Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (part 25 of 60)

Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (part 25 of 60)

Defn: The quarters or place of residence of any chief officer, as the general in command of an army, or the head of a police force; the place from which orders or instructions are issued; hence, the center of authority or order. The brain, which is the headquarters, or office, of intelligence. Collier.

HEADRACE Head"race`, n.

Defn: See Race, a water course.

HEADROOM Head"room`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: See Headway, 2.

HEADROPE Head"rope`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: That part of a boltrope which is sewed to the upper edge or head of a sail.

HEADSAIL Head"sail`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: Any sail set forward of the foremast. Totten.

HEADSHAKE Head`shake`, n.

Defn: A significant shake of the head, commonly as a signal of denial. Shak.

HEADSHIP Head"ship, n.

Defn: Authority or dignity; chief place.

HEADSMAN Heads"man, n; pl. Headsmen (.

Defn: An executioner who cuts off heads. Dryden.

HEADSPRING Head"spring`, n.

Defn: Fountain; source. The headspring of our belief. Stapleton.

HEADSTALL Head"stall`, n.

Defn: That part of a bridle or halter which encompasses the head. Shak.

HEADSTOCK Head"stock`, n. (Mach.)

Defn: A part (usually separate from the bed or frame) for supporting some of the principal working parts of a machine; as: (a) The part of a lathe that holds the revolving spindle and its attachments; -- also called poppet head, the opposite corresponding part being called a tailstock. (b) The part of a planing machine that supports the cutter, etc.

HEADSTONE Head"stone`, n.

1. The principal stone in a foundation; the chief or corner stone. Ps. cxviii. 22.

2. The stone at the head of a grave.

HEADSTRONG Head"strong`, a.

1. Not easily restrained; ungovernable; obstinate; stubborn. Not let headstrong boy my will control. Dryden.

2. Directed by ungovernable will, or proceeding from obstinacy. Dryden.

Syn. -- Violent; obstinate; ungovernable; unratable; stubborn; unruly; venturesome; heady.

HEADSTRONGNESS Head"strong`ness, n.

Defn: Obstinacy. [R.] Gayton.

HEADTIRE Head"tire`, n.

1. A headdress. "A headtire of fine linen." 1 Edras iii. 6.

2. The manner of dressing the head, as at a particular time and place.

HEADWATER Head"wa`ter, n.

Defn: The source and upper part of a stream; -- commonly used in the plural; as, the headwaters of the Missouri.

HEADWAY Head"way`, n.

1. The progress made by a ship in motion; hence, progress or success of any kind.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: Clear space under an arch, girder, and the like, sufficient to allow of easy passing underneath.

HEADWORK Head"work`, n.

Defn: Mental labor.

HEADY Head"y, a. Etym: [From Head.]

1. Willful; rash; precipitate; hurried on by will or passion; ungovernable. All the talent required is to be hot, to be heady, -- to be violent on one side or the other. Sir W. Temple.

2. Apt to affect the head; intoxicating; strong. The liquor is too heady. Dryden.

3. Violent; impetuous. "A heady currance." Shak.

HEAL Heal, v. t. Etym: [See Hele.]

Defn: To cover, as a roof, with tiles, slate, lead, or the like. [Obs.]

HEAL Heal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Healed; p. pr. & vb. n. Healing.] Etym: [OE. helen, hælen, AS. hælan, fr. hal hale, sound, whole; akin to OS. helian, D. heelen, G. heilen, Goth. hailjan. See Whole.]

1. To make hale, sound, or whole; to cure of a disease, wound, or other derangement; to restore to soundness or health. Speak the word only, and my servant shall be healed. Matt. viii. 8.

2. To remove or subdue; to cause to pass away; to cure; -- said of a disease or a wound. I will heal their backsliding. Hos. xiv. 4.

3. To restore to original purity or integrity. Thus saith the Lord, I have healed these waters. 2 Kings ii. 21.

4. To reconcile, as a breach or difference; to make whole; to free from guilt; as, to heal dissensions.

HEAL Heal, v. i.

Defn: To grow sound; to return to a sound state; as, the limb heals, or the wound heals; -- sometimes with up or over; as, it will heal up, or over. Those wounds heal ill that men do give themselves. Shak.

HEAL Heal, n. Etym: [AS. h, h. See Heal, v. t.]

Defn: Health. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEALABLE Heal"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being healed.

HEALALL Heal"all`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A common herb of the Mint family (Brunela vulgaris), destitute of active properties, but anciently thought a panacea.

HEALD Heald, n. Etym: [CF. Heddle.]

Defn: A heddle. Ure.

HEALER Heal"er (hel"er), n.

Defn: One who, or that which, heals.

HEALFUL Heal"ful, a.

Defn: Tending or serving to heal; healing. [Obs.] Ecclus. xv. 3.

HEALING Heal"ing, a.

Defn: Tending to cure; soothing; mollifying; as, the healing art; a healing salve; healing words. Here healing dews and balms abound. Keble.

HEALINGLY Heal"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to heal or cure.

HEALTH Health, n. Etym: [OE. helthe, AS. hhal hale, sound, whole. See Whole.]

1. The state of being hale, sound, or whole, in body, mind, or soul; especially, the state of being free from physical disease or pain. There is no health in us. Book of Common Prayer. Though health may be enjoyed without gratitude, it can not be sported with without loss, or regained by courage. Buckminster.

2. A wish of health and happiness, as in pledging a person in a toast. "Come, love and health to all." Shak. Bill of health. See under Bill. -- Health lift, a machine for exercise, so arranged that a person lifts an increasing weight, or moves a spring of increasing tension, in such a manner that most of the muscles of the body are brought into gradual action; -- also called lifting machine. -- Health officer, one charged with the enforcement of the sanitary laws of a port or other place. -- To drink a health. See under Drink.

HEALTHFUL Health"ful, a.

1. Full of health; free from illness or disease; well; whole; sound; healthy; as, a healthful body or mind; a healthful plant.

2. Serving to promote health of body or mind; wholesome; salubrious; salutary; as, a healthful air, diet. The healthful Spirit of thy grace. Book of Common Prayer.

3. Indicating, characterized by, or resulting from, health or soundness; as, a healthful condition. A mind . . . healthful and so well-proportioned. Macaulay.

4. Well-disposed; favorable. [R.] Gave healthful welcome to their shipwrecked guests. Shak.

HEALTHFULLY Health"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: In health; wholesomely.

HEALTHFULNESS Health"ful*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being healthful.

HEALTHILY Health"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a healthy manner.

HEALTHINESS Health"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being healthy or healthful; freedom from disease.

HEALTHLESS Health"less, n.

1. Without health, whether of body or mind; in firm. "A healthless or old age." Jer. Taylor.

2. Not conducive to health; unwholesome. [R.]

HEALTHLESSNESS Health"less*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being health

HEALTHSOME Health"some, a.

Defn: Wholesome; salubrious. [R.] "Healthsome air." Shak.

HEALTHWARD Health"ward, a. & adv.

Defn: In the direction of health; as, a healthward tendency.

HEALTHY Health"y, a. [Compar. Healthier; superl. Healthiest.]

1. Being in a state of health; enjoying health; hale; sound; free from disease; as, a healthy chid; a healthy plant. His mind was now in a firm and healthy state. Macaulay.

2. Evincing health; as, a healthy pulse; a healthy complexion.

3. Conducive to health; wholesome; salubrious; salutary; as, a healthy exercise; a healthy climate.

Syn. -- Vigorous; sound; hale; salubrious; healthful; wholesome; salutary.

HEAM Heam, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. cidhamma womb, OD. hamme afterbirth, LG. hamen.]

Defn: The afterbirth or secundines of a beast.

HEAP Heap, n. Etym: [OE. heep, heap, heap, multitude, AS. heáp; akin to OS. h, D. hoop, OHG. houf, h, G. haufe, haufen, Sw. hop, Dan. hob., Icel. h troop, flock, Russ. kupa heap, crowd, Lith. kaupas. Cf. Hope, in Forlorn hope.]

1. A crowd; a throng; a multitude or great number of persons. [Now Low or Humorous] The wisdom of a heap of learned men. Chaucer. A heap of vassals and slaves. Bacon. He had heaps of friends. W.Black.

2. A great number or large quantity of things not placed in a pile. [Now Low or Humorous] A vast heap, both of places of scripture and quotations. Bp. Burnet. I have noticed a heap of things in my life. R. L. Stevenson.

3. A pile or mass; a collection of things laid in a body, or thrown together so as to form an elevation; as, a heap of earth or stones. Huge heaps of slain around the body rise. Dryden.

HEAP Heap, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heaped; p. pr. & vb. n. Heaping.] Etym: [AS. heápian.]

1. To collect in great quantity; to amass; to lay up; to accumulate; -- usually with up; as, to heap up treasures. Though he heap up silver as the dust. Job. xxvii. 16.

2. To throw or lay in a heap; to make a heap of; to pile; as, to heap stones; -- often with up; as, to heap up earth; or with on; as, to heap on wood or coal.

3. To form or round into a heap, as in measuring; to fill (a measure) more than even full.

HEAPER Heap"er, n.

Defn: One who heaps, piles, or amasses.

HEAPY Heap"y, a.

Defn: Lying in heaps. Gay.

HEAR Hear (, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heard; p. pr. & vb. n. Hearing.] Etym: [OE. heren, AS,. hiéran, hran, hran; akin to OS. h, OFries. hera, hora, D. hooren, OHG. h, G. hören, Icel. heyra, Sw: höra, Dan. hore, Goth. hausjan, and perh. to Gr. acoustic. Cf. Hark, Hearken.]

1. To perceive by the ear; to apprehend or take cognizance of by the ear; as, to hear sounds; to hear a voice; to hear one call. Lay thine ear close to the ground, and list if thou canst hear the tread of travelers. Shak. He had been heard to utter an ominous growl. Macaulay.

2. To give audience or attention to; to listen to; to heed; to accept the doctrines or advice of; to obey; to examine; to try in a judicial court; as, to hear a recitation; to hear a class; the case will be heard to-morrow.

3. To attend, or be present at, as hearer or worshiper; as, to hear a concert; to hear Mass.

4. To give attention to as a teacher or judge. Thy matters are good and right, but there is no man deputed of the king to hear thee. 2 Sam. xv. 3. I beseech your honor to hear me one single word. Shak.

5. To accede to the demand or wishes of; to listen to and answer favorably; to favor. I love the Lord, because he hath heard my voice. Ps. cxvi. 1. They think that they shall be heard for their much speaking. Matt. vi. 7. Hear him. See Remark, under Hear, v. i. -- To hear a bird sing, to receive private communication. [Colloq.] Shak. -- To hear say, to hear one say; to learn by common report; to receive by rumor. [Colloq.]

HEAR Hear, v. i.

1. To have the sense or faculty of perceiving sound. "The Hearing ear." Prov. xx. 12.

2. To use the power of perceiving sound; to perceive or apprehend by the ear; to attend; to listen. So spake our mother Eve, and Adam heard, Well pleased, but answered not. Milton.

3. To be informed by oral communication; to be told; to receive information by report or by letter. I have heard, sir, of such a man. Shak. I must hear from thee every day in the hour. Shak. To hear ill, to be blamed. [Obs.] Not only within his own camp, but also now at Rome, he heard ill for his temporizing and slow proceedings. Holland. -- To hear well, to be praised. [Obs.]

Note: Hear, or Hear him, is often used in the imperative, especially in the course of a speech in English assemblies, to call attention to the words of the speaker. Hear him, . . . a cry indicative, according to the tone, of admiration, acquiescence, indignation, or derision. Macaulay.

HEARD Heard,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Hear.

HEARER Hear"er, n.

Defn: One who hears; an auditor.

HEARING Hear"ing, n.

1. The act or power of perceiving sound; perception of sound; the faculty or sense by which sound is perceived; as, my hearing is good. I have heard of thee by the hearing of the ear. Job xlii. 5.

Note: Hearing in a special sensation, produced by stimEar.

2. Attention to what is delivered; opportunity to be heard; audience; as, I could not obtain a hearing.

3. A listening to facts and evidence, for the sake of adjudication; a session of a court for considering proofs and determining issues. His last offenses to us Shall have judicious hearing. Shak. Another hearing before some other court. Dryden.

Note: Hearing, as applied to equity cases, means the same thing that the word trial does at law. Abbot.

4. Extent within which sound may be heard; sound; earshot. "She's not within hearing." Shak. They laid him by the pleasant shore, And in the hearing of the wave. Tennyson.

HEARKEN Heark"en, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hearkened; p. pr. & vb. n. Hearkening.] Etym: [OE. hercnen, hercnien, AS. hercnian, heorcnian, fr. hiéran, h, to hear; akin to OD. harcken, horcken, LG. harken, horken, G. horchen. See Hear, and cf. Hark..]

1. To listen; to lend the ear; to attend to what is uttered; to give heed; to hear, in order to obey or comply. The Furies hearken, and their snakes uncurl. Dryden. Hearken, O Israel, unto the statutes and unto the judgments, which I teach you. Deut. iv. 1.

2. To inquire; to seek information. [Obs.] "Hearken after their offense." Shak.

Syn. -- To attend; listen; hear; heed. See Attend, v. i.

HEARKEN Heark"en, v. t.

1. To hear by listening. [Archaic] [She] hearkened now and then Some little whispering and soft groaning sound. Spenser.

2. To give heed to; to hear attentively. [Archaic] The King of Naples . . . hearkens my brother's suit. Shak. To hearken out, to search out. [Obs.] If you find none, you must hearken out a vein and buy. B. Johnson.

HEARKENER Heark"en*er, n.

Defn: One who hearkens; a listener.

HEARSAL Hear"sal, n.

Defn: Rehearsal. [Obs.] Spenser.

HEARSAY Hear"say`, n.

Defn: Report; rumor; fame; common talk; something heard from another. Much of the obloquy that has so long rested on the memory of our great national poet originated in frivolous hearsays of his life and conversation. Prof. Wilson. Hearsay evidence (Law), that species of testimony which consists in a a narration by one person of matters told him by another. It is, with a few exceptions, inadmissible as testimony. Abbott.

HEARSE Hearse, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: A hind in the year of its age. [Eng.] Wright.

HEARSE Hearse, n. Etym: [See Herse.]

1. A framework of wood or metal placed over the coffin or tomb of a deceased person, and covered with a pall; also, a temporary canopy bearing wax lights and set up in a church, under which the coffin was placed during the funeral ceremonies. [Obs.] Oxf. Gloss.

2. A grave, coffin, tomb, or sepulchral monument. [Archaic] "Underneath this marble hearse." B. Johnson. Beside the hearse a fruitful palm tree grows. Fairfax Who lies beneath this sculptured hearse. Longfellow.

3. A bier or handbarrow for conveying the dead to the grave. [Obs.] Set down, set down your honorable load, It honor may be shrouded in a hearse. Shak.

4. A carriage specially adapted or used for conveying the dead to the grave.

HEARSE Hearse, v. t.

Defn: To inclose in a hearse; to entomb. [Obs.] "Would she were hearsed at my foot." Shak.

HEARSECLOTH Hearse"cloth`, n.

Defn: A cloth for covering a coffin when on a bier; a pall. Bp. Sanderson.

HEARSELIKE Hearse"like", a.

Defn: Suitable to a funeral. If you listen to David's harp, you shall hear as many hearselike airs as carols. Bacon.

HEART Heart, n. Etym: [OE. harte, herte, heorte, AS. heorte; akin to OS. herta, OFies. hirte, D. hart, OHG. herza, G. herz, Icel. hjarta, Sw. hjerta, Goth. haírt, Lith. szirdis, Russ. serdtse, Ir. cridhe, L. cor, Gr. Accord, Discord, Cordial, 4th Core, Courage.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. Why does my blood thus muster to my heart! Shak.

Note: In adult mammals and birds, the heart is four-chambered, the right auricle and ventricle being completely separated from the left auricle and ventricle; and the blood flows from the systematic veins to the right auricle, thence to the right ventricle, from which it is forced to the lungs, then returned to the left auricle, thence passes to the left ventricle, from which it is driven into the systematic arteries. See Illust. under Aorta. In fishes there are but one auricle and one ventricle, the blood being pumped from the ventricle through the gills to the system, and thence returned to the auricle. In most amphibians and reptiles, the separation of the auricles is partial or complete, and in reptiles the ventricles also are separated more or less completely. The so-called lymph hearts, found in many amphibians, reptiles, and birds, are contractile sacs, which pump the lymph into the veins.

2. The seat of the affections or sensibilities, collectively or separately, as love, hate, joy, grief, courage, and the like; rarely, the seat of the understanding or will; -- usually in a good sense, when no epithet is expressed; the better or lovelier part of our nature; the spring of all our actions and purposes; the seat of moral life and character; the moral affections and character itself; the individual disposition and character; as, a good, tender, loving, bad, hard, or selfish heart. Hearts are dust, hearts' loves remain. Emerson.

3. The nearest the middle or center; the part most hidden and within; the inmost or most essential part of any body or system; the source of life and motion in any organization; the chief or vital portion; the center of activity, or of energetic or efficient action; as, the heart of a country, of a tree, etc. Exploits done in the heart of France. Shak. Peace subsisting at the heart Of endless agitation. Wordsworth.

4. Courage; courageous purpose; spirit. Eve, recovering heart, replied. Milton. The expelled nations take heart, and when they fly from one country invade another. Sir W. Temple.

5. Vigorous and efficient activity; power of fertile production; condition of the soil, whether good or bad. That the spent earth may gather heart again. Dryden.

6. That which resembles a heart in shape; especially, a roundish or oval figure or object having an obtuse point at one end, and at the other a corresponding indentation, -- used as a symbol or representative of the heart.

7. One of a series of playing cards, distinguished by the figure or figures of a heart; as, hearts are trumps.

8. Vital part; secret meaning; real intention. And then show you the heart of my message. Shak.

9. A term of affectionate or kindly and familiar address. "I speak to thee, my heart." Shak.

Note: Heart is used in many compounds, the most of which need no special explanation; as, heart-appalling, heart-breaking, heart- cheering, heart-chilled, heart-expanding, heart-free, heart-hardened, heart-heavy, heart-purifying, heart-searching, heart-sickening, heart-sinking, heart-stirring, heart-touching, heart-wearing, heart- whole, heart-wounding, heart-wringing, etc. After one's own heart, conforming with one's inmost approval and desire; as, a friend after my own heart. The Lord hath sought him a man after his own heart. 1 Sam. xiii. 14. -- At heart, in the inmost character or disposition; at bottom; really; as, he is at heart a good man. -- By heart, in the closest or most thorough manner; as, to know or learn by heart. "Composing songs, for fools to get by heart" (that is, to commit to memory, or to learn thoroughly). Pope. -- For my heart, for my life; if my life were at stake. [Obs.] "I could not get him for my heart to do it." Shak. -- Heart bond (Masonry), a bond in which no header stone stretches across the wall, but two headers meet in the middle, and their joint is covered by another stone laid header fashion. Knight. -- Heart and hand, with enthusiastic coöperation. -- Heart hardness, hardness of heart; callousness of feeling; moral insensibility. Shak. -- Heart heaviness, depression of spirits. Shak. -- Heart point (Her.), the fess point. See Escutcheon. -- Heart rising, a rising of the heart, as in opposition. -- Heart shell (Zoöl.), any marine, bivalve shell of the genus Cardium and allied genera, having a heart-shaped shell; esp., the European Isocardia cor; -- called also heart cockle. -- Heart sickness, extreme depression of spirits. -- Heart and soul, with the utmost earnestness. -- Heart urchin (Zoöl.), any heartshaped, spatangoid sea urchin. See Spatangoid. -- Heart wheel, a form of cam, shaped like a heart. See Cam. -- In good heart, in good courage; in good hope. -- Out of heart, discouraged. -- Poor heart, an exclamation of pity. -- To break the heart of. (a) To bring to despair or hopeless grief; to cause to be utterly cast down by sorrow. (b) To bring almost to completion; to finish very nearly; -- said of anything undertaken; as, he has broken the heart of the task. -- To find in the heart, to be willing or disposed. "I could find in my heart to ask your pardon." Sir P. Sidney. -- To have at heart, to desire (anything) earnestly. -- To have in the heart, to purpose; to design or intend to do. -- To have the heart in the mouth, to be much frightened. -- To lose heart, to become discouraged. -- To lose one's heart, to fall in love. -- To set the heart at rest, to put one's self at ease. -- To set the heart upon, to fix the desires on; to long for earnestly; to be very fond of. -- To take heart of grace, to take courage. -- To take to heart, to grieve over. -- To wear one's heart upon one's sleeve, to expose one's feelings or intentions; to be frank or impulsive. -- With all one's whole heart, very earnestly; fully; completely; devotedly.

HEART Heart, v. t.

Defn: To give heart to; to hearten; to encourage; to inspirit. [Obs.] My cause is hearted; thine hath no less reason. Shak.

HEART Heart, v. i.

Defn: To form a compact center or heart; as, a hearting cabbage.

HEARTACHE Heart"ache`, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. heortece.]

Defn: Sorrow; anguish of mind; mental pang. Shak.

HEARTBREAK Heart"break`, n.

Defn: Crushing sorrow or grief; a yielding to such grief. Shak.

HEARTBREAKING Heart"break`ing, a.

Defn: Causing overpowering sorrow.

HEARTBROKEN Heart"bro`ken, a.

Defn: Overcome by crushing sorrow; deeply grieved.

HEARTBURN Heart"burn`, n. (Med.)

Defn: An uneasy, burning sensation in the stomach, often attended with an inclination to vomit. It is sometimes idiopathic, but is often a symptom of often complaints.

HEARTBURNED Heart"burned`, a.

Defn: Having heartburn. Shak.

HEARTBURNING Heart"burn`ing, a.

Defn: Causing discontent.

HEARTBURNING Heart"burn`ing, n.

1. (Med.)

Defn: Same as Heartburn.

2. Discontent; secret enmity. Swift. The transaction did not fail to leave heartburnings. Palfrey.

HEARTDEAR Heart"dear`, a.

Defn: Sincerely beloved. [R.] Shak.

HEARTDEEP Heart"deep`, a.

Defn: Rooted in the heart. Herbert.

HEART-EATING Heart"-eat`ing, a.

Defn: Preying on the heart.

HEARTED Heart"ed, a.

1. Having a heart; having (such) a heart (regarded as the seat of the affections, disposition, or character).

2. Shaped like a heart; cordate. [R.] Landor.

3. Seated or laid up in the heart. I hate the Moor: my cause is hearted. Shak.

Note: This word is chiefly used in composition; as, hard-hearted, faint-hearted, kind-hearted, lion-hearted, stout-hearted, etc. Hence the nouns hard-heartedness, faint-heartedness, etc.

HEARTEDNESS Heart"ed*ness, n.

Defn: Earnestness; sincerity; heartiness. [R.] Clarendon.

Note: See also the Note under Hearted. The analysis of the compounds gives hard-hearted + -ness, rather than hard + heartedness, etc.

HEARTEN Heart"en, v. t. Etym: [From Heart.]

1. To encourage; to animate; to incite or stimulate the courage of; to embolden. Hearten those that fight in your defense. Shak.

2. To restore fertility or strength to, as to land.

HEARTENER Heart"en*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, heartens, animates, or stirs up. W. Browne.

HEARTFELT Heart"felt`, a.

Defn: Hearty; sincere.

HEARTGRIEF Heart"grief`, n.

Defn: Heartache; sorrow. Milton.

HEARTH Hearth, n. Etym: [OE. harthe, herth, herthe, AS. heor; akin to D. haard, heerd, Sw. härd, G. herd; cf. Goth. haúri a coal, Icel. hyrr embers, and L. cremare to burn.]

1. The pavement or floor of brick, stone, or metal in a chimney, on which a fire is made; the floor of a fireplace; also, a corresponding part of a stove. There was a fire on the hearth burning before him. Jer. xxxvi. 22. Where fires thou find'st unraked and hearths unswept. There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry. Shak.

2. The house itself, as the abode of comfort to its inmates and of hospitality to strangers; fireside.

3. (Metal. & Manuf.)

Defn: The floor of a furnace, on which the material to be heated lies, or the lowest part of a melting furnace, into which the melted material settles. Hearth ends (Metal.), fragments of lead ore ejected from the furnace by the blast. -- Hearth money, Hearth penny Etym: [AS. heoredhpening], a tax formerly laid in England on hearths, each hearth (in all houses paying the church and poor rates) being taxed at two shillings; -- called also chimney money, etc. He had been importuned by the common people to relieve them from the . . . burden of the hearth money. Macaulay.

HEARTHSTONE Hearth"stone`, n.

Defn: Stone forming the hearth; hence, the fireside; home. Chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone. A. Lincoln.

HEARTILY Heart"i*ly, adv. Etym: [From Hearty.]

1. From the heart; with all the heart; with sincerity. I heartily forgive them. Shak.

2. With zeal; actively; vigorously; willingly; cordially; as, he heartily assisted the prince. To eat heartily, to eat freely and with relish. Addison.

Syn. -- Sincerely; cordially; zealously; vigorously; actively; warmly; eagerly; ardently; earnestly.

HEARTINESS Heart"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being hearty; as, the heartiness of a greeting.

HEARTLESS Heart"less, a.

1. Without a heart. You have left me heartess; mine is in your bosom. J. Webster.

2. Destitute of courage; spiritless; despodent. Heartless they fought, and quitted soon their ground. Dryden. Heartless and melancholy. W. Irwing.

3. Destitute of feeling or affection; unsympathetic; cruel. "The heartless parasites." Byron. -- Heart"less*ly, adv. -- Heart"less*ness, n.

HEARTLET Heart"let, n..

Defn: A little heart.

HEARTLINGS Heart"lings, interj.

Defn: An exclamation used in addressing a familiar acquaintance. [Obs.] Shak.

HEARTPEA Heart"pea`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Heartseed.

HEARTQUAKE Heart"quake`, n.

Defn: Trembling of the heart; trepidation; fear. In many an hour of danger and heartquake. Hawthorne.

HEARTRENDING Heart"rend`ing, a.

Defn: Causing intense grief; overpowering with anguish; very distressing.

HEART-ROBBING Heart"-rob`bing, a.

1. Depriving of thought; ecstatic. "Heart-robbing gladness." Spenser.

2. Stealing the heart or affections; winning.

HEART'S-EASE Heart's"-ease`, n.

1. Ease of heart; peace or tranquillity of mind or feeling. Shak.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of violet (Viola tricolor); -- called also pansy.

HEARTSEED Heart"seed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A climbing plant of the genus Cardiospermum, having round seeds which are marked with a spot like a heart. Loudon.

HEARTSHAPED Heart"shaped` (, a.

Defn: Having the shape of a heart; cordate.

HEARTSICK Heart"sick`, a. Etym: [AS. heoriseóc.]

Defn: Sick at heart; extremely depressed in spirits; very despondent.

HEARTSOME Heart"some, a.

Defn: Merry; cheerful; lively. [Scot.]

HEART-SPOON Heart"-spoon`, n.

Defn: A part of the breastbone. [Obs.] He feeleth through the herte-spon the pricke. Chaucer.

HEARTSTRICKEN Heart"strick`en, a.

Defn: Shocked; dismayed.

HEARTSTRIKE Heart"strike`, v. t.

Defn: To affect at heart; to shock. [R.] "The seek to heartstrike us." B. Jonson.

HEARTSTRING Heart"string`, n.

Defn: A nerve or tendon, supposed to brace and sustain the heart. Shak. Sobbing, as if a hearstring broke. Moore.

HEARTSTRUCK Heart"struck`, a.

1. Driven to the heart; infixed in the mind. "His heartstruck injuries." Shak.

2. Shocked with pain, fear, or remorse; dismayed; heartstricken. Milton.

HEARTSWELLING Heart"swell`ing, a.

Defn: Rankling in, or swelling, the heart. "Heartswelling hate." Spenser.

HEART-WHOLE Heart"-whole`, a. Etym: [See Whole.]

1. Having the heart or affections free; not in love. Shak.

2. With unbroken courage; undismayed.

3. Of a single and sincere heart. If he keeps heart-whole towards his Master. Bunyan.

HEARTWOOD Heart"wood`, n.

Defn: The hard, central part of the trunk of a tree, consisting of the old and matured wood, and usually differing in color from the outer layers. It is technically known as duramen, and distinguished from the softer sapwood or alburnum.

HEART-WOUNDED Heart"-wound`ed, a.

Defn: Wounded to the heart with love or grief. Pope.

HEARTY Heart"y, a. [Compar. Heartier; superl. Heartiest.]

1. Pertaining to, or proceeding from, the heart; warm; cordial; bold; zealous; sincere; willing; also, energetic; active; eager; as, a hearty welcome; hearty in supporting the government. Full of hearty tears For our good father's loss. Marston.

2. Exhibiting strength; sound; healthy; firm; not weak; as, a hearty timber.

3. Promoting strength; nourishing; rich; abundant; as, hearty food; a hearty meal.

Syn. -- Sincere; real; unfeigned; undissembled; cordial; earnest; warm; zealous; ardent; eager; active; vigorous. -- Hearty, Cordial, Sincere. Hearty implies honesty and simplicity of feelings and manners; cordial refers to the warmth and liveliness with which the feelings are expressed; sincere implies that this expression corresponds to the real sentiments of the heart. A man should be hearty in his attachment to his friends, cordial in his reception of them to his house, and sincere in his offers to assist them.

HEARTY Heart"y, n.; pl. Hearties (.

Defn: Comrade; boon companion; good fellow; -- a term of familiar address and fellowship among sailors. Dickens.

HEARTYHALE Heart"y*hale`, a.

Defn: Good for the heart. [Obs.]

HEAT Heat, n. Etym: [OE. hete, hæte, AS. h, h, fr. hat hot; akin to OHG. heizi heat, Dan. hede, Sw. hetta. See Hot.]

1. A force in nature which is recognized in various effects, but especially in the phenomena of fusion and evaporation, and which, as manifested in fire, the sun's rays, mechanical action, chemical combination, etc., becomes directly known to us through the sense of feeling. In its nature heat is a mode if motion, being in general a form of molecular disturbance or vibration. It was formerly supposed to be a subtile, imponderable fluid, to which was given the name caloric.

Note: As affecting the human body, heat produces different sensations, which are called by different names, as heat or sensible heat, warmth, cold, etc., according to its degree or amount relatively to the normal temperature of the body.

2. The sensation caused by the force or influence of heat when excessive, or above that which is normal to the human body; the bodily feeling experienced on exposure to fire, the sun's rays, etc.; the reverse of cold.

3. High temperature, as distinguished from low temperature, or cold; as, the heat of summer and the cold of winter; heat of the skin or body in fever, etc. Else how had the world . . . Avoided pinching cold and scorching heat! Milton.

4. Indication of high temperature; appearance, condition, or color of a body, as indicating its temperature; redness; high color; flush; degree of temperature to which something is heated, as indicated by appearance, condition, or otherwise. It has raised . . . heats in their faces. Addison. The heats smiths take of their iron are a blood-red heat, a white- flame heat, and a sparking or welding heat. Moxon.

5. A single complete operation of heating, as at a forge or in a furnace; as, to make a horseshoe in a certain number of heats.

6. A violent action unintermitted; a single effort; a single course in a race that consists of two or more courses; as, he won two heats out of three. Many causes . . . for refreshment betwixt the heats. Dryden. [He] struck off at one heat the matchless tale of "Tam o'Shanter." J. C. Shairp.

7. Utmost violence; rage; vehemence; as, the heat of battle or party. "The heat of their division." Shak.

8. Agitation of mind; inflammation or excitement; exasperation. "The head and hurry of his rage." South.

9. Animation, as in discourse; ardor; fervency. With all the strength and heat of eloquence. Addison.

10. Sexual excitement in animals.

11. Fermentation. Animal heat, Blood heat, Capacity for heat, etc. See under Animal, Blood, etc. -- Atomic heat (Chem.), the product obtained by multiplying the atomic weight of any element by its specific heat. The atomic heat of all solid elements is nearly a constant, the mean value being 6.4. -- Dynamical theory of heat, that theory of heat which assumes it to be, not a peculiar kind of matter, but a peculiar motion of the ultimate particles of matter. Heat engine, any apparatus by which a heated substance, as a heated fluid, is made to perform work by giving motion to mechanism, as a hot-air engine, or a steam engine. -- Heat producers. (Physiol.) See under Food. -- Heat rays, a term formerly applied to the rays near the red end of the spectrum, whether within or beyond the visible spectrum. -- Heat weight (Mech.), the product of any quantity of heat by the mechanical equivalent of heat divided by the absolute temperature; -- called also thermodynamic function, and entropy. -- Mechanical equivalent of heat. See under Equivalent. -- Specific heat of a substance (at any temperature), the number of units of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of the substance at that temperature one degree. -- Unit of heat, the quantity of heat required to raise, by one degree, the temperature of a unit mass of water, initially at a certain standard temperature. The temperature usually employed is that of 0º Centigrade, or 32º Fahrenheit.

HEAT Heat, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heated; p. pr. & vb. n. Heating.] Etym: [OE. heten, AS. h, fr. hat hot. See Hot.]

1. To make hot; to communicate heat to, or cause to grow warm; as, to heat an oven or furnace, an iron, or the like. Heat me these irons hot. Shak.

2. To excite or make hot by action or emotion; to make feverish. Pray, walk softly; do not heat your blood. Shak.

3. To excite ardor in; to rouse to action; to excite to excess; to inflame, as the passions. A noble emulation heats your breast. Dryden.

HEAT Heat, v. i.

1. To grow warm or not by the action of fire or friction, etc., or the communication of heat; as, the iron or the water heats slow.

2. To grow warm or hot by fermentation, or the development of heat by chemical action; as, green hay heats in a mow, and manure in the dunghill.

HEAT Heat, Etym: imp. & p. p. of Heat.

Defn: Heated; as, the iron though heat red-hot. [Obs. or Archaic.] Shak.

HEATER Heat"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, heats.

2. Any contrivance or implement, as a furnace, stove, or other heated body or vessel, etc., used to impart heat to something, or to contain something to be heated. Feed heater. See under Feed.

HEATH Heath, n. Etym: [OE. heth waste land, the plant heath, AS. h; akin to D. & G. heide, Icel. hei waste land, Dan. hede, Sw. hed, Goth. haipi field, L. bucetum a cow pasture; cf. W. coed a wood, Skr. ksh field. sq. root20.]

1. (Bot.) (a) A low shrub (Erica, or Calluna, vulgaris), with minute evergreen leaves, and handsome clusters of pink flowers. It is used in Great Britain for brooms, thatch, beds for the poor, and for heating ovens. It is also called heather, and ling. (b) Also, any species of the genus Erica, of which several are European, and many more are South African, some of great beauty. See Illust. of Heather.

2. A place overgrown with heath; any cheerless tract of country overgrown with shrubs or coarse herbage. Their stately growth, though bare, Stands on the blasted heath. Milton Heath cock (Zoöl.), the blackcock. See Heath grouse (below). -- Heath grass (Bot.), a kind of perennial grass, of the genus Triodia (T. decumbens), growing on dry heaths. -- Heath grouse, or Heath game (Zoöl.), a European grouse (Tetrao tetrix), which inhabits heats; -- called also black game, black grouse, heath poult, heath fowl, moor fowl. The male is called, heath cock, and blackcock; the female, heath hen, and gray hen. -- Heath hen. (Zoöl.) See Heath grouse (above). -- Heath pea (bot.), a species of bitter vetch (Lathyris macrorhizus), the tubers of which are eaten, and in Scotland are used to flavor whisky. -- Heath throstle (Zoöl.), a European thrush which frequents heaths; the ring ouzel.

HEATHCLAD Heath"clad`, a.

Defn: Clad or crowned with heath.

HEATHEN Hea"then, n.; pl. Heathens or collectively Heathen. Etym: [OE. hethen, AS. h, prop. an adj. fr. h heath, and orig., therefore, one who lives in the country or on the heaths and in the woods (cf. pagan, fr. pagus village); akin to OS. h, adj., D. heiden a heathen, G. heide, OHG. heidan, Icel. hei, adj., Sw. heden, Goth. haipn, n. fem. See Heath, and cf. Hoiden.]

1. An individual of the pagan or unbelieving nations, or those which worship idols and do not acknowledge the true God; a pagan; an idolater.

2. An irreligious person. If it is no more than a moral discourse, he may preach it and they may hear it, and yet both continue unconverted heathens. V. Knox. The heathen, as the term is used in the Scriptures, all people except the Jews; now used of all people except Christians, Jews, and Mohammedans. Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance. Ps. ii. 8.

Syn. -- Pagan; gentile. See Pagan.

HEATHEN Hea"then, a.

1. Gentile; pagan; as, a heathen author. "The heathen philosopher." "All in gold, like heathen gods." Shak.

2. Barbarous; unenlightened; heathenish.

3. Irreligious; scoffing.

HEATHENDOM Hea"then*dom, n. Etym: [AS. hæedhendom.]

1. That part of the world where heathenism prevails; the heathen nations, considered collectively.

2. Heathenism. C. Kingsley.

HEATHENESSE Hea"then*esse, n. Etym: [AS. hæedhennes, i. e., heathenness.]

Defn: Heathendom. [Obs.] Chaucer. Sir W. Scott.

HEATHENISH Hea"then*ish, a. Etym: [AS. hæedhenisc.]

1. Of or pertaining to the heathen; resembling or characteristic of heathens. "Worse than heathenish crimes." Milton.

2. Rude; uncivilized; savage; cruel. South.

3. Irreligious; as, a heathenish way of living.

HEATHENISHLY Hea"then*ish"ly, adv.

Defn: In a heathenish manner.

HEATHENISHNESS Hea"then*ish*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being heathenish. "The . . . heathenishness and profaneness of most playbooks." Prynne.

HEATHENISM Hea"then*ism, n.

1. The religious system or rites of a heathen nation; idolatry; paganism.

2. The manners or morals usually prevalent in a heathen country; ignorance; rudeness; barbarism.

HEATHENIZE Hea"then*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heathenized; p. pr. & vb. n. Heathenizing.]

Defn: To render heathen or heathenish. Firmin.

HEATHENNESS Hea"then*ness, n. Etym: [Cf. Heathenesse.]

Defn: State of being heathen or like the heathen.

HEATHENRY Hea"then*ry, n.

1. The state, quality, or character of the heathen. Your heathenry and your laziness. C. Kingsley.

2. Heathendom; heathen nations.

HEATHER Heath"er (; 277. This is the only pronunciation in Scotland), n. Etym: [See Heath.]

Defn: Heath. [Scot.] Gorse and grass And heather, where his footsteps pass, The brighter seem. Longfellow. Heather bell (Bot.), one of the pretty subglobose flowers of two European kinds of heather (Erica Tetralix, and E. cinerea).

HEATHERY Heath"er*y, a.

Defn: Heathy; abounding in heather; of the nature of heath.

HEATHY Heath"y, a.

Defn: Full of heath; abounding with heath; as, heathy land; heathy hills. Sir W. Scott.

HEATING Heat"ing, a.

Defn: That heats or imparts heat; promoting warmth or heat; exciting action; stimulating; as, heating medicines or applications. Heating surface (Steam Boilers), the aggregate surface exposed to fire or to the heated products of combustion, esp. of all the plates or sheets that are exposed to water on their opposite surfaces; -- called also fire surface.

HEATINGLY Heat"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a heating manner; so as to make or become hot or heated.

HEATLESS Heat"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of heat; cold. Beau. & Fl.

HEAVE Heave, v. t. [imp. Heaved, or Hove (; p. p. Heaved, Hove, formerly Hoven (; p. pr. & vb. n. Heaving.] Etym: [OE. heven, hebben, As. hebban; akin to OS. hebbian, D. heffen, OHG. heffan, hevan, G. heven, Icel. häfva, Dan. hæve, Goth. hafjan, L. capere to take, seize; cf. Gr. Accept, Behoof, Capacious, Forceps, haft, Receipt.]

1. To cause to move upward or onward by a lifting effort; to lift; to raise; to hoist; -- often with up; as, the wave heaved the boat on land. One heaved ahigh, to be hurled down below. Shak.

Note: Heave, as now used, implies that the thing raised is heavy or hard to move; but formerly it was used in a less restricted sense. Here a little child I stand, Heaving up my either hand. Herrick.

2. To throw; to cast; -- obsolete, provincial, or colloquial, except in certain nautical phrases; as, to heave the lead; to heave the log.

3. To force from, or into, any position; to cause to move; also, to throw off; -- mostly used in certain nautical phrases; as, to heave the ship ahead.

4. To raise or force from the breast; to utter with effort; as, to heave a sigh. The wretched animal heaved forth such groans. Shak.

5. To cause to swell or rise, as the breast or bosom. The glittering, finny swarms That heave our friths, and crowd upon our shores. Thomson. To heave a cable short (Naut.), to haul in cable till the ship is almost perpendicularly above the anchor. -- To heave a ship ahead (Naut.), to warp her ahead when not under sail, as by means of cables. -- To heave a ship down (Naut.), to throw or lay her down on one side; to careen her. -- To heave a ship to (Naut.), to bring the ship's head to the wind, and stop her motion. -- To heave about (Naut.), to put about suddenly. -- To heave in (Naut.), to shorten (cable). -- To heave in stays (Naut.), to put a vessel on the other tack. -- To heave out a sail (Naut.), to unfurl it. -- To heave taut (Naut.), to turn a capstan, etc., till the rope becomes strained. See Taut, and Tight. -- To heave the lead (Naut.), to take soundings with lead and line. -- To heave the log. (Naut.) See Log. -- To heave up anchor (Naut.), to raise it from the bottom of the sea or elsewhere.

HEAVE Heave, v. i.

1. To be thrown up or raised; to rise upward, as a tower or mound. And the huge columns heave into the sky. Pope. Where heaves the turf in many a moldering heap. Gray. The heaving sods of Bunker Hill. E. Everett.

2. To rise and fall with alternate motions, as the lungs in heavy breathing, as waves in a heavy sea, as ships on the billows, as the earth when broken up by frost, etc.; to swell; to dilate; to expand; to distend; hence, to labor; to struggle. Frequent for breath his panting bosom heaves. Prior. The heaving plain of ocean. Byron.

3. To make an effort to raise, throw, or move anything; to strain to do something difficult. The Church of England had struggled and heaved at a reformation ever since Wyclif's days. Atterbury.

4. To make an effort to vomit; to retch; to vomit. To heave at. (a) To make an effort at. (b) To attack, to oppose. [Obs.] Fuller. -- To heave in sight (as a ship at sea), to come in sight; to appear. -- To heave up, to vomit. [Low]

HEAVE Heave, n.

1. An effort to raise something, as a weight, or one's self, or to move something heavy. After many strains and heaves He got up to his saddle eaves. Hudibras.

2. An upward motion; a rising; a swell or distention, as of the breast in difficult breathing, of the waves, of the earth in an earthquake, and the like. There's matter in these sighs, these profound heaves, You must translate. Shak. None could guess whether the next heave of the earthquake would settle . . . or swallow them. Dryden.

3. (Geol.)

Defn: A horizontal dislocation in a metallic lode, taking place at an intersection with another lode.

HEAVEN Heav"en, n. Etym: [OE. heven, hefen, heofen, AS. heofon; akin to OS. hevan, LG. heben, heven, Icel. hifinn; of uncertain origin, cf. D. hemel, G. himmel, Icel. himmin, Goth. himins; perh. akin to, or influenced by, the root of E. heave, or from a root signifying to cover, cf. Goth. gaham to put on, clothe one's self, G. hemd shirt, and perh. E. chemise.]

1. The expanse of space surrounding the earth; esp., that which seems to be over the earth like a great arch or dome; the firmament; the sky; the place where the sun, moon, and stars appear; -- often used in the plural in this sense. I never saw the heavens so dim by day. Shak. When my eyes shall be turned to behold for the last time the sun in heaven. D. Webster.

2. The dwelling place of the Deity; the abode of bliss; the place or state of the blessed after death. Unto the God of love, high heaven's King. Spenser. It is a knell That summons thee to heaven or to hell. Shak. New thoughts of God, new hopes of Heaven. Keble.

Note: In this general sense heaven and its corresponding words in other languages have as various definite interpretations as there are phases of religious belief.

3. The sovereign of heaven; God; also, the assembly of the blessed, collectively; -- used variously in this sense, as in No. 2. Her prayers, whom Heaven delights to hear. Shak. The will And high permission of all-ruling Heaven. Milton.

4. Any place of supreme happiness or great comfort; perfect felicity; bliss; a sublime or exalted condition; as, a heaven of delight. "A heaven of beauty." Shak. "The brightest heaven of invention." Shak. O bed! bed! delicious bed! That heaven upon earth to the weary head! Hood.

Note: Heaven is very often used, esp. with participles, in forming compound words, most of which need no special explanation; as, heaven-appeasing, heaven-aspiring, heaven-begot, heaven-born, heaven- bred, heaven-conducted, heaven-descended, heaven-directed, heaven- exalted, heaven-given, heaven-guided, heaven-inflicted, heaven- inspired, heaven-instructed, heaven-kissing, heaven-loved, heaven- moving, heaven-protected, heaven-taught, heaven-warring, and the like.

HEAVEN Heav"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heavened; p. pr. & vb. n. Heavening.]

Defn: To place in happiness or bliss, as if in heaven; to beatify. [R.] We are happy as the bird whose nest Is heavened in the hush of purple hills. G. Massey.

HEAVENIZE Heav"en*ize, v. t.

Defn: To render like heaven or fit for heaven. [R.] Bp. Hall.

HEAVENLINESS Heav"en*li*ness, n. Etym: [From Heavenly.]

Defn: The state or quality of being heavenly. Sir J. Davies.

HEAVENLY Heav"en*ly, a. Etym: [AS. heofonic.]

1. Pertaining to, resembling, or inhabiting heaven; celestial; not earthly; as, heavenly regions; heavenly music. As is the heavenly, such are they also that are heavenly. 1 Cor. xv. 48.

2. Appropriate to heaven in character or happiness; perfect; pure; supremely blessed; as, a heavenly race; the heavenly, throng. The love of heaven makes one heavenly. Sir P. Sidney.

HEAVENLY Heav"en*ly, adv.

1. In a manner resembling that of heaven. "She was heavenly true." Shak.

2. By the influence or agency of heaven. Out heavenly guided soul shall climb. Milton.

HEAVENLYMINDED; HEAVENLY-MINDED Heav"en*ly*mind`ed, Heav"en*ly-mind`ed, a.

Defn: Having the thoughts and affections placed on, or suitable for, heaven and heavenly objects; devout; godly; pious. Milner. -- Heav"en*ly*mind`ed*ness, n.

HEAVENWARD Heav"en*ward, a & adv.

Defn: Toward heaven.

HEAVE OFFERING Heave" of`fer*ing. (Jewish Antiq.)

Defn: An offering or oblation heaved up or elevated before the altar, as the shoulder of the peace offering. See Wave offering. Ex. xxix. 27.

HEAVER Heav"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, heaves or lifts; a laborer employed on docks in handling freight; as, a coal heaver.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A bar used as a lever. Totten.

HEAVES Heaves, n.

Defn: A disease of horses, characterized by difficult breathing, with heaving of the flank, wheezing, flatulency, and a peculiar cough; broken wind.

HEAVILY Heav"i*ly, adv. Etym: [From 2d Heavy.]

1. In a heavy manner; with great weight; as, to bear heavily on a thing; to be heavily loaded. Heavily interested in those schemes of emigration. The Century.

2. As if burdened with a great weight; slowly and laboriously; with difficulty; hence, in a slow, difficult, or suffering manner; sorrowfully. And took off their chariot wheels, that they drave them heavily. Ex. xiv. 25. Why looks your grace so heavily to-day Shak.

HEAVILY-TRAVELED; HEAVILY TRAVELED heavily-traveled, heavily traveled adj.

Defn: subject to much traffic or travel; as, the region's most heavily traveled highways. Syn. -- heavily traveled. [WordNet 1.5]

HEAVINESS Heav"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being heavy in its various senses; weight; sadness; sluggishness; oppression; thickness.

HEAVING Heav"ing, n.

Defn: A lifting or rising; a swell; a panting or deep sighing. Addison. Shak.

HEAVISOME Heav"i*some, a.

Defn: Heavy; dull. [Prov.]

HEAVY Heav"y, a.

Defn: Having the heaves.

HEAVY Heav"y, a. [Compar. Heavier; superl. Heaviest.] Etym: [OE. hevi, AS. hefig, fr. hebban to lift, heave; akin to OHG. hebig, hevig, Icel. höfigr, höfugr. See Heave.]

1. Heaved or lifted with labor; not light; weighty; ponderous; as, a heavy stone; hence, sometimes, large in extent, quantity, or effects; as, a heavy fall of rain or snow; a heavy failure; heavy business transactions, etc.; often implying strength; as, a heavy barrier; also, difficult to move; as, a heavy draught.

2. Not easy to bear; burdensome; oppressive; hard to endure or accomplish; hence, grievous, afflictive; as, heavy yokes, expenses, undertakings, trials, news, etc. The hand of the Lord was heavy upon them of Ashdod. 1 Sam. v. 6. The king himself hath a heavy reckoning to make. Shak. Sent hither to impart the heavy news. Wordsworth. Trust him not in matter of heavy consequence. Shak.

3. Laden with that which is weighty; encumbered; burdened; bowed down, either with an actual burden, or with care, grief, pain, disappointment. The heavy [sorrowing] nobles all in council were. Chapman. A light wife doth make a heavy husband. Shak.

4. Slow; sluggish; inactive; or lifeless, dull, inanimate, stupid; as, a heavy gait, looks, manners, style, and the like; a heavy writer or book. Whilst the heavy plowman snores. Shak. Of a heavy, dull, degenerate mind. Dryden. Neither [is] his ear heavy, that it can not hear. Is. lix. 1.

5. Strong; violent; forcible; as, a heavy sea, storm, cannonade, and the like.

6. Loud; deep; -- said of sound; as, heavy thunder. But, hark! that heavy sound breaks in once more. Byron.

7. Dark with clouds, or ready to rain; gloomy; -- said of the sky.

8. Impeding motion; cloggy; clayey; -- said of earth; as, a heavy road, soil, and the like.

9. Not raised or made light; as, heavy bread.

10. Not agreeable to, or suitable for, the stomach; not easily digested; -- said of food.

11. Having much body or strength; -- said of wines, or other liquors.

12. With child; pregnant. [R.] Heavy artillery. (Mil.) (a) Guns of great weight or large caliber, esp. siege, garrison, and seacoast guns. (b) Troops which serve heavy guns. -- Heavy cavalry. See under Cavalry. -- Heavy fire (Mil.), a continuous or destructive cannonading, or discharge of small arms. -- Heavy metal (Mil.), large guns carrying balls of a large size; also, large balls for such guns. -- Heavy metals. (Chem.) See under Metal. -- Heavy weight, in wrestling, boxing, etc., a term applied to the heaviest of the classes into which contestants are divided. Cf. Feather weight (c), under Feather.

Note: Heavy is used in composition to form many words which need no special explanation; as, heavy-built, heavy-browed, heavy-gaited, etc.

HEAVY Heav"y

Defn: , adv. Heavily; -- sometimes used in composition; as, heavy- laden.

HEAVY Heav"y, v. t.

Defn: To make heavy. [Obs.] Wyclif.

HEAVY-ARMED Heav"y-armed`, a. (Mil.)

Defn: Wearing heavy or complete armor; carrying heavy arms.

HEAVY-HADED Heav"y-had"ed, a.

Defn: Clumsy; awkward.

HEAVY-HEADED Heav"y-head"ed, a.

Defn: Dull; stupid. "Gross heavy-headed fellows." Beau. & Fl.

HEAVY SPAR Heav"y spar`. (Min.)

Defn: Native barium sulphate or barite, -- so called because of its high specific gravity as compared with other non-metallic minerals.

HEBDOMAD Heb"do*mad, n. Etym: [L. hebdomas, -adis, Gr. "ebdoma`s the number seven days, fr. Seven.]

Defn: A week; a period of seven days. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

HEBDOMADAL; HEBDOMADARY Heb*dom"a*dal, Heb*dom"a*da*ry, a. Etym: [L. hebdomadalis, LL. hebdomadarius: cf. F. hebdomadaire.]

Defn: Consisting of seven days, or occurring at intervals of seven days; weekly.

HEBDOMADALLY Heb*dom"a*dal*ly, adv.

Defn: In periods of seven days; weekly. Lowell.

HEBDOMADARY Heb*dom"a*da*ry, n. Etym: [LL. hebdomadarius: cf. F. hebdomadier.] (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A member of a chapter or convent, whose week it is to officiate in the choir, and perform other services, which, on extraordinary occasions, are performed by the superiors.

HEBDOMATICAL Heb`do*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. hebdomaticus, Gr.

Defn: Weekly; hebdomadal. [Obs.]

HEBE He"be, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. "h`bh youth, "H`bh Hebe.]

1. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: The goddess of youth, daughter of Jupiter and Juno. She was believed to have the power of restoring youth and beauty to those who had lost them.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An African ape; the hamadryas.

HEBEN Heb"en, n.

Defn: Ebony. [Obs.] Spenser.

HEBENON Heb"e*non, n.

Defn: See Henbane. [Obs.] Shak.

HEBETATE Heb"e*tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hebetated; p. pr. & vb. n. Hebetating.] Etym: [L. hebetatus, p. p. of hebetare to dull. See Hebete.]

Defn: To render obtuse; to dull; to blunt; to stupefy; as, to hebetate the intellectual faculties. Southey

HEBETATE Heb"e*tate, a.

1. Obtuse; dull.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a dull or blunt and soft point. Gray.

HEBETATION Heb`e*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. hebetatio: cf. F. hébétation.]

1. The act of making blunt, dull, or stupid.

2. The state of being blunted or dulled.

HEBETE He*bete", a. Etym: [L. hebes, hebetis, dull, stupid, fr. hebere to be dull.]

Defn: Dull; stupid. [Obs.]

HEBETUDE Heb"e*tude, n. Etym: [L. hebetudo.]

Defn: Dullness; stupidity. Harvey.

HEBRAIC He"bra"ic, a. Etym: [L. Hebraicus, Gr. hebraïque. See Hebrew.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hebrews, or to the language of the Hebrews.

HEBRAICALLY He*bra"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: After the manner of the Hebrews or of the Hebrew language.

HEBRAISM He"bra*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hébraïsme.]

1. A Hebrew idiom or custom; a peculiar expression or manner of speaking in the Hebrew language. Addison.

2. The type of character of the Hebrews. The governing idea of Hebraism is strictness of conscience. M. Arnold.

HEBRAIST He"bra*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hébraïste.]

Defn: One versed in the Hebrew language and learning.

HEBRAISTIC He`bra*is"tic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the Hebrew language or idiom.

HEBRAISTICALLY He`bra*is"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a Hebraistic sense or form. Which is Hebraistically used in the New Testament. Kitto.

HEBRAIZE He"bra*ize, v. t. Etym: [Gr. hébraïser.]

Defn: To convert into the Hebrew idiom; to make Hebrew or Hebraistic. J. R. Smith.

HEBRAIZE He"bra*ize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hebraized; p. pr. & vb. n. Hebraizing.]

Defn: To speak Hebrew, or to conform to the Hebrew idiom, or to Hebrew customs.

HEBREW He"brew, n. Etym: [F. Hébreu, L. Hebraeus, Gr. 'ibhri.]

1. An appellative of Abraham or of one of his descendants, esp. in the line of Jacob; an Israelite; a Jew. There came one that had escaped and told Abram the Hebrew. Gen. xiv. 13.

2. The language of the Hebrews; -- one of the Semitic family of languages.

HEBREW He"brew, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hebrews; as, the Hebrew language or rites.

HEBREW CALENDAR Hebrew calendar.

Defn: = Jewish calendar.

HEBREWESS He"brew*ess, n.

Defn: An Israelitish woman.

HEBRICIAN He*bri"cian, n.

Defn: A Hebraist. [R.]

HEBRIDEAN; HEBRIDIAN He*brid"e*an, He*brid"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the islands called Hebrides, west of Scotland. -- n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of the Hebrides.

HECATOMB Hec"a*tomb, n. Etym: [L. hecatombe, Gr. hécatombe.] (Antiq.)

Defn: A sacrifice of a hundred oxen or cattle at the same time; hence, the sacrifice or slaughter of any large number of victims. Slaughtered hecatombs around them bleed. Addison. More than a human hecatomb. Byron.

HECATOMPEDON Hec`a*tom"pe*don, n. Etym: [Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: A name given to the old Parthenon at Athens, because measuring 100 Greek feet, probably in the width across the stylobate.

HECDECANE Hec"de*cane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A white, semisolid, spermaceti-like hydrocarbon, C16H34, of the paraffin series, found dissolved as an important ingredient of kerosene, and so called because each molecule has sixteen atoms of carbon; -- called also hexadecane.

HECK Heck, n. Etym: [See Hatch a half door.] [Written also hack.]

1. The bolt or latch of a door. [Prov. Eng.]

2. A rack for cattle to feed at. [Prov. Eng.]

3. A door, especially one partly of latticework; -- called also heck door. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

4. A latticework contrivance for catching fish.

5. (Weaving)

Defn: An apparatus for separating the threads of warps into sets, as they are wound upon the reel from the bobbins, in a warping machine.

6. A bend or winding of a stream. [Prov. Eng.] Half heck, the lower half of a door. -- Heck board, the loose board at the bottom or back of a cart. -- Heck box or frame, that which carries the heck in warping.

HECKERISM Heck"er*ism, n. (R. C. Ch.) (a) The teaching of Isaac Thomas Hecker (1819-88), which interprets Catholicism as promoting human aspirations after liberty and truth, and as the religion best suited to the character and institutions of the American people. (b) Improperly, certain views or principles erroneously ascribed to Father Hecker in a French translation of Elliott's Life of Hecker. They were condemned as "Americanism" by the Pope, in a letter to Cardinal Gibbons, January 22, 1899.

HECKIMAL Heck"i*mal, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European blue titmouse (Parus coeruleus). [Written also heckimel, hackeymal, hackmall, hagmall, and hickmall.]

HECKLE Hec"kle, n. & v. t.

Defn: Same as Hackle.

HECTARE Hec"tare`, n. Etym: [F., fr. Gr. are an are.]

Defn: A measure of area, or superficies, containing a hundred ares, or 10,000 square meters, and equivalent to 2.471 acres.

HECTIC Hec"tic, a. Etym: [F. hectique, Gr. sah to overpower, endure; cf. AS. sige, sigor, victory, G. sieg, Goth. sigis. Cf. Scheme.]

1. Habitual; constitutional; pertaining especially to slow waste of animal tissue, as in consumption; as, a hectic type in disease; a hectic flush.

2. In a hectic condition; having hectic fever; consumptive; as, a hectic patient. Hectic fever (Med.), a fever of irritation and debility, occurring usually at a advanced stage of exhausting disease, as a in pulmonary consumption.

HECTIC Hec"tic, n.

1. (Med.)

Defn: Hectic fever.

2. A hectic flush. It is no living hue, but a strange hectic. Byron.

HECTOCOTYLIZED Hec`to*cot"y*lized, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Changed into a hectocotylus; having a hectocotylis.

HECTOCOTYLUS Hec`to*cot"y*lus, n.; pl. Hectocotyli. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the arms of the male of most kinds of cephalopods, which is specially modified in various ways to effect the fertilization of the eggs. In a special sense, the greatly modified arm of Argonauta and allied genera, which, after receiving the spermatophores, becomes detached from the male, and attaches itself to the female for reproductive purposes.

HECTOGRAM Hec"to*gram, n. Etym: [F. hectogramme, fr. Gr. gramme a gram.]

Defn: A measure of weight, containing a hundred grams, or about 3.527 ounces avoirdupois.

HECTOGRAMME Hec"to*gramme, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The same as Hectogram.

HECTOGRAPH Hec"to*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph.]

Defn: A contrivance for multiple copying, by means of a surface of gelatin softened with glycerin. [Written also hectograph.]

HECTOLITER; HECTOLITRE Hec"to*li`ter, Hec"to*li`tre, n. Etym: [F. hectolitre, fr. Gr. litre a liter.]

Defn: A measure of liquids, containing a hundred liters; equal to a tenth of a cubic meter, nearly 26

HECTOMETER; HECTOMETRE Hec"to*me`ter, Hec"to*me`tre, n. Etym: [F. hectomètre, fr. Gr. mètre a meter.]

Defn: A measure of length, equal to a hundred meters. It is equivalent to 328.09 feet.

HECTOR Hec"tor, n. Etym: [From the Trojan warrior Hector, the son of Priam.]

Defn: A bully; a blustering, turbulent, insolent, fellow; one who vexes or provokes.

HECTOR Hec"tor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hectored; p. pr. & vb. n. Hectoring.]

Defn: To treat with insolence; to threaten; to bully; hence, to torment by words; to tease; to taunt; to worry or irritate by bullying. Dryden.

HECTOR Hec"tor, v. i.

Defn: To play the bully; to bluster; to be turbulent or insolent. Swift.

HECTORISM Hec"to*rism, n.

Defn: The disposition or the practice of a hector; a bullying. [R.]

HECTORLY Hec"tor*ly, a.

Defn: Resembling a hector; blustering; insolent; taunting. "Hectorly, ruffianlike swaggering or huffing." Barrow.

HECTOSTERE Hec"to*stere, n. Etym: [F. hectostère; Gr. stère.]

Defn: A measure of solidity, containing one hundred cubic meters, and equivalent to 3531.66 English or 3531.05 United States cubic feet.

HEDDLE Hed"dle, n.; pl. Heddles. Etym: [Cf. Heald.] (Weaving)

Defn: One of the sets of parallel doubled threads which, with mounting, compose the harness employed to guide the warp threads to the lathe or batten in a loom.

HEDDLE Hed"dle, v. t.

Defn: To draw (the warp thread) through the heddle-eyes, in weaving.

HEDDLE-EYE Hed"dle-eye`, n. (Weaving)

Defn: The eye or loop formed in each heddle to receive a warp thread.

HEDDLING Hed"dling, vb. n.

Defn: The act of drawing the warp threads through the heddle-eyes of a weaver's harness; the harness itself. Knight.

HEDERACEOUS Hed`er*a"ceous, a. Etym: [L. hederaceus, fr. hedera ivy.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, ivy.

HEDERAL Hed"er*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to ivy.

HEDERIC He*der"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, the ivy (Hedera); as, hederic acid, an acid of the acetylene series.

HEDERIFEROUS Hed`er*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. hedera ivy + -ferous.]

Defn: Producing ivy; ivy-bearing.

HEDEROSE Hed"er*ose`, a. Etym: [L. hederosus, fr. hedera ivy.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or of, ivy; full of ivy.

HEDGE Hedge, n. Etym: [OE. hegge, AS. hecg; akin to haga an inclosure, E. haw, AS. hege hedge, E. haybote, D. hegge, OHG. hegga, G. hecke. sq. root12. See Haw a hedge.]

Defn: A thicket of bushes, usually thorn bushes; especially, such a thicket planted as a fence between any two portions of land; and also any sort of shrubbery, as evergreens, planted in a line or as a fence; particularly, such a thicket planted round a field to fence it, or in rows to separate the parts of a garden. The roughest berry on the rudest hedge. Shak. Through the verdant maze Of sweetbrier hedges I pursue my walk. Thomson.

Note: Hedge, when used adjectively or in composition, often means rustic, outlandish, illiterate, poor, or mean; as, hedge priest; hedgeborn, etc. Hedge bells, Hedge bindweed (Bot.), a climbing plant related to the morning-glory (Convolvulus sepium). -- Hedge bill, a long-handled billhook. -- Hedge garlic (Bot.), a plant of the genus Alliaria. See Garlic mustard, under Garlic. -- Hedge hyssop (Bot.), a bitter herb of the genus Gratiola, the leaves of which are emetic and purgative. -- Hedge marriage, a secret or clandestine marriage, especially one performed by a hedge priest. [Eng.] -- Hedge mustard (Bot.), a plant of the genus Sisymbrium, belonging to the Mustard family. -- Hedge nettle (Bot.), an herb, or under shrub, of the genus Stachys, belonging to the Mint family. It has a nettlelike appearance, though quite harmless. -- Hedge note. (a) The note of a hedge bird. (b) Low, contemptible writing. [Obs.] Dryden. -- Hedge priest, a poor, illiterate priest. Shak. -- Hedge school, an open-air school in the shelter of a hedge, in Ireland; a school for rustics. -- Hedge sparrow (Zoöl.), a European warbler (Accentor modularis) which frequents hedges. Its color is reddish brown, and ash; the wing coverts are tipped with white. Called also chanter, hedge warbler, dunnock, and doney. -- Hedge writer, an insignificant writer, or a writer of low, scurrilous stuff. [Obs.] Swift. -- To breast up a hedge. See under Breast. -- To hang in the hedge, to be at a standstill. "While the business of money hangs in the hedge." Pepys.

HEDGE Hedge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hedged; p. pr. & vb. n. Hedging.]

1. To inclose or separate with a hedge; to fence with a thickly set line or thicket of shrubs or small trees; as, to hedge a field or garden.

2. To obstruct, as a road, with a barrier; to hinder from progress or success; -- sometimes with up and out. I will hedge up thy way with thorns. Hos. ii. 6. Lollius Urbius . . . drew another wall . . . to hedge out incursions from the north. Milton.

3. To surround for defense; to guard; to protect; to hem (in). "England, hedged in with the main." Shak.

4. To surround so as to prevent escape. That is a law to hedge in the cuckoo. Locke. To hedge a bet, to bet upon both sides; that is, after having bet on one side, to bet also on the other, thus guarding against loss.

HEDGE Hedge, v. i.

1. To shelter one's self from danger, risk, duty, responsibility, etc., as if by hiding in or behind a hedge; to skulk; to slink; to shirk obligations. I myself sometimes, leaving the fear of God on the left hand and hiding mine honor in my necessity, am fain to shuffle, to hedge and to lurch. Shak.

2. (Betting)

Defn: To reduce the risk of a wager by making a bet against the side or chance one has bet on.

3. To use reservations and qualifications in one's speech so as to avoid committing one's self to anything definite. The Heroic Stanzas read much more like an elaborate attempt to hedge between the parties than . . . to gain favor from the Roundheads. Saintsbury.

HEDGEBORN Hedge"born`, a.

Defn: Born under a hedge; of low birth. Shak.

HEDGEBOTE Hedge"bote`, n. (Eng. Law)

Defn: Same as Haybote.

HEDGEHOG Hedge"hog`, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small European insectivore (Erinaceus Europæus), and other allied species of Asia and Africa, having the hair on the upper part of its body mixed with prickles or spines. It is able to roll itself into a ball so as to present the spines outwardly in every direction. It is nocturnal in its habits, feeding chiefly upon insects.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Canadian porcupine.[U.S]

3. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of Medicago (M. intertexta), the pods of which are armed with short spines; -- popularly so called. Loudon.

4. A form of dredging machine. Knight. Hedgehog caterpillar (Zoöl.), the hairy larvæ of several species of bombycid moths, as of the Isabella moth. It curls up like a hedgehog when disturbed. See Woolly bear, and Isabella moth. -- Hedgehog fish (Zoöl.), any spinose plectognath fish, esp. of the genus Diodon; the porcupine fish. -- Hedgehog grass (Bot.), a grass with spiny involucres, growing on sandy shores; burgrass (Cenchrus tribuloides). -- Hedgehog rat (Zoöl.), one of several West Indian rodents, allied to the porcupines, but with ratlike tails, and few quills, or only stiff bristles. The hedgehog rats belong to Capromys, Plagiodon, and allied genera. -- Hedgehog shell (Zoöl.), any spinose, marine, univalve shell of the genus Murex. -- Hedgehog thistle (Bot.), a plant of the Cactus family, globular in form, and covered with spines (Echinocactus). -- Sea hedgehog. See Diodon.

HEDGELESS Hedge"less, a.

Defn: Having no hedge.

HEDGEPIG Hedge"pig`, n.

Defn: A young hedgehog. Shak.

HEDGER Hedg"er, n.

Defn: One who makes or mends hedges; also, one who hedges, as, in betting.

HEDGEROW Hedge"row`, n.

Defn: A row of shrubs, or trees, planted for inclosure or separation of fields. By hedgerow elms and hillocks green. Milton.

HEDGING BILL Hedg"ing bill`.

Defn: A hedge bill. See under Hedge.

HEDONIC He*don"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

1. Pertaining to pleasure.

2. Of or relating to Hedonism or the Hedonic sect.

HEDONICS He*don"ics, n. (Philos.)

Defn: That branch of moral philosophy which treats of the relation of duty to pleasure; the science of practical, positive enjoyment or pleasure. J. Grote.

HEDONISM Hed"on*ism, n.

1. The doctrine of the Hedonic sect.

2. The ethical theory which finds the explanation and authority of duty in its tendency to give pleasure.

HEDONIST Hed"on*ist, n.

Defn: One who believes in hedonism.

HEDONISTIC Hed`o*nis"tic, a.

Defn: Same as Hedonic, 2.

HEED Heed, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heeded; p. pr. & vb. n. Heeding.] Etym: [OE. heden, AS. h; akin to OS. hdian, D. hoeden, Fries. hoda, OHG. huoten, G. hüten, Dan. hytte.Hood.]

Defn: To mind; to regard with care; to take notice of; to attend to; to observe. With pleasure Argus the musician heeds. Dryden.

Syn. -- To notice; regard; mind. See Attend, v. t.

HEED Heed, v. i.

Defn: To mind; to consider.

HEED Heed, n.

1. Attention; notice; observation; regard; -- often with give or take. With wanton heed and giddy cunning. Milton. Amasa took no heed to the sword that was in Joab's hand. 2 Sam. xx. 10. Birds give more heed and mark words more than beasts. Bacon.

2. Careful consideration; obedient regard. Therefore we ought to give the more earnest heed to the things which we have heard. Heb. ii. 1.

3. A look or expression of heading. [R.] He did it with a serious mind; a heed Was in his countenance. Shak.

HEEDFUL Heed"ful, a.

Defn: Full of heed; regarding with care; cautious; circumspect; attentive; vigilant. Shak. -- Heed"ful*ly, adv. -- Heed"ful*ness, n.

HEEDLESS Heed"less, a.

Defn: Without heed or care; inattentive; careless; thoughtless; unobservant. O, negligent and heedless discipline! Shak. The heedless lover does not know Whose eyes they are that wound him so. Waller. -- Heed"less*ly, adv. -- Heed"less*ness, n.

HEEDY Heed"y, a.

Defn: Heedful. [Obs.] "Heedy shepherds." Spenser. -- Heed"i*ly, adv. [Obs.] -- Heed"i*ness, n. [Obs.] Spenser.

HEEL Heel, v. i. Etym: [OE. helden to lean, incline, AS. heldan, hyldan; akin to Icel. halla, Dan. helde, Sw. hälla to tilt, pour, and perh. to E. hill.] (Naut.)

Defn: To lean or tip to one side, as a ship; as, the ship heels aport; the boat heeled over when the squall struck it. Heeling error (Naut.), a deviation of the compass caused by the heeling of an iron vessel to one side or the other.

HEEL Heel, n. Etym: [OE. hele, heele, AS. hela, perh. for hohila, fr. AS. heh heel (cf. Hough); but cf. D. hiel, OFries. heila, h, Icel. hæll, Dan. hæl, Sw. häl, and L. calx. sq. root12. Cf. Inculcate.]

1. The hinder part of the foot; sometimes, the whole foot; -- in man or quadrupeds. He [the stag] calls to mind his strength and then his speed, His winged heels and then his armed head. Denham.

2. The hinder part of any covering for the foot, as of a shoe, sock, etc.; specif., a solid part projecting downward from the hinder part of the sole of a boot or shoe.

3. The latter or remaining part of anything; the closing or concluding part. "The heel of a hunt." A. Trollope. "The heel of the white loaf." Sir W. Scott.

4. Anything regarded as like a human heel in shape; a protuberance; a knob.

5. The part of a thing corresponding in position to the human heel; the lower part, or part on which a thing rests; especially: (a) (Naut.) The after end of a ship's keel. (b) (Naut.) The lower end of a mast, a boom, the bowsprit, the sternpost, etc. (c) (Mil.) In a small arm, the corner of the but which is upwards in the firing position. (d) (Mil.) The uppermost part of the blade of a sword, next to the hilt. (e) The part of any tool next the tang or handle; as, the heel of a scythe.

6. (Man.)

Defn: Management by the heel, especially the spurred heel; as, the horse understands the heel well.

7. (Arch.) (a) The lower end of a timber in a frame, as a post or rafter. In the United States, specif., the obtuse angle of the lower end of a rafter set sloping. (b) A cyma reversa; -- so called by workmen. Gwilt. Heel chain (Naut.), a chain passing from the bowsprit cap around the heel of the jib boom. -- Heel plate, the butt plate of a gun. -- Heel of a rafter. (Arch.) See Heel, n., 7. -- Heel ring, a ring for fastening a scythe blade to the snath. -- Neck and heels, the whole body. (Colloq.) -- To be at the heels of, to pursue closely; to follow hard: as, hungry want is at my heels. Otway. -- To be down at the heel, to be slovenly or in a poor plight. -- To be out at the heels, to have on stockings that are worn out; hence, to be shabby, or in a poor plight. Shak. -- To cool the heels. See under Cool. -- To go heels over head, to turn over so as to bring the heels uppermost; hence, to move in a inconsiderate, or rash, manner. -- To have the heels of, to outrun. -- To lay by the heels, to fetter; to shackle; to imprison. Shak. Addison. -- To show the heels, to flee; to run from. -- To take to the heels, to flee; to betake to flight. -- To throw up another's heels, to trip him. Bunyan. -- To tread upon one's heels, to follow closely. Shak.

HEEL Heel, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heeled; p. pr. & vb. n. Heeling.]

1. To perform by the use of the heels, as in dancing, running, and the like. [R.] I cannot sing, Nor heel the high lavolt. Shak.

2. To add a heel to; as, to heel a shoe.

3. To arm with a gaff, as a cock for fighting.

HEELBALL Heel"ball`, n.

Defn: A composition of wax and lampblack, used by shoemakers for polishing, and by antiquaries in copying inscriptions.

HEELER Heel"er, n.

1. A cock that strikes well with his heels or spurs.

2. A dependent and subservient hanger-on of a political patron. [Political Cant, U. S.] The army of hungry heelers who do their bidding. The Century.

HEELLESS Heel"less, a.

Defn: Without a heel.

HEELPATH Heel"path`, n. [So called with a play upon the words tow and toe.]

Defn: The bank of a canal opposite, and corresponding to, that of the towpath; berm. [U. S.]

The Cowles found convenient spiles sunk in the heelpath. The Century.

HEELPIECE Heel"piece`, n.

1. A piece of armor to protect the heels. Chesterfield.

2. A piece of leather fixed on the heel of a shoe.

3. The end. "The heelpiece of his book." Lloyd.

HEELPOST Heel"post`, n.

1. (Naut.) The post supporting the outer end of a propeller shaft.

2. (Carp.)

Defn: The post to which a gate or door is hinged.

3. (Engineering)

Defn: The quoin post of a lock gate.

HEELSPUR Heel"spur`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A slender bony or cartilaginous process developed from the heel bone of bats. It helps to support the wing membranes. See Illust. of Cheiropter.

HEELTAP Heel"tap`, n.

1. One of the segments of leather in the heel of a shoe.

2. A small portion of liquor left in a glass after drinking. "Bumpers around and no heeltaps." Sheridan.

HEELTAP Heel"tap`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heeltapped; p. pr. & vb. n. Heeltapping.]

Defn: To add a piece of leather to the heel of (a shoe, boot, etc.)

HEELTOOL Heel"tool`, n.

Defn: A tool used by turners in metal, having a bend forming a heel near the cutting end.

HEEMRAAD Heem"raad`, n.; pl. -raaden (#). [Sometimes, incorrectly, Heemraat or even Heemrad.] [D. heem village + raad council, councilor.]

Defn: In Holland, and, until the 19th century, also in Cape Colony, a council to assist a local magistrate in the government of rural districts; hence, also, a member of such a council.

HEEP Heep, n.

Defn: The hip of the dog-rose. [Obs.]

HEER Heer, n.Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: A yarn measure of six hundred yards or of a spindle. See Spindle.

HEER Heer, n. Etym: [See Hair.]

Defn: Hair. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEFT Heft, n.

Defn: Same as Haft, n. [Obs.] Waller.

HEFT Heft, n. Etym: [From Heave: cf. hefe weight. Cf. Haft.]

1. The act or effort of heaving [Obs.] He craks his gorge, his sides, With violent hefts. Shak.

2. Weight; ponderousness. [Colloq.] A man of his age and heft. T. Hughes.

3. The greater part or bulk of anything; as, the heft of the crop was spoiled. [Colloq. U. S.] J. Pickering.

HEFT Heft, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hefted (Heft, obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Hefting.]

1. To heave up; to raise aloft. Inflamed with wrath, his raging blade he heft. Spenser.

2. To prove or try the weight of by raising. [Colloq.]

HEFTY Heft"y, a.

Defn: Moderately heavy. [Colloq. U. S.]

HEGELIAN He*ge"li*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to Hegelianism. -- n.

Defn: A follower of Hegel.

HEGELIANISM; HEGELISM He*ge"li*an*ism, He"gel*ism, n.

Defn: The system of logic and philosophy set forth by Hegel, a German writer (1770-1831).

HEGEMONIC; HEGEMONICAL Heg`e*mon"ic, Heg`e*mon"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. Hegemony.]

Defn: Leading; controlling; ruling; predominant. "Princelike and hegemonical." Fotherby.

HEGEMONY He*gem`o*ny, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Leadership; preponderant influence or authority; -- usually applied to the relation of a government or state to its neighbors or confederates. Lieber.

HEGGE Heg"ge, n.

Defn: A hedge. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEGIRA He*gi"ra, n. [Written also hejira.] Etym: [Ar. hijrah flight.]

Defn: The flight of Mohammed from Mecca, September 13, A. D. 622 (subsequently established as the first year of the Moslem era); hence, any flight or exodus regarded as like that of Mohammed.

Note: The starting point of the Era was made to begin, not from the date of the flight, but from the first day of the Arabic year, which corresponds to July 16, A. D. 622.

HEIFER Heif"er, n. Etym: [OE. hayfare, AS. heáhfore, heáfore; the second part of this word seems akin to AS. fearr bull, ox; akin to OHG. farro, G. farre, D. vaars, heifer, G. färse, and perh. to Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young cow.

HEIGH-HO Heigh"-ho (hi"-ho), interj.

Defn: An exclamation of surprise, joy, dejection, uneasiness, weariness, etc. Shak.

HEIGHT Height, n. [Written also hight.] Etym: [OE. heighte, heght, heighthe, AS. heáh, fr. heah high; akin to D. hoogte, Sw. höjd, Dan. höide, Icel. hæ, Goth. hauhipa. See High.]

1. The condition of being high; elevated position. Behold the height of the stars, how high they are! Job xxii. 12.

2. The distance to which anything rises above its foot, above that on which in stands, above the earth, or above the level of the sea; altitude; the measure upward from a surface, as the floor or the ground, of animal, especially of a man; stature. Bacon. [Goliath's] height was six cubits and a span. 1 Sam. xvii. 4.

3. Degree of latitude either north or south. [Obs.] Guinea lieth to the north sea, in the same height as Peru to the south. Abp. Abbot.

4. That which is elevated; an eminence; a hill or mountain; as, Alpine heights. Dryden.

5. Elevation in excellence of any kind, as in power, learning, arts; also, an advanced degree of social rank; preëminence or distinction in society; prominence. Measure your mind's height by the shade it casts. R. Browning. All would in his power hold, all make his subjects. Chapman.

6. Progress toward eminence; grade; degree. Social duties are carried to greater heights, and enforced with stronger motives by the principles of our religion. Addison.

7. Utmost degree in extent; extreme limit of energy or condition; as, the height of a fever, of passion, of madness, of folly; the height of a tempest. My grief was at the height before thou camest. Shak. On height, aloud. [Obs.] [He] spake these same words, all on hight. Chaucer.

HEIGHTEN Height"en (hit"'n), v. t. [Written also highten.] [imp. & p. p. Heightened; p. pr. & vb. n. Heightening.]

1. To make high; to raise higher; to elevate.

2. To carry forward; to advance; to increase; to augment; to aggravate; to intensify; to render more conspicuous; -- used of things, good or bad; as, to heighten beauty; to heighten a flavor or a tint. "To heighten our confusion." Addison. An aspect of mystery which was easily heightened to the miraculous. Hawthorne.

HEIGHTENER Height"en*er, n. Etym: [Written also hightener.]

Defn: One who, or that which, heightens.

HEINOUS Hei"nous, a. Etym: [OF. haïnos hateful, F. haineux, fr. OF. haïne hate, F. haine, fr. haïr to hate; of German origin. See Hate.]

Defn: Hateful; hatefully bad; flagrant; odious; atrocious; giving great great offense; -- applied to deeds or to character. It were most heinous and accursed sacrilege. Hooker. How heinous had the fact been, how deserving Contempt! Milton.

Syn. -- Monstrous; flagrant; flagitious; atrocious. -- Hei"nous*ly, adv. -- Hei"nous*ness, n.

HEIR Heir, n. Etym: [OE. heir, eir, hair, OF. heir, eir, F. hoir, L. heres; of uncertain origin. Cf. Hereditary, Heritage.]

1. One who inherits, or is entitled to succeed to the possession of, any property after the death of its owner; one on whom the law bestows the title or property of another at the death of the latter. I am my father's heir and only son. Shak.

2. One who receives any endowment from an ancestor or relation; as, the heir of one's reputation or virtues. And I his heir in misery alone. Pope. Heir apparent. (Law.) See under Apparent. -- Heir at law, one who, after his ancector's death, has a right to inherit all his intestate estate. Wharton (Law Dict.). -- Heir presumptive, one who, if the ancestor should die immediately, would be his heir, but whose right to the inheritance may be defeated by the birth of a nearer relative, or by some other contingency.

HEIR Heir, v. t.

Defn: To inherit; to succeed to. [R.] One only daughter heired the royal state. Dryden.

HEIRDOM Heir"dom, n.

Defn: The state of an heir; succession by inheritance. Burke.

HEIRESS Heir"ess, n

Defn: , A female heir.

HEIRLESS Heir"less a.

Defn: Destitute of an heir. Shak.

HEIRLOOM Heir"loom`, n. Etym: [Heir + loom, in its earlier sense of implement, tool. See Loom the frame.]

Defn: Any furniture, movable, or personal chattel, which by law or special custom descends to the heir along with the inheritance; any piece of personal property that has been in a family for several generations. Woe to him whose daring hand profanes The honored heirlooms of his ancestors. Moir.

HEIRSHIP Heir"ship, n.

Defn: The state, character, or privileges of an heir; right of inheriting. Heirship movables, certain kinds of movables which the heir is entitled to take, besides the heritable estate. [Scot.]

HEJIRA He*ji"ra, n.

Defn: See Hegira.

HEKTARE; HEKTOGRAM; HEKTOLITER; HEKTOMETER Hek"tare`, Hek"to*gram, Hek"to*li`ter, and; Hek"to*me`ter, n.

Defn: Same as Hectare, Hectogram, Hectoliter, and Hectometer.

HEKTOGRAPH Hek"to*graph, n.

Defn: See Hectograph.

HELAMYS Hel*a*mys, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Jumping hare, under Hare.

HELCOPLASTY Hel"co*plas`ty, n. Etym: [Gr. -plasty.] (Med.)

Defn: The act or process of repairing lesions made by ulcers, especially by a plastic operation.

HELD Held,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Hold.

HELE Hele, n. Etym: [See Heal, n.]

Defn: Health; welfare. [Obs.] "In joy and perfyt hele." Chaucer.

HELE Hele, v. t. Etym: [AS. helan, akin to D. helen, OHG. helan, G. hehlen, L. celare. sq. root17. See Hell, and cf. Conceal.]

Defn: To hide; to cover; to roof. [Obs.] Hide and hele things. Chaucer.

HELENA Hel"e*na, n. Etym: [L.: cf. Sp. helena.]

Defn: See St. Elmo's fire, under Saint.

HELENIN Hel"e*nin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A neutral organic substance found in the root of the elecampane (Inula helenium), and extracted as a white crystalline or oily material, with a slightly bitter taste.

HELIAC He"li*ac, a.

Defn: Heliacal.

HELIACAL He*li"a*cal, a. Etym: [Gr. héliaque.] (Astron.)

Defn: Emerging from the light of the sun, or passing into it; rising or setting at the same, or nearly the same, time as the sun. Sir T. Browne.

Note: The heliacal rising of a star is when, after being in conjunction with the sun, and invisible, it emerges from the light so as to be visible in the morning before sunrising. On the contrary, the heliacal setting of a star is when the sun approaches conjunction so near as to render the star invisible.

HELIACALLY He*li"a*cal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a heliacal manner. De Quincey.

HELIANTHIN He`li*an"thin, n. Etym: [Prob. fr. L. helianthes, or NL. helianthus, sunflower, in allusion to its color.] (Chem.)

Defn: An artificial, orange dyestuff, analogous to tropaolin, and like it used as an indicator in alkalimetry; -- called also methyl orange.

HELIANTHOID He`li*an"thoid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Helianthoidea.

HELIANTHOIDEA He`li*an"thoi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. helianthes sunflower + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Anthozoa; the Actinaria.

HELICAL Hel"i*cal, a. Etym: [From Helix.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to, or in the form of, a helix; spiral; as, a helical staircase; a helical spring. -- Hel"i*cal*ly, adv.

HELICHRYSUM Hel`i*chry"sum (, n. Etym: [L., the marigold, fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of composite plants, with shining, commonly white or yellow, or sometimes reddish, radiated involucres, which are often called "everlasting flowers."

HELICIFORM He*lic"i*form, a. Etym: [Helix + -form.]

Defn: Having the form of a helix; spiral.

HELICIN Hel"i*cin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside obtained as a white crystalline substance by partial oxidation of salicin, from a willow (Salix Helix of Linnæus.)

HELICINE Hel"i*cine, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Curled; spiral; helicoid; -- applied esp. to certain arteries of the penis.

HELICOGRAPH Hel"i*co*graph`, n. Etym: [Helix + -graph.]

Defn: An instrument for drawing spiral lines on a plane.

HELICOID Hel"i*coid, a. Etym: [Gr. hélicoïde. See Helix.]

1. Spiral; curved, like the spire of a univalve shell.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Shaped like a snail shell; pertaining to the Helicidæ, or Snail family. Helicoid parabola (Math.), the parabolic spiral.

HELICOID Hel"i*coid, n. (Geom.)

Defn: A warped surface which may be generated by a straight line moving in such a manner that every point of the line shall have a uniform motion in the direction of another fixed straight line, and at the same time a uniform angular motion about it.

HELICOIDAL Hel`i*coid"al, a.

Defn: Same as Helicoid. -- Hel`i*coid"al*ly, adv.

HELICON Hel"i*con, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: A mountain in Boeotia, in Greece, supposed by the Greeks to be the residence of Apollo and the Muses. From Helicon's harmonious springs A thousand rills their mazy progress take. Gray.

HELICONIA Hel`i*co"ni*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Helicon.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of numerous species of Heliconius, a genus of tropical American butterflies. The wings are usually black, marked with green, crimson, and white.

HELICONIAN Hel`i*co"ni*an, a. Etym: [L. Heliconius.]

1. Of or pertaining to Helicon. "Heliconian honey." Tennyson.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the butterflies of the genus Heliconius.

HELICOTREMA Hel`i*co"tre"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The opening by which the two scalæ communicate at the top of the cochlea of the ear.

HELIO- He"li*o-.

Defn: A combining form from Gr. "h`lios the sun.

HELIOCENTRIC; HELIOCENTRICAL He`li*o*cen"tric, He`li*o*cen"tric"al, a. Etym: [Helio- + centric, centrical: cf. F. héliocentrique.] (Astron.)

Defn: pertaining to the sun's center, or appearing to be seen from it; having, or relating to, the sun as a center; -- opposed to geocentrical. Heliocentric parallax. See under Parallax. -- Heliocentric place, latitude, longitude, etc. (of a heavenly body), the direction, latitude, longitude, etc., of the body as viewed from the sun.

HELIOCHROME He"li*o*chrome, n. Etym: [Helio- + Gr.

Defn: A photograph in colors. R. Hunt.

HELIOCHROMIC He`li*o*chro"mic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or produced by, heliochromy.

HELIOCHROMY He"li*o*chro`my, n.

Defn: The art of producing photographs in color.

HELIOGRAM He"li*o*gram, n. [Helio- + -gram.]

Defn: A message transmitted by a heliograph.

HELIOGRAPH He"li*o*graph, n. Etym: [Helio- + -graph.]

1. A picture taken by heliography; a photograph.

2. An instrument for taking photographs of the sun.

3. An apparatus for telegraphing by means of the sun's rays. See Heliotrope, 3.

HELIOGRAPHIC He`li*o*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to heliography or a heliograph; made by heliography. Heliographic chart. See under Chart.

HELIOGRAPHY He`li*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Helio- + -graphy.]

Defn: Photography. R. Hunt.

HELIOGRAVURE He`li*o*grav"ure, n. Etym: [F. héliogravure.]

Defn: The process of photographic engraving.

HELIOLATER He`li*ol"a*ter, n. Etym: [Helio- + Gr.

Defn: A worshiper of the sun.

HELIOLATRY He`li*ol"a*try, n. Etym: [Helio- + Gr.

Defn: Sun worship. See Sabianism.

HELIOLITE He"li*o*lite, n. Etym: [Helio- + -lite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil coral of the genus Heliolites, having twelve-rayed cells. It is found in the Silurian rocks.

HELIOMETER He`li*om"e*ter, n. Etym: [Helio- + -meter: cf. F. héliomètre.] (Astron.)

Defn: An instrument devised originally for measuring the diameter of the sun; now employed for delicate measurements of the distance and relative direction of two stars too far apart to be easily measured in the field of view of an ordinary telescope.

HELIOMETRIC; HELIOMETRICAL He`li*o*met"ric, He`li*o*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the heliometer, or to heliometry.

HELIOMETRY He`li*om"e*try, n.

Defn: The apart or practice of measuring the diameters of heavenly bodies, their relative distances, etc. See Heliometer.

HELIOPORA He`li*op"o*ra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An East Indian stony coral now known to belong to the Alcyonaria; -- called also blue coral.

HELIOSCOPE He"li*o*scope, n. Etym: [Helio- + -scope: cf. F. hélioscope.] (Astron.)

Defn: A telescope or instrument for viewing the sun without injury to the eyes, as through colored glasses, or with mirrors which reflect but a small portion of light. -- He`li*o*scop`ic, a.

HELIOSTAT He"li*o*stat, n. Etym: [Helio- + Gr. héliostate.]

Defn: An instrument consisting of a mirror moved by clockwork, by which a sunbeam is made apparently stationary, by being steadily directed to one spot during the whole of its diurnal period; also, a geodetic heliotrope.

HELIOTROPE He"li*o*trope, n. Etym: [F. héliotrope, L. heliotropium, Gr. Heliacal, Trope.]

1. (Anc. Astron.)

Defn: An instrument or machine for showing when the sun arrived at the tropics and equinoctial line.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Heliotropium; -- called also turnsole and girasole. H. Peruvianum is the commonly cultivated species with fragrant flowers.

3. (Geodesy & Signal Service)

Defn: An instrument for making signals to an observer at a distance, by means of the sun's rays thrown from a mirror.

4. (Min.)

Defn: See Bloodstone (a). Heliotrope purple, a grayish purple color.

HELIOTROPER He"li*o*tro`per, n.

Defn: The person at a geodetic station who has charge of the heliotrope.

HELIOTROPIC He`li*o*trop"ic, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Manifesting heliotropism; turning toward the sun.

HELIOTROPISM He`li*ot"ro*pism, n. Etym: [Helio- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The phenomenon of turning toward the light, seen in many leaves and flowers.

HELIOTYPE He"li*o*type, n. Etym: [Helio- + -type.]

Defn: A picture obtained by the process of heliotypy.

HELIOTYPIC He`li*o*typ"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to, or obtained by, heliotypy.

HELIOTYPY He"li*o*ty`py, n.

Defn: A method of transferring pictures from photographic negatives to hardened gelatin plates from which impressions are produced on paper as by lithography.

HELIOZOA He`li*o*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fresh-water rhizopods having a more or less globular form, with slender radiating pseudopodia; the sun animalcule.

HELISPHERIC; HELISPHERICAL Hel`i*spher"ic, Hel`i*spher"ic*al (, a. Etym: [Helix + spheric, spherical.]

Defn: Spiral. Helispherical line (Math.). the rhomb line in navigation. [R.]

HELIUM He"li*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A gaseous element found in the atmospheres of the sun and earth and in some rare minerals.

HELIX He"lix, n.; pl. L. Helices, E. Helixes. Etym: [L. helix, Gr. volvere, and E. volute, voluble.]

1. (Geom.)

Defn: A nonplane curve whose tangents are all equally inclined to a given plane. The common helix is the curve formed by the thread of the ordinary screw. It is distinguished from the spiral, all the convolutions of which are in the plane.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A caulicule or little volute under the abacus of the Corinthian capital.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: The incurved margin or rim of the external ear. See Illust. of Ear.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of land snails, including a large number of species.

Note: The genus originally included nearly all shells, but is now greatly restricted. See Snail, Pulmonifera.

HELL Hell, n. Etym: [AS. hell; akin to D. hel, OHG. hella, G. hölle, Icel. hal, Sw. helfvete, Dan. helvede, Goth. halja, and to AS. helan to conceal. Hele, v. t., Conceal, Cell, Helmet, Hole, Occult.]

1. The place of the dead, or of souls after death; the grave; -- called in Hebrew sheol, and by the Greeks hades. He descended into hell. Book of Common Prayer. Thou wilt not leave my soul in hell. Ps. xvi. 10.

2. The place or state of punishment for the wicked after death; the abode of evil spirits. Hence, any mental torment; anguish. "Within him hell." Milton. It is a knell That summons thee to heaven or to hell. Shak.

3. A place where outcast persons or things are gathered; as: (a) A dungeon or prison; also, in certain running games, a place to which those who are caught are carried for detention. (b) A gambling house. "A convenient little gambling hell for those who had grown reckless." W. Black. (c) A place into which a tailor throws his shreds, or a printer his broken type. Hudibras. Gates of hell. (Script.) See Gate, n., 4.

HELL Hell, v. t.

Defn: To overwhelm. [Obs.] Spenser.

HELLANODIC Hel`la*nod"ic, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A judge or umpire in games or combats.

HELLBENDER Hell"bend`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large North American aquatic salamander (Protonopsis horrida or Menopoma Alleghaniensis). It is very voracious and very tenacious of life. Also called alligator, and water dog.

HELLBORN Hell"born`, a.

Defn: Born in or of hell. Shak.

HELLBRED Hell`bred`, a.

Defn: Produced in hell. Spenser.

HELLBREWED Hell"brewed`, a.

Defn: Prepared in hell. Milton.

HELLBROTH Hell"broth`, n.

Defn: A composition for infernal purposes; a magical preparation. Shak.

HELL-CAT Hell"-cat `, n.

Defn: A witch; a hag. Middleton.

HELL-DIVER Hell`-div`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The dabchick.

HELLDOOMED Hell`doomed`, a.

Defn: Doomed to hell. Milton.

HELLEBORE Hel"le*bore, n. Etym: [L. helleborus, elleborus, Gr. hellébore, ellébore.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of perennial herbs (Helleborus) of the Crowfoot family, mostly having powerfully cathartic and even poisonous qualities. H. niger is the European black hellebore, or Christmas rose, blossoming in winter or earliest spring. H. officinalis was the officinal hellebore of the ancients.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Any plant of several species of the poisonous liliaceous genus Veratrum, especially V. album and V. viride, both called white hellebore.

HELLEBOREIN Hel`le*bo"re*in, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A poisonous glucoside accompanying helleborin in several species of hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a bittersweet taste. It has a strong action on the heart, resembling digitalin.

HELLEBORIN Hel*leb"o*rin ( or ), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A poisonous glucoside found in several species of hellebore, and extracted as a white crystalline substance with a sharp tingling taste. It possesses the essential virtues of the plant; -- called also elleborin.

HELLEBORISM Hel"le*bo*rism, n.

Defn: The practice or theory of using hellebore as a medicine.

HELLENE Hel"lene, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A native of either ancient or modern Greece; a Greek. Brewer.

HELLENIAN Hel*le"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hellenes, or Greeks.

HELLENIC Hel*len"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hellenes, or inhabitants of Greece; Greek; Grecian. "The Hellenic forces." Jowett (Thucyd. ).

HELLENIC Hel*len"ic, n.

Defn: The dialect, formed with slight variations from the Attic, which prevailed among Greek writers after the time of Alexander.

HELLENISM Hel"len*ism, n. Etym: [Gr. Hellénisme.]

1. A phrase or form of speech in accordance with genius and construction or idioms of the Greek language; a Grecism. Addison.

2. The type of character of the ancient Greeks, who aimed at culture, grace, and amenity, as the chief elements in human well-being and perfection.

HELLENIST Hel"len*ist, n. Etym: [Gr. Helléniste.]

1. One who affiliates with Greeks, or imitates Greek manners; esp., a person of Jewish extraction who used the Greek language as his mother tongue, as did the Jews of Asia Minor, Greece, Syria, and Egypt; distinguished from the Hebraists, or native Jews (Acts vi. 1).

2. One skilled in the Greek language and literature; as, the critical Hellenist.

HELLENISTIC; HELLENISTICAL Hel`le*nis"tic, Hel`le*nis"tic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. Hellénistique.]

Defn: Pertaining to the Hellenists. Hellenistic language, dialect, or idiom, the Greek spoken or used by the Jews who lived in countries where the Greek language prevailed; the Jewish-Greek dialect or idiom of the Septuagint.

HELLENISTICALLY Hel`le*nis"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: According to the Hellenistic manner or dialect. J. Gregory.

HELLENIZE Hel"len*ize, v. i. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: To use the Greek language; to play the Greek; to Grecize.

HELLENIZE Hel"len*ize, v. t. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: To give a Greek form or character to; to Grecize; as, to Hellenize a word.

HELLENOTYPE Hel*len"o*type, n.

Defn: See Ivorytype.

HELLESPONT Hel"les*pont, n. Etym: [L. Hellespontus, Gr.

Defn: A narrow strait between Europe and Asia, now called the Daradanelles. It connects the Ægean Sea and the sea of Marmora.

HELLESPONTINE Hel`les*pon"tine, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hellespont. Mitford.

HELLGAMITE; HELLGRAMITE Hell"ga*mite, Hell"gra*mite, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The aquatic larva of a large American winged insect (Corydalus cornutus), much used a fish bait by anglers; the dobson. It belongs to the Neuroptera.

HELLHAG Hell"hag`, n.

Defn: A hag of or fit for hell. Bp. Richardson.

HELL-HAUNTED Hell"-haunt`ed (, a.

Defn: Haunted by devils; hellish. Dryden.

HELLHOUND Hell"hound`, n. Etym: [AS. hellehund.]

Defn: A dog of hell; an agent of hell. A hellhound, that doth hunt us all to death. Shak.

HELLIER Hel"li*er, n. Etym: [See Hele, v. t.]

Defn: One who heles or covers; hence, a tiler, slater, or thatcher. [Obs.] [Written also heler.] Usher.

HELLISH Hell"ish, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to hell; like hell; infernal; malignant; wicked; detestable; diabolical. "Hellish hate." Milton. -- Hell"ish*ly, adv. -- Hell"ish*ness, n.

HELLKITE Hell"kite`, n.

Defn: A kite of infernal breed. Shak.

HELLO Hel*lo", interj. & n.

Defn: See Halloo.

HELLWARD Hell"ward, adv.

Defn: Toward hell. Pope.

HELLY Hell"y, a. Etym: [AS. hellic.]

Defn: Hellish. Anderson (1573).

HELM Helm, n.

Defn: See Haulm, straw.

HELM Helm, n. Etym: [OE. helme, AS. helma rudder; akin to D. & G. helm, Icel. hjalm, and perh. to E. helve.]

1. (Naut.)

Defn: The apparatus by which a ship is steered, comprising rudder, tiller, wheel, etc.; -- commonly used of the tiller or wheel alone.

2. The place or office of direction or administration. "The helm of the Commonwealth." Melmoth.

3. One at the place of direction or control; a steersman; hence, a guide; a director. The helms o' the State, who care for you like fathers. Shak.

4. Etym: [Cf. Helve.]

Defn: A helve. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Helm amidships, when the tiller, rudder, and keel are in the same plane. -- Helm aport, when the tiller is borne over to the port side of the ship. -- Helm astarboard, when the tiller is borne to the starboard side. -- Helm alee, Helm aweather, when the tiller is borne over to the lee or to the weather side. -- Helm hard alee or hard aport, hard astarboard, etc., when the tiller is borne over to the extreme limit. -- Helm port, the round hole in a vessel's counter through which the rudderstock passes. -- Helm down, helm alee. -- Helm up, helm aweather. -- To ease the helm, to let the tiller come more amidships, so as to lessen the strain on the rudder. -- To feel the helm, to obey it. -- To right the helm, to put it amidships. -- To shift the helm, to bear the tiller over to the corresponding position on the opposite side of the vessel. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

HELM Helm, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Helmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Helming.]

Defn: To steer; to guide; to direct. [R.] The business he hath helmed. Shak. A wild wave . . . overbears the bark, And him that helms it. Tennyson.

HELM Helm, n. Etym: [AS. See Helmet.]

1. A helmet. [Poetic]

2. A heavy cloud lying on the brow of a mountain. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

HELM Helm, v. t.

Defn: To cover or furnish with a helm or helmet. [Perh. used only as a past part. or part. adj.] She that helmed was in starke stours. Chaucer.

HELMAGE Helm"age, n.

Defn: Guidance; direction. [R.]

HELMED Helm"ed, a.

Defn: Covered with a helmet. The helmed cherubim Are seen in glittering ranks. Milton.

HELMET Hel"met, n. Etym: [OF. helmet, a dim of helme, F. heaume; of Teutonic origin; cf. G. helm, akin to AS. & OS. helm, D. helm, helmet, Icel. hjalmr, Sw. hjelm, Dan. hielm, Goth. hilms; and prob. from the root of AS. helan to hide, to hele; cf. also Lith. szalmas, Russ. shleme, Skr. çarman protection. sq. root17. Cf. Hele, Hell, Helm a helmet.]

1. (Armor)

Defn: A defensive covering for the head. See Casque, Headpiece, Morion, Sallet, and Illust. of Beaver.

2. (Her.)

Defn: The representation of a helmet over shields or coats of arms, denoting gradations of rank by modifications of form.

3. A helmet-shaped hat, made of cork, felt, metal, or other suitable material, worn as part of the uniform of soldiers, firemen, etc., also worn in hot countries as a protection from the heat of the sun.

4. That which resembles a helmet in form, position, etc.; as: (a) (Chem.) The upper part of a retort. Boyle. (b) (Bot.) The hood-formed upper sepal or petal of some flowers, as of the monkshood or the snapdragon. (c) (Zoöl.) A naked shield or protuberance on the top or fore part of the head of a bird. Helmet beetle (Zoöl.), a leaf-eating beetle of the family Chrysomelidæ, having a short, broad, and flattened body. Many species are known. -- Helmet shell (Zoöl.), one of many species of tropical marine univalve shells belonging to Cassis and allied genera. Many of them are large and handsome; several are used for cutting as cameos, and hence are called cameo shells. See King conch. -- Helmet shrike (Zoöl.), an African wood shrike of the genus Prionodon, having a large crest.

HELMETED Hel`met*ed, a.

Defn: Wearing a helmet; furnished with or having a helmet or helmet- shaped part; galeate.

HELMET-SHAPED Hel"met-shaped` (, a.

Defn: Shaped like a helmet; galeate. See Illust. of Galeate.

HELMINTH Hel"minth, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An intestinal worm, or wormlike intestinal parasite; one of the Helminthes.

HELMINTHAGOGUE Hel*min"tha*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A vermifuge.

HELMINTHES Hel*min"thes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the grand divisions or branches of the animal kingdom. It is a large group including a vast number of species, most of which are parasitic. Called also Enthelminthes, Enthelmintha.

Note: The following classes are included, with others of less importance: Cestoidea (tapeworms), Trematodea (flukes, etc.), Turbellaria (planarians), Acanthocephala (thornheads), Nematoidea (roundworms, trichina, gordius), Nemertina (nemerteans). See Plathelminthes, and Nemathelminthes.

HELMINTHIASIS Hel`min*thi"a*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A disease in which worms are present in some part of the body.

HELMINTHIC Hel*min"thic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. helminthique.]

Defn: Of or relating to worms, or Helminthes; expelling worms. -- n.

Defn: A vermifuge; an anthelmintic.

HELMINTHITE Hel*min"thite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Geol.)

Defn: One of the sinuous tracks on the surfaces of many stones, and popularly considered as worm trails.

HELMINTHOID Hel*min"thoid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.]

Defn: Wormlike; vermiform.

HELMINTHOLOGIC; HELMINTHOLOGICAL Hel*min`tho*log"ic, Hel*min`tho*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. helminthologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to helminthology.

HELMINTHOLOGIST Hel`min*thol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. helminthologiste.]

Defn: One versed in helminthology.

HELMINTHOLOGY Hel`min*thol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. helminthologie.]

Defn: The natural history, or study, of worms, esp. parasitic worms.

HELMLESS Helm"less, a.

1. Destitute of a helmet.

2. Without a helm or rudder. Carlyle.

HELMSMAN Helms"man, n.; pl. Helmsmen (.

Defn: The man at the helm; a steersman.

HELMWIND Helm"wind`, n.

Defn: A wind attending or presaged by the cloud called helm. [Prov. Eng.]

HELOT He"lot, n. Etym: [L. Helotes, Hilotae, pl., fr. Gr. E'e`lws and E'elw`ths a bondman or serf of the Spartans; so named from 'Elos, a town of Laconia, whose inhabitants were enslaved; or perh. akin to e`lei^n to take, conquer, used as 2d aor. of

Defn: A slave in ancient Sparta; a Spartan serf; hence, a slave or serf. Those unfortunates, the Helots of mankind, more or less numerous in every community. I. Taylor.

HELOTISM He"lot*ism, n.

Defn: The condition of the Helots or slaves in Sparta; slavery.

HELOTRY He"lot*ry, n.

Defn: The Helots, collectively; slaves; bondsmen. "The Helotry of Mammon." Macaulay.

HELP Help, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Helped (Obs. imp. Holp (, p. p. Holpen (; p. pr. & vb. n. Helping.] Etym: [AS. helpan; akin to OS. helpan, D. helpen, G. helfen, OHG. helfan, Icel. hjalpa, Sw. hjelpa, Dan. hielpe, Goth. hilpan; cf. Lith. szelpti, and Skr. klp to be fitting.]

1. To furnish with strength or means for the successful performance of any action or the attainment of any object; to aid; to assist; as, to help a man in his work; to help one to remember; -- the following infinitive is commonly used without to; as, "Help me scale yon balcony." Longfellow.

2. To furnish with the means of deliverance from trouble; as, to help one in distress; to help one out of prison. "God help, poor souls, how idly do they talk!" Shak.

3. To furnish with relief, as in pain or disease; to be of avail against; -- sometimes with of before a word designating the pain or disease, and sometimes having such a word for the direct object. "To help him of his blindness." in is used for that function; -- "to help him in his misery" Shak. The true calamus helps coughs. Gerarde.

4. To change for the better; to remedy. Cease to lament for what thou canst not help. Shak.

5. To prevent; to hinder; as, the evil approaches, and who can help it Swift.

6. To forbear; to avoid. I can not help remarking the resemblance betwixt him and our author. Pope.

7. To wait upon, as the guests at table, by carving and passing food. To help forward, to assist in advancing. -- To help off, to help to go or pass away, as time; to assist in removing. Locke. -- To help on, to forward; to promote by aid. -- To help out, to aid, as in delivering from a difficulty, or to aid in completing a design or task. The god of learning and of light Would want a god himself to help him out. Swift. -- To help over, to enable to surmount; as, to help one over an obstacle. -- To help to, to supply with; to furnish with; as, to help one to soup. -- To help up, to help (one) to get up; to assist in rising, as after a fall, and the like. "A man is well holp up that trusts to you." Shak.

Syn. -- To aid; assist; succor; relieve; serve; support; sustain; befriend. -- To Help, Aid, Assist. These words all agree in the idea of affording relief or support to a person under difficulties. Help turns attention especially to the source of relief. If I fall into a pit, I call for help; and he who helps me out does it by an act of his own. Aid turns attention to the other side, and supposes coöperation on the part of him who is relieved; as, he aided me in getting out of the pit; I got out by the aid of a ladder which he brought. Assist has a primary reference to relief afforded by a person who "stands by" in order to relieve. It denotes both help and aid. Thus, we say of a person who is weak, I assisted him upstairs, or, he mounted the stairs by my assistance. When help is used as a noun, it points less distinctively and exclusively to the source of relief, or, in other words, agrees more closely with aid. Thus we say, I got out of a pit by the help of my friend.

HELP Help, v. i.

Defn: To lend aid or assistance; to contribute strength or means; to avail or be of use; to assist. A generous present helps to persuade, as well as an agreeable person. Garth. To help out, to lend aid; to bring a supply.

HELP Help, n. Etym: [AS. help; akin to D. hulp, G. hülfe, hilfe, Icel. hjalp, Sw. hjelp, Dan. hielp. See Help, v. t.]

1. Strength or means furnished toward promoting an object, or deliverance from difficulty or distress; aid; ^; also, the person or thing furnishing the aid; as, he gave me a help of fifty dollars. Give us help from trouble, for vain is the help of man. Ps. lx. 11. God is . . . a very present help in trouble. Ps. xlvi. 1. Virtue is a friend and a help to nature. South.

2. Remedy; relief; as, there is no help for it.

3. A helper; one hired to help another; also, thew hole force of hired helpers in any business.

4. Specifically, a domestic servant, man or woman. [Local, U. S.]

HELPER Help"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, helps, aids, assists, or relieves; as, a lay helper in a parish. Thou art the helper of the fatherless. Ps. x. 14. Compassion . . . oftentimes a helper of evils. Dr. H. More.

HELPFUL Help"ful, a.

Defn: Furnishing help; giving aid; assistant; useful; salutary. Heavens make our presence and our practices Pleasant and helpful to him! Shak. -- Help"ful*ly, adv. -- Help"ful*ness, n. Milton.

HELPLESS Help"less, a.

1. Destitute of help or strength; unable to help or defend one's self; needing help; feeble; weak; as, a helpless infant. How shall I then your helpless fame defend Pope.

2. Beyond help; irremediable. Some helpless disagreement or dislike, either of mind or body. Milton.

3. Bringing no help; unaiding. [Obs.] Yet since the gods have been Helpless foreseers of my plagues. Chapman.

4. Unsupplied; destitute; -- with of. [R.] Helpless of all that human wants require. Dryden. -- Help"less*ly, adv. -- Help"less*ness, n.

HELPMATE Help"mate`, n. Etym: [A corruption of the "help meet for him" of Genesis ii. 18.Fitzedward Hall.]

Defn: A helper; a companion; specifically, a wife. In Minorca the ass and the hog are common helpmates, and are yoked together in order to turn up the land. Pennant. A waiting woman was generally considered as the most suitable helpmate for a parson. Macaulay.

HELPMEET Help"meet`, n. Etym: [See Helpmate.]

Defn: A wife; a helpmate. The Lord God created Adam, . . . and afterwards, on his finding the want of a helpmeet, caused him to sleep, and took one of his ribs and thence made woman. J. H. Newman.

HELTER-SKELTER Hel"ter-skel"ter, adv. Etym: [An onomatholter-polter, D. holder de bolder.]

Defn: In hurry and confusion; without definite purpose; irregularly. [Colloq.] Helter-skelter have I rode to thee. Shak. A wistaria vine running helter-skelter across the roof. J. C. Harris.

HELVE Helve, n. Etym: [OE. helve, helfe, AS. hielf, helf, hylf, cf. OHG. halb; and also E. halter, helm of a rudder.]

1. The handle of an ax, hatchet, or adze.

2. (Iron Working) (a) The lever at the end of which is the hammer head, in a forge hammer. (b) A forge hammer which is lifted by a cam acting on the helve between the fulcrum and the head.

HELVE Helve, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Helved; p. pr. & vb. n. Helving.]

Defn: To furnish with a helve, as an ax.

HELVETIAN Hel*ve"tian, a.

Defn: Same as Helvetic. -- n.

Defn: A Swiss; a Switzer.

HELVETIC Hel*ve"tic, a. Etym: [L. Helveticus, fr. Helvetii the Helvetii.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Helvetii, the ancient inhabitant of the Alps, now Switzerland, or to the modern states and inhabitant of the Alpine regions; as, the Helvetic confederacy; Helvetic states.

HELVINE; HELVITE Hel"vine, Hel"vite, n. Etym: [L. helvus of a light bay color.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of a yellowish color, consisting chiefly of silica, glucina, manganese, and iron, with a little sulphur.

HEM Hem, pron. Etym: [OE., fr. AS. him, heom, dative pl. of. h he. See He, They.]

Defn: Them [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEM Hem, interj.

Defn: An onomatopoetic word used as an expression of hesitation, doubt, etc. It is often a sort of voluntary half cough, loud or subdued, and would perhaps be better expressed by hm. Cough or cry hem, if anybody come. Shak.

HEM Hem, n.

Defn: An utterance or sound of the voice, hem or hm, often indicative of hesitation or doubt, sometimes used to call attention. "His morning hems." Spectator.

HEM Hem, v. i. [Hem, interj.]

Defn: To make the sound expressed by the word hem; hence, to hesitate in speaking. "Hem, and stroke thy beard." Shak.

HEM Hem, n. Etym: [AS. hem, border, margin; cf. Fries. hämel, Prov. G. hammel hem of mire or dirt.]

1. The edge or border of a garment or cloth, doubled over and sewed, to strengthen raveling.

2. Border; edge; margin. "Hem of the sea." Shak.

3. A border made on sheet-metal ware by doubling over the edge of the sheet, to stiffen it and remove the sharp edge.

HEM Hem, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hemmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hemming.]

1. To form a hem or border to; to fold and sew down the edge of. Wordsworth.

2. To border; to edge All the skirt about Was hemmed with golden fringe. Spenser. To hem about, around, or in, to inclose and confine; to surround; to environ. "With valiant squadrons round about to hem." Fairfax. "Hemmed in to be a spoil to tyranny." Daniel. -- To hem out, to shut out. "You can not hem me out of London." J. Webster.

HEMA- Hem"a-.

Defn: Same as Hæma-.

HEMACHATE Hem"a*chate, n. Etym: [L. haemachates; Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A species of agate, sprinkled with spots of red jasper.

HEMACHROME Hem"a*chrome, n.

Defn: Same as Hæmachrome.

HEMACITE Hem"a*cite, n. Etym: [Gr. a"i^ma blood.]

Defn: A composition made from blood, mixed with mineral or vegetable substances, used for making buttons, door knobs, etc.

HEMADROMETER; HEMADROMOMETER Hem`a*drom"e*ter, Hem`a*dro*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Hema- + Gr. -meter.] (Physiol.)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the velocity with which the blood moves in the arteries.

HEMADROMETRY; HEMADROMOMETRY Hem`a*drom`e*try, Hem`a*dro*mom"e*try, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The act of measuring the velocity with which the blood circulates in the arteries; hæmotachometry.

HEMADYNAMICS He`ma*dy*nam"ics, n. Etym: [Hema- + dynamics.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The principles of dynamics in their application to the blood; that part of science which treats of the motion of the blood.

HEMADYNAMOMETER He`ma*dy"na*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Hema- + dynamometr.] (Physiol.)

Defn: An instrument by which the pressure of the blood in the arteries, or veins, is measured by the height to which it will raise a column of mercury; -- called also a hæmomanometer.

HEMAL He"mal, a. Etym: [Gr. a"i^ma blood.]

Defn: Relating to the blood or blood vessels; pertaining to, situated in the region of, or on the side with, the heart and great blood vessels; -- opposed to neural.

Note: As applied to vertebrates, hemal is the same as ventral, the heart and great blood vessels being on the ventral, and the central nervous system on the dorsal, side of the vertebral column. Hemal arch (Anat.), the ventral arch in a segment of the spinal skeleton, formed by vertebral processes or ribs.

HEMAPHAEIN Hem`a*phæ"in, n.

Defn: Same as Hæmaphæin.

HEMAPOPHYSIS Hem`a*poph"y*sis, n.; pl. Hemapophyses . Etym: [NL. See Hæma-, and Apophysis.] (Anat.)

Defn: The second element in each half of a hemal arch, corresponding to the sternal part of a rib. Owen. -- Hem`a*po*phys"i*al, a.

HEMASTATIC; HEMASTATICAL Hem`a*stat"ic, Hem`a*stat"ic*al, a. & n.

Defn: Same as Hemostatic.

HEMASTATICS Hem`a*stat"ics, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: Laws relating to the equilibrium of the blood in the blood vessels.

HEMATACHOMETER Hem`a*ta*chom"e*ter, n.

Defn: Same as Hæmatachometer.

HEMATEIN Hem`a*te"in, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A reddish brown or violet crystalline substance, C16H12O6, got from hematoxylin by partial oxidation, and regarded as analogous to the phthaleins.

HEMATEMESIS Hem`a*tem"e*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood + (Med.)

Defn: A vomiting of blood.

HEMATHERM Hem"a*therm, n. Etym: [Gr. a"i^ma blood + (Zoöl.)

Defn: A warm-blooded animal. [R.]

HEMATHERMAL Hem`a*ther"mal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Warm-blooded; hematothermal. [R]

HEMATIC He*mat"ic, a.

Defn: Same as Hæmatic.

HEMATIC He*mat"ic, n. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine designed to improve the condition of the blood.

HEMATIN Hem"a*tin, n. Etym: [Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.]

1. Hematoxylin.

2. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A bluish black, amorphous substance containing iron and obtained from blood. It exists the red blood corpuscles united with globulin, and the form of hemoglobin or oxyhemoglobin gives to the blood its red color.

HEMATINIC He`ma*tin"ic, n. [From Hematin.] (Med.)

Defn: Any substance, such as an iron salt or organic compound containing iron, which when ingested tends to increase the hemoglobin contents of the blood.

HEMATINOMETER Hem`a*ti*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Hematin + -meter.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A form of hemoglobinometer.

HEMATINOMETRIC Hem`a*tin`o*met"ric, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Relating to the measurement of the amount of hematin or hemoglobin contained in blood, or other fluids.

HEMATINON He*mat"i*non, n. Etym: [Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.]

Defn: A red consisting of silica, borax, and soda, fused with oxide of copper and iron, and used in enamels, mosaics, etc.

HEMATITE Hem"a*tite, n. Etym: [L. haematites, Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood.] (Min.)

Defn: An important ore of iron, the sesquioxide, so called because of the red color of the powder. It occurs in splendent rhombohedral crystals, and in massive and earthy forms; -- the last called red ocher. Called also specular iron, oligist iron, rhombohedral iron ore, and bloodstone. See Brown hematite, under Brown.

HEMATITIC Hem`a*tit"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to hematite, or resembling it.

HEMATO Hem"a*to.

Defn: See Hæma-.

HEMATOCELE He*mat"o*cele, n. Etym: [Hemato- + Gr. hématocèle.] (Med.)

Defn: A tumor filled with blood.

HEMATOCRYA Hem`a*toc"ry*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood + kry`os cold.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The cold-blooded vertebrates, that is, all but the mammals and birds; -- the antithesis to Hematotherma.

HEMATOCRYSTALLIN Hem`a*to*crys"tal*lin, n. Etym: [Hemato + crystalline.] (Physiol.)

Defn: See Hemoglobin.

HEMATOID Hem"a*toid, a. Etym: [Hemato- + -oid.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Resembling blood.

HEMATOIDIN Hem`a*toid"in, n. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A crystalline or amorphous pigment, free from iron, formed from hematin in old blood stains, and in old hemorrhages in the body. It resembles bilirubin. When present in the corpora lutea it is called hæmolutein.

HEMATOLOGY Hem`a*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Hemato- + -logy.]

Defn: The science which treats of the blood.

HEMATOMA Hem`a*to"ma, n. Etym: [NL. See Hema-, and -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: A circumscribed swelling produced by an effusion of blood beneath the skin.

HEMATOPHILIA Hem`a*to*phil"i*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood + (Med.)

Defn: A condition characterized by a tendency to profuse and uncontrollable hemorrhage from the slightest wounds.

HEMATOSIN Hem`a*to"sin, n. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The hematin of blood. [R.]

HEMATOSIS Hem`a*to"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. a"ima`twsis.] (Physiol.) (a) Sanguification; the conversion of chyle into blood. (b) The arterialization of the blood in the lungs; the formation of blood in general; hæmatogenesis.

HEMATOTHERMA Hem`a*to*ther"ma, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. a"i^ma, a"i`matos, blood + thermo`s warm.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The warm-blooded vertebrates, comprising the mammals and birds; -- the antithesis to hematocrya.

HEMATOTHERMAL Hem"a*to*ther"mal, a.

Defn: Warm-blooded.

HEMATOXYLIN Hem`a*tox"y*lin, n.

Defn: Hæmatoxylin.

HEMATURIA Hem`a*tu"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Hema-, and Urine.] (Med.)

Defn: Passage of urine mingled with blood.

HEMAUTOGRAPHY Hem`au*tog"ra*phy, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The obtaining of a curve similar to a pulse curve or sphygmogram by allowing the blood from a divided artery to strike against a piece of paper.

HEMELYTRON; HEMELYTRUM Hem*el"y*tron or, Hem*el"y*trum (-trûm cf. Elytron, 277),, n.; pl. Hemelytra (. Etym: [NL. See Hemi, and Elytron.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the partially thickened anterior wings of certain insects, as of many Hemiptera, the earwigs, etc.

HEMERALOPIA Hem`e*ra*lo"pi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Nyctalopia.] (Med.)

Defn: A disease of the eyes, in consequence of which a person can see clearly or without pain only by daylight or a strong artificial light; day sight.

Note: Some writers (as Quain) use the word in the opposite sense, i. e., day blindness. See Nyctalopia.

HEMEROBIAN Hem`er*o"bi*an, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A neuropterous insect of the genus Hemerobius, and allied genera.

HEMEROBID He*mer"o*bid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of relating to the hemerobians.

HEMEROCALLIS Hem`e*ro*cal"lis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants, some species of which are cultivated for their beautiful flowers; day lily.

HEMI- Hem"i-. Etym: [Gr. "hmi-. See Semi-.]

Defn: A prefix signifying half.

HEMIALBUMIN Hem`i*al*bu"min, n. Etym: [Hemi- + albumin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Same as Hemialbumose.

HEMIALBUMOSE Hem`i*al"bu"mose`, n. Etym: [Hemi- + albumose.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An albuminous substance formed in gastric digestion, and by the action of boiling dilute acids on albumin. It is readily convertible into hemipeptone. Called also hemialbumin.

HEMIANAESTHESIA Hem`i*an`æs*the"si*a, n. Etym: [Hemi- + anæsthesia.] (Med.)

Defn: Anæsthesia upon one side of the body.

HEMIBRANCHI Hem`i*bran"chi, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hemi-, and Branchia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes having an incomplete or reduced branchial apparatus. It includes the sticklebacks, the flutemouths, and Fistularia.

HEMICARDIA Hem`i*car"di*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Hemi-, and Cardia.] (Anat.)

Defn: A lateral half of the heart, either the right or left. B. G. Wilder.

HEMICARP Hem`i*carp, n. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: One portion of a fruit that spontaneously divides into halves.

HEMICEREBRUM Hem`i*cer"e*brum, n. Etym: [Hemi- + cerebrum.] (Anat.)

Defn: A lateral half of the cerebrum. Wilder.

HEMICOLLIN Hem`i*col"lin, n. Etym: [Hemi- + collin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: See Semiglutin.

HEMICRANIA Hem`i*cra"ni*a, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. hémicrânie. See Cranium, and Megrim.] (Med.)

Defn: A pain that affects only one side of the head.

HEMICRANY Hem"i*cra`ny, n. (Med.)

Defn: Hemicranis.

HEMICYCLE Hem"i*cy`cle, n. Etym: [L. hemicyclus, Gr.

1. A half circle; a semicircle.

2. A semicircular place, as a semicircular arena, or room, or part of a room. The collections will be displayed in the hemicycle of the central pavilion. London Academy.

HEMIDACTYL Hem`i*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [See Hemi-, and Dactyl.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of Old World geckoes of the genus Hemidactylus. The hemidactyls have dilated toes, with two rows of plates beneath.

HEMI-DEMI-SEMIQUAVER Hem`i-dem`i-sem"i*quaver, n. Etym: [Hemi- + demi-semiquaver.] (Mus.)

Defn: A short note, equal to one fourth of a semiquaver, or the sixty-fourth part of a whole note.

HEMIDITONE Hem`i*di"tone, n. Etym: [Hemi- + ditone.] (Gr. Mus.)

Defn: The lesser third. Busby.

HEMIGAMOUS He*mig"a*mous, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having one of the two florets in the same spikelet neuter, and the other unisexual, whether male or female; -- said of grasses.

HEMIGLYPH Hem"i*glyph, n. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: The half channel or groove in the edge of the triglyph in the Doric order.

HEMIHEDRAL Hem`i*he"dral, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Having half of the similar parts of a crystals, instead of all; consisting of half the planes which full symmetry would require, as when a cube has planes only on half of its eight solid angles, or one plane out of a pair on each of its edges; or as in the case of a tetrahedron, which is hemihedral to an octahedron, it being contained under four of the planes of an octahedron. -- Hem`i*he"dral*ly, adv.

HEMIHEDRISM Hem`i*he"drism, n. (Crystallog.)

Defn: The property of crystallizing hemihedrally.

HEMIHEDRON Hem`i*he"dron, n. (Crystallog.)

Defn: A solid hemihedrally derived. The tetrahedron is a hemihedron.

HEMIHOLOHEDRAL Hem`i*hol`o*he"dral, a. Etym: [Hemi- + holohedral.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: Presenting hemihedral forms, in which half the sectants have the full number of planes.

HEMIMELLITIC Hem`i*mel*lit"ic, a. Etym: [Hemi- + mellitic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having half as many (three) carboxyl radicals as mellitic acid; -- said of an organic acid.

HEMIMETABOLA Hem`i*me*tab"o*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hemi-, and Metabola.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Those insects which have an incomplete metamorphosis.

HEMIMETABOLIC Hem`i*met`a*bol"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having an incomplete metamorphosis, the larvæ differing from the adults chiefly in laking wings, as in the grasshoppers and cockroaches.

HEMIMORPHIC Hem`i*mor"phic, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Having the two ends modified with unlike planes; -- said of a crystal.

HEMIN He"min, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A substance, in the form of reddish brown, microscopic, prismatic crystals, formed from dried blood by the action of strong acetic acid and common salt; -- called also Teichmann's crystals. Chemically, it is a hydrochloride of hematin.

Note: The obtaining of these small crystals, from old blood clots or suspected blood stains, constitutes one of the best evidences of the presence of blood.

HEMINA He*mi"na, n.; pl. Heminæ. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A measure of half a sextary. Arbuthnot.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A measure equal to about ten fluid ounces.

HEMIONUS He*mi"o*nus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wild ass found in Thibet; the kiang. Darwin.

HEMIOPIA; HEMIOPSIA Hem`i*o"pi*a, Hem`i*op"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A defect of vision in consequence of which a person sees but half of an object looked at.

HEMIORTHOTYPE Hem`i*or"tho*type, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. -type.]

Defn: Same as Monoclinic.

HEMIPEPTONE Hem`i*pep"tone, n. Etym: [Hemi- + peptone.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A product of the gastric and pancreatic digestion of albuminous matter.

Note: Unlike antipeptone it is convertible into leucin and tyrosin, by the continued action of pancreatic juice. See Peptone. It is also formed from hemialbumose and albumin by the action of boiling dilute sulphuric acid.

HEMIPLEGIA Hem`i*ple"gi*a, n.Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hémiplagie.] (Med.)

Defn: A palsy that affects one side only of the body. -- Hem`i"pleg"ic, a.

HEMIPLEGY Hem"i*ple`gy, n. (Med.)

Defn: Hemiplegia.

HEMIPODE Hem"i*pode, n. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any bird of the genus Turnix. Various species inhabit Asia, Africa, and Australia.

HEMIPROTEIN Hem`i*pro"te*in, n. Etym: [Hemi- + protein.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An insoluble, proteid substance, described by Schützenberger, formed when albumin is heated for some time with dilute sulphuric acid. It is apparently identical with antialbumid and dyspeptone.

HEMIPTER He*mip"ter, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hémiptères, pl.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Hemiptera.

HEMIPTERA He*mip"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of hexapod insects having a jointed proboscis, including four sharp stylets (mandibles and maxillæ), for piercing. In many of the species (Heteroptera) the front wings are partially coriaceous, and different from the others.

Note: They are divided into the Heteroptera, including the squash bug, soldier bug, bedbug, etc.; the Homoptera, including the cicadas, cuckoo spits, plant lice, scale insects, etc.; the Thysanoptera, including the thrips, and, according to most recent writers, the Pediculina or true lice.

HEMIPTERAL; HEMIPTEROUS He*mip"ter*al, He*mip"ter*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hemiptera.

HEMIPTERAN He*mip"ter*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Hemiptera; an hemipter.

HEMISECT Hem`i*sect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hemisected; p. pr. & vb. n. Hemisecting.] Etym: [Hemi- + L. secare to cut.] (Anat.)

Defn: To divide along the mesial plane.

HEMISECTION Hem`i*sec"tion, n. (Anat.)

Defn: A division along the mesial plane; also, one of the parts so divided.

HEMISPHERE Hem"i*sphere, n. Etym: [L. hemisphaerium, Gr. hémisphère. See Hemi-, and Sphere.]

1. A half sphere; one half of a sphere or globe, when divided by a plane passing through its center.

2. Half of the terrestrial globe, or a projection of the same in a map or picture.

3. The people who inhabit a hemisphere. He died . . . mourned by a hemisphere. J. P. Peters. ten Cerebral hemispheres. (Anat.) See Brain. -- Magdeburg hemispheres (Physics), two hemispherical cups forming, when placed together, a cavity from which the air can be withdrawn by an air pump; -- used to illustrate the pressure of the air. So called because invented by Otto von Guericke at Magdeburg.

HEMISPHERIC; HEMISPHERICAL Hem`i*spher"ic, Hem`i*spher"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hémisphérique.]

Defn: Containing, or pertaining to, a hemisphere; as, a hemispheric figure or form; a hemispherical body.

HEMISPHEROID Hem`i*sphe"roid, n. Etym: [Hemi- + spheroid.]

Defn: A half of a spheroid.

HEMISPHEROIDAL Hem`i*sphe*roid"al, a.

Defn: Resembling, or approximating to, a hemisphere in form.

HEMISPHERULE Hem`i*spher"ule, n.

Defn: A half spherule.

HEMISTICH Hem"i*stich, n. Etym: [L. hemistichium, Gr. "hmisti`chion; "hmi- half + sti`chos row, line, verse: cf. F. hémistiche.]

Defn: Half a poetic verse or line, or a verse or line not completed.

HEMISTICHAL He*mis"ti*chal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or written in, hemistichs; also, by, or according to, hemistichs; as, a hemistichal division of a verse.

HEMISYSTOLE Hem`i*sys"to*le, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: Contraction of only one ventricle of the heart.

Note: Hemisystole is noticed in rare cases of insufficiency of the mitral valve, in which both ventricles at times contract simultaneously, as in a normal heart, this condition alternating with contraction of the right ventricle alone; hence, intermittent hemisystole.

HEMITONE Hem"i*tone, n. Etym: [L. hemitonium, Gr.

Defn: See Semitone.

HEMITROPAL; HEMITROPOUS He*mit"ro*pal, He*mit"ro*pous, a. Etym: [See Hemitrope.]

1. Turned half round; half inverted.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the raphe terminating about half way between the chalaza and the orifice; amphitropous; -- said of an ovule. Gray.

HEMITROPE Hem"i*trope, a. Etym: [Hemi- + Gr. hémitrope.]

Defn: Half turned round; half inverted; (Crystallog.) having a twinned structure.

HEMITROPE Hem"i*trope, n.

Defn: That which is hemitropal in construction; (Crystallog.) a twin crystal having a hemitropal structure.

HEMITROPY He*mit"ro*py, n. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Twin composition in crystals.

HEMLOCK Hem"lock, n. Etym: [OE. hemeluc, humloc, AS. hemlic, hymlic.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The name of several poisonous umbelliferous herbs having finely cut leaves and small white flowers, as the Cicuta maculata, bulbifera, and virosa, and the Conium maculatum. See Conium.

Note: The potion of hemlock administered to Socrates is by some thought to have been a decoction of Cicuta virosa, or water hemlock, by others, of Conium maculatum.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: An evergreen tree common in North America (Abies, or Tsuga, Canadensis); hemlock spruce. The murmuring pines and the hemlocks. Longfellow.

3. The wood or timber of the hemlock tree. Ground hemlock, or Dwarf hemlock. See under Ground.

HEMMEL Hem"mel, n. Etym: [Scot. hemmel, hammel, Prov. E. hemble hovel, stable, shed, perh. allied to D. hemel heaven, canopy, G. himmel; cf. E. heaven.

Defn: A shed or hovel for cattle. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

HEMMER Hem"mer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, hems with a needle. Specifically: (a) An attachment to a sewing machine, for turning under the edge of a piece of fabric, preparatory to stitching it down. (b) A tool for turning over the edge of sheet metal to make a hem.

HEMO- Hem"o-.

Defn: Same as Hæma-, Hæmo-.

HEMOGLOBIN Hem"o*glo"bin, n. Etym: [Hemo- + globe.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The normal coloring matter of the red blood corpuscles of vertebrate animals. It is composed of hematin and globulin, and is also called hæmatoglobulin. In arterial blood, it is always combined with oxygen, and is then called oxyhemoglobin. It crystallizes under different forms from different animals, and when crystallized, is called hæmatocrystallin. See Blood crystal, under Blood.

HEMOGLOBINOMETER Hem`o*glo"bin*om"e*ter, n. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Same as Hæmochromometer.

HEMOPHILIA Hem`o*phil"i*a, n.

Defn: See Hematophilia.

HEMOPTYSIS He*mop"ty*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hémoptysie.] (Med.)

Defn: The expectoration of blood, due usually to hemorrhage from the mucous membrane of the lungs.

HEMORRHAGE Hem"or*rhage, n. Etym: [L. haemorrhagia, Gr. hémorriage, hémorrhagie.] (Med.)

Defn: Any discharge of blood from the blood vessels.

Note: The blood circulates in a system of closed tubes, the rupture of which gives rise to hemorrhage.

HEMORRHAGIC Hem`or*rhag"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. hémorrhagique.]

Defn: Pertaining or tending to a flux o

HEMORRHOIDAL Hem`or*rhoid"al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hémorroïdal, hémorrhoïdal.]

1. Of or pertaining to, or of the nature of, hemorrhoids.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the rectum; rectal; as, the hemorrhoidal arteries, veins, and nerves.

HEMORRHOIDS Hem"or*rhoids, n. pl. Etym: [L. haemorrhoidae, pl., Gr. hémorroïdes, hémorrhoïdes. See Rheum.] (Med.)

Defn: Livid and painful swellings formed by the dilation of the blood vessels around the margin of, or within, the anus, from which blood or mucus is occasionally discharged; piles; emerods. [The sing. hemorrhoid is rarely used.]

HEMOSTATIC Hem`o*stat"ic, a. Etym: [Hemo- + Gr.

1. (Med.)

Defn: Of or relating to stagnation of the blood.

2. Serving to arrest hemorrhage; styptic.

HEMOSTATIC Hem`o*stat"ic, n.

Defn: A medicine or application to arrest hemorrhage.

HEMOTHORAX Hem"o*tho"rax, n. Etym: [NL. See Hemo-, and Thorax.] (Med.)

Defn: An effusion of blood into the cavity of the pleura.

HEMP Hemp, n. Etym: [OE. hemp, AS. henep, hænep; akin to D. hennep, OHG. hanaf, G. hanf, Icel. hampr, Dan. hamp, Sw. hampa, L. cannabis, cannabum, Gr. conoplia, Skr. a; all prob. borrowed from some other language at an early time. Cf. Cannabine, Canvas.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Cannabis (C. sativa), the fibrous skin or bark of which is used for making cloth and cordage. The name is also applied to various other plants yielding fiber.

2. The fiber of the skin or rind of the plant, prepared for spinning. The name has also been extended to various fibers resembling the true hemp. African hemp, Bowstring hemp. See under African, and Bowstring. -- Bastard hemp, the Asiatic herb Datisca cannabina. -- Canada hemp, a species of dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum), the fiber of which was used by the Indians. -- Hemp agrimony, a coarse, composite herb of Europe (Eupatorium cannabinum), much like the American boneset. -- Hemp nettle, a plant of the genus Galeopsis (G. Tetrahit), belonging to the Mint family. -- Indian hemp. See under Indian, a. -- Manila hemp, the fiber of Musa textilis. -- Sisal hemp, the fiber of Agave sisalana, of Mexico and Yucatan. -- Sunn hemp, a fiber obtained from a leguminous plant (Crotalaria juncea). -- Water hemp, an annual American weed (Acnida cannabina), related to the amaranth.

HEMPEN Hemp"en, a.

1. Made of hemp; as, a hempen cord.

2. Like hemp. "Beat into a hempen state." Cook.

HEMPY Hemp"y, a.

Defn: Like hemp. [R.] Howell.

HEMSELF; HEMSELVE; HEMSELVEN Hem*self", Hem*selve" (, Hem*selv"en (, pron. pl. Etym: [See Hem, pron.]

Defn: Themselves; -- used reflexively. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEMSTITCH Hem"stitch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hemstitched; p. pr. & vb. n. Hemstitching.] Etym: [Hem + stitch.]

Defn: To ornament at the head of a broad hem by drawing out a few parallel threads, and fastening the cross threads in successive small clusters; as, to hemstitch a handkerchief.

HEMSTITCHED Hem"stitched, a.

Defn: Having a broad hem separated from the body of the article by a line of open work; as, a hemistitched handkerchief.

HEMUSE He"muse, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The roebuck in its third year. [Prov. Eng.]

HEN Hen, n. Etym: [AS. henn, hen, hæn; akin to D. hen, OHG. henna, G. henne, Icel. hna, Dan. höna; the fem. corresponding to AS. hana cock, D. haan, OHG. hano, G. hahn, Icel. hani, Dan. & Sw. hane. Prob. akin to L. canere to sing, and orig. meaning, a singer. Cf. Chanticleer.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The female of the domestic fowl; also, the female of grouse, pheasants, or any kind of birds; as, the heath hen; the gray hen.

Note: Used adjectively or in combination to indicate the female; as, hen canary, hen eagle, hen turkey, peahen. Hen clam. (Zoöl.) (a) A clam of the Mactra, and allied genera; the sea clam or surf clam. See Surf clam. (b) A California clam of the genus Pachydesma. -- Hen driver. See Hen harrier (below). -- Hen harrier (Zoöl.), a hawk (Circus cyaneus), found in Europe and America; -- called also dove hawk, henharm, henharrow, hen driver, and usually, in America, marsh hawk. See Marsh hawk. -- Hen hawk (Zoöl.), one of several species of large hawks which capture hens; esp., the American red-tailed hawk (Buteo borealis), the red-shouldered hawk (B. lineatus), and the goshawk.

HENBANE Hen"bane`, n. Etym: [Hen + bane.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Hyoscyamus (H. niger). All parts of the plant are poisonous, and the leaves are used for the same purposes as belladonna. It is poisonous to domestic fowls; whence the name. Called also, stinking nightshade, from the fetid odor of the plant. See Hyoscyamus.

HENBIT Hen"bit`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A weed of the genus Lamium (L. amplexicaule) with deeply crenate leaves.

HENCE Hence, adv. Etym: [OE. hennes, hens (the s is prop. a genitive ending; cf. -wards), also hen, henne, hennen, heonnen, heonene, AS. heonan, heonon, heona, hine; akin to OHG. hinnan, G. hinnen, OHG. hina, G. hin; all from the root of E. he. See He.]

1. From this place; away. "Or that we hence wend." Chaucer. Arise, let us go hence. John xiv. 31. I will send thee far hence unto the Gentiles. Acts xxii. 21.

2. From this time; in the future; as, a week hence. "Half an hour hence." Shak.

3. From this reason; as an inference or deduction. Hence, perhaps, it is, that Solomon calls the fear of the Lord the beginning of wisdom. Tillotson.

4. From this source or origin. All other faces borrowed hence Their light and grace. Suckling. Whence come wars and fightings among you Come they not hence, even of your lusts James. iv. 1.

Note: Hence is used, elliptically and imperatively, for go hence; depart hence; away; be gone. "Hence with your little ones." Shak. -- From hence, though a pleonasm, is fully authorized by the usage of good writers. An ancient author prophesied from hence. Dryden. Expelled from hence into a world Of woe and sorrow. Milton.

HENCE Hence, v. t.

Defn: To send away. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

HENCEFORTH Hence`forth", adv.

Defn: From this time forward; henceforward. I never from thy side henceforth to stray. Milton.

HENCEFORWARD Hence`for"ward, adv.

Defn: From this time forward; henceforth.

HENCHBOY Hench"boy`, n.

Defn: A page; a servant. [Obs.]

HENCHMAN Hench"man, n.; pl. -men. Etym: [OE. hencheman, henxman; prob. fr. OE. & AS. hengest horse + E. man, and meaning, a groom. AS. hengest is akin to D. & G. hengst stallion, OHG. hengist horse, gelding.]

Defn: An attendant; a servant; a follower. Now chiefly used as a political cant term.

HENCOOP Hen"coop`, n.

Defn: A coop or cage for hens.

HENDE Hende, a. Etym: [OE., near, handy, kind, fr. AS. gehende near, fr. hand hand. See Handy.]

1. Skillful; dexterous; clever. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Friendly; civil; gentle; kind. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HENDECAGON Hen*dec"a*gon, n. Etym: [Gr. hendécagone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure of eleven sides and eleven angles. [Written also endecagon.]

HENDECANE Hen"de*cane, n. Etym: [Gr. "e`ndeka eleven.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon, C11H24, of the paraffin series; -- so called because it has eleven atoms of carbon in each molecule. Called also endecane, undecane.

HENDECASYLLABIC Hen*dec`a*syl*lab"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a line of eleven syllables.

HENDECASYLLABLE Hen*dec"a*syl`la*ble, n. Etym: [L. hendecasyllabus, Gr. hendécasyllabe.]

Defn: A metrical line of eleven syllables. J. Warton.

HENDECATOIC Hen*dec`a*to"ic, a. Etym: [See Hendecane.] (Chem.)

Defn: Undecylic; pertaining to, or derived from, hendecane; as, hendecatoic acid.

HENDIADYS Hen*di"a*dys, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: A figure in which the idea is expressed by two nouns connected by and, instead of by a noun and limiting adjective; as, we drink from cups and gold, for golden cups.

HENDY Hen"dy, a. [Obs.]

Defn: See Hende.

HENEN Hen"en, adv.

Defn: Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HENFISH Hen"fish`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) A marine fish; the sea bream. (b) A young bib. See Bib, n., 2.

HENG Heng, obs. imp. of Hang.

Defn: Hung. Chaucer.

HEN-HEARTED Hen"-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Cowardly; timid; chicken-hearted. Udall.

HENHOUSE Hen"house`, n.; pl. Henhouses.

Defn: A house or shelter for fowls.

HENHUSSY Hen"hus`sy, n.

Defn: A cotquean; a man who intermeddles with women's concerns.

HENIQUEN He*ni"quen, n.

Defn: See Jeniquen.

HENNA Hen"na, n. Etym: [Ar. hinna alcanna (Lawsonia inermis or alba). Cf. Alcanna, Alkanet, Orchanet.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A thorny tree or shrub of the genus Lawsonia (L. alba). The fragrant white blossoms are used by the Buddhists in religious ceremonies. The powdered leaves furnish a red coloring matter used in the East to stain the hails and fingers, the manes of horses, etc.

2. (Com.)

Defn: The leaves of the henna plant, or a preparation or dyestuff made from them.

HENNERY Hen"ner*y, n.

Defn: An inclosed place for keeping hens. [U. S.]

HENNES Hen"nes, adv.

Defn: Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HENNOTANNIC Hen`no*tan"nic, a. Etym: [Henna + tannic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a brown resinous substance resembling tannin, and extracted from the henna plant; as, hennotannic acid.

HENOGENY; HENOGENESIS He*nog"e* ny, Hen`o*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Ontogeny.

HENOTHEISM Hen"o*the*ism, n. Etym: [Gr. theism.]

Defn: Primitive religion in which each of several divinities is regarded as independent, and is worshiped without reference to the rest. [R.]

HENOTIC He*not"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Harmonizing; irenic. Gladstone.

HENPECK Hen"peck`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Henpecked; p. pr. & vb. Henpecking.]

Defn: To subject to petty authority; -- said of a wife who thus treats her husband. Commonly used in the past participle (often adjectively).

HENRIETTA CLOTH Hen`ri*et"ta cloth`.

Defn: A fine wide wooled fabric much used for women's dresses.

HENROOST Hen"roost`, n.

Defn: A place where hens roost.

HENRY Hen"ry, n.; pl. Henrys. Etym: [From Joseph Henry, an American physicist.]

Defn: The unit of electric induction; the induction in a circuit when the electro-motive force induced in this circuit is one volt, while the inducing current varies at the rate of one ampère a second.

HEN'S-FOOT Hen's-foot` (, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An umbelliferous plant (Caucalis daucoides).

HENT Hent, v. t. [imp. Hente; p. p. Hent.] Etym: [OE. hente, henten, fr. AS. hentan, gehentan, to pursue, take, seize; cf. Icel. henda, Goth. hinpan (in compos.), and E. hunt.]

Defn: To seize; to lay hold on; to catch; to get. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. Spenser. This cursed Jew him hente and held him fast. Chaucer. But all that he might of his friendes hente On bookes and on learning he it spente. Chaucer.

HENWARE Hen"ware`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A coarse, blackish seaweed. See Badderlocks.

HENXMAN Henx"man, n.

Defn: Henchman. [Obs.]

HEP Hep, n.

Defn: See Hip, the fruit of the dog-rose.

HEPAR He"par, n. Etym: [L. hepar, hepatis, the liver, Gr.

1. (Old Chem.)

Defn: Liver of sulphur; a substance of a liver-brown color, sometimes used in medicine. It is formed by fusing sulphur with carbonates of the alkalies (esp. potassium), and consists essentially of alkaline sulphides. Called also hepar sulphuris (.

2. Any substance resembling hepar proper, in appearance; specifically, in homeopathy, calcium sulphide, called also hepar sulphuris calcareum ( Hepar antimonii ( (Old Chem.), a substance, of a liver-brown color, obtained by fusing together antimony sulphide with alkaline sulphides, and consisting of sulphantimonites of the alkalies; -- called also liver of antimony.

HEPATIC He*pat"ic, a. Etym: [L. hepaticus, Gr. jecur, Skr. yak: cf. F. hépatique.]

1. Of or pertaining to the liver; as, hepatic artery; hepatic diseases.

2. Resembling the liver in color or in form; as, hepatic cinnabar.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the plants called Hepaticæ, or scale mosses and liverworts. Hepatic duct (Anat.), any biliary duct; esp., the duct, or one of the ducts, which carries the bile from the liver to the cystic and common bile ducts. See Illust., under Digestive. -- Hepatic gas (Old Chem.), sulphureted hydrogen gas. -- Hepatic mercurial ore, or Hepatic cinnabar. See under Cinnabar.

HEPATICA He*pat"i*ca, n.; pl. Hepaticæ. Etym: [NL. See Hepatic. So called in allusion to the shape of the lobed leaves or fronds.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of pretty spring flowers closely related to Anemone; squirrel cup.

2. (bot.)

Defn: Any plant, usually procumbent and mosslike, of the cryptogamous class Hepaticæ; -- called also scale moss and liverwort. See Hepaticæ, in the Supplement.

HEPATICAL He*pat"ic*al, a.

Defn: Hepatic. [R.]

HEPATITE Hep"a*tite, n. Etym: [L. hepatitis an unknown precious stone, Gr. hépatite.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of barite emitting a fetid odor when rubbed or heated.

HEPATITIS Hep`a*ti"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the liver.

HEPATIZATION Hep`a*ti*za"tion, n.

1. (Chem.)

Defn: Impregnating with sulphureted hydrogen gas. [Obs.]

2. Etym: [Cf. F. hépatisation.] (Med.)

Defn: Conversion into a substance resembling the liver; a state of the lungs when gorged with effused matter, so that they are no longer pervious to the air.

HEPATIZE Hep"a*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hepatized; p. pr. & vb. n. Hepatizing.] Etym: [Gr. hepatite, and (for sense 2) F. hépatiser.]

1. To impregnate with sulphureted hydrogen gas, formerly called hepatic gas. On the right . . . were two wells of hepatized water. Barrow.

2. To gorge with effused matter, as the lungs.

HEPATOCELE He*pat"o*cele, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Hernia of the liver.

HEPATOCYSTIC Hep`a*to*cys"tic, a. Etym: [Hepatic + cystic.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the liver and gall bladder; as, the hepatocystic ducts.

HEPATOGASTRIC Hep`a*to*gas"tric, a. Etym: [Hepatic + gastric.] (Anat.)

Defn: See Gastrohepatic.

HEPATOGENIC; HEPATOGENOUS Hep`a*to*gen"ic, Hep`a*tog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. "h ar, "h`patos, the liver + root of gi`gnesthai to be born] (Med.)

Defn: Arising from the liver; due to a condition of the liver; as, hepatogenic jaundice.

HEPATOLOGY Hep`a*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. "h ar, "h`patos, the liver + -logy.]

Defn: The science which treats of the liver; a treatise on the liver.

HEPATO-PANCREAS Hep"a*to-pan"cre*as, n. Etym: [Gr. "h ar, "h`patos, the liver + E. pancreas.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A digestive gland in Crustacea, Mollusca, etc., usually called the liver, but different from the liver of vertebrates.

HEPATORENAL Hep`a*to*re"nal, a. Etym: [Hepatic + renal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the liver and kidneys; as, the hepatorenal ligament.

HEPATOSCOPY Hep`a*tos"co*py, n. Etym: [Gr. "h ar, "h`patos, the liver + hépatoscopie.]

Defn: Divination by inspecting the liver of animals.

HEPPELWHITE Hep"pel*white, a. (Furniture)

Defn: Designating a light and elegant style developed in England under George III., chiefly by Messrs. A.Heppelwhite & Co.

HEPPEN Hep"pen, a. Etym: [Cf. AS. gehæp fit, Icel. heppinn lucky, E. happy.]

Defn: Neat; fit; comfortable. [Obs.]

HEPPER Hep"per, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young salmon; a parr.

HEPTA Hep"ta. Etym: [See Seven.]

Defn: A combining form from Gr. "epta`, seven.

HEPTACHORD Hep"ta*chord, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta`xordos seven-stringed; "epta` seven + xordh` chord: cf. F. heptacorde. See Seven, and Chord.]

1. (Anc. Mus.) (a) A system of seven sounds. (b) A lyre with seven chords.

2. (Anc. Poet.)

Defn: A composition sung to the sound of seven chords or tones. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

HEPTAD Hep"tad, n. Etym: [L. heptas the number seven. Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)

Defn: An atom which has a valence of seven, and which can be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by, seven monad atoms or radicals; as, iodine is a heptad in iodic acid. Also used as an adjective.

HEPTADE Hep"tade, n. Etym: [Cf. F. heptade. See Heptad.]

Defn: The sum or number of seven.

HEPTAGLOT Hep"ta*glot, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven + 3,

Defn: A book in seven languages.

HEPTAGON Hep"ta*gon, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven + heptagone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure consisting of seven sides and having seven angles.

HEPTAGONAL Hep*tag"o*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. heptagonal.]

Defn: Having seven angles or sides. Heptagonal numbers (Arith.), the numbers of the series 1, 7, 18, 34, 55, etc., being figurate numbers formed by adding successively the terms of the arithmetical series 1, 6, 11, 16, 21, etc.

HEPTAGYNIA Hep`ta*gyn"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "epta` seven + heptagunie.] (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan order of plants having seven pistils.

HEPTAGYNIAN; HEPTAGYNOUS Hep`ta*gyn"i*an, Hep*tag"y*nous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. heptagyne.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having seven pistils.

HEPTAHEDRON Hep`ta*he"dron, n. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. heptaèdre.] (Geom.)

Defn: A solid figure with seven sides.

HEPTAMEROUS Hep*tam"er*ous, a. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Consisting of seven parts, or having the parts in sets of sevens. Gray.

HEPTANDRIA Hep*tan"dri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "epta` seven + heptandrie.] (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants having seven stamens.

HEPTANDRIAN; HEPTANDROUS Hep*tan"dri*an, Hep*tan"drous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. heptandre.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having seven stamens.

HEPTANE Hep"tane, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of several isometric hydrocarbons, C7H16, of the paraffin series (nine are possible, four are known); -- so called because the molecule has seven carbon atoms. Specifically, a colorless liquid, found as a constituent of petroleum, in the tar oil of cannel coal, etc.

HEPTANGULAR Hep*tan"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Hepta- + angular: cf. F. heptangulaire. Cf. Septangular.]

Defn: Having seven angles.

HEPTAPHYLLOUS Hep*taph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. heptaphylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having seven leaves.

HEPTARCH Hep"tarch, n.

Defn: Same as Heptarchist.

HEPTARCHIC Hep*tar"chic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. heptarchique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a heptarchy; constituting or consisting of a heptarchy. T. Warton.

HEPTARCHIST Hep"tarch*ist, n.

Defn: A ruler of one division of a heptarchy. [Written also heptarch.]

HEPTARCHY Hep"tarch*y, n. Etym: [Hepta- + -archy: cf. F. heptarchie.]

Defn: A government by seven persons; also, a country under seven rulers.

Note: The word is most commonly applied to England, when it was divided into seven kingdoms; as, the Saxon heptachy, which consisted of Kent, the South Saxons (Sussex), West Saxons (Wessex), East Saxons (Essex), the East Angles, Mercia, and Northumberland.

HEPTASPERMOUS Hep`ta*sper"mous, a. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having seven seeds.

HEPTASTICH Hep"ta*stich, n. Etym: [Hepta- + Gr. sti`chos line, verse.] (Pros.)

Defn: A composition consisting of seven lines or verses.

HEPTATEUCH Hep"ta*teuch, n. Etym: [L. heptateuchos, Gr. "epta` seven + heptateuque.]

Defn: The first seven books of the Testament.

HEPTAVALENT Hep*tav"a*lent, a. Etym: [Hepta- + L. valens, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having seven units of attractive force or affinity; -- said of heptad elements or radicals.

HEPTENE Hep"tene, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Heptylene.

HEPTINE Hep"tine, n. Etym: [Heptane + -ine.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of a series of unsaturated metameric hydrocarbons, C7H12, of the acetylene series.

HEPTOIC Hep*to"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, heptane; as, heptoic acid.

HEPTONE Hep"tone, n. Etym: [Gr. "epta` seven.] (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid hydrocarbon, C7H10, of the valylene series.

HEP TREE Hep" tree`. Etym: [See Hep.]

Defn: The wild dog-rose.

HEPTYL Hep"tyl, n. Etym: [Hepta- + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound radical, C7H15, regarded as the essential radical of heptane and a related series of compounds.

HEPTYLENE Hep"tyl*ene, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless liquid hydrocarbon, C7H14, of the ethylene series; also, any one of its isomers. Called also heptene.

HEPTYLIC Hep*tyl"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, heptyl or heptane; as, heptylic alcohol. Cf. .

HER Her, pron. & a. Etym: [OE. hire, here, hir, hure, gen. and dat. sing., AS. hire, gen. and dat. sing. of héo she. from the same root as E. he. See He.]

Defn: The form of the objective and the possessive case of the personal pronoun she; as, I saw her with her purse out.

Note: The possessive her takes the form hers when the noun with which in agrees is not given, but implied. "And what his fortune wanted, hers could mend." Dryden.

HER; HERE Her, Here (, pron. pl. Etym: [OE. here, hire, AS. heora, hyra, gen. pl. of he. See He.]

Defn: Of them; their. [Obs.] Piers Plowman. On here bare knees adown they fall. Chaucer.

HERACLEONITE He*rac"le*on*ite, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Heracleon of Alexandria, a Judaizing Gnostic, in the early history of the Christian church.

HERAKLINE He*rak"line, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A picrate compound, used as an explosive in blasting.

HERALD Her"ald, n. Etym: [OE. herald, heraud, OF. heralt, heraut, herault, F. héraut, LL. heraldus, haraldus, fr. (assumed) OHG. heriwalto, hariwaldo, a (civil) officer who serves the army; hari, heri, army + waltan to manage, govern, G. walten; akin to E. wield. See Harry, Wield.]

1. (Antiq.)

Defn: An officer whose business was to denounce or proclaim war, to challenge to battle, to proclaim peace, and to bear messages from the commander of an army. He was invested with a sacred and inviolable character.

2. In the Middle Ages, the officer charged with the above duties, and also with the care of genealogies, of the rights and privileges of noble families, and especially of armorial bearings. In modern times, some vestiges of this office remain, especially in England. See Heralds' College (below), and King-at-Arms.

3. A proclaimer; one who, or that which, publishes or announces; as, the herald of another's fame. Shak.

4. A forerunner; a a precursor; a harbinger. It was the lark, the herald of the morn. Shak.

5. Any messenger. "My herald is returned." Shak. Heralds' College, in England, an ancient corporation, dependent upon the crown, instituted or perhaps recognized by Richard III. in 1483, consisting of the three Kings-at-Arms and the Chester, Lancaster, Richmond, Somerset, Windsor, and York Heralds, together with the Earl Marshal. This retains from the Middle Ages the charge of the armorial bearings of persons privileged to bear them, as well as of genealogies and kindred subjects; -- called also College of Arms.

HERALD Her"ald, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Heralded; p. pr. & vb. n. Heralding.] Etym: [Cf. OF. herauder, heraulder.]

Defn: To introduce, or give tidings of, as by a herald; to proclaim; to announce; to foretell; to usher in. Shak.

HERALDIC He*ral"dic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. héraldique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to heralds or heraldry; as, heraldic blazoning; heraldic language. T. Warton.

HERALDICALLY He*ral"dic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an heraldic manner; according to the rules of heraldry.

HERALDRY Her"ald*ry, n.

Defn: The art or office of a herald; the art, practice, or science of recording genealogies, and blazoning arms or ensigns armorial; also, of marshaling cavalcades, processions, and public ceremonies.

HERALDSHIP Her"ald*ship, n.

Defn: The office of a herald. Selden.

HERAPATHITE Her"a*path*ite, n. Etym: [Named after Dr. Herapath, the discoverer.] (Chem.)

Defn: The sulphate of iodoquinine, a substance crystallizing in thin plates remarkable for their effects in polarizing light.

HERAUD Her"aud, n.

Defn: A herald. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERB Herb, n. Etym: [OE. herbe, erbe, OF. herbe, erbe, F. herbe, L. herba; perh. akin to Gr. forbh` food, pasture, fe`rbein to feed.]

1. A plant whose stem does not become woody and permanent, but dies, at least down to the ground, after flowering.

Note: Annual herbs live but one season; biennial herbs flower the second season, and then die; perennial herbs produce new stems year after year.

2. Grass; herbage. And flocks Grazing the tender herb. Milton. Herb bennet. (Bot.) See Bennet. -- Herb Christopher (Bot.), an herb (Actæa spicata), whose root is used in nervous diseases; the baneberry. The name is occasionally given to other plants, as the royal fern, the wood betony, etc. -- Herb Gerard (Bot.), the goutweed; -- so called in honor of St. Gerard, who used to be invoked against the gout. Dr. Prior. -- Herb grace, or Herb of grace. (Bot.) See Rue. -- Herb Margaret (Bot.), the daisy. See Marguerite. -- Herb Paris (Bot.), an Old World plant related to the trillium (Paris quadrifolia), commonly reputed poisonous. -- Herb Robert (Bot.), a species of Geranium (G. Robertianum.)

HERBACEOUS Her*ba"ceous, a. Etym: [L. herbaceus grassy. See Herb.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to herbs; having the nature, texture, or characteristics, of an herb; as, herbaceous plants; an herbaceous stem.

HERBAGE Herb"age (; 48), n. Etym: [F. See Herb.]

1. Herbs collectively; green food beasts; grass; pasture. "Thin herbage in the plaims." Dryden.

2. (Law.)

Defn: The liberty or right of pasture in the forest or in the grounds of another man. Blount.

HERBAGED Herb"aged, a.

Defn: Covered with grass. Thomson.

HERBAL Herb"al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to herbs. Quarles.

HERBAL Herb"al, n.

1. A book containing the names and descriptions of plants. Bacon.

2. A collection of specimens of plants, dried and preserved; a hortus siccus; an herbarium. Steele.

HERBALISM Herb"al*ism, n.

Defn: The knowledge of herbs.

HERBALIST Herb"al*ist, n.

Defn: One skilled in the knowledge of plants; a collector of, or dealer in, herbs, especially medicinal herbs.

HERBAR Herb"ar, n.

Defn: An herb. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERBARIAN Her*ba"ri*an, n.

Defn: A herbalist.

HERBARIST Herb"a*rist, n.

Defn: A herbalist. [Obs.]

HERBARIUM Her*ba"ri*um, n.; pl. E. Herbariums, L. Herbaria. Etym: [LL., fr. L. herba. See Herb, and cf. Arbor, Herbary.]

1. A collection of dried specimens of plants, systematically arranged. Gray.

2. A book or case for preserving dried plants.

HERBARIZE Herb"a*rize, v. t.

Defn: See Herborize.

HERBARY Herb"a*ry, n. Etym: [See Herbarium.]

Defn: A garden of herbs; a cottage garden. T. Warton.

HERBER Herb"er, n. Etym: [OF. herbier, LL. herbarium. See Herbarium.]

Defn: A garden; a pleasure garden. [Obs.] "Into an herber green." Chaucer.

HERBERGAGE Her"berg*age, n. Etym: [See Harborage.]

Defn: Harborage; lodging; shelter; harbor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERBERGEOUR Her"ber*geour, n. Etym: [See Harbinger.]

Defn: A harbinger. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERBERGH; HERBERWE Her"bergh, Her"ber*we (, n. Etym: [See Harbor.]

Defn: A harbor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERBESCENT Her*bes"cent, a. Etym: [L. herbescens, p. pr. of herbescere.]

Defn: Growing into herbs.

HERBID Herb"id, a. Etym: [L. herbidus.]

Defn: Covered with herbs. [Obs.] Bailey.

HERBIFEROUS Her*bif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Herb + -ferous: cf. F. herbifére.]

Defn: Bearing herbs or vegetation.

HERBIST Herb"ist, n.

Defn: A herbalist.

HERBIVORA Her*biv"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. herba herb + vorare to devour.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive division of Mammalia. It formerly included the Proboscidea, Hyracoidea, Perissodactyla, and Artiodactyla, but by later writers it is generally restricted to the two latter groups (Ungulata). They feed almost exclusively upon vegetation.

HERBIVORE Her"bi*vore, n. Etym: [Cf. F. herbivore.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Herbivora. P. H. Gosse.

HERBIVOROUS Her*biv"o*rous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Eating plants; of or pertaining to the Herbivora.

HERBLESS Herb"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of herbs or of vegetation. J. Warton.

HERBLET Herb"let, n.

Defn: A small herb. Shak.

HERBORIST Her"bo*rist, n. Etym: [F. herboriste.]

Defn: A herbalist. Ray.

HERBORIZATION Her`bo*ri*za"tion, n. Etym: [F. herborisation.]

1. The act of herborizing.

2. The figure of plants in minerals or fossils.

HERBORIZE Her"bo*rize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Herborized; p. pr. & vb. n. Herborizing.] Etym: [F. herboriser, for herbariser, fr. L. herbarium. See Hebrarium.]

Defn: To search for plants, or new species of plants, with a view to classifying them. He herborized as he traveled. W. Tooke.

HERBORIZE Her"bo*rize, v. t.

Defn: To form the figures of plants in; -- said in reference to minerals. See Arborized. Herborized stones contain fine mosses. Fourcroy (Trans.)

HERBOROUGH Her"bor*ough, n. Etym: [See Harborough, and Harbor.]

Defn: A harbor. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

HERBOSE; HERBOUS Her*bose", Herb"ous, a. Etym: [L. herbosus: cf. F. herbeux.]

Defn: Abounding with herbs. "Fields poetically called herbose." Byrom.

HERB-WOMAN Herb"-wom`an, n.; pl. Herb-women (.

Defn: A woman that sells herbs.

HERBY Herb"y, a.

Defn: Having the nature of, pertaining to, or covered with, herbs or herbage. "Herby valleys." Chapman.

HERCOGAMOUS Her*cog"a*mous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Not capable of self-fertilization; -- said of hermaphrodite flowers in which some structural obstacle forbids autogamy.

HERCULEAN Her*cu"le*an, a. Etym: [L. herculeus, fr. Hercules: cf. F. herculéen. See Hercules.]

1. Requiring the strength of Hercules; hence, very great, difficult, or dangerous; as, an Herculean task.

2. Having extraordinary strength or size; as, Herculean limbs. "Herculean Samson." Milton.

HERCULES Her"cu*les, n.

1. (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: A hero, fabled to have been the son of Jupiter and Alcmena, and celebrated for great strength, esp. for the accomplishment of his twelve great tasks or "labors."

2. (Astron.)

Defn: A constellation in the northern hemisphere, near Lyra. Hercules' beetle (Zoöl.), any species of Dynastes, an American genus of very large lamellicorn beetles, esp. D. hercules of South America, which grows to a length of six inches. -- Hercules' club. (Bot.) (a) An ornamental tree of the West Indies (Zanthoxylum Clava-Herculis), of the same genus with the prickly ash. (b) A variety of the common gourd (Lagenaria vulgaris). Its fruit sometimes exceeds five feet in length. (c) The Angelica tree. See under Angelica. -- Hercules powder, an explosive containing nitroglycerin; -- used for blasting.

HERCYNIAN Her*cyn"i*an, a. Etym: [L. Hercynia silva, Hercynius saltus, the Hercynian forest; cf. Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an extensive forest in Germany, of which there are still portions in Swabia and the Hartz mountains.

HERD Herd, a.

Defn: Haired. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERD Herd, n. Etym: [OE. herd, heord, AS. heord; akin to OHG. herta,G. herde, Icel. hjör, Sw. hjord, Dan. hiord, Goth. haírda; cf. Skr. çardha troop, host.]

1. A number of beasts assembled together; as, a herd of horses, oxen, cattle, camels, elephants, deer, or swine; a particular stock or family of cattle. The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea. Gray.

Note: Herd is distinguished from flock, as being chiefly applied to the larger animals. A number of cattle, when driven to market, is called a drove.

2. A crowd of low people; a rabble. But far more numerous was the herd of such Who think too little and who talk too much. Dryden. You can never interest the common herd in the abstract question. Coleridge. Herd's grass (Bot.), one of several species of grass, highly esteemed for hay. See under Grass.

HERD Herd, n. Etym: [OE. hirde, herde, heorde, AS. hirde, hyrde, heorde; akin to G. hirt, hirte, OHG. hirti, Icel. hirir, Sw. herde, Dan. hyrde, Goth. haírdeis. See 2d Herd.]

Defn: One who herds or assembles domestic animals; a herdsman; -- much used in composition; as, a shepherd; a goatherd, and the like. Chaucer.

HERD Herd, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Herded; p. pr. & vb. n. Herding.] Etym: [See 2d Herd.]

1. To unite or associate in a herd; to feed or run together, or in company; as, sheep herd on many hills.

2. To associate; to ally one's self with, or place one's self among, a group or company. I'll herd among his friends, and seem One of the number. Addison.

3. To act as a herdsman or a shepherd. [Scot.]

HERD Herd, v. t.

Defn: To form or put into a herd.

HERDBOOK Herd"book`, n.

Defn: A book containing the list and pedigrees of one or more herds of choice breeds of cattle; -- also called herd record, or herd register.

HERDER Herd"er, n.

Defn: A herdsman. [R.]

HERDERITE Her"der*ite, n. Etym: [Named after Baron von Herder, who discovered it.] (Min.)

Defn: A rare fluophosphate of glucina, in small white crystals.

HERDESS Herd"ess, n.

Defn: A shepherdess; a female herder. Sir P. Sidney. Chaucer.

HERDGROOM Herd"groom`, n.

Defn: A herdsman. [Obs.]

HERDIC Her"dic, n. Etym: [Named from Peter Herdic, the inventor.]

Defn: A kind of low-hung cab.

HERDMAN; HERDSMAN Herd"man, Herds"man, n.; pl. -men (.

Defn: The owner or keeper of a herd or of herds; one employed in tending a herd of cattle.

HERDSWOMAN Herds"wom`an, n.; pl. -women (.

Defn: A woman who tends a herd. Sir W. Scott.

HERE Here, n.

Defn: Hair. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERE Here, pron.

1. See Her, their. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Her; hers. See Her. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERE Here, adv. Etym: [OE. her, AS. h; akin to OS. h, D. hier, OHG. hiar, G. hier, Icel. & Goth. h, Dan. her, Sw. här; fr. root of E. he. See He.]

1. In this place; in the place where the speaker is; -- opposed to Ant: there. He is not here, for he is risen. Matt. xxviii. 6.

2. In the present life or state. Happy here, and more happy hereafter. Bacon.

3. To or into this place; hither. [Colloq.] See Thither. Here comes Virgil. B. Jonson. Thou led'st me here. Byron.

4. At this point of time, or of an argument; now. The prisoner here made violent efforts to rise. Warren.

Note: Here, in the last sense, is sometimes used before a verb without subject; as, Here goes, for Now (something or somebody) goes; -- especially occurring thus in drinking healths. "Here's [a health] to thee, Dick." Cowley. Here and there, in one place and another; in a dispersed manner; irregularly. "Footsteps here and there." Longfellow. -- It is neither, here nor there, it is neither in this place nor in that, neither in one place nor in another; hence, it is to no purpose, irrelevant, nonsense. Shak.

HEREA-BOUT; HEREABOUTS Here"a-bout`, Here"a*bouts`, adv.

1. About this place; in this vicinity.

2. Concerning this. [Obs.]

HEREAFTER Here*aft"er, adv. Etym: [AS. hræfter.]

Defn: In time to come; in some future time or state. Hereafter he from war shall come. Dryden.

HEREAFTER Here*aft"er, n.

Defn: A future existence or state. 'Tis Heaven itself that points out an hereafter. Addison.

HEREAFTERWARD Here*aft"er*ward, adv.

Defn: Hereafter. [Obs.] Thou shalt hereafterward . . . come. Chaucer.

HERE-AT Here-at", adv.

Defn: At, or by reason of, this; as, he was offended hereat. Hooker.

HEREBY Here*by", adv.

1. By means of this. And hereby we do know that we know him. 1 John ii. 3.

2. Close by; very near. [Obs.] Shak.

HEREDITABILITY He*red`i*ta*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: State of being hereditable. Brydges.

HEREDITABLE He*red"i*ta*ble, a. Etym: [LL. hereditabilis, fr. hereditare to inherit, fr. L. hereditas heirship inheritance, heres heir: cf. OF. hereditable. See Heir, and cf. Heritable.]

1. Capable of being inherited. See Inheritable. Locke.

2. Qualified to inherit; capable of inheriting.

HEREDITABLY He*red"i*ta*bly, adv.

Defn: By inheritance. W. Tooke.

HEREDITAMENT Her`e*dit"a*ment, n. Etym: [LL. hereditamentum. See Hereditable.] (Law)

Defn: Any species of property that may be inherited; lands, tenements, anything corporeal or incorporeal, real, personal, or mixed, that may descend to an heir. Blackstone.

Note: A corporeal hereditament is visible and tangible; an incorporeal hereditament is not in itself visible or tangible, being an hereditary right, interest, or obligation, as duty to pay rent, or a right of way.

HEREDITARILY He*red"i*ta*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: By inheritance; in an hereditary manner. Pope.

HEREDITARY He*red"i*ta*ry, a. Etym: [L. hereditarius, fr. hereditas heirship, inheritance, fr. heres heir: cf. F. héréditaire. See Heir.]

1. Descended, or capable of descending, from an ancestor to an heir at law; received or passing by inheritance, or that must pass by inheritance; as, an hereditary estate or crown.

2. Transmitted, or capable of being transmitted, as a constitutional quality or condition from a parent to a child; as, hereditary pride, bravery, disease.

Syn. -- Ancestral; patrimonial; inheritable.

HEREDITY He*red"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. hereditas heirship.] (Biol.)

Defn: Hereditary transmission of the physical and psychical qualities of parents to their offspring; the biological law by which living beings tend to repeat their characteristics in their descendants. See Pangenesis.

HEREFORD Her"e*ford, n.

Defn: One of a breed of cattle originating in Herefordshire, England. The Herefords are good working animals, and their beef-producing quality is excellent.

HEREHENCE Here"hence`, adv.

Defn: From hence. [Obs.]

HEREIN Here*in", adv. Etym: [AS. hrinne.]

Defn: In this. Herein is my Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit. John xv. 8.

HEREINAFTER Here`in*aft"er, adv.

Defn: In the following part of this (writing, document, speech, and the like).

HEREINBEFORE Here`in*be*fore", adv.

Defn: In the preceding part of this (writing, document, book, etc.).

HEREINTO Here`in*to", adv.

Defn: Into this. Hooker.

HEREMIT; HEREMITE Her"e*mit, Her"e*mite, n. Etym: [See Hermit.]

Defn: A hermit. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

HEREMITICAL Her`e*mit"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a hermit; solitary; secluded from society. Pope.

HEREN Her"en, a.

Defn: Made of hair. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEREOF Here*of", adv.

Defn: Of this; concerning this; from this; hence. Hereof comes it that Prince Harry is valiant. Shak.

HEREON Here*on", adv.

Defn: On or upon this; hereupon.

HEREOUT Here*out", adv.

Defn: Out of this. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERESIARCH Her"e*si*arch, n. Etym: [L. haeresiarcha, Gr. hérésiarque.]

Defn: A leader in heresy; the chief of a sect of heretics. Bp. Stillingfleet.

HERESIARCHY Her"e*si*arch`y, n.

Defn: A chief or great heresy. [R.] The book itself [the Alcoran] consists of heresiarchies against our blessed Savior. Sir T. Herbert.

HERESIOGRAPHER Her`e*si*og"ra*pher, n. Etym: [See Heresiography.]

Defn: One who writes on heresies.

HERESIOGRAPHY Her`e*si*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy: cf. F. hérésiographie.]

Defn: A treatise on heresy.

HERESY Her"e*sy, n.; pl. Heresies. Etym: [OE. heresie, eresie, OF. heresie, iresie, F. hérésie, L. haeresis, Gr.

1. An opinion held in opposition to the established or commonly received doctrine, and tending to promote a division or party, as in politics, literature, philosophy, etc.; -- usually, but not necessarily, said in reproach. New opinions Divers and dangerous, which are heresies, And, not reformed, may prove pernicious. Shak. After the study of philosophy began in Greece, and the philosophers, disagreeing amongst themselves, had started many questions . . . because every man took what opinion he pleased, each several opinion was called a heresy; which signified no more than a private opinion, without reference to truth or falsehood. Hobbes.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: Religious opinion opposed to the authorized doctrinal standards of any particular church, especially when tending to promote schism or separation; lack of orthodox or sound belief; rejection of, or erroneous belief in regard to, some fundamental religious doctrine or truth; heterodoxy. Doubts 'mongst divines, and difference of texts, From whence arise diversity of sects, And hateful heresies by God abhor'd. Spenser. Deluded people! that do not consider that the greatest heresy in the world is a wicked life. Tillotson.

3. (Law)

Defn: An offense against Christianity, consisting in a denial of some essential doctrine, which denial is publicly avowed, and obstinately maintained. A second offense is that of heresy, which consists not in a total denial of Christianity, but of some its essential doctrines, publicly and obstinately avowed. Blackstone.

Note: "When I call dueling, and similar aberrations of honor, a moral heresy, I refer to the force of the Greek Coleridge.

HERETIC Her"e*tic, n. Etym: [L. haereticus, Gr. hérétique. See Heresy.]

1. One who holds to a heresy; one who believes some doctrine contrary to the established faith or prevailing religion. A man that is an heretic, after the first and second admonition, reject. Titus iii. 10.

2. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: One who having made a profession of Christian belief, deliberately and pertinaciously refuses to believe one or more of the articles of faith "determined by the authority of the universal church." Addis & Arnold.

Syn. -- Heretic, Schismatic, Sectarian. A heretic is one whose errors are doctrinal, and usually of a malignant character, tending to subvert the true faith. A schismatic is one who creates a schism, or division in the church, on points of faith, discipline, practice, etc., usually for the sake of personal aggrandizement. A sectarian is one who originates or is an ardent adherent and advocate of a sect, or distinct organization, which separates from the main body of believers.

HERETICAL He*ret"i*cal, a.

Defn: Containing heresy; of the nature of, or characterized by, heresy.

HERETICALLY He*ret"i*cal*ly, adv.

Defn: In an heretical manner.

HERETICATE He*ret"i*cate, v. t. Etym: [LL. haereticatus, p. p. of haereticare.]

Defn: To decide to be heresy or a heretic; to denounce as a heretic or heretical. Bp. Hall. And let no one be minded, on the score of my neoterism, to hereticate me. Fitzed. Hall.

HERETIFICATION He*ret`i*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: The act of hereticating or pronouncing heretical. London Times.

HERETO Here*to", adv.

Defn: To this; hereunto. Hooker.

HERETOCH; HERETOG Her"e*toch, Her"e*tog, n. Etym: [AS. heretoga, heretoha; here army + teón to draw, lead; akin to OS. heritogo, OHG. herizogo, G. herzog duke.] (AS. Antiq.)

Defn: The leader or commander of an army; also, a marshal. Blackstone.

HERETOFORE Here`to*fore", adv.

Defn: Up to this time; hitherto; before; in time past. Shak.

HEREUNTO Here`un*to", adv.

Defn: Unto this; up to this time; hereto.

HEREUPON Here`up*on", adv.

Defn: On this; hereon.

HEREWITH Here*with", adv.

Defn: With this.

HERIE Her"ie, v. t. Etym: [See Hery.]

Defn: To praise; to worship. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERIOT Her"i*ot, n. Etym: [AS. heregeatu military equipment, heriot; here army + geatwe, pl., arms, equipments.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: Formerly, a payment or tribute of arms or military accouterments, or the best beast, or chattel, due to the lord on the death of a tenant; in modern use, a customary tribute of goods or chattels to the lord of the fee, paid on the decease of a tenant. Blackstone. Bouvier. Heriot custom, a heriot depending on usage. -- Heriot service (Law), a heriot due by reservation in a grant or lease of lands. Spelman. Blackstone.

HERIOTABLE Her"i*ot*a*ble, a.

Defn: Subject to the payment of a heriot. Burn.

HERISSON Her"is*son, n. Etym: [F. hérisson, prop., hedgehog.] (fort.)

Defn: A beam or bar armed with iron spikes, and turning on a pivot; - - used to block up a passage.

HERITABILITY Her`it*a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being heritable.

HERITABLE Her"it*a*ble, a. Etym: [OF. héritable. See Heritage, Hereditable.]

1. Capable of being inherited or of passing by inheritance; inheritable.

2. Capable of inheriting or receiving by inheritance. This son shall be legitimate and heritable. Sir M. Hale. Heritable rights (Scots Law), rights of the heir; rights to land or whatever may be intimately connected with land; realty. Jacob (Law Dict.).

HERITAGE Her"it*age, a. Etym: [OE. heritage, eritage, OF. heritage, eritage, F. héritage, fr. hériter to inherit, LL. heriditare. See Hereditable.]

1. That which is inherited, or passes from heir to heir; inheritance. Part of my heritage, Which my dead father did bequeath to me. Shak.

2. (Script.)

Defn: A possession; the Israelites, as God's chosen people; also, a flock under pastoral charge. Joel iii. 2. 1 Peter v. 3.

HERITANCE Her"it*ance, n. Etym: [OF. heritance.]

Defn: Heritage; inheritance. [R.] Robbing their children of the heritance Their fathers handed down Southey.

HERITOR Her"it*or, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. her, fr. L. heres an heir.]

Defn: A proprietor or landholder in a parish. [Scot.]

HERL Herl, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Harl, 2.

HERLING; HIRLING Her"ling, Hir"ling (, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The young of the sea trout. [Prov. Eng.]

HERMA Her"ma, n.; pl. Hermæ. Etym: [L.]

Defn: See Hermes,

2.

HERMAPHRODEITY Her*maph`ro*de"i*ty, n.

Defn: Hermaphrodism. B. Jonson.

HERMAPHRODISM Her*maph"ro*dism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hermaphrodisme.] (Biol.)

Defn: See Hermaphroditism.

HERMAPHRODITE Her*maph"ro*dite, n. Etym: [L. hermaphroditus, Gr. Hermaphroditus, son of Hermes and Aphrodite, when bathing, became joined in one body with Salmacis, the nymph of a fountain in Caria: cf. F. hermaphrodite.] (Biol.)

Defn: An individual which has the attributes of both male and female, or which unites in itself the two sexes; an animal or plant having the parts of generation of both sexes, as when a flower contains both the stamens and pistil within the same calyx, or on the same receptacle. In some cases reproduction may take place without the union of the distinct individuals. In the animal kingdom true hermaphrodites are found only among the invertebrates. See Illust. in Appendix, under Helminths.

HERMAPHRODITE Her*maph"ro*dite, a.

Defn: Including, or being of, both sexes; as, an hermaphrodite animal or flower. Hermaphrodite brig. (Naut.) See under Brig. Totten.

HERMAPHRODITIC; HERMAPHRODITICAL Her*maph`ro*dit"ic, Her*maph`ro*dit"ic*al, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Partaking of the characteristics of both sexes; characterized by hermaphroditism. -- Her*maph`ro*dit"ic*al*ly, adv.

HERMAPHRODITISM Her*maph"ro*dit*ism, n. (Biol.)

Defn: The union of the two sexes in the same individual, or the combination of some of their characteristics or organs in one individual.

HERMENEUTIC; HERMENEUTICAL Her`me*neu"tic, Her`me*neu"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. herméneutique.]

Defn: Unfolding the signification; of or pertaining to interpretation; exegetical; explanatory; as, hermeneutic theology, or the art of expounding the Scriptures; a hermeneutic phrase.

HERMENEUTICALLY Her`me*neu"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: According to the principles of interpretation; as, a verse of Scripture was examined hermeneutically.

HERMENEUTICS Her`me*neu"tics, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The science of interpretation and explanation; exegesis; esp., that branch of theology which defines the laws whereby the meaning of the Scriptures is to be ascertained. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

HERMES Her"mes, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Myth.)

Defn: See Mercury.

Note: Hermes Trismegistus Etym: [Gr. 'Ermh^s trisme`gistos, lit., Hermes thrice greatest] was a late name of Hermes, especially as identified with the Egyptian god Thoth. He was the fabled inventor of astrology and alchemy.

2. (Archæology)

Defn: Originally, a boundary stone dedicated to Hermes as the god of boundaries, and therefore bearing in some cases a head, or head and shoulders, placed upon a quadrangular pillar whose height is that of the body belonging to the head, sometimes having feet or other parts of the body sculptured upon it. These figures, though often representing Hermes, were used for other divinities, and even, in later times, for portraits of human beings. Called also herma. See Terminal statue, under Terminal.

HERMETIC; HERMETICAL Her*met"ic, Her*met"ic*al, a. Etym: [F. hermétique. See Note under Hermes, 1.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or taught by, Hermes Trismegistus; as, hermetic philosophy. Hence: Alchemical; chemic. "Delusions of the hermetic art." Burke. The alchemists, as the people were called who tried to make gold, considered themselves followers of Hermes, and often called themselves Hermetic philosophers. A. B. Buckley.

2. Of or pertaining to the system which explains the causes of diseases and the operations of medicine on the principles of the hermetic philosophy, and which made much use, as a remedy, of an alkali and an acid; as, hermetic medicine.

3. Made perfectly close or air-tight by fusion, so that no gas or spirit can enter or escape; as, an hermetic seal. See Note under Hermetically. Hermetic art, alchemy. -- Hermetic books. (a) Books of the Egyptians, which treat of astrology. (b) Books which treat of universal principles, of the nature and orders of celestial beings, of medicine, and other topics.

HERMETICALLY Her*met"ic*al*ly, adv.

1. In an hermetical manner; chemically. Boyle.

2. By fusion, so as to form an air-tight closure.

Note: A vessel or tube is hermetically sealed when it is closed completely against the passage of air or other fluid by fusing the extremity; -- sometimes less properly applied to any air-tight closure.

HERMIT Her"mit, n. Etym: [OE. ermite, eremite, heremit, heremite, F. hermite, ermite, L. eremita, Gr. Eremite.]

1. A person who retires from society and lives in solitude; a recluse; an anchoret; especially, one who so lives from religious motives. He had been Duke of Savoy, and after a very glorious reign, took on him the habit of a hermit, and retired into this solitary spot. Addison.

2. A beadsman; one bound to pray for another. [Obs.] "We rest your hermits." Shak. Hermit crab (Zoöl.), a marine decapod crustacean of the family Paguridæ. The species are numerous, and belong to many genera. Called also soldier crab. The hermit crabs usually occupy the dead shells of various univalve mollusks. See Illust. of Commensal. -- Hermit thrush (Zoöl.), an American thrush (Turdus Pallasii), with retiring habits, but having a sweet song. -- Hermit warbler (Zoöl.), a California wood warbler (Dendroica occidentalis), having the head yellow, the throat black, and the back gray, with black streaks.

HERMITAGE Her"mit*age (; 48), n. Etym: [OE. hermitage, ermitage, F. hermitage, ermitage. See Hermit.]

1. The habitation of a hermit; a secluded residence. Some forlorn and naked hermitage, Remote from all the pleasures of the world. Shak.

2. Etym: [F. Vin de l'Hermitage.]

Defn: A celebrated French wine, both white and red, of the Department of Drôme.

HERMITARY Her"mit*a*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. hermitorium, eremitorium.]

Defn: A cell annexed to an abbey, for the use of a hermit. Howell.

HERMITESS Her"mit*ess, n.

Defn: A female hermit. Coleridge.

HERMITICAL Her*mit"i*cal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or suited for, a hermit. Coventry.

HERMODACTYL Her`mo*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [NL. hermodactylus, lit., Hermes' finger; fr. Gr. (med.)

Defn: A heart-shaped bulbous root, about the size of a finger, brought from Turkey, formerly used as a cathartic.

HERMOGENIAN Her`mo*ge"ni*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A disciple of Hermogenes, and heretical teacher who lived in Africa near the close of the second century. He ha

HERN Hern, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A heron; esp., the common European heron. "A stately hern." Trench.

HERNANI Her*na"ni, n.

Defn: A thin silk or woolen goods, for women's dresses, woven in various styles and colors.

HERNE Herne, n. Etym: [AS. hyrne.]

Defn: A corner. [Obs.] Lurking in hernes and in lanes blind. Chaucer.

HERNIA Her"ni*a, n.; pl. E. Hernias, L. Herniæ. Etym: [L.] (Med.)

Defn: A protrusion, consisting of an organ or part which has escaped from its natural cavity, and projects through some natural or accidental opening in the walls of the latter; as, hernia of the brain, of the lung, or of the bowels. Hernia of the abdominal viscera in most common. Called also rupture. Strangulated hernia, a hernia so tightly compressed in some part of the channel through which it has been protruded as to arrest its circulation, and produce swelling of the protruded part. It may occur in recent or chronic hernia, but is more common in the latter.

HERNIAL Her"ni*al, a.

Defn: Of, or connected with, hernia.

HERNIOTOMY Her`ni*ot"o*my, n. Etym: [Hernia + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A cutting for the cure or relief of hernia; celotomy.

HERNSHAW Hern"shaw, n.

Defn: Heronshaw. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERO He"ro, n.; pl. Heroes. Etym: [F. héros, L. heros, Gr.

1. (Myth.)

Defn: An illustrious man, supposed to be exalted, after death, to a place among the gods; a demigod, as Hercules.

2. A man of distinguished valor or enterprise in danger, or fortitude in suffering; a prominent or central personage in any remarkable action or event; hence, a great or illustrious person. Each man is a hero and oracle to somebody. Emerson.

3. The principal personage in a poem, story, and the like, or the person who has the principal share in the transactions related; as Achilles in the Iliad, Ulysses in the Odyssey, and Æneas in the Æneid. The shining quality of an epic hero. Dryden. Hero worship, extravagant admiration for great men, likened to the ancient worship of heroes. Hero worship exists, has existed, and will forever exist, universally among mankind. Carlyle.

HERODIAN He*ro"di*an, n. (Jewish Hist.)

Defn: One of a party among the Jews, composed of partisans of Herod of Galilee. They joined with the Pharisees against Christ.

HERODIONES He*ro`di*o"nes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of wading birds, including the herons, storks, and allied forms. Called also Herodii. -- He*ro`di*o"nine, a.

HEROESS He"ro*ess, n.

Defn: A heroine. [Obs.] Dryden.

HEROIC He*ro"ic, a. Etym: [F. héroïque, L. heroïcus, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to, or like, a hero; of the nature of heroes; distinguished by the existence of heroes; as, the heroic age; an heroic people; heroic valor.

2. Worthy of a hero; bold; daring; brave; illustrious; as, heroic action; heroic enterprises.

3. (Sculpture & Painting)

Defn: Larger than life size, but smaller than colossal; -- said of the representation of a human figure. Heroic Age, the age when the heroes, or those called the children of the gods, are supposed to have lived. -- Heroic poetry, that which celebrates the deeds of a hero; epic poetry. -- Heroic treatment or remedies (Med.), treatment or remedies of a severe character, suited to a desperate case. -- Heroic verse (Pros.), the verse of heroic or epic poetry, being in English, German, and Italian the iambic of ten syllables; in French the iambic of twelve syllables; and in classic poetry the hexameter.

Syn. -- Brave; intrepid; courageous; daring; valiant; bold; gallant; fearless; enterprising; noble; magnanimous; illustrious.

HEROICAL He*ro"ic*al, a.

Defn: Heroic. [R.] Spectator. -- He*ro"ic*al*ly, adv. -- He*ro"ic*al*ness, n.

HEROICNESS He*ro"ic*ness, n.

Defn: Heroism. [R.] W. Montagu.

HEROICOMIC; HEROICOMICAL He`ro*i*com"ic, He`ro*i*com"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. héroïcomigue. See Heroic, and Comic.]

Defn: Combining the heroic and the ludicrous; denoting high burlesque; as, a heroicomic poem.

HEROINE Her"o*ine, n. Etym: [F. héroïne, L. heroina, Gr. Hero.]

1. A woman of an heroic spirit. The heroine assumed the woman's place. Dryden.

2. The principal female person who figures in a remarkable action, or as the subject of a poem or story.

HEROISM Her"o*ism, n. Etym: [F. héroïsme.]

Defn: The qualities characteristic of a hero, as courage, bravery, fortitude, unselfishness, etc.; the display of such qualities. Heroism is the self-devotion of genius manifesting itself in action. Hare.

Syn. -- Heroism, Courage, Fortitude, Bravery, Valor, Intrepidity, Gallantry. Courage is generic, denoting fearlessness or defiance of danger; fortitude is passive courage, the habit of bearing up nobly under trials, danger, and sufferings; bravery is courage displayed in daring acts; valor is courage in battle or other conflicts with living opponents; intrepidity is firm courage, which shrinks not amid the most appalling dangers; gallantry is adventurous courage, dashing into the thickest of the fight. Heroism may call into exercise all these modifications of courage. It is a contempt of danger, not from ignorance or inconsiderate levity, but from a noble devotion to some great cause, and a just confidence of being able to meet danger in the spirit of such a cause. Cf. Courage.

HEROLOGIST; HEROELOGIST He`röl"o*gist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who treats of heroes. [R.] T. Warton.

HERON Her"on, n. Etym: [OE. heiroun, heroun, heron, hern, OF. hairon, F. héron, OHG. heigir; cf. Icel. hegri, Dan. heire, Sw. häger, and also G. häher jay, jackdaw, OHG. hehara, higere, woodpecker, magpie, D. reiger heron, G. reiher, AS. hragra. Cf. Aigret, Egret.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any wading bird of the genus Ardea and allied genera, of the family Ardeidæ. The herons have a long, sharp bill, and long legs and toes, with the claw of the middle toe toothed. The common European heron (Ardea cinerea) is remarkable for its directly ascending flight, and was formerly hunted with the larger falcons.

Note: There are several common American species; as, the great blue heron (Ardea herodias); the little blue (A. coerulea); the green (A. virescens); the snowy (A. candidissima); the night heron or qua-bird (Nycticorax nycticorax). The plumed herons are called egrets. Heron's bill (Bot.), a plant of the genus Erodium; -- so called from the fancied resemblance of the fruit to the head and beak of the heron.

HERONER Her"on*er, n.

Defn: A hawk used in hunting the heron. "Heroner and falcon." Chaucer.

HERONRY Her"on*ry, n.

Defn: A place where herons breed.

HERONSEW Her"on*sew, n.

Defn: A heronshaw. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERONSHAW Her"on*shaw, n. Etym: [OF. heroncel, dim. of héron. See Heron.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A heron. [Written variously hernshaw, harnsey, etc.]

HEROSHIP He"ro*ship, n.

Defn: The character or personality of a hero. "Three years of heroship." Cowper.

HERPES Her"pes, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An eruption of the skin, taking various names, according to its form, or the part affected; especially, an eruption of vesicles in small distinct clusters, accompanied with itching or tingling, including shingles, ringworm, and the like; -- so called from its tendency to creep or spread from one part of the skin to another.

HERPETIC Her*pet"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. herpétique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the herpes; partaking of the nature of herpes; as, herpetic eruptions.

HERPETISM Her"pe*tism, n. Etym: [See Herpes.] (Med.)

Defn: See Dartrous diathesis, under Dartrous.

HERPETOLOGIC; HERPETOLOGICAL Her*pet`o*log"ic, Her*pet`o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to herpetology.

HERPETOLOGIST Her`pe*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in herpetology, or the natural history of reptiles.

HERPETOLOGY Her`pe*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Written also, but less properly, erpetology.] Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. herpétologie.]

Defn: The natural history of reptiles; that branch of zoölogy which relates to reptiles, including their structure, classification, and habits.

HERPETOTOMIST Her`pe*tot"o*mist, n.

Defn: One who dissects, or studies the anatomy of, reptiles.

HERPETOTOMY Her`pe*tot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The anatomy or dissection of reptiles.

HERR Herr, n.

Defn: A title of respect given to gentlemen in Germany, equivalent to the English Mister.

HERRENHAUS Her"ren*haus`, n. [G., House of Lords.]

Defn: See Legislature, Austria, Prussia.

HERRING Her"ring, n. Etym: [OE. hering, AS. hæring; akin to D. haring, G. häring, hering, OHG. haring, hering, and prob. to AS. here army, and so called because they commonly move in large numbers. Cf. Harry.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of various species of fishes of the genus Clupea, and allied genera, esp. the common round or English herring (C. harengus) of the North Atlantic. Herrings move in vast schools, coming in spring to the shores of Europe and America, where they are salted and smoked in great quantities. Herring gull (Zoöl.), a large gull which feeds in part upon herrings; esp., Larus argentatus in America, and L. cachinnans in England. See Gull. -- Herring hog (Zoöl.), the common porpoise. -- King of the herrings. (Zoöl.) (a) The chimæra (C. monstrosa) which follows the schools of herring. See Chimæra. (b) The opah.

HERRINGBONE Her"ring*bone", a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or like, the spine of a herring; especially, characterized by an arrangement of work in rows of parallel lines, which in the alternate rows slope in different directions. Herringbone stitch, a kind of cross-stitch in needlework, chiefly used in flannel. Simmonds.

HERRNHUTER Herrn"hut*er, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of the Moravians; -- so called from the settlement of Herrnhut (the Lord's watch) made, about 1722, by the Moravians at the invitation of Nicholas Lewis, count of Zinzendorf, upon his estate in the circle of Bautzen.

HERS Hers, pron.

Defn: See the Note under Her, pr.

HERSAL Her"sal, n.

Defn: Rehearsal. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERSCHEL Her"schel, n. (Astron.)

Defn: See Uranus.

HERSCHELIAN Her*sche"li*an, a.

Defn: Of or relating to Sir William Herschel; as, the Herschelian telescope.

HERSE Herse, n. Etym: [F. herse harrow, portcullis, OF. herce, LL. hercia, L. hirpex, gen. hirpicis, and irpex, gen. irpicis, harrow. The LL. hercia signifies also a kind of candlestick in the form of a harrow, having branches filled with lights, and placed at the head of graves or cenotaphs; whence herse came to be used for the grave, coffin, or chest containing the dead. Cf. Hearse.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: A kind of gate or portcullis, having iron bars, like a harrow, studded with iron spikes. It is hung above gateways so that it may be quickly lowered, to impede the advance of an enemy. Farrow.

2. See Hearse, a carriage for the dead.

3. A funeral ceremonial. [Obs.] Spenser.

HERSE Herse, v. t.

Defn: Same as Hearse, v. t. Chapman.

HERSELF Her*self", pron.

1. An emphasized form of the third person feminine pronoun; -- used as a subject with she; as, she herself will bear the blame; also used alone in the predicate, either in the nominative or objective case; as, it is herself; she blames herself.

2. Her own proper, true, or real character; hence, her right, or sane, mind; as, the woman was deranged, but she is now herself again; she has come to herself. By herself, alone; apart; unaccompanied.

HERSILLON Her"sil*lon, n. Etym: [F., fr. herse a harrow. See Herse, n.] (Fort.)

Defn: A beam with projecting spikes, used to make a breach impassable.

HERT Hert, n.

Defn: A hart. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERTE Her"te, n.

Defn: A heart. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERTELY Her"te*ly, a. & adv.

Defn: Hearty; heartily. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HERTZIAN Hertz"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pert. to the German physicist Heinrich Hertz.

Hertzian telegraphy, telegraphy by means of the Hertzian waves; wireless telegraphy. -- H. waves, electric waves; -- so called because Hertz was the first to investigate them systematically. His apparatus consisted essentially in an oscillator for producing the waves, and a resonator for detecting them. The waves were found to have the same velocity as light, and to undergo reflection, refraction, and polarization.

HERY Her"y, v. t. Etym: [AS. herian.]

Defn: To worship; to glorify; to praise. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

HERZOG Her"zog, n. [G., akin to AS. heretoga, lit., army leader. See Harry, and Duke.]

Defn: A member of the highest rank of nobility in Germany and Austria, corresponding to the British duke.

HESITANCY Hes"i*tan*cy, n. Etym: [L. haesitantia a stammering.]

1. The act of hesitating, or pausing to consider; slowness in deciding; vacillation; also, the manner of one who hesitates.

2. A stammering; a faltering in speech.

HESITANT Hes"i*tant, a. Etym: [L. haesitans, p. pr. of haesitare: cf. F. hésitant. See Hesitate.]

1. Not prompt in deciding or acting; hesitating.

2. Unready in speech. Baxter.

HESITANTLY Hes"i*tant*ly, adv.

Defn: With hesitancy or doubt.

HESITATE Hes"i*tate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hesitated; p. pr. & vb. n. Hesitating.] Etym: [L. haesitatus, p. p. of haesitare, intens. fr. haerere to hesitate, stick fast; to hang or hold fast. Cf. Aghast, Gaze, Adhere.]

1. To stop or pause respecting decision or action; to be in suspense or uncertainty as to a determination; as, he hesitated whether to accept the offer or not; men often hesitate in forming a judgment. Pope.

2. To stammer; to falter in speaking.

Syn. -- To doubt; waver; scruple; deliberate; demur; falter; stammer.

HESITATE Hes"i*tate, v. t.

Defn: To utter with hesitation or to intimate by a reluctant manner. [Poetic & R.] Just hint a fault, and hesitate dislike. Pope.

HESITATINGLY Hes"i*ta`ting*ly, adv.

Defn: With hesitation or doubt.

HESITATION Hes`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. haesitatio: cf. F. hésitation.]

1. The act of hesitating; suspension of opinion or action; doubt; vacillation.

2. A faltering in speech; stammering. Swift.

HESITATIVE Hes"i*ta*tive, a.

Defn: Showing, or characterized by, hesitation. [He said] in his mild, hesitative way. R. D. Blackmore.

HESITATORY Hes"i*ta*to*ry, a.

Defn: Hesitating. R. North.

HESP Hesp, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. hespa a hasp, a wisp or skein. See Hasp.]

Defn: A measure of two hanks of linen thread. [Scot.] [Written also hasp.] Knight.

HESPER Hes"per, n. Etym: [See Hesperian.]

Defn: The evening; Hesperus.

HESPERETIN Hes*per"e*tin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A white, crystalline substance having a sweetish taste, obtained by the decomposition of hesperidin, and regarded as a complex derivative of caffeic acid.

HESPERIAN Hes*pe"ri*an, a. Etym: [L. hesperius, fr. hesperus the evening star, Gr. Vesper.]

Defn: Western; being in the west; occidental. [Poetic] Milton.

HESPERIAN Hes*pe"ri*an, n.

Defn: A native or an inhabitant of a western country. [Poetic] J. Barlow.

HESPERIAN Hes*pe"ri*an, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a family of butterflies called Hesperidæ, or skippers. -- n.

Defn: Any one of the numerous species of Hesperidæ; a skipper.

HESPERID Hes"per*id, a. & n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as 3d Hesperian.

HESPERIDENE Hes*per"i*dene, n. Etym: [See Hesperidium.] (Chem.)

Defn: An isomeric variety of terpene from orange oil.

HESPERIDES Hes*per"i*des, n. pl. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: The daughters of Hesperus, or Night (brother of Atlas), and fabled possessors of a garden producing golden apples, in Africa, at the western extremity of the known world. To slay the guarding dragon and get some of these apples was one of the labors of Hercules. Called also Atlantides.

2. The garden producing the golden apples. It not love a Hercules, Still climbing trees in the Hesperides Shak.

HESPERIDIN Hes*per"i*din, n. Etym: [See Hesperidium.] (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside found in ripe and unripe fruit (as the orange), and extracted as a white crystalline substance.

HESPERIDIUM Hes`pe*rid"i*um, n. Etym: [NL. So called in allusion to the golden apples of the Hesperides. See Hesperides.] (Bot.)

Defn: A large berry with a thick rind, as a lemon or an orange.

HESPERORNIS Hes`pe*ror"nis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of large, extinct, wingless birds from the Cretaceous deposits of Kansas, belonging to the Odontornithes. They had teeth, and were essentially carnivorous swimming ostriches. Several species are known. See Illust. in Append.

HESPERUS Hes"pe*rus, n. Etym: [L. See Hesper.]

1. Venus when she is the evening star; Hesper.

2. Evening. [Poetic] The Sun was sunk, and after him the Star Of Hesperus. Milton.

HESSIAN Hes"sian, a.

Defn: Of or relating to Hesse, in Germany, or to the Hessians. Hessian boots, or Hessians, boot of a kind worn in England, in the early part of the nineteenth century, tasseled in front. Thackeray. -- Hessian cloth, or Hessians, a coarse hempen cloth for sacking. -- Hessian crucible. See under Crucible. -- Hessian fly (Zoöl.), a small dipterous fly or midge (Cecidomyia destructor). Its larvæ live between the base of the lower leaves and the stalk of wheat, and are very destructive to young wheat; -- so called from the erroneous idea that it was brought into America by the Hessian troops, during the Revolution.

HESSIAN Hes"sian, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Hesse.

2. A mercenary or venal person. [U. S.]

Note: This use is a relic of the patriot hatred of the Hessian mercenaries who served with the British troops in the Revolutionary War.

3. pl.

Defn: See Hessian boots and cloth, under Hessian, a.

HESSITE Hess"ite, n. Etym: [After H. Hess.] (Min.)

Defn: A lead-gray sectile mineral. It is a telluride of silver.

HEST Hest, n. Etym: [AS. hs, fr. h to call, bid. See Hight, and cf. Behest.]

Defn: Command; precept; injunction. [Archaic] See Behest. "At thy hest." Shak. Let him that yields obey the victor's hest. Fairfax. Yet I thy hest will all perform, at full. Tennyson.

HESTERN; HESTERNAL Hes"tern, Hes*ter"nal, a. Etym: [L. hesternus; akin to heri yesterday.]

Defn: Pertaining to yesterday. [Obs.] See Yester, a. Ld. Lytton.

HESYCHAST Hes"y*chast, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One of a mystical sect of the Greek Church in the fourteenth century; a quietist. Brande & C.

HETAERA; HETAIRA He*tæ"ra, He*tai"ra, n.; pl. -ræ (#). [NL. See Hetairism.] (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A female paramour; a mistress, concubine, or harlot. -- He*tæ"ric, He*tai"ric (#), a.

HETAIRISM; HETARISM He*tair"ism, Het"a*rism, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A supposed primitive state of society, in which all the women of a tribe were held in common. H. Spencer. -- Het`a*ris"tic, a.

HETCHEL Hetch"el, v. t.

Defn: Same as Hatchel.

HETE Hete, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Hete, later Het.]

Defn: Variant of Hote. [Obs.] But one avow to greate God I hete. Chaucer.

HETERACANTH Het"er*a*canth, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the spines of the dorsal fin unsymmetrical, or thickened alternately on the right and left sides.

HETERARCHY Het"er*arch`y, n. Etym: [Hetero- + -archy.]

Defn: The government of an alien. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

HETERAUXESIS Het`e*raux*e"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Unequal growth of a cell, or of a part of a plant.

HETERO- Het"er*o-. Etym: [Gr. "e`teros other.]

Defn: A combining form signifying other, other than usual, different; as, heteroclite, heterodox, heterogamous.

HETEROCARPISM Het`er*o*car"pism, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The power of producing two kinds of reproductive bodies, as in Amphicarpæa, in which besides the usual pods, there are others underground.

HETEROCARPOUS Het`er*o*car"pous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Characterized by heterocarpism.

HETEROCEPHALOUS Het`e*ro*ceph"a*lous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing two kinds of heads or capitula; -- said of certain composite plants.

HETEROCERA Het`e*roc"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Lepidoptera, including the moths, and hawk moths, which have the antennæ variable in form.

HETEROCERCAL Het`er*o*cer"cal, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the vertebral column evidently continued into the upper lobe of the tail, which is usually longer than the lower one, as in sharks.

HETEROCERCY Het"er*o*cer`cy, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (anat.)

Defn: Unequal development of the tail lobes of fishes; the possession of a heterocercal tail.

HETEROCHROMOUS Het`er*o*chro"mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (bot.)

Defn: Having the central florets of a flower head of a different color from those of the circumference.

HETEROCHRONISM; HETEROCHRONY Het`er*och"ro*nism, Het`er*och"ro*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: In evolution, a deviation from the typical sequence in the formation of organs or parts.

HETEROCLITE Het"er*o*clite, a. Etym: [L. heteroclitus, Gr. hétéroclite.]

Defn: Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous; abnormal.

HETEROCLITE Het"er*o*clite, n.

1. (Gram.)

Defn: A word which is irregular or anomalous either in declension or conjugation, or which deviates from ordinary forms of inflection in words of a like kind; especially, a noun which is irregular in declension.

2. Any thing or person deviating from the common rule, or from common forms. Howell.

HETEROCLITIC; HETEROCLITICAL Het`er*o*clit"ic, Het`er*o*clit"ic*al, a. Etym: [See Heteroclite.]

Defn: Deviating from ordinary forms or rules; irregular; anomalous; abnormal.

HETEROCLITOUS Het`er*oc"li*tous, a.

Defn: Heteroclitic. [Obs.]

HETEROCYST Het"er*o*cyst, n. Etym: [Hetero- + cyst.] (Bot.)

Defn: A cell larger than the others, and of different appearance, occurring in certain algæ related to nostoc.

HETERODACTYL Het`er*o*dac"tyl, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Heterodactylous. -- n.

Defn: One of the Heterodactylæ.

HETERODACTYLAE Het`e*ro*dac"ty*læ, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of birds including the trogons.

HETERODACTYLOUS Het`er*o*dac"tyl*ous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the first and second toes turned backward, as in the trogons.

HETERODONT Het"er*o*dont, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the teeth differentiated into incisors, canines, and molars, as in man; -- opposed to homodont.

HETERODONT Het"er*o*dont, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any animal with heterodont dentition.

HETERODOX Het"er*o*dox, a. Etym: [Gr. hétérodoxe.]

1. Contrary to, or differing from, some acknowledged standard, as the Bible, the creed of a church, the decree of a council, and the like; not orthodox; heretical; -- said of opinions, doctrines, books, etc., esp. upon theological subjects. Raw and indigested, heterodox, preaching. Strype.

2. Holding heterodox opinions, or doctrines not orthodox; heretical; -- said of persons. Macaulay. -- Het"er*o*dox`ly, adv. -- Het"er*o*dox`ness, n.

HETERODOX Het"er*o*dox, n.

Defn: An opinion opposed to some accepted standard. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

HETERODOXAL Het"er*o*dox`al, a.

Defn: Not orthodox. Howell.

HETERODOXY Het"er*o*dox`y, n. Etym: [Gr. hétérodoxie.]

Defn: An opinion or doctrine, or a system of doctrines, contrary to some established standard of faith, as the Scriptures, the creed or standards of a church, etc.; heresy. Bp. Bull.

HETERODROMOUS Het`er*od"ro*mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Having spirals of changing direction. Gray.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: Moving in opposite directions; -- said of a lever, pulley, etc., in which the resistance and the actuating force are on opposite sides of the fulcrum or axis.

HETEROECIOUS Het`er*o"cious, a. [Hetero- + Gr. house.] (Bot.)

Defn: Passing through the different stages in its life history on an alternation of hosts, as the common wheat-rust fungus (Puccinia graminis), and certain other parasitic fungi; -- contrasted with autocious. -- Het`er*o"cism (#), n.

HETEROGAMOUS Het`er*og"a*mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. ga`mos marriage: cf. F. hétérogame.] (Bot. & Biol.) (a) The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers which differ in regard to stamens and pistils, as in the aster. (b) Characterized by heterogamy.

HETEROGAMY Het`er*og"a*my, n. Etym: [See Heterogamous.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The process of fertilization in plants by an indirect or circuitous method; -- opposed to orthogamy.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: That form of alternate generation in which two kinds of sexual generation, or a sexual and a parthenogenetic generation, alternate; -- in distinction from metagenesis, where sexual and asexual generations alternate. Claus & Sedgwick.

HETEROGANGLIATE Het`er*o*gan"gli*ate, a. Etym: [Hetero- + gangliate.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Having the ganglia of the nervous system unsymmetrically arranged; -- said of certain invertebrate animals.

HETEROGENE Het"er*o*gene, a.

Defn: Heterogenous. [Obs.]

HETEROGENEAL Het`er*o*ge"ne*al, a.

Defn: Heterogeneous.

HETEROGENEITY Het`er*o*ge*ne"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hétérogénéité.]

Defn: The state of being heterogeneous; contrariety. The difference, indeed the heterogeneity, of the two may be felt. Coleridge.

HETEROGENEOUS Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. kin: cf. F. hétérogène.]

Defn: Differing in kind; having unlike qualities; possessed of different characteristics; dissimilar; -- opposed to homogeneous, and said of two or more connected objects, or of a conglomerate mass, considered in respect to the parts of which it is made up. -- Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ly, adv. -- Het`er*o*ge"ne*ous*ness, n. Heterogeneous nouns (Gram.), nouns having different genders in the singular and plural numbers; as, hic locus, of the masculine gender in the singular, and hi loci and hæc loca, both masculine and neuter in the plural; hoc cælum, neuter in the singular; hi cæli, masculine in the plural. -- Heterogeneous quantities (Math.), such quantities as are incapable of being compared together in respect to magnitude, and surfaces and solids. -- Heterogeneous surds (Math.), surds having different radical signs.

HETEROGENESIS Het`er*o*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Hetero- + genesis.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Spontaneous generation, so called.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: That method of reproduction in which the successive generations differ from each other, the parent organism producing offspring different in habit and structure from itself, the original form, however, reappearing after one or more generations; -- opposed to homogenesis, or gamogenesis.

HETEROGENETIC Het`er*o*ge*net"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to heterogenesis; as, heterogenetic transformations.

HETEROGENIST Het`er*og"e*nist, n. (Biol.)

Defn: One who believes in the theory of spontaneous generation, or heterogenesis. Bastian.

HETEROGENOUS Het`er*og"e*nous, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to heterogenesis; heterogenetic.

HETEROGENY Het`er*og"e*ny, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Heterogenesis.

HETEROGONOUS Het`er*og"o*nous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Characterized by heterogony. -- Het`er*og"o*nous*ly, adv.

HETEROGONY Het`er*og"o*ny, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The condition of having two or more kinds of flowers, different as to the length of their stamens and pistils.

HETEROGRAPHIC Het`er*o*graph"ic, a. Etym: [See Heterography.]

Defn: Employing the same letters to represent different sounds in different words or syllables; -- said of methods of spelling; as, the ordinary English orthography is heterographic.

HETEROGRAPHY Het`er*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Hetero- + -graphy.]

Defn: That method of spelling in which the same letters represent different sounds in different words, as in the ordinary English orthography; e. g., g in get and in ginger.

HETEROGYNOUS Het`er*og"y*nous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having females very unlike the males in form and structure; -- as certain insects, the males of which are winged, and the females wingless.

HETEROLOGOUS Het`er*ol"o*gous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: Characterized by heterology; consisting of different elements, or of like elements in different proportions; different; -- opposed to homologous; as, heterologous organs. Heterologous stimulus. (Physiol.) See under Stimulus. -- Heterologous tumor (Med.), a tumor differing in structure from the normal tissues of the body.

HETEROLOGY Het`er*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Hetero- + -logy.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: The absence of correspondence, or relation, in type of structure; lack of analogy between parts, owing to their being composed of different elements, or of like elements in different proportions; variation in structure from the normal form; -- opposed to homology.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: The connection or relation of bodies which have partial identity of composition, but different characteristics and properties; the relation existing between derivatives of the same substance, or of the analogous members of different series; as, ethane, ethyl alcohol, acetic aldehyde, and acetic acid are in heterology with each other, though each in at the same time a member of a distinct homologous series. Cf. Homology.

HETEROMERA Het`e*rom"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Coleoptera, having heteromerous tarsi.

HETEROMEROUS Het`er*om"er*ous, a. Etym: [See Heteromera.]

1. (Chem & Crystallog.)

Defn: Unrelated in chemical composition, though similar or indentical in certain other respects; as, borax and augite are homoemorphous, but heteromerous.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: With the parts not corresponding in number.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) Having the femoral artery developed as the principal artery of the leg; -- said of certain birds, as the cotingas and pipras. (b) Having five tarsal joints in the anterior and middle legs, but only four in the posterior pair, as the blister beetles and oil beetles.

HETEROMORPHIC Het`er*o*mor"phic, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Deviating from the normal, perfect, or mature form; having different forms at different stages of existence, or in different individuals of the same species; -- applied especially to insects in which there is a wide difference of form between the larva and the adult, and to plants having more than one form of flower.

HETEROMORPHISM; HETEROMORPHY Het`er*o*mor"phism, Het`er*o*mor"phy, n. (Biol.)

Defn: The state or quality of being heteromorphic.

HETEROMORPHOUS Het`er*o*mor"phous, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Heteromorphic.

HETEROMYARIA Het`e*ro*my*a"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of bivalve shells, including the marine mussels, in which the two adductor muscles are very unequal. See Dreissena, and Illust. under Byssus.

HETERONEREIS Het`e*ro*ne*re"is, n. Etym: [NL. See Hetero-, and Nereis.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A free-swimming, dimorphic, sexual form of certain species of Nereis.

Note: In this state the head and its appendages are changed in form, the eyes become very large; more or less of the parapodia are highly modified by the development of finlike lobes, and branchial lamellæ, and their setæ become longer and bladelike.

HETERONOMOUS Het`er*on"o*mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. no`mos law.]

Defn: Subject to the law of another. Krauth-Fleming.

HETERONOMY Het`er*on"o*my, n.

1. Subordination or subjection to the law of another; political subjection of a community or state; -- opposed to autonomy.

2. (Metaph.)

Defn: A term applied by Kant to those laws which are imposed on us from without, or the violence done to us by our passions, wants, or desires. Krauth-Fleming.

HETERONYM Het"er*o*nym, n.

Defn: That which is heteronymous; a thing having a different name or designation from some other thing; -- opposed to homonym.

HETERONYMOUS Het`er*on"y*mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. "o`nyma, for "o`noma a name.]

Defn: Having different names or designations; standing in opposite relations. J. Le Conte. -- Het"er*on"y*mous*ly, adv.

HETEROOUSIAN Het`er*o*ou`si*an, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: Having different essential qualities; of a different nature.

HETEROOUSIAN Het`er*o*ou"si*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of those Arians who held that the Son was of a different substance from the Father.

HETEROOUSIOUS Het`er*o*ou"si*ous, a.

Defn: See Heteroousian.

HETEROPATHIC Het`er*o*path"ic, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the method of heteropathy; allopathic.

HETEROPATHY Het`er*op"a*thy, n. Etym: [See Heteropathic.] (Med.)

Defn: That mode of treating diseases, by which a morbid condition is removed by inducing an opposite morbid condition to supplant it; allopathy.

HETEROPELMOUS Het`er*o*pel"mous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having each of the two flexor tendons of the toes bifid, the branches of one going to the first and second toes; those of the other, to the third and fourth toes. See Illust. in Append.

HETEROPHAGI Het`e*roph"a*gi, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Altrices.

HETEROPHEMIST Het`er*oph"e*mist, n.

Defn: One liable to the fault of heterophemy.

HETEROPHEMY Het`er*oph"e*my, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: The unconscious saying, in speech or in writing, of that which one does not intend to say; -- frequently the very reverse of the thought which is present to consciousness. R. G. White.

HETEROPHONY Het`er*oph"o*ny, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An abnormal state of the voice. Mayne.

HETEROPHYLLOUS Het`er*oph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Gr. hétérophylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having leaves of more than one shape on the same plant.

HETEROPLASM Het"er*o*plasm, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr.

Defn: An abnormal formation foreign to the economy, and composed of elements different from those are found in it in its normal condition. Dunglison.

HETEROPLASTIC Het`er*o*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Hetero- + -plastic.] (Biol.)

Defn: Producing a different type of organism; developing into a different form of tissue, as cartilage which develops into bone. Haeckel.

HETEROPOD Het`er*o*pod, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hétéropode.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Heteropoda. -- a.

Defn: Heteropodous.

HETEROPODA Het`e*rop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of pelagic Gastropoda, having the foot developed into a median fin. Some of the species are naked; others, as Carinaria and Atlanta, have thin glassy shells.

HETEROPODOUS Het`er*op"o*dous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Heteropoda.

HETEROPTER Het`er*op"ter, n.

Defn: One of the Heteroptera.

HETEROPTERA Het`e*rop"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A suborder of Hemiptera, in which the base of the anterior wings is thickened. See Hemiptera.

HETEROPTICS Het`er*op"tics, n. Etym: [Hetero- + optics.]

Defn: False optics. Spectator.

HETEROSCIAN Het`er*os"cian, n. Etym: [Gr. hétéroscien.]

Defn: One who lives either north or south of the tropics, as contrasted with one who lives on the other side of them; -- so called because at noon the shadows always fall in opposite directions (the one northward, the other southward).

HETEROSIS Het`e*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure of speech by which one form of a noun, verb, or pronoun, and the like, is used for another, as in the sentence: "What is life to such as me" Aytoun.

HETEROSOMATI Het`e*ro*so"ma*ti, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes, comprising the flounders, halibut, sole, etc., having the body and head asymmetrical, with both eyes on one side. Called also Heterosomata, Heterosomi.

HETEROSPORIC; HETEROSPOROUS Het`er*o*spor"ic, Het`er*o*spor"ous, a. Etym: [Hetero- + spore.] (Bot.)

Defn: Producing two kinds of spores unlike each other.

HETEROSTYLED Het"er*o*styled, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having styles of two or more distinct forms or lengths. Darwin.

HETEROSTYLISM Het`er*o*sty"lism, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The condition of being heterostyled.

HETEROTACTOUS Het`er*o*tac"tous, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to, or characterized by, heterotaxy.

HETEROTAXY Het"er*o*tax`y, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Variation in arrangement from that existing in a normal form; heterogenous arrangement or structure, as, in botany, the deviation in position of the organs of a plant, from the ordinary or typical arrangement.

HETEROTOPISM; HETEROTOPY Het`er*ot"o*pism, Het`er*ot"o*py, n. Etym: [Hetero- + Gr. hétérotopie.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: A deviation from the natural position; -- a term applied in the case of organs or growths which are abnormal in situation.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: A deviation from the natural position of parts, supposed to be effected in thousands of years, by the gradual displacement of germ cells.

HETEROTRICHA Het`e*rot"ri*cha, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of ciliated Infusoria, having fine cilia all over the body, and a circle of larger ones around the anterior end.

HETEROTROPAL; HETEROTROPOUS Het`er*ot"ro*pal, Het`er*ot"ro*pous (, a. Etym: [Gr. "etero`tropos turning another way; hétérotrope.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the embryo or ovule oblique or transverse to the funiculus; amphitropous. Gray.

HETHING He"thing, n.

Defn: Contempt; scorn. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HETMAN Het"man, n.; pl. Hetmans. Etym: [Pol. hetman. Cf. Ataman.]

Defn: A Cossack headman or general. The title of chief hetman is now held by the heir to the throne of Russia.

HEUGH Heugh, n. Etym: [Cf. Hogh.]

1. A crag; a cliff; a glen with overhanging sides. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

2. A shaft in a coal pit; a hollow in a quarry. [Scot.]

HEUK Heuk, n.

Defn: Variant of Huke. [Obs.]

HEULANDITE Heu"land*ite, n. Etym: [After Heuland, an English mineralogist.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of the Zeolite family, often occurring in amygdaloid, in foliated masses, and also in monoclinic crystals with pearly luster on the cleavage face. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime.

HEURISTIC Heu*ris"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Serving to discover or find out.

HEVED Hev"ed, n.

Defn: The head. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEW Hew, v. t. [imp. Hewed; p. p. Hewed or Hewn (; p. pr. & vb. n. Hewing.] Etym: [AS. heáwan; akin to D. houwen, OHG. houwan, G. hauen, Icel. höggva, Sw. hugga, Dan. hugge, Lith. kova battle, Russ. kovate to hammer, forge. Cf. Hay cut grass, Hoe.]

1. To cut with an ax; to fell with a sharp instrument; -- often with down, or off. Shak.

2. To form or shape with a sharp instrument; to cut; hence, to form laboriously; -- often with out; as, to hew out a sepulcher. Look unto the rock whence ye are hewn. Is. li. 1. Rather polishing old works than hewing out new. Pope.

3. To cut in pieces; to chop; to hack. Hew them to pieces; hack their bones asunder. Shak.

HEW Hew, n.

Defn: Destruction by cutting down. [Obs.] Of whom he makes such havoc and such hew. Spenser.

HEW Hew, n.

1. Hue; color. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Shape; form. [Obs.] Spenser.

HEWE Hewe, n. Etym: [Cf. Hind a peasant.]

Defn: A domestic servant; a retainer. [Obs.] "False homely hewe." Chaucer.

HEWER Hew"er, n.

Defn: One who hews.

HEWHOLE Hew"hole`, n. Etym: [Cf. Hickwall.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European green woodpecker. See Yaffle.

HEWN Hewn, a.

1. Felled, cut, or shaped as with an ax; roughly squared; as, a house built of hewn logs.

2. Roughly dressed as with a hammer; as, hewn stone.

HEX-; HEXA Hex-, Hex"a. Etym: [Gr. Six.]

Defn: A prefix or combining form, used to denote six, sixth, etc.; as, hexatomic, hexabasic.

HEXABASIC Hex`a*ba"sic, a. Etym: [Hexa- + basic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having six hydrogen atoms or six radicals capable of being replaced or saturated by bases; -- said of acids; as, mellitic acid is hexabasic.

HEXACAPSULAR Hex`a*cap"su*lar, a. Etym: [Hexa- + capsular.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having six capsules or seed vessels.

HEXACHORD Hex"a*chord, n. Etym: [Hexa- + Gr. hexacorde.] (Mus.)

Defn: A series of six notes, with a semitone between the third and fourth, the other intervals being whole tones.

HEXACID Hex`ac"id, a. Etym: [Hex- + acid.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having six atoms or radicals capable of being replaced by acids; hexatomic; hexavalent; -- said of bases; as, mannite is a hexacid base.

HEXACTINELLID Hex*ac`ti*nel"lid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having six-rayed spicules; belonging to the Hexactinellinæ.

HEXACTINELLINE Hex*ac`ti*nel"line, a. Etym: [From NL. Hexactinellinæ, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Hexactinellinæ, a group of sponges, having six-rayed siliceous spicules.

HEXACTINIA Hex`ac*tin"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hex-, and Actinia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Anthozoa.

HEXAD Hex"ad, n. Etym: [L. hexas, hexadis, the number six, Gr. (chem.)

Defn: An atom whose valence is six, and which can be theoretically combined with, substituted for, or replaced by, six monad atoms or radicals; as, sulphur is a hexad in sulphuric acid. Also used as an adjective.

HEXADACTYLOUS Hex`a*dac"tyl*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. hexadactyle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having six fingers or toes.

HEXADE Hex"ade, n. Etym: [See Hexad.]

Defn: A series of six numbers.

HEXADECANE Hex"a*dec`ane, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Hecdecane.

HEXAGON Hex"a*gon, n. Etym: [L. hexagonum, Gr. six) + (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure of six angles. Regular hexagon, a hexagon in which the angles are all equal, and the sides are also all equal.

HEXAGONAL Hex*ag"o*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hexagonal.]

Defn: Having six sides and six angles; six-sided. Hexagonal system. (Crystal.) See under Crystallization.

HEXAGONALLY Hex*ag"o*nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In an hexagonal manner.

HEXAGONY Hex*ag"o*ny, n.

Defn: A hexagon. [Obs.] Bramhall.

HEXAGRAM Hex"a*gram, n. [Hexa- + -gram.] A figure of six lines; specif.: (a) A figure composed of two equal triangles intersecting so that each side of one triangle is parallel to a side of the other, and the six points coincide with those of a hexagon. (b) In Chinese literature, one of the sixty-four figures formed of six parallel lines (continuous or broken), forming the basis of the Yih King, or "Book of Changes." S. W. Williams.

HEXAGYNIA Hex`a*gyn"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hexagynie.] (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan order of plants having six pistils.

HEXAGYNIAN; HEXAGYNOUS Hex`a*gyn"i*an, Hex*ag"y*nous (, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hexagyne.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having six pistils.

HEXAHEDRAL Hex`a*he"dral, a.

Defn: In the form of a hexahedron; having six sides or faces.

HEXAHEDRON Hex`a*he"dron, n.; pl. E. Hexahedrons, L. Hexahedra. Etym: [Hexa- + Gr. hexaèdre.] (Geom.)

Defn: A solid body of six sides or faces. Regular hexahedron, a hexagon having six equal squares for its sides; a cube.

HEXAHEMERON Hex`a*hem"er*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hexaëmeron, Gr.

1. A term of six days. Good.

2. The history of the six day's work of creation, as contained in the first chapter of Genesis.

HEXAMEROUS Hex*am"er*ous, a. Etym: [Hexa- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: In six parts; in sixes.

HEXAMETER Hex*am"e*ter, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. hexamètre. See Six, and Meter.] (Gr. & Lat. Pros.)

Defn: A verse of six feet, the first four of which may be either dactyls or spondees, the fifth must regularly be a dactyl, and the sixth always a spondee. In this species of verse are composed the Iliad of Homer and the Æneid of Virgil. In English hexameters accent takes the place of quantity. Leaped like the | roe when he | hears in the | woodland the | voice of the | huntsman. Longfellow. Strongly it | bears us a- | long on | swelling and | limitless | billows, Nothing be- | fore and | nothing be- | hind but the | sky and the | ocean. Coleridge.

HEXAMETER Hex*am"e*ter, a.

Defn: Having six metrical feet, especially dactyls and spondees. Holland.

HEXAMETRIC; HEXAMETRICAL Hex`a*met"ric, Hex`a*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Consisting of six metrical feet.

HEXAMETRIST Hex*am"e*trist, n.

Defn: One who writes in hexameters. "The Christian hexametrists." Milman.

HEXANDRIA Hex*an"dri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. hexandrie.] (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants having six stamens.

HEXANDRIAN; HEX-ANDROUS Hex*an"dri*an, Hex-an"drous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hexandre.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having six stamens.

HEXANE Hex"ane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of five hydrocarbons, C6H14, of the paraffin series. They are colorless, volatile liquids, and are so called because the molecule has six carbon atoms.

HEXANGULAR Hex*an"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Hex- + angular. Cf. Sexangular.]

Defn: Having six angles or corners.

HEXAPETALOUS Hex`a*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Hexa- + petal: cf. F. hexapétale.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having six petals.

HEXAPHYLLOUS Hex*aph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Hexa- + Gr. hexaphylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having six leaves or leaflets.

HEXAPLA Hex"a*pla, n. Etym. pl., but syntactically sing. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: A collection of the Holy Scriptures in six languages or six versions in parallel columns; particularly, the edition of the Old Testament published by Origen, in the 3d century.

HEXAPOD Hex"a*pod, a. Etym: [Gr. hexapode.]

Defn: Having six feet. -- n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An animal having six feet; one of the Hexapoda.

HEXAPODA Hex*ap"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The true, or six-legged, insects; insects other than myriapods and arachnids.

Note: The Hexapoda have the head, thorax, and abdomen differentiated, and are mostly winged. They have three pairs of mouth organs, viz., mandibles, maxillæ, and the second maxillæ or labial palpi; three pairs of thoracic legs; and abdominal legs, which are present only in some of the lowest forms, and in the larval state of some of the higher ones. Many (the Metabola) undergo a complete metamorphosis, having larvæ (known as maggots, grubs, caterpillars) very unlike the adult, and pass through a quiescent pupa state in which no food is taken; others (the Hemimetabola) have larvæ much like the adult, expert in lacking wings, and an active pupa, in which rudimentary wings appear. See Insecta. The Hexapoda are divided into several orders.

HEXAPODOUS Hex*ap"o*dous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having six feet; belonging to the Hexapoda.

HEXAPTEROUS Hex*ap"ter*ous, a. Etym: [Hexa- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having six processes. Gray.

HEXASTICH; HEXASTICHON Hex"a*stich, Hex*as"ti*chon, n. Etym: [L. hexastichus of six rows, lines, or verses, Gr. "e`x six + sti`chos row, line, verse.]

Defn: A poem consisting of six verses or lines.

HEXASTYLE Hex"a*style, a. Etym: [Gr. hexastyle.] (Arch.)

Defn: Having six columns in front; -- said of a portico or temple. -- n.

Defn: A hexastyle portico or temple.

HEXATEUCH Hex"a*teuch`, n. Etym: [Hexa- +

Defn: The first six books of the Old Testament.

HEXATOMIC Hex`a*tom"ic, a. Etym: [Hex- + atomic.] (Chem.) (a) Having six atoms in the molecule. [R.] (b) Having six replaceable radicals.

HEXAVALENT Hex*av"a*lent, a. Etym: [Hexa- + L. valens, -entis, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having a valence of six; -- said of hexads.

HEXDECYL Hex"de*cyl, n. Etym: [Hex- + decyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: The essential radical, C16H33, of hecdecane.

HEXDECYLIC Hex`de*cyl"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, hexdecyl or hecdecane; as, hexdecylic alcohol.

HEXEIKOSANE Hex*ei"ko*sane, n. Etym: [Hex- + eikosane.] (chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon, C26H54, resembling paraffine; -- so called because each molecule has twenty-six atoms of carbon. [Written also hexacosane.]

HEXENE Hex"ene, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Hexylene.

HEXICOLOGY Hex`i*col"ogy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The science which treats of the complex relations of living creatures to other organisms, and to their surrounding conditions generally. St. George Mivart.

HEXINE Hex"ine, n. Etym: [Gr. "e`x six.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon, C6H10, of the acetylene series, obtained artificially as a colorless, volatile, pungent liquid; -- called also hexoylene.

HEXOCTAHEDRON Hex*oc`ta*he"dron, n. Etym: [Hex- + octahedron.] (Geom.)

Defn: A solid having forty-eight equal triangular faces.

HEXOIC Hex*o"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, hexane; as, hexoic acid.

HEXONE Hex"one, n. Etym: [Hex- + -one.] (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid hydrocarbon, C6H8, of the valylene series, obtained from distillation products of certain fats and gums.

HEXOSE Hex"ose, n. [Hexa- + -ose.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any member of a group of sugars containing six carbon atoms in the molecule. Some are widely distributed in nature, esp. in ripe fruits.

HEXYL Hex"yl, n. Etym: [Hex- + -yl.] (chem.)

Defn: A compound radical, C6H13, regarded as the essential residue of hexane, and a related series of compounds.

HEXYLENE Hex"yl*ene, n. Etym: [Hex- + -yl + ethlene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, liquid hydrocarbon, C6H12, of the ethylene series, produced artificially, and found as a natural product of distillation of certain coals; also, any one several isomers of hexylene proper. Called also hexene.

HEXYLIC Hex*yl"ic, a. (chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, hexyl or hexane; as, hexylic alcohol.

HEY Hey, a. Etym: [See High.]

Defn: High. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEY Hey, interj. Etym: [OE. hei; cf. D. & G. hei.]

1. An exclamation of joy, surprise, or encouragement. Shak.

2. A cry to set dogs on. Shak.

HEYDAY Hey"day`, interj. Etym: [Cf. G. heida, or hei da, D. hei daar. Cf. Hey, and There.]

Defn: An expression of frolic and exultation, and sometimes of wonder. B. Jonson.

HEYDAY Hey"day`, n. Etym: [Prob. for. high day. See High, and Day.]

Defn: The time of triumph and exultation; hence, joy, high spirits, frolicsomeness; wildness. The heyday in the blood is tame. Shak. In the heyday of their victories. J. H. Newman.

HEYDEGUY Hey"de*guy, n. Etym: [Perh. fr. heyday + guise.]

Defn: A kind of country-dance or round. [Obs.] Spenser.

HEYH; HEYGH Heyh, Heygh (, a.

Defn: High. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEYNE Heyne, n. Etym: [AS. heán low, mean.]

Defn: A wretch; a rascal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HEYTEN Hey"ten, adv. Etym: [Icel. h.]

Defn: Hence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HIATION Hi*a"tion, n. Etym: [See Hiatus.]

Defn: Act of gaping. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

HIATUS Hi*a"tus, n.; pl. L. Hiatus, E. Hiatuses. Etym: [L., fr. hiare, hiatum, to gape; akin to E. yawn. See Yawn.]

1. An opening; an aperture; a gap; a chasm; esp., a defect in a manuscript, where some part is lost or effaced; a space where something is wanting; a break.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: The concurrence of two vowels in two successive words or syllables. Pope.

HIBERNACLE Hi*ber"na*cle, n. Etym: [L. hibernaculum a winter residence, pl. hibernacula winter quarters: cf. F. hibernacle. See Hibernate.]

Defn: That which serves for protection or shelter in winter; winter quarters; as, the hibernacle of an animal or a plant. Martyn.

HIBERNACULUM Hi`ber*nac"u*lum, n. Etym: [See Hibernacle.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A winter bud, in which the rudimentary foliage or flower, as of most trees and shrubs in the temperate zone, is protected by closely overlapping scales.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A little case in which certain insects pass the winter.

3. Winter home or abiding place. J. Burroughs.

HIBERNAL Hi*ber"nal, a. Etym: [L. hibernalis, from the root of hiems winter; akin to Gr. hima cold, winter, snow: cf. F. hibernal.]

Defn: Belonging or relating to winter; wintry; winterish. Sir T. Browne.

HIBERNATE Hi"ber*nate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hibernated; p. pr. & vb. n. Hibernating.] Etym: [L. hibernare, hibernatum, fr. hibernu wintry. See Hibernal.]

Defn: To winter; to pass the season of winter in close quarters, in a torpid or lethargic state, as certain mammals, reptiles, and insects. Inclination would lead me to hibernate, during half the year, in this uncomfortable climate of Great Britain. Southey.

HIBERNATION Hi`ber*na"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hibernation.]

Defn: The act or state of hibernating. Evelyn.

HIBERNIAN Hi*ber"ni*an, a. Etym: [L. Hibernia, Ireland.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Hibernia, now Ireland; Irish. -- n.

Defn: A native or an inhabitant of Ireland.

HIBERNICISM; HIBERNIANISM Hi*ber"ni*cism, Hi*ber"ni*an*ism, n.

Defn: An idiom or mode of speech peculiar to the Irish. Todd.

HIBERNO-CELTIC Hi*ber"no-Celt"ic, n.

Defn: The native language of the Irish; that branch of the Celtic languages spoken by the natives of Ireland. Also adj.

HIBISCUS Hi*bis"cus, n. Etym: [L., marsh mallow; cf. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants (herbs, shrubs, or trees), some species of which have large, showy flowers. Some species are cultivated in India for their fiber, which is used as a substitute for hemp. See Althea, Hollyhock, and Manoe.

HICCIUS DOCTIUS Hic"ci*us doc"ti*us. Etym: [Corrupted fr. L. hic est doctus this is a learned man.]

Defn: A juggler. [Cant] hocus pocus Hudibras.

HICCOUGH Hic"cough, n. Etym: [OE. hickup, hicket, hickock; prob. of imitative origin; cf. D. & Dan. hik, Sw. hicka, Armor. hak, hik, W. ig, F. hoquet.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A modified respiratory movement; a spasmodic inspiration, consisting of a sudden contraction of the diaphragm, accompanied with closure of the glottis, so that further entrance of air is prevented, while the impulse of the column of air entering and striking upon the closed glottis produces a sound, or hiccough. [Written also hickup or hiccup.]

HICCOUGH Hic"cough, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hiccoughed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiccoughing.]

Defn: To have a hiccough or hiccoughs.

HICKORY Hick"o*ry, n. Etym: [North American Indian pawcohiccora (Capt. J. Smith) a kind of milk or oily liquor pressed from pounded hickory nuts. "Pohickory" is named in a list of Virginia trees, in 1653, and this was finally shortened to "hickory." J. H. Trumbull.] (Bot.)

Defn: An American tree of the genus Carya, of which there are several species. The shagbark is the C. alba, and has a very rough bark; it affords the hickory nut of the markets. The pignut, or brown hickory, is the C. glabra. The swamp hickory is C. amara, having a nut whose shell is very thin and the kernel bitter. Hickory shad. (Zoöl.) (a) The mattowacca, or fall herring. (b) The gizzard shad.

HICKSITE Hicks"ite, n.

Defn: A member or follower of the "liberal" party, headed by Elias Hicks, which, because of a change of views respecting the divinity of Christ and the Atonement, seceded from the conservative portion of the Society of Friends in the United States, in 1827.

HICKUP Hick"up, n. & v. i.

Defn: See Hiccough.

HICKWALL; HICKWAY Hick"wall`, Hick"way`, n. Etym: [OE., also hyghwhele, highawe.]

Defn: The lesser spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopus minor) of Europe. [Prov. Eng.]

HID Hid,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Hide. See Hidden.

HIDAGE Hid"age, n. Etym: [From hide a quantity of land.] (O. Eng. Law.)

Defn: A tax formerly paid to the kings of England for every hide of land. [Written also hydage.]

HIDALGO Hi*dal"go, n. Etym: [Sp., contr. fr. hijo de algo, i. e., son of something; hijo son (fr. LL. filius) + algo something, fr. L. aliquod. Cf. Fidalgo.]

Defn: A title, denoting a Spanish nobleman of the lower class.

HIDDEN Hid"den, p. p. & a.

Defn: from Hide. Concealed; put out of view; secret; not known; mysterious. Hidden fifths or octaves (Mus.), consecutive fifths or octaves, not sounded, but suggested or implied in the parallel motion of two parts towards a fifth or an octave.

Syn. -- Hidden, Secret, Covert. Hidden may denote either known to on one; as, a hidden disease; or intentionally concealed; as, a hidden purpose of revenge. Secret denotes that the thing is known only to the party or parties concerned; as, a secret conspiracy. Covert literally denotes what is not open or avowed; as, a covert plan; but is often applied to what we mean shall be understood, without openly expressing it; as, a covert allusion. Secret is opposed to known, and hidden to revealed. Bring to light the hidden things of darkness. 1 Cor. iv. 5. My heart, which by a secret harmony Still moves with thine, joined in connection sweet. Milton. By what best way, Whether of open war, or covert guile, We now debate. Milton.

HIDDENITE Hid"den*ite, n. Etym: [After W. E. Hidden.] (Min.)

Defn: An emerald-green variety of spodumene found in North Carolina; lithia emerald, -- used as a gem.

HIDDENLY Hid"den*ly, adv.

Defn: In a hidden manner.

HIDE Hide, v. t. [imp. Hid; p. p. Hidden, Hid; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiding.] Etym: [OE. hiden, huden, AS. h; akin to Gr. house, hut, and perh. to E. hide of an animal, and to hoard. Cf. Hoard.]

1. To conceal, or withdraw from sight; to put out of view; to secrete. A city that is set on an hill can not be hid. Matt. v. 15. If circumstances lead me, I will find Where truth is hid. Shak.

2. To withhold from knowledge; to keep secret; to refrain from avowing or confessing. Heaven from all creatures hides the book of fate. Pope.

3. To remove from danger; to shelter. In the time of trouble he shall hide me in his pavilion. Ps. xxvi. 5. To hide one's self, to put one's self in a condition to be safe; to secure protection. "A prudent man foreseeth the evil, and hideth himself." Prov. xxii. 3. -- To hide the face, to withdraw favor. "Thou didst hide thy face, and I was troubled." Ps. xxx. 7. -- To hide the face from. (a) To overlook; to pardon. "Hide thy face from my sins." Ps. li. 9. (b) To withdraw favor from; to be displeased with.

Syn. -- To conceal; secrete; disguise; dissemble; screen; cloak; mask; veil. See Conceal.

HIDE Hide, v. i.

Defn: To lie concealed; to keep one's self out of view; to be withdrawn from sight or observation. Bred to disguise, in public 'tis you hide. Pope. Hide and seek, a play of children, in which some hide themselves, and others seek them. Swift.

HIDE Hide, n. Etym: [AS. hid, earlier higed; prob. orig., land enough to support a family; cf. AS. hiwan, higan, members of a household, and E. hind a peasant.] (O. Eng. Law.) (a) An abode or dwelling. (b) A measure of land, common in Domesday Book and old English charters, the quantity of which is not well ascertained, but has been differently estimated at 80, 100, and 120 acres. [Written also hyde.]

HIDE Hide, n. Etym: [OE.hide, hude, AS. h; akin to D. huid, OHG, h, G. haut, Icel. h, Dan. & Sw. hud, L. cutis, Gr. scutum shield, and E. sky. .]

1. The skin of an animal, either raw or dressed; -- generally applied to the undressed skins of the larger domestic animals, as oxen, horses, etc.

2. The human skin; -- so called in contempt. O tiger's heart, wrapped in a woman's hide! Shak.

HIDE Hide, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hided; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiding.]

Defn: To flog; to whip. [Prov. Eng. & Low, U. S.]

HIDEBOUND Hide"bound`, a.

1. Having the skin adhering so closely to the ribs and back as not to be easily loosened or raised; -- said of an animal.

2. (Hort.)

Defn: Having the bark so close and constricting that it impedes the growth; -- said of trees. Bacon.

3. Untractable; bigoted; obstinately and blindly or stupidly conservative. Milton. Carlyle.

4. Niggardly; penurious. [Obs.] Quarles.

HIDEOUS Hid"e*ous, a. Etym: [OE. hidous, OF. hidous, hidos, hidus, hisdos, hisdous, F. hideux: cf. OF. hide, hisde, fright; of uncertain origin; cf. OHG. egidi horror, or L. hispidosus, for hispidus rough, bristly, E. hispid.]

1. Frightful, shocking, or offensive to the eyes; dreadful to behold; as, a hideous monster; hideous looks. "A piteous and hideous spectacle." Macaulay.

2. Distressing or offensive to the ear; exciting terror or dismay; as, a hideous noise. "Hideous cries." Shak.

3. Hateful; shocking. "Sure, you have some hideous matter to deliver." Shak.

Syn. -- Frightful; ghastly; grim; grisly; horrid; dreadful; terrible. -- Hid"e*ous*ly, adv. -- Hid"e*ous*ness, n.

HIDER Hid"er, n.

Defn: One who hides or conceals.

HIDING Hid"ing, n.

Defn: The act of hiding or concealing, or of withholding from view or knowledge; concealment. There was the hiding of his power. Hab. iii. 4.

HIDING Hid"ing, n.

Defn: A flogging. [Colloq.] Charles Reade.

HIDROSIS Hi*dro"sis, n. [Written also, but incorrectly, idrosis.] [NL., fr. Gr. to sweat, sweat.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: Excretion of sweat; perspiration.

2. (Med.) Excessive perspiration; also, any skin disease characterized by abnormal perspiration.

HIDROTIC Hi*drot"ic, a. [Gr. sudorific.] (Med.)

Defn: Causing perspiration; diaphoretic or sudorific.

HIDROTIC Hi*drot"ic, n.

Defn: A medicine that causes perspiration; a diaphoretic or a sudorific.

HIE Hie, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hied; p. pr. & vb. n. Hying.] Etym: [OE. hien, hihen, highen, AS. higian to hasten, strive; cf. L. ciere to put in motion, call upon, rouse, Gr. cite.]

Defn: To hasten; to go in haste; -- also often with the reciprocal pronoun. [Rare, except in poetry] "My husband hies him home." Shak. The youth, returning to his mistress, hies. Dryden.

HIE Hie, n.

Defn: Haste; diligence. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HIEMS Hi"ems, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Winter. Shak.

HIERAPICRA Hi"e*ra*pi"cra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (med.)

Defn: A warming cathartic medicine, made of aloes and canella bark. Dunglison.

HIERARCH Hi"er*arch, n. Etym: [LL. hierarcha, Gr. ishiras vigorous, fresh, blooming) + hiérarque.]

Defn: One who has high and controlling authority in sacred things; the chief of a sacred order; as, princely hierarchs. Milton.

HIERARCHAL; HIERARCHIC Hi"er*arch`al, Hi`er*arch"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a hierarch. "The great hierarchal standard." Milton.

HIERARCHICAL Hi`er*arch"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hiérarchique.]

Defn: Pertaining to a hierarchy. -- Hi`er*arch`ic*al*ly, adv.

HIERARCHISM Hi"er*arch`ism, n.

Defn: The principles or authority of a hierarchy. The more dominant hierarchism of the West. Milman.

HIERARCHY Hi"er*arch`y, n.; pl. Hierarchies. Etym: [Gr. hiérarchie.]

1. Dominion or authority in sacred things.

2. A body of officials disposed organically in ranks and orders each subordinate to the one above it; a body of ecclesiastical rulers.

3. A form of government administered in the church by patriarchs, metropolitans, archbishops, bishops, and, in an inferior degree, by priests. Shipley.

4. A rank or order of holy beings. Standards and gonfalons . . . for distinction serve Of hierarchies, of orders, and degrees. Milton.

HIERATIC Hi`er*at"ic, a. Etym: [L. hieraticus, Gr. hiératique.]

Defn: Consecrated to sacred uses; sacerdotal; pertaining to priests. Hieratic character, a mode of ancient Egyptian writing; a modified form of hieroglyphics, tending toward a cursive hand and formerly supposed to be the sacerdotal character, as the demotic was supposed to be that of the people. It was a false notion of the Greeks that of the three kinds of writing used by the Egyptians, two -- for that reason called hieroglyphic and hieratic -- were employed only for sacred, while the third, the demotic, was employed for secular, purposes. No such distinction is discoverable on the more ancient Egyptian monuments; bur we retain the old names founded on misapprehension. W. H. Ward (Johnson's Cyc.).

HIEROCRACY Hi`er*oc"ra*cy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Government by ecclesiastics; a hierarchy. Jefferson.

HIEROGLYPH; HIEROGLYPHIC Hi"er*o*glyph, Hi`er*o*glyph"ic, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hiéroglyphe. See Hieroglyphic, a.]

1. A sacred character; a character in picture writing, as of the ancient Egyptians, Mexicans, etc. Specifically, in the plural, the picture writing of the ancient Egyptian priests. It is made up of three, or, as some say, four classes of characters: first, the hieroglyphic proper, or figurative, in which the representation of the object conveys the idea of the object itself; second, the ideographic, consisting of symbols representing ideas, not sounds, as an ostrich feather is a symbol of truth; third, the phonetic, consisting of symbols employed as syllables of a word, or as letters of the alphabet, having a certain sound, as a hawk represented the vowel a.

2. Any character or figure which has, or is supposed to have, a hidden or mysterious significance; hence, any unintelligible or illegible character or mark. [Colloq.]

HIEROGLYPHIC; HIEROGLYPHICAL Hi`er*o*glyph"ic, Hi`er*o*glyph"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. hieroglyphicus, Gr. hiéroglyphique.]

1. Emblematic; expressive of some meaning by characters, pictures, or figures; as, hieroglyphic writing; a hieroglyphic obelisk. Pages no better than blanks to common minds, to his, hieroglyphical of wisest secrets. Prof. Wilson.

2. Resembling hieroglyphics; not decipherable. "An hieroglyphical scrawl." Sir W. Scott.

HIEROGLYPHICALLY Hi`er*o*glyph`ic*ally, adv.

Defn: In hieroglyphics.

HIEROGLYPHIST Hi`er*og"ly*phist, n.

Defn: One versed in hieroglyphics. Gliddon.

HIEROGRAM Hi"er*o*gram, n. Etym: [Gr. -gram.]

Defn: A form of sacred or hieratic writing.

HIEROGRAMMATIC Hi`er*o*gram"mat"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hiérogrammatique.]

Defn: Written in, or pertaining to, hierograms; expressive of sacred writing. Bp. Warburton.

HIEROGRAMMATIST Hi`er*o*gram"ma*tist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hiérogrammatiste.]

Defn: A writer of hierograms; also, one skilled in hieroglyphics. Greenhill.

HIEROGRAPHIC; HIEROGRAPHICAL Hi`er*o*graph"ic, Hi`er*o*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. hierographicus, Gr. hiérographique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to sacred writing.

HIEROGRAPHY Hi`er*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. hiérographie.]

Defn: Sacred writing. [R.] Bailey.

HIEROLATRY Hi`er*ol"a*try, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The worship of saints or sacred things. [R.] Coleridge.

HIEROLOGIC; HIEROLOGICAL Hi`er*o*log"ic, Hi`er*o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hiérologique.]

Defn: Pertaining to hierology.

HIEROLOGIST Hi`er*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in, or whostudies, hierology.

HIEROLOGY Hi`er*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. hiérologie.]

Defn: A treatise on sacred things; especially, the science which treats of the ancient writings and inscriptions of the Egyptians, or a treatise on that science.

HIEROMANCY Hi"er*o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. hiéromantie.]

Defn: Divination by observing the objects offered in sacrifice.

HIEROMARTYR Hi"er*o*mar`tyr, n. Etym: [Gr. martyr.]

Defn: A priest who becomes a martyr.

HIEROMNEMON Hi`e*rom*ne"mon, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (gr. Antiq.)

1. The sacred secretary or recorder sent by each state belonging to the Amphictyonic Council, along with the deputy or minister. Liddel & Scott.

2. A magistrate who had charge of religious matters, as at Byzantium. Liddel & Scott.

HIERON Hi"er*on, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A consecrateo place; esp., a temple.

HIERONYMITE Hi`er*on"y*mite, n. Etym: [From St. Hieronymus, or Jerome.] (Eccl.)

Defn: See Jeronymite.

HIEROPHANT Hi*er"o*phant, n. Etym: [L. hierophanta, hierophantes, Gr. hiérophante.]

Defn: The presiding priest who initiated candidates at the Eleusinian mysteries; hence, one who teaches the mysteries and duties of religion. Abp Potter.

HIEROPHANTIC Hi`er*o*phan"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or relating to hierophants or their teachings.

HIEROSCOPY Hi`er*os"co*py, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Divination by inspection of entrails of victims offered in sacrifice.

HIEROTHECA Hi`er*o*the"ca, n.; pl. -cæ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: A receptacle for sacred objects.

HIEROURGY Hi"er*our`gy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A sacred or holy work or worship. [Obs.] Waterland.

HIFALUTIN Hi`fa*lu"tin, n.

Defn: See Highfaluting.

HIGGLE Hig"gle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Higgled; p. pr. & vb. n. Higgling.] Etym: [Cf. Haggle, or Huckster.]

1. To hawk or peddle provisions.

2. To chaffer; to stickle for small advantages in buying and selling; to haggle. A person accustomed to higgle about taps. Jeffry. To truck and higgle for a private good. Emerson.

HIGGLEDY-PIGGLEDY Hig`gle*dy-pig"gle*dy, adv.

Defn: In confusion; topsy-turvy. [Colloq.] Johnson.

HIGGLER Hig"gler, n.

Defn: One who higgles.

HIGH High, v. i. Etym: [See Hie.]

Defn: To hie. [Obs.] Men must high them apace, and make haste. Holland.

HIGH High, a. [Compar. Higher; superl. Highest.] Etym: [OE. high, hegh, hey, heh, AS. heáh, h; akin to OS. hh, OFries. hag, hach, D. hoog, OHG. hh, G. hoch, Icel. hr, Sw. hög, Dan. höi, Goth. hauhs, and to Icel. haugr mound, G. hügel hill, Lith. kaukaras.]

1. Elevated above any starting point of measurement, as a line, or surface; having altitude; lifted up; raised or extended in the direction of the zenith; lofty; tall; as, a high mountain, tower, tree; the sun is high.

2. Regarded as raised up or elevated; distinguished; remarkable; conspicuous; superior; -- used indefinitely or relatively, and often in figurative senses, which are understood from the connection; as - (a) Elevated in character or quality, whether moral or intellectual; preëminent; honorable; as, high aims, or motives. "The highest faculty of the soul." Baxter. (b) Exalted in social standing or general estimation, or in rank, reputation, office, and the like; dignified; as, she was welcomed in the highest circles. He was a wight of high renown. Shak.

(c) Of noble birth; illustrious; as, of high family. (d) Of great strength, force, importance, and the like; strong; mighty; powerful; violent; sometimes, triumphant; victorious; majestic, etc.; as, a high wind; high passions. "With rather a high manner." Thackeray. Strong is thy hand, and high is thy right hand. Ps. lxxxix. 13. Can heavenly minds such high resentment show Dryden.

(e) Very abstract; difficult to comprehend or surmount; grand; noble. Both meet to hear and answer such high things. Shak. Plain living and high thinking are no more. Wordsworth.

(f) Costly; dear in price; extravagant; as, to hold goods at a high price. If they must be good at so high a rate, they know they may be safe at a cheaper. South.

(g) Arrogant; lofty; boastful; proud; ostentatious; -- used in a bad sense. An high look and a proud heart . . . is sin. Prov. xxi. 4. His forces, after all the high discourses, amounted really but to eighteen hundred foot. Clarendon.

3. Possessing a characteristic quality in a supreme or superior degree; as, high (i. e., intense) heat; high (i. e., full or quite) noon; high (i. e., rich or spicy) seasoning; high (i. e., complete) pleasure; high (i. e., deep or vivid) color; high (i. e., extensive, thorough) scholarship, etc. High time it is this war now ended were. Spenser. High sauces and spices are fetched from the Indies. Baker.

4. (Cookery)

Defn: Strong-scented; slightly tainted; as, epicures do not cook game before it is high.

5. (Mus.)

Defn: Acute or sharp; -- opposed to grave or low; as, a high note.

6. (Phon.)

Defn: Made with a high position of some part of the tongue in relation to the palate, as e (eve), oo (food). See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 10, 11. High admiral, the chief admiral. -- High altar, the principal altar in a church. -- High and dry, out of water; out of reach of the current or tide; -- said of a vessel, aground or beached. -- High and mighty arrogant; overbearing. [Colloq.] -- High art, art which deals with lofty and dignified subjects and is characterized by an elevated style avoiding all meretricious display. -- High bailiff, the chief bailiff. -- High Church, and Low Church, two ecclesiastical parties in the Church of England and the Protestant Episcopal Church. The high- churchmen emphasize the doctrine of the apostolic succession, and hold, in general, to a sacramental presence in the Eucharist, to baptismal regeneration, and to the sole validity of Episcopal ordination. They attach much importance to ceremonies and symbols in worship. Low-churchmen lay less stress on these points, and, in many instances, reject altogether the peculiar tenets of the high-church school. See Broad Church. -- High constable (Law), a chief of constabulary. See Constable, n., 2. -- High commission court,a court of ecclesiastical jurisdiction in England erected and united to the regal power by Queen Elizabeth in 1559. On account of the abuse of its powers it was abolished in 1641. -- High day (Script.), a holy or feast day. John xix. 31. -- High festival (Eccl.), a festival to be observed with full ceremonial. -- High German, or High Dutch. See under German. -- High jinks, an old Scottish pastime; hence, noisy revelry; wild sport. [Colloq.] "All the high jinks of the county, when the lad comes of age." F. Harrison. -- High latitude (Geog.), one designated by the higher figures; consequently, a latitude remote from the equator. -- High life, life among the aristocracy or the rich. -- High liver, one who indulges in a rich diet. -- High living, a feeding upon rich, pampering food. -- High Mass. (R. C. Ch.) See under Mass. -- High milling, a process of making flour from grain by several successive grindings and intermediate sorting, instead of by a single grinding. -- High noon, the time when the sun is in the meridian. -- High place (Script.), an eminence or mound on which sacrifices were offered. -- High priest. See in the Vocabulary. -- High relief. (Fine Arts) See Alto-rilievo. -- High school. See under School. High seas (Law), the open sea; the part of the ocean not in the territorial waters of any particular sovereignty, usually distant three miles or more from the coast line. Wharton. -- High steam, steam having a high pressure. -- High steward, the chief steward. -- High tea, tea with meats and extra relishes. -- High tide, the greatest flow of the tide; high water. -- High time. (a) Quite time; full time for the occasion. (b) A time of great excitement or enjoyment; a carousal. [Slang] -- High treason, treason against the sovereign or the state, the highest civil offense. See Treason.

Note: It is now sufficient to speak of high treason as treason simply, seeing that petty treason, as a distinct offense, has been abolished. Mozley & W. -- High water, the utmost flow or greatest elevation of the tide; also, the time of such elevation. -- High-water mark. (a) That line of the seashore to which the waters ordinarily reach at high water. (b) A mark showing the highest level reached by water in a river or other body of fresh water, as in time of freshet. -- High-water shrub (Bot.), a composite shrub (Iva frutescens), growing in salt marshes along the Atlantic coast of the United States. -- High wine, distilled spirits containing a high percentage of alcohol; -- usually in the plural. -- To be on a high horse, to be on one's dignity; to bear one's self loftily. [Colloq.] -- With a high hand. (a) With power; in force; triumphantly. "The children of Israel went out with a high hand." Ex. xiv. 8.(b) In an overbearing manner, arbitrarily. "They governed the city with a high hand." Jowett (Thucyd. ).

Syn. -- Tall; lofty; elevated; noble; exalted; supercilious; proud; violent; full; dear. See Tall.

HIGH High, adv.

Defn: In a high manner; in a high place; to a great altitude; to a great degree; largely; in a superior manner; eminently; powerfully. "And reasoned high." Milton. "I can not reach so high." Shak.

Note: High is extensively used in the formation of compound words, most of which are of very obvious signification; as, high-aimed, high-arched, high-aspiring, high-bearing, high-boasting, high-browed, high-crested, high-crowned, high-designing, high-engendered, high- feeding, high-flaming, high-flavored, high-gazing, high-heaped, high- heeled, high-priced, high-reared, high-resolved, high-rigged, high- seated, high-shouldered, high-soaring, high-towering, high-voiced, and the like. High and low, everywhere; in all supposable places; as, I hunted high and low. [Colloq.]

HIGH High, n.

1. An elevated place; a superior region; a height; the sky; heaven.

2. People of rank or high station; as, high and low.

3. (Card Playing)

Defn: The highest card dealt or drawn. High, low, jack, and the game, a game at cards; -- also called all fours, old sledge, and seven up. -- In high and low, utterly; completely; in every respect. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- On high, aloft; above. The dayspring from on high hath visited us. Luke i. 78. -- The Most High, the Supreme Being; God.

HIGH High, v. i.

Defn: To rise; as, the sun higheth. [Obs.]

HIGHBINDER High"bind`er, n.

Defn: A ruffian; one who hounds, or spies upon, another; app. esp. to the members of certain alleged societies among the Chinese. [U. S.]

HIGH-BLOWN High"-blown`, a.

Defn: Inflated, as with conceit.

HIGHBORN High"born`, a.

Defn: Of noble birth. Shak.

HIGHBOY High"boy`, n.

1. One who lives high; also, in politics, a highflyer.

2. A kind of set of drawers. [U. S.] "Mahogany highboys glittering with brass handles." K. L. Bates.

HIGH-BRED High"-bred`, a.

Defn: Bred in high life; of pure blood. Byron.

HIGH-BUILT High"-built`, a.

Defn: Of lofty structure; tall. "High-built organs." Tennyson. The high-built elephant his castle rears. Creech.

HIGH-CHURCH High"-church`, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to, or favoring, the party called the High Church, or their doctrines or policy. See High Church, under High, a.

HIGH-CHURCHISM High"-church`ism, n.

Defn: The principles of the high-church party.

HIGH-CHURCHMAN High"-church`man, n.; pl. -men (.

Defn: One who holds high-church principles.

HIGH-CHURCHMAN-SHIP High"-church`man-ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a high-churchman. J. H. Newman.

HIGH-COLORED High"-col`ored, a.

1. Having a strong, deep, or glaring color; flushed. Shak.

2. Vivid; strong or forcible in representation; hence, exaggerated; as, high-colored description.

HIGH-EMBOWED High"-em*bowed `, a.

Defn: Having lofty arches. "The high-embowed roof." Milton.

HIGHER CRITICISM High"er crit"i*cism.

Defn: Criticism which includes the study of the contents, literary character, date, authorship, etc., of any writing; as, the higher criticism of the Pentateuch. Called also historical criticism.

The comparison of the Hebrew and Greek texts . . . introduces us to a series of questions affecting the composition, the editing, and the collection of the sacred books. This class of questions forms the special subject of the branch of critical science which is usually distinguished from the verbal criticism of the text by the name of higher, or historical, criticism. W. Robertson Smith.

HIGHERING High"er*ing, a.

Defn: Rising higher; ascending. In ever highering eagle circles. Tennyson.

HIGHER THOUGHT Higher thought.

Defn: See New thought, below.

HIGHER-UP High"er-up", n.

Defn: A superior officer or official; -- used chiefly in pl. [Slang]

HIGHFALUTING High`fa*lu"ting, n. Etym: [Perh. a corruption of highflighting.]

Defn: High-flown, bombastic language. [Written also hifalutin.] [Jocular, U. S.] Lowell.

HIGH-FED High"-fed`, a.

Defn: Pampered; fed luxuriously.

HIGH-FINISHED High"-fin`ished, a.

Defn: Finished with great care; polished.

HIGH FIVE High five.

Defn: See Cinch (the game).

HIGHFLIER High"fli`er, n.

Defn: One who is extravagant in pretensions, opinions, or manners. Swift.

HIGH-FLOWN High"-flown`, a.

1. Elevated; proud. "High-flown hopes." Denham.

2. Turgid; extravagant; bombastic; inflated; as, high-flown language. M. Arnold.

HIGH-FLUSHED High"-flushed`, a.

Defn: Elated. Young.

HIGHFLYING High"fly`ing, a.

Defn: Extravagant in opinions or ambition. "Highflying, arbitrary kings." Dryden.

HIGH-GO High"-go`, n.

Defn: A spree; a revel. [Low]

HIGH-HANDED High"-hand`ed, a.

Defn: Overbearing; oppressive; arbitrary; violent; as, a high-handed act.

HIGH-HEARTED High"-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Full of courage or nobleness; high-souled. -- High"-heart`ed*ness, n.

HIGH-HOE High"-hoe`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European green woodpecker or yaffle. [Written also high- hoo.]

HIGH-HOLDER High"-hold`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The flicker; -- called also high-hole. [Local, U. S.]

HIGHLAND High"land, n.

Defn: Elevated or mountainous land; (often in the pl.) an elevated region or country; as, the Highlands of Scotland. Highland fling, a dance peculiar to the Scottish Highlanders; a sort of hornpipe.

HIGHLANDER High"land*er, n.

Defn: An inhabitant of highlands, especially of the Highlands of Scotland.

HIGHLANDRY High"land*ry, n.

Defn: Highlanders, collectively.

HIGH-LOW High"-low`, n.

Defn: A laced boot, ankle high.

HIGHLY High"ly, adv.

Defn: In a high manner, or to a high degree; very much; as, highly esteemed.

HIGHMEN High"men, n. pl.

Defn: Loaded dice so contrived as to turn up high numbers. [Obs] Sir J. Harrington.

HIGH-METTLED High"-met`tled, a.

Defn: Having abundance of mettle; ardent; full of fire; as, a high- mettled steed.

HIGH-MINDED High"-mind"ed, a.

1. Proud; arrogant. [Obs.] Be not high-minded, but fear. Rom. xi. 20.

2. Having, or characterized by, honorable pride; of or pertaining to elevated principles and feelings; magnanimous; -- opposed to mean. High-minded, manly recognition of those truths. A. Norton.

HIGH-MINDEDNESS High"-mind`ed*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being highminded; nobleness; magnanimity.

HIGHMOST High"most`, a.

Defn: Highest. [Obs.] Shak.

HIGHNESS High"ness, n. Etym: [AS. heáhnes.]

1. The state of being high; elevation; loftiness.

2. A title of honor given to kings, princes, or other persons of rank; as, His Royal Highness. Shak.

HIGH-PALMED High"-palmed`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having high antlers; bearing full-grown antlers aloft.

HIGH-PRESSURE High"-pres`sure, a.

1. Having or involving a pressure greatly exceeding that of the atmosphere; -- said of steam, air, water, etc., and of steam, air, or hydraulic engines, water wheels, etc.

2. Fig.: Urgent; intense; as, a high-pressure business or social life. High-pressure engine, an engine in which steam at high pressure is used. It may be either a condensing or a noncondensing engine. Formerly the term was used only of the latter. See Steam engine.

HIGH PRIEST High" priest`. (Eccl.)

Defn: A chief priest; esp., the head of the Jewish priesthood.

HIGH-PRIESTHOOD High"-priest`hood, n.

Defn: The office, dignity, or position of a high priest.

HIGH-PRIESTSHIP High"-priest`ship, n.

Defn: High-priesthood.

HIGH-PRINCIPLED High"-prin`ci*pled, a.

Defn: Possessed of noble or honorable principles.

HIGH-PROOF High"-proof`, a.

1. Highly rectified; very strongly alcoholic; as, high-proof spirits.

2. So as to stand any test. "We are high-proof melancholy." Shak.

HIGH-RAISED High"-raised`, a.

1. Elevated; raised aloft; upreared.

2. Elated with great ideas or hopes. Milton.

HIGH-REACHING High"-reach`ing, a.

Defn: Reaching high or upward; hence, ambitious; aspiring. Shak.

HIGH-RED High"-red`, a.

Defn: Of a strong red color.

HIGHROAD High"road`, n.

Defn: A highway; a much travele

HIGH-SEASONED High"-sea`soned, a.

Defn: Enriched with spice and condiments; hence, exciting; piquant.

HIGH-SIGHTED High"-sight`ed, a.

Defn: Looking upward; supercilious. Shak.

HIGH-SOULED High"-souled`, a.

Defn: Having a high or noble spirit; honorable. E. Everett.

HIGH-SOUNDING High"-sound`ing, a.

Defn: Pompous; noisy; ostentatious; as, high-sounding words or titles.

HIGH-SPIRITED High"-spir`it*ed, a.

Defn: Full of spirit or natural fire; haughty; courageous; impetuous; not brooking restraint or opposition.

HIGH STEEL High steel.

Defn: Steel containing a high percentage of carbon; high-carbon steel.

HIGH-STEPPER High"-step`per, n.

Defn: A horse that moves with a high step or proud gait; hence, a person having a proud bearing. [Colloq.]

HIGH-STOMACHED High"-stom`ached, a.

Defn: Having a lofty spirit; haughty. [Obs.] Shak.

HIGH-STRUNG High"-strung`, a.

Defn: Strung to a high pitch; spirited; sensitive; as, a high-strung horse.

HIGH-SWELLING High"-swell`ing, a.

Defn: Inflated; boastful.

HIGHT Hight, n.

Defn: A variant of Height.

HIGHT Hight, v. t. & i. [imp. Hight, Hot (, p. p. Hight, Hote (Hoten (Hote.] Etym: [OE. heiten, highten, haten, hoten; also hight, hatte, hette, is called, was called, AS. hatan to call, name, be called, to command, promise; also hatte is called, was called; akin to G. heissen to call, be called, bid, Goth. haitan to call, in the passive, to be called.]

1. To be called or named. [Archaic & Poetic.]

Note: In the form hight, it is used in a passive sense as a present, meaning is called or named, also as a preterite, was called or named. This form has also been used as a past participle. See Hote. The great poet of Italy, That highte Dante. Chaucer. Bright was her hue, and Geraldine she hight. Surrey. Entered then into the church the Reverend Teacher. Father he hight, and he was, in the parish. Longfellow. Childe Harold was he hight. Byron.

2. To command; to direct; to impel. [Obs.] But the sad steel seized not where it was hight Upon the child, but somewhat short did fall. Spenser.

3. To commit; to intrust. [Obs.] Yet charge of them was to a porter hight. Spenser.

4. To promise. [Obs.] He had hold his day, as he had hight. Chaucer.

HIGHTENER Hight"en*er, n.

Defn: That which heightens.

HIGHTH Highth (hith or hitth), n.

Defn: Variant of Height. [Obs.]

HIGH-TONED High"-toned`, a.

1. High in tone or sound.

2. Elevated; high-principled; honorable. In whose high-toned impartial mind Degrees of mortal rank and state Seem objects of indifferent weight. Sir W. Scott.

HIGH-TOP High"-top`, n.

Defn: A ship's masthead. Shak.

HIGHTY-TIGHTY High"ty-tigh"ty, a.

Defn: Hoity-toity.

HIGHWAY High"way`, n.

Defn: A road or way open to the use of the public; a main road or thoroughfare.

Syn. -- Way; road; path; course.

HIGHWAYMAN High"way`man, n.; pl. Highwaymen (.

Defn: One who robs on the public road; a highway robber.

HIGH-WROUGHT High"-wrought`, a.

1. Wrought with fine art or skill; elaborate. [Obs.] Pope.

2. Worked up, or swollen, to a high degree; as, a highwrought passion. "A high-wrought flood." Shak.

HIGRE Hi"gre, n.

Defn: See Eagre. [Obs.] Drayton.

HIG-TAPER Hig"-ta`per, n. Etym: [Cf. Hag-taper.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Verbascum (V. Thapsus); the common mullein. [Also high-taper and hag-taper.]

HIJERA; HIJRA Hij"e*ra, Hij"ra (, n.

Defn: See Hegira.

HIKE Hike, v. i.

Defn: To hike one's self; specif., to go with exertion or effort; to tramp; to march laboriously. [Dial. or Colloq.] "If you persist in heaving and hiking like this." Kipling.

It's hike, hike, hike (march) till you stick in the mud, and then you hike back again a little slower than you went. Scribner's Mag.

HIKE Hike, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hiked; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiking.] [Cf. Hitch.]

Defn: To move with a swing, toss, throw, jerk, or the like. [Dial. or Colloq.]

HIKE Hike, n.

Defn: The act of hiking; a tramp; a march. [Dial. or Colloq.]

With every hike there's a few laid out with their hands crossed. Scribner's Mag.

HILAL Hi"lal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a hilum.

HILAR Hi"lar, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Belonging to the hilum.

HILARIOUS Hi*la"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. hilaris, hilarus, Gr.

Defn: Mirthful; noisy; merry.

HILARITY Hi*lar"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. hilaritas: cf. F. hilarité. See Hilarious.]

Defn: Boisterous mirth; merriment; jollity. Goldsmith.

Note: Hilarity differs from joy: the latter, excited by good news or prosperity, is an affection of the mind; the former, produced by social pleasure, drinking, etc., which rouse the animal spirits, is more demonstrative.

Syn. -- Glee; cheerfulness; mirth; merriment; gayety; joyousness; exhilaration; joviality; jollity.

HILARY TERM Hil"a*ry term`.

Defn: Formerly, one of the four terms of the courts of common law in England, beginning on the eleventh of January and ending on the thirty-first of the same month, in each year; -- so called from the festival of St. Hilary, January 13th.

Note: The Hilary term is superseded by the Hilary sittings, which commence on the eleventh of January and end on the Wednesday before Easter. Mozley & W.

HILDING Hil"ding, n. Etym: [Prob. a corruption of hindling, dim. of hind, adj. Cf. Prov. E. hilderling, hinderling. See Hinderling.]

Defn: A base, menial wretch. -- a.

Defn: Base; spiritless. [Obs.] Shak.

HILE Hile, v. t.

Defn: To hide. See Hele. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HILE Hile, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Hilum.

HILL Hill, n. Etym: [OE. hil, hul, AS. hyll; akin to OD. hille, hil, L. collis, and prob. to E. haulm, holm, and column. Cf. 2d Holm.]

1. A natural elevation of land, or a mass of earth rising above the common level of the surrounding land; an eminence less than a mountain. Every mountain and hill shall be made low. Is. xl. 4.

2. The earth raised about the roots of a plant or cluster of plants. [U. S.] See Hill, v. t.

3. A single cluster or group of plants growing close together, and having the earth heaped up about them; as, a hill of corn or potatoes. [U. S.] Hill ant (Zoöl.), a common ant (Formica rufa), of Europe and America, which makes mounds or ant-hills over its nests. -- Hill myna (Zoöl.), one of several species of birds of India, of the genus Gracula, and allied to the starlings. They are easily taught to speak many words. [Written also hill mynah.] See Myna. -- Hill partridge (Zoöl.), a partridge of the genus Aborophila, of which numerous species in habit Southern Asia and the East Indies. -- Hill tit (Zoöl.), one of numerous species of small Asiatic singing birds of the family Leiotrichidæ. Many are beautifully colored.

HILL Hill, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hilled; p. pr. & vb. n. Hilling.]

Defn: To surround with earth; to heap or draw earth around or upon; as, to hill corn. Showing them how to plant and hill it. Palfrey.

HILLINESS Hill"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being hilly.

HILLING Hill"ing, n.

Defn: The act or process of heaping or drawing earth around plants.

HILLOCK Hill"ock, n.

Defn: A small hill. Shak.

HILLSIDE Hill"side`, n.

Defn: The side or declivity of a hill.

HILLTOP Hill"top`, n.

Defn: The top of a hill.

HILLY Hill"y, a.

1. Abounding with hills; uneven in surface; as, a hilly country. "Hilly steep." Dryden.

2. Lofty; as, hilly empire. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

HILT Hilt, n. Etym: [AS. hilt, hilte; akin to OHG. helza, Prov. G. hilze, Icel. hjalt.]

1. A handle; especially, the handle of a sword, dagger, or the like.

HILTED Hilt"ed, a.

Defn: Having a hilt; -- used in composition; as, basket-hilted, cross-hilted.

HILUM Hi"lum, n. Etym: [L., a little thing, trifle.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The eye of a bean or other seed; the mark or scar at the point of attachment of an ovule or seed to its base or support; -- called also hile.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The part of a gland, or similar organ, where the blood vessels and nerves enter; the hilus; as, the hilum of the kidney.

HILUS Hi"lus, n. Etym: [NL.] (Anat.)

Defn: Same as Hilum, 2.

HIM Him, pron.

Defn: Them. See Hem. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HIM Him, pron. Etym: [AS. him, dat. of he. sq. root183. See He.]

Defn: The objective case of he. See He. Him that is weak in the faith receive. Rom. xiv. 1. Friends who have given him the most sympathy. Thackeray.

Note: In old English his and him were respectively the genitive and dative forms of it as well as of he. This use is now obsolete. Poetically, him is sometimes used with the reflexive sense of himself. I never saw but Humphrey, duke of Gloster, Did bear him like a noble gentleman. Shak.

HIMALAYAN Hi*ma"la*yan, a. Etym: [Skr. himalaya, prop., the abode of snow.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Himalayas, the great mountain chain in Hindostan.

HIMPNE Himp"ne, n.

Defn: A hymn. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HIMSELF Him*self", pron.

1. An emphasized form of the third person masculine pronoun; -- used as a subject usually with he; as, he himself will bear the blame; used alone in the predicate, either in the nominative or objective case; as, it is himself who saved himself. But he himself returned from the quarries. Judges iii. 19. David hid himself in the field. 1 Sam. xx. 24. The Lord himself shall give you a sign. Is. vii. 14. Who gave himself for us, that he might . . . purify unto himself a peculiar people. Titus ii. 14. With shame remembers, while himself was one Of the same herd, himself the same had done. Denham.

Note: Himself was formerly used instead of itself. See Note under Him. It comprehendeth in himself all good. Chaucer.

2. One's true or real character; one's natural temper and disposition; the state of being in one's right or sane mind (after unconsciousness, passion, delirium, or abasement); as, the man has come to himself. By himself, alone; unaccompanied; apart; sequestered; as, he sits or studies by himself. -- To leave one to himself, to withdraw from him; to let him take his own course.

HIMSELF; HIMSELVE; HIMSELVEN Him*self", Him*selve" (, Him*selv"en (pron. pl.

Defn: Themselves. See Hemself. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HIMSELVE Him*selve", pron.

Defn: See 1st Himself. [Obs.]

HIMYARIC; HIMYARITIC Him*yar"ic, Him`ya*rit"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to Himyar, an ancient king of Yemen, in Arabia, or to his successors or people; as, the Himjaritic characters, language, etc.; applied esp. to certain ancient inscriptions showing the primitive type of the oldest form of the Arabic, still spoken in Southern Arabia. Brande & C.

HIN Hin, n. Etym: [Heb. hin.]

Defn: A Hebrew measure of liquids, containing three quarts, one pint, one gill, English measure. W. H. Ward.

HIND Hind, n. Etym: [AS. hind; akin to D. hinde, OHG. hinta, G. hinde, hindin, Icel., Sw., & Dan. hind, and perh. to Goth. hinpan to seize (in comp.), E. hunt, or cf. Gr.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The female of the red deer, of which the male is the stag.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A spotted food fish of the genus Epinephelus, as E. apua of Bermuda, and E. Drummond-hayi of Florida; -- called also coney, John Paw, spotted hind.

HIND Hind, n. Etym: [OE. hine, AS. hine, hina, orig. gen. pl. of hiwan domestics; akin to Icel. hju man and wife, domestics, family, Goth. heiwafrauja master of the house, G. heirath marriage; cf. L. civis citizen, E. city or E. home. Cf. Hide a measure of land.]

1. A domestic; a servant. [Obs.] Shak.

2. A peasant; a rustic; a farm servant. [Eng.] The hind, that homeward driving the slow steer Tells how man's daily work goes forward here. Trench.

HIND Hind, a. [Compar. Hinder; superl. Hindmost, or Hindermost (.] Etym: [OE. hind, adv., back, AS. hindan behind. See Hinder, a.]

Defn: In the rear; -- opposed to front; of or pertaining to the part or end which follows or is behind, in opposition to the part which leads or is before; as, the hind legs or hind feet of a quadruped; the hind man in a procession.

HINDBERRY Hind"ber*ry, n. Etym: [AS. hindberie; akin to OHG. hintberi, G. himbeere. So called because hinds or stags are fond of them. See 1st Hind, and Berry.]

Defn: The raspberry. [Prov. Eng.]

HINDBRAIN Hind"brain`, n. Etym: [Hind, adj. + brain.] (Anat.)

Defn: The posterior of the three principal divisions of the brain, including the epencephalon and metencephalon. Sometimes restricted to the epencephalon only.

HINDER Hind"er, a. Etym: [OE. hindere, AS. hinder, adv., behind; akin to OHG. hintar, prep., behind, G. hinter, Goth. hindar; orig. a comparative, and akin to AS. hine hence. See Hence, He, and cf. Hind, a., Hindmost.]

Defn: Of or belonging to that part or end which is in the rear, or which follows; as, the hinder part of a wagon; the hinder parts of a horse. He was in the hinder part of the ship. Mark iv. 38.

HINDER Hin"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hindered; p. pr. & vb. n. Hindering.] Etym: [OE. hindren, hinderen, AS. hindrian, fr. hinder behind; akin to D. hinderen, G. hindern, OHG. hintar, Icel. & Sw. hindra, Dan. hindre. See Hinder, a.]

1. To keep back or behind; to prevent from starting or moving forward; to check; to retard; to obstruct; to bring to a full stop; - - often followed by from; as, an accident hindered the coach; drought hinders the growth of plants; to hinder me from going. Them that were entering in ye hindered. Luke xi. 52. I hinder you too long. Shak.

2. To prevent or embarrass; to debar; to shut out. What hinders younger brothers, being fathers of families, from having the same right Locke.

Syn. -- To check; retard; impede; delay; block; clog; prevent; stop; interrupt; counteract; thwart; oppose; obstruct; debar; embarrass.

HINDER Hin"der, v. i.

Defn: To interpose obstacles or impediments; to be a hindrance. This objection hinders not but that the heroic action of some commander . . . may be written. Dryden.

HINDERANCE Hin"der*ance. n.

Defn: Same as Hindrance.

HINDERER Hin"der*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, hinders.

HINDEREST Hind"er*est, a.

Defn: Hindermost; -- superl. of Hind, a. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HINDERLING Hind"er*ling, n. Etym: [AS. hinderling one who comes behind his ancestors, fr. AS. hinder behind. See Hinder, a., and cf. Hilding.]

Defn: A worthless, base, degenerate person or animal. [Obs.] Callander.

HINDERMOST; HINDMOST Hind"er*most`, Hind"most`, a. Etym: [The superlative of hind. See Hind, a.] Etym: [Cf. AS. hindema (akin to Goth. hindumists), a superlative from the same source as the comparative hinder. See Hinder, a., and cf. Aftermost.]

Defn: Furthest in or toward the rear; last. "Rachel and Joseph hindermost." Gen. xxxiii. 2.

HINDGUT Hind"gut`, n. Etym: [Hind, a. + gut.] (Anat.)

Defn: The posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the rectum, and sometimes the large intestine also.

HINDI Hin"di, n. Etym: [Prop. a Per. adj. meaning, Indian, Hindoo.]

Defn: The name given by Europeans to that form of the Hindustani language which is chiefly spoken by native Hindoos. In employs the Devanagari character, in which Sanskrit is written. Whitworth.

HINDLEYS SCREW Hind"ley"s screw`. (Mech.)

Defn: A screw cut on a solid whose sides are arcs of the periphery of a wheel into the teeth of which the screw is intended to work. It is named from the person who first used the form.

HINDOO; HINDU Hin"doo, Hin"du, n.; pl. Hindoos or Hindus. Etym: [Per. Hindu, fr. Hind, Hindustan, India. Cf. Indian.]

Defn: A native inhabitant of Hindostan. As an ethnical term it is confined to the Dravidian and Aryan races; as a religious name it is restricted to followers of the Veda.

HINDOO CALENDAR; HINDU CALENDAR Hin"doo, or Hindu, calendar .

Defn: A lunisolar calendar of India, according to which the year is divided into twelve months, with an extra month inserted after every month in which two new moons occur (once in three years). The intercalary month has the name of the one which precedes it. The year usually commences about April 11. The months are follows:

Baisakh . . . . . . . . . . April-May Jeth . . . . . . . . . . . . . May-June Asarh . . . . . . . . . . . . June-July Sawan (Sarawan) . . . . . . . July-Aug. Bhadon . . . . . . . . . . . Aug.-Sept. Asin (Kuar). . . . . . . . . . Sept.-Oct. Katik (Kartik) . . . . . . . . Oct.-Nov. Aghan . . . . . . . . . . . . Nov.-Dec. Pus . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dec.-Jan. Magh . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan.-Feb. Phagun (Phalgun) . . . . . . . Feb.-March Chait . . . . . . . . . . . . March-April HINDOOISM; HINDUISM Hin"doo*ism, Hin"du*ism, n.

Defn: The religious doctrines and rites of the Hindoos; Brahmanism.

HINDOOSTANEE; HINDUSTANI Hin"doo*sta"nee, Hin"du*sta"ni, a. Etym: [Hind. Hindustani an Indian, fr. Hind. and Per. Hindustan India.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Hindoos or their language. -- n.

Defn: The language of Hindostan; the name given by Europeans to the most generally spoken of the modern Aryan languages of India. It is Hindi with the addition of Persian and Arabic words.

HINDRANCE Hin"drance, n. Etym: [See Hinder, v. t.]

1. The act of hindering, or the state of being hindered.

2. That which hinders; an impediment. What various hindrances we meet. Cowper. Something between a hindrance and a help. Wordsworth.

Syn. -- Impediment; obstruction; obstacle; difficulty; interruption; check; delay; restraint.

HINDU Hin"du, n.

Defn: Same as Hindoo.

HINE Hine, n. Etym: [See Hind a servant.]

Defn: A servant; a farm laborer; a peasant; a hind. [Obs.] Bailiff, herd, nor other hine. Chaucer.

HINGE Hinge, n. Etym: [OE. henge, heeng; akin to D. heng, LG. henge, Prov. E. hingle a small hinge; connected with hang, v., and Icel. hengja to hang. See Hang.]

1. The hook with its eye, or the joint, on which a door, gate, lid, etc., turns or swings; a flexible piece, as a strip of leather, which serves as a joint to turn on. The gate self-opened wide, On golden hinges turning. Milton.

2. That on which anything turns or depends; a governing principle; a cardinal point or rule; as, this argument was the hinge on which the question turned.

3. One of the four cardinal points, east, west, north, or south. [R.] When the moon is in the hinge at East. Creech. Nor slept the winds . . . but rushed abroad. Milton. Hinge joint. (a) (Anat.) See Ginglymus. (b) (Mech.) Any joint resembling a hinge, by which two pieces are connected so as to permit relative turning in one plane. -- To be off the hinges, to be in a state of disorder or irregularity; to have lost proper adjustment. Tillotson.

HINGE Hinge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hinged; p. pr. & vb. n. Hinging.]

1. To attach by, or furnish with, hinges.

2. To bend. [Obs.] Shak.

HINGE Hinge, v. i.

Defn: To stand, depend, hang, or turn, as on a hinge; to depend chiefly for a result or decision or for force and validity; -- usually with on or upon; as, the argument hinges on this point. I. Taylor

HINGED Hinged, a.

Defn: Furnished with hinges.

HINGELESS Hinge"less, a.

Defn: Without a hinge or joint.

HINK Hink, n.

Defn: A reaping hook. Knight.

HINNIATE; HINNY Hin"ni*ate, Hin"ny v. i. Etym: [L. hinnire.]

Defn: To neigh; to whinny. [Obs.]

HINNY Hin"ny, n.; pl. Hinnies. Etym: [L. hinnus, cf. Gr.

Defn: A hybrid between a stallion and an ass.

HINNY Hin"ny, n.

Defn: A term of endearment; darling; -- corrupted from honey. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

HINT Hint, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hinted; p. pr. & vb. n. Hinting.] Etym: [OE. henten, hinten, to seize, to catch, AS. hentan to pursue, take, seize; or Icel. ymta to mutter, ymtr a muttering, Dan. ymte to whisper. sq. root36. Cf. Hent.]

Defn: To bring to mind by a slight mention or remote allusion; to suggest in an indirect manner; as, to hint a suspicion. Just hint a fault and hesitate dislike. Pope.

Syn. -- To suggest; intimate; insinuate; imply.

HINT Hint, v. i.

Defn: To make an indirect reference, suggestion, or allusion; to allude vaguely to something. We whisper, and hint, and chuckle. Tennyson. To hint at, to allude to lightly, indirectly, or cautiously.

Syn. -- To allude; refer; glance; touch.

HINT Hint, n.

Defn: A remote allusion; slight mention; intimation; insinuation; a suggestion or reminder, without a full declaration or explanation; also, an occasion or motive. Our hint of woe Is common. Shak. The hint malevolent, the look oblique. Hannah M

Syn. -- Suggestion; allusion. See Suggestion.

HINTERLAND Hin"ter*land`, n. [G.; hinter behind + land land.]

Defn: The land or region lying behind the coast district. The term is used esp. with reference to the so-called doctrine of the hinterland, sometimes advanced, that occupation of the coast supports a claim to an exclusive right to occupy, from time to time, the territory lying inland of the coast.

HINTINGLY Hint"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a hinting manner.

HIP Hip, n. Etym: [OE. hipe, huppe, AS. hype; akin to D. heup, OHG. huf, G. hüfte, Dan. hofte, Sw. höft, Goth. hups; cf. Icel. huppr, and also Gr. kumpis ham.]

1. The projecting region of the lateral parts of one side of the pelvis and the hip joint; the haunch; the huckle.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: The external angle formed by the meeting of two sloping sides or skirts of a roof, which have their wall plates running in different directions.

3. (Engin)

Defn: In a bridge truss, the place where an inclined end post meets the top chord. Waddell. Hip bone (Anat.), the innominate bone; -- called also haunch bone and huckle bone. -- Hip girdle (Anat.), the pelvic girdle. -- Hip joint (Anat.), the articulation between the thigh bone and hip bone. -- Hip knob (Arch.), a finial, ball, or other ornament at the intersection of the hip rafters and the ridge. -- Hip molding (Arch.), a molding on the hip of a roof, covering the hip joint of the slating or other roofing. -- Hip rafter (Arch.), the rafter extending from the wall plate to the ridge in the angle of a hip roof. -- Hip roof, Hipped roof (Arch.), a roof having sloping ends and sloping sides. See Hip, n., 2., and Hip, v. t., 3. -- Hip tile, a tile made to cover the hip of a roof. -- To catch upon the hip, or To have on the hip, to have or get the advantage of; -- a figure probably derived from wresting. Shak. -- To smite hip and thigh, to overthrow completely; to defeat utterly. Judg. xv. 8.

HIP Hip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hipped; p. pr. & vb. n. Hipping.]

1. To dislocate or sprain the hip of, to fracture or injure the hip bone of (a quadruped) in such a manner as to produce a permanent depression of that side.

2. To throw (one's adversary) over one's hip in wrestling (technically called cross buttock).

3. To make with a hip or hips, as a roof. Hipped roof. See Hip roof, under Hip.

HIP Hip, n. Etym: [OE. hepe, AS. heópe; cf. OHG. hiufo a bramble bush.] (Bot.)

Defn: The fruit of a rosebush, especially of the English dog-rose (Rosa canina). [Written also hop, hep.] Hip tree (Bot.), the dog- rose.

HIP Hip, interj.

Defn: Used to excite attention or as a signal; as, hip, hip, hurra!

HIP; HIPPS Hip, or Hipps (, n.

Defn: See Hyp, n. [Colloq.]

HIPE; HYPE Hipe, n. Also Hype . [Etym. uncertain.] (Wrestling)

Defn: A throw in which the wrestler lifts his opponent from the ground, swings him to one side, knocks up his nearer thigh from the back with the knee, and throws him on his back.

HIPE Hipe, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Hiped; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiping.] (Wrestling)

Defn: To throw by means of a hipe. -- Hip"er (#), n.

HIPHALT Hip"halt`, a.

Defn: Lame in the hip. [R.] Gower.

HIP LOCK Hip lock. (Wrestling)

Defn: A lock in which a close grip is obtained and a fall attempted by a heave over the hip.

HIPPA; HIPPE Hip"pa, Hip"pe, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine decapod crustaceans, which burrow rapidly in the sand by pushing themselves backward; -- called also bait bug. See Illust. under Anomura.

HIPPARION Hip*pa"ri*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct genus of Tertiary mammals allied to the horse, but three-toed, having on each foot a small lateral hoof on each side of the main central one. It is believed to be one of the ancestral genera of the Horse family.

HIPPED; HIPPISH Hipped, Hip"pish, a. Etym: [From 5th Hip.]

Defn: Somewhat hypochondriac; melancholy. See Hyppish. [Colloq.] When we are hipped or in high spirits. R. L. Stevenson.

HIPPOBOSCA Hip`po*bos"ca, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of dipterous insects including the horsefly or horse tick. -- Hip`po*bos"can, a.

HIPPOCAMP Hip"po*camp, n.

Defn: See Hippocampus.

HIPPOCAMPAL Hip`po*cam"pal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the hippocampus.

HIPPOCAMPUS Hip`po*cam"pus, n. Etym: [L., the sea horse, Gr. "i`ppos horse +

1. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: A fabulous monster, with the head and fore quarters of a horse joined to the tail of a dolphin or other fish (Hippocampus brevirostris), -- seen in Pompeian paintings, attached to the chariot of Neptune. Fairholt.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of lophobranch fishes of several species in which the head and neck have some resemblance to those of a horse; -- called also sea horse.

Note: They swim slowly, in an erect position, and often cling to seaweeds by means of the incurved prehensile tail. The male has a ventral pouch, in which it carries the eggs till hatched.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A name applied to either of two ridges of white matter in each lateral ventricle of the brain. The larger is called hippocampus major or simply hippocampus. The smaller, hippocampus minor, is called also ergot and calcar.

HIPPOCENTAUR Hip`po*cen"taur, n. Etym: [L. hippocentaurus, Gr. (Myth.)

Defn: Same as Centaur.

HIPPOCRAS Hip"po*cras, n. Etym: [F. hippocras, hypocras, NL. vinum hippocraticum, lit., wine of Hippocrates.]

Defn: A cordial made of spiced wine, etc.

HIPPOCRATES Hip*poc"ra*tes, n.

Defn: A famous Greek physician and medical writer, born in Cos, about 460 B. C. Hippocrates' sleeve, a conical strainer, made by stitching together two adjacent sides of a square piece of cloth, esp. flannel of linen.

HIPPOCRATIC Hip"po*crat"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Hippocrates, or to his teachings. Hippocratic face Etym: [L. facies Hippocratica], the change produced in the countenance by death, or long sickness, excessive evacuations, excessive hunger, and the like. The nose is pinched, the eyes are sunk, the temples hollow, the ears cold and retracted, the skin of the forehead tense and dry, the complexion livid, the lips pendent, relaxed, and cold; -- so called, as having been described by Hippocrates. Dunglison. -- Hippocratic oath, an oath said to have been dictated by Hippocrates to his disciples. Such an oath is still administered to candidates for graduation in medicine.

HIPPOCRATISM Hip*poc"ra*tism, n.

Defn: The medical philosophy or system of Hippocrates.

HIPPOCRENE Hip"po*crene, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: A fountain on Mount Helicon in Boeotia, fabled to have burst forth when the ground was struck by the hoof of Pegasus. Also, its waters, which were supposed to impart poetic inspiration. Keats. Nor maddening draughts of Hippocrene. Longfellow.

HIPPOCREPIAN Hip"po*crep"i*an, n. Etym: [See Hippocrepiform.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of an order of fresh-water Bryozoa, in which the tentacles are on a lophophore, shaped like a horseshoe. See Phylactolæma.

HIPPOCREPIFORM Hip`po*crep`i*form, a. Etym: [Gr. -form.] (Bot.)

Defn: Shaped like a horseshoe.

HIPPODAME Hip"po*dame, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hippopotame.]

Defn: A fabulous sea monster. [Obs.] Spenser.

HIPPODROME Hip"po*drome, n. Etym: [L. hippodromos, Gr. hippodrome.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A place set apart for equestrian and chariot races.

2. An arena for equestrian performances; a circus.

HIPPOGRIFF Hip"po*griff, n. Etym: [F. hippogriffe; cf. It. ippogrifo. See Hippopotamus, Griffon.] (Myth.)

Defn: A fabulous winged animal, half horse and half griffin. Milton.

HIPPOLITH Hip"po*lith, n. Etym: [Gr. -lith.]

Defn: A concretion, or kind of bezoar, from the intestines of the horse.

HIPPOPATHOLOGY Hip`po*pa*thol`o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. pathology: cf. F. hippopathologie.]

Defn: The science of veterinary medicine; the pathology of the horse.

HIPPOPHAGI Hip*poph"a*gi, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Hippophagous.]

Defn: Eaters of horseflesh.

HIPPOPHAGISM Hip*poph"a*gism, n.

Defn: Hippophagy. Lowell.

HIPPOPHAGIST Hip*poph"a*gist, n.

Defn: One who eats horseflesh.

HIPPOPHAGOUS Hip*poph"a*gous, a. Etym: [Gr. hippophage.]

Defn: Feeding on horseflesh; -- said of certain nomadic tribes, as the Tartars.

HIPPOPHAGY Hip*poph"a*gy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. hippophagie.]

Defn: The act or practice of feeding on horseflesh.

HIPPOPHILE Hip"po*phile, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who loves horses. Holmes.

HIPPOPOTAMUS Hip`po*pot"a*mus, n.; pl. E. Hippopotamuses, L. Hippopotami. Etym: [L., from Gr.Equine.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, amphibious, herbivorous mammal (Hippopotamus amphibius), common in the rivers of Africa. It is allied to the hogs, and has a very thick, naked skin, a thick and square head, a very large muzzle, small eyes and ears, thick and heavy body, and short legs. It is supposed to be the behemoth of the Bible. Called also zeekoe, and river horse. A smaller species (H. Liberiencis) inhabits Western Africa.

HIPPOTOMY Hip*pot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. hippotomie.]

Defn: Anatomy of the horse.

HIPPURIC Hip*pu"ric, a. Etym: [Gr. hippurique.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Obtained from the urine of horses; as, hippuric acid. Hippuric acid, a white crystalline substance, containing nitrogen, present in the urine of herbivorous animals, and in small quantity in human urine. By the action of acids, it is decomposed into benzoic acid and glycocoll.

HIPPURITE Hip"pu*rite, n. Etym: [Gr. hippurite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil bivalve mollusk of the genus Hippurites, of many species, having a conical, cup-shaped under valve, with a flattish upper valve or lid. Hippurites are found only in the Cretaceous rocks.

HIP-ROOFED Hip"-roofed`, a.

Defn: Having a hip roof.

HIPSHOT Hip"shot`, a. Etym: [Hip + shot.]

Defn: Having the hip dislocated; hence, having one hip lower than the other. L'Estrange.

HIP TREE Hip" tree`. (Bot.)

Defn: The dog-rose.

HIR Hir, pron. [Obs.]

Defn: See Here, pron. Chaucer.

HIRCIC Hir"cic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. hircique. See Hircin.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, mutton suet; -- applied by Chevreul to an oily acid which was obtained from mutton suet, and to which he attributed the peculiar taste and smell of that substance. The substance has also been called hircin. Watts.

HIRCIN Hir"cin, n. Etym: [L. hircus, he-goat, buck: cf. F. hircine.] (Chem.)

Defn: Hircic acid. See Hircic. [R.]

HIRCINE; HIRCINOUS Hir"cine, Hir"ci*nous, a. Etym: [L. hircinus, fr. hircus hegoat: cf. F. hircin.]

1. Goatlike; of or pertaining to a goat or the goats.

2. Of a strong goatish smell.

HIRE Hire, pron. [Obs.]

Defn: See Here, pron. Chaucer.

HIRE Hire, n. Etym: [OE. hire, hure, AS. h; akin to D.huur, G. heuer, Dan. hyre, Sw. hyra.]

1. The price; reward, or compensation paid, or contracted to be paid, for the temporary use of a thing or a place, for personal service, or for labor; wages; rent; pay. The laborer is worthy of his hire. Luke x. 7.

2. (Law.)

Defn: A bailment by which the use of a thing, or the services and labor of a person, are contracted for at a certain price or reward. Story.

Syn. -- Wages; salary; stipend; allowance; pay.

HIRE Hire, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hired; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiring.] Etym: [OE. hiren, huren, AS. h; akin to D. huren, G. heuern, Dan. hyre, Sw. hyra. See Hire, n.]

1. To procure (any chattel or estate) from another person, for temporary use, for a compensation or equivalent; to purchase the use or enjoyment of for a limited time; as, to hire a farm for a year; to hire money.

2. To engage or purchase the service, labor, or interest of (any one) for a specific purpose, by payment of wages; as, to hire a servant, an agent, or an advocate.

3. To grant the temporary use of, for compensation; to engage to give the service of, for a price; to let; to lease; -- now usually with out, and often reflexively; as, he has hired out his horse, or his time. They . . . have hired out themselves for bread. 1 Sam. ii. 5.

HIRELESS Hire"less, a.

Defn: Without hire. Davenant.

HIRELING Hire"ling, n. Etym: [AS. h. See Hire, n., and -ling.]

Defn: One who is hired, or who serves for wages; esp., one whose motive and interest in serving another are wholly gainful; a mercenary. "Lewd hirelings." Milton.

HIRELING Hire"ling, a.

Defn: Serving for hire or wages; venal; mercenary. "Hireling mourners." Dryden.

HIRE PURCHASE; HIRE PURCHASE AGREEMENT; HIRE AND PURCHASE AGREEMENT Hire purchase, or, more fully, Hire purchase agreement, or Hire and purchase agreement. (Law)

Defn: A contract (more fully called contract of hire with an option of purchase) in which a person hires goods for a specified period and at a fixed rent, with the added condition that if he shall retain the goods for the full period and pay all the installments of rent as they become due the contract shall determine and the title vest absolutely in him, and that if he chooses he may at any time during the term surrender the goods and be quit of any liability for future installments upon the contract. In the United States such a contract is generally treated as a conditional sale, and the term hire purchase is also sometimes applied to a contract in which the hirer is not free to avoid future liability by surrender of the goods. In England, however, if the hirer does not have this right the contract is a sale.

HIRER Hir"er, n.

Defn: One who hires.

HIRES; HIRS Hires, Hirs, pron.

Defn: Hers; theirs. See Here, pron. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HIRSUTE Hir*sute", a. Etym: [L. hirsutus; prob. akin to horridus horrid. Cf. Horrid.]

1. Rough with hair; set with bristles; shaggy.

2. Rough and coarse; boorish. [R.] Cynical and hirsute in his behavior. Life of A. Wood.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Pubescent with coarse or stiff hairs. Gray.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Covered with hairlike feathers, as the feet of certain birds.

HIRSUTENESS Hir*sute"ness, n.

Defn: Hairiness. Burton.

HIRTELLOUS Hir*tel"lous, a. Etym: [Dim., fr. L. hirtus hairy.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Pubescent with minute and somewhat rigid hairs.

HIRUDINE Hi*ru"dine, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the leeches.

HIRUDINEA Hir`u*din"e*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. hirudo, hirudinis, a leech.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Annelida, including the leeches; -- called also Hirudinei.

HIRUDO Hi*ru"do, n. Etym: [L., a leech.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of leeches, including the common medicinal leech. See Leech.

HIRUNDINE Hi*run"dine, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the swallows.

HIRUNDO Hi*run"do, n. Etym: [L., swallow.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of birds including the swallows and martins.

HIS His, pron. Etym: [AS. his of him, his, gen. masc. & neut. of h, neut. hit. See He.]

1. Belonging or pertaining to him; -- used as a pronominal adjective or adjective pronoun; as, tell John his papers are ready; formerly used also for its, but this use is now obsolete. No comfortable star did lend his light. Shak. Who can impress the forest, bid the tree Unfix his earth-bound root Shak.

Note: Also formerly used in connection with a noun simply as a sign of the possessive. "The king his son." Shak. "By young Telemachus his blooming years." Pope. This his is probably a corruption of the old possessive ending -is or -es, which, being written as a separate word, was at length confounded with the pronoun his.

2. The possessive of he; as, the book is his. "The sea is his, and he made it." Ps. xcv. 5.

HISINGERITE His"ing*er*ite, n. Etym: [Named after W. Hisinger, a Swedish mineralogist.] (Min.)

Defn: A soft black, iron ore, nearly earthy, a hydrous silicate of iron.

HISPANIC His*pan"ic, a. Etym: [L. Hispanicus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Spain or its language; as, Hispanic words.

HISPANICISM His*pan"i*cism, n.

Defn: A Spanish idiom or mode of speech. Keightley.

HISPANICIZE His*pan"i*cize, v. t.

Defn: To give a Spanish form or character to; as, to Hispanicize Latin words.

HISPID His"pid, a. Etym: [L. hispidus: cf. F. hispide.]

1. Rough with bristles or minute spines.

2. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Beset with stiff hairs or bristles.

HISPIDULOUS His*pid"u*lous, a. Etym: [Dim. of hispid.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Minutely hispid.

HISS Hiss. v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hissed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hissing.] Etym: [AS. hysian; prob. of imitative originhissen, OD. hisschen.]

1. To make with the mouth a prolonged sound like that of the letter s, by driving the breath between the tongue and the teeth; to make with the mouth a sound like that made by a goose or a snake when angered; esp., to make such a sound as an expression of hatred, passion, or disapproval. The merchants among the people shall hiss at thee. Ezek. xxvii. 36.

2. To make a similar noise by any means; to pass with a sibilant sound; as, the arrow hissed as it flew. Shod with steel, We hissed along the polished ice. Wordsworth.

HISS Hiss, v. t.

1. To condemn or express contempt for by hissing. If the tag-rag people did not clap him and hiss him, according as he pleased and displeased them. Shak. Malcolm. What is the newest grief Ros. That of an hour's age doth hiss the speaker. Shak.

2. To utter with a hissing sound. The long-necked geese of the world that are ever hissing dispraise. Tennyson.

HISS Hiss, n.

1. A prolonged sound like that letter s, made by forcing out the breath between the tongue and teeth, esp. as a token of disapprobation or contempt. "Hiss" implies audible friction of breath consonants. H. Sweet. A dismal, universal hiss, the sound Of public scorn. Milton.

2. Any sound resembling that above described; as: (a) The noise made by a serpent. But hiss for hiss returned with forked tongue. Milton.

(b) The note of a goose when irritated. (c) The noise made by steam escaping through a narrow orifice, or by water falling on a hot stove.

HISSING Hiss"ing, n.

1. The act of emitting a hiss or hisses.

2. The occasion of contempt; the object of scorn and derision. [Archaic] I will make this city desolate, and a hissing. Jer. xix. 8.

HISSINGLY Hiss"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With a hissing sound.

HIST Hist, interj. Etym: [Cf. Dan. hys. Hush, Whist.]

Defn: Hush; be silent; -- a signal for silence. Milton.

HISTIOLOGY His`ti*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue + -logy.]

Defn: Same as Histology.

HISTOGENESIS His`to*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue + E. genesis.] (Biol.) (a) The formation and development of organic tissues; histogeny; -- the opposite of histolysis. (b) Germ history of cells, and of the tissues composed of cells. Haeckel.

HISTOGENETIC His`to*ge*net"ic, a. Etym: [See Histogeny.] (Biol.)

Defn: Tissue-producing; connected with the formation and development of the organic tissues.

HISTOGENY His*tog"e*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue + root of (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Histogenesis. Dunglison.

HISTOGRAPHER His*tog"ra*pher, n.

Defn: One who describes organic tissues; an histologist.

HISTOGRAPHICAL His"to*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to histography.

HISTOGRAPHY His*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue + -graphy.]

Defn: A description of, or treatise on, organic tissues.

HISTOHAEMATIN His`to*hæm"a*tin, n. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue + E. hæmatin.] (Physiol.)

Defn: One of a class of respiratory pigments, widely distributed in the animal kingdom, capable of ready oxidation and reduction.

HISTOID His"toid, a. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue + -oid.]

Defn: Resembling the normal tissues; as, histoid tumors.

HISTOLOGIC; HISTOLOGICAL His`to*log"ic, His`to*log"ic*al a. (Biol.)

Defn: Pertaining to histology, or to the microscopic structure of the tissues of living organisms. -- His`to*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

HISTOLOGIST His*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in histology.

HISTOLOGY His*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue + -logy.]

Defn: That branch of biological science, which treats of the minute (microscopic) structure of animal and vegetable tissues; -- called also histiology.

HISTOLYSIS His*tol"y*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "isto`s tissue + (Biol.)

Defn: The decay and dissolution of the organic tissues and of the blood.

HISTOLYTIC His`to*lyt"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to histolysis, or the degeneration of tissues.

HISTONOMY His*ton"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue +

Defn: The science which treats of the laws relating to organic tissues, their formation, development, functions, etc.

HISTOPHYLY His*toph"y*ly, n. Etym: [Gr. "isto`s tissue + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The tribal history of cells, a division of morphophyly. Haeckel.

HISTORIAL His*to"ri*al, a. Etym: [L. historialis: cf. F. historial.]

Defn: Historical. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HISTORIAN His*to"ri*an, n. Etym: [F. historien.]

1. A writer of history; a chronicler; an annalist. Even the historian takes great liberties with facts. Sir J. Reynolds.

2. One versed or well informed in history. Great captains should be good historians. South.

HISTORIC; HISTORICAL His*tor"ic, His*tor"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. historicus, Gr. historique. See History.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to history, or the record of past events; as, an historical poem; the historic page. -- His*tor"ic*al*ness, n. -- His*to*ric"i*ty, n. There warriors frowning in historic brass. Pope. Historical painting, that branch of painting which represents the events of history. -- Historical sense, that meaning of a passage which is deduced from the circumstances of time, place, etc., under which it was written. -- The historic sense, the capacity to conceive and represent the unity and significance of a past era or age.

HISTORICALLY His*tor"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of, or in accordance with, history.

HISTORICIZE His*tor"i*cize, v. t.

Defn: To record or narrate in the manner of a history; to chronicle. [R.]

HISTORIED His"to*ried, a.

Defn: Related in history.

HISTORIER His*to"ri*er, n.

Defn: An historian. [Obs.]

HISTORIETTE His`to*ri*ette", n. Etym: [F., dim. of histoire a history.]

Defn: Historical narration on a small scale; a brief recital; a story. Emerson.

HISTORIFY His*tor"i*fy, v. t. Etym: [History + -fy.]

Defn: To record in or as history. [R.] Lamb. Thy conquest meet to be historified. Sir P. Sidney.

HISTORIOGRAPHER His*to`ri*og"ra*pher, n. Etym: [L. historiographus, Gr. historiographe.]

Defn: An historian; a writer of history; especially, one appointed or designated to write a history; also, a title bestowed by some governments upon historians of distinction.

HISTORIOGRAPHERSHIP His*to`ri*og"ra*pher*ship, n.

Defn: The office of an historiographer. Saintsbury.

HISTORIOGRAPHY His*to`ri*og"ra*phy, n.

Defn: The art of employment of an historiographer.

HISTORIOLOGY His*to`ri*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: A discourse on history. Cockeram.

HISTORIONOMER His*to`ri*on"o*mer, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One versed in the phenomena of history and the laws controlling them. And historionomers will have measured accurately the sidereal years of races. Lowell.

HISTORIZE His"to*rize, v. t.

Defn: To relate as history; to chronicle; to historicize. [R.] Evelyn.

HISTORY His"to*ry, n.; pl. Histories. Etym: [L.historia, Gr. 'istori`a history, information, inquiry, fr. 'istwr, "istwr, knowing, learned, from the root of wit. See Wit, and cf. Story.]

1. A learning or knowing by inquiry; the knowledge of facts and events, so obtained; hence, a formal statement of such information; a narrative; a description; a written record; as, the history of a patient's case; the history of a legislative bill.

2. A systematic, written account of events, particularly of those affecting a nation, institution, science, or art, and usually connected with a philosophical explanation of their causes; a true story, as distinguished from a romance; -- distinguished also from annals, which relate simply the facts and events of each year, in strict chronological order; from biography, which is the record of an individual's life; and from memoir, which is history composed from personal experience, observation, and memory. Histories are as perfect as the historian is wise, and is gifted with an eye and a soul. Carlyle. For aught that I could ever read, Could ever hear by tale or history. Shak. What histories of toil could I declare! Pope. History piece, a representation in painting, drawing, etc., of any real event, including the actors and the action. -- Natural history, a description and classification of objects in nature, as minerals, plants, animals, etc., and the phenomena which they exhibit to the senses.

Syn. -- Chronicle; annals; relation; narration. -- History, Chronicle, Annals. History is a methodical record of important events which concern a community of men, usually so arranged as to show the connection of causes and effects, to give an analysis of motive and action etc. A chronicle is a record of such events, conforming to the order of time as its distinctive feature. Annals are a chronicle divided up into separate years. By poetic license annals is sometimes used for history. Justly Cæsar scorns the poet's lays; It is to history he trusts for praise. Pope. No more yet of this; For 't is a chronicle of day by day, Not a relation for a breakfast. Shak. Many glorious examples in the annals of our religion. Rogers.

HISTORY His"to*ry, v. t.

Defn: To narrate or record. [Obs.] Shak.

HISTOTOMY His*tot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The dissection of organic tissues.

HISTOZYME His"to*zyme, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A soluble ferment occurring in the animal body, to the presence of which many normal decompositions and synthetical processes are supposed to be due.

HISTRION His"tri*on, n. Etym: [L. histrio: cf. F. histrion.]

Defn: A player. [R.] Pope.

HISTRIONIC; HISTRIONICAL His`tri*on"ic, His`tri*on"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. histrionicus: cf. F. histronique. See Histrion.]

Defn: Of or relating to the stage or a stageplayer; befitting a theatre; theatrical; -- sometimes in a bad sense. -- His`tri*on"ic*al*ly, adv. Tainted with false and histrionic feeling. De Quincey.

HISTRIONICISM His`tri*on"i*cism, n.

Defn: The histronic art; stageplaying. W. Black.

HISTRIONISM His"tri*o*nism, n.

Defn: Theatrical representation; acting; affectation. Sir T. Browne.

HISTRIONIZE His"tri*o*nize, v. t.

Defn: To act; to represent on the stage, or theatrically. Urquhart.

HIT Hit, pron.

Defn: It. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HIT Hit,

Defn: 3d pers. sing. pres. of Hide, contracted from hideth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HIT Hit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hit; p. pr. & vb. n. Hitting.] Etym: [OE. hitten, hutten, of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. hitte to hit, find, Sw. & Icel. hitta.]

1. To reach with a stroke or blow; to strike or touch, usually with force; especially, to reach or touch (an object aimed at). I think you have hit the mark. Shak.

2. To reach or attain exactly; to meet according to the occasion; to perform successfully; to attain to; to accord with; to be conformable to; to suit. Birds learning tunes, and their endeavors to hit the notes right. Locke. There you hit him; . . . that argument never fails with him. Dryden. Whose saintly visage is too bright To hit the sense of human sight. Milton. He scarcely hit my humor. Tennyson.

3. To guess; to light upon or discover. "Thou hast hit it." Shak.

4. (Backgammon)

Defn: To take up, or replace by a piece belonging to the opposing player; -- said of a single unprotected piece on a point. To hit off, to describe with quick characteristic strokes; as, to hit off a speaker. Sir W. Temple. -- To hit out, to perform by good luck. [Obs.] Spenser.

HIT Hit, v. i.

1. To meet or come in contact; to strike; to clash; -- followed by against or on. If bodies be extension alone, how can they move and hit one against another Locke. Corpuscles, meeting with or hitting on those bodies, become conjoined with them. Woodward.

2. To meet or reach what was aimed at or desired; to succeed, -- often with implied chance, or luck. And oft it hits Where hope is coldest and despair most fits. Shak. And millions miss for one that hits. Swift. To hit on or upon, to light upon; to come to by chance. "None of them hit upon the art." Addison.

HIT Hit, n.

1. A striking against; the collision of one body against another; the stroke that touches anything. So he the famed Cilician fencer praised, And, at each hit, with wonder seems amazed. Dryden.

2. A stroke of success in an enterprise, as by a fortunate chance; as, he made a hit. What late he called a blessing, now was wit, And God's good providence, a lucky hit. Pope.

3. A peculiarly apt expression or turn of thought; a phrase which hits the mark; as, a happy hit.

4. A game won at backgammon after the adversary has removed some of his men. It counts less than a gammon.

5. (Baseball)

Defn: A striking of the ball; as, a safe hit; a foul hit; -- sometimes used specifically for a base hit. Base hit, Safe hit, Sacrifice hit. (Baseball) See under Base, Safe, etc.

HIT Hit adj.

Defn: having become very popular or acclaimed; -- said of entertainment performances; as, a hit record, a hit movie.

HITCH Hitch, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Scot. hitch a motion by a jerk, and hatch, hotch, to move by jerks, also Prov. G. hiksen, G. hinken, to limp, hobble; or E. hiccough; or possibly akin to E. hook.]

1. To become entangled or caught; to be linked or yoked; to unite; to cling. Atoms . . . which at length hitched together. South.

2. To move interruptedly or with halts, jerks, or steps; -- said of something obstructed or impeded. Slides into verse, and hitches in a rhyme. Pope. To ease themselves . . . by hitching into another place. Fuller.

3. To hit the legs together in going, as horses; to interfere. [Eng.] Halliwell.

HITCH Hitch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hitched; p. pr. & vb. n. Hitching.]

1. To hook; to catch or fasten as by a hook or a knot; to make fast, unite, or yoke; as, to hitch a horse, or a halter.

2. To move with hitches; as, he hitched his chair nearer. To hitch up. (a) To fasten up. (b) To pull or raise with a jerk; as, a sailor hitches up his trousers. (c) To attach, as a horse, to a vehicle; as, hitch up the gray mare. [Colloq.]

HITCH Hitch, n.

1. A catch; anything that holds, as a hook; an impediment; an obstacle; an entanglement.

2. The act of catching, as on a hook, etc.

3. A stop or sudden halt; a stoppage; an impediment; a temporary obstruction; an obstacle; as, a hitch in one's progress or utterance; a hitch in the performance.

4. A sudden movement or pull; a pull up; as, the sailor gave his trousers a hitch.

5. (Naut.)

Defn: A knot or noose in a rope which can be readily undone; -- intended for a temporary fastening; as, a half hitch; a clove hitch; a timber hitch, etc.

6. (Geol.)

Defn: A small dislocation of a bed or vein.

HITCHEL Hitch"el, n. & v. t.

Defn: See Hatchel.

HITHE Hithe, n. Etym: [AS. hHide to conceal.]

Defn: A port or small haven; -- used in composition; as, Lambhithe, now Lambeth. Pennant.

HITHER Hith"er, adv. Etym: [OE. hider, AS. hider; akin to Icel. hra, Dan. hid, Sw. hit, Goth. hidrcitra on this side, or E. here, he. He.]

1. To this place; -- used with verbs signifying motion, and implying motion toward the speaker; correlate of hence and thither; as, to come or bring hither.

2. To this point, source, conclusion, design, etc.; -- in a sense not physical. Hither we refer whatsoever belongeth unto the highest perfection of man. Hooker. Hither and thither, to and fro; backward and forward; in various directions. "Victory is like a traveller, and goeth hither and thither." Knolles.

HITHER Hith"er, a.

1. Being on the side next or toward the person speaking; nearer; -- correlate of thither and farther; as, on the hither side of a hill. Milton.

2. Applied to time: On the hither side of, younger than; of fewer years than. And on the hither side, or so she looked, Of twenty summers. Tennyson. To the present generation, that is to say, the people a few years on the hither and thither side of thirty, the name of Charles Darwin stands alongside of those of Isaac Newton and Michael Faraday. Huxley.

HITHERMOST Hith"er*most`, a.

Defn: Nearest on this side. Sir M. Hale.

HITHERTO Hith"er*to`, adv.

1. To this place; to a prescribed limit. Hitherto shalt thou come, but no further. Job xxxviii. 11.

2. Up to this time; as yet; until now. The Lord hath blessed me hitherto. Josh. xvii. 14.

HITHERWARD Hith"er*ward, adv. Etym: [AS. hiderweard.]

Defn: Toward this place; hither. Marching hitherward in proud array. Shak.

HITTER Hit"ter, n.

Defn: One who hits or strikes; as, a hard hitter.

HITTITE Hit"tite, n. [From Heb. Khittim Hittites.]

Defn: A member of an ancient people (or perhaps group of peoples) whose settlements extended from Armenia westward into Asia Minor and southward into Palestine. They are known to have been met along the Orontes as early as 1500 b. c., and were often at war with the Egyptians and Assyrians. Especially in the north they developed a considerable civilization, of which numerous monuments and inscriptions are extant. Authorities are not agreed as to their race. While several attempts have been made to decipher the Hittite characters, little progress has yet been made.

HITTORF RAYS Hit"torf rays. (Elec.)

Defn: Rays (chiefly cathode rays) developed by the electric discharge in Hittorf tubes.

HITTORF TUBE Hit"torf tube. (Elec.) (a) A highly exhausted glass tube with metallic electrodes nearly in contact so as to exhibit the insulating effects of a vacuum. It was used by the German physicist W. Hittorf (b. 1824). (b) A Crookes tube.

HIVE Hive, n. Etym: [OE. hive, huve, AS. h.]

1. A box, basket, or other structure, for the reception and habitation of a swarm of honeybees. Dryden.

2. The bees of one hive; a swarm of bees. Shak.

3. A place swarming with busy occupants; a crowd. The hive of Roman liars. Tennyson. Hive bee (Zoöl.), the honeybee.

HIVE Hive, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hived; p. pr. & vb. n. Hiving.]

1. To collect into a hive; to place in, or cause to enter, a hive; as, to hive a swarm of bees.

2. To store up in a hive, as honey; hence, to gather and accumulate for future need; to lay up in store. Hiving wisdom with each studious year. Byron.

HIVE Hive, v. i.

Defn: To take shelter or lodgings together; to reside in a collective body. Pope.

HIVELESS Hive"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of a hive. Gascoigne.

HIVER Hiv"er, n.

Defn: One who collects bees into a hive.

HIVES Hives, n. Etym: [Scot.; perh. akin to E. heave.] (Med.) (a) The croup. (b) An eruptive disease (Varicella globularis), allied to the chicken pox.

HIZZ Hizz, v. i.

Defn: To hiss. [Obs.] Shak.

HO Ho, pron.

Defn: Who. [Obs.] In some Chaucer MSS.

HO; HOA Ho, Hoa, n. Etym: [See Ho, interj., 2.]

Defn: A stop; a halt; a moderation of pace. There is no ho with them. Decker.

HO; HOA Ho, Hoa, interj. Etym: [Cf. F. & G. ho.]

1. Halloo! attend! -- a call to excite attention, or to give notice of approach. "What noise there, ho" Shak. "Ho! who's within" Shak.

2. Etym: [Perhaps corrupted fr. hold; but cf. F. hau stop! and E. whoa.]

Defn: Stop! stand still! hold! -- a word now used by teamsters, but formerly to order the cessation of anything. [Written also whoa, and, formerly, hoo.] The duke . . . pulled out his sword and cried "Hoo!" Chaucer. An herald on a scaffold made an hoo. Chaucer.

HOAR Hoar, a. Etym: [OE. hor, har, AS. har; akin to Icel. harr, and to OHG. her illustrious, magnificent; cf. Icel. Heiedh brightness of the sky, Goth. hais torch, Skr. ketus light, torch. Cf. Hoary.]

1. White, or grayish white: as, hoar frost; hoar cliffs. "Hoar waters." Spenser.

2. Gray or white with age; hoary. Whose beard with age is hoar. Coleridge. Old trees with trunks all hoar. Byron.

3. Musty; moldy; stale. [Obs.] Shak.

HOAR Hoar, n.

Defn: Hoariness; antiquity. [R.] Covered with the awful hoar of innumerable ages. Burke.

HOAR Hoar, v. t. Etym: [AS. harian to grow gray.]

Defn: To become moldy or musty. [Obs.] Shak.

HOARD Hoard, n.

Defn: See Hoarding, 2. Smart.

HOARD Hoard, n. Etym: [OE. hord, AS. hord; akin to OS. hord, G. hort, Icel. hodd, Goth. huzd; prob. from the root of E. hide to conceal, and of L. custos guard, E. custody. See Hide to conceal.]

Defn: A store, stock, or quantity of anything accumulated or laid up; a hidden supply; a treasure; as, a hoard of provisions; a hoard of money.

HOARD Hoard, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hoarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Hoarding.] Etym: [AS. hordian.]

Defn: To collect and lay up; to amass and deposit in secret; to store secretly, or for the sake of keeping and accumulating; as, to hoard grain.

HOARD Hoard, v. i.

Defn: To lay up a store or hoard, as of money. To hoard for those whom he did breed. Spenser.

HOARDER Hoard"er, n.

Defn: One who hoards.

HOARDING Hoard"ing, n. Etym: [From OF. hourd, hourt, barrier, palisade, of German or Dutch origin; cf. D. horde hurdle, fence, G. horde, hürde; akin to E. hurdle. sq. root16. See Hurdle.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A screen of boards inclosing a house and materials while builders are at work. [Eng.] Posted on every dead wall and hoarding. London Graphic.

2. A fence, barrier, or cover, inclosing, surrounding, or concealing something. The whole arrangement was surrounded by a hoarding, the space within which was divided into compartments by sheets of tin. Tyndall.

HOARED Hoared, a.

Defn: Moldy; musty. [Obs.] Granmer.

HOARFROST Hoar"frost`, n.

Defn: The white particles formed by the congelation of dew; white frost. [Written also horefrost. See Hoar, a.] He scattereth the hoarfrost like ashes. Ps. cxlvii. 16.

HOARHOUND Hoar"hound`, n.

Defn: Same as Horehound.

HOARINESS Hoar"i*ness, n. Etym: [From Hoary.]

Defn: The state of being hoary. Dryden.

HOARSE Hoarse, a. [Compar. Hoarser, superl. Hoarsest.] Etym: [OE. hors, also hos, has, AS. has; akin to D. heesch, G. heiser, Icel. hass, Dan. hæs, Sw. hes. Cf. Prov. E. heazy.]

1. Having a harsh, rough, grating voice or sound, as when affected with a cold; making a rough, harsh cry or sound; as, the hoarse raven. The hoarse resounding shore. Dryden.

2. Harsh; grating; discordant; -- said of any sound.

HOARSELY Hoarse"ly, adv.

Defn: With a harsh, grating sound or voice.

HOARSEN Hoars"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hoarsened; p. pr. & vb. n. Hoarsening.]

Defn: To make hoarse. I shall be obliged to hoarsen my voice. Richardson.

HOARSENESS Hoarse"ness, n.

Defn: Harshness or roughness of voice or sound, due to mucus collected on the vocal cords, or to swelling or looseness of the cords.

HOARSTONE Hoar"stone`, n.

Defn: A stone designating the Halliwell.

HOARY Hoar"y, a.

1. White or whitish."The hoary willows." Addison.

2. White or gray with age; hoar; as, hoary hairs. Reverence the hoary head. Dr. T. Dwight.

3. Hence, remote in time past; as, hoary antiquity.

4. Moldy; mossy; musty. [Obs.] Knolles.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of a pale silvery gray.

6. (Bot.)

Defn: Covered with short, dense, grayish white hairs; canescent. Hoary bat (Zoöl.), an American bat (Atalapha cinerea), having the hair yellowish, or brown, tipped with white.

HOATZIN Ho"at*zin, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Hoazin.

HOAX Hoax, n. Etym: [Prob. contr. fr. hocus, in hocus-pocus.]

Defn: A deception for mockery or mischief; a deceptive trick or story; a practical joke. Macaulay.

HOAX Hoax, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hoaxed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hoaxing.]

Defn: To deceive by a story or a trick, for sport or mischief; to impose upon sportively. Lamb.

HOAXER Hoax"er, n.

Defn: One who hoaxes.

HOAZIN Hoa"zin, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A remarkable South American bird (Opisthocomus cristatus); the crested touraco. By some zoölogists it is made the type of a distinct order (Opisthocomi).

HOB Hob, n. Etym: [Prob. akin to hump. Cf. Hub. ]

1. The hub of a wheel. See Hub. Washington.

2. The flat projection or iron shelf at the side of a fire grate, where things are put to be kept warm. Smart.

3. (Mech.)

Defn: A threaded and fluted hardened steel cutter, resembling a tap, used in a lathe for forming the teeth of screw chasers, worm wheels, etc.

HOB Hob, n Etym: [Orig. an abbrev. of Robin, Robert; Robin Goodfellow a celebrated fairy, or domestic spirit. Cf. Hobgoblin, and see Robin. ]

1. A fairy; a sprite; an elf. [Obs.] From elves, hobs, and fairies, . . . Defend us, good Heaven ! Beau. & FL.

2. A countryman; a rustic; a clown. [Obs.] Nares.

HOBANOB; HOBANDNOB Hob"a*nob`, Hob"and*nob`, v. i.

Defn: Same as Hobnob. Tennyson.

HOBBISM Hob"bism, n.

Defn: The philosophical system of Thomas Hobbes, an English materialist (

HOBBIST Hob"bist, n.

Defn: One who accepts the doctrines of Thomas Hobbes.

HOBBLE Hob"ble, n. i. [imp. & p. p. Hobbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Hobbling.] Etym: [OE. hobelen, hoblen, freq. of hoppen to hop; akin to D. hobbelen, hoblen, hoppeln. See Hop to jump, and cf. Hopple ]

1. To walk lame, bearing chiefly on one leg; to walk with a hitch or hop, or with crutches. The friar was hobbling the same way too. Dryden.

2. To move roughly or irregularly; -- said of style in writing. Prior. The hobbling versification, the mean diction. Jeffreys.

HOBBLE Hob"ble, v. t.

1. To fetter by tying the legs; to hopple; to clog. " They hobbled their horses." Dickens

2. To perplex; to embarrass.

HOBBLE Hob"ble, n.

1. An unequal gait; a limp; a halt; as, he has a hobble in his gait. Swift.

2. Same as Hopple.

3. Difficulty; perplexity; embarrassment. Waterton.

HOBBLEBUSH Hob"ble*bush`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A low bush (Viburnum lantanoides) having long, straggling branches and handsome flowers. It is found in the Northern United States. Called also shinhopple.

HOBBLEDEHOY; HOBBLETEHOY Hob"ble*de*hoy`, Hob"ble*te*hoy`, n. [Written also hobbetyhoy, hobbarddehoy, hobbedehoy, hobdehoy.] Etym: [ Cf. Prob. E. hobbledygee with a limping movement; also F. hobereau, a country squire, E. hobby, and OF. hoi to-day; perh. the orig. sense was, an upstart of to-day.]

Defn: A youth between boy and man; an awkward, gawky young fellow . [Colloq.] All the men, boys, and hobbledehoys attached to the farm. Dickens. .

HOBBLER Hob"bler, n.

Defn: One who hobbles.

HOBBLER Hob"bler, n. Etym: [OE. also hobeler, OF. hobelier, LL. hobellarius. See Hobby a horse.] (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: One who by his tenure was to maintain a horse for military service; a kind of light horseman in the Middle Ages who was mounted on a hobby. Hallam. Sir J. Davies.

HOBBLE SKIRT Hob"ble skirt.

Defn: A woman's skirt so scant at the bottom as to restrain freedom of movement after the fashion of a hobble. -- Hob"ble-skirt`ed, a.

HOBBLINGLY Hob"bling*ly, adv.

Defn: With a limping step.

HOBBLY Hob"bly, a.

Defn: Rough; uneven; causing one to hobble; as a hobbly road.

HOBBY Hob"by, n.; pl. Hobbies. Etym: [OE. hobi; cf. OF. hobe, hobé, F. hobereau a hobby, a species of falcon. OF. hober to move, stir. Cf. Hobby a horse.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small, strong-winged European falcon (Falco subbuteo), formerly trained for hawking.

HOBBY; HOBBYHORSE Hob"by, Hob"by*horse`, n. Etym: [OE. hobin a nag, OF. hobin hobby; cf. hober to stir, move; prob. of German or Scand. origin; cf. Dan. hoppe a mare, dial. Sw. hoppa; perh. akin to E. hop to jump.]

1. A strong, active horse, of a middle size, said to have been originally from Ireland; an ambling nag. Johnson.

2. A stick, often with the head or figure of a horse, on which boys make believe to ride. [ Usually under the form hobbyhorse.]

3. A subject or plan upon which one is constantly setting off; a favorite and ever-recurring theme of discourse, thought, or effort; that which occupies one's attention unduly, or to the weariness of others; a ruling passion. [Usually under the form hobby.] Not one of them has any hobbyhorse, to use the phrase of Sterne. Macaulay.

HOBBYHORSICAL Hob`by*hors"ic*al, n.

Defn: Pertaining to, or having, a hobby or whim; eccentric; whimsical.[Colloq.] Sterne.

HOBGOBLIN Hob"gob`lin, n. Etym: [See 2d Hob, and Goblin.]

Defn: A frightful goblin; an imp; a bugaboo; also, a name formerly given to the household spirit, Robin Goodfellow. Macaulay.

HOBILER Hob"i*ler, n.Etym: [See 2d Hobbler.]

Defn: A light horseman. See 2d Hobbler. [Obs.] Brande & C.

HOBIT Ho"bit, n. Etym: [See Howitzer.] (Mil.)

Defn: A small mortar on a gun carriage, in use before the howitzer.

HOBNAIL Hob"nail`, n. Etym: [1st hob + nail.]

1. A short, sharp-pointed, large-headed nail, -- used in shoeing houses and for studding the soles of heavy shoes.

2. A clownish person; a rustic. Milton. Hobnail liver (Med.), a disease in which the liver is shrunken, hard, and covered with projections like hobnails; one of the forms of cirrhosis of the liver.

HOBNAIL Hob"nail`, v. t.

Defn: To tread down roughly, as with hobnailed shoes. Your rights and charters hobnailed into slush. Tennyson.

HOBNAILED Hob"nailed`, a.

Defn: See with hobnails, as a shoe.

HOBNOB Hob"nob`, adv. Etym: [AS. habban to have + habban to have not; ne not + habban to have. See Have, and cf. Habnab.]

1. Have or have not; -- a familiar invitation to reciprocal drinking. Shak.

2. At random; hit or miss. (Obs.) Holinshed.

HOBNOB Hob"nob`, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hornobbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hornobbing.]

1. To drink familiarly (with another). [ Written also hob-a-nob.]

2. To associate familiarly; to be on intimate terms.

HOBNOB Hob"nob`, n.

Defn: Familiar, social intercourse. W. Black.

HOBO Ho"bo, n.; pl. Hobos or Hoboes (#). [Of uncertain origin.]

Defn: A professional tramp; one who spends his life traveling from place to place, esp. by stealing rides on trains, and begging for a living. [U. S.] -- Ho"bo*ism (#), n.

HOBORNOB Hob"or*nob`, adv.

Defn: See Hobnob.

HOBOY Ho"boy, n.

Defn: A hautboy or oboe. [Obs.]

HOBSON'S CHOICE Hob"son's choice".

Defn: A choice without an alternative; the thing offered or nothing.

Note: It is said to have had its origin in the name of one Hobson, at Cambridge, England, who let horses, and required every customer to take in his turn the horse which stood next the stable door.

HOCCO Hoc"co, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The crested curassow; -- called also royal pheasant. See Curassow.

HOCHEPOT Hoche"pot, n.

Defn: Hotchpot. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOCK Hock, n. Etym: [So called from Hochheim, in Germany.]

Defn: A Rhenish wine, of a light yellow color, either sparkling or still. The name is also given indiscriminately to all Rhenish wines.

HOCK; HOUGH Hock, Hough (, n. Etym: [ AS. h the heel; prob. akin to Icel. hasinn hock sinew, Dan. hasc, G. hechse, hächse, LG. hacke, D.hak; also to L. coxa hip (cf. Cuisses), Skr. kaksha armpit. sq. root12. Cf. Heel.]

1. (a) The joint in the hind limb of quadrupeds between the leg and shank, or tibia and tarsus, and corresponding to the ankle in man. (b) A piece cut by butchers, esp. in pork, from either the front or hind leg, just above the foot.

2. The popliteal space; the ham.

HOCK Hock, v. t.

Defn: To disable by cutting the tendons of the hock; to hamstring; to hough.

HOCKAMORE Hock"a*more, n. Etym: [See 1st Hock.]

Defn: A Rhenish wine. [Obs.] See Hock. Hudibras.

HOCKDAY Hock"day`, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. hocor mockery, scorn.]

Defn: A holiday commemorating the expulsion of the Danes, formerly observed on the second Tuesday after Easter; -- called also hocktide. [Eng.] [Written also hokeday.]

HOCKEY Hock"ey, n. Etym: [From Hook, n.]

1. A game in which two parties of players, armed with sticks curved or hooked at the end, attempt to drive any small object (as a ball or a bit of wood) toward opposite goals.

2. The stick used by the players. [Written also hookey and hawkey.]

HOCKHERB Hock"herb`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The mallow.

HOCKLE Hoc"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hockled(); p. pr. & vb. n. Hockling.] Etym: [From 2d Hock.]

1. To hamstring; to hock; to hough. Hanmer.

2. To mow, as stubble. Mason.

HOCUS Ho"cus, v. t. Etym: [See Hocus-pocus.]

1. To deceive or cheat. Halliwell.

2. To adulterate; to drug; as, liquor is said to be hocused for the purpose of stupefying the drinker. Dickens.

3. To stupefy with drugged liquor. Thackeray.

HOCUS Ho"cus, n.

1. One who cheats or deceives. South.

2. Drugged liquor.

HOCUSPOCUS; HOCUS-POCUS Ho"cus*po"cus, n. Etym: [Prob. invented by jugglers in imitation of Latin. Cf. Hoax, Hocus .]

1. A term used by jugglers in pretended incantations.

2. A juggler or trickster. Sir T. Herbert.

3. A juggler's trick; a cheat; nonsense. Hudibras.

HOCUSPOCUS; HOCUS-POCUS Ho"cus*po"cus, v. t.

Defn: To cheat. [Colloq.] L'Estrange.

HOD Hod, n. Etym: [Prov. E. for hold, i. e., that which holds. See Hold.]

1. A kind of wooden tray with a handle, borne on the shoulder, for carrying mortar, brick, etc.

2. A utensil for holding coal; a coal scuttle.

HODDENGRAY Hod"den*gray`, a. Etym: [Perh. akin to E. hoiden rustic, clownish.]

Defn: Applied to coarse cloth made of undyed wool, formerly worn by Scotch peasants. [Scot.]

HODDY Hod"dy, n. Etym: [Prob. for hooded.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dun crow, under Dun, a.

HODDYDODDY Hod"dy*dod`dy, n. Etym: [Prob. E. also hoddypeke, hoddypoule, hoddymandoddy.]

Defn: An awkward or foolish person. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

HODGEPODGE Hodge"podge`, n.

Defn: A mixed mass; a medley. See Hotchpot. Johnson.

HODGKIN'S DISEASE Hodg`kin's dis*ease". (Med.)

Defn: A morbid condition characterized by progressive anæmia and enlargement of the lymphatic glands; -- first described by Dr. Hodgkin, an English physician.

HODIERN; HODIERNAL Ho"di*ern, Ho`di*er"nal, a. Etym: [L. hodiernus, fr. hodie today.]

Defn: Of this day; belonging to the present day. [R.] Boyle. Quart. Rev.

HODMAN Hod"man, n.; pl. Hodmen(

Defn: A man who carries a hod; a mason's tender.

HODMANDOD Hod"man*dod, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Dodman. Bacon.

HODOGRAPH Hod"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr.graph.] (Math.)

Defn: A curve described by the moving extremity of a line the other end of which is fixed, this line being constantly parallel to the direction of motion of, and having its length constantly proportional to the velocity of, a point moving in any path; -used in investigations respecting central forces.

HODOMETER Ho*dom"e*ter, n.

Defn: See Odometer.

HOE Hoe, n. Etym: [OF. hoe, F. houe; of German origin, cf. OHG. houwa, howa, G. haue, fr. OHG. houwan to hew. See Hew to cut.]

1. A tool chiefly for digging up weeds, and arranging the earth about plants in fields and gardens. It is made of a flat blade of iron or steel having an eye or tang by which it is attached to a wooden handle at an acute angle.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The horned or piked dogfish. See Dogfish. Dutch hoe, one having the blade set for use in the manner of a spade. -- Horse hoe, a kind of cultivator.

HOE Hoe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hoed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hoeing.] Etym: [Cf. F. houer.]

Defn: To cut, dig, scrape, turn, arrange, or clean, with a hoe; as, to hoe the earth in a garden; also, to clear from weeds, or to loosen or arrange the earth about, with a hoe; as, to hoe corn. To hoe one's row, to do one's share of a job. [Colloq.]

HOE Hoe, v. i.

Defn: To use a hoe; to labor with a hoe.

HOECAKE Hoe"cake`, n.

Defn: A cake of Indian meal, water, and salt, baked before the fire or in the ashes; -- so called because often cooked on a hoe. [Southern U.S.]

HOEMOTHER Hoe"moth`er, n. Etym: [A local Orkney name; cf. Icel.har.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The basking or liver shark; -- called also homer. See Liver shark, under Liver.

HOFUL Ho"ful, a. Etym: [AS.hogful, hohful, fr. hogu care, anxiety.]

Defn: Careful; wary. [Obs.] Stapleton.

HOG Hog, n. Etym: [Prob. akin to E. hack to cut, and meaning orig., a castrated boar; cf. also W. hwch swine, sow, Armor. houc'h, hoc'h. Cf. Haggis, Hogget, and Hoggerel.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A quadruped of the genus Sus, and allied genera of Suidæ; esp., the domesticated varieties of S. scrofa, kept for their fat and meat, called, respectively, lard and pork; swine; porker; specifically, a castrated boar; a barrow.

Note: The domestic hogs of Siam, China, and parts of Southern Europe, are thought to have been derived from Sus Indicus.

2. A mean, filthy, or gluttonous fellow. [Low.]

3. A young sheep that has not been shorn. [Eng.]

4. (Naut.)

Defn: A rough, flat scrubbing broom for scrubbing a ship's bottom under water. Totten.

5. (Paper Manuf.) A device for mixing and stirring the pulp of which paper is made. Bush hog, Ground hog, etc. See under Bush, Ground, etc. -- Hog caterpillar (Zoöl.), the larva of the green grapevine sphinx; -- so called because the head and first three segments are much smaller than those behind them, so as to make a resemblance to a hog's snout. See Hawk moth. -- Hog cholera, an epidemic contagious fever of swine, attended by liquid, fetid, diarrhea, and by the appearance on the skin and mucous membrane of spots and patches of a scarlet, purple, or black color. It is fatal in from one to six days, or ends in a slow, uncertain recovery. Law (Farmer's Veter. Adviser. )-- Hog deer (Zoöl.), the axis deer. -- Hog gum (Bot.), West Indian tree (Symphonia globulifera), yielding an aromatic gum. -- Hog of wool, the trade name for the fleece or wool of sheep of the second year. -- Hog peanut (Bot.), a kind of earth pea. -- Hog plum (Bot.), a tropical tree, of the genus Spondias (S. lutea), with fruit somewhat resembling plums, but chiefly eaten by hogs. It is found in the West Indies. -- Hog's bean (Bot.), the plant henbane. -- Hog's bread.(Bot.) See Sow bread. -- Hog's fennel. (Bot.) See under Fennel. -- Mexican hog (Zoöl.), the peccary. -- Water hog. (Zoöl.) See Capybara.

HOG Hog, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hogged; p. pr. & vb. n. Hogging.]

1. To cut short like bristles; as, to hog the mane of a horse. Smart.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: To scrub with a hog, or scrubbing broom.

HOG Hog, v. i. (Naut.)

Defn: To become bent upward in the middle, like a hog's back; -- said of a ship broken or strained so as to have this form.

HOGBACK Hog"back`, n.

1. (Arch.)

Defn: An upward curve or very obtuse angle in the upper surface of any member, as of a timber laid horizontally; -- the opposite of camber.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: See Hogframe.

3. (Geol.)

Defn: A ridge formed by tilted strata; hence, any ridge with a sharp summit, and steeply sloping sides.

HOGCHAIN Hog"chain`, n.

Defn: A chain or tie rod, in a boat or barge, to prevent the vessel from hogging.

HOGCHOKER Hog"chok`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An American sole (Achirus lineatus, or A. achirus), related to the European sole, but of no market value.

HOGCOTE Hog"cote`, n.

Defn: A shed for swine; a sty.

HOGFISH Hog"fish`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) A large West Indian and Florida food fish (Lachnolæmus). (b) The pigfish or sailor's choice. (c) An American fresh-water fish; the log perch. (d) A large, red, spiny-headed, European marine fish (Scorpæna scrofa).

HOGFRAME Hog"frame`, n. (Steam Vessels)

Defn: A trussed frame extending fore and aft, usually above deck, and intended to increase the longitudinal strength and stiffness. Used chiefly in American river and lake steamers. Called also hogging frame, and hogback.

HOGGED Hogged, a. (Naut.)

Defn: Broken or strained so as to have an upward curve between the ends. See Hog, v. i.

HOGGER Hog"ger, n.

Defn: A stocking without a foot, worn by coal miners at work.

HOGGEREL Hog"ger*el, n. Etym: [From the same source as hog; prob. orig., a sheep clipped the first year. See Hog.]

Defn: A sheep of the second year. [Written also hogrel.] Ash.

HOGGER-PIPE; HOGGERPIPE Hog"ger*-pipe`, n. (Mining)

Defn: The upper terminal pipe of a mining pump. Raymond.

HOGGER-PUMP Hog"ger-pump", n. (Mining)

Defn: The for pump in the pit. Raymond.

HOGGERY Hog"ger*y, n.

Defn: Hoggish character or manners; selfishness; greed; beastliness. Crime and shame And all their hoggery. Mrs. Browning.

HOGGET Hog"get, n. Etym: [See Hog, and Hoggerel.]

1. A young boar of the second year.

2. A sheep or colt alter it has passed its first year.

HOGGING Hog"ging, n. (Naut.)

Defn: Drooping at the ends; arching;-in distinction from sagging. Hogging frame. See Hogframe.

HOGGISH Hog"gish, a.

Defn: Swinish; gluttonous; filthy; selfish. -- Hog"gish*ly, adv. -- Hog"gish*ness, n. Is not a hoggish life the height of some men's wishes Shaftesbury.

HOGH Hogh (ho), n. Etym: [Icel. haugr hill, mound; akin to E. high. See High.]

Defn: A hill; a cliff. [Obs.] Spenser.

HOGHERD Hog"herd, n.

Defn: A swineherd. W. Browne.

HOGMANAY Hog`ma*nay" (, n.

Defn: The old name, in Scotland, for the last day of the year, on which children go about singing, and receive a dole of bread or cakes; also, the entertainment given on that day to a visitor, or the gift given to an applicant. [Scot.]

HOGNOSESNAKE Hog"nose`snake". (Zoöl.)

Defn: A harmless North American snake of the genus Heterodon, esp. H. platyrhynos; -- called also puffing adder, blowing adder, and sand viper.

HOGNUT Hog"nut`, n. (Bot.) (a) The pignut. See Hickory. (b) In England, the Bunium flexuosum, a tuberous plant.

HOGO Ho"go, n. Etym: [Corrupted from F. haut goût.]

Defn: High flavor; strong scent. [Obs.] Halliwell.

HOGPEN Hog"pen`, n.

Defn: A pen or sty for hogs.

HOGREEVE Hog"reeve`, n. Etym: [See Reeve.]

Defn: A civil officer charged with the duty of impounding hogs running at large. [New Eng.] Bartlett.

HOGRINGER Hog"ring`er, n.

Defn: One who puts rings into the snouts of hogs.

HOG'S-BACK Hog's"-back`, n. (Geol.)

Defn: A hogback.

HOGSCORE Hog"score`, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Curling)

Defn: A distance lime brawn across the rink or course between the middle line and the tee. [Scot.]

HOGSHEAD Hogs"head, n. Etym: [D. okshoofd; akin to Sw. oxhufvud, Dan. oxehoved, G. oxhoft; apparently meaning orig., ox head, but it is not known why this name was given. Cf. Ox, Head.]

1. An English measure of capacity, containing 63 wine gallons, or about 52

Note: The London hogshead of beer was 54 beer gallons, the London hogshead of ale was 48 ale gallons. Elsewhere in England the ale and beer hogsheads held 51 gallons. These measures are no longer in use, except for cider.

2. A large cask or barrel, of indefinite contents; esp. one containing from 100 to 140 gallons. [U. S.]

HOGSKIN Hog"skin`, n.

Defn: Leather tanned from a hog's skin. Also used adjectively.

HOGSTY Hog"sty`, n.; pl. Hogsties (.

Defn: A pen, house, or inclosure, for hogs.

HOGWASH Hog"wash`, n.

Defn: Swill. Arbuthnot.

HOGWEED Hog"weed`, n. (Bot.) (a) A common weed (Ambrosia artemisiæge). See Ambrosia, 3. (b) In England, the Heracleum Sphondylium.

HOIDEN Hoi"den, n. Etym: [OE. hoydon a lout, rustic, OD. heyden a heathen, gypsy, vagabond, D. heiden, fr. OD. heyde heath, D. heide. See Heathen, Heath.] [Written also hoyden.]

1. A rude, clownish youth. [Obs.] Milton.

2. A rude, bold girl; a romp. H. Kingsley.

HOIDEN Hoi"den, a.

Defn: Rustic; rude; bold. Younq.

HOIDEN Hoi"den, v. i.

Defn: To romp rudely or indecently. Swift.

HOIDENHOOD Hoi"den*hood, n.

Defn: State of being a hoiden.

HOIDENISH Hoi"den*ish, a.

Defn: Like, or appropriate to, a hoiden.

HOISE Hoise, v. t. Etym: [See Hoist.]

Defn: To hoist. [Obs.] They . . . hoised up the mainsail to the wind. Acts xxvii. 40.

HOIST Hoist, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hoisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Hoisting.] Etym: [OE. hoise, hyse, OD. hyssen, D. hijshen; akin to LG. hissen, Dan. hisse, Sw. hissa.]

Defn: To raise; to lift; to elevate; esp., to raise or lift to a desired elevation, by means of tackle, as a sail, a flag, a heavy package or weight. They land my goods, and hoist my flying sails. Pope. Hoisting him into his father's throne. South. Hoisting engine, a steam engine for operating a hoist.

HOIST Hoist, n.

1. That by which anything is hoisted; the apparatus for lifting goods.

2. The act of hoisting; a lift. [Collog.]

3. (fly, or horizontal length when flying from a staff. (b) The height of a fore-and-aft sail next the mast or stay. Totten. Hoist bridge, a drawbridge that is lifted instead of being swung or drawn aside.

HOIST Hoist, p. p.

Defn: Hoisted. [Obs.] 'Tis the sport to have the enginer Hoist with his own petar. Shak.

HOISTAWAY Hoist"a*way`, n.

Defn: A mechanical lift. See Elevator.

HOISTWAY Hoist"way`, n.

Defn: An opening for the hoist, or

HOIT Hoit, v. i. Etym: [Gf. W. hoetian to dally, dandle.]

Defn: To leap; to caper; to romp noisily. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

HOITY-TOITY Hoi"ty-toi`ty, a. Etym: [From Hoit.]

Defn: Thoughtless; giddy; flighty; also, haughty; patronizing; as, to be in hoity-toity spirits, or to assume hoity-toity airs; used also as an exclamation, denoting surprise or disapprobation, with some degree of contempt. Hoity-toity! What have I to do with dreams Congreve.

HOKEDAY Hoke"day`, n.

Defn: Same as Hockday.

HOKER Ho"ker, n. Etym: [AS. h.]

Defn: Scorn; derision; abusive talk. [Obs.] -- Ho"ker*ly, adv. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOL Hol, a. Etym: [See Whole.]

Defn: Whole. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOLARCTIC Hol"arc*tic, a. [Holo- + arctic.]

Defn: Of or pert. to the arctic regions collectively; specif. (Zoögeography),

Defn: designating a realm or region including the northern parts of the Old and the New World. It comprises the Palearctic and Nearctic regions or subregions.

HOLASPIDEAN Hol`as*pid"e*an, a. Etym: [Holo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a single series of large scutes on the posterior side of the tarsus; -- said of certain birds.

HOLCAD Hol"cad, n. Etym: [Gr. 'olka`s, -a`dos, a ship which is towed, a ship of burden, fr. 'e`lkein to draw. Gf. Hulk.]

Defn: A large ship of burden, in ancient Greece. Mitford.

HOLD Hold, n. Etym: [D. hol hole, hollow. See Hole.] (Naut.)

Defn: The whole interior portion of a vessel below the lower deck, in which the cargo is stowed.

HOLD Hold, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Held; p. pr. & vb. n. Holding. Holden (, p. p., is obs. in elegant writing, though still used in legal language.] Etym: [OE. haldan, D. houden, OHG. hoten, Icel. halda, Dan. holde, Sw. hålla, Goth. haldan to feed, tend (the cattle); of unknown origin. Gf. Avast, Halt, Hod.]

1. To cause to remain in a given situation, position, or relation, within certain limits, or the like; to prevent from falling or escaping; to sustain; to restrain; to keep in the grasp; to retain. The loops held one curtain to another. Ex. xxxvi. 12. Thy right hand shall hold me. Ps. cxxxix. 10. They all hold swords, being expert in war. Cant. iii. In vain he seeks, that having can not hold. Spenser. France, thou mayst hold a serpent by the tongue, . . . A fasting tiger safer by the tooth, Than keep in peace that hand which thou dost hold. Shak.

2. To retain in one's keeping; to maintain possession of, or authority over; not to give up or relinquish; to keep; to defend. We mean to hold what anciently we claim Of deity or empire. Milton.

3. To have; to possess; to be in possession of; to occupy; to derive title to; as, to hold office. This noble merchant held a noble house. Chaucer. Of him to hold his seigniory for a yearly tribute. Knolles. And now the strand, and now the plain, they held. Dryden.

4. To impose restraint upon; to limit in motion or action; to bind legally or morally; to confine; to restrain. We can not hold mortality's strong hand. Shak. Death! what do'st O,hold thy blow. Grashaw. He hat not sufficient judgment and self-command to hold his tongue. Macaulay.

5. To maintain in being or action; to carry on; to prosecute, as a course of conduct or an argument; to continue; to sustain. Hold not thy peace, and be not still. Ps. lxxxiii. 1. Seedtime and harvest, heat and hoary frost, Shall hold their course. Milton.

6. To prosecute, have, take, or join in, as something which is the result of united action; as to, hold a meeting, a festival, a session, etc.; hence, to direct and bring about officially; to conduct or preside at; as, the general held a council of war; a judge holds a court; a clergyman holds a service. I would hold more talk with thee. Shak.

7. To receive and retain; to contain as a vessel; as, this pail holds milk; hence, to be able to receive and retain; to have capacity or containing power for. Broken cisterns that can hold no water. Jer. ii. 13. One sees more devils than vast hell can hold. Shak.

8. To accept, as an opinion; to be the adherent of, openly or privately; to persist in, as a purpose; to maintain; to sustain. Stand fast and hold the traditions which ye have been taught. 2 Thes. ii.15. But still he held his purpose to depart. Dryden.

9. To consider; to regard; to esteem; to account; to think; to judge. I hold him but a fool. Shak. I shall never hold that man my friend. Shak. The Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. Ex. xx. 7.

10. To bear, carry, or manage; as he holds himself erect; he holds his head high. Let him hold his fingers thus. Shak. To hold a wager, to lay or hazard a wager. Swift. -- To hold forth, to offer; to exhibit; to propose; to put forward. "The propositions which books hold forth and pretend to teach." Locke. -- To held in, to restrain; to curd. -- To hold in hand, to toy with; to keep in expectation; to have in one's power. [Obs.] O, fie! to receive favors, return falsehoods, And hold a lady in hand. Beaw. & Fl. --To hold in play, to keep under control; to dally with. Macaulay. -- To hold off, to keep at a distance. -- To hold on, to hold in being, continuance or position; as, to hold a rider on. -- To hold one's day, to keep one's appointment. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- To hold one's own. (a) To keep good one's present condition absolutely or relatively; not to fall off, or to lose ground; as, a ship holds her own when she does not lose ground in a race or chase; a man holds his own when he does not lose strength or weight. -- To hold one's peace, to keep silence.- To hold out. (a) To extend; to offer. "Fortune holds out these to you as rewards." B. Jonson. (b) To continue to do or to suffer; to endure. "He can not long hold out these pangs." Shak. -- To hold up. (a) To raise; to lift; as, hold up your head. (b) To support; to sustain. "He holds himself up in virtue."Sir P. Sidney. (c) To exhibit; to display; as, he was held up as an example. (d) To rein in; to check; to halt; as, hold up your horses. -- To hold water. (a) Literally, to retain water without leaking; hence (Fig.), to be whole, sound, consistent, without gaps or holes; -- commonly used in a negative sense; as, his statements will not hold water. [Collog.] (b) (Naut.) To hold the oars steady in the water, thus checking the headway of a boat.

HOLD Hold, n. i.

Defn: In general, to keep one's self in a given position or condition; to remain fixed. Hence:

1. Not to more; to halt; to stop;-mostly in the imperative. And damned be him that first cries, "Hold, enough!" Shak.

2. Not to give way; not to part or become separated; to remain unbroken or unsubdued. Our force by land hath nobly held. Shak.

3. Not to fail or be found wanting; to continue; to last; to endure a test or trial; to abide; to persist. While our obedience holds. Milton. The rule holds in land as all other commodities. Locke.

4. Not to fall away, desert, or prove recreant; to remain attached; to cleave;-often with with, to, or for. He will hold to the one and despise the other. Matt. vi. 24

5. To restrain one's self; to refrain. His dauntless heart would fain have held From weeping, but his eyes rebelled. Dryden.

6. To derive right or title; -- generally with of. My crown is absolute, and holds of none. Dryden. His imagination holds immediately from nature. Hazlitt. Hold on! Hold up! wait; stop; forbear. [Collog] -- To hold forth, to speak in public; to harangue; to preach. L'Estrange. -- To hold in, to restrain one's self; as, he wanted to laugh and could hardly hold in. -- To hold off, to keep at a distance. -- To hold on, to keep fast hold; to continue; to go on. "The trade held on for many years," Swift. -- To hold out, to last; to endure; to continue; to maintain one's self; not to yield or give way. -- To hold over, to remain in office, possession, etc., beyond a certain date. -- To hold to or with, to take sides with, as a person or opinion. -- To hold together, to be joined; not to separate; to remain in union. Dryden. Locke. -- To hold up. (a) To support one's self; to remain unbent or unbroken; as, to hold up under misfortunes. (b) To cease raining; to cease to stop; as, it holds up. Hudibras. (c) To keep up; not to fall behind; not to lose ground. Collier.

HOLD Hold, n.

1. The act of holding, as in or with the hands or arms; the manner of holding, whether firm or loose; seizure; grasp; clasp; gripe; possession; -- often used with the verbs take and lay. Ne have I not twelve pence within mine hold. Chaucer. Thou should'st lay hold upon him. B. Jonson. My soul took hold on thee. Addison. Take fast hold of instruction. Pror. iv. 13.

2. The authority or ground to take or keep; claim. The law hath yet another hold on you. Shak.

3. Binding power and influence. Fear . . . by which God and his laws take the surest hold of. Tillotson.

4. Something that may be grasped; means of support. If a man be upon an high place without rails or good hold, he is ready to fall. Bacon.

5. A place of confinement; a prison; confinement; custody; guard. They . . . put them in hold unto the next day. Acts. iv. 3. King Richard, he is in the mighty hold Of Bolingbroke. Shak.

6. A place of security; a fortified place; a fort; a castle; -- often called a stronghold. Chaucer. New comers in an ancient hold Tennyson.

7. (Mus.)

Defn: A character [thus pause, and corona.

HOLDBACK Hold"back`, n.

1. Check; hindrance; restraint; obstacle. The only holdback is the affection . . . that we bear to our wealth. Hammond.

2. The projection or loop on the thill of a vehicle. to which a strap of the harness is attached, to hold back a carriage when going down hill, or in backing; also, the strap or part of the harness so used.

HOLDER Hold"er, ( n.

Defn: One who is employed in the hold of a vessel.

HOLDER Hold"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, holds.

2. One who holds land, etc., under another; a tenant.

3. (Com.)

Defn: The payee of a bill of exchange or a promissory note, or the one who owns or holds it.

Note: Holder is much used as the second part of a compound; as, shareholder, officeholder, stockholder,etc.

HOLDER-FORTH Hold"er-forth`, n.

Defn: One who speaks in public; an haranguer; a preacher. Addison.

HOLDFAST Hold"fast`, n.

1. Something used to secure and hold in place something else, as a long fiat-headed nail, a catch a hook, a clinch, a clamp, etc.; hence, a support. "His holdfast was gone." Bp. Montagu.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A conical or branching body, by which a seaweed is attached to its support, and differing from a root in that it is not specially absorbent of moisture.

HOLDING Hold"ing, n.

1. The act or state of sustaining, grasping, or retaining.

2. A tenure; a farm or other estate held of another.

3. That which holds, binds, or influences. Burke.

4. The burden or chorus of a song. [Obs.] Shak. Holding note (Mus.), a note sustained in one part, while the other parts move.

HOLE Hole, a.

Defn: Whole. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOLE Hole, n. Etym: [OE. hol, hole, AS. hol, hole, cavern, from hol, a., hollow; akin to D. hol, OHG. hol, G. hohl, Dan.huul hollow, hul hole, Sw. hål, Icel. hola; prob. from the root of AS. helan to conceal. See Hele, Hell, and cf. Hold of a ship.]

1. A hollow place or cavity; an excavation; a pit; an opening in or through a solid body, a fabric, etc.; a perforation; a rent; a fissure. The holes where eyes should be. Shak. The blind walls Were full of chinks and holes. Tennyson. The priest took a chest, and bored a hole in the lid. 2 Kings xii. 9.

2. An excavation in the ground, made by an animal to live in, or a natural cavity inhabited by an animal; hence, a low, narrow, or dark lodging or place; a mean habitation. Dryden. The foxes have holes, . . . but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head. Luke ix. 58.

Syn. -- Hollow; concavity; aperture; rent; fissure; crevice; orifice; interstice; perforation; excavation; pit; cave; den; cell. Hole and corner, clandestine, underhand. [Colloq.] "The wretched trickery of hole and corner buffery. " Dickens. -- Hole board (Fancy Weaving), a board having holes through which cords pass which lift certain warp threads; -- called also compass board.

HOLE Hole, v. t. Etym: [AS. holian. See Hole, n.]

1. To cut, dig, or bore a hole or holes in; as, to hole a post for the insertion of rails or bars. Chapman.

2. To drive into a hole, as an animal, or a billiard ball.

HOLE Hole, v. i.

Defn: To go or get into a hole. B. Jonson.

HOLE IN THE AIR Hole in the air. (Aëronautics)

Defn: = Air hole, above.

HOLETHNIC Hol*eth"nic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a holethnos or parent race. The holethnic history of the Arians. London Academy.

HOLETHNOS Hol*eth"nos, n. Etym: [Holo + Gr.

Defn: A parent stock or race of people, not yet divided into separate branches or tribes.

HOLIBUT Hol"i*but, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Halibut.

HOLIDAM Hol"i*dam, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Halidom.

HOLIDAY Hol"i*day, n. Etym: [Holy + day.]

1. A consecrated day; religious anniversary; a day set apart in honor of some person, or in commemoration of some event. See Holyday.

2. A day of exemption from labor; a day of amusement and gayety; a festival day. And young and old come forth to play On a sunshine holiday. Milton.

3. (Law)

Defn: A day fixed by law for suspension of business; a legal holiday.

Note: In the United States legal holidays, so called, are determined by law, commonly by the statutes of the several States. The holidays most generally observed are: the 22d day of February (Washington's birthday), the 30th day of May (Memorial day), the 4th day of July (Independence day), the 25th day of December (Christmas day). In most of the States the 1st day of January is a holiday. When any of these days falls on Sunday, usually the Monday following is observed as the holiday. In many of the States a day in the spring (as Good Friday, or the first Thursday in April), and a day in the fall (as the last Thursday in November) are now regularly appointed by Executive proclamation to be observed, the former as a day of fasting and prayer, the latter as a day of thanksgiving and are kept as holidays. In England, the days of the greater church feasts (designated in the calendar by a red letter, and commonly called red-letter days) are observed as general holidays. Bank holidays are those on which, by act of Parliament, banks may suspend business. Although Sunday is a holiday in the sense of a day when business is legally suspended, it is not usually included in the general term, the phrase "Sundays and holidays" being more common. The holidays, any fixed or usual period for relaxation or festivity; especially, Christmas and New Year's day with the intervening time.

HOLIDAY Hol`i*day, a.

1. Of or pertaining to a festival; cheerful; joyous; gay. Shak.

2. Occurring rarely; adapted for a special occasion. Courage is but a holiday kind of virtue, to be seldom exercised. Dryden.

HOLILY Ho"li*ly, adv. Etym: [From Holy.]

1. Piously; with sanctity; in a holy manner.

2. Sacredly; inviolably. [R.] Shak.

HOLINESS Ho"li*ness, n. Etym: [AS. halignes.]

1. The state or quality of being holy; perfect moral integrity or purity; freedom from sin; sanctity; innocence. Who is like thee, glorious in holiness! Ex. xv. 11.

2. The state of being hallowed, or consecrated to God or to his worship; sacredness. Israel was holiness unto the Lord. Jer.ii.3. His holiness, a title of the pope; -- formerly given also to Greek bishops and Greek emperors.

Syn. -- Piety; devotion; godliness; sanctity; sacredness; righteousness.

HOLING Hol"ing, n. Etym: [See Hole a hollow.] (Mining)

Defn: Undercutting in a bed of coal, in order to bring down the upper mass. Raymond.

HOLLA Hol"la, interj. Etym: [F. hola; ho ho + là there, fr. L. illac that way, there. Cf. Hollo.]

Defn: Hollo.

HOLLA Hol"la, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Hollaed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hollaing.]

Defn: See Hollo, v. i.

HOLLAND Hol"land, n.

Defn: A kind of linen first manufactured in Holland; a linen fabric used for window shades, children's garments, etc.; as, brown or unbleached hollands.

HOLLANDAISE SAUCE; HOLLANDAISE Hol`lan*daise" sauce, or Hol`lan*daise", n. [F. hollandaise, fem. of hollandais Dutch.] (Cookery)

Defn: A sauce consisting essentially of a seasoned emulsion of butter and yolk of eggs with a little lemon juice or vinegar.

HOLLANDER Hol"land*er, n.

1. A native or one of the people of Holland; a Dutchman.

2. A very hard, semi-glazed, green or dark brown brick, which will not absorb water; -- called also, Dutch clinker. Wagner.

HOLLANDISH Hol"land*ish, a.

Defn: Relating to Holland; Dutch.

HOLLANDS Hol"lands, n.

1. Gin made in Holland.

2. pl.

Defn: See Holland.

HOLLO Hol*lo", interj. & n. Etym: [See Halloo, and cf. Holla.]

Defn: Ho there; stop; attend; hence, a loud cry or a call to attract attention; a halloo. And every day, for food or play, Came to the mariner's hollo. Coleridge.

HOLLO Hol"lo, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Holloed; p. pr. & vb. n. Holloing.] Etym: [See Hollo, intery., and cf. Halloo.]

Defn: To call out or exclaim; to halloo.

HOLLOA Hol*loa", interj., n. & v. i.

Defn: Same as Hollo.

HOLLOW Hol"low, a. Etym: [OE. holow, holgh, holf, AS. holh a hollow, hole. Cf. Hole.]

1. Having an empty space or cavity, natural or artificial, within a solid substance; not solid; excavated in the interior; as, a hollow tree; a hollow sphere. Hollow with boards shalt thou make it. Ex. xxvii. 8..

2. Depressed; concave; gaunt; sunken. With hollow eye and wrinkled brow. Shak.

3. Reverberated from a cavity, or resembling such a sound; deep; muffled; as, a hollow roar. Dryden.

4. Not sincere or faithful; false; deceitful; not sound; as, a hollow heart; a hollow friend. Milton. Hollow newel (Arch.), an opening in the center of a winding staircase in place of a newel post, the stairs being supported by the wall; an open newel; also, the stringpiece or rail winding around the well of such a staircase. -- Hollow quoin (Engin.), a pier of stone or brick made behind the lock gates of a canal, and containing a hollow or recess to receive the ends of the gates. -- Hollow root. (Bot.) See Moschatel. -- Hollow square. See Square. -- Hollow ware, hollow vessels; -- a trade name for cast-iron kitchen utensils, earthenware, etc.

Syn.- Concave; sunken; low; vacant; empty; void; false; faithless; deceitful; treacherous.

HOLLOW Hol"low, n.

1. A cavity, natural or artificial; an unfilled space within anything; a hole, a cavern; an excavation; as the hollow of the hand or of a tree.

2. A low spot surrounded by elevations; a depressed part of a surface; a concavity; a channel. Forests grew Upon the barren hollows. Prior. I hate the dreadful hollow behind the little wood. Tennyson.

HOLLOW Hol"low, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Hollowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Hollowing.]

Defn: To make hollow, as by digging, cutting, or engraving; to excavate. "Trees rudely hollowed." Dryden.

HOLLOW Hol"low, adv.

Defn: Wholly; completely; utterly; -- chiefly after the verb to beat, and often with all; as, this story beats the other all hollow. See All, adv. [Collog.] The more civilized so-called Caucasian races have beaten the Turks hollow in the struggle for existence. Darwin.

HOLLOW Hol*low", interj. Etym: [See Hollo.]

Defn: Hollo.

HOLLOW Hol"low, v. i.

Defn: To shout; to hollo. Whisperings and hollowings are alike to a deaf ear. Fuller.

HOLLOW Hol"low, v. t.

Defn: To urge or call by shouting. He has hollowed the hounds. Sir W. Scott.

HOLLOW-HEARTED Hol"low-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Insincere; deceitful; not sound and true; having a cavity or decayed spot within.

Syn. -- Faithless; dishonest; false; treacherous.

HOLLOW-HORNED Hol"low-horned`, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having permanent horns with a bony core, as cattle.

HOLLOWLY Hol"low*ly, adv.

Defn: Insincerely; deceitfully. Shak.

HOLLOWNESS Hol"low*ness, n.

1. State of being hollow. Bacon.

2. Insincerity; unsoundness; treachery. South.

HOLLUSCHICKIE Hol"lus*chick`ie, n. sing. & pl. [Prob. of Russ. goluishka bare of possessions, offspring, etc., fr. goluii naked.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young male fur seal, esp. one from three to six years old; -- called also bachelor, because prevented from breeding by the older full-grown males.

The holluschickie are the seals that may legally be killed for their skins.

But he'll lie down on the killing grounds where the holluschickie go. Kipling.

HOLLY Hol"ly, adv.

Defn: Wholly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOLLY Hol"ly, n. Etym: [OE holi, holin, AS. holen, holegn; akin to D. & G. hulst, OHG. huls hulis, W. celyn, Armor. kelen, Gael. cuilionn, Ir. cuileann. Cf. 1st Holm, Hulver.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A tree or shrub of the genus Ilex. The European species (Ilex Aguifolium) is best known, having glossy green leaves, with a spiny, waved edge, and bearing berries that turn red or yellow about Michaelmas.

Note: The holly is much used to adorn churches and houses, at Christmas time, and hence is associated with scenes of good will and rejoicing. It is an evergreen tree, and has a finegrained, heavy, white wood. Its bark is used as a febrifuge, and the berries are violently purgative and emetic. The American holly is the Ilex opaca, and is found along the coast of the United States, from Maine southward. Gray.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The holm oak. See 1st Holm. Holly-leaved oak (Bot.), the black scrub oak. See Scrub oak. -- Holly rose (Bot.), a West Indian shrub, with showy, yellow flowers (Turnera ulmifolia). -- Sea holly (Bot.), a species of Eryngium. See Eryngium.

HOLLYHOCK Hol"ly*hock, n. Etym: [OE. holihoc; holi holy + hoc mallow, AS. hoc; cf. W. hocys mallows, hocys bendigaid hollyhock, lit., blessed mallow. Prob. so named because brought from the Holy Land. See Holy.] (Bot.)

Defn: A species of Althæa (A. rosea), bearing flowers of various colors; -- called also rose mallow.

HOLM Holm, n. Etym: [OE., prob. from AS. holen holly; as the holly is also called holm. See Holly.] (Bot.)

Defn: A common evergreen oak, of Europe (Quercus Ilex); -- called also ilex, and holly.

HOLM Holm, n. Etym: [AS. holm, usually meaning, sea, water; akin to Icel. holmr, holmr, an island, Dan. holm, Sw. holme, G. holm, and prob. to E. hill. Cf. Hill.]

1. An islet in a river. J. Brand.

2. Low, flat land. Wordsworth. The soft wind blowing over meadowy holms. Tennyson. Holm thrush (Zoöl.), the missel thrush.

HOLMIA Hol"mi*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Chem.)

Defn: An oxide of holmium.

HOLMIUM Hol"mi*um, n. Etym: [NL., of uncertain origin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A rare element said to be contained in gadolinite. -- Hol"mic, a.

HOLMOS Hol"mos, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Greek & Etrus. Antiq.)

Defn: A name given to a vase having a rounded body; esp.: (a) A closed vessel of nearly spherical form on a high stem or pedestal. Fairholt. (b) A drinking cup having a foot and stem.

HOLO- Hol"o-.

Defn: A combining form fr. Gr. "o`los whole.

HOLOBLAST Hol"o*blast, n. Etym: [Holo + -blast.] (Biol.)

Defn: an ovum composed entirely of germinal matter. See Meroblast.

HOLOBLASTIC Hol`o*blas"tic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Undergoing complete segmentation; composed entirely of germinal matter, the whole of the yolk undergoing fission; -- opposed to meroblastic.

HOLOCAUST Hol"o*caust, n. Etym: [L. holocaustum, Gr. "o'los whole + kaysto`s burnt, fr. kai`ein to burn (cf. Caustic): cf. F. holocauste.]

1. A burnt sacrifice; an offering, the whole of which was consumed by fire, among the Jews and some pagan nations. Milton.

2. Sacrifice or loss of many lives, as by the burning of a theater or a ship.

Note: [An extended use not authorized by careful writers.]

HOLOCEPHALI Hol`o*ceph"a*li, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. "o`los whole + (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of elasmobranch fishes, including, among living species, only the chimæras; -- called also Holocephala. See Chimæra; also Illustration in Appendix.

HOLOCRYPTIC Hol`o*cryp"tic, a. Etym: [Holo-+ Gr. to conceal.]

Defn: Wholly or completely concealing; incapable of being deciphered. Holocryptic cipher, a cipher so constructed as to afford no clew to its meaning to one ignorant of the key.

HOLOCRYSTALLINE Hol`o*crys"tal*line, a. Etym: [Holo + crystalline.] (Min.)

Defn: Completely crystalline; -- said of a rock like granite, all the constituents of which are crystalline.

HOLOGRAPH Hol"o*graph, n. Etym: [L.holographus entirely autograph, Gr. "olo`grafos; "o`los whole + gra`fein to write: cf. F. holographe, olographe.]

Defn: A document, as a letter, deed, or will, wholly in the handwriting of the person from whom it proceeds and whose act it purports to be.

HOLOGRAPHIC Hol`o*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Of the nature of a holograph; pertaining to holographs.

HOLOHEDRAL Hol`o*he"dral, a. Etym: [Holo + Gr. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Having all the planes required by complete symmetry, -- in opposition to hemihedral.

HOLOHEMIHEDRAL Hol`o*hem`i*he"dral, a. Etym: [Holo- + hemihedral.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: Presenting hemihedral forms, in which all the sectants have halt the whole number of planes. Dana.

HOLOMETABOLA Hol`o*me*tab"o*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Holo-, and Metabola.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Those insects which have a complete metamorphosis; metabola.

HOLOMETABOLIC Hol`o*met`a*bol"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a complete metamorphosis;-said of certain insects, as the butterflies and bees.

HOLOMETER Ho*lom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Holo + -meter: cf. F. holometre.]

Defn: An instrument for making of angular measurements.

HOLOPHANEROUS Hol`o*phan"er*ous, a. Etym: [Holo + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Holometabolic.

HOLOPHOTAL Hol`o*pho"tal, a. Etym: [Holo + Gr. (Opt.)

Defn: Causing no loss of light; -- applied to reflectors which throw back the rays of light without perceptible loss.

HOLOPHOTE Hol"o*phote, n.

Defn: A lamp with lenses or reflectors to collect the rays of light and throw them in a given direction; -- used in lighthouses.

HOLOPHRASTIC Hol`o*phras"tic, a. Etym: [Holo + Gr. holophrastique.]

Defn: Expressing a phrase or sentence in a single word, -- as is the case in the aboriginal languages of America.

HOLOPHYTIC Hol`o*phyt"ic, a. Etym: [Holo + Gr.

Defn: Wholly or distinctively vegetable. Holophytic nutrition (, that form of nutrition, characteristic of vegetable organisms, in which carbonic acid, ammonia, and nitrates are absorbed as food, in distinction from the animal mode of nutrition, by the ingestion of albuminous matter.

HOLORHINAL Hol`o*rhi"nal, a. Etym: [Holo + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the nasal bones contiguous.

HOLOSIDERITE Hol`o*sid"er*ite, n. Etym: [Holo + siderite.] (Min.)

Defn: Meteoric iron; a meteorite consisting of metallic iron without stony matter.

HOLOSTEAN Ho*los"te*an, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the Holostei.

HOLOSTEI Ho*los"te*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "o`los whole + (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive division of ganoids, including the gar pike, bowfin, etc.; the bony ganoids. See Illustration in Appendix.

HOLOSTERIC Hol`o*ster"ic, a. Etym: [Holo + Gr.stereo`s solid.]

Defn: Wholly solid; -- said of a barometer constructed of solid materials to show the variations of atmospheric pressure without the use of liquids, as the aneroid.

HOLOSTOMATA Hol`o*stom"a*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. "o`los whole + sto`ma, - atos, mouth.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An artificial division of gastropods, including those that have an entire aperture.

HOLOSTOMATE Ho*los"to*mate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Holostomatous.

HOLOSTOMATOUS Hol`o*stom"a*tous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having an entire aperture; -- said of many univalve shells.

HOLOSTOME Hol"o*stome, n. Etym: [Holo + Gr. sto`ma mouth.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Holostomata.

HOLOSTRACA Ho*los"tra*ca, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of phyllopod Crustacea, including those that are entirely covered by a bivalve shell.

HOLOTHURE Hol"o*thure, n. Etym: [L. holothuria, pl., a sort of water polyp, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A holothurian.

HOLOTHURIAN Hol`o*thu"ri*an, a.

Defn: ( -- n.

Defn: One of the Holothurioidea.

Note: Some of the species of Holothurians are called sea cucumbers, sea slugs, trepang, and bêche de mèr. Many are used as food, esp. by the Chinese. See Trepang.

HOLOTHURIOIDEA Hol`o*thu`ri*oi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Holothure, and -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the classes of echinoderms.

Note: They have a more or less elongated body, often flattened beneath, and a circle of tentacles, which are usually much branched, surrounding the mouth; the skin is more or less flexible, and usually contains calcareous plates of various characteristic forms, sometimes becoming large and scalelike. Most of the species have five bands (ambulacra) of sucker-bearing feet along the sides; in others these are lacking. In one group (Pneumonophora) two branching internal gills are developed; in another (Apneumona) these are wanting. Called also Holothurida, Holothuridea, and Holothuroidea.

HOLOTRICHA Ho*lot"ri*cha, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of ciliated Infusoria, having cilia all over the body.

HOLOUR Hol"our, n. Etym: [OF.holier.]

Defn: A whoremonger. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOLP; HOLPEN Holp, Hol"pen,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Help. [Obs.] Shak.

HOLSOM Hol"som, a.

Defn: Wholesome. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOLSTEIN Hol"stein, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a breed of cattle, originally from Schleswig-Holstein, valued for the large amount of milk produced by the cows. The color is usually black and white in irregular patches.

HOLSTER Hol"ster, n. Etym: [D. holster; skin to AS. heolstor den, cave, fr.helan to conceal, and to Icel. hulstr case, Goth.hulistr covering, veil, huljan to cover. sq. root17. See Hele to cover, Hell, and cf. Housing, Houss.]

Defn: A leather case for a pistol, carried by a horseman at the bow of his saddle.

HOLSTERED Hol"stered, a.

Defn: Bearing holsters. Byron.

HOLT Holt,

Defn: 3d pers. sing. pres. of Hold, contr. from holdeth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOLT Holt, n. Etym: [AS. holt; akin to LG.holt, D.hout, G. holz. Icel. holt; cf Gael. & Ir.coill wood, Gr.

1. A piece of woodland; especially, a woody hill. "Every holt and heath." Chaucer. She sent her voice though all the holt Before her, and the park. Tennyson.

2. A deep hole in a river where there is protection for fish; also, a cover, a hole, or hiding place. " The fox has gone to holt." C. Kingsley.

HOLWE Hol"we, a.

Defn: Hollow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

HOLY Ho"ly, a. [Compar. Holier; superl. Holiest.] Etym: [OE. holi, hali, AS.halig, fr. hæl health, salvation, happiness, fr. hal whole, well; akin to OS. h, D. & G.heilig, OHG. heilac, Dan. hellig, Sw. helig, Icel. heilagr. See Whole, and cf. Halibut, Halidom, Hallow, Hollyhock.]

1. Set apart to the service or worship of God; hallowed; sacred; reserved from profane or common use; holy vessels; a holy priesthood. "Holy rites and solemn feasts." Milton.

2. Spiritually whole or sound; of unimpaired innocence and virtue; free from sinful affections; pure in heart; godly; pious; irreproachable; guiltless; acceptable to God. Now through her round of holy thought The Church our annual steps has brought. Keble. Holy Alliance (Hist.), a league ostensibly for conserving religion, justice, and peace in Europe, but really for repressing popular tendencies toward constitutional government, entered into by Alexander I. of Russia, Francis I. of Austria, and Frederic William III. of Prussia, at Paris, on the 26th of September, 1815, and subsequently joined by all the sovereigns of Europe, except the pope and the king of England. -- Holy bark. See Cascara sagrada. -- Holy Communion. See Eucharist. -- Holy family (Art), a picture in which the infant Christ, his parents, and others of his family are represented. -- Holy Father, a title of the pope. -- Holy Ghost (Theol.),the third person of the Trinity; the Comforter; the Paraclete. -- Holy Grail. See Grail. -- Holy grass (Bot.), a sweet-scented grass (Hierochloa borealis and H. alpina). In the north of Europe it was formerly strewed before church doors on saints' days; whence the name. It is common in the northern and western parts of the United States. Called also vanilla, or Seneca, grass. -- Holy Innocents' day, Childermas day. -- Holy Land, Palestine, the birthplace of Christianity. -- Holy office, the Inquisition. -- Holy of holies (Script.), the innermost apartment of the Jewish tabernacle or temple, where the ark was kept, and where no person entered, except the high priest once a year. -- Holy One. (a) The Supreme Being; -- so called by way of emphasis. " The Holy One of Israel." Is. xliii. 14. (b) One separated to the service of God. -- Holy orders. See Order. -- Holy rood, the cross or crucifix, particularly one placed, in churches. over the entrance to the chancel. -- Holy rope, a plant, the hemp agrimony. -- Holy Saturday (Eccl.), the Saturday immediately preceding the festival of Easter; the vigil of Easter. -- Holy Spirit, same as Holy Ghost (above). -- Holy Spirit plant. See Dove plant. -- Holy thistle (Bot.), the blessed thistle. See under Thistle. -- Holy Thursday. (Eccl.) (a) (Episcopal Ch.) Ascension day. (b) (R. C. Ch.) The Thursday in Holy Week; Maundy Thursday. -- Holy war, a crusade; an expedition carried on by Christians against the Saracens in the Holy Land, in the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries, for the possession of the holy places. -- Holy water (Gr. & R. C. Churches), water which has been blessed by the priest for sacred purposes. -- Holy-water stoup, the stone stoup or font placed near the entrance of a church, as a receptacle for holy water. -- Holy Week (Eccl.), the week before Easter, in which the passion of our Savior is commemorated. -- Holy writ, the sacred Scriptures. " Word of holy writ." Wordsworth.

HOLY CROSS Ho"ly cross".

Defn: The cross as the symbol of Christ's crucifixion. Congregation of the Holy Cross (R. C. Ch.), a community of lay brothers and priests, in France and the United States, engaged chiefly in teaching and manual Labor. Originally called Brethren of St. Joseph. The Sisters of the Holy Cross engage in similar work. Addis & Arnold. -- Holy-cross day, the fourteenth of September, observed as a church festival, in memory of the exaltation of our Savior's cross.

HOLYDAY Ho"ly*day`, n.

1. A religious festival.

2. A secular festival; a holiday.

Note: Holiday is the preferable and prevailing spelling in the second sense. The spelling holy day or holyday in often used in the first sense.

HOLYSTONE Ho"ly*stone`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A stone used by seamen for scrubbing the decks of ships. Totten.

HOLYSTONE Ho"ly*stone`, v. t. (Naut.)

Defn: To scrub with a holystone, as the deck of a vessel.

HOMACANTH Hom"a*canth, a. Etym: [Homo + Gr. a spine.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the dorsal fin spines symmetrical, and in the same line; -- said of certain fishes.

HOMAGE Hom"age, n. Etym: [OF.homage, homenage, F. hommage, LL. hominaticum, homenaticum, from L. homo a man, LL. also, a client, servant, vassal; akin to L. humus earth, Gr.groom in bridegroom. Cf. Bridegroom, Human.]

1. (Feud. Law)

Defn: A symbolical acknowledgment made by a feudal tenant to, and in the presence of, his lord, on receiving investiture of fee, or coming to it by succession, that he was his man, or vassal; profession of fealty to a sovereign.

2. Respect or reverential regard; deference; especially, respect paid by external action; obeisance. All things in heaven and earth do her [Law] homage. Hooker. I sought no homage from the race that write. Pope.

3. Reverence directed to the Supreme Being; reverential worship; devout affection. Chaucer.

Syn. -- Fealty; submission; reverence; honor; respect. -- Homage, Fealty. Homage was originally the act of a feudal tenant by which he declared himself, on his knees, to be the hommage or bondman of the lord; hence the term is used to denote reverential submission or respect. Fealty was originally the fidelity of such a tenant to his lord, and hence the term denotes a faithful and solemn adherence to the obligations we owe to superior power or authority. We pay our homage to men of preëminent usefulness and virtue, and profess our fealty to the principles by which they have been guided. Go, go with homage yon proud victors meet ! Go, lie like dogs beneath your masters' feet ! Dryden. Man, disobeying, Disloyal, breaks his fealty, and sins Against the high supremacy of heaven. Milton.

HOMAGE Hom"age, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Homaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Homaging.] Etym: [Cf. OF. hommager.]

1. To pay reverence to by external action. [R.]

2. To cause to pay homage. [Obs.] Cowley.

HOMAGEABLE Hom"age*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. hommageable.]

Defn: Subject to homage. Howell.

HOMAGER Hom"a*ger, n. Etym: [From Homage: cf. F. hommager.]

Defn: One who does homage, or holds land of another by homage; a vassal. Bacon.

HOMALOGRAPHIC Hom`a*lo*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Same as Homolographic.

HOMALOID; HOMALOIDAL Hom"a*loid, Hom`a*loid"al, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Geom.)

Defn: Flat; even; -- a term applied to surfaces and to spaces, whether real or imagined, in which the definitions, axioms, and postulates of Euclid respecting parallel straight lines are assumed to hold true.

HOMARUS Hom"a*rus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of decapod Crustacea, including the common lobsters. -- Hom"a*roid, a.

HOMATROPINE Ho*mat"ro*pine, n. Etym: [Homo- + atropine.] (Med.)

Defn: An alkaloid, prepared from atropine, and from other sources. It is chemically related to atropine, and is used for the same purpose.

HOMAXONIAL Hom`ax*o"ni*al, a. Etym: [Homo- + Gr. an axle, axis.] (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to that kind of homology or symmetry, the mathematical conception of organic form, in which all axes are equal. See under Promorphology.

HOME Home, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Homelyn.

HOME Home (110), n. Etym: [OE. hom, ham, AS. ham; akin to OS. hem, D. & G. heim, Sw. hem, Dan. hiem, Icel. heimr abode, world, heima home, Goth. haims village, Lith. këmas, and perh. to Gr.hind a peasant; cf. Skr.ksh abode, place of rest, security, kshi to dwell.

1. One's own dwelling place; the house in which one lives; esp., the house in which one lives with his family; the habitual abode of one's family; also, one's birthplace. The disciples went away again to their own home. John xx. 10. Home is the sacred refuge of our life. Dryden. Home! home! sweet, sweet home! There's no place like home. Payne.

2. One's native land; the place or country in which one dwells; the place where one's ancestors dwell or dwelt. "Our old home [England]." Hawthorne.

3. The abiding place of the affections, especially of the domestic affections. He entered in his house -- his home no more, For without hearts there is no home. Byron.

4. The locality where a thing is usually found, or was first found, or where it is naturally abundant; habitat; seat; as, the home of the pine. Her eyes are homes of silent prayer. Tennyson. Flandria, by plenty made the home of war. Prior.

5. A place of refuge and rest; an asylum; as, a home for outcasts; a home for the blind; hence, esp., the grave; the final rest; also, the native and eternal dwelling place of the soul. Man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets. Eccl. xii. 5.

6. (Baseball)

Defn: The home base; he started for home. At home.(a) At one's own house, or lodgings. (b) In one's own town or country; as, peace abroad and at home. (c) Prepared to receive callers. -- Home department, the department of executive administration, by which the internal affairs of a country are managed. [Eng.] To be at home on any subject, to be conversant or familiar with it. -- To feel at home, to be at one's ease. -- To make one's self at home, to conduct one's self with as much freedom as if at home.

Syn. -- Tenement; house; dwelling; abode; domicile.

HOME Home, a.

1. Of or pertaining to one's dwelling or country; domestic; not foreign; as home manufactures; home comforts.

2. Close; personal; pointed; as, a home thrust. Home base (Baseball), the base at which the batsman stands and which is the last goal in making a run. -- Home farm, grounds, etc., the farm, grounds, etc., adjacent to the residence of the owner. -- Home lot, an inclosed plot on which the owner's home stands. [U. S.] -- Home rule, rule or government of an appendent or dependent country, as to all local and internal legislation, by means of a governing power vested in the people within the country itself, in contradistinction to a government established by the dominant country; as, home rule in Ireland. Also used adjectively; as, home- rule members of Parliament. -- Home ruler, one who favors or advocates home rule. -- Home run (Baseball), a complete circuit of the bases made before the batted ball is returned to the home base. -- Home stretch (Sport.), that part of a race course between the last curve and the winning post. -- Home thrust, a well directed or effective thrust; one that wounds in a vital part; hence, in controversy, a personal attack.

HOME Home, adv.

1. To one's home or country; as in the phrases, go home, come home, carry home.

2. Close; closely. How home the charge reaches us, has been made out. South. They come home to men's business and bosoms. Bacon.

3. To the place where it belongs; to the end of a course; to the full length; as, to drive a nail home; to ram a cartridge home. Wear thy good rapier bare and put it home. Shak.

Note: Home is often used in the formation of compound words, many of which need no special definition; as, home-brewed, home-built, home- grown, etc. To bring home. See under Bring. -- To come home.(a) To touch or affect personally. See under Come. (b) (Naut.) To drag toward the vessel, instead of holding firm, as the cable is shortened; -- said of an anchor. -- To haul home the sheets of a sail (Naut.), to haul the clews close to the sheave hole. Totten.

HOMEBORN Home"born`, a.

1. Native; indigenous; not foreign. Donne. Pope.

2. Of or pertaining to the home or family. Fireside enjoyments, homeborn happiness. Cowper.

HOME-BOUND Home"-bound`, a.

Defn: Kept at home.

HOME-BRED Home"-bred`, a.

1. Bred at home; domestic; not foreign. " Home-bred mischief." Milton. Benignity and home-bred sense. Wordsworth.

2. Not polished; rude; uncultivated. Only to me home-bred youths belong. Dryden.

HOME-COMING Home-com`ing, n.

Defn: Return home. Kepeth this child, al be it foul or fayr, And eek my wyf, unto myn hoom-cominge. Chaucer.

HOME-DRIVEN Home"-driv`en, a.

Defn: Driven to the end, as a nail; driven close.

HOME-DWELLING Home"-dwell`ing, a.

Defn: Keeping at home.

HOME-FELT Home"-felt`, a.

Defn: Felt in one's own breast; inward; private. "Home-felt quiet. Pope.

HOMEFIELD Home"field`, n.

Defn: Afield adjacent to its owner's home. Hawthorne.

HOME-KEEPING Home"-keep`ing, a.

Defn: Staying at home; not gadding. Home-keeping youth have ever homely wits. Shak.

HOME-KEEPING Home"-keep`ing, n.

Defn: A staying at home.

HOMELESS Home"less, a. Etym: [AS.hamleas.]

Defn: Destitute of a home. -- Home"less*ness, n.

HOMELIKE Home"like`, a.

Defn: Like a home; comfortable; cheerful; cozy; friendly.

HOMELILY Home"li*ly, adv.

Defn: Plainly; inelegantly. [R.]

HOMELINESS Home"li*ness, n. Etym: [From Homely.]

1. Domesticity; care of home. [Obs.] "Wifely homeliness." Chaucer.

2. Familiarity; intimacy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. Plainness; want of elegance or beauty.

4. Coarseness; simplicity; want of refinement; as, the homeliness of manners, or language. Addison.

HOMELING Home"ling, n.

Defn: A person or thing belonging to a home or to a particular country; a native; as, a word which is a homeling. Trench.

HOMELY Home"ly, a. [Compar. Homelier; superl. Homeliest.] Etym: [From Home, n.]

1. Belonging to, or having the characteristics of, home; domestic; familiar; intimate. [Archaic] With all these men I was right homely, and communed with, them long and oft. Foxe. Their homely joys, and destiny obscure. Gray.

2. Plain; unpretending; rude in appearance; unpolished; as, a homely garment; a homely house; homely fare; homely manners. Now Strephon daily entertains His Chloe in the homeliest strains. Pope.

3. Of plain or coarse features; uncomely; -- contrary to handsome. None so homely but loves a looking-glass. South.

HOMELY Home"ly, adv.

Defn: Plainly; rudely; coarsely; as, homely dressed. [R.] Spenser.

HOMELYN Home"lyn, n. Etym: [Scot. hommelin.] (Zoöl)

Defn: The European sand ray (Raia maculata); -- called also home, mirror ray, and rough ray.

HOMEMADE Home"made`, a.

Defn: Made at home; of domestic manufacture; made either in a private family or in one's own country. Locke.

HOMEOPATH Ho"me*o*path, n. Etym: [Cf. F. homéopathe.]

Defn: A practitioner of homeopathy. [Written also homoeopath.]

HOMEOPATHIC Ho`me*o*path"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. homéopathique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to homeopathy; according to the principles of homeopathy. [Also homoepathic.]

HOMEOPATHICALLY Ho`me*o*path"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: According to the practice of homeopathy. [Also homoepathically.]

HOMEOPATHIST Ho`me*op"a*thist, n.

Defn: A believer in, or practitioner of, homeopathy. [Written also homoepathist.]

HOMEOPATHY Ho*me*op"a*thy, n. Etym: [Gr. Same) + homéopathie. See Pathos.] (Med.)

Defn: The art of curing, founded on resemblances; the theory and its practice that disease is cured (tuto, cito, et jucunde) by remedies which produce on a healthy person effects similar to the symptoms of the complaint under which the patient suffers, the remedies being usually administered in minute doses. This system was founded by Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, and is opposed to allopathy, or heteropathy. [Written also homoepathy.]

HOMER Hom"er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A carrier pigeon remarkable for its ability to return home from a distance.

HOMER Ho"mer, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Hoemother.

HOMER Ho"mer, n. Etym: [Heb. khomer.]

Defn: A Hebrew measure containing, as a liquid measure, ten baths, equivalent to fifty-five gallons, two quarts, one pint; and, as a dry measure, ten ephahs, equivalent to six bushels, two pecks, four quarts. [Written also chomer, gomer.]

HOMERIC Ho*mer"ic, a. Etym: [L. Homericus, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Homer, the most famous of Greek poets; resembling the poetry of Homer. Homeric verse, hexameter verse; -- so called because used by Homer in his epics.

HOMESICK Home"sick`, a.

Defn: Pining for home; in a nostalgic condition. -- Home"sick`ness, n.

HOME-SPEAKING Home"-speak`ing, n.

Defn: Direct, forcible, and effective speaking. Milton.

HOMESPUN Home"spun, a.

1. Spun or wrought at home; of domestic manufacture; coarse; plain. "Homespun country garbs." W. Irving.

2. Plain in manner or style; not elegant; rude; coarse. "Our homespun English proverb." Dryden. "Our homespun authors." Addison.