Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (part 32 of 60)

Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (part 32 of 60)

LUCIFIC Lu*cif"ic, a. Etym: [L. lucificus; lux, lucis, light + facere to make.]

Defn: Producing light. Grew.

LUCIFORM Lu"ci*form, a. Etym: [L. lux, lucis, light = -form.]

Defn: Having, in some respects, the nature of light; resembling light. Berkeley.

LUCIFRIAN Lu*cif"ri*an, a.

Defn: Luciferian; satanic. [Obs.] Marston.

LUCIMETER Lu*cim"e*ter, n. Etym: [L. lux, lucis, light + -meter.]

Defn: an instrument for measuring the intensity of light; a photometer.

LUCK Luck, n. Etym: [Akin to D. luk, geluk, G. glück, Icel. lukka, Sw. lycka, Dan. lykke, and perh. to G. locken to entice. Cf. 3d Gleck.]

Defn: That which happens to a person; an event, good or ill, affecting one's interests or happiness, and which is deemed casual; a course or series of such events regarded as occurring by chance; chance; hap; fate; fortune; often, one's habitual or characteristic fortune; as, good, bad, ill, or hard luck. Luck is often used for good luck; as, luck is better than skill. If thou dost play with him at any game, Thou art sure to lose; and of that natural luck, He beats thee 'gainst the odds. Shak. Luck penny, a small sum given back for luck to one who pays money. [Prov. Eng.] -- To be is luck, to receive some good, or to meet with some success, in an unexpected manner, or as the result of circumstances beyond one's control; to be fortunate.

LUCKILY Luck"i*ly, adv. Etym: [From Lucky.]

Defn: In a lucky manner; by good fortune; fortunately; -- used in a good sense; as, they luckily escaped injury.

LUCKINESS Luck"i*ness, n.

1. The state or quality of being lucky; as, the luckiness of a man or of an event.

2. Good fortune; favorable issue or event. Locke.

LUCKLESS Luck"less, a.

Defn: Being without luck; unpropitious; unfortunate; unlucky; meeting with ill success or bad fortune; as, a luckless gamester; a luckless maid. Prayers made and granted in a luckless hour. Dryden. -- Luck"less*ly, adv. -- Lock"less*ness, n.

LUCKY Luck"y, a. [Compar. Luckier; superl. Luckiest.]

1. Favored by luck; fortunate; meeting with good success or good fortune; -- said of persons; as, a lucky adventurer. " Lucky wight." Spenser.

2. Producing, or resulting in, good by chance, or unexpectedly; favorable; auspicious; fortunate; as, a lucky mistake; a lucky cast; a lucky hour. We doubt not of a fair and lucky war. Shak.

Syn. -- Successful; fortunate; prosperous; auspicious.

LUCKY PROACH Luck`y proach". (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Fatherlasher.

LUCRATIVE Lu"cra*tive, a. Etym: [L. lucrativus, fr. lucrari to gain, fr. lucrum gain: cf. F. lucratif. See Lucre.]

1. Yielding lucre; gainful; profitable; making increase of money or goods; as, a lucrative business or office. The trade of merchandise being the most lucrative, may bear usury at a good rate. Bacon.

2. Greedy of gain [Obs.] Such diligence as the most part of our lucrative lawyers do use, in deferring and prolonging of matters and actions from term to term. Latimer.

LUCRATIVELY Lu"cra*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a lucrative manner.

LUCRE Lu"cre, n. Etym: [F. lucre, L. lucrum.]

Defn: Gain in money or goods; profit; riches; -- often in an ill sense. The lust of lucre and the dread of death. Pope.

LUCRIFEROUS Lu*crif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. lucrum gain +-ferous.]

Defn: Gainful; profitable. [Obs.] Boyle.

LUCRIFIC Lu*crif"ic, a. Etym: [L. lucrificus; lucrum gain + facere to make.]

Defn: Producing profit; gainful. [Obs.]

LUCTATION Luc*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. luctatio, fr. luctari to wrestle, strive.]

Defn: Effort to overcome in contest; struggle; endeavor. [R.] Farindon.

LUCTUAL Luc"tu*al, a. Etym: [L. luctus mourning, sorrow, fr. lugere, fr. luctum, to mourn.]

Defn: Producing grief; saddening. [Obs.] Sir G. Buck.

LUCUBRATE Lu"cu*brate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lucubrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Lucubrated.] Etym: [L. lucubratus, p. p. of lucubrare to work by lamplight, fr. lux light. See Light, n.]

Defn: To study by candlelight or a lamp; to study by night.

LUCUBRATE Lu"cu*brate, v. t.

Defn: To elaborate, perfect, or compose, by night study or by laborious endeavor.

LUCUBRATION Lu`cu*bra"tion, n. Etym: [l. lucubratio;cf. F. lucubration.]

1. The act of lucubrating, or studying by candlelight; nocturnal study; meditation. After long lucubration I have hit upon such an expedient. Goldsmith.

2. That which is composed by night; that which is produced by meditation in retirement; hence (loosely) any literary composition. Thy lucubrations have been perused by several of our friends. Tatler.

LUCUBRATOR Lu"cu*bra`tor, n.

Defn: One who studies by night; also, one who produces lucubrations.

LUCUBRATORY Lu"cu*bra*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. lucubratorius.]

Defn: Composed by candlelight, or by night; of or pertaining to night studies; laborious or painstaking. Pope.

LUCULE Lu"cule, n. Etym: [Dim. fr. L. lux, lucis, light.] (Astron.)

Defn: A spot or fleck on the sun brighter than the surrounding surface.

LUCULENT Lu"cu*lent, a. Etym: [L. luculentus, from lux, lucis, light.]

1. Lucid; clear; transparent. Thomson.

2. Clear; evident; luminous. " Most luculent testimonies." Hooker.

3. Bright; shining in beauty. [Obs.] Most debonair and luculent lady. B. Jonson.

LUCULENTLY Lu"cu*lent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a luculent manner; clearly.

LUCULLITE Lu*cul"lite, n. Etym: [From Lucullus, a Roman consul, famous for his great wealth and luxury: cf. F. lucullite.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of black limestone, often polished for ornamental purposes.

LUCUMA Lu*cu"ma, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An American genus of sapotaceous trees bearing sweet and edible fruits.

Note: Lucuma mammosum is called natural marmalade in the West Indies; L. Caimito, of Peru, furnishes a delicious fruit called lucuma and caimito.

LUDDITE Lud"dite, n.

Defn: One of a number of riotous persons in England, who for six years (1811-17) tried to prevent the use of labor-saving machinery by breaking it, burning factories, etc.; -- so called from Ned Lud, a half-witted man who some years previously had broken stocking frames. J. & H. Smith. H. Martineau.

LUDIBRIOUS Lu*dib"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. ludibrium mockery, derision, from ludere to play, sport.]

Defn: Sportive; ridiculous; wanton. [Obs.] Tooker.

LUDIBUND Lu"di*bund, a. Etym: [L. ludibundus.]

Defn: Sportive. [Obs.] -- Lu"di*bund*ness, n. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

LUDICROUS Lu"di*crous, a. Etym: [L. ludicrus, or ludicer, from ludus play, sport, fr. ludere to play.]

Defn: Adapted to excite laughter, without scorn or contempt; sportive. Broome. A chapter upon German rhetoric would be in the same ludicrous predicament as Van Troil's chapter on the snakes of Iceland, which delivers its business in one summary sentence, announcing, that snakes in Iceland -- there are none. De Quincey.

Syn. -- Laughable; sportive; burlesque; comic; droll; ridiculous. -- Ludicrous, Laughable, Ridiculous. We speak of a thing as ludicrous when it tends to produce laughter; as laughable when the impression is somewhat stronger; as ridiculous when more or less contempt is mingled with the merriment created. -- Lu"di*crous*ly, adv. -- Lu"di*crous*ness, n.

LUDIFICATION Lu`di*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. ludificatio, fr. ludificare to make sport of; ludus sport + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See -fy.]

Defn: The act of deriding.

LUDIFICATORY Lu*dif"i*ca*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. ludificatorius.]

Defn: Making sport; tending to excite derision. [Obs.]

LUDLAMITE Lud"lam*ite, n. Etym: [Named after Mr. Ludlam, of London.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral occurring in small, green, transparent, monoclinic crystals. It is a hydrous phosphate of iron.

LUDLOW GROUP Lud"low group`. (Geol.)

Defn: A subdivision of the British Upper Silurian lying below the Old Red Sandstone; -- so named from the Ludlow, in Western England. See the Chart of Geology.

LUDWIGITE Lud"wig*ite, n. Etym: [Named after the chemist Ludwig.] (Min.)

Defn: A borate of iron and magnesia, occurring in fibrous masses of a blackish green color.

LUES Lu"es, n. Etym: [L.] (Med.)

Defn: Disease, especially of a contagious kind. Lues venerea, syphilis; -- called also simply lues.

LUFF Luff, n. Etym: [OE. lof, prob. a sort of timber by which the course of a ship was directed, perh. a sort of paddle; cf. D. loef luff, loeven to luff. The word is perh. akin to E. glove. Cf. Aloof.] (Naut.) (a) The side of a ship toward the wind. (b) The act of sailing a ship close to the wind. (c) The roundest part of a ship's bow. (d) The forward or weather leech of a sail, especially of the jib, spanker, and other fore-and-aft sails. Luff tackle, a purchase composed of a double and single block and fall, used for various purposes. Totten. -- Luff upon luff, a luff tackle attached to the fall of another luff tackle. R. H. Dana, Jr.

LUFF Luff, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Luffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Luffing.] (Naut.)

Defn: To turn the head of a vessel toward the wind; to sail nearer the wind; to turn the tiller so as to make the vessel sail nearer the wind. To luff round, or To luff alee, to make the extreme of this movement, for the purpose of throwing the ship's head into the wind.

LUFFA Luf"fa, n. [NL., fr. Ar. lufah.] (Bot.) (a) A small genus of tropical cucurbitaceous plants having white flowers, the staminate borne in racemes, and large fruits with a dry fibrous pericarp. The fruit of several species and the species themselves, esp. L. Ægyptiaca, are called dishcloth gourds. (b) Any plant of this genus, or its fruit. (c) The fibrous skeleton of the fruit, used as a sponge and in the manufacture of caps and women's hats; -- written also loofah.

LUFFER Luf"fer, n. (Arch.)

Defn: See Louver.

LUG Lug, n. Etym: [Sw. lugg the forelock.]

1. The ear, or its lobe. [Scot. & Prov. Eng.]

2. That which projects like an ear, esp. that by which anything is supported, carried, or grasped, or to which a support is fastened; an ear; as, the lugs of a kettle; the lugs of a founder's flask; the lug (handle) of a jug.

3. (Mach.)

Defn: A projecting piece to which anything, as a rod, is attached, or against which anything, as a wedge or key, bears, or through which a bolt passes, etc.

4. (Harness)

Defn: The leather loop or ear by which a shaft is held up.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The lugworm. Lug bolt (Mach.), a bolt terminating in a long, flat extension which takes the place of a head; a strap bolt.

LUG Lug, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lugged; p. pr. & vb. n. Lugging.] Etym: [OE. luggen, Sw. lugga to pull by the hair, fr. lugg the forelock.]

Defn: To pull with force; to haul; to drag along; to carry with difficulty, as something heavy or cumbersome. Dryden. They must divide the image among them, and so lug off every one his share. Collier.

LUG Lug, v. i.

Defn: To move slowly and heavily.

LUG Lug, n.

1. The act of lugging; as, a hard lug; that which is lugged; as, the pack is a heavy lug.[Colloq.]

2. Anything which moves slowly. [Obs.] Ascham.

LUG Lug, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

1. A rod or pole. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

2. A measure of length, being 16 [Obs.] " Eight lugs of ground." Spenser. Chimney lug, or Lug pole, a pole on which a kettle is hung over the fire, either in a chimney or in the open air. [Local, U.S.] Whittier.

LUGGAGE Lug"gage, n. Etym: [From 4th Lug.]

Defn: That which is lugged; anything cumbrous and heavy to be carried; especially, a traveler's trunks, baggage, etc., or their contents. I am gathering up my luggage, and preparing for my journey. Swift. What do you mean, To dote thus on such luggage! Shak.

Syn. -- Plunder; baggage. Luggage van, a vehicle for carrying luggage; a railway car, or compartment of a car, for carrying luggage. [Eng.]

LUGGER Lug"ger, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A small vessel having two or three masts, and a running bowsprit, and carrying lugsails. See Illustration in Appendix. Totten.

LUGGER Lug"ger, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An Indian falcon (Falco jugger), similar to the European lanner and the American prairie falcon.

LUGMARK Lug"mark`, n. Etym: [From Lug an ear.]

Defn: A mark cut into the ear of an animal to identify it; an earmark.

LUGSAIL Lug"sail`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A square sail bent upon a yard that hangs obliquely to the mast and is raised or lowered with the sail. Totten.

LUGUBRIOUS Lu*gu"bri*ous, a. Etym: [L. lugubris, fr. lugere to mourn; cf. Gr. ruj to break.]

Defn: Mournful; indicating sorrow, often ridiculously or feignedly; doleful; woful; pitiable; as, a whining tone and a lugubrious look. Crossbones, scythes, hourglasses, and other lugubrious emblems of mortality. Hawthorne. -- Lu*gu"bri*ous*ly, adv. -- Lu*gu"bri*ous*ness, n.

LUGWORM Lug"worm`, n. Etym: [1st lug + worm.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large marine annelid (Arenicola marina) having a row of tufted gills along each side of the back. It is found burrowing in sandy beaches, both in America and Europe, and is used for bait by European fishermen. Called also lobworm, and baitworm.

LUKE Luke, a. Etym: [Prob. fr. lew, perh. influenced by AS. wlæc warm, lukewarm, remiss. Cf. Lew.]

Defn: Moderately warm; not hot; tepid. -- Luke"ness, n. [Obs.] Nine penn'orth o'brandy and water luke. Dickens.

LUKEWARM Luke"warm`, a. Etym: [See Luke.]

Defn: Moderately warm; neither cold nor hot; tepid; not ardent; not zealous; cool; indifferent. " Lukewarm blood." Spenser. " Lukewarm patriots." Addison. An obedience so lukewarm and languishing that it merits not the name of passion. Dryden. -- Luce"warm`ly, adv. -- Luce"warm`ness, n.

LULL Lull, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lulled; p. pr. & vb. n. Lulling.] Etym: [Akin to OD. lullen to sing to sleep, G. lullen, Dan. lulle, Sw. lulla; all of imitative origin. Cf. Loll, Lollard.]

Defn: To cause to rest by soothing influences; to compose; to calm; to soothe; to quiet. " To lull him soft asleep." Spenser. Such sweet compulsion doth in music lie, To lull the daughters of necessity. Milton.

LULL Lull, v. i.

Defn: To become gradually calm; to subside; to cease or abate for a time; as, the storm lulls.

LULL Lull, n.

1. The power or quality of soothing; that which soothes; a lullaby. [R.] Young.

2. A temporary cessation of storm or confusion.

LULLABY lull"a*by, n. Etym: [From Lull, v. t. ]

1. A song to quiet babes or lull them to sleep; that which quiets. Shak.

2. Hence: Good night; good-by. [Obs.] Shak.

LULLER Lull"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, lulls.

LULLINGLY Lull"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a lulling manner; soothingly.

LUM Lum, n. Etym: [W. llumon chimney, llum that shoots up or ends in a point.]

1. A chimney. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Burns.

2. A ventilating chimney over the shaft of a mine.

3. A woody valley; also, a deep pool. [Prov. Eng.]

LUMACHEL; LUMACHELLA Lu"ma*chel, Lu`ma*chel"la, n. Etym: [F. lumachelle, It. lumachella, fr. lamachella a little snail, dim. of lumaca a snail, fr. L. limax, -acis.] (Min.)

Defn: A grayish brown limestone, containing fossil shells, which reflect a beautiful play of colors. It is also called fire marble, from its fiery reflections.

LUMBAGINOUS Lum*bag"i*nous, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to lumbago.

LUMBAGO Lum*ba"go, n. Etym: [L., fr. lumbus loin. See Lumbar.] (Med.)

Defn: A rheumatic pain in the loins and the small of the back.

LUMBAR; LUMBAL Lum"bar, Lum"bal, a. Etym: [L. lumbus loin. See Loin.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or near, the loins; as, the lumbar arteries. Lumbar region (Anat.), the region of the loin; specifically, a region between the hypochondriac and ilias regions, and outside of the umbilical region.

LUMBER Lum"ber, n. Etym: [Prob. fr. Lombard, the Lombards being the money lenders and pawnbrokers of the Middle Ages. A lumber room was, according to Trench, originally a Lombard room, or room where the Lombard pawnbroker stored his pledges. See Lombard.]

1. A pawnbroker's shop, or room for storing articles put in pawn; hence, a pledge, or pawn. [Obs.] They put all the little plate they had in the lumber, which is pawning it, till the ships came. Lady Murray.

2. Old or refuse household stuff; things cumbrous, or bulky and useless, or of small value.

3. Timber sawed or split into the form of beams, joists, boards, planks, staves, hoops, etc.; esp., that which is smaller than heavy timber. [U.S.] Lumber kiln, a room in which timber or lumber is dried by artificial heat. [U.S.] -- Lumber room, a room in which unused furniture or other lumber is kept. [U.S.] -- Lumber wagon, a heavy rough wagon, without springs, used for general farmwork, etc.

LUMBER Lum"ber, b. t. [imp. & p. p. Lumbered; p. pr. & vb. n. Lumbering.]

1. To heap together in disorder. " Stuff lumbered together." Rymer.

2. To fill or encumber with lumber; as, to lumber up a room.

LUMBER Lum"ber, v. i.

1. To move heavily, as if burdened.

2. Etym: [Cf. dial. Sw. lomra to resound.]

Defn: To make a sound as if moving heavily or clumsily; to rumble. Cowper.

3. To cut logs in the forest, or prepare timber for market. [U.S.]

LUMBERER Lum"ber*er, n.

Defn: One employed in lumbering, cutting, and getting logs from the forest for lumber; a lumberman. [U.S.] Lumberers have a notion that he (the woodpecker) is harmful to timber. Lowell.

LUMBERING Lum"ber*ing, n.

Defn: The business of cutting or getting timber or logs from the forest for lumber. [U.S.]

LUMBERMAN Lum"ber*man, n.; pl. Lumbermen (.

Defn: One who is engaged in lumbering as a business or employment. [U.S.]

LUMBER STATE Lum"ber State.

Defn: Maine; -- a nickname.

LUMBOSACRAL Lum`bo*sa"cral, n. Etym: [L. lumbus loin + E. sacral.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the loins and sacrum; as, the lumbosacral nerve, a branch of one of the lumber nerves which passes over the sacrum.

LUMBRIC Lum"bric, n. Etym: [L. lumbricus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An earthworm, or a worm resembling an earthworm.

LUMBRICAL Lum"bric*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. lombrical. See Lumbric.] (Anat.)

Defn: Resembling a worm; as, the lumbrical muscles of the hands of the hands and feet. -- n.

Defn: A lumbrical muscle.

LUMBRICIFORM Lum*bric"i*form, a. Etym: [L. lumbricus worm + -form.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling an earthworm; vermiform.

LUMBRICOID Lum"bri*coid, a. Etym: [Lumbricus + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like an earthworm; belonging to the genus Lumbricus, or family Lumbricidæ.

LUMBRICUS Lum"bri*cus, n. Etym: [L. See Lumbric.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of annelids, belonging to the Oligochæta, and including the common earthworms. See Earthworm.

LUMEN Lu"men, n.; pl. L. Lumina (#), E. Lumens (#). [L., light, an opening for light.]

1. (Photom.) (a) A unit of illumination, being the amount of illumination of a unit area of spherical surface, due to a light of unit intensity placed at the center of the sphere. (b) A unit of light flux, being the flux through one square meter of surface the illumination of which is uniform and of unit brightness.

2. (Biol.) An opening, space, or cavity, esp. a tubular cavity; a vacuole.

LUMINANT Lu"mi*nant, a.

Defn: Luminous. [R.]

LUMINARY Lu"mi*na*ry, n.; pl. Luminaries, Etym: [F. luminaire, L. luminare a light or lamp, which was lighted in the churches, a luminary, fr. lumen, luminis, light, fr. lucere to be light, to shine, lux, lucis, light. See Light.]

1. Any body that gives light, especially one of the heavenly bodies. " Radiant luminary." Skelton. Where the great luminary . . . Dispenses light from far. Milton.

2. One who illustrates any subject, or enlightens mankind; as, Newton was a distinguished luminary.

LUMINATE Lu"mi*nate, v. t. Etym: [L. luminatus, p. p. of luminare to illumine, fr. lumen light. See Limn.]

Defn: To illuminate. [Obs.]

LUMINATION Lu`mi*na"tion, n.

Defn: Illumination. [Obs.]

LUMINE Lu"mine, v. i.

Defn: To illumine. [Obs.] Spenser.

LUMINESCENCE Lu`mi*nes"cence, n. [See Luminescent.]

1. (Physics) Any emission of light not ascribable directly to incandescence, and therefore occurring at low temperatures, as in phosphorescence and fluorescence or other luminous radiation resulting from vital processes, chemical action, friction, solution, or the influence of light or of ultraviolet or cathode rays, etc.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) The faculty or power of voluntarily producing light, as in the firefly and glowworm. (b) The light thus produced; luminosity; phosphorescence.

LUMINESCENT Lu`mi*nes"cent, a. [L. luminare to illuminate + -escent.] (Physics)

Defn: Shining with a light due to any of the various causes which produce luminescence.

LUMINIFEROUS Lu`mi*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. lumen light + -ferous.]

Defn: Producing light; yielding light; transmitting light; as, the luminiferous ether.

LUMINOSITY Lu`mi*nos"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being luminous; luminousness.

LUMINOUS Lu"mi*nous, a. Etym: [L. luminosus, fr. lumen light: cf. F. lumineux. See Luminary, Illuminate.]

1. Shining; emitting or reflecting light; brilliant; bright; as, the is a luminous body; a luminous color. Fire burneth wood, making it . . . luminous. Bacon. The mountains lift . . . their lofty and luminous heads. Longfellow.

2. Illuminated; full of light; bright; as, many candles made the room luminous. Up the staircase moved a luminous space in the darkness. Longfellow.

3. Enlightened; intelligent; also, clear; intelligible; as, a luminous mind. " Luminous eloquence." Macaulay. " A luminous statement." Brougham. Luminous paint, a paint made up with some phosphorescent substance, as sulphide of calcium, which after exposure to a strong light is luminous in the dark for a time.

Syn. -- Lucid; clear; shining; perspicuous. -- Lu"mi*nous*ly, adv. -- Lu"mi*nous*ness, n.

LUMMOX Lum"mox, n.

Defn: A fat, ungainly, stupid person; an awkward bungler. [Law.]

LUMP Lump, n. Etym: [Cf. OD. lompe piece, mass. Cf. Lunch.]

1. A small mass of matter of irregular shape; an irregular or shapeless mass; as, a lump of coal; a lump of iron ore. " A lump of cheese." Piers Plowman. " This lump of clay." Shak.

2. A mass or aggregation of things.

3. (Firearms)

Defn: A projection beneath the breech end of a gun barrel. In the lump, In a lump, the whole together; in gross. They may buy them in the lump. Addison. -- Lump coal, coal in large lumps; -- the largest size brought from the mine. -- Lump sum, a gross sum without a specification of items; as, to award a lump sum in satisfaction of all claims and damages.

LUMP Lump, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lumped; p. pr. & vb. n. Lumping.]

1. To throw into a mass; to unite in a body or sum without distinction of particulars. The expenses ought to be lumped together. Ayliffe.

2. To take in the gross; to speak of collectively. Not forgetting all others, . . . whom for brevity, but out of no resentment you, I lump all together. Sterne.

3. To get along with as one can, although displeased; as, if he does n't like it, he can lump it. [Law]

LUMPER Lump"er, n. Etym: [Cf. Lamper eel.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European eelpout; -- called also lumpen.

LUMPER Lump"er, n.

1. One who lumps.

2. A laborer who is employed to load or unload vessels when in harbor.

LUMPFISH Lump"fish`, n. Etym: [From Lump, on account of its bulkiness: cf. G. & D. lump, F. lompe.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, thick, clumsy, marine fish (Cyclopterus lumpus) of Europe and America. The color is usually translucent sea green, sometimes purplish. It has a dorsal row of spiny tubercles, and three rows on each side, but has no scales. The ventral fins unite and form a ventral sucker for adhesion to stones and seaweeds. Called also lumpsucker, cock-paddle, sea owl.

LUMPING Lump"ing, a.

Defn: Bulky; heavy. Arbuthnot.

LUMPISH Lump"ish, a.

Defn: Like a lump; inert; gross; heavy; dull; spiritless. " Lumpish, heavy, melancholy." Shak. -- Lump"ish*ly, adv. -- Lump"ish*ness, n.

LUMPSUCKER Lump"suck`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The lumprish.

LUMPY Lump"y, a. [Compar. Lumpier; superl. Lumpiest.]

Defn: Full of lumps, or small compact masses.

LUMPY-JAW Lump"y-jaw`. (Med.)

Defn: Actinomycosis. [Colloq.]

LUNA Lu"na, n. Etym: [L.; akin to lucere to shine. See Light, n., and cf. Lune.]

1. The moon.

2. (Alchemy)

Defn: Silver. Luna cornea (Old Chem.), horn silver, or fused silver chloride, a tough, brown, translucent mass; -- so called from its resemblance to horn. Luna moth (Zoöl.), a very large and beautiful American moth (Actias luna). Its wings are delicate light green, with a stripe of purple along the front edge of the anterior wings, the other margins being edged with pale yellow. Each wing has a lunate spot surrounded by rings of light yellow, blue, and black. The caterpillar commonly feeds on the hickory, sassafras, and maple.

LUNACY Lu"na*cy, n.; pl. Lunacies. Etym: [See Lunatic.]

1. Insanity or madness; properly, the kind of insanity which is broken by intervals of reason, -- formerly supposed to be influenced by the changes of the moon; any form of unsoundness of mind, except idiocy; mental derangement or alienation. Brande. Burrill. Your kindred shuns your house As beaten hence by your strange lunacy. Shak.

2. A morbid suspension of good sense or judgment, as through fanaticism. Dr. H. More.

Syn. -- Derangement; craziness; mania. See Insanity.

LUNAR Lu"nar, a. Etym: [L. lunaris, fr. luna the moon. See Luna, and cf. Lunary.]

1. Of or pertaining to the moon; as, lunar observations.

2. Resembling the moon; orbed. Dryden.

3. Measured by the revolutions of the moon; as, a lunar month.

4. Influenced by the moon, as in growth, character, or properties; as, lunar herbs. Bacon. Lunar caustic (Med. Chem.), silver nitrate prepared to be used as a cautery; -- so named because silver was called luna by the ancient alchemists. -- Lunar cycle. Same as Metonic cycle. See under Cycle. -- Lunar distance, the angular distance of the moon from the sun, a star, or a planet, employed for determining longitude by the lunar method. -- Lunar method, the method of finding a ship's longitude by comparing the local time of taking (by means of a sextant or circle) a given lunar distance, with the Greenwich time corresponding to the same distance as ascertained from a nautical almanac, the difference of these times being the longitude. -- Lunar month. See Month. -- Lunar observation, an observation of a lunar distance by means of a sextant or circle, with the altitudes of the bodies, and the time, for the purpose of computing the longitude. -- Lunar tables. (a) (Astron.) Tables of the moon's motions, arranged for computing the moon's true place at any time past or future. (b) (Navigation) Tables for correcting an observed lunar distance on account of refraction and parallax. -- Lunar year, the period of twelve lunar months, or 354 days, 8 hours, 48 minutes, and 34.38 seconds.

LUNAR Lu"nar, n.

1. (Astron.)

Defn: A lunar distance.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The middle bone of the proximal series of the carpus; -- called also semilunar, and intermedium.

LUNARIAN Lu*na"ri*an, n. Etym: [See Lunar, Luna.]

Defn: An inhabitant of the moon.

LUNARY Lu"na*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. lunaire. See Lunar.]

Defn: Lunar. [Obs.] Fuller.

LUNARY Lu"na*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. lunaire.] (Bot.) (a) The herb moonwort or "honesty". (b) A low fleshy fern (Botrychium Lunaria) with lunate segments of the leaf or frond.

LUNATE; LUNATED Lu"nate, Lu"na*ted, a. Etym: [L. lunatus crescent-shaped, p. p. of lunare to bend like a crescent, fr. luna the moon.]

Defn: Crescent-shaped; as, a lunate leaf; a lunate beak; a lunated cross. Gray.

LUNATIC Lu"na*tic, a. Etym: [F. lunatique, L. lunaticus, fr. luna the moon. See Lunar.]

1. Affected by lunacy; insane; mad. Lord, have mercy on my son; for he is lunatic. Wyclif (Matt. xvii. 15).

2. Of or pertaining to, or suitable for, an insane person; evincing lunacy; as, lunatic gibberish; a lunatic asylum.

LUNATIC Lu"na*tic, n.

Defn: A person affected by lunacy; an insane person, esp. one who has lucid intervals; a madman; a person of unsound mind. The lunatic, the lover, and the poet, Are of imagination all compact. Shak.

LUNATION Lu*na"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. Lunated.]

Defn: The period of a synodic revolution of the moon, or the time from one new moon to the next; varying in length, at different times, from about 29

LUNCH Lunch, n. Etym: [Of uncertain etymol. Cf. Prov. Eng. nunc a lump.]

Defn: A luncheon; specifically, a light repast between breakfast and dinner.

LUNCH Lunch, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lunched; p. pr. & vb. n. Lunching.]

Defn: To take luncheon. Smart.

LUNCHEON Lunch"eon, n. Etym: [Prov. E. luncheon, lunchion, lunshin, a large lump of food, fr. lunch. See Lunch.]

1. A lump of food. [Prov. Eng.]

2. A portion of food taken at any time except at a regular meal; an informal or light repast, as between breakfast and dinner.

LUNCHEON Lunch"eon, v. i.

Defn: To take luncheon. Beaconsfield.

LUNE Lune, n. Etym: [L. luna moon: cf. F. lune. See Luna.]

1. Anything in the shape of a half moon. [R.]

2. (Geom.)

Defn: A figure in the form of a crescent, bounded by two intersecting arcs of circles.

3. A fit of lunacy or madness; a period of frenzy; a crazy or unreasonable freak. [Obs.] These dangerous, unsafe lunes i' the king. Shak.

LUNET Lu"net, n. Etym: [See Lunette.]

Defn: A little moon or satellite. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

LUNETTE Lu*nette", n. Etym: [F., dim. of lune moon, L.luna. See Lune a crescent.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: A fieldwork consisting of two faces, forming a salient angle, and two parallel flanks. See Bastion.

2. (Far.)

Defn: A half horseshoe, which wants the sponge.

3. A kind of watch crystal which is more than ordinarily flattened in the center; also, a species of convexoconcave lens for spectacles.

4. A piece of felt to cover the eye of a vicious horse.

5. (Arch.)

Defn: Any surface of semicircular or segmental form; especially, the piece of wall between the curves of a vault and its springing line.

6. An iron shoe at the end of the stock of a gun carriage. Lunette window (Arch.), a window which fills or partly fills a lunette.

LUNG Lung, n. Etym: [OE. lunge, AS. lunge, pl. lungen; akin to D. long, G. lunge, Icel. & Sw. lunga, Dan. lunge, all prob. from the root of E. light. See Light not heavy.] (Anat.)

Defn: An organ for aërial respiration; -- commonly in the plural. My lungs began to crow like chanticleer. Shak.

Note: In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the esophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive saclike character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax. See Respiration. Lung fever (Med.), pneumonia. -- Lung flower (Bot.), a species of gentian (G. Pneumonanthe). -- Lung lichen (Bot.), tree lungwort. See under Lungwort. Lung sac (Zoöl.), one of the breathing organs of spiders and snails.

LUNGE Lunge, n. Etym: [Also spelt longe, fr. allonge. See Allonge, Long.]

Defn: A sudden thrust or pass, as with a sword.

LUNGE Lunge, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lunged; p. pr. & vb. n. Lunging.]

Defn: To make a lunge.

LUNGE Lunge, v. t.

Defn: To cause to go round in a ring, as a horse, while holding his halter. Thackeray.

LUNGE Lunge, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Namaycush.

LUNGED Lunged, a.

Defn: Having lungs, or breathing organs similar to lungs.

LUNGFISH Lung"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any fish belonging to the Dipnoi; -- so called because they have both lungs and gills.

LUNG-GROWN Lung"-grown`, a. (Med.)

Defn: Having lungs that adhere to the pleura.

LUNGIE Lun"gie, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A guillemot. [Written also longie.] [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

LUNGIS Lun"gis, n. Etym: [OF. longis. See Lounge.]

Defn: A lingerer; a dull, drowsy fellow. [Obs.]

LUNGLESS Lung"less, a.

Defn: Being without lungs.

LUNGOOR Lun"goor, n. Etym: [Hind. langur.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A long-tailed monkey (Semnopithecus schislaceus), from the mountainous districts of India.

LUNGWORM Lung"worm`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of parasitic nematoid worms which infest the lungs and air passages of cattle, sheep, and other animals, often proving fatal. The lungworm of cattle (Strongylus micrurus) and that of sheep (S. filaria) are the best known.

LUNGWORT Lung"wort`, n. (Bot.) (a) An herb of the genus Pulmonaria (P. officinalis), of Europe; -- so called because the spotted appearance of the leaves resembles that of a diseased lung. (b) Any plant of the genus Mertensia (esp. M. Virginica and M. Sibirica) plants nearly related to Pulmonaria. The American lungwort is Mertensia Virginica, Virginia cowslip. Gray. Cow's lungwort mullein. -- Sea lungwort, Mertensia maritima, found on the seacoast of Northern Europe and America. -- Tree lungwort, a lichen (Sticta pulmonacea) growing on trees and rocks. The thallus is lacunose, and in appearance somewhat resembles the lungs, for diseases of which it was once thought a remedy.

LUNICURRENT Lu"ni*cur"rent, a. Etym: [L. luna moon + E. current.]

Defn: Having relation to changes in currents that depend on the moon's phases. Bache.

LUNIFORM Lu"ni*form, a. Etym: [L. luna moon + -form: cf. F. luniforme.]

Defn: Resembling the moon in shape.

LUNISOLAR Lu"ni*so"lar, a. Etym: [L. luna moon + E. solar: cf. F. lunisolaire.]

Defn: Resulting from the united action, or pertaining to the mutual relations, of the sun and moon. Lunisolar precession (Astron.), that portion of the annual precession of the equinoxes which depends on the joint action of the sun and moon. -- Lunisolar year, a period of time, at the end of which, in the Julian calendar, the new and full moons and the eclipses recur on the same days of the week and month and year as in the previous period. It consists of 532 common years, being the least common multiple of the numbers of years in the cycle of the sun and the cycle of the moon.

LUNISTICE Lu"ni*stice, n. Etym: [L. luna. moon + sistere to cause to stand. Cf. Solstice.] (Astron.)

Defn: The farthest point of the moon's northing and southing, in its monthly revolution. [Obs.]

LUNITIDAL Lu"ni*tid`al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to tidal movements dependent on the moon. Bache. Lunitidal interval. See Retard, n.

LUNT Lunt, n. Etym: [D. lont; akin to Dan. & G. lunte, Sw. lunta. Cf. Link a torch.]

1. The match cord formerly used in firing cannon.

2. A puff of smoke. [Scotch.] Burns.

LUNULA Lu"nu*la, n.; pl. Lunulæ. Etym: [L., prop., a little moon. See Lunule.] (Anat. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Lunule.

LUNULAR Lu"nu*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. lunulaire. See Lunula.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having a form like that of the new moon; shaped like a crescent.

LUNULATE; LUNULATED Lu"nu*late, Lu"nu*la`ted, a. Etym: [See Lunula.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling a small crescent. Gray.

LUNULE Lu"nule, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. lunula, dim. of luna moon.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Anything crescent-shaped; a crescent-shaped part or mark; a lunula, a lune.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A lune. See Lune.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) A small or narrow crescent. (b) A special area in front of the beak of many bivalve shells. It sometimes has the shape of a double crescent, but is oftener heart- shaped. See Illust. of Bivalve.

LUNULET Lu"nu*let, n. Etym: [Dim. of lunule.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small spot, shaped like a half-moon or crescent; as, the lunulet on the wings of many insects.

LUNULITE Lu"nu*lite, n. Etym: [Lunule + -life: cf. F. lunulithe. See Lunula.] (Paleon.)

Defn: Any bryozoan of the genus Lunulites, having a more or less circular form.

LUNY Lu"ny, a. Etym: [Shortened fr. lunatic.]

Defn: Crazy; mentally unsound. [Written also loony.] [Law, U.S.]

LUPERCAL Lu*per"cal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Lupercalia.

LUPERCAL Lu*per"cal, n.

Defn: A grotto on the Palatine Hill sacred to Lupercus, the Lycean Pan.

LUPERCALIA Lu`per*ca"li*a, n. pl. Etym: [L. luperealis, fr. Lupercus the Lycean Pan, so called fr. lupus a wolf, because he kept off the wolves.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A feast of the Romans in honor of Lupercus, or Pan.

LUPINE Lu"pine, n. Etym: [L. lupinus, lupinum, apparently fr. lupinus belonging to a wolf, fr. lupus a wolf; perh. so called because it was supposed to exhaust the soil: cf. F. lupin. Cf. Wolf.] (Bot.)

Defn: A leguminous plant of the genus Lupinus, especially L. albus, the seeds of which have been used for food from ancient times. The common species of the Eastern United States is L. perennis. There are many species in California.

LUPINE Lu"pine, a. Etym: [See Lupine, n.]

Defn: Wolfish; ravenous. Gauden.

LUPININ Lu"pin*in, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside found in the seeds of several species of lupine, and extracted as a yellowish white crystalline substance.

LUPININE Lu"pin*ine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid found in several species of lupine (Lupinus luteus, L. albus, etc.), and extracted as a bitter crystalline substance.

LUPULIN Lu"pu*lin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. lupulin. See Lupuline.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: A bitter principle extracted from hops.

2. The fine yellow resinous powder found upon the strobiles or fruit of hops, and containing this bitter principle. [Written also lupuline.]

LUPULINE Lu"pu*line, n. Etym: [NL. lupulus the hop, fr. L. lupus the hop: cf. F. lupuline.] (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid extracted from hops as a colorless volatile liquid.

LUPULINIC Lu`pu*lin"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, hops; specifically, designating an acid obtained by the decomposition of lupulin.

LUPUS Lu"pus, n. Etym: [L., a wolf. See Wolf.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: A cutaneous disease occurring under two distinct forms.

Note: Lupus erythematosus is characterized by an eruption of red patches, which become incrusted, leaving superficial scars. L. vulgaris is marked by the development of nodules which often ulcerate deeply and produce great deformity. Formerly the latter was often confounded with cancer, and some varieties of cancer were included under Lupus.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: The Wolf, a constellation situated south of Scorpio.

LURCATION Lur*ca"tion, n. Etym: [See its Lurch.]

Defn: Gluttony; gormandizing. [Obs.]

LURCH Lurch, v. i. Etym: [L. lurcare, lurcari.]

Defn: To swallow or eat greedily; to devour; hence, to swallow up. [Obs.] Too far off from great cities, which may hinder business; too near them, which lurcheth all provisions, and maketh everything dear. Bacon.

LURCH Lurch, n. Etym: [OF. lourche name of a game; as adj., deceived, embarrassed.]

1. An old game played with dice and counters; a variety of the game of tables.

2. A double score in cribbage for the winner when his adversary has been left in the lurch. Lady --- has cried her eyes out on losing a lurch. Walpole. To leave one in the lurch. (a) In the game of cribbage, to leave one's adversary so far behind that the game is won before he has scored thirty-one. (b) To leave one behind; hence, to abandon, or fail to stand by, a person in a difficulty. Denham. But though thou'rt of a different church, I will not leave thee in the lurch. Hudibras.

LURCH Lurch, v. t.

1. To leave in the lurch; to cheat. [Obs.] Never deceive or lurch the sincere communicant. South.

2. To steal; to rob. [Obs.] And in the brunt of seventeen battles since He lurched all swords of the garland. Shak.

LURCH Lurch, n. Etym: [Cf. W. llerch, llerc, a frisk, a frisking backward or forward, a loitering, a lurking, a lurking, llercian, llerciaw, to be idle, to frisk; or perh. fr. E. lurch to lurk.]

Defn: A sudden roll of a ship to one side, as in heavy weather; hence, a swaying or staggering movement to one side, as that by a drunken man. Fig.: A sudden and capricious inclination of the mind.

LURCH Lurch, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lurched; p. pr. & vb. n. Lurching.]

Defn: To roll or sway suddenly to one side, as a ship or a drunken man.

LURCH Lurch, v. i. Etym: [A variant of lurk.]

1. To withdraw to one side, or to a private place; to lurk. L'Estrange.

2. To dodge; to shift; to play tricks. I . . . am fain to shuffle, to hedge, and to lurch. Shak.

LURCHER Lurch"er, n. Etym: [See Lurch to lurk.]

1. One that lurches or lies in wait; one who watches to pilfer, or to betray or entrap; a poacher.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a mongrel breed of dogs said to have been a cross between the sheep dog, greyhound, and spaniel. It hunts game silently, by scent, and is often used by poachers.

LURCHER Lurch"er, n. Etym: [L. lurco, lurcho, a glutton. See 1st Lurch.]

Defn: A glutton; a gormandizer. [Obs.]

LURCHLINE Lurch"line`, n.

Defn: The line by which a fowling net was pulled over so as to inclose the birds.

LURDAN Lur"dan, a.

Defn: Stupid; blockish. [Obs.]

LURDAN Lur"dan, n. Etym: [OF. lourdin, fr. lourd heavy, dull, thick-headed. See Lord.]

Defn: A blockhead. [Obs.]

LURE Lure, n. Etym: [OF. loire, loirre, loerre, F. leurre lure, decoy; of German origin; cf. MHG. luoder, G. luder lure, carrion.]

1. A contrivance somewhat resembling a bird, and often baited with raw meat; -- used by falconers in recalling hawks. Shak.

2. Any enticement; that which invites by the prospect of advantage or pleasure; a decoy. Milton.

3. (Hat Making)

Defn: A velvet smoothing brush. Knight.

LURE Lure, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lured; p. pr. & vb. n. Luring.] Etym: [OF. loirer, loirier, F. leurrer. See Lure, n.]

Defn: To draw to the lure; hence, to allure or invite by means of anything that promises pleasure or advantage; to entice; to attract. I am not lured with love. Piers Plowman. And various science lures the learned eye. Gay.

LURE Lure, v. i.

Defn: To recall a hawk or other animal.

LURG Lurg, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large marine annelid (Nephthys cæca), inhabiting the sandy shores of Europe and America. It is whitish, with a pearly luster, and grows to the length of eight or ten inches.

LURID Lu"rid, a. Etym: [L. luridus.]

1. Pale yellow; ghastly pale; wan; gloomy; dismal. Fierce o'er their beauty blazed the lurid flame. Thomson. Wrapped in drifts of lurid smoke On the misty river tide. Tennyson.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a brown color tonged with red, as of flame seen through smoke.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of a color tinged with purple, yellow, and gray.

LURK Lurk, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lurked; p. pr. & vb. n. Lurking.] Etym: [OE. lurken, lorken, prob. a dim. from the source of E. lower to frown. See Lower, and cf. Lurch, a sudden roll, Lurch to lurk.]

1. To lie hid; to lie in wait. Like wild beasts, lurking in loathsome den. Spenser. Let us . . . lurk privily for the innocent. Prov. i. 11.

2. To keep out of sight. The defendant lurks and wanders about in Berks. Blackstone.

LURKER Lurk"er, n.

1. One who lurks.

2. A small fishing boat. [Prov. Eng.]

LURRY Lur"ry, n. Etym: [W. llwry precipitant, a provision.]

Defn: A confused heap; a throng, as of persons; a jumble, as of sounds. [Obs.] To turn prayer into a kind of lurry. Milton.

LUSCIOUS Lus"cious, a. Etym: [Prob. for lustious, fr. lusty, or perh. a corruption of luxurious. Cf. Lush, Lusty.]

1. Sweet; delicious; very grateful to the taste; toothsome; excessively sweet or rich. And raisins keep their luscious, native taste. Dryden.

2. Cloying; fulsome. He had a tedious, luscious way of talking. Jeffrey.

3. Gratifying a depraved sense; obscene. [R.] Steele. -- Lus"cious*ly, adv. -- Lus"cious*ness, n.

LUSERN Lu"sern, n. Etym: [F. loup-cervier, L. lupus cervarius.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A lynx. See 1st Lucern and Loup-cervier.

LUSH Lush, a. Etym: [Prob. an abbrev. of lushious, fr. luscious.]

Defn: Full of juice or succulence. Tennyson. How lush and lusty the grass looks! how green! Shak.

LUSHBURG Lush"burg, n.

Defn: See Lussheburgh. [Obs.]

LUSITANIAN Lu`si*ta"ni*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to Lusitania, the ancient name of the region almost coinciding with Portugal. -- n.

Defn: One of the people of Lusitania.

LUSK Lusk, a.

Defn: Lazy; slothful. [Obs.]

LUSK Lusk, n.

Defn: A lazy fellow; a lubber. [Obs.] T. Kendall.

LUSK Lusk, v. i.

Defn: To be idle or unemployed. [Obs.]

LUSKISH Lusk"ish, a.

Defn: Inclined to be lazy. Marston. -- Lusk"*ish*ly, adv. -Lusk"ish*ness, n. [Obs.] Spenser.

LUSORIOUS; LUSORY Lu*so"ri*ous, Lu"so*ry, a. Etym: [L. lusorius. See Illusory.]

Defn: Used in play; sportive; playful. [Obs.] Bp. Sanderson.

LUSSHEBURGH Lus"she*burgh, n.

Defn: A spurious coin of light weight imported into England from Luxemburg, or Lussheburgh, as it was formerly called. [Obs.] God wot, no Lussheburghes payen ye. Chaucer.

LUST Lust, n. Etym: [AS. lust, lust, pleasure, longing; akin to OS., D., G., & Sw. lust, Dan. & Icel. lyst, Goth lustus, and perh. tom Skr. lush to desire, or to E. loose. Cf. List to please, Listless.]

1. Pleasure [Obs.] " Lust and jollity." Chaucer.

2. Inclination; desire. [Obs.] For little lust had she to talk of aught. Spenser. My lust to devotion is little. Bp. Hall.

3. Longing desire; eagerness to possess or enjoy; -- in a had sense; as, the lust of gain. The lust of reigning. Milton.

4. Licentious craving; sexual appetite. Milton.

5. Hence: Virility; vigor; active power. [Obs.] Bacon.

LUST Lust, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Lusting.] Etym: [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]

1. To list; to like. [Obs.] Chaucer. " Do so if thou lust. " Latimer.

Note: In earlier usage lust was impersonal. In the water vessel he it cast When that him luste. Chaucer.

2. To have an eager, passionate, and especially an inordinate or sinful desire, as for the gratification of the sexual appetite or of covetousness; -- often with after. Whatsoever thy soul lusteth after. Deut. xii. 15. Whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her, hath committed adultery with her already in his heart. Matt. v. 28. The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy. James iv. 5.

LUSTER Lust"er, n.

Defn: One who lusts.

LUSTER; LUSTRE Lus"ter Lus"tre, n. Etym: [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]

Defn: A period of five years; a lustrum. Both of us have closed the tenth luster. Bolingbroke.

LUSTER; LUSTRE Lus"ter, Lus"tre, n. Etym: [F. lustre; cf. It. lustro; both fr. L. lustrare to purify, go about (like the priests at the lustral sacrifice), traverse, survey, illuminate, fr. lustrum a purificatory sacrifice; perh. akin to E. loose. But lustrare to illuminate is perh. a different word, and akin to L. lucere to be light or clear, to shine. See Lucid, and cf. Illustrious, Lustrum.]

1. Brilliancy; splendor; brightness; glitter. The right mark and very true luster of the diamond. Sir T. More. The scorching sun was mounted high, In all its luster, to the noonday sky. Addison.

Note: There is a tendency to limit the use of luster, in this sense, to the brightness of things which do not shine with their own light, or at least do not blaze or glow with heat. One speaks of the luster of a diamond, or of silk, or even of the stars, but not often now of the luster of the sun, a coal of fire, or the like.

2. Renown; splendor; distinction; glory. His ancestors continued about four hundred years, rather without obscurity than with any great luster. Sir H. Wotton.

3. A candlestick, chandelier, girandole, or the like, generally of an ornamental character. Pope.

4. (Min.)

Defn: The appearance of the surface of a mineral as affected by, or dependent upon, peculiarities of its reflecting qualities.

Note: The principal kinds of luster recognized are: metallic, adamantine, vitreous, resinous, greasy, pearly, and silky. With respect to intensity, luster is characterized as splendent, shining, glistening, glimmering, and dull.

5. A substance which imparts luster to a surface, as plumbago and some of the glazes.

6. A fabric of wool and cotton with a lustrous surface, -- used for women's dresses. Luster ware, earthenware decorated by applying to the glazing metallic oxides, which acquire brilliancy in the process of baking.

LUSTER; LUSTRE Lus"ter, Lus"tre, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lustred; p. pr. & vb. n. Lustering, or Lustring.]

Defn: To make lustrous. [R. & Poetic] Flooded and lustered with her loosened gold. Lowell.

LUSTERING Lus"ter*ing, n.

1. The act or process of imparting a luster, as to pottery.

2. The brightening of a metal in the crucible when it becomes pure, as in certain refining processes.

LUSTERLESS; LUSTRELESS Lus"ter*less, Lus"tre*less, a.

Defn: Destitute of luster; dim; dull.

LUSTFUL Lust"ful, a.

1. Full of lust; excited by lust Spenser. Tillotson.

2. Exciting lust; characterized by lust or sensuality. " Lustful orgies." Milton.

3. Strong; lusty. [Obs.] " Lustful health." Sackville.

Syn. -- sensual; fleshly; carnal; inordinate; licentious; lewd; unchaste; impure; libidinous; lecherous. -- Lust"ful*ly, adv. -- Lust"ful*ness, n.

LUSTIC Lus"tic, a.

Defn: Lusty; vigorous. [Obs.]

LUSTIHEAD Lus"ti*head, n. Etym: [Lusty + -head.]

Defn: See Lustihood. [Obs.] Chaucer.

LUSTIHOOD Lus"ti*hood, n. Etym: [Lusty + -hood.]

Defn: State of being lusty; vigor of body. " Full of lustihood." Tennyson.

LUSTILY Lus"ti*ly, adv.

Defn: In a lusty or vigorous manner.

LUSTINESS Lus"ti*ness, n.

Defn: State of being lusty; vigor; strength.

LUSTLESS Lust"less, a. Etym: [CF. Listless.]

1. Lacking vigor; weak; spiritless. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Free from sexual lust.

LUSTRAL Lus"tral, a. Etym: [L. lustralis, fr. lustrum: cf. F. lustral. See Lustrum.]

1. Of or pertaining to, or used for, purification; as, lustral days; lustral water.

2. Of or pertaining to a lustrum.

LUSTRATE Lus"trate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lustrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Lustrating.] Etym: [L. lustratus, p. p. of lustrare to lustrate, fr. lustrum. See Lustrum.]

Defn: To make clear or pure by means of a propitiatory offering; to purify. We must purge, and cleanse, and lustrate the whole city. Hammond.

LUSTRATION Lus*tra"tion, n. Etym: [L. lustratio: cf. F. lustration.]

1. The act of lustrating or purifying. And holy water for lustration bring. Dryden.

2. (Antiq.)

Defn: A sacrifice, or ceremony, by which cities, fields, armies, or people, defiled by crimes, pestilence, or other cause of uncleanness, were purified.

LUSTRE Lus"tre, n.

Defn: Same as Luster.

LUSTRICAL Lus"tri*cal, a. Etym: [L. lustricus, fr. lustrum. See Lustrum.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or used for, purification.

LUSTRING Lus"tring, n. Etym: [F. lustrine, It. lustrino, fr. lustrare to polish, L. lustrare. See 3d Luster, and cf. Lutestring.]

Defn: A kind of glossy silk fabric. See Lutestring.

LUSTROUS Lus"trous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. lustreux. See 3d Luster.]

Defn: Bright; shining; luminous. " Good sparks and lustrous." Shak. -- Lus"trous*ly, adv.

LUSTRUM Lus"trum, n.; pl. E. Lustrums, L. Lustra. Etym: [L. Cf. 2d & 3d Luster.]

Defn: A lustration or purification, especially the purification of the whole Roman people, which was made by the censors once in five years. Hence: A period of five years.

LUSTWORT Lust"wort` n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Sundew.

LUSTY Lust"y, a. [Compar. Lustier; superl. Lustiest.] Etym: [From Lust. See Lust, and cf. Luscious.]

1. Exhibiting lust or vigor; stout; strong; vigorous; robust; healthful; able of body. Neither would their old men, so many as were yet vigorous and lusty, be left at home. Milton.

2. Beautiful; handsome; pleasant. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. Of large size; big. [Obs.] " Three lusty vessels." Evelyn. Hence, sometimes, pregnant. [Obs. or Prov.]

4. Lustful; lascivious. [Obs.] Milton.

LUSUS NATURAE Lu"sus na*tu"ræ. Etym: [L., fr. lusus sport + naturae, gen. of natura nature.]

Defn: Sport or freak of nature; a deformed or unnatural production.

LUTANIST Lut"a*nist, n. Etym: [LL.lutanista, fr. lutana lute. See Lute the instrument.]

Defn: A person that plays on the lute. Johnson.

LUTARIOUS Lu*ta"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. lutarius fr. lutum mud.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or like, mud; living in mud. [Obs.] Grew.

LUTATION Lu*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. lutare, lutatum, to bedaub with mud, fr. lutum mud: cf. F. lutation.]

Defn: The act or method of luting vessels.

LUTE Lute, n. Etym: [L. lutum mud, clay: cf. OF. lut.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: A cement of clay or other tenacious infusible substance for sealing joints in apparatus, or the mouths of vessels or tubes, or for coating the bodies of retorts, etc., when exposed to heat; -- called also luting.

2. A packing ring, as of rubber, for fruit jars, etc.

3. (Brick Making)

Defn: A straight-edged piece of wood for striking off superfluous clay from mold.

LUTE Lute, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Luted; p. pr. & vb. n. Luting.]

Defn: To close or seal with lute; as, to lute on the cover of a crucible; to lute a joint.

LUTE Lute, n. Etym: [OF. leut, F. luth; skin to Pr. laút, It. liúto, leúto, Sp. laúd, Pg. alaude; all fr. Ar. al'; al the + ' wood, timber, trunk or branch of a tree, staff, stick, wood of aloes, lute or harp.] (Mus.)

Defn: A stringed instrument formerly much in use. It consists of four parts, namely, the table or front, the body, having nine or ten ribs or "sides," arranged like the divisions of a melon, the neck, which has nine or ten frets or divisions, and the head, or cross, in which the screws for tuning are inserted. The strings are struck with the right hand, and with the left the stops are pressed.

LUTE Lute, v. i.

Defn: To sound, as a lute. Piers Plowman. Keats.

LUTE Lute, v. t.

Defn: To play on a lute, or as on a lute. Knaves are men That lute and flute fantastic tenderness. Tennyson.

LUTE-BACKED Lute"-backed`, a.

Defn: Having a curved spine.

LUTECIUM Lu*te"ci*um, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A metallic element separated from ytterbium in 1907, by Urbain in Paris and by von Welsbach in Vienna. Symbol, Lu; at. wt. 174.0.

LUTEIC Lu*te"ic, a. (Chem.) (a) Pertaining to, or derived from, weld (Reseda luteola). (b) Pertaining to, or designating, an acid resembling luteolin, but obtained from the flowers of Euphorbia cyparissias.

LUTEIN Lu"te*in, n. Etym: [From corpus luteum.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A substance of a strongly marked yellow color, extracted from the yelk of eggs, and from the tissue of the corpus luteum.

LUTENIST Lut"e*nist, n.

Defn: Same as Lutanist.

LUTEO- Lu"te*o-. Etym: [L. luteus.] (Chem.)

Defn: A combining form signifying orange yellow or brownish yellow.

LUTEOCOBALTIC Lu"te*o*co*balt"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, certain compounds of cobalt having a yellow color. Cf. Cobaltic. Luteocobaltic chloride (Chem.), a brilliant reddish yellow crystalline compound, Co2Cl6(NH3)12, obtained by the action of ammonium chloride on an ammoniacal solution of cobaltic chloride.

LUTEOLIN Lu"te*o*lin, n. Etym: [From NL. Reseda luteola, fr. L. luteolus yellowish, fr. luteus: cf. F. lutéoline. See Luteous.] (Chem.)

Defn: A yellow dyestuff obtained from the foliage of the dyer's broom (Reseda luteola).

LUTEOUS Lu"te*ous, a. Etym: [L. luteus, fr. lutum dyer's broom, weld, which is used as a yellow dye.]

Defn: Yellowish; more or less like buff.

LUTER Lut"er, n. Etym: [From 3d Lute.]

Defn: One who plays on a lute.

LUTER Lut"er, n. Etym: [From Ist Lute.]

Defn: One who applies lute.

LUTESCENT Lu*tes"cent, a. Etym: [L. luteus yellow.]

Defn: Of a yellowish color.

LUTESTRING Lute"string`, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. lustring.]

Defn: A plain, stout, lustrous silk, used for ladies' dresses and for ribbon. Goldsmith.

LUTH Luth, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The leatherback.

LUTHERAN Lu"ther*an, a. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to Luther; adhering to the doctrines of Luther or the Lutheran Church.

LUTHERAN Lu"ther*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One who accepts or adheres to the doctrines of Luther or the Lutheran Church.

LUTHERANISM; LUTHERISM Lu"ther*an*ism, Lu"ther*ism, n.

Defn: The doctrines taught by Luther or held by the Lutheran Church.

LUTHERN Lu"thern, n. Etym: [F. lucarne a dormer, dormer window, garret window, L. lucerna lamp, fr. lucere to be light or clear, fr. lux light. See Light, n., and cf. Lucarne.] (Arch.)

Defn: A dormer window. See Dormer.

LUTIDINE Lu"ti*dine, n. Etym: [From toluidine, by transposition.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of several metameric alkaloids, C5H3N.(CH3)2, of the pyridine series, obtained from bone oil as liquids, and having peculiar pungent odors. These alkaloids are also called respectively dimethyl pyridine, ethyl pyridine, etc.

LUTING Lut"ing, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Lute, a cement.

LUTIST Lut"ist, n.

Defn: One who plays on a lute.

LUTOSE Lu*tose", a. Etym: [L. lutosus, fr. lutum mud.]

Defn: Covered with clay; miry.

LUTULENCE Lu"tu*lence, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being lutulent.

LUTULENT Lu"tu*lent, a. Etym: [L. lutulentus, fr. lutum mud.]

Defn: Muddy; turbid; thick. [Obs.]

LUWACK Lu*wack", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Paradoxure.

LUX Lux, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. luxer. See Luxate.]

Defn: To put out of joint; to luxate. [Obs.]

LUXATE Lux"ate, a. Etym: [L. luxatus, p. p. of luxare to dislocate.]

Defn: Luxated. [Obs.]

LUXATE Lux"ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Luxated; p. pr. & vb. n. Luxating.]

Defn: To displace, or remove from its proper place, as a joint; to put out of joint; to dislocate.

LUXATION Lux*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. luxatio: cf. F. luxation.]

Defn: The act of luxating, or the state of being luxated; a dislocation.

LUXE Luxe, n. Etym: [L. luxus: cf. F. luxe.]

Defn: Luxury. [Obs.] Shenstone. Édition de luxe (. Etym: [F.] (Printing) A sumptuous edition as regards paper, illustrations, binding, etc.

LUXIVE Lux"ive, a.

Defn: Given to luxury; voluptuous. [Obs.]

LUXULLIANITE Lux*ul"li*an*ite, n. Etym: [So called from Luxullian, in Cornwall.] (Min.)

Defn: A kind of granite from Luxullian, Cornwall, characterized by the presence of radiating groups of minute tourmaline crystals.

LUXURIANCE Lux*u"ri*ance, n. Etym: [Cf. F. luxuriance.]

Defn: The state or quality of being luxuriant; rank, vigorous growth; excessive abundance produced by rank growth. "Tropical luxuriance." B. Taylor.

LUXURIANCY Lux*u"ri*an*cy, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being luxuriant; luxuriance. Flowers grow up in the garden in the greatest luxuriancy and profusion. Spectator.

LUXURIANT Lux*u"ri*ant, a. Etym: [L. luxurians, p. pr. of luxuriare: cf. F. luxuriant. See Luxuriate.]

Defn: Exuberant in growth; rank; excessive; very abundant; as, a luxuriant growth of grass; luxuriant foliage. Prune the luxuriant, the uncouth refine. Pope. Luxuriant flower (Bot.), one in which the floral envelopes are overdeveloped at the expense of the essential organs.

LUXURIANTLY Lux*u"ri*ant*ly, adv.

Defn: In a luxuriant manner.

LUXURIATE Lux*u"ri*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Luxuriated; p. pr. & vb. n. Luxuriating.] Etym: [L. luxuriatus, p. p. of luxuriari, -are, to luxuriate. See Luxury.]

1. To grow exuberantly; to grow to superfluous abundance. " Corn luxuriates in a better mold." Burton.

2. To feed or live luxuriously; as, the herds luxuriate in the pastures.

3. To indulge with unrestrained delight and freedom; as, to luxuriate in description.

LUXURIATION Lux*u`ri*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process luxuriating.

LUXURIETY Lux`u*ri"e*ty, n.

Defn: Luxuriance. [Obs.]

LUXURIOUS Lux*u"ri*ous, a. Etym: [L. luxuriosus: cf. F. luxurieux. See Luxury.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to luxury; ministering to luxury; supplied with the conditions of luxury; as, a luxurious life; a luxurious table; luxurious ease. " Luxurious cities. " Milton. -- Lux*u"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Lux*u"ri*ous*ness, n.

LUXURIST Lux"u*rist, n.

Defn: One given to luxury. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.

LUXURY Lux"u*ry, n.; pl. Luxuries. Etym: [L. luxuria, fr. luxus: cf. F. luxure.]

1. A free indulgence in costly food, dress, furniture, or anything expensive which gratifies the appetites or tastes. Riches expose a man to pride and luxury. Spectator.

2. Anything which pleases the senses, and is also costly, or difficult to obtain; an expensive rarity; as, silks, jewels, and rare fruits are luxuries; in some countries ice is a great luxury. He cut the side of a rock for a garden, and, by laying on it earth, furnished out a kind of luxury for a hermit. Addison.

3. Lechery; lust. [Obs.] Shak. Luxury is in wine and drunkenness. Chaucer.

4. Luxuriance; exuberance. [Obs.] Bacon.

Syn. -- Voluptuousness; epicurism; effeminacy; sensuality; lasciviousness; dainty; delicacy; gratification.

LUZ Luz, n.

Defn: A bone of the human body which was supposed by certain Rabbinical writers to be indestructible. Its location was a matter of dispute. Brande & C.

-LY -ly. Etym: [OE. -lich, AS. -lic, orig. the same word as E. li, a. See Like, a.]

Defn: A suffix forming adjectives and adverbs, and denoting likeness or resemblance.

LYAM Ly"am, n. Etym: [See Leam.]

Defn: A leash. [Obs.]

LYCANTHROPE Ly"can*thrope, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. A human being fabled to have been changed into a wolf; a werewolf.

2. One affected with lycanthropy.

LYCANTHROPIA Ly`can*thro"pi*a, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: See Lycanthropy, 2.

LYCANTHROPIC Ly`can*throp"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to lycanthropy.

LYCANTHROPIST Ly*can"thro*pist, n.

Defn: One affected by the disease lycanthropy.

LYCANTHROPOUS Ly*can"thro*pous, a.

Defn: Lycanthropic.

LYCANTHROPY Ly*can"thro*py, n. Etym: [Gr. lycanthropie.]

1. The supposed act of turning one's self or another person into a wolf. Lowell.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A kind of erratic melancholy, in which the patient imagines himself a wolf, and imitates the actions of that animal.

LYCEE Ly`cée", n. [F. Cf. Lyceum.]

Defn: A French lyceum, or secondary school supported by the French government, for preparing students for the university.

LYCEUM Ly*ce"um, n.; pl. E. Lyceums, L. Lycea. Etym: [L. lyceum, Gr. Wolf.]

1. A place of exercise with covered walks, in the suburbs of Athens, where Aristotle taught philosophy.

2. A house or apartment appropriated to instruction by lectures or disquisitions.

3. A higher school, in Europe, which prepares youths for the university.

4. An association for debate and literary improvement.

LYCHE Lyche, a.

Defn: Like. [Obs.] Chaucer.

LYCHEE Ly"chee`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Litchi.

LYCH GATE Lych" gate`

Defn: . See under Lich.

LYCHNIS Lych"nis, n. Etym: [L., a kind of red flower, Gr. lychni`s; cf. ly`chnos a lamp.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of Old World plants belonging to the Pink family (Caryophyllaceæ). Most of the species have brilliantly colored flowers and cottony leaves, which may have anciently answered as wicks for lamps. The botanical name is in common use for the garden species. The corn cockle (Lychnis Githago) is a common weed in wheat fields.

LYCHNOBITE Lych"no*bite, n. Etym: [Gr. ly`chnos a lamp + bi`os life.]

Defn: One who labors at night and sleeps in the day.

LYCHNOSCOPE Lych"no*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.] (Arch.)

Defn: Same as Low side window, under Low, a.

LYCINE Lyc"ine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A weak base identical with betaine; -- so called because found in the boxthorn (Lycium barbarum). See Betaine.

LYCOPERDON Ly`co*per"don, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of fungi, remarkable for the great quantity of spores, forming a fine dust, which is thrown out like smoke when the plant is compressed or burst; puffball.

LYCOPOD Ly"co*pod, n. Etym: [Cf. F. lycopode.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Lycopodium.

LYCOPODE Ly"co*pode, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: Same as Lycopodium powder. See under Lycopodium.

LYCOPODIACEOUS Ly`co*po`di*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Belonging, or relating, to the Lycopodiaceæ, an order of cryptogamous plants (called also club mosses) with branching stems, and small, crowded, one-nerved, and usually pointed leaves.

LYCOPODITE Ly*cop"o*dite, n. (Paleon.)

Defn: An old name for a fossil club moss.

LYCOPODIUM Ly`co*po"di*um, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of mosslike plants, the type of the order Lycopodiaceæ; club moss. Lycopodium powder, a fine powder or dust composed of the spores of Lycopodium, and other plants of the order Lycopodiaceæ. It is highly inflammable, and is sometimes used in the manufacture of fireworks, and the artificial representation of lightning.

LYCOTROPOUS Ly*cot"ro*pous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Campylotropous.

LYDDITE Lydd"ite, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A high explosive consisting principally of picric acid, used as a shell explosive in the British service; -- so named from the proving grounds at Lydd, England.

LYDEN Lyd"en, n.

Defn: See Leden. [Obs.] Chaucer.

LYDIAN Lyd"i*an, a. Etym: [L. Lydius, fr. Lydia, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Lydia, a country of Asia Minor, or to its inhabitants; hence, soft; effeminate; -- said especially of one of the ancient Greek modes or keys, the music in which was of a soft, pathetic, or voluptuous character. Softly sweet in Lydian measures, Soon he soothed his soul to pleasures. Dryden. Lydian stone, a flint slate used by the ancients to try gold and silver; a touchstone. See Basanite.

LYDINE Lyd"ine, n. (Dyeing)

Defn: A violet dye derived from aniline.

LYE Lye, n. [Written also lie and ley.] Etym: [AS. leáh; akin to D. loog, OHG. louga, G. lauge; cf. Icel. laug a bath, a hot spring.]

Defn: A strong caustic alkaline solution of potassium salts, obtained by leaching wood ashes. It is much used in making soap, etc.

LYE Lye, n. (Railroad)

Defn: A short side line, connected with the main line; a turn-out; a siding. [Eng.]

LYE Lye, n.

Defn: A falsehood. [Obs.] See Lie.

LYENCEPHALA Ly`en*ceph"a*la, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of Mammalia, including the marsupials and monotremes; - - so called because the corpus callosum is rudimentary.

LYENCEPHALOUS Ly`en*ceph"a*lous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the Lyencephala.

LYERMAN Ly"er*man, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The cicada.

LYGODIUM Ly*go"di*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of ferns with twining or climbing fronds, bearing stalked and variously-lobed divisions in pairs.

Note: Lygodium palmatum, much prized for indoor ornament, inhabits shaded and moist grassy places, from Massachusetts to Virginia and Kentucky, and sparingly southwards.

LYING Ly"ing, p. pr. & vb. n.

Defn: of Lie, to tell a falsehood.

LYING Ly"ing, p. pr. & vb. n.

Defn: of Lie, to be supported horizontally. Lying panel (Arch.), a panel in which the grain of the wood is horizontal. [R.] -- Lying to (Naut.), having the sails so disposed as to counteract each other.

LYING-IN Ly"ing-in", n.

1. The state attending, and consequent to, childbirth; confinement.

2. The act of bearing a child.

LYINGLY Ly"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a lying manner; falsely.

LYKEN Ly"ken, v. t. Etym: [See Like, v. t. ]

Defn: To please; -- chiefly used impersonally. [Obs.] " Sith it lyketh you." Chaucer.

LYM; LYMHOUND Lym, or; Lym"hound`, n.

Defn: A dog held in a leam; a bloodhound; a limehound. [Obs.] Shak.

LYMAIL Ly*mail", n.

Defn: See Limaille. [Obs.] Chaucer.

LYME GRASS Lyme" grass`. (Bot.)

Defn: A coarse perennial grass of several species of Elymus, esp. E. Canadensis, and the European E. arenarius.

LYMPH Lymph, n. Etym: [L. lympha: cf. F. lymphe.]

1. A spring of water; hence, water, or a pure, transparent liquid like water. A fountain bubbled up, whose lymph serene Nothing of earthly mixture might distain. Trench.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: An alkaline colorless fluid, contained in the lymphatic vessels, coagulable like blood, but free from red blood corpuscles. It is absorbed from the various tissues and organs of the body, and is finally discharged by the thoracic and right lymphatic ducts into the great veins near the heart.

3. (Med.)

Defn: A fibrinous material exuded from the blood vessels in inflammation. In the process of healing it is either absorbed, or is converted into connective tissue binding the inflamed surfaces together. Lymph corpuscles (Anat.), finely granular nucleated cells, identical with the colorless blood corpuscles, present in the lymph and chyle. -- Lymph duct (Anat.), a lymphatic. -- Lymph heart. See Note under Heart, n., 1.

LYMPHADENITIS Lym`pha*de*ni"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Lymph, and Adenitis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the lymphatic glands; -- called also lymphitis.

LYMPHADENOMA Lym`pha*de*no"ma, n. Etym: [NL. See Lymph, Aden-, and -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: See Lymphoma.

LYMPHANGEITIS Lym*phan`ge*i"tis, n. Etym: [NL., from L. lympha lymph + Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the lymphatic vessels. [Written also lymphangitis.]

LYMPHANGIAL Lym*phan"gi*al, a. Etym: [See Lymphangeitis.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the lymphatics, or lymphoid tissue; lymphatic.

LYMPHATE; LYMPHATED Lymph"ate, Lymph"a*ted, a. Etym: [L. lymphatus, p. p. of lymphare to water, dilute with water, to drive out of one's senses, to make mad.]

Defn: Frightened into madness; raving. [Obs.]

LYMPHATIC Lym*phat"ic, a. Etym: [L. lymphaticus distracted, frantic: cf. F. lymphatique]

Defn: pertaining to, containing, or conveying lymph.

2. Madly enthusiastic; frantic. [Obs.] " Lymphatic rapture. " Sir T. Herbert. Etym: [See Lymphate.] Lymphatic gland (Anat.), one of the solid glandlike bodies connected with the lymphatics or the lacteals; -- called also lymphatic ganglion, and conglobate gland. -- Lymphatic temperament (Old Physiol.), a temperament in which the lymphatic system seems to predominate, that is, a system in which the complexion lacks color and the tissues seem to be of loose texture; hence, a temperament lacking energy, inactive, indisposed to exertion or excitement. See Temperament.

LYMPHATIC Lym*phat"ic, n.

1. (Anat.)

Defn: One of the lymphatic or absorbent vessels, which carry lymph and discharge it into the veins; lymph duct; lymphatic duct.

2. A mad enthusiast; a lunatic. [Obs.]

LYMPHITIS Lym*phi"tis, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)

Defn: See Lymphadenitis.

LYMPH NODE Lymph node. (Anat.)

Defn: A lymphatic gland.

M.

LYMPHOGENIC Lym`pho*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Lymph + root of L. gignere to produce.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Connected with, or formed in, the lymphatic glands.

LYMPHOGRAPHY Lym*phog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Lymph + -graphy.]

Defn: A description of the lymphatic vessels, their origin and uses.

LYMPHOID Lymph"oid, a. Etym: [Lymph + -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Resembling lymph; also, resembling a lymphatic gland; adenoid; as, lymphoid tissue.

LYMPHOMA Lym*pho"ma, n. Etym: [NL. See Lymph, and -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: A tumor having a structure resembling that of a lymphatic gland; -- called also lymphadenoma. Malignant lymphoma, a fatal disease characterized by the formation in various parts of the body of new growths resembling lymphatic glands in structure.

LYMPHY Lymph"y, a.

Defn: Containing, or like, lymph.

LYN Lyn, n.

Defn: A waterfall. See Lin. [Scot.]

LYNCEAN Lyn*ce"an, a. Etym: [See Lynx.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the lynx.

LYNCH Lynch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Lynched; p. pr. & vb. n. Lynching.] Etym: [See Note under Lynch law.]

Defn: To inflict punishment upon, especially death, without the forms of law, as when a mob captures and hangs a suspected person. See Lynch law.

LYNCHER Lynch"er, n.

Defn: One who assists in lynching.

LYNCH LAW Lynch" law`

Defn: . The act or practice by private persons of inflicting punishment for crimes or offenses, without due process of law.

Note: The term Lynch law is said to be derived from a Virginian named Lynch, who took the law into his own hands. But the origin of the term is very doubtful.

LYNDE; LYNDEN Lynde, Lyn"den, n.

Defn: See Linden.

LYNE Lyne, n.

Defn: Linen. [Obs.] Spenser.

LYNX Lynx, n. Etym: [L. lynx, lyncis, Gr. lox, G. luchs, prob. named from its sharp sight, and akin to E. light. See Light, n., and cf. Ounce an animal.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of feline animals of the genus Felis, and subgenus Lynx. They have a short tail, and usually a pencil of hair on the tip of the ears.

Note: Among the well-known species are the European lynx (Felis borealis); the Canada lynx or loup-cervier (F. Canadensis); the bay lynx of America (F. rufa), and its western spotted variety (var. maculata); and the pardine lynx (F. pardina) of Southern Europe.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: One of the northern constellations.

LYNX-EYED Lynx"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Having acute sight.

LYONNAISE Ly`on`naise", a. Etym: [F. lyonnaise, fem. of lyonnais of Lyons.] (Cookery)

Defn: Applied to boiled potatoes cut into small pieces and heated in oil or butter. They are usually flavored with onion and parsley.

LYOPOMATA Ly`o*po"ma*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of brachiopods, in which the valves of shell are not articulated by a hinge. It includes the Lingula, Discina, and allied forms. [Written also Lyopoma.]

LYRA Ly"ra, n. Etym: [L. lyra, Gr. Lyre.]

1. (Astron.)

Defn: A northern constellation, the Harp, containing a white star of the first magnitude, called Alpha Lyræ, or Vega.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The middle portion of the ventral surface of the fornix of the brain; -- so called from the arrangement of the lines with which it is marked in the human brain.

LYRAID Ly"ra*id, n. (Astron.)

Defn: Same as Lyrid.

LYRATE; LYRATED Ly"rate, Ly"ra*ted, a. Etym: [NL. lyratus. See Lyre.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Lyre-shaped, or spatulate and oblong, with small lobes toward the base; as, a lyrate leaf.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Shaped like a lyre, as the tail of the blackcock, or that of the lyre bird.

LYRE Lyre, n. Etym: [OE. lire, OF. lyre, L. lyra, Gr. Lyra.]

1. (Mus.)

Defn: A stringed instrument of music; a kind of harp much used by the ancients, as an accompaniment to poetry.

Note: The lyre was the peculiar instrument of Apollo, the tutelary god of music and poetry. It gave name to the species of verse called lyric, to which it originally furnished an accompaniment

2. (Astron.)

Defn: One of the constellations; Lyra. See Lyra. Lyre bat (Zoöl.), a small bat (Megaderma lyra), inhabiting India and Ceylon. It is remarkable for the enormous size and curious shape of the nose membrane and ears. -- Lyre turtle (Zoöl.), the leatherback.

LYRE BIRD Lyre" bird`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of two or three species of Australian birds of the genus Menura. The male is remarkable for having the sixteen tail feathers very long and, when spread, arranged in the form of a lyre. The common lyre bird (Menura superba), inhabiting New South Wales, is about the size of a grouse. Its general color is brown, with rufous color on the throat, wings, tail coverts and tail. Called also lyre pheasant and lyre-tail.

LYRIC; LYRICAL Lyr"ic, Lyr"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. lyricus, Gr. lyrique. See Lyre.]

1. Of or pertaining to a lyre or harp.

2. Fitted to be sung to the lyre; hence, also, appropriate for song; -- said especially of poetry which expresses the individual emotions of the poet. "Sweet lyric song." Milton.

LYRIC Lyr"ic, n.

1. A lyric poem; a lyrical composition.

2. A composer of lyric poems. [R.] Addison.

3. A verse of the kind usually employed in lyric poetry; -- used chiefly in the plural. 4. pl.

Defn: The words of a song.

LYRICALLY Lyr"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a lyrical manner.

LYRICISM Lyr"i*cism, n.

Defn: A lyric composition. Gray.

LYRID Ly"rid, n. (Astron.)

Defn: One of the group of shooting stars which come into the air in certain years on or about the 19th of April; -- so called because the apparent path among the stars the stars if produced back wards crosses the constellation Lyra.

LYRIE Ly"rie, n. Etym: [Icel. hl a sort of fish.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European fish (Peristethus cataphractum), having the body covered with bony plates, and having three spines projecting in front of the nose; -- called also noble, pluck, pogge, sea poacher, and armed bullhead.

LYRIFEROUS Ly*rif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Lyre + -ferous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a lyre-shaped shoulder girdle, as certain fishes.

LYRISM Lyr"ism, n. Etym: [Cf. Gr.

Defn: The act of playing on a lyre or harp. G. Eliot.

LYRIST Lyr"ist, n. Etym: [L. lyristes, Gr. lyriste.]

Defn: A musician who plays on the harp or lyre; a composer of lyrical poetry. Shelley.

LYSIMETER Ly*sim"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the water that percolates through a certain depth of soil. Knight.

LYSIS Ly"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The resolution or favorable termination of a disease, coming on gradually and not marked by abrupt change.

Note: It is usually contrasted with crisis, in which the improvement is sudden and marked; as, pneumonia ends by crisis, typhoid fever by lysis.

LYSSA Lys"sa, n. Etym: [NL. See Lytta.] (Med.)

Defn: Hydrophobia.

Note: The plural (Lyssæ) has been used to signify the pustules supposed to be developed under the tongue in hydrophobia.

LYTERIAN Ly*te"ri*an, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Termination a disease; indicating the end of a disease.

LYTHE Lythe, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European pollack; -- called also laith, and leet. [Scot.]

LYTHE Lythe, a. Etym: [See Lithe, a.]

Defn: Soft; flexible. [Obs.] Spenser.

LYTHONTHRIPTIC; LYTHONTRIPTIC Lyth`on*thrip"tic, Lyth`on*trip"*tic, a. (Med.)

Defn: See Lithontriptic.

LYTTA Lyt"ta, n.; pl. Lyttæ. Etym: [L., a worm said to grow under the tongue of dogs, and to cause canine madness, fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A fibrous and muscular band lying within the longitudinal axis of the tongue in many mammals, as the dog.

M M (em).

1. M, the thirteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant, and from the manner of its formation, is called the labio- nasal consonant. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 178-180, 242.

The letter M came into English from the Greek, through the Latin, the form of the Greek letter being further derived from the Phonician, and ultimately, it is believed, from the Egyptian. Etymologically M is related to n, in lime, linden; emmet, ant; also to b.

M is readily followed by b and p. the position of the lips in the formation of both letters being the same. The relation of b and m is the same as that of d and t to n. and that of g and k to ng.

2. As a numeral, M stands for one thousand, both in English and Latin.

M M, n.

1. (Print.) A quadrat, the face or top of which is a perfect square; also, the size of such a square in any given size of type, used as the unit of measurement for that type: 500 m's of pica would be a piece of matter whose length and breadth in pica m's multiplied together produce that number. [Written also em.]

2. (law) A brand or stigma, having the shape of an M, formerly impressed on one convicted of manslaughter and admitted to the benefit of clergy.

M roof (Arch.), a kind of roof formed by the junction of two common roofs with a valley between them, so that the section resembles the letter M.

MA Ma (mä), n. [Cf. Mamma.]

1. A child's word for mother.

2. [Hind.] In Oriental countries, a respectful form of address given to a woman; mother. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

MA Ma, conj. [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: But; -- used in cautionary phrases; as, "Vivace, ma non troppo presto" (i. e., lively, but not too quick). Moore (Encyc. of Music).

MAA Maa, n. [See New a gull.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The common European gull (Larus canus); -- called also mar. See New, a gull.

MAAD Maad, obs. p. p. of Make.

Defn: Made. Chaucer.

MAALIN Maa"lin, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The sparrow hawk. (b) The kestrel.

MA'AM Ma'am, n.

Defn: Madam; my lady; -- a colloquial contraction of madam often used in direct address, and sometimes as an appellation.

MAARA SHELL Ma"a*ra shell`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, pearly, spiral, marine shell (Turbo margaritaceus), from the Pacific Islands. It is used as an ornament.

MAASHA Ma*ash"a, n.

Defn: An East Indian coin, of about one tenth of the weight of a rupee.

MAAT Maat, a. [See Mate, a.]

Defn: Dejected; sorrowful; downcast. [Obs.] "So piteous and so maat." Chaucer.

MAB Mab (mab), n. [Cf. W. mad a male child, a boy.]

1. A slattern. [Prov. Eng.]

2. The name of a female fairy, esp. the queen of the fairies; and hence, sometimes, any fairy. Shak.

MABBLE Mab"ble, v. t.

Defn: To wrap up. [Obs.]

MABBY Mab"by, n.

Defn: A spirituous liquor or drink distilled from potatoes; -- used in the Barbadoes.

MABOLO Ma*bo"lo, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of persimmon tree (Diospyros discolor) from the Philippine Islands, now introduced into the East and West Indies. It bears an edible fruit as large as a quince.

MAC Mac. [Gael., son.]

Defn: A prefix, in names of Scotch origin, signifying son.

MACACO Ma*ca"co, n. [Cf. Pg. macaco.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of lemurs, as the ruffed lemur (Lemur macaco), and the ring-tailed lemur (L. catta).

MACACUS Ma*ca"cus, n. [NL., a word of African origin. Cf. Macaco, Macaque.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of monkeys, found in Asia and the East Indies. They have short tails and prominent eyebrows.

MACADAMIZATION Mac*ad`am*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The process or act of macadamizing.

MACADAMIZE Mac*ad"am*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Macadamized; p. pr. & vb. n. Macadamizing.] [From John Loudon McAdam, who introduced the process into Great Britain in 1816.]

Defn: To cover, as a road, or street, with small, broken stones, so as to form a smooth, hard, convex surface.

MACADAM ROAD Mac*ad"am road`. [See Macadamize.]

Defn: A macadamized road.

MACAO Ma*ca"o, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A macaw.

MACAQUE Ma`caque", n. [F. See Macacus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of short-tailed monkeys of the genus Macacus; as, M. maurus, the moor macaque of the East Indies.

MACARANGA GUM Mac`a*ran"ga gum`.

Defn: A gum of a crimson color, obtained from a tree (Macaranga Indica) that grows in the East Indies. It is used in taking impressions of coins, medallions, etc., and sometimes as a medicine. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

MACARIZE Mac"a*rize, v. t. [Gr. to bless.]

Defn: To congratulate. [Oxford Univ. Cant] Whately.

MACARONI Mac`a*ro"ni, n.; pl. Macaronis (#), or Macaronies. [Prov. It. macaroni, It. maccheroni, fr. Gr. happiness, later, a funeral feast, fr. blessed, happy. Prob. so called because eaten at such feasts in honor of the dead; cf. Gr. blessed, i. e., dead. Cf. Macaroon.]

1. Long slender tubes made of a paste chiefly of wheat flour, and used as an article of food; Italian or Genoese paste.

A paste similarly prepared is largely used as food in Persia, India, and China, but is not commonly made tubular like the Italian macaroni. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

2. A medley; something droll or extravagant.

3. A sort of droll or fool. [Obs.] Addison.

4. A finical person; a fop; -- applied especially to English fops of about 1775. Goldsmith.

5. pl. (U. S. Hist.) The designation of a body of Maryland soldiers in the Revolutionary War, distinguished by a rich uniform. W. Irving.

MACARONIAN; MACARONIC Mac`a*ro"ni*an, Mac`a*ron"ic, a. [Cf. It. maccheronico, F. macaronique.]

1. Pertaining to, or like, macaroni (originally a dish of mixed food); hence, mixed; confused; jumbled.

2. Of or pertaining to the burlesque composition called macaronic; as, macaronic poetry.

MACARONIC Mac`a*ron"ic, n.

1. A heap of thing confusedly mixed together; a jumble.

2. A kind of burlesque composition, in which the vernacular words of one or more modern languages are intermixed with genuine Latin words, and with hybrid formed by adding Latin terminations to other roots.

MACAROON Mac`a*roon", n. [F. macaron, It. maccherone. See Macaroni.]

1. A small cake, composed chiefly of the white of eggs, almonds, and sugar.

2. A finical fellow, or macaroni. [Obs.]

MACARTNEY Ma*cart"ney, n. [From Lord Macartney.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fire-backed pheasant. See Fireback.

MACASSAR OIL Ma*cas`sar oil".

Defn: A kind of oil formerly used in dressing the hair; -- so called because originally obtained from Macassar, a district of the Island of Celebes. Also, an imitation of the same, of perfumed castor oil and olive oil.

MACAUCO Ma*cau"co, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several species of small lemurs, as Lemur murinus, which resembles a rat in size.

MACAVAHU Ma`ca*va"hu, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small Brazilian monkey (Callithrix torquatus), -- called also collared teetee.

MACAW Ma*caw", n. [From the native name in the Antilles.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any parrot of the genus Sittace, or Macrocercus. About eighteen species are known, all of them American. They are large and have a very long tail, a strong hooked bill, and a naked space around the eyes. The voice is harsh, and the colors are brilliant and strongly contrasted.

Macaw bush (Bot.), a West Indian name for a prickly kind of nightshade (Solanum mammosum). --Macaw palm, Macaw tree (Bot.), a tropical American palm (Acrocomia fusiformis and other species) having a prickly stem and pinnately divided leaves. Its nut yields a yellow butter, with the perfume of violets, which is used in making violet soap. Called also grugru palm.

MACCABEAN Mac`ca*be"an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Judas Maccabeus or to the Maccabees; as, the Maccabean princes; Maccabean times.

MACCABEES Mac"ca*bees, n. pl.

1. The name given in later times to the Asmonæans, a family of Jewish patriots, who headed a religious revolt in the reign of Antiochus IV., 168-161 B. C., which led to a period of freedom for Israel. Schaff-Herzog.

2. The name of two ancient historical books, which give accounts of Jewish affairs in or about the time of the Maccabean princes, and which are received as canonical books in the Roman Catholic Church, but are included in the Apocrypha by Protestants. Also applied to three books, two of which are found in some MSS. of the Septuagint.

MACCABOY; MACCOBOY Mac"ca*boy, Mac"co*boy, n. Etym: [From a district in the Island of Martinique where it is made: cf. F. macouba.]

Defn: A kind of snuff.

MACCO Mac"co, n.

Defn: A gambling game in vogue in the eighteenth century. Thackeray.

MACE Mace, n. Etym: [Jav. & Malay. mas, fr. Skr. masha a bean.]

Defn: A money of account in China equal to one tenth of a tael; also, a weight of 57.98 grains. S. W. Williams.

MACE Mace, n. Etym: [F. macis, L. macis, macir, Gr. makaranda the nectar or honey of a flower, a fragrant mango.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of spice; the aril which partly covers nutmegs. See Nutmeg.

Note: Red mace is the aril of Myristica tingens, and white mace that of M. Otoba, -- East Indian trees of the same genus with the nutmeg tree.

MACE Mace, n. Etym: [OF. mace, F. masse, from (assumed) L. matea, of which the dim. mateola a kind of mallet or beetle, is found.]

1. A heavy staff or club of metal; a spiked club; -- used as weapon in war before the general use of firearms, especially in the Middle Ages, for breaking metal armor. Chaucer. Death with his mace petrific . . . smote. Milton.

2. Hence: A staff borne by, or carried before, a magistrate as an ensign of his authority. "Swayed the royal mace." Wordsworth.

3. An officer who carries a mace as an emblem of authority. Macaulay.

4. A knobbed mallet used by curriers in dressing leather to make it supple.

5. (Billiards)

Defn: A rod for playing billiards, having one end suited to resting on the table and pushed with one hand. Mace bearer, an officer who carries a mace before person in authority.

MACEDOINE Ma`cé`doine", n. [F., apparently the same word as Macédoine Macedonia.]

Defn: A kind of mixed dish, as of cooked vegetables with white sauce, sweet jelly with whole fruit, etc. Also, fig., a medley.

MACEDONIAN Mac`e*do"ni*an, a. Etym: [L. Macedonius, Gr. (Geog.)

Defn: Belonging, or relating, to Macedonia. -- n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Macedonia.

MACEDONIAN Mac`e*do"ni*an, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a certain religious sect, followers of Macedonius, Bishop of Constantinople, in the fourth century, who held that the Holy Ghost was a creature, like the angels, and a servant of the Father and the Son.

MACEDONIANISM Mac`e*do"ni*an*ism, n.

Defn: The doctrines of Macedonius.

MACER Ma"cer, n. Etym: [F. massier. See Mace staff.]

Defn: A mace bearer; an officer of a court. P. Plowman.

MACERATE Mac"er*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Macerated; p. pr. & vb. n. Macerating.] Etym: [L. maceratus, p. p. of macerare to make soft, weaken, enervate; cf. Gr.

1. To make lean; to cause to waste away. [Obs. or R.] Harvey.

2. To subdue the appetites of by poor and scanty diet; to mortify. Baker.

3. To soften by steeping in a liquid, with or without heat; to wear away or separate the parts of by steeping; as, to macerate animal or vegetable fiber.

MACERATER Mac"er*a`ter, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, macerates; an apparatus for converting paper or fibrous matter into pulp.

MACERATION Mac`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. maceratio: cf. F. macération.]

Defn: The act or process of macerating.

MACHAERODUS; MACHAIRODUS Ma*chæ"ro*dus, Ma*chai"ro*dus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of extinct mammals allied to the cats, and having in the upper jaw canine teeth of remarkable size and strength; -- hence called saber-toothed tigers.

MACHETE Ma*che"te, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: A large heavy knife resembling a broadsword, often two or three feet in length, -- used by the inhabitants of Spanish America as a hatchet to cut their way through thickets, and for various other purposes. J. Stevens.

MACHIAVELIAN Mach`i*a*vel"ian, a. Etym: [From Machiavel, an Italian writer, secretary and historiographer to the republic of Florence.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Machiavel, or to his supposed principles; politically cunning; characterized by duplicity or bad faith; crafty.

MACHIAVELIAN Mach`i*a*vel"ian, n.

Defn: One who adopts the principles of Machiavel; a cunning and unprincipled politician.

MACHIAVELISM; MACHIAVELIANISM Mach"i*a*vel*ism, Mach`i*a*vel"ian*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. machiavélisme; It. machiavellismo.]

Defn: The supposed principles of Machiavel, or practice in conformity to them; political artifice, intended to favor arbitrary power.

MACHICOLATED Ma*chic"o*la`ted, a. Etym: [LL. machicolatus, p. p. of machicolare, machicollare. See Machicolation.]

Defn: Having machicolations. "Machicolated turrets." C. Kingsley.

MACHICOLATION Mach`i*co*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. machicolamentum, machacolladura, F. mâchicolis, mâchecoulis; perh. fr. F. mèche match, combustible matter + OF. coulis, couleis, flowing, fr. OF. & F. couler to flow. Cf. Match for making fire, and Cullis.]

1. (Mil. Arh.)

Defn: An opening between the corbels which support a projecting parapet, or in the floor of a gallery or the roof of a portal, shooting or dropping missiles upen assailants attacking the base of the walls. Also, the construction of such defenses, in general, when of this character. See Illusts. of Battlement and Castle.

2. The act of discharging missiles or pouring burning or melted substances upon assailants through such apertures.

MACHICOULIS Ma`chi`cou`lis", n. Etym: [F. mâchicoulis.] (Mil. Arch.)

Defn: Same as Machicolation.

MACHINAL Ma*chin"al, a. Etym: [L. machinalis: cf. F. machinal.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to machines.

MACHINATE Mach"i*nate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Machinated; p. pr. & vb. n. Machinating.] Etym: [L. machinatus, p. p. of machinari to devise, plot. See Machine.]

Defn: To plan; to contrive; esp., to form a scheme with the purpose of doing harm; to contrive artfully; to plot. "How long will you machinate!" Sandys.

MACHINATE Mach"i*nate, v. t.

Defn: To contrive, as a plot; to plot; as, to machinate evil.

MACHINATION Mach`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. machinatio: cf. F. machination.]

1. The act of machinating. Shak.

2. That which is devised; a device; a hostile or treacherous scheme; an artful design or plot. Devilish machinations come to naught. Milton. His ingenious machinations had failed. Macaulay.

MACHINATOR Mach"i*na`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who machinates, or forms a scheme with evil designs; a plotter or artful schemer. Glanvill. Sir W. Scott.

MACHINE Ma*chine", n. Etym: [F., fr. L. machina machine, engine, device, trick, Gr. Mechanic.]

1. In general, any combination of bodies so connected that their relative motions are constrained, and by means of which force and motion may be transmitted and modified, as a screw and its nut, or a lever arranged to turn about a fulcrum or a pulley about its pivot, etc.; especially, a construction, more or less complex, consisting of a combination of moving parts, or simple mechanical elements, as wheels, levers, cams, etc., with their supports and connecting framework, calculated to constitute a prime mover, or to receive force and motion from a prime mover or from another machine, and transmit, modify, and apply them to the production of some desired mechanical effect or work, as weaving by a loom, or the excitation of electricity by an electrical machine.

Note: The term machine is most commonly applied to such pieces of mechanism as are used in the industrial arts, for mechanically shaping, dressing, and combining materials for various purposes, as in the manufacture of cloth, etc. Where the effect is chemical, or other than mechanical, the contrivance is usually denominated an apparatus, not a machine; as, a bleaching apparatus. Many large, powerful, or specially important pieces of mechanism are called engines; as, a steam engine, fire engine, graduating engine, etc. Although there is no well-settled distinction between the terms engine and machine among practical men, there is a tendency to restrict the application of the former to contrivances in which the operating part is not distinct from the motor.

2. Any mechanical contrivance, as the wooden horse with which the Greeks entered Troy; a coach; a bicycle. Dryden. Southey. Thackeray.

3. A person who acts mechanically or at will of another.

4. A combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use; as, the social machine. The whole machine of government ought not to bear upon the people with a weight so heavy and oppressive. Landor.

5. A political organization arranged and controlled by one or more leaders for selfish, private or partisan ends. [Political Cant]

6. Supernatural agency in a poem, or a superhuman being introduced to perform some exploit. Addison. Elementary machine, a name sometimes given to one of the simple mechanical powers. See under Mechanical. -- Infernal machine. See under Infernal. -- Machine gun.See under Gun. -- Machine screw, a screw or bolt adapted for screwing into metal, in distinction from one which is designed especially to be screwed into wood. -- Machine shop, a workshop where machines are made, or where metal is shaped by cutting, filing, turning, etc. -- Machine tool, a machine for cutting or shaping wood, metal, etc., by means of a tool; especially, a machine, as a lathe, planer, drilling machine, etc., designed for a more or less general use in a machine shop, in distinction from a machine for producing a special article as in manufacturing. -- Machine twist, silken thread especially adapted for use in a sewing machine. -- Machine work, work done by a machine, in contradistinction to that done by hand labor.

MACHINE Ma*chine", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Machined; p. pr. & vb. n. Machining.]

Defn: To subject to the action of machinery; to effect by aid of machinery; to print with a printing machine.

MACHINER Ma*chin"er, n.

Defn: One who or operates a machine; a machinist. [R.]

MACHINERY Ma*chin"er*y, n. Etym: [From Machine: cf. F. machinerie.]

1. Machines, in general, or collectively.

2. The working parts of a machine, engine, or instrument; as, the machinery of a watch.

3. The supernatural means by which the action of a poetic or fictitious work is carried on and brought to a catastrophe; in an extended sense, the contrivances by which the crises and conclusion of a fictitious narrative, in prose or verse, are effected. The machinery, madam, is a term invented by the critics, to signify that part which the deities, angels, or demons, are made to act in a poem. Pope.

4. The means and appliances by which anything is kept in action or a desired result is obtained; a complex system of parts adapted to a purpose. An indispensable part of the machinery of state. Macaulay. The delicate inflexional machinery of the Aryan languages. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

MACHINING Ma*chin"ing, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the machinery of a poem; acting or used as a machine.[Obs.] Dryden.

MACHINIST Ma*chin"ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. machiniste.]

1. A constrictor of machines and engines; one versed in the principles of machines.

2. One skilled in the use of machine tools.

3. A person employed to shift scenery in a theater.

MACHO Ma"cho, n. Etym: [Sp.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The striped mullet of California (Mugil cephalus, or Mexicanus).

MACILENCY Mac"i*len*cy, n. Etym: [See Macilent.]

Defn: Leanness.[Obs.] Sandys.

MACILENT Mac"i*lent, a. Etym: [L. macilentus, fr. macies leanness, macere to be lean.]

Defn: Lean; thin. [Obs.] Bailey.

MACINTOSH Mac"in*tosh, n.

Defn: Same as Mackintosh.

MACKEREL Mack"er*el, n. Etym: [OF. maquerel, F. maquereau, fr. D. makelaar mediator, agent, fr. makelen to act as agent.]

Defn: A pimp; also, a bawd. [Obs.] Halliwell.

MACKEREL Mack`er*el, n. Etym: [OF. maquerel, F. maquereau (LL. macarellus), prob. for maclereau, fr. L. macula a spot, in allusion to the markings on the fish. See Mail armor.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of the genus Scomber, and of several related genera. They are finely formed and very active oceanic fishes. Most of them are highly prized for food.

Note: The common mackerel (Scomber scombrus), which inhabits both sides of the North Atlantic, is one of the most important food fishes. It is mottled with green and blue. The Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus maculatus), of the American coast, is covered with bright yellow circular spots. Bull mackerel, Chub mackerel. (Zoöl.) See under Chub. -- Frigate mackerel. See under Frigate. -- Horse mackerel . See under Horse. -- Mackerel bird (Zoöl.), the wryneck; -- so called because it arrives in England at the time when mackerel are in season. -- Mackerel cock (Zoöl.), the Manx shearwater; -- so called because it precedes the appearance of the mackerel on the east coast of Ireland. -- Mackerel guide. (Zoöl.) See Garfish (a). -- Mackerel gull (Zoöl.) any one of several species of gull which feed upon or follow mackerel, as the kittiwake. -- Mackerel midge (Zoöl.), a very small oceanic gadoid fish of the North Atlantic. It is about an inch and a half long and has four barbels on the upper jaw. It is now considered the young of the genus Onos, or Motella. -- Mackerel plow, an instrument for creasing the sides of lean mackerel to improve their appearance. Knight. -- Mackerel shark (Zoöl.), the porbeagle. -- Mackerel sky, or Mackerel-back sky, a sky flecked with small white clouds; a cirro-cumulus. See Cloud. Mackerel sky and mare's-tails Make tall ships carry low sails. Old Rhyme.

MACKINAW BLANKET; MACKINAW Mack"i*naw blan"ket, Mack"i*naw.Etym: [From Mackinac,the State of Michigan, where blankets and other stores were distributed to the Indians.]

Defn: A thick blanket formerly in common use in the western part of the United States.

MACKINAW BOAT Mack"i*naw boat.

Defn: A flat-bottomed boat with a pointed prow and square stern, using oars or sails or both, used esp. on the upper Great Lakes and their tributaries.

MACKINAW COAT Mackinaw coat.

Defn: A short, heavy, double-breasted plaid coat, the design of which is large and striking. [Local, U. S.]

MACKINAW TROUT Mackinaw trout.

Defn: The namaycush.

MACKINTOSH Mack"in*tosh, n.

Defn: A waterproof outer garment; -- so called from the name of the inventor.

MACKLE Mac`kle, n. Etym: [See Macle.]

Defn: Same Macule.

MACKLE Mac"kle, v. t. & i.

Defn: To blur, or be blurred, in printing, as if there were a double impression.

MACLE Ma"cle, n. Etym: [L. macula a spot: cf. F. macle. Cf. Mackle, Mascle.] (Min.) (a) Chiastolite; -- so called from the tessellated appearance of a cross section. See Chiastolite. (b) A crystal having a similar tessellated appearance. (c) A twin crystal.

MACLED Ma"cled, a.

1. (Min.) (a) Marked like macle (chiastolite). (b) Having a twin structure. See Twin, a.

2. See Mascled.

MACLUREA Ma*clu"re*a, n. Etym: [NL. Named from William Maclure, the geologist.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of spiral gastropod shells, often of large size, characteristic of the lower Silurian rocks.

MACLURIN Ma*clu"rin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Morintannic.

MACRAME LACE Mac"ra*me lace".

Defn: A coarse lace made of twine, used especially in decorating furniture.

MACRENCEPHALIC; MACRENCEPHALOUS Mac`ren*ce*phal"ic, Mac`ren*ceph"a*lous, a. Etym: [Macro + encephalic, encephalous.]

Defn: Having a large brain.

MACRO- Mac"ro-. Etym: [Gr. makro`s, adj.]

Defn: A combining form signifying long, large, great; as macrodiagonal, macrospore.

MACROBIOTIC Mac`ro*bi*ot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. macrobiotique.]

Defn: Long-lived. Dunglison.

MACROBIOTICS Mac`ro*bi*ot"ics, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The art of prolonging life.

MACROCEPHALOUS Mac`ro*ceph"a*lous, a. Etym: [Macro + Gr. kefalh` the head.]

1. Having a large head.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the cotyledons of a dicotyledonous embryo confluent, and forming a large mass compared with the rest of the body. Henslow.

MACRO-CHEMISTRY Mac`ro-chem"is*try, n. Etym: [Macro- + chemistry.] (Chem.)

Defn: The science which treats of the chemical properties, actions or relations of substances in quantity; -- distinguished from micro- chemistry.

MACROCHIRES Mac`ro*chi"res, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of birds including the swifts and humming birds. So called from the length of the distal part of the wing.

MACROCOSM Mac"ro*cosm, n. Etym: [Macro- + Gr. macrocosme.]

Defn: The great world; that part of the universe which is exterior to man; -- contrasted with microcosm, or man. See Microcosm.

MACROCOSMIC Mac`ro*cos"mic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the macrocosm. Tylor.

MACROCYSTIS Mac`ro*cys"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Macro-, and Cyst.] (Bot.)

Defn: An immensely long blackish seaweed of the Pacific (Macrocystis pyrifera), having numerous almond-shaped air vessels.

MACRODACTYL Mac`ro*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [Gr. macrodactyle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a group of wading birds (Macrodactyli) having very long toes. [Written also macrodactyle.]

MACRODACTYLIC; MACRODACTYLOUS Mac`ro*dac*tyl"ic, Mac`ro*dac"tyl*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having long toes.

MACRODIAGONAL Mac`ro*di*ag"o*nal, n. Etym: [Macro- + diagonal.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: The longer of two diagonals, as of a rhombic prism. See Crystallization.

MACRODOME Mac"ro*dome, n. Etym: [Macro- + dome.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: A dome parallel to the longer lateral axis of an orthorhombic crystal. See Dome, n., 4.

MACRODONT Mac"ro*dont, a. Etym: [Macro- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having large teeth. -- n.

Defn: A macrodont animal.

MACROFARAD Mac"ro*far`ad, n. Etym: [Macro- + farad.] (Elec.)

Defn: See Megafarad. [R.]

MACROGLOSSIA Mac`ro*glos"si*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Macro-, and Glossa.] (Med.)

Defn: Enlargement or hypertrophy of the tongue.

MACROGNATHIC Mac`rog*nath"ic, a. Etym: [Macro- + gnathic.] (Anthropol.)

Defn: Long-jawed. Huxley.

MACROGRAPH Mac"ro*graph, n. [Macro- + -graph.]

Defn: A picture of an object as seen by the naked eye (that is, unmagnified); as, a macrograph of a metallic fracture.

MACROGRAPHY Ma*crog"ra*phy, n.

Defn: Examination or study with the naked eye, as distinguished from micrography.

MACROLOGY Ma*crol"o*gy, n. Etym: [L. macrologia, Gr. macrologie.]

Defn: Long and tedious talk without much substance; superfluity of words.

MACROMETER Ma*crom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Macro- + -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for determining the size or distance of inaccessible objects by means of two reflectors on a common sextant.

MACRON Ma"cron, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Pron.)

Defn: A short, straight, horizontal mark [-], placed over vowels to denote that they are to be pronounced with a long sound; as, a, in dame; e, in seam, etc.

MACROPETALOUS Mac`ro*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Macro- + petal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having long or large petals.

MACROPHYLLOUS Ma*croph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Macro- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having long or large leaves.

MACROPINACOID Mac`ro*pin"a*coid, n. Etym: [Macro- + pinacoid.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: One of the two planes of an orthorhombic crystal which are parallel to the vertical and longer lateral (macrodiagonal) axes.

MACROPOD Mac"ro*pod, n. Etym: [Macro- + -pod.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of a group of maioid crabs remarkable for the length of their legs; -- called also spider crab.

MACROPODAL Ma*crop"o*dal, a.

Defn: Having long or large feet, or a long stem.

MACROPODIAN Mac`ro*po"di*an, n.

Defn: A macropod.

MACROPODOUS Ma*crop"o*dous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having long legs or feet.

MACROPRISM Mac"ro*prism, n. Etym: [Macro- + prism.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: A prism of an orthorhombic crystal between the macropinacoid and the unit prism; the corresponding pyramids are called macropyramids.

MACROPTERES Ma*crop"te*res, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of birds; the Longipennes.

MACROPTEROUS Ma*crop"ter*ous, a. Etym: [See Macropteres.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having long wings.

MACROPUS Mac"ro*pus, n. Etym: [NL. See Macropod.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: genus of marsupials including the common kangaroo.

MACROPYRAMID Mac`ro*pyr"a*mid, n. Etym: [Macro- + pyramid.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: See Macroprism.

MACROSCOPIC; MACROSCOPICAL Mac`ro*scop"ic, Mac`ro*scop"ic*al, a. Etym: [Macro- + Gr.

Defn: Visible to the unassisted eye; -- as opposed to microscopic. -- Mac`ro*scop"ic*al*ly, adv.

MACROSPORANGIUM Mac`ro*spo*ran"gi*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Macro-, and Sporangium.] (Bot.)

Defn: A sporangium or conceptacle containing only large spores; -- opposed to microsporangium. Both are found in the genera Selaginella, Isoctes, and Marsilia, plants remotely allied to ferns.

MACROSPORE Mac"ro*spore, n. Etym: [Macro- + spore.] (Bot.)

Defn: One of the specially large spores of certain flowerless plants, as Selaginella, etc.

MACROSPORIC Mac`ro*spor"ic, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to macrospores.

MACROTONE Mac"ro*tone, n. Etym: [Gr. Macro-, and Tone.] (Pron.)

Defn: Same as Macron.

MACROTOUS Ma*cro"tous, a. Etym: [Macro- + Gr. o"y^s, gen. 'wto`s, the ear.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Large-eared.

MACROURA; MACROURAL Ma*crou"ra, n. pl., Ma*crou"ral (, a., etc. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Macrura, Macrural, etc.

MACROZOOSPORE; MACROZOOESPORE Mac`ro*zo"ö*spore, n. Etym: [Macro- + zoöspore.] (Bot.)

Defn: A large motile spore having four vibratile cilia; -- found in certain green algæ.

MACRURA Ma*cru"ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A subdivision of decapod Crustacea, having the abdomen largely developed. It includes the lobster, prawn, shrimp, and many similar forms. Cf. Decapoda.

MACRURAL Ma*cru"ral, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Macrurous.

MACRURAN Ma*cru"ran, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Macrura.

MACRUROID Ma*cru"roid, a. Etym: [Macrura + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the Macrura.

MACRUROUS Ma*cru"rous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Macrura; having a long tail.

MACTATION Mac*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. mactatio, fr. macture to slay, sacrifice.]

Defn: The act of killing a victim for sacrifice. [Obs.]

MACTRA Mac"tra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any marine bivalve shell of the genus Mactra, and allied genera. Many species are known. Some of them are used as food, as Mactra stultorum, of Europe. See Surf clam, under Surf.

MACULA Mac"u*la, n.; pl. Maculæ. Etym: [L., spot, stain, blot. See Mail armor, and cf. Mackle, Macule.]

1. A spot, as on the skin, or on the surface of the sun or of some other luminous orb.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A rather large spot or blotch of color.

MACULATE Mac"u*late, v. t. Etym: [L. maculatus, p. p. of maculare to spot. See Macula, and cf. Macule, v.]

Defn: To spot; to stain; to blur. Maculate the honor of their people. Sir T. Elyot.

MACULATE Mac"u*late, a. Etym: [L. maculatus, p. p.]

Defn: Marked with spots or maculæ; blotched; hence, defiled; impure; as, most maculate thoughts. Shak.

MACULATED Mac"u*la`ted, a.

Defn: Having spots or blotches; maculate.

MACULATION Mac"u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. maculatio.]

Defn: The act of spotting; a spot; a blemish. Shak.

MACULATORY Mac"u*la*to*ry, a.

Defn: Causing a spot or stain. T. Adams.

MACULATURE Mac"u*la*ture, n

Defn: , Blotting paper. [Obs.]

MACULE Mac"ule, n. Etym: [F. macule. See Macula.]

1. A spot. [Obs.]

2. (Print.)

Defn: A blur, or an appearance of a double impression, as when the paper slips a little; a mackle.

MACULE Mac"ule, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. maculer. See Maculate,v.]

Defn: To blur; especially (Print.), to blur or double an impression from type. See Mackle.

MACULOSE Mac"u*lose`, a. Etym: [L. maculosus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to spots upon a surface; spotted; maculate.

MAD Mad, obs. p. p.

Defn: of Made. Chaucer.

MAD Mad, a. [Compar. Madder; superl. Maddest.] Etym: [AS. gem, gemad, mad; akin to OS. gem foolish, OHG. gameit, Icel. mei to hurt, Goth. gamáids weak, broken.

1. Disordered in intellect; crazy; insane. I have heard my grandsire say full oft, Extremity of griefs would make men mad. Shak.

2. Excited beyond self-control or the restraint of reason; inflamed by violent or uncontrollable desire, passion, or appetite; as, to be mad with terror, lust, or hatred; mad against political reform. It is the land of graven images, and they are mad upon their idols. Jer. 1. 88. And being exceedingly mad against them, I persecuted them even unto strange cities. Acts xxvi. 11.

3. Proceeding from, or indicating, madness; expressing distraction; prompted by infatuation, fury, or extreme rashness. "Mad demeanor." Milton. Mad wars destroy in one year the works of many years of peace. Franklin. The mad promise of Cleon was fulfilled. Jowett (Thucyd.).

4. Extravagant; immoderate. "Be mad and merry." Shak. "Fetching mad bounds." Shak.

5. Furious with rage, terror, or disease; -- said of the lower animals; as, a mad bull; esp., having hydrophobia; rabid; as, a mad dog.

6. Angry; out of patience; vexed; as, to get mad at a person. [Colloq.]

7. Having impaired polarity; -- applied to a compass needle. [Colloq.] Like mad, like a mad person; in a furious manner; as, to run like mad. L'Estrange. -- To run mad. (a) To become wild with excitement. (b) To run wildly about under the influence of hydrophobia; to become affected with hydrophobia. -- To run mad after, to pursue under the influence of infatuation or immoderate desire. "The world is running mad after farce." Dryden.

MAD Mad, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Madded; p. pr. & vb. n. Madding.]

Defn: To make mad or furious; to madden. Had I but seen thy picture in this plight, It would have madded me. Shak.

MAD Mad, v. i.

Defn: To be mad; to go mad; to rave. See Madding. [Archaic] Chaucer. Festus said with great voice, Paul thou maddest. Wyclif (Acts).

MAD Mad, n. Etym: [AS. ma; akin to D. & G. made, Goth. mapa, and prob. to E. moth.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An earthworm. [Written also made.]

MADAM Mad"am, n.; pl. Madams, or Mesdames. Etym: [See Madame.]

Defn: A gentlewoman; -- an appellation or courteous form of address given to a lady, especially an elderly or a married lady; -- much used in the address, at the beginning of a letter, to a woman. The corresponding word in addressing a man is Sir.

MADAME Ma`dame", n.; pl. Mesdames. Etym: [F., fr. ma my (L. mea) + dame dame. See Dame, and cf. Madonna.]

Defn: My lady; -- a French title formerly given to ladies of quality; now, in France, given to all married women. Chaucer.

MAD-APPLE Mad"-ap`ple, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Eggplant.

MADBRAIN Mad"brain`, a.

Defn: Hot-headed; rash. Shak. -- n.

Defn: A rash or hot-headed person.

MADBRAINED Mad"brained`, a.

Defn: Disordered in mind; hot-headed. Shak.

MADCAP Mad"cap`, a.

1. Inclined to wild sports; delighting in rash, absurd, or dangerous amusements. "The merry madcap

Defn: lord." Shak.

2. Wild; reckless. "Madcap follies" Beau. & Fl.

MADCAP Mad"cap`, n.

Defn: A person of wild behavior; an excitable, rash, violent person. Shak.

MADDEN Mad"den, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maddened; p. pr. & vb. n. Maddening.]

Defn: To make mad; to drive to madness; to craze; to excite violently with passion; to make very angry; to enrage.

MADDEN Mad"den, v. i.

Defn: To become mad; to act as if mad. They rave, recite, and madden round the land. Pope.

MADDER Mad"der, n. Etym: [OE. mader, AS. mædere; akin to Icel. ma.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the Rubia (R. tinctorum). The root is much used in dyeing red, and formerly was used in medicine. It is cultivated in France and Holland. See Rubiaceous.

Note: Madder is sometimes used in forming pigments, as lakes, etc., which receive their names from their colors; as. madder yellow. Field madder, an annual European weed (Sherardia arvensis) resembling madder. -- Indian madder , the East Indian Rubia cordifolia, used in the East for dyeing; -- called also munjeet. -- Wild madder, Rubia peregrina of Europe; also the Galium Mollugo, a kind of bedstraw.

MADDERWORT Mad"der*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A name proposed for any plant of the same natural order (Rubiaceæ) as the madder.

MADDING Mad"ding, a.

Defn: Affected with madness; raging; furious. -- Mad"ding*ly, adv. [Archaic] Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife. Gray. The madding wheels Of brazen chariots raged. Milton.

MADDISH Mad"dish, a.

Defn: Somewhat mad. Beau. & Fl.

MADE Made, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Mad, n.

MADE Made, imp. & p. p.

Defn: of Make.

MADE Made, a.

Defn: Artificially produced; pieced together; formed by filling in; as, made ground; a made mast, in distinction from one consisting of a single spar. Made up. (a) Complete; perfect. "A made up villain." Shak. (b) Falsely devised; fabricated; as, a made up story. (c) Artificial; as, a made up figure or complexion.

MADECASS; MADECASSEE Mad"e*cass, Mad`e*cas"see, n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Madagascar, or Madecassee; the language of the natives of Madagascar. See Malagasy.

MADECASSEE Mad`e*cas"see, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Madagascar or its inhabitants.

MADEFACTION; MADEFICATION Mad`e*fac"tion, Mad`e*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. madefacere to make wet; madere to be wet + facere to make: cf. F. madéfaction.]

Defn: The act of madefying, or making wet; the state of that which is made wet. [R.] Bacon.

MADEFY Mad"e*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Madefied; p. pr. & vb. n. Madefying.] Etym: [Cf. F. madéfier, L. madefacere. See Madefaction.]

Defn: To make wet or moist. [R.]

MADEGASSY Mad`e*gas"sy, n. & a.

Defn: See Madecassee.

MADEIRA Ma*dei"ra, n. Etym: [Pg., the Island Madeira, properly, wood, fr. L. materia stuff, wood. The island was so called because well wooded. See Matter.]

Defn: A rich wine made on the Island of Madeira. A cup of Madeira, and a cold capon's leg. Shak. Madeira nut (Bot.), the European walnut; the nut of the Juglans regia.

MADEIRA VINE Ma*dei"ra vine. (Bot.)

Defn: A herbaceous climbing vine (Boussingaultia baselloides) very popular in cultivation, having shining entire leaves and racemes of small fragrant white flowers.

MADEIRA WOOD Madeira wood. (Bot.) (a) The mahogany tree (Swietenia Mahogoni). (b) A West Indian leguminous tree (Lysiloma Latisiliqua) the wood of which is used for boat trimming.

MADEMOISELLE Ma`de*moi`selle", n.; pl. Mesdemoiselles. Etym: [F., fr. ma my, f. of mon + demoiselle young lady. See Damsel.]

1. A French title of courtesy given to a girl or an unmarried lady, equivalent to the English Miss. Goldsmith.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A marine food fish (Sciæna chrysura), of the Southern United States; -- called also yellowtail, and silver perch.

MADGE Madge, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. & Prov. F. machette.] (Zoöl.) (a) The barn owl. (b) The magpie.

MAD-HEADED Mad"-head`ed, a.

Defn: Wild; crack-brained.

MADHOUSE Mad"house`, n.

Defn: A house where insane persons are confined; an insane asylum; a bedlam.

MADIA Ma"di*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Sp. madi, fr. Chilian madi, the native name.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of composite plants, of which one species (Madia sativa) is cultivated for the oil yielded from its seeds by pressure. This oil is sometimes used instead of olive oil for the table.

MADID Mad"id, a. Etym: [L. madidus, fr. madere to be wet.]

Defn: Wet; moist; as, a madid eye. [R.] Beaconsfield.

MADISTERIUM Mad`is*te"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument to extract hairs.

MADJOUN Mad"joun, n. Etym: [Hind., fr. Ar. ma'j.]

Defn: An intoxicating confection from the hemp plant; -- used by the Turks and Hindoos. [Written also majoun.]

MADLY Mad"ly, adv. Etym: [From Mad, a.]

Defn: In a mad manner; without reason or understanding; wildly.

MADMAN Mad"man, n.; pl. Madmen (.

Defn: A man who is mad; lunatic; a crazy person. When a man mistakes his thoughts for person and things, he is mad. A madman is properly so defined. Coleridge.

MADNEP Mad"nep, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The masterwort (Peucedanum Ostruthium).

MADNESS Mad"ness, n. Etym: [From Mad, a.]

1. The condition of being mad; insanity; lunacy.

2. Frenzy; ungovernable rage; extreme folly.

Syn. -- Insanity; distraction; derangement; craziness; lunacy; mania; frenzy; franticness; rage; aberration; alienation; monomania. See Insanity.

MADONNA Ma*don"na, n. Etym: [It. madonna my lady. See Dame, Donna, and cf. Madame, Monkey.]

1. My lady; -- a term of address in Italian formerly used as the equivalent of Madame, but for which Signora is now substituted. Sometimes introduced into English. Shak.

2. [pl. Madonnas (naz).]

Defn: A picture of the Virgin Mary (usually with the babe). The Italian painters are noted for drawing the Madonnas by their own wives or mistresses. Rymer.

MADOQUA Ma"do*qua, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small Abyssinian antelope (Neotragus Saltiana), about the size of a hare.

MADRAGUE Ma`drague", n. Etym: [R.]

Defn: A large fish pound used for the capture of the tunny in the Mediterranean; also applied to the seines used for the same purpose.

MADRAS Ma*dras", n. [So named after Madras, a city and presidency of India.]

Defn: A large silk-and-cotton kerchief, usually of bright colors, such as those often used by negroes for turbans.

A black woman in blue cotton gown, red-and-yellow madras turban . . . crouched against the wall. G. W. Cable.

MADREPERL Ma"dre*perl, n. Etym: [It. madreperla.]

Defn: Mother-of-pearl.

MADREPORA Mad`re*po"ra, n. Etym: [NL. See Madre.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of reef corals abundant in tropical seas. It includes than one hundred and fifty species, most of which are elegantly branched. -- Mad`re*po"ral, a.

MADREPORARIA Mad`re*po*ra"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Madrepore.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive division of Anthozoa, including most of the species that produce stony corals. See Illust. of Anthozoa. -- Mad`re*po*ra"ri*an, a. & n.

MADREPORE Mad"re*pore, n. Etym: [F. madrepore, perh. fr. madré spotted, fr. OF. madre, mazre, a kind of knotty wood with brown spots, fr. OHG. masar a knot, grain, or vein in wood, a speck, G. maser + pore (see Pore); or perh. F. madrépore is rather from It. madrepora, and this perh. fr. It. madre mother (see Mother) + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any coral of the genus Madrepora; formerly, often applied to any stony coral.

MADREPORIAN; MADREPORIC Mad`re*po"ri*an, Mad`re*po"ric, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling, or pertaining to, the genus Madrepora. Madreporic plate (Zoöl.), a perforated plate in echinoderms, through which water is admitted to the ambulacral tubes; -- called also madreporic tubercule.

MADREPORIFORM Mad`re*po"ri*form, a. Etym: [Madrepore + -form.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling a madreporian coral in form or structure.

MADREPORITE Mad"re*po*rite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. madréporite]

1. (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil coral.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The madreporic plate of echinoderms.

MADRIER Ma*drier", n. Etym: [F., from Sp. madero, or Pg. madeiro, fr. Sp. madera wood for building, timber, Pg. madeira, L. materia stuff, materials, lumber. See Matter.]

Defn: A thick plank, used for several mechanical purposes; especially: (a) A plank to receive the mouth of a petard, with which it is applied to anything intended to be broken down. (b) A plank or beam used for supporting the earth in mines or fortifications.

MADRIGAL Mad"ri*gal, n. Etym: [It. madrigale, OIt. madriale, mandriale (cf. LL. matriale); of uncertain origin, possibly fr. It mandra flock, L. mandra stall, herd of cattle, Gr. madrigal, originally, a pastoral song.]

1. A little amorous poem, sometimes called a pastoral poem, containing some tender and delicate, though simple, thought. Whose artful strains have oft delayed The huddling brook to hear his madrigal. Milton.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: An unaccompanied polyphonic song, in four, five, or more parts, set to secular words, but full of counterpoint and imitation, and adhering to the old church modes. Unlike the freer glee, it is best sung with several voices on a part. See Glee.

MADRIGALER Mad"ri*gal*er, n.

Defn: A madrigalist.

MADRIGALIST Mad"ri*gal*ist, n.

Defn: A composer of madrigals.

MADRILENIAN Mad`ri*le"ni*an, a. Etym: [Sp. Madrileno.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Madrid in Spain, or to its inhabitants. -- n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Madrid.

MADRINA Ma*dri"na, n. Etym: [Sp., prop., a godmother.]

Defn: An animal (usually an old mare), wearing a bell and acting as the leader of a troop of pack mules. [S. America]

MADRO Ma*dro"ña, n. [Sp. madroño.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small evergreen tree or shrub (Arbutus Menziesii), of California, having a smooth bark, thick shining leaves, and edible red berries, which are often called madroña apples. [Written also madroño.]

MADRONA; MADRONYA Ma*dro"ña, n. Etym: [Sp. madroño.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small evergreen tree or shrub (Arbutus Menziesii), of California, having a smooth bark, thick shining leaves, and edible red berries, which are often called madroña apples. [Written also madroño.]

MADWORT Mad"wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of cruciferous plants (Alyssum) with white or yellow flowers and rounded pods. A. maritimum is the commonly cultivated sweet alyssum, a fragrant white-flowered annual.

MAEGBOTE; MAGBOTE Mæg"bote`, Mag"bote`, n. Etym: [AS. mæg kinsman + bot compensation.] (Anglo-Saxon Law)

Defn: Compensation for the injury done by slaying a kinsman. Spelman.

MAELSTROM Mael"strom, n. Etym: [Norw., a whirlpool.]

1. A celebrated whirlpool on the coast of Norway.

2. Also Fig. ; as, a maelstrom of vice.

MAENAD Mæ"nad, n. Etym: [L. Maenas, -adis, Gr.

1. A Bacchante; a priestess or votary of Bacchus.

2. A frantic or frenzied woman.

MAESTOSO Ma`es*to"so, a. & adv. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: Majestic or majestically; -- a direction to perform a passage or piece of music in a dignified manner.

MAESTRICHT MONITOR Maes"tricht mon"i*tor. Etym: [So called from Maestricht, a town in Holland.] (Paleon.)

Defn: The Mosasaurus Hofmanni. See Mosasaurus.

MAESTRO Ma*es"tro, n. Etym: [It., fr. L. magister. See Master.]

Defn: A master in any art, especially in music; a composer.

MAFFIA; MAFIA Maf"fi*a, Ma"fi*a, n. [It. maffia.]

Defn: A secret society which organized in Sicily as a political organization, but is now widespread among Italians, and is used to further or protect private interests, reputedly by illegal methods.

MAFFIOSO; MAFIOSO Maf`fi*o"so, Ma`fi*o"so, n.; pl. -si (#). [It. maffioso.]

Defn: A member of the maffia.

MAFFLE Maf"fle, v. i. Etym: [Akin to OD. maffelen to stammer. Cf. Muffle to mumble.]

Defn: To stammer. [Obs.]

MAFFLER Maf"fler, n.

Defn: A stammerer. [Obs.]

MAGAZINE Mag`a*zine", n. Etym: [F. magasin, It. magazzino, or Sp. magacen, almagacen; all fr. Ar. makhzan, almakhzan, a storehouse, granary, or cellar.]

1. A receptacle in which anything is stored, especially military stores, as ammunition, arms, provisions, etc. "Armories and magazines." Milton.

2. The building or room in which the supply of powder is kept in a fortification or a ship.

3. A chamber in a gun for holding a number of cartridges to be fed automatically to the piece.

4. A pamphlet published periodically containing miscellaneous papers or compositions. Magazine dress, clothing made chiefly of woolen, without anything metallic about it, to be worn in a powder magazine. -- Magazine gun, a portable firearm, as a rifle, with a chamber carrying cartridges which are brought automatically into position for firing. -- Magazine stove, a stove having a chamber for holding fuel which is supplied to the fire by some self-feeding process, as in the common base-burner.

MAGAZINE Mag`a*zine", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Magazined; p. pr. & vb. n. Magazining.]

Defn: To store in, or as in, a magazine; to store up for use.

MAGAZINE CAMERA Magazine camera. (Photog.)

Defn: A camera in which a number of plates can be exposed without reloading.

MAGAZINER Mag`a*zin"er, n.

Defn: One who edits or writes for a magazine. [R.] Goldsmith.

MAGAZINING Mag`a*zin"ing, n.

Defn: The act of editing, or writing for, a magazine. [Colloq.] Byron.

MAGAZINIST Mag`a*zin"ist, n.

Defn: One who edits or writes for a magazine. [R.]

MAGBOTE Mag"bote`, n.

Defn: See Mægbote.

MAGDALA Mag"da*la, a.

Defn: Designating an orange-red dyestuff obtained from naphthylamine, and called magdala red, naphthalene red, etc.

MAGDALEN Mag"da*len, n. Etym: [From Mary Magdalene, traditionally reported to have been the repentant sinner forgiven by Christ. See Luke vii. 36.]

Defn: A reformed prostitute.

MAGDALEON Mag*da"le*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine in the form of a roll, a esp. a roll of plaster.

MAGDEBURG Mag"de*burg, n.

Defn: A city of Saxony. Magdeburg centuries, Magdeburg hemispheres. See under Century, and Hemisphere.

MAGE Mage, n. Etym: [F. mage. See Magi.]

Defn: A magician. [Archaic] Spenser. Tennyson.

MAGELLANIC Mag`el*lan"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to, or named from, Magellan, the navigator. Magellenic clouds (Astron.), three conspicuous nebulæ near the south pole, resembling thin white clouds.

MAGENTA Ma*gen"ta, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An aniline dye obtained as an amorphous substance having a green bronze surface color, which dissolves to a shade of red; also, the color; -- so called from Magenta, in Italy, in allusion to the battle fought there about the time the dye was discovered. Called also fuchsine, roseïne, etc.

MAGGED Magged, a. (Naut.)

Defn: Worn; fretted; as, a magged brace. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

MAGGIORE Mag`gio"re, a. Etym: [It., from L. major, compar. of magnus great. See Major.] (Mus.)

Defn: Greater, in respect to scales, intervals, etc., when used in opposition to minor; major. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

MAGGOT Mag"got, n. Etym: [W. macai, pl. maceiod, magiod, a worn or grub; cf. magu to bread.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The footless larva of any fly. See Larval.

2. A whim; an odd fancy. Hudibras. Tennyson.

MAGGOTINESS Mag"got*i*ness, n.

Defn: State of being maggoty.

MAGGOTISH Mag"got*ish, a.

Defn: Full of whims or fancies; maggoty.

MAGGOT-PIE Mag"got-pie`, n.

Defn: A magpie. [Obs.] Shak.

MAGGOTY Mag"got*y, a.

1. Infested with maggots.

2. Full of whims; capricious. Norris.

MAGHET Ma"ghet, n. Etym: [Cf. Fl. maghet maid.] (Bot.)

Defn: A name for daisies and camomiles of several kinds.

MAGI Ma"gi, n. pl. Etym: [L., pl. of Magus, Gr. Mage, Magic.]

Defn: A caste of priests, philosophers, and magicians, among the ancient Persians; hence, any holy men or sages of the East. The inspired Magi from the Orient came. Sandys.

MAGIAN Ma"gi*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Magi.

MAGIAN Ma"gi*an, n.

Defn: One of the Magi, or priests of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia; an adherent of the Zoroastrian religion. -- Ma"gi*an*ism, n.

MAGIC Mag"ic, n. Etym: [OE. magique, L. magice, Gr. Magic, a., and Magi.]

Defn: A comprehensive name for all of the pretended arts which claim to produce effects by the assistance of supernatural beings, or departed spirits, or by a mastery of secret forces in nature attained by a study of occult science, including enchantment, conjuration, witchcraft, sorcery, necromancy, incantation, etc. An appearance made by some magic. Chaucer. Celestial magic, a supposed supernatural power which gave to spirits a kind of dominion over the planets, and to the planets an influence over men. -- Natural magic, the art of employing the powers of nature to produce effects apparently supernatural. -- Superstitious, or Geotic, magic, the invocation of devils or demons, involving the supposition of some tacit or express agreement between them and human beings.

Syn. -- Sorcery; witchcraft; necromancy; conjuration; enchantment.

MAGIC; MAGICAL Mag"ic, Mag"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. magicus, Gr. magique. See Magi.]

1. Pertaining to the hidden wisdom supposed to be possessed by the Magi; relating to the occult powers of nature, and the producing of effects by their agency.

2. Performed by, or proceeding from, occult and superhuman agencies; done by, or seemingly done by, enchantment or sorcery. Hence: Seemingly requiring more than human power; imposing or startling in performance; producing effects which seem supernatural or very extraordinary; having extraordinary properties; as, a magic lantern; a magic square or circle. The painter's magic skill. Cowper.

Note: Although with certain words magic is used more than magical, -- as, magic circle, magic square, magic wand, -- we may in general say magic or magical; as, a magic or magical effect; a magic or magical influence, etc. But when the adjective is predicative, magical, and not magic, is used; as, the effect was magical. Magic circle, a series of concentric circles containing the numbers 12 to 75 in eight radii, and having somewhat similar properties to the magic square. -- Magic humming bird (Zoöl.), a Mexican humming bird (Iache magica) , having white downy thing tufts. -- Magic lantern. See Lantern. -- Magic square, numbers so disposed in parallel and equal rows in the form of a square, that each row, taken vertically, horizontally, or diagonally, shall give the same sum, the same product, or an harmonical series, according as the numbers taken are in arithmetical, geometrical, or harmonical progression. -- Magic wand, a wand used by a magician in performing feats of magic.

MAGICALLY Mag"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a magical manner; by magic, or as if by magic.

MAGICIAN Ma*gi"cian, n. Etym: [F. magicien. See Magic, n.]

Defn: One skilled in magic; one who practices the black art; an enchanter; a necromancer; a sorcerer or sorceress; a conjurer.

MAGILP; MAGILPH Ma*gilp", Ma*gilph", n. (Paint.)

Defn: See Megilp.

MAGISTER Ma*gis"ter, n. Etym: [L. See Master.]

Defn: Master; sir; -- a title of the Middle Ages, given to a person in authority, or to one having a license from a university to teach philosophy and the liberal arts.

MAGISTERIAL Mag`is*te"ri*al, a. Etym: [L. magisterius magisterial. See Master.]

1. Of or pertaining to a master or magistrate, or one in authority; having the manner of a magister; official; commanding; authoritative. Hence: Overbearing; dictatorial; dogmatic. When magisterial duties from his home Her father called. Glover. We are not magisterial in opinions, nor, dictator-like, obtrude our notions on any man. Sir T. Browne. Pretenses go a great way with men that take fair words and magisterial looks for current payment. L'Estrange.

2. (Alchem. & Old Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, produced by, or of the nature of, magistery. See Magistery, 2.

Syn. -- Authoritative; stately; august; pompous; dignified; lofty; commanding; imperious; lordly; proud; haughty; domineering; despotic; dogmatical; arrogant. -- Magisterial, Dogmatical, Arrogant. One who is magisterial assumes the air of a master toward his pupils; one who is dogmatical lays down his positions in a tone of authority or dictation; one who is arrogant in sults others by an undue assumption of superiority. Those who have long been teachers sometimes acquire, unconsciously, a manner which borders too much on the magisterial, and may be unjustly construed as dogmatical, or even arrogant.

MAGISTERIALITY Mag`is*te`ri*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: Magisterialness; authoritativeness. [R.] Fuller.

MAGISTERIALLY Mag`is*te"ri*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a magisterial manner.

MAGISTERIALNESS Mag`is*te"ri*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being magisterial.

MAGISTERY Mag"is*ter*y, n. Etym: [L. magisterium the office of a chief, president, director, tutor. See Magistrate.]

1. Mastery; powerful medical influence; renowned efficacy; a sovereign remedy. [Obs.] Holland.

2. A magisterial injunction. [R.] Brougham.

3. (Chem.)

Defn: A precipitate; a fine substance deposited by precipitation; -- applied in old chemistry to certain white precipitates from metallic solutions; as, magistery of bismuth. Ure.

MAGISTRACY Mag"is*tra*cy, n.; pl. Magistracies. Etym: [From Magistrate.]

1. The office or dignity of a magistrate. Blackstone.

2. The collective body of magistrates.

MAGISTRAL Mag"is*tral, a. Etym: [L. magistralis: cf. F. magistral. See Magistrate.]

1. Pertaining to a master; magisterial; authoritative; dogmatic.

2. Commanded or prescribed by a magister, esp. by a doctor; hence, effectual; sovereign; as, a magistral sirup. "Some magistral opiate." Bacon.

3. (Pharmacy)

Defn: Formulated extemporaneously, or for a special case; -- opposed to officinal, and said of prescriptions and medicines. Dunglison. Magistral line (Fort.), the guiding line, or outline, or outline, by which the form of the work is determined. It is usually the crest line of the parapet in fieldworks, or the top line of the escarp in permanent fortifications.

MAGISTRAL Mag"is*tral, n.

1. (Med.)

Defn: A sovereign medicine or remedy. [Obs.] Burton.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: A magistral line.

3. (Metal.)

Defn: Powdered copper pyrites used in the amalgamation of ores of silver, as at the Spanish mines of Mexico and South America.

MAGISTRALITY Mag`is*tral"i*ty, n.; pl. -ties (.

Defn: Magisterialness; arbitrary dogmatism. Bacon.

MAGISTRALLY Mag"is*tral*ly, adv.

Defn: In a magistral manner. Abp. Bramhall.

MAGISTRATE Mag"is*trate, n. Etym: [L. magistratus, fr. magister master: cf. F. magistrat. See Master.]

Defn: A person clothed with power as a public civil officer; a public civil officer invested with the executive government, or some branch of it. "All Christian rulers and magistrates." Book of Com. Prayer. Of magistrates some also are supreme, in whom the sovereign power of the state resides; others are subordinate. Blackstone.

MAGISTRATIC; MAGISTRATICAL Mag`is*trat"ic, Mag`is*trat"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or proceeding from, a magistrate; having the authority of a magistrate. Jer. Taylor.

MAGISTRATURE Mag"is*tra`ture, n. Etym: [Cf. F. magistrature.]

Defn: Magistracy. [Obs.]

MAGMA Mag"ma, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. Any crude mixture of mineral or organic matters in the state of a thin paste. Ure.

2. (Med.) (a) A thick residuum obtained from certain substances after the fluid parts are expressed from them; the grounds which remain after treating a substance with any menstruum, as water or alcohol. (b) A salve or confection of thick consistency. Dunglison.

3. (Geol.) (a) The molten matter within the earth, the source of the material of lava flows, dikes of eruptive rocks, etc. (b) The glassy base of an eruptive rock.

4. (Chem.)

Defn: The amorphous or homogenous matrix or ground mass, as distinguished from well-defined crystals; as, the magma of porphyry.

MAGNA CHARTA Mag"na Char"ta. Etym: [L., great charter.]

1. The great Charter, so called, obtained by the English barons from King John, A. D. 1215. This name is also given to the charter granted to the people of England in the ninth year of Henry III., and confirmed by Edward I.

2. Hence, a fundamental constitution which guaranties rights and privileges.

MAGNALITY Mag*nal"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. magnalis mighty, fr. magnus great.]

Defn: A great act or event; a great attainment. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

MAGNANIMITY Mag`na*nim"i*ty, n. Etym: [F. magnanimité, L. magnanimitas.]

Defn: The quality of being magnanimous; greatness of mind; elevation or dignity of soul; that quality or combination of qualities, in character, which enables one to encounter danger and trouble with tranquility and firmness, to disdain injustice, meanness and revenge, and to act and sacrifice for noble objects.

MAGNANIMOUS Mag*nan"i*mous, a.Etym: [L. magnanimus; magnus great + animus mind. See Magnate, and Animus.]

1. Great of mind; elevated in soul or in sentiment; raised above what is low, mean, or ungenerous; of lofty and courageous spirit; as, a magnanimous character; a magnanimous conqueror. Be magnanimous in the enterprise. Shak. To give a kingdom hath been thought Greater and nobler done, and to law down Far more magnanimousan to assume. Milton.

2. Dictated by or exhibiting nobleness of soul; honorable; noble; not selfish. Both strived for death; magnanimous debate. Stirling. There is an indissoluble union between a magnanimous policy and the solid rewards of public prosperity and felicity. Washington.

MAGNANIMOUSLY Mag*nan"i*mous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a magnanimous manner; with greatness of mind.

MAGNASE BLACK Mag"nase black`. (Paint.)

Defn: A black pigment which dries rapidly when mixed with oil, and is of intense body. Fairholt.

MAGNATE Mag"nate, Etym: [F. magnat, L. (pl.) magnates, magnati, fr. magnus great. See Master.]

1. A person of rank; a noble or grandee; a person of influence or distinction in any sphere. Macaulay.

2. One of the nobility, or certain high officers of state belonging to the noble estate in the national representation of Hungary, and formerly of Poland.

MAGNES Mag"nes, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Magnet. [Obs.] Spenser.

MAGNESIA Mag*ne"si*a, n. Etym: [L. Magnesia, fem. of Magnesius of the country Magnesia, Gr. Magnet.] (Chem.)

Defn: A light earthy white substance, consisting of magnesium oxide, and obtained by heating magnesium hydrate or carbonate, or by burning magnesium. It has a slightly alkaline reaction, and is used in medicine as a mild antacid laxative. See Magnesium. Magnesia alba Etym: [L.] (Med. Chem.), a bulky white amorphous substance, consisting of a hydrous basic carbonate of magnesium, and used as a mild cathartic.

MAGNESIAN Mag*ne"sian, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, characterized by, or containing, magnesia or magnesium. Magnesian limestone. (Min.) See Dolomite.

MAGNESIC Mag*ne"sic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, magnesium; as, magnesic oxide.

MAGNESITE Mag"ne*site, n. Etym: [Cf. F. magnésite.] (Min.)

Defn: Native magnesium carbonate occurring in white compact or granular masses, and also in rhombohedral crystals.

MAGNESIUM Mag*ne"si*um, n. Etym: [NL. & F. See Magnesia.] (Chem.)

Defn: A light silver-white metallic element, malleable and ductile, quite permanent in dry air but tarnishing in moist air. It burns, forming (the oxide) magnesia, with the production of a blinding light (the so-called magnesium light) which is used in signaling, in pyrotechny, or in photography where a strong actinic illuminant is required. Its compounds occur abundantly, as in dolomite, talc, meerschaum, etc. Symbol Mg. Atomic weight, 24.4. Specific gravity, 1.75. Magnesium sulphate. (Chem.) Same as Epsom salts.

MAGNET Mag"net, n. Etym: [OE. magnete, OF. magnete, L. magnes, -etis, Gr. Magnesia, Manganese.]

1. The loadstone; a species of iron ore (the ferrosoferric or magnetic ore, Fe3O4) which has the property of attracting iron and some of its ores, and, when freely suspended, of pointing to the poles; -- called also natural magnet. Dinocrates began to make the arched roof of the temple of Arsinoë all of magnet, or this loadstone. Holland. Two magnets, heaven and earth, allure to bliss, The larger loadstone that, the nearer this. Dryden.

2. (Physics)

Defn: A bar or mass of steel or iron to which the peculiar properties of the loadstone have been imparted; -- called, in distinction from the loadstone, an artificial magnet.

Note: An artificial magnet, produced by the action of a voltaic or electrical battery, is called an electro-magnet. Field magnet (Physics & Elec.), a magnet used for producing and maintaining a magnetic field; -- used especially of the stationary or exciting magnet of a dynamo or electromotor in distinction from that of the moving portion or armature.

MAGNETIC; MAGNETICAL Mag*net"ic, Mag*net"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. magneticus: cf. F. magnétique.]

1. Pertaining to the magnet; possessing the properties of the magnet, or corresponding properties; as, a magnetic bar of iron; a magnetic needle.

2. Of or pertaining to, or characterized by,, the earth's magnetism; as, the magnetic north; the magnetic meridian.

3. Capable of becoming a magnet; susceptible to magnetism; as, the magnetic metals.

4. Endowed with extraordinary personal power to excite the feelings and to win the affections; attractive; inducing attachment. She that had all magnetic force alone. Donne.

5. Having, susceptible to, or induced by, animal magnetism, so called; as, a magnetic sleep. See Magnetism. Magnetic amplitude, attraction, dip, induction, etc. See under Amplitude, Attraction, etc. -- Magnetic battery, a combination of bar or horseshoe magnets with the like poles adjacent, so as to act together with great power. -- Magnetic compensator, a contrivance connected with a ship's compass for compensating or neutralizing the effect of the iron of the ship upon the needle. -- Magnetic curves, curves indicating lines of magnetic force, as in the arrangement of iron filings between the poles of a powerful magnet. -- Magnetic elements. (a) (Chem. Physics) Those elements, as iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, manganese, etc., which are capable or becoming magnetic. (b) (Physics) In respect to terrestrial magnetism, the declination, inclination, and intensity. (c) See under Element. -- Magnetic equator, the line around the equatorial parts of the earth at which there is no dip, the dipping needle being horizontal. -- Magnetic field, or Field of magnetic force, any space through which magnet exerts its influence. -- Magnetic fluid, the hypothetical fluid whose existence was formerly assumed in the explanations of the phenomena of magnetism. -- Magnetic iron, or Magnetic iron ore. (Min.) Same as Magnetite. -- Magnetic needle, a slender bar of steel, magnetized and suspended at its center on a sharp-pointed pivot, or by a delicate fiber, so that it may take freely the direction of the magnetic meridian. It constitutes the essential part of a compass, such as the mariner's and the surveyor's. -- Magnetic poles, the two points in the opposite polar regions of the earth at which the direction of the dipping needle is vertical. -- Magnetic pyrites. See Pyrrhotite. -- Magnetic storm (Terrestrial Physics), a disturbance of the earth's magnetic force characterized by great and sudden changes. -- Magnetic telegraph, a telegraph acting by means of a magnet. See Telegraph.

MAGNETIC Mag*net"ic, n.

1. A magnet. [Obs.] As the magnetic hardest iron draws. Milton.

2. Any metal, as iron, nickel, cobalt, etc., which may receive, by any means, the properties of the loadstone, and which then, when suspended, fixes itself in the direction of a magnetic meridian.

MAGNETICALLY Mag*net"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By or as by, magnetism.

MAGNETICALNESS Mag*net"ic*al*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being magnetic.

MAGNETICIAN Mag`ne*ti"cian, n.

Defn: One versed in the science of magnetism; a magnetist.

MAGNETICNESS Mag*net"ic*ness, n.

Defn: Magneticalness. [Obs.]

MAGNETICS Mag*net"ics, n.

Defn: The science of magnetism.

MAGNETIFEROUS Mag`net*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. magnes, -etis + -ferous.]

Defn: Producing or conducting magnetism.

MAGNETISM Mag"net*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. magnétisme.]

Defn: The property, quality, or state, of being magnetic; the manifestation of the force in nature which is seen in a magnet.

2. The science which treats of magnetic phenomena.

3. Power of attraction; power to excite the feelings and to gain the affections. "By the magnetism of interest our affections are irresistibly attracted." Glanvill. Animal magnetism, a force, more or less analogous to magnetism, which, it has been alleged, is produced in animal tissues, and passes from one body to another with or without actual contact. The existence of such a force, and its potentiality for the cure of disease, were asserted by Mesmer in 1775. His theories and methods were afterwards called mesmerism, a name which has been popularly applied to theories and claims not put forward by Mesmer himself. See Mesmerism, Biology, Od, Hypnotism. -- Terrestrial magnetism, the magnetic force exerted by the earth, and recognized by its effect upon magnetized needles and bars.

MAGNETIST Mag"net*ist, n.

Defn: One versed in magnetism.

MAGNETITE Mag"net*ite, n. (Min.)

Defn: An oxide of iron (Fe3O4) occurring in isometric crystals, also massive, of a black color and metallic luster. It is readily attracted by a magnet and sometimes possesses polarity, being then called loadstone. It is an important iron ore. Called also magnetic iron.

MAGNETIZABLE Mag"net*i`za*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of magnetized.

MAGNETIZATION Mag`net*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of magnetizing, or the state of being magnetized.

MAGNETIZE Mag"net*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Magnetized; prep. & adv. Magnetizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. magnétiser.]

1. To communicate magnetic properties to; as, to magnetize a needle.

2. To attract as a magnet attracts, or like a magnet; to move; to influence. Fascinated, magnetized, as it were, by his character. Motley.

3. To bring under the influence of animal magnetism.

MAGNETIZEE Mag`net*i*zee", n.

Defn: A person subjected to the influence of animal magnetism. [R.]

MAGNETIZER Mag"net*i`zer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, imparts magnetism.

MAGNETO- Mag"net*o-. Etym: [See Magnet.]

Defn: A prefix meaning pertaining to, produced by, or in some way connected with, magnetism.

MAGNETO-ELECTRIC; MAGNETO-ELECTRICAL Mag`net*o-e*lec"tric, Mag`net*o-e*lec"tric*al, a. (Physics)

Defn: Pertaining to, or characterized by, electricity by the action of magnets; as, magneto-electric induction. Magneto-electric machine, a form of dynamo-electric machine in which the field is maintained by permanent steel magnets instead of electro-magnets.

MAGNETO-ELECTRICITY Mag`net*o-e`lec*tric"i*ty, n.

1. Electricity evolved by the action of magnets.

2. (Physics)

Defn: That branch of science which treats of the development of electricity by the action of magnets; -- the counterpart of electro- magnetism.

MAGNETOGRAPH Mag*net"o*graph, n. Etym: [Magneto- + -graph.] (Physics)

Defn: An automatic instrument for registering, by photography or otherwise, the states and variations of any of the terrestrial magnetic elements.

MAGNETOMETER Mag`net*om"e*ter, n. Etym: [Magneto- + -meter: cf. F. magnétomètre.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the intensity of magnetic forces; also, less frequently, an instrument for determining any of the terrestrial magnetic elements, as the dip and declination.

MAGNETOMETRIC Mag`net*o*met"ric, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or employed in, the measurement of magnetic forces; obtained by means of a magnetometer; as, magnetometric instruments; magnetometric measurements.

MAGNETOMOTIVE Mag`net*o*mo"tive, a. [Magneto-+ motive, a.] (Elec.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a force producing magnetic flux, analogous to electromotive force, and equal to the magnetic flux multiplied by the magnetic reluctance.

MAGNETOMOTOR Mag`net*o*mo"tor, n.

Defn: A voltaic series of two or more large plates, producing a great quantity of electricity of low tension, and hence adapted to the exhibition of electro-magnetic phenomena. [R.]

MAGNETOTHERAPY Mag`net*o*ther"a*py, n. (Med.)

Defn: The treatment of disease by the application of magnets to the surface of the body.

MAGNIFIABLE Mag"ni*fi`a*ble, a. Etym: [From Magnify.]

Defn: Such as can be magnified, or extolled.

MAGNIFIC; MAGNIFICAL Mag*nif"ic, Mag*nif"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. magnificus; magnus great + facere to make: cf. F. magnifique. See Magnitude, Fact. and cf. Magnificent.]

Defn: Grand; splendid; illustrious; magnificent. [Obs.] 1 Chron. xxii. 5. "Thy magnific deeds." Milton. -- Mag*nif"ic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]

MAGNIFICAT Mag*nif"i*cat, n. Etym: [L., it magnifies.]

Defn: The song of the Virgin Mary, Luke i. 46; -- so called because it commences with this word in the Vulgate.

MAGNIFICATE Mag*nif"i*cate, v. t. Etym: [L. magnificatus, p. p. of magnificare.]

Defn: To magnify or extol. [Obs.] Marston.

MAGNIFICATION Mag`ni*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: The act of magnifying; enlargement; exaggeration. [R.]

MAGNIFICENCE Mag*nif"i*cence, n. Etym: [F. magnificence, L. magnificentia. See Magnific.]

Defn: The act of doing what magnificent; the state or quality of being magnificent. Acts xix. 27. "Then cometh magnificence." Chaucer. And, for the heaven's wide circuit, let it speak The Maker's high magnificence, who built so spacious. Milton. The noblest monuments of Roman magnificence. Eustace.

MAGNIFICENT Mag*nif"i*cent, a. Etym: [See Magnificence.]

1. Doing grand things; admirable in action; displaying great power or opulence, especially in building, way of living, and munificence. A prince is never so magnificent As when he's sparing to enrich a few With the injuries of many. Massinger.

2. Grand in appearance; exhibiting grandeur or splendor; splendid' pompous. When Rome's exalted beauties I descry Magnificent in piles of ruin lie. Addison.

Syn. -- Glorious; majestic; sublime. See Grand.

MAGNIFICENTLY Mag*nif"i*cent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a Magnificent manner.

MAGNIFICO Mag*nif"i*co, n.; pl. Magnificoes. Etym: [It. See Magnific.]

1. A grandee or nobleman of Venice; -- so called in courtesy. Shak.

2. A rector of a German university.

MAGNIFIER Mag"ni*fi`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, magnifies.

MAGNIFY Mag"ni*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Magnified; p. pr. & vb. n. Magnifying.] Etym: [OE. magnifien, F. magnifier, L. magnificare. See Magnific.]

1. To make great, or greater; to increase the dimensions of; to amplify; to enlarge, either in fact or in appearance; as, the microscope magnifies the object by a thousand diameters. The least error in a small quantity . . . will in a great one . . . be proportionately magnified. Grew.

2. To increase the importance of; to augment the esteem or respect in which one is held. On that day the Lord magnified Joshua in the sight of all Israel. Joshua iv. 14.

3. To praise highly; to land; to extol. [Archaic] O, magnify the Lord with me, and let us exalt his name together. Ps. xxxiv. 3.

4. To exaggerate; as, to magnify a loss or a difficulty. To magnify one's self (Script.), to exhibit pride and haughtiness; to boast. -- To magnify one's self against (Script.), to oppose with pride.

MAGNIFY Mag"ni*fy, v. i.

1. To have the power of causing objects to appear larger than they really are; to increase the apparent dimensions of objects; as, some lenses magnify but little.

2. To have effect; to be of importance or significance. [Cant & Obs.] Spectator. Magnifying glass, a lens which magnifies the apparent dimensions of objects seen through it.

MAGNILOQUENCE Mag*nil"o*quence, n. Etym: [L. magniloquentia.]

Defn: The quality of being magniloquent; pompous discourse; grandiloquence.

MAGNILOQUENT Mag*nil"o*quent, a. Etym: [L. magnus great + loquens, -entis, p. pr. of loqui to speak. See Magnitude, Loquacious.]

Defn: Speaking pompously; using swelling discourse; bombastic; tumid in style; grandiloquent. -- Mag*nil"o*quent*ly, adv.

MAGNILOQUOUS Mag*nil"o*quous, a. Etym: [L. magniloquus.]

Defn: Magniloquent. [Obs.]

MAGNITUDE Mag"ni*tude, n. Etym: [L. magnitudo, from magnus great. See Master, and cf. Maxim.]

1. Extent of dimensions; size; -- applied to things that have length, breath, and thickness. Conceive those particles of bodies to be so disposed amongst themselves, that the intervals of empty spaces between them may be equal in magnitude to them all. Sir I. Newton.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: That which has one or more of the three dimensions, length, breadth, and thickness.

3. Anything of which greater or less can be predicated, as time, weight, force, and the like.

4. Greatness; grandeur. "With plain, heroic magnitude of mind." Milton.

5. Greatness, in reference to influence or effect; importance; as, an affair of magnitude. The magnitude of his designs. Bp. Horsley. Apparent magnitude (Opt.), the angular breadth of an object viewed as measured by the angle which it subtends at the eye of the observer; - - called also apparent diameter. -- Magnitude of a star (Astron.), the rank of a star with respect to brightness. About twenty very bright stars are said to be of first magnitude, the stars of the sixth magnitude being just visible to the naked eye. Telescopic stars are classified down to the twelfth magnitude or lower. The scale of the magnitudes is quite arbitrary, but by means of photometers, the classification has been made to tenths of a magnitude.

MAGNOLIA Mag*no"li*a, n. Etym: [NL. Named after Pierre Magnol, professor of botany at Montpellier, France, in the 17th century.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of American and Asiatic trees, with aromatic bark and large sweet-scented whitish or reddish flowers.

Note: Magnolia grandiflora has coriaceous shining leaves and very fragrant blossoms. It is common from North Carolina to Florida and Texas, and is one of the most magnificent trees of the American forest. The sweet bay (M. glauca)is a small tree found sparingly as far north as Cape Ann. Other American species are M. Umbrella, M. macrophylla, M. Fraseri, M. acuminata, and M. cordata. M. conspicua and M. purpurea are cultivated shrubs or trees from Eastern Asia. M. Campbellii, of India, has rose-colored or crimson flowers. Magnolia warbler (Zoöl.), a beautiful North American wood warbler (Dendroica maculosa). The rump and under parts are bright yellow; the breast and belly are spotted with black; the under tail coverts are white; the crown is ash.

MAGNOLIACEOUS Mag*no`li*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to a natural order (Magnoliaceæ) of trees of which the magnolia, the tulip tree, and the star anise are examples.

MAGNUM Mag"num, n. Etym: [Neut. sing. of L. magnus great.]

1. A large wine bottle. They passed the magnum to one another freely. Sir W. Scott .

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A bone of the carpus at the base of the third metacarpal bone.

MAGOT Mag"ot, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Barbary ape.

MAGOT-PIE Mag"ot-pie`, n.

Defn: A magpie. [Obs.] Shak.

MAGPIE Mag"pie, n. Etym: [OE. & Prov. E. magot pie, maggoty pie, fr. Mag, Maggot, equiv. to Margaret, and fr. F. Marquerite, and common name of the magpie. Marguerite is fr. L. margarita pearl, Gr. Pie magpie, and cf. the analogous names Tomtit, and Jackdaw.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of the genus Pica and related genera, allied to the jays, but having a long graduated tail.

Note: The common European magpie (Pica pica, or P. caudata) is a black and white noisy and mischievous bird. It can be taught to speak. The American magpie (P. Hudsonica) is very similar. The yellow-belled magpie (P. Nuttalli) inhabits California. The blue magpie (Cyanopolius Cooki) inhabits Spain. Other allied species are found in Asia. The Tasmanian and Australian magpies are crow shrikes, as the white magpie (Gymnorhina organicum), the black magpie (Strepera fuliginosa), and the Australian magpie (Cracticus picatus). Magpie lark (Zoöl.), a common Australian bird (Grallina picata), conspicuously marked with black and white; -- called also little magpie. -- Magpie moth (Zoöl.), a black and white European geometrid moth (Abraxas grossulariata); the harlequin moth. Its larva feeds on currant and gooseberry bushes.

MAGUARI Ma`gua*ri", n. Etym: [From native name: cf. Pg. magoari.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South American stork (Euxenara maguari), having a forked tail.

MAGUEY Mag"uey, n. Etym: [Sp. maguey, Mexican maguei and metl.] (Bot.)

Defn: The century plant, a species of Agave (A. Americana). See Agave.

MAGYAR Mag"yar, n. Etym: [Hung.]

1. (Ethnol.)

Defn: One of the dominant people of Hungary, allied to the Finns; a Hungarian.

2. The language of the Magyars.

MAHA Ma"ha, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A kind of baboon; the wanderoo.

MAHABARATA; MAHABHARATAM Ma*ha*ba"ra*ta, Ma*ha*bha"ra*tam, n. Etym: [Skr. mahabharata.]

Defn: A celebrated epic poem of the Hindoos. It is of great length, and is chiefly devoted to the history of a civil war between two dynasties of ancient India.

MAHALED Ma*ha"led, n.Etym: [Ar. mahled.]

Defn: (Bot.) A cherry tree (Prunus Mahaleb) of Southern Europe. The wood is prized by cabinetmakers, the twigs are used for pipe stems, the flowers and leaves yield a perfume, and from the fruit a violet dye and a fermented liquor (like kirschwasser) are prepared.

MAHARAJAH Ma*ha*ra"jah, n. Etym: [Skr. maharaja; mahat great + raja king.]

Defn: A sovereign prince in India; -- a title given also to other persons of high rank.

MAHARIF Ma`ha*rif", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An African antelope (Hippotragus Bakeri). Its face is striped with black and white.

MAHARMAH Ma*har"mah, n.

Defn: A muslin wrapper for the head and the lower part of the face, worn by Turkish and Armenian women when they go abroad.

MAHATMA Ma*hat"ma, n. [Skr. mahatman, lit., great-souled, wise.] (Theosophy)

Defn: One of a class of sages, or "adepts," reputed to have knowledge and powers of a higher order than those of ordinary men. -- Ma*hat"ma*ism (#), n.

MAHDI Mah"di, n. Etym: [Ar., guide, leader.]

Defn: Among Mohammedans, the last imam or leader of the faithful. The Sunni, the largest sect of the Mohammedans, believe that he is yet to appear.

Note: The title has been taken by several persons in countries where Mohammedanism prevails, -- notably by Mohammad Ahmed, who overran the Egyptian Sudan, and in 1885 captured Khartum, his soldiers killing General Gordon, an Englishman, who was then the Egyptian governor of the region.

MAHDIISM Mah"di*ism, n.

Defn: See Mahdism.

MAHDISM Mah"dism, n.

Defn: Belief in the coming of the Mahdi; fanatical devotion to the cause of the Mahdi or a pretender to that title. -- Mah"dist (#), n.

Mahdism has proved the most shameful and terrible instrument of bloodshed and oppression which the modern world has ever witnessed. E. N. Bennett.

MAHL-STICK Mahl"-stick`, n.

Defn: See Maul-stick.

MAHOE Ma"hoe, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to several malvaceous trees (species of Hibiscus, Ochroma, etc.), and to their strong fibrous inner bark, which is used for strings and cordage.

MAHOGANY Ma*hog"a*ny, n. Etym: [From the South American name.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A large tree of the genus Swietenia (S. Mahogoni), found in tropical America.

Note: Several other trees, with wood more or less like mahogany, are called by this name; as, African mahogany (Khaya Senegalensis), Australian mahogany (Eucalyptus marginatus), Bastard mahogany (Batonia apetala of the West Indies), Indian mahogany (Cedrela Toona of Bengal, and trees of the genera Soymida and Chukrassia), Madeira mahogany (Persea Indica), Mountain mahogany, the black or cherry birch (Betula lenta), also the several species of Cercocarpus of California and the Rocky Mountains.

2. The wood of the Swietenia Mahogoni. It is of a reddish brown color, beautifully veined, very hard, and susceptible of a fine polish. It is used in the manufacture of furniture.

3. A table made of mahogany wood. [Colloq.] To be under the mahogany, to be so drunk as to have fallen under the table. [Eng.] -- To put one's legs under some one's mahogany, to dine with him. [Slang]

MAHOLI Ma*ho"li, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South African lemur (Galago maholi), having very large ears. [Written also moholi.]

MAHOMEDAN; MAHOMETAN Ma*hom"ed*an, Ma*hom"et*an, n.

Defn: See Mohammedan.

MAHOMETANISM Ma*hom"et*an*ism, n.

Defn: See Mohammedanism.

MAHOMETANIZE Ma*hom"et*an*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mahometanized; p. pr. & vb. n. Mahometanizing.]

Defn: To convert to the religion of Mohammed; to Mohammedanize.

MAHOMETISM Ma*hom"et*ism, n.

Defn: See Mohammedanism.

MAHOMETIST Ma*hom"et*ist, n.

Defn: A Mohammedan. [R.]

MAHOMETRY Ma*hom"et*ry, n.

Defn: Mohammedanism. [Obs.]

MAHONE Ma*hone", n.

Defn: A large Turkish ship. Crabb.

MAHONIA Ma*ho"ni*a, n. Etym: [Named after Bernard McMahon.] (Bot.)

Defn: The Oregon grape, a species of barberry (Berberis Aquifolium), often cultivated for its hollylike foliage.

MAHON STOCK Ma*hon" stock`. (Bot.)

Defn: An annual cruciferous plant with reddish purple or white flowers (Malcolmia maritima). It is called in England Virginia stock, but the plant comes from the Mediterranean.

MAHOOHOO Ma*hoo"hoo, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The African white two-horned rhinoceros (Atelodus simus).

MAHORI Ma"ho*ri, n. Etym: [Native name. Cf. Maori.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: One of the dark race inhabiting principally the islands of Eastern Polynesia. Also used adjectively.

MAHOUND Ma`hound, n.

Defn: A contemptuous name for Mohammed; hence, an evil spirit; a devil. [Obs.] Who's this, my mahound cousin Beau. & Fl.

MAHOUT Ma*hout", n. Etym: [Hind. mahawat, Skr. mahamatra; mahat great + matra measure.]

Defn: The keeper and driver of an elephant. [East Indies]

MAHOVO Ma*ho"vo, n. (Mach.)

Defn: A device for saving power in stopping and starting a railroad car, by means of a heavy fly wheel.

MAHRATI Mah*rat"i, n.

Defn: The language of the Mahrattas; the language spoken in the Deccan and Concan. [Written also Marathi.]

MAHRATTA Mah*rat"ta, n. Etym: [Hind. Marhata, Marhatta, the name of a famous Hindoo race, from the old Skr. name Maha-rashtra.]

Defn: One of a numerous people inhabiting the southwestern part of India. Also, the language of the Mahrattas; Mahrati. It is closely allied to Sanskrit. -- a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Mahrattas. [Written also Maratha.]

MAHUMETAN; MAHUMETANISM Ma*hu"met*an, Ma*hu"met*an*ism, n.

Defn: See Mohammedan, Mohammedanism.

MAHWA TREE Mah"wa tree`. (Bot.)

Defn: An East Indian sapotaceous tree (Bassia latifolia, and also B. butyracea), whose timber is used for wagon wheels, and the flowers for food and in preparing an intoxicating drink. It is one of the butter trees. The oil, known as mahwa and yallah, is obtained from the kernels of the fruit.

MAIA Ma"i*a, n. Etym: [From L. Maia, a goddess.] (Zoöl.) (a) A genus of spider crabs, including the common European species (Maia squinado). (b) A beautiful American bombycid moth (Eucronia maia).

MAIAN Ma"ian, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any spider crab of the genus Maia, or family Maiadæ.

MAID Maid, n. Etym: [Shortened from maiden. . See Maiden.]

1. An unmarried woman; usually, a young unmarried woman; esp., a girl; a virgin; a maiden. Would I had died a maid, And never seen thee, never borne thee son. Shak. Can a maid forget her ornaments, or a bride her attire Yet my people have forgotten me. Jer. ii. 32.

2. A man who has not had sexual intercourse. [Obs.] Christ was a maid and shapen as a man. Chaucer.

3. A female servant. Spinning amongst her maids. Shak.

Note: Maid is used either adjectively or in composition, signifying female, as in maid child, maidservant.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The female of a ray or skate, esp. of the gray skate (Raia batis), and of the thornback (R. clavata). [Prov. Eng.] Fair maid. (Zoöl.) See under Fair, a. -- Maid of honor, a female attendant of a queen or royal princess; - - usually of noble family, and having to perform only nominal or honorary duties. -- Old maid. See under Old.

MAIDAN Mai*dan", n. [Written also midan, meidan, mydan, etc.] [Hind. & Per. maidan, fr. Ar. maidan.]

Defn: In various parts of Asia, an open space, as for military exercises, or for a market place; an open grassy tract; an esplanade.

A gallop on the green maidan. M. Crawford.

MAIDEN Maid"en, n. Etym: [OE. maiden, meiden, AS. mægden, dim. of AS. mæg, fr. mago son, servant; akin to G. magd, mädchen, maid, OHG. magad, Icel. mögr son, Goth. magus boy, child, magaps virgin, and perh. to Zend. magu youth. Cf. Maid a virgin.]

1. An unmarried woman; a girl or woman who has not experienced sexual intercourse; a virgin; a maid. She employed the residue of her life to repairing of highways, building of bridges, and endowing of maidens. Carew. A maiden of our century, yet most meek. Tennyson.

2. A female servant. [Obs.]

3. An instrument resembling the guillotine, formerly used in Scotland for beheading criminals. Wharton.

4. A machine for washing linen.

MAIDEN Maid"en, a.

1. Of or pertaining to a maiden, or to maidens; suitable to, or characteristic of, a virgin; as, maiden innocence. "Amid the maiden throng." Addison. Have you no modesty, no maiden shame Shak.

2. Never having been married; not having had sexual intercourse; virgin; -- said usually of the woman, but sometimes of the man; as, a maiden aunt. "A surprising old maiden lady." Thackeray.

3. Fresh; innocent; unpolluted; pure; hitherto unused. "Maiden flowers.' Shak. Full bravely hast thou fleshed Thy maiden sword. Shak.

4. Used of a fortress, signifying that it has never been captured, or violated. T. Warton. Macaulay. Maiden assize (Eng. Law), an assize which there is no criminal prosecution; an assize which is unpolluted with blood. It was usual, at such an assize, for the sheriff to present the judge with a pair of white gloves. Smart. -- Maiden name, the surname of a woman before her marriage. -- Maiden pink. (Bot.) See under Pink. -- Maiden plum (Bot.), a West Indian tree (Comocladia integrifolia) with purplish drupes. The sap of the tree is glutinous, and gives a persistent black stain. -- Maiden speech, the first speech made by a person, esp. by a new member in a public body. -- Maiden tower, the tower most capable of resisting an enemy.

MAIDEN Maid"en, v. t.

Defn: To act coyly like a maiden; -- with it as an indefinite object. For had I maiden'd it, as many use. Loath for to grant, but loather to refuse. Bp. Hall.

MAIDENHAIR Maid"en*hair`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A fern of the genus Adiantum (A. pedatum), having very slender graceful stalks. It is common in the United States, and is sometimes used in medicine. The name is also applied to other species of the same genus, as to the Venus-hair. Maiden grass, the smaller quaking grass. -- Maiden tree. See Ginkgo.

MAIDENHEAD Maid"en*head, n. Etym: [See Maidenhood.]

1. The state of being a maiden; maidenhood; virginity. Shak.

2. The state of being unused or uncontaminated; freshness; purity. [Obs.] The maidenhead of their credit. Sir H. Wotton.

3. The hymen, or virginal membrane.

MAIDENHOOD Maid"en*hood, n. Etym: [AS. mægdenhad. See Maid, and -hood.]

1. The state of being a maid or a virgin; virginity. Shak.

2. Newness; freshness; uncontaminated state. The maidenhood Of thy fight. Shak.

MAIDENLIKE Maid"en*like`, a.

Defn: Like a maiden; modest; coy.

MAIDENLINESS Maid"en*li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being maidenly; the behavior that becomes a maid; modesty; gentleness.

MAIDENLY Maid"en*ly, a.

Defn: Like a maid; suiting a maid; maiden-like; gentle, modest, reserved. Must you be blushing . . . What a maidenly man-at-arms are you become ! Shak.

MAIDENLY Maid"en*ly, adv.

Defn: In a maidenlike manner. "Maidenly demure." Skelton.

MAIDENSHIP Maid"en*ship, n.

Defn: Maidenhood. [Obs.] Fuller.

MAIDHOOD Maid"hood, n. Etym: [AS. mæg. See Maid, and -hood.]

Defn: Maidenhood. Shak.

MAIDMARIAN Maid`ma"ri*an, n. Etym: [Maid + Marian, relating to Mary, or the Virgin Mary.]

1. The lady of the May games; one of the characters in a morris dance; a May queen. Afterward, a grotesque character personated in sports and buffoonery by a man in woman's clothes.

2. A kind of dance. Sir W. Temple.

MAIDPALE Maid"pale`, a.

Defn: Pale, like a sick girl. Shak.

MAIDSERVANT Maid"serv`ant, n.

Defn: A female servant.

MAID'S HAIR Maid's" hair`. (Bot.)

Defn: The yellow bedstraw (Galium verum).

MAIEUTIC; MAIEUTICAL Ma*ieu"tic, Ma*ieu"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

1. Serving to assist childbirth. Cudworth.

2. Fig. : Aiding, or tending to, the definition and interpretation of thoughts or language. Payne.

MAIEUTICS Ma*ieu"tics, n.

Defn: The art of giving birth (i. e., clearness and conviction) to ideas, which are conceived as struggling for birth. Payne.

MAIGER Mai"ger, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The meagre.

MAIGRE Mai"gre, a. Etym: [F. See Meager.]

Defn: Belonging to a fast day or fast; as, a maigre day. Walpole. Maigre food (R. C. Ch.), food allowed to be eaten on fast days.

MAIHEM Mai"hem, n.

Defn: See Maim, and Mayhem.

MAIKEL Mai*kel", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South American carnivore of the genus Conepatus, allied to the skunk, but larger, and having a longer snout. The tail is not bushy.

MAIKONG Mai*kong", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South American wild dog (Canis cancrivorus); the crab-eating dog.

MAIL Mail, n.

Defn: A spot. [Obs.]

MAIL Mail, n. Etym: [F. maille, OF. also maaille, LL. medalia. See Medal.]

1. A small piece of money; especially, an English silver half-penny of the time of Henry V. [Obs.] [Written also maile, and maille.]

2. Rent; tribute. [Obs., except in certain compounds and phrases, as blackmail, mails and duties, etc.] Mail and duties (Scots Law), the rents of an estate, in whatever form paid.

MAIL Mail, n. Etym: [OE. maile, maille, F. maille a ring of mail, mesh, network, a coat of mail, fr. L. macula spot, a mesh of a net. Cf. Macle, Macula, Mascle.]

1. A flexible fabric made of metal rings interlinked. It was used especially for defensive armor. Chaucer. Chain mail, Coat of mail. See under Chain, and Coat.

2. Hence generally, armor, or any defensive covering.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: A contrivance of interlinked rings, for rubbing off the loose hemp on lines and white cordage.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any hard protective covering of an animal, as the scales and plates of reptiles, shell of a lobster, etc. We . . . strip the lobster of his scarlet mail. Gay.

MAIL Mail, v. t.

1. To arm with mail.

2. To pinion. [Obs.]

MAIL Mail, n. Etym: [OE. male bag, OF. male, F. malle bag, trunk, mail, OHG. malaha, malha, wallet; akin to D. maal, male; cf. Gael. & Ir. mala, Gr.

1. A bag; a wallet. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. The bag or bags with the letters, papers, papers, or other matter contained therein, conveyed under public authority from one post office to another; the whole system of appliances used by government in the conveyance and delivery of mail matter. There is a mail come in to-day, with letters dated Hague. Tatler.

3. That which comes in the mail; letters, etc., received through the post office.

4. A trunk, box, or bag, in which clothing, etc., may be carried. [Obs.] Sir W. Scott. Mail bag, a bag in which mailed matter is conveyed under public authority. -- Mail boat, a boat that carries the mail. -- Mail catcher, an iron rod, or other contrivance, attached to a railroad car for catching a mail bag while the train is in motion. -- Mail guard, an officer whose duty it is to guard the public mails. [Eng.] -- Mail train, a railroad train carrying the mail.

MAIL Mail, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Mailing.]

Defn: To deliver into the custody of the postoffice officials, or place in a government letter box, for transmission by mail; to post; as, to mail a letter. [U. S.]

Note: In the United States to mail and to post are both in common use; as, to mail or post a letter. In England post is the commoner usage.

MAILABLE Mail"a*ble, a.

Defn: Admissible lawfully into the mail. [U.S.]

MAILCLAD Mail"clad`, a.

Defn: Protected by a coat of mail; clad in armor. Sir W. Scott.

MAILED Mailed, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Protected by an external coat, or covering, of scales or plates.

MAILED Mailed, a. Etym: [See 1st Mail.]

Defn: Spotted; speckled.

MAILING Mail"ing, n. Etym: [Scot., fr. mail tribute, rent. See 2d Mail.]

Defn: A farm. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

MAIL-SHELL Mail"-shell`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A chiton.

MAIM Maim, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maimed;p. pr. & vb. n. Maiming.] Etym: [OE. maimen, OF. mahaignier, mehaignier, meshaignier, cf. It. magagnare, LL. mahemiare, mahennare; perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Armor. mac'ha to mutilate, mac'ha to crowd, press; or cf. OHG. mang to lack, perh. akin to E. mangle to lacerate. Cf. Mayhem.]

1. To deprive of the use of a limb, so as to render a person on fighting less able either to defend himself or to annoy his adversary. By the ancient law of England he that maimed any man whereby he lost any part of his body, was sentenced to lose the like part. Blackstone.

2. To mutilate; to cripple; to injure; to disable; to impair. My late maimed limbs lack wonted might. Spenser. You maimed the jurisdiction of all bishops. Shak.

Syn. -- To mutilate; mangle; cripple.

MAIM Maim, n. [Written in law language maihem, and mayhem.] Etym: [OF. mehaing. See Maim, v.]

1. The privation of the use of a limb or member of the body, by which one is rendered less able to defend himself or to annoy his adversary.

2. The privation of any necessary part; a crippling; mutilation; injury; deprivation of something essential. See Mayhem. Surely there is more cause to fear lest the want there of be a maim than the use of it a blemish. Hooker. A noble author esteems it to be a maim in history that the acts of Parliament should not be recited. Hayward.

MAIMEDLY Maim"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a maimed manner.

MAIMEDNESS Maim"ed*ness, n.

Defn: State of being maimed. Bolton.

MAIN Main, n. Etym: [F. main hand, L. manus. See Manual.]

1. A hand or match at dice. Prior. Thackeray.

2. A stake played for at dice. [Obs.] Shak.

3. The largest throw in a match at dice; a throw at dice within given limits, as in the game of hazard.

4. A match at cockfighting. "My lord would ride twenty miles . . . to see a main fought." Thackeray.

5. A main-hamper. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

MAIN Main, n. Etym: [AS. mægen strength, power, force; akin to OHG. magan, Icel. megin, and to E. may, v. May, v.]

1. Strength; force; might; violent effort. [Obs., except in certain phrases.] There were in this battle of most might and main. R. of Gl. He 'gan advance, With huge force, and with importable main. Spenser.

2. The chief or principal part; the main or most important thing. [Obs., except in special uses.] Resolved to rest upon the title of Lancaster as the main, and to use the other two . . . but as supporters. Bacon.

3. Specifically: (a) The great sea, as distinguished from an arm, bay, etc. ; the high sea; the ocean. "Struggling in the main." Dryden. (b) The continent, as distinguished from an island; the mainland. "Invaded the main of Spain." Bacon. (c) principal duct or pipe, as distinguished from lesser ones; esp. (Engin.), a principal pipe leading to or from a reservoir; as, a fire main. Forcing main, the delivery pipe of a pump. -- For the main, or In the main, for the most part; in the greatest part. -- With might and main, or With all one's might and main, with all one's strength; with violent effort. With might and main they chased the murderous fox. Dryden.

MAIN Main, a. Etym: [From Main strength, possibly influenced by OF. maine, magne, great, L. magnus. Cf. Magnate.]

1. Very or extremely strong. [Obs.] That current with main fury ran. Daniel.

2. Vast; huge. [Obs.] "The main abyss." Milton.

3. Unqualified; absolute; entire; sheer. [Obs.] "It's a man untruth." Sir W. Scott.

4. Principal; chief; first in size, rank, importance, etc. Our main interest is to be happy as we can. Tillotson.

5. Important; necessary. [Obs.] That which thou aright Believest so main to our success, I bring. Milton. By main force, by mere force or sheer force; by violent effort; as, to subdue insurrection by main force. That Maine which by main force Warwick did win. Shak. -- By main strength, by sheer strength; as, to lift a heavy weight by main strength. -- Main beam (Steam Engine), working beam. -- Main boom (Naut.), the boom which extends the foot of the mainsail in a fore and aft vessel. -- Main brace. (a) (Mech.) The brace which resists the chief strain. Cf. Counter brace. (b) (Naut.) The brace attached to the main yard. -- Main center (Steam Engine), a shaft upon which a working beam or side lever swings. -- Main chance. See under Chance. -- Main couple (Arch.), the principal truss in a roof. -- Main deck (Naut.), the deck next below the spar deck; the principal deck. -- Main keel (Naut.), the principal or true keel of a vessel, as distinguished from the false keel.

Syn. -- Principal; chief; leading; cardinal; capital.

MAIN Main, adv. Etym: [See Main, a.]

Defn: Very extremely; as, main heavy. "I'm main dry." Foote. [Obs. or Low]

MAINE Maine, n.

Defn: One of the New England States. Maine law, any law prohibiting the manufacture and sale of intoxicating beverages, esp. one resembling that enacted in the State of Maine.

MAIN-GAUCHE Main`-gauche" (mâN`gosh"), n. Etym: [F., the left hand.] (Ancient Armor)

Defn: The dagger held in the left hand, while the rapier is held in the right; -- used to parry thrusts of the adversary's rapier.

MAIN-HAMPER Main"-ham`per, n. Etym: [F. main hand (see Main a hand at dice) + E. hamper.]

Defn: A hamper to be carried in the hand; a hand basket used in carrying grapes to the press.

MAINLAND Main"land`, n.

Defn: The continent; the principal land; -- opposed to island, or peninsula. Dryden. After the two wayfarers had crossed from the peninsula to the mainland. Hawthorne.

MAINLY Main"ly, adv. Etym: [From main strong. See Main strength.]

Defn: Very strongly; mightily; to a great degree. [Obs.] Bacon. Shak.

MAINLY Main"ly, adv. Etym: [From main principal, chief.]

Defn: Principally; chiefly.

MAINMAST Main"mast`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: The principal mast in a ship or other vessel.

MAINOR Main"or, n. Etym: [Anglo-Norm. meinoure, OF. manuevre. See Maneuver.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A thing stolen found on the person of the thief.

Note: A thief was said to be "taken with the mainor," when he was taken with the thing stolen upon him, that is, in his hands. Wharton. Bouvier.

MAINPERNABLE Main"per*na*ble, a. Etym: [OF. main hand + pernable, for prenable, that may be taken, pregnable. See Mainpernor.] (Law)

Defn: Capable of being admitted to give surety by mainpernors; able to be mainprised.

MAINPERNOR Main"per*nor, n. Etym: [OF. main hand + pernor, for preneor, a taker, F. preneur, fr. prendre to take.] (Law)

Defn: A surety, under the old writ of mainprise, for a prisoner's appearance in court at a day.

Note: Mainpernors differ from bail in that a man's bail may imprison or surrender him before the stipulated day of appearance; mainpernors can do neither; they are bound to produce him to answer all charges whatsoever. Blackstone.

MAINPIN Main"pin, n. (Vehicles)

Defn: A kingbolt.

MAINPRISE Main"prise, n. Etym: [F. main hand + prise a taking, fr. prendre, p. p. pris to take, fr. L. prehendere, prehensum.] (Law) (a) A writ directed to the sheriff, commanding him to take sureties, called mainpernors, for the prisoner's appearance, and to let him go at large. This writ is now obsolete. Wharton. (b) Deliverance of a prisoner on security for his appearance at a day.

MAINPRISE Main"prise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mainprised; p. pr. & vb. n. Mainprising.] (Law)

Defn: To suffer to go at large, on his finding sureties, or mainpernors, for his appearance at a day; -- said of a prisoner.

MAINS Mains, n. Etym: [Scot. See Manse.]

Defn: The farm attached to a mansion house. [Scot.]

MAINSAIL Main"sail`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: The principal sail in a ship or other vessel. [They] hoised up the mainsail to the wind. Acts xxvii. 40.

Note: The mainsail of a ship is extended upon a yard attached to the mainmast, and that of a sloop or schooner upon the boom.

MAINSHEET Main"sheet`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: One of the ropes by which the mainsail is hauled aft and trimmed.

MAINSPRING Main"spring`, n.

Defn: The principal or most important spring in a piece of mechanism, especially the moving spring of a watch or clock or the spring in a gunlock which impels the hammer. Hence: The chief or most powerful motive; the efficient cause of action.

MAINSTAY Main"stay`, n.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: The stay extending from the foot of the foremast to the maintop.

2. Main support; principal dependence. The great mainstay of the Church. Buckle.

MAINSWEAR Main"swear`, v. i. Etym: [AS. manswerian to forswear; man sin, crime + swerian to swear.]

Defn: To swear falsely. [Obs.] Blount.

MAINTAIN Main*tain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maintained; p. pr. & vb. n. Maintaining.] Etym: [OE. maintenen, F. maintenir, properly, to hold by the hand; main hand (L. manus) + F. tenir to hold (L.tenere). See Manual, and Tenable.]

1. To hold or keep in any particular state or condition; to support; to sustain; to uphold; to keep up; not to suffer to fail or decline; as, to maintain a certain degree of heat in a furnace; to maintain a fence or a railroad; to maintain the digestive process or powers of the stomach; to maintain the fertility of soil; to maintain present reputation.

2. To keep possession of; to hold and defend; not to surrender or relinquish. God values . . . every one as he maintains his post. Grew.

3. To continue; not to suffer to cease or fail. Maintain talk with the duke. Shak.

4. To bear the expense of; to support; to keep up; to supply with what is needed. Glad, by his labor, to maintain his life. Stirling. What maintains one vice would bring up two children. Franklin.

5. To affirm; to support or defend by argument. It is hard to maintain the truth, but much harder to be maintained by it. South.

Syn. -- To assert; vindicate; allege. See Assert.

MAINTAINABLE Main*tain"a*ble, a.

Defn: That maybe maintained.

MAINTAINER Main*tain"er, n.

Defn: One who maintains.

MAINTAINOR Main*tain"or, n. Etym: [OF. mainteneor, F. mainteneur.] (Crim. Law)

Defn: One who, not being interested, maintains a cause depending between others, by furnishing money, etc., to either party. Bouvier. Wharton.

MAINTENANCE Main"te*nance, n. Etym: [OF. maintenance. See Maintain.]

1. The act of maintaining; sustenance; support; defense; vindication. Whatsoever is granted to the church for God's honor and the maintenance of his service, is granted to God. South.

2. That which maintains or supports; means of sustenance; supply of necessaries and conveniences. Those of better fortune not making learning their maintenance. Swift.

3. (Crim. Law)

Defn: An officious or unlawful intermeddling in a cause depending between others, by assisting either party with money or means to carry it on. See Champerty. Wharton. Cap of maintenance. See under Cap.

MAINTOP Main"top`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: The platform about the head of the mainmast in square-rigged vessels.

MAIN YARD Main" yard`. (Naut.)

Defn: The yard on which the mainsail is extended, supported by the mainmast.

MAIOID Mai"oid, a. Etym: [Maia + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the genus Maia, or family Maiadeæ.

MAISTER Mais"ter, n.

Defn: Master. [Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.

MAISTER Mais"ter, a.

Defn: Principal; chief. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MAISTRE; MAISTRIE; MAISTRY Mais"tre, Mais"trie, Mais"try, n.

Defn: Mastery; superiority; art. See Mastery. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MAISTRESS Mais"tress, n.

Defn: Mistress. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MAITHES Mai"thes, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Maghet.

MAIZE Maize, n. Etym: [Sp. maiz. fr. mahiz or mahis, i (Bot.)

Defn: A large species of American grass of the genus Zea (Z. Mays), widely cultivated as a forage and food plant; Indian corn. Also, its seed, growing on cobs, and used as food for men animals. Maize eater (Zoöl.), a South American bird of the genus Pseudoleistes, allied to the troupials. -- Maize yellow, a delicate pale yellow.

MAJESTATIC; MAJESTATAL Maj`es*tat"ic, Maj`es*tat"*al, a.

Defn: Majestic. [Obs.] E. Pocock. Dr. J. Scott.

MAJESTIC Ma*jes"tic, a. Etym: [From Majesty.]

Defn: Possessing or exhibiting majesty; of august dignity, stateliness, or imposing grandeur; lofty; noble; grand. "The majestic world." Shak. "Tethys'grave majestic pace." Milton. The least portions must be of the epic kind; all must be grave, majestic, and sublime. Dryden .

Syn. -- August; splendid; grand; sublime; magnificent; imperial; regal; pompous; stately; lofty; dignified; elevated.

MAJESTICAL Ma*jes"tic*al, a.

Defn: Majestic. Cowley. An older architecture, greater, cunninger, more majestical. M. Arnold. -- Ma*jes"tic*al*ly, adv. -- Ma*jes"tic*al*ness, n.

MAJESTICNESS Ma*jes"tic*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being majestic. Oldenburg.

MAJESTY Maj"es*ty, n.; pl. Majesties. Etym: [OE. magestee, F. majesté, L. majestas, fr. an old compar. of magnus great. See Major, Master.]

Defn: The dignity and authority of sovereign power; quality or state which inspires awe or reverence; grandeur; exalted dignity, whether proceeding from rank, character, or bearing; imposing loftiness; stateliness; -- usually applied to the rank and dignity of sovereigns. The Lord reigneth; he is clothed with majesty. Ps. xciii. 1. No sovereign has ever represented the majesty of great state with more dignity and grace. Macaulay.

2. Hence, used with the possessive pronoun, the title of an emperor, king or queen; -- in this sense taking a plural; as, their majesties attended the concert. In all the public writs which he [Emperor Charles V.] now issued as King of Spain, he assumed the title of Majesty, and required it from his subjects as a mark of respect. Before that time all the monarchs of Europe were satisfied with the appellation of Highness or Grace. Robertson.

3. Dignity; elevation of manner or style. Dryden.

MAJOLICA Ma*jol"i*ca, n. Etym: [It.]

Defn: A kind of pottery, with opaque glazing and showy, which reached its greatest perfection in Italy in the 16th century.

Note: The term is said to be derived from Majorca, which was an early seat of this manufacture. Heyse.

MAJOR Ma"jor, Etym: [L. major, compar. of magnus great: cf. F. majeur. Cf. Master, Mayor, Magnitude, More, a.]

1. Greater in number, quantity, or extent; as, the major part of the assembly; the major part of the revenue; the major part of the territory.

2. Of greater dignity; more important. Shak.

3. Of full legal age. [Obs.]

4. (Mus.)

Defn: Greater by a semitone, either in interval or in difference of pitch from another tone. Major axis (Geom.), the greater axis. See Focus, n., 2. -- Major key (Mus.), a key in which one and two, two and three, four and five, five and six and seven, make major seconds, and three and four, and seven and eight, make minor seconds. -- Major offense (Law), an offense of a greater degree which contains a lesser offense, as murder and robbery include assault. -- Major premise (Logic), that premise of a syllogism which contains the major term. -- Major scale (Mus.), the natural diatonic scale, which has semitones between the third and fourth, and seventh and fourth, and seventh and eighth degrees; the scale of the major mode, of which the third is major. See Scale, and Diatonic. -- Major second (Mus.), a second between whose tones is a difference in pitch of a step. -- Major sixth (Mus.), a sixth of four steps and a half step. In major keys the third and sixth from the key tone are major. Major keys and intervals, as distinguished from minors, are more cheerful. -- Major term (Logic), that term of a syllogism which forms the predicate of the conclusion. -- Major third (Mus.), a third of two steps.

MAJOR Ma"jor, n. Etym: [F. major. See Major, a.]

1. (Mil.)

Defn: An officer next in rank above a captain and next below a lieutenant colonel; the lowest field officer.

2. (Law)

Defn: A person of full age.

3. (Logic)

Defn: That premise which contains the major term. It its the first proposition of a regular syllogism; as: No unholy person is qualified for happiness in heaven [the major]. Every man in his natural state is unholy [minor]. Therefore, no man in his natural state is qualified for happiness in heaven [conclusion or inference].

Note: In hypothetical syllogisms, the hypothetical premise is called the major.

4. Etym: [LL. See Major.]

Defn: A mayor. [Obs.] Bacon.

MAJORAT Ma`jo`rat", n. Etym: [F. majorat, LL. majoratus. See Major, a., and cf. Majorate.]

1. The right of succession to property according to age; -- so termed in some of the countries of continental Europe.

2. (French Law)

Defn: Property, landed or funded, so attached to a title of honor as to descend with it.

MAJORATE Ma"jor*ate, n.

Defn: The office or rank of a major.

MAJORATE Ma"jor*ate, v. t. Etym: [LL. majorare to augment. See Major, a.]

Defn: To augment; to increase. [Obs.] Howell.

MAJORATION Ma`jor*a"tion, n.

Defn: Increase; enlargement. [Obs.] Bacon.

MAJORCAN Ma*jor"can, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Majorca. -- n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Majorca.

MAJOR-DOMO Ma`jor-do"mo, n. Etym: [Sp. mayordomo, or It. maggiordomo; both fr. LL. majordomus; L. major greater + domus house.]

Defn: A man who has authority to act, within certain limits, as master of the house; a steward; also, a chief minister or officer.

MAJOR GENERAL Ma"jor gen"er*al

Defn: . An officer of the army holding a rank next above that of brigadier general and next below that of lieutenant general, and who usually commands a division or a corps.

MAJORITY Ma*jor"i*ty, n.; pl. Majorities. Etym: [F. majorité. See Major.]

1. The quality or condition of being major or greater; superiority. Specifically: (a) The military rank of a major. (b) The condition of being of full age, or authorized by law to manage one's own affairs.

2. The greater number; more than half; as, a majority of mankind; a majority of the votes cast.

3. Etym: [Cf. L. majores.]

Defn: Ancestors; ancestry. [Obs.]

4. The amount or number by which one aggregate exceeds all other aggregates with which it is contrasted; especially, the number by which the votes for a successful candidate exceed those for all other candidates; as, he is elected by a majority of five hundred votes. See Plurality. To go over to, or To join, the majority, to die.

MAJORSHIP Ma"jor*ship, n.

Defn: The office of major.

MAJOUN Maj"oun, n.

Defn: See Madjoun.

MAJUSCULAE Ma*jus"cu*læ, n. pl. Etym: [L., fem. pl. fr. majusculus somewhat greater or great, dim. of major, majus. See Major.] (Palæography)

Defn: Capital letters, as found in manuscripts of the sixth century and earlier.

MAJUSCULE Ma*jus"cule, n. Etym: [Cf. F. majuscule. See Majusculæ.]

Defn: A capital letter; especially, one used in ancient manuscripts. See Majusculæ. Majuscule writing, writing composed wholly of capital letters, especially the style which prevailed in Europe from the third to the sixth century.

MAKABLE Mak"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being made.

MAKARON Mak"a*ron, n.

Defn: See Macaroon, 2. [Obs.]

MAKE Make, n. Etym: [AS. maca, gemaca. See Match.]

Defn: A companion; a mate; often, a husband or a wife. [Obs.] For in this world no woman is Worthy to be my make. Chaucer.

MAKE Make, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Made; p. pr. & vb. n. Making.] Etym: [OE. maken, makien, AS. macian; akin to OS. mak, OFries. makia, D. maken, G. machen, OHG. mahh to join, fit, prepare, make, Dan. mage. Cf. Match an equal.]

1. To cause to exist; to bring into being; to form; to produce; to frame; to fashion; to create. Hence, in various specific uses or applications: (a) To form of materials; to cause to exist in a certain form; to construct; to fabricate. He . . . fashioned it with a graving tool, after he had made it a molten calf. Ex. xxxii. 4.

(b) To produce, as something artificial, unnatural, or false; -- often with up; as, to make up a story. And Art, with her contending, doth aspire To excel the natural with made delights. Spenser.

(c) To bring about; to bring forward; to be the cause or agent of; to effect, do, perform, or execute; -- often used with a noun to form a phrase equivalent to the simple verb that corresponds to such noun; as, to make complaint, for to complain; to make record of, for to record; to make abode, for to abide, etc. Call for Samson, that he may make us sport. Judg. xvi. 25. Wealth maketh many friends. Prov. xix. 4. I will neither plead my age nor sickness in excuse of the faults which I have made. Dryden.

(d) To execute with the requisite formalities; as, to make a bill, note, will, deed, etc. (e) To gain, as the result of one's efforts; to get, as profit; to make acquisition of; to have accrue or happen to one; as, to make a large profit; to make an error; to make a loss; to make money. He accuseth Neptune unjustly who makes shipwreck a second time. Bacon.

(f) To find, as the result of calculation or computation; to ascertain by enumeration; to find the number or amount of, by reckoning, weighing, measurement, and the like; as, he made the distance of; to travel over; as, the ship makes ten knots an hour; he made the distance in one day. (h) To put a desired or desirable condition; to cause to thrive. Who makes or ruins with a smile or frown. Dryden.

2. To cause to be or become; to put into a given state verb, or adjective; to constitute; as, to make known; to make public; to make fast. Who made thee a prince and a judge over us Ex. ii. 14. See, I have made thee a god to Pharaoh. Ex. vii. 1.

Note: When used reflexively with an adjective, the reflexive pronoun is often omitted; as, to make merry; to make bold; to make free, etc.

3. To cause to appear to be; to constitute subjectively; to esteem, suppose, or represent. He is not that goose and ass that Valla would make him. Baker.

4. To require; to constrain; to compel; to force; to cause; to occasion; -- followed by a noun or pronoun and infinitive.

Note: In the active voice the to of the infinitive is usually omitted. I will make them hear my words. Deut. iv. 10. They should be made to rise at their early hour. Locke.

5. To become; to be, or to be capable of being, changed or fashioned into; to do the part or office of; to furnish the material for; as, he will make a good musician; sweet cider makes sour vinegar; wool makes warm clothing. And old cloak makes a new jerkin. Shak.

6. To compose, as parts, ingredients, or materials; to constitute; to form; to amount to. The heaven, the air, the earth, and boundless sea, Make but one temple for the Deity. Waller.

7. To be engaged or concerned in. [Obs.] Gomez, what makest thou here, with a whole brotherhood of city bailiffs Dryden.

8. To reach; to attain; to arrive at or in sight of. "And make the Libyan shores." Dryden. They that sail in the middle can make no land of either side. Sir T. Browne. To make a bed, to prepare a bed for being slept on, or to put it in order. -- To make a card (Card Playing), to take a trick with it. -- To make account. See under Account, n. -- To make account of, to esteem; to regard. -- To make away. (a) To put out of the way; to kill; to destroy. [Obs.] If a child were crooked or deformed in body or mind, they made him away. Burton. (b) To alienate; to transfer; to make over. [Obs.] Waller. -- To make believe, to pretend; to feign; to simulate. -- To make bold, to take the liberty; to venture. -- To make the cards (Card Playing), to shuffle the pack. -- To make choice of, to take by way of preference; to choose. -- To make danger, to make experiment. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. -- To make default (Law), to fail to appear or answer. -- To make the doors, to shut the door. [Obs.] Make the doors upon a woman's wit, and it will out at the casement. Shak. - To make free with. See under Free, a. -- To make good. See under Good. -- To make head, to make headway. -- To make light of. See under Light, a. -- To make little of. (a) To belittle. (b) To accomplish easily. -- To make love to. See under Love, n. -- To make meat, to cure meat in the open air. [Colloq. Western U. S.] -- To make merry, to feast; to be joyful or jovial. -- To make much of, to treat with much consideration,, attention, or fondness; to value highly. -- To make no bones. See under Bone, n. -- To make no difference, to have no weight or influence; to be a matter of indifference. -- To make no doubt, to have no doubt. -- To make no matter, to have no weight or importance; to make no difference. -- To make oath (Law), to swear, as to the truth of something, in a prescribed form of law. -- To make of. (a) To understand or think concerning; as, not to know what to make of the news. (b) To pay attention to; to cherish; to esteem; to account. "Makes she no more of me than of a slave." Dryden. -- To make one's law (Old Law), to adduce proof to clear one's self of a charge. -- To make out. (a) To find out; to discover; to decipher; as, to make out the meaning of a letter. (b) To prove; to establish; as, the plaintiff was unable to make out his case. (c) To make complete or exact; as, he was not able to make out the money. -- To make over, to transfer the title of; to convey; to alienate; as, he made over his estate in trust or in fee. -- To make sail. (Naut.) (a) To increase the quantity of sail already extended. (b) To set sail. -- To make shift, to manage by expedients; as, they made shift to do without it. [Colloq.]. -- To make sternway, to move with the stern foremost; to go or drift backward. -- To make strange, to act in an unfriendly manner or as if surprised; to treat as strange; as, to make strange of a request or suggestion. -- To make suit to, to endeavor to gain the favor of; to court. -- To make sure. See under Sure. -- To make up. (a) To collect into a sum or mass; as, to make up the amount of rent; to make up a bundle or package. (b) To reconcile; to compose; as, to make up a difference or quarrel. (c) To supply what is wanting in; to complete; as, a dollar is wanted to make up the stipulated sum. (d) To compose, as from ingredients or parts; to shape, prepare, or fabricate; as, to make up a mass into pills; to make up a story. He was all made up of love and charms! Addison. (e) To compensate; to make good; as, to make up a loss. (f) To adjust, or to arrange for settlement; as, to make up accounts. (g) To dress and paint for a part, as an actor; as, he was well made up. -- To make up a face, to distort the face as an expression of pain or derision. -- To make up one's mind, to reach a mental determination; to resolve. -- To make water. (a) (Naut.) To leak. (b) To urinate. -- To make way, or To make one's way. (a) To make progress; to advance. (b) To open a passage; to clear the way. -- To make words, to multiply words.

MAKE Make, v. i.

1. To act in a certain manner; to have to do; to manage; to interfere; to be active; -- often in the phrase to meddle or make. [Obs.] A scurvy, jack-a-nape priest to meddle or make. Shak.

2. To proceed; to tend; to move; to go; as, he made toward home; the tiger made at the sportsmen.

Note: Formerly, authors used to make on, to make forth, to make about; but these phrases are obsolete. We now say, to make at, to make away, to make for, to make off, to make toward, etc.

3. To tend; to contribute; to have effect; -- with for or against; as, it makes for his advantage. M. Arnold. Follow after the things which make for peace. Rom. xiv. 19. Considerations infinite Do make against it. Shak.

4. To increase; to augment; to accrue.

5. To compose verses; to write poetry; to versify. [Archaic] Chaucer. Tennyson. To solace him some time, as I do when I make. P. Plowman. To make as if, or To make as though, to pretend that; to make show that; to make believe (see under Make, v. t.). Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled. Josh. viii. 15. My lord of London maketh as though he were greatly displeased with me. Latimer. -- To make at, to go toward hastily, or in a hostile manner; to attack. -- To make away with. (a) To carry off. (b) To transfer or alienate; hence, to spend; to dissipate. (c) To kill; to destroy. -- To make off, to go away suddenly. -- To make out, to succeed; to be able at last; to make shift; as, he made out to reconcile the contending parties. -- To make up, to become reconciled or friendly. -- To make up for, to compensate for; to supply an equivalent for. -- To make up to. (a) To approach; as, a suspicious boat made up to us. (b) To pay addresses to; to make love to. -- To make up with, to become reconciled to. [Colloq.] -- To make with, to concur or agree with. Hooker.

MAKE Make, n.

Defn: Structure, texture, constitution of parts; construction; shape; form. It our perfection of so frail a make As every plot can undermine and shake Dryden. On the make,bent upon making great profits; greedy of gain. [Low, U. S.]

MAKE AND BREAK Make and break. (Elec.)

Defn: Any apparatus for making and breaking an electric circuit; a circuit breaker.

MAKEBATE Make"bate`, n. Etym: [Make, v. + bate a quarrel.]

Defn: One who excites contentions and quarrels. [Obs.]

MAKE-BELIEF Make"-be*lief`, n.

Defn: A feigning to believe; make believe. J. H. Newman.

MAKE-BELIEVE Make"-be*lieve`, n.

Defn: A feigning to believe, as in the play of children; a mere pretense; a fiction; an invention. "Childlike make-believe." Tylor. To forswear self-delusion and make-believe. M. Arnold.

MAKE-BELIEVE Make"-be*lieve`, a.

Defn: Feigned; insincere. "Make-believe reverence." G. Eliot.

MAKED Mak"ed, obs. p. p. of Make.

Defn: Made. Chaucer.

MAKE-GAME Make"-game`, n.

Defn: An object of ridicule; a butt. Godwin.

MAKELESS Make"less, a. Etym: [See 1st Make, and cf. Matchless, Mateless.]

1. Matchless. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Without a mate. Shak.

MAKE-PEACE Make"-peace` (-pes`) n.

Defn: A peacemaker. [R.] Shak.

MAKER Mak"er (mak"er) n.,

1. One who makes, forms, or molds; a manufacturer; specifically, the Creator. The universal Maker we may praise. Milton.

2. (Law)

Defn: The person who makes a promissory note.

3. One who writes verses; a poet. [Obs.]

Note: "The Greeks named the poet poihth`s, which name, as the most excellent, hath gone through other languages. It cometh of this word poiei^n, make; wherein, I know not whether by luck or wisdom, we Englishmen have met well the Greeks in calling him a maker." Sir P. Sidney.

MAKESHIFT Make"shift`, n.

Defn: That with which one makes shift; a temporary expedient. James Mill. I am not a model clergyman, only a decent makeshift. G. Eliot.

MAKE-UP Make"-up`, n.

Defn: The way in which the parts of anything are put together; often, the way in which an actor is dressed, painted, etc., in personating a character. The unthinking masses are necessarily teleological in their mental make-up. L. F. Ward.

MAKEWEIGHT Make"weight` (, n.

Defn: That which is thrown into a scale to make weight; something of little account added to supply a deficiency or fill a gap.

MAKI Ma"ki, n. Etym: [F., from native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A lemur. See Lemur.

MAKING Mak"ing, n.

1. The act of one who makes; workmanship; fabrication; construction; as, this is cloth of your own making; the making of peace or war was in his power.

2. Composition, or structure.

3. a poem.[Obs.] Sir J. Davies.

4. That which establishes or places in a desirable state or condition; the material of which something may be made; as, early misfortune was the making of him.

5. External appearance; from. [Obs.] Shak.

MAKING-IRON Mak"ing-i`ron, n.

Defn: A tool somewhat like a chisel with a groove in it, used by calkers of ships to finish the seams after the oakum has been driven in.

MAKING-UP Mak"ing-up`, n.

1. The act of bringing spirits to a certain degree of strength, called proof.

2. The act of becoming reconciled or friendly.

MAL- Mal-

Defn: . A prefix in composition denoting ill,or evil, F. male, adv., fr. malus, bad, ill. In some words it has the form male-, as in malediction, malevolent. See Malice.

Note: The formmale- is chiefly used in cases where the c, either alone or with other letters, is pronounced as a separate syllable, as in malediction, malefactor, maleficent, etc. Where this is not the case, as in malfeasance or male-feasance, malformation or male- formation, etc., as also where the word to which it is prefixed commences with a vowel, as in maladministration, etc., the form malis to be preferred, and is the one commonly employed.

MALA Ma"la, n.; pl. of Malum. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Evils; wrongs; offenses against right and law. Mala in se Etym: [L.] (Law), offenses which are such from their own nature, at common law, irrespective of statute. -- Mala prohibita Etym: [L.] (Law), offenses prohibited by statute, as distinguished from mala in se, which are offenses at common law.

MALABAR Mal"a*bar`, n.

Defn: A region in the western part of the Peninsula of India, between the mountains and the sea. Malabar nut (Bot.), the seed of an East Indian acanthaceous shrub, the Adhatoda Vasica, sometimes used medicinally.

MALACATUNE Mal`a*ca*tune", n.

Defn: See Melocoton.

MALACCA Ma*lac"ca, n.

Defn: A town and district upon the seacoast of the Malay Peninsula. Malacca cane (Bot.), a cane obtained from a species of palm of the genus Calamus (C. Scipionum), and of a brown color, often mottled. The plant is a native of Cochin China, Sumatra, and Malays.

MALACHITE Mal"a*chite, n. Etym: [Fr. Gr. malachite. Cf. Mallow.] (Min.)

Defn: Native hydrous carbonate of copper, usually occurring in green mammillary masses with concentric fibrous structure.

Note: Green malachite, or malachite proper, admits of a high polish, and is sometimes used for ornamental work. Blue malachite, or azurite, is a related species of a deep blue color. Malachite green. See Emerald green, under Green, n.

MALACISSANT Mal`a*cis"sant, a. Etym: [See Malacissation.]

Defn: Softening; relaxing. [Obs.]

MALACISSATION Mal`a*cis*sa"tion, n. Etym: [L. malacissare to make soft, Gr.

Defn: The act of making soft or supple. [Obs.] Bacon.

MALACOBDELLA Mal`a*cob*del"la, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of nemertean worms, parasitic in the gill cavity of clams and other bivalves. They have a large posterior sucker, like that of a leech. See Illust. of Bdellomorpha.

MALACODERM Mal"a*co*derm, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a tribe of beetles (Malacodermata), with a soft and flexible body, as the fireflies.

MALACOLITE Mal"a*co*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of pyroxene.

MALACOLOGIST Mal`a*col"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in the science of malacology.

MALACOLOGY Mal`a*col"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. malacologie.]

Defn: The science which relates to the structure and habits of mollusks.

MALACOPODA Mal`a*cop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A class of air-breathing Arthropoda; -- called also Protracheata, and Onychophora.

Note: They somewhat resemble myriapods, and have from seventeen to thirty-three pairs of short, imperfectly jointed legs, two pairs of simple jaws, and a pair of antennæ. The trancheæ are connected with numerous spiracles scattered over the surface of the body. Peripatus is the only known genus. See Peripatus.

MALACOPTERYGIAN Mal`a*cop`ter*yg"i*an, n. Etym: [Cf. F. malacoptérygien.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Malacopterygii.

MALACOPTERYGII Mal`a*cop`te*ryg"i*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes in which the fin rays, except the anterior ray of the pectoral and dorsal fins, are closely jointed, and not spiny. It includes the carp, pike, salmon, shad, etc. Called also Malacopteri.

MALACOPTERYGIOUS Mal`a*cop`ter*yg"i*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Malacopterygii.

MALACOSTEON Mal`a*cos"te*on, n. Etym: [NL., Gr. fr. (Med.)

Defn: A peculiar disease of the bones, in consequence of which they become softened and capable of being bent without breaking.

MALACOSTOMOUS Mal`a*cos"to*mous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having soft jaws without teeth, as certain fishes.

MALACOSTRACA Mal`a*cos"tra*ca, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A subclass of Crustacea, including Arthrostraca and Thoracostraca, or all those higher than the Entomostraca.

MALACOSTRACAN Mal`a*cos"tra*can, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Malacostraca.

MALACOSTRACOLOGY Mal`a*cos`tra*col"o*gy, n. Etym: [Malacostracan + -logy.]

Defn: That branch of zoölogical science which relates to the crustaceans; -- called also carcinology.

MALACOSTRACOUS Mal`a*cos"tra*cous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Malacostraca.

MALACOTOON Mal`a*co*toon", n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Melocoton.

MALACOZOA Mal`a*co*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive group of Invertebrata, including the Mollusca, Brachiopoda, and Bryozoa. Called also Malacozoaria.

MALACOZOIC Mal`a*co*zo"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Malacozoa.

MALADDRESS Mal`ad*dress", n. Etym: [Mal- + address.]

Defn: Bad address; an awkward, tactless, or offensive way of accosting one or talking with one. W. D. Howells.

MALADJUSTMENT Mal`ad*just"ment, n. Etym: [Mal- + adjustment.]

Defn: A bad adjustment.

MALADMINISTRATION Mal`ad*min`is*tra"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + administration.]

Defn: Bad administration; bad management of any business, especially of public affairs. [Written also maleadministration.]

MALADROIT Mal`a*droit", a. Etym: [F. See Malice, and Adroit.]

Defn: Of a quality opposed to adroitness; clumsy; awkward; unskillful. -- Mal"a*droit`ly, adv. -- Mal`a*droit"ness, n.

MALADY Mal"a*dy, n.; pl. Maladies. Etym: [F. maladie, fr. malade ill, sick, OF. also, malabde, fr. L. male habitus, i. e., ill-kept, not in good condition. See Malice, and Habit.]

1. Any disease of the human body; a distemper, disorder, or indisposition, proceeding from impaired, defective, or morbid organic functions; especially, a lingering or deep-seated disorder. The maladies of the body may prove medicines to the mind. Buckminster.

2. A moral or mental defect or disorder. Love's a malady without a cure. Dryden.

Syn. -- Disorder; distemper; sickness; ailment; disease; illness. See Disease.

MALAGA Mal"a*ga, n.

Defn: A city and a province of Spain, on the Mediterranean. Hence, Malaga grapes, Malaga raisins, Malaga wines.

MALAGASH Mal`a*gash", n.

Defn: Same as Malagasy.

MALAGASY Mal`a*gas"y, n. sing. & pl.

Defn: A native or natives of Madagascar; also (sing.), the language.

MALAISE Ma`laise", n. Etym: [F., fr. mal ill + aise ease.] (Med.)

Defn: An indefinite feeling of uneasiness, or of being sick or ill at ease.

MALAMATE Ma*lam"ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of malamic acid.

MALAMBO Ma*lam"bo, n. Etym: [Pg.]

Defn: A yellowish aromatic bark, used in medicine and perfumery, said to be from the South American shrub Croton Malambo.

MALAMETHANE Mal`am*eth"ane, n. Etym: [Malamic + ethane.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline substance forming the ethyl salt of malamic acid.

MALAMIC Ma*lam"ic, a. Etym: [Malic + amic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining an acid intermediate between malic acid and malamide, and known only by its salts.

MALAMIDE Ma*lam"ide, n. Etym: [Malic + amide.] (Chem.)

Defn: The acid amide derived from malic acid, as a white crystalline substance metameric with asparagine.

MALANDERS Mal"an*ders, n. pl. Etym: [F. malandres, fr. L. malandria blisters or pustules on the neck, especially in horses.] (Far.)

Defn: A scurfy eruption in the bend of the knee of the fore leg of a horse. See Sallenders. [Written also mallenders.]

MALAPERT Mal"a*pert, a. Etym: [OF. malapert unskillful, ill-taught, ill-bred; mal ill + apert open, adroit, intelligent, L. apertus, p. p. of aperire to open. See Malice, and Aperient.]

Defn: Bold; forward; impudent; saucy; pert. Shak. -- n.

Defn: A malapert person. Are you growing malapert! Will you force me to make use of my authority Dryden. -- Mal"a*pert`ly, adv. -- Mal"a*pert`ness, n.

MALAPROPISM Mal"a*prop*ism, n. Etym: [From Mrs. Malaprop, a character in Sheridan's drama, " The Rivals," who makes amusing blunders in her use of words. See Malapropos.]

Defn: A grotesque misuse of a word; a word so used.

MALAPROPOS Mal*ap"ro*pos`, a. & adv. Etym: [F. mal à propos; mal evil + à propos to the purpose.]

Defn: Unseasonable or unseasonably; unsuitable or unsuitably.

MALAPTERURUS Mal*ap`te*ru"rus, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of African siluroid fishes, including the electric catfishes. See Electric cat, under Electric.

MALAR Ma"lar, a. Etym: [L. mala the cheek: cf. F. malaire.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the region of the cheek bone, or to the malar bone; jugal.

MALAR Ma"lar, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The cheek bone, which forms a part of the lower edge of the orbit.

MALARIA Ma*la"ri*a, n. Etym: [It., contr. fr. malaaria bad air. See Malice, and Air.]

1. Air infected with some noxious substance capable of engendering disease; esp., an unhealthy exhalation from certain soils, as marshy or wet lands, producing fevers; miasma.

Note: The morbific agent in malaria is supposed by some to be a vegetable microbe or its spores, and by others to be a very minute animal blood parasite (an infusorian).

2. (Med.)

Defn: A morbid condition produced by exhalations from decaying vegetable matter in contact with moisture, giving rise to fever and ague and many other symptoms characterized by their tendency to recur at definite and usually uniform intervals.

MALARIAL; MALARIAN; MALARIOUS Ma*la"ri*al, Ma*la"ri*an, Ma*la"ri*ous, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining, to or infected by, malaria. Malarial fever (Med.), a fever produced by malaria, and characterized by the occurrence of chills, fever, and sweating in distinct paroxysms, At intervals of definite and often uniform duration, in which these symptoms are wholly absent (intermittent fever), or only partially so (remittent fever); fever and ague; chills and fever.

MALARIA PARASITE Malaria parasite.

Defn: Any of several minute protozoans of the genus Plasmodium (syn. Hæmatozoön) which in their adult condition live in the tissues of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles (which see) and when transferred to the blood of man, by the bite of the mosquito, produce malaria. The young parasites, or sporozoites, enter the red blood corpuscles, growing at their expense, undergoing sporulation, and finally destroying the corpuscles, thus liberating in the blood plasma an immense number of small spores called merozoites. An indefinite but not ultimated number of such generations may follow, but if meanwhile the host is bitten by a mosquito, the parasites develop into gametes in the stomach of the insect. These conjugate, the zygote thus produced divides, forming spores, and eventually sporozoites, which, penetrating to the salivary glands of the mosquito, may be introduced into a new host. The attacks of the disease coincide with the dissolution of the corpuscles and liberation of the spores and products of growth of the parasites into the blood plasma. Several species of the parasite are distinguished, as P. vivax, producing tertian malaria; P. malariæ, quartan malaria; and P. (subgenus Laverania) falciferum, the malarial fever of summer and autumn common in the tropics.

MALASHAGANAY Ma`la*sha"ga*nay, n. Etym: [Indian name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The fresh-water drumfish (Haploidonotus grunniens).

MALASSIMILATION Mal`as*sim`i*la"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + assimilation.] (Physiol.) (a) Imperfect digestion of the several leading constituents of the food. (b) An imperfect elaboration by the tissues of the materials brought to them by the blood.

MALATE Ma"late, n. Etym: [L. malum apple: cf. F. malate. See Malic.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of malic acid.

MALAX; MALAXATE Ma"lax, Ma*lax"ate, v. t. Etym: [L. malaxare, malaxatum, cf. Gr. malaxer.]

Defn: To soften by kneading or stirring with some thinner substance. [R.]

MALAXATION Mal`ax*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. malaxatio: cf. F. malaxation.]

Defn: The act of softening by mixing with a thinner substance; the formation of ingredients into a mass for pills or plasters. [R.]

MALAXATOR Mal"ax*a`tor, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, malaxates; esp., a machine for grinding, kneading, or stirring into a pasty or doughy mass. [R.]

MALAY Ma*lay", n.

Defn: One of a race of a brown or copper complexion in the Malay Peninsula and the western islands of the Indian Archipelago.

MALAY; MALAYAN Ma*lay", Ma*lay"an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Malays or their country. -- n.

Defn: The Malay language. Malay apple (Bot.), a myrtaceous tree (Eugenia Malaccensis) common in India; also, its applelike fruit.

MALAYALAM Ma"la*ya"lam, n.

Defn: The name given to one the cultivated Dravidian languages, closely related to the Tamil. Yule.

MALBROUCK Mal"brouck, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A West African arboreal monkey (Cercopithecus cynosurus).

MALCONFORMATION Mal*con`for*ma"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + conformation.]

Defn: Imperfect, disproportionate, or abnormal formation; ill form; disproportion of parts.

MALCONTENT Mal"con*tent`, a. Etym: [F., fr. mal ill + content. See Malice, Content.]

Defn: discontented; uneasy; dissatisfied; especially, dissatisfied with the government. [Written also malecontent.] The famous malcontent earl of Leicester. Milner.

MALCONTENT Mal"con*tent`, n. Etym: [F. malcontent.]

Defn: One who discontented; especially, a discontented subject of a government; one who express his discontent by words or overt acts. Spenser. Berkeley.

MALCONTENTED Mal`con*tent"ed, a.

Defn: Malcontent. -- Mal`con*tent"ed*ly, adv. -- Mal`con*tent"ed*ness, n.

MALDANIAN Mal*da"ni*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of marine annelids of the genus Maldane, or family Maldanidæ. They have a slender, round body, and make tubes in the sand or mud.

MALE- Male-

Defn: . See Mal-.

MALE Male, a. Etym: [L. malus. See Malice.]

Defn: Evil; wicked; bad. [Obs.] Marston.

MALE Male, n.

Defn: Same as Mail, a bag. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MALE Male, a. Etym: [F. mâle, OF. masle, mascle, fr. L. masculus male, masculine, dim. of mas a male; possibly akin to E. man. Cf. Masculine, Marry, v. t.]

1. Of or pertaining to the sex that begets or procreates young, or (in a wider sense) to the sex that produces spermatozoa, by which the ova are fertilized; not female; as, male organs.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Capable of producing fertilization, but not of bearing fruit; - - said of stamens and antheridia, and of the plants, or parts of plants, which bear them.

3. Suitable to the male sex; characteristic or suggestive of a male; masculine; as, male courage.

4. Consisting of males; as, a male choir.

5. (Mech.)

Defn: Adapted for entering another corresponding piece (the female piece) which is hollow and which it fits; as, a male gauge, for gauging the size or shape of a hole; a male screw, etc. Male berry (Bot.), a kind of coffee. See Pea berry. -- Male fern (Bot.), a fern of the genus Aspidium (A. Filixmas), used in medicine as an anthelmintic, esp. against the tapeworm. Aspidium marginale in America, and A. athamanticum in South Africa, are used as good substitutes for the male fern in medical practice. See Female fern, under Female. -- Male rhyme, a rhyme in which only the last syllables agree, as laid, afraid, dismayed. See Female rhyme, under Female. -- Male screw (Mech.), a screw having threads upon its exterior which enter the grooves upon the inside of a corresponding nut or female screw. -- Male thread, the thread of a male screw.

MALE Male, n.

1. An animal of the male sex.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant bearing only staminate flowers.

MALEADMINISTRATION Male`ad*min`is*tra"tion, n.

Defn: Maladministration.

MALEATE Ma*le"ate, n.

Defn: A salt of maleic acid.

MALEBRANCHISM Male*branch"ism, n.

Defn: The philosophical system of Malebranche, an eminent French metaphysician. The fundamental doctrine of his system is that the mind can not have knowledge of anything external to itself except in its relation to God.

MALECONFORMATION Male*con`for*ma"tion, n.

Defn: Malconformation.

MALECONTENT Male"con*tent`, a.

Defn: Malcontent.

MALEDICENCY Mal`e*di"cen*cy, n. Etym: [L. maledicentia. See Maledicent.]

Defn: Evil speaking. [Obs.] Atterbury.

MALEDICENT Mal`e*di"cent, a. Etym: [L. maledicens, p. pr. of maledicere to speak ill; male ill + dicere to say, speak. See Malice, and Diction.]

Defn: Speaking reproachfully; slanderous. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.

MALEDICT Mal"e*dict, a. Etym: [L. maledictus, p. p. of maledicere.]

Defn: Accursed; abominable. [R.]

MALEDICTION Mal`e*dic"tion, n. Etym: [L. maledictio: cf. F. malédiction. See Maledicent.]

Defn: A proclaiming of evil against some one; a cursing; imprecation; a curse or execration; -- opposed to benediction. No malediction falls from his tongue. Longfellow.

Syn. -- Cursing; curse; execration; imprecation; denunciation; anathema. -- Malediction, Curse, Imprecation, Execration. Malediction is the most general term, denoting bitter reproach, or wishes and predictions of evil. Curse implies the desire or threat of evil, declared upon oath or in the most solemn manner. Imprecation is literally the praying down of evil upon a person. Execration is literally a putting under the ban of excommunication, a curse which excludes from the kingdom of God. In ordinary usage, the last three words describe profane swearing, execration being the strongest.

MALEFACTION Mal`e*fac"tion, n. Etym: [See Malefactor.]

Defn: A crime; an offense; an evil deed. [R.] Shak.

MALEFACTOR Mal`e*fac"tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. malefacere to do evil; male ill, evil + facere to do. See Malice, and Fact.]

1. An evil doer; one who commits a crime; one subject to public prosecution and punishment; a criminal.

2. One who does wrong by injuring another, although not a criminal. [Obs.] H. Brooke. Fuller.

Syn. -- Evil doer; criminal; culprit; felon; convict.

MALEFACTRESS Mal`e*fac"tress, n.

Defn: A female malefactor. Hawthorne.

MALEFEASANCE Male*fea"sance, n.

Defn: See Malfeasance.

MALEFIC Ma*lef"ic, a. Etym: [L. maleficus: cf. F. maléfique. See Malefaction.]

Defn: Doing mischief; causing harm or evil; nefarious; hurtful. [R.] Chaucer.

MALEFICE Mal"e*fice, n. Etym: [L. maleficium: cf. F. maléfice. See Malefactor.]

Defn: An evil deed; artifice; enchantment. [Obs.]

MALEFICENCE Ma*lef"i*cence, n. Etym: [L. maleficentia. Cf. Malfeasance.]

Defn: Evil doing, esp. to others.

MALEFICENT Ma*lef"i*cent, a. Etym: [See Malefic.]

Defn: Doing evil to others; harmful; mischievous.

MALEFICIAL Mal`e*fi"cial, a.

Defn: Injurious. Fuller.

MALEFICIATE Mal`e*fi"ci*ate, v. t. Etym: [LL. maleficiatus, p. p. of maleficiare to bewitch, fr. L. maleficium. See Malefice.]

Defn: To bewitch; to harm. [Obs.] Burton.

MALEFICIATION Mal`e*fi`ci*a"tion, n.

Defn: A bewitching. [Obs.]

MALEFICIENCE Mal`e*fi"cience, n. Etym: [See Maleficence.]

Defn: The doing of evil, harm, or mischief.

MALEFICIENT Mal`e*fi"cient, a. Etym: [See Maleficent.]

Defn: Doing evil, harm, or mischief.

MALEFORMATION Male`for*ma"tion, n.

Defn: See Malformation.

MALEIC Ma*le"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. maléique. See Malic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid of the ethylene series, metameric with fumaric acid and obtained by heating malic acid.

MALENGINE Ma*len"gine, n. Etym: [OF. malengin; L. malus bad, evil + ingenium natural capacity. See Engine.]

Defn: Evil machination; guile; deceit. [Obs.] Gower.

MALEO Ma"le*o, n. Etym: [From its native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bird of Celebes (megacephalon maleo), allied to the brush turkey. It makes mounds in which to lay its eggs.

MALE-ODOR Male-o"dor, n.

Defn: See Malodor.

MALEPRACTICE Male*prac"tice, n.

Defn: See Malpractice.

MALE-SPIRITED Male"-spir`it*ed, a.

Defn: Having the spirit of a male; vigorous; courageous. [R.] B. Jonson.

MALET Mal"et, n. Etym: [F. mallette, dim. of malle. See Mail a bag.]

Defn: A little bag or budget. [Obs.] Shelton.

MALETREAT Male*treat", v. t.

Defn: See Maltreat.

MALEVOLENCE Ma*lev"o*lence, n. Etym: [L. malevolentia. See Malevolent.]

Defn: The quality or state of being malevolent; evil disposition toward another; inclination to injure others; ill will. See Synonym of Malice.

MALEVOLENT Ma*lev"o*lent, a. Etym: [L. malevolens, -entis; male ill + volens, p. pr. of velle to be willing or disposed, to wish. See Malice, and Voluntary.]

Defn: Wishing evil; disposed to injure others; rejoicing in another's misfortune.

Syn. -- Ill-disposed; envious; mischievous; evil-minded; spiteful; malicious; malignant; rancorous.

MALEVOLENTLY Ma*lev"o*lent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a malevolent manner.

MALEVOLOUS Ma*lev"o*lous, a. Etym: [L. malevolus; fr. male ill + velle to be disposed.]

Defn: Malevolent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.

MALEXECUTION Mal*ex`e*cu"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + execution.]

Defn: Bad execution. D. Webster.

MALEYL Ma*le"yl, n. Etym: [Maleic + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hypothetical radical derived from maleic acid.

MALFEASANCE Mal*fea"sance, n. Etym: [F. malfaisance, fr. malfaisant injurious, doing ill; mal ill, evil + faisant doing, p. pr. of faire to do. See Malice, Feasible, and cf. Maleficence.] (Law)

Defn: The doing of an act which a person ought not to do; evil conduct; an illegal deed. [Written also malefeasance.]

MALFORMATION Mal`for*ma"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + forniation.]

Defn: Ill formation; irregular or anomalous formation; abnormal or wrong conformation or structure.

MALGRACIOUS Mal*gra"cious, a. Etym: [F. malgracieux.]

Defn: Not graceful; displeasing. [Obs.] Gower.

MALGRE Mal"gre, prep.

Defn: See Mauger.

MALIC Ma"lic, a. Etym: [L. malum an apple: cf. F. malique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, apples; as, malic acid. Malic acid, a hydroxy acid obtained as a substance which is sirupy or crystallized with difficulty, and has a strong but pleasant sour taste. It occurs in many fruits, as in green apples, currants, etc. It is levorotatory or dextrorotatory according to the temperature and concentration. An artificial variety is a derivative of succinic acid, but has no action on polarized light, and thus malic acid is a remarkable case of physical isomerism.

MALICE Mal"ice, n. Etym: [F. malice, fr. L. malitia, from malus bad, ill, evil, prob. orig., dirty, black; cf. Gr. mala dirt. Cf. Mauger.]

1. Enmity of heart; malevolence; ill will; a spirit delighting in harm or misfortune to another; a disposition to injure another; a malignant design of evil. "Nor set down aught in malice." Shak. Envy, hatred, and malice are three distinct passions of the mind. Ld. Holt.

2. (Law)

Defn: Any wicked or mischievous intention of the mind; a depraved inclination to mischief; an intention to vex, annoy, or injure another person, or to do a wrongful act without just cause or cause or excuse; a wanton disregard of the rights or safety of others; willfulness. Malice aforethought or prepense, malice previously and deliberately entertained.

Syn. -- Spite; ill will; malevolence; grudge; pique; bitterness; animosity; malignity; maliciousness; rancor; virulence. See Spite. -- Malevolence, Malignity, Malignancy. Malice is a stronger word than malevolence, which may imply only a desire that evil may befall another, while malice desires, and perhaps intends, to bring it about. Malignity is intense and deepseated malice. It implies a natural delight in hating and wronging others. One who is malignant must be both malevolent and malicious; but a man may be malicious without being malignant. Proud tyrants who maliciously destroy And ride o'er ruins with malignant joy. Somerville. in some connections, malignity seems rather more pertinently applied to a radical depravity of nature, and malignancy to indications of this depravity, in temper and conduct in particular instances. Cogan.

MALICE Mal"ice, v. t.

Defn: To regard with extreme ill will. [Obs.]

MALICHO Mal"i*cho, n. Etym: [Sp. malhecho; mal bad + hecho deed, L. factum. See Fact.]

Defn: Mischief. [Obs.] Shak.

MALICIOUS Ma*li"cious, a. Etym: [Of. malicius, F. malicieux, fr. L. malitiosus. See Malice.]

1. Indulging or exercising malice; harboring ill will or enmity. I grant him bloody, . . . Sudden, malicious, smacking of every sin That has a name. Shak.

2. Proceeding from hatred or ill will; dictated by malice; as, a malicious report; malicious mischief.

3. (Law)

Defn: With wicked or mischievous intentions or motives; wrongful and done intentionally without just cause or excuse; as, a malicious act. Malicious abandonment, the desertion of a wife or husband without just cause. Burrill. -- Malicious mischief (Law), malicious injury to the property of another; -- an offense at common law. Wharton. -- Malicious prosecution or arrest (Law), a wanton prosecution or arrest, by regular process in a civil or criminal proceeding, without probable cause. Bouvier.

Syn. -- Ill-disposed; evil-minded; mischievous; envious; malevolent; invidious; spiteful; bitter; malignant; rancorous; malign. -- Ma*li"cious*ly, adv. -- Ma*li"cious*ness, n.

MALIGN Ma*lign", a. Etym: [L. malignus, for maligenus, i. e., of a bad kind or nature; malus bad + the root of genus birth, race, kind: cf. F. malin, masc., maligne, fem. See Malice, Gender, and cf. Benign, Malignant.]

1. Having an evil disposition toward others; harboring violent enmity; malevolent; malicious; spiteful; -- opposed to benign. Witchcraft may be by operation of malign spirits. Bacon.

2. Unfavorable; unpropitious; pernicious; tending to injure; as, a malign aspect of planets.

3. Malignant; as, a malign ulcer. [R.] Bacon.

MALIGN Ma*lign", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maligned; p. pr. & vb. n. Maligning.] Etym: [Cf. L. malignare. See Malign, a.]

Defn: To treat with malice; to show hatred toward; to abuse; to wrong; to injure. [Obs.] The people practice what mischiefs and villainies they will against private men, whom they malign by stealing their goods, or murdering them. Spenser.

2. To speak great evil of; to traduce; to defame; to slander; to vilify; to asperse. To be envied and shot at; to be maligned standing, and to be despised falling. South.

MALIGN Ma*lign", v. i.

Defn: To entertain malice. [Obs.]

MALIGNANCE; MALIGNANCY Ma*lig"nance, Ma*lig"nan*cy , n. Etym: [See Malignant.]

1. The state or quality of being malignant; extreme malevolence; bitter enmity; malice; as, malignancy of heart.

2. Unfavorableness; evil nature. The malignancy of my fate might perhaps distemner yours. Shak.

3. (Med.)

Defn: Virulence; tendency to a fatal issue; as, the malignancy of an ulcer or of a fever.

4. The state of being a malignant.

Syn. -- Malice; malevolence; malignity. See Malice.

MALIGNANT Ma*lig"nant, a. Etym: [L. malignans, -antis, p. pr. of malignare, malignari, to do or make maliciously. See Malign, and cf. Benignant.]

1. Disposed to do harm, inflict suffering, or cause distress; actuated by extreme malevolence or enmity; virulently inimical; bent on evil; malicious. A malignant and a turbaned Turk. Shak.

2. Characterized or caused by evil intentions; pernicious. "Malignant care." Macaulay. Some malignant power upon my life. Shak. Something deleterious and malignant as his touch. Hawthorne.

3. (Med.)

Defn: Tending to produce death; threatening a fatal issue; virulent; as, malignant diphtheria. Malignant pustule (Med.), a very contagious disease, transmitted to man from animals, characterized by the formation, at the point of reception of the virus, of a vesicle or pustule which first enlarges and then breaks down into an unhealthy ulcer. It is marked by profound exhaustion and usually fatal. Called also charbon, and sometimes, improperly, anthrax.

MALIGNANT Ma*lig"nant, n.

1. A man of extrems enmity or evil intentions. Hooker.

2. (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: One of the adherents of Charles L. or Charles LL.; -- so called by the opposite party.

MALIGNANTLY Ma*lig"nant*ly, adv.

Defn: In a malignant manner.

MALIGNER Ma*lign"er, n.

Defn: One who maligns.

MALIGNIFY Ma*lig"ni*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malignified; p. pr. & vb. n. Malignifying.] Etym: [L. malignus malign + -fy.]

Defn: To make malign or malignant. [R.] "A strong faith malignified." Southey.

MALIGNITY Ma*lig"ni*ty, n. Etym: [F. malignité, L. malignitas.]

1. The state or quality of being malignant; disposition to do evil; virulent enmity; malignancy; malice; spite.

2. Virulence; deadly quality. His physicians discerned an invincible malignity in his disease. Hayward.

3. Extreme evilness of nature or influence; perniciousness; heinousness; as, the malignity of fraud. [R.]

Syn. -- See Malice.

MALIGNLY Ma*lign"ly, adv.

Defn: In a malign manner; with malignity.

MALINGER Ma*lin"ger, v. i. [imp. & p. p. MAlingered; p. pr. & vb. n. Malingering.]

Defn: To act the part of a malingerer; to feign illness or inability.

MALINGERER Ma*lin"ger*er, n. Etym: [F. malingre sickly, weakly, prob. from mal ill + OF. heingre, haingre, thin, lean, infirm, fr. L. aeger.]

Defn: In the army, a soldier who feigns himself sick, or who induces or protracts an illness, in order to avoid doing his duty; hence, in general, one who shirks his duty by pretending illness or inability.

MALINGERY Ma*lin"ger*y, n.

Defn: The spirit or practices of a malingerer; malingering.

MALISON Mal"i*son, n. Etym: [OF. maleicon, L. maledictio. See Malediction, and cf. Benison.]

Defn: Malediction; curse; execration. [Poetic] God's malison on his head who this gainsays. Sir W. Scott.

MALKIN Mal"kin, n. Etym: [Dim. of Maud, the proper name. Cf. Grimalkin.] [Written also maukin.]

1. Originally, a kitchenmaid; a slattern. Chaucer.

2. A mop made of clouts, used by the kitchen servant.

3. A scarecrow.[Prov. Eng.]

4. (Mil.)

Defn: A mop or sponge attached to a jointed staff for swabbing out a cannon.

MALL Mall, n. [Written also maul.] Etym: [OE. malle, F. mail, L. malleus. Cf. Malleus.]

1. A large heavy wooden beetle; a mallet for driving anything with force; a maul. Addison.

2. A heavy blow. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. An old game played with malls or mallets and balls. See Pall-mall. Cotton.

4. A place where the game of mall was played. Hence: A public walk; a level shaded walk. Part of the area was laid out in gravel walks, and planted with elms; and these convenient and frequented walks obtained the name of the City Mall. Southey.

MALL Mall, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malled; p. pr. & vb. n. Malling.] Etym: [Cf. OF. mailler. See Mall beetle, and cf. Malleate.]

Defn: To beat with a mall; to beat with something heavy; to bruise; to maul.

MALL Mall, n. Etym: [LL. mallum a public assembly; cf. OHG. mahal assembly, transaction; akin to AS. mæ, me, assembly, m to speak, Goth. mapl market place.]

Defn: Formerly, among Teutonic nations, a meeting of the notables of a state for the transaction of public business, such meeting being a modification of the ancient popular assembly. Hence: (a) A court of justice. (b) A place where justice is administered. (c) A place where public meetings are held. Councils, which had been as frequent as diets or malls, ceased. Milman.

MALLARD Mal"lard, n. Etym: [F. malari,fr. mâle male + -art =-ard. See Male, a., and -ard.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A drake; the male of Anas boschas.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large wild duck (Anas boschas) inhabiting both America and Europe. The domestic duck has descended from this species. Called also greenhead.

MALLEABILITY Mal"le*a*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [CF. F. malléabilité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being malleable; -- opposed to friability and brittleness. Locke.

MALLEABLE Mal"le*a*ble, a. Etym: [F. malléable, fr. LL. malleare to hammer. See Malleate.]

Defn: Capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer, or by the pressure of rollers; -- applied to metals. Malleable iron, iron that is capable of extension or of being shaped under the hammer; decarbonized cast iron. See under Iron. -- Malleable iron castings, articles cast from pig iron and made malleable by heating then for several days in the presence of some substance, as hematite, which deprives the cast iron of some of its carbon.

MALLEABLEIZE Mal"le*a*ble*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make malleable.

MALLEABLENESS Mal"le*a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being malleable.

MALLEAL Mal"le*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the malleus.

MALLEATE Mal"le*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malleated; p. pr. & vb. n. Malleating.] Etym: [L. malleatus hammered, fr. malleus a hammer. See Mall, v. t.]

Defn: To hammer; to beat into a plate or leaf.

MALLEATION Mal`le*a"tion, n. Etym: [LL. malleatio: cf. OF. malléation.]

Defn: The act or process of beating into a plate, sheet, or leaf, as a metal; extension by beating.

MALLECHO Mal"le*cho, n.

Defn: Same as Malicho.

MALLEE BIRD Mal*lee" bird`. (Zoöl.) Etym: [From native name.]

Defn: The leipoa. See Leipoa.

MALLEMOCK; MALLEMOKE Mal"le*mock, Mal"le*moke, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Mollemoke.

MALLENDERS Mal"len*ders, n. pl. (Far.)

Defn: Same as Malanders.

MALLEOLAR Mal*le"o*lar, a. Etym: [See Malleolus.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the malleolus; in the region of the malleoli of the ankle joint.

MALLEOLUS Mal*le"*o*lus, n.; pl. Malleoli. Etym: [L., dim. of malleus hammer.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A projection at the distal end of each bone of the leg at the ankle joint. The malleolus of the tibia is the internal projection, that of the fibula the external.

2. " A layer, " a shoot partly buried in the ground, and there cut halfway through.

MALLET Mal"let, n. Etym: [F. maillet, dim. of mail. See Mall a beetle.]

Defn: A small maul with a short handle, -- used esp. for driving a tool, as a chisel or the like; also, a light beetle with a long handle, -- used in playing croquet.

MALLEUS Mal"le*us, n.; pl. Mallei. Etym: [L., hammer. See Mall a beetle.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The outermost of the three small auditory bones, ossicles; the hammer. It is attached to the tympanic membrane by a long process, the handle or manubrium. See Illust. of Far.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the hard lateral pieces of the mastax of Rotifera. See Mastax.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of bivalve shells; the hammer shell.

MALLOPHAGA Mal*loph"a*ga, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive group of insects which are parasitic on birds and mammals, and feed on the feathers and hair; -- called also bird lice. See Bird louse, under Bird.

MALLOTUS Mal*lo"tus, n. Etym: [NL., fr Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of small Arctic fishes. One American species, the capelin (Mallotus villosus), is extensively used as bait for cod.

MALLOW; MALLOWS Mal"low, Mal"lows, n. Etym: [OE. malwe, AS. mealwe, fr. L. malva, akin to Gr. mala`chh; cf. mala`ssein to soften, malako`s soft. Named either from its softening or relaxing properties, or from its soft downy leaves. Cf. Mauve, Malachite.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants (Malva) having mucilaginous qualities. See Malvaceous.

Note: The flowers of the common mallow (M. sylvestris) are used in medicine. The dwarf mallow (M. rotundifolia) is a common weed, and its flattened, dick-shaped fruits are called cheeses by children. Tree mallow (M. Mauritiana and Lavatera arborea), musk mallow (M. moschata), rose mallow or hollyhock, and curled mallow (M. crispa), are less commonly seen. Indian mallow. See Abutilon. -- Jew's mallow, a plant (Corchorus olitorius) used as a pot herb by the Jews of Egypt and Syria. -- Marsh mallow. See under Marsh.

MALLOWWORT Mal"low*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Any plant of the order Malvaceæ.

MALM; MALMBRICK Malm, Malm"brick`, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. mealm sand.]

Defn: A kind of brick of a light brown or yellowish color, made of sand, clay, and chalk.

MALMA Mal"ma, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A spotted trout (Salvelinus malma), inhabiting Northern America, west of the Rocky Mountains; -- called also Dolly Varden trout, bull trout, red-spotted trout, and golet.

MALMAG Mal"mag, n. Etym: [F., from native name in Madagascar.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The tarsius, or spectral lemur.

MALMSEY Malm"sey, n. Etym: [OE. malvesie, F. malvoisie, It. malvasia, malavagia, fr. Malvasia, or Napoli di Malvasia, in the Morea.]

Defn: A kind of sweet wine from Crete, the Canary Islands, etc. Shak.

MALNUTRITION Mal`nu*tri"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + nutrition.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Faulty or imperfect nutrition.

MALOBSERVATION Mal*ob`ser*va"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + observation.]

Defn: Erroneous observation. J. S Mill.

MALODOR Mal*o"dor, n.

Defn: An Offensive to the sense of smell; ill-smelling. -- Mal*o"dor*ous*ness. n. Carlyle.

MALODOROUS Mal*o"dor*ous, a.

Defn: Offensive to the sense of smell; ill-smelling. -- Mal*o"dor*ous*ness. n. Carlyle. [1913 Webster]

MALONATE Mal"o*nate, a. (Chem.)

Defn: At salt of malonic acid.

MALONIC Ma*lon"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid produced artifically as a white crystalline substance, CH2.(CO2H)2, and so called because obtained by the oxidation of malic acid.

MALONYL Mal"o*nyl, n. Etym: [Malonic + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon radical, CH2.(CO)2, from malonic acid.

MALPAIS Mal"pais`, n. [Cf. Sp. mal, malo, bad, and país country.] (Geol.)

Defn: The rough surface of a congealed lava stream. [Southwestern U. S.]

MALPIGHIA Mal*pi"ghi*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Malpighian.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of tropical American shrubs with opposite leaves and small white or reddish flowers. The drupes of Malpighia urens are eaten under the name of Barbadoes cherries.

MALPIGHIACEOUS Mal*pi`ghi*a"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of tropical trees and shrubs (Malpighiaceæ), some of them climbing plants, and their stems forming many of the curious lianes of South American forests.

MALPIGHIAN Mal*pi"ghi*an, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Marcello Malpighi, an Italian anatomist of the 17th century. Malhighian capsules or corpuscles, the globular dilatations, containing the glomeruli or Malpighian tufts, at the extremities of the urinary tubules of the kidney. Malpighian corpuscles of the spleen, masses of adenoid tissue connected with branches of the splenic artery.

MALPOSITION Mal`po*si"tion, n. Etym: [Mal- + position.]

Defn: A wrong position.

MALPRACTICE Mal*prac"tice, n. Etym: [Mal- + practice.]

Defn: Evil practice; illegal or immoral conduct; practice contrary to established rules; specifically, the treatment of a case by a surgeon or physician in a manner which is contrary to accepted rules and productive of unfavorable results. [Written also malepractice.]

MALT Malt, n. Etym: [AS. mealt; akin to D. mout, G. malz, Icel., Sw., & Dan. malt, and E. melt. sq. root108. See Melt.]

Defn: Barley or other grain, steeped in water and dried in a kiln, thus forcing germination until the saccharine principle has been evolved. It is used in brewing and in the distillation of whisky.

MALT Malt, a.

Defn: Relating to, containing, or made with, malt. Malt liquor, an alcoholic liquor, as beer, ale, porter, etc., prepared by fermenting an infusion of malt. -- Malt dust, fine particles of malt, or of the grain used in making malt; -used as a fertilizer. " Malt dust consists chiefly of the infant radicle separated from the grain." Sir H. Davy. -- Malt floor, a floor for drying malt. -- Malt house, or Malthouse, a house in which malt is made. -- Malt kiln, a heated chamber for drying malt.

MALT Malt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Malted: p. pr. & vb. n. Malting.]

Defn: To make into malt; as, to malt barley.

MALT Malt, v. i.

Defn: To become malt; also, to make grain into malt. Mortimer.

MALTALENT Mal"ta*lent, n. Etym: [F. See Malice, and Talent.]

Defn: Ill will; malice. [Obs.] Rom. of R. Spenser.

MALTESE Mal*tese", a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Malta or to its inhabitants. -- n. sing. & pl.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Malta; the people of Malta. Maltese cat (Zoöl.), a mouse-colored variety of the domestic cat. -- Maltese cross. See Illust. 5, of Cross. -- Maltese dog (Zoöl.), a breed of small terriers, having long silky white hair. The breed originated in Malta.

MALTHA Mal"tha, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. A variety of bitumen, viscid and tenacious, like pitch, unctuous to the touch, and exhaling a bituminous odor.

2. Mortar. [Obs.] Holland.

MALTHUSIAN Mal*thu"sian, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the political economist, the Rev. T. R. Malthus, or conforming to his views; as, Malthusian theories.

Note: Malthus held that population tends to increase faster than its means of subsistence can be made to do, and hence that the lower classes must necessarily suffer more or less from lack of food, unless an increase of population be checked by prudential restraint or otherwise.

MALTHUSIAN Mal*thu"sian, n.

Defn: A follower of Malthus.

MALTHUSIANISM Mal*thu"sian*ism, n.

Defn: The system of Malthusian doctrines relating to population.

MALTIN; MALTINE Malt"in, Malt"ine, n. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The fermentative principle of malt; malt diastase; also, a name given to various medicinal preparations made from or containing malt.

MALTING Malt"ing, n.

Defn: The process of making, or of becoming malt.

MALTMAN Malt"man, n.; pl. Maltmen (.

Defn: A man whose occupation is to make malt.

MALTONIC Mal*ton"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, maltose; specif., designating an acid called also gluconic or dextronic acid. See Gluconic.

MALTOSE Malt"ose`, n. Etym: [From Malt.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action of distance of malt, and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power.

MALTREAT Mal*treat", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Maltreated; p. pr. & vb. n. Maltreating.] Etym: [Mal- + treat: cf. F. maltraiter.]

Defn: To treat ill; to abuse; to treat roughly.

MALTREATMENT Mal*treat"ment, n.; Etym: [Cf. F. maltraitement.]

Defn: Ill treatment; ill usage; abuse.

MALTSTER Malt"ster, n.

Defn: A maltman. Swift.

MALTWORM Malt"worm`, n.

Defn: A tippler. [R.] Shak.

MALTY Malt"y, a.

Defn: Consisting, or like, malt. Dickens.

MALUM Ma"lum, n.; pl. Mala. Etym: [L.]

Defn: An evil. See Mala.

MALVACEOUS Mal*va"ceous, a. Etym: [L. malvaceus, from malva mallows. See Mallow.] (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, a natural order of plants (Malvaceæ), of which the mallow is the type. The cotton plant, hollyhock, and abutilon are of this order, and the baobab and the silk-cotton trees are now referred to it.

MALVERSATION Mal`ver*sa"tion, n. Etym: [F., fr. malverser to be corrupt in office, fr. L. male ill + versari to move about, to occupy one's self, vertere to turn. See Malice, and Verse.]

Defn: Evil conduct; fraudulent practices; misbehavior, corruption, or extortion in office.

MALVESIE Mal"ve*sie, n.

Defn: Malmsey wine. See Malmsey. " A jub of malvesye." Chaucer.

MAM Mam, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. mamma.]

Defn: Mamma.

MAM Mam (mam), n. [Abbrev. fr. mamma.]

Defn: Mamma.

MAMA Ma*ma", n.

Defn: See Mamma.

MAMALUKE Mam"a*luke, n.

Defn: Same as Mameluke.

MAMELON Mam"e*lon, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A rounded hillock; a rounded elevation or protuberance. Westmin. Rev.

MAMELUCO Mam`e*lu"co, n. Etym: [Pg.]

Defn: A child born of a white father and Indian mother. [S. Amer.]

MAMELUKE Mam"e*luke, n. Etym: [F. mamelouk, cf. Sp. mameluco, It. mammalucco; all fr. Ar. maml a purchased slave or captive; lit., possessed or in one's power, p. p. of malaka to possesses.]

Defn: One of a body of mounted soldiers recruited from slaves converted to Mohammedanism, who, during several centuries, had more or less control of the government of Egypt, until exterminated or dispersed by Mehemet Ali in 1811.

MAMILLATED Mam"il*la`ted, a.

Defn: See Mammillated.

MAMMA Mam*ma", n. Etym: [Reduplicated from the infantine word ma, influenced in spelling by L. mamma.]

Defn: Mother; -- word of tenderness and familiarity. [Written also mama.] Tell tales papa and mamma. Swift.

MAMMA Mam"ma, n.; pl. Mammæ. Etym: [L. mamma breast.] (Anat.)

Defn: A glandular organ for secreting milk, characteristic of all mammals, but usually rudimentary in the male; a mammary gland; a breast; under; bag.

MAMMAL Mam"mal, n.; pl. Mammals. Etym: [L. mammalis belonging to the breast, fr. mamma the breast or pap: cf. F. mammal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Mammalia. Age of mammals. See under Age, n., 8.

MAMMALIA Mam*ma"li*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from L. mammalis. See Mammal.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The highest class of Vertebrata. The young are nourished for a time by milk, or an analogous fluid, secreted by the mammary glands of the mother.

Note: Mammalia are divided into threes subclasses; --I. Placentalia. This subclass embraces all the higher orders, including man. In these the fetus is attached to the uterus by a placenta. II. Marsupialia. In these no placenta is formed, and the young, which are born at an early state of development, are carried for a time attached to the teats, and usually protected by a marsupial pouch. The opossum, kangaroo, wombat, and koala are examples. III. Monotremata. In this group, which includes the genera Echidna and Ornithorhynchus, the female lays large eggs resembling those of a bird or lizard, and the young, which are hatched like those of birds, are nourished by a watery secretion from the imperfectly developed mammæ.

MAMMALIAN Mam*ma"li*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Mammalia or mammals.

MAMMALIFEROUS Mam`ma*lif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Mammal + -ferous.] (Geol.)

Defn: Containing mammalian remains; -- said of certain strata.

MAMMALOGICAL Mam`ma*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to mammalogy.

MAMMALOGIST Mam*mal"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. mammalogiste.]

Defn: One versed in mammalogy.

MAMMALOGY Mam*mal"o*gy, n. Etym: [Mamma breast + -logy: cf. f. mammalogie.]

Defn: The science which relates to mammals or the Mammalia. See Mammalia.

MAMMARY Mam"ma*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. mammaire.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the mammæ or breasts; as, the mammary arteries and veins.

MAMMEE Mam*mee", n. Etym: [Haytian mamey.] (Bot.)

Defn: A fruit tree of tropical America, belonging to the genus Mammea (M. Americana); also, its fruit. The latter is large, covered with a thick, tough ring, and contains a bright yellow pulp of a pleasant taste and fragrant scent. It is often called mammee apple.

MAMMER Mam"mer, v. i. Etym: [Cf. G. memme coward, poltroon.]

Defn: To hesitate; to mutter doubtfully. [Obs.]

MAMMET Mam"met, n. Etym: [See Mawmet.]

Defn: An idol; a puppet; a doll. [Obs.] Selden. Shak.

MAMMETRY Mam"met*ry, n.

Defn: See Mawmetry. [Obs.]

MAMMIFER Mam"mi*fer, n. Etym: [NL. See Mammiferous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mammal. See Mammalia.

MAMMIFEROUS Mam*mif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Mamma breast + -ferous: cf. F. mammifère.]

Defn: Having breasts; of, pertaining to, or derived from, the Mammalia.

MAMMIFORM Mam"mi*form, a. Etym: [Mamma breast + -form: cf. F. mammiforme.]

Defn: Having the form of a mamma (breast) or mammæ.

MAMMILLA Mam*mil"la, n.; pl. Mammilæ. Etym: [L., dim. of mamma a breast.] (Anat.)

Defn: The nipple.

MAMMILLARY Mam"mil*la*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. mammilaire. See Mammilla.]

1. Of or pertaining to the mammilla, or nipple, or to the breast; resembling a mammilla; mammilloid.

2. (Min.)

Defn: Composed of convex convex concretions, somewhat resembling the breasts in form; studded with small mammiform protuberances.

MAMMILLATE; MAMMILLATED Mam"mil*late, Mam"mil*la`ted, a. Etym: [See Mammilla.]

1. Having small nipples, or small protuberances like nipples or mammæ.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Bounded like a nipple; -- said of the apex of some shells.

MAMMILLIFORM Mam*mil"li*form, a. Etym: [Mammil + -form.]

Defn: Having the form of a mammilla.

MAMMILLOID Mam"mil*loid, a. Etym: [Mammilla + -oid.]

Defn: Like a mammilla or nipple; mammilliform.

MAMMOCK Mam"mock, n. Etym: [Ir. & Gael. mam a round hill + -ock.]

Defn: A shapeless piece; a fragment. [Obs.]

MAMMOCK Mam"mock, v. t.

Defn: To tear to pieces. [Obs.] Milton.

MAMMODIS Mam"mo*dis, n. Etym: [F. mamoudis, fr. Hind. mahmudi a muslin.]

Defn: Coarse plain India muslins.

MAMMOLOGY Mam*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Mamma + -logy.]

Defn: Mastology. See Mammalogy.

MAMMON Mam"mon, n. Etym: [L. mammona, Gr. mam; cf. Heb. matm a hiding place, subterranean storehouse, treasury, fr. taman to hide.]

Defn: Riches; wealth; the god of riches; riches, personified. Ye can not serve God and Mammon. Matt. vi. 24.

MAMMONISH Mam"mon*ish, a.

Defn: Actuated or prompted by a devotion to money getting or the service of Mammon. Carlyle.

MAMMONISM Mam"mon*ism, n.

Defn: Devotion to the pursuit of wealth; worldliness. Carlyle.

MAMMONIST Mam"mon*ist, n.

Defn: A mammonite.

MAMMONITE Mam"mon*ite, n.

Defn: One devoted to the acquisition of wealth or the service of Mammon. C. Kingsley.

MAMMONIZATION Mam`mon*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The process of making mammonish; the state of being under the influence of mammonism.

MAMMONIZE Mam"mon*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make mammonish.

MAMMOSE Mam*mose", a. Etym: [L. mammosus having large breasts, mamma breast.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the form of the breast; breast-shaped.

MAMMOTH Mam"moth, n. Etym: [Russ. mâmont, mámant, fr. Tartar mamma the earth. Certain Tartar races, the Tungooses and Yakoots, believed that the mammoth worked its way in the earth like a mole.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extinct, hairy, maned elephant (Elephas primigenius), of enormous size, remains of which are found in the northern parts of both continents. The last of the race, in Europe, were coeval with prehistoric man.

Note: Several specimens have been found in Siberia preserved entire, with the flesh and hair remaining. They were imbedded in the ice cliffs at a remote period, and became exposed by the melting of the ice.

MAMMOTH Mam"moth, a.

Defn: Resembling the mammoth in size; very large; gigantic; as, a mammoth ox.

MAMMOTHREPT Mam"mo*thrept, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A child brought up by its grandmother; a spoiled child. [R.] O, you are a more mammothrept in judgment. B. Jonson.

MAMMY Mam"my, n.; pl. Mammies (.

Defn: A child's name for mamma, mother.

MAMZER Mam"zer, n. Etym: [Heb. mámz.]

Defn: A person born of relations between whom marriage was forbidden by the Mosaic law; a bastard. Deut. xxiii. 2 (Douay version).

MAN Man, n.; pl. Men. Etym: [AS. mann, man, monn, mon; akin to OS., D., & OHG. man, G. mann, Icel. maedhr, for mannr, Dan. Mand, Sw. man, Goth. manna, Skr. manu, manus, and perh. to Skr. man to think, and E. mind. sq. root104. Cf. Minx a pert girl.]

1. A human being; -- opposed tobeast. These men went about wide, and man found they none, But fair country, and wild beast many [a] one. R. of Glouc. The king is but a man, as I am; the violet smells to him as it doth to me. Shak.

2. Especially: An adult male person; a grown-up male person, as distinguished from a woman or a child. When I became a man, I put away childish things. I Cor. xiii. 11. Ceneus, a woman once, and once a man. Dryden.

3. The human race; mankind. And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness, and let them have dominion. Gen. i. 26. The proper study of mankind is man. Pope.

4. The male portion of the human race. Woman has, in general, much stronger propensity than man to the discharge of parental duties. Cowper.

5. One possessing in a high degree the distinctive qualities of manhood; one having manly excellence of any kind. Shak. This was the noblest Roman of them all . . . the elements So mixed in him that Nature might stand up And say to all the world "This was a man! Shak.

6. An adult male servant; also, a vassal; a subject. Like master, like man. Old Proverb. The vassal, or tenant, kneeling, ungirt, uncovered, and holding up his hands between those of his lord, professed that he did become his man from that day forth, of life, limb, and earthly honor. Blackstone.

7. A term of familiar address often implying on the part of the speaker some degree of authority, impatience, or haste; as, Come, man, we 've no time to lose !

8. A married man; a husband; -- correlative to wife. I pronounce that they are man and wife. Book of Com. Prayer. every wife ought to answer for her man. Addison.

9. One, or any one, indefinitely; -- a modified survival of the Saxon use of man, or mon, as an indefinite pronoun. A man can not make him laugh. Shak. A man would expect to find some antiquities; but all they have to show of this nature is an old rostrum of a Roman ship. Addison.

10. One of the piece with which certain games, as chess or draughts, are played.

Note: Man is often used as a prefix in composition, or as a separate adjective, its sense being usually self-explaining; as, man child, man eater or maneater, man-eating, man hater or manhater, man-hating, manhunter, man-hunting, mankiller, man-killing, man midwife, man pleaser, man servant, man-shaped, manslayer, manstealer, man- stealing, manthief, man worship, etc. Man is also used as a suffix to denote a person of the male sex having a business which pertains to the thing spoken of in the qualifying part of the compound; ashman, butterman, laundryman, lumberman, milkman, fireman, showman, waterman, woodman. Where the combination is not familiar, or where some specific meaning of the compound is to be avoided, man is used as a separate substantive in the foregoing sense; as, apple man, cloth man, coal man, hardware man, wood man (as distinguished from woodman). Man ape (Zoöl.), a anthropoid ape, as the gorilla. -- Man at arms, a designation of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries for a soldier fully armed. -- Man engine, a mechanical lift for raising or lowering people through considerable distances; specifically (Mining), a contrivance by which miners ascend or descend in a shaft. It consists of a series of landings in the shaft and an equal number of shelves on a vertical rod which has an up and down motion equal to the distance between the successive landings. A man steps from a landing to a shelf and is lifted or lowered to the next landing, upon which he them steps, and so on, traveling by successive stages. -- Man Friday, a person wholly subservient to the will of another, like Robinson Crusoe's servant Friday. -- Man of straw, a puppet; one who is controlled by others; also, one who is not responsible pecuniarily. -- Man-of-the earth (Bot.), a twining plant (Ipomoea pandurata) with leaves and flowers much like those of the morning-glory, but having an immense tuberous farinaceous root. -- Man of war. (a) A warrior; a soldier. Shak. (b) (Naut.) See in the Vocabulary. -- To be one's own man, to have command of one's self; not to be subject to another.

MAN Man, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manned; p. pr. & vb. n. Manning.]

1. To supply with men; to furnish with a sufficient force or complement of men, as for management, service, defense, or the like; to guard; as, to man a ship, boat, or fort. See how the surly Warwick mans the wall ! Shak. They man their boats, and all their young men arm. Waller.

2. To furnish with strength for action; to prepare for efficiency; to fortify. "Theodosius having manned his soul with proper reflections." Addison.

3. To tame, as a hawk. [R.] Shak.

4. To furnish with a servants. [Obs.] Shak.

5. To wait on as a manservant. [Obs.] Shak.

Note: In "Othello," V. ii. 270, the meaning is uncertain, being, perhaps: To point, to aim, or to manage. To man a yard (Naut.), to send men upon a yard, as for furling or reefing a sail. -- To man the yards (Naut.), to station men on the yards as a salute or mark of respect.

MANABLE Man"a*ble, a.

Defn: Marriageable.[Obs.]

MANACE Man"ace, n. & v.

Defn: Same as Menace. [Obs.]

MANACLE Man"a*cle, n. Etym: [OE. manicle, OF. manicle, F. manicle sort glove, manacle, L. manicula a little hand, dim. of manus hand; cf. L. manica sleeve, manacle, fr.manus. See Manual.]

Defn: A handcuff; a shackle for the hand or wrist; -- usually in the plural. Doctrine unto fools is as fetters on the feet, and like manacles on the right hand. Ecclus. xxi. 19.

MANACLE Man"a*cle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manacled; p. pr. & vb. n. Manacling.]

Defn: To put handcuffs or other fastening upon, for confining the hands; to shackle; to confine; to restrain from the use of the limbs or natural powers. Is it thus you use this monarch, to manacle and shackle him hand and foot Arbuthnot.

MANAGE Man"age, n. Etym: [F. manège, It. maneggio, fr. maneggiare to manage, fr. L.manushand. Perhaps somewhat influenced by F. ménage housekeeping, OF. mesnage, akin to E. mansion. See Manual, and cf. Manege.]

Defn: The handling or government of anything, but esp. of a horse; management; administration. See Manege. [Obs.] Young men, in the conduct and manage of actions, embrace more than they can hold. Bacon. Down, down I come; like glistering Phaëthon Wanting the manage of unruly jades. Shak. The unlucky manage of this fatal brawl. Shak.

Note: This word, in its limited sense of management of a horse, has been displaced by manege; in its more general meaning, by management.

MANAGE Man"age, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Managed; p. pr. & vb. n. Managing.] Etym: [From Manage, n.]

1. To have under control and direction; to conduct; to guide; to administer; to treat; to handle. Long tubes are cumbersome, and scarce to be easily managed. Sir I. Newton. What wars Imanage, and what wreaths I gain. Prior.

2. Hence: Esp., to guide by careful or delicate treatment; to wield with address; to make subservient by artful conduct; to bring around cunningly to one's plans. It was so much his interest to manage his Protestant subjects. Addison . It was not her humor to manage those over whom she had gained an ascendant. Bp. Hurd.

3. To train in the manege, as a horse; to exercise in graceful or artful action.

4. To treat with care; to husband. Dryden.

5. To bring about; to contrive. Shak.

Syn. -- To direct; govern; control; wield; order; contrive; concert; conduct; transact.

MANAGE Man"age, v. i.

Defn: To direct affairs; to carry on business or affairs; to administer. Leave them to manage for thee. Dryden .

MANAGEABILITY Man`age*a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being manageable; manageableness.

MANAGEABLE Man"age*a*ble, a.

Defn: Such as can be managed or used; suffering control; governable; tractable; subservient; as, a manageable horse.

Syn. -- Governable; tractable; controllable; docile. -- Man"age*a*ble*ness, n. -- Man"age*a*bly, adv.

MANAGELESS Man"age*less, a.

Defn: Unmanageable.[R.]

MANAGEMENT Man"age*ment, n. Etym: [From Manage, v.]

1. The act or art of managing; the manner of treating, directing, carrying on, or using, for a purpose; conduct; administration; guidance; control; as, the management of a family or of a farm; the management of state affairs. "The management of the voice." E. Porter.

2. Business dealing; negotiation; arrangement. He had great managements with ecclesiastics. Addison .

3. Judicious use of means to accomplish an end; conduct directed by art or address; skillful treatment; cunning practice; -- often in a bad sense. Mark with what management their tribes divide Some stick to you, and some to t'other side. Dryden.

4. The collective body of those who manage or direct any enterprise or interest; the board of managers.

Syn. -- Conduct; administration; government; direction; guidance; care; charge; contrivance; intrigue.

MANAGER Man"a*ger, n.

1. One who manages; a conductor or director; as, the manager of a theater. A skillful manager of the rabble. South.

2. A person who conducts business or household affairs with economy and frugality; a good economist. A prince of great aspiring thoughts; in the main, a manager of his treasure. Sir W. Temple.

3. A contriver; an intriguer. Shak.

MANAGERIAL Man`a*ge"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to management or a manager; as, managerial qualities. "Managerial responsibility." C. Bronté.

MANAGERSHIP Man"a*ger*ship, n.

Defn: The office or position of a manager.

MANAGERY Man"age*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. menagerie, mesnagerie. See Manage, n., and cf. Menagerie.]

1. Management; manner of using; conduct; direction.

2. Husbandry; economy; frugality. Bp. Burnet.

MANAKIN Man"a*kin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. & G. manakin; prob. the native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous small birds belonging to Pipra, Manacus, and other genera of the family Pipridæ. They are mostly natives of Central and South America. some are bright-colored, and others have the wings and tail curiously ornamented. The name is sometimes applied to related birds of other families.

MANAKIN Man"a*kin, n.

Defn: A dwarf. See Manikin. Shak.

MANATEE Man`a*tee", n. Etym: [Sp. manatí, from the native name in Hayti. Cf. Lamantin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of Trichechus, a genus of sirenians; -- called alsosea cow. [Written also manaty, manati.]

Note: One species (Trichechus Senegalensis) inhabits the west coast of Africa; another (T. Americanus) inhabits the east coast of South America, and the West-Indies. The Florida manatee (T. latirostris) is by some considered a distinct species, by others it is thought to be a variety of T. Americanus. It sometimes becomes fifteen feet or more in length, and lives both in fresh and salt water. It is hunted for its oil and flesh.

MANATION Ma*na"tion, n.Etym: [L.manatio, fr. manare to flow.]

Defn: The act of issuing or flowing out. [Obs.]

MANBIRD Man"bird`, n.

Defn: An aviator. [Colloq.]

MANBOTE Man"bote`, n. Etym: [AS. man man, vassal + bot recompense.] (Anglo- Saxon Law)

Defn: A sum paid to a lord as a pecuniary compensation for killing his man (that is, his vassal, servant, or tenant). Spelman.

MANCA Man"ca, n. Etym: [LL.]

Defn: See Mancus.

MANCHE Manche, n. [Also maunch.] Etym: [F. manche, fr. L. manica. See Manacle.]

Defn: A sleeve. [Obs.]

MANCHET Man"chet, n.

Defn: Fine white bread; a loaf of fine bread. [Archaic] Bacon. Tennyson.

MANCHINEEL Man`chi*neel", n. Etym: [Sp. manzanillo, fr. manzana an apple, fr. L. malum Matianum a kind of apple. So called from its apple-like fruit.] (Bot.)

Defn: A euphorbiaceous tree (Hippomane Mancinella) of tropical America, having a poisonous and blistering milky juice, and poisonous acrid fruit somewhat resembling an apple. Bastard manchineel, a tree (Cameraria latifolia) of the East Indies, having similar poisonous properties. Lindley.

MANCHU Man*chu", a. Etym: [Written also Manchoo, Mantchoo, etc.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Manchuria or its inhabitants. -- n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Manchuria; also, the language spoken by the Manchus.

MANCIPATE Man"ci*pate, v. t. Etym: [L. mancipatus, p. p. of mancipare to sell. Cf. Emancipate.]

Defn: To enslave; to bind; to restrict. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

MANCIPATION Man`ci*pa"tion, n. Etym: [L. mancipatio a transfer.]

Defn: Slavery; involuntary servitude. [Obs.] Johnson.

MANCIPLE Man"ci*ple, n. Etym: [From OF. mancipe slave, servant (with l inserted, as in participle), fr. L. mancipium. See Mancipate.]

Defn: A steward; a purveyor, particularly of a college or Inn of Court. Chaucer.

MANCONA BARK Man*co"na bark`

Defn: . See Sassy bark.

MANCUS Man"cus, n. Etym: [AS.]

Defn: An old Anglo Saxon coin both of gold and silver, and of variously estimated values. The silver mancus was equal to about one shilling of modern English money.

-MANCY -man`cy. Etym: [Gr. -mancie.]

Defn: A combining form denoting divination; as, aleuromancy, chiromancy, necromancy, etc.

MAND Mand, n.

Defn: A demand. [Obs.] See Demand.

MANDAMUS Man*da"mus, n. Etym: [L., we command, fr. mandare to command.] (Law)

Defn: A writ issued by a superior court and directed to some inferior tribunal, or to some corporation or person exercising authority, commanding the performance of some specified duty.

MANDARIN Man`da*rin", n. Etym: [Pg. mandarim, from Malay mantri minister of state, prop. a Hind. word, fr. Skr. mantrin a counselor, manira a counsel, man to think.]

1. A Chinese public officer or nobleman; a civil or military official in China and Annam.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A small orange, with easily separable rind. It is thought to be of Chinese origin, and is counted a distinct species (Citrus nobilis)mandarin orange; tangerine. Mandarin duck (Zoöl.), a beautiful Asiatic duck (Dendronessa galericulata), often domesticated, and regarded by the Chinese as an emblem of conjugal affection. -- Mandarin language, the spoken or colloquial language of educated people in China. -- Mandarin yellow (Chem.), an artificial aniline dyestuff used for coloring silk and wool, and regarded as a complex derivative of quinoline.

MANDARINATE Man`da*rin"ate, n.

Defn: The collective body of officials or persons of rank in China. S. W. Williams.

MANDARINIC Man`da*rin"ic, a.

Defn: Appropriate or peculiar to a mandarin.

MANDARINING Man`da*rin"ing, n. (Dyeing)

Defn: The process of giving an orange color to goods formed of animal tissue, as silk or wool, not by coloring matter, but by producing a certain change in the fiber by the action of dilute nitric acid. Tomlinson.

MANDARINISM Man`da*rin"ism, n.

Defn: A government mandarins; character or spirit of the mandarins. F. Lieder.

MANDATARY Man"da*ta*ry, n. Etym: [L. mandatarius, fr. mandatum a charge, commission, order: cf. F. mandataire. See Mandate.]

1. One to whom a command or charge is given; hence, specifically, a person to whom the pope has, by his prerogative, given a mandate or order for his benefice. Ayliffe.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who undertakes to discharge a specific business commission; a mandatory. Wharton.

MANDATE Man"date, n. Etym: [L. mandatum, fr. mandare to commit to one's charge, order, orig., to put into one's hand; manus hand + dare to give: cf. F. mandat. See Manual, Date a time, and cf. Commend, Maundy Thursday.]

1. An official or authoritative command; an order or injunction; a commission; a judicial precept. This dream all-powerful Juno; I bear Her mighty mandates, and her words you hear. Dryden.

2. (Canon Law)

Defn: A rescript of the pope, commanding an ordinary collator to put the person therein named in possession of the first vacant benefice in his collation.

3. (Scots Law)

Defn: A contract by which one employs another to manage any business for him. By the Roman law, it must have been gratuitous. Erskine.

MANDATOR Man*da"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

1. A director; one who gives a mandate or order. Ayliffe.

2. (Rom. Law)

Defn: The person who employs another to perform a mandate. Bouvier.

MANDATORY Man"da*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. mandatorius.]

Defn: Containing a command; preceptive; directory.

MANDATORY Man"da*to*ry, n.

Defn: Same as Mandatary.

MANDELATE Man"del*ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of mandelic acid.

MANDELIC Man*del"ic, a. Etym: [G. mandel almond.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to an acid first obtained from benzoic aldehyde (oil of better almonds), as a white crystalline substance; -- called also phenyl glycolic acid.

MANDER Man"der, v. t. & i.

Defn: See Maunder.

MANDERIL Man"der*il, n.

Defn: A mandrel.

MANDIBLE Man"di*ble, n. Etym: [L. mandibula, mandibulum, fr. mandere to chew. Cf. Manger.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The bone, or principal bone, of the lower jaw; the inferior maxilla; -- also applied to either the upper or the lower jaw in the beak of birds.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The anterior pair of mouth organs of insects, crustaceaus, and related animals, whether adapted for biting or not. See Illust. of Diptera.

MANDIBULAR Man*dib"u*lar, a. Etym: [Cf. F. mandibulaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a mandible; like a mandible. -- n.

Defn: The principal mandibular bone; the mandible. Mandibular arch (Anat.), the most anterior visceral arch, -- that in which the mandible is developed.

MANDIBULATE; MANDIBULATED Man*dib"u*late, Man*dib"u*la`ted, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Provided with mandibles adapted for biting, as many insects.

MANDIBULATE Man*dib"u*late, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An insect having mandibles.

MANDIBULIFORM Man`di*bu"li*form, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the form of a mandible; -- said especially of the maxillæ of an insect when hard and adapted for biting.

MANDIBULOHYOID Man*dib`u*lo*hy"oid, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining both to the mandibular and the hyoid arch, or situated between them.

MANDIL Man"dil, n. Etym: [OF. mandil; cf. Sp. & Pg. mandil a coarse apron, a haircloth; all from Ar. mandil tablecloth, handkerchief, mantle, fr. LGr. mantile, mantele. See Mantle.]

Defn: A loose outer garment worn the 16th and 17th centuries.

MANDILION Man*dil"ion, n.

Defn: See Mandil. Chapman.

MANDINGOS Man*din"gos, n. pl.

Defn: ; sing. Mandingo. (Ethnol.) An extensive and powerful tribe of West African negroes.

MANDIOC; MANDIOCA Man"di*oc, Man`di*o"ca, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Manioc.

MANDLESTONE Man"dle*stone`, n. Etym: [G. mandelstein almond stone.] (Min.)

Defn: Amygdaloid.

MANDMENT Mand"ment, n.

Defn: Commandment. [Obs.]

MANDOLA Man*do"la, n. [It. See Mandolin.] (Mus.)

Defn: An instrument closely resembling the mandolin, but of larger size and tuned lower.

MANDOLIN; MANDOLINE Man"do*lin, Man"do*line, n. Etym: [F. mandoline, It. mandolino, dim. of mandola, fr. L. pandura. See Bandore.] (Mus.)

Defn: A small and beautifully shaped instrument resembling the lute.

MANDORE Man"dore, n. Etym: [See Mandolin, and Bandore.] (Mus.)

Defn: A kind of four-stringed lute.

MANDRAGORA Man*drag"o*ra, n. Etym: [L., mandragoras the mandrake.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants; the mandrake. See Mandrake, 1.

MANDRAGORITE Man*drag"o*rite, n.

Defn: One who habitually intoxicates himself with a narcotic obtained from mandrake.

MANDRAKE Man"drake, n. Etym: [AS. mandragora, L. mandragoras, fr. Gr. mandragore.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A low plant (Mandragora officinarum) of the Nightshade family, having a fleshy root, often forked, and supposed to resemble a man. It was therefore supposed to have animal life, and to cry out when pulled up. All parts of the plant are strongly narcotic. It is found in the Mediterranean region. And shrieks like mandrakes, torn out of the earth, That living mortals, hearing them, run mad. Shak.

Note: The mandrake of Scripture was perhaps the same plant, but proof is wanting.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The May apple (Podophyllum peltatum). See May apple under May, and Podophyllum. [U.S.]

MANDREL Man"drel, n. Etym: [F. mandrin, prob. through (assumed) LL. mamphurinum, fr. L. mamphur a bow drill.] (Mach.) (a) A bar of metal inserted in the work to shape it, or to hold it, as in a lathe, during the process of manufacture; an arbor. (b) The live spindle of a turning lathe; the revolving arbor of a circular saw. It is usually driven by a pulley. [Written also manderil.] Mandrel lathe, a lathe with a stout spindle, adapted esp. for chucking, as for forming hollow articles by turning or spinning.

MANDRILL Man"drill, n. Etym: [Cf. F. mandrille, Sp. mandril, It. mandrillo; prob. the native name in Africa. Cf. Drill an ape.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: a large West African baboon (Cynocephalus, or Papio, mormon). The adult male has, on the sides of the nose, large, naked, grooved swellings, conspicuously striped with blue and red.

MANDUCABLE Man"du*ca*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manducable. See Manducate.]

Defn: Such as can be chewed; fit to be eaten. [R.] Any manducable creature. Sir T. Herbert.

MANDUCATE Man"du*cate v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manducated; p. pr. & vb. n. Manducating.] Etym: [L. manducatus, p. p. of manducare to chew. See Manger.]

Defn: To masticate; to chew; to eat. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

MANDUCATION Man`du*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. manducatio: cf. F. manducation.]

Defn: The act of chewing. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

MANDUCATORY Man"du*ca*to*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or employed in, chewing.

MANDUCUS Man*du"cus, n. Etym: [L., fr. manducare to chew.] (Gr. & Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A grotesque mask, representing a person chewing or grimacing, worn in processions and by comic actors on the stage.

MANE Mane, n. Etym: [AS. manu; akin to OD. mane, D. maan, G. mähne, OHG. mana, Icel. mön, Dan. & Sw. man, AS. mene necklace, Icel. men, L. monile, Gr. manya neck muscles. sq. root275.]

Defn: The long and heavy hair growing on the upper side of, or about, the neck of some quadrupedal animals, as the horse, the lion, etc. See Illust. of Horse.

MAN-EATER Man"-eat`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One who, or that which, has an appetite for human flesh; specifically, one of certain large sharks (esp. Carcharodon Rondeleti); also, a lion or a tiger which has acquired the habit of feeding upon human flesh.

MANED Maned, a.

Defn: Having a mane. Maned seal (Zoöl.), the sea lion. -- Maned sheep (Zoöl.), the aoudad.

MANEGE Ma*nege", n. Etym: [F. manège. See Manage, n.]

1. Art of horsemanship, or of training horses

2. A school for teaching horsemanship, and for training horses. Chesterfield.

MANEH Ma"neh, n. Etym: [Heb. maneh.]

Defn: A Hebrew weight for gold or silver, being one hundred shekels of gold and sixty shekels of silver. Ezek. xlv. 12.

MANELESS Mane"less, a.

Defn: Having no mane. Maneless lion (Zoöl.), a variety of the lion having a short, inconspicuous mane. It inhabits Arabia and adjacent countries.

MANEQUIN Man"e*quin, n. Etym: [See Manikin.]

Defn: An artist's model of wood or other material.

MANERIAL Ma*ne"ri*al, a.

Defn: See Manorial.

MANES Ma"nes, n. pl. Etym: [L.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: The benevolent spirits of the dead, especially of dead ancestors, regarded as family deities and protectors. Hail, O ye holy manes! Dryden.

MANESHEET Mane"sheet`, n.

Defn: A covering placed over the upper part of a horse's head.

MANEUVER; MANOEUVRE Ma*neu"ver, Ma*noeu"vre, n. Etym: [F. manoeuvre, OF. manuevre, LL. manopera, lit., hand work, manual labor; L.manus hand + opera, fr. opus work. See Manual, Operate, and cf. Mainor, Manure.]

1. Management; dexterous movement; specif., a military or naval evolution, movement, or change of position.

2. Management with address or artful design; adroit proceeding; stratagem.

MANEUVER; MANOEUVRE Ma*neu"ver, Ma*noeu"vre, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Maneuvered or Manoeuvred; p. pr. & vb. n. Maneuvering (, or Manoeuvring (.] Etym: [Cf. F. manoeuvrer. See Maneuver, n.]

1. To perform a movement or movements in military or naval tactics; to make changes in position with reference to getting advantage in attack or defense.

2. To manage with address or art; to scheme.

MANEUVER; MANOEUVRE Ma*neu"ver, Ma*noeu"vre, v. t.

Defn: To change the positions of, as of troops of ships.

MANEUVERER; MANOEUVRER Ma*neu"ver*er, Ma*noeu"vrer, n.

Defn: One who maneuvers. This charming widow Beaumont is a nanoeuvrer. We can't well make an English word of it. Miss Edgeworth.

MANFUL Man"ful, a.

Defn: Showing manliness, or manly spirit; hence, brave, courageous, resolute, noble. " Manful hardiness." Chaucer. -- Man"ful*ly, adv. -- Man"ful*ness, n.

MANGABEY Man"ga*bey, n. Etym: [So called by Buffon from Mangaby, in Madagascar, where he erroneously supposed them be native.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several African monkeys of the genus Cercocebus, as the sooty mangabey (C. fuliginosus), which is sooty black. [Also written mangaby.]

MANGAN Man"gan, n.

Defn: See Mangonel.

MANGANATE Man"ga*nate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. manganate.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of manganic acid.

Note: The manganates are usually green, and are wellknown compounds, though derived from a hypothetical acid.

MANGANESATE Man`ga*ne"sate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A manganate. [Obs.]

MANGANESE Man`ga*nese", n. Etym: [F. manganèse, It. mamaganese, sasso magnesio; prob. corrupted from L. magnes, because of its resemblance to the magnet. See Magnet, and cf. Magnesia.] (Chem.)

Defn: An element obtained by reduction of its oxide, as a hard, grayish white metal, fusible with difficulty, but easily oxidized. Its ores occur abundantly in nature as the minerals pyrolusite, manganite, etc. Symbol Mn. Atomic weight 54.8.

Note: An alloy of manganese with iron (called ferromanganese) is used to increase the density and hardness of steel. Black oxide of manganese, Manganese dioxide or peroxide, or Black manganese (Chem.), a heavy black powder MnO2, occurring native as the mineral pyrolusite, and valuable as a strong oxidizer; -- called also familiarly manganese. It colors glass violet, and is used as a decolorizer to remove the green tint of impure glass. Manganese bronze, an alloy made by adding from one to two per cent of manganese to the copper and zinc used in brass.

MANGANESE STEEL Man`ga*nese" steel.

Defn: Cast steel containing a considerable percentage of manganese, which makes it very hard and tough. See Alloy steel, above.

MANGANESIAN Man`ga*ne"sian, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manganésien.] (Chem.)

Defn: Manganic. [R.]

MANGANESIC Man`ga*ne"sic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manganésique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Manganic. [Obs.]

MANGANESIOUS Man`ga*ne"sious, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Manganous.

MANGANESIUM Man`ga*ne"si*um, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Manganese.

MANGANESOUS Man`ga*ne"sous, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Manganous.

MANGANIC Man`gan"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manganique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to resembling, or containing, manganese; specif., designating compounds in which manganese has a higher valence as contrasted with manganous compounds. Cf. Manganous. Manganic acid, an acid, H2MnO4, formed from manganese, analogous to sulphuric acid.

MANGANIFEROUS Man`ga*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Manganese + -ferous.]

Defn: Containing manganese.

MANGANITE Man"ga*nite, n.

1. (Min.)

Defn: One of the oxides of manganese; -- called also gray manganese ore. It occurs in brilliant steel-gray or iron-black crystals, also massive.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A compound of manganese dioxide with a metallic oxide; so called as though derived from the hypothetical manganous acid.

MANGANIUM Man*ga"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Manganese.

MANGANOUS Man"ga*nous, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, designating, those compounds of manganese in which the element has a lower valence as contrasted with manganic compounds; as, manganous oxide. Manganous acid, a hypothetical compound analogous to sulphurous acid, and forming the so-called manganites.

MANGCORN Mang"corn`, n. Etym: [OE. mengen to mix. See Mingle, and Corn.]

Defn: A mixture of wheat and rye, or other species of grain. [Prov Eng.]

MANGE Mange, n. Etym: [See Mangy.] (Vet.)

Defn: The scab or itch in cattle, dogs, and other beasts. Mange insect (Zoöl.), any one of several species of small parasitic mites, which burrow in the skin of cattle. horses, dogs, and other animals, causing the mange. The mange insect of the horse (Psoroptes, or Dermatodectes, equi), and that of cattle (Symbiotes, or Dermatophagys, bovis) are the most important species. See Acarina.

MANGEL-WURZEL Man"gel-wur`zel, n. Etym: [G., corrupted fr. mangoldwurzel; mangold beet + wurzel root.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of large field beet (B. macrorhiza), used as food for cattle, -- by some considered a mere variety of the ordinary beet. See Beet. [Written also mangold-wurzel.]

MANGER Man"ger, n. Etym: [F. mangeoire, fr. manger to eat, fr. L. manducare, fr. mandere to chew. Cf. Mandible, Manducate.]

1. A trough or open box in which fodder is placed for horses or cattle to eat.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: The fore part of the deck, having a bulkhead athwart ships high enough to prevent water which enters the hawse holes from running over it.

MANGILY Man"gi*ly, adv.

Defn: In a mangy manner; scabbily.

MANGINESS Man"gi*ness, n. Etym: [From Mangy.]

Defn: The condition or quality of being mangy.

MANGLE Man"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mangled; p. pr. & vb. n. Mangling.] Etym: [A frequentative fr. OE. manken to main, AS. mancian, in bemancian to mutilate, fr. L. mancus maimed; perh. akin to G. mangeln to be wanting.]

1. To cut or bruise with repeated blows or strokes, making a ragged or torn wound, or covering with wounds; to tear in cutting; to cut in a bungling manner; to lacerate; to mutilate. Mangled with ghastly wounds through plate and mail. Milton.

2. To mutilate or injure, in making, doing, or pertaining; as, to mangle a piece of music or a recitation. To mangle a play or a novel. Swift.

MANGLE Man"gle, n. Etym: [D. mangel, fr. OE. mangonel a machine for throwing stones, LL. manganum, Gr. Mangonel.]

Defn: A machine for smoothing linen or cotton cloth, as sheets, tablecloths, napkins, and clothing, by roller pressure. Mangle rack (Mach.), a contrivance for converting continuous circular motion into reciprocating rectilinear motion, by means of a rack and pinion, as in the mangle. The pinion is held to the rack by a groove in such a manner that it passes alternately from one side of the rack to the other, and thus gives motion to it in opposite directions, according to the side in which its teeth are engaged. -- Mangle wheel, a wheel in which the teeth, or pins, on its face, are interrupted on one side, and the pinion, working in them, passes from inside to outside of the teeth alternately, thus converting the continuous circular motion of the pinion into a reciprocating circular motion of the wheel.

MANGLE Man"gle, v. t. Etym: [Cf. D. mangelen. See Mangle, n.]

Defn: To smooth with a mangle, as damp linen or cloth.

MANGLER Man"gler, n. Etym: [See 1st Mangle.]

Defn: One who mangles or tears in cutting; one who mutilates any work in doing it.

MANGLER Man"gler, n. Etym: [See 3d Mangle.]

Defn: One who smooths with a mangle.

MANGO Man"go, n.; pl. Mangoes. Etym: [Pg. manga, fr. Tamil mankay.]

1. The fruit of the mango tree. It is rather larger than an apple, and of an ovoid shape. Some varieties are fleshy and luscious, and others tough and tasting of turpentine. The green fruit is pickled for market.

2. A green muskmelon stuffed and pickled. Mango bird (Zoöl.), an oriole (Oriolus kundoo), native of India. -- Mango fish (Zoöl.), a fish of the Ganges (Polynemus risua), highly esteemed for food. It has several long, slender filaments below the pectoral fins. It appears about the same time with the mango fruit, in April and May, whence the name. -- Mango tree (Bot.), an East Indian tree of the genus Mangifera (M. Indica), related to the cashew and the sumac. It grows to a large size, and produces the mango of commerce. It is now cultivated in tropical America.

MANGOLDWURZEL Man"gold*wur`zel, n. Etym: [G.] (Bot.)

Defn: See Mangel-wurzel.

MANGONEL Man"go*nel, n. Etym: [OF. mangonel, LL. manganellus, manganum, fr. Gr. Mangle, n.]

Defn: A military engine formerly used for throwing stones and javelins.

MANGONISM Man"go*nism, n.

Defn: The art of mangonizing, or setting off to advantage. [Obs.]

MANGONIST Man"go*nist, n.

1. One who mangonizes. (Zoöl.)

2. A slave dealer; also, a strumpet. [Obs.]

MANGONIZE Man"go*nize, v. t. Etym: [L. mangonizare, fr. mango a dealer in slaves or wares, to which he tries to give an appearance of greater value by decking them out or furbishing them up.]

Defn: To furbish up for sale; to set off to advantage. [Obs. or R.] B. Jonson.

MANGOSTEEN; MANGOSTAN Man"go*steen, Man"go*stan, n. Etym: [Malay mangusta, mangis.] (Bot.)

Defn: A tree of the East Indies of the genus Garcinia (G. Mangostana). The tree grows to the height of eighteen feet, and bears fruit also called mangosteen, of the size of a small apple, the pulp of which is very delicious food.

MANGROVE Man"grove, n. Etym: [Malay manggi-manggi.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The name of one or two trees of the genus Rhizophora (R. Mangle, and R. mucronata, the last doubtfully distinct) inhabiting muddy shores of tropical regions, where they spread by emitting aërial roots, which fasten in the saline mire and eventually become new stems. The seeds also send down a strong root while yet attached to the parent plant.

Note: The fruit has a ruddy brown shell, and a delicate white pulp which is sweet and eatable. The bark is astringent, and is used for tanning leather. The black and the white mangrove (Avicennia nitida and A. tomentosa) have much the same habit.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The mango fish.

MANGUE Mangue, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The kusimanse.

MANGY Man"gy, a. [Compar. Mangier; superl. Mangiest.] Etym: [F. mangé, p. p. of manger to eat. See Manger.]

Defn: Infected with the mange; scabby.

MANHADEN Man*ha"den, n.

Defn: See Menhaden.

MANHANDLE Man*han"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. -handled; p. pr. & vb. n. - handling.]

1. To move, or manage, by human force without mechanical aid; as, to manhandle a cannon.

2. To handle roughly; as, the captive was manhandled.

MANHEAD Man"head, n.

Defn: Manhood. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MANHES PROCESS Man`hès" proc"ess. (Copper Metal.)

Defn: A process by which copper matte is treated by passing through it a blast of air, to oxidize and remove sulphur. It is analogous in apparatus to the Bessemer process for decarbonizing cast iron. So called from Pierre Manhès, a French metallurgist, who invented it.

MANHOLE Man"hole`, n.

Defn: A hole through which a man may descend or creep into a drain, sewer, steam boiler, parts of machinery, etc., for cleaning or repairing.

MANHOOD Man"hood, n. Etym: [Man- + -hood.]

1. The state of being man as a human being, or man as distinguished from a child or a woman.

2. Manly quality; courage; bravery; resolution. I am ashamed That thou hast power to shake my manhood thus. Shak.

MANIA Ma"ni*a, n. Etym: [L. mania, Gr. manie, F. manie. Cf. Mind, n., Necromancy.]

1. Violent derangement of mind; madness; insanity. Cf. Delirium.

2. Excessive or unreasonable desire; insane passion affecting one or many people; as, the tulip mania. Mania a potu Etym: [L.], madness from drinking; delirium tremens.

Syn. -- Insanity; derangement; madness; lunacy; alienation; aberration; delirium; frenzy. See Insanity.

MANIABLE Man"i*a*ble, a. Etym: [F., fr. manier to manage, fr. L. manus hand.]

Defn: Manageable. [Obs.] Bacon.

MANIAC Ma"ni*ac, a. Etym: [F. maniaque. See Mania.]

Defn: Raving with madness; raging with disordered intellect; affected with mania; mad.

MANIAC Ma"ni*ac, n.

Defn: A raving lunatic; a madman.

MANIACAL Ma*ni"a*cal, a.

Defn: Affected with, or characterized by, madness; maniac. -- Ma*ni"a*cal*ly, adv.

MANIC Man"ic, a. [Gr. mad, frenzied.] (Med.)

Defn: Of or pert. to, or characterized by, mania, or excitement.

MANICATE Man"i*cate, a. Etym: [L. manicatus sleeved, fr. manica a sleeve.] (Bot.)

Defn: Covered with hairs or pubescence so platted together and interwoven as to form a mass easily removed.

MANICHAEAN; MANICHEAN; MANICHEE Man`i*chæ"an, Man`i*che"an, Man"i*chee, n. Etym: [LL. Manichaeus: cf. F. manichéen.]

Defn: A believer in the doctrines of Manes, a Persian of the third century A. D., who taught a dualism in which Light is regarded as the source of Good, and Darkness as the source of Evil. The Manichæans stand as representatives of dualism pushed to its utmost development. Tylor.

MANICHAEAN; MANICHEAN Man`i*chæ"an, Man`i*che"an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Manichæans.

MANICHAEISM; MANICHEISM Man"i*chæ*ism, Man"i*che*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. manichéisme.]

Defn: The doctrines taught, or system of principles maintained, by the Manichæans.

MANICHEIST Man"i*che*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. manichéiste.]

Defn: Manichæan.

MANICHORD; MANICHORDON Man"i*chord, Man`i*chor"don, Etym: [L. monochordon, Gr. Monochord.] (Mus.)

Defn: The clavichord or clarichord; -- called also dumb spinet.

MANICURE Man"i*cure, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. manus hand + curare to cure.]

Defn: A person who makes a business of taking care of people's hands, especially their nails. [Men] who had taken good care of their hands by wearing gloves and availing themselves of the services of a manicure. Pop. Sci. Monthly.

MANID Ma"nid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of the genus Manis, or family Manidæ.

MANIE Ma`nie", n. Etym: [F. See Mania.]

Defn: Mania; insanity. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MANIFEST Man"i*fest, a. Etym: [F. manifeste, L. manifestus, lit., struck by the hand, hence, palpable; manus hand + fendere (in comp.) to strike. See Manual, and Defend.]

1. Evident to the senses, esp. to the sight; apparent; distinctly perceived; hence, obvious to the understanding; apparent to the mind; easily apprehensible; plain; not obscure or hidden. Neither is there any creature that is not manifest in his sight. Heb. iv. 13. That which may be known of God is manifest in them. Rom. i. 19. Thus manifest to sight the god appeared. Dryden.

2. Detected; convicted; -- with of. [R.] Calistho there stood manifest of shame. Dryden.

Syn. -- Open; clear; apparent; evident; visible; conspicuous; plain; obvious. -- Manifest, Clear, Plain, Obvious, Evident. What is clear can be seen readily; what is obvious lies directly in our way, and necessarily arrests our attention; what isevident is seen so clearly as to remove doubt; what is manifest is very distinctly evident. So clear, so shining, and so evident, That it will glimmer through a blind man's eye. Shak. Entertained with solitude, Where obvious duty erMilton. I saw, I saw him manifest in view, His voice, his figure, and his gesture knew. Dryden.

MANIFEST Man"i*fest, n.; pl. Manifests. Etym: [Cf. F. manifeste. See Manifest, a., and cf. Manifesto.]

1. A public declaration; an open statement; a manifesto. See Manifesto. [Obs.]

2. A list or invoice of a ship's cargo, containing a description by marks, numbers, etc., of each package of goods, to be exhibited at the customhouse. Bouvier.

MANIFEST Man"i*fest, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manifested; p. pr. & vb. n. Manifesting.]

1. To show plainly; to make to appear distinctly, -- usually to the mind; to put beyond question or doubt; to display; to exhibit. There is nothing hid which shall not be manifested. Mark iv. 22. Thy life did manifest thou lovedst me not. Shak.

2. To exhibit the manifests or prepared invoices of; to declare at the customhouse.

Syn. -- To reveal; declare; evince; make known; disclose; discover; display.

MANIFESTABLE Man"i*fest`a*ble, a.

Defn: Such as can be manifested.

MANIFESTATION Man`i*fes*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. manifestatio: cf. F. manifestation.]

Defn: The act of manifesting or disclosing, or the state of being manifested; discovery to the eye or to the understanding; also, that which manifests; exhibition; display; revelation; as, the manifestation of God's power in creation. The secret manner in which acts of mercy ought to be performed, requires this public manifestation of them at the great day. Atterbury.

MANIFESTIBLE Man"i*fest`i*ble, a.

Defn: Manifestable.

MANIFESTLY Man"i*fest*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manifest manner.

MANIFESTNESS Man"i*fest*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being manifest; obviousness.

MANIFESTO Man`i*fes"to, n.; pl. Manifestoes. Etym: [It. manifesto. See Manifest, n. & a.]

Defn: A public declaration, usually of a prince, sovereign, or other person claiming large powers, showing his intentions, or proclaiming his opinions and motives in reference to some act done or contemplated by him; as, a manifesto declaring the purpose of a prince to begin war, and explaining his motives. Bouvier. it was proposed to draw up a manifesto, setting forth the grounds and motives of our taking arms. Addison . Frederick, in a public manifesto, appealed to the Empire against the insolent pretensions of the pope. Milman.

MANIFOLD Man"i*fold, a. Etym: [AS. manigfeald. See Many, and Fold.]

1. Various in kind or quality; many in number; numerous; multiplied; complicated. O Lord, how manifold are thy works! Ps. civ. 24. I know your manifold transgressions. Amos v. 12.

2. Exhibited at divers times or in various ways; -- used to qualify nouns in the singular number. "The manifold wisdom of God." Eph. iii. 10. "The manifold grace of God." 1 Pet. iv. 10. Manifold writing, a process or method by which several copies, as of a letter, are simultaneously made, sheets of coloring paper being infolded with thin sheets of plain paper upon which the marks made by a stylus or a type-writer are transferred.

MANIFOLD Man"i*fold, n.

1. A copy of a writing made by the manifold process.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: A cylindrical pipe fitting, having a number of lateral outlets, for connecting one pipe with several others.

3. pl.

Defn: The third stomach of a ruminant animal. [Local, U.S.]

MANIFOLD Man"i*fold, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manifolded; p. pr. & vb. n. Manifolding.]

Defn: To take copies of by the process of manifold writing; as, to manifold a letter.

MANIFOLDED Man"i*fold`ed, a.

Defn: Having many folds, layers, or plates; as, a manifolded shield. [Obs.]

MANIFOLDLY Man"i*fold`ly, adv.

Defn: In a manifold manner.

MANIFOLDNESS Man"i*fold`ness, n.

1. Multiplicity. Sherwood.

2. (Math.)

Defn: A generalized concept of magnitude.

MANIFORM Man"i*form, a. Etym: [L. manus hand + -form.]

Defn: Shaped like the hand.

MANIGLION Ma*ni"glion, n. Etym: [It. maniglio, maniglia, bracelet, handle. Cf. Manilio.] (Gun.)

Defn: Either one of two handles on the back of a piece of ordnance.

MANIHOC; MANIHOT Man"i*hoc, Man"i*hot, n.

Defn: See Manioc.

MANIKIN Man"i*kin, n. Etym: [OD. manneken, dim. of man man. See Man, and - kin.]

1. A little man; a dwarf; a pygmy; a manakin.

2. A model of the human body, made of papier-mache or other material, commonly in detachable pieces, for exhibiting the different parts and organs, their relative position, etc.

MANILA; MANILLA Ma*nil"a, Ma*nil"la, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Manila or Manilla, the capital of the Philippine Islands; made in, or exported from, that city. Manila cheroot or cigar, a cheroot or cigar made of tobacco grown in the Philippine Islands. -- Manila hemp, a fibrous material obtained from the Musa textilis, a plant allied to the banana, growing in the Philippine and other East India islands; -- called also by the native name abaca. From it matting, canvas, ropes, and cables are made. -- Manila paper, a durable brown or buff paper made of Manila hemp, used as a wrapping paper, and as a cheap printing and writing paper. The name is also given to inferior papers, made of other fiber.

MANILIO Ma*nil"io, n.

Defn: See Manilla, 1. Sir T. Herbert.

MANILLA Ma*nil"la, n. Etym: [Sp. manilla; cf. It. maniglio, maniglia; F. manille; Pg. manilha; all fr. L. manus hand, and formed after the analogy of L. monile, pl. monilia, necklace: cf. F. manille.]

1. A ring worn upon the arm or leg as an ornament, especially among the tribes of Africa.

2. A piece of copper of the shape of a horseshoe, used as money by certain tribes of the west coast of Africa. Simmonds.

MANILLA Ma*nil"la, a.

Defn: Same as Manila.

MANILLE Ma*nille", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: See 1st Manilla, 1.

MANIOC Ma"ni*oc, n. Etym: [Pg. mandioca, fr. Braz.] (Bot.)

Defn: The tropical plants (Manihot utilissima, and M. Aipi), from which cassava and tapioca are prepared; also, cassava.[Written also mandioc, manihoc, manihot.]

MANIPLE Man"i*ple, n. Etym: [L. manipulus, maniplus, a handful, a certain number of soldiers; manus hand + root of plere to fill, plenus full: cf. F.maniple. See Manual, and Full, a.]

1. A handful. [R.] B. Jonson.

2. A division of the Roman army numbering sixty men exclusive of officers, any small body of soldiers; a company. Milton.

3. Originally, a napkin; later, an ornamental band or scarf worn upon the left arm as a part of the vestments of a priest in the Roman Catholic Church. It is sometimes worn in the English Church service.

MANIPULAR Ma*nip"u*lar, a. Etym: [L. manipularis: cf. F. manipulaire.]

1. Of or pertaining to the maniple, or company.

2. Manipulatory; as, manipular operations.

MANIPULATE Ma*nip"u*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manipulated; p. pr. & vb. n. Manipulating.] Etym: [LL. manipulatus, p. p. of manipulare to lead by the hand, fr. L. manipulus. See Maniple.]

1. To treat, work, or operate with the hands, especially when knowledge and dexterity are required; to manage in hand work; to handle; as, to manipulate scientific apparatus.

2. To control the action of, by management; as, to manipulate a convention of delegates; to manipulate the stock market; also, to manage artfully or fraudulently; as, to manipulate accounts, or election returns.

MANIPULATE Ma*nip"u*late, v. i.

Defn: To use the hands in dexterous operations; to do hand work; specifically, to manage the apparatus or instruments used in scientific work, or in artistic or mechanical processes; also, specifically, to use the hand in mesmeric operations.

MANIPULATION Ma*nip`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. manipulation.]

1. The act or process of manipulating, or the state of being manipulated; the act of handling work by hand; use of the hands, in an artistic or skillful manner, in science or art. Manipulation is to the chemist like the external senses to the mind. Whewell.

2. The use of the hands in mesmeric operations.

3. Artful management; as, the manipulation of political bodies; sometimes, a management or treatment for purposes of deception or fraud.

MANIPULATIVE Ma*nip"u*la*tive, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to manipulation; performed by manipulation.

MANIPULATOR Ma*nip"u*la`tor, n.

Defn: One who manipulates

MANIPULATORY Ma*nip"u*la*to*ry, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to manipulation.

MANIS Ma"nis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. manes the ghosts or shades of the dead. So called from its dismal appearance, and because it seeks for its food by night.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of edentates, covered with large, hard, triangular scales, with sharp edges that overlap each other like tiles on a roof. They inhabit the warmest parts of Asia and Africa, and feed on ants. Called also Scaly anteater. See Pangolin.

MANITO; MANITOU; MANITU Man"i*to, Man"i*tou, Man"i*tu, n.

Defn: A name given by tribes of American Indians to a great spirit, whether good or evil, or to any object of worship. Tylor. Gitche Manito the mighty, The Great Spirit, the creator, Smiled upon his helpless children! Longfellow. Mitche Manito the mighty, He the dreadful Spirit of Evil, As a serpent was depicted. Longfellow.

MANITRUNK Man"i*trunk, n. Etym: [L. manus hand + E. trunk.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The anterior segment of the thorax in insects. See Insect.

MANKIND Man`kind", n. Etym: [AS. mancynn. See Kin kindred, Kind, n.]

1. The human race; man, taken collectively. The proper study of mankind is man. Pore.

2. Men, as distinguished from women; the male portion of human race. Lev. xviii. 22.

3. Human feelings; humanity. [Obs] B. Jonson.

MANKIND Man"kind`, a.

Defn: Manlike; not womanly; masculine; bold; cruel. [Obs] Are women grown so mankind Must they be wooing Beau. & Fl. Be not too mankind against your wife. Chapman.

MANKS Manks, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the language or people of the of Man. -- n.

Defn: The language spoken in the Isle of Man. See Manx.

MANLESS Man"less, a.

1. Destitute of men. Bakon.

2. Unmanly; inhuman. [Obs.] Chapman.

MANLESSLY Man"less*ly, adv.

Defn: Inhumanly. [Obs.]

MANLIKE Man"like`, a. Etym: [Man + like. Cf. Manly.]

Defn: Like man, or like a man, in form or nature; having the qualities of a man, esp. the nobler qualities; manly. " Gentle, manlike speech." Testament of Love. " A right manlike man." Sir P. Sidney. In glaring Chloe's manlike taste and mien. Shenstone.

MANLINESS Man"li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being manly.

MANLING Man"ling, n.

Defn: A little man. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

MANLY Man"ly, a. [Compar. Manlier; superl. Manliest.] Etym: [Man + -ly. Cf. Manlike.]

Defn: Having qualities becoming to a man; not childish or womanish; manlike, esp. brave, courageous, resolute, noble. Let's briefly put on manly readiness. Shak. Serene and manly, hardened to sustain The load of life. Dryden.

Syn. -- Bold; daring; brave; courageous; firm; undaunted; hardy; dignified; stately.

MANLY Man"ly, adv.

Defn: In a manly manner; with the courage and fortitude of a manly man; as, to act manly.

MANNA Man"na, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. man; cf. Ar. mann, properly, gift (of heaven).]

1. (Script.)

Defn: The food supplied to the Israelites in their journey through the wilderness of Arabia; hence, divinely supplied food. Ex. xvi. 15.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to lichens of the genus Lecanora, sometimes blown into heaps in the deserts of Arabia and Africa, and gathered and used as food.

3. (Bot. & Med.)

Defn: A sweetish exudation in the form of pale yellow friable flakes, coming from several trees and shrubs and used in medicine as a gentle laxative, as the secretion of Fraxinus Ornus, and F. rotundifolia, the manna ashes of Southern Europe.

Note: Persian manna is the secretion of the camel's thorn (see Camel's thorn, under Camel); Tamarisk manna, that of the Tamarisk mannifera, a shrub of Western Asia; Australian, manna, that of certain species of eucalyptus; Briançon manna, that of the European larch. Manna grass (Bot.), a name of several tall slender grasses of the genus Glyceria. they have long loose panicles, and grow in moist places. Nerved manna grass is Glyceria nervata, and Floating manna grass is G. flu. -- Manna insect (Zoöl), a scale insect (Gossyparia mannipara), which causes the exudation of manna from the Tamarisk tree in Arabia.

MANNA CROUP Man"na croup`. Etym: [Manna + Russ. & Pol. krupa groats, grits.]

1. The portions of hard wheat kernels not ground into flour by the millstones: a kind of semolina prepared in Russia and used for puddings, soups, etc. -- called also manna groats.

2. The husked grains of manna grass.

MANNER Man"ner, n. Etym: [OE. manere, F. manière, from OF. manier, adj., manual, skillful, handy, fr. (assumed) LL. manarius, for L. manuarius belonging to the hand, fr. manus the hand. See Manual.]

1. Mode of action; way of performing or effecting anything; method; style; form; fashion. The nations which thou hast removed, and placed in the cities of Samaria, know not the manner of the God of the land. 2 Kings xvii. 26. The temptations of prosperity insinuate themselves after a gentle, but very powerful,manner. Atterbury.

2. Characteristic mode of acting, conducting, carrying one's self, or the like; bearing; habitual style. Specifically: (a) Customary method of acting; habit. Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them. Acts xvii. 2. Air and manner are more expressive than words. Richardson. (b) pl.

Defn: Carriage; behavior; deportment; also, becoming behavior; well- bred carriage and address. Good manners are made up of petty sacrifices. Emerson.

(c) The style of writing or thought of an author; characteristic peculiarity of an artist.

3. Certain degree or measure; as, it is in a manner done already. The bread is in a manner common. 1 Sam. xxi.5.

4. Sort; kind; style; -- in this application sometimes having the sense of a plural, sorts or kinds. Ye tithe mint, and rue, and all manner of herbs. Luke xi. 42. I bid thee say, What manner of man art thou Coleridge.

Note: In old usage, of was often omitted after manner, when employed in this sense. "A manner Latin corrupt was her speech." Chaucer. By any manner of means, in any way possible; by any sort of means. -- To be taken in, or with the manner. Etym: [A corruption of to be taken in the mainor. See Mainor.] To be taken in the very act. [Obs.] See Mainor. -- To make one's manners, to make a bow or courtesy; to offer salutation. -- Manners bit, a portion left in a dish for the sake of good manners. Hallwell.

Syn. -- Method; mode; custom; habit; fashion; air; look; mien; aspect; appearance. See Method.

MANNERCHOR Män"ner*chor`, n.; G. pl. -chöre (#). [G.; männer, pl. of mann man + chor chorus.]

Defn: A German men's chorus or singing club.

MANNERED Man"nered, a.

1. Having a certain way, esp a. polite way, of carrying and conducting one's self. Give her princely training, that she may be Mannered as she is born. Shak.

2. Affected with mannerism; marked by excess of some characteristic peculiarity. His style is in some degree mannered and confined. Hazlitt.

MANNERISM Man"ner*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. maniérisme.]

Defn: Adherence to a peculiar style or manner; a characteristic mode of action, bearing, or treatment, carried to excess, especially in literature or art. Mannerism is pardonable,and is sometimes even agreeable, when the manner, though vicious, is natural . . . . But a mannerism which does not sit easy on the mannerist, which has been adopted on principle, and which can be sustained only by constant effort, is always offensive. Macaulay.

MANNERIST Man"ner*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. maniériste.]

Defn: One addicted to mannerism; a person who, in action, bearing, or treatment, carries characteristic peculiarities to excess. See citation under Mannerism.

MANNERLINESS Man"ner*li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being mannerly; civility; complaisance. Sir M. Hale.

MANNERLY Man"ner*ly, a.

Defn: Showing good manners; civil; respectful; complaisant. What thou thinkest meet, and is most mannerly. Shak.

MANNERLY Man"ner*ly, adv.

Defn: With good manners. Shak.

MANNHEIM GOLD Mann"heim gold". Etym: [From Mannheim in Germany, where much of it was made.]

Defn: A kind of brass made in imitation of gold. It contains eighty per cent of copper and twenty of zinc. Ure.

MANNIDE Man"nide, n. Etym: [Mannite + anhydride.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white amorphous or crystalline substance, obtained by dehydration of mannite, and distinct from, but convertible into, mannitan.

MANNISH Man"nish, a. Etym: [Man + -ish: cf. AS. mennisc, menisc.]

1. Resembling a human being in form or nature; human. Chaucer. But yet it was a figure Most like to mannish creature. Gower.

2. Resembling, suitable to, or characteristic of, a man, manlike, masculine. Chaucer. A woman impudent and mannish grown. Shak.

3. Fond of men; -- said of a woman. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Man"nish*ly,adv. -- Man"nish*ness, n.

MANNITAN Man"ni*tan, n. Etym: [Mannite + anhydrite.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white amorphous or crystalline substance obtained by the partial dehydration of mannite.

MANNITATE Man"ni*tate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of mannitic acid.

MANNITE Man"nite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. mannite.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline substance of a sweet taste obtained from a so-called manna, the dried sap of the flowering ash (Fraxinus ornus); -- called also mannitol, and hydroxy hexane. Cf. Dulcite. HO.CH2.(CHOH)4.CH2.OH = D-mannitol; manna sugar; cordycepic acid; Diosmol; Mannicol; Mannidex; Osmiktrol; Osmosal. -- used in pharmacy as excipient and diluent for solids and liquids. Used as a food additive for anti-caking properties, or as a sweetener. Also used to "cut" (dilute) illegal drugs such as cocaine or heroin. ("excipient" use)

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A sweet white efflorescence from dried fronds of kelp, especially from those of the Laminaria saccharina, or devil's apron.

MANNITIC Man*nit"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, resembling, or derived from, mannite. Mannitic acid (Chem.), a white amorphous substance, intermediate between saccharic acid and mannite, and obtained by the partial oxidation of the latter.

MANNITOL Man"ni*tol, n. Etym: [Mannite + -ol.] (Chem.)

Defn: The technical name of mannite. See Mannite.

MANNITOSE Man"ni*tose`, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A variety of sugar obtained by the partial oxidation of mannite, and closely resembling levulose.

MANO Ma"no, n. [Sp., lit., hand.]

Defn: The muller, or crushing and grinding stone, used in grinding corn on a metate. [Mexico & Local U. S.]

MANOEUVRE Ma*noeu"vre, n. & v.

Defn: See Maneuver.

MAN-OF-WAR Man`-*of`-*war", n; pl. Men-of-war.

Defn: A government vessel employed for the purposes of war, esp. one of large size; a ship of war. Man-of-war bird (Zoöl.), The frigate bird; also applied to the skua gulls, and to the wandering albatross. -- Man-of-war hawk (Zoöl.), the frigate bird. -- Man-of-war's man, a sailor serving in a ship of war. -- Portuguese man-of-war (Zoöl.), any species of the genus Physalia. See Physalia.

MANOGRAPH Man"o*graph, n. [Gr. thin, rare + -graph: cf. F. manographe.] (Engin.)

Defn: An optical device for making an indicator diagram for high- speed engines. It consists of a light-tight box or camera having at one end a small convex mirror which reflects a beam of light on to the ground glass or photographic plate at the other end. The mirror is pivoted so that it can be moved in one direction by a small plunger operated by an elastic metal diaphragm which closes a tube connected with the engine cylinder. It is also moved at right angles to this direction by a reducing motion, called a reproducer, so as to copy accurately on a smaller scale the motion of the engine piston. The resultant of these two movements imparts to the reflected beam of light a motion similar to that of the pencil of the ordinary indicator, and this can be traced on the sheet of ground glass, or photographed.

MANOMETER Ma*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter: cf. F. manomètre.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the tension or elastic force of gases, steam, etc., constructed usually on the principle of allowing the gas to exert its elastic force in raising a column of mercury in an open tube, or in compressing a portion of air or other gas in a closed tube with mercury or other liquid intervening, or in bending a metallic or other spring so as to set in motion an index; a pressure gauge. See Pressure, and Illust. of Air pump.

MANOMETRIC; MANOMETRICAL Man`o*met"ric, Man`o*met"ric*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. manométrique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the manometer; made by the manometer.

MANOR Man"or, n. Etym: [OE. maner, OF. maneir habitation, village, F. manoir manor, prop. the OF. inf. maneir to stay, remain, dwell, L. manere, and so called because it was the permanent residence of the lord and of his tenants. See Mansion, and cf. Remain.]

1. (Eng. Law)

Defn: The land belonging to a lord or nobleman, or so much land as a lord or great personage kept in his own hands, for the use and subsistence of his family. My manors, rents, revenues, l forego. Shak.

Note: In these days, a manor rather signifies the jurisdiction and royalty incorporeal, than the land or site, for a man may have a manor in gross, as the law terms it, that is, the right and interest of a court-baron, with the perquisites thereto belonging.

2. (American Law)

Defn: A tract of land occupied by tenants who pay a free-farm rent to the proprietor, sometimes in kind, and sometimes by performing certain stipulated services. Burrill. Manor house, or Manor seat, the house belonging to a manor.

MANORIAL Ma*no"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a manor. " Manorial claims." Paley.

MANOSCOPE Man"o*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.]

Defn: Same as Manometer.

MANOSCOPY Ma*nos"co*py, n.

Defn: The science of the determination of the density of vapors and gases.

MANOVERY Ma*no"ver*y, n. Etym: [See Maneuver.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: A contrivance or maneuvering to catch game illegally.

MANQUELLER Man"quell`er, n.

Defn: A killer of men; a manslayer. [Obs.] Carew.

MANRED; MANRENT Man"red, Man"rent`, n.

Defn: Homage or service rendered to a superior, as to a lord; vassalage. [Obs. or Scots Law] Jamieson.

MANROPE Man"rope`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: One of the side ropes to the gangway of a ship. Totten.

MANSARD ROOF Man"sard roof". Etym: [So called from its inventor, François Mansard, or Mansart, a distinguished French architect, who died in 1666.] (Arch.)

Defn: A hipped curb roof; that is, a roof having on all sides two slopes, the lower one being steeper than the upper one.

MANSE Manse, n. Etym: [LL. mansa, mansus, mansum, a farm, fr. L. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell. See Mansion, Manor.]

1. A dwelling house, generally with land attached.

2. The parsonage; a clergyman's house. [Scot.] Capital manse, the manor house, or lord's court.

MANSERVANT Man"serv`ant, n.

Defn: A male servant.

MANSION Man"sion, n. Etym: [OF. mansion, F. maison, fr. L. mansio a staying, remaining, a dwelling, habitation, fr. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell; akin to Gr. Manse, Manor, Menagerie, Menial, Permanent.]

1. A dwelling place, -- whether a part or whole of a house or other shelter. [Obs.] In my Father's house are many mansions. John xiv. 2. These poets near our princes sleep, And in one grave their mansions keep. Den

2. The house of the lord of a manor; a manor house; hence: Any house of considerable size or pretension.

3. (Astrol.)

Defn: A twelfth part of the heavens; a house. See 1st House, 8. Chaucer.

4. The place in the heavens occupied each day by the moon in its monthly revolution. [Obs.] The eight and twenty mansions That longen to the moon. Chaucer. Mansion house, the house in which one resides; specifically, in London and some other cities, the official residence of the Lord Mayor. Blackstone.

MANSION Man"sion, v. i.

Defn: To dwell; to reside. [Obs.] Mede.

MANSIONARY Man"sion*a*ry, a.

Defn: Resident; residentiary; as, mansionary canons.

MANSIONRY Man"sion*ry, n.

Defn: The state of dwelling or residing; occupancy as a dwelling place. [Obs.] Shak.

MANSLAUGHTER Man"slaugh`ter, n.

1. The slaying of a human being; destruction of men. Milton.

2. (Law)

Defn: The unlawful killing of a man, either in negligenc

MANSLAYER Man"slay`er, n.

Defn: One who kills a human being; one who commits manslaughter.

MANSTEALER Man"steal`er, n.

Defn: A person who steals or kidnaps a human being or beings.

MANSTEALING Man"steal`ing, n.

Defn: The act or business of stealing or kidnaping human beings, especially with a view to e

MANSUETE Man"suete, a. Etym: [L. mansuetus, p. p. of mansuescere to tame; manus hand + suescere to accustom: cf. F. mansuet.]

Defn: Tame; gentle; kind. [Obs.] Ray.

MANSUETUDE Man"sue*tude, n. Etym: [L. mansuetudo: cf. F.mansuétude.]

Defn: Tameness; gentleness; mildness. [Archaic]

MANSWEAR Man"swear`, v. i.

Defn: To swear falsely. Same as Mainswear.

MANTA Man"ta, n. Etym: [From the native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Coleoptera and Sea devil.

MANTCHOO Mant*choo", a. & n.

Defn: Same as Manchu.

MANTEAU Man`teau", n.; pl. F. Manteaux, E. Manteaus. Etym: [F. See Mantle, n.]

1. A woman's cloak or mantle.

2. A gown worn by women. [Obs.]

MANTEL Man"tel, n. Etym: [The same word as mantle a garment; cf. F. manteau de cheminée. See Mantle.] (Arch.)

Defn: The finish around a fireplace, covering the chimney-breast in front and sometimes on both sides; especially, a shelf above the fireplace, and its supports. [Written also mantle.]

MANTELET Man"tel*et, n. Etym: [F., dim. of manteau, OF. mantel. See Mantle.]

1. (a) A short cloak formerly worn by knights. (b) A short cloak or mantle worn by women. A mantelet upon his shoulders hanging. Chaucer.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: A musket-proof shield of rope, wood, or metal, which is sometimes used for the protection of sappers or riflemen while attacking a fortress, or of gunners at embrasures; -- now commonly written mantlet.

MANTELLETTA Man`tel*let"ta, n. [It. mantelletta. See Mantelet.] (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A silk or woolen vestment without sleeves worn by cardinals, bishops, abbots, and the prelates of the Roman court. It has a low collar, is fastened in front, and reaches almost to the knees.

MANTELPIECE Man"tel*piece`, n.

Defn: Same as Mantel.

MANTELSHELF Man"tel*shelf`, n.

Defn: The shelf of a mantel.

MANTELTREE Man"tel*tree`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: The lintel of a fireplace when of wood, as frequently in early houses.

MANTIC Man"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to divination, or to the condition of one inspired, or supposed to be inspired, by a deity; prophetic. [R.] "Mantic fury." Trench.

MANTILLA Man*til"la, n. Etym: [Sp. See Mantle.]

1. A lady's light cloak of cape of silk, velvet, lace, or the like.

2. A kind of veil, covering the head and falling down upon the shoulders; -- worn in Spain, Mexico, etc.

MANTIS Man"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of voracious orthopterous insects of the genus Mantis, and allied genera. They are remarkable for their slender grotesque forms, and for holding their stout anterior legs in a manner suggesting hands folded in prayer. The common American species is M. Carolina. Mantis shrimp. (Zoöl.) See Sguilla.

MANTISPID Man*tis"pid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any neuropterous insect of the genus Mantispa, and allied genera. The larvæ feed on plant lice. Also used adjectively. See Illust. under Neuroptera.

MANTISSA Man*tis*sa, n. Etym: [L., an addition, makeweight; of Tuscan origin.] (Math.)

Defn: The decimal part of a logarithm, as distinguished from the integral part, or characteristic.

MANTLE Man"tle, n. Etym: [OE. mantel, OF. mantel, F. manteau, fr. L. mantellum, mantelum, a cloth, napkin, cloak, mantle (cf. mantele, mantile, towel, napkin); prob. from manus hand + the root of tela cloth. See Manual, Textile, and cf. Mandil, Mantel, Mantilla.]

1. A loose garment to be worn over other garments; an enveloping robe; a cloak. Hence, figuratively, a covering or concealing envelope. [The] children are clothed with mantles of satin. Bacon. The green mantle of the standing pool. Shak. Now Nature hangs her mantle green On every blooming tree. Burns.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Mantling.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) The external fold, or folds, of the soft, exterior membrane of the body of a mollusk. It usually forms a cavity inclosing the gills. See Illusts. of Buccinum, and Byssus. (b) Any free, outer membrane. (c) The back of a bird together with the folded wings.

4. (Arch.)

Defn: A mantel. See Mantel.

5. The outer wall and casing of a blast furnace, above the hearth. Raymond.

6. (Hydraulic Engin.)

Defn: A penstock for a water wheel.

MANTLE Man"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mantled; p. pr. & vb. n. Mantling.]

Defn: To cover or envelop, as with a mantle; to cloak; to hide; to disguise. Shak.

MANTLE Man"tle, v. i.

1. To unfold and spread out the wings, like a mantle; -- said of hawks. Also used figuratively. Ne is there hawk which mantleth on her perch. Spenser. Or tend his sparhawk mantling in her mew. Bp. Hall. My frail fancy fed with full delight. Doth bathe in bliss, and mantleth most at ease. Spenser.

2. To spread out; -- said of wings. The swan, with arched neck Between her white wings mantling proudly, rows. Milton.

3. To spread over the surface as a covering; to overspread; as, the scum mantled on the pool. Though mantled in her cheek the blood. Sir W. Scott.

4. To gather, assume, or take on, a covering, as froth, scum, etc. There is a sort of men whose visages Do cream and mantle like a standing pond. Shak. Nor bowl of wassail mantle warm. Tennyson.

MANTLET Man"tlet, n.

Defn: See Mantelet.

MANTLING Man"tling, n. (Her.)

Defn: The representation of a mantle, or the drapery behind and around a coat of arms: -- called also lambrequin.

MANTO Man"to, n. Etym: [It. or Sp. manto, abbrev., from L. mantelum. See Mantle.]

Defn: See Manteau. [Obs.] Bailey.

MANTOLOGIST Man*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who is skilled in mantology; a diviner. [R.]

MANTOLOGY Man*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The act or art of divination. [R.]

MANTRA Man"tra, n. Etym: [Skr.]

Defn: A prayer; an invocation; a religious formula; a charm. [India]

Note: Among the Hindoos each caste and tribe has a mantra peculiar to itself; as, the mantra of the Brahmans. Balfour (Cyc. of India).

MANTRAP Man"trap`, n.

1. A trap for catching trespassers. [Eng.]

2. A dangerous place, as an open hatch, into which one may fall.

MANTUA Man"tu*a, n.

1. A superior kind of rich silk formerly exported from Mantua in Italy. [Obs.] Beck (Draper's Dict.).

2. A woman's cloak or mantle; also, a woman's gown. [Obs.]

MANTUAMAKER Man"tu*a*mak`er, n.

Defn: One who makes dresses, cloaks, etc., for women; a dressmaker.

MANTUAN Man"tu*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Mantua. -- n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Mantua.

MANU Ma"nu, n. Etym: [Skr.] (Hind. Myth.)

Defn: One of a series of progenitors of human beings, and authors of human wisdom.

MANUAL Man"u*al, a. Etym: [OE. manuel, F. manuel, L. manualis, fr. manus hand; prob. akin to AS. mund hand, protection, OHG. munt, G. mündel a ward, vormund guardian, Icel. mund hand. Cf. Emancipate, Legerdemain, Maintain, Manage, Manner, Manur, Mound a hill.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the hand; done or made by the hand; as, manual labor; the king's sign manual. "Manual and ocular examination." Tatham. Manual alphabet. See Dactylology. -- Manual exercise (Mil.) the exercise by which soldiers are taught the use of their muskets and other arms. -- Seal manual, the impression of a seal worn on the hand as a ring. -- Sign manual. See under Sign.

MANUAL Man"u*al, n. Etym: [Cf. F. manuel, LL. manuale. See Manual, a.]

1. A small book, such as may be carried in the hand, or conveniently handled; a handbook; specifically, the service book of the Roman Catholic Church. This manual of laws, styled the Confessor's Laws. Sir M. Hale.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: A keyboard of an organ or harmonium for the fingers, as distinguished from the pedals; a clavier, or set of keys. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

3. (Mil.)

Defn: A prescribed exercise in the systematic handing of a weapon; as, the manual of arms; the manual of the sword; the manual of the piece (cannon, mortar, etc.).

MANUALIST Man"u*al*ist, n.

Defn: One who works wi

MANUALLY Man"u*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By hand.

MANUARY Man"u*a*ry, a. Etym: [L. manuarius, fr. manus hand.]

Defn: Manual. -- n.

Defn: An artificer. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

MANUBIAL Ma*nu"bi*al, a. Etym: [L. manubialis, fr. manubiae money obtained from the sale of booty, booty.]

Defn: Belonging to spoils; taken in war. [Obs.] Bailey.

MANUBRIAL Ma*nu"bri*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a manubrium; shaped like a manubrium; handlelike.

MANUBRIUM Ma*nu"bri*um, n.; pl. L. Manubria, E. Manubriums. Etym: [L., handle, fr. manus hand.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A handlelike process or part; esp., the anterior segment of the sternum, or presternum, and the handlelike process of the malleus.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The proboscis of a jellyfish; -- called also hypostoma. See Illust. of Hydromedusa.

MANUCODE Man"u*code, n. Etym: [Javanese manukdewata the bird of the gods: cf. F. manucode.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any bird of the genus Manucodia, of Australia and New Guinea. They are related to the bird of paradise.

MANUDUCENT Man`u*du"cent, n.

Defn: One who leads by the hand; a manuductor. [Obs.]

MANUDUCTION Man`u*duc"tion, n. Etym: [L. manus hand + ductio a leading, ducere to lead: cf. F. manuduction.]

Defn: Guidance by the hand. [Obs.] Glanvill. South.

MANUDUCTOR Man`u*duc"tor, n. Etym: [L. manus the hand + ductor a leader, ducere to lead: cf. F. manuducteur.] (Mus.)

Defn: A conductor; an officer in the ancient church who gave the signal for the choir to sing, and who beat time with the hand, and regulated the music. Moore (Encyc. of Music.)

MANUFACTORY Man`u*fac"to*ry, n.; pl. -ries. Etym: [Cf. L. factorium an oil press, prop., place where something is made. See Manufacture.]

1. Manufacture. [Obs.]

2. A building or place where anything is manufactured; a factory.

MANUFACTORY Man`u*fac"to*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to manufacturing.

MANUFACTURAL Man`u*fac"tur*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to manufactures. [R.]

MANUFACTURE Man`u*fac"ture, n. Etym: [L. manus the hand + factura a making, fr. facere to make: cf. F. manufacture. See Manual, and Fact.]

1. The operation of making wares or any products by hand, by machinery, or by other agency.

2. Anything made from raw materials by the hand, by machinery, or by art, as cloths, iron utensils, shoes, machinery, saddlery, etc.

MANUFACTURE Man`u*fac"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manufactured; p. pr. & vb. n. Manufacturing.] Etym: [Cf. F. manufacturer.]

1. To make (wares or other products) by hand, by machinery, or by other agency; as, to manufacture cloth, nails, glass, etc.

2. To work, as raw or partly wrought materials, into suitable forms for use; as, to manufacture wool, cotton, silk, or iron.

MANUFACTURE Man`u*fac"ture, v. i.

Defn: To be employed in manufacturing something.

MANUFACTURER Man`u*fac"tur*er, n.

Defn: One who manufactures.

MANUFACTURING Man`u*fac"tur*ing, a.

1. Employed, or chiefly employed, in manufacture; as, a manufacturing community; a manufacturing town.

2. Pertaining to manufacture; as, manufacturing projects.

MANUL Ma"nul, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wild cat (Felis manul), having long, soft, light-colored fur. It is found in the mountains of Central Asia, and dwells among rocks.

MANUMISE Man"u*mise`, v. t. Etym: [See Manumit.]

Defn: To manumit. [Obs.] Dryden.

MANUMISSION Man`u*mis"sion, n. Etym: [L. manumissio: cf. F. manumission. See Manumit.]

Defn: The act of manumitting, or of liberating a slave from bondage. "Given to slaves at their manumission." Arbuthnot.

MANUMIT Man`u*mit", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manumitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Manumitting.] Etym: [L. manumittere, manumissum; manus the hand + mittere to send, to send off. See Manual, and Missile.]

Defn: To release from slavery; to liberate from personal bondage or servitude; to free, as a slave. "Manumitted slaves." Hume.

MANUMOTIVE Man"u*mo`tive, a. Etym: [L. manus the hand + E. motive.]

Defn: Movable by hand. [R.]

MANUMOTOR Man"u*mo`tor, n. Etym: [L. manus the hand + E. motor.]

Defn: A small wheel carriage, so constructed that a person sitting in it may move it.

MANURABLE Ma*nur"a*ble (, a.

1. Capable of cultivation. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

2. Capable of receiving a fertilizing substance.

MANURAGE Ma*nur"age, n.

Defn: Cultivation. [Obs.] Warner.

MANURANCE Ma*nur"ance, n.

Defn: Cultivation. [Obs.] Spenser.

MANURE Ma*nure", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Manured; p. pr. & vb. n. Manuring.] Etym: [Contr, from OF. manuvrer, manovrer, to work with the hand, to cultivate by manual labor, F. man. See Manual, Ure, Opera, and cf. Inure.]

1. To cultivate by manual labor; to till; hence, to develop by culture. [Obs.] To whom we gave the strand for to manure. Surrey. Manure thyself then; to thyself be improved; And with vain, outward things be no more moved. Donne.

2. To apply manure to; to enrich, as land, by the application of a fertilizing substance. The blood of English shall manure the ground. Shak.

MANURE Ma*nure", n.

Defn: Any matter which makes land productive; a fertilizing substance, as the contents of stables and barnyards, dung, decaying animal or vegetable substances, etc. Dryden.

MANUREMENT Ma*nure"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. manouvrement.]

Defn: Cultivation. [Obs.] W. Wotton.

MANURER Ma*nur"er, n.

Defn: One who manures land.

MANURIAL Ma*nu"ri*al, a.

Defn: Relating to manures.

MANURING Ma*nur"ing, n.

Defn: The act of process of applying manure; also, the manure applied.

MANUS Ma"nus, n.; pl. Manus. Etym: [L., the hand.] (Anat.)

Defn: The distal segment of the fore limb, including the carpus and fore foot or hand.

MANUSCRIPT Man"u*script, a. Etym: [L. manu scriptus. See Manual, and Scribe.]

Defn: Written with or by the hand; not printed; as, a manuscript volume.

MANUSCRIPT Man"u*script, n. Etym: [LL. manuscriptum, lit., something written with the hand. See Manuscript, a.]

1. A literary or musical composition written with the hand, as distinguished from a printed copy.

2. Writing, as opposed to print; as, the book exists only in manuscript. Craik.

Note: The word is often abbreviated to MS., plural MSS.

MANUSCRIPTAL Man"u*script`al, a.

Defn: Manuscript. [Obs.]

MANUTENENCY Man`u*ten"en*cy, n. Etym: [L. manus hand + tenere to hold.]

Defn: Maintenance. [Obs.] Abp. Sancroft.

MANWAY Man"way`, n.

Defn: A small passageway, as in a mine, that a man may pass through. Raymond.

MANX Manx, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Isle of Man, or its inhabitants; as, the Manx language. Manx cat (Zoöl.), a breed of domestic cats having a rudimentary tail, containing only about three vertebrae. -- Manx shearwater (Zoöl.), an oceanic bird (Puffinus anglorum, or P. puffinus), called also Manx petrel, Manx puffin. It was formerly abundant in the Isle of Man.

MANX Manx, n.

Defn: The language of the inhabitants of the Isle of Man, a dialect of the Celtic.

MANY Ma"ny, n. Etym: [See Meine, Mansion.]

Defn: A retinue of servants; a household. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MANY Ma"ny, a. or pron.

Note: [It has no variation to express degrees of comparison; more and most, which are used for the comparative and superlative degrees, are from a different root.] Etym: [OE. mani, moni, AS. manig, mænig, monig; akin to D. menig, OS. & OHG. manag, G. manch, Dan. mange, Sw. månge, Goth. manags, OSlav. mnog', Russ. mnogii; cf. Icel. margr, Prov. E. mort. sq. root103.]

Defn: Consisting of a great number; numerous; not few. Thou shalt be a father of many nations. Gen. xvii. 4. Not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called. 1 Cor. i. 26.

Note: Many is freely prefixed to participles, forming compounds which need no special explanation; as, many-angled, many-celled, many-eyed, many-footed, many-handed, many-leaved, many-lettered, many-named, many-peopled, many-petaled, many-seeded, many-syllabled (polysyllabic), many-tongued, many-voiced, many-wived, and the like. Comparison is often expressed by many with as or so. "As many as were willing hearted . . . brought bracelets." Exod. xxxv. 22. "So many laws argue so many sins." Milton. Many stands with a singular substantive with a or an. Many a, a large number taken distributively; each one of many. "For thy sake have I shed many a tear." Shak. "Full many a gem of purest ray serene." Gray. -- Many one, many a one; many persons. BK. of Com. Prayer. -- The many, the majority; -- opposed to the few. See Many, n. -- Too many, too numerous; hence, too powerful; as, they are too many for us. L'Estrange.

Syn. -- Numerous; multiplied; frequent; manifold; various; divers; sundry.

MANY Ma"ny, n. Etym: [AS. menigeo, menigo, menio, multitude; akin to G. menge, OHG. managi, menigi, Goth. managei. See Many, a.]

1. The populace; the common people; the majority of people, or of a community. After him the rascal many ran. Spenser.

2. A large or considerable number. A many of our bodies shall no doubt Find native graves. Shak. Seeing a great many in rich gowns. Addison. It will be concluded by manythat he lived like an honest man. Fielding.

Note: In this sense, many is connected immediately with another substantive (without of) to show of what the many consists; as, a good many [of] people think so. He is liable to a great many inconveniences. Tillotson.

MANY-MINDED Ma"ny-mind`ed, a.

Defn: Having many faculties; versatile; many-sided.

MANYPLIES Ma"ny*plies, n. Etym: [Many, adj. + plies, pl. of ply a fold.] (Anat.)

Defn: The third division, or that between the reticulum, or honeycomb stomach, and the abomasum, or rennet stomach, in the stomach of ruminants; the omasum; the psalterium. So called from the numerous folds in its mucous membrane. See Illust of Ruminant.

MANY-SIDED Ma"ny-sid`ed, a.

1. Having many sides; -- said of figures. Hence, presenting many questions or subjects for consideration; as, a many-sided topic.

2. Interested in, and having an aptitude for, many unlike pursuits or objects of attention; versatile. -- Ma"ny-sid`ed*ness, n.

MANYWAYS; MANYWISE Ma"ny*ways`, Ma"ny*wise`, adv.

Defn: In many different ways; variously.

MANZANILLA Man`za*nil"la, n. (Olive Trade)

Defn: A kind of small roundish olive with a small freestone pit, a fine skin, and a peculiar bitterish flavor. Manzanillas are commonly pitted and stuffed with Spanish pimientos.

MANZANITA Man`za*ni"ta, n. Etym: [Sp., dim. of munzana an apple.] (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to several species of Arctostaphylos, but mostly to A. glauca and A. pungens, shrubs of California, Oregon, etc., with reddish smooth bark, ovate or oval coriaceous evergreen leaves, and bearing clusters of red berries, which are said to be a favorite food of the grizzly bear.

MAORI Ma"o*ri, n.; pl. Maoris (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: One of the aboriginal inhabitants of New Zealand; also, the original language of New Zealand. -- a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Maoris or to their language.

MAP Map, n. Etym: [From F. mappe, in mappemonde map of the world, fr. L. mappa napkin, signal cloth; -- a Punic word. Cf. Apron, Napkin, Nappe.]

1. A representation of the surface of the earth, or of some portion of it, showing the relative position of the parts represented; -- usually on a flat surface. Also, such a representation of the celestial sphere, or of some part of it.

Note: There are five principal kinds of projection used in making maps: the orthographic, the stereographic, the globuar, the conical, and the cylindrical, or Mercator's projection. See Projection.

2. Anything which represents graphically a succession of events, states, or acts; as, an historical map. Thus is his cheek the map of days outworn. Shak. Map lichen (Bot.), a lichen (Lecidea geographica.) growing on stones in curious maplike figures. Dr. Prior.

MAP Map, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mapped; p. pr. & vb. n. Mapping.]

Defn: To represent by a map; -- often with out; as, to survey and map, or map out, a county. Hence, figuratively: To represent or indicate systematically and clearly; to sketch; to plan; as, to map, or map out, a journey; to map out business. I am near to the place where they should meet, if Pisanio have mapped it truly. Shak.

MAPACH Ma*pach", n. Etym: [Mexican.]

Defn: The raccoon.

MAPLE Ma"ple, n. Etym: [AS. mapolder, mapulder, mapol; akin to Icel. möpurr; cf. OHG. mazzaltra, mazzoltra, G. massholder.] (Bot.)

Defn: A tree of the genus Acer, including about fifty species. A. saccharinum is the rock maple, or sugar maple, from the sap of which sugar is made, in the United States, in great quantities, by evaporation; the red or swamp maple is A. rubrum; the silver maple, A. dasycarpum, having fruit wooly when young; the striped maple, A. Pennsylvanium, called also moosewood. The common maple of Europe is A. campestre, the sycamore maple is A. Pseudo-platanus, and the Norway maple is A. platanoides.

Note: Maple is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound; as, maple tree, maple leaf, etc. Bird's-eye maple, Curled maple, varieties of the wood of the rock maple, in which a beautiful lustrous grain is produced by the sinuous course of the fibers. -- Maple honey, Maple molasses, or Maple sirup, maple sap boiled to the consistency of molasses. -- Maple sugar, sugar obtained from the sap of the sugar maple by evaporation.

MAPLIKE Map"like`, a.

Defn: Having or consisting of lines resembling a map; as, the maplike figures in which certain lichens grow.

MAPPERY Map"per*y, n. Etym: [From Map.]

Defn: The making, or study, of maps. [Obs.] Shak.

MAQUI Ma"qui, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A Chilian shrub (Aristotelia Maqui). Its bark furnishes strings for musical instruments, and a medicinal wine is made from its berries.

MAR Mar, n.

Defn: A small lake. See Mere. [Prov. Eng.]

MAR Mar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marred (märd); p. pr. & vb. n. Marring.] Etym: [OE. marren, merren, AS. merran, myrran (in comp.), to obstruct, impede, dissipate; akin to OS. merrian, OHG. marrjan, merran; cf. D. marren, meeren, to moor a ship, Icel. merja to bruise, crush, and Goth. marzjan to offend. Cf. Moor, v.]

1. To make defective; to do injury to, esp. by cutting off or defacing a part; to impair; to disfigure; to deface. I pray you mar no more trees with wiring love songs in their barks. Shak. But mirth is marred, and the good cheer is lost. Dryden. Ire, envy, and despair Which marred all his borrowed visage. Milton.

2. To spoil; to ruin. "It makes us, or it mars us." "Striving to mend, to mar the subject." Shak.

MAR Mar, n.

Defn: A mark or blemish made by bruising, scratching, or the like; a disfigurement.

MARA Ma"ra, n. Etym: [Skr. mara.] (Hind. Myth.)

Defn: The principal or ruling evil spirit. E. Arnold.

MARA Ma"ra, n. Etym: [Icel. mara nightmare, an ogress. See Nightmare.] (Norse Myth.)

Defn: A female demon who torments people in sleep by crouching on their chests or stomachs, or by causing terrifying visions.

MARA Ma"ra, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Patagonian cavy (Dolichotis Patagonicus.)

MARABOU Mar`a*bou", n. Etym: [F.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large stork of the genus Leptoptilos (formerly Ciconia), esp. the African species (L. crumenifer), which furnishes plumes worn as ornaments. The Asiatic species (L. dubius, or L. argala) is the adjutant. See Adjutant. [Written also marabu.]

2. One having five eighths negro blood; the offspring of a mulatto and a griffe. [Louisiana] Bartlett.

MARABOUT Marabout", n. Etym: [F., from Pg. marabuto, Ar. morabit. Cf. Maravedi.]

Defn: A Mohammedan saint; especially, one who claims to work cures supernaturally.

MARACAN Mar"a*can, n. Etym: [Braz. maracaná.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A macaw.

MARAI Ma*rai", n.

Defn: A sacred inclosure or temple; -- so called by the islanders of the Pacific Ocean.

MARANATHA Mar`a*nath"a, n. Etym: [Aramaic maran atha.]

Defn: "Our Lord cometh;" -- an expression used by St. Paul at the conclusion of his first Epistle to the Corinthians (xvi. 22). This word has been used in anathematizing persons for great crimes; as much as to say, "May the Lord come quickly to take vengeance of thy crimes." See Anathema maranatha, under Anathema.

MARANTA Ma*ran"ta, n. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of endogenous plants found in tropical America, and some species also in India. They have tuberous roots containing a large amount of starch, and from one species (Maranta arundinacea) arrowroot is obtained. Many kinds are cultivated for ornament.

MARASCHINO Ma`ra*schi"no, n. Etym: [It., fr. marasca, amarasca, a sour cherry, L. amarus bitter.]

Defn: A liqueur distilled from fermented cherry juice, and flavored with the pit of a variety of cherry which grows in Dalmatia.

MARASMUS Ma*ras"mus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A wasting of flesh without fever or apparent disease; a kind of consumption; atrophy; phthisis. Pining atrophy, Marasmus, and wide-wasting pestilence. Milton. Marasmus senilis Etym: [L.], progressive atrophy of the aged.

MARATHI; MAHRATTA Ma*ra"thi, Mah*rat"ta, n.

Defn: A Sanskritic language of western India, prob. descended from the Maharastri Prakrit, spoken by the Marathas and neighboring peoples. It has an abundant literature dating from the 13th century. It has a book alphabet nearly the same as Devanagari and a cursive script translation between the Devanagari and the Gujarati.

MARAUD Ma*raud", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Marauded; p. pr. & vb. n. Marauding.] Etym: [F. marauder, fr. maraud vagabond, OF. marault; of uncertain origin, perh. for malault, fr. (assumed) LL. malaldus; fr. L. malus bad, ill + a suffix of German origin (cf. Herald). Cf. Malice.]

Defn: To rove in quest of plunder; to make an excursion for booty; to plunder. "Marauding hosts." Milman.

MARAUD Ma*raud", n.

Defn: An excursion for plundering.

MARAUDER Ma*raud`er, n. Etym: [From Maraud, v.: cf. F. maraudeur.]

Defn: A rover in quest of booty or plunder; a plunderer; one who pillages. De Quincey.

MARAVEDI Mar`a*ve"di, n. Etym: [Sp. maravedí; -- so called from the Morabitin (lit., the steadfast), an Arabian dynasty which reigned in Africa and Spain. Cf. Marabout.] (Numis.)

Defn: A small copper coin of Spain, equal to three mils American money, less than a farthing sterling. Also, an ancient Spanish gold coin.

MARBLE Mar"ble, n. Etym: [OE. marbel, marbre, F. marbre, L. marmor, fr. Gr. Marmoreal.]

1. A massive, compact limestone; a variety of calcite, capable of being polished and used for architectural and ornamental purposes. The color varies from white to black, being sometimes yellow, red, and green, and frequently beautifully veined or clouded. The name is also given to other rocks of like use and appearance, as serpentine or verd antique marble, and less properly to polished porphyry, granite, etc.

Note: Breccia marble consists of limestone fragments cemented together. -- Ruin marble, when polished, shows forms resembling ruins, due to disseminated iron oxide. -- Shell marble contains fossil shells. -- Statuary marble is a pure, white, fine-grained kind, including Parian (from Paros) and Carrara marble. If coarsely granular it is called saccharoidal.

2. A thing made of, or resembling, marble, as a work of art, or record, in marble; or, in the plural, a collection of such works; as, the Arundel or Arundelian marbles; the Elgin marbles.

3. A little ball of marble, or of some other hard substance, used as a plaything by children; or, in the plural, a child's game played with marbles.

Note: Marble is also much used in self-explaining compounds; when used figuratively in compounds it commonly means, hard, cold, destitute of compassion or feeling; as, marble-breasted, marble- faced, marble-hearted.

MARBLE Mar"ble, a.

1. Made of, or resembling, marble; as, a marble mantel; marble paper.

2. Cold; hard; unfeeling; as, a marble breast or heart.

MARBLE Mar"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Marbling.] Etym: [Cf. F. marbrer. See Marble, n.]

Defn: To stain or vein like marble; to variegate in color; as, to marble the edges of a book, or the surface of paper.

MARBLED Mar"bled, a.

1. Made of, or faced with, marble. [Obs.] "The marbled mansion." Shak.

2. Made to resemble marble; veined or spotted like marble. "Marbled paper." Boyle.

3. (zoöl.)

Defn: Varied with irregular markings, or witch a confused blending of irregular spots and streaks.

MARBLE-EDGED Mar"ble-edged`, a.

Defn: Having the edge veined or spotted with different colors like marble, as a book.

MARBLEIZE Mar"ble*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marbleized; p. pr. & vb. n. Marbleizing.]

Defn: To stain or grain in imitation of marble; to cover with a surface resembling marble; as, to marbleize slate, wood, or iron.

MARBLER Mar"bler (, n.

1. One who works upon marble or other stone. [R.] Fuller.

2. One who colors or stains in imitation of marble.

MARBLING Mar"bling, n.

1. The art or practice of variegating in color, in imitation of marble.

2. An intermixture of fat and lean in meat, giving it a marbled appearance.

3. pl. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Distinct markings resembling the variegations of marble, as on birds and insects.

MARBLY Mar"bly, a.

Defn: Containing, or resembling, marble.

MARBRINUS Mar*bri"nus, n. Etym: [LL., fr. OF. & F. marble marble. See Marble.]

Defn: A cloth woven so as to imitate the appearance of marble; -- much used in the 15th and 16th centuries. Beck (Draper's Dict.).

MARC Marc, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The refuse matter which remains after the pressure of fruit, particularly of grapes.

MARC Marc, n. Etym: [AS. marc; akin to G. mark, Icel. mörk, perh. akin to E. mark a sign. 106, 273.] [Written also mark.]

1. A weight of various commodities, esp. of gold and silver, used in different European countries. In France and Holland it was equal to eight ounces.

2. A coin formerly current in England and Scotland, equal to thirteen shillings and four pence.

3. A German coin and money of account. See Mark.

MARCANTANT Mar"can*tant, n. Etym: [It. mercatante. See Merchant.]

Defn: A merchant. [Obs.] Shak.

MARCASITE Mar"ca*site, n. Etym: [F. marcassite; cf. It. marcassita, Sp. marquesita, Pg. marquezita; all fr. Ar. marqashitha.] (Min.)

Defn: A sulphide of iron resembling pyrite or common iron pyrites in composition, but differing in form; white iron pyrites. Golden marcasite, tin. [Obs.]

MARCASITIC; MARCASITICAL Mar`ca*sit"ic, Mar`ca*sit"ic*al, a.

Defn: Containing, or having the nature of, marcasite.

MARCASSIN Mar*cas"sin, n. Etym: [F.] (Her.)

Defn: A young wild boar.

MARCATO Mar*ca"to, a. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: In a marked emphatic manner; -- used adverbially as a direction.

MARCELINE Mar"cel*ine, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. marcidus withered, fr. marcere to wither, shrivel.]

Defn: A thin silk fabric used for linings, etc., in ladies' dresses.

MARCESCENT Mar*ces"cent, a. Etym: [L. marcescens, p. pr. of marcescere to wither, decay, fr. marcere to wither, droop: cf. F. marcescent.] (Bot.)

Defn: Withering without

MARCESCIBLE Mar*ces"ci*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. marcescible.]

Defn: Li

MARCH March, n. Etym: [L. Martius mensis Mars'month fr. Martius belonging to Mars, the god of war: cf. F. mars. Cf. Martial.]

Defn: The third month of the year, containing thirty-one days. The stormy March is come at last, With wind, and cloud, and changing skies. Bryant. As mad as a March Hare, an old English Saying derived from the fact that March is the rutting time of hares, when they are excitable and violent. Wright.

MARCH March, n. Etym: [OE. marche, F. marche; of German origin; cf. OHG. marcha, G. mark, akin to OS. marka, AS. mearc, Goth. marka, L. margo edge, border, margin, and possibly to E. mark a sign. Margin, Margrave, Marque, Marquis.]

Defn: A territorial border or frontier; a region adjacent to a boundary line; a confine; -- used chiefly in the plural, and in English history applied especially to the border land on the frontiers between England and Scotland, and England and Wales. Geneva is situated in the marches of several dominions -- France, Savoy, and Switzerland. Fuller. Lords of waste marches, kings of desolate isles. Tennyson.

MARCH March, v. i. Etym: [Cf. OF. marchir. See 2d March.]

Defn: To border; to be contiguous; to lie side by side. [Obs.] That was in a strange land Which marcheth upon Chimerie. Gower. To march with, to have the same boundary for a greater or less distance; -- said of an estate.

MARCH March, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Marched; p. pr. & vb. n. Marching.] Etym: [F. marcher, in OF. also, to tread, prob. fr. L. marcus hammer. Cf. Mortar.]

1. To move with regular steps, as a soldier; to walk in a grave, deliberate, or stately manner; to advance steadily. Shak.

2. To proceed by walking in a body or in military order; as, the German army marched into France.

MARCH March, v. t.

Defn: TO cause to move with regular steps in the manner of a soldier; to cause to move in military array, or in a body, as troops; to cause to advance in a steady, regular, or stately manner; to cause to go by peremptory command, or by force. March them again in fair array. Prior.

MARCH March, n. Etym: [F. marche.]

1. The act of marching; a movement of soldiers from one stopping place to another; military progress; advance of troops. These troops came to the army harassed with a long and wearisome march. Bacon.

2. Hence: Measured and regular advance or movement, like that of soldiers moving in order; stately or deliberate walk; steady onward movement. With solemn march Goes slow and stately by them. Shak. This happens merely because men will not bide their time, but will insist on precipitating the march of affairs. Buckle.

3. The distance passed over in marching; as, an hour's march; a march of twenty miles.

4. A piece of music designed or fitted to accompany and guide the movement of troops; a piece of music in the march form. The drums presently striking up a march. Knolles. To make a march, (Card Playing), to take all the tricks of a hand, in the game of euchre.

MARCHER March"er, n.

Defn: One who marches.

MARCHER March"er, n. Etym: [See 2d March.]

Defn: The lord or officer who defended the marches or borders of a territory.

MARCHET; MERCHET Mar"chet, Mer"chet, n. Etym: [LL. marcheta; of uncertain origin.]

Defn: In old English and in Scots law, a fine paid to the lord of the soil by a tenant upon the marriage of one the tenant's daughters.

MARCHING March"ing, a. & n.

Defn: ,fr. March, v. Marching money (Mil.), the additional pay of officer or soldier when his regiment is marching. -- In marching order (Mil.), equipped for a march. -- Marching regiment. (Mil.) (a) A regiment in active service. (b) In England, a regiment liable to be ordered into other quarters, at home or abroad; a regiment of the line.

MARCHIONESS Mar"chio*ness, n. Etym: [LL. marchionissa, fr. marchio a marquis. See Marquis.]

Defn: The wife or the widow of a marquis; a woman who has the rank and dignity of a marquis. Spelman.

MARCH-MAD March"-mad`, a.

Defn: Extremely rash; foolhardy. See under March, the month. Sir W. Scott.

MARCHMAN March"man, n.

Defn: A person living in the marches between England and Scotland or Wales.

MARCHPANE March"pane`, n. Etym: [Cf. It. marzapane,Sp. pan,. massepain, prob. fr. L. maza frumenty (Gr. ma^za) + L. panis bread; but perh. the first part of the word is from the name of the inventor.]

Defn: A kind of sweet bread or biscuit; a cake of pounded almonds and sugar. [Obs.]marzipan Shak.

MARCH-WARD March"-ward`, n.

Defn: A warden of the marches; a marcher.

MARCIAN Mar"cian, a.

Defn: Under the influence of Mars; courageous; bold. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MARCID Mar"cid, a. Etym: [L. marcidus, fr. marcere to wither, pine.]

1. Pining; lean; withered. Dryden.

2. Characterized by emaciation, as a fever. Harvey.

MARCIDITY Mar"cid"ity, n. Etym: [LL. marciditas.]

Defn: The state or quality of being withered or lean. [R.]

MARCIONITE Mar"cion*ite, n. (Eccl. Hist)

Defn: A follower of Marcion, a Gnostic of the second century, who adopted the Oriental notion of the two conflicting principles, and imagined that between them there existed a third power, neither wholly good nor evil, the Creator of the world and of man, and the God of the Jewish dispensation. Brande & C.

MARCOBRUNNER Mar`co*brun"ner, n. Etym: [G. Marcobrunner.]

Defn: A celebrated Rhine wine.

MARCONI Mar*co"ni, a. [After Guglielmo Marconi (b. 1874), Italian inventor.]

Defn: Designating, or pert. to, Marconi's system of wireless telegraphy; as, Marconi aërial, coherer, station, system, etc.

MARCONIGRAM Mar*co"ni*gram, n. [Marconi + -gram.]

Defn: A Marconi wireless message.

MARCONIGRAPH Mar*co"ni*graph, n. [Marconi + -graph.]

Defn: The apparatus used in Marconi wireless telegraphy.

MARCONI'S LAW Mar*co"ni's law. (Wireless Teleg.)

Defn: The law that the maximum good signaling distance varies directly as the square of the height of the transmitting antenna.

MARCONISM Mar*co"nism, n.

Defn: The theory or practice of Marconi's wireless telegraph system.

MARCONI SYSTEM Mar*co"ni system. (Elec.)

Defn: A system or wireless telegraphy developed by G. Marconi, an Italian physicist, in which Hertzian waves are used in transmission and a coherer is used as the receiving instrument.

MARCOR Mar"cor, n. Etym: [L., fr. marcere to wither.]

Defn: A wasting away of flesh; decay. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

MARCOSIAN Mar*co"sian, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a Gnostic sect of the second century, so called from Marcus, an Egyptian, who was reputed to be a margician.

MARDI GRAS Mar"di` gras", n. Etym: [F., literally, fat Tuesday.]

Defn: The last day of Carnival; Shrove Tuesday; -- in some cities a great day of carnival and merrymaking.

MARE Mare, n. Etym: [OE. mere, AS. mere, myre, fem of AS. mearh horse, akin to D. merrie mare, G. mähre, OHG. marah horse, meriha mare, Icel. marr horse, OCelt. marka (Pausan. 19, 19,4), Ir. marc, W. march. Cf. Marshal.]

Defn: The female of the horse and other equine quadrupeds.

MARE Mare, n. Etym: [AS. mara incubus; akin to OHG. & Icel. mara; cf. Pol. mora, Bohem. m.] (Med.)

Defn: Sighing, suffocative panting, intercepted utterance, with a sense of pressure across the chest, occurring during sleep; the incubus; -- obsolete, except in the compound nightmare. I will ride thee o' nights like the mare. Shak.

MARECHAL NIEL Mare"chal Niel". Etym: [F.]

Defn: A kind of large yellow rose. [Written also Marshal Niel.]

MARE CLAUSUM Ma"re clau"sum. [L.] (Internat. Law)

Defn: Lit., closed sea; hence, a body of water within the separate jurisdiction of the nation; -- opposed to open sea, the water open to all nations and over which no single nation has special control.

MAREIS Mar"eis, n.

Defn: A Marsh. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MARENA Ma*re"na, n. Etym: [NL. Salmo maraena, G. maräne, moräne; -- so called from Lake Morin, in the March of Brandenburg, in Prussia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European whitefish of the genus Coregonus.

MARESCHAL Mare"schal, n. Etym: [OF. mareschal, F. maréchal. See Marshal.]

Defn: A military officer of high rank; a marshal. [Obs.]

MARE'S-NEST Mare's"-nest`, n.

Defn: A supposed discovery which turns out to be a hoax; something grossly absurd.

MARE'S-TAIL Mare's"-tail`, n.

1. A long streaky cloud, spreading out like a horse's tail, and believed to indicate rain; a cirrus cloud. See Cloud. Mackerel sky and mare's-tails Make tall ships carry low sails. Old Rhyme.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: An aquatic plant of the genus Hippuris (H.vulgaris), having narrow leaves in whorls.

MARGARATE Mar"ga*rate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. margarate.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A compound of the so-called margaric acid with a base.

MARGARIC Mar*gar"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. margarique. See Margarite.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly. Margaric acid. (a) (Physiol. Chem.) A fatty body, crystallizing in pearly scales, and obtained by digesting saponified fats (soaps) with an acid. It was formerly supposed to be an individual fatty acid, but is now known to be simply an intimate mixture of stearic and palmitic acids. (b) (Chem.) A white, crystalline substance, C17H34O2 of the fatty acid series, intermediate between palmitic and stearic acids, and obtained from the wax of certain lichens, from cetyl cyanide, and other sources.

MARGARIN Mar"ga*rin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. margarine. See Margarite.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A fatty substance, extracted from animal fats and certain vegetable oils, formerly supposed to be a definite compound of glycerin and margaric acid, but now known to be simply a mixture or combination of tristearin and teipalmitin.

MARGARINE Mar"ga*rine, n. [F.]

1. Artificial butter; oleomargarine.

The word margarine shall mean all substances, whether compounds or otherwise, prepared in imitation of butter, and whether mixed with butter or not. Margarine Act, 1887 (50 & 51 Vict. c. 29).

2. Margarin.

MARGARITACEOUS Mar`ga*ri*ta"ceous, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, pearl; pearly.

MARGARITE Mar"ga*rite, n. Etym: [L. margarita, Gr. marguerite.]

1. A pearl. [Obs.] Peacham.

2. (Min.)

Defn: A mineral related to the micas, but low in silica and yielding brittle folia with pearly luster.

MARGARITIC Mar`ga*rit"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. margaritique.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Margaric.

MARGARITIFEROUS Mar`ga*ri*tif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. margaritifer; margarita pearl + ferre to bear: cf. F. margaritifère.]

Defn: Producing pearls.

MARGARODITE Mar*gar"o*dite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A hidrous potash mica related to muscovite.

MARGARONE Mar"ga*rone, n. Etym: [Margaric + -one.] (Chem.)

Defn: The ketone of margaric acid.

MARGAROUS Mar"ga*rous, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Margaric; -- formerly designating a supposed acid. [Obs.]

MARGARYIZE; MARGARY'S FLUID Mar"ga*ry*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. -ized; p. pr. & vb. n. -izing.] [(J. J. Lloyd) Margary, inventor of the process + -ize.]

Defn: To impregnate (wood) with a preservative solution of copper sulphate (often called Mar"ga*ry's flu"id [-riz]).

MARGATE FISH Mar"gate fish". (Zoöl.)

Defn: A sparoid fish (Diabasis aurolineatus) of the Gulf of Mexico, esteemed as a food fish; -- called also red-mouth grunt.

MARGAY Mar"gay, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An American wild cat (Felis tigrina), ranging from Mexico to Brazil. It is spotted with black. Called also long-tailed cat.

MARGE Marge, n. Etym: [F. marge. See Margin.]

Defn: Border; margin; edge; verge. [Poetic] Tennyson. Along the river's stony marge. Wordsworth.

MARGENT Mar"gent, n. Etym: [OE. See Margin.]

Defn: A margin; border; brink; edge. [Obs.] The beached margent of the sea. Shak.

MARGENT Mar"gent, v. t.

Defn: To enter or note down upon the margin of a page; to margin. [Obs.] Mir. for Mag.

MARGIN Mar"gin, n. Etym: [OE. margine, margent, L. margo, ginis. Cf. March a border, Marge.]

1. A border; edge; brink; verge; as, the margin of a river or lake.

2. Specifically: The part of a page at the edge left uncovered in writing or printing.

3. (Com.)

Defn: The difference between the cost and the selling price of an article.

4. Something allowed, or reserved, for that which can not be foreseen or known with certainty.

5. (Brokerage)

Defn: Collateral security deposited with a broker to secure him from loss on contracts entered into by him on behalf of his principial, as in the speculative buying and selling of stocks, wheat, etc. N. Biddle. Margin draft (Masonry), a smooth cut margin on the face of hammer-dressed ashlar, adjacent to the joints. -- Margin of a course (Arch.), that part of a course, as of slates or shingles, which is not covered by the course immediately above it. See 2d Gauge.

Syn. -- Border; brink; verge; brim; rim.

MARGIN Mar"gin, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Margined; p. pr. & vb. n. Marginging.]

1. To furnish with a margin.

2. To enter in the margin of a page.

MARGINAL Mar"gin*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. marginal.]

1. Of or pertaining to a margin.

2. Written or printed in the margin; as, a marginal note or gloss.

MARGINALIA Mar`gi*na"li*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Marginal notes.

MARGINALLY Mar"gin*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the margin of a book.

MARGINATE Mar"gin*ate, a. Etym: [L. marginatus, p. p. of marginare to margin. See Margin, n.]

Defn: Having a margin distinct in appearance or structure.

MARGINATE Mar"gin*ate, v. t.

Defn: To furnish with a distinct margin; to margin. [R.] Cockeram.

MARGINATED Mar"gin*a`ted, a.

Defn: Same as Marginate, a.

MARGINED Mar"gined, a.

1. Having a margin. Hawthorne.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Bordered with a distinct line of color.

MARGINELLA Mar`gi*nel"la, n. Etym: [NL., dim. of L. margo, marginis, a margin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of small, polished, marine univalve shells, native of all warm seas.

MARGINICIDAL Mar"gin*i*ci`dal, a. Etym: [L. margo, -ginis, margin + caedere to cut.] (Bot.)

Defn: Dehiscent by the separation of united carpels; -- said of fruits.

MARGOSA Mar*go"sa, n. Etym: [Pg. amargoso bitter.] (Bot.)

Defn: A large tree of genus Melia (M. Azadirachta) found in India. Its bark is bitter, and used as a tonic. A valuable oil is expressed from its seeds, and a tenacious gum exudes from its trunk. The M. Azedarach is a much more showy tree, and is cultivated in the Southern United States, where it is known as Pride of India, Pride of China, or bead tree. Various parts of the tree are considered anthelmintic. The margosa oil . . . is a most valuable balsam for wounds, having a peculiar smell which prevents the attacks of flies. Sir S. Baker.

MARGRAVATE; MARGRAVIATE Mar"gra*vate, Mar*gra"vi*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. margraviat.]

Defn: The territory or jurisdiction of a margrave.

MARGRAVE Mar"grave, n. Etym: [G. markgraf, prop., lord chief justice of the march; mark bound, border, march + graf earl, count, lord chief justice; cf. Goth. gagrëfts decree: cf. D. markgraaf, F. margrave. See March border, and cf. Landgrave, Graff.]

1. Originally, a lord or keeper of the borders or marches in Germany.

2. The English equivalent of the German title of nobility, markgraf; a marquis.

MARGRAVINE Mar"gra*vine, n. Etym: [G. markgräfin: cf. F. margrafine.]

Defn: The wife of a margrave.

MARGUERITE Mar"gue*rite, n. Etym: [F., a pearl, a daisy. See Margarite.] (Bot.)

Defn: The daisy (Bellis perennis). The name is often applied also to the ox-eye daisy and to the China aster. Longfellow.

MARIAN Ma"ri*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the Virgin Mary, or sometimes to Mary, Queen of England, daughter of Henry VIII. Of all the Marian martyrs, Mr. Philpot was the best-born gentleman. Fuller. Maid Marian. See Maidmarian in the Vocabulary.

MARIE Mar"ie, interj.

Defn: Marry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MARIET Mar"i*et, n. Etym: [F. mariette, prop. dim. of Marie Mary.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of bellflower, Companula Trachelium, once called Viola Mariana; but it is not a violet.

MARIGENOUS Ma*rig"e*nous, a. Etym: [L. mare the sea + -genous.]

Defn: Produced in or by the sea.

MARIGOLD Mar"i*gold, n. Etym: [Mary + gold.] (Bot.)

Defn: A name for several plants with golden yellow blossoms, especially the Calendula officinalis (see Calendula), and the cultivated species of Tagetes.

Note: There are several yellow-flowered plants of different genera bearing this name; as, the African or French marigold of the genus Tagetes, of which several species and many varieties are found in gardens. They are mostly strong-smelling herbs from South America and Mexico: bur marigold, of the genus Bidens; corn marigold, of the genus Chrysanthemum (C. segetum, a pest in the cornfields of Italy); fig marigold, of the genus Mesembryanthemum; marsh marigold, of the genus Caltha (C. palustris), commonly known in America as the cowslip. See Marsh Marigold. Marigold window. (Arch.) See Rose window, under Rose.

MARIKINA Mar`i*ki"na, n. Etym: [From the native name: cf. Pg. mariquinha.] (Zoöl)

Defn: A small marmoset (Midas rosalia); the silky tamarin.

MARIMBA Ma*rim"ba, n. Etym: [Pg.]

Defn: A musical istrument of percussion, consisting of bars yielding musical tones when struck. Knight.

MARIMONDA Mar`i*mon"da, n. Etym: [Sp.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A spider monkey (Ateles belzebuth) of Central and South America.

MARINADE Mar`i*nade", n. Etym: [F.: cf. It. marinato marinade, F. mariner to preserve food for use at sea. See Marinate.] (Cookery)

Defn: A brine or pickle containing wine and spices, for enriching the flavor of meat and fish.

MARINATE Mar"i*nate, v. t. Etym: [See Marine, and cf. Marinade.]

Defn: To salt or pickle, as fish, and then preserve in oil or vinegar; to prepare by the use of marinade.

MARINE Ma*rine", a. Etym: [L. marinus, fr. mare the sea: cf. F. marin. See Mere a pool.]

1. Of or pertaining to the sea; having to do with the ocean, or with navigation or naval affairs; nautical; as, marine productions or bodies; marine shells; a marine engine.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Formed by the action of the currents or waves of the sea; as, marine deposits. Marine acid (Chem.), hydrochloric acid. [Obs.] -- Marine barometer. See under Barometer. -- Marine corps, a corps formed of the officers, noncommissioned officers, privates, and musicants of marines. -- Marine engine (Mech.), a steam engine for propelling a vessel. -- Marine glue. See under Glue. -- Marine insurance, insurance against the perils of the sea, including also risks of fire, piracy, and barratry. -- Marine interest, interest at any rate agreed on for money lent upon respondentia and bottomry bonds. -- Marine law. See under Law. -- Marine league, three geographical miles. -- Marine metal, an alloy of lead, antimony, and mercury, made for sheathing ships. Mc Elrath. -- Marine soap, cocoanut oil soap; -- so called because, being quite soluble in salt water, it is much used on shipboard. -- Marine store, a store where old canvas, ropes, etc., are bought and sold; a junk shop. [Eng.]

MARINE Ma*rine", n. Etym: [F. marin a sea solider, marine naval economy, a marine picture, fr. L. marinus. See Marine, a.]

1. A solider serving on shipboard; a sea soldier; one of a body of troops trained to do duty in the navy.

2. The sum of naval affairs; naval economy; the department of navigation and sea forces; the collective shipping of a country; as, the mercantile marine.

3. A picture representing some marine subject. Tell that to the marines, an expression of disbelief, the marines being regarded by sailors as credulous. [Colloq.]

MARINED Ma*rined", a. Etym: [Cf. F. mariné.] (Her.)

Defn: Having the lower part of the body like a fish. Crabb.

MARINER Mar"i*ner, n. Etym: [F. marinier, LL. marinarius. See Marine.]

Defn: One whose occupation is to assist in navigating ships; a seaman or sailor. Chaucer. Mariner's compass. See under Compass.

MARINERSHIP Mar"i*ner*ship, n.

Defn: Seamanship. [Obs.] Udalt.

MARINISM Ma*ri"nism, n.

Defn: A bombastic literary style marked by the use of metaphors and antitheses characteristic of the Italian poet Giambattista Marini (1569-1625). -- Ma*ri"nist (#), n.

MARINORAMA Mar`i*no*ra"ma, n. Etym: [NL., from L. marinus marine + Gr.

Defn: A representation of a sea view.

MARIOLATER Ma`ri*ol"a*ter, n. Etym: [See Mariolatry.]

Defn: One who worships the Virgin Mary.

MARIOLATRY Ma`ri*ol"a*try, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The worship of the Virgin Mary.

MARIONETTE Mar`i*o*nette", n. Etym: [F. marionette, prop. a dim. of Marie Mary.]

1. A puppet moved by strings, as in a puppet show.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The buffel duck.

MARIOTTE'S LAW Ma`ri*otte's law`. (Physics.)

Defn: See Boyle's law, under Law.

MARIPOSA LILY Ma`ri*po"sa lil`y. Etym: [Sp. mariposa a butterfly + E. lily. So called from the gay apperance of the blossoms.] (Bot.)

Defn: One of a genus (Calochortus) of tuliplike bulbous herbs with large, and often gaycolored, blossoms. Called also butterfly lily. Most of them are natives of California.

MARIPUT Mar"i*put, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of civet; the zoril.

MARISH Mar"ish, n. Etym: [Cf. F. marais, LL. marascus. See Marsh.]

Defn: Low, wet ground; a marsh; a fen; a bog; a moor. [Archaic] Milton. Tennyson.

MARISH Mar"ish, a.

1. Moory; fenny; boggy. [Archaic]

2. Growing in marshes. "Marish flowers." Tennyson.

MARITAL Mar"i*tal, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. maritalis, fr. maritus belonging to marriage, n., a husband. See Marry, v.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a husband; as, marital rights, duties, authority. "Marital affection." Ayliffe.

MARITATED Mar"i*ta`ted, a. Etym: [L. maritatus married.]

Defn: Having a husband; married. [Obs.]

MARITIMAL; MARITIMALE Ma*rit"i*mal, Ma*rit"i*male, a.

Defn: See Maritime. [Obs.]

MARITIME Mar"i*time, a. Etym: [L. maritimus, fr. mare the sea: cf. F. maritime. See Mere a pool.]

1. Bordering on, or situated near, the ocean; connected with the sea by site, interest, or power; having shipping and commerce or a navy; as, maritime states. "A maritime town." Addison.

2. Of or pertaining to the ocean; marine; pertaining to navigation and naval affairs, or to shipping and commerce by sea. "Maritime service." Sir H. Wotton. Maritime law. See Law. -- Maritime loan, a loan secured by bottomry or respodentia bonds. -- Martime nations, nations having seaports, and using the sea more or less for war or commerce.

MARJORAM Mar"jo*ram, n. Etym: [OE. majoran, F. marjolaine, LL. marjoraca, fr. L. amaracus, amaracum, Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of mintlike plants (Origanum) comprising about twenty- five species. The sweet marjoram (O. Majorana) is pecularly aromatic and fragrant, and much used in cookery. The wild marjoram of Europe and America is O. vulgare, far less fragrant than the other.

MARK Mark, n.

Defn: A license of reprisals. See Marque.

MARK Mark, n. Etym: [See 2d Marc.]

1. An old weight and coin. See Marc. "Lend me a mark." Chaucer.

2. The unit of monetary account of the German Empire, equal to 23.8 cents of United States money; the equivalent of one hundred pfennigs. Also, a silver coin of this value.

MARK Mark, n. Etym: [OE. marke, merke, AS. mearc; akin to D. merk, MHG. marc, G. marke, Icel. mark, Dan. mærke; cf. Lith. margas party- colored. sq. root106, 273. Cf. Remark.]

1. A visible sign or impression made or left upon anything; esp., a line, point, stamp, figure, or the like, drawn or impressed, so as to attract the attention and convey some information or intimation; a token; a trace. The Lord set a mark upon Cain, lest any finding him should kill him. Gen. iv. 15.

2. Specifically: (a) A character or device put on an article of merchandise by the maker to show by whom it was made; a trade-mark. (b) A character (usually a cross) made as a substitute for a signature by one who can not write. The mark of the artisan is found upon the most ancient fabrics that have come to light. Knight.

3. A fixed object serving for guidance, as of a ship, a traveler, a surveyor, etc.; as, a seamark, a landmark.

4. A trace, dot, line, imprint, or discoloration, although not regarded as a token or sign; a scratch, scar, stain, etc.; as, this pencil makes a fine mark. I have some marks of yours upon my pate. Shak.

5. An evidence of presence, agency, or influence; a significative token; a symptom; a trace; specifically, a permanent impression of one's activity or character. The confusion of tongues was a mark of separation. Bacon.

6. That toward which a missile is directed; a thing aimed at; what one seeks to hit or reach. France was a fairer mark to shoot at than Ireland. Davies. Whate'er the motive, pleasure is the mark. Young.

7. Attention, regard, or respect. As much in mock as mark. Shak.

8. Limit or standard of action or fact; as, to be within the mark; to come up to the mark.

9. Badge or sign of honor, rank, or official station. In the official marks invested, you Anon do meet the Senate. Shak.

10. Preëminence; high position; as, particians of mark; a fellow of no mark.

11. (Logic)

Defn: A characteristic or essential attribute; a differential.

12. A number or other character used in registring; as, examination marks; a mark for tardiness.

13. Image; likeness; hence, those formed in one's image; children; descendants. [Obs.] "All the mark of Adam." Chaucer.

14. (Naut.)

Defn: One of the bits of leather or colored bunting which are placed upon a sounding line at intervals of from two to five fathoms. The unmarked fathoms are called "deeps." A man of mark, a conspicuous or eminent man. -- To make one's mark. (a) To sign, as a letter or other writing, by making a cross or other mark. (b) To make a distinct or lasting impression on the public mind, or on affairs; to gain distinction.

Syn. -- Impress; impression; stamp; print; trace; vestige; track; characteristic; evidence; proof; token; badge; indication; symptom.

MARK Mark, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marked; p. pr. & vb. n. Marking.] Etym: [OE. marken, merken, AS. mearcian, from mearc. See Mark the sign.]

1. To put a mark upon; to affix a significant mark to; to make recognizable by a mark; as, to mark a box or bale of merchandise; to mark clothing.

2. To be a mark upon; to designate; to indicate; -- used literally and figuratively; as, this monument marks the spot where Wolfe died; his courage and energy marked him for a leader.

3. To leave a trace, scratch, scar, or other mark, upon, or any evidence of action; as, a pencil marks paper; his hobnails marked the floor.

4. To keep account of; to enumerate and register; as, to mark the points in a game of billiards or cards.

5. To notice or observe; to give attention to; to take note of; to remark; to heed; to regard. "Mark the perfect man." Ps. xxxvii. 37. To mark out. (a) To designate, as by a mark; to select; as, the ringleaders were marked out for punishment. (b) To obliterate or cancel with a mark; as, to mark out an item in an account. -- To mark time (Mil.), to keep the time of a marching step by moving the legs alternately without advancing.

Syn. -- To note; remark; notice; observe; regard; heed; show; evince; indicate; point out; betoken; denote; characterize; stamp; imprint; impress; brand.

MARK Mark, v. i.

Defn: To take particular notice; to observe critically; to note; to remark. Mark, I pray you, and see how this man seeketh maschief. 1 Kings xx. 7.

MARKABLE Mark"a*ble, a.

Defn: Remarkable. [Obs.] Sandys.

MARKED Marked, a.

Defn: Designated or distinguished by, or as by, a mark; hence; noticeable; conspicuous; as, a marked card; a marked coin; a marked instance. -- Mark"ed*ly, adv. J. S. Mill. A marked man, a man who is noted by a community, or by a part of it, as, for excellence or depravity; -- usually with an unfavorable suggestion.

MARKEE Mar*kee", n.

Defn: See Marquee.

MARKER Mark"er, n.

Defn: One who or that which marks. Specifically: (a) One who keeps account of a game played, as of billiards. (b) A counter used in card playing and other games. (c) (Mil.) The soldier who forms the pilot of a wheeling column, or marks the direction of an alignment. (d) An attachment to a sewing machine for marking a line on the fabric by creasing it.

MARKET Mar"ket, n. Etym: [Akin to D. markt, OHG. markat, merkat, G. markt; all fr.L. mercatus trade, market place, fr. mercari, p. p. mercatus, to trade, traffic, merx, mercis, ware, merchandise, prob. akin to merere to deserve, gain, acquire: cf. F. marché. See Merit, and cf. Merchant, Mart.]

1. A meeting together of people, at a stated time and place, for the purpose of traffic (as in cattle, provisions, wares, etc.) by private purchase and sale, and not by auction; as, a market is held in the town every week. He is wit's peddler; and retails his wares At wakes, and wassails, meetings, markets, fairs. Shak. Three women and a goose make a market. Old Saying.

2. A public place (as an open space in a town) or a large building, where a market is held; a market place or market house; esp., a place where provisions are sold. There is at Jerusalem by the sheep market a pool. John v. 2.

3. An opportunity for selling anything; demand, as shown by price offered or obtainable; a town, region, or country, where the demand exists; as, to find a market for one's wares; there is no market for woolen cloths in that region; India is a market for English goods. There is a third thing to be considered: how a market can be created for produce, or how production can be limited to the capacities of the market. J. S. Mill.

4. Exchange, or purchase and sale; traffic; as, a dull market; a slow market.

5. The price for which a thing is sold in a market; market price. Hence: Value; worth. What is a man If his chief good and market of his time Be but to sleep and feed Shak.

6. (Eng. Law)

Defn: The privelege granted to a town of having a public market.

Note: Market is often used adjectively, or in forming compounds of obvious meaning; as, market basket, market day, market folk, market house, marketman, market place, market price, market rate, market wagon, market woman, and the like. Market beater, a swaggering bully; a noisy braggart. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- Market bell, a bell rung to give notice that buying and selling in a market may begin. [Eng.] Shak. -- Market cross, a cross set up where a market is held. Shak. -- Market garden, a garden in which vegetables are raised for market. -- Market gardening, the raising of vegetables for market. -- Market place, an open square or place in a town where markets or public sales are held. -- Market town, a town that has the privilege of a stated public market.

MARKET Mar"ket, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Marketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Marketing.]

Defn: To deal in a market; to buy or sell; to make bargains for provisions or goods.

MARKET Mar"ket, v. t.

Defn: To expose for sale in a market; to traffic in; to sell in a market, and in an extended sense, to sell in any manner; as, most of the farmes have marketed their crops. Industrious merchants meet, and market there The world's collected wealth. Southey.

MARKETABLE Mar"ket*a*ble, a.

1. Fit to be offered for sale in a market; such as may be justly and lawfully sold; as, dacayemarketable.

2. Current in market; as, marketable value.

3. Wanted by purchasers; salable; as, furs are not marketable in that country.

MARKETABLENESS Mar"ket*a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being marketable.

MARKETER Mar"ket*er, n.

Defn: One who attends a market to buy or sell; one who carries goods to market.

MARKETING Mar"ket*ing, n.

1. The act of selling or of purchasing in, or as in, a market.

2. Articles in, or from, a market; supplies.

MARKETSTEAD Mar"ket*stead, n. Etym: [Market + stead a place.]

Defn: A market place. [Obs.] Drayton.

MARKHOOR Mark"hoor`, n. Etym: [Per. mar-kh snake eater.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large wild goat (Capra megaceros), having huge flattened spiral horns. It inhabits the mountains of Northern India and Cashmere.

MARKING Mark"ing, n.

Defn: The act of one who, or that which, marks; the mark or marks made; arrangement or disposition of marks or coloring; as, the marking of a bird's plumage. Marking ink, indelible ink, because used in marking linen. -- Marking nut (Bot.), the nut of the Semecarpus Anacardium, an East Indian tree. The shell of the nut yields a blackish resinous juice used for marking cotton cloth, and an oil prepared from it is used for rheumatism.

MARKIS Mar"kis, n.

Defn: A marquis. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MARKISESSE Mar"kis*esse, n.

Defn: A marchioness. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MARKMAN Mark"man, n.

Defn: A marksman. [Obs.] Shak.

MARKSMAN Marks"man, n.; pl. Marksmen. Etym: [Earlier markman; mark + man.]

1. One skillful to hit a mark with a missile; one who shoots well.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who makes his mark, instead of writing his name, in signing documents. Burrill.

MARKSMANSHIP Marks"man*ship, n.

Defn: Skill of a marksman.

MARL Marl, v. t. Etym: [See Marline.] (Naut.)

Defn: To cover, as part of a rope, with marline, marking a pecular hitch at each turn to prevent unwinding. Marling spike. (Naut.) See under Marline.

MARL Marl, n. Etym: [OF. marle, F. marne, LL. margila, dim. of L. marga marl. Originally a Celtic word, according to Pliny, xvii. 7: "Quod genus terræ Galli et Britanni margam vocant." sq. root274.]

Defn: A mixed earthy substance, consisting of carbonate of lime, clay, and sand, in very varivble proportions, and accordingly designated as calcareous, clayey, or sandy. See Greensand.

MARL Marl, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marled; p. pr. & vb. n. Marling.] Etym: [Cf. F. marner. See Marl, n.]

Defn: To overspread or manure with marl; as, to marl a field.

MARLACEOUS Mar*la"ceous, a.

Defn: Resembling marl; partaking of the qualities of marl.

MARLIN Mar"lin, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The American great marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa). Applied also to the red-breasted godwit (Limosa hæmatica). Hook-billed marlin, a curlew.

MARLINE Mar"line, n. Etym: [LG. marlien, marling, or D. marling, marlijn, fr. D. marren to tie, prob. akin to E. moor, v., and lijn line: cf.F. merlin. See Moor, v., Line.] (Naut.)

Defn: A small line composed of two strands a little twisted, used for winding around ropes and cables, to prevent their being weakened by fretting. Marline spike, Marling spike (Naut.), an iron tool tapering to a point, used to separate the strands of a rope in splicing and in marling. It has an eye in the thick end to which a lanyard is attached. See Fid. [Written also marlin spike] -- Marline-spike bird. Etym: [The name alludes to the long middle tail feathers.] (Zoöl.) (a) A tropic bird. (b) A jager, or skua gull.

MARLINE Mar"line, v. t. Etym: [F. merliner.] (Naut.)

Defn: To wind marline around; as, to marline a rope.

MARLITE Marl"ite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. marlite. See Marl, n.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of marl.

MARLITIC Mar*lit"ic, a.

Defn: Partaking of the qualites of marlite.

MARLPIT Marl"pit`, n.

Defn: Apit where marl is dug.

MARLSTONE Marl"stone`, n. (Geol.)

Defn: A sandy calcareous straum, containing, or impregnated with, iron, and lying between the upper and lower Lias of England.

MARLY Marl"y, a. [Compar. Marlier; superl. Marliest.]

Defn: Consisting or partaking of marl; resembling marl; abounding with marl.

MARMALADE Mar"ma*lade, n. Etym: [F. marmelade, Pg. marmelada, fr. marmélo a quince, fr. L. melimelum honey apple, Gr. Mellifluous, Melon.]

Defn: A preserve or confection made of the pulp of fruit, as the quince, pear, apple, orange, etc., boiled with sugar, and brought to a jamlike consistence. Marmalade tree (Bot.), a sapotaceous tree (Lucuma mammosa) of the West Indies and Tropical America. It has large obovate leaves and an egg-shaped fruit from three to five inches long, containing a pleasant-flavored pulp and a single large seed. The fruit is called marmalade, or natural marmalade, from its consistency and flavor.

MARMALET Mar"ma*let`, n.

Defn: See Marmalade. [Obs.]

MARMATITE Mar"ma*tite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. marmatite.] (Min.)

Defn: A ferruginous variety of shalerite or zinc blende, nearly black in color.

MARMOLITE Mar"mo*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.] (Min.)

Defn: A thin, laminated variety of serpentine, usually of a pale green color.

MARMORACEOUS Mar`mo*ra"ceous, a. Etym: [L. marmor marble. See Marble.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or like, marble.

MARMORATE; MARMORATED Mar"mo*rate, Mar"mo*ra`ted, a. Etym: [L. marmoratus, p. p. of marmorate to overlay with marble, fr. marmor marble.]

Defn: Variegated like marble; covered or overlaid with marble. [R.]

MARMORATION Mar`mo*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. marmoratio.]

Defn: A covering or incrusting with marble; a casing of marble; a variegating so as to resemble marble. [R.]

MARMORATUM OPUS Mar`mo*ra`tum o"pus. Etym: [L. See Marmorate, and Opus.] (Arch.)

Defn: A kind of hard finish for plasterwork, made of plaster of Paris and marble dust, and capable of taking a high polish.

MARMOREAL; MARMOREAN Mar*mo"re*al, Mar*mo"re*an, a. Etym: [L. marmoreus, fr. marmor marble: cf. F. marmoréen. See Marble.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, marble; made of marble.

MARMOROSIS Mar`mo*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL.] (Geol.)

Defn: The metamorphism of limestone, that is, its conversion into marble. Geikie.

MARMOSE Mar"mose`, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of small opossum (Didelphus murina) ranging from Mexico to Brazil.

MARMOSET Mar"mo*set`, n. Etym: [F. marmouset a grotesque figure, an ugly little boy, prob. fr. LL. marmoretum, fr. L. marmor marble. Perhaps confused with marmot. See Marble.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of small South American monkeys of the genera Hapale and Midas, family Hapalidæ. They have long soft fur, and a hairy, nonprehensile tail. They are often kept as pets. Called also squirrel monkey.

MARMOT Mar"mot, n. Etym: [It. marmotta, marmotto, prob. fr. L. mus montanus, or mus montis, lit., mountain mouse or rat. See Mountain, and Mouse.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any rodent of the genus Arctomys. The common European marmot (A. marmotta) is about the size of a rabbit, and inhabits the higher regions of the Alps and Pyrenees. The bobac is another European species. The common American species (A. monax) is the woodchuck.

2. Any one of several species of ground squirrels or gophers of the genus Spermophilus; also, the prairie dog. Marmot squirrel (Zoöl.), a ground squirrel or spermophile. -- Prairie marmot. See Prairie dog.

MARMOTTES OIL Mar"mottes oil`

Defn: . A fine oil obtained from the kernel of Prunus brigantiaca. It is used instead of olive or almond oil. De Colange.

MARMOZET Mar"mo*zet`, n.

Defn: See Marmoset.

MARONE Ma*rone", n.

Defn: See Maroon, the color.

MARONITE Mar"o*nite, n.; pl. Maronites (. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a body of nominal Christians, who speak the Arabic language, and reside on Mount Lebanon and in different parts of Syria. They take their name from one Maron of the 6th century.

MAROON Ma*roon", n. [Written also marroon.] Etym: [F. marron, abbrev. fr. Sp. cimarron wild, unruly, from cima the summit of a mountain; hence, negro cimarron a runaway negro that lives in the mountains.]

Defn: In the West Indies and Guiana, a fugitive slave, or a free negro, living in the mountains.

MAROON Ma*roon", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marooned; p. pr. & vb. n. Marooning.] Etym: [See Maroon a fugitive slave.]

Defn: To put (a person) ashore on a desolate island or coast and leave him to his fate. Marooning party, a social excursion party that sojourns several days on the shore or in some retired place; a prolonged picnic. [Southern U. S.] Bartlett.

MAROON Ma*roon", a. Etym: [F. marron chestnut-colored, fr. marron a large French chestnut, It. marrone; cf. LGr. Marron.]

Defn: Having the color called maroon. See 4th Maroon. Maroon lake, lake prepared from madder, and distinguished for its transparency and the depth and durability of its color.

MAROON Ma*roon", n.

1. A brownish or dull red of any description, esp. of a scarlet cast rather than approaching crimson or purple.

2. An explosive shell. See Marron, 3.

MARPLOT Mar"plot`, n.

Defn: One who, by his officious

MARQUE Marque, n. Etym: [F. marque, in lettre de marque letter of marque, a commission with which the commandant of every armed vessel was obliged to be provided, under penalty of being considered a pirate or corsair; marque here prob. meaning, border, boundary (the letter of marque being a permission to go beyond the border), and of German origin. See March border.] (Law)

Defn: A license to pass the limits of a jurisdiction, or boundary of a country, for the purpose of making reprisals. Letters of marque, Letters of marque and reprisal, a license or extraordinary commission granted by a government to a private person to fit out a privateer or armed ship to cruise at sea and make prize of the enemy's ships and merchandise. The ship so commissioned is sometimes called a letter of marque.

MARQUEE Mar*quee", n. Etym: [F. marquise, misunderstood as a plural; prob. orig., tent of the marchioness. See Marquis.]

Defn: A large field tent; esp., one adapted to the use of an officer of high rank. [Written also markee.]

MARQUESS Mar"quess, n. Etym: [Cf. Sp. marques. See Marquis.]

Defn: A marquis. Lady marquess, a marchioness. [Obs.] Shak.

MARQUETRY Mar"quet*ry, n. Etym: [F. marqueterie, from marqueter to checker, inlay, fr. marque mark, sign; of German origin. See Mark a sign.]

Defn: Inlaid work; work inlaid with pieces of wood, shells, ivory, and the like, of several colors.

MARQUIS Mar"quis, n. Etym: [F. marquis, OF. markis, marchis, LL. marchensis; of German origin; cf. G. mark bound, border, march, OHG. marcha. See March border, and cf. Marchioness, Marquee, Marquess.]

Defn: A nobleman in England, France, and Germany, of a rank next below that of duke. Originally, the marquis was an officer whose duty was to guard the marches or frontiers of the kingdom. The office has ceased, and the name is now a mere title conferred by patent.

MARQUISATE Mar"quis*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. marquisat.]

Defn: The seigniory, dignity, or lordship of a marquis; the territory governed by a marquis.

MARQUISDOM Mar"quis*dom, n.

Defn: A marquisate. [Obs.] "Nobles of the marquisdom of Saluce." Holinshed.

MARQUISE Mar`quise", n. Etym: [F. See Marquis, and cf. Marquee.]

Defn: The wife of a marquis; a marchioness.

MARQUISSHIP Mar"quis*ship, n.

Defn: A marquisate.

MARRAM Mar"ram, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A coarse grass found on sandy beaches (Ammophila arundinacea). See Beach grass, under Beach.

MARRER Mar"rer, n.

Defn: One who mars or injures.

MARRIABLE Mar"ri*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. mariable.]

Defn: Marriageable. [R.] Coleridge.

MARRIAGE Mar"riage, n. Etym: [OE. mariage, F. mariage. See Marry, v. t.]

1. The act of marrying, or the state of being married; legal union of a man and a woman for life, as husband and wife; wedlock; matrimony. Marriage is honorable in all. Heb. xiii. 4.

2. The marriage vow or contract. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. A feast made on the occasion of a marriage. The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king which made a marriage for his son. Matt. xxii. 2.

4. Any intimate or close union. Marriage brokage. (a) The business of bringing about marriages. (b) The payment made or demanded for the procurement of a marriage. -- Marriage favors, knots of white ribbons, or bunches of white flowers, worn at weddings. -- Marriage settlement (Law), a settlement of property in view, and in consideration, of marriage.

Syn. -- Matrimony; wedlock; wedding; nuptials. -- Marriage, Matrimony, Wedlock. Marriage is properly the act which unites the two parties, and matrimony the state into which they enter. Marriage is, however, often used for the state as well as the act. Wedlock is the old Anglo-Saxon term for matrimony.

MARRIAGEABILITY Mar`riage*a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being marriageable.

MARRIAGEABLE Mar"riage*a*ble, a.

Defn: Fit for, or capable of, marriage; of an age at which marriage is allowable. -- Mar"riage*a*ble*ness, n.

MARRIED Mar"ried, a.

1. Being in the state of matrimony; wedded; as, a married man or woman.

2. Of or pertaining to marriage; connubial; as, the married state.

MARRIER Mar"ri*er, n.

Defn: One who marries.

MARRON Mar*ron", n. Etym: [See Maroon, a.]

1. A large chestnut. [Obs.] Holland.

2. A chestnut color; maroon.

3. (Pyrotechny & Mil.)

Defn: A paper or pasteboard box or shell, wound about with strong twine, filled with an explosive, and ignited with a fuse, -- used to make a noise like a cannon. [Written also maroon.]

MARROON Mar*roon", n. & a.

Defn: Same as 1st Maroon.

MARROT Mar"rot, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The razor-billed auk. See Auk. (b) The common guillemot. (c) The puffin. [Prov. Eng.] [Written also marrott, and morrot.]

MARROW Mar"row, n. Etym: [OE. marou, mary, maruh, AS. mearg, mearh; akin to OS. marg, D. merg, G. Mark, OHG. marg, marag, Icel. mergr, Sw. merg, Dan. marv, Skr. majjan; cf. Skr. majj to sink, L. mergere. sq. root274 Cf. Merge.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The tissue which fills the cavities of most bones; the medulla. In the larger cavities it is commonly very fatty, but in the smaller cavities it is much less fatty, and red or reddish in color.

2. The essence; the best part. It takes from our achievements . . . The pith and marrow of our attribute. Shak.

3. Etym: [OE. maru, maro; -- perh. a different word; cf. Gael. maraon together.]

Defn: One of a pair; a match; a companion; an intimate associate. [Scot.] Chopping and changing I can not commend, With thief or his marrow, for fear of ill end. Tusser. Marrow squash (Bot.), a name given to several varieties of squash, esp. to the Boston marrow, an ovoid fruit, pointed at both ends, and with reddish yellow flesh, and to the vegetable marrow, a variety of an ovoid form, and having a soft texture and fine grain resembling marrow. -- Spinal marrow. (Anat.) See Spinal cord, under Spinal.

MARROW Mar"row, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marrowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Marrowing.]

Defn: To fill with, or as with, marrow of fat; to glut.

MARROWBONE Mar"row*bone`, n.

Defn: A bone containing marrow; pl. ludicrously, knee bones or knees; as, to get down on one's marrowbones, i. e., to kneel.

MARROWFAT Mar"row*fat, n.

Defn: A rich but late variety of pea.

MARROWISH Mar"row*ish, a.

Defn: Of the nature of, or like, marrow.

MARROWLESS Mar"row*less, a.

Defn: Destitute of marrow.

MARROWY Mar"row*y, a.

Defn: Full of marrow; pithy.

MARRUBIUM Mar*ru"bi*um, n. Etym: [L.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of bitter aromatic plants, sometimes used in medicine; hoarhound.

MARRY Mar"ry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Married; p. pr. & vb. n. Marrying.] Etym: [OE. marien, F. marier, L. maritare, fr. maritus husband, fr. mas, maris, a male. See Male, and cf. Maritral.]

1. To unite in wedlock or matrimony; to perform the ceremony of joining, as a man and a woman, for life; to constitute (a man and a woman) husband and wife according to the laws or customs of the place. Tell him that he shall marry the couple himself. Gay.

2. To join according to law, (a man) to a woman as his wife, or (a woman) to a man as her husband. See the Note to def. 4. A woman who had been married to her twenty-fifth husband, and being now a widow, was prohibited to marry. Evelyn.

3. To dispose of in wedlock; to give away as wife. Mæcenas took the liberty to tell him [Augustus] that he must either marry his daughter [Julia] to Agrippa, or take away his life. Bacon.

4. To take for husband or wife. See the Note below.

Note: We say, a man is married to or marries a woman; or, a woman is married to or marries a man. Both of these uses are equally well authorized; but given in marriage is said only of the woman. They got him [the Duke of Monmouth] . . . to declare in writing, that the last king [Charles II.] told him he was never married to his mother. Bp. Lloyd.

5. Figuratively, to unite in the closest and most endearing relation. Turn, O backsliding children, saith the Lord; for I am married unto you. Jer. iii. 14. To marry ropes. (Naut.) (a) To place two ropes along side of each other so that they may be grasped and hauled on at the same time. (b) To join two ropes end to end so that both will pass through a block. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

MARRY Mar"ry, v. i.

Defn: To enter into the conjugal or connubial state; to take a husband or a wife. I will, therefore, that the younger women marry. 1 Tim. v. 14. Marrrying man, a man disposed to marry. [Colloq.]

MARRY Mar"ry, interj.

Defn: Indeed ! in truth ! -- a term of asseveration said to have been derived from the practice of swearing by the Virgin Mary. [Obs.] Shak.

MARS Mars, n. Etym: [L. Mars, gen. Martis, archaic Mavors, gen. Mavortis.]

1. (Rom. Myth.)

Defn: The god of war and husbandry.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: One of the planets of the solar system, the fourth in order from the sun, or the next beyond the earth, having a diameter of about 4,200 miles, a period of 687 days, and a mean distance of 141,000,000 miles. It is conspicuous for the redness of its light.

3. (Alchemy)

Defn: The metallic element iron, the symbol of which was the same as that of the planet Mars. [Archaic] Chaucer. Mars brown, a bright, somewhat yellowish, brown.

MARSALA Mar*sa"la, n. Etym: [It., fr. Marsala, in Sicyly.]

Defn: A kind of wine exported from Marsala in Sicily.

MARSDENIA Mars*de"ni*a, n. Etym: [NL. From W. Marsden, an English author.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants of the Milkweed family, mostly woody climbers with fragrant flowers, several species of which furnish valuable fiber, and one species (Marsdenia tinctoria) affords indigo.

MARSEILLAIS; MARSEILLAISE Mar`sei`llais", a. m. Mar`sei`llaise", a. f.Etym: [F.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Marseilles, in France, or to its inhabitants. Marseillaise hymn, or The Marseillaise, the national anthem of France, popularly so called. It was composed in 1792, by Rouget de l'Isle, an officer then stationed at Strasburg. In Paris it was sung for the first time by the band of men who came from Marseilles to aid in the revolution of August 10, 1792; whence the name.

MARSEILLAIS; MARSEILLAISE Mar`sei`llais", n. m. Mar`sei`llaise", n. f.Etym: [F.]

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Marseilles.

MARSEILLES Mar*seilles", n.

Defn: A general term for certain kinds of fabrics, which are formed of two series of threads interlacing each other, thus forming double cloth, quilted in the loom; -- so named because first made in Marseilles, France.

MARSH Marsh, n. Etym: [OE. mersch, AS. mersc, fr. mere lake. See Mere pool, and cf. Marish, Morass.]

Defn: A tract of soft wet land, commonly covered partially or wholly with water; a fen; a swamp; a morass. [Written also marish.] Marsh asphodel (Bot.), a plant (Nartheeium ossifragum) with linear equitant leaves, and a raceme of small white flowers; -- called also bog asphodel. -- Marsh cinquefoil (Bot.), a plant (Potentilla palustris) having purple flowers, and found growing in marshy places; marsh five- finger. -- Marsh elder. (Bot.) (a) The guelder-rose or cranberry tree (Viburnum Opulus). (b) In the United States, a composite shrub growing in salt marshes (Iva frutescens). -- Marsh five-finger. (Bot.) See Marsh cinquefoil (above). -- Marsh gas. (Chem.) See under Gas. -- Marsh grass (Bot.), a genus (Spartina) of coarse grasses growing in marshes; -- called also cord grass. The tall S. cynosuroides is not good for hay unless cut very young. The low S. juncea is a common component of salt hay. -- Marsh harrier (Zoöl.), a European hawk or harrier (Circus æruginosus); -- called also marsh hawk, moor hawk, moor buzzard, puttock. -- Marsh hawk. (Zoöl.) (a) A hawk or harrier (Circus cyaneus), native of both America and Europe. The adults are bluish slate above, with a white rump. Called also hen harrier, and mouse hawk. (b) The marsh harrier. -- Marsh hen (Zoöl.), a rail; esp., Rallus elegans of fresh-water marshes, and R. longirostris of salt-water marshes. -- Marsh mallow (Bot.), a plant of the genus Althæa ( A. officinalis) common in marshes near the seashore, and whose root is much used in medicine as a demulcent. -- Marsh marigold. (Bot.) See in the Vocabulary. -- Marsh pennywort (Bot.), any plant of the umbelliferous genus Hydrocotyle; low herbs with roundish leaves, growing in wet places; - - called also water pennywort. -- Marsh quail (Zoöl.), the meadow lark. -- Marsh rosemary (Bot.), a plant of the genus Statice (S. Limonium), common in salt marshes. Its root is powerfully astringent, and is sometimes used in medicine. Called also sea lavender. -- Marsh samphire (Bot.), a plant (Salicornia herbacea) found along seacoasts. See Glasswort. -- Marsh St. John's-wort (Bot.), an American herb (Elodes Virginica) with small opposite leaves and flesh-colored flowers. -- Marsh tea. (Bot.). Same as Labrador tea. -- Marsh trefoil. (Bot.) Same as Buckbean. -- Marsh wren (Zoöl.), any species of small American wrens of the genus Cistothorus, and allied genera. They chiefly inhabit salt marshes.

MARSHAL Mar"shal, n. Etym: [OE. mareschal, OF. mareschal, F. maréchal, LL. mariscalcus, from OHG. marah-scalc (G. marschall); marah horse + scalc servant (akin to AS. scealc, Goth. skalks). F. maréchal signifies, a marshal, and a farrier. See Mare horse, and cf. Seneschal.]

1. Originally, an officer who had the care of horses; a groom. [Obs.]

2. An officer of high rank, charged with the arrangement of ceremonies, the conduct of operations, or the like; as, specifically: (a) One who goes before a prince to declare his coming and provide entertainment; a harbinger; a pursuivant. (b) One who regulates rank and order at a feast or any other assembly, directs the order of procession, and the like. (c) The chief officer of arms, whose duty it was, in ancient times, to regulate combats in the lists. Johnson. (d) (France) The highest military officer. In other countries of Europe a marshal is a military officer of high rank, and called field marshal. (e) (Am. Law) A ministerial officer, appointed for each judicial district of the United States, to execute the process of the courts of the United States, and perform various duties, similar to those of a sheriff. The name is also sometimes applied to certain police officers of a city. Earl marshal of England, the eighth officer of state; an honorary title, and personal, until made hereditary in the family of the Duke of Norfolk. During a vacancy in the office of high constable, the earl marshal has jurisdiction in the court of chivalry. Brande & C. -- Earl marshal of Scotland, an officer who had command of the cavalry under the constable. This office was held by the family of Keith, but forfeited by rebellion in 1715. -- Knight marshal, or Marshal of the King's house, formerly, in England, the marshal of the king's house, who was authorized to hear and determine all pleas of the Crown, to punish faults committed within the verge, etc. His court was called the Court of Marshalsea. -- Marshal of the Queen's Bench, formerly the title of the officer who had the custody of the Queen's bench prison in Southwark. Mozley & W.

MARSHAL Mar"shal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Marshaled or Marshalled; p. pr. & vb. n. Marshaling or Marshalling.]

1. To dispose in order; to arrange in a suitable manner; as, to marshal troops or an army. And marshaling the heroes of his name As, in their order, next to light they came. Dryden.

2. To direct, guide, or lead. Thou marshalest me the way that I was going. Shak.

3. (Her.)

Defn: To dispose in due order, as the different quarterings on an escutcheon, or the different crests when several belong to an achievement.

MARSHALER Mar"shal*er, n. Etym: [Written also marshaller.]

Defn: One who marshals.

MARSHALING Mar"shal*ing, n. Etym: [Written also marshalling.]

1. The act of arranging in due order.

2. (Her.)

Defn: The arrangement of an escutcheon to exhibit the alliances of the owner. Marshaling of assets (Law), the arranging or ranking of assets in due order of administration.

MARSHALSEA Mar"shal*sea, n. Etym: [Marshal + OE. se a seat. See See a seat.]

Defn: The court or seat of a marshal; hence, the prison in Southwark, belonging to the marshal of the king's household. [Eng.] Court of Marshalsea, a court formerly held before the steward and marshal of the king's house to administer justice between the king's domestic servants. Blackstone.

MARSHALSHIP Mar"shal*ship, n.

Defn: The office of a marshal.

MARSHBANKER; MARSEBANKER Marsh"bank`er, Marse"bank`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The menhaden.

MARSHINESS Marsh"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state or condition of being marshy.

MARSH MARIGOLD Marsh mar"i*gold

Defn: . (Bot.) A perennial plant of the genus Caltha (C. palustris), growing in wet places and bearing bright yellow flowers. In the United States it is used as a pot herb under the name of cowslip. See Cowslip.

MARSHY Marsh"y, a. Etym: [E. Marsh.]

1. Resembling a marsh; wet; boggy; fenny.

2. Pertaining to, or produced in, marshes; as, a marshy weed. Dryden.

MARSIPOBRANCH Mar"si*po*branch`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Marsipobranchia.

MARSIPOBRANCHIA Mar"si*po*bran"chi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A class of Vertebrata, lower than fishes, characterized by their purselike gill cavities, cartilaginous skeletons, absence of limbs, and a suckerlike mouth destitute of jaws. It includes the lampreys and hagfishes. See Cyclostoma, and Lamprey. Called also Marsipobranchiata, and Marsipobranchii.

MARSUPIAL Mar*su"pi*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. marsupial.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a pouch for carrying the immature young; of or pertaining to the Marsupialia.

2. (Anat. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a marsupium; as, the marsupial bones. Marsupial frog. (Zoöl.) See Nototrema.

MARSUPIAL Mar*su"pi*al, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Marsupialia.

MARSUPIALIA Mar*su`pi*a"li*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. marsupium a pouch, bag, purse, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A subclass of Mammalia, including nearly all the mammals of Australia and the adjacent islands, together with the opossums of America. They differ from ordinary mammals in having the corpus callosum very small, in being implacental, and in having their young born while very immature. The female generally carries the young for some time after birth in an external pouch, or marsupium. Called also Marsupiata.

MARSUPIALIAN; MARSUPIAN Mar*su`pi*a"li*an, Mar*su"pi*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Marsupialia.

MARSUPIATE Mar*su"pi*ate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Related to or resembling the marsupials; furnished with a pouch for the young, as the marsupials, and also some fishes and Crustacea.

MARSUPION Mar*su"pi*on, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Same as Marsupium.

MARSUPITE Mar"su*pite, n. Etym: [See Marsupial.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil crinoid of the genus Marsupites, resembling a purse in form.

MARSUPIUM Mar*su"pi*um, n.; pl. Marsupia. Etym: [L., a pouch], (Anat. & Zoöl.) (a) The pouch, formed by a fold of the skin of the abdomen, in which marsupials carry their young; also, a pouch for similar use in other animals, as certain Crustacea. (b) The pecten in the eye of birds and reptiles. See Pecten.

MART Mart, n. Etym: [Contr. fr. market.]

1. A market. Where has commerce such a mart . . . as London Cowper.

2. A bargain. [Obs.] Shak.

MART Mart, v. t.

Defn: To buy or sell in, or as in, a mart. [Obs.] To sell and mart your officer for gold To undeservers. Shak.

MART Mart, v. t.

Defn: To traffic. [Obs.] Shak.

MART Mart, n. Etym: [See Mars.]

1. The god Mars. [Obs.]

2. Battle; contest. [Obs.] Fairfax.

MARTAGON Mar"ta*gon, n. Etym: [Cf. F. & Sp. martagon, It. martagone.] (Bot.)

Defn: A lily (Lilium Martagon) with purplish red flowers, found in Europe and Asia.

MARTEL Mar"tel, v. i. Etym: [F. marteler, fr. martel, marteau, hammer, a dim. fr. L. martulus, marculus, dim. of marcus hammer. Cf. March to step.]

Defn: To make a blow with, or as with, a hammer. [Obs.] Spenser.

MARTEL DE FER Mar`tel` de fer". Etym: [OF., hammer of iron.]

Defn: A weapon resembling a hammer, often having one side of the head pointed; -- used by horsemen in the Middle Ages to break armor. Fairholt.

MARTELINE Mar"te*line, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A small hammer used by marble workers and sculptors.

MARTELLO TOWER Mar*tel"lo tow`er. Etym: [It. martello hammer. The name was orig. given to towers erected on the coasts of Sicily and Sardinia for protection against the pirates in the time of Charles the Fifth, which prob. orig. contained an alarm bell to be struck with a hammer. See Martel.] (Fort.)

Defn: A building of masonry, generally circular, usually erected on the seacoast, with a gun on the summit mounted on a traversing platform, so as to be fired in any direction.

Note: The English borrowed the name of the tower from Corsica in 1794.

MARTEN Mar"ten, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bird. See Martin.

MARTEN Mar"ten, n. Etym: [From older martern, marter, martre, F. martre, marte, LL. martures (pl.), fr. L. martes; akin to AS. mear, meard, G. marder, OHG. mardar, Icel. mör. Cf. Foumart.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several fur-bearing carnivores of the genus Mustela, closely allied to the sable. Among the more important species are the European beech, or stone, marten (Mustela foina); the pine marten (M. martes); and the American marten, or sable (M. Americana), which some zoölogists consider only a variety of the Russian sable.

2. The fur of the marten, used for hats, muffs, etc.

MARTERN Mar"tern, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Marten. [Obs.]

MAR-TEXT Mar"-text`, n.

Defn: A blundering preacher.

MARTIAL Mar"tial, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. martialis of or belonging to Mars, the god of war. Cf. March the month.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or suited for, war; military; as, martial music; a martial appearance. "Martial equipage." Milton.

2. Practiced in, or inclined to, war; warlike; brave. But peaceful kings, o'er martial people set, Each other's poise and counterbalance are. Dryden.

3. Belonging to war, or to an army and navy; -- opposed to civil; as, martial law; a court-martial.

4. Pertaining to, or resembling, the god, or the planet, Mars. Sir T. Browne.

5. (Old Chem. & Old Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, iron; chalybeate; as, martial preparations. [Archaic] Martial flowers (Med.), a reddish crystalline salt of iron; the ammonio-chloride of iron. [Obs.] -- Martial law, the law administered by the military power of a government when it has superseded the civil authority in time of war, or when the civil authorities are unable to enforce the laws. It is distinguished from military law, the latter being the code of rules for the regulation of the army and navy alone, either in peace or in war.

Syn. -- Martial, Warlike. Martial refers more to war in action, its array, its attendants, etc.; as, martial music, a martial appearance, a martial array, courts-martial, etc. Warlike describes the feeling or temper which leads to war, and the adjuncts of war; as, a warlike nation, warlike indication, etc. The two words are often used without discrimination.

MARTIALISM Mar"tial*ism, n.

Defn: The quality of being warlike; exercises suitable for war. [Obs.]

MARTIALIST Mar"tial*ist, n.

Defn: A warrior. [Obs.] Fuller.

MARTIALIZE Mar"tial*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Martialized; p. pr. & vb. n. Martializing.]

Defn: To render warlike; as, to martialize a people.

MARTIALLY Mar"tial*ly, adv.

Defn: In a martial manner.

MARTIALNESS Mar"tial*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being martial.

MARTIAN Mar"tian, a. [L. Martius.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Mars, the Roman god of war, or to the planet bearing his name; martial.

MARTIAN Mar"tian, n.

Defn: An inhabitant of the planet Mars. Du Maurier.

MARTIN Mar"tin, n. (Stone Working) Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: A perforated stone-faced runner for grinding.

MARTIN Mar"tin, n. Etym: [F. martin, from the proper name Martin. Cf. Martlet.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of several species of swallows, usually having the tail less deeply forked than the tail of the common swallows. [Written also marten.]

Note: The American purple martin, or bee martin (Progne subis, or purpurea), and the European house, or window, martin (Hirundo, or Chelidon, urbica), are the best known species. Bank martin. (a) The bank swallow. See under Bank. (b) The fairy martin. See under Fairy. -- Bee martin. (a) The purple martin. (b) The kingbird. -- Sand martin, the bank swallow.

MARTINET Mar"ti*net`, n. Etym: [So called from an officer of that name in the French army under Louis XIV. Cf. Martin the bird, Martlet.]

Defn: In military language, a strict disciplinarian; in general, one who lays stress on a rigid adherence to the details of discipline, or to forms and fixed methods. [Hence, the word is commonly employed in a depreciatory sense.]

MARTINET Mar"ti*net`, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The martin.

MARTINETA Mar`ti*ne"ta, n. Etym: [Cf. Sp. martinete.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of tinamou (Calopezus elegans), having a long slender crest.

MARTINETISM Mar"ti*net`ism, n.

Defn: The principles or practices of a martinet; rigid adherence to discipline, etc.

MARTINGALE; MARTINGAL Mar"tin*gale, Mar"tin*gal, n. Etym: [F. martingale; cf. It. martingala a sort of hose, martingale, Sp. martingala a greave, cuish, martingale, Sp. almártaga a kind of bridle.]

1. A strap fastened to a horse's girth, passing between his fore legs, and fastened to the bit, or now more commonly ending in two rings, through which the reins pass. It is intended to hold down the head of the horse, and prevent him from rearing.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A lower stay of rope or chain for the jib boom or flying jib boom, fastened to, or reeved through, the dolphin striker. Also, the dolphin striker itself.

3. (Gambling)

Defn: The act of doubling, at each stake, that which has been lost on the preceding stake; also, the sum so risked; -- metaphorically derived from the bifurcation of the martingale of a harness. [Cant] Thackeray.

MARTINMAS Mar"tin*mas, n. Etym: [St. Martin + mass religious service.] (Eccl.)

Defn: The feast of St. Martin, the eleventh of November; -- often called martlemans. Martinmas summer, a period of calm, warm weather often experienced about the time of Martinmas; Indian summer. Percy Smith.

MARTITE Mar"tite, n. Etym: [L. Mars, Martis, the god Mars, the alchemical name of iron.] (Min.)

Defn: Iron sesquioxide in isometric form, probably a pseudomorph after magnetite.

MARTLEMAS Mar"tle*mas, n.

Defn: See Martinmas. [Obs.]

MARTLET Mart"let, n. Etym: [F. martinet. See Martin the bird, and cf. Martinet a disciplinarian.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European house martin.

2. Etym: [Cf. F. merlette.] (Her.)

Defn: A bird without beak or feet; -- generally assumed to represent a martin. As a mark of cadency it denotes the fourth son.

MARTYR Mar"tyr, n. Etym: [AS., from L. martyr, Gr. ma`rtyr, ma`rtys, prop., a witness; cf. Skr. smrs to remember, E. memory.]

1. One who, by his death, bears witness to the truth of the gospel; one who is put to death for his religion; as, Stephen was the first Christian martyr. Chaucer. To be a martyr, signifies only to witness the truth of Christ; but the witnessing of the truth was then so generally attended with persecution, that martyrdom now signifies not only to witness, but to witness by death South.

2. Hence, one who sacrifices his life, his station, or what is of great value to him, for the sake of principle, or to sustain a cause. Then if thou fall'st, O Cromwell, Thou fall'st a blessed martyr ! Shak.

MARTYR Mar"tyr, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Martyred; p. pr. & vb. n. Martyring.]

1. To put to death for adhering to some belief, esp. Christianity; to sacrifice on account of faith or profession. Bp. Pearson.

2. To persecute; to torment; to torture. Chaucer. The lovely Amoret, whose gentle heart Thou martyrest with sorrow and with smart. Spenser. Racked with sciatics, martyred with the stone. Pope.

MARTYRDOM Mar"tyr*dom, n. Etym: [Martyr + -dom.]

1. The condition of a martyr; the death of a martyr; the suffering of death on account of adherence to the Christian faith, or to any cause. Bacon. I came from martyrdom unto this peace. Longfellow.

2. Affliction; torment; torture. Chaucer.

MARTYRIZATION Mar`tyr*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: Act of martyrizing, or state of being martyrized; torture. B. Jonson.

MARTYRIZE Mar"tyr*ize, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. martyriser, LL. martyrizare.]

Defn: To make a martyr of. Spenser.

MARTYRLY Mar"tyr*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a martyr.

MARTYROLOGE Mar"tyr*o*loge, n. Etym: [LL. martyrologium: cf. F. martyrologe.]

Defn: A martyrology. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

MARTYROLOGIC; MARTYROLOGICAL Mar`tyr*o*log"ic, Mar`tyr*o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to martyrology or martyrs; registering, or registered in, a catalogue of martyrs.

MARTYROLOGIST Mar`tyr*ol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. martyrologiste.]

Defn: A writer of martyrology; an historian of martyrs. T. Warton.

MARTYROLOGY Mar`tyr*ol"o*gy, n.; pl. -gies. Etym: [Martyr + -logy.]

Defn: A history or account of martyrs; a register of martyrs. Bp. Stillingfleet.

MARTYRSHIP Mar"tyr*ship, n.

Defn: Martyrdom. [R.] Fuller.

MARVEL Mar"vel, n. Etym: [OE. mervaile, F. merveille, fr. L. mirabilia wonderful things, pl., fr. mirabilis wonderful, fr. mirari to wonder or marvel at. See Admire, Smile, and cf. Miracle.]

1. That which causes wonder; a prodigy; a miracle. I will do marvels such as have not been done. Ex. xxxiv. 10. Nature's sweet marvel undefiled. Emerson.

2. Wonder. [R.] "Use lessens marvel." Sir W. Scott. Marvel of Peru. (Bot.) See Four-o'clock.

MARVEL Mar"vel, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Marveled or Marvelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Marveling or Marvelling.] Etym: [OE. merveilen, OF. merveillier.]

Defn: To be struck with surprise, astonishment, or wonder; to wonder. Marvel not, my brethren, if the world hate you. 1 john iii. 13.

MARVEL Mar"vel, v. t.

1. To marvel at. [Obs.] Wyclif.

2. To cause to marvel, or be surprised; -- used impersonally. [Obs.] But much now me marveleth. Rich. the Redeless.

MARVELOUS Mar"vel*ous, a. Etym: [OE. merveillous, OF. merveillos, F. Merveilleux. See Marvel, n.] [Written also marvellous.]

1. Exciting wonder or surprise; astonishing; wonderful. This is the Lord's doing; it is marvelous in our eyes. Ps. cxiii. 23.

2. Partaking of the character of miracle, or superna The marvelous fable includes whatever is supernatural, and especially the machines of the gods. Pope. The marvelous, that which exceeds natural power, or is preternatural; that which is wonderful; -- opposed to the probable.

Syn. -- Wonderful; astonishing; surprising; strange; improbable; incredible. -- Marvelous, Wonderful. We speak of a thing as wonderful when it awakens our surprise and admiration; as marvelous when it is so much out of the ordinary course of things as to seem nearly or quite incredible.

MARVELOUSLY Mar"vel*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a marvelous manner; wonderfully; strangely.

MARVELOUSNESS Mar"vel*ous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being marvelous; wonderfulness; strangeness.

MARVER Mar"ver, n. Etym: [Prob. corrupt. fr. OE. or F. marbre marble.] (Glass Marking)

Defn: A stone, or cast-iron plate, or former, on which hot glass is rolled to give it shape.

MARY Mar"y, n.

Defn: Marrow. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MARY Ma"ry, interj.

Defn: See Marry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MARY-BUD Ma"ry-bud`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The marigold; a blossom of the marigold. Shak.

MARYOLATRY Ma`ry*ol"a*try, n.

Defn: Mariolatry.

MARYSOLE Ma"ry*sole, n. Etym: [Mary, the proper name + sole the fish.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large British fluke, or flounder (Rhombus megastoma); -- called also carter, and whiff. marchpane.

MASCAGNIN; MASCAGNITE Mas*ca"gnin, Mas*ca"gnite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. mascagnin.] (Min.)

Defn: Native sulphate of ammonia, found in volcanic districts; -- so named from Mascagni, who discovered it.

MASCLE Mas"cle, n. Etym: [OF. mascle, F. macle, L. macula spot, mesh of a net, LL. macula, macla, mascla a scale of a coat of mail. See Mail armor.] (Her.)

Defn: A lozenge voided.

MASCLED Mas"cled, a.

Defn: Composed of, or covered with, lozenge-shaped scales; having lozenge-shaped divisions. Mascled armor, armor composed of small lozenge-shaped scales of metal fastened on a foundation of leather or quilted cloth.

MASCOT; MASCOTTE Mas"cot, Mas"cotte, n. Etym: [Through French fr. Pr. mascot a little sorcerer or magician, mascotto witchcraft, sorcery.]

Defn: A person who is supposed to bring good luck to the household to which he or she belongs; anything that brings good luck.

MASCULATE Mas"cu*late, v. t. Etym: [L. masculus male, masculine.]

Defn: To make strong. [Obs.] Cockeram.

MASCULINE Mas"cu*line, a. Etym: [L. masculinus, fr. masculus male, manly, dim. of mas a male: cf. F. masculin. See Male masculine.]

1. Of the male sex; not female. Thy masculine children, that is to say, thy sons. Chaucer.

2. Having the qualities of a man; suitable to, or characteristic of, a man; virile; not feminine or effeminate; strong; robust. That lady, after her husband's death, held the reins with a masculine energy. Hallam.

3. Belonging to males; appropriated to, or used by, males. [R.] "A masculine church." Fuller.

4. (Gram.)

Defn: Having the inflections of, or construed with, words pertaining especially to male beings, as distinguished from feminine and neuter. See Gender. -- Mas"cu*line*ly, adv. -- Mas"cu*line*ness, n.

MASCULINITY Mas`cu*lin"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being masculine; masculineness.

MASE Mase, n. & v.

Defn: See Maze. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MASELYN Mas"e*lyn, n.

Defn: A drinking cup. See 1st Maslin, 2. [Obs.] Chaucer.

MASER Ma"ser, n.

Defn: Same as Mazer.

MASH Mash, n.

Defn: A mesh. [Obs.]

MASH Mash, n. Etym: [Akin to G. meisch, maisch, meische, maische, mash, wash, and prob. to AS. miscian to mix. See Mix.]

1. A mass of mixed ingredients reduced to a soft pulpy state by beating or pressure; a mass of anything in a soft pulpy state. Specifically (Brewing), ground or bruised malt, or meal of rye, wheat, corn, or other grain (or a mixture of malt and meal) steeped and stirred in hot water for making the wort.

2. A mixture of meal or bran and water fed to animals.

3. A mess; trouble. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Mash tun, a large tub used in making mash and wort.

MASH Mash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Mashed; p. pr. & vb. n. Mashing.] Etym: [Akin to G. meischen, maischen, to mash, mix, and prob. to mischen, E. mix. See 2d Mash.]

Defn: To convert into a mash; to reduce to a soft pulpy state by beating or pressure; to bruise; to crush; as, to mash apples in a mill, or potatoes with a pestle. Specifically (Brewing), to convert, as malt, or malt and meal, into the mash which makes wort. Mashing tub, a tub for making the mash in breweries and distilleries; -- called also mash tun, and mash vat.

MASHER Mash"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, mashes; also (Brewing), a machine for making mash.

2. A charmer of women. [Slang] London Punch.

MASHIE; MASHY Mash"ie, Mash"y, n.; pl. Mashies (#). [Etym. uncert.]

Defn: A golf club like the iron, but with a shorter head, slightly more lofted, used chiefly for short approaches.

MASHLIN Mash"lin, n.

Defn: See Maslin.

MASHY Mash"y, a.

Defn: Produced by crushing or bruising; resembling, or consisting of, a mash.

MASK Mask, n. Etym: [F. masque, LL. masca, mascha, mascus; cf. Sp. & Pg. máscara, It. maschera; all fr. Ar. maskharat buffoon, fool, pleasantry, anything ridiculous or mirthful, fr. sakhira to ridicule, to laugh at. Cf. Masque, Masquerade.]

1. A cover, or partial cover, for the face, used for disguise or protection; as, a dancer's mask; a fencer's mask; a ball player's mask.

2. That which disguises; a pretext or subterfuge.

3. A festive entertainment of dancing or other diversions, where all wear masks; a masquerade; hence, a revel; a frolic; a delusive show. Bacon. This thought might lead me through the world's vain mask. Milton.

4. A dramatic performance, formerly in vogue, in which the actors wore masks and represented mythical or allegorical characters.

5. (Arch.)

Defn: A grotesque head or face, used to adorn keystones and other prominent parts, to spout water in fountains, and the like; -- called also mascaron.

6. (Fort.) (a) In a permanent fortification, a redoubt which protects the caponiere. (b) A screen for a battery.

7. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The lower lip of the larva of a dragon fly, modified so as to form a prehensile organ. Mask house, a house for masquerades. [Obs.]

MASK Mask, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Masked; p. pr. & vb. n. Masking.]

1. To cover, as the face, by way of concealment or defense against injury; to conceal with a mask or visor. They must all be masked and vizarded. Shak.