Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (part 57 of 60)
3. The power to understand; the intellectual faculty; the intelligence; the rational powers collectively conceived an designated; the higher capacities of the intellect; the power to distinguish truth from falsehood, and to adapt means to ends. There is a spirit in man; and the inspiration of the Almighty them understanding. Job xxxii. 8. The power of perception is that which we call the understanding. Perception, which we make the act of the understanding, is of three sorts: 1. The perception of ideas in our mind; 2. The perception of the signification of signs; 3. The perception of the connection or repugnancy, agreement or disagreement, that there is between any of our ideas. All these are attributed to the understanding, or perceptive power, though it be the two latter only that use allows us to say we understand. Locke. In its wider acceptation, understanding is the entire power of perceiving an conceiving, exclusive of the sensibility: the power of dealing with the impressions of sense, and composing them into wholes, according to a law of unity; and in its most comprehensive meaning it includes even simple apprehension. Coleridge.
4. Specifically, the discursive faculty; the faculty of knowing by the medium or use of general conceptions or relations. In this sense it is contrasted with, and distinguished from, the reason. I use the term understanding, not for the noetic faculty, intellect proper, or place of principles, but for the dianoetic or discursive faculty in its widest signification, for the faculty of relations or comparisons; and thus in the meaning in which "verstand" is now employed by the Germans. Sir W. Hamilton.
Syn. -- Sense; intelligence; perception. See Sense.
UNDERSTANDINGLY Un`der*stand"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In an understanding manner; intelligibly; with full knowledge or comprehension; intelligently; as, to vote upon a question understandingly; to act or judge understandingly. The gospel may be neglected, but in can not be understandingly disbelieved. J. Hawes.
UNDERSTATE Un`der*state", v. t.
Defn: To state or represent less strongly than may be done truthfully.
UNDERSTATEMENT Un"der*state`ment, n.
Defn: The act of understating, or the condition of being understated; that which is understated; a statement below the truth.
UNDERSTOCK Un`der*stock", v. t.
Defn: To supply insufficiently with stock. A. Smith.
UNDERSTOOD Un`der*stood",
Defn: imp. & p. p. of Understand.
UNDERSTRAPPER Un"der*strap`per, n.
Defn: A petty fellow; an inferior agent; an underling. This was going to the fountain head at once, not applying to the understrappers. Goldsmith.
UNDERSTRAPPING Un"der*strap`ping, a.
Defn: Becoming an understrapper; subservient. [R.] Sterne.
UNDERSTRATUM Un"der*stra`tum, n.; pl. L. Understrata (, E. Understratums (.
Defn: The layer, or stratum, of earth on which the mold, or soil, rests; subsoil.
UNDERSTROKE Un`der*stroke", v. t.
Defn: To underline or underscore. Swift.
UNDERSTUDY Un"der*stud`y, v. t. & i. (Theater)
Defn: To study, as another actor's part, in order to be his substitute in an emergency; to study another actor's part.
UNDERSTUDY Un"der*stud`y, n.
Defn: One who studies another's part with a view to assuming it in an emergency.
UNDERSUIT Un"der*suit`, n.
Defn: A suit worn under another suit; a suit of underclothes.
UNDERTAKABLE Un`der*tak"a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being undertaken; practicable.
UNDERTAKE Un`der*take", v. t. [imp. Undertook; p. p. Undertaken; p. pr. & vb. n. Undertaking.] Etym: [Under + take.]
1. To take upon one's self; to engage in; to enter upon; to take in hand; to begin to perform; to set about; to attempt. To second, or oppose, or undertake The perilous attempt. Milton.
2. Specifically, to take upon one's self solemnly or expressly; to lay one's self under obligation, or to enter into stipulations, to perform or to execute; to covenant; to contract. I 'll undertake to land them on our coast. Shak.
3. Hence, to guarantee; to promise; to affirm. And he was not right fat, I undertake. Dryden. And those two counties I will undertake Your grace shall well and quietly enjoiy. Shak. I dare undertake they will not lose their labor. Woodward.
4. To assume, as a character. [Obs.] Shak.
5. To engage with; to attack. [Obs.] It is not fit your lordship should undertake every companion that you give offense to. Shak.
6. To have knowledge of; to hear. [Obs.] Spenser.
7. To take or have the charge of. [Obs.] "Who undertakes you to your end." Shak. Keep well those that ye undertake. Chaucer.
UNDERTAKE Un`der*take", v. i.
1. To take upon one's self, or assume, any business, duty, or province. O Lord, I am oppressed; undertake for me. Isa. xxxviii. 14.
2. To venture; to hazard. [Obs.] It is the cowish terror of his spirit That dare not undertake. Shak.
3. To give a promise or guarantee; to be surety. But on mine honor dare I undertake For good lord Titus' innocence in all. Shak.
UNDERTAKER Un`der*tak"er, n.
1. One who undertakes; one who engages in any project or business. Beau. & Fl.
2. One who stipulates or covenants to perform any work for another; a contractor. To sign deputations for undertakes to furnish their proportions of saltpeter. Evelyn. In come some other undertakes, and promise us the same or greater wonders. South.
3. Specifically, one who takes the charge and management of funerals.
UNDERTAKING Un`der*tak"ing, n.
1. The act of one who undertakes, or engages in, any project or business. Hakluyt.
2. That which is undertaken; any business, work, or project which a person engages in, or attempts to perform; an enterprise.
3. Specifically, the business of an undertaker, or the management of funerals.
4. A promise or pledge; a guarantee. A. Trollope.
UNDERTAPSTER Un`der*tap"ster, n.
Defn: Assistant to a tapster.
UNDERTAXED Un"der*taxed`, a.
Defn: Taxed too little, or at a lower rate than others.
UNDERTENANCY Un"der*ten`an*cy, n.
Defn: Tenancy or tenure under a tenant or lessee; the tenure of an undertenant.
UNDERTENANT Un"der*ten`ant, n.
Defn: The tenant of a tenant; one who holds lands or tenements of a tenant or lessee.
UNDERTHING Un"der**thing`, n.
Defn: Something that is inferior and of little worth. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
UNDERTIDE; UNDERTIME Un"der*tide`, Un"der*time`, n. Etym: [Under + tide, time. Cf. Undern.]
Defn: The under or after part of the day; undermeal; evening. [Obs.] He, coming home at undertime, there found The fairest creature that he ever saw. Spenser.
UNDERTONE Un"der*tone`, n.
Defn: A low or subdued tone or utterance; a tone less loud than usual.
UNDERTOOK Un`der*took",
Defn: imp. of Undertake.
UNDERTOW Un"der*tow`, n. (Naut.)
Defn: The current that sets seaward near the bottom when waves are breaking upon the shore.
UNDERTREASURER Un"der*treas`ur*er, n.
Defn: An assistant treasurer.
UNDERTURN Un`der*turn, v. t.
Defn: To turn upside down; to subvert; to upset. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNDERVALUATION Un`der*val`u*a"tion, n.
Defn: The act of undervaluing; a rate or value not equal to the real worth.
UNDERVALUE Un`der*val"ue, v. t.
1. To value, rate, or estimate below the real worth; to depreciate.
2. To esteem lightly; to treat as of little worth; to hold in mean estimation; to despise. In comparison of it I undervalued all ensigns of authority. Atterbury. I write not this with the least intention to undervalue the other parts of poetry. Dryden.
UNDERVALUE Un`der*val"ue, n.
Defn: A low rate or price; a price less than the real worth; undervaluation. Milton.
UNDERVALUER Un"der*val"u*er, n.
Defn: One who undervalues.
UNDERVERSE Un"der*verse`, n.
Defn: The lower or second verse. [Obs.]
UNDERVEST Un"der*vest`, n.
Defn: An undershirt.
UNDERVIEWER Un"der*view`er, n.
Defn: See Underlooker.
UNDERWEAR Un"der*wear`, n.
Defn: That which is worn under the outside clothing; underclothes.
UNDERWEEN Un`der*ween", v. t.
Defn: To undervalue. [Obs.]
UNDERWENT Un`der*went",
Defn: imp. of Undergo.
UNDERWING Un"der*wing`, n.
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the posterior wings of an insect.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of noctuid moths belonging to Catocala and allied genera, in which the hind wings are banded with red and black or other conspicuous colors. Many of the species are called red underwing.
UNDERWITTED Un"der*wit`ted, a.
Defn: Weak in intellect; half-witted; silly. [R.] Bp. Kennet.
UNDERWOOD Un"der*wood`, n.
Defn: Small trees and bushes that grow among large trees; coppice; underbrush; -- formerly used in the plural. Shrubs and underwoods look well enough while they grow within the shade of oaks and cedars. Addison.
UNDERWORK Un`der*work", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Underworked or Underwrought (; p. pr. & vb. n. Underworking.]
1. To injure by working secretly; to destroy or overthrow by clandestine measure; to undermine. But thou from loving England art so far, That thou hast underwrought his lawful king. Shak.
2. To expend too little work upon; as, to underwork a painting. Dryden.
3. To do like work at a less price than; as, one mason may underwork another.
UNDERWORK Un`der*work", v. i.
1. To work or operate in secret or clandestinely. B. Jonson.
2. To do less work than is proper or suitable.
3. To do work for a less price than current rates.
UNDERWORK Un"der*work`, n.
Defn: Inferior or subordinate work; petty business. Addison.
UNDERWORKER Un"der*work`er, n.
1. One who underworks.
2. An inferior or subordinate workman. Waterland.
UNDERWORLD Un"der*world`, n.
1. The lower of inferior world; the world which is under the heavens; the earth. That overspreads (with such a reverence) This underworld. Daniel.
2. The mythological place of departed souls; Hades.
3. The portion of the world which is below the horizon; the opposite side of the world; the antipodes. [R.] Fresh as the first beam glittering on a sail, That brings our friends up from the underworld. Tennyson.
4. The inferior part of mankind. [R.] Atterbury.
UNDERWRITE Un`der*write", v. t. [imp. Underwrote, Obs. Underwrit (; p. p. Underwritten, Obs. Underwrit; p. pr. & vb. n. Underwriting.]
1. To write under something else; to subscribe. What addition and change I have made I have here underwritten. Bp. Sanderson.
2. To subscribe one's name to for insurance, especially for marine insurance; to write one's name under, or set one's name to, as a policy of insurance, for the purpose of becoming answerable for loss or damage, on consideration of receiving a certain premium per cent; as, individuals, as well as companies, may underwrite policies of insurance. B. Jonson. The broker who procures the insurance ought not, by underwriting the policy, to deprive the parties of his unbiased testimony. Marshall.
UNDERWRITE Un`der*write", v. i.
Defn: To practice the business of insuring; to take a risk of insurance on a vessel or the like.
UNDERWRITER Un"der*writ`er, n.
Defn: One who underwrites his name to the conditions of an insurance policy, especially of a marine policy; an insurer.
UNDERWRITING Un"der*writ`ing, n.
Defn: The business of an underwriter,
UNDERYOKE Un`der*yoke", v. t.
Defn: To subject to the yoke; to make subject. Wyclif.
UNDESERVE Un`de*serve", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + deserve.]
Defn: To fail to deserve. [Obs.] Milton.
UNDESERVER Un`de*serv"er, n.
Defn: One of no merit; one who is nor deserving or worthy. [Obs.] Shak.
UNDESIGNING Un`de*sign"ing, a.
Defn: Having no artful, ulterior, or fraudulent purpose; sincere; artless; simple.
UNDESTROYABLE Un`de*stroy"a*ble, a.
Defn: Indestructible.
UNDETERMINABLE Un`de*ter"mi*na*ble, a.
Defn: Not determinable; indeterminable. Locke.
UNDETERMINATE Un`de*ter"mi*nate, a.
Defn: Nor determinate; not settled or certain; indeterminate. South. -- Un`de*ter"mi*nate*ness, n. Dr. H. More.
UNDETERMINATION Un`de*ter`mi*na"tion, n.
Defn: Indetermination. Sir M. Hale.
UNDEVIL Un*dev"il, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + devil.]
Defn: To free from possession by a devil or evil spirit; to exorcise. [Obs.] They boy having gotten a habit of counterfeiting . . . would not be undeviled by all their exorcisms. Fuller.
UNDEVOTION Un`de*vo"tion, n.
Defn: Absence or want of devotion.
UNDID Un*did",
Defn: imp. of Undo.
UNDIFFERENTIATED Un*dif`fer*en"ti*a`ted, a.
Defn: Not differentiated; specifically (Biol.), homogenous, or nearly so; -- said especially of young or embryonic tissues which have not yet undergone differentiation (see Differentiation, 3), that is, which show no visible separation into their different structural parts.
UNDIGENOUS Un*dig"e*nous, a. Etym: [L. unda a wave + -genous.]
Defn: Generated by water. [R.] Kirwan.
UNDIGESTIBLE Un`di*gest"i*ble, a.
Defn: Indigestible.
UNDIGHT Un*dight", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + dight.]
Defn: To put off; to lay aside, as a garment. [Obs.] Spenser.
UNDIGNE Un*digne", a.
Defn: Unworthy. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNDINE Un*dine", n. Etym: [G. undine, or F. ondin, ondine, from L. unda a wave, water.]
Defn: One of a class of fabled female water spirits who might receive a human soul by intermarrying with a mortal.
UNDIOCESED Un*di"o*cesed, a.
Defn: Unprovided with a diocese; having no diocese. Milton.
UNDIRECT Un`di*rect", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + direct, v. t.]
Defn: To misdirect; to mislead. [Obs.] who make false fires to undirect seamen in a tempest. Fuller.
UNDIRECT Un`di*rect", a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + direct.]
Defn: Indirect.
UNDIRECTED Un`di*rect"ed, a. Etym: [In senses 1 and 2, pref. un- not + directed; in sense 3 properly p. p. of undirect.]
1. Not directed; not guided; left without direction.
2. Not addressed; not superscribed, as a letter.
3. Misdirected; misled; led astray. [R.]
UNDIRECTLY Un`di*rect"ly, adv.
Defn: Indirectly. Strype.
UNDISCERNING Un`dis*cern"ing, n.
Defn: Want of discernment. [R.] Spectator.
UNDISCLOSE Un`dis*close", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + disclose.]
Defn: To keep close or secret. [Obs.] Daniel.
UNDISCREET Un`dis*creet", a.
Defn: Indiscreet. Chaucer. -- Un`dis*creet"ly, adv. -- -- Un`dis*creet"ness. -- Un`dis*cre"tion, n. Indiscretion.
UNDISPENSABLE Un`dis*pen"sa*ble, a.
1. Indispensable.
2. Unavoidable; inevitable. [Obs.] Fuller.
3. Not to be freed by dispensation. [Obs.]
UNDISPENSED Un`dis*pensed", a.
1. Not dispensed.
2. Not freed by dispensation. [R.] Tooker.
UNDISPOSEDNESS Un`dis*pos"ed*ness, n.
Defn: Indisposition; disinclination.
UNDISPUTABLE Un*dis"pu*ta*ble, a.
Defn: Indisputable. Addison. -- Un*dis"pu*ta*ble*ness, n.
UNDISTINCTIVE Un`dis*tinc"tive, a.
Defn: Making no distinctions; not discriminating; impartial. As undistinctive Death will come here one day. Dickens.
UNDISTINCTLY Un`dis*tinct"ly, adv.
Defn: Indistinctly.
UNDIVIDED Un`di*vid"ed, a.
1. Not divided; not separated or disunited; unbroken; whole; continuous; as, plains undivided by rivers or mountains.
2. Not set off, as a share in a firm; not made actually separate by division; as, a partner, owning one half in a firm, is said to own an undivided half so long as the business continues and his share is not set off to him.
3. Not directed or given to more than one object; as, undivided attention or affection. Shak.
4. (Bot.)
Defn: Not lobed, cleft, or branched; entire.
UNDIVIDUAL Un`di*vid"u*al, a.
Defn: Indivisible. [Obs.] True courage and courtesy are undividual companions. Fuller.
UNDIVISIBLE Un`di*vis"i*ble, a.
Defn: Indivisible.
UNDO Un*do", v. t. Etym: [AS. und. See 1st Un-, and Do to perform.]
1. To reverse, as what has been done; to annul; to bring to naught. What's done can not be undone. Shak. To-morrow, ere the setting sun, She 'd all undo that she had done. Swift.
2. To loose; to open; to take to piece; to unfasten; to untie; hence, to unravel; to solve; as, to undo a knot; to undo a puzzling question; to undo a riddle. Tennyson. Pray you, undo this button. Shak. She took the spindle, and undoing the thread gradually, measured it. Sir W. Scott.
3. To bring to poverty; to impoverish; to ruin, as in reputation, morals, hopes, or the like; as, many are undone by unavoidable losses, but more undo themselves by vices and dissipation, or by indolence. That quaffing and drinking will undo you, Shak.
UNDOCK Un*dock", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + dock.] (Naut.)
Defn: To take out of dock; as, to undock a ship.
UNDOER Un*do"er, n.
Defn: One who undoes anything; especially, one who ruins another.
UNDOING Un*do"ing, n.
1. The reversal of what has been done.
2. Ruin. "The utter undoing of some." Hooker.
UNDOMESTICATE Un`do*mes"ti*cate, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + domesticate.]
Defn: To make wild or roving.
UNDONE Un*done",
Defn: p. p. of Undo.
UNDONE Un*done", a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + done.]
Defn: Not done or performed; neglected.
UNDOUBLE Un*dou"ble, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + double.]
Defn: To unfold, or render single.
UNDOUBTABLE Un*doubt"a*ble, a.
Defn: Indubitable.
UNDOUBTED Un*doubt"ed, a.
Defn: Not doubted; not called in question; indubitable; indisputable; as, undoubted proof; undoubted hero. -- Un*doubt"ed*ly, adv.
UNDRAPE Un*drape", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + drape.]
Defn: To strip of drapery; to uncover or unveil.
UNDRAW Un*draw", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + draw.]
Defn: To draw aside or open; to draw back. Angels undrew the curtain of the throne. Young.
UNDREAMED; UNDREAMT Un*dreamed", Un*dreamt", a.
Defn: Not dreamed, or dreamed of; not thof. Unpathed waters, undreamed shores. Shak.
UNDRESS Un*dress", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + dress.]
1. To divest of clothes; to strip.
2. To divest of ornaments to disrobe.
3. (Med.)
Defn: To take the dressing, or covering, from; as, to undress a wound.
UNDRESS Un"dress, n.
1. A loose, negligent dress; ordinary dress, as distinguished from full dress.
2. (Mil. & Naval)
Defn: An authorized habitual dress of officers and soldiers, but not full-dress uniform. Undress parade (Mil.), a substitute for dress parade, allowed in bad weather, the companies forming without arms, and the ceremony being shortened.
UNDUBITABLE Un*du"bi*ta*ble, a.
Defn: Indubitable; as, an undubitable principle. [Obs.] Locke.
UNDUE Un*due", a.
1. Not due; not yet owing; as, an undue debt, note, or bond.
2. Not right; not lawful or legal; improper; as, an undue proceeding. Bacon.
3. Not agreeable to a rule or standard, or to duty; disproportioned; excessive; immoderate; inordinate; as, an undue attachment to forms; an undue rigor in the execution of law. Undue influence (Law), any improper or wrongful constraint, machination, or urgency of persuasion, by which one's will is overcome and he is induced to do or forbear an act which he would not do, or would do, if left to act freely. Abbott.
UNDUENESS Un*due"ness, n.
Defn: The quality of being undue.
UNDUKE Un*duke", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + duke.]
Defn: To deprive of dukedom. Swift.
UNDULANT Un"du*lant, a.
Defn: Undulating. [R.]
UNDULARY Un"du*la*ry, a. Etym: [See Undulate.]
Defn: Moving like waves; undulatory. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
UNDULATE Un"du*late, a. Etym: [L. undulatus undulated, wavy, a dim. from unda a wave; cf. AS. unnr; perhaps akin to E. water. Cf. Abound, Inundate, Redound, Surround.]
Defn: Same as Undulated.
UNDULATE Un"du*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Undulated; p. pr. & vb. n. Undulating.]
Defn: To cause to move backward and forward, or up and down, in undulations or waves; to cause to vibrate. Breath vocalized, that is, vibrated and undulated. Holder.
UNDULATE Un"du*late, v. i.
Defn: To move in, or have, undulations or waves; to vibrate; to wave; as, undulating air.
UNDULATED Un"du*la`ted, a.
1. Resembling, or in the nature of, waves; having a wavy surface; undulatory.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: Waved obtusely up and down, near the margin, as a leaf or corolla; wavy.
3. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Formed with elevations and depressions resembling waves; having wavelike color markings; as, an undulated shell.
UNDULATING Un"du*la`ting, a.
Defn: Rising and falling like waves; resembling wave form or motion; undulatory; rolling; wavy; as, an undulating medium; undulating ground. -- Un"du*la`ting*ly. adv.
UNDULATION Un`du*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ondulation.]
1. The act of undulating; a waving motion or vibration; as, the undulations of a fluid, of water, or of air; the undulations of sound.
2. A wavy appearance or outline; waviness. Evelyn.
3. (Mus.) (a) The tremulous tone produced by a peculiar pressure of the finger on a string, as of a violin. (b) The pulsation caused by the vibrating together of two tones not quite in unison; -- called also beat.
4. (Physics)
Defn: A motion to and fro, up and down, or from side to side, in any fluid or elastic medium, propagated continuously among its particles, but with no translation of the particles themselves in the direction of the propagation of the wave; a wave motion; a vibration.
UNDULATIONIST Un`du*la"tion*ist, n.
Defn: One who advocates the undulatory theory of light. Whewell.
UNDULATIVE Un"du*la*tive, a.
Defn: Consisting in, or accompanied by, undulations; undulatory.
UNDULATORY Un"du*la*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. ondulatoire.]
Defn: Moving in the manner of undulations, or waves; resembling the motion of waves, which successively rise or swell rise or swell and fall; pertaining to a propagated alternating motion, similar to that of waves. Undulatory theory, or Wave theory (of light) (Opt.), that theory which regards its various phenomena as due to undulations in an ethereal medium, propagated from the radiant with immense, but measurable, velocities, and producing different impressions on the retina according to their amplitude and frequency, the sensation of brightness depending on the former, that of color on the latter. The undulations are supposed to take place, not in the direction of propagation, as in the air waves constituting sound, but transversely, and the various phenomena of refraction, polarization, interference, etc., are attributable to the different affections of these undulations in different circumstances of propagation. It is computed that the frequency of the undulations corresponding to the several colors of the spectrum ranges from 458 millions of millions per second for the extreme red ray, to 727 millions of millions for the extreme violet, and their lengths for the same colors, from the thirty-eight thousandth to the sixty thousandth part of an inch. The theory of ethereal undulations is applicable not only to the phenomena of light, but also to those of heat.
UNDULL Un*dull", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + dull.]
Defn: To remove the dullness of; to clear. [Obs.] Whitlock.
UNDULOUS Un"du*lous, a.
Defn: Undulating; undulatory.
UNDULY Un*du"ly, adv.
Defn: In an undue manner.
UNDUMPISH Un*dump"ish, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + dumpish.]
Defn: To relieve from the dumps. [Obs.] Fuller.
UNDUST Un*dust", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + dust.]
Defn: To free from dust. [Obs.]
UNDWELLABLE Un*dwell"a*ble, a.
Defn: Uninhabitable. [Obs.] "A land undwellable." Wyclif.
UNDWELT Un*dwelt", a.
Defn: Not lived (in); -- with in.
UNDYING Un*dy"ing, a.
Defn: Not dying; imperishable; unending; immortal; as, the undying souls of men.
UNEARED Un*eared", a.
Defn: Not eared, or plowed. Shak.
UNEARNED Un*earned", a.
Defn: Not earned; not gained by labor or service. Unearned increment (Polit. Econ.), a increase in the value of land due to no labor or expenditure on the part of the owner, but to natural causes, such as the increase of population, the growth of a town in the vicinity, or the like. Some hold that this should belong to the nation.
UNEARTH Un*earth", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Unearthed; p. pr. & vb. n. Unearthing.] Etym: [1st pref. un- + earth.]
Defn: To drive or draw from the earth; hence, to uncover; to bring out from concealment; to bring to light; to disclose; as, to unearth a secret. To unearth the roof of an old tree. Wordsworth.
UNEARTHLY Un*earth"ly, a.
Defn: Not terrestrial; supernatural; preternatural; hence, weird; appalling; terrific; as, an unearthly sight or sound. -- Un*earth"li*ness, n.
UNEASE Un*ease", n.
Defn: Want of ease; uneasiness. [Obs.]
UNEASILY Un*eas"i*ly, adv.
Defn: In an uneasy manner.
UNEASINESS Un*eas"i*ness, n.
1. The quality or state of being uneasy; restlessness; disquietude; anxiety.
2. The quality of making uneasy; discomfort; as, the uneasiness of the road. [Obs.] Bp. Burnet.
UNEASY Un*eas"y, a.
1. Not easy; difficult. [R.] Things . . . so uneasy to be satisfactorily understood. Boyle. The road will be uneasy to find. Sir W. Scott.
2. Restless; disturbed by pain, anxiety, or the like; disquieted; perturbed. The soul, uneasy and confined from home, Rests and expatiates in a life to come. Pope.
3. Not easy in manner; constrained; stiff; awkward; not graceful; as, an uneasy deportment.
4. Occasioning want of ease; constraining; cramping; disagreeable; unpleasing. "His uneasy station." Milton. A sour, untractable nature makes him uneasy to those who approach him. Addison.
UNEATH Un*eath", a. Etym: [AS. uneá; un- not + eá easily, easy; akin to OS. easy, OHG. .]
Defn: Not easy; difficult; hard. [Obs.] Who he was, uneath was to descry. Spenser.
UNEATH Un*eath", adv.
Defn: Not easily; hardly; scarcely. [Obs.] Uneath may she endure the flinty streets. Shak.
UNEDGE Un*edge", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + edge.]
Defn: To deprive of the edge; to blunt. J. Fletcher.
UNEFECTUAL Un`e*fec"tu*al, a.
Defn: Ineffectual. "His uneffectual fire." Shak.
UNELASTIC Un`e*las"tic, a.
Defn: Not elastic; inelastic.
UNELASTICITY Un`e*las*tic"i*ty, n.
Defn: Inelasticity.
UNELEGANT Un*el"e*gant, a.
Defn: Inelegant.
UNELIGIBLE Un*el"i*gi*ble, a.
Defn: Ineligible. Roger
UNEMBARRASSED Un`em*bar"rassed, a.
Defn: Not embarrassed. Specifically: -- (a) Not perplexed in mind; not confused; as, the speaker appeared unembarrassed. (b) Free from pecuniary difficulties or encumbrances; as, he and his property are unembarrassed. (c) Free from perplexing connection; as, the question comes into court unembarrassed with irrelevant matter.
UNEMBARRASSMENT Un`em*bar"rass*ment, n.
Defn: Freedom from embarrassment.
UNEMBODIED Un`em*bod"ied, a.
1. Free from a corporeal body; disembodied; as, unembodied spirits. Byron.
2. Not embodied; not collected into a body; not yet organized; as, unembodied militia.
UNEMPIRICALLY Un`em*pir"ic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: Not empirically; without experiment or experience.
UNEMPLOYED Un`em*ployed", a.
1. Nor employed in manual or other labor; having no regular work.
2. Not invested or used; as, unemployed capital.
UNEMPLOYMENT Un`em*ploy"ment, n.
Defn: Quality or state of being not employed; -- used esp. in economics, of the condition of various social classes when temporarily thrown out of employment, as those engaged for short periods, those whose trade is decaying, and those least competent.
UNENCUMBER Un`en*cum"ber, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + encumber.]
Defn: To free from incumbrance; to disencumber.
UNENDLY Un*end"ly, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + end + -ly.]
Defn: Unending; endless. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
UNENTANGLE Un`en*tan"gle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + entangle.]
Defn: To disentangle.
UNEQUAL Un*e"qual, a. Etym: [Cf. Inequal.]
1. Not equal; not matched; not of the same size, length, breadth, quantity, strength, talents, acquirements, age, station, or the like; as, the fingers are of unequal length; peers and commoners are unequal in rank.
2. Ill balanced or matched; disproportioned; hence, not equitable; partial; unjust; unfair. Against unequal arms to fight in pain. Milton. Jerome, a very unequal relator of the opinion of his adversaries. John Worthington. To punish me for what you make me do Seems much unequal. Shak.
3. Not uniform; not equable; irregular; uneven; as, unequal pulsations; an unequal poem.
4. Not adequate or sufficient; inferior; as, the man was unequal to the emergency; the timber was unequal to the sudden strain.
5. (Bot.)
Defn: Not having the two sides or the parts symmetrical.
UNEQUALABLE Un*e"qual*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not capable of being equaled or paralleled. [Obs.] Boyle.
UNEQUALED Un*e"qualed, a.
Defn: Not equaled; unmatched; unparalleled; unrivaled; exceeding; surpassing; -- in a good or bad sense; as, unequaled excellence; unequaled ingratitude or baseness. [Written also unequalled.]
UNEQUALLY Un*e"qual*ly, adv.
Defn: In an unequal manner. Unequally pinnate (Bot.), pinnate, but with an odd number of leaflets.
UNEQUALNESS Un*e"qual*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unequal; inequality; unevenness. Jer. Taylor.
UNEQUITABLE Un*eq"ui*ta*ble, a.
Defn: Inequitable.
UNEQUITY Un*eq"ui*ty, n.
Defn: Want of equity or uprightness; injustice; wickedness; iniquity. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNEQUIVOCAL Un`e*quiv"o*cal, a.
Defn: Not equivocal; not doubtful; not ambiguous; evident; sincere; plain; as, unequivocal evidence; unequivocal words. -- Un`e*quiv"o*cal*ly, adv. -- Un`e*quiv"o*cal*ness, n.
UNERRING Un*err"ing, a.
Defn: Committing no mistake; incapable or error or failure certain; sure; unfailing; as, the unerring wisdom of God. Hissing in air the unerring weapon flew. Dryden.
UNERRINGLY Un*err"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In an unerring manner.
UNESSENTIAL Un`es*sen"tial, a.
1. Not essential; not of prime importance; not indispensable; unimportant. Addison.
2. Void of essence, or real being. [R.] Milton.
UNESSENTIAL Un`es*sen"tial, n.
Defn: Something not constituting essence, or something which is not of absolute necessity; as, forms are among the unessentials of religion.
UNESSENTIALLY Un`es*sen"tial*ly, adv.
Defn: In an unessential manner.
UNESTABLISH Un`es*tab"lish, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + establish.]
Defn: To disestablish. [R.] The Parliament demanded of the king to unestablish that prelatical government. Milton.
UNETH; UNETHES Un*eth", Un*ethes", adv.
Defn: With difficulty; scarcely. See Uneath. [Written also unethe, unneth, unnethe, unnethes, etc.] [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNEVEN Un*e"ven, a. Etym: [AS. unefen. See Un- not, and Even, a.]
1. Not even; not level; not uniform; rough; as, an uneven road or way; uneven ground.
2. Not equal; not of equal length. Hebrew verse consists of uneven feet. Peacham.
3. Not divisible by two without a remainder; odd; -- said of numbers; as, 3, 7, and 11 are uneven numbers. Un*e"ven*ly, adv. -- Un*e"ven*ness, n.
UNEVITABLE Un*ev"i*ta*ble, a.
Defn: Inevitable. [Obs.]
UNEXACT Un`ex*act", a.
Defn: Not exact; inexact.
UNEXAMPLED Un`ex*am"pled, a.
Defn: Having no example or similar case; being without precedent; unprecedented; unparalleled. "A revolution . . . unexampled for grandeur of results." De Quincey.
UNEXCEPTIONABLE Un`ex*cep"tion*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not liable to any exception or objection; unobjectionable; faultless; good; excellent; as, a man of most unexceptionable character. -- Un`ex*cep"tion*a*ble*ness, n. -- Un`ex*cep"tion*a*bly, adv.
Chesterfield is an unexceptionable witness. Macaulay.
UNEXCEPTIVE Un`ex*cept"ive, a.
Defn: Not exceptive; not including, admitting, or being, an exception.
UNEXCUSABLE Un`ex*cus"a*ble, a.
Defn: Inexcusable. Hayward. -- Un`ex*cus"a*ble*ness, n.
UNEXHAUSTIBLE Un`ex*haust"i*ble, a.
Defn: Inexhaustible.
UNEXPECTATION Un*ex`pec*ta"tion, n.
Defn: Absence of expectation; want of foresight. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
UNEXPECTED Un`ex*pect"ed, a.
Defn: Not expected; coming without warning; sudden. -- Un`ex*pect"ed*ly, adv. -- Un`ex*pect"ed*ness, n.
UNEXPEDIENT Un`ex*pe"di*ent, a.
Defn: Inexpedient. [Obs.]
UNEXPENSIVE Un`ex*pen"sive, a.
Defn: Inexpensive. Milton.
UNEXPERIENCE Un`ex*pe"ri*ence, n.
Defn: Inexperience. [Obs.]
UNEXPERIENCED Un`ex*pe"ri*enced, a.
1. Not experienced; being without experience; inexperienced. Swift.
2. Untried; -- applied to things. Cheyne.
UNEXPERIENT Un`ex*pe"ri*ent, a.
Defn: Inexperienced. [Obs.]
UNEXPERT Un`ex*pert", a.
Defn: Not expert; inexpert. Milton.
UNEXPERTLY Un`ex*pert"ly, adv.
Defn: In an unexpert manner.
UNEXPRESSIBLE Un`ex*press"i*ble, a.
Defn: Inexpressible. Tillotson. -- Un`ex*press"i*bly, adv.
UNEXPRESSIVE Un`ex*press"ive, a.
1. Not expressive; not having the power of utterance; inexpressive.
2. Incapable of being expressed; inexpressible; unutterable; ineffable. [Obs.] Run, run, Orlando; carve on every tree The fair, the chaste and unexpressive she. Shak. -- Un`ex*press"ive*ly, adv.
UNEXTINGUISHABLE Un`ex*tin"guish*a*ble, a.
Defn: Inextinguishable. -- Un`ex*tin"guish*a*bly, adv.
UNEXTRICABLE Un*ex"tri*ca*ble, a.
Defn: Not extricable; inextricable. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
UNFACE Un*face", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + face.]
Defn: To remove the face or cover from; to unmask; to expose.
UNFAILABLE Un*fail"a*ble, a.
Defn: Infallible. [Obs.] "This unfailable word of truth." Bp. Hall.
UNFAILING Un*fail"ing, a.
Defn: Not failing; not liable to fail; inexhaustible; certain; sure. Dryden. -- Un*fail"ing*ly, adv. -- Un*fail"ing*ness, n.
UNFAIR Un*fair", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fair.]
Defn: To deprive of fairness or beauty. [R.] Shak.
UNFAIR Un*fair", a. Etym: [AS. unfæger unlovely. See Un- not, and Fair, a.]
Defn: Not fair; not honest; not impartial; disingenuous; using or involving trick or artifice; dishonest; unjust; unequal. You come, like an unfair merchant, to charge me with being in your debt. Swift. -- Un*fair"ly, adv -- Un*fair"ness, n.
UNFAITH Un*faith", n.
Defn: Absence or want of faith; faithlessness; distrust; unbelief. [R.] Faith and unfaith can ne'er be equal powers: Unfaith in aught is want of faith in all. Tennyson.
UNFAITHFUL Un*faith"ful, a.
1. Not faithful; not observant of promises, vows, allegiance, or duty; violating trust or confidence; treacherous; perfidious; as, an unfaithful subject; an unfaithful agent or servant. My feet, through wine, unfaithful to their weight. Pope. His honor rooted in dishonor stood, And faith unfaithful kept him falsely true. Tennyson.
2. Not possessing faith; infidel. [R.] Milton. -- Un*faith"ful*ly, adv. -- Un*faith"ful*ness, n.
UNFALCATED Un*fal"ca*ted, a.
1. Not falcated, or hooked.
2. Having no deductions; not curtailed, or shortened; undiminished. [R.] Swift.
UNFALLIBLE Un*fal"li*ble, a.
Defn: Infallible. Shak.
UNFASTEN Un*fas"ten, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fasten.]
Defn: To loose; to unfix; to unbind; to untie.
UNFATHERED Un*fa"thered, a.
1. Having no father; fatherless; hence, born contrary to nature. Shak.
2. Having no acknowledged father; hence, illegitimate; spurious; bastard.
UNFAVORABLE Un*fa"vor*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not favorable; not propitious; adverse; contrary; discouraging. -- Un*fa"vor*a*ble*ness, n. -- Un*fa"vor*a*bly, adv.
UNFEATHER Un*feath"er, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + feather.]
Defn: To deprive of feathers; to strip. [R.]
UNFEATURED Un*fea"tured, a.
Defn: Wanting regular features; deformed. "Visage rough, deformed, unfeatured, and a skin of buff." Dryden.
UNFEATY Un*feat"y, a. Etym: [Un- not + feat, a.]
Defn: Not feat; not dexterous; unskillful; clumsy. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
UNFEELING Un*feel"ing, a.
1. Destitute of feeling; void of sensibility; insensible; insensate.
2. Without kind feelings; cruel; hard-hearted. To each his sufferings: all are men, Condemned alike to groan; The tender for another's pain, Th' unfeeling for his own. Gray. -- Un*feel"ing*ly, adv. -- Un*feel"ing*ness, n.
UNFEIGNED Un*feigned", a.
Defn: Not feigned; not counterfeit; not hypocritical; real; sincere; genuine; as, unfeigned piety; unfeigned love to man. "Good faith unfeigned." Chaucer. -- Un*feign"ed*ly, adv. -- Un*feign"ed*ness, n.
UNFELLOW Un*fel"low, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fellow.]
Defn: To prevent from being a fellow or companion; to separate from one's fellows; to dissever. Death quite unfellows us. Mrs. Browning.
UNFELLOWED Un*fel"lowed, a. Etym: [Pref. un- + fellowed.]
Defn: Being without a fellow; unmatched; unmated. Shak.
UNFENCE Un*fence", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fence.]
Defn: To strip of a fence; to remove a fence from.
UNFERTILE Un*fer"tile, a.
Defn: Not fertile; infertile; barren. -- Un*fer"tile*ness, n.
UNFESTLICH Un*fest"lich, a.
Defn: Unfit for a feast; hence, jaded; worn. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNFETTER Un*fet"ter, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fetter.]
Defn: To loose from fetters or from restraint; to unchain; to unshackle; to liberate; as, to unfetter the mind.
UNFEUDALIZE Un*feu"dal*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + feudalize.]
Defn: To free from feudal customs or character; to make not feudal. Carlyle.
UNFILE Un*file", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + file.]
Defn: To remove from a file or record.
UNFILED Un*filed", a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + filed, p. p. of file to defile.]
Defn: Not defiled; pure. [Obs.] Surrey.
UNFILIAL Un*fil"ial, a.
Defn: Unsuitable to a son or a daughter; undutiful; not becoming a child. -- Un*fil"ial*ly, adv.
UNFINISHED Un*fin"ished, a.
Defn: Not finished, not brought to an end; imperfect; incomplete; left in the rough; wanting the last hand or touch; as, an unfinished house; an unfinished picture; an unfinished iron casting.
UNFIRM Un*firm", a.
Defn: Infirm. [R.] Dryden.
UNFIRMNESS Un*firm"ness, n.
Defn: Infirmness. [R.]
UNFIT Un*fit", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fit.]
Defn: To make unsuitable or incompetent; to deprive of the strength, skill, or proper qualities for anything; to disable; to incapacitate; to disqualify; as, sickness unfits a man for labor; sin unfits us for the society of holy beings.
UNFIT Un*fit", a. Etym: [Pref. un- + fit.]
Defn: Not fit; unsuitable. -- Un*fit"ly, adv. -- Un*fit"ness, n.
UNFIX Un*fix", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fix.]
1. To loosen from a fastening; to detach from anything that holds; to unsettle; as, to unfix a bayonet; to unfix the mind or affections.
2. To make fluid; to dissolve. [R.] The mountain stands; nor can the rising sun Unfix her frosts. Dryden.
UNFLEDGED Un*fledged", a.
Defn: Not fledged; not feathered; hence, not fully developed; immature. Dryden.
UNFLESH Un*flesh", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + flesh.]
Defn: To deprive of flesh; to reduce a skeleton. "Unfleshed humanity." Wordsworth.
UNFLESHLY Un*flesh"ly, a.
Defn: Not pertaining to the flesh; spiritual.
UNFLEXIBLE Un*flex"i*ble, a.
Defn: Inflexible.
UNFLINCHING Un*flinch"ing, a.
Defn: Not flinching or shrinking; unyielding. -- Un*flinch"ing*ly, adv.
UNFLOWER Un*flow"er, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + flower.]
Defn: To strip of flowers. [R.] G. Fletcher.
UNFOLD Un*fold", v. t. Etym: [AS. unfealdan. See 1st Un-, and Fold, v. t.]
1. To open the folds of; to expand; to spread out; as, to unfold a tablecloth. Unfold thy forehead gathered into frowns. Herbert.
2. To open, as anything covered or close; to lay open to view or contemplation; to bring out in all the details, or by successive development; to display; to disclose; to reveal; to elucidate; to explain; as, to unfold one's designs; to unfold the principles of a science. Unfold the passion of my love. Shak.
3. To release from a fold or pen; as, to unfold sheep.
UNFOLD Un*fold", v. i.
Defn: To open; to expand; to become disclosed or developed. The wind blows cold While the morning doth unfold. J. Fletcher.
UNFOLDER Un*fold"er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, unfolds.
UNFOLDMENT Un*fold"ment, n.
Defn: The acct of unfolding, or the state of being unfolded. The extreme unfoldment of the instinctive powers. C. Morris.
UNFOOL Un*fool", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fool.]
Defn: To restore from folly, or from being a fool. [Obs.] Shak.
UNFORESEE Un`fore*see", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + foresee.]
Defn: To fail to foresee. Bp. Hacket.
UNFORESEEABLE Un`fore*see"a*ble, a.
Defn: Incapable of being foreseen. South.
UNFORESKINNED Un*fore"skinned, a. Etym: [1st pref. un- + foreskin + -ed.]
Defn: Deprived of the foreskin; circumcised. [R.] Milton.
UNFORGETTABLE Un`for*get"ta*ble, a.
Defn: Not forgettable; enduring in memory. Pungent and unforgettable truths. Emerson.
UNFORM Un*form", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + form.]
Defn: To decompose, or resolve into parts; to destroy the form of; to unmake. [R.] Good.
UNFORMED Un*formed", a. Etym: [In sense 1 properly p. p. of un form; in senses 2 and 3 pref. un- not + formed.]
1. Decomposed, or resolved into parts; having the form destroyed.
2. Not formed; not arranged into regular shape, order, or relations; shapeless; amorphous.
3. (Biol.)
Defn: Unorganized; without definite shape or structure; as, an unformed, or unorganized, ferment. Unformed stars (Astron.), stars not grouped into any constellation; informed stars. See Sporades.
UNFORTUNATE Un*for"tu*nate, a.
Defn: Not fortunate; unsuccessful; not prosperous; unlucky; attended with misfortune; unhappy; as, an unfortunate adventure; an unfortunate man; an unfortunate commander; unfortunate business. -- n.
Defn: An unfortunate person. Hood. -- Un*for"tu*nate*ly, adv. -- Un*for"tu*nate*ness, n.
UNFOUNDED Un*found"ed, a.
1. Not founded; not built or established. Milton.
2. Having no foundation; baseless; vain; idle; as, unfounded expectations. Paley.
UNFRAME Un*frame", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + frame.]
Defn: To take apart, or destroy the frame of. Dryden.
UNFRANGIBLE Un*fran"gi*ble, a.
Defn: Infrangible. [Obs.] "Impassible and unfrangible." Jer. Taylor.
UNFRANKABLE Un*frank"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not frankable; incapable of being sent free by public conveyance.
UNFRAUGHT Un*fraught", a.
1. Etym: [Pref. un- not + fraught.]
Defn: Not fraught; not burdened.
2. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fraught.]
Defn: Removed, as a burden; unloaded. P. Fletcher.
UNFREE Un*free", a.
Defn: Not free; held in bondage. There had always been a slave class, a class of the unfree, among the English as among all German peoples. J. R. Green
UNFREEZE Un*freeze", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + freeze.]
Defn: To thaw. [Obs.]
UNFREQUENCY Un*fre"quen*cy, n.
Defn: Infrequency.
UNFREQUENT Un*fre"quent (, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + frequent.]
Defn: Infrequent. J. H. Newman. -- Un*fre"quent*ly adv.
UNFREQUENT Un`fre*quent", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + frequent.]
Defn: To cease to frequent. [Obs.] They quit their thefts and unfrequent the fields. J. Philips.
UNFREQUENTED Un`fre*quent"ed, a. Etym: [Pref. un- + frequented.]
Defn: Rarely visited; seldom or never resorted to by human beings; as, an unfrequented place or forest. Addison.
UNFRET Un*fret", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + fret.]
Defn: To smooth after being fretted. [Obs.]
UNFRIEND Un*friend", n.
Defn: One not a friend; an enemy. [R.] Carlyle.
UNFRIENDED Un*friend"ed, a.
Defn: Wanting friends; not befriended; not countenanced or supported. Goldsmith. If Richard indeed does come back, it must be alone, unfollowed, unfriended. Sir W. Scott.
UNFRIENDLY Un*friend"ly, a.
1. Not friendly; not kind or benevolent; hostile; as, an unfriendly neighbor.
2. Not favorable; not adapted to promote or support any object; as, weather unfriendly to health. -- Un*friend"li*ness, n.
UNFRIENDSHIP Un*friend"ship, n.
Defn: The state or quality of being unfriendly; unfriendliness; enmity. An act of unfriendship to my sovereign person. Sir W. Scott.
UNFROCK Un*frock", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + frock.]
Defn: To deprive or divest or a frock; specifically, to deprive of priestly character or privilege; as, to unfrock a priest.
UNFRUITFUL Un*fruit"ful, a.
Defn: Not producing fruit or offspring; unproductive; infertile; barren; sterile; as, an unfruitful tree or animal; unfruitful soil; an unfruitful life or effort. -- Un*fruit"ful*ly, adv. -- Un*fruit"ful*ness, n.
UNFUMED Un*fumed", a.
Defn: Not exposed to fumes; not fumigated. Milton.
UNFURL Un*furl", v. t. & i. Etym: [1st pref. un- + furl.]
Defn: To loose from a furled state; to unfold; to expand; to open or spread; as, to unfurl sails; to unfurl a flag.
UNFURNISH Un*fur"nish, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + furnish.]
Defn: To strip of furniture; to divest; to strip.
UNFUSIBLE Un*fu"si*ble, a.
Defn: Infusible. [R.]
UNGAIN Un*gain", a. Etym: [OE. ungein. See Ungainly.]
Defn: Ungainly; clumsy; awkward; also, troublesome; inconvenient. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Beau. & Pl.
UNGAINLINESS Un*gain"li*ness, n.
Defn: The state or quality of being ungainly; awkwardness.
UNGAINLY Un*gain"ly, a. Etym: [OE. ungeinliche, adv., fr. ungein inconvenient; un- + Icel. gegn ready, serviceable; adv., against, opposite. See Un- not, and Gain, a., Again.]
1. Not gainly; not expert or dexterous; clumsy; awkward; uncouth; as, an ungainly strut in walking. His ungainly figure and eccentric manners. Macaulay.
2. Unsuitable; unprofitable. [Obs.] Hammond.
UNGAINLY Un*gain"ly, adv.
Defn: In an ungainly manner.
UNGEAR Un*gear", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + gear.]
Defn: To strip of gear; to unharness; to throw out of gear.
UNGELD Un*geld", n. Etym: [Pref. un- not + geld payment.] (Anglo-Sax. Law)
Defn: A person so far out of the protection of the law, that if he were murdered, no geld, or fine, should be paid, or composition made by him that killed him. Cowell. Burrill.
UNGENEROUS Un*gen"er*ous, a.
Defn: Not generous; illiberal; ignoble; unkind; dishonorable. The victor never will impose on Cato Ungenerous terms. Addison.
UNGENEROUSLY Un*gen"er*ous*ly, adv.
Defn: In an ungenerous manner.
UNGENITURED Un*gen"i*tured, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + geniture.]
Defn: Destitute of genitals; impotent. [R.] Shak.
UNGENTLE Un*gen"tle, a.
Defn: Not gentle; lacking good breeding or delicacy; harsh. Vicious, ungentle, foolish, blunt, unkind. Shak. That ungentle flavor which distinguishes nearly all our native and uncultivated grapes. Hawthorne. -- Un*gen"tle*ness, n. -- Un*gen"tly, adv.
UNGET Un*get", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + get.]
Defn: To cause to be unbegotten or unborn, or as if unbegotten or unborn. [R.] I 'll disown you, I 'll disinherit you, I 'll unget you. Sheridan.
UNGIFTED Un*gift"ed, a.
Defn: Being without gifts, especially native gifts or endowments. Cowper.
UNGIRD Un*gird", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + gird.]
Defn: To loose the girdle or band of; to unbind; to unload. He ungirded his camels. Gen. xxiv. 32.
UNGIVE Un*give", v. t. & i. Etym: [1st pref. un- (intensive) + give.]
Defn: To yield; to relax; to give way. [Obs.]
UNGKA Ung"ka, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The siamang; -- called also ungka ape.
UNGKA-PUTI Ung"ka-pu`ti, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The agile gibbon; -- called also ungka-pati, and ungka-etam. See Gibbon.
UNGLAZE Un*glaze", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + glaze.]
Defn: To strip of glass; to remove the glazing, or glass, from, as a window.
UNGLORIFY Un*glo"ri*fy, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + glorify.]
Defn: To deprive of glory. [R.] I. Watts.
UNGLORIOUS Un*glo"ri*ous, a.
Defn: Inglorious. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNGLOVE Un*glove", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + glove.]
Defn: To take off the glove or gloves of; as, to unglove the hand. Beau. & Fl.
UNGLUE Un*glue", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + glue.]
Defn: To separate, part, or open, as anything fastened with glue. She stretches, gapes, unglues her eyes, And asks if it be time to rise. Swift.
UNGOD Un*god", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + god.]
1. To deprive of divinity; to undeify. [R.] Donne.
2. To cause to recognize no god; to deprive of a god; to make atheistical. [R.] Dryden.
UNGODLY Un*god"ly, a.
1. Not godly; not having regard for God; disobedient to God; wicked; impious; sinful.
2. Polluted by sin or wickedness. The hours of this ungodly day. Shak. -- Un*god"li*ly, adv. -- Un*god"li*ness, n.
UNGORED Un*gored", a. Etym: [Pref. un- + gore blood.]
Defn: Not stained with gore; not bloodied. Sylvester.
UNGORED Un*gored", a. Etym: [Pref. un- + gored, p. p. of 3d gore.]
Defn: Not gored or pierced.
UNGOT; UNGOTTEN Un*got", Un*got"ten, a.
1. Not gotten; not acquired.
2. Not begotten. [Obs. or Poetic] "His loins yet full of ungot princes." Waller.
UNGOVERNABLE Un*gov"ern*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not governable; not capable of being governed, ruled, or restrained; licentious; wild; unbridled; as, ungovernable passions. -- Un*gov"ern*a*bly, adv. Goldsmith.
UNGOWN Un*gown", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + gown.]
Defn: To strip of a gown; to unfrock.
UNGOWNED Un*gowned", a.
1. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + gown.]
Defn: Stripped of a gown; unfrocked.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- not + gowned.]
Defn: Not having, or not wearing, a gown.
UNGRACEFUL Un*grace"ful, a.
Defn: Not graceful; not marked with ease and dignity; deficient in beauty and elegance; inelegant; awkward; as, ungraceful manners; ungraceful speech. The other oak remaining a blackened and ungraceful trunk. Sir W. Scott. -- Un*grace"ful*ly, adv. -- Un*grace"ful*ness, n.
UNGRACIOUS Un*gra"cious, a.
1. Not gracious; showing no grace or kindness; being without good will; unfeeling. Shak.
2. Having no grace; graceless; wicked. [Obs.] Shak.
3. Not well received; offensive; unpleasing; unacceptable; not favored. Anything of grace toward the Irish rebels was as ungracious at Oxford as at London. Clarendon. -- Un*gra"cious*ly, adv. -- Un*gra"cious*ness, n.
UNGRATE Un*grate", a.
Defn: Displeasing; ungrateful; ingrate. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
UNGRATEFUL Un*grate"ful, a.
1. Not grateful; not thankful for favors; making no returns, or making ill return for kindness, attention, etc.; ingrateful. South.
2. Unpleasing; unacceptable; disagreeable; as, harsh sounds are ungrateful to the ear. -- Un*grate"ful*ly, adv. -- Un*grate"ful*ness, n.
UNGRAVE Un*grave", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + grave.]
Defn: To raise or remove from the grave; to disinter; to untomb; to exhume. [Obs.] Fuller.
UNGUAL Un"gual, a. Etym: [L. unguis a nail, claw, hoof.]
1. Of or pertaining to a nail, claw, talon, or hoof, or resembling one.
2. Having a nail, claw, or hoof attached; -- said of certain bones of the feet.
UNGUARD Un*guard", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + guard.]
Defn: To deprive of a guard; to leave unprotected. [R.] Sterne.
UNGUEAL Un"gue*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. onguéal. See Ungual.]
Defn: Ungual.
UNGUENT Un"guent, n. Etym: [L. unguentum, from unguere, ungere, to anoint: cf. F. onguent. See Ointment, and cf. Unction, Unctuous.]
Defn: A lubricant or salve for sores, burns, or the like; an ointment. Cowper.
Note: An unguent is stiffer than a liniment, but softer than a cerate.
UNGUENTARY Un"guen*ta*ry, a. Etym: [L. unguentarius.]
Defn: Like an unguent, or partaking of its qualities.
UNGUENTOUS Un*guen"tous, a.
Defn: Unguentary.
UNGUESTLIKE Un*guest"like, adv.
Defn: In a manner not becoming to a guest. [R.] Milton.
UNGUICAL Un"guic*al, a. Etym: [L. unguis a nail or claw. Cf. Ungual.]
Defn: Ungual.
UNGUICULAR Un*guic"u*lar, a. Etym: [L. unguiculus, dim. of unguis a nail.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to a claw or a nail; ungual.
UNGUICULATA Un*guic`u*la"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. unguiculus a finger nail.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An extensive division of Mammalia including those having claws or nails, as distinguished from the hoofed animals (Ungulata).
UNGUICULATE Un*guic"u*late, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the Unguiculata.
UNGUICULATE; UNGUICULATED Un*guic"u*late, Un*guic"u*la`ted, a.
1. Furnished with nails, claws, or hooks; clawed. See the Note under Nail, n., 1.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: Furnished with a claw, or a narrow stalklike base, as the petals of a carnation.
UNGUIFEROUS Un*guif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. unguis nail or claw + -ferous.]
Defn: Producing, having, or supporting nails or claws.
UNGUIFORM Un"gui*form, a. Etym: [L. unguis a nail or claw + -form.]
Defn: Having the form of a claw or claws.
UNGUINOUS Un"gui*nous, a. Etym: [L. unguinosus, fr. unguen, -inis, fat, ointment.]
Defn: Consisting of, or resembling, fat or oil; oily; unctuous; oleaginous.
UNGUIS Un"guis, n.; pl. Ungues. Etym: [L., nail, claw, or hoof.]
1. The nail, claw, talon, or hoof of a finger, toe, or other appendage.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the terminal hooks on the foot of an insect.
3. (Bot.)
Defn: The slender base of a petal in some flowers; a claw; called also ungula.
UNGULA Un"gu*la, n.; pl. Ungulæ. Etym: [L., a claw, hoof, from unguis a nail, claw, hoof.]
1. A hoof, claw, or talon.
2. (Geom.)
Defn: A section or part of a cylinder, cone, or other solid of revolution, cut off by a plane oblique to the base; -- so called from its resemblance to the hoof of a horse.
3. (Bot.)
Defn: Same as Unguis, 3. Spherical ungula (Geom.), a part of a sphere bounded by two planes intersecting in a diameter and by a line of the surface of the sphere.
UNGULAR Un"gu*lar, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to a hoof, claw, or talon; ungual.
UNGULATA Un`gu*la"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. ungula hoof.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An extensive group of mammals including all those that have hoofs. It comprises the Artiodactyla and Perissodactyla.
UNGULATE Un"gu*late, a. Etym: [L. ungulatus. See Ungula.]
1. Shaped like a hoof.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Furnished with hoofs. See the Note under Nail, n., 1.
UNGULATE Un"gu*late, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any hoofed quadruped; one of the Ungulata.
UNGULED Un"guled, a. Etym: [L. ungula a claw.] (Her.)
Defn: Hoofed, or bearing hoofs; -- used only when these are of a tincture different from the body.
UNGULIGRADE Un"gu*li*grade, a. Etym: [L. ungula hoof + gradi to walk.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having, or walking on, hoofs.
UNGULOUS Un"gu*lous, a. Etym: [See Ungula.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Ungulate.
UNHAIR Un*hair", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hair.]
Defn: To deprive of hair, or of hairs; as, to unhair hides for leather. I 'll unhair thy head. Shak.
UNHALLOW Un*hal"low, v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hallow.]
Defn: To profane; to desecrate. The vanity unhallows the virtue. L'Estrange.
UNHALLOWED Un*hal"lowed, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + hallowed.]
Defn: Not consecrated; hence, profane; unholy; impious; wicked. In the cause of truth, no unhallowed violence . . . is either necessary or admissible. E. D. Griffin.
UNHAND Un*hand", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hand.]
Defn: To loose from the hand; to let go. Hold off! unhand me, gray beard loon! Eftsoons his hand dropped he. Coleridge.
UNHANDSOME Un*hand"some, a.
1. Not handsome; not beautiful; ungraceful; not comely or pleasing; plain; homely. Were she other than she is, she were unhandsome. Shak. I can not admit that there is anything unhandsome or irregular . . . in the globe. Woodward.
2. Wanting noble or amiable qualities; dishonorable; illiberal; low; disingenuous; mean; indecorous; as, unhandsome conduct, treatment, or imputations. "Unhandsome pleasures." J. Fletcher.
3. Unhandy; clumsy; awkward; inconvenient. [Obs.] The ships were unwieldy and unhandsome. Holland. A narrow, straight path by the water's side, very unhandsome for an army to pass that way, though they found not a man to keep the passage. Sir T. North. -- Un*hand"some*ly, adv. -- Un*hand"some*ness, n.
UNHANDY Un*hand"y, a.
Defn: Clumsy; awkward; as, an Unhandy man.
UNHANG Un*hang", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hang.]
1. To divest or strip of hangings; to remove the hangings, as a room.
2. To remove (something hanging or swinging) from that which supports it; as, to unhang a gate.
UNHAP Un*hap", n.
Defn: Ill luck; misfortune. [Obs.] "The cause of her unhap." Sir P. Sidney.
UNHAPPIED Un*hap"pied, a.
Defn: Made unhappy. [Obs.] Shak.
UNHAPPY Un*hap"py, a.
1. Not happy or fortunate; unfortunate; unlucky; as, affairs have taken an unhappy turn.
2. In a degree miserable or wretched; not happy; sad; sorrowful; as, children render their parents unhappy by misconduct.
3. Marked by infelicity; evil; calamitous; as, an unhappy day. "The unhappy morn." Milton.
4. Mischievous; wanton; wicked. [Obs.] Shak. -- Un*hap"pi*ly, adv. -- Un*hap"pi*ness, n.
UNHARBOR Un*har"bor, v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + harbor.]
Defn: To drive from harbor or shelter.
UNHARBORED Un*har"bored, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + harbored.]
1. Having no harbor or shelter; unprotected.
2. Affording no harbor or shelter. "Unharbored heaths." [Obs.] Milton.
UNHARMONIOUS Un`har*mo"ni*ous, a.
Defn: Inharmonious; unsymmetrical; also, unmusical; discordant. Swift. -- Un`har*mo"ni*ous*ly, adv.
UNHARNESS Un*har"ness, v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + harness.]
1. To strip of harness; to loose from harness or gear; as, to unharness horses or oxen. Cowper.
2. To disarm; to divest of armor. Holinshed.
UNHASP Un*hasp", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hasp.]
Defn: To unloose the hasp of; to unclose.
UNHAT Un*hat", v. t. & i. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hat.]
Defn: To take off the hat of; to remove one's hat, especially as a mark of respect. H. Spenser.
UNHEAD Un*head", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + head.]
1. To take out the head of; as, to unhead a cask.
2. To decapitate; to behead. [Obs.] T. Brown.
UNHEAL Un*heal", n. Etym: [Pref. un- not + heal health.]
Defn: Misfortune; calamity; sickness. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNHEAL Un*heal", v. t.
Defn: To uncover. See Unhele. [Obs.]
UNHEALTH Un"health, n.
Defn: Unsoundness; disease.
UNHEARD Un*heard", a.
1. Not heard; not perceived by the ear; as, words unheard by those present.
2. Not granted an audience or a hearing; not allowed to speak; not having made a defense, or stated one's side of a question; disregarded; unheeded; as, to condemunheard. What pangs I feel, unpitied and unheard! Dryden.
3. Not known to fame; not illustrious or celebrated; obscure. Nor was his name unheard or unadored. Milton. Unheard of. (a) Not heard of; of which there are no tidings. (b) Unknown to fame; obscure. Glanvill.
UNHEARD-OF Un*heard"-of, a.
Defn: New; unprecedented; unparalleled. Swift.
UNHEART Un*heart", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + heart.]
Defn: To cause to lose heart; to dishearten. [Obs.] Shak.
UNHEEDY Un*heed"y, a.
Defn: Incautious; precipitate; heedless. [Obs.] Milton.
UNHEIRED Un*heired", a.
Defn: Destitute of an heir. To leave him utterly unheired. Chapman.
UNHELE Un*hele", n.
Defn: Same as Unheal, n. [Obs.]
UNHELE Un*hele", v. t. Etym: [AS. unhelian. See 1st Un-, and Hele to cover.]
Defn: To uncover. [Obs.] Spenser. Marston.
UNHELM Un*helm", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + helm.]
Defn: To deprive of the helm or helmet. Sir W. Scott.
UNHELMED Un*helmed", a.
1. Etym: [Properly p. p. of unhelm.]
Defn: Divested or deprived of the helm or helmet.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- not + helm.]
Defn: Not wearing a helmet; without a helmet. Sir W. Scott.
UNHELMET Un*hel"met, v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + helmet.]
Defn: To deprive of the helmet. Sir W. Scott.
UNHIDE Un*hide", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hide.]
Defn: To bring out from concealment; to discover. [Obs.] P. Fletcher.
UNHINGE Un*hinge", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hinge.]
1. To take from the hinges; as, to unhinge a door.
2. To displace; to unfix by violence. Blackmore.
3. To render unstable or wavering; to unsettle; as, to unhinge one's mind or opinions; to unhinge the nerves. Why should I then unhinge my brains, ruin my mind South. His sufferings, nay the revolutions of his fate, had not in the least unhinged his mind. Walpole.
UNHINGEMENT Un*hinge"ment, n.
Defn: The act unhinging, or the state of being unhinged.
UNHITCH Un*hitch", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hitch.]
Defn: To free from being hitched, or as if from being hitched; to unfasten; to loose; as, to unhitch a horse, or a trace.
UNHIVE Un*hive", v. t. v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hive.]
1. To drive or remove from a hive.
2. To deprive of habitation or shelter, as a crowd.
UNHOARD Un*hoard", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hoard.]
Defn: To take or steal from a hoard; to pilfer. Milton.
UNHOLD Un*hold", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hold.]
Defn: To cease to hold; to unhand; to release. [Obs.] Otway.
UNHOLY Un*ho"ly, a.
Defn: Not holy; unhallowed; not consecrated; hence, profane; wicked; impious. -- Un*ho"li*ly, adv. -- Un*ho"li*ness, n.
UNHONEST Un*hon"est, a.
Defn: Dishonest; dishonorable. Ascham. -- Un*hon"est*ly, adv. Udall.
UNHOOD Un*hood", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hood.]
Defn: To remove a hood or disguise from. Quarterly Rev.
UNHOOK Un*hook", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hook.]
Defn: To loose from a hook; to undo or open by loosening or unfastening the hooks of; as, to unhook a fish; to unhook a dress.
UNHOOP Un*hoop", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + hoop.]
Defn: To strip or deprive of hoops; to take away the hoops of.
UNHOPED Un*hoped", a.
Defn: Not hoped or expected. "With unhoped success." Dryden. Blessings of friends, which to my door Unasked, unhoped, have come. J. N. Newman.
UNHOPED-FOR Un*hoped"-for, a.
Defn: Unhoped; unexpected.
UNHORSE Un*horse", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + horse.]
Defn: To throw from a horse; to cause to dismount; also, to take a horse or horses from; as, to unhorse a rider; to unhorse a carriage. Cowper.
UNHOSED Un*hosed", a.
Defn: Without hose.
UNHOSPITABLE Un*hos"pi*ta*ble, a.
Defn: Inhospitable.
UNHOUSE Un*house", v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + house.]
Defn: To drive from a house or habitation; to dislodge; hence, to deprive of shelter.
UNHOUSED Un*housed", a.
1. Etym: [Properly p. p. of unhouse.]
Defn: Driven from a house; deprived of shelter.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- + housed.]
Defn: Not provided with a house or shelter; houseless; homeless.
UNHOUSELED Un*hou"seled, a.
Defn: Not having received the sacrament. [Obs.] [Written also unhouselled.] To die like the houseless dog on yonder common, unshriven and unhouseled. Sir W. Scott.
UNHUMAN Un*hu"man, a.
Defn: Not human; inhuman.
UNHUMANIZE Un*hu"man*ize, v. t. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + humanize.]
Defn: To render inhuman or barbarous. J. Barlow.
UNHUSKED Un*husked", a.
1. Etym: [Pref. un- not + husked.]
Defn: Not husked; having the husk on.
2. Etym: [1 st pref. un- + husk, n.]
Defn: Having the husk removed; without husk. Bp. Hall.
UNI- U"ni-. Etym: [L. unus one. See One.]
Defn: A prefix signifying one, once; as in uniaxial, unicellular.
UNIAT; UNIATE U"ni*at, U"ni*ate, n. (Eccl.)
Defn: A member of the Greek Church, who nevertheless acknowledges the supremacy of the Pope of Rome; one of the United Greeks. Also used adjectively.
UNIAXAL U`ni*ax"al, a. Etym: [Uni + axal.]
Defn: Uniaxial. -- U`ni*ax"al*ly, adv.
UNIAXIAL U`ni*ax"i*al, a. Etym: [Uni + axial.]
1. (Crystallog.)
Defn: Having but one optic axis, or line of no double refraction.
Note: In uniaxial crystals, the optic axis has the direction of the vertical crystallographic axis. All tetragonal and hexagonal crystals are uniaxial.
2. (Biol.)
Defn: Having only one axis; developing along a single line or plane; -- opposed to multiaxial.
UNIAXIALLY U`ni*ax"i*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a uniaxial manner.
UNIBRANCHIATE U`ni*bran"chi*ate, a. Etym: [Uni- + branchiate.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having but one gill, as certain molluscs.
UNICAMERAL U`ni*cam"e*ral, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. camera vault.]
Defn: Having, or consisting of, a single chamber; -- said of a legislative assembly. [R.] F. Lieber.
UNICAPSULAR U`ni*cap"su*lar. Etym: [Uni- + capsular: cf. F. unicapsulaire.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having but one capsule to each flower.
UNICARINATED U`ni*car"i*na`ted, a. Etym: [Uni- + carinated.]
Defn: Having one ridge or keel. Craig.
UNICELLED U"ni*celled`, a. Etym: [Uni- + cell.] (Biol.)
Defn: Unicellular.
UNICELLULAR U`ni*cel"lu*lar, a. Etym: [Uni- + cellular.]
Defn: Having, or consisting of, but a single cell; as, a unicellular organism.
UNICENTRAL U`ni*cen"tral, a. Etym: [Uni- + central.] (Biol.)
Defn: Having a single center of growth. Unicentral development, that form of development which takes place primarily around a single central point, as in the lowest of unicellular organisms.
UNICITY U*nic"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. unicus single. See Unique.]
Defn: The condition of being united; quality of the unique; unification. Not unity, but what the schoolmen call unicity. De Quincey. The unicity we strive not to express, for that is impossible, but to designate by the nearest analogy. Coleridge.
UNICLINAL U`ni*cli"nal, a. Etym: [Uni- + Gr. (Geol.)
Defn: See Nonoclinal.
UNICOLOROUS U`ni*col"or*ous, a. Etym: [Uni- + color.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having the surface of a uniform color.
UNICORN U"ni*corn, n. Etym: [OE. unicorne, F. unicorne, L. unicornis one- horned, having a single horn; unus one + cornu a horn; cf. L. unicornuus a unicorn. See One, and Horn.]
1. A fabulous animal with one horn; the monoceros; -- often represented in heraldry as a supporter.
2. A two-horned animal of some unknown kind, so called in the Authorized Version of the Scriptures. Canst thou bind the unicorn with his band in the furrow Job xxxix. 10.
Note: The unicorn mentioned in the Scripture was probably the urus. See the Note under Reem.
3. (Zoöl.) (a) Any large beetle having a hornlike prominence on the head or prothorax. (b) The larva of a unicorn moth.
4. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The kamichi; -- called also unicorn bird.
5. (Mil.)
Defn: A howitzer. [Obs.] Fossil unicorn, or Fossil unicorn's horn (Med.), a substance formerly of great repute in medicine; -- named from having been supposed to be the bone or the horn of the unicorn. -- Unicorn fish, Unicorn whale (Zoöl.), the narwhal. -- Unicorn moth (Zoöl.), a notodontian moth (Coelodasys unicornis) whose caterpillar has a prominent horn on its back; -- called also unicorn prominent. -- Unicorn root (Bot.), a name of two North American plants, the yellow-flowered colicroot (Aletris farinosa) and the blazing star (Chamælirium luteum). Both are used in medicine. -- Unicorn shell (Zoöl.), any one of several species of marine gastropods having a prominent spine on the lip of the shell. Most of them belong to the genera Monoceros and Leucozonia.
UNICORNOUS U`ni*cor"nous, a. Etym: [See Unicorn.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having but a single horn; -- said of certain insects. "Unicornous beetles." Sir T. Browne.
UNICOSTATE U`ni*cos"tate, a. Etym: [Uni- + costate.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having a single rib or strong nerve running upward from the base; -- said of a leaf.
UNICURSAL U`ni*cur"sal, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. currere, cursum, to run.] (Geom.)
Defn: That can be passed over in a single course; -- said of a curve when the coördinates of the point on the curve can be expressed as rational algebraic functions of a single parameter th.
Note: As th varies minus infinity to plus infinity, to each value of th there corresponds one, and only one, point of the curve, while to each point on the curve there corresponds one, and only one, value of th. Straight lines, conic sections, curves of the third order with a nodal point, curves of the fourth order with three double points, etc., are unicursal.
UNIDEAED Un`i*de"aed, a.
Defn: Having no ideas; senseless; frivolous. "Unideaed girls." Mrs. Hemans. He [Bacon] received the unideaed page [Villiers] into his intimacy. Lord Campbell.
UNIDEAL Un`i*de"al, a.
1. Not ideal; real; unimaginative.
2. Unideaed. [R.] Johnson.
UNIDIMENSIONAL Un`i*di*men"sion*al, a. Etym: [Uni- + dimensional.] (Math.)
Defn: Having but one dimension. See Dimension.
UNIFACIAL U`ni*fa"cial, a. Etym: [Uni- + facial.]
Defn: Having but one front surface; as, some foliaceous corals are unifacial, the polyp mouths being confined to one surface.
UNIFIC U*nif"ic, a.
Defn: Making one or unity; unifying.
UNIFICATION U`ni*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [See Unify.]
Defn: The act of unifying, or the state of being unified. Unification with God was the final aim of the Neoplatonicians. Fleming.
UNIFIER U"ni*fi`er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, unifies; as, a natural law is a unifier of phenomena.
UNIFILAR U`ni*fi"lar, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. filum a thread.]
Defn: Having only one thread; involving the use of only one thread, wire, fiber, or the like; as, unifilar suspension. Unifilar magnetometer (Physics), an instrument which consists of a magnetic bar suspended at its center of gravity by a long thread, constituting a delicate means for accurately measuring magnetic intensities, also for determining declinations of the magnetic needle.
UNIFLAGELLATE U`ni*fla*gel"late, a. Etym: [Uni- + flagellate.] (Biol.)
Defn: Having but one flagellum; as, uniflagellate organisms.
UNIFLOROUS U`ni*flo"rous, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. flos, floris, a flower: cf. F. uniflore.] (Bot.)
Defn: Bearing one flower only; as, a uniflorous peduncle.
UNIFOLLIATE U`ni*fol"li*ate, a. Etym: [Uni- + foliate.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having only one leaf.
UNIFOLLILATE U`ni*fol"li*late, a. Etym: [Uni- + foliolate.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having only one leaflet, as the leaves of the orange tree.
UNIFORM U"ni*form, a. Etym: [L. uniformis; unus one + forma from: cf. F. uniforme.]
1. Having always the same form, manner, or degree; not varying or variable; unchanging; consistent; equable; homogenous; as, the dress of the Asiatics has been uniform from early ages; the temperature is uniform; a stratum of uniform clay. Whewell.
2. Of the same form with others; agreeing with each other; conforming to one rule or mode; consonant. The only doubt is . . . how far churches are bound to be uniform in their ceremonies. Hooker. Uniform matter, that which is all of the same kind and texture; homogenous matter. -- Uniform motion, the motion of a body when it passes over equal spaces in equal times; equable motion. Hutton.
UNIFORM U"ni*form, n. Etym: [F. uniforme. See Uniform, a.]
Defn: A dress of a particular style or fashion worn by persons in the same service or order by means of which they have a distinctive appearance; as, the uniform of the artillery, of the police, of the Freemasons, etc. There are many things which, a soldier will do in his plain clothes which he scorns to do in his uniform. F. W. Robertson. In full uniform (Mil.), wearing the whole of the prescribed uniform, with ornaments, badges of rank, sash, side arms, etc. -- Uniform sword, an officer's sword of the regulation pattern prescribed for the army or navy.
UNIFORM U"ni*form, v. t.
1. To clothe with a uniform; as, to uniform a company of soldiers.
2. To make conformable. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
UNIFORMAL U`ni*form"al, a.
Defn: Uniform. [Obs.] Herrick.
UNIFORMISM U"ni*form`ism, n. Etym: [From Uniform.] (Geol.)
Defn: The doctrine of uniformity in the geological history of the earth; -- in part equivalent to uniformitarianism, but also used, more broadly, as opposed to catastrophism.
UNIFORMITARIAN U`ni*form`i*ta"ri*an, a. (Geol.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, the view or doctrine that existing causes, acting in the same manner and with essentially the same intensity as at the present time, are sufficient to account for all geological changes.
UNIFORMITARIAN U`ni*form`i*ta"ri*an, n. (Geol.)
Defn: One who accepts uniformitarianism, or the uniformitarian doctrine.
UNIFORMITARIANISM U`ni*form`i*ta"ri*an*ism, n. (Geol.)
Defn: The uniformitarian doctrine.
UNIFORMITY U`ni*form"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. uniformitas: cf. F. uniformité.]
1. The quality or state of being uniform; freedom from variation or difference; resemblance to itself at all times; sameness of action, effect, etc., under like conditions; even tenor; as, the uniformity of design in a poem; the uniformity of nature.
2. Consistency; sameness; as, the uniformity of a man's opinions.
3. Similitude between the parts of a whole; as, the uniformity of sides in a regular figure; beauty is said to consist in uniformity with variety.
4. Continued or unvaried sameness or likeness.
5. Conformity to a pattern or rule; resemblance, consonance, or agreement; as, the uniformity of different churches in ceremonies or rites. Act of Uniformity (Eng. Hist.), an act of Parliament, passed in 1661, prescribing the form of public prayers, administration of sacraments, and other rites of the Established Church of England. Its provisions were modified by the "Act of Uniformity Amendment Act," of 1872.
UNIFORMLY U"ni*form`ly, adv.
Defn: In a uniform manner; without variation or diversity; by a regular, constant, or common ratio of change; with even tenor; as, a temper uniformly mild. To vary uniformly (Math.), to vary with the ratio of the corresponding increments constant; -- said of two dependent quantities with regard to each other.
UNIFROMNESS U"ni*from`ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being uniform; uniformity.
UNIFY U"ni*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Unified; p. pr. & vb. n. Unifying.] Etym: [Uni- + -fy: cf. F. unifier.]
Defn: To cause to be one; to make into a unit; to unite; to view as one. A comprehensive or unifying act of the judging faculty. De Quincey. Perception is thus a unifying act. Sir W. Hamilton.
UNIGENITURE U`ni*gen"i*ture, n. Etym: [L. unigenitus only-begotten; unus one + gignere, genitum, to beget.]
Defn: The state of being the only begotten. [R.] Bp. Pearson.
UNIGENOUS U*nig"e*nous, a. Etym: [L. unigena; unus one + genere, gignere, to beget.] (Biol.)
Defn: Being of one kind; being of the same genus.
UNIJUGATE U*nij"u*gate, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. jugum yoke, pair: cf. L. unijugus having one yoke.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having but one pair of leaflets; -- said of a pinnate leaf.
UNILABIATE U`ni*la"bi*ate, a. Etym: [Uni- + labiate.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having one lip only; as, a unilabiate corolla.
UNILATERAL U`ni*lat"er*al, a. Etym: [Uni- + lateral: cf. F. unilatéral.]
1. Being on one side only; affecting but one side; one-sided.
2. (Biol.)
Defn: Pertaining to one side; one-sided; as, a unilateral raceme, in which the flowers grow only on one side of a common axis, or are all turned to one side. Unilateral contract (Law), a contract or engagement requiring future action only by one party.
UNILITERAL U`ni*lit"er*al, a. Etym: [Uni- + literal.]
Defn: Consisting of one letter only; as, a uniliteral word or sign.
UNILOBAR U`ni*lo"bar, a. Etym: [Uni- + lobar.]
Defn: Consisting of a single lobe.
UNILOCULAR U`ni*loc"u*lar, a. Etym: [Uni- + locular: cf. F. uniloculaire.] (Biol.)
Defn: Having one cell or cavity only; as, a unilocular capsule or shell.
UNIMITABLE Un*im"i*ta*ble, a.
Defn: Inimitable. [Obs.]
UNIMPAIRABLE Un`im*pair"a*ble, a.
Defn: That can not be impaired. Hakewill.
UNIMPEACHABLE Un`im*peach"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not impeachable; not to be called in question; exempt from liability to accusation; free from stain, guilt, or fault; irreproachable; blameless; as, an unimpeachable reputation; unimpeachable testimony. Burke. -- Un`im*peach"a*ble*ness, n. -- Un`im*peach"a*bly, adv.
UNIMPLICATE Un*im"pli*cate, a.
Defn: Not implicated. "Unimplicate in folly." R. Browning.
UNIMPORTANCE Un`im*por"tance, n.
Defn: Want of importance; triviality. Johnson.
UNIMPROVED Un`im*proved", a.
1. Not improved; not made better or wiser; not advanced in knowledge, manners, or excellence.
2. Not used; not employed; especially, not used or employed for a valuable purpose; as, unimproved opportunities; unimproved blessings. Cowper.
3. Not tilled, cultivated, or built upon; yielding no revenue; as, unimproved land or soil.
UNIMUSCULAR U`ni*mus"cu*lar, a. Etym: [Uni- muscular.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having only one adductor muscle, and one muscular impression on each valve, as the oyster; monomyarian.
UNINCUMBERED Un`in*cum"bered, a.
1. Not incumbered; not burdened.
2. (Law)
Defn: Free from any temporary estate or interest, or from mortgage, or other charge or debt; as, an estate unincumbered with dower.
UNINFRINGIBLE Un`in*frin"gi*ble, a.
Defn: That may not be infringed; as, an uninfringible monopoly.
UNINTELLIGENCE Un`in*tel"li*gence, n.
Defn: Absence or lack of intelligence; unwisdom; ignorance. Bp. Hall.
UNINTERESSED Un*in"ter*essed, a.
Defn: Uninterested; unaffected. [Obs.] Glanvill.
UNINTERESTED Un*in"ter*est*ed, a.
1. Not interested; not having any interest or property in; having nothing at stake; as, to be uninterested in any business.
2. Not having the mind or the passions engaged; as, uninterested in a discourse or narration.
UNINTERMISSION Un*in`ter*mis"sion, n.
Defn: Want or failure of intermission. [R.] Bp. Parker.
UNINUCLEATED U`ni*nu"cle*a`ted, a. Etym: [Uni- + nucleated.] (Biol.)
Defn: Possessed of but a single nucleus; as, a uninucleated cell.
UNIO U"ni*o, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. unio unity, union, a single large pearl. See Union.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of fresh-water mussels belonging to Unio and many allied genera.
UNIOCULAR U`ni*oc"u*lar, a. Etym: [Uni- + ocular.]
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or seated in, one eye; monocular.
UNION Un"ion, n. Etym: [F., from L. unio oneness, union, a single large pearl, a kind of onion, fr. unus one. See One, and cf. Onion, Unit.]
1. The act of uniting or joining two or more things into one, or the state of being united or joined; junction; coalition; combination.
Note: Union differs from connection, as it implies that the bodies are in contact, without an interconnected by the in
2. Agreement and conjunction of mind, spirit, will, affections, or the like; harmony; concord.
3. That which is united, or made one; something formed by a combination or coalition of parts or members; a confederation; a consolidated body; a league; as, the weavers have formed a union; trades unions have become very numerous; the United States of America are often called the Union. A. Hamilton.
4. A textile fabric composed of two or more materials, as cotton, silk, wool, etc., woven together.
5. A large, fine pearl. [Obs.] If they [pearls] be white, great, round, smooth, and weighty . . . our dainties and delicates here at Rome . . . call them unions, as a man would say "singular," and by themselves alone. Holland. In the cup an union shall he throw, Richer than that which four successive kings In Denmark's crown have worn. Shak.
6. A device emblematic of union, used on a national flag or ensign, sometimes, as in the military standard of Great Britain, covering the whole field; sometimes, as in the flag of the United States, and the English naval and marine flag, occupying the upper inner corner, the rest of the flag being called the fly. Also, a flag having such a device; especially, the flag of Great Britain.
Note: The union of the United States ensign is a cluster of white stars, denoting the union of the States, and, properly, equal in number to that of the States, displayed on a blue field; the fly being composed of alternate stripes of red and white. The union of the British ensign is the three crosses of St. George, St. Andrew, and St. Patrick in combination, denoting the union of England, Scotland and Ireland, displayed on a blue field in the national banner used on shore, on a red, white, or blue field in naval ensigns, and with a white border or fly in the merchant service.
7. (Mach.)
Defn: A joint or other connection uniting parts of machinery, or the like, as the elastic pipe of a tender connecting it with the feed pipe of a locomotive engine; especially, a pipe fitting for connecting pipes, or pipes and fittings, in such a way as to facilitate disconnection.
8. (Brewing)
Defn: A cask suspended on trunnions, in which fermentation is carried on. Hypostatic union (Theol.) See under Hypostatic. -- Latin union. See under Latin. -- Legislative Union (Eng. Hist.), the union of Great Britain and Ireland, which took place Jan. 1, 1801. -- Union, or Act of Union (Eng. Hist.), the act by which Scotland was united to England, or by which the two kingdoms were incorporated into one, in 1707. -- Union by the first, or second, intention. (Surg.) See To heal by the first, or second, intention, under Intention. -- Union down (Naut.), a signal of distress at sea made by reversing the flag, or turning its union downward. -- Union jack. (Naut.) See Jack, n., 10. -- Union joint. (Mech.) (a) A joint formed by means of a union. (b) A piece of pipe made in the form of the letter T.
Syn. -- Unity; junction; connection; concord; alliance; coalition; combination; confederacy. -- Union, Unity. Union is the act of bringing two or more things together so as to make but one, or the state of being united into one. Unity is a state of simple oneness, either of essence, as the unity of God, or of action, feeling, etc., as unity of design, of affection, etc. Thus, we may speak of effecting a union of interests which shall result in a unity of labor and interest in securing a given object. One kingdom, joy, and union without end. Milton. [Man] is to . . . beget Like of his like, his image multiplied. In unity defective; which requires Collateral love, and dearest amity. Milton.
UNIONISM Un"ion*ism, n.
1. The sentiment of attachment to a federal union, especially to the federal union of the United States.
2. The principles, or the system, of combination among workmen engaged in the same occupation or trade.
UNIONIST Un"ion*ist, n.
1. One who advocates or promotes union; especially a loyal supporter of a federal union, as that of the United States.
2. A member or supporter of a trades union.
UNIONISTIC Un`ion*is"tic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to union or unionists; tending to promote or preserve union.
UNIOVULATE U`ni*o"vu*late, a. Etym: [Uni- + ovulate.] (Bot.)
Defn: Containing but one ovule.
UNIPARA U*nip"a*ra, n. Etym: [NL. See Uniparous.]
Defn: A woman who has borne one child.
UNIPAROUS U*nip"a*rous, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. parere to bring forth.]
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Producing but one egg or young at a time.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: Producing but one axis of inflorescence; -- said of the scorpioid cyme.
UNIPED U"ni*ped, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. pes, pedis, foot.]
Defn: Having only one foot. Wright.
UNIPERSONAL U"ni*per"son*al, a. Etym: [Uni- + personal.]
1. Existing as one, and only one, person; as, a unipersonal God.
2. (Gram.)
Defn: Used in only one person, especially only in the third person, as some verbs; impersonal.
UNIPERSONALIST U`ni*per"so*nal*ist, n. (Theol.)
Defn: One who believes that the Deity is unipersonal.
UNIPHONOUS U*niph"o*nous, a. Etym: [Uni- + Gr.
Defn: Having but one sound, as the drum. [R.]
UNIPLICATE U*nip"li*cate, a. Etym: [Uni- + plicate.]
Defn: Having, or consisting of, but one fold.
UNIPOLAR U`ni*po"lar, a. Etym: [Uni- + polar.]
1. (Physics)
Defn: Having, or acting by means of, one pole only.
2. (Anat.)
Defn: Having but one pole or process; -- applied to those ganglionic nerve cells which have but one radiating process; -- opposed to multipolar. Unipolar induction (Elec.), induction, as in a conducting circuit, by only one pole of a magnet. -- Unipolar stimulation (Physiol.), the simulation sometimes produced when one electrode of an induction apparatus is applied to a nerve; -- called also unipolar induction action. Du Bois-Reymond.
UNIQUE U*nique", a. Etym: [F. unique; cf. It. unico; from L. unicus, from unus one. See One.]
Defn: Being without a like or equal; unmatched; unequaled; unparalleled; single in kind or excellence; sole. -- U*nique"ly, adv. -- U*nique"ness, n.
UNIQUE U*nique", n.
Defn: A thing without a like; something unequaled or unparalleled. [R.] The phenix, the unique pf birds. De Quincey.
UNIQUITY U*niq"ui*ty, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unique; uniqueness. [R.] Walpole.
UNIRADIATED U`ni*ra"di*a`ted, a. Etym: [Uni- + radiated.]
Defn: Having but one ray.
UNIRAMOUS U`ni*ra"mous, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. ramus branch.] (Biol.)
Defn: Having but one branch.
UNISEPTATE U`ni*sep"tate, a. Etym: [Uni- + septate.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having but one septum, or partition; -- said of two-celled fruits, such as the silicles of cruciferous plants.
UNISERIAL U`ni*se"ri*al, a. Etym: [Uni- + serial.]
Defn: Having only one row or series.
UNISERIATE U`ni*se"ri*ate, a. Etym: [Uni- + seriate.]
Defn: Having one line or series; uniserial. -- U`ni*se"ri*ate*ly, adv.
UNISEXUAL U`ni*sex"u*al, a. Etym: [Uni- + sexual: cf. F. unisexuel.] (Biol.)
Defn: Having one sex only, as plants which have the male and female flowers on separate individuals, or animals in which the sexes are in separate individuals; dioecious; -- distinguished from bisexual, or hermaphrodite. See Dioecious.
UNISILICATE U`ni*sil"i*cate, n. Etym: [Uni- + silicate.] (Min.)
Defn: A salt of orthosilicic acid, H4SiO4; -- so called because the ratio of the oxygen atoms united to the basic metals and silicon respectively is 1:1; for example, Mg2SiO4 or 2MgO.SiO2.
UNISON U"ni*son, n. Etym: [LL. unisonus having the same sound; L. unus one + sonus a sound: cf. F. unisson, It. unisono. See One, and Sound a noise.]
1. Harmony; agreement; concord; union.
2. (Mus.)
Defn: Identity in pitch; coincidence of sounds proceeding from an equality in the number of vibrations made in a given time by two or more sonorous bodies. Parts played or sung in octaves are also said to be in unison, or in octaves.
Note: If two cords of the same substance have equal length, thickness, and tension, they are said to be in unison, and their sounds will be in unison. Sounds of very different qualities and force may be in unison, as the sound of a bell may be in unison with a sound of a flute. Unison, then, consists in identity of pitch alone, irrespective of quality of sound, or timbre, whether of instruments or of human voices. A piece or passage is said to be sung or played in unison when all the voices or instruments perform the same part, in which sense unison is contradistinguished from harmony.
3. A single, unvaried. [R.] Pope. In unison, in agreement; agreeing in tone; in concord.
UNISON U"ni*son, a. Etym: [Cf. It. unisono. See Unison, n.]
1. Sounding alone. [Obs.] [sounds] intermixed with voice, Choral or unison. Milton.
2. (Mus.)
Defn: Sounded alike in pitch; unisonant; unisonous; as, unison passages, in which two or more parts unite in coincident sound.
UNISONAL U*nis"o*nal, a.
Defn: Being in unison; unisonant. -- U*nis"o*nal*ly, adv.
UNISONANCE U*nis"o*nance, n. Etym: [See Unisonant.]
Defn: Accordance of sounds; unison.
UNISONANT U*nis"o*nant, a. Etym: [Uni- + sonant. See Unison.]
Defn: Being in unison; having the same degree of gravity or acuteness; sounded alike in pitch.
UNISONOUS U*nis"o*nous, a. Etym: [See Unison.]
Defn: Being in unison; unisonant. Busby.
UNIT U"nit, n. Etym: [Abbrev. from unity.]
1. A single thing or person.
2. (Arith.)
Defn: The least whole number; one. Units are the integral parts of any large number. I. Watts.
3. A gold coin of the reign of James I., of the value of twenty shillings. Camden.
4. Any determinate amount or quantity (as of length, time, heat, value) adopted as a standard of measurement for other amounts or quantities of the same kind.
5. (Math.)
Defn: A single thing, as a magnitude or number, regarded as an undivided whole. Abstract unit, the unit of numeration; one taken in the abstract; the number represented by 1. The term is used in distinction from concrete, or determinate, unit, that is, a unit in which the kind of thing is expressed; a unit of measure or value; as 1 foot, 1 dollar, 1 pound, and the like. -- Complex unit (Theory of Numbers), an imaginary number of the form a + b-1, when a2 + b2 = 1. -- Duodecimal unit, a unit in the scale of numbers increasing or decreasing by twelves. -- Fractional unit, the unit of a fraction; the reciprocal of the denominator; thus, unit of the fraction -- Integral unit, the unit of integral numbers, or 1. -- Physical unit, a value or magnitude conventionally adopted as a unit or standard in physical measurements. The various physical units are usually based on given units of length, mass, and time, and on the density or other properties of some substance, for example, water. See Dyne, Erg, Farad, Ohm, Poundal, etc. -- Unit deme (Biol.), a unit of the inferior order or orders of individuality. -- Unit jar (Elec.), a small, insulated Leyden jar, placed between the electrical machine and a larger jar or battery, so as to announce, by its repeated discharges, the amount of electricity passed into the larger jar. -- Unit of heat (Physics), a determinate quantity of heat adopted as a unit of measure; a thermal unit (see under Thermal). Water is the substance generally employed, the unit being one gram or one pound, and the temperature interval one degree of the Centigrade or Fahrenheit scale. When referred to the gram, it is called the gram degree. The British unit of heat, or thermal unit, used by engineers in England and in the United States, is the quantity of heat necessary to raise one pound of pure water at and near its temperature of greatest density (39.1º Fahr.) through one degree of the Fahrenheit scale. Rankine. -- Unit of illumination, the light of a sperm candle burning 120 grains per hour. Standard gas, burning at the rate of five cubic feet per hour, must have an illuminating power equal to that of fourteen such candles. -- Unit of measure (as of length, surface, volume, dry measure, liquid measure, money, weight, time, and the like), in general, a determinate quantity or magnitude of the kind designated, taken as a standard of comparison for others of the same kind, in assigning to them numerical values, as 1 foot, 1 yard, 1 mile, 1 square foot, 1 square yard, 1 cubic foot, 1 peck, 1 bushel, 1 gallon, 1 cent, 1 ounce, 1 pound, 1 hour, and the like; more specifically, the fundamental unit adopted in any system of weights, measures, or money, by which its several denominations are regulated, and which is itself defined by comparison with some known magnitude, either natural or empirical, as, in the United States, the dollar for money, the pound avoirdupois for weight, the yard for length, the gallon of 8.3389 pounds avoirdupois of water at 39.8º Fahr. (about 231 cubic inches) for liquid measure, etc.; in Great Britain, the pound sterling, the pound troy, the yard, or -- Unit of power. (Mach.) See Horse power. -- Unit of resistance. (Elec.) See Resistance, n., 4, and Ohm. -- Unit of work (Physics), the amount of work done by a unit force acting through a unit distance, or the amount required to lift a unit weight through a unit distance against gravitation. See Erg, Foot Pound, Kilogrammeter. -- Unit stress (Mech. Physics), stress per unit of area; intensity of stress. It is expressed in ounces, pounds, tons, etc., per square inch, square foot, or square yard, etc., or in atmospheres, or inches of mercury or water, or the like.
UNITABLE U*nit"a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of union by growth or otherwise. Owen.
UNITARIAN U`ni*ta"ri*an, n. Etym: [Cf. F. unitaire, unitairien, NL. unitarius. See Unity.]
1. (Theol.)
Defn: One who denies the doctrine of the Trinity, believing that God exists only in one person; a unipersonalist; also, one of a denomination of Christians holding this belief.
2. One who rejects the principle of dualism.
3. A monotheist. [R.] Fleming.
UNITARIAN U`ni*ta"ri*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Unitarians, or their doctrines.
UNITARIANISM U`ni*ta"ri*an*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. unitairianisme.]
Defn: The doctrines of Unitarians.
UNITARIANIZE U`ni*ta"ri*an*ize, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p Unitarianized; p. pr. & vb. n. Unitarianizing.]
Defn: To change or turn to Unitarian views.
UNITARY U"nit*a*ry, a.
1. Of or pertaining to a unit or units; relating to unity; as, the unitary method in arithmetic.
2. Of the nature of a unit; not divided; united. Unitary theory (Chem.), the modern theory that the molecules of all complete compounds are units, whose parts are bound together in definite structure, with mutual and reciprocal influence on each other, and are not mere aggregations of more or less complex groups; -- distinguished from the dualistic theory.
UNITE U*nite", v. t. [imp. & p. p. United; p. pr. & vb. n. Uniting.] Etym: [L. unitus, p. p. of unire to unite, from unus one. See One.]
1. To put together so as to make one; to join, as two or more constituents, to form a whole; to combine; to connect; to join; to cause to adhere; as, to unite bricks by mortar; to unite iron bars by welding; to unite two armies.
2. Hence, to join by a legal or moral bond, as families by marriage, nations by treaty, men by opinions; to join in interest, affection, fellowship, or the like; to cause to agree; to harmonize; to associate; to attach. Under his great vicegerent reign abide, United as one individual soul. Milton. The king proposed nothing more than to unite his kingdom in one form of worship. Clarendon.
Syn. -- To add; join; annex; attach. See Add.
UNITE U*nite", v. i.
1. To become one; to be cemented or consolidated; to combine, as by adhesion or mixture; to coalesce; to grow together.
2. To join in an act; to concur; to act in concert; as, all parties united in signing the petition.
UNITE U*nite", a Etym: [L. unitus, p. p. See Unite, v. t.]
Defn: United; joint; as, unite consent. [Obs.] J. Webster.
UNITED U*nit"ed, a.
Defn: Combined; joined; made one. United Brethren. (Eccl.) See Moravian, n. -- United flowers (Bot.), flowers which have the stamens and pistils in the same flower. -- The United Kingdom, Great Britain and Ireland; -- so named since January 1, 1801, when the Legislative Union went into operation. -- United Greeks (Eccl.), those members of the Greek Church who acknowledge the supremacy of the pope; -- called also uniats.
UNITEDLY U*nit"ed*ly, adv.
Defn: In an united manner. Dryden.
UNITER U*nit"er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, unites.
UNITERABLE U*nit"er*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not iterable; incapable of being repeated. [Obs.] "To play away an uniterable life." Sir T. Browne.
UNITION U*ni"tion, n. Etym: [LL. unitio, from L. unire. See Unite,v. t.]
Defn: The act of uniting, or the state of being united; junction. [Obs.] Wiseman.
UNITIVE U"ni*tive, a. Etym: [LL. unitivus: cf. F. unitif.]
Defn: Having the power of uniting; causing, or tending to produce, union. Jer. Taylor.
UNITIVELY U"ni*tive*ly, adv.
Defn: In a unitive manner. Cudworth.
UNITIZE U"nit*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Unitized; p. pr. & vb. n. Unitizing.]
Defn: To reduce to a unit, or one whole; to form into a unit; to unify.
UNITUDE U"ni*tude, n.
Defn: Unity. [R.] H. Spenser.
UNITY U"ni*ty, n.; pl. Unities. Etym: [OE. unite, F. unité, L. unitas, from unus one. See One, and cf. Unit.]
1. The state of being one; oneness. Whatever we can consider as one thing suggests to the understanding the idea of unity. Locks.
Note: Unity is affirmed of a simple substance or indivisible monad, or of several particles or parts so intimately and closely united as to constitute a separate body or thing. See the Synonyms under Union.
2. Concord; harmony; conjunction; agreement; uniformity; as, a unity of proofs; unity of doctrine. Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity! Ps. cxxxiii. 1.
3. (Math.)
Defn: Any definite quantity, or aggregate of quantities or magnitudes taken as one, or for which 1 is made to stand in calculation; thus, in a table of natural sines, the radius of the circle is regarded as unity.
Note: The number 1, when it is not applied to any particular thing, is generally called unity.
4. (Poetry & Rhet.)
Defn: In dramatic composition, one of the principles by which a uniform tenor of story and propriety of representation are preserved; conformity in a composition to these; in oratory, discourse, etc., the due subordination and reference of every part to the development of the leading idea or the eastablishment of the main proposition.
Note: In the Greek drama, the three unities required were those of action, of time, and of place; that is, that there should be but one main plot; that the time supposed should not exceed twenty-four hours; and that the place of the action before the spectators should be one and the same throughout the piece.
5. (Fine Arts & Mus.)
Defn: Such a combination of parts as to constitute a whole, or a kind of symmetry of style and character.
6. (Law)
Defn: The peculiar characteristics of an estate held by several in joint tenancy.
Note: The properties of it are derived from its unity, which is fourfold; unity of interest, unity of title, unity of time, and unity of possession; in other words, joint tenants have one and the same interest, accruing by one and the same conveyance, commencing at the same time, and held by one and the same undivided possession. Unity of possession is also a joint possession of two rights in the same thing by several titles, as when a man, having a lease of land, afterward buys the fee simple, or, having an easement in the land of another, buys the servient estate.
At unity, at one. -- Unity of type. (Biol.) See under Type.
Syn. -- Union; oneness; junction; concord; harmony. See Union.
UNIVALENCE U*niv"a*lence, n. (Chem.)
Defn: The quality or state of being univalent.
UNIVALENT U*niv"a*lent, a. Etym: [Uni- + L. valens, -entis, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.)
Defn: Having a valence of one; capable of combining with, or of being substituted for, one atom of hydrogen; monovalent; -- said of certain atoms and radicals.
UNIVALVE U"ni*valve, n. Etym: [Uni- + valve: cf. F. univalve.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A shell consisting of one valve only; a mollusk whose shell is composed of a single piece, as the snails and conchs.
Note: Most univalves are spiral and are the shells of gastropods, but many belong to cephalopods and pteropods. A large number of univalves belonging to the gastropods are conical, cup-shaped, or shieldlike, as the limpets.
UNIVALVE; UNIVALVED U"ni*valve, U"ni*valved, a. Etym: [Cf. F. univalve.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)
Defn: Having one valve; as, a univalve shell or pericarp.
UNIVALVIA U`ni*val"vi*a (, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Gastropoda.
UNIVALVULAR U`ni*val"vu*lar, a. (Bot. & Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Univalve, a.
UNIVARIANT U`ni*va"ri*ant, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Having one degree of freedom or variability.
UNIVERSAL U`ni*ver"sal, a. Etym: Etym: [L. universalis: cf. F. universel, OF. also universal. See Universe.]
1. Of or pertaining to the universe; extending to, including, or affecting, the whole number, quantity, or space; unlimited; general; all-reaching; all-pervading; as, universal ruin; universal good; universal benevolence or benefice. "Anointed universal King." Milton. The universal cause Acts not by partial, but by general laws. Pope. This universal frame began. Dryden.
Note: Universal and its derivatives are used in common discourse for general and its derivatives. See General.
2. Constituting or considered as a whole; total; entire; whole; as, the universal world. Shak. At which the universal host up dent A shout that tore Hell's concave. Milton.
3. (Mech.)
Defn: Adapted or adaptable to all or to various uses, shapes, sizes, etc.; as, a universal milling machine.
4. (Logic)
Defn: Forming the whole of a genus; relatively unlimited in extension; affirmed or denied of the whole of a subject; as, a universal proposition; -- opposed to particular; e. g. (universal affirmative) All men are animals; (universal negative) No men are omniscient. Universal chuck (Mach.), a chuck, as for a lathe, having jaws which can be moved simultaneously so as to grasp objects of various sizes. -- Universal church, the whole church of God in the world; the catholic church. See the Note under Catholic, a., 1. -- Universal coupling. (Mach.) Same as Universal joint, below. -- Universal dial, a dial by which the hour may be found in any part of the world, or under any elevation of the pole. -- Universal instrument (Astron.), a species of altitude and azimuth instrument, the peculiarity of which is, that the object end of the telescope is placed at right angles to the eye end, with a prism of total reflection at the angle, and the eye end constitutes a portion of the horizontal axis of the instrument, having the eyepiece at the pivot and in the center of the altitude circle, so that the eye has convenient access to both at the same time. -- Universal joint (Mach.), a contrivance used for joining two shafts or parts of a machine endwise, so that the one may give rotary motion to the other when forming an angle with it, or may move freely in all directions with respect to the other, as by means of a cross connecting the forked ends of the two shafts (Fig. 1). Since this joint can not act when the angle of the shafts is less than 140º, a double joint of the same kind is sometimes used for giving rotary motion at angles less than 140º (Fig. 2). -- Universal umbel (Bot.), a primary or general umbel; the first or largest set of rays in a compound umbel; -- opposed to partial umbel. A universal involucre is not unfrequently placed at the foot of a universal umbel.
Syn. -- General; all; whole; total. See General.
UNIVERSAL U`ni*ver"sal, n.
1. The whole; the general system of the universe; the universe. [Obs.] Plato calleth God the cause and original, the nature and reason, of the universal. Sir W. Raleigh.
2. (Logic) (a) A general abstract conception, so called from being universally applicable to, or predicable of, each individual or species contained under it. (b) A universal proposition. See Universal, a., 4.
UNIVERSALIAN U`ni*ver*sa"li*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Universalism; Universalist. [R.]
UNIVERSALISM U`ni*ver"sal*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. universalisme.] (Theol.)
Defn: The doctrine or belief that all men will be saved, or made happy, in the future state.
UNIVERSALIST U`ni*ver"sal*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. universaliste.]
1. (Theol.)
Defn: One who believes in Universalism; one of a denomination of Christians holding this faith.
2. One who affects to understand all the particulars in statements or propositions. [Obs.] Bentley.
UNIVERSALIST U`ni*ver"sal*ist, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Unversalists of their doctrines.
UNIVERSALISTIC U`ni*ver`sal*is"tic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the whole; universal.
UNIVERSALITY U`ni*ver*sal"i*ty, n.; pl. Universalties. Etym: [Cf. F. universalité.]
Defn: The quality or state of being universal; unlimited extension or application; generality; -- distinguished from particularity; as, the unversality of a proposition; the unversality of sin; the unversality of the Deluge.
UNIVERSALIZE U`ni*ver"sal*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Universalized; p. pr. & vb. n. Universalizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. universaliser.]
Defn: To make universal; to generalize. Coleridge.
UNIVERSALLY U`ni*ver"sal*ly, adv.
Defn: In a universal manner; without exception; as, God's laws are universally binding on his creatures.
UNIVERSALNESS U`ni*ver"sal*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being universal; universality.
UNIVERSE U"ni*verse, n. Etym: [L. universum, from universus universal; unus one + vertere, versum, to turn, that is, turned into one, combined into one whole; cf. F. univers. See One, and Verse.]
Defn: All created things viewed as constituting one system or whole; the whole body of things, or of phenomena; the mundus of the Latins; the world; creation. How may I Adore thee, Author of this universe And all this good to man! Milton.
UNIVERSITY U`ni*ver"si*ty, n.; pl. Universities. Etym: [OE. universite, L. universitas all together, the whole, the universe, a number of persons associated into one body, a society, corporation, fr. universus all together, universal: cf. F. université. See Universe.]
1. The universe; the whole. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
2. An association, society, guild, or corporation, esp. one capable of having and acquiring property. [Obs.] The universities, or corporate bodies, at Rome were very numerous. There were corporations of bakers, farmers of the revenue, scribes, and others. Eng. Cyc.
3. An institution organized and incorporated for the purpose of imparting instruction, examining students, and otherwise promoting education in the higher branches of literature, science, art, etc., empowered to confer degrees in the several arts and faculties, as in theology, law, medicine, music, etc. A university may exist without having any college connected with it, or it may consist of but one college, or it may comprise an assemblage of colleges established in any place, with professors for instructing students in the sciences and other branches of learning. The present universities of Europe were, originally, the greater part of them, ecclesiastical corporations, instituted for the education of churchmen . . . What was taught in the greater part of those universities was suitable to the end of their institutions, either theology or something that was merely preparatory to theology. A. Smith.
Note: From the Roman words universitas, collegium, corpus, are derived the terms university, college, and corporation, of modern languages; and though these words have obtained modified significations in modern times, so as to indifferently applicable to the same things, they all agree in retaining the fundamental signification of the terms, whatever may have been added to them. There is now no university, college, or corporation, which is not a juristical person in the sense above explained [see def. 2, above]; wherever these words are applied to any association of persons not stamped with this mark, it is an abuse of terms. Eng. Cyc.
UNIVERSITY EXTENSION U`ni*ver"si*ty ex*ten"sion.
Defn: The extension of the advantages of university instruction by means of lectures and classes at various centers.
UNIVERSOLOGICAL U`ni*ver`so*log"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to universology.
UNIVERSOLOGIST U`ni*ver*sol"o*gist, n.
Defn: One who is versed in universology.
UNIVERSOLOGY U`ni*ver*sol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Universe + -logy.]
Defn: The science of the universe, and the relations which it involves.
UNIVOCACY U*niv"o*ca*cy, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being univocal. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
UNIVOCAL U*niv"o*cal, a. Etym: [L. univocus; unus one + vox, vocis, a voice, word. See One, and Voice.]
1. Having one meaning only; -- contrasted with equivocal.
2. Having unison of sound, as the octave in music. See Unison, n., 2.
3. Having always the same drift or tenor; uniform; certain; regular. [R.] Sir T. Browne.
4. Unequivocal; indubitable. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.
UNIVOCAL U*niv"o*cal, n.
1. (Aristotelian Logic)
Defn: A generic term, or a term applicable in the same sense to all the species it embraces.
2. A word having but one meaning.
UNIVOCALLY U*niv"o*cal*ly, adv.
Defn: In a univocal manner; in one term; in one sense; not equivocally. How is sin univocally distinguished into venial and mortal, if the venial be not sin Bp. Hall.
UNIVOCATION U*niv`o*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. univocation.]
Defn: Agreement of name and meaning. [Obs.] Whiston.
UNJOIN Un*join", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + join.]
Defn: To disjoin.
UNJOINT Un*joint", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + joint.]
Defn: To disjoint.
UNJOINTED Un*joint"ed, a. Etym: [Properly p. p. of unjoint.]
1. Disjointed; unconnected; hence, incoherent. Shak.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- + jointed.]
Defn: Having no joint or articulation; as, an unjointed stem.
UNJUST Un*just", a.
1. Acting contrary to the standard of right; not animated or controlled by justice; false; dishonest; as, an unjust man or judge.
2. Contrary to justice and right; prompted by a spirit of injustice; wrongful; as, an unjust sentence; an unjust demand; an unjust accusation. -- Un*just"ly, adv. -- Un*just"ness, n.
UNJUSTICE Un*jus"tice, n.
Defn: Want of justice; injustice. [Obs.] Hales.
UNKARD Un"kard, a.
Defn: See Unked. [Prov. Eng.]
UNKE Un"ke, n. Etym: [G. unke.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A European aquatic toad (Bombinator igneus). Its back is dark; its belly is marked with crimson. Called also feuerkröte.
UNKED Un"ked, a. Etym: [Corrupted fr. uncouth, or OE. unkid; un- + p. p. of AS. cyedhan to make known, fr. cuedh known. See Uncouth.]
1. Odd; strange; ugly; old; uncouth. [Prov. Eng.]
2. Lonely; dreary; unkard. [Prov. Eng.] Weston is sadly unked without you. Cowper.
UNKEMMED Un*kemmed", a.
Defn: Unkempt. [Obs.]
UNKEMPT Un*kempt", a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + kempt, p. p. of kemb.]
1. Not combed; disheveled; as, an urchin with unkempt hair.
2. Fig.; Not smoothed; unpolished; rough. My rhymes be rugged and unkempt. Spenser.
UNKENNEL Un*ken"nel, v. t. Etym: [1st un- + kennel.]
1. To drive from a kennel or hole; as, to unkennel a fox.
2. Fig.: To discover; to disclose. Shak.
UNKENT Un*kent", a. Etym: [Un- knot + ken to know.]
Defn: Unknown; strange. [Obs. or Scot.] W. Browne.
UNKETH Un*keth", a.
Defn: Uncouth. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
UNKIND Un*kind", a. Etym: [See Kin kindred.]
Defn: Having no race or kindred; childless. [Obs. & R.] Shak.
UNKIND Un*kind", a.
1. Not kind; contrary to nature, or the law of kind or kindred; unnatural. [Obs.] "Such unkind abominations." Chaucer.
2. Wanting in kindness, sympathy, benevolence, gratitude, or the like; cruel; harsh; unjust; ungrateful. He is unkind that recompenseth not; but he is most unkind that forgetteth. Sir T. Elyot. -- Un*kind"ly, adv. -- Un*kind"ness, n.
UNKINDLINESS Un*kind"li*ness, n.
Defn: Unkindness. Tennyson.
UNKINDLY Un*kind"ly, a.
1. Not kindly; unkind; ungracious.
2. Unnatural; contrary to nature. [Obs.] "Unkindly crime." Spenser.
3. Unfavorable; annoying; malignant. Milton.
UNKINDRED Un*kin"dred, a.
Defn: Not kindred; not of the same kin. [Obs.] Rowe. -- Un*kin"dred*ly, a.
UNKING Un*king", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + king.]
Defn: To cause to cease to be a king. [R.] Shall his condescension, therefore, unking him South.
UNKINGSHIP Un*king"ship, n.
Defn: The quality or condition of being unkinged; abolition of monarchy. [Obs.] Unkingship was proclaimed, and his majesty's statues thrown down. Evelyn.
UNKISS Un*kiss", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + king.]
Defn: To cancel or annul what was done or sealed by a kiss; to cancel by a kiss. [Obs.] Let me unkiss the oath 'twixt thee and me. Shak.
UNKLE Un"kle, n.
Defn: See Uncle. [Obs.]
UNKNIGHT Un*knight", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + knight.]
Defn: To deprive of knighthood. Fuller.
UNKNIT Un*knit", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + knit.]
Defn: To undo or unravel what is knitted together. Fie, fie! unknit that threatening unkind brow. Shak.
UNKNOT Un*knot", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + knot.]
Defn: To free from knots; to untie.
UNKNOW Un*know", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + know.]
1. To cease to know; to lose the knowledge of. [Obs.]
2. To fail of knowing; to be ignorant of. [Obs.]
UNKNOW Un*know", a. Etym: [See Un- not, Know.]
Defn: Unknown. [Obs.] "French of Paris was to her unknow." Chaucer.
UNKNOWLEDGED Un*knowl"edged, a.
Defn: Not acknowledged or recognized. [Obs.] For which bounty to us lent Of him unknowledged or unsent. B. Jonson.
UNKNOWN Un*known", a.
Defn: Not known; not apprehended. -- Un*known"ness, n. [R.] Camden.
UNLABORED Un*la"bored, a.
1. Not produced by labor or toil. "Unlabored harvests." Dryden.
2. Not cultivated; untitled; as, an unlabored field.
3. Not laboriously produced, or not evincing labor; as, an unlabored style or work. Tickell.
UNLACE Un*lace", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + lace.]
1. To loose by undoing a lacing; as, to unlace a shoe.
2. To loose the dress of; to undress; hence, to expose; to disgrace. What's the matter, That you unlace your reputation thus Shak.
3. (Naut.)
Defn: To loose, and take off, as a bonnet from a sail, or to cast off, as any lacing in any part of the rigging of a vessel. Totten.
UNLADE Un*lade" v. t. Etym: [1st un- + lade.]
1. To take the load from; to take out the cargo of; as, to unlade a ship or a wagon. The venturous merchant . . . Shall here unlade him and depart no more. Dryden.
2. To unload; to remove, or to have removed, as a load or a burden; to discharge. There the ship was to unlade her burden. Acts. xxi. 3.
UNLAID Un*laid", a.
1. Not laid or placed; not fixed. Hooker.
2. Not allayed; not pacified; not laid finally to rest. [R.] "Stubborn, unlaid ghost." Milton.
3. Not laid out, as a corpse. [R.] B. Jonson. Unlaid paper. See Laid paper, under Laid.
UNLAND Un*land", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + land.]
Defn: To deprive of lands.
UNLAP Un*lap", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + lap.]
Defn: To unfold. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNLASH Un*lash", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + lash.] (Naut.)
Defn: To loose, as that which is lashed or tied down.
UNLATCH Un*latch", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Unlatched; p. pr. & vb. n. Unlatching.] Etym: [1st un- + latch.]
Defn: To open or loose by lifting the latch; as, to unlatch a door.
UNLAUGH Un*laugh", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + laugh.]
Defn: To recall, as former laughter. [Obs. & R.] Sir T. More.
UNLAW Un*law", v. t. Etym: [1st un- + law.]
1. To deprive of the authority or character of law. [Obs.]
2. To put beyond protection of law; to outlaw. [Obs.]
3. (Scots Law)
Defn: To impose a fine upon; to fine.
UNLAW Un*law", n. Etym: [Pref. un- + law.] (Scots Law) (a) Any transgression or offense against the law. (b) A fine imposed as a penalty for violation of the law.
UNLAWED Un*lawed", a. Etym: [Pref. un- + lawed, p. p. of lawe.]
Defn: Not having the claws and balls of the forefeet cut off; -- said of dogs.
UNLAWFUL Un*law"ful, a.
Defn: Not lawful; contrary to law. -- Un*law"ful*ly, adv. -- Un*law"ful*ness, n. Unlawful assembly. (Law) See under Assembly.
UNLAWLIKE Un*law"like`, a.
Defn: Not according to law; being or done in violation of law; unlawful. Milton.
UNLAY Un*lay", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + lay.] (Naut.)
Defn: To untwist; as, to unlay a rope.
UNLEARN Un*learn", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + learn.]
1. To forget, as what has been learned; to lose from memory; also, to learn the contrary of. I had learned nothing right; I had to unlearn everything. Milner.
2. To fail to learn. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
UNLEARNED Un*learn"ed, a. Etym: [Pref. un- + learned.]
1. Not learned; untaught; uneducated; ignorant; illiterate.
2. Not gained by study; not known.
3. Not exhibiting learning; as, unlearned verses. -- Un*learn"ed*ly, adv. -- Un*learn"ed*ness, n.
UNLEASH Un*leash", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + leash.]
Defn: To free from a leash, or as from a leash; to let go; to release; as, to unleash dogs.
UNLEAVENED Un*leav"ened, a.
Defn: Not leavened; containing no leaven; as, unleavened bread.
UNLESS Un*less", conj. Etym: [Formerly, onles, onlesse, onlesse that, that is, in less, in a less case. See On, and Less.]
Defn: Upon any less condition than (the fact or thing stated in the sentence or clause which follows); if not; supposing that not; if it be not; were it not that; except; as, we shall fail unless we are industrious.
Note: By the omission of the verb in the dependent clause, unless was frequently used prepositionally, -- a construction common in Shakespeare and still employed colloquially. Here nothing breeds unless the nightly owl. Shak.
UNLICKED Un*licked", a.
Defn: Not licked; hence, not properly formed; ungainly. Cf. To lick into shape, under Lick, v. Shak.
UNLIKE Un*like", a.
1. Not like; dissimilar; diverse; having no resemblance; as, the cases are unlike.
2. Not likely; improbable; unlikely. [Obsoles.] Unlike quantities (Math.), quantities expressed by letters which are different or of different powers, as a, b, c, a2, a3, xn, and the like. -- Unlike signs (Math.), the signs plus (+) and minus (-).
UNLIKELIHOOD Un*like"li*hood, n.
Defn: Absence of likelihood.
UNLIKELINESS Un*like"li*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unlikely.
UNLIKELY Un*like"ly, a.
1. Not likely; improbable; not to be reasonably expected; as, an unlikely event; the thing you mention is very unlikely.
2. Not holding out a prospect of success; likely to fail; unpromising; as, unlikely means. Hooker.
3. Not such as to inspire liking; unattractive; disagreeable. [Obs.] "The unlikely eld of me." Chaucer.
UNLIKELY Un*like"ly, adv.
Defn: In an unlikely manner.
UNLIKEN Un*lik"en, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + liken.]
Defn: To make unlike; to dissimilate. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNLIKENESS Un*like"ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unlike; want of resemblance; dissimilarity. Tennyson.
UNLIMBER Un*lim"ber, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + limber.] (Mil.)
Defn: To detach the limber from; as, to unlimber a gun.
UNLIMITABLE Un*lim"it*a*ble, a.
Defn: Illimitable. Locke.
UNLIMITED Un*lim"it*ed, a.
1. Not limited; having no bounds; boundless; as, an unlimited expanse of ocean.
2. Undefined; indefinite; not bounded by proper exceptions; as, unlimited terms. "Nothing doth more prevail than unlimited generalities." Hooker.
3. Unconfined; not restrained; unrestricted. Ascribe not unto God such an unlimited exercise of mercy as may destroy his justice. Rogers. Unlimited problem (Math.), a problem which is capable of an infinite number of solutions. -- Unlimited pump, a kind of deep-well pump placed at the level of the water, and operated from above ground. -- Un*lim"it*ed*ly, adv. -- Un*lim"it*ed*ness, n.
UNLINE Un*line", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + line.]
Defn: To take the lining out of; hence, to empty; as, to unline one's purse.
UNLINK Un*link", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + link.]
Defn: To separate or undo, as links; to uncoil; to unfasten. Shak.
UNLIQUIDATED Un*liq"ui*da`ted, a.
Defn: Not liquidated; not exactly ascertained; not adjusted or settled. Unliquidated damages (Law), penalties or damages not ascertained in money. Burrill.
UNLIQUORED Un*liq"uored, a.
1. Not moistened or wet with liquor; dry. "Unliquored coach." Bp. Hall.
2. Not in liquor; not intoxicated; sober. Like an unliquored Silenus. Milton.
UNLISTED Un*list"ed, a.
Defn: Not listed; specif. (New York Stock Exchange),
Defn: admitted to quotation in the unlisted department, that is, admitted to be dealt in on the floor, but not to the "regular list."
UNLIVE Un*live", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + live.]
Defn: To [R.] Glanvill.
UNLIVED Un*lived", a. Etym: [See 1st pref. Un-, and Life, Live.]
Defn: Bereft or deprived of life. [Obs.] Shak.
UNLOAD Un*load", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + load.]
1. To take the load from; to discharge of a load or cargo; to disburden; as, to unload a ship; to unload a beast.
2. Hence, to relieve from anything onerous.
3. To discharge or remove, as a load or a burden; as, to unload the cargo of a vessel.
4. To draw the charge from; as, to unload a gun.
5. To sell in large quantities, as stock; to get rid of. [Brokers' Cant, U. S.]
UNLOAD Un*load", v. i.
Defn: To perform the act of unloading anything; as, let unload now.
UNLOADER Un*load"er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, unloads; a device for unloading, as hay from a wagon.
UNLOCATED Un*lo"ca*ted, a.
1. Not located or placed; not fixed in a place.
2. Not surveyed, or designated by marks, limits, or boundaries, as appropriated to some individual, company, or corporation; as, unlocated lands.
UNLOCK Un*lock", v. t. Etym: [Cf. AS. unl. See 1st Un-, and Lock, v. t.]
1. To unfasten, as what is locked; as, to unlock a door or a chest.
2. To open, in general; to lay open; to undo. Unlock your springs, and open all your shades. Pope. [Lord] unlock the spell of sin. J. H. Newman.
UNLODGE Un*lodge", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + lodge.]
Defn: To dislodge; to deprive of lodgment. Carew.
UNLOOK Un*look", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + look.]
Defn: To recall or retract, as a look. [R.] Richardson.
UNLOOKED Un*looked", a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + looked.]
Defn: Not observed or foreseen; unexpected; -- generally with for. "Unlooked success." Denham. She comes unlooked for, if she comes at all. Pope.
UNLOOKED-FOR Un*looked"-for, a.
Defn: Not looked for; unexpected; as, an unlooked-for event.
UNLOOSE Un*loose", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- (intensive) + loose.]
Defn: To make loose; to loosen; to set free. Shak.
UNLOOSE Un*loose", v. i.
Defn: To become unfastened; to lose all connection or union.
UNLOOSEN Un*loos"en, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- (intensive) + loosen.]
Defn: To loosen; to unloose.
UNLORD Un*lord", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + lord.]
Defn: To deprive of the rank or position of a lord. Milton.
UNLORDED Un*lord"ed, a.
1. Etym: [Properly p. p. of unlord.]
Defn: Deprived of the rank of a lord.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- + lorded.]
Defn: Not raised to the rank of a lord. Milton.
UNLOVE Un*love", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + love.]
Defn: To cease to love; to hate. [Obs.]
UNLOVELY Un*love"ly, a.
Defn: Not lovely; not amiable; possessing qualities that excite dislike; disagreeable; displeasing; unpleasant. -- Un*love"li*ness, n.
UNLUCKILY Un*luck"i*ly, adv.
Defn: In an unlucky manner.
UNLUCKINESS Un*luck"i*ness, n.
Defn: Quality or state of being unlucky.
UNLUCKY Un*luck"y, a.
1. Not lucky; not successful; unfortunate; ill-fated; unhappy; as, an unlucky man; an unlucky adventure; an unlucky throw of dice; an unlucky game.
Note: This word is properly applied to incidents in which failure results from chance or fortuity, as in games of hazard, rather than from lack or feebleness of effort.
2. Bringing bad luck; ill-omened; inauspicious. Haunt me not with that unlucky face. Dryden.
3. Mischievous; as, an unlucky wag. [Colloq.]
UNLUST Un*lust", n.
Defn: Listlessness; disinclination. [Obs.] "Idleness and unlust." Chaucer.
UNLUTE Un*lute", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + lute.]
Defn: To separate, as things cemented or luted; to take the lute or the clay from. Boyle.
UNMADE Un*made", a.
1. Etym: [Pref. un- not + made.]
Defn: Not yet made or formed; as, an unmade grave. Shak.
2. Etym: [Properly p. p. of unmake.]
Defn: Deprived of form, character, etc.; disunited.
UNMAGISTRATE Un*mag"is*trate, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + magistrate.]
Defn: To divest of the office or authority of a magistrate. [Obs.] Milton.
UNMAIDEN Un*maid"en, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + maiden.]
Defn: To ravish; to deflower. [Obs.]
UNMAKE Un*make", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + make.]
Defn: To destroy the form and qualities of; to deprive of being; to uncreate. God does not make or unmake things to try experiments. T. Burnet.
UNMAN Un*man", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + man.]
1. To deprive of the distinctive qualities of a human being, as reason, or the like. [R.] South.
2. To emasculate; to deprive of virility.
3. To deprive of the courage and fortitude of a man; to break or subdue the manly spirit in; to cause to despond; to dishearten; to make womanish. Let's not unman each other. Byron.
4. To deprive of men; as, to unman a ship.
UNMANACLE Un*man"a*cle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + manacle.]
Defn: To free from manacles. Tennyson.
UNMANHOOD Un*man"hood, n.
Defn: Absence or lack of manhood. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNMANNED Un*manned", a.
1. Etym: [Properly p. p. of unman.]
Defn: Deprived of manly qualities; deficient in vigor, strength, courage, etc.; weak; effeminate.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- not + man + -ed.] (Falconry)
Defn: Not tamed; not made familiar with, or subject to, man; -- also used figuratively. [Obs.] Hood my unmanned blood bating in my cheeks With thy black mantle. Shak.
3. Etym: [Pref. un- not + manned.]
Defn: Not furnished with men; as, an unmanned ship.
UNMANNERLY Un*man"ner*ly, a.
Defn: Not mannerly; ill-bred; rude. -- adv.
Defn: Uncivilly; rudely. -- Un*man"ner*li*ness, n.
UNMANTLE Un*man"tle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + mantle.]
Defn: To divest of a mantle; to uncover. Nay, she said, but I will unmantle you. Sir W. Scott.
UNMARRY Un*mar"ry, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + marry.]
Defn: To annul the marriage of; to divorce. Milton.
UNMARTYR Un*mar"tyr, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + martyr.]
Defn: To degrade from the rank of a martyr. [Obs.] Fuller.
UNMASCULATE Un*mas"cu*late, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + masculate.]
Defn: To emasculate. [Obs.] Fuller.
UNMASK Un*mask", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + mask.]
Defn: To strip of a mask or disguise; to lay open; to expose.
UNMASK Un*mask", v. i.
Defn: To put off a mask. Shak.
UNMASTERABLE Un*mas"ter*a*ble, a.
Defn: Incapable of being mastered or subdued. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
UNMATERIAL Un`ma*te"ri*al, a.
Defn: Not material; immaterial. [Obs.] Daniel.
UNMEANING Un*mean"ing, a.
1. Having no meaning or signification; as, unmeaning words.
2. Not indicating intelligence or sense; senseless; expressionless; as, an unmeaning face. There pride sits blazoned on the unmeaning brow. Trumbull. -- Un*mean"ing*ly, adv. -- Un*mean"ing*ness, n.
UNMEANT Un*meant", a.
Defn: Not meant or intended; unintentional. Dryden.
UNMEASURABLE Un*meas"ur*a*ble, a.
Defn: Immeasurable. Swift. -- Un*meas"ur*a*ble*ness, n. -- Un*meas"ur*a*bly, adv.
UNMECHANIZE Un*mech"an*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + mechanize.]
1. To undo the mechanism of; to unmake; as, to unmechanize a structure. [Obs.] Sterne.
UNMECHANIZED Un*mech"an*ized, a. Etym: [Pref. un- + mechanized.]
Defn: Not mechanized. Paley.
UNMEET Un*meet", a.
Defn: Not meet or fit; not proper; unbecoming; unsuitable; -- usually followed by for. "Unmeet for a wife." Tennyson. And all unmeet our carpet floors. Emerson. -- Un*meet"ly, adv. -- Un*meet"ness, n.
UNMEMBER Un*mem"ber, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + member.]
Defn: To deprive of membership, as in a church.
UNMENTIONABLES Un*men"tion*a*bles, n. pl.
Defn: The breeches; trousers. [Jocose]
UNMERCHANTABLE Un*mer"chant*a*ble, a. (Com.)
Defn: Not merchantable; not fit for market; being of a kind, quality, or quantity that is unsalable. McElrath.
UNMERCIED Un*mer"cied, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + mercy.]
Defn: Unmerciful; merciless. [Obs.] Drayton.
UNMERCIFUL Un*mer"ci*ful, a.
Defn: Not merciful; indisposed to mercy or grace; cruel; inhuman; merciless; unkind. -- Un*mer"ci*ful*ly, adv. -- Un*mer"ci*ful*ness, n.
UNMERCILESS Un*mer"ci*less, a. Etym: [Pref. un- (intensive) + merciless.]
Defn: Utterly merciless. [Obs.] Joye.
UNMEW Un*mew", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + mew to confine.]
Defn: To release from confinement or restraint. Keats.
UNMINGLE Un*min"gle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + mingle.]
Defn: To separate, as things mixed. Bacon.
UNMISTAKABLE Un`mis*tak"a*ble, a.
Defn: Incapable of being mistaken or misunderstood; clear; plain; obvious; evident. -- Un`mis*tak"a*bly, adv.
UNMITER; UNMITRE Un*mi"ter, Un*mi"tre, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + miter.]
Defn: To deprive of a miter; to depose or degrade from the rank of a bishop. Milton.
UNMOLD; UNMOULD Un*mold", Un*mould", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + mold.]
Defn: To change the form of; to reduce from any form. "Unmolding reason's mintage." Milton.
UNMONEYED Un*mon"eyed, a.
Defn: Destitute of money; not rich. [Written also unmonied.] Shenstone.
UNMONOPOLIZE Un`mo*nop"o*lize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + monopolize.]
Defn: To recover or release from the state of being monopolized. [R.] Unmonopolizing the rewards of learning and industry. Milton.
UNMOOR Un*moor", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + moor.] (Naut.) (a) To cause to ride with one anchor less than before, after having been moored by two or more anchors. (b) To loose from anchorage. See Moor, v. t.
UNMOOR Un*moor", v. i.
Defn: To weigh anchor. Sir W. Scott.
UNMORAL Un*mor"al, a.
Defn: Having no moral perception, quality, or relation; involving no idea of morality; -- distinguished from both moral and immoral. -- Un`mo*ral"i*ty, n.
UNMORALIZED Un*mor"al*ized, a.
Defn: Not restrained or tutored by morality. Norris.
UNMORRISED Un*mor"rised, a.
Defn: Not arrayed in the dress of a morris dancer. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
UNMORTISE Un*mor"tise, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + mortise.]
Defn: To loosen, unfix, or separate, as things mortised together. Tennyson.
UN-MOSAIC Un`-Mo*sa"ic, a.
Defn: Not according to Moses; unlike Moses or his works. By this reckoning Moses should be most un Mosaic. Milton.
UNMOTHERED Un*moth"ered, Etym: [1st pref. un- + mother.]
Defn: Deprived of a mother; motherless.
UNMOVABLE Un*mov"a*ble, a.
Defn: Immovable. "Steadfast, unmovable." 1 Cor. xv. 58. Locke.
UNMOVABLY Un*mov"a*bly, adv.
Defn: Immovably. [R.] J. Ellis.
UNMOVED Un*moved", a.
Defn: Not moved; fixed; firm; unshaken; calm; apathetic. -- Un*mov"ed*ly, adv.
UNMUFFLE Un*muf"fle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + muffle.]
1. To take a covering from, as the face; to uncover.
2. To remove the muffling of, as a drum.
UNMUTABLE Un*mu"ta*ble, a.
Defn: Immutable. [Obs.]
UNMUZZLE Un*muz"zle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + muzzle.]
Defn: To loose from a muzzle; to remove a muzzle from.
UNNAIL Un*nail", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + nail.]
Defn: To remove the nails from; to unfasten by removing nails.
UNNAPPED Un*napped", a.
Defn: Finished without a nap. I did not attempt her with a threadbare name, Unnapped with meritorious actions. Beau. & Fl.
UNNATURAL Un*nat"u*ral, a.
Defn: Not natural; contrary, or not conforming, to the order of nature; being without natural traits; as, unnatural crimes.
Syn. -- See Factitious. -- Un*nat"u*ral*ly, adv. -- Un*nat"u*ral*ness, n.
UNNATURALIZE Un*nat"u*ral*ize, v. t.
Defn: To make unnatural. [R.] Hales.
UNNATURE Un*na"ture, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + nature.]
Defn: To change the nature of; to invest with a different or contrary nature. [Obs.] A right heavenly nature, indeed, as if were unnaturing them, doth so bridle them [the elements]. Sir P. Sidney.
UNNATURE Un*na"ture, n. Etym: [Pref. un- not + nature.]
Defn: The contrary of nature; that which is unnatural. [R.] So as to be rather unnature, after all, than nature. H. Bushnell.
UNNEAR Un*near", prep.
Defn: Not near; not close to; at a distance from. [Obs.] Davies (Muse's Sacrifice).
UNNECESSARY Un*nec"es*sa*ry, a.
Defn: Not necessary; not required under the circumstances; unless; needless; as, unnecessary labor, care, or rigor. -- Un*nec"es*sa*ri*ly, adv. -- Un*nec"es*sa*ri*ness, n.
UNNECESSITY Un`ne*ces"si*ty, n.
Defn: The state of being unnecessary; something unnecessary. [Obs.]
UNNEIGHBORED Un*neigh"bored, a.
Defn: Being without neigbors. Cowper.
UNNEIGHBORLY Un*neigh"bor*ly, a.
Defn: Not neighborly; distant; reserved; solitary; exclusive. -- adv.
Defn: Not in a neighborly manner. Shak.
UNNERVATE Un*nerv"ate, a.
Defn: Enervate. [Obs.]
UNNERVE Un*nerve", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + nerve.]
Defn: To deprive of nerve, force, or strength; to weaken; to enfeeble; as, to unnerve the arm. Unequal match'd, . . . The unnerved father falls. Shak.
UNNEST Un*nest, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + nest.]
Defn: To eject from a nest; to unnestle. [R.] T. Adams.
UNNESTLE Un*nes"tle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + nestle.]
Defn: Same as Unnest. [R.]
UNNETHE; UNNETHES Un*nethe", Un*nethes", adv.
Defn: With difficulty. See Uneath. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNNOBLE Un*no"ble, a.
Defn: Ignoble. Shak.
UNNOBLY Un*no"bly, adv.
Defn: Ignobly. J. Fletcher.
UNNOOKED Un*nooked", a.
Defn: Without nooks and corners; guileless. [Obs.] "Unnooked simplicity." Marston.
UNNOTIFY Un*no"ti*fy, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + notify.]
Defn: To retract or withdraw a notice of. Walpole.
UNNUMBERED Un*num"bered, a.
Defn: Not numbered; not counted or estimated; innumerable. Dryden.
UNNUMERABLE Un*nu"mer*a*ble, a.
Defn: Innumerable. [Obs.] "An unnumerable multitude." Udall.
UNNUN Un*nun", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + nun.]
Defn: To remove from condition of being a nun. [R.] Many did quickly unnun and disfriar themselves. Fuller.
UNOBEDIENCE Un`o*be"di*ence, n.
Defn: Disobedience. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNOBEDIENT Un`o*be"di*ent, a.
Defn: Disobedient. [Obs.] Milton.
UNOBSERVANCE Un`ob*serv"ance, n.
Defn: Want or neglect of observance; inobservance. Whitlock.
UNOBTRUSIVE Un`ob*tru"sive, a.
Defn: Not obtrusive; not presuming; modest. -- Un`ob*tru"sive*ly, adv. -- Un`ob*tru"sive*ness, n.
UNOFFENSIVE Un`of*fen"sive, a.
Defn: Inoffensive.
UNOFTEN Un*of"ten, adv.
Defn: Not often. [Obs.]
UNOIL Un*oil", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + oil.]
Defn: To remove the oil from. Dryden.
UNOPERATIVE Un*op"er*a*tive, a.
Defn: Producing no effect; inoperative. [Obs.] South.
UNOPERCULATED Un`o*per"cu*la`ted, a.
Defn: Destitute of an operculum, or cover.
UNORDER Un*or"der, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + order.]
Defn: To countermand an order for. [R.]
UNORDERLY Un*or"der*ly, a.
Defn: Disorderly. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.
UNORDINATE Un*or"di*nate, a.
Defn: Disorderly; irregular; inordinate. [R.] -- Un*or"di*nate*ly, adv. [R.]
UNORGANIZED Un*or"gan*ized, a.
Defn: Not organized; being without organic structure; specifically (Biol.), not having the different tissues and organs characteristic of living organisms, nor the power of growth and development; as, the unorganized ferments. See the Note under Ferment, n., 1.
UNORIGINATED Un`o*rig"i*na`ted, a.
1. Not originated; existing from all eternity. F. W. Newman.
2. Not yet caused to be, or to be made; as, possible inventions still unoriginated.
UNORIGINATELY Un`o*rig"i*nate*ly, adv.
Defn: Without origin.
UNOSSIFIED Un*os"si*fied, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Destitute of a bony structure.
UNOWED Un*owed", a.
1. Ownerless. [Obs.] Shak.
2. Not owed; as, to pay money unowed.
UNOWNED Un*own"ed, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + (sense 1) owned possessed, and (sense 2) owned granted, acknowledged.]
1. Not owned; having no owner. Milton.
2. Not acknowledged; not avowed. Gay.
UNPACK Un*pack", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pack.]
1. To separate and remove, as things packed; to open and remove the contents of; as, to unpack a trunk.
2. To relieve of a pack or burden. [R.] Shak.
UNPACKER Un*pack"er, n.
Defn: One who unpacks.
UNPAGANIZE Un*pa"gan*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + paganize.]
Defn: To cause to cease to be pagan; to divest of pagan character. [R.] Cudworth.
UNPAINT Un*paint", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + paint.]
Defn: To remove the paint from; to efface, as a painting. Parnell.
UNPAIRED Un*paired, a.
Defn: Not paired; not suited or matched. And minds unpaired had better think alone. Crabbe.
UNPALPED Un*palped", a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Destitute of a palp.
UNPANNEL Un*pan"nel, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pannel.]
Defn: To take the saddle off; to unsaddle. [Obs.] Jervas.
UNPARADISE Un*par"a*dise, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + paradise.]
Defn: To deprive of happiness like that of paradise; to render unhappy. [R.] Young.
UNPARAGONED Un*par"a*goned, a.
Defn: Having no paragon or equal; matchless; peerless. [R.] Your unparagoned mistress is dead. Shak.
UNPARALLELED Un*par"al*leled, a.
Defn: Having no parallel, or equal; unequaled; unmatched. The unparalleled perseverance of the armies of the United States, under every suffering and discouragement, was little short of a miracle. Washington.
UNPARCHED Un*parched", a. Etym: [Pref. un- not (intensive) parched.]
Defn: Dried up; withered by heat. [Obs.] "My tongue . . . unparched." Crashaw.
UNPARDONABLE Un*par"don*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not admitting of pardon or forgiveness; inexcusable.
UNPARENTED Un*par"ent*ed, a.
Defn: Having no parent, or no acknowledged parent. [R.]
UNPARLIAMENTARY Un*par`lia*men"ta*ry, a.
Defn: Not parliamentary; contrary to the practice of parliamentary bodies. -- Un*par`lia*men"ta*ri*ness, n.
UNPARTIAL Un*par"tial, a.
Defn: Impartial. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson. -- Un*par"tial*ly, adv. [Obs.] Hooker.
UNPASSABLE Un*pass"a*ble, a.
Defn: Impassable. E. A. Freeman. -- Un*pass"a*ble*ness, n. Evelyn.
UNPASSIONATE Un*pas"sion*ate, a.
Defn: Not passionate; dispassionate. -- Un*pas"sion*ate*ly, adv.
UNPASTOR Un*pas"tor, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pastor.]
Defn: To cause to be no longer pastor; to deprive of pastorship. [R.] Fuller.
UNPATHED Un*pathed", a.
Defn: Not having a path. Shak.
UNPATHWAYED Un*path"wayed`, a.
Defn: Pathless. [R.] "The smooth, unpathwayed plain." Wordsworth.
UNPATIENCE Un*pa"tience, n.
Defn: Impatience. [Obs.]
UNPATIENT Un*pa"tient, a.
Defn: Impatient. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNPAVED Un*paved", a.
1. Not paved; not furnished with a pavement. Hakewill.
2. Castrated. [Obs.] "Unpaved eunuch." Shak.
UNPAY Un*pay", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pay.]
Defn: To undo, take back, or annul, as a payment. Shak.
UNPEACE Un*peace", n.
Defn: Absence or lack of peace. [Obs.] Testament of Love.
UNPEDIGREED Un*ped"i*greed, a.
Defn: Not distinguished by a pedigree. [R.] Pollok.
UNPEELED Un*peeled, a.
1. Etym: [1st pref. un- (intensive) + peel.]
Defn: Thoroughly stripped; pillaged. [Obs.] Shak.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- not + peeled.]
Defn: Not peeled.
UNPEERABLE Un*peer"a*ble, a.
Defn: Incapable of having a peer, or equal.
UNPEERED Un*peered, a.
Defn: Having no peer; unequaled; unparalleled. "Unpeered excellence." Marston.
UNPEG Un*peg", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + peg.]
Defn: To remove a peg or pegs from; to unfasten; to open. Shak.
UNPEN Un*pen", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pen.]
Defn: To release from a pen or from confinement. "If a man unpens another's water." Blackstone.
UNPENETRABLE Un*pen"e*tra*ble, a.
Defn: Impenetrable.
UNPENITENT Un*pen"i*tent, a.
Defn: Impenitent. Sandys.
UNPEOPLE Un*peo"ple, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + people.]
Defn: To deprive of inhabitants; to depopulate. Shak.
UNPEREGAL Un`per*e"gal, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + peregal.]
Defn: Unequal. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNPERFECT Un*per"fect, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + perfect.]
Defn: To mar or destroy the perfection of. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
UNPERFECT Un*per"fect, a. Etym: [Pref. un- + perfect.]
Defn: Imperfect. [Obs.] Holland. -- Un*per"fect*ly, adv. [Obs.] Hales. -- Un*per"fect*ness, n. [Obs.]
UNPERFECTION Un`per*fec"tion, n.
Defn: Want of perfection; imperfection. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNPERISHABLE Un*per"ish*a*ble, a.
Defn: Imperishable.
UNPERISHABLY Un*per"ish*a*bly, adv.
Defn: Imperishably.
UNPERPLEX Un`per*plex", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + perplex.]
Defn: To free from perplexity. [R.] Donne.
UNPERSUASION Un`per*sua"sion, n.
Defn: The state of not being persuaded; disbelief; doubt. [R.] Abp. Leighton.
UNPERVERT Un`per*vert, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pervert.]
Defn: To free from perversion; to deliver from being perverted; to reconvert. [Obs.]
UNPHILOSOPHIZE Un`phi*los"o*phize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + philosophize.]
Defn: To degrade from the character of a philosopher. [R.] Pope.
UNPICK Un*pick, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- (intensive) + pick.]
Defn: To pick out; to undo by picking.
UNPICKED Un*picked", a. Etym: [Properly p. p. of unpick.]
Defn: Picked out; picked open.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- not + picked.]
Defn: Not picked. Milton.
UNPIN Un*pin", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pin.]
Defn: To loose from pins; to remove the pins from; to unfasten; as, to unpin a frock; to unpin a frame.
UNPINION Un*pin"ion, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pinion.]
Defn: To loose from pinions or manacles; to free from restraint. Goldsmith.
UNPITIED Un*pit"ied, a.
1. Not pitied.
2. Pitiless; merciless. [Obs.] Shak.
UNPITIOUS Un*pi"tious, a.
1. Impious; wicked. [Obs.] "The life of the unpitous." Wyclif (Prov. xv. 8).
2. Destitute of pity; pitiless. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Un*pi"tous*ly, adv. [Obs.] -- Un*pi"tous*ness, n. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNPITOUSTY Un*pi"tous*ty, n.
Defn: Impiety. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNPITY Un*pit"y, n.
Defn: Want of piety. [Obs.]
UNPLACABLE Un*pla"ca*ble, a.
Defn: Implacable. [Obs.]
UNPLACED Un*placed", a.
Defn: Not placed.
UNPLAID Un*plaid", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + plaid.]
Defn: To deprive of a plaid.
UNPLAINED Un*plained", a.
Defn: Not deplored or bewailed; unlamented. [Obs.] Spenser.
UNPLAT Un*plat", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + plat.]
Defn: To take out the folds or twists of, as something previously platted; to unfold; to unwreathe.
UNPLAUSIVE Un*plau"sive, a.
Defn: Not approving; disapproving. [Obs.] Shak.
UNPLEADED Un*plead"ed, a.
1. Not used as a plea; not urged; as, an unpleaded excuse.
2. Not supported by pleas; undefended; as, an unpleaded suit.
UNPLEASANT Un*pleas"ant, a.
Defn: Not pleasant; not amiable or agreeable; displeasing; offensive. -- Un*pleas"ant*ly, adv. -- Un*pleas"ant*ness, n.
UNPLEASANTRY Un*pleas"ant*ry, n.; pl. Unpleasantries (.
1. Want of pleasantry. [R.]
2. A state of disagreement; a falling out. Thackeray.
UNPLEASIVE Un*pleas"ive, a.
Defn: Unpleasant. [Obs.] "An unpleasive passion." Bp. Hall.
UNPLEAT Un*pleat", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pleat.]
Defn: To remove the plaits of; to smooth. W. Browne.
UNPLIGHT Un*plight", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + plight.]
Defn: To unfold; to lay open; to explain. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNPLUMB Un*plumb", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + plumb.]
Defn: To deprive of lead, as of a leaden coffin. [R.] Burke.
UNPLUME Un*plume", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + plume.]
Defn: To strip of plumes or feathers; hence, to humiliate.
UNPOISED Un*poised", a.
1. Not poised or balanced.
2. Not poised or weighed; hence, regardless of consequences; unhesitating. [Obs.] Marston.
UNPOISON Un*poi"son, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + poison.]
Defn: To remove or expel poison from. [Obs.] South.
UNPOLICIED Un*pol"i*cied, a.
1. Not having civil polity, or a regular form of government.
2. Impolitic; imprudent. [Obs.] Shak.
UNPOLISH Un*pol"ish, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + polish.]
Defn: To deprive of polish; to make impolite.
UNPOLITE Un`po*lite", a.
Defn: Not polite; impolite; rude. -- Un`po*lite"ly, adv. -- Un`po*lite"ness, n.
UNPOLITIC Un*pol"i*tic, a.
Defn: Impolitic; imprudent.
UNPOLLED Un*polled", a.
Defn: Not polled. Specifically: (a) Not enumerated or registered; as, an unpolled vote or voter. (b) Not plundered. [Obs.] "Unpoll'd Arabian wealth." Fanshawe.
UNPOPE Un*pope", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pope.]
1. To divest of the character, office, or authority of a pope.
2. To deprive of a pope. [Obs.] Rome will never so far unpope herself as to part with her pretended supremacy. Fuller.
UNPORTUNATE Un*por"tu*nate, a.
Defn: Importunate; troublesome with requests. [Obs.] Golden Boke.
UNPORTUOUS Un*por"tu*ous, a.
Defn: Having no ports. [Obs.] "An unportuous coast." Burke.
UNPOSSESS Un`pos*sess", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + possess.]
Defn: To be without, or to resign, possession of. [Obs.]
UNPOSSIBILITY Un*pos`si*bil"i*ty, n.
Defn: Impossibility. [R.] "Utter unpossibility." Poe.
UNPOSSIBLE Un*pos"si*ble, a.
Defn: Impossible. [R.]
UNPOWER Un*pow"er, n.
Defn: Want of power; weakness. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.
UNPOWERFUL Un*pow"er*ful, a.
Defn: Not powerful; weak. Cowley.
UNPRACTICABLE Un*prac"ti*ca*ble, a.
Defn: Impracticable; not feasible.
UNPRACTICAL Un*prac"ti*cal, a.
Defn: Not practical; impractical. "Unpractical questions." H. James. I like him none the less for being unpractical. Lowell.
UNPRAISE Un*praise", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + praise.]
Defn: To withhold praise from; to deprive of praise. [R.]
UNPRAY Un*pray, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pray.]
Defn: To revoke or annul by prayer, as something previously prayed for. [R.] Sir M. Hale.
UNPRAYABLE Un*pray"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not to be influenced or moved by prayers; obdurate. [R.] Wyclif.
UNPRAYED Un*prayed", a. Etym: [With for.]
Defn: Not prayed for. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
UNPREACH Un*preach", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + preach.]
Defn: To undo or overthrow by preaching. [R.] De Foe.
UNPRECEDENTED Un*prec"e*dent*ed, a.
Defn: Having no precedent or example; not preceded by a like case; not having the authority of prior example; novel; new; unexampled. -- Un*prec"e*dent*ed*ly, adv.
UNPREDICT Un`pre*dict", v. i. Etym: [1st pref. un- + predict.]
Defn: To retract or falsify a previous prediction. Milton.
UNPREJUDICED Un*prej"u*diced, a.
1. Not prejudiced; free from undue bias or prepossession; not preoccupied by opinion; impartial; as, an unprejudiced mind; an unprejudiced judge.
2. Not warped or biased by prejudice; as, an unprejudiced judgment. -- Un*prej"u*diced*ness, n. V. Knox.
UNPRELATED Un*prel"a*ted, a. Etym: [1st pref. un- + prelate.]
Defn: Deposed from the office of prelate.
UNPREVENTED Un`pre*vent"ed, a.
1. Not prevented or hindered; as, unprevented sorrows. Shak.
2. Not preceded by anything. [Obs.] Milton.
UNPRICED Un*priced", a.
Defn: Not priced; being without a fixed or certain value; also, priceless. "Amethyst unpriced." Neale (Rhythm of St. Bernard).
UNPRIEST Un*priest", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + priest.]
Defn: To deprive of priesthood; to unfrock. [R.] Milton.
UNPRINCE Un*prince", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + prince.]
Defn: To deprive of the character or authority of a prince; to divest of principality of sovereignty. [R.] Swift.
UNPRINCIPLE Un*prin"ci*ple, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + principle.]
Defn: To destroy the moral principles of. [R.]
UNPRINCIPLED Un*prin"ci*pled, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + principled.]
Defn: Being without principles; especially, being without right moral principles; also, characterized by absence of principle. -- Un*prin"ci*pled*ness, n.
UNPRISON Un*pris"on, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + prison.]
Defn: To take or deliver from prison.
UNPRIZABLE Un*priz"a*ble, a.
1. Not prized or valued; being without value. [Obs.]
2. Invaluable; being beyond estimation. [Obs.]
UNPROBABLY Un*prob"a*bly, adv. Etym: [Pref. un- not + probably.]
Defn: Improbably.
UNPROBABLY Un*prob"a*bly, adv. Etym: [Un- + L. probabilis approvable, fr. probare to approve. Cf. Probable.]
Defn: In a manner not to be approved of; improperly. [Obs. & R.] To diminish, by the authority of wise and knowing men, things unjustly and unprobably crept in. Strype.
UNPROFICIENCY Un`pro*fi"cien*cy, n.
Defn: Want of proficiency or improvement. Bp. Hall.
UNPROFIT Un*prof"it, n.
Defn: Want of profit; unprofitableness. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNPROFITED Un*prof"it*ed, a.
Defn: Profitless. [R.] Shak.
UNPROMISE Un*prom"ise, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + promise.]
Defn: To revoke or annul, as a promise. Chapman.
UNPROP Un*prop", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + prop.]
Defn: To remove a prop or props from; to deprive of support.
UNPROPER Un*prop"er, a.
Defn: Not proper or peculiar; improper. [Obs.] -- Un*prop"er*ly, adv. [Obs.]
UNPROSELYTE Un*pros"e*lyte, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + proselyte.]
Defn: To convert or recover from the state of a proselyte. Fuller.
UNPROTESTANTIZE Un*prot"es*tant*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + protestantize.]
Defn: To render other than Protestant; to cause to change from Protestantism to some other form of religion; to deprive of some Protestant feature or characteristic. The attempt to unprotestantize the Church of England. Froude.
UNPROVIDE Un`pro*vide, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + provide.]
Defn: To deprive of necessary provision; to unfurnish. Lest her . . . beauty unprovide my mind again. Shak.
UNPROVIDENT Un*prov"i*dent, a.
Defn: Improvident. [Obs.] "Who for thyself art so unprovident.' Shak.
UNPRUDENCE Un*pru"dence, n.
Defn: Imprudence. [Obs.]
UNPRUDENT Un*pru"dent, a.
Defn: Imprudent. [Obs.]
UNPRUDENTIAL Un`pru*den"tial, a.
Defn: Imprudent. [Obs.] "The most unwise and unprudential act." Milton.
UNPUCKER Un*puck"er, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + pucker.]
Defn: To smooth away the puckers or wrinkles of.
UNPURE Un*pure", a.
Defn: Not pure; impure. -- Un*pure"ly, adv. -- Un*pure"ness, n.
UNPURSED Un*pursed", a. Etym: [1st pref. un- + purse + -ed.]
1. Robbed of a purse, or of money. [R.] Pollock.
2. Taken from the purse; expended. [Obs.] Gower.
UNQUALIFY Un*qual"i*fy, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + quality.]
Defn: To disqualify; to unfit. Swift.
UNQUALITIED Un*qual"i*tied, a. Etym: [1st pref. un- + quality.]
Defn: Deprived of the usual faculties. [Obs.] Shak.
UNQUEEN Un*queen", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + queen.]
Defn: To divest of the rank or authority of queen. Shak.
UNQUESTIONABLE Un*ques"tion*a*ble, a.
1. Not questionable; as, an unquestionable title.
2. Not inviting questions or conversation. [R.] Shak. -- Un*ques"tion*a*bly, adv.
UNQUESTIONED Un*ques"tioned, a.
1. Not called in question; not doubted.
2. Not interrogated; having no questions asked; not examined or examined into. Shak. She muttering prayers, as holy rites she meant, Through the divided crowd unquestioned went. Dryden.
3. Indisputable; not to be opposed or impugned. Their unquestioned pleasures must be served. B. Jonson.
UNQUICK Un*quick", a.
Defn: Not quick. [R.] Daniel.
UNQUIET Un*qui"et, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + quiet.]
Defn: To disquiet. [Obs.] Ld. Herbert.
UNQUIET Un*qui"et, a. Etym: [Pref. un- + quiet.]
Defn: Not quiet; restless; uneasy; agitated; disturbed. -- Un*qui"et*ly, adv. -- Un*qui"et*ness, n.
UNQUIETUDE Un*qui"e*tude, n.
Defn: Uneasiness; inquietude.
UNRAVEL Un*rav"el, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- (intensive) + ravel.]
1. To disentangle; to disengage or separate the threads of; as, to unravel a stocking.
2. Hence, to clear from complication or difficulty; to unfold; to solve; as, to unravel a plot.
3. To separate the connected or united parts of; to throw into disorder; to confuse. "Art shall be conjured for it, and nature all unraveled." Dryden.
UNRAVEL Un*rav"el, v. i.
Defn: To become unraveled, in any sense.
UNRAVELMENT Un*rav"el*ment, n.
Defn: The act of unraveling, or the state of being unraveled.
UNRAZORED Un*ra"zored, a.
Defn: Not shaven. [R.] Milton.
UNREAD Un*read", a.
1. Not read or perused; as, an unread book. Hooker.
2. Not versed in literature; illiterate. Dryden.
UNREADINESS Un*read"i*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unready.
UNREADY Un*read"y, a.
1. Not ready or prepared; not prompt; slow; awkward; clumsy. Dryden. Nor need the unready virgin strike her breast. Keble.
2. Not dressed; undressed. [Obs.]
UNREADY Un*read"y, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + ready.]
Defn: To undress. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.
UNREAL Un*re"al, a.
Defn: Not real; unsubstantial; fanciful; ideal.
UNREALITY Un`re*al"i*ty, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unreal; want of reality.
UNREALIZE Un*re"al*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + realize.]
Defn: To make unreal; to idealize. His fancy . . . unrealizes everything at a touch. Lowell.
UNREALLY Un*re"al*ly, adv.
Defn: In an unreal manner; ideally.
UNREASON Un*rea"son, n. Etym: [Pref. un- not + reason.]
Defn: Want of reason; unreasonableness; absurdity. Abbot of Unreason. See Abbot of Misrule, under Abbot.
UNREASON Un*rea"son, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + reason.]
Defn: To undo, disprove, or refute by reasoning. [Obs.] To unreason the equity of God's proceedings. South.
UNREASONABLE Un*rea"son*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not reasonable; irrational; immoderate; exorbitant. -- Un*rea"son*a*ble*ness, n. -- Un*rea"son*a*bly, adv.
UNREASONED Un*rea"soned, a.
Defn: Not supported by reason; unreasonable. "Unreasoned habits." Burke.
UNREAVE Un*reave", v. t. Etym: [See Unreeve.]
Defn: To unwind; to disentangle; to loose. [Obs.] Spenser.
UNREAVED Un*reaved", a. Etym: [See Un- not, and, for -reaved, cf. Rive, and AS. reófan to break.]
Defn: Not torn, split, or parted; not torn to pieces. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
UNREBUKABLE Un`re*buk"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not deserving rebuke or censure; blameless. 1 Tim. vi. 14.
UNRECURING Un`re*cur"ing, a.
Defn: Incurable. [Obs.] "Some unrecuring wound." Shak.
UNREDEEMED Un`re*deemed", a.
Defn: Not redeemed.
UNREEVE Un*reeve", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + reeve, v. t.] (Naut.)
Defn: To withdraw, or take out, as a rope from a block, thimble, or the like.
UNREFORMATION Un*ref`or*ma"tion, n.
Defn: Want of reformation; state of being unreformed. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
UNREGENERACY Un`re*gen"er*a*cy, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unregenerate. Glanvill.
UNREGENERATE; UNREGENERATED Un`re*gen"er*ate, Un`re*gen"er*a`ted, a.
Defn: Not regenerated; not renewed in heart; remaining or being at enmity with God.
UNREGENERATION Un`re*gen`er*a"tion, n.
Defn: Unregeneracy.
UNREIN Un*rein", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + rein.]
Defn: To loosen the reins of; to remove restraint from. Addison.
UNRELENTING Un`re*lent"ing, a.
Defn: Not relenting; unyielding; rigid; hard; stern; cruel. -- Un`re*lent"ing*ly, adv. -- Un`re*lent"ing*ness, n.
UNRELIABLE Un`re*li"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not reliable; untrustworthy. See Reliable. -- Un`re*li"a*ble*ness, n. Alcibiades . . . was too unsteady, and (according to Mr. Coleridge's coinage) "unreliable;" or perhaps, in more correct English, too "unrelyuponable." De Quincey.
UNRELIGIOUS Un`re*li"gious, a.
Defn: Irreligious. Wordsworth.
UNREMEMBRANCE Un`re*mem"brance, n.
Defn: Want of remembrance; forgetfulness. I. Watts.
UNREMITTING Un`re*mit"ting, a.
Defn: Not remitting; incessant; continued; persevering; as, unremitting exertions. Cowper. -- Un`re*mit"ting*ly, adv. -- Un`re*mit"ting*ness, n.
UNREMORSELESS Un`re*morse"less, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not (intensive) + remorseless.]
Defn: Utterly remorseless. [Obs. & R.] "Unremorseless death." Cowley.
UNREPENTANCE Un`re*pent"ance, n.
Defn: Impenitence. [R.]
UNREPRIEVABLE Un`re*priev"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not capable of being reprieved. Shak.
UNREPROACHABLE Un`re*proach"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not liable to be reproached; irreproachable.
UNREPROVED Un`re*proved, a.
1. Not reproved. Sandys.
2. Not having incurred reproof, blameless. [Obs.] In unreproved pleasures free. Milton.
UNREPUTABLE Un*rep"u*ta*ble, a.
Defn: Disreputable.
UNRESERVE Un`re*serve", n.
Defn: Absence of reverse; frankness; freedom of communication. T. Warton.
UNRESERVED Un`re*served", a.
Defn: Not reserved; not kept back; not withheld in part; unrestrained. -- Un`re*serv"ed*ly, adv. -- Un`re*serv"ed*ness, n.
UNRESISTANCE Un`re*sist"ance, n.
Defn: Nonresistance; passive submission; irresistance. Bp. Hall.
UNRESISTED Un`re*sist"ed, a.
1. Not resisted; unopposed. Bentley.
2. Resistless; as, unresisted fate. [R.] Pope.
UNRESISTIBLE Un`re*sist"i*ble, a.
Defn: Irresistible. W. Temple.
UNRESPECT Un`re*spect", n.
Defn: Disrespect. [Obs.] "Unrespect of her toil." Bp. Hall.
UNRESPONSIBLE Un`re*spon"si*ble, a.
Defn: Irresponsible. Fuller. -- Un`re*spon"si*ble*ness, n.
UNREST Un*rest", n.
Defn: Want of rest or repose; unquietness; sleeplessness; uneasiness; disquietude. Is this, quoth she, the cause of your unrest! Chaucer. Can calm despair and wild unrest Be tenants of a single breast Tennyson.
UNRESTRAINT Un`re*straint", n.
Defn: Freedom from restraint; freedom; liberty; license.
UNRESTY Un*rest"y, a.
Defn: Causing unrest; disquieting; as, unresty sorrows. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNREVENUED Un*rev"e*nued, a.
Defn: Not furnished with a revenue. [R.] Milton.
UNREVERENCE Un*rev"er*ence, n.
Defn: Absence or lack of reverence; irreverence. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNREVEREND Un*rev"er*end, a.
1. Not reverend.
2. Disrespectful; irreverent. [Obs.] Shak.
UNREVERENT Un*rev"er*ent, a.
Defn: Irreverent. [R.] Shak.
UNREVERENTLY Un*rev"er*ent*ly, adv.
Defn: Irreverently. [R.] B. Jonson.
UNRIDDLE Un*rid"dle, v. t. & i. Etym: [1st pref. un- + riddle.]
Defn: To read the riddle of; to solve or explain; as, to unriddle an enigma or a mystery. Macaulay. And where you can't unriddle, learn to trust. Parnell.
UNRIDDLER Un*rid"dler, n.
Defn: One who unriddles. Lovelace.
UNRIG Un*rig", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + rig.] (Naut.)
Defn: To strip of rigging; as, to unrig a ship. Totten.
UNRIGHT Un*right", a. Etym: [AS. unriht. See Un- not, and Right.]
Defn: Not right; wrong. [Obs.] Gower.
UNRIGHT Un*right", n.
Defn: A wrong. [Obs.] Nor did I you never unright. Chaucer.
UNRIGHT Un*right", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + right.]
Defn: To cause (something right) to become wrong. [Obs.] Gower.
UNRIGHTEOUS Un*right"eous, a. Etym: [OE. unrightwise, AS. unrihtwis. See Un- not, and Righteous.]
1. Not righteous; evil; wicked; sinful; as, an unrighteous man.
2. Contrary to law and equity; unjust; as, an unrighteous decree or sentence. -- Un*right"eous*ly, adv. -- Un*right"eous*ness, n.
UNRIGHTWISE Un*right"wise`, a.
Defn: Unrighteous. [Obs.] Wyclif. -- Un*right"wise`ly, adv. [Obs.]
UNRINGED Un*ringed", a.
Defn: Not having a ring, as in the nose. "Pigs unringed." Hudibras.
UNRIOTED Un*ri"ot*ed, a.
Defn: Free from rioting. [Obs.] "A chaste, unrioted house." May (Lucan).
UNRIP Un*rip", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- (intensive) + rip.]
Defn: To rip; to cut open. Bacon.
UNRIPE Un*ripe", a.
1. Not ripe; as, unripe fruit.
2. Developing too early; premature. Sir P. Sidney.
UNRIPENESS Un*ripe"ness, n.
Defn: Quality or state of being unripe.
UNRIVALED Un*ri"valed, a.
Defn: Having no rival; without a competitor; peerless. [Spelt also unrivalled.] Pope.
UNRIVET Un*riv"et, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + rivet.]
Defn: To take out, or loose, the rivets of; as, to unrivet boiler plates.
UNROBE Un*robe", v. t. & i. Etym: [1st pref. un- + robe.]
Defn: To disrobe; to undress; to take off the robes.
UNROLL Un*roll", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + roll.] [Written also unrol.]
1. To open, as what is rolled or convolved; as, to unroll cloth; to unroll a banner.
2. To display; to reveal. Dryden.
3. To remove from a roll or register, as a name. If I make not this cheat bring out another . . . let me be unrolled and my name put in the book of virtue! Shak.
UN-ROMANIZED Un-Ro"man*ized, a.
1. Not subjected to Roman arms or customs. J. Whitaker.
2. (Eccl.)
Defn: Not subjected to the principles or usages of the Roman Catholic Church.
UNROOF Un*roof", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + roof.]
Defn: To strip off the roof or covering of, as a house. Shak.
UNROOFED Un*roofed", a.
1. Etym: [Properly p. p. of unroof.]
Defn: Stripped of a roof, or similar covering. Broken carriages, dead horses, unroofed cottages, all indicated the movements. Sir W. Scott.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- not + roofed.]
Defn: Not yet roofed.
UNROOST Un*roost", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + roost.]
Defn: To drive from the roost. Shak.
UNROOT Un*root", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + root.]
Defn: To tear up by the roots; to eradicate; to uproot.
UNROOT Un*root", v. i.
Defn: To be torn up by the roots. Beau. & Fl.
UNRUDE Un*rude", a. Etym: [Pref. un- + rude. In sense 2 un- is intensive.]
1. Not rude; polished. Herrick.
2. Excessively rude. [Obs. & R.] "See how the unrude rascal backbites him." B. Jonson.
UNRUFFLE Un*ruf"fle, v. i. Etym: [1st pref. un- + ruffle.]
Defn: To cease from being ruffled or agitated. Dryden.
UNRUFFLED Un*ruf"fled, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + ruffled.]
Defn: Not ruffled or agitated; smooth; calm; tranquil; quiet. Calm and unruffled as a summer's sea. Addison.
UNRUINATE; UNRUINATED Un*ru"in*ate, Un*ru"in*a`ted, a.
Defn: Not ruined or destroyed. [Obs.] "Unruinated towers." Bp. Hall.
UNRULED Un*ruled", a.
1. Not governed or controlled. "Unruled and undirected." Spenser.
2. Not ruled or marked with lines; as, unruled paper.
UNRULIMENT Un*rul"i*ment, n.
Defn: Unruliness. [Obs.] "Breaking forth with rude unruliment." Spenser.
UNRULINESS Un*rul"i*ness, n.
Defn: Quality or state unruly.
UNRULY Un*rul"y, a. [Compar. Unrulier (, superl. Unruliest.] Etym: [Pref. un- not + rule. Cf. Ruly.]
Defn: Not submissive to rule; disregarding restraint; disposed to violate; turbulent; ungovernable; refractory; as, an unruly boy; unruly boy; unruly conduct. But the tongue can no man tame; it is an unruly evil, full of deadly poison. James iii. 8.
UNRUMPLE Un*rum"ple, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + rumple.]
Defn: To free from rumples; to spread or lay even,
UNSACRAMENT Un*sac"ra*ment, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sacrament.]
Defn: To deprive of sacramental character or efficacy; as, to unsacrament the rite of baptism. [Obs.]
UNSAD Un*sad", a. Etym: [AS. unsæd unsated, insatiable. See Un- not, and Sad.]
Defn: Unsteady; fickle. [Obs.] O, stormy people, unsad and ever untrue. Chaucer.
UNSADDEN Un*sad"den, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sadden.]
Defn: To relieve from sadness; to cheer. [R.] Whitlock.
UNSADDLE Un*sad"dle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + saddle.]
1. To strip of a saddle; to take the saddle from, as a horse.
2. To throw from the saddle; to unhorse.
UNSADNESS Un*sad"ness, n. Etym: [From Unsad.]
Defn: Infirmity; weakness. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNSAFETY Un*safe"ty, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being in peril; absence of safety; insecurity. Bacon.
UNSAINT Un*saint", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + saint.]
Defn: To deprive of saintship; to deny sanctity to. [R.] South.
UNSAINTLY Un*saint"ly, a.
Defn: Unbecoming to a saint. Gauden.
UNSALABLE Un*sal"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not salable; unmerchantable. -- n.
Defn: That which can not be sold. Byron.
UNSANCTIFICATION Un*sanc`ti*fi*ca"tion, n.
Defn: Absence or lack of sanctification. Shak.
UNSATIABILITY Un*sa`ti*a*bil"i*ty, n.
Defn: Quality of being unsatiable; insatiability. [Obs.]
UNSATIABLE Un*sa"ti*a*ble, a.
Defn: Insatiable. [Obs.] Hooker. -- Un*sa"ti*a*ble*ness, n. [Obs.] -- Un*sa"ti*a*bly, adv. [Obs.]
UNSATIATE Un*sa"ti*ate, a.
Defn: Insatiate. Dr. H. More.
UNSATISFACTION Un*sat`is*fac"tion, n.
Defn: Dissatisfaction. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
UNSATURATED Un*sat"u*ra`ted, a.
1. Capable of absorbing or dissolving to a greater degree; as, an unsaturated solution.
2. (Chem.)
Defn: Capable of taking up, or of uniting with, certain other elements or compounds, without the elimination of any side product; thus, aldehyde, ethylene, and ammonia are unsaturated.
UNSATURATION Un*sat`u*ra"tion, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unsaturated.
UNSAY Un*say, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + say.]
Defn: To recant or recall, as what has been said; to refract; to take back again; to make as if not said. You can say and unsay things at pleasure. Goldsmith.
UNSCALE Un*scale", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + scale.]
Defn: To divest of scales; to remove scales from. [An eagle] purging and unscaling her long-abused sight at the fountain itself of heavenly radiance. Milton.
UNSCAPABLE Un*scap"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not be escaped; inevitable. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNSCEPTERED; UNSCEPTRED Un*scep"tered, Un*scep"tred, a.
1. Etym: [Pref. un- not + sceptered.]
Defn: Having no scepter.
2. Etym: [1st pref. un- + scepter.]
Defn: Deprived of a scepter.
UNSCIENCE Un*sci"ence, n.
Defn: Want of science or knowledge; ignorance. [Obs.] If that any wight ween a thing to be otherwise than it is, it is not only unscience, but it is deceivable opinion. Chaucer.
UNSCREW Un*screw", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + screw.]
Defn: To draw the screws from; to loose from screws; to loosen or withdraw (anything, as a screw) by turning it.
UNSCRUPULOUS Un*scru"pu*lous, a.
Defn: Not scrupulous; unprincipled. -- Un*scru"pu*lous*ly, adv. -- Un*scru"pu*lous*ness, n.
UNSCRUTABLE Un*scru"ta*ble, a.
Defn: Inscrutable. [R.]
UNSCUTCHEONED Un*scutch"eoned, a.
Defn: Destitute of an escutcheon. [R.] Pollock.
UNSEAL Un*seal", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + seal.]
1. To break or remove the seal of; to open, as what is sealed; as, to unseal a letter. Unable to unseal his lips beyond the width of a quarter of an inch. Sir W. Scott.
2. To disclose, as a secret. [Obs.] The Coronation.
UNSEAM Un*seam, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + seam.]
Defn: To open the seam or seams of; to rip; to cut; to cut open. Shak.
UNSEARCHABLE Un*search"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not searchable; inscrutable; hidden; mysterious. The counsels of God are to us unsearchable. Rogers. -- Un*search"a*ble*ness, n. -- Un*search"a*bly, adv.
UNSEASON Un*sea"son, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + season.]
1. To make unseasoned; to deprive of seasoning.
2. To strike unseasonably; to affect disagreeably or unfavorably. [Obs.] Why do I send this rustic madrigal, That may thy tuneful ear unseason quite Spenser.
UNSEASONABLE Un*sea"son*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not seasonable; being, done, or occurring out of the proper season; ill-timed; untimely; too early or too late; as, he called at an unseasonable hour; unseasonable advice; unseasonable frosts; unseasonable food. -- Un*sea"son*a*ble*ness, n. -- Un*sea"son*a*bly, adv.
UNSEASONED Un*sea"soned, a.
1. Not seasoned.
2. Untimely; ill-timed. [Obs.] Shak.
UNSEAT Un*seat", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + seat.]
1. To throw from one's seat; to deprive of a seat. Cowper.
2. Specifically, to deprive of the right to sit in a legislative body, as for fraud in election. Macaulay.
UNSECONDED Un*sec"ond*ed, a.
1. Not seconded; not supported, aided, or assisted; as, the motion was unseconded; the attempt was unseconded.
2. Not exemplified a second time. [Obs.] "Strange and unseconded shapes of worms." Sir T. Browne.
UNSECRET Un*se"cret, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + secret.]
Defn: To disclose; to divulge. [Obs.] Bacon.
UNSECRET Un*se"cret, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + secret.]
Defn: Not secret; not close; not trusty; indiscreet. [Obs.] "We are unsecret to ourselves." Shak.
UNSECULARIZE Un*sec"u*lar*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + secularize.]
Defn: To cause to become not secular; to detach from secular things; to alienate from the world.
UNSECURE Un`se*cure", a.
Defn: Insecure. [R.] Milton.
UNSEEL Un*seel", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + seel.]
Defn: To open, as the eyes of a hawk that have been seeled; hence, to give light to; to enlighten. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
UNSEEM Un*seem", v. i. Etym: [1st pref. un- + seem.]
Defn: Not to seem. [Obs.] Shak.
UNSEEMING Un*seem"ing, a.
Defn: Unbeseeming; not fit or becoming.
UNSEEMLINESS Un*seem"li*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unseemly; unbecomingness. Udall.
UNSEEMLY Un*seem"ly, a.
Defn: Not seemly; unbecoming; indecent. An unseemly outbreak of temper. Hawthorne.
UNSEEMLY Un*seem"ly, adv.
Defn: In an unseemly manner.
UNSEEN Un*seen", a.
1. Not seen or discovered.
2. Unskilled; inexperienced. [Obs.] Clarendon.
UNSELDOM Un*sel"dom, adv.
Defn: Not seldom; frequently. [R.]
UNSELY Un*se"ly, a. Etym: [AS. uns. See Un- not, and Silly.]
Defn: Not blessed or happy; wretched; unfortunate. [Written also unsilly.] [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Un*se"li*ness, n. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNSEMINARED Un*sem"i*nared, a. Etym: [See 1st Un-, and Semen.]
Defn: Deprived of virility, or seminal energy; made a eunuch. [Obs.]
UNSENSED Un*sensed, a.
Defn: Wanting a distinct meaning; having no certain signification. [R.] Puller.
UNSENSIBLE Un*sen"si*ble, a.
Defn: Insensible. [Obs.]
UNSENSUALIZE Un*sen"su*al*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sensualize.]
Defn: To elevate from the domain of the senses; to purify. Coleridge.
UNSEPARABLE Un*sep"a*ra*ble, a.
Defn: Inseparable. [Obs.] "In love unseparable." Shak.
UNSERVICE Un*serv"ice, n.
Defn: Neglect of duty; idleness; indolence. [Obs.] Massinger.
UNSET Un*set", a.
Defn: Not set; not fixed or appointed.
UNSETTLE Un*set"tle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + settle.]
Defn: To move or loosen from a settled position or state; to unfix; to displace; to disorder; to confuse.
UNSETTLE Un*set"tle, v. i.
Defn: To become unsettled or unfixed; to be disordered. Shak.
UNSETTLEDNESS Un*set"tled*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unsettled.
UNSETTLEMENT Un*set"tle*ment, n.
Defn: The act of unsettling, or state of being unsettled; disturbance. J. H. Newman.
UNSEVEN Un*sev"en, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + seven.]
Defn: To render other than seven; to make to be no longer seven. [Obs. & R.] "To unseven the sacraments of the church of Rome." Fuller.
UNSEW Un*sew", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sew.]
Defn: To undo, as something sewn, or something inclosed by sewing; to rip apart; to take out the stitches of.
UNSEX Un*sex", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Unsexed; p. pr. & vb. n. Unsexing.] Etym: [1st pref. un- + sex.]
Defn: To deprive of sex, or of qualities becoming to one's sex; esp., to make unfeminine in character, manners, duties, or the like; as, to unsex a woman.
UNSEXUAL Un*sex"u*al, a.
Defn: Not sexual; not proper or peculiar to one of the sexes. De Quincey.
UNSHACKLE Un*shac"kle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shackle.]
Defn: To loose from shackles or bonds; to set free from restraint; to unfetter. Addison.
UNSHAKABLE Un*shak"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not capable of being shaken; firm; fixed. Shak. J. S. Mill.
UNSHAKED Un*shaked", a.
Defn: Unshaken. [Obs.] Shak.
UNSHALE Un*shale", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shale.]
Defn: To strip the shale, or husk, from; to uncover. [Obs.] I will not unshale the jest before it be ripe. Marston.
UNSHAPE Un*shape, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shape.]
Defn: To deprive of shape, or of proper shape; to disorder; to confound; to derange. [R.] Shak.
UNSHAPED; UNSHAPEN Un*shaped", Un*shap"en, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + shaped, shapen.]
Defn: Not shaped; shapeless; misshapen; deformed; ugly.
UNSHEATHE Un*sheathe", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sheath.]
Defn: To deprive of a sheath; to draw from the sheath or scabbard, as a sword. To unsheathe the sword, to make war.
UNSHED Un*shed", a.
1. Not parted or divided, as the hair. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Not spilt, or made to flow, as blood or tears. Milton.
UNSHELL Un*shell", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shell.]
Defn: To strip the shell from; to take out of the shell; to hatch.
UNSHELVE Un*shelve", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shelve.]
Defn: To remove from, or as from, a shelf.
UNSHENT Un*shent, a.
Defn: Not shent; not disgraced; blameless. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
UNSHERIFF Un*sher"iff, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sheriff.]
Defn: To depose from the office of sheriff. [R.]
UNSHET Un*shet", v. t.
Defn: To unshut. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNSHIFTABLE Un*shift"a*ble, a.
1. That may
2. Shiftless; helpless. [Obs.]
UNSHIP Un*ship", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + ship.]
1. To take out of a ship or vessel; as, to unship goods.
2. (Naut.)
Defn: To remove or detach, as any part or implement, from its proper position or connection when in use; as, to unship an oar; to unship capstan bars; to unship the tiller.
UNSHIPMENT Un*ship"ment, n.
Defn: The act of unshipping, or the state of being unshipped; displacement.
UNSHOT Un*shot", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shot.]
Defn: To remove the shot from, as from a shotted gun; to unload.
UNSHOT Un*shot", a. Etym: [Pref. un- + shot.]
Defn: Not hit by a shot; also, not discharged or fired off.
UNSHOUT Un*shout", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shout.]
Defn: To recall what is done by shouting. [Obs.] Shak.
UNSHROUD Un*shroud" (, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shroud.]
Defn: To remove the shroud from; to uncover. P. Fletcher.
UNSHRUBBED Un*shrubbed", a.
Defn: Being without shrubs.
UNSHUT Un*shut", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shut.]
Defn: To open, or throw open. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNSHUTTER Un*shut"ter, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + shutter.]
Defn: To open or remove the shutters of. T. Hughes.
UNSIGHT Un*sight", a.
Defn: Doing or done without sight; not seeing or examining. [Colloq.] Unsight unseen, a colloquial phrase, denoting unseeing unseen, or unseen repeated; as, to buy a thing unsight unseen, that is, without seeing it. For to subscribe, unsight, unseen, To a new church discipline. Hudibras. There was a great confluence of chapmen, that resorted from every part, with a design to purchase, which they were to do "unsight unseen." Spectator.
UNSIGHTABLE Un*sight"a*ble, a.
Defn: Invisible. [Obs.]
UNSIGHTED Un*sight"ed, a.
1. Not sighted, or seen. Suckling.
2. (Gun.)
Defn: Not aimed by means of a sight; also, not furnished with a sight, or with a properly adjusted sight; as, to shoot and unsighted rife or cannon.
UNSIGNIFICANT Un`sig*nif"i*cant, a.
Defn: Insignificant. [Obs.] Holland.
UNSILLY Un*sil"ly, a.
Defn: See Unsely. [Obs.]
UNSIMPLICITY Un`sim*plic"i*ty, n.
Defn: Absence of simplicity; artfulness. C. Kingsley.
UNSIN Un*sin", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sin.]
Defn: To deprive of sinfulness, as a sin; to make sinless. [Obs.] Feltham.
UNSINCERE Un`sin*cere", a.
Defn: Not sincere or pure; insincere. [Obs.] Dryden. -- Un`sin*cere"ness, n. [Obs.]
UNSINCERITY Un`sin*cer"i*ty, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unsincere or impure; insincerity. [Obs.] Boyle.
UNSINEW Un*sin"ew, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sinew.]
Defn: To deprive of sinews or of strength. [R.] Dryden.
UNSISTER Un*sis"ter, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sister.]
Defn: To separate, as sisters; to disjoin. [Poetic & R.] Tennyson.
UNSISTERLY Un*sis"ter*ly, a.
Defn: Not sisterly. Richardson.
UNSISTING Un*sist"ing, a.
Defn: Unresisting. [Obs.] "The unsisting postern." Shak.
UNSITTING Un*sit"ting, a.
Defn: Not sitting well; unbecoming. [Obs.] "Unsitting words." Sir T. More.
UNSKILL Un*skill", n.
Defn: Want of skill; ignorance; unskillfulness. [Obs.] Sylvester.
UNSKILLFUL Un*skill"ful, a. Etym: [Spelt also unskilful.]
1. Not skillful; inexperienced; awkward; bungling; as, an unskillful surgeon or mechanic; an unskillful logician.
2. Lacking discernment; injudicious; ignorant. Though it make the unskillful laugh, can not but make the judicious grieve. Shak. -- Un*skill"ful*ly, adv. -- Un*skill"ful*ness, n.
UNSLACKED Un*slacked", a.
Defn: Not slacked; unslaked; as, unslacked lime.
UNSLAKED Un*slaked", a.
Defn: Not slaked; unslacked; as, an unslaked thirst; unslaked lime.
UNSLING Un*sling", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sling.] (Naut.)
Defn: To take off the slings of, as a yard, a cask, or the like; to release from the slings. Totten.
UNSLUICE Un*sluice", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sluice.]
Defn: To sluice; to open the sluice or sluices of; to let flow; to discharge. Dryden.
UNSOCIABILITY Un*so`cia*bil"i*ty, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unsociable; unsociableness.
UNSOCIABLE Un*so"cia*ble, a.
Defn: Not sociable; not inclined to society; averse to companionship or conversation; solitary; reserved; as, an unsociable person or temper. -- Un*so"cia*ble*ness, n. -- Un*so"cia*bly, adv.
UNSOCKET Un*sock"et, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + socket.]
Defn: To loose or take from a socket.
UNSOFT Un*soft", a.
Defn: Not soft; hard; coarse; rough. [Obs.] "Bristles of his beard unsoft." Chaucer.
UNSOFT Un*soft", adv. Etym: [AS. uns. See Un- not, and Soft.]
Defn: Not softly. [Obs.] Great climbers fall unsoft. Spenser.
UNSOLDER Un*sol"der, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + solder.]
Defn: To separate or disunite, as what has been soldered; hence, to divide; to sunder. [Formerly written also unsoder.] Tennyson.
UNSOLDIERED Un*sol"diered, a.
Defn: Not equipped like a soldier; unsoldierlike. [Obs.] J. Fletcher.
UNSOLEMNIZE Un*sol"em*nize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + solemnize.]
Defn: To divest of solemnity.
UNSONABLE Un*so"na*ble, a. Etym: [Pref. un- + L. sonabilis sounding, from sonare to sound.]
Defn: Incapable of being sounded. [Obs.]
UNSONSY Un*son"sy, a. Etym: [See Un- not, and Soncy.]
Defn: Not soncy (sonsy); not fortunate. [Scot.]
UNSOOT Un*soot", a. Etym: [AS. unsw. See Un- not, and Sweet.]
Defn: Not sweet. [Obs.] Spenser.
UNSOPHISTICATE; UNSOPHISTICATED Un`so*phis"ti*cate, Un`so*phis"ti*ca`ted, a.
Defn: Not sophisticated; pure; innocent; genuine. -- Un`so*phis"ti*ca`ted*ness, n.
UNSORROWED Un*sor"rowed, a.
Defn: Not sorrowed for; unlamented. Beau. & Fl.
UNSORTED Un*sort"ed, a.
1. Not sorted; not classified; as, a lot of unsorted goods.
2. Not well selected; ill-chosen. The purpose you undertake is dangerous; the friends you named uncertain; the time itself unsorted. Shak.
UNSOUL Un*soul", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + soul.]
Defn: To deprive of soul, spirit, or principle. [R.] Shelton.
UNSOUND Un*sound", a.
Defn: Not sound; not whole; not solid; defective; infirm; diseased. -- Un*sound"ly, adv. -- Un*sound"ness, n.
UNSPAR Un*spar", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + spar.]
Defn: To take the spars, stakes, or bars from. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
UNSPARING Un*spar"ing, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + sparing, p. pr. of spare.]
1. Not sparing; not parsimonious; liberal; profuse. Burke.
2. Not merciful or forgiving. [R.] Milton. -- Un*spar"ing*ly, adv. -- Un*spar"ing*ness, n.
UNSPEAK Un*speak", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + speak.]
Defn: To retract, as what has been spoken; to recant; to unsay. [R.] Shak.
UNSPEAKABLE Un*speak"a*ble, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + speakable.]
Defn: Not speakable; incapable of being uttered or adequately described; inexpressible; unutterable; ineffable; as, unspeakable grief or rage. -- Un*speak"a*bly, adv. Ye rejoice with joy unspeakable and full of glory. 1 Pet. i. 8.
UNSPECIALIZED Un*spe"cial*ized, a.
Defn: Not specialized; specifically (Biol.), not adapted, or set apart, for any particular purpose or function; as, an unspecialized unicellular organism. W. K. Brooks.
UNSPED Un*sped", a.
Defn: Not performed; not dispatched. [Obs.] Garth.
UNSPELL Un*spell", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + spell.]
Defn: To break the power of (a spell); to release (a person) from the influence of a spell; to disenchant. [R.] Such practices as these, . . . The more judicious Israelites unspelled. Dryden.
UNSPHERE Un*sphere", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sphere.]
Defn: To remove, as a planet, from its sphere or orb. Shak.
UNSPIKE Un*spike", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + spike.]
Defn: To remove a spike from, as from the vent of a cannon.
UNSPILT Un*spilt", a.
Defn: Not spilt or wasted; not shed.
UNSPIN Un*spin", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + spin.]
Defn: To untwist, as something spun.
UNSPIRIT Un*spir"it, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + spirit.]
Defn: To dispirit. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.
UNSPIRITALIZE Un*spir"it*al*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + spiritualize.]
Defn: To deprive of spiritually. South.
UNSPLEENED Un*spleened", a. Etym: [1st pref. un- + spleen.]
Defn: Deprived of a spleen.
UNSPOTTED Un*spot"ted, a.
Defn: Not spotted; free from spot or stain; especially, free from moral stain; unblemished; immaculate; as, an unspotted reputation. -- Un*spot"ted*ness, n.
UNSQUIRE Un*squire", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + squire.]
Defn: To divest of the title or privilege of an esquire. Swift.
UNSTABLE Un*sta"ble, a. Etym: [Cf. Instable.]
Defn: Not stable; not firm, fixed, or constant; subject to change or overthrow. -- Un*sta"ble*ness, n. Chaucer. Unstable equilibrium. See Stable equilibrium, under Stable.
UNSTACK Un*stack", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + stack.]
Defn: To remove, or take away, from a stack; to remove, as something constituting a stack.
UNSTARCH Un*starch", v. t. Etym: [Pref. un- + starch.]
Defn: To free from starch; to make limp or pliable.
UNSTATE Un*state", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + state.]
Defn: To deprive of state or dignity. [R.] High-battled Cæsar will unstate his happiness. Shak.
UNSTEEL Un*steel", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + steel.]
Defn: To disarm; to soften. Richardson.
UNSTEP Un*step", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + step.] (Naut.)
Defn: To remove, as a mast, from its step.
UNSTICK Un*stick", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + stick.]
Defn: To release, as one thing stuck to another. Richardson.
UNSTILL Un*still", a. Etym: [AS. unstille. See Un- not, and Still, a.]
Defn: Not still; restless. [R.]
UNSTING Un*sting", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sting.]
Defn: To disarm of a sting; to remove the sting of. [R.] "Elegant dissertations on virtue and vice . . . will not unsting calamity." J. M. Mason.
UNSTITCH Un*stitch", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + stitch.]
Defn: To open by picking out stitches; to take out, or undo, the stitches of; as, to unstitch a seam. Collier.
UNSTOCK Un*stock", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + stock.]
1. To deprive of a stock; to remove the stock from; to loose from that which fixes, or holds fast.
2. To remove from the stocks, as a ship.
UNSTOCKINGED Un*stock"inged, a.
1. Etym: [Pref. un- not + stocking.]
Defn: Destitute of stockings. Sir W. Scott.
2. Etym: [1st pref. un- + stocking.]
Defn: Deprived of stockings.
UNSTOP Un*stop", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + stop.]
1. To take the stopple or stopper from; as, to unstop a bottle or a cask.
2. To free from any obstruction; to open.
UNSTRAIN Un*strain", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + strain.]
Defn: To relieve from a strain; to relax. B. Jonson.
UNSTRAINED Un*strained", a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + strain.]
1. Not strained; not cleared or purified by straining; as, unstrained oil or milk.
2. Not forced; easy; natural; as, a unstrained deduction or inference. Hakewill.
UNSTRATIFIED Un*strat"i*fied, a. (Geol.)
Defn: Not stratified; -- applied to massive rocks, as granite, porphyry, etc., and also to deposits of loose material, as the glacial till, which occur in masses without layers or strata.
UNSTRENGTH Un*strength", n.
Defn: Want of strength; weakness; feebleness. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNSTRIATED Un*stri"a*ted, a. (Nat. Hist.)
Defn: Nonstriated; unstriped.
UNSTRING Un*string", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + string.]
1. To deprive of a string or strings; also, to take from a string; as, to unstring beads.
2. To loosen the string or strings of; as, to unstring a harp or a bow.
3. To relax the tension of; to loosen. "His garland they unstring." Dryden.
Defn: Used also figuratively; as, his nerves were unstrung by fear.
UNSTRIPED Un*striped", a.
1. Not striped.
2. (Nat. Hist.)
Defn: Without marks or striations; nonstriated; as, unstriped muscle fibers.
UNSTUDIED Un*stud"ied, a.
1. Not studied; not acquired by study; unlabored; natural.
2. Not skilled; unversed; -- followed by in.
3. Not spent in study. [Obs.] "To cloak the defects of their unstudied years." Milton.
UNSUBSTANTIAL Un`sub*stan"tial, a.
Defn: Lacking in matter or substance; visionary; chimerical.
UNSUBSTANTIALIZE Un`sub*stan"tial*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + substantialize.]
Defn: To make unsubstantial. [R.]
UNSUBSTANTIATION Un`sub*stan`ti*a"tion, n. Etym: [1st pref. un- + substantiation.]
Defn: A divesting of substantiality.
UNSUCCEEDABLE Un`suc*ceed"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not able or likely to succeed. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
UNSUCCESS Un`suc*cess", n.
Defn: Want of success; failure; misfortune. Prof. Wilson.
UNSUCCESSFUL Un`suc*cess"ful, a.
Defn: Not successful; not producing the desired event; not fortunate; meeting with, or resulting in, failure; unlucky; unhappy. -- Un`suc*cess"ful*ly, adv. -- Un`suc*cess"ful*ness, n.
UNSUFFERABLE Un*suf"fer*a*ble, a.
Defn: Insufferable. [Obs.] Hooker. -- Un*suf"fer*a*bly, adv. [Obs.]
UNSUFFERING Un*suf"fer*ing, n.
Defn: Inability or incapability of enduring, or of being endured. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNSUFFICIENCE; UNSUFFICIENCY Un`suf*fi"cience, Un`suf*fi"cien*cy, n.
Defn: Insufficiency. [Obs.] Hooker.
UNSUFFICIENT Un`suf*fi"cient, a.
Defn: Insufficient. [Obs.]
UNSUIT Un*suit", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + suit.]
Defn: Not to suit; to be unfit for. [Obs.] Quarles.
UNSUPPORTABLE Un`sup*port"a*ble, a.
Defn: Insupportable; unendurable. -- Un`sup*port"a*ble*ness, n. Bp. Wilkins. -- Un`sup*port"a*bly, adv.
UNSURED Un*sured", a.
Defn: Not made sure. [Obs.] Thy now unsured assurance to the crown. Shak.
UNSURETY Un*sure"ty, n.
Defn: Want of surety; uncertainty; insecurity; doubt. [Obs.] Sir T. More.
UNSURMOUNTABLE Un`sur*mount"a*ble, a.
Defn: Insurmountable. Locke.
UNSUSPICION Un`sus*pi"cion, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unsuspecting. Dickens.
UNSWADDLE Un*swad"dle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + swaddle.]
Defn: To take a swaddle from; to unswathe.
UNSWATHE Un*swathe", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + swathe.]
Defn: To take a swathe from; to relieve from a bandage; to unswaddle. Addison.
UNSWAYABLE Un*sway"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not capable of being swayed. Shak.
UNSWEAR Un*swear", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + swear.]
Defn: To recant or recall, as an oath; to recall after having sworn; to abjure. J. Fletcher.
UNSWEAR Un*swear", v. i.
Defn: To recall an oath. Spenser.
UNSWEAT Un*sweat", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + sweat.]
Defn: To relieve from perspiration; to ease or cool after exercise or toil. [R.] Milton.
UNSWELL Un*swell", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + swell.]
Defn: To sink from a swollen state; to subside. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNSYMMETRICAL Un`sym*met"ric*al, a.
1. Wanting in symmetry, or due proportion pf parts.
2. (Biol.)
Defn: Not symmetrical; being without symmetry, as the parts of a flower when similar parts are of different size and shape, or when the parts of successive circles differ in number. See Symmetry.
3. (Chem.)
Defn: Being without symmetry of chemical structure or relation; as, an unsymmetrical carbon atom. Unsymmetrical carbon atom (Chem.), one which is united at once to four different atoms or radicals. This condition usually occasions physical isomerism, with the attendant action on polarized light.
UNSYMMETRICALLY Un`sym*met"ric*al*ly, adv.
Defn: Not symmetrically.
UNSYMPATHY Un*sym"pa*thy, n.
Defn: Absence or lack of sympathy.
UNTACK Un*tack", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tack.]
Defn: To separate, as what is tacked; to disjoin; to release. being untacked from honest cares. Barrow.
UNTACKLE Un*tac"kle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tackle.]
Defn: To unbitch; to unharness. [Colloq.] Tusser.
UNTALKED Un*talked", a.
Defn: Not talked; not mentioned; -- often with of. Shak.
UNTANGIBILITY Un*tan`gi*bil"i*ty, n.
Defn: Intangibility.
UNTANGIBLE Un*tan"gi*ble, a.
Defn: Intangible. [R.]
UNTANGIBLY Un*tan"gi*bly, adv.
Defn: Intangibly. [R.]
UNTANGLE Un*tan"gle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tangle.]
Defn: To loose from tangles or intricacy; to disentangle; to resolve; as, to untangle thread. Untangle but this cruel chain. Prior.
UNTAPPICE Un*tap"pice, v. i. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tappice.]
Defn: to come out of concealment. [Obs.] Massinger.
UNTASTE Un*taste", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + taste.]
Defn: To deprive of a taste for a thing. [R.] Daniel.
UNTEACH Un*teach", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + teach.]
1. To cause to forget, or to lose from memory, or to disbelieve what has been taught. Experience will unteach us. Sir T. Browne. One breast laid open were a school Which would unteach mankind the lust to shine or rule. Byron.
2. To cause to be forgotten; as, to unteach what has been learned. Dryden.
UNTEAM Un*team", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + team.]
Defn: To unyoke a team from. [R.] Jer. Taylor.
UNTEMPER Un*tem"per, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + temper.]
Defn: To deprive of temper, or of the proper degree of temper; to make soft.
UNTEMPERATE Un*tem"per*ate, a.
Defn: Intemperate. [Obs.]
UNTEMPERATELY Un*tem"per*ate*ly, adv.
Defn: Intemperately. [Obs.]
UNTEMPTER Un*tempt"er, n.
Defn: One who does not tempt, or is not a tempter. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNTENANT Un*ten"ant, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tenant.]
Defn: To remove a tenant from. [R.] Coleridge.
UNTENT Un*tent", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tent.]
Defn: To bring out of a tent. [R.] Shak.
UNTENTED Un*tent"ed, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + tent a covering.]
Defn: Having no tent or tents, as a soldier or a field.
UNTENTED Un*tent"ed, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + tented, p. p. of tent to probe.]
Defn: Not tended; not dressed. See 4th Tent. The untented woundings of a father's curse Pierce every sense about thee! Shak.
UNTHANK Un*thank", n. Etym: [AS. unpank. See Un- not, Thank.]
Defn: No thanks; ill will; misfortune. [Obs.] Unthank come on his head that bound him so. Chaucer.
UNTHINK Un*think", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + think.]
Defn: To recall or take back, as something thought. Shak.
UNTHINKER Un*think"er, n. Etym: [Pref. un- + thinker.]
Defn: A person who does not think, or does not think wisely.
UNTHINKING Un*think"ing, a.
1. Not thinking; not heedful; thoughtless; inconsiderate; as, unthinking youth.
2. Not indicating thought or reflection; thoughtless. With earnest eyes, and round unthinking face, He first the snuffbox opened, then the case. Pope. -- Un*think"ing*ly, adv. -- Un*think"ing*ness, n.
UNTHREAD Un*thread", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + thread.]
1. To draw or take out a thread from; as, to unthread a needle.
2. To deprive of ligaments; to loose the ligaments of. He with his bare wand can unthread thy joints. Milton.
3. To make one's way through; to traverse; as, to unthread a devious path. De Quincey.
UNTHRIFT Un"thrift`, n.
1. Want of thrift; untriftiness; prodigality.
2. An unthrifty. [Obs.] Dryden.
UNTHRIFT Un*thrift", a.
Defn: Unthrifty. [Obs.]
UNTHRIFTFULLY Un*thrift"ful*ly, adv.
Defn: Not thriftily. [Obs.] "Unthriftfully spent." Sir J. Cheke.
UNTHRIFTIHEAD; UNTHRIFTIHOOD Un*thrift"i*head, Un*thrift"i*hood, n.
Defn: Untriftiness. [Obs.] Spenser.
UNTHRIFTILY Un*thrift"i*ly, adv.
1. Not thriftily.
2. Improperly; unbecomingly. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNTHRIFTINESS Un*thrift"i*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state or being unthrifty; profuseness; lavishness. Udall.
UNTHRIFTY Un*thrift"y, a.
Defn: Not thrifty; profuse. Spenser.
UNTHRONE Un*throne", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + throne.]
Defn: To remove from, or as from, a throne; to dethrone. Milton.
UNTIDY Un*ti"dy, a.
1. Unseasonable; untimely. [Obs.] "Untidy tales." Piers Plowman.
2. Not tidy or neat; slovenly. -- Un*ti"di*ly, adv. -- Un*ti"di*ness, n.
UNTIE Un*tie", v. t. Etym: [AS. unt. See 1st Un-, and Tie, v. t.]
1. To loosen, as something interlaced or knotted; to disengage the parts of; as, to untie a knot. Sacharissa's captive fain Would untie his iron chain. Waller. Her snakes untied, sulphurous waters drink. Pope.
2. To free from fastening or from restraint; to let loose; to unbind. Though you untie the winds, and let them fight Against the churches. Shak. All the evils of an untied tongue we put upon the accounts of drunkenness. Jer. Taylor.
3. To resolve; to unfold; to clear. They quicken sloth, perplexities untie. Denham.
UNTIE Un*tie", v. i.
Defn: To become untied or loosed.
UNTIGHTEN Un*tight"en, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tighten.]
Defn: To make less tight or tense; to loosen.
UNTIL Un*til", prep. Etym: [OE. until, ontil; un- (as in unto) + til till; cf. Dan. indtil, Sw. intill. See Unto, and Till, prep.]
1. To; unto; towards; -- used of material objects. Chaucer. Taverners until them told the same. Piers Plowman. He roused himself full blithe, and hastened them until. Spenser.
2. To; up to; till; before; -- used of time; as, he staid until evening; he will not come back until the end of the month. He and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity. Judg. xviii. 30.
Note: In contracts and like documents until is construed as exclusive of the date mentioned unless it was the manifest intent of the parties to include it.
UNTIL Un*til", conj.
Defn: As far as; to the place or degree that; especially, up to the time that; till. See Till, conj. In open prospect nothing bounds our eye, Until the earth seems joined unto the sky. Dryden. But the rest of the dead lives not again until the thousand years were finished. Rev. xx. 5.
UNTILE Un*tile", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tile.]
Defn: To take the tiles from; to uncover by removing the tiles.
UNTIME Un*time", n.
Defn: An unseasonable time. [Obs.] A man shall not eat in untime. Chaucer.
UNTIMELINESS Un*time"li*ness, n.
Defn: Unseasonableness.
UNTIMELY Un*time"ly, a.
Defn: Not timely; done or happening at an unnatural, unusual, or improper time; unseasonable; premature; inopportune; as, untimely frosts; untimely remarks; an untimely death.
UNTIMELY Un*time"ly, adv.
Defn: Out of the natural or usual time; inopportunely; prematurely; unseasonably. "Let them know . . . what's untimely done." Shak.
UNTIMEOUS Un*time"ous, a.
Defn: Untimely. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
UNTIMEOUSLY Un*time"ous*ly, adv.
Defn: Untimely; unseasonably. [R.]
UNTITHED Un*tithed", a.
Defn: Not subjected tithes.
UNTITLED Un*ti"tled, a.
1. Not titled; having no title, or appellation of dignity or distinction. Spenser.
2. Being without title or right; not entitled. Shak.
UNTO Un"to, prep. Etym: [OE. unto; un- (only in unto, until) unto, as far as + to to; this un- is akin to AS. und OS. und until, conj. (cf. OS. unt unto, OHG. unzi), Goth. und unto, until. See To, and cf. Until.]
1. To; -- now used only in antiquated, formal, or scriptural style. See To.
2. Until; till. [Obs.] "He shall abide it unto the death of the priest." Num. xxxv. 25.
UNTO Un"to, conj.
Defn: Until; till. [Obs.] "Unto this year be gone." Chaucer.
UNTOLD Un*told", a.
1. Not told; not related; not revealed; as, untold secrets.
2. Not numbered or counted; as, untold money.
UNTOLERABLE Un*tol"er*a*ble, a.
Defn: Intolerable. [Obs.]
UNTOMB Un*tomb", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tomb.]
Defn: To take from the tomb; to exhume; to disinter. Fuller.
UNTONGUE Un*tongue, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tongue.]
Defn: To deprive of a tongue, or of voice. [Obs.] Fuller.
UNTOOTH Un*tooth", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tooth.]
Defn: To take out the teeth of. Cowper.
UNTOWARD Un*to"ward, prep. Etym: [Unto + -ward.]
Defn: Toward. [Obs.] Gower.
UNTOWARD Un*to"ward, a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + toward.]
1. Froward; perverse. "Save yourselves from this untoward generation." Acts ii. 40.
2. Awkward; ungraceful. "Untoward words." Creech. "Untoward manner." Swift.
3. Inconvenient; troublesome; vexatious; unlucky; unfortunate; as, an untoward wind or accident. -- Un*to"ward*ly, adv. -- Un*to"ward*ness, n.
UNTOWARDLY Un*to"ward*ly, a.
Defn: Perverse; froward; untoward. "Untowardly tricks and vices." Locke.
UNTRADED Un*trad"ed, a.
1. Not dealt with in trade; not visited for purposes of trade. [Obs.] Hakluyt
2. Unpracticed; inexperienced. [Obs.] Udall.
3. Not traded in or bartered; hence, not hackneyed; unusual; not common. Shak.
UNTRAINED Un*trained", a.
1. Not trained. Shak.
2. Not trainable; indocile. [Obs.] Herbert.
UNTRAMMELED Un*tram"meled, a.
Defn: Not hampered or impeded; free. [Written also untrammelled.]
UNTRAVELED Un*trav"eled, a. Etym: [Written also untravelled.]
1. Not traveled; not trodden by passengers; as, an untraveled forest.
2. Having never visited foreign countries; not having gained knowledge or experience by travel; as, an untraveled Englishman. Addison.
UNTREAD Un*tread", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tread.]
Defn: To tread back; to retrace. Shak.
UNTREASURE Un*treas"ure, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + treasure.]
Defn: To bring forth or give up, as things previously treasured. "The quaintness with which he untreasured, as by rote, the stores of his memory." J. Mitford.
UNTREASURED Un*treas"ured, a.
1. Etym: [Properly p. p. of untreasure.]
Defn: Deprived of treasure. [Obs.] Shak.
2. Etym: [Pref. un- not + treasured.]
Defn: Not treasured; not kept as treasure.
UNTREATABLE Un*treat"a*ble, a.
Defn: Incapable of being treated; not practicable. [R.] Dr. H. More.
UNTRENCHED Un*trenched", a.
Defn: Being without trenches; whole; intact. [Obs.]
UNTRESSED Un*tressed", a.
Defn: Not tied up in tresses; unarranged; -- said of the hair. Chaucer.
UNTROWABLE Un*trow"a*ble, a.
Defn: Incredible. [Obs.] "Untrowable fairness." Wyclif.
UNTRUE Un*true", a.
1. Not true; false; contrary to the fact; as, the story is untrue.
2. Not faithful; inconstant; false; disloyal. Chaucer.
UNTRUE Un*true, adv.
Defn: Untruly. [Obs. or Poetic] Chaucer.
UNTRUISM Un*tru"ism, n.
Defn: Something not true; a false statement. [Recent & R.] A. Trollope.
UNTRUNKED Un*trunked", a. Etym: [1st pref. un- + trunk.]
Defn: Separated from its trunk or stock. [Obs.]
UNTRUSS Un*truss", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + truss.]
Defn: To loose from a truss, or as from a truss; to untie or unfasten; to let out; to undress. [R.] Dryden.
UNTRUSS; UNTRUSSER Un*truss", Un*truss"er, n.
Defn: One who untrussed persons for the purpose of flogging them; a public whipper. [Obs.] B. Jonson.
UNTRUST Un*trust", n.
Defn: Distrust. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNTRUSTFUL Un*trust"ful, a.
1. Not trustful or trusting.
2. Not to be trusted; not trusty. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
UNTRUTH Un*truth", n.
1. The quality of being untrue; contrariety to truth; want of veracity; also, treachery; faithlessness; disloyalty. Chaucer.
2. That which is untrue; a false assertion; a falsehood; a lie; also, an act of treachery or disloyalty. Shak.
Syn. -- Lie; falsehood. See Lie.
UNTRUTHFUL Un*truth"ful, a.
Defn: Not truthful; unveracious; contrary to the truth or the fact. -- Un*truth"ful*ly, adv. -- Un*truth"ful*ness, n.
UNTUCK Un*tuck", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tuck.]
Defn: To unfold or undo, as a tuck; to release from a tuck or fold.
UNTUNE Un*tune", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + tune.]
Defn: To make incapable of harmony, or of harmonious action; to put out of tune. Shak.
UNTURN Un*turn", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + turn.]
Defn: To turn in a reserve way, especially so as to open something; as, to unturn a key. Keats.
UNTURNED Un*turned", a. Etym: [Pref. un- + turned.]
Defn: Not turned; not revolved or reversed. To leave no stone unturned, to leave nothing untried for accomplishing one's purpose. [He] left unturned no stone To make my guilt appear, and hide his own. Dryden.
UNTWAIN Un*twain", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + twain.]
Defn: To rend in twain; to tear in two. [Obs.] Skelton.
UNTWINE Un*twine", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + twine.]
Defn: To untwist; to separate, as that which is twined or twisted; to disentangle; to untie. It requires a long and powerful counter sympathy in a nation to untwine the ties of custom which bind a people to the established and the old. Sir W. Hamilton.
UNTWINE Un*twine", v. i.
Defn: To become untwined. Milton.
UNTWIRL Un*twirl", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + twirl.]
Defn: To untwist; to undo. Ash.
UNTWIST Un*twist", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + twist.]
1. To separate and open, as twisted threads; to turn back, as that which is twisted; to untwine. If one of the twines of the twist do untwist, The twine that untwisteth, untwisteth the twist. Wallis.
2. To untie; to open; to disentangle. Milton.
UNTY Un*ty", v. t.
Defn: To untie. [Archaic] Young.
UNUSAGE Un*us"age (; 48), n.
Defn: Want or lack of usage. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNUSED Un*used", a.
1. Not used; as, an unused book; an unused apartment.
2. Not habituated; unaccustomed. Unused to bend, impatient of control. Thomson.
UNUSUAL Un*u"su*al, a.
Defn: Not usual; uncommon; rare; as, an unusual season; a person of unusual grace or erudition. -- Un*u"su*al*ly, adv. -- Un*u"su*al*ness, n.
UNUSUALITY Un*u`su*al"i*ty, n.
Defn: Unusualness. Poe.
UNUTTERABLE Un*ut"ter*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not utterable; incapable of being spoken or voiced; inexpressible; ineffable; unspeakable; as, unutterable anguish. Sighed and looked unutterable things. Thomson. -- Un*ut"ter*a*ble*ness, n. -- Un*ut"ter*a*bly, adv.
UNVAIL Un*vail", v. t. & i.
Defn: See Unveil.
UNVALUABLE Un*val"u*a*ble, a.
1. Invaluable; being beyond price. [Obs.] South.
2. Not valuable; having little value. [R.] T. Adams.
UNVALUED Un*val"ued, a.
1. Not valued; not appraised; hence, not considered; disregarded; valueless; as, an unvalued estate. "Unvalued persons." Shak.
2. Having inestimable value; invaluable. [Obs.] The golden apples of unvalued price. Spenser.
UNVARIABLE Un*va"ri*a*ble, a.
Defn: Invariable. Donne.
UNVEIL Un*veil", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + veil.]
Defn: To remove a veil from; to divest of a veil; to uncover; to disclose to view; to reveal; as, she unveiled her face.
UNVEIL Un*veil", v. i.
Defn: To remove a veil; to reveal one's self.
UNVEILER Un*veil"er, n.
Defn: One who removes a veil.
UNVERACITY Un`ve*rac"i*ty, n.
Defn: Want of veracity; untruthfulness; as, unveracity of heart. Carlyle.
UNVESSEL Un*ves"sel, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + vessel.]
Defn: To cause to be no longer a vessel; to empty. [Obs.] Ford.
UNVICAR Un*vi"car, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + vicar.]
Defn: To deprive of the position or office a vicar. [R.] Strype.
UNVIOLABLE Un*vi"o*la*ble, a.
Defn: Inviolable.
UNVISARD Un*vis"ard, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + vizard.]
Defn: To take the vizard or mask from; to unmask. [Written also unvizard.] [Obs.] Milton.
UNVISIBLE Un*vis"i*ble, a.
Defn: Invisible. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNVISIBLY Un*vis"i*bly, adv.
Defn: Invisibly. [Obs.]
UNVITIATED Un*vi"ti*a`ted, a.
Defn: Not vitiated; pure.
UNVOLUNTARY Un*vol"un*ta*ry, a.
Defn: Involuntary. [Obs.] Fuller.
UNVOTE Un*vote", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + vote.]
Defn: To reverse or annul by vote, as a former vote. [R.] Bp, Burnet.
UNVOWELED Un*vow"eled, a.
Defn: Having no vowel sounds or signs. [Written also unvowelled.] Skinner.
UNVULGARIZE Un*vul"gar*ize, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + vulgarize.]
Defn: To divest of vulgarity; to make to be not vulgar. Lamb.
UNVULNERABLE Un*vul"ner*a*ble, a.
Defn: Invulnerable. [Obs.]
UNWARE Un*ware", a. Etym: [AS. unwær unwary. See Un- not, and Wary.]
1. Unaware; not foreseeing; being off one's guard. [Obs.] Chaucer. Fairfax.
2. Happening unexpectedly; unforeseen. [Obs.] The unware woe of harm that cometh behind. Chaucer. -- Un*ware"ly, adv. [Obs.] -- Un*ware"ness, n. [Obs.]
UNWARES Un*wares", adv.
Defn: Unawares; unexpectedly; -- sometimes preceded by at. [Obs.] Holinshed.
UNWARILY Un*wa"ri*ly, adv.
Defn: In an unwary manner.
UNWARINESS Un*wa"ri*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being unwary; carelessness; heedlessness.
UNWARM Un*warm", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + warm.]
Defn: To lose warmth; to grow cold. [R.]
UNWARP Un*warp", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + warp.]
Defn: To restore from a warped state; to cause to be linger warped.
UNWARPED Un*warped", a. Etym: [Pref. un- not + warped.]
Defn: Not warped; hence, not biased; impartial.
UNWARRANTABLE Un*war"rant*a*ble, a.
Defn: Not warrantable; indefensible; not vindicable; not justifiable; illegal; unjust; improper. -- Un*war"rant*a*ble*ness, n. -- Un*war"rant*a*bly, adv.
UNWARRANTED Un*war"rant*ed, a.
Defn: Not warranted; being without warrant, authority, or guaranty; unwarrantable.
UNWARY Un*wa"ry, a. Etym: [Cf. Unware.]
1. Not vigilant against danger; not wary or cautious; unguarded; precipitate; heedless; careless.
2. Unexpected; unforeseen; unware. [Obs.] Spenser.
UNWASHED Un*washed", a.
Defn: Not washed or cleansed; filthy; unclean.
UNWASHEN Un*wash"en, a.
Defn: Not washed. [Archaic] "To eat with unwashen hands." Matt. xv. 20.
UNWAYED Un*wayed", a.
1. Not used to travel; as, colts that are unwayed. [Obs.] Suckling.
2. Having no ways or roads; pathless. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNWEARIED Un*wea"ried, a.
Defn: Not wearied; not fatigued or tired; hence, persistent; not tiring or wearying; indefatigable. -- Un*wea"ried*ly, adv. -- Un*wea"ried*ness, n.
UNWEARY Un*wea"ry, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + weary.]
Defn: To cause to cease being weary; to refresh. [Obs.] Dryden.
UNWEAVE Un*weave", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + weave.]
Defn: To unfold; to undo; to ravel, as what has been woven.
UNWEDGEABLE Un*wedge"a*ble, a.
Defn: Not to be split with wedges. [Obs.] Shak.
UNWEETING Un*weet"ing, a. Etym: [See Un- not, and Weet, Wit.]
Defn: Unwitting. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser. -- Un*weet"ing*ly, adv. [Obs.] Milton.
UNWEIGHED Un*weighed", a.
Defn: Not weighed; not pondered or considered; as, an unweighed statement.
UNWEIGHING Un*weigh"ing, a.
Defn: Not weighing or pondering; inconsiderate. Shak.
UNWELD; UNWELDY Un*weld", Un*weld"y, a.
Defn: Unwieldy; unmanageable; clumsy. [Obs.] Our old limbs move [may] well be unweld. Chaucer.
UNWELL Un*well", a.
1. Not well; indisposed; not in good health; somewhat ill; ailing.
2. (Med.)
Defn: Specifically, ill from menstruation; affected with, or having, catamenial; menstruant.
Note: This word was formerly regarded as an Americanism, but is now in common use among all who speak the English language.
UNWELLNESS Un*well"ness
Defn: , n. Quality or state of being unwell.
UNWEMMED Un*wemmed", a.
Defn: Not blemished; undefiled; pure. [Obs.] Wyclif. With body clean and with unwemmed thought. Chaucer.
UNWHOLE Un*whole", a. Etym: [AS. unhal. See Un- not, and Whole.]
Defn: Not whole; unsound. [Obs.]
UNWIELDY Un*wield"y, a.
Defn: Not easily wielded or carried; unmanageable; bulky; ponderous. "A fat, unwieldy body of fifty-eight years old." Clarendon. -- Un*wield"i*ly, adv. -- Un*wield"i*ness, n.
UNWILD Un*wild", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + wild.]
Defn: To tame; to subdue. [Obs. & R.] Sylvester.
UNWILL Un*will", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + will.]
Defn: To annul or reverse by an act of the will. Longfellow.
UNWILLED Un*willed", a. Etym: [1st pref. un- + will.]
Defn: Deprived of the faculty of will or volition. Mrs. Browning.
UNWILLING Un*will"ing, a.
Defn: Not willing; loath; disinclined; reluctant; as, an unwilling servant. And drop at last, but in unwilling ears, This saving counsel, "Keep your piece nine years." Pope. -- Un*will"ing*ly, adv. -- Un*will"ing*ness, n.
UNWIND Un*wind", v. t. Etym: [AS. unwindan. See 1st Un-, and Wind to coil.]
1. To wind off; to loose or separate, as what or convolved; to untwist; to untwine; as, to unwind thread; to unwind a ball of yarn.
2. To disentangle. [Obs.] Hooker.
UNWIND Un*wind", v. i.
Defn: To be or become unwound; to be capable of being unwound or untwisted.
UNWISDOM Un*wis"dom, n.
Defn: Want of wisdom; unwise conduct or action; folly; simplicity; ignorance. Sumptuary laws are among the exploded fallacies which we have outgrown, and we smile at the unwisdom which could except to regulate private habits and manners by statute. J. A. Froude.
UNWISE Un*wise", a. Etym: [AS. unwis. See Un- not, and Wise, a.]
Defn: Not wise; defective in wisdom; injudicious; indiscreet; foolish; as, an unwise man; unwise kings; unwise measures.
UNWISELY Un*wise"ly, adv. Etym: [AS. unwislice.]
Defn: In an unwise manner; foolishly.
UNWISH Un*wish", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + wish.]
Defn: To wish not to be; to destroy by wishing. [Obs.] Now thou hast unwished five thousand men. Shak.
UNWIST Un*wist", a.
1. Not known; unknown. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
2. Not knowing; unwitting. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNWIT Un*wit", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + wit.]
Defn: To deprive of wit. [Obs.] Shak.
UNWIT Un*wit", n. Etym: [Pref. un- not + wit.]
Defn: Want of wit or understanding; ignorance. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNWITCH Un*witch", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + witch.]
Defn: To free from a witch or witches; to fee from witchcraft. [R.] B. Jonson.
UNWITTING Un*wit"ting, a.
Defn: Not knowing; unconscious; ignorant. -- Un*wit"ting*ly, adv.
UNWOMAN Un*wom"an, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + woman.]
Defn: To deprive of the qualities of a woman; to unsex. [R.] R. Browning.
UNWONDER Un*won"der, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + wonder.]
Defn: To divest of the quality of wonder or mystery; to interpret; to explain. [R.] Fuller.
UNWONT Un*wont", a.
Defn: Unwonted; unused; unaccustomed. [Archaic] Sir W. Scott.
UNWONTED Un*wont"ed, a.
1. Not wonted; unaccustomed; unused; not made familiar by practice; as, a child unwonted to strangers. Milton.
2. Uncommon; unusual; infrequent; rare; as, unwonted changes. "Unwonted lights." Byron. -- Un*wont"ed*ly, adv. -- Un*wont"ed*ness, n.
UNWORK Un*work", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + work.]
Defn: To undo or destroy, as work previously done.
UNWORLDLY Un*world"ly, a.
Defn: Not worldly; spiritual; holy. Hawthorne. -- Un*world"li*ness, n.
UNWORMED Un*wormed", a.
Defn: Not wormed; not having had the worm, or lytta, under the tongue cut out; -- said of a dog.
UNWORSHIP Un*wor"ship, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + worship.]
Defn: To deprive of worship or due honor; to dishonor. [Obs.] Wyclif.
UNWORSHIP Un*wor"ship, n. Etym: [Pref. un- not + worship.]
Defn: Lack of worship or respect; dishonor. [Obs.] Gower.
UNWORTH Un*worth", a. Etym: [AS. unweor.]
Defn: Unworthy. [Obs.] Milton.
UNWORTH Un*worth", n.
Defn: Unworthiness. [R.] Carlyle.
UNWORTHY Un*wor"thy, a.
Defn: Not worthy; wanting merit, value, or fitness; undeserving; worthless; unbecoming; -- often with of. -- Un*wor"thi*ly, adv. -- Un*wor"thi*ness, n.
UNWRAP Un*wrap", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + wrap.]
Defn: To open or undo, as what is wrapped or folded. Chaucer.
UNWRAY Un*wray", v. t.
Defn: See Unwrie. [Obs.]
UNWREATHE Un*wreathe", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + wreathe.]
Defn: To untwist, uncoil, or untwine, as anything wreathed.
UNWRIE Un*wrie", v. t. Etym: [AS. onwreón; on- (see 1st Un-) + wreón to cover.]
Defn: To uncover. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UNWRINKLE Un*wrin"kle, v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + wrinkle.]
Defn: To reduce from a wrinkled state; to smooth.
UNWRITE Un*write", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + write.]
Defn: To cancel, as what is written; to erase. Milton.
UNWRITTEN Un*writ"ten, a.
1. Not written; not reduced to writing; oral; as, unwritten agreements.
2. Containing no writing; blank; as, unwritten paper. Unwritten doctrines (Theol.), such doctrines as have been handed down by word of mouth; oral or traditional doctrines. -- Unwritten law. Etym: [Cf. L. lex non scripta.] That part of the law of England and of the United States which is not derived from express legislative enactment, or at least from any enactment now extant and in force as such. This law is now generally contained in the reports of judicial decisions. See Common law, under Common. -- Unwritten laws, such laws as have been handed down by tradition or in song. Such were the laws of the early nations of Europe.
UNWROKEN Un*wro"ken, a. Etym: [See Un- not, and Wreak.]
Defn: Not revenged; unavenged. [Obs.] Surrey.
UNYOKE Un*yoke", v. t. Etym: [1st pref. un- + yoke.]
1. To loose or free from a yoke. "Like youthful steers unyoked, they take their courses." Shak.
2. To part; to disjoin; to disconnect. Shak.
UNYOKED Un*yoked", a. Etym: [In sense 1 pref. un- not + yoked; in senses 2 and 3 properly p. p. of unyoke.]
1. Not yet yoked; not having worn the yoke.
2. Freed or loosed from a yoke.
3. Licentious; unrestrained. [R.] Shak.
UNYOLDEN Un*yold"en, a.
Defn: Not yielded. [Obs.] "[By] force . . . is he taken unyolden." Sir T. Browne.
UNZONED Un*zoned", a.
Defn: Not zoned; not bound with a girdle; as, an unzoned bosom. Prior.
UP Up, adv. Etym: [AS. up, upp, ; akin to OFries. up, op, D. op, OS. , OHG. , G. auf, Icel. upp, Dan. op, Goth. iup, and probably to E. over. See Over.]
1. Aloft; on high; in a direction contrary to that of gravity; toward or in a higher place or position; above; -- the opposite of Ant: down. But up or down, By center or eccentric, hard to tell. Milton.
2. Hence, in many derived uses, specifically: -- (a) From a lower to a higher position, literally or figuratively; as, from a recumbent or sitting position; from the mouth, toward the source, of a river; from a dependent or inferior condition; from concealment; from younger age; from a quiet state, or the like; -- used with verbs of motion expressed or implied. But they presumed to go up unto the hilltop. Num. xiv. 44. I am afflicted and ready to die from my youth up. Ps. lxxxviii. 15. Up rose the sun, and up rose Emelye. Chaucer. We have wrought ourselves up into this degree of Christian indifference. Atterbury.
(b) In a higher place or position, literally or figuratively; in the state of having arisen; in an upright, or nearly upright, position; standing; mounted on a horse; in a condition of elevation, prominence, advance, proficiency, excitement, insurrection, or the like; -- used with verbs of rest, situation, condition, and the like; as, to be up on a hill; the lid of the box was up; prices are up. And when the sun was up, they were scorched. Matt. xiii. 6. Those that were up themselves kept others low. Spenser. Helen was up -- was she Shak. Rebels there are up, And put the Englishmen unto the sword. Shak. His name was up through all the adjoining provinces, even to Italy and Rome; many desiring to see who he was that could withstand so many years the Roman puissance. Milton. Thou hast fired me; my soul's up in arms. Dryden. Grief and passion are like floods raised in little brooks by a sudden rain; they are quickly up. Dryden. A general whisper ran among the country people, that Sir Roger was up. Addison. Let us, then, be up and doing, With a heart for any fate. Longfellow.
(c) To or in a position of equal advance or equality; not short of, back of, less advanced than, away from, or the like; -- usually followed by to or with; as, to be up to the chin in water; to come up with one's companions; to come up with the enemy; to live up to engagements. As a boar was whetting his teeth, up comes a fox to him. L'Estrange.
(d) To or in a state of completion; completely; wholly; quite; as, in the phrases to eat up; to drink up; to burn up; to sum up; etc.; to shut up the eyes or the mouth; to sew up a rent.
Note: Some phrases of this kind are now obsolete; as, to spend up (Prov. xxi. 20); to kill up (B. Jonson). (e) Aside, so as not to be in use; as, to lay up riches; put up your weapons.
Note: Up is used elliptically for get up, rouse up, etc., expressing a command or exhortation. "Up, and let us be going." Judg. xix. 28. Up, up, my friend! and quit your books, Or surely you 'll grow double. Wordsworth. It is all up with him, it is all over with him; he is lost. -- The time is up, the allotted time is past. -- To be up in, to be informed about; to be versed in. "Anxious that their sons should be well up in the superstitions of two thousand years ago." H. Spencer. -- To be up to. (a) To be equal to, or prepared for; as, he is up to the business, or the emergency. [Colloq.] (b) To be engaged in; to purpose, with the idea of doing ill or mischief; as, I don't know what he's up to. [Colloq.] -- To blow up. (a) To inflate; to distend. (b) To destroy by an explosion from beneath. (c) To explode; as, the boiler blew up. (d) To reprove angrily; to scold. [Slang] -- To bring up. See under Bring, v. t. -- To come up with. See under Come, v. i. -- To cut up. See under Cut, v. t. & i. -- To draw up. See under Draw, v. t. -- To grow up, to grow to maturity. -- Up anchor (Naut.), the order to man the windlass preparatory to hauling up the anchor. -- Up and down. (a) First up, and then down; from one state or position to another. See under Down, adv. Fortune . . . led him up and down. Chaucer. (b) (Naut.) Vertical; perpendicular; -- said of the cable when the anchor is under, or nearly under, the hawse hole, and the cable is taut. Totten. -- Up helm (Naut.), the order given to move the tiller toward the upper, or windward, side of a vessel. -- Up to snuff. See under Snuff. [Slang] -- What is up What is going on [Slang]
UP Up, prep.
1. From a lower to a higher place on, upon, or along; at a higher situation upon; at the top of. In going up a hill, the knees will be most weary; in going down, the thihgs. Bacon.
2. From the coast towards the interior of, as a country; from the mouth towards the source of, as a stream; as, to journey up the country; to sail up the Hudson.
3. Upon. [Obs.] "Up pain of death." Chaucer.
UP Up, n.
Defn: The state of being up or above; a state of elevation, prosperity, or the like; -- rarely occurring except in the phrase ups and downs. [Colloq.] Ups and downs, alternate states of elevation and depression, or of prosperity and the contrary. [Colloq.] They had their ups and downs of fortune. Thackeray.
UP Up, a.
Defn: Inclining up; tending or going up; upward; as, an up look; an up grade; the up train.
UPAS U"pas, n. Etym: [Malay p; p a tree + poison.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A tree (Antiaris toxicaria) of the Breadfruit family, common in the forests of Java and the neighboring islands. Its secretions are poisonous, and it has been fabulously reported that the atmosphere about it is deleterious. Called also bohun upas.
2. A virulent poison used in Java and the adjacent islands for poisoning arrows. One kind, upas antiar, is, derived from upas tree (Antiaris toxicaria). Upas tieute is prepared from a climbing plant (Strychnos Tieute).
UPBAR Up*bar", v. t.
1. To fasten with a bar. [R.]
2. To remove the bar or bards of, as a gate; to under. [Obs.] Spenser.
UPBEAR Up*bear", v. t.
Defn: To bear up; to raise aloft; to support in an elevated situation; to sustain. Spenser. One short sigh of breath, upbore Even to the seat of God. Milton. A monstrous wave upbore The chief, and dashed him on the craggy shore. Pope.
UPBIND Up*bind", v. t.
Defn: To bind up. [R.] Collins.
UPBLOW Up*blow", v. t.
Defn: To inflate. [Obs.] Spenser.
UPBLOW Up*blow", v. i.
Defn: To blow up; as, the wind upblows from the sea. [Obs.] Spenser.
UPBRAID Up*braid", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Upbraided; p. pr. & vb. n. Upbraiding.] Etym: [OE. upbreiden; AS, upp up + bregdan to draw, twist, weave, or the kindred Icel. bregedha to draw, brandish, braid, deviate from, change, break off, upbraid. See Up, and Braid, v. t.]
1. To charge with something wrong or disgraceful; to reproach; to cast something in the teeth of; -- followed by with or for, and formerly of, before the thing imputed. And upbraided them with their unbelief. Mark xvi. 14. Vet do not Upbraid us our distress. Shak.
2. To reprove severely; to rebuke; to chide. Then began he to upbraid the cities wherein most of his mighty works were done. Matt. xi. 20 How much doth thy kindness upbraid my wickedness! Sir P. Sidney.
3. To treat with contempt. [Obs.] Spenser.
4. To object or urge as a matter of reproach; to cast up; -- with to before the person. [Obs.] Bacon.
Syn. -- To reproach; blame; censure; condemn.
UPBRAID Up*braid", v. i.
Defn: To utter upbraidings. Pope.
UPBRAID Up*braid", n.
Defn: The act of reproaching; contumely. [Obs.] " Foul upbraid." Spenser.
UPBREAK Up*break", v. i.
Defn: To break upwards; to force away or passage to the surface.
UPBREAK Up"break`, n.
Defn: A breaking upward or bursting forth; an upburst. Mrs. Browning.
UPBREATHE Up*breathe", v. r.
Defn: To breathe up or out; to exhale. [Obs.] Marston.
UPBREED Up*breed", v. t.
Defn: To rear, or bring up; to nurse. "Upbred in a foreign country." Holinshed.
UPBROUGHT Up*brought", a.
Defn: Brought up; educated. [Obs.] Spenser.
UPBUOYANCE Up*buoy"ance, n.
Defn: The act of buoying up; uplifting. [R.] Coleridge.
UPBURST Up"burst`, n.
Defn: The act of bursting upwards; a breaking through to the surface; an upbreak or uprush; as, an upburst of molten matter.
UPCAST Up"cast`, a.
Defn: Cast up; thrown upward; as, with upcast eyes. Addison.
UPCAST Up"cast`, n.
1. (Bowling)
Defn: A cast; a throw. Shak.
2. (Mining.)
Defn: The ventilating shaft of a mine out of which the air passes after having circulated through the mine; -- distinguished from the downcast. Called also upcast pit, and upcast shaft.
3. An upset, as from a carriage. [Scot.]
4. A taunt; a reproach. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
UPCAST Up*cast", v. t.
1. To cast or throw up; to turn upward. [Obs.] Chaucer.
2. To taunt; to reproach; to upbraid. [Scot.]
UPCAUGHT Up"caught`, a.
Defn: Seized or caught up. " She bears upcaught a mariner away." Cowper.
UPCHEER Up*cheer", v. t.
Defn: To cheer up. Spenser.
UPCLIMB Up*climb", v. t. & i.
Defn: To climb up; to ascend. Upclomb the shadowy pine above the woven copse. Tennyson.
UPCOIL Up*coil", v. t. & i.
Defn: To coil up; to make into a coil, or to be made into a coil.
UPCOUNTRY Up"coun`try, adv.
Defn: In an upcountry direction; as, to live upcountry. [Colloq.]
UPCOUNTRY Up"coun`try, a.
Defn: Living or situated remote from the seacoast; as, an upcountry residence. [Colloq.] -- n.
Defn: The interior of the country. [Colloq.]
UPCURL Up*curl", v. t.
Defn: To curl up. [R.] Tennyson.
UPDIVE Up*dive", v. i.
Defn: To spring upward; to rise. [R.] Davies (Microcosmos).
UPDRAW Up*draw", v. t.
Defn: To draw up. [R.] Milton.
UPEND Up*end", v. t.
Defn: To end up; to set on end, as a cask.
UPEYGAN U`pey*gan", n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The borele.
UPFILL Up*fill", v. t.
Defn: To fill up. [Obs.]
UPFLOW Up*flow", v. i.
Defn: To flow or stream up. Southey.
UPFLUNG Up*flung", a.
Defn: Flung or thrown up.
UPGATHER Up*gath"er, v. t.
Defn: To gather up; to contract; to draw together. [Obs.] Himself he close upgathered more and more. Spenser.
UPGAZE Up*gaze", v. i.
Defn: To gaze upward. Byron.
UPGIVE Up*give", v. t.
Defn: To give up or out. [Obs.]
UPGROW Up*grow", v. i.
Defn: To grow up. [R.] Milton.
UPGROWTH Up"growth`, n.
Defn: The process or result of growing up; progress; development. The new and mighty upgrowth of poetry in Italy. J. R. Green.
UPGUSH Up"gush`, n.
Defn: A gushing upward. Hawthorne.
UPGUSH Up*gush", v. i.
Defn: To gush upward.
UPHAF Up*haf", obs.
Defn: imp. of Upheave. Chaucer.
UPHAND Up"hand`, a.
Defn: Lifted by the hand, or by both hands; as, the uphand sledge. [R.] Moxon.
UPHANG Up*hang", v. t.
Defn: To hang up. Spenser.
UPHASP Up*hasp", v. t.
Defn: To hasp or faster up; to close; as, sleep uphasps the eyes. [R.] Stanyhurst.
UPHEAPED Up"heaped`, a.
Defn: Piled up; accumulated. God, which shall repay all with upheaped measure. Udall.
UPHEAVAL Up*heav"al, n.
Defn: The act of upheaving, or the state of being upheaved; esp., an elevation of a portion of the earth's crust. Lubbock.
UPHEAVE Up*heave", v. t.
Defn: To heave or lift up from beneath; to raise. Milton.
UPHELD Up*held",
Defn: imp. & p. p. of Uphold.
UPHER Up"her, n. (Arch.)
Defn: A fir pole of from four to seven inches diameter, and twenty to forty feet long, sometimes roughly hewn, used for scaffoldings, and sometimes for slight and common roofs, for which use it is split. [Spelt also ufer.] [Eng.] Gwilt.
UPHILL Up*hill", adv.
Defn: Upwards on, or as on, a hillside; as, to walk uphill.
UPHILL Up"hill`, a.
1. Ascending; going up; as, an uphill road.
2. Attended with labor; difficult; as, uphill work.
UPHILT Up*hilt", v. t.
Defn: To thrust in up to the hilt; as, to uphilt one's sword into an enemy. [R.] Stanyhurst.
UPHOARD Up*hoard", v. t.
Defn: To hoard up. [Obs.] Shak.
UPHOLD Up*hold", v. t.
1. To hold up; to lift on high; to elevate. The mournful train with groans, and hands upheld. Besought his pity. Dryden.
2. To keep erect; to support; to sustain; to keep from falling; to maintain. Honor shall uphold the humble in spirit. Prov. xxix 3. Faulconbridge, In spite of spite, alone upholds the day. Shak.
3. To aid by approval or encouragement; to countenance; as, to uphold a person in wrongdoing.
UPHOLDER Up*hold"er, n. Etym: [Up + holder. Cf. Upholsterer.]
1. A broker or auctioneer; a tradesman. [Obs.]
2. An undertaker, or provider for funerals. [Obs.] The upholder, rueful harbinger of death. Gay.
3. An upholsterer. [Obs.]
4. One who, or that which, upholds; a supporter; a defender; a sustainer.
UPHOLSTER Up*hol"ster, v. t. Etym: [See Upholsterer.]
Defn: To furnish (rooms, carriages, bedsteads, chairs, etc.) with hangings, coverings, cushions, etc.; to adorn with furnishings in cloth, velvet, silk, etc.; as, to upholster a couch; to upholster a room with curtains.
UPHOLSTER Up*hol"ster, n.
1. A broker. [Obs.] Caxton.
2. An upholsterer. [Obs.] Strype.
UPHOLSTERER Up*hol"ster*er, n. Etym: [A substitution for older upholder, in OE., broker, tradesman, and formerly also written upholster, upholdster. See Upholder, and -ster.]
Defn: One who provides hangings, coverings, cushions, curtains, and the like; one who upholsters. Upholsterer bee. (Zoöl.) See Poppy bee, under Poppy.
UPHOLSTERY Up*hol"ster*y, n.
Defn: The articles or goods supplied by upholsterers; the business or work of an upholsterer.
UPHROE U"phroe, n. (Naut.)
Defn: Same as Euphroe.
UPKEEP Up"keep`, n.
Defn: The act of keeping up, or maintaining; maintenance. "Horse artillery . . . expensive in the upkeep." Scribner's Mag.
Small outlays for repairs or upkeep of buildings. A. R. Colquhoun.
UPLAND Up"land, n.
1. High land; ground elevated above the meadows and intervals which lie on the banks of rivers, near the sea, or between hills; land which is generally dry; -- opposed to lowland, meadow, marsh, swamp, interval, and the like.
2. The country, as distinguished from the neighborhood of towns. [Obs.]
UPLAND Up"land, a.
1. Of or pertaining to uplands; being on upland; high in situation; as, upland inhabitants; upland pasturage. Sometimes, with secure delight The upland hamlets will invite. Milton.
2. Pertaining to the country, as distinguished from the neighborhood of towns; rustic; rude; unpolished. [Obs.] " The race of upland giants." Chapman. Upland moccasin. (Zoöl.) See Moccasin. -- Upland sandpiper, or Upland plover (Zoöl.), a large American sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda) much valued as a game bird. Unlike most sandpipers, it frequents fields and uplands. Called also Bartramian sandpiper, Bartram's tattler, field plover, grass plover, highland plover, hillbird, humility, prairie plover, prairie pigeon, prairie snipe, papabote, quaily, and uplander. -- Upland sumach (Bot.), a North American shrub of the genus Rhus (Rhus glabra), used in tanning and dyeing.
UPLANDER Up"land*er, n.
1. One dwelling in the upland; hence, a countryman; a rustic. [Obs.]
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The upland sandpiper. [Local, U. S.]
UPLANDISH Up*land"ish, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to uplands; dwelling on high lands. [Obs.] Chapman.
2. Rude; rustic; unpolished; uncivilized. [Obs.] His presence made the rudest peasant melt, That in the wild, uplandish country dwelt. Marlowe.
UPLAY Up*lay", v. t.
Defn: To hoard. [Obs.] Donne.
UPLEAD Up*lead", v. t.
Defn: To lead upward. [Obs.]
UPLEAN Up*lean", v. i.
Defn: To lean or incline upon anything. [Obs.] Spenser.
UPLIFT Up*lift", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Uplifting.]
Defn: To lift or raise aloft; to raise; to elevate; as, to uplift the arm; to uplift a rock. Cowper. Satan, talking to his nearest mate, With head uplift above the wave, and eyes That sparkling blazed. Milton.
UPLIFT Up"lift`, n. (Geol.)
Defn: A raising or upheaval of strata so as to disturb their regularity and uniformity, and to occasion folds, dislocations, and the like.
UP-LINE Up"-line`, n. (Railroad)
Defn: A line or track leading from the provinces toward the metropolis or a principal terminus; the track upon which up-trains run. See Up-train. [Eng.]
UPLOCK Up*lock", v. t.
Defn: To lock up. [Obs.] Shak.
UPLOOK Up*look", v. i.
Defn: To look or gaze up. [Obs.]
UPMOST Up"most`, a. Etym: [Cf. Uppermost.]
Defn: Highest; topmost; uppermost. Spenser. Dryden.
UPOKORORO U`po*ko*ro"ro, n. Etym: [From the native Maori name.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An edible fresh-water New Zealand fish (Prototroctes oxyrhynchus) of the family Haplochitonidæ. In general appearance and habits, it resembles the northern lake whitefishes and trout. Called also grayling.
UPON Up*on", prep.Etym: [AS. uppan, uppon; upp up + on, an, on. See Up, and On.]
Defn: On; -- used in all the senses of that word, with which it is interchangeable. "Upon an hill of flowers." Chaucer. Our host upon his stirrups stood anon. Chaucer. Thou shalt take of the blood that is upon the altar. Ex. xxix. 21. The Philistines be upon thee, Samson. Judg. xvi. 9. As I did stand my watch upon the hill. Shak. He made a great difference between people that did rebel upon wantonness, and them that did rebel upon want. Bacon. This advantage we lost upon the invention of firearms. Addison. Upon the whole, it will be necessary to avoid that perpetual repetition of the same epithets which we find in Homer. Pope. He had abandoned the frontiers, retiring upon Glasgow. Sir. W. Scott. Philip swore upon the Evangelists to abstain from aggression in my absence. Landor.
Note: Upon conveys a more distinct notion that on carries with it of something that literally or metaphorically bears or supports. It is less employed than it used to be, on having for the most part taken its place. Some expressions formed with it belong only to old style; as, upon pity they were taken away; that is, in consequence of pity: upon the rate of thirty thousand; that is, amounting to the rate: to die upon the hand; that is, by means of the hand: he had a garment upon; that is, upon himself: the time is coming fast upon; that is, upon the present time. By the omission of its object, upon acquires an adverbial sense, as in the last two examples. To assure upon (Law), to promise; to undertake. -- To come upon. See under Come. -- To take upon, to assume.
UP-OVER Up"-o`ver, a. (Mining & Civil Eng.)
Defn: Designating a method of shaft excavation by drifting to a point below, and then raising instead of sinking.
UPPENT Up*pent`, a.
Defn: A Pent up; confined. [Obs.]
UPPER Up"per, a.; comp. of Up.
Defn: Being further up, literally or figuratively; higher in place, position, rank, dignity, or the like; superior; as, the upper lip; the upper side of a thing; the upper house of a legislature. The upper hand, the superiority; the advantage. See To have the upper hand, under Hand. Jowett (Thucyd.). -- Upper Bench (Eng. Hist.), the name of the highest court of common law (formerly King's Bench) during the Commonwealth. -- Upper case, the top one of a pair of compositor's cases. See the Note under 1st Case, n., 3. -- Upper covert (Zoöl.), one of the coverts situated above the bases of the tail quills. -- Upper deck (Naut.), the topmost deck of any vessel; the spar deck. -- Upper leather, the leather for the vamps and quarters of shoes. -- Upper strake (Naut.), the strake next to the deck, usually of hard wood, and heavier than the other strakes. -- Upper ten thousand, or (abbreviated) Upper ten, the ten thousand, more or less, who are highest in position or wealth; the upper class; the aristocracy. [Colloq.] -- Upper topsail (Naut.), the upper half of a double topsail. -- Upper works (Naut.), all those parts of the hull of a vessel that are properly above water. -- Upper world. (a) The atmosphere. (b) Heaven. (c) This world; the earth; -- in distinction from the underworld.
UPPER Up"per, n.
Defn: The upper leather for a shoe; a vamp.
UPPERMOST Up"per*most`, a. Etym: [From Up, Upper; formed like aftermost. Cf. Upmost.]
Defn: Highest in place, position, rank, power, or the like; upmost; supreme. Whatever faction happens to be uppermost. Swift.
UPPERTENDOM Up`per*ten"dom, n. Etym: [Upper ten + -dom.]
Defn: The highest class in society; the upper ten. See Upper ten, under Upper. [Colloq.]
UPPILE Up*pile", v. t.
Defn: To pile, or heap, up. Southey.
UPPISH Up"pish, a. Etym: [From Up.]
Defn: Proud; arrogant; assuming; putting on airs of superiority. [Colloq.] T. Brown. -- Up"pish*ly, adv. [Colloq.] -- Up"pish*ness, n. [Colloq.]
UPPLIGHT Up*plight", obs.
Defn: imp. & p. p. of Uppluck.
UPPLUCK Up*pluck", v. t.
Defn: To pull or pluck up. [Obs.]
UPPRICKED Up*pricked", a.
Defn: Upraised; erect; -- said of the ears of an animal. Mason.
UPPROP Up*prop", v. t.
Defn: To prop up. Donne.
UPRAISE Up*raise", v. t.
Defn: To raise; to lift up.
UPREAR Up*rear", v. t.
Defn: To raise; to erect. Byron.
UPRIDGED Up*ridged", a.
Defn: Raised up in a ridge or ridges; as, a billow upridged. Cowper.
UPRIGHT Up"right`, a. Etym: [AS. upright, uppriht. See Up, and Right, a.]
1. In an erect position or posture; perpendicular; vertical, or nearly vertical; pointing upward; as, an upright tree. With chattering teeth, and bristling hair upright. Dryden. All have their ears upright. Spenser.
2. Morally erect; having rectitude; honest; just; as, a man upright in all his ways. And that man [Job] was perfect and upright. Job i. 1.
3. Conformable to moral rectitude. Conscience rewards upright conduct with pleasure. J. M. Mason.
4. Stretched out face upward; flat on the back. [Obs.] " He lay upright." Chaucer. Upright drill (Mach.), a drilling machine having the spindle vertical.
Note: This word and its derivatives are usually pronounced in prose with the accent on the first syllable. But they are frequently pronounced with the accent on the second in poetry, and the accent on either syllable is admissible.
UPRIGHT Up"right`, n.
Defn: Something standing upright, as a piece of timber in a building. See Illust. of Frame.
UPRIGHTEOUSLY Up*right"eous*ly, adv. Etym: [See Righteous.]
Defn: In an upright or just manner. [Obs.] Shak.
UPRIGHTLY Up"right`ly, adv.
Defn: In an upright manner.
UPRIGHTNESS Up"right`ness, n.
Defn: the quality or state of being upright.
UPRISE Up*rise", v. i.
1. To rise; to get up; to appear from below the horizon. "Uprose the sun." Cowley. Uprose the virgin with the morning light. Pope.
2. To have an upward direction or inclination. Uprose the mystic mountain range. Tennyson.
UPRISE Up*rise", n.
Defn: The act of rising; appearance above the horizon; rising. [R.] Did ever raven sing so like a lark, That gives sweet tidings of the sun's uprise Shak.
UPRISING Up*ris"ing, n.
1. Act of rising; also, a steep place; an ascent. "The steep uprising of the hill." Shak.
2. An insurrection; a popular revolt. J. P. Peters.
UPRIST Up*rist", n.
Defn: Uprising. [Obs.] Chaucer.
UPRIST Up*rist", obs.
Defn: imp. of Uprise. Uprose. Chaucer. Nor dim nor red, like God's own head The glorious sun uprist. Coleridge.
UPROAR Up"roar, n. Etym: [D. oproer; akin to G. aufruhr, Dan. oprör, Sw. uppror; D. op up + roeren to stir; akin to AS. hr to stir, hr stirring, active, G. rühren to stir, OHG. ruoren, Icel. hræra, Dan. röre, Sw. röra. Cf. Rearmouse.]
Note: [In verse, sometimes accented on the second syllable.]
Defn: Great tumult; violent disturbance and noise; noisy confusion; bustle and clamor. But the Jews which believed not, . . . set all the city on an uproar. Acts xvii. 5.
UPROAR Up*roar", v. t.
Defn: To throw into uproar or confusion. [Obs.] "Uproar the universal peace." Shak.
UPROAR Up*roar", v. i.
Defn: To make an uproar. [R.] Carlyle.
UPROARIOUS Up*roar"i*ous, a.
Defn: Making, or accompanied by, uproar, or noise and tumult; as, uproarious merriment. -- Up*roar"i*ous*ly, adv. -- Up*roar"i*ous*ness, n.
UPROLL Up*roll", v. t.
Defn: To roll up. Milton.
UPROOT Up*root", v. t.
Defn: To root up; to tear up by the roots, or as if by the roots; to remove utterly; to eradicate; to extirpate. Trees uprooted left their place. Dryden. At his command the uprooted hills retired. Milton.
UPROUSE Up*rouse", v. t.
Defn: To rouse up; to rouse from sleep; to awake; to arouse. Shak.
UPRUN Up*run", v. i.
Defn: To run up; to ascend. The young sun That in the Ram is four degrees uprun. Chaucer. [A son] of matchless might, who, like a thriving plant, Upran to manhood. Cowper.
UPRUSH Up*rush", v. i.
Defn: To rush upward. Southey.
UPRUSH Up"rush`, n.
Defn: Act of rushing upward; an upbreak or upburst; as, an uprush of lava. R. A. Proctor.
UPSAROKAS Up`sar*o"kas, n. pl. (Ethnol.)
Defn: See Crows.
UPSEEK Up*seek", v. i.
Defn: To seek or strain upward. "Upseeking eyes suffused with . . . tears." Southey.
UPSEND Up*send", v. t.
Defn: To send, cast, or throw up. As when some island situate afar . . . Upsends a smoke to heaven. Cowper.
UPSET Up*set", v. t.
1. To set up; to put upright. [Obs.] "With sail on mast upset." R. of Brunne.
2. (a) To thicken and shorten, as a heated piece of iron, by hammering on the end. (b) To shorten (a tire) in the process of resetting, originally by cutting it and hammering on the ends.
3. To overturn, overthrow, or overset; as, to upset a carriage; to upset an argument. "Determined somehow to upset the situation." Mrs. Humphry Ward.
4. To disturb the self-possession of; to disorder the nerves of; to make ill; as, the fright upset her. [Colloq.]
UPSET Up*set", v. i.
Defn: To become upset.
UPSET Up"set`, a.
Defn: Set up; fixed; determined; -- used chiefly or only in the phrase upset price; that is, the price fixed upon as the minimum for property offered in a public sale, or, in an auction, the price at which property is set up or started by the auctioneer, and the lowest price at which it will be sold. After a solemn pause, Mr. Glossin offered the upset price for the lands and barony of Ellangowan. Sir W. Scott.
UPSET Up"set`, n.
Defn: The act of upsetting, or the state of being upset; an overturn; as, the wagon had an upset.
UPSETTING Up*set"ting, a.
Defn: Conceited; assuming; as, an upsetting fellow. [Scot.] Jamieson.
UPSETTING THERMOMETER Up*set"ting ther*mom"e*ter.
Defn: A thermometer by merely inverting which the temperature may be registered. The column of mercury is broken and, as it remains until the instrument is reset, the reading may be made at leisure.
UPSHOOT Up*shoot", v. i.
Defn: To shoot upward. "Trees upshooting high." Spenser.
UPSHOT Up"shot`, n. Etym: [Up + shot, equivalent to scot share, reckoning. Cf. the phrase to cast up an account.]
Defn: Final issue; conclusion; the sum and substance; the end; the result; the consummation. I can not pursue with any safety this sport to the upshot. Shak. We account it frailty that threescore years and ten make the upshot of man's pleasurable existence. De Quincey.
UPSIDE Up"side`, n.
Defn: The upper side; the part that is uppermost. To be upsides with, to be even with. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Sir W. Scott. T. Hughes. -- Upside down. Etym: [Perhaps a corruption of OE. up so down, literally, up as down.] With the upper part undermost; hence, in confusion; in complete disorder; topsy-turvy. Shak. These that have turned the world upside down are come hither also. Acts xvii. 6.
UPSIDOWN Up"si*down`, adv.
Defn: See Upsodown. [Obs. or Colloq.] Spenser.
UPSILON Up"si*lon, n. [Gr. 'y^ psilo`n bare, mere, simple y.]
Defn: The 20th letter (U, u) of the Greek alphabet, a vowel having originally the sound of oo as in room, becoming before the 4th century b. c. that French u or Ger. ü. Its equivalent in English is u or y.
UPSITTING Up"sit`ting, n.
Defn: A sitting up of a woman after her confinement, to receive and entertain her friends. [Obs.] To invite your lady's upsitting. Beau. & Fl.
UPSKIP Up*skip`, n.
Defn: An upstart. [Obs.] Latimer.
UPSNATCH Up*snatch", v. t.
Defn: To snatch up. [R.]
UPSOAR Up*soar", v. i.
Defn: To soar or mount up. Pope.
UPSODOWN Up"so*down`, adv. Etym: [Up + so as + down.]
Defn: Upside down. [Obs. or Colloq.] Wyclif. In man's sin is every manner order or ordinance turned upsodown. Chaucer.
UPSPEAR Up*spear", v. i.
Defn: To grow or shoot up like a spear; as, upspearing grass. [R.] Cowper.
UPSPRING Up*spring", v. i.
Defn: To spring up. Tennyson.
UPSPRING Up"spring`, n.
1. An upstart. [Obs.] "The swaggering upspring." Shak.
2. A spring or leap into the air. [R.] Chapman.
UPSPURNER Up"spurn`er, n.
Defn: A spurner or contemner; a despiser; a scoffer. [Obs.] Joye.
UPSTAIRS Up*stairs", adv.
Defn: Up the stairs; in or toward an upper story.
UPSTAIRS Up"stairs`, a.
Defn: Being above stairs; as, an upstairs room.
UPSTAND Up*stand", v. i.
Defn: To stand up; to be erected; to rise. Spenser. Milton. At once upstood the monarch, and upstood The wise Ulysses. Cowper.
UPSTARE Up*stare", v. i.
Defn: To stare or stand upward; hence, to be uplifted or conspicuous. "Rearing fiercely their upstaring crests." Spenser.
UPSTART Up*start", v. i.
Defn: To start or spring up suddenly. Spenser. Tennyson.
UPSTART Up"start`, n.
1. One who has risen suddenly, as from low life to wealth, power, or honor; a parvenu. Bacon.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: The meadow saffron. Dr. Prior.
UPSTART Up"start`, a.
Defn: Suddenly raised to prominence or consequence. "A race of upstart creatures." Milton.
UPSTAY Up*stay", v. t.
Defn: To sustain; to support. [Obs.] "His massy spear upstayed." Milton.
UPSTERTE Up*stert"e, obs.
Defn: imp. & p. p. of Upstart.
UPSTIR Up"stir`, n.
Defn: Insurrection; commotion; disturbance. [Obs.] Sir J. Cheke.
UPSTREAM Up*stream", adv.
Defn: Toward the higher part of a stream; against the current.
UPSTREET Up*street", adv.
Defn: Toward the higher part of a street; as, to walk upstreet. G. W. Gable.
UPSTROKE Up"stroke`, n.
Defn: An upward stroke, especially the stroke, or line, made by a writing instrument when moving upward, or from the body of the writer, or a line corresponding to the part of a letter thus made. Some upstroke of an Alpha and Omega. Mrs. Browning.
UPSUN Up"sun`, n. (Scots Law)
Defn: The time during which the sun is up, or above the horizon; the time between sunrise and sunset.
UPSWARM Up*swarm", v. i. & i.
Defn: To rise, or cause to rise, in a swarm or swarms. [R.] Shak. Cowper.
UPSWAY Up*sway", v. t.
Defn: To sway or swing aloft; as, to upsway a club. [R.] Sir W. Scott.
UPSWELL Up*swell", v. i.
Defn: To swell or rise up.
UPSYTURVY Up"sy*tur"vy, adv. Etym: [Cf. Upside down, under Upside, and Topsy- turvy.]
Defn: Upside down; topsy-turvy. [Obs.] Robert Greene.
UPTAILS ALL Up"tails` all".
1. An old game at cards. [Obs.]
2. Revelers; roysterers. [Obs.] Decker.
3. Revelry; confusion; frolic. [Obs.] Herrick.
UPTAKE Up*take", v. t.
Defn: To take into the hand; to take up; to help. [Obs.] Wyclif. Spenser.
UPTAKE Up"take`, n. (Steam Boilers)
1. The pipe leading upward from the smoke box of a steam boiler to the chimney, or smokestack; a flue leading upward.
2. Understanding; apprehension. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.
UPTEAR Up*tear", v. t.
Defn: To tear up. Milton.
UPTHROW Up*throw", v. t.
Defn: To throw up. Drayton.
UPTHROW Up"throw`, n. (Mining)
Defn: See Throw, n., 9.
UPTHUNDER Up*thun"der, v. i.
Defn: To send up a noise like thunder. [R.] Coleridge.
UPTIE Up*tie", v. t.
Defn: To tie up. Spenser.
UPTILL Up*till", prep.
Defn: To; against. [Obs. & R.] She, poor bird, as all forlorn, Leaned her breast uptill a thorn. Shak.
UP-TO-DATE Up`-to-date", a.
Defn: Extending to the present time; having style, manners, knowledge, or other qualities that are abreast of the times. "A general up-to-date style of presentment." Nature.
I must prefer to translate the poet in a manner more congenial if less up-to-date. Andrew Lang.
UPTOWN Up*town", adv.
Defn: To or in the upper part of a town; as, to go uptown. [Colloq. U. S.]
UPTOWN Up"town`, a.
Defn: Situated in, or belonging to, the upper part of a town or city; as, a uptown street, shop, etc.; uptown society. [Colloq. U. S.]
UPTRACE Up*trace", v. t.
Defn: To trace up or out.
UPTRAIN Up*train", v. t.
Defn: To train up; to educate. [Obs.] "Daughters which were well uptrained." Spenser.
UP-TRAIN Up"-train`.
1. A train going in the direction of the metropolis or the main terminus. [Eng.]
2. A train going in the direction conventionally called up. [U.S.]
UPTURN Up*turn", v. t.
Defn: To turn up; to direct upward; to throw up; as, to upturn the ground in plowing. "A sea of upturned faces." D. Webster. So scented the grim feature, and upturned His nostril wide into the murky air. Milton.
UPUPA U"pu*pa, n. Etym: [L., the hoopoe.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of birds which includes the common hoopoe.
UPWAFT Up*waft", v. t.
Defn: To waft upward. Cowper.
UPWARD; UPWARDS Up"ward, Up"wards, adv. Etym: [AS. upweardes. See Up-, and -wards.]
1. In a direction from lower to higher; toward a higher place; in a course toward the source or origin; -- opposed to downward; as, to tend or roll upward. I. Watts. Looking inward, we are stricken dumb; looking upward, we speak and prevail. Hooker.
2. In the upper parts; above. Dagon his name, sea monster, upward man, And down ward fish. Milton.
3. Yet more; indefinitely more; above; over. From twenty years old and upward. Num. i. 3. Upward of, or Upwards of, more than; above. I have been your wife in this obedience Upward of twenty years. Shak.
UPWARD Up"ward, a. Etym: [AS. upweard. See Up, and -ward.]
Defn: Directed toward a higher place; as, with upward eye; with upward course.
UPWARD Up"ward, n.
Defn: The upper part; the top. [Obs.] From the extremest upward of thy head. Shak.
UPWHIRL Up*whirl", v. t. & i.
Defn: To rise upward in a whirl; to raise upward with a whirling motion.
UPWIND Up*wind", v. t.
Defn: To wind up. Spenser.
UP-WIND Up"-wind`, adv.
Defn: Against the wind.
UPWREATH Up*wreath", v. i.
Defn: To rise with a curling motion; to curl upward, as smoke. Longfellow.
UPYAT Up*yat", obs.
Defn: imp. of Upgive. Chaucer.
UR; URE Ur, Ure, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The urus.
URACHUS U"ra*chus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: A cord or band of fibrous tissue extending from the bladder to the umbilicus.
URAEMIA U*ræ"mi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: Accumulation in the blood of the principles of the urine, producing dangerous disease.
URAEMIC U*ræ"mic, a. (Med.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to uræmia; as, uræmic convulsions.
URAEUM U*ræ"um, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. uraeus, adj.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The posterior half of an animal.
URAEUS U*ræ"us, n. [NL., fr. L. uraeus pertaining to a tail, Gr. , fr. tail.] (Egypt. Archæol.)
Defn: A serpent, or serpent's head and neck, represented on the front of the headdresses of divinities and sovereigns as an emblem of supreme power.
URAL U"ral, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, the Urals, a mountain range between Europe and Asia.
URAL-ALTAIC U"ral-Al*ta"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Urals and the Altai; as the Ural- Altaic, or Turanian, languages.
URALI U"ra*li, n. Etym: [See Wourali.]
Defn: See Curare.
URALIAN; URALIC U*ra"li*an, U*ral"ic, a.
Defn: Of or relating to the Ural Mountains.
URALITE U"ral*ite, n. Etym: [So called because first observed in the Ural Mountains.] (Min.)
Defn: Amphibole resulting from the alternation of pyroxene by paramorphism. It is not uncommon in massive eruptive rocks.
URALITIZATION U`ral*i`ti*za"tion, n. (Geol.)
Defn: The change of pyroxene to amphibole by paramorphism.
URAMIL U*ram"il, n. (Chem.)
Defn: Murexan.
URANATE U"ra*nate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of uranic acid.
URANIA U*ra"ni*a, n. Etym: [L., from Gr.
1. (Class. Myth.)
Defn: One of the nine Muses, daughter of Zeus by Mnemosyne, and patron of astronomy.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of large, brilliantly colored moths native of the West Indies and South America. Their bright colored and tailed hind wings and their diurnal flight cause them to closely resemble butterflies.
URANIAN U*ra"ni*an, a. (Astron.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the planet Uranus; as, the Uranian year.
URANIC U*ran"ic, a.
1. Of or pertaining to the heavens; celestial; astronomical. On I know not what telluric or uranic principles. Carlyle.
2. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, resembling, or containing uranium; specifically, designating those compounds in which uranium has a valence relatively higher than in uranous compounds.
URANIN U"ra*nin, n. (Chem.)
Defn: An alkaline salt of fluorescein, obtained as a brownish red substance, which is used as a dye; -- so called from the peculiar yellowish green fluorescence (resembling that of uranium glass) of its solutions. See Fluorescein.
URANINITE U*ran"i*nite, n. (Min.)
Defn: A mineral consisting chiefly of uranium oxide with some lead, thorium, etc., occurring in black octahedrons, also in masses with a pitchlike luster; pitchblende.
URANISCOPLASTY U`ra*nis"co*plas`ty, n. Etym: [Gr. -plasty.] (Surg.)
Defn: The process of forming an artificial palate.
URANISCORAPHY; URANISCORRHAPHY U`ra*nis*cor"a*phy, U`ra*nis*cor"rha*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. (Surg.)
Defn: Suture of the palate. See Staphyloraphy.
URANITE U"ra*nite, n. Etym: [Cf. G. uranit, F. uranite.] (Min.)
Defn: A general term for the uranium phosphates, autunite, or lime uranite, and torbernite, or copper uranite.
URANITIC U`ra*nit"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to uranium; containing uranium.
URANIUM U*ra"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL., from Uranus the planet. See Uranus.] (Chem.)
Defn: An element of the chromium group, found in certain rare minerals, as pitchblende, uranite, etc., and reduced as a heavy, hard, nickel-white metal which is quite permanent. Its yellow oxide is used to impart to glass a delicate greenish-yellow tint which is accompanied by a strong fluorescence, and its black oxide is used as a pigment in porcelain painting. Symbol U. Atomic weight 239.
Note: Uranium was discovered in the state of an oxide by Klaproth in 1789, and so named in honor of Herschel's discovery of the planet Uranus in 1781.
URAN-OCHER; URAN-OCHRE U"ran-o`cher, U"ran-o`chre, n. Etym: [Cf. F. uranochre.] (Min.) (a) A yellow, earthy incrustation, consisting essentially of the oxide of uranium, but more or less impure.
URANOGRAPHIC; URANOGRAPHICAL U`ra*no*graph"ic, U`ra*no*graph"ic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to uranography; as, an uranographic treatise.
URANOGRAPHIST U`ra*nog"ra*phist, n.
Defn: One practiced in uranography.
URANOGRAPHY U`ra*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: A description or plan of the heavens and the heavenly bodies; the construction of celestial maps, globes, etc.; uranology.
URANOLITE U*ran"o*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.]
Defn: A meteorite or aërolite. [Obs.] Hutton.
URANOLOGY U`ra*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]
Defn: A discourse or treatise on the heavens and the heavenly bodies; the study of the heavens; uranography.
URANOMETRIA U`ra*nom`e*tri"a, n. Etym: [NL.]
Defn: A uranometry.
URANOMETRY U`ra*nom"e*try, n. Etym: [Gr. -metry.] (Astron.)
Defn: A chart or catalogue of fixed stars, especially of stars visible to the naked eye.
URANOPLASTY U"ra*no*plas`ty, n. Etym: [See Uraniscoplasty.] (Surg.)
Defn: The plastic operation for closing a fissure in the hard palate.
URANOSCOPY U`ra*nos"co*py, n. Etym: [Gr. -scopy.]
Defn: Observation of the heavens or heavenly bodies.
URANOSO- U`ra*no"so- (, a. (Chem.)
Defn: A combining form (also used adjectively) from uranium; -- used in naming certain complex compounds; as in uranoso-uranic oxide, uranoso-uranic sulphate.
URANOUS U"ra*nous (u"ra*nûs), a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, uranium; designating those compounds in which uranium has a lower valence as contrasted with the uranic compounds.
URANUS U"ra*nus (-nûs), n. Etym: [L. Uranus, Gr. O'yrano`s Uranus, o'yrano`s heaven, sky. Cf. Uranium.]
1. (Gr. Myth.)
Defn: The son or husband of Gaia (Earth), and father of Chronos (Time) and the Titans.
2. (Astron.)
Defn: One of the primary planets. It is about 1,800,000,000 miles from the sun, about 36,000 miles in diameter, and its period of revolution round the sun is nearly 84 of our years.
Note: This planet has also been called Herschel, from Sir William Herschel, who discovered it in 1781, and who named it Georgium Sidus, in honor of George III., then King of England.
URAN-UTAN U*ran"-u*tan`, (Zoöl.)
Defn: The orang-utang
URANYL U"ra*nyl, n. Etym: [Uranium + -yl.] (Chem.)
Defn: The radical UO2, conveniently regarded as a residue of many uranium compounds.
URAO U*ra"o, n. Etym: [Sp.] (Min.)
Defn: See Trona.
URARE; URARI U*ra"re, U*ra"ri, n.
Defn: See Curare.
URATE U"rate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. urate.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A salt of uric acid; as, sodium urate; ammonium urate.
URATIC U*rat"ic, (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: Of or containing urates; as, uratic calculi.
URBAN Ur"ban, a. Etym: [L. urbanus belonging to the urbs, urbis, a city: cf. F. urbain. Cf. Urbane.]
1. Of or belonging to a city or town; as, an urban population.
2. Belonging to, or suiting, those living in a city; cultivated; polite; urbane; as, urban manners. Urban servitude. See Predial servitude, under Servitude.
URBANE Ur*bane", a. Etym: [See Urban.]
Defn: Courteous in manners; polite; refined; elegant.
URBANISTE Ur"ban*iste, n. (Bot.)
Defn: A large and delicious pear or Flemish origin.
URBANITY Ur*ban"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. urbanitas; cf. F. urbanité.]
1. The quality or state of being urbane; civility or courtesy of manners; politeness; refinement. The marquis did the honors of his house with the urbanity of his country. W. Irving.
2. Polite wit; facetiousness. [Obs.] Dryden. Raillery in the sauce of civil entertainment; and without some such tincture of urbanity, good humor falters. L'Estrange.
Syn. -- Politeness; suavity; affability; courtesy.
URBANIZE Ur"ban*ize, v. t.
Defn: To render urban, or urbane; to refine; to polish. Howell.
URBICOLAE Ur*bic"o*læ, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. urbs, urbis, a city + colere to inhabit.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An extensive family of butterflies, including those known as skippers (Hesperiadæ).
URBICOLOUS Ur*bic"o*lous, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a city; urban. [R.]
URCEOLAR Ur"ce*o*lar, a.
Defn: Urceolate.
URCEOLATE; URCELATE Ur"ce*o*late, Ur"ce*late, a. Etym: [L. urceolus, dim. of urceus a pitcher or waterpot.] (Nat. Hist.)
Defn: Shaped like a pitcher or urn; swelling below, and contrasted at the orifice, as a calyx or corolla.
URCEOLE Ur"ce*ole, n. Etym: [See Urceolate.] (R. C. Ch.)
Defn: A vessel for water for washing the hands; also, one to hold wine or water.
URCEOLUS Ur*ce"o*lus, n.; pl. Urceoli. Etym: [L., a little pitcher.] (Bot.)
Defn: Any urn-shaped organ of a plant.
URCHIN Ur"chin, n. Etym: [OE. urchon, irchon, a hedgehog, OF. ireçon, eriçon, heri, herichon, F. hérisson, a derivative fr. L. ericius, from er a hedgehog, for her; akin to Gr. Herisson.]
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A hedgehog.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A sea urchin. See Sea urchin.
3. A mischievous elf supposed sometimes to take the form a hedgehog. "We 'll dress [them] like urchins, ouphes, and fairies." Shak.
4. A pert or roguish child; -- now commonly used only of a boy. And the urchins that stand with their thievish eyes Forever on watch ran off each with a prize. W. Howitt. You did indeed dissemble, you urchin you; but where's the girl that won't dissemble for an husband Goldsmith.
5. One of a pair in a series of small card cylinders, arranged around a carding drum; -- so called from its fancied resemblance to the hedgehog. Knight. Urchin fish (Zoöl.), a diodon.
URCHIN Ur"chin, a.
Defn: Rough; pricking; piercing. [R.] "Helping all urchin blasts." Milton.
URCHON Ur"chon, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The urchin, or hedgehog.
URDU Ur"du, n. Etym: [Hind. urdu.]
Defn: The language more generally called Hindoostanee.
URE Ure, n. Etym: [OE. ure, OF. oevre, ovre, ouvre, work, F. oeuvre, L. opera. See Opera, Operate, and cf. Inure, Manure.]
Defn: Use; practice; exercise. [Obs.] Fuller. Let us be sure of this, to put the best in ure That lies in us. Chapman.
URE Ure, v. t.
Defn: To use; to exercise; to inure; to accustom by practice. [Obs.] The French soldiers . . . from their youth have been practiced and ured in feats of arms. Sir T. More.
UREA U"re*a, a. Etym: [NL. See Urine.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A very soluble crystalline body which is the chief constituent of the urine in mammals and some other animals. It is also present in small quantity in blood, serous fluids, lymph, the liver, etc.
Note: It is the main product of the regressive metamorphosis (katabolism) of proteid matter in the body, and is excreted daily to the amount of about 500 grains by a man of average weight. Chemically it is carbamide, CO(NH2)2, and when heated with strong acids or alkalies is decomposed into carbonic acid and ammonia. It unites with acids to form salts, as nitrate of urea, and it can be made synthetically from ammonium cyanate, with which it is isomeric. Urea ferment, a soluble ferment formed by certain bacteria, which, however, yield the ferment from the body of their cells only after they have been killed by alcohol. It causes urea to take up water and decompose into carbonic acid and ammonia. Many different bacteria possess this property, especially Bacterium ureæ and Micrococcus ureæ, which are found abundantly in urines undergoing alkaline fermentation.
UREAL U"re*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to urea; containing, or consisting of, urea; as, ureal deposits.
UREAMETER U`re*am"e*ter, n. Etym: [Urea + -meter.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: An apparatus for the determination of the amount of urea in urine, in which the nitrogen evolved by the action of certain reagents, on a given volume of urine, is collected and measured, and the urea calculated accordingly.
URECHITIN U`re*chi"tin, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A glucoside extracted from the leaves of a certain plant (Urechitis suberecta) as a bitter white crystalline substance.
URECHITOXIN U`re*chi*tox"in, n. Etym: [Urechitin + toxic + -in.] (Chem.)
Defn: A poisonous glucoside found accompanying urechitin, and extracted as a bitter white crystalline substance.
UREDO U*re"do, n. Etym: [L., a blast, blight, a burning itch, fr. urere to burn, to scorch.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: One of the stages in the life history of certain rusts (Uredinales), regarded at one time as a distinct genus. It is a summer stage preceding the teleutospore, or winter stage. See Uredinales, in the Supplement.
2. (Med.)
Defn: Nettle rash. See Urticaria.
UREDOSPORE U*re"do*spore, n. (Bot.)
Defn: The thin-walled summer spore which is produced during the so- called Uredo stage of certain rusts. See (in the Supplement) Uredinales, Heteroecious, etc.
UREIDE U"re*ide, n. (Chem.)
Defn: Any one of the many complex derivatives of urea; thus, hydantoin, and, in an extended dense, guanidine, caffeine, et., are ureides. [Written also ureid.]
-URET -u*ret.
Defn: A suffix with the same meaning as -ide. See -ide. [Obs.]
URETER U*re"ter, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Urine.] (Anat.)
Defn: The duct which conveys the urine from the kidney to the bladder or cloaca. There are two ureters, one for each kidney.
URETERITIS U*re`ter*i"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Ureter, and -itis.] (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of the ureter. Dunglison.
URETHANE U*reth"ane, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A white crystalline substance, NH2.CO.OC2H5, produced by the action of ammonia on ethyl carbonate. It is used somewhat in medicine as a hypnotic. By extension, any one of the series of related substances of which urethane proper is the type.
URETHRA U*re"thra, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Urine.] (Anat.)
Defn: The canal by which the urine is conducted from the bladder and discharged.
URETHRAL U*re"thral, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the urethra. Urethral fever (Med.), fever occurring as a consequence of operations upon the urethra.
URETHRITIS U`re*thri"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Urethra, and -itis.] (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of the urethra.
URETHROPLASTY U*re"thro*plas`ty, n. Etym: [Urethra + -plasty.] (Surg.)
Defn: An operation for the repair of an injury or a defect in the walls of the urethra. -- U*re`thro*plas"tic, a.
URETHROSCOPE U*re"thro*scope, n. Etym: [Urethra + -scope.] (Med.)
Defn: An instrument for viewing the interior of the urethra.
URETHROSCOPY U`re*thros"co*py, n. (Med.)
Defn: Examination of the urethra by means of the urethroscope.
URETHROTOME U*re"thro*tome, n. Etym: [Urethra + Gr.
Defn: An instrument for cutting a urethral stricture.
URETHROTOMY U`re*throt"o*my, n. Etym: [Urethra + Gr. (Surg.)
Defn: An incision of the urethra, esp. incision for relief of urethral stricture.
URETIC U*ret"ic, a. Etym: [L. ureticus, Gr. Urine.] (Med.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the urine; diuretic; urinary; as, uretic medicine.
URGE Urge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Urged; p. pr. & vb. n. Urging.] Etym: [L. urgere; akin to E. wreak. See Wreak, v. t.]
1. To press; to push; to drive; to impel; to force onward. Through the thick deserts headlong urged his flight. Pope.
2. To press the mind or will of; to ply with motives, arguments, persuasion, or importunity. My brother never Did urge me in his act; I did inquire it. Shak.
3. To provoke; to exasperate. [R.] Urge not my father's anger. Shak.
4. To press hard upon; to follow closely Heir urges heir, like wave impelling wave. Pope.
5. To present in an urgent manner; to press upon attention; to insist upon; as, to urge an argument; to urge the necessity of a case.
6. To treat with forcible means; to take severe or violent measures with; as, to urge an ore with intense heat.
Syn. -- To animate; incite; impel; instigate; stimulate; encourage.
URGE Urge, v. i.
1. To press onward or forward. [R.]
2. To be pressing in argument; to insist; to persist.
URGENCE Ur"gence, n.
Defn: Urgency. [Obs.]
URGENCY Ur"gen*cy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. urgence.]
Defn: The quality or condition of being urgent; insistence; pressure; as, the urgency of a demand or an occasion.
URGENT Ur"gent, a. Etym: [L. urgens, p. pr. of urgere: cf. F. urgent. See Urge.]
Defn: Urging; pressing; besetting; plying, with importunity; calling for immediate attention; instantly important. "The urgent hour." Shak. Some urgent cause to ordain the contrary. Hooker. The Egyptians were urgent upon the people that they might send them out of the land in haste. Ex. xii. 33.
URGENTLY Ur"gent*ly, adv.
Defn: In an urgent manner.
URGER Ur"ger, n.
Defn: One who urges. Beau. & Fl.
URIC U"ric, a. Etym: [Gr. urique. See Urine.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to urine; obtained from urine; as, uric acid. Uric acid, a crystalline body, present in small quantity in the urine of man and most mammals. Combined in the form of urate of ammonia, it is the chief constituent of the urine of birds and reptiles, forming the white part. Traces of it are also found in the various organs of the body. It is likewise a common constituent, either as the free acid or as a urate, of urinary or renal calculi and of the so-called gouty concretions. From acid urines, uric acid is frequently deposited, on standing in a cool place, in the form of a reddish yellow sediment, nearly always crystalline. Chemically, it is composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, C5H4N4O3, and by decomposition yields urea, among other products. It can be made synthetically by heating together urea and glycocoll. It was formerly called also lithic acid, in allusion to its occurrence in stone, or calculus.
URIM U"rim, n. Etym: [Heb. , pl. of , fire light.]
Defn: A part or decoration of the breastplate of the high priest among the ancient Jews, by which Jehovah revealed his will on certain occasions. Its nature has been the subject of conflicting conjectures. Thou shall put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim. Ex. xxviii. 30. And when Saul inquired of the Lord, the Lord answered him not, neither by dreams, nor by Urim, nor by prophets. 1 Sam. xxviii. 6.
Note: Professor Plumptre supposes the Urim to have been a clear and colorless stone set in the breastplate of the high priest as a symbol of light, answering to the mystic scarab in the pectoral plate of the ancient Egyptian priests, and that the Thummim was an image corresponding to that worn by the priestly judges of Egypt as a symbol of truth and purity of motive. By gazing steadfastly on these, he may have been thrown into a mysterious, half ecstatic state, akin to hypnotism, in which he lost all personal consciousness, and received a spiritual illumination and insight.
URINAL U"ri*nal, n. Etym: [L. urinal, fr. urina urine: cf. F. urinal.]
1. A vessel for holding urine; especially, a bottle or tube for holding urine for inspection.
2. A place or convenience for urinating purposes.
URINARIUM U`ri*na"ri*um, n. Etym: [LL. urinarium.] (Agric.)
Defn: A reservoir for urine, etc., for manure.
URINARY U"ri*na*ry, a. Etym: [L. urina urine: cf. F. urinaire.]
1. Of or pertaining to the urine; as, the urinary bladder; urinary excretions.
2. Resembling, or being of the nature of, urine. Urinary calculus (Med.), a concretion composed of some one or more crystalline constituents of the urine, liable to be found in any portion of the urinary passages or in the pelvis of the kidney. -- Urinary pigments, (Physiol. Chem.), certain colored substances, urochrome, or urobilin, uroerythrin, etc., present in the urine together with indican, a colorless substance which by oxidation is convertible into colored bodies.
URINARY U"ri*na*ry, n.
Defn: A urinarium; also, a urinal.
URINATE U"ri*nate, v. i. Etym: [LL. urinare.]
Defn: To discharge urine; to make water.
URINATION U`ri*na"tion, n.
Defn: The act or process of voiding urine; micturition.
URINATIVE U"ri*na*tive, a.
Defn: Provoking the flow of urine; uretic; diuretic. [R.] Bacon.
URINATOR U"ri*na`tor, n. Etym: [L., from urinari to plunge under water, to dive.]
Defn: One who dives under water in search of something, as for pearls; a diver. [R.] Ray.
URINE U"rine, n. Etym: [F. urine, L. urina; akin to urinari to plunge under water, to dive, Gr. var water, Icel. drizzling rain, AS. wær the sea.] (Physiol.)
Defn: In mammals, a fluid excretion from the kidneys; in birds and reptiles, a solid or semisolid excretion.
Note: In man, the urine is a clear, transparent fluid of an amber color and peculiar odor, with an average density of 1.02. The average amount excreted in 24 hours is from 40 to 60 ounces (about 1,200 cubic centimeters). Chemically, the urine is mainly an aqueous solution of urea, salt (sodium chloride), and uric acid, together with some hippuric acid and peculiar pigments. It usually has an acid reaction, owing to the presence of acid phosphates of soda or free uric acid. Normally, it contains about 960 parts of water to 40 parts of solid matter, and the daily average excretion is 35 grams (540 grains) of urea, 0.75 gram (11 grains) of uric acid, and 16.5 grams (260 grains) of salt. Abnormally, it may contain sugar as in diabetes, albumen as in Bright's disease, bile pigments as in jaundice, or abnormal quantities of some one or more of the normal constituents.
URINE U"rine, v. i.
Defn: To urinate. [Obs.] Bacon.
URINIFEROUS U`ri*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Urine + -ferous.]
Defn: Bearing or conveying urine; as, uriniferous tubules.
URINIPAROUS U`ri*nip"a*rous, a. Etym: [Urine + L. parere to produce: cf. F. urinipare.] (Physiol.)
Defn: Producing or preparing urine; as, the uriniparous tubes in the cortical portion of the kidney.
URINOGENITAL U`ri*no*gen"i*tal, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Pertaining to the urinary and genital organs; genitourinary; urogenital; as, the urinogenital canal.
URINOMETER U`ri*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Urine + -meter.]
Defn: A small hydrometer for determining the specific gravity of urine.
URINOMETRY U`ri*nom"e*try, n.
Defn: The estimation of the specific gravity of urine by the urinometer.
URINOSE; URINOUS U"ri*nose, U"ri*nous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. urineux. See Urine.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to urine, or partaking of its qualities; having the character or odor of urine; similar to urine. Arbuthnot.
URITE U"rite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the segments of the abdomen or post-abdomen of arthropods.
URITH U"rith, n.
Defn: The bindings of a hedge. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.
URN Urn, n. Etym: [OE. urne, L. urna; perhaps fr. urere to burn, and sop called as being made of burnt clay (cf. East): cf. F. urne.]
1. A vessel of various forms, usually a vase furnished with a foot or pedestal, employed for different purposes, as for holding liquids, for ornamental uses, for preserving the ashes of the dead after cremation, and anciently for holding lots to be drawn. A rustic, digging in the ground by Padua, found an urn, or earthen pot, in which there was another urn. Bp. Wilkins. His scattered limbs with my dead body burn, And once more join us in the pious urn. Dryden.
2. Fig.: Any place of burial; the grave. Or lay these bones in an unworthy urn, Tombless, with no remembrance over them. Shak.
3. (Rom. Antiq.)
Defn: A measure of capacity for liquids, containing about three gallons and a haft, wine measure. It was haft the amphora, and four times the congius.
4. (Bot.)
Defn: A hollow body shaped like an urn, in which the spores of mosses are contained; a spore case; a theca.
5. A tea urn. See under Tea. Urn mosses (Bot.), the order of true mosses; -- so called because the capsules of many kinds are urn- shaped.
URN Urn, v. t.
Defn: To inclose in, or as in, an urn; to inurn. When horror universal shall descend, And heaven's dark concave urn all human race. Young.
URNAL Urn"al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to an urn; effected by an urn or urns. "Urnal interments." Sir T. Browne.
URNFUL Urn"ful, n.; pl. Urnfuls (.
Defn: As much as an urn will hold; enough to fill an urn.
URN-SHAPED Urn"-shaped`, a.
Defn: Having the shape of an urn; as, the urn-shaped capsules of some mosses.
URO- U"ro-.
Defn: A combining form fr. Gr. o'y^ron, urine.
URO- U"ro-.
Defn: A combining form from Gr. o'yra`, the tail, the caudal extremity.
UROBILIN U`ro*bi"lin, n. Etym: [1st uro- + bile + -in.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A yellow pigment identical with hydrobilirubin, abundant in the highly colored urine of fever, and also present in normal urine. See Urochrome.
UROCELE U"ro*cele, n. Etym: [1st uro + Gr. (Med.)
Defn: A morbid swelling of the scrotum due to extravasation of urine into it.
UROCERATA U`ro*cer"a*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A division of boring Hymenoptera, including Tremex and allied genera. See Illust. of Horntail.
UROCHORD U"ro*chord, n. Etym: [2d uro- + chord.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The central axis or cord in the tail of larval ascidians and of certain adult tunicates. [Written also urocord.]
UROCHORDA U`ro*chor"da, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Urochord.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Tunicata.
UROCHORDAL U`ro*chor"dal, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Urochorda.
UROCHROME U"ro*chrome, n. Etym: [1st uro- + Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A yellow urinary pigment, considered by Thudichum as the only pigment present in normal urine. It is regarded by Maly as identical with urobilin.
UROCHS U"rochs, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Aurochs.
UROCORD U"ro*cord, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Urochord.
UROCYST U"ro*cyst, n. Etym: [1st uro- + cyst.] (Anat.)
Defn: The urinary bladder.
URODELA U`ro*de"la, n. pl. Etym: [NL.; Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An order of amphibians having the tail well developed and often long. It comprises the salamanders, tritons, and allied animals.
URODELE U"ro*dele, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the Urodela.
URODELIAN U`ro*de"li*an, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Urodela. -- n.
Defn: One of the Urodela.
UROERYTHRIN U`ro*e*ryth"rin, n. Etym: [See 1st Uro-, and Erythrin.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A reddish urinary pigment, considered as the substance which gives to the urine of rheumatism its characteristic color. It also causes the red color often seen in deposits of urates.
UROGASTRIC U`ro*gas"tric, a. Etym: [2d uro- + gastric.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Behind the stomach; -- said of two lobes of the carapace of certain crustaceans.
UROGENITAL U`ro*gen"i*tal, a. Etym: [1st uro- + genital.] (Anat.)
Defn: Same as Urinogenital.
UROGLAUCIN U`ro*glau"cin, n. Etym: [1st uro- + L. glaucus bright.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: A body identical with indigo blue, occasionally found in the urine in degeneration of the kidneys. It is readily formed by oxidation or decomposition of indican.
UROHAEMATIN U`ro*hæm"a*tin, n. Etym: [1st uro- + hæmatin.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: Urinary hæmatin; -- applied to the normal coloring matter of the urine, on the supposition that it is formed either directly or indirectly (through bilirubin) from the hæmatin of the blood. See Urochrome, and Urobilin.
UROHYAL U`ro*hy"al, a. Etym: [2d uro- + the Gr. letter (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to one or more median and posterior elements in the hyoidean arch of fishes. -- n.
Defn: A urohyal bone or cartilage.
UROLOGY U*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [1st uro- + -logy.] (Med.)
Defn: See Uronology.
UROMERE U"ro*mere, n. Etym: [2d uro- + -mere.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of the abdominal segments of an arthropod.
URONOLOGY U`ro*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.] (Med.)
Defn: That part of medicine which treats of urine. Dunglison.
UROPOD U"ro*pod, n. Etym: [2d uro- + -pod.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of the abdominal appendages of a crustacean, especially one of the posterior ones, which are often larger than the rest, and different in structure, and are used chiefly in locomotion. See Illust. of Crustacea, and Stomapoda.
UROPODAL U*rop"o*dal, a. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to a uropod.
UROPOETIC U`ro*po*et"ic, a. Etym: [1st uro- + Gr.
1. (Med.)
Defn: Producing, or favoring the production of, urine.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, a system of organs which eliminate nitrogenous waste matter from the blood of certain invertebrates.
UROPYGIAL U`ro*pyg"i*al, a. Etym: [See Uropygium.] (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the uropygium, or prominence at the base of the tail feathers, in birds. Uropygial gland, a peculiar sebaceous gland at the base of the tail feathers in most birds. It secretes an oily fluid which is spread over the feathers by preening.
UROPYGIUM U`ro*pyg"i*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: The prominence at the posterior extremity of a bird's body, which supports the feathers of the tail; the rump; -- sometimes called pope's nose.
UROSACRAL U`ro*sa"cral, a. Etym: [2d uro- + sacral.] (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to both the caudal and sacral parts of the vertebral column; as, the urosacral vertebræ of birds.
UROSCOPY U*ros"co*py, n. Etym: [1st uro- + -scopy: cf. F. uroscopie.]
Defn: The diagnosis of diseases by inspection of urine. Sir T. Browne.
UROSOME U"ro*some, n. Etym: [2d uro- + -some body.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The abdomen, or post-abdomen, of arthropods.
UROSTEGE U"ro*stege, n. Etym: [2d uro- + Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the plates on the under side of the tail of a serpent.
UROSTEON U*ros"te*on, n.; pl. L. Urostea, E. Urosteons. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: A median ossification back of the lophosteon in the sternum of some birds.
UROSTERNITE U`ro*ster"nite, n. Etym: [2d uro- + sternum.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The sternal, or under piece, of any one of the uromeres of insects and other arthropods.
UROSTYLE U"ro*style, n. Etym: [2d uro- + Gr. (Anat.)
Defn: A styliform process forming the posterior extremity of the vertebral column in some fishes and amphibians.
UROX U"rox, n. Etym: [See Aurochs, and cf. Urus.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The aurochs.
UROXANATE U*rox"a*nate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of uroxanic acid.
UROXANIC U`rox*an"ic, a. Etym: [Uric + alloxan.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, C5H8N4O6, which is obtained, as a white crystalline substance, by the slow oxidation of uric acid in alkaline solution.
UROXANTHIN U`ro*xan"thin, n. Etym: [1st uro- + xanthin.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: Same as Indican.
URRHODIN Ur*rho"din, n. Etym: [1st uro- + Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)
Defn: Indigo red, a product of the decomposition, or oxidation, of indican. It is sometimes found in the sediment of pathological urines. It is soluble in ether or alcohol, giving the solution a beautiful red color. Also called indigrubin.
URRY Ur"ry, n. Etym: [Cf. Gael. uir, uireach, mold, clay.]
Defn: A sort of blue or black clay lying near a vein of coal.
URSA Ur"sa, n. Etym: [L. ursa a she-bear, also, a constellation, fem. of ursus a bear. Cf. Arctic.] (Astron.)
Defn: Either one of the Bears. See the Phrases below. Ursa Major Etym: [L.], the Great Bear, one of the most conspicuous of the northern constellations. It is situated near the pole, and contains the stars which form the Dipper, or Charles's Wain, two of which are the Pointers, or stars which point towards the North Star. -- Ursa Minor Etym: [L.], the Little Bear, the constellation nearest the north pole. It contains the north star, or polestar, which is situated in the extremity of the tail.
URSAL Ur"sal, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The ursine seal. See the Note under 1st Seal.
URSIFORM Ur"si*form, a. Etym: [L. ursus, ursa, a bear + -form.]
Defn: Having the shape of a bear.
URSINE Ur"sine, a. Etym: [L. ursinus, from ursus a bear. See Ursa.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to a bear; resembling a bear. Ursine baboon. (Zoöl.) See Chacma. -- Ursine dasyure (Zoöl.), the Tasmanian devil. -- Ursine howler (Zoöl.), the araguato. See Illust. under Howler. -- Ursine seal. (Zoöl.) See Sea bear, and the Note under 1st Seal.
URSON Ur"son, n. Etym: [Cf. Urchin.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The Canada porcupine. See Porcupine.
URSUK Ur"suk, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The bearded seal.
URSULA Ur"su*la, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A beautiful North American butterfly (Basilarchia, or Limenitis, astyanax). Its wings are nearly black with red and blue spots and blotches. Called also red-spotted purple.
URSULINE Ur"su*line, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ursuline.] (R. C. Ch.)
Defn: One of an order of nuns founded by St. Angela Merici, at Brescia, in Italy, about the year 1537, and so called from St. Ursula, under whose protection it was placed. The order was introduced into Canada as early as 1639, and into the United States in 1727. The members are devoted entirely to education.
URSULINE Ur"su*line, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to St. Ursula, or the order of Ursulines; as, the Ursuline nuns.
URSUS Ur"sus, n. Etym: [L., a bear.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of Carnivora including the common bears.
URTICA Ur*ti"ca, n. Etym: [L., a nettle.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of plants including the common nettles. See Nettle, n.
URTICACEOUS Ur`ti*ca"ceous, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to a natural order (Urticaceæ) of plants, of which the nettle is the type. The order includes also the hop, the elm, the mulberry, the fig, and many other plants.
URTICAL Ur"tic*al, a.
Defn: Resembling nettles; -- said of several natural orders allied to urticaceous plants.
URTICARIA Ur`ti*ca"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Urtica.] (Med.)
Defn: The nettle rash, a disease characterized by a transient eruption of red pimples and of wheals, accompanied with a burning or stinging sensation and with itching; uredo.
URTICATE Ur"ti*cate, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Urticated; p. pr. & vb. n. Urticating.]
Defn: To sting with, or as with, nettles; to irritate; to annoy. G. A. Sala.
URTICATION Ur`ti*ca"tion, n. (Med.)
Defn: The act or process of whipping or stinging with nettles; -- sometimes used in the treatment of paralysis.
URUBU U*ru*bu", n. Etym: [Cf. Pg. urubú a certain Brazilian bird.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The black vulture (Catharista atrata). It ranges from the Southern United States to South America. See Vulture.
URUS U"rus, n. Etym: [L.; of Teutonic origin. See Aurochs.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A very large, powerful, and savage extinct bovine animal (Bos urus or primigenius) anciently abundant in Europe. It appears to have still existed in the time of Julius Cæsar. It had very large horns, and was hardly capable of domestication. Called also, ur, ure, and tur.
URVA Ur"va, n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The crab-eating ichneumon (Herpestes urva), native of India. The fur is black, annulated with white at the tip of each hair, and a white streak extends from the mouth to the shoulder.
US Us, pron. Etym: [OE. us, AS. ; akin to OFries. & OS. , D. ons, G. uns, Icel. & Sw. oss, Dan. os, Goth. uns, L. nos we, us, Gr. nas us. Nostrum, Our.]
Defn: The persons speaking, regarded as an object; ourselves; -- the objective case of we. See We. "Tell us a tale." Chaucer. Give us this day our daily bread. Matt. vi. 11.
USABLE Us"a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being used.
USAGE Us"age, n. Etym: [F. usage, LL. usaticum. See Use.]
1. The act of using; mode of using or treating; treatment; conduct with respect to a person or a thing; as, good usage; ill usage; hard usage. My brother Is prisoner to the bishop here, at whose hands He hath good usage and great liberty. Shak.
2. Manners; conduct; behavior. [Obs.] A gentle nymph was found, Hight Astery, excelling all the crew In courteous usage. Spenser.
3. Long-continued practice; customary mode of procedure; custom; habitual use; method. Chaucer. It has now been, during many years, the grave and decorous usage of Parliaments to hear, in respectful silence, all expressions, acceptable or unacceptable, which are uttered from the throne. Macaulay.
4. Customary use or employment, as of a word or phrase in a particular sense or signification.
5. Experience. [Obs.] In eld [old age] is both wisdom and usage. Chaucer.
Syn. -- Custom; use; habit. -- Usage, Custom. These words, as here compared, agree in expressing the idea of habitual practice; but a custom is not necessarily a usage. A custom may belong to many, or to a single individual. A usage properly belongs to the great body of a people. Hence, we speak of usage, not of custom, as the law of language. Again, a custom is merely that which has been often repeated, so as to have become, in a good degree, established. A usage must be both often repeated and of long standing. Hence, we speak of a "hew custom," but not of a "new usage." Thus, also, the "customs of society" is not so strong an expression as the "usages of society." "Custom, a greater power than nature, seldom fails to make them worship." Locke. "Of things once received and confirmed by use, long usage is a law sufficient." Hooker. In law, the words usage and custom are often used interchangeably, but the word custom also has a technical and restricted sense. See Custom, n., 3.
USAGER Us"a*ger, n. Etym: [F. usager.]
Defn: One who has the use of anything in trust for another. [Obs.] Daniel.
USANCE Us"ance, n. Etym: [F. See Use, v. t.]
1. Use; usage; employment. [Obs.] Spenser.
2. Custom; practice; usage. [Obs.] Gower. Chaucer.
3. Interest paid for money; usury. [Obs.] Shak.
4. (Com.)
Defn: The time, fixed variously by the usage between different countries, when a bill of exchange is payable; as, a bill drawn on London at one usance, or at double usance.
USANT Us"ant, a. Etym: [OF.]
Defn: Using; accustomed. [Obs.] "Usant for to steal." Chaucer.
USBEGS; USBEKS Us"begs, Us"beks, n. pl. (Ethnol.)
Defn: A Turkish tribe which about the close of the 15th century conquered, and settled in, that part of Asia now called Turkestan. [Written also Uzbecks, and Uzbeks.]
USE Use, n. Etym: [OE. us use, usage, L. usus, from uti, p. p. usus, to use. See Use, v. t.]
1. The act of employing anything, or of applying it to one's service; the state of being so employed or applied; application; employment; conversion to some purpose; as, the use of a pen in writing; his machines are in general use. Books can never teach the use of books. Bacon. This Davy serves you for good uses. Shak. When he framed All things to man's delightful use. Milton.
2. Occasion or need to employ; necessity; as, to have no further use for a book. Shak.
3. Yielding of service; advantage derived; capability of being used; usefulness; utility. God made two great lights, great for their use To man. Milton. 'T is use alone that sanctifies expense. Pope.
4. Continued or repeated practice; customary employment; usage; custom; manner; habit. Let later age that noble use envy. Spenser. How weary, stale, flat and unprofitable, Seem to me all the uses of this world! Shak.
5. Common occurrence; ordinary experience. [R.] O Cæsar! these things are beyond all use. Shak.
6. (Eccl.)
Defn: The special form of ritual adopted for use in any diocese; as, the Sarum, or Canterbury, use; the Hereford use; the York use; the Roman use; etc. From henceforth all the whole realm shall have but one use. Pref. to Book of Common Prayer.
7. The premium paid for the possession and employment of borrowed money; interest; usury. [Obs.] Thou art more obliged to pay duty and tribute, use and principal, to him. Jer. Taylor.
8. Etym: [In this sense probably a corruption of OF. oes, fr. L. opus need, business, employment, work. Cf. Operate.] (Law)
Defn: The benefit or profit of lands and tenements. Use imports a trust and confidence reposed in a man for the holding of lands. He to whose use or benefit the trust is intended shall enjoy the profits. An estate is granted and limited to A for the use of B.
9. (Forging)
Defn: A stab of iron welded to the side of a forging, as a shaft, near the end, and afterward drawn down, by hammering, so as to lengthen the forging. Contingent, or Springing, use (Law), a use to come into operation on a future uncertain event. -- In use. (a) In employment; in customary practice observance. (b) In heat; -- said especially of mares. J. H. Walsh. -- Of no use, useless; of no advantage. -- Of use, useful; of advantage; profitable. -- Out of use, not in employment. -- Resulting use (Law), a use, which, being limited by the deed, expires or can not vest, and results or returns to him who raised it, after such expiration. -- Secondary, or Shifting, use, a use which, though executed, may change from one to another by circumstances. Blackstone. -- Statute of uses (Eng. Law), the stat. 27 Henry VIII., cap. 10, which transfers uses into possession, or which unites the use and possession. -- To make use of, To put to use, to employ; to derive service from; to use.
USE Use, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Used; p. pr. & vb. n. Using.] Etym: [OE. usen, F. user to use, use up, wear out, LL. usare to use, from L. uti, p. p. usus, to use, OL. oeti, oesus; of uncertain origin. Cf. Utility.]
1. To make use of; to convert to one's service; to avail one's self of; to employ; to put a purpose; as, to use a plow; to use a chair; to use time; to use flour for food; to use water for irrigation. Launcelot Gobbo, use your legs. Shak. Some other means I have which may be used. Milton.
2. To behave toward; to act with regard to; to treat; as, to use a beast cruelly. "I will use him well." Shak. How wouldst thou use me now Milton. Cato has used me ill. Addison.
3. To practice customarily; to make a practice of; as, to use diligence in business. Use hospitality one to another. 1 Pet. iv. 9.
4. To accustom; to habituate; to render familiar by practice; to inure; -- employed chiefly in the passive participle; as, men used to cold and hunger; soldiers used to hardships and danger. I am so used in the fire to blow. Chaucer. Thou with thy compeers, Used to the yoke, draw'st his triumphant wheels. Milton. To use one's self, to behave. [Obs.] "Pray, forgive me, if I have used myself unmannerly." Shak. -- To use up. (a) To consume or exhaust by using; to leave nothing of; as, to use up the supplies. (b) To exhaust; to tire out; to leave no capacity of force or use in; to overthrow; as, he was used up by fatigue. [Colloq.]
Syn. -- Employ. -- Use, Employ. We use a thing, or make use of it, when we derive from it some enjoyment or service. We employ it when we turn that service into a particular channel. We use words to express our general meaning; we employ certain technical terms in reference to a given subject. To make use of, implies passivity in the thing; as, to make use of a pen; and hence there is often a material difference between the two words when applied to persons. To speak of "making use of another" generally implies a degrading idea, as if we had used him as a tool; while employ has no such sense. A confidential friend is employed to negotiate; an inferior agent is made use of on an intrigue. I would, my son, that thou wouldst use the power Which thy discretion gives thee, to control And manage all. Cowper. To study nature will thy time employ: Knowledge and innocence are perfect joy. Dryden.
USE Use, v. i.
1. To be wont or accustomed; to be in the habit or practice; as, he used to ride daily; -- now disused in the present tense, perhaps because of the similarity in sound, between "use to," and "used to." They use to place him that shall be their captain on a stone. Spenser. Fears use to be represented in an imaginary. Bacon. Thus we use to say, it is the room that smokes, when indeed it is the fire in the room. South. Now Moses used to take the tent and to pitch it without the camp. Ex. xxxiii. 7 (Rev. Ver.)
2. To be accustomed to go; to frequent; to inhabit; to dwell; -- sometimes followed by of. [Obs.] "Where never foot did use." Spenser. He useth every day to a merchant's house. B. Jonson. Ye valleys low, where the mild whispers use Of shades, and wanton winds, and gushing brooks. Milton.
USEFUL Use"ful, a.
Defn: Full of use, advantage, or profit; producing, or having power to produce, good; serviceable for any end or object; helpful toward advancing any purpose; beneficial; profitable; advantageous; as, vessels and instruments useful in a family; books useful for improvement; useful knowledge; useful arts. To what can I useful! Milton.
USEFULLY Use"ful*ly, adv.
Defn: In a useful manner.
USEFULNESS Use"ful*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being useful; utility; serviceableness; advantage. Addison.
Syn. -- Utility; value; profit. See Utility.
USELESS Use"less, a.
Defn: Having, or being of, no use; unserviceable; producing no good end; answering no valuable purpose; not advancing the end proposed; unprofitable; ineffectual; as, a useless garment; useless pity. Not to sit idle with so great a gift Useless, and thence ridiculous. Milton.
Syn. -- Fruitless; ineffectual. -- Useless, Fruitless, Ineffectual. We speak of an attempt, effort, etc., as being useless when there are in it inherent difficulties which forbid the hope of success, as fruitless when it fails, not from any such difficulties, but from some unexpected hindrance arising to frustrate it; as, the design was rendered fruitless by the death of its projector. Ineffectual nearly resembles fruitless, but implies a failure of a less hopeless character; as, after several ineffectual efforts, I at last succeeded. Useless are all words Till you have writ "performance" with your swords. The other is for waiving. Beau. & Fl. Waiving all searches into antiquity, in relation to this controversy, as being either needless or fruitless. Waterland. Even our blessed Savior's preaching, who spake as never man spake, was ineffectual to many. Bp. Stillingfleet. -- Use"less*ly, adv. -- Use"less*ness, n.
USER Us"er, n.
1. One who uses. Shak.
2. (Law)
Defn: Enjoyment of property; use. Mozley & W.
U-SHAPED U"-shaped`, a.
Defn: Having the form of the letter U; specif. (Phys. Geog.),
Defn: of valleys, resembling a broad U in cross profile.
USHER Ush"er, n. Etym: [OE. ussher, uschere, OF. ussier, uisser, oissier, hussier, huissier, fr. L. ostiarius a doorkeeper, fr. ostium a door, entrance, fr. os mouth. See Oral, and cf. Ostiary.]
1. An officer or servant who has the care of the door of a court, hall, chamber, or the like; hence, an officer whose business it is to introduce strangers, or to walk before a person of rank. Also, one who escorts persons to seats in a church, theater, etc. "The ushers and the squires." Chaucer. These are the ushers of Marcius. Shak.
Note: There are various officers of this kind attached to the royal household in England, including the gentleman usher of the black rod, who attends in the House of Peers during the sessions of Parliament, and twelve or more gentlemen ushers. See Black rod.
2. An under teacher, or assistant master, in a school.
USHER Ush"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ushered; p. pr. & vb. n. Ushering.]
Defn: To introduce or escort, as an usher, forerunner, or harbinger; to forerun; -- sometimes followed by in or forth; as, to usher in a stranger; to usher forth the guests; to usher a visitor into the room. The stars that usher evening rose. Milton. The Examiner was ushered into the world by a letter, setting forth the great genius of the author. Addison.
USHERANCE Ush"er*ance, n.
Defn: The act of ushering, or the state of being ushered in. [Obs.] Shaftesbury.
USHERDOM Ush"er*dom, n.
Defn: The office or position of an usher; ushership; also, ushers, collectively. [R.]
USHERLESS Ush"er*less, a.
Defn: Destitute of an usher. Marston.
USHERSHIP Ush"er*ship, n.
Defn: The office of an usher; usherdom.
USITATIVE Us"i*ta*tive, a. Etym: [L. usitari to use often.]
Defn: Denoting usual or customary action. "The usitative aorist." Alford.
USNEA Us"ne*a, n. Etym: [NL., from Ar. usnah moss.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of lichens, most of the species of which have long, gray, pendulous, and finely branched fronds. Usnea barbata is the common bearded lichen which grows on branches of trees in northern forests.
USNIC Us"nic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a complex acid obtained, as a yellow crystalline substance, from certain genera of lichens (Usnea, Parmelia, etc.).
USQUEBAUGH Us"que*baugh, n. Etym: [Ir. or Gael. uisge beatha, literally, water of life; uisge water + beatha life; akin to Gr. bi`os life. See Quick, a., and cf. Whisky.]
1. A compound distilled spirit made in Ireland and Scotland; whisky. The Scottish returns being vested in grouse, white hares, pickled salmon, and usquebaugh. Sir W. Scott.
2. A liquor compounded of brandy, or other strong spirit, raisins, cinnamon and other spices. Brande & C.
USSELF Us`self", n. pl.
Defn: Ourselves. [Obs.] Wyclif. Piers Plowman. Chaucer.
USTION Us"tion, n. Etym: [L. ustio, fr. urere, ustum, to burn: cf. F. ustion.]
Defn: The act of burning, or the state of being burned. [R.] Johnson.
USTORIOUS Us*to"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. urere, ustum, to burn.]
Defn: Having the quality of burning. [R.] I. Watts.
USTULATE Us"tu*late, a. Etym: [L. ustulatus, p. p. of ustulare to scorch, urere to burn.]
Defn: Blackened as if burned.
USTULATION Us`tu*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ustulation.]
1. The act of burning or searing. [R.] Sir W. Petty.
2. (Old Chem.)
Defn: The operation of expelling one substance from another by heat, as sulphur or arsenic from ores, in a muffle.
3. (Pharm.) (a) The roasting or drying of moist substances so as prepare them for pulverizing. (b) The burning of wine.
4. Lascivious passion; concupiscence. [Obs.] It is not certain that they took the better part when they chose ustulation before marriage, expressly against the apostle. Jer. Taylor.
USUAL U"su*al, a. Etym: [L. usualis, from usus use: cf. F. usuel. See Use, n.]
Defn: Such as is in common use; such as occurs in ordinary practice, or in the ordinary course of events; customary; ordinary; habitual; common. Consultation with oracles was a thing very usual and frequent in their times. Hooker. We can make friends of these usual enemies. Baxter. -- U"su*al*ly, adv. -- U"su*al*ness, n.
USUCAPTION U`su*cap"tion, n. Etym: [L. usucapere, usucaptum, to acquire by long use; usu (ablative of usus use) + capere to take: cf. usucapio usucaption.] (Roman Law)
Defn: The acquisition of the title or right to property by the uninterrupted possession of it for a certain term prescribed by law; -- the same as prescription in common law.
USUFRUCT U"su*fruct, n. Etym: [L. usufructus, ususfructus, usus et fructus; usus use + fructus fruit.] (Law)
Defn: The right of using and enjoying the profits of an estate or other thing belonging to another, without impairing the substance. Burrill.
USUFRUCTUARY U`su*fruc"tu*a*ry, n. Etym: [L. usufructuarius.] (Law)
Defn: A person who has the use of property and reaps the profits of it. Wharton.
USUFRUCTUARY U`su*fruc"tu*a*ry, a. (Law)
Defn: Of or pertaining to a usufruct; having the nature of a usufruct. The ordinary graces bequeathed by Christ to his church, as the usufructuary property of all its members. Coleridge.
USURARIOUS; USURARY U`su*ra"ri*ous, U"su*ra*ry, a. Etym: [L. usurarius that serves for use, that pays interest. See Usurer.]
Defn: Usurious. [Obs.] "Usurarious contracts." Jer. Taylor. Bp. Hall.
USURE U"sure, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Usured; p. pr. & vb. n. Usuring.] Etym: [Cf. OF. usurer, LL. usurare.]
Defn: To practice usury; to charge unlawful interest. [Obs.] "The usuringb senate." Shak. I usured not ne to me usured any man. Wyclif (Jer. xv. 10).
USURE U"sure, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: Usury. [Obs.] Wyclif. Foul usure and lucre of villainy. Chaucer.
USURER U"su*rer, n. Etym: [F. usurier, LL. usurarius. See Usury, and cf. Usurarious.]
1. One who lends money and takes interest for it; a money lender. [Obs.] If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as a usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury. Ex. xxii. 25.
2. One who lends money at a rate of interest beyond that established by law; one who exacts an exorbitant rate of interest for the use of money. He was wont to call me usurer. Shak.
USURIOUS U*su"ri*ous, a. Etym: [From Usury.]
1. Practicing usury; taking illegal or exorbitant interest for the use of money; as, a usurious person.
2. Partaking of usury; containing or involving usury; as, a usurious contract. -- U*su"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- U*su"ri*ous*ness, n.
USURP U*surp", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Usurped; p. pr. & vb. n. Usurping.] Etym: [L. usurpare, usurpatum, to make use of, enjoy, get possession of, usurp; the first part of usurpare is akin to usus use (see Use, n.): cf. F. usurper.]
Defn: To seize, and hold in possession, by force, or without right; as, to usurp a throne; to usurp the prerogatives of the crown; to usurp power; to usurp the right of a patron is to oust or dispossess him. Alack, thou dost usurp authority. Shak. Another revolution, to get rid of this illegitimate and usurped government, would of course be perfectly justifiable. Burke.
Note: Usurp is applied to seizure and use of office, functions, powers, rights, etc.; it is not applied to common dispossession of private property.
Syn. -- To arrogate; assume; appropriate.
USURP U*surp", v. i.
Defn: To commit forcible seizure of place, power, functions, or the like, without right; to commit unjust encroachments; to be, or act as, a usurper. The parish churches on which the Presbyterians and fanatics had usurped. Evelyn. And now the Spirits of the Mind Are busy with poor Peter Bell; Upon the rights of visual sense Usurping, with a prevalence More terrible than magic spell. Wordsworth.
USURPANT U*surp"ant, a. Etym: [L. usurpans, p. pr.]
Defn: Usurping; encroaching. [Obs.] Gauden.
USURPATION U`sur*pa"tion, n. Etym: [L. usurpatio making use, usurpation: cf. F. usurpation.]
1. The act of usurping, or of seizing and enjoying; an authorized, arbitrary assumption and exercise of power, especially an infringing on the rights of others; specifically, the illegal seizure of sovereign power; -- commonly used with of, also used with on or upon; as, the usurpation of a throne; the usurpation of the supreme power.
He contrived their destruction, with the usurpation of the regal dignity upon him. Sir T. More. A law [of a State] which is a usurpation upon the general government. O. Ellsworth. Manifest usurpation on the rights of other States. D. Webster.
Note: Usurpation, in a peculiar sense, formerly denoted the absolute ouster and dispossession of the patron of a church, by a stranger presenting a clerk to a vacant benefice, who us thereupon admitted and instituted.
2. Use; usage; custom. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.
USURPATORY U*surp"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. usurpatorius.]
Defn: Marked by usurpation; usurping. [R.]
USURPATURE U*surp"a*ture, n.
Defn: Usurpation. [R.] "Beneath man's usurpature." R. Browning.
USURPER U*surp"er, n.
Defn: One who usurps; especially, one who seizes illegally on sovereign power; as, the usurper of a throne, of power, or of the rights of a patron. A crown will not want pretenders to claim it, not usurpers, if their power serves them, to possess it. South.
USURPINGLY U*surp"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In a usurping manner.
USURY U"su*ry, n. Etym: [OE. usurie, usure, F. usure, L. usura use, usury, interest, fr. uti, p. p. usus, to use. See Use, v. t.]
1. A premium or increase paid, or stipulated to be paid, for a loan, as of money; interest. [Obs. or Archaic] Thou shalt not lend upon usury to thy brother; usury of money, usury of victuals, usury of anything that is lent upon usury. Deut. xxiii. 19. Thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the exchanges, and then at my coming I should have received mine own with usury. Matt. xxv. 27. What he borrows from the ancients, he repays with usury of Dryden.
2. The practice of taking interest. [Obs.] Usury . . . bringeth the treasure of a realm or state into a few Bacon.
3. (Law)
Defn: Interest in excess of a legal rate charged to a borrower for the use of money.
Note: The practice of requiring in repayment of money lent anything more than the amount lent, was formerly thought to be a great moral wrong, and the greater, the more was taken. Now it is not deemed more wrong to take pay for the use of money than for the use of a house, or a horse, or any other property. But the lingering influence of the former opinion, together with the fact that the nature of money makes it easier for the lender to oppress the borrower, has caused nearly all Christian nations to fix by law the rate of compensation for the use of money. Of late years, however, the opinion that money should be borrowed and repaid, or bought and sold, upon whatever terms the parties should agree to, like any other property, has gained ground everywhere. Am. Cyc.
UT Ut, n. (Min.)
Defn: The first note in Guido's musical scale, now usually superseded by do. See Solmization.
UTAS U"tas, n. Etym: [OF. huitieves, witieves, witaves, oitieves, pl. of huitieve, witieve, etc., eighth, L. octavus. See Octave, n.] [Written also utis.]
1. (O. Eng. Law)
Defn: The eighth day after any term or feast; the octave; as, the utas of St. Michael. Cowell. The marriage was celebrated and Canterbury, and in the utas of St. Hilary next ensuing she was crowned. Holinshed.
2. Hence, festivity; merriment. [Obs.] Shak.
UTENSIL U*ten"sil, n. Etym: [F. utensile, ustensile, L. utensile, fr. utensilis that may be used, fit for use, fr. uti, p. p. usus, to use. See Use, v. t.]
Defn: That which is used; an instrument; an implement; especially, an instrument or vessel used in a kitchen, or in domestic and farming business. Wagons fraught with utensils of war. Milton.
UTERINE U"ter*ine, a. Etym: [L. uterinus born of the same mother, from uterus womb: cf. F. utérin.]
1. Of or instrument to the uterus, or womb.
2. Born of the same mother, but by a different father. Walter Pope, uterine brother to Dr. Joh. WilkiWood.
UTEROGESTATION U`te*ro*ges*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Uterus + gestation.]
Defn: Gestation in the womb from conception to birth; pregnancy. Pritchard.
UTEROVAGINAL U`te*ro*vag"i*nal, n. Etym: [Uterus + vaginal.]
Defn: Pertaining to both the uterus and the vagina.
UTERUS U"te*rus, n. Etym: [L.]
1. (Anat.)
Defn: The organ of a female mammal in which the young are developed previous to birth; the womb.
Note: The uterus is simply an enlargement of the oviduct, and in the lower mammals there is one on each side, but in the higher forms the two become more or less completely united into one. In many male mammals there is a small vesicle, opening into the urinogenital canal, which corresponds to the uterus of the female and is called the male uterus, or Etym: [NL.] uterus masculinus.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A receptacle, or pouch, connected with the oviducts of many invertebrates in which the eggs are retained until they hatch or until the embryos develop more or less. See Illust. of Hermaphrodite in Append.
UTES Utes, n. pl.; sing. Ute. (Ethnol.)
Defn: An extensive tribe of North American Indians of the Shoshone stock, inhabiting Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, and adjacent regions. They are subdivided into several subordinate tribes, some of which are among the most degraded of North American Indians.
UTIA U"ti*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any species of large West Indian rodents of the genus Capromys, or Utia. In general appearance and habits they resemble rats, but they are as large as rabbits.
UTICA U"ti*ca, a. Etym: [So called from Utica, in New York.] (Geol.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, a subdivision of the Trenton Period of the Lower Silurian, characterized in the State of New York by beds of shale.
UTILE U"tile, a. Etym: [L. utilis, fr. uti to use: cf. F. utile. See Use, v. t.]
Defn: Profitable; useful. [Obs.]
UTILITARIAN U*til`i*ta"ri*an, a. Etym: [See Utility.]
1. Of or pertaining to utility; consisting in utility; as, utilitarian narrowness; a utilitarian indifference to art.
2. Of or pertaining to utilitarianism; supporting utilitarianism; as, the utilitarian view of morality; the Utilitarian Society. J. S. Mill.
UTILITARIAN U*til`i*ta"ri*an, n.
Defn: One who holds the doctrine of utilitarianism. The utilitarians are for merging all the particular virtues into one, and would substitute in their place the greatest usefulness, as the alone principle to which every question respecting the morality of actions should be referred. Chalmers. But what is a utilitarian Simply one who prefers the useful to the useless; and who does not Sir W. Hamilton.
UTILITARIANISM U*til`i*ta"ri*an*ism, n.
1. The doctrine that the greatest happiness of the greatest number should be the end and aim of all social and political institutions. Bentham.
2. The doctrine that virtue is founded in utility, or that virtue is defined and enforced by its tendency to promote the highest happiness of the universe. J. S. Mill.
3. The doctrine that utility is the sole standard of morality, so that the rectitude of an action is determined by its usefulness.
UTILITY U*til"i*ty, n. Etym: [OE. utilite, F. utilité, L. utilitas, fr. utilis useful. See Utile.]
1. The quality or state of being useful; usefulness; production of good; profitableness to some valuable end; as, the utility of manure upon land; the utility of the sciences; the utility of medicines. The utility of the enterprises was, however, so great and obvious that all opposition proved useless. Macaulay.
2. (Polit. Econ.)
Defn: Adaptation to satisfy the desires or wants; intrinsic value. See Note under Value, 2. Value in use is utility, and nothing else, and in political economy should be called by that name and no other. F. A. Walker.
3. Happiness; the greatest good, or happiness, of the greatest number, -- the foundation of utilitarianism. J. S. Mill.
Syn. -- Usefulness; advantageous; benefit; profit; avail; service. -- Utility, Usefulness. Usefulness has an Anglo-Saxon prefix, utility is Latin; and hence the former is used chiefly of things in the concrete, while the latter is employed more in a general and abstract sense. Thus, we speak of the utility of an invention, and the usefulness of the thing invented; of the utility of an institution, and the usefulness of an individual. So beauty and utility (not usefulness) are brought into comparison. Still, the words are often used interchangeably.
UTILIZABLE U"til*i`za*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being utilized; as, the utilizable products of the gas works.
UTILIZATION U`til*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. utilization.]
Defn: The act of utilizing, or the state of being utilized.
UTILIZE U"til*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Utilized; p. pr. & vb. n. Utilizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. utiliser.]
Defn: To make useful; to turn to profitable account or use; to make use of; as, to utilize the whole power of a machine; to utilize one's opportunities. In former ages, the mile-long corridors, with their numerous alcoves, might have been utilized as . . . dungeons. Hawthorne.
UTI POSSIDETIS U`ti pos`si*de"tis. Etym: [L., as you possess.]
1. (Internat. Law)
Defn: The basis or principle of a treaty which leaves belligerents mutually in possession of what they have acquired by their arms during the war. Brande & C.
2. (Roman Law)
Defn: A species of interdict granted to one who was in possession of an immovable thing, in order that he might be declared the legal possessor. Burrill.
UTIS U"tis, n.
Defn: See Utas. [Obs.]
UTLARY Ut"la*ry, n.
Defn: Outlawry. [Obs.] Camden.
UTMOST Ut"most`, a. Etym: [OE. utmeste, utemest, AS. , a superlative fr. out. Out, and cf. Aftermost, Outmost, Uttermost.]
1. Situated at the farthest point or extremity; farthest out; most distant; extreme; as, the utmost limits of the land; the utmost extent of human knowledge. Spenser. We coasted within two leagues of Antibes, which is the utmost town in France. Evelyn. Betwixt two thieves I spend my utmost breath. Herbert.
2. Being in the greatest or highest degree, quantity, number, or the like; greatest; as, the utmost assiduity; the utmost harmony; the utmost misery or happiness. He shall answer . . . to his utmost peril. Shak. Six or seven thousand is their utmost power. Shak.
UTMOST Ut"most`, n.
Defn: The most that can be; the farthest limit; the greatest power, degree, or effort; as, he has done his utmost; try your utmost. We have tried the utmost of our friends. Shak.
UTOPIA U*to"pi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. not +
1. An imaginary island, represented by Sir Thomas More, in a work called Utopia, as enjoying the greatest perfection in politics, laws, and the like. See Utopia, in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.
2. Hence, any place or state of ideal perfection.
UTOPIAN U*to"pi*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Utopia; resembling Utopia; hence, ideal; chimerical; fanciful; founded upon, or involving, imaginary perfections; as, Utopian projects; Utopian happiness.
UTOPIAN U*to"pi*an, n.
Defn: An inhabitant of Utopia; hence, one who believes in the perfectibility of human society; a visionary; an idealist; an optimist. Hooker.
UTOPIANISM U*to"pi*an*ism, n.
Defn: The ideas, views, aims, etc., of a Utopian; impracticable schemes of human perfection; optimism.
UTOPIANIST U*to"pi*an*ist, n.
Defn: An Utopian; an optimist.
UTOPICAL U*to"pic*al, a.
Defn: Utopian; ideal. [Obs.] "Utopical perfection." Bp. Hall.
UTOPIST U*to"pist, n.
Defn: A Utopian.
UTRAQUIST U"tra*quist, n. Etym: [L. uterque, fem. utraque, both.]
Defn: One who receives the eucharist in both kinds; esp., one of a body of Hussites who in the 15th century fought for the right to do this. Called also Calixtines.
UTRICLE U"tri*cle, n. Etym: [L. utriculus a little womb, a calycle, dim. of uter, utris, a bag or bottle made of an animal's hide: cf. F. utricule.]
1. A little sac or vesicle, as the air cell of fucus, or seaweed.
2. (Physiol.)
Defn: A microscopic cell in the structure of an egg, animal, or plant.
3. (Bot.)
Defn: A small, thin-walled, one-seeded fruit, as of goosefoot. Gray.
4. (Anat.)
Defn: A utriculus.
UTRICULAR U*tric"u*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. utriculaire.]
1. Of or pertaining to a utricle, or utriculus; containing, or furnished with, a utricle or utricles; utriculate; as, a utricular plant.
2. Resembling a utricle or bag, whether large or minute; -- said especially with reference to the condition of certain substances, as sulphur, selenium, etc., when condensed from the vaporous state and deposited upon cold bodies, in which case they assume the form of small globules filled with liquid.
UTRICULARIA U*tric`u*la"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of aquatic flowering plants, in which the submersed leaves bear many little utricles, or ascidia. See Ascidium,
UTRICULATE U*tric"u*late, a.
Defn: Resembling a bladder; swollen like a bladder; inflated; utricular. Dana.
UTRICULOID U*tric"u*loid, a. Etym: [L. utriculus a little womb, a calycle + - oid.]
Defn: Resembling a bladder; utricular; utriculate. Dana.
UTRICULUS U*tric"u*lus, n. Etym: [L., a little womb or matrix, a calycle.] (Anat.)
Defn: A little sac, or bag; a utricle; especially, a part of the membranous labyrinth of the ear. See the Note under Ear.
UTRO; UTRO-; UTERO U"tro, U"ter`o.
Defn: - (connection with, or relation to, the uterus; as in utro- ovarian.
UTTER Ut"ter, a. Etym: [OE. utter, originally the same word as outer. See Out, and cf. Outer, Utmost.]
1. Outer. "Thine utter eyen." Chaucer. [Obs.] "By him a shirt and utter mantle laid." Chapman. As doth an hidden moth The inner garment fret, not th' utter touch. Spenser.
2. Situated on the outside, or extreme limit; remote from the center; outer. [Obs.] Through utter and through middle darkness borne. Milton. The very utter part pf Saint Adelmes point is five miles from Sandwich. Holinshed.
3. Complete; perfect; total; entire; absolute; as, utter ruin; utter darkness. They . . . are utter strangers to all those anxious thoughts which disquiet mankind. Atterbury.
4. Peremptory; unconditional; unqualified; final; as, an utter refusal or denial. Clarendon. Utter bar (Law), the whole body of junior barristers. See Outer bar, under 1st Outer. [Eng.] -- Utter barrister (Law), one recently admitted as barrister, who is accustomed to plead without, or outside, the bar, as distinguished from the benchers, who are sometimes permitted to plead within the bar. [Eng.] Cowell.
UTTER Ut"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Uttered; p. pr. & vb. n. Uttering.] Etym: [OE. outren, freq. of outen to utter, put out, AS. utian to put out, eject, fr. ut out. sq. root198. See Out, and cf. Utter, a.]
1. To put forth or out; to reach out. [Obs.] How bragly [proudly] it begins to bud, And utter his tender head. Spenser.
2. To dispose of in trade; to sell or vend. [Obs.] Such mortal drugs I have, but Mantua's law Is death to any he that utters them. Shak. They bring it home, and utter it commonly by the name of Newfoundland fish. Abp. Abbot.
3. hence, to put in circulation, as money; to put off, as currency; to cause to pass in trade; -- often used, specifically, of the issue of counterfeit notes or coins, forged or fraudulent documents, and the like; as, to utter coin or bank notes. The whole kingdom should continue in a firm resolution never to receive or utter this fatal coin. Swift.
4. To give public expression to; to disclose; to publish; to speak; to pronounce. "Sweet as from blest, uttering joy." Milton. The words I utter Let none think flattery, for they 'll find 'em truth. Shak. And the last words he uttered called me cruel. Addison.
Syn. -- To deliver; give forth; issue; liberate; discharge; pronounce. See Deliver.
UTTERABLE Ut"ter*a*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being uttered.
UTTERANCE Ut"ter*ance, n.
1. The act of uttering. Specifically: -- (a) Sale by offering to the public. [Obs.] Bacon. (b) Putting in circulation; as, the utterance of false coin, or of forged notes. (c) Vocal expression; articulation; speech. At length gave utterance to these words. Milton.
2. Power or style of speaking; as, a good utterance. They . . . began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. Acts ii. 4. O, how unlike To that large utterance of the early gods! Keats.
UTTERANCE Ut"ter*ance, n. Etym: [F. outrance. See Outrance.]
Defn: The last extremity; the end; death; outrance. [Obs.] Annibal forced those captives whom he had taken of our men to skirmish one against another to the utterance. Holland.
UTTERER Ut"ter*er, n.
Defn: One who utters. Spenser.
UTTEREST Ut"ter*est, obs. superl. of Utter.
Defn: Uttermost. To the utterest proof of her courage. Chaucer.
UTTERLESS Ut"ter*less, a.
Defn: Incapable of being uttered. [Obs.] A clamoring debate of utterless things. Milton.
UTTERLY Ut"ter*ly, adv.
Defn: In an utter manner; to the full extent; fully; totally; as, utterly ruined; it is utterly vain.
UTTERMORE Ut"ter*more`, a. Etym: [Cf. Uttermost.]
Defn: Further; outer; utter. [Obs. & R.] Holland.
UTTERMOST Ut"ter*most, a. Etym: [From Utter, a.; cf. Utmost, and Outermost.]
Defn: Extreme; utmost; being; in the farthest, greatest, or highest degree; as, the uttermost extent or end. "In this uttermost distress." Milton.
UTTERMOST Ut"ter*most`, n.
Defn: The utmost; the highest or greatest degree; the farthest extent. Tennyson. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him. Heb. vii. 25. He cannot have sufficient honor done unto him; but the uttermost we can do, we must. Hooker.
UTTERNESS Ut"ter*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being utter, or extreme; extremity; utmost; uttermost. [R.]
UVA U"va, n. Etym: [L., a grape.] (Bot.)
Defn: A small pulpy or juicy fruit containing several seeds and having a thin skin, as a grape.
UVATE U"vate, n. Etym: [L. uva grape.]
Defn: A conserve made of grapes.
UVA-URSI U`va-ur"si, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. uva grape + ursus bear.] (Bot.)
Defn: The bearberry.
UVEA U"ve*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. uva grape.] (Anat.)
Defn: The posterior pigmented layer of the iris; -- sometimes applied to the whole iris together with the choroid coat.
UVEOUS U"ve*ous, a. Etym: [See Uvea.]
Defn: Resembling a grape.
UVIC U"vic, a. Etym: [L. uva grape.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, grapes; specifically, designating an organic acid, C7H8O3 (also called pyrotritartaric acid), obtained as a white crystalline substance by the decomposition of tartaric and pyrotartaric acids.
UVITIC U*vit"ic, a. Etym: [From L. uva a grape. So called because it may be produced indirectly from tartaric acid, which is found in the grape.] (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid, CH3C6H3(CO2H)2, obtained as a white crystalline substance by the partial oxidation of mesitylene; -- called also mesitic acid.
UVITONIC U`vi*ton"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid which is obtained as a white crystalline substance by the action of ammonia on pyrotartaric acid.
UVROU U"vrou, n.
Defn: See Euphroe.
UVULA U"vu*la, n. Etym: [NL., dim of L. uva a grape, the uvula.] (Anat.)
Defn: The pendent fleshy lobe in the middle of the posterior border of the soft palate.
Note: The term is also applied to a somewhat similar lobe on the under side of the cerebellum and to another on the inner surface of the neck of the bladder.
UVULAR U"vu*lar, a. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to a uvula.
UVULATOME U"vu*la*tome, n. Etym: [Uvula + Gr. (Surg.)
Defn: An instrument for removing the uvula.
UVULATOMY U`vu*lat"o*my, n. (Surg.)
Defn: The operation of removing the uvula.
UVULITIS U`vu*li"tis, n. [NL. See Uvula, and -itis.] (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of the uvula.
UWAROWITE U*wa"ro*wite, n. (Min.)
Defn: Ouvarovite.
UXORIAL Ux*o"ri*al, a. Etym: [See Uxorious.]
Defn: Dotingly fond of, or servilely submissive to, a wife; uxorious; also, becoming a wife; pertaining to a wife. [R.] The speech [of Zipporah, Ex. iv. 25] is not a speech of reproach or indignation, but of uxorial endearment. Geddes.
UXORICIDAL Ux*or"i*ci`dal, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to uxoricide; tending to uxoricide.
UXORICIDE Ux*or"i*cide, n. Etym: [L. uxor wife + caedere to kill.]
1. The murder of a wife by her husband.
2. One who murders his wife.
UXORIOUS Ux*o"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. uxorius, fr. uxor a wife.]
Defn: Excessively fond of, or submissive to, a wife; being a dependent husband. "Uxorious magistrates." Milton. How wouldst thou insult, When I must live uxorious to thy will In perfect thraldom! Milton. -- Uxo*o"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Ux*o"ri*ous*ness, n.
UZEMA U"ze*ma, n.
Defn: A Burman measure of twelve miles.
V
1. V, the twenty-second letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. V and U are only varieties of the same character, U being the cursive form, while V is better adapted for engraving, as in stone. The two letters were formerly used indiscriminately, and till a comparatively recent date words containing them were often classed together in dictionaries and other books of reference (see U). The letter V is from the Latin alphabet, where it was used both as a consonant (about like English w) and as a vowel. The Latin derives it from it from a form (V) of the Greek vowel UPSILON (see Y), this Greek letter being either from the same Semitic letter as the digamma F (see F), or else added by the Greeks to the alphabet which they took from the Semitic. Etymologically v is most nearly related to u, w, f, b, p; as in vine, wine; avoirdupois, habit, have; safe, save; trover, troubadour, trope. See U, F, etc. See Guide to Pronunciation, § 265; also §§ 155, 169, 178-179, etc.
2. As a numeral, V stands for five, in English and Latin.
VAAGMER Vaag"mer, n. Etym: [Icel. vagmeri a kind of flounder, literally, wave mare.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The dealfish. [Written also vaagmær, and vaagmar.]
VACANCY Va"can*cy, n.; pl. Vacancies. Etym: [Cf. F. vacance.]
1. The quality or state of being vacant; emptiness; hence, freedom from employment; intermission; leisure; idleness; listlessness. All dispositions to idleness or vacancy, even before they are habits, are dangerous. Sir H. Wotton.
2. That which is vacant. Specifically: -- (a) Empty space; vacuity; vacuum. How is't with you, That you do bend your eye on vacancy Shak.
(b) An open or unoccupied space between bodies or things; an interruption of continuity; chasm; gap; as, a vacancy between buildings; a vacancy between sentences or thoughts. (c) Unemployed time; interval of leisure; time of intermission; vacation. Time lost partly in too oft idle vacancies given both to schools and universities. Milton. No interim, not a minute's vacancy. Shak. Those little vacancies from toil are sweet. Dryden.
(d) A place or post unfilled; an unoccupied office; as, a vacancy in the senate, in a school, etc.
VACANT Va"cant, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. vacans, -antis, p. pr. of vacare to be empty, to be free or unoccupied, to have leisure, also vocare; akin to vacuus empty, and probably to E. void. Cf. Evacuate, Void, a.]
1. Deprived of contents; not filled; empty; as, a vacant room. Stuffs out his vacant garments with his form. Shak. Being of those virtues vacant. Shak. There is no fireside, howsoe'er defended, But has one vacant chair. Longfellow.
2. Unengaged with business or care; unemployed; unoccupied; disengaged; free; as, vacant hours. Religion is the interest of all; but philosophy of those . . . at leisure, and vacant from the affairs of the world. Dr. H. More. There was not a minute of the day which he left vacant. Bp. Fell.
3. Not filled or occupied by an incumbent, possessor, or officer; as, a vacant throne; a vacant parish. Special dignities which vacant lie For thy best use and wearing. Shak.
4. Empty of thought; thoughtless; not occupied with study or reflection; as, a vacant mind. The duke had a pleasant and vacant face. Sir H. Wotton. When on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood. Wordsworth.
5. (Law)
Defn: Abandoned; having no heir, possessor, claimant, or occupier; as, a vacant estate. Bouvier. Vacant succession (Law), one that is claimed by no person, or where all the heirs are unknown, or where all the known heirs to it have renounced it. Burrill.
Syn. -- Empty; void; devoid; free; unemployed; disengaged; unincumbered; uncrowded; idle. -- Vacant, Empty. A thing is empty when there is nothing in it; as, an empty room, or an empty noddle. Vacant adds the idea of having been previously filled, or intended to be filled or occupied; as, a vacant seat at table; a vacant office; vacant hours. When we speak of a vacant look or a vacant mind, we imply the absence of the intelligence naturally to be expected there.
VACANTLY Va"cant*ly, adv.
Defn: In a vacant manner; inanely.
VACATE Va"cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vacated; p. pr. & vb. n. Vacating.] Etym: [L. vacare, vacatum, to be empty. See Vacant.]
1. To make vacant; to leave empty; to cease from filling or occupying; as, it was resolved by Parliament that James had vacated the throne of England; the tenant vacated the house.
2. To annul; to make void; to deprive of force; to make of no authority or validity; as, to vacate a commission or a charter; to vacate proceedings in a cause. That after act vacating the authority of the precedent. Eikon Basilike. The necessity of observing the Jewish Sabbath was Vacated by the apostolical institution of the Lord's Day. R. Nelson.
3. To defeat; to put an end to. [R.] He vacates my revenge. Dryden.
VACATION Va*ca"tion, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. vacatio a being free from a duty, service, etc., fr. vacare. See Vacate.]
1. The act of vacating; a making void or of no force; as, the vacation of an office or a charter.
2. Intermission of a stated employment, procedure, or office; a period of intermission; rest; leisure. It was not in his nature, however, at least till years had chastened it, to take any vacation from controversy. Palfrey. Hence, specifically: -(a) (Law)
Defn: Intermission of judicial proceedings; the space of time between the end of one term and the beginning of the next; nonterm; recess. "With lawyers in the vacation." Shak. (b) The intermission of the regular studies and exercises of an educational institution between terms; holidays; as, the spring vacation. (c) The time when an office is vacant; esp. (Eccl.), the time when a see, or other spiritual dignity, is vacant.
VACATUR Va*ca"tur, n. [NL., it is made void, fr. L. vacare to be empty. See Vacant.] (Law)
Defn: An order of court by which a proceeding is set aside or annulled.
VACCARY Vac"ca*ry, n. Etym: [LL. vaccarium, from L. vacca cow. Cf. Vachery.]
Defn: A cow house, dairy house, or cow pasture. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Wright.
VACCINA Vac*ci"na, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)
Defn: Vaccinia.
VACCINAL Vac"ci*nal, a. (Med.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to vaccinia or vaccination.
VACCINATE Vac"ci*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vaccinated; p. pr. & vb. n. Vaccinating.] Etym: [See Vaccine.]
Defn: To inoculate with the cowpox by means of a virus, called vaccine, taken either directly or indirectly from cows.
VACCINATION Vac`ci*na"tion, n.
Defn: The act, art, or practice of vaccinating, or inoculating with the cowpox, in order to prevent or mitigate an attack of smallpox. Cf. Inoculation.
Note: In recent use, vaccination sometimes includes inoculation with any virus as a preventive measure; as, vaccination of cholera.
VACCINATOR Vac"ci*na`tor, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, vaccinates.
VACCINE Vac"cine, a. Etym: [L. vaccinus, fr. vacca a cow; cf. Skr. vac to bellow, to groan.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to cows; pertaining to, derived from, or caused by, vaccinia; as, vaccine virus; the vaccine disease. -- n.
Defn: The virus of vaccinia used in vaccination.
VACCINE POINT Vac"cine point`. (Med.)
Defn: See Point, n., 26.
VACCINIA Vac*cin"i*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Vaccine.] (Med.)
Defn: Cowpox; vaccina. See Cowpox.
VACCINIST Vac"ci*nist, n.
Defn: A vaccinator.
VACCINIUM Vac*cin"i*um, n. Etym: [L., the blueberry, or whortleberry.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of ericaceous shrubs including the various kinds of blueberries and the true cranberries.
VACHER Va`cher", n. Etym: [F., from vache a cow. Cf. Vaquero.]
Defn: A keeper of stock or cattle; a herdsman. [Southwestern U. S.] Bartlett.
VACHERY Vach"er*y, n. Etym: [F. vacherie, from vache a cow, L. vacca. Cf. Vaccary.]
1. An inclosure for cows.
2. A dairy. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Prompt. Parv.
VACHETTE CLASP Va`chette" clasp. [Cf. F. vachette cowhide leather used for ligatures.] (Veter.)
Defn: A piece of strong steel wire with the ends curved and pointed, used on toe or quarter cracks to bind the edges together and prevent motion. It is clasped into two notches, one on each side of the crack, burned into the wall with a cautery iron.
VACILLANCY Vac"il*lan*cy, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being vacillant, or wavering. [R.] Dr. H. More.
VACILLANT Vac"il*lant, a. Etym: [L. vacillans, p. pr. of vacillare: cf. F. vacillant. See Vacillate.]
Defn: Vacillating; wavering; fluctuating; irresolute.
VACILLATE Vac"il*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vacillated; p. pr. & vb. n. Vacillating.] Etym: [L. vacillare, vacillatum; cf. Skr. vañc.]
1. To move one way and the other; to reel or stagger; to waver. [A spheroid] is always liable to shift and vacillatefrom one axis to another. Paley.
2. To fluctuate in mind or opinion; to be unsteady or inconstant; to waver.
Syn. -- See Fluctuate.
VACILLATING Vac"il*la`ting, a.
Defn: Inclined to fluctuate; wavering. Tennyson. -- Vac"il*la`ting*ly, adv.
VACILLATION Vac`il*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. vacillatio: cf. F. vacillation.]
1. The act of vacillating; a moving one way and the other; a wavering. His vacillations, or an alternation of knowledge and doubt. Jer. Taylor.
VACILLATORY Vac"il*la*to*ry, a.
Defn: Inclined to vacillate; wavering; irresolute. Hawthorne.
VACUATE Vac"u*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. vacuatus, p. p. of vacuare to empty, from vacuus empty. See Vacant.]
Defn: To make void, or empty. [R.]
VACUATION Vac`u*a"tion, n.
Defn: The act of emptying; evacuation. [R.]
VACUIST Vac"u*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vacuiste.]
Defn: One who holds the doctrine that the space between the bodies of the universe, or the molecules and atoms of matter., is a vacuum; -- opposed to plenist.
VACUITY Va*cu"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. vacuitas. See Vacuous.]
1. The quality or state of being vacuous, or not filled; emptiness; vacancy; as, vacuity of mind; vacuity of countenance. Hunger is such a state of vacuity as to require a fresh supply of aliment. Arbuthnot.
2. Space unfilled or unoccupied, or occupied with an invisible fluid only; emptiness; void; vacuum. A vacuity is interspersed among the particles of matter. Bentley. God . . . alone can answer all our longings and fill every vacuity of our soul. Rogers.
3. Want of reality; inanity; nihility. [R.] Their expectations will meet with vacuity. Glanvill.
VACUNA Va*cu"na, n. Etym: [L. vacuus unoccupied.] (Rom. Myth.)
Defn: The goddess of rural leisure, to whom the husbandmen sacrificed at the close of the harvest. She was especially honored by the Sabines.
VACUOLATED Vac"u*o*la`ted, a. (Biol.)
Defn: Full of vacuoles, or small air cavities; as, vacuolated cells.
VACUOLATION Vac"u*o*la"tion, n. (Biol.)
Defn: Formation into, or multiplication of, vacuoles.
VACUOLE Vac"u*ole, n. Etym: [L. vacuus empty: cf. F. vacuole.] (Biol.)
Defn: A small air cell, or globular space, in the interior of organic cells, either containing air, or a pellucid watery liquid, or some special chemical secretions of the cell protoplasm. Contractile vacuole. (Zoöl.) See under Contractile, and see Illusts. of Infusoria, and Lobosa. -- Food vacuole. (Zoöl.) See under Food, and see Illust. of Infusoria.
VACUOMETER Vac`u*om"e*ter, n. [Vacuum + -meter.] (Physics) (a) An instrument for the comparison of barometers. (b) An apparatus for the measurement of low pressures.
VACUOUS Vac"u*ous, a. Etym: [L. vacuus. See Vacant.]
Defn: Empty; unfilled; void; vacant. Boundless the deep, because I am who fill Infinitude; nor vacuous the space. Milton. That the few may lead selfish and vacuous days. J. Morley.
VACUOUSNESS Vac"u*ous*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being vacuous; emptiness; vacuity. W. Montagu.
VACUUM Vac"u*um, n.; pl. E. Vacuums, L. Vacua. Etym: [L., fr. vacuus empty. See Vacuous.]
1. (Physics)
Defn: A space entirely devoid of matter (called also, by way of distinction, absolute vacuum); hence, in a more general sense, a space, as the interior of a closed vessel, which has been exhausted to a high or the highest degree by an air pump or other artificial means; as, water boils at a reduced temperature in a vacuum.
2. The condition of rarefaction, or reduction of pressure below that of the atmosphere, in a vessel, as the condenser of a steam engine, which is nearly exhausted of air or steam, etc.; as, a vacuum of 26 inches of mercury, or 13 pounds per square inch. Vacuum brake, a kind of continuous brake operated by exhausting the air from some appliance under each car, and so causing the pressure of the atmosphere to apply the brakes. -- Vacuum pan (Technol.), a kind of large closed metallic retort used in sugar making for boiling down sirup. It is so connected with an exhausting apparatus that a partial vacuum is formed within. This allows the evaporation and concentration to take place at a lower atmospheric pressure and hence also at a lower temperature, which largely obviates the danger of burning the sugar, and shortens the process. -- Vacuum pump. Same as Pulsometer, 1. -- Vacuum tube (Phys.), a glass tube provided with platinum electrodes and exhausted, for the passage of the electrical discharge; a Geissler tube. -- Vacuum valve, a safety valve opening inward to admit air to a vessel in which the pressure is less than that of the atmosphere, in order to prevent collapse. -- Torricellian vacuum. See under Torricellian.
VACUUM CLEANER Vac"u*um clean"er.
Defn: A machine for cleaning carpets, tapestry, upholstered work, etc., by suction.
VADANTES Va*dan"tes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from L. vadans, p. pr. of vadare to wade, to ford.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An extensive artificial group of birds including the wading, swimming, and cursorial birds.
VADE Vade, v. i. Etym: [For fade.]
Defn: To fade; hence, to vanish. [Obs.] " Summer leaves all vaded." Shak. They into dust shall vade. Spenser.
VADE MECUM Va`de me"cum. Etym: [L., go with me.]
Defn: A book or other thing that a person carries with him as a constant companion; a manual; a handbook.
VADIMONY Vad"i*mo*ny, n. Etym: [L. vadimonium.] (Law)
Defn: A bond or pledge for appearance before a judge on a certain day. [Obs.]
VADIUM Va"di*um, n. Etym: [LL., from L. vas, vadis, bail.] (Law)
Defn: Pledge; security; bail. See Mortgage. Vadium vivum Etym: [LL.] (Law), a living pledge, which exists where an estate is granted until a debt is paid out of its proceeds.
VAE Vae, n.
Defn: See Voe. [Scot.]
VAFROUS Va"frous, a. Etym: [L. vafer.]
Defn: Crafty; cunning; sly; as, vafrous tricks. [Obs.] Feltham.
VAGABOND Vag"a*bond, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. vagabundus, from vagari to stroll about, from vagus strolling. See Vague.]
1. Moving from place to place without a settled habitation; wandering. "Vagabond exile." Shak.
2. Floating about without any certain direction; driven to and fro. To heaven their prayers Flew up, nor missed the way, by envious winds Blown vagabond or frustrate. Milton.
3. Being a vagabond; strolling and idle or vicious.
VAGABOND Vag"a*bond, n.
Defn: One who wanders from place to place, having no fixed dwelling, or not abiding in it, and usually without the means of honest livelihood; a vagrant; a tramp; hence, a worthless person; a rascal. A fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be. Gen. iv. 12.
Note: In English and American law, vagabond is used in bad sense, denoting one who is without a home; a strolling, idle, worthless person. Vagabonds are described in old English statutes as "such as wake on the night and sleep on the day, and haunt customable taverns and alehouses, and routs about; and no man wot from whence they came, nor whither they go." In American law, the term vagrant is employed in the same sense. Cf Rogue, n., 1. Burrill. Bouvier.
VAGABOND Vag"a*bond, v. i.
Defn: To play the vagabond; to wander like a vagabond; to stroll. On every part my vagabonding sight Did cast, and drown mine eyes in sweet delight. Drummond.
VAGABONDAGE Vag"a*bond`age, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vagabondage.]
Defn: The condition of a vagabond; a state or habit of wandering about in idleness; vagrancy.
VAGABONDISM Vag"a*bond`ism, n.
Defn: Vagabondage.
VAGABONDIZE Vag"a*bond`ize, v. i.
Defn: To play the vagabond; to wander about in idleness.
VAGABONDRY Vag"a*bond`ry, n.
Defn: Vagabondage.
VAGAL Va"gal, a. Etym: [See Vagus.] (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the vagus, or pneumogastric nerves; pneumogastric.
VAGANCY Va"gan*cy, n. Etym: [From L. vagans, p. pr. See Vagantes.]
Defn: A wandering; vagrancy. [Obs.] A thousand vagancies of glory and desight. Milton.
VAGANTES Va*gan"tes, p. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. vagans, p. pr. of vagari to stroll or wander.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A tribe of spiders, comprising some of those which take their prey in a web, but which also frequently run with agility, and chase and seize their prey.
VAGARIOUS Va*ga"ri*ous, a.
Defn: Given to, or characterized by, vagaries; capricious; whimsical; crochety.
VAGARY Va*ga"ry, n.; pl. Vagaries. Etym: [L. vagari to stroll about. See Vague.]
1. A wandering or strolling. [Obs.]
2. Hence, a wandering of the thoughts; a wild or fanciful freak; a whim; a whimsical purpose. "The vagaries of a child." Spectator. They changed their minds, Flew off, and into strange vagaries fell. Milton.
VAGIENT Va"gi*ent, a. Etym: [L. vagiens, p. pr. of vagire to cry like a young child.]
Defn: Crying like a child. [Obs.]
VAGINA Va*gi"na, n.; pl. Vaginæ. Etym: [L. vagina a scabbard or sheath.]
1. (Anat.) (a) A sheath; a theca; as, the vagina of the portal vein. (b) Specifically, the canal which leads from the uterus to the external orifice if the genital canal, or to the cloaca.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The terminal part of the oviduct in insects and various other invertebrates. See Illust., of Spermatheca.
3. (Bot.)
Defn: The basal expansion of certain leaves, which inwraps the stem; a sheath.
4. (Arch.)
Defn: The shaft of a terminus, from which the bust of figure seems to issue or arise.
VAGINAL Vag"i*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. vaginal.]
1. Of or pertaining to a vagina; resembling a vagina, or sheath; thecal; as, a vaginal synovial membrane; the vaginal process of the temporal bone.
2. (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the vagina of the genital canal; as, the vaginal artery.
VAGINANT Vag"i*nant, a. Etym: [Cf. F. vaginant. See Vagina.]
Defn: Serving to in invest, or sheathe; sheathing. Vaginant leaf (Bot.), a leaf investing the stem or branch by its base, which has the form of a tube.
VAGINATE; VAGINATED Vag"i*nate, Vag"i*na`ted, a. Etym: [See Vagina.]
Defn: Invested with, or as if with, a sheath; as, a vaginate stem, or one invested by the tubular base of a leaf.
VAGINATI Vag`i*na"ti, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A tribe of birds comprising the sheathbills.
VAGINERVOSE Vag`i*ner*vose", a. Etym: [L. vagus wandering + E. nervose.] (Bot.)
Defn: Having the nerves, or veins, placed in apparent disorder.
VAGINICOLA Vag`i*nic"o*la, n. Etym: [NL., from L. vagina sheath + colere to in habit.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of Infusoria which form minute vaselike or tubular cases in which they dwell.
VAGINISMUS Vag`i*nis"mus, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)
Defn: A painful spasmodic contraction of the vagina, often rendering copulation impossible.
VAGINITIS Vag`i*ni"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Vagina, and -itis.] (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of the vagina, or the genital canal, usually of its mucous living membrane.
VAGINOPENNOUS Vag`i*no*pen"nous, a. Etym: [L. vagina a sheath + penna a feather, pl. pennae a wing.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having elytra; sheath-winged. [R.]
VAGINULA Va*gin"u*la, n. Etym: [L., dim. of vagina sheath.] (Bot.) (a) A little sheath, as that about the base of the pedicel of most mosses. (b) One of the tubular florets in composite flowers. Henslow.
VAGINULE Vag"i*nule, n. (Bot.)
Defn: A vaginula.
VAGISSATE Vag"is*sate, v. i. Etym: [L. vagari to stroll or wander.]
Defn: To caper or frolic. [Obs.]
VAGOUS Va"gous, a. Etym: [L. vagus. See Vague.]
Defn: Wandering; unsettled. [Obs.] Ayliffe.
VAGRANCY Va"gran*cy, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being a vagrant; a wandering without a settled home; an unsettled condition; vagabondism. Threatened away into banishment and vagrancy. Barrow.
VAGRANT Va"grant, a. Etym: [Probably fr. OF. waucrant, wacrant, p. p. of waucrer, wacrer, walcrer, to wander (probably of Teutonic origin), but influenced by F. vagant, p. pr. of vaguer to stray, L. vagari. Cf. Vagary.]
1. Moving without certain direction; wandering; erratic; unsettled. That beauteous Emma vagrant courses took. Prior. While leading this vagrant and miserable life, Johnson fell in live. Macaulay.
2. Wandering from place to place without any settled habitation; as, a vagrant beggar.
VAGRANT Va"grant, n.
Defn: One who strolls from place to place; one who has no settled habitation; an idle wanderer; a sturdy beggar; an incorrigible rogue; a vagabond. Vagrants and outlaws shall offend thy view. Prior.
VAGRANTLY Va"grant*ly, adv.
Defn: In a vagrant manner.
VAGRANTNESS Va"grant*ness, n.
Defn: State of being vagrant; vagrancy.
VAGUE Vague, a. [Compar. Vaguer; superl. Vaguest.] Etym: [F. vague, or L. vagus. See Vague, v. i.]
1. Wandering; vagrant; vagabond. [Archaic] "To set upon the vague villains." Hayward. She danced along with vague, regardless eyes. Keats.
2. Unsettled; unfixed; undetermined; indefinite; ambiguous; as, a vague idea; a vague proposition. This faith is neither a mere fantasy of future glory, nor a vague ebullition of feeling. I. Taylor. The poet turned away, and gave himself up to a sort of vague revery, which he called thought. Hawthorne.
3. Proceeding from no known authority; unauthenticated; uncertain; flying; as, a vague report. Some legend strange and value. Longfellow. Vague year. See Sothiac year, under Sothiac.
Syn. -- Unsettled; indefinite; unfixed; ill-defined; ambiguous; hazy; loose; lax; uncertain.
VAGUE Vague, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vague.]
Defn: An indefinite expanse. [R.] The gray vague of unsympathizing sea. Lowell.
VAGUE Vague, v. i. Etym: [F. vaguer, L. vagari, fr. vagus roaming.]
Defn: To wander; to roam; to stray. [Obs.] "[The soul] doth vague and wander." Holland.
VAGUE Vague, n.
Defn: A wandering; a vagary. [Obs.] Holinshed.
VAGUELY Vague"ly, adv.
Defn: In a vague manner. What he vaguely hinted at, but dared not speak. Hawthorne.
VAGUENESS Vague"ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being vague.
VAGUS Va"gus, a. Etym: [L., wandering.] (Anat.)
Defn: Wandering; -- applied especially to the pneumogastric nerve. -- n.
Defn: The vagus, ore pneumogastric, nerve.
VAIL Vail, n. & v. t.
Defn: Same as Veil.
VAIL Vail, n. Etym: [Aphetic form of avail, n.]
1. Avails; profit; return; proceeds. [Obs.] My house is as were the cave where the young outlaw hoards the stolen vails of his occupation. Chapman.
2. An unexpected gain or acquisition; a casual advantage or benefit; a windfall. [Obs.]
3. Money given to servants by visitors; a gratuity; -- usually in the plural. [Written also vale.] Dryden.
VAIL Vail, v. t. Etym: [Aphetic form of avale. See Avale, Vale.] [Written also vale, and veil.]
1. To let fail; to allow or cause to sink. [Obs.] Vail your regard Upon a wronged, I would fain have said, a maid! Shak.
2. To lower, or take off, in token of inferiority, reverence, submission, or the like. France must vail her lofty-plumed crest! Shak. Without vailing his bonnet or testifying any reverence for the alleged sanctity of the relic. Sir. W. Scott.
VAIL Vail, v. i.
Defn: To yield or recede; to give place; to show respect by yielding, uncovering, or the like. [Written also vale, and veil.] [Obs.] Thy convenience must vail to thy neighbor's necessity. South.
VAIL Vail, n.
Defn: Submission; decline; descent. [Obs.]
VAILER Vail"er, n.
Defn: One who vails. [Obs.] Overbury.
VAIMURE Vai"mure, n.
Defn: An outer, or exterior. wall. See Vauntmure. [Obs.] Hakluyt.
VAIN Vain, a. [Compar. Vainer; superl. Vainest.] Etym: [F. vain, L. vanus empty, void, vain. Cf. Vanish, Vanity, Vaunt to boast.]
1. Having no real substance, value, or importance; empty; void; worthless; unsatisfying. "Thy vain excuse." Shak. Every man walketh in a vain show. Ps. xxxix. 6. Let no man deceive you with vain words. Eph. v. 6. Vain pomp, and glory of this world, I hate ye! Shak. Vain visdom all, and false philosophy. Milton.
2. Destitute of forge or efficacy; effecting no purpose; fruitless; ineffectual; as, vain toil; a vain attempt. Bring no more vain oblations. Isa. i. 13. Vain is the force of man To crush the pillars which the pile sustain. Dryden.
3. Proud of petty things, or of trifling attainments; having a high opinion of one's own accomplishments with slight reason; conceited; puffed up; inflated. But wilt thou know, O vain man, that faith apart from works is barren James ii. 20 (Rev. Ver.). The minstrels played on every side, Vain of their art. Dryden.
4. Showy; ostentatious. Load some vain church with old theatric state. Pope.
Syn. -- Empty; worthless; fruitless; ineffectual; idle; unreal; shadowy; showy; ostentatious; light; inconstant; deceitful; delusive; unimportant; trifling.
VAIN Vain, n.
Defn: Vanity; emptiness; -- now used only in the phrase in vain. For vain. See In vain. [Obs.] Shak. -- In vain, to no purpose; without effect; ineffectually. " In vain doth valor bleed." Milton. " In vain they do worship me." Matt. xv. 9. -- To take the name of God in vain, to use the name of God with levity or profaneness.
VAINGLORIOUS Vain`glo"ri*ous, a.
Defn: Feeling or indicating vainglory; elated by vanity; boastful. "Arrogant and vainglorious expression." Sir M. Hale. -- Vain`glo"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Vain`glo"ri*ous*ness, n.
VAINGLORY Vain`glo"ry, n. Etym: [Vain + glory.]
Defn: Excessive vanity excited by one's own performances; empty pride; undue elation of mind; vain show; boastfulness. He had nothing of vainglory. Bacon. The man's undone forever; for if Hector break not his neck i' the combat, he'll break't himself in vainglory. Shak.
VAINLY Vain"ly, adv.
Defn: In a vain manner; in vain.
VAINNESS Vain"ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being vain.
VAIR Vair, n. Etym: [F. vair, from OF. vair, a., L. varius various, variegated. See Various, and cf. Menivel.]
Defn: The skin of the squirrel, much used in the fourteenth century as fur for garments, and frequently mentioned by writers of that period in describing the costly dresses of kings, nobles, and prelates. It is represented in heraldry by a series of small shields placed close together, and alternately white and blue. Fairholt. No vair or ermine decked his garment. Sir W. Scott. Counter vair (Her.), a fur resembling vair, except in the arrangement of the patches or figures.
VAIRY Vair"y, a. Etym: [F. vairé. See Vair, n.] (Her.)
Defn: Charged with vair; variegated with shield-shaped figures. See Vair.
VAISHNAVA Vaish"na*va (vish"na*va), n. Etym: [Skr. vaishnsava.] (Hindoo Myth.)
Defn: A worshiper of the god Vishnu in any of his incarnations.
VAISHNAVISM Vaish"na*vism, n.
Defn: The worship of Vishnu.
VAISYA Vais"ya, n. Etym: [Skr. vaiçya.]
Defn: The third of the four great original castes among the Hindoos, now either extinct or partially represented by the mercantile class of Banyas. See the Note under Caste, 1.
VAIVODE Vai"vode, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vayvode. See Waywode.]
Defn: See Waywode.
VAKEEL Va*keel", n. Etym: [Ar. wakil.]
Defn: A native attorney or agent; also, an ambassador. [India]
VALANCE Val"ance, n. Etym: [Perhaps fr. OF. avalant descending, hanging down, p. pr. of avaler to go down, let down, descent (cf. Avalanche); but probably from the town of Valence in France.]
1. Hanging drapery for a bed, couch, window, or the like, especially that which hangs around a bedstead, from the bed to the floor. [Written also valence.] Valance of Venice gold in needlework. Shak.
2. The drooping edging of the lid of a trunk. which covers the joint when the lid is closed.
VALANCE Val"ance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Valanced; p. pr. & vb. n. Valancing.]
Defn: To furnish with a valance; to decorate with hangings or drapery. His old fringed chair valanced around with party-colored worsted bobs. Sterne.
VALE Vale, n. Etym: [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]
Defn: A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. " Make me a cottage in the vale." Tennyson. Beyond this vale of tears there is a life above. Montgomery. In those fair vales, by nature formed to please. Harte.
Note: Vale is more commonly used in poetry, and valley in prose and common discourse.
Syn. -- Valley; dingle; dell; dale.
VALE Vale, n.
Defn: See 2d Vail, 3.
VALEDICTION Val`e*dic"tion, n. Etym: [L., valedicere, valedictum, to say farewell; vale farewell (imperative of valere to be strong or well) + dicere to say. See Valiant, Diction.]
Defn: A farewell; a bidding farewell. Donne.
VALEDICTORIAN Val`e*dic*to"ri*an, n.
Defn: One who pronounces a valedictory address; especially, in American colleges, the student who pronounces the valedictory of the graduating class at the annual commencement, usually the student who ranks first in scholarship.
VALEDICTORY Val`e*dic"to*ry, a.
Defn: Bidding farewell; suitable or designed for an occasion of leave-taking; as, a valedictory oration.
VALEDICTORY Val`e*dic"to*ry, n.; pl. Valedictories (.
Defn: A valedictory oration or address spoken at commencement in American colleges or seminaries by one of the graduating class, usually by the leading scholar.
VALENCE Va"lence, n. Etym: [From L. valens, -entis, p. pr. of valere to have power, to be strong. See Valiant.] (Chem.)
Defn: The degree of combining power of an atom (or radical) as shown by the number of atoms of hydrogen (or of other monads, as chlorine, sodium, etc.) with which it will combine, or for which it can be substituted, or with which it can be compared; thus, an atom of hydrogen is a monad, and has a valence of one; the atoms of oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon are respectively dyads, triads, and tetrads, and have a valence respectively of two, three, and four.
Note: The valence of certain elements varies in different compounds. Valence in degree may extend as high as seven or eight, as in the cases of iodine and osmium respectively. The doctrine of valence has been of fundamental importance in distinguishing the equivalence from the atomic weight, and is an essential factor in explaining the chemical structures of compounds.
VALENCIA Va*len"ci*a, n. Etym: [Perhaps fr. Valence in France.]
Defn: A kind of woven fabric for waistcoats, having the weft of wool and the warp of silk or cotton. [Written also valentia.]
VALENCIENNES LACE Va*len`ci*ennes" lace". Etym: [F.; -- so called after the town of Valenciennes.]
Defn: A rich kind of lace made at Valenciennes, in France. Each piece is made throughout, ground and pattern, by the same person and with the same thread, the pattern being worked in the net.
VALENCY Val"en*cy, n.; pl. Valencies (. (Chem.) (a) See Valence. (b) A unit of combining power; a so-called bond of affinity.
VALENTIA Va*len"ti*a, n.
Defn: See Valencia.
VALENTINE Val"en*tine, n.
1. A sweetheart chosen on St. Valentine's Day.
2. A letter containing professions of love, or a missive of a sentimental, comic, or burlesque character, sent on St. Valentine's Day. St. Valentine's Day, a day sacred to St. Valentine; the 14th of February. It was a very old notion, alluded to by Shakespeare, that on this day birds begin to mate. Hence, perhaps, arose the custom of sending love tokens at that time.
VALENTINIAN Val`en*tin"i*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
Defn: One of a school of Judaizing Gnostics in the second century; -- so called from Valentinus, the founder.
VALERAMIDE Val`er*am"ide, n. Etym: [Valeric + amide.] (Chem.)
Defn: The acid amide derivative of valeric acid, obtained as a white crystalline substance.
VALERATE Val"er*ate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of valeric acid.
VALERIAN Va*le"ri*an, n. Etym: [LL. valeriana, perhaps from some person named Valerius, or fr. L. valere to be strong. powerful, on account of its medicinal virtues: cf. F. valériane.] (Bot.)
Defn: Any plant of the genus Valeriana. The root of the officinal valerian (V. officinalis) has a strong smell, and is much used in medicine as an antispasmodic. Greek valerian (Bot.), a plant (Polemonium cæruleum) with blue or white flowers, and leaves resembling those of the officinal valerian.
VALERIANACEOUS Va*le`ri*an*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, plants of a natural order (Valerianaccæ) of which the valerian is the type. The order includes also the corn salads and the oriental spikenard.
VALERIANATE Va*le"ri*an*ate, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A valerate.
VALERIANIC Va*le`ri*an"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Performance to, or obtained from, valerian root; specifically, designating an acid which is usually called valeric acid.
VALERIC Va*ler"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Valerianic; specifically, designating any one of three metameric acids, of which the typical one (called also inactive valeric acid), C4H9CO2H, is obtained from valerian root and other sources, as a corrosive, mobile, oily liquid, having a strong acid taste, and an odor of old cheese. Active valeric acid, a metameric variety which turns the plane of polarization to the right, although formed by the oxidation of a levorotatory amyl alcohol.
VALERIDINE Va*ler"i*dine, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A base, C10H19N, produced by heating valeric aldehyde with ammonia. It is probably related to the conine alkaloids.
VALERIN Val"er*in, n. Etym: [Valeric + glycerin.] (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of valeric acid with glycerin, occurring in butter, dolphin oil., and forming an forming an oily liquid with a slightly unpleasant odor.
VALERITRINE Va*ler"i*trine, n. Etym: [Valeric + iropine + -ine.] (Chem.)
Defn: A base, C15H27N, produced together with valeridine, which it resembles.
VALERO- Val"er*o-. (Chem.)
Defn: A combining form (also used adjectively) indicating derivation from, or relation to, valerian or some of its products, as valeric acid; as in valerolactone, a colorless oily liquid produced as the anhydride of an hydroxy valeric acid.
VALERONE Val"er*one, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A ketone of valeric acid obtained as an oily liquid.
VALERYL Val"er*yl, n. Etym: [Valeric + -yl.] (Chem.)
Defn: The hypothetical radical C5H9O, regarded as the essential nucleus of certain valeric acid derivatives.
VALERYLENE Val`er*yl*ene, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A liquid hydrocarbon, C5H8; -- called also pentine.
VALET Val"et, n. Etym: [F. valet, OF. vallet, varlet, vaslet. See Varlet, and Vassal.]
1. A male waiting servant; a servant who attends on gentleman's person; a body servant.
2. (Man.)
Defn: A kind of goad or stick with a point of iron. Valet de chambre ( Etym: [F.], a body servant, or personal attendant.
VALETUDINARIAN Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. valetudinarius, from valetudo state of health, health, ill health, fr. valere to be strong or well: cf. F. valétudinaire. See Valiant.]
Defn: Of infirm health; seeking to recover health; sickly; weakly; infirm. My feeble health and valetudinarian stomach. Coleridge. The virtue which the world wants is a healthful virtue, not a valetudinarian virtue. Macaulay.
VALETUDINARIAN Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an, n.
Defn: A person of a weak or sickly constitution; one who is seeking to recover health. Valetudinarians must live where they can command and scold. Swift.
VALETUDINARIANISM Val`e*tu`di*na"ri*an*ism, n.
Defn: The condition of a valetudinarian; a state of feeble health; infirmity.
VALETUDINARY Val`e*tu"di*na*ry, a.
Defn: Infirm; sickly; valetudinarian. -- Val`e*tu"di*na*ri*ness, n. It renders the habit of society dangerously. Burke.
VALETUDINARY Val`e*tu"di*na*ry, n.
Defn: A valetudinarian.
VALETUDINOUS Val`e*tu"di*nous, a.
Defn: Valetudinarian. [Obs.] "The valetudinous condition of King Edward." Fuller.
VALHALLA Val*hal"la, n. Etym: [Icel. valhöll, literally, hall of the slain; valr the slain (akin to AS. wæl, OHG. wal battlefield, wuol defeat, slaughter, AS. wol pestilence) + höll a royal hall. See Hall, and cf. Walhalla.] [Written also walhalla.]
1. (Scand. Myth.)
Defn: The palace of immortality, inhabited by the souls of heroes slain in battle.
2. Fig.: A hall or temple adorned with statues and memorials of a nation's heroes; specifically, the Pantheon near Ratisbon, in Bavaria, consecrated to the illustrious dead of all Germany.
VALIANCE; VALIANCY Val"iance, Val"ian*cy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vaillance. See Valiant.]
Defn: The quality or state of being valiant; bravery; valor. [Obs.] "His doughty valiance." Spenser.
VALIANT Val"iant, a. Etym: [OE. valiant, F. vaillant, OF. vaillant, valant, originally p. pr. of OF. & F. valoir to be worth, L. valere to be strong. See Wield, and cf. Avail, Convalesce, Equivalent, Prevail, Valid.]
1. Vigorous in body; strong; powerful; as, a valiant fencer. [Obs.] Walton.
2. Intrepid in danger; courageous; brave. A valiant and most expert gentleman. Shak. And Saul said to David . . . be thou valiant for me, and fight the Lord's battles. 1 Sam. xviii. 17.
3. Performed with valor or bravery; heroic. "Thou bearest the highest name for valiant acts." Milton. [The saints] have made such valiant confessions. J. H. Newman. -- Val"iant*ly, adv. -- Val"iant*ness, n.
VALID Val"id, a. Etym: [F. valide, F. validus strong, from valere to be strong. See Valiant.]
1. Strong; powerful; efficient. [Obs.] "Perhaps more valid arms . . . may serve to better us." Milton.
2. Having sufficient strength or force; founded in truth; capable of being justified, defended, or supported; not weak or defective; sound; good; efficacious; as, a valid argument; a valid objection. An answer that is open to no valid exception. I. Taylor.
3. (Law)
Defn: Having legal strength or force; executed with the proper formalities; incapable of being rightfully overthrown or set aside; as, a valid deed; a valid covenant; a valid instrument of any kind; a valid claim or title; a valid marriage.
Syn. -- Prevalent; available; efficacious; just; good; weighty; sufficient; sound; well-grounded.
VALIDATE Val"i*date, v. t. Etym: [See Valid.]
Defn: To confirm; to render valid; to give legal force to. The chamber of deputies . . . refusing to validate at once the election of an official candidate. London Spectator.
VALIDATION Val`i*da"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. validation.]
Defn: The act of giving validity. [R.] Knowles.
VALIDITY Va*lid"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. validité, L. validitas strength.]
1. The quality or state of being valid; strength; force; especially, power to convince; justness; soundness; as, the validity of an argument or proof; the validity of an objection.
2. (Law)
Defn: Legal strength, force, or authority; that quality of a thing which renders it supportable in law, or equity; as, the validity of a will; the validity of a contract, claim, or title.
3. Value. [Obs.] "Rich validity." Shak.
VALIDLY Val"id*ly, adv.
Defn: In a valid manner; so as to be valid.
VALIDNESS Val"id*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being valid.
VALINCH Val"inch, n. Etym: [Cf. F. avaler to let down, drink up. Cf. Avalanche.]
Defn: A tube for drawing liquors from a cask by the bunghole. [Written also velinche.]
VALISE Va*lise", n. Etym: [F. valise; cf. It. valigia, Sp. balija, LL. valisia, valesia; of uncertain origin, perhaps through (assumed) LL. vidulitia, from L. vidulus a leathern trunk; a knapsack.]
Defn: A small sack or case, usually of leather, but sometimes of other material, for containing the clothes, toilet articles, etc., of a traveler; a traveling bag; a portmanteau.
VALKYRIA Val*kyr"i*a, n. Etym: [Icel. valkyrja (akin to AS. wælcyrie); valr the slain + kjosa to choose. See Valhalla, and Choose.] (Scand. Myth.)
Defn: One of the maidens of Odin, represented as awful and beautiful, who presided over battle and marked out those who were to be slain, and who also ministered at the feasts of heroes in Valhalla. [Written also Valkyr, and Walkyr.]
VALKYRIAN Val*kyr"i*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Valkyrias; hence, relating to battle. "Ourself have often tried Valkyrian hymns." Tennyson.
VALLANCY Val*lan"cy, n. Etym: [From Valance.]
Defn: A large wig that shades the face. [Obs.]
VALLAR Val"lar, a. Etym: [L.vallaris.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to a rampart. Vallar crown (Rom. Antiq.), a circular gold crown with palisades, bestowed upon the soldier who first surmounted the rampart and broke into the enemy's camp.
VALLAR Val"lar, n.
Defn: A vallar crown.
VALLARY Val"la*ry, a.
Defn: Same as Vallar.
VALLATION Val*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. vallatio, fr. vallare to surround with a rampart, fr. vallum rampart. See Wall, n.]
Defn: A rampart or intrenchment.
VALLATORY Val"la*to*ry, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a vallation; used for a vallation; as, vallatory reads. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
VALLECULA Val*lec"u*la, n.; pl. Valleculæ. Etym: [NL., dim. fr. L. vallis, valles, a valley.]
1. (Anat.)
Defn: A groove; a fossa; as, the vallecula, or fossa, which separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: One of the grooves, or hollows, between the ribs of the fruit of umbelliferous plants.
VALLET'S PILLS Val`let's pills". Etym: [From Dr. Vallet of Paris.] (Med.)
Defn: Pills containing sulphate of iron and carbonate of sodium, mixed with saccharine matter; -- called also Vallet's mass.
VALLEY Val"ley, n.; pl. Valleys. Etym: [OE. vale, valeie, OF. valée, valede, F. vallée, LL. vallata, L. vallis, valles. See Vale.]
1. The space inclosed between ranges of hills or mountains; the strip of land at the bottom of the depressions intersecting a country, including usually the bed of a stream, with frequently broad alluvial plains on one or both sides of the stream. Also used figuratively. The valley of the shadow of death. Ps. xxiii. 4. Sweet interchange Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains. Milton.
Note: Deep and narrow valleys with abrupt sides are usually the results of erosion by water, and are called gorges, ravines, cañons, gulches, etc.
2. (Arch.) (a) The place of meeting of two slopes of a roof, which have their plates running in different directions, and form on the plan a reëntrant angle. (b) The depression formed by the meeting of two slopes on a flat roof. Valley board (Arch.), a board for the reception of the lead gutter in the valley of a roof. The valley board and lead gutter are not usual in the United States. -- Valley rafter, or Valley piece (Arch.), the rafter which supports the valley. -- Valley roof (Arch.), a roof having one or more valleys. See Valley, 2, above.
VALLUM Val"lum, n.; pl. L. Valla, E. Vallums. Etym: [L. See Wall.] (Rom. Antiq.)
Defn: A rampart; a wall, as in a fortification.
VALONIA Va*lo"ni*a, n. Etym: [It. vallonia, vallonea, fr. NGr. balania`, balanidia`, the holm oak, bala`ni, balani`di, an acorn, Gr. ba`lanos.]
1. The acorn cup of two kinds of oak (Quercus macrolepis, and Q. vallonea) found in Eastern Europe. It contains abundance of tannin, and is much used by tanners and dyers.
2. Etym: [Perhaps named from its resemblance to an acorn.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of marine green algæ, in which the whole frond consists of a single oval or cylindrical cell, often an inch in length.
VALOR Val"or, n. Etym: [OE. valour, OF. valor, valur, valour, F. valeur, LL. valor, fr. L. valere to be strong, or worth. See Valiant.] [Written also valour.]
1. Value; worth. [Obs.] "The valor of a penny." Sir T. More.
2. Strength of mind in regard to danger; that quality which enables a man to encounter danger with firmness; personal bravery; courage; prowess; intrepidity. For contemplation he and valor formed. Milton. When valor preys on reason, It eats the sword it fights with. Shak. Fear to do base, unworthy things is valor. B. Jonson.
3. A brave man; a man of valor. [R.] Ld. Lytton.
Syn. -- Courage; heroism; bravery; gallantry; boldness; fearlessness. See Courage, and Heroism.
VALORIZATION Val`or*i*za"tion, n. [Pg. valorizacão.]
Defn: Act or process of attempting to give an arbitrary market value or price to a commodity by governmental interference, as by maintaining a purchasing fund, making loans to producers to enable them to hold their products, etc.; -- used chiefly of such action by Brazil.
VALOROUS Val"or*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. valeureux, LL. valorosus.]
Defn: Possessing or exhibiting valor; brave; courageous; valiant; intrepid. -- Val"or*ous*ly, adv.
VALSALVIAN Val*sal"vi*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Valsalva, an Italian anatomist of the 17th century. Valsalvian experiment (Med.), the process of inflating the middle ear by closing the mouth and nostrils, and blowing so as to puff out the cheeks.
VALUABLE Val"u*a*ble, a.
1. Having value or worth; possessing qualities which are useful and esteemed; precious; costly; as, a valuable horse; valuable land; a valuable cargo.
2. Worthy; estimable; deserving esteem; as, a valuable friend; a valuable companion. Valuable consideration (Law), an equivalent or compensation having value given for a thing purchased, as money, marriage, services, etc. Blackstone. Bouvier.
VALUABLE Val"u*a*ble, n.
Defn: A precious possession; a thing of value, especially a small thing, as an article of jewelry; -- used mostly in the plural. The food and valuables they offer to the gods. Tylor.
VALUABLENESS Val"u*a*ble*ness, n.
Defn: The quality of being valuable.
VALUABLY Val"u*a*bly, adv.
Defn: So as to be of value.
VALUATION Val`u*a"tion, n.
1. The act of valuing, or of estimating value or worth; the act of setting a price; estimation; appraisement; as, a valuation of lands for the purpose of taxation.
2. Value set upon a thing; estimated value or worth; as, the goods sold for more than their valuation. Since of your lives you set So slight a valuation. Shak.
VALUATOR Val"u*a`tor, n.
Defn: One who assesses, or sets a value on, anything; an appraiser. Swift.
VALUE Val"ue, n. Etym: [OF. value, fr. valoir, p. p. valu, to be worth, fr. L. valere to be strong, to be worth. See Valiant.]
1. The property or aggregate properties of a thing by which it is rendered useful or desirable, or the degree of such property or sum of properties; worth; excellence; utility; importance.
Ye are all physicians of no value. Job xiii. 4. Ye are of more value than many sparrows. Matt. x. 31. Cæsar is well acquainted with your virtue, And therefore sets this value on your life. Addison. Before events shall have decided on the value of the measures. Marshall.
2. (Trade & Polit. Econ.)
Defn: Worth estimated by any standard of purchasing power, especially by the market price, or the amount of money agreed upon as an equivalent to the utility and cost of anything. An article may be possessed of the highest degree of utility, or power to minister to our wants and enjoyments, and may be universally made use of, without possessing exchangeable value. M'Culloch. Value is the power to command commodities generally. A. L. Chapin (Johnson's Cys.). Value is the generic term which expresses power in exchange. F. A. Walker. His design was not to pay him the value of his pictures, because they were above any price. Dryden.
Note: In political economy, value is often distinguished as intrinsic and exchangeable. Intrinsic value is the same as utility or adaptation to satisfy the desires or wants of men. Exchangeable value is that in an article or product which disposes individuals to give for it some quantity of labor, or some other article or product obtainable by labor; as, pure air has an intrinsic value, but generally not an exchangeable value.
3. Precise signification; import; as, the value of a word; the value of a legal instrument Mitford.
4. Esteem; regard. Dryden. My relation to the person was so near, and my value for him so great Bp. Burnet.
5. (Mus.)
Defn: The relative length or duration of a tone or note, answering to quantity in prosody; thus, a quarter note [value of two eighth notes [
6. In an artistical composition, the character of any one part in its relation to other parts and to the whole; -- often used in the plural; as, the values are well given, or well maintained.
7. Valor. [Written also valew.] [Obs.] Spenser. Value received, a phrase usually employed in a bill of exchange or a promissory note, to denote that a consideration has been given for it. Bouvier.
VALUE Val"ue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Valued; p. pr. & vb. n. Valuing.]
1. To estimate the value, or worth, of; to rate at a certain price; to appraise; to reckon with respect to number, power, importance, etc. The mind doth value every moment. Bacon. The queen is valued thirty thousand strong. Shak. The king must take it ill, That he's so slightly valued in his messenger. Shak. Neither of them valued their promises according to rules of honor or integrity. Clarendon.
2. To rate highly; to have in high esteem; to hold in respect and estimation; to appreciate; to prize; as, to value one for his works or his virtues. Which of the dukes he values most. Shak.
3. To raise to estimation; to cause to have value, either real or apparent; to enhance in value. [Obs.] Some value themselves to their country by jealousies of the crown. Sir W. Temple.
4. To be worth; to be equal to in value. [Obs.] The peace between the French and us not values The cost that did conclude it. Shak.
Syn. -- To compute; rate; appraise; esteem; respect; regard; estimate; prize; appreciate.
VALUED Val"ued, a.
Defn: Highly regarded; esteemed; prized; as, a valued contributor; a valued friend. Valued policy. See under Policy.
VALUED POLICY Val"ued pol"i*cy. (Fire Insurance)
Defn: A policy in which the value of the goods, property, or interest insured is specified; -- opposed to open policy.
VALUED-POLICY LAW Valued-policy law. (Fire Insurance)
Defn: A law requiring insurance companies to pay to the insured, in case of total loss, the full amount of the insurance, regardless of the actual value of the property at the time of the loss.
VALUELESS Val"ue*less, a.
Defn: Being of no value; having no worth.
VALUER Val"u*er, n.
Defn: One who values; an appraiser.
VALURE Val"ure, n.
Defn: Value. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.
VALVAL; VALVAR Valv"al, Valv"ar, a. (Biol.)
Defn: Valvular.
VALVASOR Val"va*sor, n. (Feud. Law)
Defn: See Vavasor.
VALVATA Val*va"ta, n. Etym: [NL.; cf. L. valvatus having folding doors. See Valve.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of small spiral fresh-water gastropods having an operculum.
VALVATE Valv"ate, a. Etym: [L. valvatus having folding doors.]
1. Resembling, or serving as, a valve; consisting of, or opening by, a valve or valves; valvular.
2. (Bot.) (a) Meeting at the edges without overlapping; -- said of the sepals or the petals of flowers in æstivation, and of leaves in vernation. (b) Opening as if by doors or valves, as most kinds of capsules and some anthers.
VALVE Valve, n. Etym: [L. valva the leaf, fold, or valve of a door: cf. F. valve.]
1. A door; especially, one of a pair of folding doors, or one of the leaves of such a door. Swift through the valves the visionary fair Repassed. Pope. Heavily closed, . . . the valves of the barn doors. Longfellow.
2. A lid, plug, or cover, applied to an aperture so that by its movement, as by swinging, lifting and falling, sliding, turning, or the like, it will open or close the aperture to permit or prevent passage, as of a fluid.
Note: A valve may act automatically so as to be opened by the effort of a fluid to pass in one direction, and closed by the effort to pass in the other direction, as a clack valve; or it may be opened or closed by hand or by mechanism, as a screw valve, or a slide valve.
3. (Anat.)
Defn: One or more membranous partitions, flaps, or folds, which permit the passage of the contents of a vessel or cavity in one direction, but stop or retard the flow in the opposite direction; as, the ileocolic, mitral, and semilunar valves.
4. (Bot.) (a) One of the pieces into which a capsule naturally separates when it bursts. (b) One of the two similar portions of the shell of a diatom. (c) A small portion of certain anthers, which opens like a trapdoor to allow the pollen to escape, as in the barberry.
5. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the pieces or divisions of bivalve or multivalve shells. Air valve, Ball valve, Check valve, etc. See under Air. Ball, Check, etc. -- Double-beat valve, a kind of balance valve usually consisting of a movable, open-ended, turban-shaped shell provided with two faces of nearly equal diameters, one above another, which rest upon two corresponding seats when the valve is closed. -- Equilibrium valve. (a) A balance valve. See under Balance. (b) A valve for permitting air, steam, water, etc., to pass into or out of a chamber so as to establish or maintain equal pressure within and without. -- Valve chest (Mach.), a chamber in which a valve works; especially (Steam Engine), the steam chest; -- called in England valve box, and valve casing. See Steam chest, under Steam. -- Valve face (Mach.), that part of the surface of a valve which comes in contact with the valve seat. -- Valve gear, or Valve motion (Steam Engine), the system of parts by which motion is given to the valve or valves for the distribution of steam in the cylinder. For an illustration of one form of valve gear, see Link motion. -- Valve seat. (Mach.) (a) The fixed surface on which a valve rests or against which it presses. (b) A part or piece on which such a surface is formed. -- Valve stem (Mach.), a rod attached to a valve, for moving it. -- Valve yoke (Mach.), a strap embracing a slide valve and connecting it to the valve stem.
VALVED Valved, a.
Defn: Having a valve or valve; valvate.
VALVELET Valve"let, n.
Defn: A little valve; a valvule; especially, one of the pieces which compose the outer covering of a pericarp.
VALVE-SHELL Valve"-shell`, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any fresh-water gastropod of the genus Valvata.
VALVULA Val"vu*la, n.; pl. Valvulæ. Etym: [NL., dim. fr. L. valva fold, valve of a door.] (Anat.)
Defn: A little valve or fold; a valvelet; a valvule.
VALVULAR Valv"u*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. valvulaire.]
1. Of or pertaining to a valve or valves; specifically (Med.), of or pertaining to the valves of the heart; as, valvular disease.
2. Containing valves; serving as a valve; opening by valves; valvate; as, a valvular capsule.
VALVULE Valv"ule, n. Etym: [Cf. F. valvule.]
1. A little valve; a valvelet.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A small valvelike process.
VALYLENE Val"yl*ene, n. Etym: [Valerian + -yl.] (Chem.)
Defn: A volatile liquid hydrocarbon, C5H6, related to ethylene and acetylene, but possessing the property of unsaturation in the third degree. It is the only known member of a distinct series of compounds. It has a garlic odor.
VAMBRACE Vam"brace, n. Etym: [See Vantbrass.] (Anc. Armor)
Defn: The piece designed to protect the arm from the elbow to the wrist.
VAMOSE Va*mose", v. i. & t. Etym: [Sp. vamos let us go.]
Defn: To depart quickly; to depart from. [Written also vamos, and vamoose.] [Slang, Eng. & U. S.]
VAMP Vamp v. i.
Defn: To advance; to travel. [Obs.]
VAMP Vamp, n. Etym: [OE. vampe, vaumpe, vauntpe, F. avantpied the forefoot, vamp; anat before, fore + pied foot, L. pes. See Advance, Van of an army, and Foot.]
1. The part of a boot or shoe above the sole and welt, and in front of the ankle seam; an upper.
2. Any piece added to an old thing to give it a new appearance. See Vamp, v. t.
VAMP Vamp, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vamped; p. pr. & vb. n. Vamping.]
Defn: To provide, as a shoe, with new upper leather; hence, to piece, as any old thing, with a new part; to repair; to patch; -- often followed by up. I had never much hopes of your vamped play. Swift.
VAMPER Vamp"er, n.
Defn: One who vamps; one who pieces an old thing with something new; a cobbler.
VAMPER Vamp"er, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Vaunt.]
Defn: To swagger; to make an ostentatious show. [Prov. eng. & Scot.] Jamieson.
VAMPIRE Vam"pire, n. Etym: [F. vampire (cf. It. vampiro, G. & D. vampir), fr. Servian vampir.] [Written also vampyre.]
1. A blood-sucking ghost; a soul of a dead person superstitiously believed to come from the grave and wander about by night sucking the blood of persons asleep, thus causing their death. This superstition is now prevalent in parts of Eastern Europe, and was especially current in Hungary about the year 1730. The persons who turn vampires are generally wizards, witches, suicides, and persons who have come to a violent end, or have been cursed by their parents or by the church, Encyc. Brit.
2. Fig.: One who lives by preying on others; an extortioner; a bloodsucker.
3. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Either one of two or more species of South American blood- sucking bats belonging to the genera Desmodus and Diphylla. These bats are destitute of molar teeth, but have strong, sharp cutting incisors with which they make punctured wounds from which they suck the blood of horses, cattle, and other animals, as well as man, chiefly during sleep. They have a cæcal appendage to the stomach, in which the blood with which they gorge themselves is stored.
4. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of several species of harmless tropical American bats of the genus Vampyrus, especially V. spectrum. These bats feed upon insects and fruit, but were formerly erroneously supposed to suck the blood of man and animals. Called also false vampire. Vampire bat (Zoöl.), a vampire, 3.
VAMPIRISM Vam"pir*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vampirisme.]
1. Belief in the existence of vampires.
2. The actions of a vampire; the practice of bloodsucking.
3. Fig.: The practice of extortion. Carlyle.
VAMPLATE Vam"plate`, n. Etym: [F. avant fore, fore + E. plate.]
Defn: A round of iron on the shaft of a tilting spear, to protect the hand. [Written also vamplet.]
VAMURE Va"mure, n.
Defn: See Vauntmure. [Obs.]
VAN Van, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. vanguard.]
Defn: The front of an army; the first line or leading column; also, the front line or foremost division of a fleet, either in sailing or in battle. Standards and gonfalons, twixt van and rear, Stream in the air. Milton.
VAN Van, n. Etym: [Cornish.] (Mining)
Defn: A shovel used in cleansing ore.
VAN Van, v. t. (Mining)
Defn: To wash or cleanse, as a small portion of ore, on a shovel. Raymond.
VAN Van, n. Etym: [Abbreviated from caravan.]
1. A light wagon, either covered or open, used by tradesmen and others fore the transportation of goods. [Eng.]
2. A large covered wagon for moving furniture, etc., also for conveying wild beasts, etc., for exhibition.
3. A close railway car for baggage. See the Note under Car, 2. [Eng.]
VAN Van, n. Etym: [L. vannus a van, or fan for winnowing grain: cf. F. van. Cf. Fan, Van a wing Winnow.]
1. A fan or other contrivance, as a sieve, for winnowing grain.
2. Etym: [OF. vanne, F. vanneau beam feather (cf. It. vanno a wing) fr. L. vannus. See Etymology above.]
Defn: A wing with which the air is beaten. [Archaic] "[/Angels] on the air plumy vans received him. " Milton. He wheeled in air, and stretched his vans in vain; His vans no longer could his flight sustain. Dryden.
VAN Van, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. vanner to winnow, to fan. See Van a winnowing machine.]
Defn: To fan, or to cleanse by fanning; to winnow. [Obs.] Bacon.
VANADATE Van"a*date, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vanadate.] (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of vanadic acid. [Formerly also vanadiate.]
VANADIC Va*nad"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, vanadium; containing vanadium; specifically distinguished those compounds in which vanadium has a relatively higher valence as contrasted with the vanadious compounds; as, vanadic oxide. Vanadic acid (Chem.), an acid analogous to phosphoric acid, not known in the free state but forming a well-known series of salts.
VANADINITE Va*nad"i*nite, n. (Min.)
Defn: A mineral occurring in yellowish, and ruby-red hexagonal crystals. It consist of lead vanadate with a small proportion of lead chloride.
VANADIOUS Va*na"di*ous, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, vanadium; specifically, designating those compounds in which vanadium has a lower valence as contrasted with the vanadic compounds; as, vanadious acid. [Sometimes written also vanadous.]
VANADITE Van"a*dite, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of vanadious acid, analogous to a nitrite or a phosphite.
VANADIUM Va*na"di*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Icel. Vanadis, a surname of the Scandinavian goddess Freya.] (Chem.)
Defn: A rare element of the nitrogen-phosphorus group, found combined, in vanadates, in certain minerals, and reduced as an infusible, grayish-white metallic powder. It is intermediate between the metals and the non-metals, having both basic and acid properties. Sumbol V (or Vd, rarely). Atomic weight 51.2.
VANADIUM BRONZE Va*na"di*um bronze`. (Chem.)
Defn: A yellow pigment consisting of a compound of vanadium.
VANADOUS Van"a*dous, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to vanadium; obtained from vanadium; -- said of an acid containing one equivalent of vanadium and two of oxygen.
VANADYL Van"a*dyl, n. Etym: [Vanadium + -yl.] (Chem.)
Defn: The hypothetical radical VO, regarded as a characterized residue of certain vanadium compounds.
VAN-COURIER Van"-cou`ri*er, n. Etym: [F. avant-courrier.See Avant, Van of an army, and Courier, and cf. Avant-courier, Vaunt-courier.]
Defn: One sent in advance; an avant-courier; a precursor.
VANDAL Van"dal, n. Etym: [L. Vandalus, Vandalius; of Teutonic origin, and probably originally signifying, a wanderer. Cf. Wander.]
1. (Anc. Hist.)
Defn: One of a Teutonic race, formerly dwelling on the south shore of the Baltic, the most barbarous and fierce of the northern nations that plundered Rome in the 5th century, notorious for destroying the monuments of art and literature.
2. Hence, one who willfully destroys or defaces any work of art or literature. The Vandals of our isle, Sworn foes to sense and law. Cowper.
VANDAL; VANDALIC Van"dal, Van*dal"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Vandals; resembling the Vandals in barbarism and destructiveness.
VANDALISM Van"dal*ism, n.
Defn: The spirit or conduct of the Vandals; ferocious cruelty; hostility to the arts and literature, or willful destruction or defacement of their monuments.
VANDYKE Van*dyke", a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the style of Vandyke the painter; used or represented by Vandyke. "His Vandyke dress." Macaulay. [Written also Vandyck.] Vandyke brown (Paint.), a pigment of a deep semitranssparent brown color, supposed to be the color used by Vandyke in his pictures. -- Vandyke collar or cape, a broad collar or cape of linen and lace with a deep pointed or scalloped edge, worn lying on the shoulders; - - so called from its appearance in pictures by Vandyke. -- Vandyke edge, an edge having ornamental triangular points.
VANDYKE Van*dyke", n.
Defn: A picture by Vandyke. Also, a Vandyke collar, or a Vandyke edge. [Written also Vandyck.]
VANDYKE Van*dyke", v. t.
Defn: fit or furnish with a Vandyke; to form with points or scallops like a Vandyke. [R.] [Written also Vandyck.]
VANDYKE BEARD Van*dyke" beard`.
Defn: A trim, pointed beard, such as those often seen in pictures by Vandyke.
VANE Vane, n. Etym: [OE. & E. Prov. E. fane weathercock, banner, AS. fana a banner, flag; akin to D. vaan, G. fahne, OHG. fano cloth, gund fano flag, Icel. fani, Sw. fana, Dan. fane, Goth. fana cloth, L. pannus, and perhaps to Gr.Fanon, Pane a compartment, panel.]
1. A contrivance attached to some elevated object for the purpose of showing which way the wind blows; a weathercock. It is usually a plate or strip of metal, or slip of wood, often cut into some fanciful form, and placed upon a perpendicular axis around which it moves freely. Aye undiscreet, and changing as a vane. Chaucer.
2. Any flat, extended surface attached to an axis and moved by the wind; as, the vane of a windmill; hence, a similar fixture of any form moved in or by water, air, or other fluid; as, the vane of a screw propeller, a fan blower, an anemometer, etc.
3. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The rhachis and web of a feather taken together.
4. One of the sights of a compass, quadrant, etc. Vane of a leveling staff. (Surv.) Same as Target, 3.
VANESSA Van*es"sa, n. Etym: [Probably from Swift's poem of Cadenus and Vanessa. See Vanessa, in the Dictionary of Noted Names in Fiction.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of handsomely colored butterflies belonging to Vanessa and allied genera. Many of these species have the edges of the wings irregularly scalloped.
VANESSIAN Van*es"si*an, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A vanessa.
VANFESS Van"fess`, n. Etym: [F. avant-fossé; avant before + fossé ditch. Cf. Fosse.] (Fort.)
Defn: A ditch on the outside of the counterscarp, usually full of water.
VANG Vang, n. Etym: [D. vangen to catch, seize. See Fang.] (Naut.)
Defn: A rope to steady the peak of a gaff.
VANGLO Van"glo, n. (Bot.)
Defn: Benne (Sesamum orientale); also, its seeds; -- so called in the West Indies.
VANGUARD Van"guard`, n. Etym: [For vantguard, avantguard, F. avant-garde; avant before, fore + garde guard. See Avant, Ab-,Ante-, and Guard, and cf. Advance, Vamp, Van of an army, Vaward.] (Mil.)
Defn: The troops who march in front of an army; the advance guard; the van.
VANILLA Va*nil"la, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Sp. vainilla, dim. of Sp. vaina a sheath, a pod, L. vagina; because its grains, or seeds, are contained in little pods.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of climbing orchidaceous plants natives of tropical America.
2. The long podlike capsules of Vanilla planifolia, and V. claviculata, remarkable for their delicate and agreeable odor, for the volatile, odoriferous oil extracted from them; also, the flavoring extract made from the capsules, extensively used in confectionery, perfumery, etc.
Note: As a medicine, vanilla is supposed to possess powers analogous to valerian, while, at the same time, it is far more grateful. Cuban vanilla, a sweet-scented West Indian composite shrub (Eupatorium Dalea). -- Vanilla bean, the long capsule of the vanilla plant. -- Vanilla grass. Same as Holy grass, under Holy.
VANILLATE Va*nil"late, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A salt of vanillic acid.
VANILLIC Va*nil"lic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, vanilla or vanillin; resembling vanillin; specifically, designating an alcohol and an acid respectively, vanillin being the intermediate aldehyde.
VANILLIN Va*nil"lin, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A white crystalline aldehyde having a burning taste and characteristic odor of vanilla. It is extracted from vanilla pods, and is also obtained by the decomposition of coniferin, and by the oxidation of eugenol.
VANILLOES Va*nil"loes, n. pl.
Defn: An inferior kind of vanilla, the pods of Vanilla Pompona.
VANILLYL Va*nil"lyl, n. Etym: [Vanillic + -yl.] (Chem.)
Defn: The hypothetical radical characteristic of vanillic alcohol.
VANILOQUENCE Va*nil"o*quence, n. Etym: [L. vaniloquentia; vanus vain + loquentia talk, loqui to speak.]
Defn: Vain or foolish talk. [Obs.]
VANISH Van"ish, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Vanished; p. pr. & vb. n. Vanishing.] Etym: [OE. vanissen, OF. vanir (in comp.): cf. OF. envanir, esvanir, esvanuïr, F. s'évanouir; fr. L. vanus empty, vain; cf. L. vanescere, evanescere, to vanish. See Vain, and cf. Evanescent,-ish.]
1. To pass from a visible to an invisible state; to go out of sight; to disappear; to fade; as, vapor vanishes from the sight by being dissipated; a ship vanishes from the sight of spectators on land. The horse vanished . . . out of sight. Chaucer. Go; vanish into air; away! Shak. The champions vanished from their posts with the speed of lightning. Sir W. Scott. Gliding from the twilight past to vanish among realities. Hawthorne.
2. To be annihilated or lost; to pass away. "All these delights will vanish." Milton.
VANISH Van"ish, n. (Phon.)
Defn: The brief terminal part of vowel or vocal element, differing more or less in quality from the main part; as, a as in ale ordinarily ends with a vanish of i as in ill, o as in old with a vanish of oo as in foot. Rush.
Note: The vanish is included by Mr. Bell under the general term glide.
VANISHING Van"ish*ing,
Defn: a. & n. from Vanish, v. Vanishing fraction (Math.), a fraction which reduces to the form Math. Dict. -- Vanishing line (Persp.), the intersection of the parallel of any original plane and picture; one of the lines converging to the vanishing point. -- Vanishing point (Persp.), the point to which all parallel lines in the same plane tend in the representation. Gwilt. -- Vanishing stress (Phon.), stress of voice upon the closing portion of a syllable. Rush.
VANISHMENT Van"ish*ment, n.
Defn: A vanishing. [Obs.]
VANITY Van"i*ty, n.; pl. Vanities. Etym: [OE. vanite, vanité, L. vanitas, fr. vanus empty, vain. See Vain.]
1. The quality or state of being vain; want of substance to satisfy desire; emptiness; unsubstantialness; unrealness; falsity. Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity. Eccl. i. 2. Here I may well show the vanity of that which is reported in the story of Walsingham. Sir J. Davies.
2. An inflation of mind upon slight grounds; empty pride inspired by an overweening conceit of one's personal attainments or decorations; an excessive desire for notice or approval; pride; ostentation; conceit. The exquisitely sensitive vanity of Garrick was galled. Macaulay.
3. That which is vain; anything empty, visionary, unreal, or unsubstantial; fruitless desire or effort; trifling labor productive of no good; empty pleasure; vain pursuit; idle show; unsubstantial enjoyment. Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher. Eccl. i. 2. Vanity possesseth many who are desirous to know the certainty of things to come. Sir P. Sidney. [Sin] with vanity had filled the works of men. Milton. Think not, when woman's transient breath is fled, That all her vanities at once are dead; Succeeding vanities she still regards. Pope.
4. One of the established characters in the old moralities and puppet shows. See Morality, n., 5. You . . . take vanity the puppet's part. Shak.
Syn. -- Egotism; pride; emptiness; worthlessness; self-sufficiency. See Egotism, and Pride.
VANITY BOX Van"i*ty box.
Defn: A small box, usually jeweled or of precious metal and worn on a chain, containing a mirror, powder puff, and other small toilet articles for a woman.
VANJAS Van"jas, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The Australian pied crow shrike (Strepera graculina). It is glossy bluish black, with the under tail coverts and the tips and bases of the tail feathers white.
VANNER Van"ner, n. (Mining)
Defn: A machine for concentrating ore. See Frue vanner.
VANNER HAWK Van"ner hawk`.
Defn: The kestrel. [Prov. Eng.]
VANNING Van"ning, n. (Mining)
Defn: A process by which ores are washed on a shovel, or in a vanner.
VANQUISH Van"quish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vanquished; p. pr. & vb. n. Vanquishing.] Etym: [OE. venquishen, venquissen, venkisen,F. vaincre, pret. vainquis, OF. veintre, pret. venqui, venquis (cf. an OF. infin. vainquir), fr. L. vincere; akin to AS. wig war, battle, wigant a warrior, wigan to fight, Icel. vig battle, Goth. weihan to fight, contend. Cf. Convince, Evict, Invincible, Victor.]
1. To conquer, overcome, or subdue in battle, as an enemy. Hakluyt. They . . . Vanquished the rebels in all encounters. Clarendon.
2. Hence, to defeat in any contest; to get the better of; to put down; to refute. This bold assertion has been fully vanquished in a late reply to the Bishop of Meaux's treatise. Atterbury. For e'en though vanquished, he could argue still. Goldsmith.
Syn. -- To conquer; surmount; overcome; confute; silence. See Conquer.
VANQUISH Van"quish, n. (Far.)
Defn: A disease in sheep, in which they pine away. [Written also vinquish.]
VANQUISHABLE Van"quish*a*ble, a.
Defn: That may be vanquished.
VANQUISHER Van"quish*er, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, vanquishes. Milton.
VANQUISHMENT Van"quish*ment, n.
Defn: The act of vanquishing, or the state of being vanquished. Bp. Hall.
VANSIRE Van"sire, n. Etym: [The native name: cf. F. vansire.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: An ichneumon (Herpestes galera) native of Southern Africa and Madagascar. It is reddish brown or dark brown, grizzled with white. Called also vondsira, and marsh ichneumon.
VANT Vant, v. i.
Defn: See Vaunt. [Obs.]
VANTAGE Van"tage (; 48), n. Etym: [Aphetic form of OE. avantage,fr. F. avantage. See Advantage.]
1. superior or more favorable situation or opportunity; gain; profit; advantage. [R.] O happy vantage of a kneeling knee! Shak.
2. (Lawn Tennis)
Defn: The first point after deuce.
Note: When the server wins this point, it is called vantage in; when the receiver, or striker out, wins, it is called vantage out. To have at vantage, to have the advantage of; to be in a more favorable condition than. "He had them at vantage, being tired and harassed with a long march." Bacon. -- Vantage ground, superiority of state or place; the place or condition which gives one an advantage over another. "The vantage ground of truth. Bacon. It is these things that give him his actual standing, and it is from this vantage ground that he looks around him. I. Taylor.
VANTAGE Van"tage, v. t.
Defn: To profit; to aid. [Obs.] Spenser.
VANTAGE GAME Van"tage game. (Lawn Tennis)
Defn: The first game after the set is deuce. See Set, n., 9.
VANTAGE POINT Vantage point.
Defn: A point giving advantage; vantage ground.
VANTBRACE; VANTBRASS Vant"brace, Vant"brass, n. Etym: [F. avant fore + bras arm: cf. F. brassard armor for the arm, brace, forearm. Cf. Vambrace.] (Anc. Armor)
Defn: Armor for the arm; vambrace. Milton.
VANT-COURIER Vant"-cou`ri*er, n.
Defn: An avant-courier. See Van-courier. [Obs.] Holland.
VAN'T HOFF'S LAW Van't Hoff's law. [After J.H. van't Hoff, Dutch physical chemist.] (Phys. Chem.)
Defn: The generalization that: when a system is in equilibrium, of the two opposed interactions the endothermic is promoted by raising the temperature, the exothermic by lowering it.
VANWARD Van"ward, a.
Defn: Being on, or towards, the van, or front. "The vanward frontier." De Quincey.
VAP Vap, n. Etym: [See Vapid.]
Defn: That which is vapid, insipid, or lifeless; especially, the lifeless part of liquor or wine. [Obs.] In vain it is to wash a goblet, if you mean to put it nothing but the dead lees and vap of wine. Jer. Taylor.
VAPID Vap"id, a. Etym: [L. vapidus having lost its lire and spirit, vapid; akin to vappa vapid wine, vapor vapor. See Vapor.]
Defn: Having lost its life and spirit; dead; spiritless; insipid; flat; dull; unanimated; as, vapid beer; a vapid speech; a vapid state of the blood. A cheap, bloodless reformation, a guiltless liberty, appear flat and vapid to their taste. Burke. -- Vap"id*ly, adv. -- Vap"id*ness, n.
VAPIDITY Va*pid"i*ty, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being vapid; vapidness.
VAPOR Va"por, n. Etym: [OE. vapour, OF. vapour, vapor, vapeur, F. vapeur, L. vapor; probably for cvapor, and akin to Gr. kvepti to breathe, smell, Russ. kopote fine soot. Cf. Vapid.] [Written also vapour.]
1. (Physics)
Defn: Any substance in the gaseous, or aëriform, state, the condition of which is ordinarily that of a liquid or solid.
Note: The term vapor is sometimes used in a more extended sense, as identical with gas; and the difference between the two is not so much one of kind as of degree, the latter being applied to all permanently elastic fluids except atmospheric air, the former to those elastic fluids which lose that condition at ordinary temperatures. The atmosphere contains more or less vapor of water, a portion of which, on a reduction of temperature, becomes condensed into liquid water in the form of rain or dew. The vapor of water produced by boiling, especially in its economic relations, is called steam. Vapor is any substance in the gaseous condition at the maximum of density consistent with that condition. This is the strict and proper meaning of the word vapor. Nichol.
2. In a loose and popular sense, any visible diffused substance floating in the atmosphere and impairing its transparency, as smoke, fog, etc. The vapour which that fro the earth glood [glided]. Chaucer. Fire and hail; snow and vapors; stormy wind fulfilling his word. Ps. cxlviii. 8.
3. Wind; flatulence. [Obs.] Bacon.
4. Something unsubstantial, fleeting, or transitory; unreal fancy; vain imagination; idle talk; boasting. For what is your life It is even a vapor, that appeareth for a little time, and then vanisheth away. James iv. 14.
5. pl.
Defn: An old name for hypochondria, or melancholy; the blues. "A fit of vapors." Pope.
6. (Pharm.)
Defn: A medicinal agent designed for administration in the form of inhaled vapor. Brit. Pharm. Vapor bath. (a) A bath in vapor; the application of vapor to the body, or part of it, in a close place; also, the place itself. (b) (Chem.) A small metallic drying oven, usually of copper, for drying and heating filter papers, precipitates, etc.; -- called also air bath. A modified form is provided with a jacket in the outside partition for holding water, or other volatile liquid, by which the temperature may be limited exactly to the required degree. -- Vapor burner, a burner for burning a vaporized hydrocarbon. -- Vapor density (Chem.), the relative weight of gases and vapors as compared with some specific standard, usually hydrogen, but sometimes air. The vapor density of gases and vaporizable substances as compared with hydrogen, when multiplied by two, or when compared with air and multiplied by 28.8, gives the molecular weight. -- Vapor engine, an engine worked by the expansive force of a vapor, esp. a vapor other than steam.
VAPOR Va"por, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Vapored; p. pr. & vb. n. Vaporing.] Etym: [From Vapor, n.: cf. L. vaporare.] [Written also vapour.]
1. To pass off in fumes, or as a moist, floating substance, whether visible or invisible, to steam; to be exhaled; to evaporate.
2. To emit vapor or fumes. [R.] Running waters vapor not so much as standing waters. Bacon.
3. To talk idly; to boast or vaunt; to brag. Poets used to vapor much after this manner. Milton. We vapor and say, By this time Matthews has beaten them. Walpole.
VAPOR Va"por, v. t.
Defn: To send off in vapor, or as if in vapor; as, to vapor away a heated fluid. [Written also vapour.] He'd laugh to see one throw his heart away, Another, sighing, vapor forth his soul. B. Jonson.
VAPORABILITY Vap`o*ra*bil"i*ty, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being vaporable.
VAPORABLE Vap"o*ra*ble, a.
Defn: Capable of being converted into vapor by the agency of heat; vaporizable.
VAPORATE Vap"o*rate, v. i. Etym: [L. vaporare, vaporatum. See Vapor.]
Defn: To emit vapor; to evaporate. [R.]
VAPORATION Vap`o*ra"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vaporation, L. vaporatio.]
Defn: The act or process of converting into vapor, or of passing off in vapor; evaporation. [R.]
VAPORED Va"pored, a.
1. Wet with vapors; moist.
2. Affected with the vapors. See Vapor, n., 5.
VAPORER Va"por*er, n.
Defn: One who vapors; a braggart. Vaporer moth. (Zoöl.) See Orgyia.
VAPOR GALVANIZING Va"por gal"va*niz`ing. (Metal.)
Defn: A process for coating metal (usually iron or steel) surfaces with zinc by exposing them to the vapor of zinc instead of, as in ordinary galvanizing, to molten zinc; -- called also Sherardizing. Vapor galvanizing is accomplished by heating the articles to be galvanized together with zinc dust in an air tight receptacle to a temperature of about 600º F., which is 188º below the melting point of zinc, or by exposing the articles to vapor from molten zinc in a separate receptacle, using hydrogen or other reducing gas to prevent oxidation.
VAPORIFEROUS Vap`o*rif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. vaporifer; vapor + ferre to bear.]
Defn: Conveying or producing vapor.
VAPORIFIC Vap`o*rif"ic, a. Etym: [L. vapor vapor + facere to make.] (Chem.)
Defn: Producing vapor; tending to pass, or to cause to pass, into vapor; thus, volatile fluids are vaporific; heat is a vaporific agent.
VAPORIFORM Va*por"i*form, a.
Defn: Existing in a vaporous form or state; as, steam is a vaporiform substance.
VAPORIMETER Vap`o*rim"e*ter, n. Etym: [Vapor + -meter.]
Defn: An instrument for measuring the volume or the tension of any vapor; specifically, an instrument of this sort used as an alcoholometer in testing spirituous liquors.
VAPORING Va"por*ing, a.
Defn: Talking idly; boasting; vaunting. -- Va"por*ing*ly, adv.
VAPORISH Va"por*ish, a.
1. Full of vapors; vaporous.
2. Hypochondriacal; affected by hysterics; splenetic; peevish; humorsome. Pallas grew vap'rish once and odd. Pope.
VAPORIZABLE Vap"o*ri`za*ble (; 110), a.
Defn: Capable of being vaporized into vapor.
VAPORIZATION Vap`o*ri*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vaporisation.]
Defn: The act or process of vaporizing, or the state of being converted into vapor; the artificial formation of vapor; specifically, the conversion of water into steam, as in a steam boiler.
VAPORIZE Vap"o*rize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vaporized; p. pr. & vb. n. Vaporizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. vaporiser.]
Defn: To convert into vapor, as by the application of heat, whether naturally or artificially. Vaporizing surface. (Steam Boilers) See Evaporating surface, under Evaporate, v. t.
VAPORIZE Vap"o*rize, v. i.
Defn: To pass off in vapor.
VAPORIZER Vap"o*ri`zer, n.
Defn: One who, or that which, vaporizes, or converts into vapor.
VAPOROSE Va"por*ose`, a.
Defn: Full of vapor; vaporous.
VAPOROUS Va"por*ous, a. Etym: [L. vaporosus: cf. vaporeux.]
1. Having the form or nature of vapor. Holland.
2. Full of vapors or exhalations. Shak. The warmer and more vaporous air of the valleys. Derham.
3. Producing vapors; hence, windy; flatulent. Bacon. The food which is most vaporous and perspirable is the most easily digested. Arbuthnot.
4. Unreal; unsubstantial; vain; whimsical. Such vaporous speculations were inevitable. Carlyle.
VAPOROUSNESS Va"por*ous*ness, n.
Defn: The quality of being vaporous.
VAPOR PRESSURE; VAPOR TENSION Vapor pressure or tension . (Physics)
Defn: The pressure or tension of a confined body of vapor. The pressure of a given saturated vapor is a function of the temperature only, and may be measured by introducing a small quantity of the substance into a barometer and noting the depression of the column of mercury.
VAPORY Va"por*y, a.
1. Full of vapors; vaporous.
2. Hypochondriacal; splenetic; peevish.
VAPULATION Vap`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. vapulare to be
Defn: The act of beating or whipping. [Obs.]
VAQUERO Va*que"ro, n. Etym: [Sp., cowherd, fr. vaca a cow, L. vacca. Cf. Vacher.]
Defn: One who has charge of cattle, horses, etc.; a herdsman. [Southwestern U. S.]
VARA Va"ra, n. Etym: [Sp. See 1st Vare.]
Defn: A Spanish measure of length equal to about one yard. The vara now in use equals 33.385 inches. Johnson's Cyc.
VARAN Va"ran, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The monitor. See Monitor, 3.
VARANGIAN Va*ran"gi*an, n.
Defn: One of the Northmen who founded a dynasty in Russia in the 9th century; also, one of the Northmen composing, at a later date, the imperial bodyguard at Constantinople.
VARANUS Va*ra"nus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Ar. waran, waral; cf. F. varan, from the Arabic.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of very large lizards native of Asia and Africa. It includes the monitors. See Monitor, 3.
VARE Vare, n. Etym: [Sp. vara staff, wand, L. vara forked pole.]
Defn: A wand or staff of authority or justice. [Obs.] His hand a vare of justice did uphold. Dryden.
VARE Vare, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A weasel. [Prov. Eng.] Vare widgeon (Zoöl.), a female or young male of the smew; a weasel duck; -- so called from the resemblance of the head to that of a vare, or weasel. [Prov. Eng.]
VAREC Var"ec, n. Etym: [F. varech; of Teutonic origin. See Wrack seaweed, wreck.]
Defn: The calcined ashes of any coarse seaweed used for the manufacture of soda and iodine; also, the seaweed itself; fucus; wrack.
VARGUENO Var*gue"no (vär*ga"no), n. [Said to be fr. Vargas, name of a village in Spain.] (Art)
Defn: A decorative cabinet, of a form originating in Spain, the body being rectangular and supported on legs or an ornamental framework and the front opening downwards on hinges to serve as a writing desk.
VARI Va"ri, n. Etym: [Cf. F. vari.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The ringtailed lemur (Lemur catta) of Madagascar. Its long tail is annulated with black and white.
VARIABILITY Va`ri*a*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. variabilité.]
1. The quality or state of being variable; variableness.
2. (Biol.)
Defn: The power possessed by living organisms, both animal and vegetable, of adapting themselves to modifications or changes in their environment, thus possibly giving rise to ultimate variation of structure or function.
VARIABLE Va"ri*a*ble, a. Etym: [L. variabilis: cf. F. variable.]
1. Having the capacity of varying or changing; capable of alternation in any manner; changeable; as, variable winds or seasons; a variable quantity.
2. Liable to vary; too susceptible of change; mutable; fickle; unsteady; inconstant; as, the affections of men are variable; passions are variable. Lest that thy love prove likewise variable. Shak. His heart, I know, how variable and vain! Milton. Variable exhaust (Steam Eng.), a blast pipe with an adjustable opening. -- Variable quantity (Math.), a variable. -- Variable stars (Astron.), fixed stars which vary in their brightness, usually in more or less uniform periods.
Syn. -- Changeable; mutable; fickle; wavering; unsteady; versatile; inconstant.
VARIABLE Va"ri*a*ble, n.
1. That which is variable; that which varies, or is subject to change.
2. (Math.)
Defn: A quantity which may increase or decrease; a quantity which admits of an infinite number of values in the same expression; a variable quantity; as, in the equation x2 - y2 = R2, x and y are variables.
3. (Naut.) (a) A shifting wind, or one that varies in force. (b) pl.
Defn: Those parts of the sea where a steady wind is not expected, especially the parts between the trade-wind belts. Independent variable (Math.), that one of two or more variables, connected with each other in any way whatever, to which changes are supposed to be given at will. Thus, in the equation x2 - y2 = R2, if arbitrary changes are supposed to be given to x, then x is the independent variable, and y is called a function of x. There may be two or more independent variables in an equation or problem. Cf. Dependent variable, under Dependent.
VARIABLENESS Va"ri*a*ble*ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being variable; variability. James i. 17.
VARIABLY Va"ri*a*bly, adv.
Defn: In a variable manner.
VARIANCE Va"ri*ance, n. Etym: [L. variantia.]
1. The quality or state of being variant; change of condition; variation.
2. Difference that produce dispute or controversy; disagreement; dissension; discord; dispute; quarrel. That which is the strength of their amity shall prove the immediate author of their variance. Shak.
3. (Law)
Defn: A disagreement or difference between two parts of the same legal proceeding, which, to be effectual, ought to agree, -- as between the writ and the declaration, or between the allegation and the proof. Bouvier. A variance, in disagreement; in a state of dissension or controversy; at enmity. "What cause brought him so soon at variance with himself" Milton.
VARIANT Va"ri*ant, a. Etym: [L. varians, p. pr. of variare to change: cf. F. variant. See Vary.]
1. Varying in from, character, or the like; variable; different; diverse.
2. Changeable; changing; fickle. [Obs.] He is variant, he abit [abides] nowhere. Chaucer.
VARIANT Va"ri*ant, n. Etym: [Cf. F. variante.]
Defn: Something which differs in form from another thing, though really the same; as, a variant from a type in natural history; a variant of a story or a word.
VARIATE Va"ri*ate, v. t. & i. Etym: [L. variatus, p. p. of variare. See Vary.]
Defn: To alter; to make different; to vary.
VARIATION Va`ri*a"tion, n. Etym: [OE. variatioun, F. variation, L. variatio. See Vary.]
1. The act of varying; a partial change in the form, position, state, or qualities of a thing; modification; alternation; mutation; diversity; deviation; as, a variation of color in different lights; a variation in size; variation of language. The essences of things are conceived not capable of any such variation. Locke.
2. Extent to which a thing varies; amount of departure from a position or state; amount or rate of change.
3. (Gram.)
Defn: Change of termination of words, as in declension, conjugation, derivation, etc.
4. (Mus.)
Defn: Repetition of a theme or melody with fanciful embellishments or modifications, in time, tune, or harmony, or sometimes change of key; the presentation of a musical thought in new and varied aspects, yet so that the essential features of the original shall still preserve their identity.
5. (Alg.)
Defn: One of the different arrangements which can be made of any number of quantities taking a certain number of them together. Annual variation (Astron.), the yearly change in the right ascension or declination of a star, produced by the combined effects of the precession of the equinoxes and the proper motion of the star. -- Calculus of variations. See under Calculus. -- Variation compass. See under Compass. -- Variation of the moon (Astron.), an inequality of the moon's motion, depending on the angular distance of the moon from the sun. It is greater at the octants, and zero at the quadratures. -- Variation of the needle (Geog. & Naut.), the angle included between the true and magnetic meridians of a place; the deviation of the direction of a magnetic needle from the true north and south line; -- called also declination of the needle.
Syn. -- Change; vicissitude; variety; deviation.
VARICELLA Var`i*cel"la, n. Etym: [NL., dim. of LL. variola smallpox.] (Med.)
Defn: Chicken pox.
VARICES Var"i*ces, n. pl.
Defn: See Varix.
VARICIFORM Va*ric"i*form, a. Etym: [Varix + -form.] (Med.)
Defn: Resembling a varix.
VARICOCELE Var"i*co*cele, n. Etym: [Varix a dilated vein + Gr. varicocèle.] (Med.)
Defn: A varicose enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord; also, a like enlargement of the veins of the scrotum.
VARICOSE Var"i*cose`, a. Etym: [L. varicosus, from varix, -icis, a dilated vein; cf. varus bent, stretched, crooked.]
1. Irregularly swollen or enlarged; affected with, or containing, varices, or varicosities; of or pertaining to varices, or varicosities; as, a varicose nerve fiber; a varicose vein; varicose ulcers.
2. (Med.)
Defn: Intended for the treatment of varicose veins; -- said of elastic stockings, bandages. and the like.
VARICOSIS Var`i*cos"is, n. [NL. See Varix, and -osis.] (Med.)
Defn: The formation of varices; varicosity.
VARICOSITY Var`i*cos"i*ty, n.
1. The quality or state of being varicose.
2. An enlargement or swelling in a vessel, fiber, or the like; a varix; as, the varicosities of nerve fibers.
VARICOTOMY Var`i*cot"o*my, n. [See Varix; -tomy.] (Surg.)
Defn: Excision of a varicosity.
VARICOUS Var"i*cous, a.
Defn: Varicose. [Obs.]
VARIED Va"ried, a.
Defn: Changed; altered; various; diversified; as, a varied experience; varied interests; varied scenery. -- Va"ried*ly, adv. The varied fields of science, ever new. Cowper.
VARIEGATE Va"ri*e*gate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Variegated; p. pr. & vb. n. Variegating.] Etym: [L. variegatus, p. p. of variegare to variegate; varius various + agere to move, make. See Various, and Agent.]
Defn: To diversify in external appearance; to mark with different colors; to dapple; to streak; as, to variegate a floor with marble of different colors. The shells are filled with a white spar, which variegates and adds to the beauty of the stone. Woodward.
VARIEGATED Va"ri*e*ga`ted, a.
Defn: Having marks or patches of different colors; as, variegated leaves, or flowers. Ladies like variegated tulips show. Pope.
VARIEGATION Va`ri*e*ga"tion, n.
Defn: The act of variegating or diversifying, or the state of being diversified, by different colors; diversity of colors.
VARIER Va"ri*er, n. Etym: [From Vary.]
Defn: A wanderer; one who strays in search of variety. [Poetic] Pious variers from the church. Tennyson.
VARIETAL Va*ri"e*tal, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to a variety; characterizing a variety; constituting a variety, in distinction from an individual or species. Perplexed in determining what differences to consider as specific, and what as varietal. Darwin.
VARIETAS Va*ri"e*tas, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: A variety; -- used in giving scientific names, and often abbreviated to var.
VARIETY Va*ri"e*ty, n.; pl. Varieties. Etym: [L. varietas: cf. F. variété. See Various.]
1. The quality or state of being various; intermixture or succession of different things; diversity; multifariousness. Variety is nothing else but a continued novelty. South. The variety of colors depends upon the composition of light. Sir I. Newton. For earth this variety from heaven. Milton. There is a variety in the tempers of good men. Atterbury.
2. That which is various. Specifically: -- (a) A number or collection of different things; a varied assortment; as, a variety of cottons and silks. He . . . wants more time to do that variety of good which his soul thirsts after. Law.
(b) Something varying or differing from others of the same general kind; one of a number of things that are akin; a sort; as, varieties of wood, land, rocks, etc. (c) (Biol.) An individual, or group of individuals, of a species differing from the rest in some one or more of the characteristics typical of the species, and capable either of perpetuating itself for a period, or of being perpetuated by artificial means; hence, a subdivision, or peculiar form, of a species.
Note: Varieties usually differ from species in that any two, however unlike, will generally propagate indefinitely (unless they are in their nature unfertile, as some varieties of rose and other cultivated plants); in being a result of climate, food, or other extrinsic conditions or influences, but generally by a sudden, rather than a gradual, development; and in tending in many cases to lose their distinctive peculiarities when the individuals are left to a state of nature, and especially if restored to the conditions that are natural to typical individuals of the species. Many varieties of domesticated animals and of cultivated plants have been directly produced by man. (d) In inorganic nature, one of those forms in which a species may occur, which differ in minor characteristics of structure, color, purity of composition, etc.
Note: These may be viewed as variations from the typical species in its most perfect and purest form, or, as is more commonly the case, all the forms, including the latter, may rank as Varieties. Thus, the sapphire is a blue variety, and the ruby a red variety, of corundum; again, calcite has many Varieties differing in form and structure, as Iceland spar, dogtooth spar, satin spar, and also others characterized by the presence of small quantities of magnesia, iron, manganese, etc. Still again, there are Varieties of granite differing in structure, as graphic granite, porphyritic granite, and other Varieties differing in composition, as albitic granite, hornblendic, or syenitic, granite, etc. Geographical variety (Biol.), a variety of any species which is coincident with a geographical region, and is usually dependent upon, or caused by, peculiarities of climate. -- Variety hybrid (Biol.), a cross between two individuals of different varieties of the same species; a mongrel.
Syn. -- Diversity; difference; kind. -- Variety, Diversity. A man has a variety of employments when he does many things which are not a mere repetition of the same act; he has a diversity of employments when the several acts performed are unlike each other, that is, diverse. In most cases, where there is variety there will be more or less of diversity, but not always. One who sells railroad tickets performs a great variety of acts in a day, while there is but little diversity in his employment. All sorts are here that all the earth yields! Variety without end. Milton. But see in all corporeal nature's scene, What changes, what diversities, have been! Blackmore.
VARIETY SHOW Variety show.
Defn: A stage entertainment of successive separate performances, usually songs, dances, acrobatic feats, dramatic sketches, exhibitions of trained animals, or any specialties. Often loosely called vaudeville show.
VARIFORM Va"ri*form, a. Etym: [L. varius various + -form.]
Defn: Having different shapes or forms.
VARIFORMED Va"ri*formed, a.
Defn: Formed with different shapes; having various forms; variform.
VARIFY Va"ri*fy, v. t. Etym: [L. varius various + -fly.]
Defn: To make different; to vary; to variegate. [R.] Sylvester.
VARIOLA Va*ri"o*la, n. Etym: [LL., fr. L. varius various. See Various.] (Med.)
Defn: The smallpox.
VARIOLAR Va*ri"o*lar, a. (Med.)
Defn: Variolous.
VARIOLATION Va`ri*o*la"tion, n. (Med.)
Defn: Inoculation with smallpox.
VARIOLE Va"ri*ole, n. [Cf. F. variole smallpox. See Variola.]
1. A foveola.
2. (Geol.) A spherule of a variolite.
VARIOLIC Va`ri*ol"ic, a. (Med.)
Defn: Variolous.
VARIOLITE Va"ri*o*lite, n. Etym: [L. varius various + -lite: cf. F. variolite.] (Geol.)
Defn: A kind of diorite or diabase containing imbedded whitish spherules, which give the rock a spotted appearance.
VARIOLITIC Va`ri*o*lit"ic, a. Etym: [From Variola.]
1. Thickly marked with small, round specks; spotted.
2. (Geol.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, variolite.
VARIOLOID Va"ri*o*loid, a. Etym: [Variola + -oid: cf. F. varioloïde.] (Med.)
Defn: Resembling smallpox; pertaining to the disease called varioloid.
VARIOLOID Va"ri*o*loid, n. Etym: [Cf. F. varioloïde. See Varioloid, a.] (Med.)
Defn: The smallpox as modified by previous inoculation or vaccination.
Note: It is almost always a milder disease than smallpox, and this circumstance, with its shorter duration, exhibits the salutary effects of previous vaccination or inoculation. Dunglison.
VARIOLOUS Va*ri"o*lous, a. Etym: [LL. variolosus, fr. variola the smallpox: cf. F. varioleux.] (Med.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the smallpox; having pits, or sunken impressions, like those of the smallpox; variolar; variolic.
VARIOMETER Va`ri*om"e*ter, n. [L. varius various + -meter.] (Elec.)
Defn: An instrument for comparing magnetic forces, esp. in the earth's magnetic field.
VARIORUM Va`ri*o"rum, a. Etym: [L., abbrev. fr. cum notis variorum with notes of various persons.]
Defn: Containing notes by different persons; -- applied to a publication; as, a variorum edition of a book.
VARIOUS Va"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. varius. Cf. Vair.]
1. Different; diverse; several; manifold; as, men of various names; various occupations; various colors. So many and so various laws are given. Milton. A wit as various, gay, grave, sage, or wild. Byron.
2. Changeable; uncertain; inconstant; variable. A man so various, that he seemed to be Not one, but all mankind's epitome. Dryden. The names of mixed modes . . . are very various. Locke.
3. Variegated; diversified; not monotonous. A happy rural seat of various view. Milton.
VARIOUSLY Va"ri*ous*ly, adv.
Defn: In various or different ways.
VARISCITE Var"is*cite, n. Etym: [So called from Variscia in Germany.] (Min.)
Defn: An apple-green mineral occurring in reniform masses. It is a hydrous phosphate of alumina.
VARISSE Va*risse", n. Etym: [Cf. F. varice varix. Cf. Varix.] (Far.)
Defn: An imperfection on the inside of the hind leg in horses, different from a curb, but at the same height, and frequently injuring the sale of the animal by growing to an unsightly size. Craig.
VARIX Va"rix, n.; pl. Varices. Etym: [L.]
1. (Med.)
Defn: A uneven, permanent dilatation of a vein.
Note: Varices are owing to local retardation of the venous circulation, and in some cases to relaxation of the parietes of the veins. They are very common in the superficial veins of the lower limbs. Dunglison.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: One of the prominent ridges or ribs extending across each of the whorls of certain univalve shells.
Note: The varices usually indicate stages of growth, each one showing a former position of the outer lip of the aperture.
VARK Vark, n. Etym: [D. varken a pig.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: The bush hog, or boshvark.
VARLET Var"let, n. Etym: [OF. varlet, vaslet, vallet, servant, young man, young noble, dim of vassal. See Vassal, and cf. Valet.]
1. A servant, especially to a knight; an attendant; a valet; a footman. [Obs.] Spenser. Tusser.
2. Hence, a low fellow; a scoundrel; a rascal; as, an impudent varlet. What a brazen-faced varlet art thou ! Shak.
3. In a pack of playing cards, the court card now called the knave, or jack. [Obs.]
VARLETRY Var"let*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. valeterie the young unmarried nobles.]
Defn: The rabble; the crowd; the mob. Shall they hoist me up, And show me to the shouting varletry Of censuring Rome. Shak.
VARNISH Var"nish, n. Etym: [OE. vernish, F. vernis, LL. vernicium; akin to F. vernir to varnish, fr. (assumed) LL. vitrinire to glaze, from LL. vitrinus glassy, fr. L. vitrum glass. See Vitreous.]
1. A viscid liquid, consisting of a solution of resinous matter in an oil or a volatile liquid, laid on work with a brush, or otherwise. When applied the varnish soon dries, either by evaporation or chemical action, and the resinous part forms thus a smooth, hard surface, with a beautiful gloss, capable of resisting, to a greater or less degree, the influences of air and moisture.
Note: According to the sorts of solvents employed, the ordinary kinds of varnish are divided into three classes: spirit, turpentine, and oil varnishes. Encyc. Brit
2. That which resembles varnish, either naturally or artificially; a glossy appearance. The varnish of the holly and ivy. Macaulay.
3. An artificial covering to give a fair appearance to any act or conduct; outside show; gloss. And set a double varnish on the fame The Frenchman gave you. Shak. Varnish tree (Bot.), a tree or shrub from the juice or resin of which varnish is made, as some species of the genus Rhus, especially R. vernicifera of Japan. The black varnish of Burmah is obtained from the Melanorrhoea usitatissima, a tall East Indian tree of the Cashew family. See Copal, and Mastic.
VARNISH Var"nish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Varnished; p. pr. & vb. n. Varnishing.] Etym: [Cf. F. vernir, vernisser. See Varnish, n.]
1. To lay varnish on; to cover with a liquid which produces, when dry, a hard, glossy surface; as, to varnish a table; to varnish a painting.
2. To cover or conceal with something that gives a fair appearance; to give a fair coloring to by words; to gloss over; to palliate; as, to varnish guilt. "Beauty doth varnish age." Shak. Close ambition, varnished o'er with zeal. Milton. Cato's voice was ne'er employed To clear the guilty and to varnish crimes. Addison.
VARNISHER Var"nish*er, n.
1. One who varnishes; one whose occupation is to varnish.
2. One who disguises or palliates; one who gives a fair external appearance. Pope.
VARNISHING Var"nish*ing, n.
Defn: The act of laying on varnish; also, materials for varnish.
VARSITY Var"si*ty, n.
Defn: Colloq. contr. of University.
VARSOVIENNE Var`so`vienne", n. [F., prop. fem. of varsovien pertaining to Warsaw, fr. Varsovie Warsaw, Pol. Warszawa.] (a) A kind of Polish dance. (b) Music for such a dance or having its slow triple time characteristic strong accent beginning every second measure.
VARTABED Var"ta*bed, n. Etym: [Armen., a doctor, master, preceptor.] (Eccl.)
Defn: A doctor or teacher in the Armenian church. Members of this order of ecclesiastics frequently have charge of dioceses, with episcopal functions.
VARUNA Va*ru"na, n. Etym: [Skr. Varua.] (Hindoo Myth.)
Defn: The god of the waters; the Indian Neptune. He is regarded as regent of the west, and lord of punishment, and is represented as riding on a sea monster, holding in his hand a snaky cord or noose with which to bind offenders, under water.
VARUS Va"rus, n. [NL., fr. L., bent, grown inwards.] (Med.)
Defn: A deformity in which the foot is turned inward. See Talipes.
VARVEL Var"vel, n. Etym: [F. vervelle.]
Defn: In falconry, one of the rings secured to the ends of the jesses. [Written also vervel.]
VARVELED Var"veled, a.
Defn: Having varvels, or rings. [Written also varvelled, and vervelled.]
Note: In heraldry, when the jesses attached to the legs of hawks hang loose, or have pendent ends with rings at the tips, the blazon is a hawk (or a hawk's leg) jessed and varveled.
VARY Va"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Varied; p. pr. & vb. n. Varying.] Etym: [OE. varien, F. varier, L. variare, fr. varius various. See Various, and cf. Variate.]
1. To change the aspect of; to alter in form, appearance, substance, position, or the like; to make different by a partial change; to modify; as, to vary the properties, proportions, or nature of a thing; to vary a posture or an attitude; to vary one's dress or opinions. Shall we vary our device at will, Even as new occasion appears Spenser.
2. To change to something else; to transmute; to exchange; to alternate. Gods, that never change their state, Vary oft their love and hate. Waller. We are to vary the customs according to the time and country where the scene of action lies. Dryden.
3. To make of different kinds; to make different from one another; to diversity; to variegate. God hath varied their inclinations. Sir T. Browne. God hath here Varied his bounty so with new delights. Milton.
4. (Mus.)
Defn: To embellish; to change fancifully; to present under new aspects, as of form, key, measure, etc. See Variation, 4.
VARY Va"ry, v. i.
1. To alter, or be altered, in any manner; to suffer a partial change; to become different; to be modified; as, colors vary in different lights. That each from other differs, first confess; Next, that he varies from himself no less. Pope.
2. To differ, or be different; to be unlike or diverse; as, the laws of France vary from those of England.
3. To alter or change in succession; to alternate; as, one mathematical quantity varies inversely as another. While fear and anger, with alternate grace, Pant in her breast, and vary in her face. Addison.
4. To deviate; to depart; to swerve; -- followed by from; as, to vary from the law, or from reason. Locke.
5. To disagree; to be at variance or in dissension; as, men vary in opinion. The rich jewel which we vary for. Webster (1623).
VARY Va"ry, n.
Defn: Alteration; change. [Obs.] Shak.
VARYING Va"ry*ing,
Defn: a. & n. from Vary. Varying hare (Zoöl.), any hare or rabbit which becomes white in winter, especially the common hare of the Northern United States and Canada.
VAS Vas, n.; pl. Vasa. Etym: [L., a vessel. See Vase.] (Anat.)
Defn: A vessel; a duct. Vas deferens; pl. Vasa deferentia. Etym: [L. vas vessel + deferens carrying down.] (Anat.) The excretory duct of a testicle; a spermatic duct.
VASCULAR Vas"cu*lar, a. Etym: [L. vasculum a small vessel, dim. of vas vessel: cf. F. vasculaire. See Vase, and cf. Vessel.]
1. (Biol.) (a) Consisting of, or containing, vessels as an essential part of a structure; full of vessels; specifically (Bot.), pertaining to, or containing, special ducts, or tubes, for the circulation of sap. (b) Operating by means of, or made up of an arrangement of, vessels; as, the vascular system in animals, including the arteries, veins, capillaries, lacteals, etc. (c) Of or pertaining to the vessels of animal and vegetable bodies; as, the vascular functions.
2. (Bot.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the higher division of plants, that is, the phænogamous plants, all of which are vascular, in distinction from the cryptogams, which to a large extent are cellular only. Vascular plants (Bot.), plants composed in part of vascular tissue, as all flowering plants and the higher cryptogamous plants, or those of the class Pteridophyta. Cf. Cellular plants, Cellular. -- Vascular system (Bot.), the body of associated ducts and woody fiber; the fibrovascular part of plants. -- Vascular tissue (Bot.), vegetable tissue composed partly of ducts, or sap tubes. -- Water vascular system (Zoöl.), a system of vessels in annelids, nemerteans, and many other invertebrates, containing a circulating fluid analogous to blood, but not of the same composition. In annelids the fluid which they contain is usually red, but in some it is green, in others yellow, or whitish.
VASCULARITY Vas`cu*lar"i*ty, n.; pl. Vascularities (. (Biol.)
Defn: The quality or state of being vascular.
VASCULOSE Vas"cu*lose`, n. (Bot.)
Defn: One of the substances of which vegetable tissue is composed, differing from cellulose in its solubility in certain media.
VASCULUM Vas"cu*lum, n.; pl. Vascula. Etym: [L., a small vessel.]
1. (Bot.)
Defn: Same as Ascidium, n., 1.
2. A tin box, commonly cylindrical or flattened, used in collecting plants.
VASE Vase, n. Etym: [F. vase; cf. Sp. & It. vaso; fr. L. vas, vasum. Cf. Vascular, Vessel.]
1. A vessel adapted for various domestic purposes, and anciently for sacrificial used; especially, a vessel of antique or elegant pattern used for ornament; as, a porcelain vase; a gold vase; a Grecian vase. See Illust. of Portland vase, under Portland. No chargers then were wrought in burnished gold, Nor silver vases took the forming mold. Pope.
2. (Arch.) (a) A vessel similar to that described in the first definition above, or the representation of one in a solid block of stone, or the like, used for an ornament, as on a terrace or in a garden. See Illust. of Niche. (b) The body, or naked ground, of the Corinthian and Composite capital; -- called also tambour, and drum.
Note: Until the time of Walker (1791), vase was made to rhyme with base,, case, etc., and it is still commonly so pronounced in the United States. Walker made it to rhyme with phrase, maze, etc. Of modern English practice, Mr. A. J. Ellis (1874) says: "Vase has four pronunciations in English: vasz, which I most commonly say, is going out of use väz I hear most frequently, vaz very rarely, and vas I only know from Cull's marking. On the analogy of case, however, it should be the regular sound."
3. (Bot.)
Defn: The calyx of a plant.
VASE CLOCK Vase clock. (Art)
Defn: A clock whose decorative case has the general form of a vase, esp. one in which there is no ordinary dial, but in which a part of a vase revolves while a single stationary indicator serves as a hand.
VASECTOMY Vas*ec"to*my (vas*ek"to*my), n. [Vas + -ecmoty.] (Surg.)
Defn: Resection or excision of the vas deferens.
VASELINE Vas"e*line, n. Etym: [Said by the manufacturer to be derived from G. wasser water + Gr. 'e`laion olive oil.]
Defn: A yellowish translucent substance, almost odorless and tasteless, obtained as a residue in the purification of crude petroleum, and consisting essentially of a mixture of several of the higher members of the paraffin series. It is used as an unguent, and for various purposes in the arts. See the Note under Petrolatum. [Written also vaselin.]
VASE-SHAPED Vase"-shaped`, a.
Defn: Formed like a vase, or like a common flowerpot.
VASIFORM Vas"i*form, a. Etym: [L. vas a vessel + -form.] (Biol.)
Defn: Having the form of a vessel, or duct. Vasiform tissue (Bot.), tissue containing vessels, or ducts.
VASOCONSTRICTOR Vas`o*con*strict"or, a. (Physiol.)
Defn: Causing constriction of the blood vessels; as, the vasoconstrictor nerves, stimulation of which causes constriction of the blood vessels to which they go. These nerves are also called vasohypertonic. n.
Defn: A substance which causes constriction of the blood vessels. Such substances are used in medicine to raise blood pressure.
VASODENTINE Vas`o*den"tine, n. Etym: [L. vas a vessel + E. dentine.] (Anat.)
Defn: A modified form of dentine, which is permeated by blood capillaries; vascular dentine.
VASODILATOR Vas`o*di*lat"or, a.Etym: [L. vas a vessel + dilator.] (Physiol.)
Defn: Causing dilation or relaxation of the blood vessels; as, the vasodilator nerves, stimulation of which causes dilation of the blood vessels to which they go. These nerves are also called vaso- inhibitory, and vasohypotonic nerves, since their stimulation causes relaxation and rest.
VASOFORMATIVE Vas`o*form"a*tive, a. Etym: [L. vas a vessel + formative] (Physiol.)
Defn: Concerned in the development and formation of blood vessels and blood corpuscles; as, the vasoformative cells.
VASO-INHIBITORY Vas`o-in*hib"i*to*ry, a. (Physiol.)
Defn: See Vasodilator.
VASOMOTOR Vas`o*mo"tor, a. Etym: [L. vas a vessel + motor that which moves fr. movere to move.] (Physiol.)
Defn: Causing movement in the walls of vessels; as, the vasomotor mechanisms; the vasomotor nerves, a system of nerves distributed over the muscular coats of the blood vessels. Vasomotor center, the chief dominating or general center which supplies all the unstriped muscles of the arterial system with motor nerves, situated in a part of the medulla oblongata; a center of reflex action by the working of which afferent impulses are changed into efferent, -- vasomotor impulses leading either to dilation or constriction of the blood vessels.
VASSAL Vas"sal, n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. vassallus, vassus; of Celtic origin; cf. W. & Corn. gwas a youth, page, servant, Arm. gwaz a man, a male. Cf. Valet, Varlet, Vavasor.]
1. (Feud. Law)
Defn: The grantee of a fief, feud, or fee; one who holds land of superior, and who vows fidelity and homage to him; a feudatory; a feudal tenant. Burrill.
2. A subject; a dependent; a servant; a slave. "The vassals of his anger." Milton. Rear vassal, the vassal of a vassal; an arriere vassal.
VASSAL Vas"sal, a.
Defn: Resembling a vassal; slavish; servile. The sun and every vassal star. Keble.
VASSAL Vas"sal, v. t.
Defn: To treat as a vassal; to subject to control; to enslave. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.
VASSALAGE Vas"sal*age, n. Etym: [OE. vassalage, F. vasselage, LL. vassallaticum.]
1. The state of being a vassal, or feudatory.
2. Political servitude; dependence; subjection; slavery; as, the Greeks were held in vassalage by the Turks.
3. A territory held in vassalage. "The Countship of Foix, with six territorial vassalages." Milman.
4. Vassals, collectively; vassalry. [R.] Shak.
5. Valorous service, such as that performed by a vassal; valor; prowess; courage. [Obs.] Chaucer.
VASSALESS Vas"sal*ess, n.
Defn: A female vassal. [R.] Spenser.
VASSALRY Vas"sal*ry, n.
Defn: The body of vassals. [R.]
VAST Vast, a. [Compar. Vaster; superl. Vastest.] Etym: [L. vastus empty, waste, enormous, immense: cf. F. vaste. See Waste, and cf. Devastate.]
1. Waste; desert; desolate; lonely. [Obs.] The empty, vast, and wandering air. Shak.
2. Of great extent; very spacious or large; also, huge in bulk; immense; enormous; as, the vast ocean; vast mountains; the vast empire of Russia. Through the vast and boundless deep. Milton.
3. Very great in numbers, quantity, or amount; as, a vast army; a vast sum of money.
4. Very great in importance; as, a subject of vast concern.
Syn. -- Enormous; huge; immense; mighty.
VAST Vast, n.
Defn: A waste region; boundless space; immensity. "The watery vast." Pope. Michael bid sound The archangel trumpet. Through the vast of heaven It sounded. Milton.
VASTATION Vas*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. vastatio, fr. vastare to lay waste, fr. vastus empty, waste.]
Defn: A laying waste; waste; depopulation; devastation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.
VASTEL Vas"tel, n.
Defn: See Wastel. [Obs.] Fuller.
VASTIDITY Vas*tid"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. vastité, L. vastitas.]
Defn: Vastness; immensity. [Obs.] "All the world's vastidity." Shak.
VASTITUDE Vas"ti*tude, n. Etym: [L. vastitudo.]
1. Vastness; immense extent. [R.]
2. Destruction; vastation. [Obs.] Joye.
VASTITY Vast"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. vastitas.]
Defn: Vastness. [Obs.] The huge vastity of the world. Holland.
VASTLY Vast"ly, adv.
Defn: To a vast extent or degree; very greatly; immensely. Jer. Taylor.
VASTNESS Vast"ness, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being vast.
VASTY Vas"ty, a. Etym: [From Vast.]
Defn: Vast; immense. [R.] I can call spirits from the vasty deep. Shak.
VASUM Va"sum, n. Etym: [L., a vase. See Vase.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus including several species of large marine gastropods having massive pyriform shells, with conspicuous folds on the columella.
VAT Vat, n. Etym: [A dialectic form for fat, OE. fat, AS. fæt; akin to D.vat, OS. fat, G. fass, OHG. faz, Icel. & Sw. fat, Dan.fad, Lith. p a pot, and probably to G. fassen to seize, to contain, OHG. fazz, D. vatten. Cf. Fat a vat.]
1. A large vessel, cistern, or tub, especially one used for holding in an immature state, chemical preparations for dyeing, or for tanning, or for tanning leather, or the like. Let him produce his vase and tubs, in opposition to heaps of arms and standards. Addison.
2. A measure for liquids, and also a dry measure; especially, a liquid measure in Belgium and Holland, corresponding to the hectoliter of the metric system, which contains 22.01 imperial gallons, or 26.4 standard gallons in the United States.
Note: The old Dutch grain vat averaged 0.762 Winchester bushel. The old London coal vat contained 9 bushels. The solid-measurement vat of Amsterdam contains 40 cubic feet; the wine vat, 241.57 imperial gallons, and the vat for olive oil, 225.45 imperial gallons.
3. (Metal.) (a) A wooden tub for washing ores and mineral substances in. (b) A square, hollow place on the back of a calcining furnace, where tin ore is laid to dry.
4. (R. C. Ch.)
Defn: A vessel for holding holy water.
VAT Vat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vatted; p. pr. & vb. n. Vatting.]
Defn: To put or transfer into a vat.
VATFUL Vat"ful, n.; pl. Vatfuls (.
Defn: As much as a vat will hold; enough to fill a vat.
VATICAL Vat"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. vates a prophet.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to a prophet; prophetical. Bp. Hall.
VATICAN Vat"i*can, n. Etym: [L. Vaticanus, mons, or collis, Vaticanus, the Vatican hill, in Rome, on the western bank of the Tiber: cf. F. Vatican, It. Vaticano.]
Defn: A magnificent assemblage of buildings at Rome, near the church of St. Peter, including the pope's palace, a museum, a library, a famous chapel, etc.
Note: The word is often used to indicate the papal authority. Thunders of the Vatican, the anathemas, or denunciations, of the pope.
VATICAN COUNCIL Vat"i*can Coun"cil. (R. C. Ch.)
Defn: The council held under Pope Pius IX. in Vatican at Rome, in 1870, which promulgated the dogma of papal infallibility.
VATICANISM Vat"i*can*ism, n.
Defn: The doctrine of papal supremacy; extreme views in support of the authority of the pope; ultramontanism; -- a term used only by persons who are not Roman Catholics.
VATICANIST Vat"i*can*ist, n.
Defn: One who strongly adheres to the papal authority; an ultramontanist.
VATICIDE Vat"i*cide, n. Etym: [L. vates a prophet + caedere to kill.]
Defn: The murder, or the murderer, of a prophet. "The caitiff vaticide." Pope.
VATICINAL Va*tic"i*nal, a. Etym: [See Vaticinate.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to prophecy; prophetic. T. Warton.
VATICINATE Va*tic"i*nate, v. i. & t. Etym: [L. vaticinatus, p. p. of vaticinari to prophesy, fr. vaticinus prophetical, fr. vates a prophet.]
Defn: To prophesy; to foretell; to practice prediction; to utter prophecies.
VATICINATION Va*tic`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. vaticinatio.]
Defn: Prediction; prophecy. It is not a false utterance; it is a true, though an impetuous, vaticination. I. Taylor.
VATICINATOR Va*tic"i*na`tor, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: One who vaticinates; a prophet.
VATICINE Vat"i*cine, n. Etym: [L. vaticinium.]
Defn: A prediction; a vaticination. [Obs.] Holinshed.
VAUDEVILLE Vaude"ville, n. Etym: [F., fr. Vau-de-vire, a village in Normandy, where Olivier Basselin, at the end of the 14th century, composed such songs.] [Written also vaudevil.]
1. A kind of song of a lively character, frequently embodying a satire on some person or event, sung to a familiar air in couplets with a refrain; a street song; a topical song.
2. A theatrical piece, usually a comedy, the dialogue of which is intermingled with light or satirical songs, set to familiar airs. The early vaudeville, which is the forerunner of the opera bouffe, was light, graceful, and piquant. Johnson's Cyc.
VAUDOIS Vau*dois, n. sing. & pl. [
1. An inhabitant, or the inhabitants, of the Swiss canton of Vaud.
2. A modern name of the Waldenses.
VAUDOUX Vau*doux", n. & a.
Defn: See Voodoo.
VAULT Vault, n. Etym: [OE. voute, OF. voute, volte, F. voûte, LL. volta, for voluta, volutio, fr. L. volvere, volutum, to roll, to turn about. See Voluble, and cf. Vault a leap, Volt a turn, Volute.]
1. (Arch.)
Defn: An arched structure of masonry, forming a ceiling or canopy. The long-drawn aisle and fretted vault. Gray.
2. An arched apartment; especially, a subterranean room, use for storing articles, for a prison, for interment, or the like; a cell; a cellar. "Charnel vaults." Milton. The silent vaults of death. Sandys. To banish rats that haunt our vault. Swift.
3. The canopy of heaven; the sky. That heaven's vault should crack. Shak.
4. Etym: [F. volte, It. volta, originally, a turn, and the same word as volta an arch. See the Etymology above.]
Defn: A leap or bound. Specifically: -- (a) (Man.) The bound or leap of a horse; a curvet. (b) A leap by aid of the hands, or of a pole, springboard, or the like.
Note: The l in this word was formerly often suppressed in pronunciation. Barrel, Cradle, Cylindrical, or Wagon, vault (Arch.), a kind of vault having two parallel abutments, and the same section or profile at all points. It may be rampant, as over a staircase (see Rampant vault, under Rampant), or curved in plan, as around the apse of a church. -- Coved vault. (Arch.) See under 1st Cove, v. t. -- Groined vault (Arch.), a vault having groins, that is, one in which different cylindrical surfaces intersect one another, as distinguished from a barrel, or wagon, vault. -- Rampant vault. (Arch.) See under Rampant. -- Ribbed vault (Arch.), a vault differing from others in having solid ribs which bear the weight of the vaulted surface. True Gothic vaults are of this character. -- Vault light, a partly glazed plate inserted in a pavement or ceiling to admit light to a vault below.
VAULT Vault, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Vaulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Vaulting.] Etym: [OE. vouten, OF. volter, vouter, F. voûter. See Vault an arch.]
1. To form with a vault, or to cover with a vault; to give the shape of an arch to; to arch; as, vault a roof; to vault a passage to a court. The shady arch that vaulted the broad green alley. Sir W. Scott.
2. Etym: [See Vault, v. i.]
Defn: To leap over; esp., to leap over by aid of the hands or a pole; as, to vault a fence. I will vault credit, and affect high pleasures. Webster (1623).
VAULT Vault, v. i. Etym: [Cf. OF. volter, F. voltiger, It. volt turn. See Vault, n., 4.]
1. To leap; to bound; to jump; to spring. Vaulting ambition, which o'erleaps itself. Shak. Leaning on his lance, he vaulted on a tree. Dryden. Lucan vaulted upon Pegasus with all the heat and intrepidity of youth. Addison.
2. To exhibit feats of tumbling or leaping; to tumble.
VAULTAGE Vault"age, n.
Defn: Vaulted work; also, a vaulted place; an arched cellar. [Obs.] Shak.
VAULTED Vault"ed, a.
1. Arched; concave; as, a vaulted roof.
2. Covered with an arch, or vault.
3. (Bot.)
Defn: Arched like the roof of the mouth, as the upper lip of many ringent flowers.
VAULTER Vault"er, n.
Defn: One who vaults; a leaper; a tumbler. B. Jonson.
VAULTING Vault"ing, n.
1. The act of constructing vaults; a vaulted construction.
2. Act of one who vaults or leaps.
VAULTY Vault"y, a.
Defn: Arched; concave. [Obs.] "The vaulty heaven." Shak.
VAUNCE Vaunce, v. i. Etym: [See Advance.]
Defn: To advance. [Obs.] Spenser.
VAUNT Vaunt, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Vaunted; p. pr. & vb. n. Vaunting.] Etym: [F. vanter, LL. vanitare, fr. L. vanus vain. See Vain.]
Defn: To boast; to make a vain display of one's own worth, attainments, decorations, or the like; to talk ostentatiously; to brag. Pride, which prompts a man to vaunt and overvalue what he is, does incline him to disvalue what he has. Gov. of Tongue.
VAUNT Vaunt, v. t.
Defn: To boast of; to make a vain display of; to display with ostentation. Charity vaunteth not itself, is not puffed up. 1 Cor. xiii. 4. My vanquisher, spoiled of his vaunted spoil. Milton.
VAUNT Vaunt, n.
Defn: A vain display of what one is, or has, or has done; ostentation from vanity; a boast; a brag. The spirits beneath, whom I seduced With other promises and other vaunts. Milton.
VAUNT Vaunt, n. Etym: [F. avant before, fore. See Avant, Vanguard.]
Defn: The first part. [Obs.] Shak.
VAUNT Vaunt, v. t. Etym: [See Avant, Advance.]
Defn: To put forward; to display. [Obs.] "Vaunted spear." Spenser. And what so else his person most may vaunt. Spenser.
VAUNT-COURIER Vaunt"-cou`ri*er, n.
Defn: See Van-courier. [Obs.] Shak.
VAUNTER Vaunt"er, n.
Defn: One who vaunts; a boaster.
VAUNTFUL Vaunt"ful, a.
Defn: Given to vaunting or boasting; vainly ostentatious; boastful; vainglorious.
VAUNTINGLY Vaunt"ing*ly, adv.
Defn: In a vaunting manner.
VAUNTMURE Vaunt"mure`, n. Etym: [F. avant-mur. See Vanguard, and Mure.] (Fort.)
Defn: A false wall; a work raised in front of the main wall. [Written also vaimure, and vamure.] Camden.
VAUQUELINITE Vauque"lin*ite, n. Etym: [So called after the French chemist Vauquelin, who died in 1829: cf. F. vauquelinite.] (Min.)
Defn: Chromate of copper and lead, of various shades of green.
VAUT Vaut, v. i.
Defn: To vault; to leap. [Obs.] Spenser.
VAUT Vaut, n.
Defn: A vault; a leap. [Obs.] Spenser.
VAUTY Vaut"y, a.
Defn: Vaulted. "The haughty vauty welkin." [Obs.] Taylor (1611).
VAVASOR Vav"a*sor, n. Etym: [OE. vavasour, OF. vavassor, vavassour, F. vavasseur, LL. vavassor, probably contr. from vassus vassorum vassal of the vassals. See Vassal.] (Feud. Law)
Defn: The vassal or tenant of a baron; one who held under a baron, and who also had tenants under him; one in dignity next to a baron; a title of dignity next to a baron. Burrill. "A worthy vavasour." Chaucer. [Also written vavasour, vavassor, valvasor, etc.] Vavasours subdivide again to vassals, exchanging land and cattle, human or otherwise, against fealty. Motley.
VAVASORY Vav"a*so*ry, n. Etym: [F. vavassorie.] (Feud. Law)
Defn: The quality or tenure of the fee held by a vavasor; also, the lands held by a vavasor.
VAWARD Va"ward`, n. Etym: [For vanward, equivalent to vanguard. See Vanguard, Ward guard.]
Defn: The fore part; van. [Obs.] Since we have the vaward of the day. Shak.
VAZA PARROT Va"za par`rot. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of several species of parrots of the genus Coracopsis, native of Madagascar; -- called also vasa parrot.
VEADAR Ve"a*dar, n.
Defn: The thirteenth, or intercalary, month of the Jewish ecclesiastical calendar, which is added about every third year.
VEAL Veal, n.Etym: [OE. veel, OF. veel, F. veau, L. vitellus, dim. of vitulus a calf; akin to E. wether. See Wether, and cf. Vellum, Vituline.]
Defn: The flesh of a calf when killed and used for food.
VECTION Vec"tion, n. Etym: [L. vectio, from vehere, vectum, to carry.]
Defn: Vectitation. [Obs.]
VECTITATION Vec`ti*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. vectitatus bornve, v. intens. fr. vehere, vectum, to carry.]
Defn: The act of carrying, or state of being carried. [Obs.]
VECTOR Vec"tor, n. Etym: [L., a bearer, carrier. fr. vehere, vectum, to carry.]
1. Same as Radius vector.
2. (Math.)
Defn: A directed quantity, as a straight line, a force, or a velocity. Vectors are said to be equal when their directions are the same their magnitudes equal. Cf. Scalar.
Note: In a triangle, either side is the vector sum of the other two sides taken in proper order; the process finding the vector sum of two or more vectors is vector addition (see under Addition).
VECTURE Vec"ture, n. Etym: [L. vectura, from vehere, vectum, to carry. Cf. Vettura, Voiture.]
Defn: The act of carrying; conveyance; carriage. [Obs.] Bacon.
VEDA Ve"da, n. Etym: [Skr. v, properly, knowledge, from vid to know. See Wit.]
Defn: The ancient sacred literature of the Hindoos; also, one of the four collections, called Rig-Veda, Yajur-Veda, Sama-Veda, and Atharva-Veda, constituting the most ancient portions of that literature.
Note: The language of the Vedas is usually called Vedic Sanskrit, as distinguished from the later and more settled form called classical Sanskrit.
VEDANTA Ve*dan"ta, n. Etym: [Skr. V.]
Defn: A system of philosophy among the Hindoos, founded on scattered texts of the Vedas, and thence termed the "Anta," or end or substance. Balfour (Cyc. of India.)
VEDANTIC Ve*dan"tic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Vedas.
VEDANTIST Ve*dan"tist, n.
Defn: One versed in the doctrines of the Vedantas.
VEDETTE Ve*dette", n. Etym: [F. vedette, It. vedetta, for veletta (influenced by vedere to see, L. videre), from It. veglia watch, L. vigilia. See Vigil.]
Defn: A sentinel, usually on horseback, stationed on the outpost of an army, to watch an enemy and give notice of danger; a vidette.
VEDRO Ve"dro, n. Etym: [Russ.]
Defn: A Russian liquid measure, equal to 3.249 gallons of U.S. standard measure, or 2.706 imperial gallons. McElrath.
VEER Veer, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Veered; p. pr. & vb. n. Veering.] Etym: [F. virer (cf. Sp. virar, birar), LL. virare; perhaps fr. L. vibrare to brandish, vibrate (cf. Vibrate); or cf. L. viriae armlets, bracelets, viriola a little bracelet (cf. Ferrule). Cf. Environ.]
Defn: To change direction; to turn; to shift; as, wind veers to the west or north. "His veering gait." Wordsworth. And as he leads, the following navy veers. Dryden. an ordinary community which is hostile or friendly as passion or as interest may veer about. Burke. To veer and haul (Naut.), to vary the course or direction; -- said of the wind, which veers aft and hauls forward. The wind is also said to veer when it shifts with the sun.
VEER Veer, v. t.
Defn: To direct to a different course; to turn; to wear; as, to veer, or wear, a vessel. To veer and haul (Naut.), to pull tight and slacken alternately. Totten. -- To veer away or out (Naut.), to let out; to slacken and let run; to pay out; as, to veer away the cable; to veer out a rope.
VEERING Veer"ing, a.
Defn: Shifting. -- Veer"ing*ly, adv.
VEERY Veer"y, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: An American thrush (Turdus fuscescens) common in the Northern United States and Canada. It is light tawny brown above. The breast is pale buff, thickly spotted with brown. Called also Wilson's thrush. Sometimes I hear the veery's clarion. Thoreau.
VEGA Ve"ga, n. (Astron.) Etym: [Ar. w, properly, falling: cf. F. Wéga.]
Defn: A brilliant star of the first magnitude, the brightest of those constituting the constellation Lyra.
VEGETABILITY Veg`e*ta*bil"i*ty, n.
Defn: The quality or state of being vegetable. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.
VEGETABLE Veg`e*ta*ble, a. Etym: [F. végétable growing, capable of growing, formerly also, as a noun, a vegetable, from L. vegetabilis enlivening, from vegetare to enliven, invigorate, quicken, vegetus enlivened, vigorous, active, vegere to quicken, arouse, to be lively, akin to vigere to be lively, to thrive, vigil watchful, awake, and probably to E. wake, v. See Vigil, Wake, v.]
1. Of or pertaining to plants; having the nature of, or produced by, plants; as, a vegetable nature; vegetable growths, juices, etc. Blooming ambrosial fruit Of vegetable gold. Milton.
2. Consisting of, or comprising, plants; as, the vegetable kingdom. Vegetable alkali (Chem.), an alkaloid. -- Vegetable brimstone. (Bot.) See Vegetable sulphur, below. -- Vegetable butter (Bot.), a name of several kinds of concrete vegetable oil; as that produced by the Indian butter tree, the African shea tree, and the Pentadesma butyracea, a tree of the order Guttiferæ, also African. Still another kind is pressed from the seeds of cocoa (Theobroma). -- Vegetable flannel, a textile material, manufactured in Germany from pine-needle wool, a down or fiber obtained from the leaves of the Pinus sylvestris. -- Vegetable ivory. See Ivory nut, under Ivory. -- Vegetable jelly. See Pectin. -- Vegetable kingdom. (Nat. Hist.) See the last Phrase, below. --
Vegetable leather. (a) (Bot.) A shrubby West Indian spurge (Euphorbia punicea), with leathery foliage and crimson bracts. (b) See Vegetable leather, under Leather. -- Vegetable marrow (Bot.), an egg-shaped gourd, commonly eight to ten inches long. It is noted for the very tender quality of its flesh, and is a favorite culinary vegetable in England. It has been said to be of Persian origin, but is now thought to have been derived from a form of the American pumpkin. -- Vegetable oyster (Bot.), the oyster plant. See under Oyster. -- Vegetable parchment, papyrine. -- Vegetable sheep (Bot.), a white woolly plant (Raoulia eximia) of New Zealand, which grows in the form of large fleecy cushions on the mountains. -- Vegetable silk, a cottonlike, fibrous material obtained from the coating of the seeds of a Brazilian tree (Chorisia speciosa). It us used for various purposes, as for stuffing, and the like, but is incapable of being spun on account of a want of cohesion among the fibers. -- Vegetable sponge. See 1st Loof. -- Vegetable sulphur, the fine highly inflammable spores of the club moss (Lycopodium clavatum); witch. -- Vegetable tallow, a substance resembling tallow, obtained from various plants; as, Chinese vegetable tallow, obtained from the seeds of the tallow tree. Indian vegetable tallow is a name sometimes given to piney tallow. -- Vegetable wax, a waxy excretion on the leaves or fruits of certain plants, as the bayberry. Vegetable kingdom (Nat. Hist.), that primary division of living things which includes all plants. The classes of the vegetable kingdom have been grouped differently by various botanists. The following is one of the best of the many arrangements of the principal subdivisions. I. Phænogamia (called also Phanerogamia).
Defn: Plants having distinct flowers and true seeds. { 1. Dicotyledons (called also Exogens). -- Seeds with two or more cotyledons. Stems with the pith, woody fiber, and bark concentrically arranged. Divided into two subclasses: Angiosperms, having the woody fiber interspersed with dotted or annular ducts, and the seed contained in a true ovary; Gymnosperms, having few or no ducts in the woody fiber, and the seeds naked. 2. Monocotyledons (called also Endogens). -- Seeds with single cotyledon. Stems with slender bundles of woody fiber not concentrically arranged, and with no true bark.} II. Cryptogamia.
Defn: Plants without true flowers, and reproduced by minute spores of various kinds, or by simple cell division. { 1. Acrogens. -- Plants usually with distinct stems and leaves, existing in two alternate conditions, one of which is nonsexual and sporophoric, the other sexual and oöphoric. Divided into Vascular Acrogens, or Pteridophyta, having the sporophoric plant conspicuous and consisting partly of vascular tissue, as in Ferns, Lycopods, and Equiseta, and Cellular Acrogens, or Bryophyta, having the sexual plant most conspicuous, but destitute of vascular tissue, as in Mosses and Scale Mosses. 2. Thallogens. -- Plants without distinct stem and leaves, consisting of a simple or branched mass of cellular tissue, or educed to a single cell. Reproduction effected variously. Divided into Algæ, which contain chlorophyll or its equivalent, and which live upon air and water, and Fungi, which contain no chlorophyll, and live on organic matter. (Lichens are now believed to be fungi parasitic on included algæ.}