Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (part 37 of 60)

Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (part 37 of 60)

Note: The principles of organic and inorganic chemistry are identical; but the enormous number and the completeness of related series of organic compounds, together with their remarkable facility of exchange and substitution, offer an illustration of chemical reaction and homology not to be paralleled in inorganic chemistry. Organic analysis (Chem.), the analysis of organic compounds, concerned chiefly with the determination of carbon as carbon dioxide, hydrogen as water, oxygen as the difference between the sum of the others and 100 per cent, and nitrogen as free nitrogen, ammonia, or nitric oxide; -- formerly called ultimate analysis, in distinction from proximate analysis. -- Organic chemistry. See under Chemistry. -- Organic compounds. (Chem.) See Carbon compounds, under Carbon. -- Organic description of a curve (Geom.), the description of a curve on a plane by means of instruments. Brande & C. -- Organic disease (Med.), a disease attended with morbid changes in the structure of the organs of the body or in the composition of its fluids; -- opposed to functional disease. -- Organic electricity. See under Electricity. -- Organic law or laws, a law or system of laws, or declaration of principles fundamental to the existence and organization of a political or other association; a constitution. -- Organic stricture (Med.), a contraction of one of the natural passages of the body produced by structural changes in its walls, as distinguished from a spasmodic stricture, which is due to muscular contraction.

ORGANICAL Or*gan"ic*al, a.

Defn: Organic. The organical structure of human bodies, whereby they live and move. Bentley.

ORGANICALLY Or*gan"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an organic manner; by means of organs or with reference to organic functions; hence, fundamentally. Gladstone.

ORGANICALNESS Or*gan"ic*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being organic.

ORGANICISM Or*gan"i*cism, n. (Med.)

Defn: The doctrine of the localization of disease, or which refers it always to a material lesion of an organ. Dunglison.

ORGANIFIC Or`gan*if"ic, a. Etym: [Organ + L. -ficare (in comp.) to make. See fy.]

Defn: Making an organic or organized structure; producing an organism; acting through, or resulting from, organs. Prof. Park.

ORGANISM Or"gan*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. organisme.]

1. Organic structure; organization. "The advantageous organism of the eye." Grew.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: An organized being; a living body, either vegetable or animal, compozed of different organs or parts with functions which are separate, but mutually dependent, and essential to the life of the individual.

Note: Some of the lower forms of life are so simple in structure as to be without organs, but are still called organisms, since they have different parts analogous in functions to the organs of higher plants and animals.

ORGANIST Or"gan*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. organiste.]

1. (Mus.)

Defn: One who plays on the organ.

2. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: One of the priests who organized or sung in parts. [Obs.]

ORGANISTA Or`ga*nis"ta, n. Etym: [Sp., an organis.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of several South American wrens, noted for the sweetness of their song.

ORGANITY Or*gan"i*ty, n.

Defn: Organism. [R.]

ORGANIZABILITY Or`gan*i`za*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Quality of being organizable; capability of being organized.

ORGANIZABLE Or"gan*i`za*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being organized; esp. (Biol.), capable of being formed into living tissue; as, organizable matter.

ORGANIZATION Or`gan*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. organisation.]

1. The act of organizing; the act of arranging in a systematic way for use or action; as, the organization of an army, or of a deliberative body. "The first organization of the general government." Pickering.

2. The state of being organized; also, the relations included in such a state or condition. What is organization but the connection of parts in and for a whole, so that each part is, at once, end and means Coleridge.

3. That wich is organized; an organized existence; an organism; specif. (Biol.), an arrangement of parts for the performance of the functions necessary to life. The cell may be regarded as the most simple, the most common, and the earliest form of organization. McKendrick.

ORGANIZE Or"gan*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Organized; p. pr. & vb. n. Organizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. organiser, Gr. Organ.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: To furnish with organs; to give an organic structure to; to endow with capacity for the functions of life; as, an organized being; organized matter; -- in this sense used chiefly in the past participle. These nobler faculties of the mind, matter organized could never produce. Ray.

2. To arrange or constitute in parts, each having a special function, act, office, or relation; to systematize; to get into working order; -- applied to products of the human intellect, or to human institutions and undertakings, as a science, a government, an army, a war, etc. This original and supreme will organizes the government. Cranch.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: To sing in parts; as, to organize an anthem. [R.] Busby.

ORGANIZER Or"gan*i`zer, n.

Defn: One who organizes.

ORGANLING Or"gan*ling, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large kind of sea fish; the orgeis.

ORGANO- Or"ga*no-. Etym: [See Organ.]

Defn: A combining form denoting relation to, or connection with, an organ or organs.

ORGANOGEN Or*gan"o*gen, n. Etym: [Organo- + -gen.] (Chem.)

Defn: A name given to any one of the four elements, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which are especially characteristic ingredients of organic compounds; also, by extension, to other elements sometimes found in the same connection; as sulphur, phosphorus, etc.

ORGANOGENESIS Or`ga*no*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Organo- + genesis.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: The origin and development of organs in animals and plants.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: The germ history of the organs and systems of organs, -- a branch of morphogeny. Haeckel.

ORGANOGENIC Or`ga*no*gen"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to organogenesis.

ORGANOGENY Or`ga*nog"e*ny, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Organogenesis.

ORGANOGRAPHIC; ORGANOGRAPHICAL Or`ga*no*graph"ic, Or`ga*no*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. organographique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to organography.

ORGANOGRAPHIST Or`ga*nog"ra*phist, n.

Defn: One versed in organography.

ORGANOGRAPHY Or`ga*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Organo- + -graphy: cf. F. organographie.]

Defn: A description of the organs of animals or plants.

ORGANOLEPTIC Or`ga*no*lep"tic, a. Etym: [F. organoleptique, fr. Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Making an impression upon an organ; plastic; -- said of the effect or impression produced by any substance on the organs of touch, taste, or smell, and also on the organism as a whole.

ORGANOLOGICAL Or`ga*no*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or relating to organology.

ORGANOLOGY Or`ga*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Organ + -logy: cf. F. organologie.]

1. The science of organs or of anything considered as an organic structure. The science of style, as an organ of thought, of style in relation to the ideas and feelings, might be called the organology of style. De Quincey.

2. That branch of biology which treats, in particular, of the organs of animals and plants. See Morphology.

ORGANOMETALLIC Or`ga*no*me*tal"lic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Metalorganic.

ORGANON; ORGANUM Or"ga*non, Or"ga*num, n. Etym: [NL. organon, L. organum. See Organ.]

Defn: An organ or instrument; hence, a method by which philosophical or scientific investigation may be conducted; -- a term adopted from the Aristotelian writers by Lord Bacon, as the title ("Novum Organon") of part of his treatise on philosophical method. Sir. W. Hamilton.

ORGANONYMY Or`ga*non"y*my, n. Etym: [Organo- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The designation or nomenclature of organs. B. G. Wilder.

ORGANOPHYLY Or`ga*noph"y*ly, n. Etym: [Organo- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The tribal history of organs, -- a branch of morphophyly. Haeckel.

ORGANOPLASTIC Or`ga*no*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Organo- + -plastic.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having the property of producing the tissues or organs of animals and plants; as, the organoplastic cells.

ORGANOSCOPY Or`ga*nos"co*py, n. Etym: [Organo- + -scopy.]

Defn: Phrenology. Fleming.

ORGANOTROPHIC Or`ga*no*troph"ic, a. Etym: [Organo- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to the creation, organization, and nutrition of living organs or parts.

ORGANULE Or"gan*ule, n. Etym: [Dim. of organ.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the essential cells or elements of an organ. See Sense organule, under Sense. Huxley.

ORGANY Or"ga*ny, n. Etym: [AS. Organe, from the Latin. See Origan.] (Bot.)

Defn: See Origan.

ORGANZINE Or"gan*zine, n. Etym: [F. organsin; cf. Sp. organsino, It. organzino.]

Defn: A kind of double thrown silk of very fine texture, that is, silk twisted like a rope with different strands, so as to increase its strength.

ORGASM Or"gasm, n. Etym: [F. orgasme; cf. Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Eager or immoderate excitement or action; the state of turgescence of any organ; erethism; esp., the height of venereal excitement in sexual intercourse.

ORGEAT Or"geat, n. Etym: [F., fr. orge barley, L. hordeum.]

Defn: A sirup in which, formerly, a decoction of barley entered, but which is now prepared with an emulsion of almonds, -- used to flavor beverages or edibles.

ORGEIS Or"ge*is, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Organling.

ORGIASTIC Or`gi*as"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. Orgy.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or of the nature of, orgies. Elton.

ORGIES Or"gies, n. pl.; sing. Orgy (.

Note: [The singular is rarely used.] Etym: [F. orgie, orgies, L. orgia, pl., Gr. Organ, and Work.]

1. A sacrifice accompanied by certain ceremonies in honor of some pagan deity; especially, the ceremonies observed by the Greeks and Romans in the worship of Dionysus, or Bacchus, which were characterized by wild and dissolute revelry. As when, with crowned cups, unto the Elian god, Those priests high orgies held. Drayton.

2. Drunken revelry; a carouse. B. Jonson. Tennyson.

ORGILLOUS Or"gil*lous, a. Etym: [OF. orguillous, F. orgueilleux, fr. OF. orgoil pride, F. orgueil.]

Defn: Proud; haughty. [Obs.] Shak.

ORGUE Orgue, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. organum organ, Gr. Organ.] (Mil.) (a) Any one of a number of long, thick pieces of timber, pointed and shod with iron, and suspended, each by a separate rope, over a gateway, to be let down in case of attack. (b) A piece of ordnance, consisting of a number of musket barrels arranged so that a match or train may connect with all their touchholes, and a discharge be secured almost or quite simultaneously.

ORGULOUS Or"gu*lous, a.

Defn: See Orgillous. [Obs.]

ORGY Or"gy, n.; pl. Orgies (.

Defn: A frantic revel; drunken revelry. See Orgies

ORGYIA Or*gy"i*a (, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.).

Defn: A genus of bombycid moths whose caterpillars (esp. those of Orgyia leucostigma) are often very injurious to fruit trees and shade trees. The female is wingless. Called also vaporer moth.

ORICALCHE Or"i*calche, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Orichalch. Costly oricalche from strange Phoenice. Spenser.

ORICHALCEOUS Or`i*chal"ce*ous, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, orichalch; having a color or luster like that of brass. Maunder.

ORICHALCH Or"i*chalch, n. Etym: [L. orichalcum, Gr. orichalque.]

Defn: A metallic substance, resembling gold in color, but inferior in value; a mixed metal of the ancients, resembling brass; -- called also aurichalcum, orichalcum, etc.

ORIEL O"ri*el, n. Etym: [OF. oriol gallery, corridor, LL. oriolum portico, hall, prob. fr. L. aureolus gilded, applied to an apartment decorated with gilding. See Oriole.] [Formerly written also oriol, oryal, oryall.]

1. A gallery for minstrels. [Obs.] W. Hamper.

2. A small apartment next a hall, where certain persons were accustomed to dine; a sort of recess. [Obs.] Cowell.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: A bay window. See Bay window. The beams that thro' the oriel shine Make prisms in every carven glass. Tennyson.

Note: There is no generally admitted difference between a bay window and an oriel. In the United States the latter name is often applied to bay windows which are small, and either polygonal or round; also, to such as are corbeled out from the wall instead of resting on the ground.

ORIENCY O"ri*en*cy, n. Etym: [See Orient.]

Defn: Brightness or strength of color. [R.] E. Waterhouse.

ORIENT O"ri*ent, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. oriens, -entis, p. pr. of oriri to rise. See Origin.]

1. Rising, as the sun. Moon, that now meet'st the orient sun. Milton.

2. Eastern; oriental. "The orient part." Hakluyt.

3. Bright; lustrous; superior; pure; perfect; pellucid; -- used of gems and also figuratively, because the most perfect jewels are found in the East. "Pearls round and orient." Jer. Taylor. "Orient gems." Wordsworth. "Orient liquor in a crystal glass." Milton.

ORIENT O"ri*ent, n.

1. The part of the horizon where the sun first appears in the morning; the east. [Morn] came furrowing all the orient into gold. Tennyson.

2. The countries of Asia or the East. Chaucer. Best built city throughout the Orient. Sir T. Herbert.

3. A pearl of great luster. [R.] Carlyle.

ORIENT O"ri*ent, v. t. Etym: [F. orienter. Cf. Orientate.]

1. To define the position of, in relation to the orient or east; hence, to ascertain the bearings of.

2. Fig.: To correct or set right by recurring to first principles; to arrange in order; to orientate.

ORIENTAL O`ri*en"tal, a. Etym: [L. orientalis: cf. F. oriental.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the orient or east; eastern; concerned with the East or Orientalism; -- opposed to occidental; as, Oriental countries. The sun's ascendant and oriental radiations. Sir T. Browne.

ORIENTAL O`ri*en"tal, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of the Orient or some Eastern part of the world; an Asiatic.

2. pl. (Eccl.)

Defn: Eastern Christians of the Greek rite.

ORIENTALISM O`ri*en"tal*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. orientalisme.]

1. Any system, doctrine, custom, expression, etc., peculiar to Oriental people.

2. Knowledge or use of Oriental languages, history, literature, etc. London Quart. Rev.

ORIENTALIST O`ri*en"tal*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. orientaliste.]

1. An inhabitant of the Eastern parts of the world; an Oriental.

2. One versed in Eastern languages, literature, etc.; as, the Paris Congress of Orientalists. Sir J. Shore.

ORIENTALITY O`ri*en*tal"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being oriental or eastern. Sir T. Browne.

ORIENTALIZE O`ri*en"tal*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Orientalized; p. pr. & vb. n. Orientalizing.]

Defn: to render Oriental; to cause to conform to Oriental manners or conditions.

ORIENTATE O"ri*en*tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Orientated; p. pr. & vb. n. Orientating.] Etym: [From Orient.]

1. To place or turn toward the east; to cause to assume an easterly direction, or to veer eastward.

2. To arrange in order; to dispose or place (a body) so as to show its relation to other bodies, or the relation of its parts among themselves. A crystal is orientated when placed in its proper position so as to exhibit its symmetry. E. S. Dana.

ORIENTATE O"ri*en*tate, v. i.

Defn: To move or turn toward the east; to veer from the north or south toward the east.

ORIENTATION O`ri*en*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. orientation.]

1. The act or process of orientating; determination of the points of the compass, or the east point, in taking bearings.

2. The tendency of a revolving body, when suspended in a certain way, to bring the axis of rotation into parallelism with the earth's axis.

3. An aspect or fronting to the east; especially (Arch.), the placing of a church so that the chancel, containing the altar toward which the congregation fronts in worship, will be on the east end.

4. Fig.: A return to first principles; an orderly arrangement. The task of orientation undertaken in this chapter. L. F. Ward.

ORIENTNESS O"ri*ent*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being orient or bright; splendor. [Obs.] Fuller.

ORIFICE Or"i*fice, n. Etym: [F., from L. orificium; os, oris, a mouth + facere to make. See Oral, and Fact.]

Defn: A mouth or aperture, as of a tube, pipe, etc.; an opening; as, the orifice of an artery or vein; the orifice of a wound. Shak. Etna was bored through the top with a monstrous orifice. Addison.

ORIFLAMB; ORIFLAMME Or"i*flamb, Or"i*flamme, n. Etym: [F. oriflamme, OF. oriflambe, LL. auriflamma; L. aurum gold + flamma flame; cf. L. flammula a little banner. So called because it was a flag of red silk, split into many points, and borne on a gilded lance.]

1. The ancient royal standard of France.

2. A standard or ensign, in battle. "A handkerchief like an oriflamb." Longfellow. And be your oriflamme to-day the helmet of Navarre. Macaulay.

ORIGAN; ORIGANUM Or"i*gan, O*rig"a*num, n. Etym: [L. origanum, Gr. Organy.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of aromatic labiate plants, including the sweet marjoram (O. Marjorana) and the wild marjoram (O. vulgare). Spenser.

ORIGENISM Or"i*gen*ism, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: The opinions of Origen of Alexandria, who lived in the 3d century, one of the most learned of the Greek Fathers. Prominent in his teaching was the doctrine that all created beings, including Satan, will ultimately be saved.

ORIGENIST Or"i*gen*ist, n.

Defn: A follower of Origen of Alexandria.

ORIGIN Or"i*gin, n. Etym: [F. origine, L. origo, -iginis, fr. oriri to rise, become visible; akin to Gr. r, and perh. to E. run.]

1. The first existence or beginning of anything; the birth. This mixed system of opinion and sentiment had its origin in the ancient chivalry. Burke.

2. That from which anything primarily proceeds; the fountain; the spring; the cause; the occasion.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: The point of attachment or end of a muscle which is fixed during contraction; -- in contradistinction to insertion. Origin of coördinate axes (Math.), the point where the axes intersect. See Note under Ordinate.

Syn. -- Commencement; rise; source; spring; fountain; derivation; cause; root; foundation. -- Origin, Source. Origin denotes the rise or commencement of a thing; source presents itself under the image of a fountain flowing forth in a continuous stream of influences. The origin of moral evil has been much disputed, but no one can doubt that it is the source of most of the calamities of our race. I think he would have set out just as he did, with the origin of ideas -- the proper starting point of a grammarian, who is to treat of their signs. Tooke. Famous Greece, That source of art and cultivated thought Which they to Rome, and Romans hither, brought. Waller.

ORIGINABLE O*rig"i*na*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being originated.

ORIGINAL O*rig"i*nal, a. Etym: [F. original, L. originalis.]

1. Pertaining to the origin or beginning; preceding all others; first in order; primitive; primary; pristine; as, the original state of man; the original laws of a country; the original inventor of a process. His form had yet not lost All her original brightness. Milton.

2. Not copied, imitated, or translated; new; fresh; genuine; as, an original thought; an original process; the original text of Scripture.

3. Having the power to suggest new thoughts or combinations of thought; inventive; as, an original genius.

4. Before unused or unknown; new; as, a book full of original matter. Original sin (Theol.), the first sin of Adam, as related to its consequences to his descendants of the human race; -- called also total depravity. See Calvinism.

ORIGINAL O*rig"i*nal, n. Etym: [Cf. F. original.]

1. Origin; commencement; source. It hath it original from much grief. Shak. And spangled heavens, a shining frame, Their great Original proclaim. Addison.

2. That which precedes all others of its class; archetype; first copy; hence, an original work of art, manuscript, text, and the like, as distinguished from a copy, translation, etc. The Scriptures may be now read in their own original. Milton.

3. An original thinker or writer; an originator. [R.] Men who are bad at copying, yet are good originals. C. G. Leland.

4. A person of marked eccentricity. [Colloq.]

5. (Zoöl. & Bot.)

Defn: The natural or wild species from which a domesticated or cultivated variety has been derived; as, the wolf is thought by some to be the original of the dog, the blackthorn the original of the plum.

ORIGINALIST O*rig"i*nal*ist, n.

Defn: One who is original. [R.]

ORIGINALITY O*rig`i*nal"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. originalité.]

Defn: The quality or state of being original. Macaulay.

ORIGINALLY O*rig"i*nal*ly, adv.

1. In the original time, or in an original manner; primarily; from the beginning or origin; not by derivation, or imitation. God is originally holy in himself. Bp. Pearson.

2. At first; at the origin; at the time of formation or costruction; as, a book originally written by another hand. "Originally a half length [portrait]." Walpole.

ORIGINALNESS O*rig"i*nal*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being original; originality. [R.] Johnson.

ORIGINANT O*rig"i*nant, a.

Defn: Originating; original. [R.] An absolutely originant act of self will. Prof. Shedd.

ORIGINARY O*rig"i*na*ry, a. Etym: [L. originarius: cf. F. originaire.]

1. Causing existence; productive. [R.] The production of animals, in the originary way, requires a certain degree of warmth. Cheyne.

2. Primitive; primary; original. [R.] The grand originary right of all rights. Hickok.

ORIGINATE O*rig"i*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Originated; p. pr. & vb. n. Originating.] Etym: [From Origin.]

Defn: To give an origin or beginning to; to cause to be; to bring into existence; to produce as new. A decomposition of the whole civill and political mass, for the purpose of originating a new civil order. Burke.

ORIGINATE O*rig"i*nate, v. i.

Defn: To take first existence; to have origin or beginning; to begin to exist or act; as, the scheme originated with the governor and council.

ORIGINATION O*rig`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. originatio.]

1. The act or process of bringing or coming into existence; first production. "The origination of the universe." Keill. What comes from spirit is a spontaneous origination. Hickok.

2. Mode of production, or bringing into being. This eruca is propagated by animal parents, to wit, butterflies, after the common origination of all caterpillars. Ray.

ORIGINATIVE O*rig"i*na*tive, a.

Defn: Having power, or tending, to originate, or bring into existence; originating. H. Bushnell. -- O*rig"i*na*tive*ly, adv.

ORIGINATOR O*rig"i*na`tor, n.

Defn: One who originates.

ORILLON O*ril"lon, n. Etym: [F., lit., a little ear, from oreille an ear, fr. L. oricula, auricula, dim. of auris an ear. See Ear.] (Fort.)

Defn: A semicircular projection made at the shoulder of a bastion for the purpose of covering the retired flank, -- found in old fortresses.

ORIOL O"ri*ol, n.

Defn: See Oriel.

ORIOLE O"ri*ole, n. Etym: [OF. oriol, oriouz, orieus, F. loriot (for l'oriol), fr. L. aureolus golden, dim. of aureus golden, fr. aurum gold. Cf. Aureole, Oriel, Loriot.] (Zoöl.) (a) Any one of various species of Old World singing birds of the family Oriolidæ. They are usually conspicuously colored with yellow and black. The European or golden oriole (Oriolus galbula, or O. oriolus) has a very musical flutelike note. (b) In America, any one of several species of the genus Icterus, belonging to the family Icteridæ. See Baltimore oriole, and Orchard oriole, under Orchard. Crested oriole. (Zoöl.) See Cassican.

ORION O*ri"on, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Astron.)

Defn: A large and bright constellation on the equator, between the stars Aldebaran and Sirius. It contains a remarkable nebula visible to the naked eye. The flaming glories of Orion's belt. E. Everett.

ORISKANY O*ris"ka*ny, a. Etym: [From Oriskany, in New York.] (Geol.)

Defn: Designating, or pertaining to, certain beds, chiefly limestone, characteristic of the latest period of the Silurian age. Oriskany period, a subdivision of the American Paleozoic system intermediate or translational in character between the Silurian and Devonian ages. See Chart of Geology.

ORISMOLOGICAL O*ris`mo*log"ic*al, a. (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to orismology.

ORISMOLOGY O`ris*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy. See Horizon.]

Defn: That departament of natural history which treats of technical terms.

ORISON Or"i*son, n. Etym: [OF. orison, oreson, oreison, F. oraison, fr. L. oratio speech, prayer. See Oration.]

Defn: A prayer; a supplication. [Poetic] Chaucer. Shak. Lowly they bowed, adoring, and began Their orisons, each morning duly paid. Milton.

ORISONT Or"i*sont, n.

Defn: Horizon. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ORK Ork, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Orc.

ORKNEYAN Ork"ney*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Orkney islands. "Orkneyan skerries." Longfellow.

ORLE Orle, n. Etym: [F. orle an orle, a fillet, fr. LL. orla border, dim. of L. ora border, margin.]

1. (Her.)

Defn: A bearing, in the form of a fillet, round the shield, within, but at some distance from, the border.

2. (Her.)

Defn: The wreath, or chaplet, surmounting or encircling the helmet of a knight and bearing the crest. In orle, round the escutcheon, leaving the middle of the field vacant, or occupied by something else; -- said of bearings arranged on the shield in the form of an orle.

ORLEANS Or"le*ans, n. Etym: [So called from the city of Orléans, in France.]

1. A cloth made of worsted and cotton, -- used for wearing apparel.

2. A variety of the plum. See under Plum. [Eng.]

ORLO Or"lo, n. Etym: [Sp.] (Mus.)

Defn: A wind instrument of music in use among the Spaniards.

ORLOP Or"lop, n. Etym: [D. overloop the upper deck, lit., a running over or overflowing, fr. overloopen to run over. See Over, and Leap, and cf. Overloop.] (Naut.)

Defn: The lowest deck of a vessel, esp. of a ship of war, consisting of a platform laid over the beams in the hold, on which the cables are coiled.

ORMAZD; AHURA-MAZDA Or"mazd or A`hu*ra-Maz"da, n. [Zend Ahuramazda.] (Zoroastrianism)

Defn: The supreme deity, the principle of good, creator of the world, and guardian of mankind. He is the opponent of Ahriman, the spirit of evil, both being sprung from Eternity, or, according to another version, Ahriman being the offspring of a moment of doubt on the part of Ormazd. Ormazd is attended by angels and archangels. He is represented as a bearded man inclosed in a winged circle, a conception probably derived from the Assyrian representations of Ashur.

ORMER Or"mer, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An abalone.

ORMOLU Or`mo*lu", n. Etym: [F. or moulu; or gold (L. aurum) + moulu, p. p. of moudre to grind, to mill, L. molere. See Aureate, and Mill.]

Defn: A variety of brass made to resemble gold by the use of less zinc and more copper in its composition than ordinary brass contains. Its golden color is often heightened by means of lacquer of some sort, or by use of acids. Called also mosaic gold. Ormolu varnish, a varnish applied to metals, as brass, to give the appearance of gold.

ORMUZD Or"muzd, n. Etym: [Zend Ahuramazda.]

Defn: The good principle, or being, of the ancient Persian religion. See Ahriman.

ORN Orn, v. t.

Defn: To ornament; to adorn. [Obs.] Joye.

ORNAMENT Or"na*ment, n. Etym: [OE. ornement, F. ornement, fr. L. ornamentum, fr. ornare to adorn.]

Defn: That which embellishes or adorns; that which adds grace or beauty; embellishment; decoration; adornment. The ornament of a meek and quiet spirit. 1 Pet. iii. 4. Like that long-buried body of the king Found lying with his urns and ornaments. Tennyson.

ORNAMENT Or"na*ment, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ornamented; p. pr. & vb. n. Ornamenting.]

Defn: To adorn; to deck; to embellish; to beautify; as, to ornament a room, or a city.

Syn. -- See Adorn.

ORNAMENTAL Or`na*men"tal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. ornemental.]

Defn: Serving to ornament; characterized by ornament; beautifying; embellishing. Some think it most ornamental to wear their bracelets on their wrists; others, about their ankles. Sir T. Browne.

ORNAMENTALLY Or`na*men"tal*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of ornament.

ORNAMENTATION Or`na*men*ta"tion, n.

1. The act or art of ornamenting, or the state of being ornamented.

2. That which ornaments; ornament. C. Kingsley.

ORNAMENTER Or"na*ment*er, n.

Defn: One who ornaments; a decorator.

ORNATE Or*nate", a. Etym: [L. ornatus, p. p. of ornare to adorn.]

1. Adorned; decorated; beautiful. "So bedecked, ornate, and gay." Milton.

2. Finely finished, as a style of composition. A graceful and ornate rhetoric. Milton.

ORNATE Or*nate", v. t.

Defn: To adorn; to honor. [R.] They may ornate and sanctify the name of God. Latimer.

ORNATELY Or*nate"ly, adv.

Defn: In an ornate manner. Sir T. More.

ORNATENESS Or*nate"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being ornate.

ORNATURE Or"na*ture, n. Etym: [L. ornatura.]

Defn: Decoration; ornamentation. [R.] Holinshed.

ORNITHIC Or*nith"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to birds; as, ornithic fossils. Owen.

ORNITHICHNITE Or`nith*ich"nite, n. Etym: [Ornitho- + Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: The footmark of a bird occurring in strata of stone. Hitchcock.

ORNITHICHNOLOGY Or`nith*ich*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Ornitho- + ichnology.] (Paleon.)

Defn: The branch of science which treats of ornithichnites. Hitchcock.

ORNITHO- Ornitho-. Etym: [Cf. Ern.]

Defn: A combining form fr. Gr.

ORNITHODELPHIA Or*ni`tho*del"phi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: Same as Monotremata. -- Or`ni*tho*del"phid, a.

ORNITHOIDICHNITE Or`ni*thoid*ich"nite, n. Etym: [Ornitho- + -oid + Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil track resembling that of a bird. Hitchcock.

ORNITHOLITE Or*nith"o*lite, n. Etym: [Ornitho- + -lite.] (Paleon.) (a) The fossil remains of a bird. (b) A stone of various colors bearing the figures of birds.

ORNITHOLOGIC; ORNITHOLOGICAL Or`ni*tho*log"ic, Or`ni*tho*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. ornithologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to ornithology.

ORNITHOLOGIST Or`ni*thol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ornithologiste.]

Defn: One skilled in ornithology; a student of ornithology; one who describes birds.

ORNITHOLOGY Or`ni*thol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Ornitho- + -logy: cf. F. ornithologie.]

1. That branch of zoölogy which treats of the natural history of birds and their classification.

2. A treatise or book on this science.

ORNITHOMANCY Or*nith"o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. ornithomancie.]

Defn: Divination by means of birds, their flight, etc. Ornithomancy grew into an elaborate science. De Quincey.

ORNITHON Or*ni"thon, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: An aviary; a poultry house. Weale.

ORNITHOPAPPI Or*ni`tho*pap"pi, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extinct order of birds. It includes only the Archæopteryx.

ORNITHOPODA Or`ni*thop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Ornitho-, and -poda.] (Paleon.)

Defn: An order of herbivorous dinosaurs with birdlike characteristics in the skeleton, esp. in the pelvis and hind legs, which in some genera had only three functional toes, and supported the body in walking as in Iguanodon. See Illust. in Appendix.

ORNITHORHYNCHUS Or`ni*tho*rhyn"chus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Duck mole, under Duck.

ORNITHOSAURIA Or*ni`tho*sau"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Ornitho-, and Sauria.] (Paleon.)

Defn: An order of extinct flying reptiles; -- called also Pterosauria.

ORNITHOSCELIDA Or*ni`tho*scel"i*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of extinct Reptilia, intermediate in structure (especially with regard to the pelvis) between reptiles and birds. -- Or`ni*tho*scel"i*dan, a.

ORNITHOSCOPY Or`ni*thos"co*py, n. Etym: [Ornitho- + -scopy: cf. Gr.

Defn: Observation of birds and their habits. [R.] De Quincey.

ORNITHOTOMICAL Or`ni*tho*tom"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to ornithotomy.

ORNITHOTOMIST Or`ni*thot"o*mist, n.

Defn: One who is skilled in ornithotomy.

ORNITHOTOMY Or`ni*thot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The anatomy or dissection of birds.

OROGRAPH Or"o*graph, n. [Gr. mountain + -graph.] (Surveying)

Defn: A machine for use in making topographical maps. It is operated by being pushed across country, and not only records distances, like the perambulator, but also elevations.

OROGRAPHIC; OROGRAPHICAL Or`o*graph"ic, Or`o*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to orography.

OROGRAPHY O*rog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]

Defn: That branch of science which treats of mountains and mountain systems; orology; as, the orography of Western Europe.

OROHELIOGRAPH Or`o*he"li*o*graph, n. [Gr. mountain + helio- + -graph.] (Photog.)

Defn: A camera for obtaining a circular panoramic view of the horizon. The photographic plate is placed horizontally with a vertical lens above. A mirror of peculiar shape reflects light from the entire horizon to the lens, by means of which it is focused upon the plate.

OROHIPPUS Or`o*hip"pus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of American Eocene mammals allied to the horse, but having four toes in front and three behind.

OROIDE O"roide, n. Etym: [F. or gold (L. aurum) + Gr.

Defn: An alloy, chiefly of copper and zinc or tin, resembling gold in color and brilliancy. [Written also oreide.]

OROLOGICAL Or`o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. orologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to orology.

OROLOGIST O*rol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in orology.

OROLOGY O*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. orologie.]

Defn: The science or description of mountains.

OROMETER O*rom"e*ter, n. [Gr. mountain + -meter.] (Meteor.)

Defn: An aneroid barometer having a second scale that gives the approximate elevation above sea level of the place where the observation is made.

OROTUND O"ro*tund`, a. Etym: [L. os, oris, the mouth + rotundus round, smooth.]

Defn: Characterized by fullness, clearness, strength, and smoothness; ringing and musical; -- said of the voice or manner of utterance. -- n.

Defn: The orotund voice or utterance Rush.

OROTUNDITY O`ro*tun"di*ty, n.

Defn: The orotund mode of intonation.

ORPHALINE Or"pha*line, n.

Defn: See Orpheline. [Obs.]

ORPHAN Or"phan, n. Etym: [L. orphanus, Gr. orbus. Cf. Orb a blank window.]

Defn: A child bereaved of both father and mother; sometimes, also, a child who has but one parent living. Orphans' court (Law), a court in some of the States of the Union, having jurisdiction over the estates and persons of orphans or other wards. Bouvier.

ORPHAN Or"phan, a.

Defn: Bereaved of parents, or (sometimes) of one parent.

ORPHAN Or"phan, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Orphaned; p. pr. & vb. n. Orphaning.]

Defn: To cause to become an orphan; to deprive of parents. Young.

ORPHANAGE Or"phan*age, n.

1. The state of being an orphan; orphanhood; orphans, collectively.

2. An institution or asylum for the care of orphans.

ORPHANCY Or"phan*cy, n.

Defn: Orphanhood. Sir P. Sidney.

ORPHANET Or"phan*et, n.

Defn: A little orphan. Drayton.

ORPHANHOOD Or"phan*hood, n.

Defn: The state or condition of being an orphan; orphanage.

ORPHANISM Or"phan*ism, n.

Defn: Orphanhood. [R.]

ORPHANOTROPHISM Or`phan*ot"ro*phism, n.

Defn: The care and support of orphans. [R.] Cotton Mather (1711).

ORPHANOTROPHY Or`phan*ot"ro*phy, n. Etym: [L. orphanotrophium, Gr.

1. A hospital for orphans. [R.] A. Chalmers.

2. The act of supporting orphans. [R.]

ORPHARION Or*pha"ri*on, n. (Mus.)

Defn: An old instrument of the lute or cittern kind. [Spelt also orpheoreon.]

ORPHEAN Or*phe"an, a. Etym: [L. Orphus, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Orpheus, the mythic poet and musician; as, Orphean strains. Cowper.

ORPHELINE Or"phe*line, n. Etym: [F. orphelin. See Orphan.]

Defn: An orphan. [Obs.] Udcll.

ORPHEUS Or"phe*us, n. Etym: [L. Orpheus, Gr. (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: The famous mythic Thracian poet, son of the Muse Calliope, and husband of Eurydice. He is reputed to have had power to entrance beasts and inanimate objects by the music of his lyre.

ORPHIC Or"phic, a. Etym: [L. Orphicus, Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to Orpheus; Orphean; as, Orphic hymns.

ORPHREY Or"phrey, n. Etym: [See Orfrays.]

Defn: A band of rich embroidery, wholly or in part of gold, affixed to vestments, especially those of ecclesiastics. Pugin.

ORPIMENT Or"pi*ment, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. auripigmentum; aurum gold + pigmentum pigment. Cf. Aureate, Pigment, Orpin, Orpine.] (Chem.)

Defn: Arsenic sesquisulphide, produced artificially as an amorphous lemonyellow powder, and occurring naturally as a yellow crystalline mineral; -- formerly called auripigment. It is used in king's yellow, in white Indian fire, and in certain technical processes, as indigo printing. Our orpiment and sublimed mercurie. Chaucer. Red orpiment, realgar; the red sulphide of arsenic. -- Yellow orpiment, king's yellow.

ORPIN Or"pin, n. Etym: [F., orpiment, also, the plant orpine. See Orpiment.]

1. A yellow pigment of various degrees of intensity, approaching also to red.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The orpine.

ORPINE Or"pine, n. Etym: [F. orpin the genus of plants which includes orpine; -- so called from the yellow blossoms of a common species (Sedum acre). See Orpiment.] (Bot.)

Defn: A low plant with fleshy leaves (Sedum telephium), having clusters of purple flowers. It is found on dry, sandy places, and on old walls, in England, and has become naturalized in America. Called also stonecrop, and live-forever. [Written also orpin.]

ORRACH Or"rach, n.

Defn: See Orach.

ORRERY Or"re*ry, n.; pl. Orreries. Etym: [So named in honor of the Earl of Orrery.]

Defn: An apparatus which illustrates, by the revolution of balls moved by wheelwork, the relative size, periodic motions, positions, orbits, etc., of bodies in the solar system.

ORRIS Or"ris, n. Etym: [Prob. corrupted from It. ireos iris. See Iris.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Iris (I. Florentina); a kind of flower-de- luce. Its rootstock has an odor resembling that of violets. Orris pea (Med.), an issue pea made from orris root. -- Orris root, the fragrant rootstock of the orris.

ORRIS Or"ris, n.

1. Etym: [Contr. from orfrays, or from arras.]

Defn: A sort of gold or silver lace. Johnson.

2. A peculiar pattern in which gold lace or silver lace is worked; especially, one in which the edges are ornamented with conical figures placed at equal distances, with spots between them.

ORSEDEW; ORSEDUE Orse"dew, Or"se*due, n.

Defn: Leaf metal of bronze; Dutch metal. See under Dutch.

ORSEILLE Or`seille", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: See Archil.

ORSELLIC Or*sel"lic, a. Etym: [From F. orseille archil. See Archil.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid found in certain lichens, and called also lecanoric acid. [Formerly written also orseillic.]

ORSELLINIC Or`sel*lin"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an organic acid obtained by a partial decomposition of orsellic acid as a white crystalline substance, and related to protocatechuic acid.

ORT Ort, n.; pl. Orts. Etym: [Akin to LG. ort, ortels, remnants of food, refuse, OFries. ort, OD. oorete, ooraete; prob. from the same prefix as in E. ordeal + a word akin to eat.]

Defn: A morsel left at a meal; a fragment; refuse; -- commonly used in the plural. Milton. Let him have time a beggar's orts to crave. Shak.

ORTALIDIAN Or`ta*lid"i*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous small two-winged flies of the family Ortalidæ. The larvæ of many of these flies live in fruit; those of others produce galls on various plants.

ORTHID Or"thid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A brachiopod shell of the genus Orthis, and allied genera, of the family Orthidæ.

ORTHIS Or"this, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extinct genus of Brachiopoda, abundant in the Paleozoic rocks.

ORTHITE Or"thite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A variety of allanite occurring in slender prismatic crystals.

ORTHO- Or"tho-. Etym: [Gr. upright, vrdh to grow, to cause to grow.]

1. A combining form signifying straight, right, upright, correct, regular; as, orthodromy, orthodiagonal, orthodox, orthographic.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A combining form (also used adjectively), designating: (a) (Inorganic Chem.) The one of several acids of the same element (as the phosphoric acids), which actually occurs with the greatest number of hydroxyl groups; as, orthophosphoric acid. Cf. Normal. (b) (Organic Chem.)

Defn: Connection with, or affinity to, one variety of isomerism, characteristic of the benzene compounds; -- contrasted with meta- or para-; as, the ortho position; hence, designating any substance showing such isomerism; as, an ortho compound.

Note: In the graphic representation of the benzene nucleus (see Benzene nucleus, under Benzene), provisionally adopted, any substance exhibiting double substitution in adjacent and contiguous carbon atoms, as 1 & 2, 3 & 4, 4 & 5, etc., is designated by ortho-; as, orthoxylene; any substance exhibiting substitution of two carbon atoms with one intervening, as 1 & 3, 2 & 4, 3 & 5, 4 & 6, etc., by meta-; as, resorcin or metaxylene; any substance exhibiting substitution in opposite parts, as 1 & 4, 2 & 5, 3 & 6, by para-; as, hydroquinone or paraxylene.

ORTHOCARBONIC Or`tho*car*bon"ic, a. Etym: [Ortho- + carbonic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Designating a complex ether, C.(OC2H5)4, which is obtained as a liquid of a pleasant ethereal odor by means of chlorpicrin, and is believed to be a derivative of the hypothetical normal carbonic acid, C.(OH)4.

ORTHOCENTER Or`tho*cen"ter, n. Etym: [Ortho- + center.] (Geom.)

Defn: That point in which the three perpendiculars let fall from the angles of a triangle upon the opposite sides, or the sides produced, mutually intersect.

ORTHOCERAS Or*thoc"e*ras, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct genus of Paleozoic Cephalopoda, having a long, straight, conical shell. The interior is divided into numerous chambers by transverse septa.

ORTHOCERATITE Or`tho*cer"a*tite, n. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An orthoceras; also, any fossil shell allied to Orthoceras.

ORTHOCLASE Or"tho*clase, n. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Min.)

Defn: Common or potash feldspar crystallizing in the monoclinic system and having two cleavages at right angles to each other. See Feldspar.

ORTHOCLASTIC Or`tho*clas"tic, a. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Breaking in directions at right angles to each other; -- said of the monoclinic feldspars.

ORTHODIAGONAL Or`tho*di*ag"o*nal, n. Etym: [Ortho- + diagonal.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: The diagonal or lateral axis in a monoclinic crystal which is at right angles with the vertical axis.

ORTHODOME Or"tho*dome, n. Etym: [Ortho- + dome.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: See the Note under Dome, 4.

ORTHODOX Or"tho*dox, a. Etym: [L. orthodoxus, Gr. orthodoxe. See Ortho-, Dogma.]

1. Sound in opinion or doctrine, especially in religious doctrine; hence, holding the Christian faith; believing the doctrines taught in the Scriptures; -- opposed to Ant: heretical and Ant: heterodox; as, an orthodox Christian.

2. According or congruous with the doctrines of Scripture, the creed of a church, the decree of a council, or the like; as, an orthodox opinion, book, etc.

3. Approved; conventional. He saluted me on both cheeks in the orthodox manner. H. R. Haweis.

Note: The term orthodox differs in its use among the various Christian communions. The Greek Church styles itself the "Holy Orthodox Apostolic Church," regarding all other bodies of Christians as more or less heterodox. The Roman Catholic Church regards the Protestant churches as heterodox in many points. In the United States the term orthodox is frequently used with reference to divergent views on the doctrine of the Trinity. Thus it has been common to speak of the Trinitarian Congregational churches in distinction from the Unitarian, as Orthodox. The name is also applied to the conservative, in distinction from the "liberal", or Hicksite, body in the Society of Friends. Schaff-Herzog Encyc.

ORTHODOXAL Or"tho*dox`al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox. [R.] Milton.

ORTHODOXALITY Or`tho*dox*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: Orthodoxness. [R.]

ORTHODOXALLY Or"tho*dox`al*ly, adv.

Defn: Orthodoxly. [R.] Milton

ORTHODOXASTICAL Or`tho*dox*as"tic*al, a.

Defn: Orthodox. [Obs.]

ORTHODOXICAL Or`tho*dox"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or evincing, orthodoxy; orthodox.

ORTHODOXLY Or"tho*dox`ly, adv.

Defn: In an orthodox manner; with soundness of faith. Sir W. Hamilton.

ORTHODOXNESS Or"tho*dox`ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being orthodox; orthodoxy. Waterland.

ORTHODOXY Or"tho*dox`y, n. Etym: [Gr. orthodoxie. See Orthodox.]

1. Soundness of faith; a belief in the doctrines taught in the Scriptures, or in some established standard of faith; -- opposed to heterodoxy or to heresy. Basil himself bears full and clear testimony to Gregory's orthodoxy. Waterland.

2. Consonance to genuine Scriptural doctrines; -- said of moral doctrines and beliefs; as, the orthodoxy of a creed.

3. By extension, said of any correct doctrine or belief.

ORTHODROMIC Or`tho*drom"ic, a. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to orthodromy.

ORTHODROMICS Or`tho*drom"ics, n.

Defn: The art of sailing in a direct course, or on the arc of a great circle, which is the shortest distance between any two points on the surface of the globe; great-circle sailing; orthodromy.

ORTHODROMY Or"tho*drom`y, n. Etym: [Cf. F. orthodromie.]

Defn: The act or art of sailing on a great circle.

ORTHOEPIC; ORTHOEPICAL Or`tho*ëp"ic, Or`tho*ëp"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to orthoëpy, or correct pronunciation. -- Or`tho*ëp"ic*al*ly, adv.

ORTHOEPIST Or"tho*ë*pist, n.

Defn: One who is skilled in orthoëpy.

ORTHOEPY Or"tho*ë*py, n. Etym: [Gr. orthoépie. See Ortho-, and Epic.]

Defn: The art of uttering words corectly; a correct pronunciation of words; also, mode of pronunciation.

ORTHOGAMY Or*thog"a*my, n. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Direct fertilization in plants, as when the pollen fertilizing the ovules comes from the stamens of the same blossom; -- opposed to heterogamy.

ORTHOGNATHIC Or`thog*nath"ic, a.

Defn: Orthognathous.

ORTHOGNATHISM Or*thog"na*thism, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The quality or state of being orthognathous. Huxley.

ORTHOGNATHOUS Or*thog"na*thous, a. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the front of the head, or the skull, nearly perpendicular, not retreating backwards above the jaws; -- opposed to Ant: prognathous. See Gnathic index, under Gnathic.

ORTHOGON Or"tho*gon, n. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. orthogone, a.] (Geom.)

Defn: A rectangular figure.

ORTHOGONAL Or*thog"o*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. orthogonal.]

Defn: Right-angled; rectangular; as, an orthogonal intersection of one curve with another. Orthogonal projection. See under Orthographic.

ORTHOGONALLY Or*thog"o*nal*ly, adv.

Defn: Perpendicularly; at right angles; as, a curve cuts a set of curves orthogonally.

ORTHOGRAPH Or"tho*graph, n. [Ortho- + -graph.] (Arch.)

Defn: An orthographic projection, sometimes partly in section, esp. of a building.

ORTHOGRAPHER Or*thog"ra*pher, n.

Defn: One versed in orthography; one who spells words correctly.

ORTHOGRAPHIC; ORTHOGRAPHICAL Or`tho*graph"ic, Or`tho*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. orthographique, L. orthographus, Gr.

1. Of or pertaining to orthography, or right spelling; also, correct in spelling; as, orthographical rules; the letter was orthographic.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to right lines or angles. Orthographic or Orthogonal, projection, that projection which is made by drawing lines, from every point to be projected, perpendicular to the plane of projection. Such a projection of the sphere represents its circles as seen in perspective by an eye supposed to be placed at an infinite distance, the plane of projection passing through the center of the sphere perpendicularly to the line of sight.

ORTHOGRAPHICALLY Or`tho*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an orthographical manner: (a) according to the rules of proper spelling; (b) according to orthographic projection.

ORTHOGRAPHIST Or*thog"ra*phist, n.

Defn: One who spells words correctly; an orthographer.

ORTHOGRAPHIZE Or*thog"ra*phize, v. t.

Defn: To spell correctly or according to usage; to correct in regard to spelling. In the coalesced into ith, which modern reaction has orthographized to i' th'. Earle.

ORTHOGRAPHY Or*thog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [OE. ortographie, OF. orthographie, L. orthographia, Gr. Ortho-, and Graphic.]

1. The art or practice of writing words with the proper letters, according to standard usage; conventionally correct spelling; also, mode of spelling; as, his orthography is vicious. When spelling no longer follows the pronunciation, but is hardened into orthography. Earle.

2. The part of grammar which treats of the letters, and of the art of spelling words correctly.

3. A drawing in correct projection, especially an elevation or a vertical section.

ORTHOLOGY Or*thol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. orthologie.]

Defn: The right description of things. [R.] Fotherby.

ORTHOMETRIC Or`tho*met"ric, a. Etym: [See Orthometry.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: Having the axes at right angles to one another; -- said of crystals or crystalline forms.

ORTHOMETRY Or*thom"e*try, n. Etym: [Ortho- + -metry.]

Defn: The art or practice of constructing verses correctly; the laws of correct versification.

ORTHOMORPHIC Or`tho*mor"phic, a. Etym: [Ortho- + morphic.] (Geom.)

Defn: Having the right form. Orthomorphic projection, a projection in which the angles in the figure to be projected are equal to the corresponding angles in the projected figure.

ORTHOPEDIC; ORTHOPEDICAL Or`tho*ped"ic, Or`tho*ped"ic*al, a. (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or employed in, orthopedy; relating to the prevention or cure of deformities of children, or, in general, of the human body at any age; as, orthopedic surgery; an orthopedic hospital.

ORTHOPEDIST Or*thop"e*dist, n. (Med.)

Defn: One who prevents, cures, or remedies deformities, esp. in children.

ORTHOPEDY Or*thop"e*dy, n. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The art or practice of curing the deformities of children, or, by extension, any deformities of the human body.

ORTHOPHONY Or*thoph"o*ny, n. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr.

Defn: The art of correct articulation; voice training.

ORTHOPINACOID Or`tho*pin"a*coid, n. Etym: [Ortho- + pinacoid.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: A name given to the two planes in the monoclinic system which are parallel to the vertical and orthodiagonal axes.

ORTHOPNOEA; ORTHOPNY Or`thop*noe"a, Or*thop"ny, n. Etym: [L. orthopnoea, Gr. orthopnée.] (Med.)

Defn: Specifically, a morbid condition in which respiration can be performed only in an erect posture; by extension, any difficulty of breathing.

ORTHOPODA Or*thop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Ortho-, and -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extinct order of reptiles which stood erect on the hind legs, and resembled birds in the structure of the feet, pelvis, and other parts.

ORTHOPRAXY Or"tho*prax`y, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The treatment of deformities in the human body by mechanical appliances.

ORTHOPTERA Or*thop"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of mandibulate insects including grasshoppers, locusts, cockroaches, etc. See Illust. under Insect.

Note: The anterior wings are usually thickened and protect the posterior wings, which are larger and fold longitudinally like a fan. The Orthoptera undergo no metamorphosis.

ORTHOPTERAN Or*thop"ter*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Orthoptera.

ORTHOPTEROUS Or*thop"ter*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Orthoptera.

ORTHORHOMBIC Or`tho*rhom"bic, a. Etym: [Ortho- + rhombic.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: Noting the system of crystallization which has three unequal axes at right angles to each other; trimetric. See Crystallization.

ORTHOSCOPE Or"tho*scope, n. Etym: [Ortho- + -scope.] (Physyol.)

Defn: An instrument designed to show the condition of the superficial portions of the eye.

ORTHOSCOPIC Or`tho*scop"ic, a. (Opt.)

Defn: Giving an image in correct or normal proportions; giving a flat field of view; as, an orthoscopic eyepiece.

ORTHOSILICIC Or`tho*si*lic"ic, a. Etym: [Ortho- + silicic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Designating the form of silicic acid having the normal or highest number of hydroxyl groups.

ORTHOSPERMOUS Or`tho*sper"mous, a. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the seeds straight, as in the fruits of some umbelliferous plants; -- opposed to coelospermous. Darwin.

ORTHOSTADE Or"tho*stade, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anc. Costume)

Defn: A chiton, or loose, ungirded tunic, falling in straight folds.

ORTHOSTICHY Or*thos"ti*chy, n.; pl. Orthostichies. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A longitudinal rank, or row, of leaves along a stem.

ORTHOTOMIC Or`tho*tom"ic, a. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Geom.)

Defn: Cutting at right angles. Orthotomic circle (Geom.), that circle which cuts three given circles at right angles.

ORTHOTOMOUS Or*thot"o*mous, a. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Having two cleavages at right angles with one another.

ORTHOTOMY Or*thot"o*my, n. (Geom.)

Defn: The property of cutting at right angles.

ORTHOTONE Or"tho*tone, a. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. (Gr. Gram.)

Defn: Retaining the accent; not enclitic; -- said of certain indefinite pronouns and adverbs when used interrogatively, which, when not so used, are ordinarilly enclitic.

ORTHOTROPAL; ORTHOTROPOUS Or*thot"ro*pal, Or*thot"ro*pous, a. Etym: [Ortho- + Gr. orthotrope.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the axis of an ovule or seed straight from the hilum and chalaza to the orifice or the micropyle; atropous.

Note: This word has also been used (but improperly) to describe any embryo whose radicle points towards, or is next to, the hilum.

ORTHOTROPIC Or`tho*trop"ic, a. Etym: [See Orthotropal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the longer axis vertical; -- said of erect stems. Encyc. Brit.

ORTHOXYLENE Or`tho*xy"lene, n. Etym: [Ortho- + xylene.] (Chem.)

Defn: That variety of xylene in which the two methyl groups are in the ortho position; a colorless, liquid, combustible hydrocarbon resembling benzene.

ORTIVE Or"tive, a. Etym: [L. ortivus, fr. oriri, ortus, to rise: cf. F. ortive.]

Defn: Of or relating to the time or act of rising; eastern; as, the ortive amplitude of a planet.

ORTOLAN Or"to*lan, n. Etym: [F., fr. It. ortolano ortolan, gardener, fr. L. hortulanus gardener, fr. hortulus, dim. of hortus garden. So called because it frequents the hedges of gardens. See Yard an inclosure, and cf. Hortulan.] (Zoöl.) (a) A European singing bird (Emberiza hortulana), about the size of the lark, with black wings. It is esteemed delicious food when fattened. Called also bunting. (b) In England, the wheatear (Saxicola oenanthe). (c) In America, the sora, or Carolina rail (Porzana Carolina). See Sora.

ORTYGAN Or"ty*gan, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of several species of East Indian birds of the genera Ortygis and Hemipodius. They resemble quails, but lack the hind toe. See Turnix.

ORVAL Or"val, n. Etym: [F. orvale.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of sage (Salvia Horminum).

ORVET Or`vet", n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The blindworm.

ORVIETAN Or`vi*e"tan, n. Etym: [F. orviétan: cf. It. orvietano. So called because invented at Orvieto, in Italy.]

Defn: A kind of antidote for poisons; a counter poison formerly in vogue. [Obs.]

-ORY -o*ry. Etym: [L. -orius: cf. F. -oire.]

1. An adjective suffix meaning of or pertaining to, serving for; as in auditory, pertaining to or serving for hearing; prohibitory, amendatory, etc.

2. Etym: [L. -orium: cf. F. -oire.]

Defn: A noun suffix denoting that which pertains to, or serves for; as in ambulatory, that which serves for walking; consistory, factory, etc.

ORYAL; ORYALL O"ry*al, O"ry*all, n.

Defn: See Oriel.

ORYCTERE Or"yc*tere, n. Etym: [Gr. oryctère.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The aard-vark.

ORYCTEROPE O*ryc"ter*ope, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Oryctere.

ORYCTOGNOSY Or`yc*tog"no*sy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Mineralogy. [Obs.] -- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic, a. -- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic*al, a. [Obs.] -- Or`yc*tog*nos"tic*al*ly, adv. [Obs.]

ORYCTOGRAPHY Or`yc*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]

Defn: Description of fossils. [Obs.]

ORYCTOLOGICAL Or`yc*to*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. oryctologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to oryctology. [Obs.]

ORYCTOLOGIST Or`yc*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in oryctology. [Obs.]

ORYCTOLOGY Or`yc*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. oryctologie.]

1. An old name for paleontology.

2. An old name for mineralogy and geology.

ORYX O"ryx, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of African antelopes which includes the gemsbok, the leucoryx, the bisa antelope (O. beisa), and the beatrix antelope (O. beatrix) of Arabia.

ORYZA O*ry"za, n. Etym: [L., rice, Gr. Rice.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of grasses including the rice plant; rice.

OS Os, n.; pl. Ossa. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A bone.

OS Os, n.; pl. Ora. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A mouth; an opening; an entrance.

OS Os, n.; pl. Osar. Etym: [Sw. ås ridge, chain of hills, pl. åsar.] (Geol.)

Defn: One of the ridges of sand or gravel found in Sweden, etc., supposed by some to be of marine origin, but probably formed by subglacial waters. The osar are similar to the kames of Scotland and the eschars of Ireland. See Eschar.

OSAGE ORANGE O"sage or"ange. (Bot.)

Defn: An ornamental tree of the genus Maclura (M. aurantiaca), closely allied to the mulberry (Morus); also, its fruit. The tree was first found in the country of the Osage Indians, and bears a hard and inedible fruit of an orangelike appearance. See Bois d'arc.

OSAGES O*sa"ges, n. pl.; sing. Osage (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of southern Sioux Indians, now living in the Indian Territory.

OSANNE O*san"ne, n.

Defn: Hosanna. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OSAR O"sar, n. pl. (Geol.)

Defn: See 3d Os.

OSCAN Os"can, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Osci, a primitive people of Campania, a province of ancient Italy. -- n.

Defn: The language of the Osci.

OSCILLANCY Os"cil*lan*cy, n.

Defn: The state of oscillating; a seesaw kind of motion. [R.]

OSCILLARIA Os`cil*la"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. oscillare to swing.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of dark green, or purplish black, filamentous, fresh- water algæ, the threads of which have an automatic swaying or crawling motion. Called also Oscillatoria.

OSCILLATE Os"cil*late, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Oscillated; p. pr. & vb. n. Oscillating.] Etym: [L. oscillare to swing, fr. oscillum a swing, a little mask or puppet made to be hung from trees and swing in the wind, prob. orig., a little mouth, a dim. from os mouth. See Oral, and cf. Osculate.]

1. To move backward and forward; to vibrate like a pendulum; to swing; to sway.

2. To vary or fluctuate between fixed limits; to act or move in a fickle or fluctuating manner; to change repeatedly, back and forth. The amount of superior families oscillates rather than changes, that is, it fluctuates within fixed limits. Dc Quincey.

OSCILLATING Os"cil*la`ting, a.

Defn: That oscillates; vibrating; swinging. Oscillating engine, a steam engine whose cylinder oscillates on trunnions instead of being permanently fixed in a perpendicular or other direction. Weale.

OSCILLATING CURRENT Os"cil*lat`ing current. (Elec.)

Defn: A current alternating in direction.

OSCILLATION Os`cil*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. oscillatio a swinging.]

1. The act of oscillating; a swinging or moving backward and forward, like a pendulum; vibration.

2. Fluctuation; variation; change back and forth. His mind oscillated, undoubtedly; but the extreme points of the oscillation were not very remote. Macaulay. Axis of oscillation, Center of oscillation. See under Axis, and Center.

OSCILLATIVE Os"cil*la*tive, a.

Defn: Tending to oscillate; vibratory. [R.] I. Taylor.

OSCILLATOR Os"cil*la`tor, n. One that oscillates; specif.: (a) (Elec.)

Defn: Any device for producing electric oscillations; esp., an apparatus for generating electric waves in a system of wireless telegraphy. (b) (Mech.) An instrument for measuring rigidity by the torsional oscillations of a weighted wire.

OSCILLATORIA Os`cil*la*to"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Oscillatory.] (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Oscillaria.

OSCILLATORY Os"cil*la*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. oscillatoire. See Oscillate.]

Defn: Moving, or characterized by motion, backward and forward like a pendulum; swinging; oscillating; vibratory; as, oscillatory motion.

OSCILLOGRAM Os"cil*lo*gram, n. [L. oscillare + -gram.] (Elec.)

Defn: An autographic record made by an oscillograph.

OSCILLOGRAPH Os"cil*lo*graph, n. [L. oscillare to swing + -graph.] (Elec.)

Defn: An apparatus for recording or indicating alternating-current wave forms or other electrical oscillations, usually consisting of a galvanometer with strong field, in which the mass of the moving part is very small and frequency of vibration very high. -- Os`cil*lo*graph"ic (#), a.

OSCILLOMETER Os`cil*lom"e*ter, n. [L. oscillare to swing + -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the angle through which a ship rolls or pitches at sea.

OSCILLOSCOPE Os*cil"lo*scope, n. [L. oscillare to swing + -scope.] (Elec.)

Defn: An instrument for showing visually the changes in a varying current; an oscillograph.

OSCINE Os"cine, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Relating to the Oscines.

OSCINES Os"ci*nes, n. pl. Etym: [L. oscen, -inis.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Singing birds; a group of the Passeres, having numerous syringeal muscles, conferring musical ability.

OSCINIAN Os*cin"i*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Oscines, or singing birds.

OSCINIAN Os*cin"i*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of numerous species of dipterous files of the family Oscinidæ.

Note: Some, whose larvæ live in the stalks, are very destructive to barley, wheat, and rye; others, as the barley fly (Oscinis frit), destroy the heads of grain.

OSCININE Os"ci*nine, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Oscines.

OSCITANCY Os"ci*tan*cy, n. Etym: [See Oscitant.]

1. The act of gaping or yawning.

2. Drowsiness; dullness; sluggishness. Hallam. It might proceed from the oscitancy of transcribers. Addison.

OSCITANT Os"ci*tant, a. Etym: [L. oscitans, -antis, p. pr. of oscitare: cf. F. oscitant.]

1. Yawning; gaping.

2. Sleepy; drowsy; dull; sluggish; careless. He must not be oscitant, but intent on his charge. Barrow.

OSCITANTLY Os"ci*tant*ly, adv.

Defn: In an oscitant manner.

OSCITATE Os"ci*tate, v. i. Etym: [L. oscitare; os the mouth + citare, v. intens. fr. ciere to move.]

Defn: To gape; to yawn.

OSCITATION Os`ci*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. oscitatio: cf. F. oscitation.]

Defn: The act of yawning or gaping. Addison.

OSCULANT Os"cu*lant, a. Etym: [L. osculans, -antis, p. pr. of osculari to kiss. See Osculate.]

1. Kissing; hence, meeting; clinging.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Adhering closely; embracing; -- applied to certain creeping animals, as caterpillars.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: Intermediate in character, or on the border, between two genera, groups, families, etc., of animals or plants, and partaking somewhat of the characters of each, thus forming a connecting link; interosculant; as, the genera by which two families approximate are called osculant genera.

OSCULATE Os"cu*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Osculated; p. pr. & vb. n. Osculating.] Etym: [L. osculatus, p. p. of osculari to kiss, fr. osculum a little mouth, a kiss, dim. of os mouth. See Oral, and cf. Oscillate.]

1. To kiss.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: To touch closely, so as to have a common curvature at the point of contact. See Osculation, 2.

OSCULATE Os"cu*late, v. i.

1. To kiss one another; to kiss.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: To touch closely. See Osculation, 2.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: To have characters in common with two genera or families, so as to form a connecting link between them; to interosculate. See Osculant.

OSCULATION Os`cu*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. osculatio a kissing: cf. F. osculation.]

1. The act of kissing; a kiss.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: The contact of one curve with another, when the number of consecutive points of the latter through which the former passes suffices for the complete determination of the former curve. Brande & C.

OSCULATORY Os"cu*la*to*ry, a.

1. Of or pertaining to kissing; kissing. "The osculatory ceremony." Thackeray.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or having the properties of, an osculatrix; capable of osculation; as, a circle may be osculatory with a curve, at a given point. Osculatory circle. (Geom.) See Osculating circle of a curve, under Circle. -- Osculatory plane (to a curve of double curvature), a plane which passes through three successive points of the curve. -- Osculatory sphere (to a line of double curvature), a sphere passing through four consecutive points of the curve.

OSCULATORY Os"cu*la*to*ry, n. Etym: [LL. osculatorium. See Osculate.] (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: Same as Pax, 2.

OSCULATRIX Os`cu*la"trix, n.; pl. Osculatrixes. Etym: [NL.] (Geom.)

Defn: A curve whose contact with a given curve, at a given point, is of a higher order (or involves the equality of a greater number of successive differential coefficients of the ordinates of the curves taken at that point) than that of any other curve of the same kind.

OSCULE Os"cule, n. Etym: [Cf. F. oscule. See Osculum.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the excurrent apertures of sponges.

OSCULUM Os"cu*lum, n.; pl. Oscula. Etym: [L., a little mouth.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Oscule.

-OSE -ose. Etym: [L. -osus: cf. F. -ose. Cf. -ous.]

1. A suffix denoting full of, containing, having the qualities of, like; as in verbose, full of words; pilose, hairy; globose, like a globe.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A suffix indicating that the substance to the name of wich it is affixed is a member of the carbohydrate group; as in cellulose, sucrose, dextrose, etc.

OSIER O"sier, n. Etym: [F. osier: cf. Prov. F. oisis, Armor. ozil, aozil, Gr. vitex, and E. withy.] (Bot.) (a) A kind of willow (Salix viminalis) growing in wet places in Europe and Asia, and introduced into North America. It is considered the best of the willows for basket work. The name is sometimes given to any kind of willow. (b) One of the long, pliable twigs of this plant, or of other somilar plants. The rank of osiers by the murmuring stream. Shak. Osier bed, or Osier holt, a place where willows are grown for basket making. [Eng.] -- Red osier. (a) A kind of willow with reddish twigs (Salix rubra). (b) An American shrub (Cornus stolonifera) which has slender red branches; -- also called osier cornel.

OSIER O"sier, a.

Defn: Made of osiers; composed of, or containing, osiers. "This osier cage of ours." Shak.

OSIERED O"siered, a.

Defn: Covered or adorned with osiers; as, osiered banks. [Poetic] Collins.

OSIERY O"sier*y, n.

Defn: An osier bed.

OSIRIS O*si"ris, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Myth.)

Defn: One of the principal divinities of Egypt, the brother and husband of Isis. He was figured as a mummy wearing the royal cap of Upper Egypt, and was symbolized by the sacred bull, called Apis. Cf. Serapis. -- O*sir"i*an, a.

OSMANLI Os"man*li, n.; pl. Osmanlis. Etym: [So called from Osman. See Ottoman.]

Defn: A Turkish official; one of the dominant tribe of Turks; loosely, any Turk.

OSMATE Os"mate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of osmic acid. [Formerly written also osmiate.]

OSMATERIUM Os`ma*te"ri*um, n.; pl. Osmateria. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a pair of scent organs which the larvæ of certain butterflies emit from the first body segment, either above or below.

OSMAZOME Os"ma*zome, n. Etym: [Gr. osmazôme.] (Old Chem.)

Defn: A substance formerly supposed to give to soup and broth their characteristic odor, and probably consisting of one or several of the class of nitrogenous substances which are called extractives.

OSMIAMATE Os`mi*am"ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of osmiamic acid.

OSMIAMIC Os`mi*am"ic, a. Etym: [Osmium + amido.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or designating, a nitrogenous acid of osmium, H2N2Os2O5, forming a well-known series of yellow salts.

OSMIC Os"mic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, osmium; specifically, designating those compounds in which it has a valence higher than in other lower compounds; as, osmic oxide. Osmic acid. (Chem.) (a) Osmic tetroxide. [Obs.] (b) Osmic acid proper, an acid analogous to sulphuric acid, not known in the free state, but forming a well-known and stable series of salts (osmates), which were formerly improperly called osmites. -- Osmic tetroxide (Chem.), a white volatile crystalline substance, OsO4, the most stable and characteristic of the compounds of osmium. It has a burning taste, and gives off a vapor, which is a powerful irritant poison, violently attacking the eyes, and emitting a strong chlorinelike odor. Formerly improperly called osmic acid.

OSMIDROSIS Os`mi*dro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The secretion of fetid sweat.

OSMIOUS Os"mi*ous, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Denoting those compounds of osmium in which the element has a valence relatively lower than in the osmic compounds; as, osmious chloride. [Written also osmous.] Osmious acid (Chem.), an acid derived from osmium, analogous to sulphurous acid, and forming unstable salts. It is a brown amorphous substance.

OSMITE Os"mite, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of osmious acid.

OSMIUM Os"mi*um, n. Etym: [Gr. Odor.] (Chem.)

Defn: A rare metallic element of the platinum group, found native as an alloy in platinum ore, and in iridosmine. It is a hard, infusible, bluish or grayish white metal, and the heaviest substance known. Its tetroxide is used in histological experiments to stain tissues. Symbol Os. Atomic weight 191.1. Specific gravity 22.477.

OSMOGENE Os"mo*gene, n. [Osmose + root of Gr. race.]

Defn: An apparatus, consisting of a number of cells whose sides are of parchment paper, for conducting the process of osmosis. It is used esp. in sugar refining to remove potassium salts from the molasses.

OSMOGRAPH Os"mo*graph, n. [Osmose + -graph.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for recording the height of the liquid in an endosmometer or for registering osmotic pressures.

OSMOMETER Os*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the amount of osmotic action in different liquids.

OSMOMETRY Os*mom"e*try, n. (Physics)

Defn: The study of osmose by means of the osmometer.

OSMOSE Os"mose, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chemical Physics) (a) The tendency in fluids to mix, or become equably diffused, when in contact. It was first observed between fluids of differing densities, and as taking place through a membrane or an intervening porous structure. The more rapid flow from the thinner to the thicker fluid was then called endosmose, and the opposite, slower current, exosmose. Both are, however, results of the same force. Osmose may be regarded as a form of molecular attraction, allied to that of adhesion. (b) The action produced by this tendency. Electric osmose, or Electric endosmose (Elec.), the transportation of a liquid through a porous septum by the action of an electric current.

OSMOSIS Os*mo"sis, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Osmose.

OSMOTIC Os*mot"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or having the property of, osmose; as, osmotic force.

OSMUND Os"mund, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A fern of the genus Osmunda, or flowering fern. The most remarkable species is the osmund royal, or royal fern (Osmunda regalis), which grows in wet or boggy places, and has large bipinnate fronds, often with a panicle of capsules at the top. The rootstock contains much starch, and has been used in stiffening linen.

OSNABURG Os"na*burg, n.

Defn: A species of coarse linen, originally made in Osnaburg, Germany.

OSO-BERRY O"so-ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The small, blueblack, drupelike fruit of the Nuttallia cerasiformis, a shrub of Oregon and California, belonging to the Cherry tribe of Rosaceæ.

OSPHRADIUM Os*phra"di*um, n.; pl. Osphradia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The olfactory organ of some Mollusca. It is connected with the organ of respiration.

OSPREY; OSPRAY Os"prey, Os"pray, n. Etym: [Through OF. fr. L. ossifraga (orig., the bone breaker); prob. influenced by oripelargus (mountain stork, a kind of eagle, Gr. orpres, and F. orfraie. See Ossifrage.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The fishhawk.

OSS Oss, v. i. Etym: [See Osse, n.]

Defn: To prophesy; to presage. [R. & Obs.] R. Edgeworth.

OSSE Osse, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A prophetic or ominous utterance. [R. & Obs.] Holland.

OSSEAN Os"se*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish having a bony skeleton; a teleost.

OSSEIN Os"se*in, n. Etym: [L. os bone.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The organic basis of bone tissue; the residue after removal of the mineral matters from bone by dilute acid; in embryonic tissue, the substance in which the mineral salts are deposited to form bone; -- called also ostein. Chemically it is the same as collagen.

OSSELET Os"se*let, n. Etym: [F.]

1. A little bone.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The internal bone, or shell, of a cuttlefish.

OSSEOUS Os"se*ous, a. Etym: [L. osseus, from os, ossis bone; akin to Gr. asthi. Cf. Oyster.]

Defn: Composed of bone; resembling bone; capable of forming bone; bony; ossific.

OSSETER Os"se*ter, n. Etym: [Russ, osetr' sturgeon.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of sturgeon.

OSSIANIC Os`si*an"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to, or characteristic of, Ossian, a legendary Erse or Celtic bard. The compositions might be fairly classed as Ossianic. G. Eliot.

OSSICLE Os"si*cle, n. Etym: [L. ossiculum, dim. of os, ossis, a bone.]

1. A little bone; as, the auditory ossicles in the tympanum of the ear.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of numerous small calcareous structures forming the skeleton of certain echinoderms, as the starfishes.

OSSICULATED Os*sic"u*la`ted, a.

Defn: Having small bones.

OSSICULUM Os*sic"u*lum, n.; pl. Ossicula. Etym: [L., a little bone.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Ossicle.

OSSIFEROUS Os*sif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. os, ossis, a bone + -ferous: cf. F. ossifère.]

Defn: Containing or yielding bone.

OSSIFIC Os*sif"ic, a. Etym: [L. os, ossis, bone + facere to make: cf. F. ossifique. See Fact.]

Defn: Capable of producing bone; having the power to change cartilage or other tissue into bone.

OSSIFICATION Os`si*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ossification. See Ossify.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: The formation of bone; the process, in the growth of an animal, by which inorganic material (mainly lime salts) is deposited in cartilage or membrane, forming bony tissue; ostosis.

Note: Besides the natural ossification of growing tissue, there is the so-called accidental ossification which sometimes follows certain abnormal conditions, as in the ossification of an artery.

2. The state of being changed into a bony substance; also, a mass or point of ossified tissue.

OSSIFIED Os"si*fied, a.

Defn: Changed to bone or something resembling bone; hardened by deposits of mineral matter of any kind; -- said of tissues.

OSSIFRAGE Os"si*frage, n. Etym: [L. ossifraga, ossifragus, osprey, fr. ossifragus bone breaking; os, ossis, a bone + frangere, fractum, to break. See Osseous, Break, and cf. Osprey, Ossifragous.] (Zoöl.) (a) The lammergeir. (b) The young of the sea eagle or bald eagle. [Obs.]

OSSIFRAGOUS Os*sif"ra*gous, a. Etym: [L. ossifragus. See Ossifrage.]

Defn: Serving to break bones; bone-breaking.

OSSIFY Os"si*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ossified; p. pr. & vb. n. Ossifying.] Etym: [L. os, ossis, bone + -fy: cf. F. ossifier. See Osseous.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: To form into bone; to change from a soft animal substance into bone, as by the deposition of lime salts.

2. Fig.: To harden; as, to ossify the heart. Ruskin.

OSSIFY Os"si*fy, v. i. (Physiol.)

Defn: To become bone; to change from a soft tissue to a hard bony tissue.

OSSIFYING Os"si*fy`ing, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Changing into bone; becoming bone; as, the ossifying process.

OSSIVOROUS Os*siv"o*rous, a. Etym: [L. os, ossis, bone + vorare to devour: cf. F. ossivore.]

Defn: Feeding on bones; eating bones; as, ossivorous quadrupeds. Derham.

OSSPRINGER Os"spring*er, n.

Defn: The osprey. [R.]

OSSUARIUM Os`su*a"ri*um, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A charnel house; an ossuary. Walpole.

OSSUARY Os"su*a*ry, n.; pl. -ries. Etym: [L. ossuarium, fr. ossuarius of or bones, fr. os, ossis, bone: cf. F. ossuaire.]

Defn: A place where the bones of the dead are deposited; a charnel house. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

OST Ost, n.

Defn: See Oast.

OSTEAL Os"te*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Osseous.

OSTEIN Os"te*in, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Ossein.

OSTEITIS Os`te*i"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Osteo-, and -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of bone.

OSTELER Os"tel*er, n.

Defn: Same as Hosteler. Wyclif.

OSTEND Os*tend", v. t. Etym: [L. ostendere to show.]

Defn: To exhibit; to manifest. [Obs.] Mercy to mean offenders we'll ostend. J. Webster.

OSTENSIBILITY Os*ten`si*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being ostensible.

OSTENSIBLE Os*ten"si*ble, a. Etym: [From L. ostensus, p. p. of ostendere to show, prop., to stretch out before; fr. prefix obs- (old form of ob-) + tendere to stretch. See Tend.]

1. Capable of being shown; proper or intended to be shown. [R.] Walpole.

2. Shown; exhibited; declared; avowed; professed; apparent; -- often used as opposed to real or actual; as, an ostensible reason, motive, or aim. D. Ramsay.

OSTENSIBLY Os*ten"si*bly, adv.

Defn: In an ostensible manner; avowedly; professedly; apparently. Walsh. Ostensibly, we were intended to prevent filibustering into Texas, but really as a menace to Mexico. U. S. Grant.

OSTENSION Os*ten"sion, n. Etym: [L. ostensio a showing: cf. F. ostension. See Ostend.] (Eccl.)

Defn: The showing of the sacrament on the altar in order that it may receive the adoration of the communicants.

OSTENSIVE Os*ten"sive, a.

Defn: Showing; exhibiting. Ostensive demonstration (Math.), a direct or positive demonstration, as opposed to the apagogical or indirect method.

OSTENSIVELY Os*ten"sive*ly, adv.

Defn: In an ostensive manner.

OSTENSORIUM; OSTENSORY Os`ten*so"ri*um, Os*ten"so*ry, n.; pl. L. -soria, E. -sories. Etym: [NL. ostensorium: cf. F. ostensoir. See Ostensible.] (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: Same as Monstrance.

OSTENT Os"tent, n. Etym: [L. ostentus, ostentum, fr. ostendere (p. p. ostensus and ostentus) to show. See Ostensible.]

1. Appearance; air; mien. Shak.

2. Manifestation; token; portent. Dryden. We asked of God that some ostent might clear Our cloudy business, who gave us sign. Chapman.

OSTENTATE Os"ten*tate, v. t. Etym: [L. ostentatus, p. p. of ostentare, v. intens. fr. ostendere. See Ostent.]

Defn: To make an ambitious display of; to show or exhibit boastingly. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

OSTENTATION Os`ten*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. ostentatio: cf. F. ostentation.]

1. The act of ostentating or of making an ambitious display; unnecessary show; pretentious parade; -- usually in a detractive sense. "Much ostentation vain of fleshly arm." Milton. He knew that good and bountiful minds were sometimes inclined to ostentation. Atterbury.

2. A show or spectacle. [Obs.] Shak.

Syn. -- Parade; pageantry; show; pomp; pompousness; vaunting; boasting. See Parade.

OSTENTATIOUS Os`ten*ta"tious, a.

Defn: Fond of, or evincing, ostentation; unduly conspicuous; pretentious; boastful. Far from being ostentatious of the good you do. Dryden. The ostentatious professions of many years. Macaulay. -- Os`ten*ta"tious*ly, adv. -- Os`ten*ta"tious*ness, n.

OSTENTATOR Os"ten*ta`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One fond of display; a boaster. Sherwood.

OSTENTIVE Os*ten"tive, a.

Defn: Ostentatious. [Obs.]

OSTENTOUS Os*ten"tous, a.

Defn: Ostentatious. [Obs.] Feltham.

OSTEO- Os"te*o-.

Defn: A combining form of Gr. a bone.

OSTEOBLAST Os"te*o*blast, n. Etym: [Osteo- + -blast.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the protoplasmic cells which occur in the osteogenetic layer of the periosteum, and from or around which the matrix of the bone is developed; an osteoplast.

OSTEOCLASIS Os`te*o*cla"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Osteoclast.] (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of breaking a bone in order to correct deformity.

OSTEOCLAST Os"te*o*clast, n. Etym: [Osteo- + Gr.

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: A myeloplax.

Note: The osteoclasts occur usually in pits or cavities which they appear to have excavated, and are supposed to be concerned in the absorption of the bone matrix.

2. An instrument for performing osteoclasis.

OSTEOCOLLA Os`te*o*col"la, n. Etym: [Osteo- + Gr.

1. A kind of glue obtained from bones. Ure.

2. A cellular calc tufa, which in some places forms incrustations on the stems of plants, -- formerly supposed to have the quality of uniting fractured bones.

OSTEOCOMMA Os`te*o*com"ma, n.; pl. L. Osteocommata, E. Osteocommas. Etym: [NL. See Osteo-, and Comma.] (Anat.)

Defn: A metamere of the vertebrate skeleton; an osteomere; a vertebra. Owen.

OSTEOCOPE Os"te*o*cope, n. Etym: [Gr. ostéocope.] (Med.)

Defn: Pain in the bones; a violent fixed pain in any part of a bone. -- Os`te*o*cop"ic, a.

OSTEOCRANIUM Os`te*o*cra"ni*um, n. Etym: [Osteo- + cranium.] (Anat.)

Defn: The bony cranium, as distinguished from the cartilaginous cranium.

OSTEODENTINE Os`te*o*den"tine, n. Etym: [Osteo- + denite.] (Anat.)

Defn: A hard substance, somewhat like bone, which is sometimes deposited within the pulp cavity of teeth.

OSTEOGEN Os"te*o*gen, n. Etym: [Osteo- + -gen.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The soft tissue, or substance, which, in developing bone, ultimately undergoes ossification.

OSTEOGENESIS; OSTEOGENY Os`te*o*gen"e*sis, Os`te*og"e*ny, n. Etym: [Osteo- + genesis, or the root of Gr. ostéogénie.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The formation or growth of bone.

OSTEOGENETIC Os`te*o*ge*net"ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Connected with osteogenesis, or the formation of bone; producing bone; as, osteogenetic tissue; the osteogenetic layer of the periosteum.

OSTEOGENIC Os`te*o*gen"ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Osteogenetic.

OSTEOGRAPHER Os`te*og"ra*pher, n.

Defn: An osteologist.

OSTEOGRAPHY Os`te*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Osteo- + -graphy.]

Defn: The description of bones; osteology.

OSTEOID Os"te*oid, a. Etym: [Osteo- + -oid: cf. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Resembling bone; bonelike.

OSTEOLITE Os"te*o*lite, n. Etym: [Osteo- + -lite.] (Min.)

Defn: A massive impure apatite, or calcium phosphate.

OSTEOLOGER Os`te*ol"o*ger, n.

Defn: One versed in osteology; an osteologist.

OSTEOLOGIC; OSTEOLOGICAL Os`te*o*log"ic, Os`te*o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. ostéologique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to osteology. -- Os`te*o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

OSTEOLOGIST Os`te*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who is skilled in osteology; an osteologer.

OSTEOLOGY Os`te*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Osteo- + -logy: cf. F. ostéologie.]

Defn: The science which treats of the bones of the vertebrate skeleton.

OSTEOLYSIS Os`te*ol"y*sis, n. [NL. osteo-+ Gr. a loosing.]

Defn: Softening and absorption of bone. -- Os`te*o*lyt"ic (#), a.

OSTEOMA Os`te*o"ma, n.; pl. Osteomata. Etym: [NL. See Osteo-, and -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: A tumor composed mainly of bone; a tumor of a bone.

OSTEOMALACIA Os`te*o*ma*la"ci*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A disease of the bones, in which they lose their earthy material, and become soft, flexible, and distorted. Also called malacia.

OSTEOMANTY Os"te*o*man`ty, n. Etym: [Osteo- Gr.

Defn: Divination by means of bones. [R.]

OSTEOMERE Os"te*o*mere, n. Etym: [Osteo- + -mere.] (Anat.)

Defn: An osteocomma. Owen.

OSTEOPATH Os"te*o*path, n.

Defn: A practitioner of osteopathy.

OSTEOPATHIC Os`te*o*path"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to osteopathy. --Os`te*o*path"ic*al*ly (#), adv.

OSTEOPATHIST Os`te*op"a*thist, n.

Defn: One who practices osteopathy; an osteopath.

OSTEOPATHY Os`te*op"a*thy, n. [Osteo- + Gr. suffering.] (Med.) (a) Any disease of the bones. [R.] (b) A system of treatment based on the theory that diseases are chiefly due to deranged mechanism of the bones, nerves, blood vessels, and other tissues, and can be remedied by manipulations of these parts.

OSTEOPERIOSTITIS Os`te*o*per`i*os*ti"tis, n. [NL.; osteo- + periosteum + -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of a bone and its periosteum.

OSTEOPHONE Os"te*o*phone, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: An instrument for transmission of auditory vibrations through the bones of the head, so as to be appreciated as sounds by persons deaf from causes other than those affecting the nervous apparatus of hearing.

OSTEOPLAST Os"te*o*plast, n. Etym: [Osteo- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: An osteoblast.

OSTEOPLASTIC Os`te*o*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Osteo- + -plastic.]

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: Producing bone; as, osteoplastic cells.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the replacement of bone; as, an osteoplastic operation.

OSTEOPLASTY Os"te*o*plas`ty, n. Etym: [Osteo- + -plasty.] (Med.)

Defn: An operation or process by which the total or partial loss of a bone is remedied. Dunglison.

OSTEOPOROSIS Os`te*o*po*ro"sis, n. [NL.; osteo- + Gr. pore.] (Med. & Physiol.)

Defn: An absorption of bone so that the tissue becomes unusually porous.

OSTEOPTERYGIOUS Os`te*op`ter*yg"i*ous, a. Etym: [Osteo- Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having bones in the fins, as certain fishes.

OSTEOSARCOMA Os`te*o*sar*co"ma, n.; pl. Osteosarcomata. Etym: [NL. See Osteo-, and sarcoma.] (Med.)

Defn: A tumor having the structure of a sacroma in which there is a deposit of bone; sarcoma connected with bone.

OSTEOSCLEROSIS Os`te*o*scle*ro"sis, n. [NL.; osteo- + sclerosis.]

Defn: Abnormal hardness and density of bone.

OSTEOTOME Os"te*o*tome, n. Etym: [Osteo- + Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: Strong nippers or a chisel for dividing bone.

OSTEOTOMIST Os`te*ot"o*mist, n.

Defn: One skilled in osteotomy.

OSTEOTOMY Os`te*ot"o*my, n.

1. The dissection or anatomy of bones; osteology.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of dividing a bone or of cutting a piece out of it, -- done to remedy deformity, etc.

OSTEOZOA Os`te*o*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Vertebrata.

OSTIARY Os"ti*a*ry, n.; pl. -ries. Etym: [L. ostium door, entrance. See Usher.]

1. The mouth of a river; an estuary. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

2. One who keeps the door, especially the door of a church; a porter. N. Bacon.

OSTIC Os"tic, a. Etym: [From North American Indian oshtegwon a head.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or applied to, the language of the Tuscaroras, Iroquois, Wyandots, Winnebagoes, and a part of the Sioux Indians. Schoolcraft.

OSTIOLE Os"ti*ole, n. Etym: [L. ostiolum a little door, dim. of ostium a door: cf. F. ostiole.] (Bot.) (a) The exterior opening of a stomate. See Stomate. (b) Any small orifice.

OSTITIS Os*ti"tis, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)

Defn: See Osteitis.

OSTIUM Os"ti*um, n.; pl. Ostia. Etym: [L.] (Anat.)

Defn: An opening; a passage.

OSTLER Ost"ler, n.

Defn: See Hostler.

OSTLERESS Ost"ler*ess, n.

Defn: A female ostler. [R.] Tennyson.

OSTLERY Ost"ler*y, n.

Defn: See Hostelry. [Obs.]

OSTMEN Ost"men, n. pl.; sing. Ostman. Etym: [See East, and Man.]

Defn: East men; Danish settlers in Ireland, formerly so called. Lyttelton.

OSTOSIS Os*to"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Bone formation; ossification. See Ectostosis, and Endostosis.

OSTRACEA Os*tra"ce*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of bivalve mollusks including the oysters and allied shells.

OSTRACEAN Os*tra"cean, n. Etym: [L. ostrea an oyster. See Oyster.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any one of a family of bivalves, of which the oyster is the type.

OSTRACION Os*tra"ci*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of plectognath fishes having the body covered with solid, immovable, bony plates. It includes the trunkfishes.

OSTRACIONT Os*tra"ci*ont, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish of the genus Ostracion and allied genera.

OSTRACISM Os"tra*cism, n. Etym: [Gr. Ostracize.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: Banishment by popular vote, -- a means adopted at Athens to rid the city of a person whose talent and influence gave umbrage.

2. Banishment; exclusion; as, social ostracism. Public envy is as an ostracism, that eclipseth men when they grow too great. Bacon. Sentenced to a perpetual ostracism from the . . . confidence, and honors, and emoluments of his country. A. Hamilton.

OSTRACITE Os"tra*cite, n. (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil oyster.

OSTRACIZE Os"tra*cize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ostracized; p. pr. & vb. n. Ostracizing.] Etym: [Gr. Osseous, Oyster.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: To exile by ostracism; to banish by a popular vote, as at Athens. Grote.

2. To banish from society; to put under the ban; to cast out from social, political, or private favor; as, he was ostracized by his former friends. Marvell.

OSTRACODA Os*trac"o*da, n. pl. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Ostracoidea.

OSTRACODERMI Os`tra*coder"mi, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A suborder of fishes of which Ostracion is the type.

OSTRACOID Os"tra*coid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Ostracoidea. -- n.

Defn: One of the Ostracoidea.

OSTRACOIDEA Os`tra*coi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Entomostraca possessing hard bivalve shells. They are of small size, and swim freely about. [Written also Ostracoda.]

OSTREA Os"tre*a, n. Etym: [L., an oyster.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of bivalve Mollusca which includes the true oysters.

OSTREACEOUS Os`tre*a"ceous, a. Etym: [L. ostrea an oyster. See Oyster.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to an oyster, or to a shell; shelly. The crustaceous or ostreaceous body. Cudworth.

OSTREACULTURE Os"tre*a*cul`ture, n.

Defn: The artificial cultivation of oysters.

OSTREOPHAGIST Os`tre*oph"a*gist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who feeds on oysters.

OSTRICH Os"trich, n. Etym: [OE. ostriche, ostrice, OF. ostruche, ostruce, F. autruche, L. avis struthio; avis bird + struthio ostrich, fr. Gr. Aviary, Struthious.] [Formerly written also estrich.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large bird of the genus Struthio, of which Struthio camelus of Africa is the best known species. It has long and very strong legs, adapted for rapid running; only two toes; a long neck, nearly bare of feathers; and short wings incapable of flight. The adult male is about eight feet high.

Note: The South African ostrich (Struthio australis) and the Asiatic ostrich are considered distinct species by some authors. Ostriches are now domesticated in South Africa in large numbers for the sake of their plumes. The body of the male is covered with elegant black plumose feathers, while the wings and tail furnish the most valuable white plumes. Ostrich farm, a farm on which ostriches are bred for the sake of their feathers, oil, eggs, etc. -- Ostrich farming, the occupation of breeding ostriches for the sake of their feathers, etc. -- Ostrich fern (Bot.) a kind of fern (Onoclea Struthiopteris), the tall fronds of which grow in a circle from the rootstock. It is found in alluvial soil in Europe and North America.

OSTRIFEROUS Os*trif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. ostrifer; ostrea oyster + ferre.]

Defn: Producing oysters; containing oysters.

OSTROGOTH Os"tro*goth, n. Etym: [L. Ostrogothi, pl. See East, and Goth.]

Defn: One of the Eastern Goths. See Goth.

OSTROGOTHIC Os`tro*goth"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Ostrogoths.

OSWEGO TEA Os*we"go tea". (Bot.)

Defn: An American aromatic herb (Monarda didyma), with showy, bright red, labiate flowers.

OTACOUSTIC Ot`a*cous"tic, a. Etym: [Oto- + acoustic: cf. F. otacoustique.]

Defn: Assisting the sense of hearing; as, an otacoustic instrument.

OTACOUSTIC; OTACOUSTICON Ot`a*cous"tic, Ot`a*cous"ti*con, n.

Defn: An instrument to facilitate hearing, as an ear trumpet.

OTAHEITE APPLE O`ta*hei"te ap"ple. Etym: [So named from Otaheite, or Tahiti, one of the Society Islands.] (Bot.) (a) The fruit of a Polynesian anacardiaceous tree (Spondias dulcis), also called vi-apple. It is rather larger than an apple, and the rind has a flavor of turpentine, but the flesh is said to taste like pineapples. (b) A West Indian name for a myrtaceous tree (Jambosa Malaccensis) which bears crimson berries.

OTALGIA O*tal"gi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. otalgie.] (Med.)

Defn: Pain in the ear; earache.

OTALGIC O*tal"gic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to otalgia. -- n.

Defn: A remedy for otalgia.

OTALGY O*tal"gy, n.

Defn: Pain in the ear; otalgia.

OTARY O"ta*ry, n.; pl. Otaries. Etym: [Gr. otarie.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any eared seal.

OTHEOSCOPE O"the*o*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for exhibiting the repulsive action produced by light or heat in an exhausted vessel; a modification of the radoimeter. W. Crookes.

OTHER Oth"er conj. Etym: [See Or.]

Defn: Either; -- used with other or or for its correlative (as either . . . or are now used). [Obs.] Other of chalk, other of glass. Chaucer.

OTHER Oth"er, pron. & a. Etym: [AS. ; akin to OS. a, , D. & G. ander, OHG. andar, Icel. annarr, Sw. annan, Dan. anden, Goth. an, Skr. antara: cf. L. alter; all orig. comparatives: cf. Skr. anya other. sq. root180. Cf. Alter.] [Formerly other was used both as singular and plural.]

1. Different from that which, or the one who, has been specified; not the same; not identical; additional; second of two. Each of them made other for to win. Chaucer. Whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also. Matt. v. 39.

2. Not this, but the contrary; opposite; as, the other side of a river.

3. Alternate; second; -- used esp. in connection with every; as, every other day, that is, each alternate day, every second day.

4. Left, as opposed to right. [Obs.] A distaff in her other hand she had. Spenser.

Note: Other is a correlative adjective, or adjective pronoun, often in contrast with one, some, that, this, etc. The one shall be taken, and the other left. Matt. xxiv. 4 And some fell among thorns . . . but other fell into good ground. Matt. xiii. 7, 8.

It is also used, by ellipsis, with a noun, expressed or understood. To write this, or to design the other. Dryden. It is written with the indefinite article as one word, another; is used with each, indicating a reciprocal action or relation; and is employed absolutely, or eliptically for other thing, or other person, in which case it may have a plural. The fool and the brutish person perish, and leave their wealth to others. Ps. xlix. 10. If he is trimming, others are true. Thackeray. Other is sometimes followed by but, beside, or besides; but oftener by than. No other but such a one as he. Coleridge. Other lords beside thee have had dominion over us. Is. xxvi. 13. For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid. 1 Cor. iii. 11. The whole seven years of . . . ignominy had been little other than a preparation for this very hour. Hawthorne. Other some, some others. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] -- The other day, at a certain time past, not distant, but indefinite; not long ago; recently; rarely, the third day past. Bind my hair up: as't was yesterday No, nor t' other day. B. Jonson.

OTHER Oth"er, adv.

Defn: Otherwise. "It shall none other be." Chaucer. "If you think other." Shak.

OTHERGATES Oth"er*gates`, adv. Etym: [Other + gate way. See wards.]

Defn: In another manner. [Obs.] He would have tickled you othergates. Shak.

OTHERGUISE; OTHERGUESS Oth"er*guise`, Oth"er*guess`, a. & adv. Etym: [A corruption of othergates.]

Defn: Of another kind or sort; in another way. "Otherguess arguments." Berkeley.

OTHERNESS Oth"er*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being other or different; alterity; oppositeness.

OTHERWAYS Oth"er*ways`, adv.

Defn: See Otherwise. Tyndale.

OTHERWHERE Oth"er*where`, adv.

Defn: In or to some other place, or places; elsewhere. Milton. Tennyson.

OTHERWHILE; OTHERWHILES Oth"er*while`, Oth"er*whiles`, adv.

Defn: At another time, or other times; sometimes; [Archaic] Weighing otherwhiles ten pounds and more. Holland.

OTHERWISE Oth"er*wise`, adv. Etym: [Other + wise manner.]

1. In a different manner; in another way, or in other ways; differently; contrarily. Chaucer. Thy father was a worthy prince, And merited, alas! a better fate; But Heaven thought otherwise. Addison.

2. In other respects. It is said, truly, that the best men otherwise are not always the best in regard of society. Hooker.

3. In different circumstances; under other conditions; as, I am engaged, otherwise I would accept.

Note: Otherwise, like so and thus, may be used as a substitute for the opposite of a previous adjective, noun, etc. Let no man think me a fool; if otherwise, yet as a fool receive me. 2 Cor. xi. 16. Her eyebrows . . . rather full than otherwise. Fielding.

OTHMAN Oth"man, n. & a.

Defn: See Ottoman.

OTIC O"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. otique.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the ear; auricular; auditory.

OTIOSE O"ti*ose`, a. Etym: [L. otiosus, fr. otium ease.]

Defn: Being at leisure or ease; unemployed; indolent; idle. "Otiose assent." Paley. The true keeping of the Sabbath was not that otiose and unAlford.

OTIOSITY O`ti*os"ity, n. Etym: [L. otiositas.]

Defn: Leisure; indolence; idleness; ease. [R.] Thackeray.

OTIS O"tis, n. Etym: [L., a kind of bustard, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of birds including the bustards.

OTITIS O*ti"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the ear.

OTO- O"to-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A combining form denoting relation to, or situation near or in, the ear.

OTOBA FAT O*to"ba fat`. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless buttery substance obtained from the fruit of Myristica otoba, a species of nutmeg tree.

OTOCONITE O*toc"o*nite, n. Etym: [Oto- + Gr. (Anat.) (a) A mass of otoliths. (b) An otolith.

OTOCRANE O"to*crane, n. Etym: [Oto- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The cavity in the skull in which the parts of the internal ear are lodged.

OTOCRANIAL O`to*cra"ni*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the otocrane.

OTOCYST O"to*cyst, n. Etym: [Oto- + cyst.] (Zoöl. & Anat.)

Defn: An auditory cyst or vesicle; one of the simple auditory organs of many invertebrates, containing a fluid and otoliths; also, the embryonic vesicle from which the parts of the internal ear of vertebrates are developed.

OTOGRAPHY O*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Oto- + -graphy.]

Defn: A description of the ear.

OTOLITH; OTOLITE O"to*lith, O"to*lite, n. Etym: [Oto- + -lith, -lite.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the small bones or particles of calcareous or other hard substance in the internal ear of vertebrates, and in the auditory organs of many invertebrates; an ear stone. Collectively, the otoliths are called ear sand and otoconite.

OTOLITHIC; OTOLITIC O`to*lith"ic, O`to*lit"ic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to otoliths.

OTOLOGICAL O`to*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining tootology.

OTOLOGIST O*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One skilled in otology; an aurist.

OTOLOGY O*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Oto- + -logy.]

Defn: The branch of science which treats of the ear and its diseases.

OTOPATHY O*top"a*thy, n. Etym: [Oto- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A diseased condition of the ear.

OTORRHEA; OTORRHOEA O`tor*rhe"a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A flow or running from the ear, esp. a purulent discharge.

OTOSCOPE O"to*scope, n. Etym: [Oto- + -scope.]

Defn: An instrument for examining the condition of the ear.

OTOSCOPEIC O`to*scope"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the otoscope or to otoscopy.

OTOSCOPY O*tos"co*py, n. (Med.)

Defn: The examination of the ear; the art of using the otoscope.

OTOSTEAL O*tos"te*al, n. Etym: [Oto- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: An auditory ossicle. R. Owen.

OTOZOUM O`to*zo"um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct genus of huge vertebrates, probably dinosaurs, known only from four-toed tracks in Triassic sandstones.

OTTAR Ot"tar, n.

Defn: See Attar.

OTTAVA RIMA Ot*ta"va ri"ma. [It. See Octave, and Rhyme.] (Pros.)

Defn: A stanza of eight lines of heroic verse, with three rhymes, the first six lines rhyming alternately and the last two forming a couplet. It was used by Byron in "Don Juan," by Keats in "Isabella," by Shelley in "The Witch of Atlas," etc.

OTTAWAS Ot"ta*was, n. pl.; sing. Ottawa (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of Indians who, when first known, lived on the Ottawa River. Most of them subsequently migrated to the southwestern shore of Lake Superior.

OTTER Ot"ter, n. Etym: [OE. oter, AS. Otor; akin to D. & G. otter, Icel. otr, Dan. odder, Sw. utter, Lith. udra, Russ, vuidra, Gr. udra otter, and also to E. water. Water, and cf. Hydra.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any carnivorous animal of the genus Lutra, and related genera. Several species are described. They have large, flattish heads, short ears, and webbed toes. They are aquatic, and feed on fish. Their fur is soft and valuable. The common otter of Europe is Lutra vulgaris; the American otter is L. Canadensis; other species inhabit South America and Asia.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The larva of the ghost moth. It is very injurious to hop vines. Otter hound, Otter dog (Zoöl.), a small breed of hounds, used in England for hunting otters. -- Otter sheep. See Ancon sheep, under Ancon. -- Otter shell (Zoöl.), very large bivalve mollusk (Schizothærus Nuttallii) found on the northwest coast of America. It is excellent food, and is extensively used by the Indians. -- Sea otter. (Zoöl.) See in the Vocabulary.

OTTER Ot"ter, n.

Defn: A corruption of Annotto.

OTTO Ot"to, n.

Defn: See Attar.

OTTO CYCLE Ot"to cy`cle. (Thermodynamics)

Defn: A four-stroke cycle for internal-combustion engines consisting of the following operations: First stroke, suction into cylinder of explosive charge, as of gas and air; second stroke, compression, ignition, and explosion of this charge; third stroke (the working stroke), expansion of the gases; fourth stroke, expulsion of the products of combustion from the cylinder. This is the cycle invented by Beau de Rochas in 1862 and applied by Dr. Otto in 1877 in the Otto-Crossley gas engine, the first commercially successful internal- combustion engine made.

OTTO ENGINE Otto engine.

Defn: An engine using the Otto cycle.

OTTOMAN Ot"to*man, a. Etym: [F. ottoman: cf. It. ottomano, ottomanno; -- from Othoman, Othman, or Osman, the name of a sultan who assumed the government of Turkey about the year 1300. Cf. Osmanli, Ottoman a stuffed seat.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Turks; as, the Ottoman power or empire.

OTTOMAN Ot"to*man, n.; pl. Ottomans (.

1. A Turk.

2. Etym: [F. ottomane, from ottoman Turkish.]

Defn: A stuffed seat without a back, originally used in Turkey.

OTTOMITE Ot"to*mite, n.

Defn: An Ottoman. [R.] Shak.

OTTRELITE Ot"trel*ite, n. Etym: [From Ottrez, on the borders of Luxembourg.] (Min.)

Defn: A micaceous mineral occurring in small scales. It is characteristic of certain crystalline schists.

OUAKARI Oua*ka"ri, n. Etym: [From the native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any South American monkey of the genus Brachyurus, especially B. ouakari.

OUANANICHE Oua`na`niche", n. [Canadian F., of Amer. Indian origin.]

Defn: A small landlocked variety of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar ounaniche) of Lake St. John, Canada, and neighboring waters, noted for its vigor and activity, and habit of leaping from the water when hooked.

OUANDEROO Ouan`der*oo", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The wanderoo.

OUARINE Oua`rine", n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A Brazilian monkey of the genus Mycetes.

OUBLIETTE Ou`bli`ette", n. Etym: [F., fr. oublier to forget, fr. (assumed) LL. oblitare, L. oblivisci, p. p. oblitus.]

Defn: A dungeon with an opening only at the top, found in some old castles and other strongholds, into which persons condemned to perpetual imprisonment, or to perish secretly, were thrust, or lured to fall. Sudden in the sun An oubliette winks. Where is he Gone. Mrs. Browning.

OUCH Ouch, n. Etym: [OE. ouch, nouche (a nouch being taken for an ouch: cf. Adder), fr. OF. nusche, nosche, nousche, buckle, clasp, LL. nusca, fr. OHG. nusca, nuscha.]

Defn: A socket or bezel holding a precious stone; hence, a jewel or ornament worn on the person. A precious stone in a rich ouche. Sir T. Elyot. Your brooches, pearls, and ouches. Shak.

OUGHNE Ough"ne, a.

Defn: Own. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OUGHT Ought, n. & adv.

Defn: See Aught.

OUGHT Ought, imp., p. p., or auxiliary. Etym: [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root110. See Owe.]

1. Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Obs.] This due obedience which they ought to the king. Tyndale. The love and duty I long have ought you. Spelman. [He] said . . . you ought him a thousand pound. Shak.

2. Owned; possessed. [Obs.] The knight the which that castle ought. Spenser.

3. To be bound in duty or by moral obligation. We then that are strong ought to bear the infirmities of the weak. Rom. xv. 1.

4. To be necessary, fit, becoming, or expedient; to behoove; -- in this sense formerly sometimes used impersonally or without a subject expressed. "Well ought us work." Chaucer. To speak of this as it ought, would ask a volume. Milton. Ought not Christ to have suffered these things Luke xxiv. 26.

Note: Ought is now chiefly employed as an auxiliary verb, expressing fitness, expediency, propriety, moral obligation, or the like, in the action or state indicated by the principal verb.

Syn. -- Ought, Should. Both words imply obligation, but ought is the stronger. Should may imply merely an obligation of propriety, expendiency, etc.; ought denotes an obligation of duty.

OUGHTNESS Ought"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being as a thing ought to be; rightness. [R.] N. W. Taylor.

OUGHWHERE Ough"where`, adv. Etym: [AS. ahwær.]

Defn: Anywhere; somewhere. See Owher. [Obs.]

OUISTITI Ouis"ti*ti, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wistit.

OUL Oul, n.

Defn: An awl. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OUL Oul, n.

Defn: An owl. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OULACHAN Ou"la*chan, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Eulachon.

OUNCE Ounce, n. Etym: [F. once, fr. L. uncia a twelfth, the twelfth part of a pound or of a foot: cf. Gr. Inch, Oke.]

1. A weight, the sixteenth part of a pound avoirdupois, and containing 437

2. (Troy Weight)

Defn: The twelfth part of a troy pound.

Note: The troy ounce contains twenty pennyweights, each of twenty- four grains, or, in all, 480 grains, and is the twelfth part of the troy pound. The troy ounce is also a weight in apothecaries' weight. [Troy ounce is sometimes written as one word, troyounce.]

3. Fig.: A small portion; a bit. [Obs.] By ounces hung his locks that he had. Chaucer. Fluid ounce. See under Fluid, n.

OUNCE Ounce, n. Etym: [F. once; cf. It. lonza, Sp. onza; prob. for lonce, taken as l'once, fr. L. lynx, Gr. lyncea, from lynx. Cf. Lynx.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A feline quadruped (Felis irbis, or uncia) resembling the leopard in size, and somewhat in color, but it has longer and thicker fur, which forms a short mane on the back. The ounce is pale yellowish gray, with irregular dark spots on the neck and limbs, and dark rings on the body. It inhabits the lofty mountain ranges of Asia. Called also once.

OUNDED; OUNDY Ound"ed, Oun"dy, a. Etym: [F. ondé, -ée, fr. onde, L. unda, a wave.]

Defn: Wavy; waving [Obs.] "Owndie hair." Chaucer.

OUNDING Ound"ing, vb. n.

Defn: Waving. [Obs.] Ounding, paling, winding, or bending . . . of cloth. Chaucer.

OUPHE Ouphe, n. Etym: [See Auf.]

Defn: A fairy; a goblin; an elf. [Obs.] "Like urchins, ouphes, and fairies." Shak.

OUPHEN Ouph"en, a.

Defn: Elfish. [Obs.]

OUR Our, possessive pron. Etym: [AS. our, of us; akin to us, to us, and to G. unser our, of us, Goth. unsara. sq. root186 See Us.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to us; belonging to us; as, our country; our rights; our troops; our endeavors. See I. The Lord is our defense. Ps. lxxxix. 18.

Note: When the noun is not expressed, ours is used in the same way as hers for her, yours for your, etc.; as, whose house is that It is ours. Our wills are ours, we known not how. Tennyson.

-OUR -our. Etym: [OF. -our.]

Defn: See -or.

OURANG Ou*rang", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The orang-outang.

OURANG-OUTANG Ou*rang"-ou*tang`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Orang-outang.

OURANOGRAPHIST Ou`ra*nog"ra*phist, n.

Defn: See Uranographist.

OURANOGRAPHY Ou`ra*nog"ra*phy, n.

Defn: See Uranography.

OUREBI Ou"re*bi, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small, graceful, and swift African antelope, allied to the klipspringer.

OURETIC Ou*ret"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Uretic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Uric.

OUROLOGY Ou*rol"o*gy, n.

Defn: See Urology.

OUROSCOPY Ou*ros"co*py, n. Etym: [Gr. -scopy.]

Defn: Ourology.

OURS Ours, possessive pron.

Defn: See Note under Our.

OURSELVES Our*selves", pron.

Defn: ; sing. Ourself (we; also, alone in the predicate, in the nominative or the objective case. We ourselves might distinctly number in words a great deal further then we usually do. Locke. Safe in ourselves, while on ourselves we stand. Dryden.

Note: The form ourself is usec only in the regal or formal style after we or us, denoting a single person. Unless we would denude ourself of all force. Clarendon.

-OUS -ous. Etym: [OF. -ous, us, -os, F. -eux, fr. L. -osus, and -us. Cf. - ose.]

1. An adjective suffix meaning full of, abounding in, having, possessing the qualities of, like; as in gracious, abounding in grace; arduous, full of ardor; bulbous, having bulbs, bulblike; riotous, poisonous, piteous, joyous, etc.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A suffix denoting that the element indicated by the name bearing it, has a valence lower than that denoted by the termination -ic; as, nitrous, sulphurous, etc., as contrasted with nitric, sulphuric, etc.

OUSE Ouse, n. & v.

Defn: See Ooze. [Obs.]

OUSEL Ou"sel, n. Etym: [OE. osel, AS. ; akin to G. amsel, OHG. amsala, and perh. to L. merula blackbird. Cf. Merle, Amsel.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of several species of European thrushes, especially the blackbird (Merula merula, or Turdus merula), and the mountain or ring ousel (Turdus torquatus). [Written also ouzel.] Rock ousel (Zoöl.), the ring ousel. -- Water ousel (Zoöl.), the European dipper (Cinclus aquaticus), and the American dipper (C. Mexicanus).

OUST Oust, n.

Defn: See Oast.

OUST Oust, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ousted; p. pr. & vb. n. Ousting.] Etym: [OF. oster, F. ôter, prob. fr. L. obstare to oppose, hence, to forbid, take away. See Obstacle, and cf. Ouster.]

1. To take away; to remove. Multiplication of actions upon the case were rare, formerly, and thereby wager of law ousted. Sir M. Hale.

2. To eject; to turn out. Blackstone. From mine own earldom foully ousted me. Tennyson.

OUSTER Oust"er, n. Etym: [Prob. fr. the OF. infin. oster, used substantively. See Oust.]

Defn: A putting out of possession; dispossession; ejection; disseizin. Ouster of the freehold is effected by abatement, intrusion, disseizin, discontinuance, or deforcement. Blackstone. Ouster le main. Etym: [Ouster + F. la main the hand, L. manus.] (Law) A delivery of lands out of the hands of a guardian, or out of the king's hands, or a judgement given for that purpose. Blackstone.

OUT Out, adv. Etym: [OE. out, ut, oute, ute, AS. , and , , fr. ; akin to D. uit, OS. , G. aus, OHG. -, Icel. , Sw. ut, Dan. ud, Goth. ut, Skr. ud. About, But, prep., Carouse, Utter, a.]

Defn: In its original and strict sense, out means from the interior of something; beyond the limits or boundary of somethings; in a position or relation which is exterior to something; -- opposed to in or into. The something may be expressed after of, from, etc. (see Out of, below); or, if not expressed, it is implied; as, he is out; or, he is out of the house, office, business, etc.; he came out; or, he came out from the ship, meeting, sect, party, etc. Out is used in a variety of applications, as: --

1. Away; abroad; off; from home, or from a certain, or a usual, place; not in; not in a particular, or a usual, place; as, the proprietor is out, his team was taken out. "My shoulder blade is out." Shak. He hath been out (of the country) nine years. Shak.

2. Beyond the limits of concealment, confinement, privacy, constraint, etc., actual of figurative; hence, not in concealment, constraint, etc., in, or into, a state of freedom, openness, disclosure, publicity, etc.; as, the sun shines out; he laughed out, to be out at the elbows; the secret has leaked out, or is out; the disease broke out on his face; the book is out. Leaves are out and perfect in a month. Bacon. She has not been out [in general society] very long. H. James.

3. Beyond the limit of existence, continuance, or supply; to the end; completely; hence, in, or into, a condition of extinction, exhaustion, completion; as, the fuel, or the fire, has burned out. "Hear me out." Dryden. Deceitiful men shall not live out half their days. Ps. iv. 23. When the butt is out, we will drink water. Shak.

4. Beyond possession, control, or occupation; hence, in, or into, a state of want, loss, or deprivation; -- used of office, business, property, knowledge, etc.; as, the Democrats went out and the Whigs came in; he put his money out at interest. "Land that is out at rack rent." Locke. "He was out fifty pounds." Bp. Fell. I have forgot my part, and I am out. Shak.

5. Beyond the bounds of what is true, reasonable, correct, proper, common, etc.; in error or mistake; in a wrong or incorrect position or opinion; in a state of disagreement, opposition, etc.; in an inharmonious relation. "Lancelot and I are out." Shak. Wicked men are strangely out in the calculating of their own interest. South. Very seldom out, in these his guesses. Addison.

6. Not in the position to score in playing a game; not in the state or turn of the play for counting or gaining scores.

Note: Out is largely used in composition as a prefix, with the same significations that it has as a separate word; as outbound, outbreak, outbuilding, outcome, outdo, outdoor, outfield. See also the first Note under Over, adv. Day in, day out, from the beginning to the limit of each of several days; day by day; every day. -- Out and out. (a) adv. Completely; wholly; openly. (b) adj. Without any reservation or disguise; absolute; as, an out and out villain. [As an adj. written also out-and-out.] -- Out at, Out in, Out on, etc., elliptical phrases, that to which out refers as a source, origin, etc., being omitted; as, out (of the house and) at the barn; out (of the house, road, fields, etc., and) in the woods. Three fishers went sailing out into the west, Out into the west, as the sun went down. C. Kingsley.

Note: In these lines after out may be understood, "of the harbor," "from the shore," "of sight," or some similar phrase. The complete construction is seen in the saying: "Out of the frying pan into the fire." -- Out from, a construction similar to out of (below). See Of and From. Out of, a phrase which may be considered either as composed of an adverb and a preposition, each having its appropriate office in the sentence, or as a compound preposition. Considered as a preposition, it denotes, with verbs of movement or action, from the interior of; beyond the limit: from; hence, origin, source, motive, departure, separation, loss, etc.; -- opposed to in or into; also with verbs of being, the state of being derived, removed, or separated from. Examples may be found in the phrases below, and also under Vocabulary words; as, out of breath; out of countenance. Out of cess, beyond measure, excessively. Shak. -- Out of character, unbecoming; improper. -- Out of conceit with, not pleased with. See under Conceit. -- Out of date, not timely; unfashionable; antiquated. -- Out of door, Out of doors, beyond the doors; from the house; in, or into, the open air; hence, figuratively, shut out; dismissed. See under Door, also, Out-of-door, Outdoor, Outdoors, in the Vocabulary. "He 's quality, and the question's out of door," Dryden. -- Out of favor, disliked; under displeasure. -- Out of frame, not in correct order or condition; irregular; disarranged. Latimer. -- Out of hand, immediately; without delay or preparation. "Ananias . . . fell down and died out of hand." Latimer. -- Out of harm's way, beyond the danger limit; in a safe place. -- Out of joint, not in proper connection or adjustment; unhinged; disordered. "The time is out of joint." Shak. -- Out of mind, not in mind; forgotten; also, beyond the limit of memory; as, time out of mind. -- Out of one's head, beyond commanding one's mental powers; in a wandering state mentally; delirious. [Colloq.] -- Out of one's time, beyond one's period of minority or apprenticeship. -- Out of order, not in proper order; disarranged; in confusion. -- Out of place, not in the usual or proper place; hence, not proper or becoming. -- Out of pocket, in a condition of having expended or lost more money than one has received. -- Out of print, not in market, the edition printed being exhausted; -- said of books, pamphlets, etc. -- Out of the question, beyond the limits or range of consideration; impossible to be favorably considered. -- Out of reach, beyond one's reach; inaccessible. -- Out of season, not in a proper season or time; untimely; inopportune. -- Out of sorts, wanting certain things; unsatisfied; unwell; unhappy; cross. See under Sort, n. -- Out of temper, not in good temper; irritated; angry. -- Out of time, not in proper time; too soon, or too late. -- Out of time, not in harmony; discordant; hence, not in an agreeing temper; fretful. -- Out of twist, winding, or wind, not in warped condition; perfectly plain and smooth; -- said of surfaces. -- Out of use, not in use; unfashionable; obsolete. -- Out of the way. (a) On one side; hard to reach or find; secluded. (b) Improper; unusual; wrong. -- Out of the woods, not in a place, or state, of obscurity or doubt; free from difficulty or perils; safe. [Colloq.] -- Out to out, from one extreme limit to another, including the whole length, breadth, or thickness; -- applied to measurements. -- Out West, in or towards, the West; specifically, in some Western State or Territory. [U. S.] -- To come out, To cut out, To fall out, etc. See under Come, Cut, Fall, etc. -- To put out of the way, to kill; to destroy. -- Week in, week out. See Day in, day out (above).

OUT Out, n.

1. One who, or that which, is out; especially, one who is out of office; -- generally in the plural.

2. A place or space outside of something; a nook or corner; an angle projecting outward; an open space; -- chiefly used in the phrase ins and outs; as, the ins and outs of a question. See under In.

3. (Print.)

Defn: A word or words omitted by the compositor in setting up copy; an omission. To make an out (Print.), to omit something, in setting or correcting type, which was in the copy.

OUT Out, v. t.

1. To cause to be out; to eject; to expel. A king outed from his country. Selden. The French have been outed of their holds. Heylin.

2. To come out with; to make known. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. To give out; to dispose of; to sell. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OUT Out, v. i.

Defn: To come or go out; to get out or away; to become public. "Truth will out." Shak.

OUT Out, interj.

Defn: Expressing impatience, anger, a desire to be rid of; -- with the force of command; go out; begone; away; off. Out, idle words, servants to shallow fools ! Shak. Out upon or on! equivalent to "shame upon!" "away with!" as, out upon you!

OUTACT Out*act", v. t.

Defn: To do or beyond; to exceed in acting. [R.] He has made me heir to treasures Would make me outact a real window's whining. Otway.

OUTAGAMIES Ou"ta*gam`ies, n. pl.; sing. Outagamie (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: See lst Fox, 7.

OUTARGUE Out*ar"gue, v. t.

Defn: To surpass or conquer in argument.

OUTBABBLE Out*bab"ble, v. t.

Defn: To utter foolishly or excessively; to surpass in babbling. [R.] Milton.

OUTBALANCE Out*bal"ance, v. t.

Defn: To outweight; to exceed in weight or effect. Let dull Ajax bear away my right When all his days outbalance this one night. Dryden.

OUTBAR Out*bar", v. t.

Defn: To bar out. [R.] Spenser.

OUTBEG Out*beg", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in begging. [R.]

OUTBID Out*bid", v. t. [imp. Outbid or Outbade (p. p. Outbid or Outbidden (p. pr. & vb. n. Outbidding.]

Defn: To exceed or surpass in bidding. Prevent the greedy, and outbid the bold. Pope.

OUTBIDDER Out*bid"der, n.

Defn: One who outbids. Johnson.

OUTBLEAT Out*bleat", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in bleating.

OUTBLOWN Out"blown`, a.

Defn: Inflated with wind. Dryden.

OUTBLUSH Out*blush", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in blushing; to surpass in rosy color. T. Shipman.

OUTBOARD Out"board`, a. & adv. (Naut.)

Defn: Beyond or outside of the lines of a vessel's bulwarks or hull; in a direction from the hull or from the keel; -- opposed to inboard; as, outboard rigging; swing the davits outboard.

OUTBORN Out"born`, a.

Defn: Foreign; not native. [R.]

OUTBOUND Out"bound`, a.

Defn: Outward bound. Dryden.

OUTBOUNDS Out"bounds`, n. pl.

Defn: The farthest or exterior bounds; extreme limits; boundaries. Spenser.

OUTBOW Out*bow", v. t.

Defn: To excel in bowing. Young.

OUTBOWED Out"bowed`, a.

Defn: Convex; curved outward. "The convex or outbowed side of a vessel." Bp. Hall.

OUTBRAG Out*brag", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in bragging; hence, to make appear inferior. Whose bare outbragg'd the web it seemed to wear. Shak.

OUTBRAVE Out*brave", v. t.

1. To excel in bravery o

2. To excel in magnificence or comeliness. The basest weed outbraves his dignity. Shak.

OUTBRAY Out*bray", v. t.

1. To exceed in braying.

2. To emit with great noise. [Obs.] Fairfax.

OUTBRAZEN Out*bra"zen, v. t.

Defn: To bear down with a brazen face; to surpass in impudence. T. Brown.

OUTBREAK Out"break`, n.

Defn: A bursting forth; eruption; insurrection. "Mobs and outbreaks." J. H. Newman. The flash and outbreak of a fiery mind. Shak.

OUTBREAKING Out"break`ing, n.

1. The act of breaking out.

2. That which bursts forth.

OUTBREAST Out*breast", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in singing. See Breast, n., 6. [Obs.]

OUTBREATHE Out*breathe", v. t.

1. To breathe forth. "Outbreathed life." Spenser.

2. To cause to be out of breath; to exhaust. Shak.

OUTBREATHE Out*breathe", v. i.

Defn: To issue, as breath; to be breathed out; to exhale. Beau. & Fl.

OUTBRIBE Out*bribe", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in bribing.

OUTBRING Out*bring", v. t.

Defn: To bring or bear out.

OUTBUD Out*bud", v. i.

Defn: To sprout. [Poetic] Spenser.

OUTBUILD Out*build", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Outbuilt or Outbuilded; p. pr. & vb. n. Outbuilding.]

Defn: To exceed in building, or in durability of building.

OUTBUILDING Out"build`ing, n.

Defn: A building separate from, and subordinate to, the main house; an outhouse.

OUTBURN Out*burn", v. t. & i.

1. To exceed in burning.

2. To burn entirely; to be consumed. Shak.

OUTBURST Out"burst`, n.

Defn: A bursting forth.

OUTCANT Out*cant", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in canting. Pope.

OUTCAST Out"cast`, a. Etym: [Cf. Sw. utkasta to cast out.]

Defn: Cast out; degraded. "Outcast, rejected." Longfellow.

OUTCAST Out"cast`, n.

1. One who is cast out or expelled; an exile; one driven from home, society, or country; hence, often, a degraded person; a vagabond. The Lord . . . gathereth together the outcasts of Israel. Ps. cxlvii. 2.

2. A quarrel; a contention. [Scot.] Jamieson.

OUTCASTING Out"cast`ing, n.

Defn: That which is cast out. [Obs.]

OUTCEPT Out*cept", prep.

Defn: Except. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

OUTCHEAT Out*cheat", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in cheating.

OUTCLIMB Out*climb", v. t.

Defn: To climb bevond; to surpass in climbing. Davenant.

OUTCOME Out"come, n.

Defn: That which comes out of, or follows from, something else; issue; result; consequence; upshot. "The logical outcome." H. Spenser. All true literature, all genuine poetry, is the direct outcome, the condensed essence, of actual life and thougth. J. C. Shairp.

OUTCOMPASS Out*com"pass, v. t.

Defn: To exceed the compass or limits of. Bacon.

OUTCOURT Out"court`, n.

Defn: An outer or exterior court. The skirts and outcourts of heaven. South.

OUTCRAFTY Out*craft"y, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in cunning. [R.] Shak.

OUTCRIER Out"cri`er, n.

Defn: One who cries out or proclaims; a herald or crier.

OUTCROP Out"crop`, n. (Geol.) (a) The coming out of a stratum to the surface of the ground. Lyell. (b) That part of inclined strata which appears at the surface; basset.

OUTCROP Out*crop", v. i. (Geol.)

Defn: To come out to the surface of the ground; -- said of strata.

OUTCRY Out"cry`, n.

1. A vehement or loud cry; a cry of distress, alarm, opposition, or detestation; clamor.

2. Sale at public auction. Massinger. Thackeray.

OUTDARE Out*dare", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in daring; to overcome by courage; to brave. Shak. R. Browning.

OUTDATED Out*dat"ed, a.

Defn: Being out of date; antiquated. [Obs.] Hammond.

OUTDAZZLE Out*daz"zle, v. t.

Defn: To surpass in dazzing.

OUTDO Out*do", v. t. [imp. Outdid; p. p. Outdone; p. pr. & vb. n. Outdoing.]

Defn: To go beyond in performance; to excel; to surpass. An imposture outdoes the original. L' Estrange. I grieve to be outdone by Gay. Swift.

OUTDOOR Out"door`, a. Etym: [For out of door.]

Defn: Being, or done, in the open air; being or done outside of certain buildings, as poorhouses, hospitals, etc.; as, outdoor exercise; outdoor relief; outdoor patients.

OUTDOORS Out"doors`, adv.

Defn: Abread; out of the house; out of doors.

OUTDRAW Out*draw", v. t.

Defn: To draw out; to extract. [R.] "He must the teeth outdraw." Gower.

OUTDREAM Out*dream", v. t.

Defn: To pass, or escape, while dreaming. "To oultdream dangers." Beau. & Fl.

OUTDRINK Out*drink", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in drinking.

OUTDURE Out*dure", v. t.

Defn: To outlast. [Obs.]

OUTDWELL Out*dwell", v. t.

Defn: To dwell or stay beyond. [Poetic] "He outdwells his hour." Shak.

OUTDWELLER Out"dwell`er, n.

Defn: One who holds land in a parish, but lives elsewhere. [Eng.]

OUTER Out"er, a. [Compar. of Out.] Etym: [AS. , compar. of , adv., out. See Out, Utter, a.]

Defn: Being on the outside; external; farthest or farther from the interior, from a given station, or from any space or position regarded as a center or starting place; -- opposed to inner; as, the outer wall; the outer court or gate; the outer stump in cricket; the outer world. Outer bar, in England, the body of junior (or utter) barristers; -- so called because in court they occupy a place beyond the space reserved for Queen's counsel.

OUTER Out"er, n. (a) The part of a target which is beyond the circles surrounding the bull's-eye. (b) A shot which strikes the outer of a target.

OUTER Out"er, n. Etym: [From Out, v.]

Defn: One who puts out, ousts, or expels; also, an ouster; dispossession. [R.]

OUTERLY Out"er*ly, adv.

1. Utterly; entirely. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Toward the outside. [R.] Grew.

OUTERMOST Out"er*most`, a. Etym: [See Uttermost, Utmost, and cf. Outmost.]

Defn: Being on the extreme external part; farthest outward; as, the outermost row. Boyle.

OUTFACE Out*face", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Outfaced; p pr. & vb. n. Outfacing.]

Defn: To face or look (one) out of countenance; to resist or bear down by bold looks or effrontery; to brave. Shak. Having outfaced all the world. South.

OUTFALL Out"fall`, n.

1. The mouth of a river; the lower end of a water course; the open end of a drain, culvert, etc., where the discharge occurs.

2. A quarrel; a falling out. [Prov. Eng.]

OUTFANGTHEF Out*fang"thef, n. Etym: [AS. . See Out, Fang, v. t., and Thief.] (Anglo-Saxon & O. Eng. Law) (a) A thief from without or abroad, taken within a lord's fee or liberty. (b) The privilege of trying such a thief. Burrill.

OUTFAWN Out*fawn", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in fawning.

OUTFEAST Out*feast", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in feasting.

OUTFEAT Out*feat", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in feats.

OUTFIELD Out"field`, n.

1. Arable land which has been or is being exhausted. See Infield, 1. [Scot.]

2. A field beyond, or separated from, the inclosed land about the homestead; an uninclosed or unexplored tract. Also used figuratively. The great outfield of thought or fact. Trench.

3. (Baseball)

Defn: The part of the field beyond the diamond, or infield. It is occupied by the fielders.

4. (Cricket)

Defn: The part of the field farthest from the batsman.

OUTFIT Out"fit, n.

Defn: A fitting out, or equipment, as of a ship for a voyage, or of a person for an expedition in an unoccupied region or residence in a foreign land; things required for equipment; the expense of, or allowance made for, equipment, as by the government of the United States to a diplomatic agent going abroad.

OUTFITTER Out"fit`ter, n.

Defn: One who furnishes outfits for a voyage, a journey, or a business.

OUTFLANK Out*flank", v. t. (Mil.)

Defn: To go beyond, or be superior to, on the flank; to pass around or turn the flank or flanks of.

OUTFLATTER Out*flat"ter, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in flattering.

OUTFLING Out"fling`, n.

Defn: A gibe; a contemptuous remark.

OUTFLOW Out"flow`, n.

Defn: A flowing out; efflux.

OUTFLOW Out*flow", v. i.

Defn: To flow out. Campbell.

OUTFLY Out*fly", v. t. [imp. Outflew; p. p. Outflown; p. pr. & vb. n. Outflying.]

Defn: To surpass in flying; to fly beyond or faster than. Shak. Winged with fear outflies the wind. Waller.

OUTFOOL Out*fool", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in folly. [R.] Young.

OUTFOOT Out*foot", v. t.

Defn: To outrun or outwalk; hence, of a vessel, to outsail. [Colloq.]

OUTFORM Out"form, n.

Defn: External appearance. [Obs.]

OUTFROWN Out*frown", v. t.

Defn: To frown down; to overbear by frowning. Shak.

OUTGATE Out"gate`, n.

Defn: An outlet. [Obs.] Spenser.

OUTGAZE Out*gaze", v. t.

Defn: To gaze beyond; to exceed in sharpness or persistence of seeing or of looking; hence, to stare out of countenance.

OUTGENERAL Out*gen"er*al, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Outgeneraled or Outgeneralled; p. pr. & vb. n. Outgeneraling or Outgeneralling.]

Defn: To exceed in generalship; to gain advantage over by superior military skill or executive ability; to outmaneuver. Chesterfield.

OUTGIVE Out*give", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in giving. Dryden.

OUTGO Out*go", v. t. [imp. Outwent; p. p. Outgone; p. pr. & vb. n. Outgoing.]

1. To go beyond; to exceed in swiftness; to surpass; to outdo.

2. To circumvent; to overreach. [Obs.] Denham.

OUTGO Out"go`, n.; pl. Outgoes (.

Defn: That which goes out, or is paid out; outlay; expenditure; -- the opposite of Ant: income. Lowell.

OUTGOER Out"go`er, n.

Defn: One who goes out or departs.

OUTGOING Out"go`ing, n.

1. The act or the state of going out. The outgoings of the morning and evening. Ps. lxv. 8.

2. That which goes out; outgo; outlay.

3. The extreme limit; the place of ending. [Obs.] The outgoings of the border were at the north bay of the salt sea, at the south end of Jordan. Josh. xviii. 19.

OUTGOING Out"go`ing, a.

Defn: Going out; departing; as, the outgoing administration; an outgoing steamer.

OUTGROUND Out"ground`, n.

Defn: Ground situated at a distance from the house; outlying land.

OUTGROW Out*grow", v. t. [imp. Outgrew; p. p. Outgrown; p. pr. & vb. n. Outgrowing.]

1. To surpass in growing; to grow more than. Shak.

2. To grow out of or away from; to grow too large, or too aged, for; as, to outgrow clothing; to outgrow usefulness; to outgrow an infirmity.

OUTGROWTH Out"growth`, n.

Defn: That which grows out of, or proceeds from, anything; an excrescence; an offshoot; hence, a result or consequence.

OUTGUARD Out"guard`, n. (Mil.)

Defn: A guard or small body of troops at a distance from the main body of an army, to watch for the approach of an enemy; hence, anything for defense placed at a distance from the thing to be defended.

OUTGUSH Out"gush`, n.

Defn: A pouring out; an outburst. A passionate outgush of emotion. Thackeray.

OUTGUSH Out*gush", v. i.

Defn: To gush out; to flow forth.

OUTHAUL Out"haul`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A rope used for hauling out a sail upon a spar; -- opposite of inhaul.

OUTHER Outh"er, conj.

Defn: Other. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OUT-HEROD Out-Her"od, v. t.

Defn: To surpass (Herod) in violence or wickedness; to exceed in any vicious or offensive particular. "It out-Herods Herod." Shak. Out-Heroding the preposterous fashions of the times. Sir W. Scott.

OUTHESS Out*hess", n. Etym: [Cf. LL. uthesium, hutesium, huesium, OF. hueis, and E. hue, in hue and cry.]

Defn: Outcry; alarm. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OUTHIRE Out*hire", v. t.

Defn: To hire out. [Obs.] Spenser.

OUTHOUSE Out"house`, n.

Defn: A small house or building at a little distance from the main house; an outbuilding.

OUTING Out"ing, n.

1. The act of going out; an airing; an excursion; as, a summer outing.

2. A feast given by an apprentice when he is out of his time. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

OUTJEST Out*jest", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in jesting; to drive out, or away, by jesting. [R.] Shak.

OUTJET Out"jet`, n.

Defn: That which jets out or projects from anything. [R.] H. Miller.

OUTJUGGLE Out*jug"gle, v. t.

Defn: To surpass in juggling.

OUTKEEPER Out"keep`er, n. (Surv.)

Defn: An attachment to a surveyor's compass for keeping tally in chaining.

OUTKNAVE Out*knave", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in knavery.

OUTLABOR Out*la"bor, v. t.

Defn: To surpass in laboring.

OUTLAND Out"land, a. Etym: [Out + land. See Outlandish.]

Defn: Foreign; outlandish. [Obs.] Strutt.

OUTLANDER Out"land*er, n.

Defn: A foreigner. Wood.

OUTLANDISH Out*land"ish, a. Etym: [AS. foreign. See Out, Land, and -ish.]

1. Foreign; not native. Him did outlandish women cause to sin. Neh. xiii. 26. Its barley water and its outlandish wines. G. W. Cable.

2. Hence: Not according with usage; strange; rude; barbarous; uncouth; clownish; as, an outlandish dress, behavior, or speech. Something outlandish, unearthy, or at variance with ordinary fashion. Hawthorne. --Out*land"ish*ly, adv. -- Out*land"ish*ness, n.

OUTLAST Out*last", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in duration; to survive; to endure longer than. Milton.

OUTLAUGH Out*laugh", v. t.

1. To surpass or outdo in laughing. Dryden.

2. To laugh (one) out of a purpose, principle, etc.; to discourage or discomfit by laughing; to laugh down. [R.] His apprehensions of being outlaughed will force him to continue in a restless obscurity. Franklin.

OUTLAW Out"law`, n. Etym: [AS. , . See Out, and Law.]

Defn: A person excluded from the benefit of the law, or deprived of its protection. Blackstone.

OUTLAW Out"law`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Outlawed; p. pr. & vb. n. Outlawing.] Etym: [AS. .]

1. To deprive of the benefit and protection of law; to declare to be an outlaw; to proscribe. Blackstone.

2. To remove from legal jurisdiction or enforcement; as, to outlaw a debt or claim; to deprive of legal force. "Laws outlawed by necessity." Fuller.

OUTLAWRY Out"law`ry, n.; pl. Outlawries (.

1. The act of outlawing; the putting a man out of the protection of law, or the process by which a man (as an absconding criminal) is deprived of that protection.

2. The state of being an outlaw.

OUTLAY Out*lay", v. t.

Defn: To lay out; to spread out; to display. [R.] Drayton.

OUTLAY Out"lay`, n.

1. A laying out or expending.

2. That which is expended; expenditure.

3. An outlying haunt. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

OUTLEAP Out*leap", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in leaping.

OUTLEAP Out"leap`, n.

Defn: A sally. [R.] Locke.

OUTLEARN Out*learn", v. t.

1. To excel or surpass in learing.

2. To learn out [i. e., completely, utterly]; to exhaust knowledge of. Naught, according to his mind, He could outlearn. Spenser. Men and gods have not outlearned it [love]. Emerson.

OUTLET Out"let`, n.

Defn: The place or opening by which anything is let out; a passage out; an exit; a vent. Receiving all, and having no outlet. Fuller.

OUTLET Out*let", v. t.

Defn: To let out; to emit. [R.] Daniel.

OUTLIE Out*lie", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in lying. Bp. Hall.

OUTLIER Out"li`er, n.

1. One who does not live where his office, or business, or estate, is. Bentley.

2. That which lies, or is, away from the main body.

3. (Geol.)

Defn: A part of a rock or stratum lying without, or beyond, the main body, from which it has been separated by denudation.

OUTLIMB Out"limb`, n

Defn: , An extreme member or part of a thing; a limb. [Obs.] Fuller.

OUTLINE Out"line`, n.

1. (a) The line which marks the outer limits of an object or figure; the exterior line or edge; contour. (b) In art: A line drawn by pencil, pen, graver, or the like, by which the boundary of a figure is indicated. (c) A sketch composed of such lines; the delineation of a figure without shading. Painters, by their outlines, colors, lights, and shadows, represent the same in their pictures. Dryden.

2. Fig.: A sketch of any scheme; a preliminary or general indication of a plan, system, course of thought, etc.; as, the outline of a speech. But that larger grief . . . Is given in outline and no more. Tennyson.

Syn. -- Sketch; draught; delineation. See Sketch.

OUTLINE Out"line`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Outlined; p. pr. & vb. n. Outlining.]

1. To draw the outline of.

2. Fig.: To sketch out or indicate as by an outline; as, to outline an argument or a campaign.

OUTLINEAR Out*lin"e*ar, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an outline; being in, or forming, an outline. Trench.

OUTLIVE Out*live", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Outlived; p. pr. & vb. n. Outliving.]

Defn: To live beyond, or longer than; to survive. They live too long who happiness outlive. Dryden.

OUTLIVER Out*liv"er, n.

Defn: One who outlives. [R.]

OUTLOOK Out*look", v. t.

1. To face down; to outstare. To outlook conquest, and to win renown. Shak.

2. To inspect throughly; to select. [Obs.] Cotton.

OUTLOOK Out"look`, n.

1. The act of looking out; watch.

2. One who looks out; also, the place from which one looks out; a watchower. Lyon Playfair.

3. The view obtained by one looking out; scope of vision; prospect; sight; appearance. Applause Which owes to man's short outlook all its charms. Young.

OUTLOOSE Out"loose`, n.

Defn: A loosing from; an escape; an outlet; an evasion. [Obs.] That "whereas" gives me an outloose. Selden.

OUTLOPE Out"lope, n.

Defn: An excursion. [Obs.] Florio.

OUTLUSTER; OUTLUSTRE Out*lus"ter, Out*lus"tre, v. t.

Defn: To excel in brightness or luster. Shak.

OUTLYING Out"ly`ing, a.

Defn: Lying or being at a distance from the central part, or the main body; being on, or beyond, the frontier; exterior; remote; detached.

OUTMANEUVER; OUTMANOEUVRE Out`ma*neu"ver, Out`ma*noeu"vre, v. t.

Defn: To surpass, or get an advantage of, in maneuvering; to outgeneral.

OUTMANTLE Out*man"tle, v. t.

Defn: To excel in mantling; hence, to excel in splendor, as of dress. [R.] And with poetic trappings grace thy prose, Till it outmantle all the pride of verse. Cowper.

OUTMARCH Out*march", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in marching; to march faster than, or so as to leave behind.

OUTMEASURE Out*meas"ure, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in measure or extent; to measure more than. Sir T. Browne.

OUTMOST Out"most`, a. Etym: [OE. outemest, utmest, AS. , a superl. fr. out. See Out, Utmost, and cf. Outermost.]

Defn: Farthest from the middle or interior; farthest outward; outermost.

OUTMOUNT Out*mount", v. t.

Defn: To mount above. [R.]

OUTNAME Out*name", v. t.

1. To exceed in naming or describing. [R.]

2. To exceed in name, fame, or degree. [Obs.] And found out one to outname thy other faults. Beau. & Fl.

OUTNESS Out"ness, n.

1. The state of being out or beyond; separateness.

2. (Metaph.)

Defn: The state or quality of being distanguishable from the perceiving mind, by being in space, and possessing marerial quality; externality; objectivity. The outness of the objects of sense. Sir W. Hamiltom.

OUTNOISE Out*noise", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in noise; to surpass in noisiness. [R.] Fuller.

OUTNUMBER Out*num"ber, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in number.

OUT-OF-DOOR Out`-of-door", a.

Defn: Being out of the house; being, or done, in the open air; outdoor; as, out-of-door exercise. See Out of door, under Out, adv. Amongst out-of-door delights. G. Eliot.

OUT-OF-THE-WAY Out`-of-the-way", a.

Defn: See under Out, adv.

OUTPACE Out*pace" v. t. Etym: [Cf. Outpass.]

Defn: To outgo; to move faster than; to leave behind. [R.] Lamb.

OUTPARAMOUR Out*par"a*mour, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in the number of mistresses. [R.] Shak.

OUTPARISH Out"par`ish, n.

Defn: A parish lying without the walls of, or in a remote part of, a town. Graunt.

OUTPART Out"part`, n.

Defn: An outlying part. [R.] Ayliffe.

OUTPASS Out*pass", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Outpace.]

Defn: To pass beyond; to exceed in progress.

OUTPASSION Out*pas"sion, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in passion.

OUT-PATIENT Out"-pa`tient, n.

Defn: A patient who is outside a hospital, but receives medical aid from it.

OUTPEER Out*peer", v. t.

Defn: To excel. [R.] Shak.

OUTPENSION Out"pen`sion, v. t.

Defn: To grant an outpension to.

OUTPENSION Out"pen`sion, n.

Defn: A public pension granted to one not required to live in a charitable institution. -- Out"pen`sion*er, n.

OUTPLAY Out*play", v. t.

Defn: To excel or defeat in a game; to play better than; as, to be outplayed in tennis or ball.

OUTPOISE Out*poise", v. t.

Defn: To outweigh. Howell.

OUTPORT Out"port`, n.

Defn: A harbor or port at some distance from the chief town or seat of trade. Macaulay.

OUTPOST Out"post`, n. (Mil.) (a) A post or station without the limits of a camp, or at a distance from the main body of an army, for observation of the enemy. (b) The troops placed at such a station.

OUTPOUR Out*pour", v. t.

Defn: To pour out. Milton.

OUTPOUR Out"pour`, n.

Defn: A flowing out; a free discharge.

OUTPOWER Out*pow"er, v. t.

Defn: To excel in power; to overpover. [Obs.] Fuller.

OUTPRAY Out*pray", v. t.

Defn: To exceed or excel in prayer.

OUTPREACH Out*preach", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in preaching. And for a villain's quick conversion A pillory can outpreach a parson. Trumbull.

OUTPRIZE Out*prize", v. t.

Defn: To prize beyong value, or in excess; to exceed in value. [Obs.] Shak.

OUTPUT Out"put`, n.

1. The amount of coal or ore put out from one or more mines, or the quantity of material produced by, or turned out from, one or more furnaces or mills, in a given time.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: That which is thrown out as products of the metabolic activity of the body; the egesta other than the fæces. See Income.

Note: The output consists of: (a) The respiratory products of the lungs, skin, and alimentary canal, consisting chiefly of carbonic acid and water with small quantities of hydrogen and carbureted hydrogen. (b) Perspiration, consisting chiefly of water and salts. (c) The urine, which is assumed to contain all the nitrogen truly excreted by the body, besides a large quantity of saline matters and water. Foster.

OUTQUENCH Out*quench", v. t.

Defn: To quench entirely; to extinguish. "The candlelight outquenched." Spenser.

OUTRAGE Out*rage", v. t. Etym: [Out + rage.]

Defn: To rage in excess of. [R.] Young.

OUTRAGE Out"rage, n. Etym: [F. outrage; OF. outre, oltre, beyond (F. outre, L. ultra) + -age, as, in courage, voyage. See Ulterior.]

1. Injurious violence or wanton wrong done to persons or things; a gross violation of right or decency; excessive abuse; wanton mischief; gross injury. Chaucer. He wrought great outrages, wasting all the country. Spenser.

2. Excess; luxury. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Syn. -- Affront; insult; abuse. See Affront.

OUTRAGE Out"rage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Outragen; p. pr. & vb. n. Outraging.] Etym: [F. outrager. See Outrage, n.]

1. To commit outrage upon; to subject to outrage; to treat with violence or excessive abuse. Base and insolent minds outrage men when they have hope of doing it without a return. Atterbury. This interview outrages all decency. Broome.

2. Specifically, to violate; to commit an indecent assault upon (a female).

OUTRAGE Out"rage, v. t.

Defn: To be guilty of an outrage; to act outrageously.

OUTRAGEOUS Out*ra"geous, a. Etym: [OF. outrageus, F. outrageux. See Outrage, n.]

Defn: Of the nature of an outrage; exceeding the limits of right, reason, or decency; involving or doing an outrage; furious; violent; atrocious. "Outrageous weeping." Chaucer. "The most outrageous villainies." Sir P. Sidney. "The vile, outrageous crimes." Shak. "Outrageous panegyric." Dryden.

Syn. -- Violent; furious; exorbitant; excessive; atrocious; monstrous; wanton; nefarious; heinous. -- Out*ra"geous*ly, adv. -- Out*ra"geous*ness, n.

OUTRANCE Ou`trance", n. Etym: [F. See OutrÉ.]

Defn: The utmost or last extremity. Combat à outrance, a fight to the end, or to the death.

OUTRANK Out*rank", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in rank; hence, to take precedence of.

OUTRAY Out*ray", v. t.

Defn: To outshine. [R.] Skelton.

OUTRAY Out*ray", v. i.

Defn: To spread out in array. [Obs.] And now they outray to your fleet. Chapman.

OUTRAYE Out*raye", v. i.

Defn: See Outrage, v. i. [Obs.] This warn I you, that ye not suddenly Out of yourself for no woe should outraye. Chaucer.

OUTRAZE Out*raze", v. t.

Defn: To obliterate. [Obs.] Sandys.

OUTRE Ou`tré", a. Etym: [F., p. p. of outrer to exaggerate, fr. L. ultra beyond. See Outrage.]

Defn: Being out of the common course or limits; extravagant; bizarre.

OUTREACH Out*reach", v. t.

Defn: To reach beyond.

OUTREASON Out*rea"son, v. t.

Defn: To excel or surpass in reasoning; to reason better than. South.

OUTRECKON Out*reck"on, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in reckoning or computation. Bp. Pearson.

OUTRECUIDANCE Ou`tre*cui`dance", n. Etym: [F., fr. outre beyond + cuider to think, L. cogitare.]

Defn: Excessive presumption. [R.] B. Jonson.

OUTREDE Out*rede", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in giving rede, or counsel. [Obs.] See Atrede. Chaucer.

OUTREIGN Out*reign", v. t.

Defn: To go beyond in reigning; to reign through the whole of, or longer than. [R.] Spenser.

OUTRIDE Out*ride", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in speed of riding; to ride beyond or faster than. Shak.

OUTRIDE Out"ride`, n.

1. A riding out; an excursion. [R.]

2. A place for riding out. [R.]

OUTRIDER Out"rid`er, n.

1. A summoner whose office is to cite men before the sheriff. [Obs.]

2. One who rides out on horseback. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. A servant on horseback attending a carriage.

OUTRIGGER Out"rig`ger, n.

1. Any spar or projecting timber run out for temporary use, as from a ship's mast, to hold a rope or a sail extended, or from a building, to support hoisting teckle.

2. (Naut.) (a) A projecting support for a rowlock, extended from the side of a boat. (b) A boat thus equipped. (c) A projecting contrivance at the side of a boat to prevent upsetting, as projecting spars with a log at the end.

OUTRIGHT Out"right`, adv.

1. Immediately; without delay; at once; as, he was killed outright.

2. Completely; utterly. Cardinal Manning.

OUTRING Out*ring", v. t.

Defn: To excel in volume of ringing sound; to ring louder than.

OUTRIVAL Out*ri"val, v. t.

Defn: To surpass in a rivalry.

OUTRIVE Out*rive", v. t.

Defn: To river; to sever. [Obs.] Fairfax.

OUTROAD; OUTRODE Out"road`, Out"rode`, n.

Defn: An excursion. [Obs.] "Outrodes by the ways of Judea." Macc. xv. 41 (Geneva Bible).

OUTROAR Out*roar", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in roaring.

OUTROMANCE Out`ro*mance", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in romantic character. [R.] Fuller.

OUTROOM Out"room`, n.

Defn: An outer room. [R.] Fuller.

OUTROOT Out*root", v. t.

Defn: To eradicate; to extirpate.

OUTRUN Out*run", v. t. [imp. Outran; p. p. Outrun; p. pr. & vb. n. Outrunning.]

Defn: To exceed, or leave behind, in running; to run faster than; to outstrip; to go beyond. Your zeal outruns my wishes. Sir W. Scott. The other disciple did outrun Peter, and came first to the sepulcher. Jhon xx. 4.

OUTRUNNER Out*run"ner, n.

Defn: An offshoot; a branch. [R.] "Some outrunner of the river." Lauson.

OUTRUSH Out*rush", v. i.

Defn: To rush out; to issue, or ru Garth.

OUTSAIL Out*sail", v. t.

Defn: To excel, or to leave behind, in sailing; to sail faster than. Beau. & Fl.

OUTSCENT Out*scent", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in odor. Fuller.

OUTSCOLD Out*scold", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in scolding. Shak.

OUTSCORN Out*scorn", v. t.

Defn: To confront, or subdue, with greater scorn. Shak.

OUTSCOURING Out"scour`ing, n.

Defn: That which is scoured out o Buckland.

OUTSCOUT Out*scout", v. t.

Defn: To overpower by disdain; to outface. [Obs.] Marston.

OUTSEE Out*see", v. t.

Defn: To see beyond; to excel in cer

OUTSELL Out*sell", v. t.

1. To exceed in amount of sales; to sell more than.

2. To exceed in the price of selling; to fetch more than; to exceed in value. Fuller. Shak.

OUTSENTRY Out"sen`try, n. (Mil.)

Defn: A sentry who guards the entrance or approach to a place; an outguard.

OUTSET Out"set`, n.

Defn: A setting out, starting, or beginning. "The outset of a political journey." Burke. Giving a proper direction to this outset of life. J. Hawes.

OUTSETTLER Out"set`tler, n.

Defn: One who settles at a distance, or away, from others.

OUTSHINE Out*shine", v. i.

Defn: To shine forth. "Bright, outshining beams." Shak.

OUTSHINE Out*shine", v. t.

Defn: To excel in splendor. A throne of royal state, which far Outshone the wealth of Ormus and of Ind. Milton.

OUTSHOOT Out*shoot", v. t.

Defn: To exceed or excel in shooting; to shoot beyond. Bacon. Men are resolved never to outshoot their forefathers' mark. Norris.

OUTSHUT Out*shut", v. t.

Defn: To shut out. [R.] Donne.

OUTSIDE Out"side`, n.

1. The external part of a thing; the part, end, or side which forms the surface; that which appears, or is manifest; that which is superficial; the exterior. There may be great need of an outside where there is little or nothing within. South. Created beings see nothing but our outside. Addison.

2. The part or space which lies without an inclosure; the outer side, as of a door, walk, or boundary. I threw open the door of my chamber, and found the family standing on the outside. Spectator.

3. The furthest limit, as to number, quantity, extent, etc.; the utmost; as, it may last a week at the outside.

4. One who, or that which, is without; hence, an outside passenger, as distinguished from one who is inside. See Inside, n. 3. [Colloq. Eng.]

OUTSIDE Out"side`, a.

1. Of or pertaining to the outside; external; exterior; superficial.

2. Reaching the extreme or farthest limit, as to extent, quantity, etc.; as, an outside estimate. [Colloq.] Outside finish (Arch.), a term for the minor parts, as corner boards, hanging stiles, etc., required to complete the exterior of a wooden building; -- rare in masonry.

OUTSIDE Out"side`, adv.

Defn: or prep. On or to the outside (of); without; on the exterior; as, to ride outside the coach; he stayed outside.

OUTSIDER Out`sid"er, n.

1. One not belonging to the concern, institution, party, etc., spoken of; one disconnected in interest or feeling. [Recent] A. Trollope.

2. A locksmith's pinchers for grasping the point of a key in the keyhole, to open a door from the outside when the key is inside.

3. A horse which is not a favorite in the betting. [Cant]

OUTSING Out*sing", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in singing.

OUTSIT Out*sit", v. t.

Defn: To remain sitting, or in session, longer than, or beyond the time of; to outstay.

OUTSKIRT Out"skirt`, n.

Defn: A part remote from the center; outer edge; border; -- usually in the plural; as, the outskirts of a town. Wordsworth. The outskirts of his march of mystery. Keble.

OUTSLEEP Out*sleep", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in sleeping. Shak.

OUTSLIDE Out*slide", v. i.

Defn: To slide outward, onward, or forward; to advance by sliding. [Poetic] At last our grating keels outslide. Whittier.

OUTSOAR Out*soar", v. t.

Defn: To soar beyond or above.

OUTSOLE Out"sole`, n.

Defn: The outside sole of a boot or shoe.

OUTSOUND Out*sound", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in sounding.

OUTSPAN Out*span", v. t. & i. Etym: [D. uitspannen.]

Defn: To unyoke or disengage, as oxen from a wagon. [S. Africa]

OUTSPARKLE Out*spar"kle, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in sparkling.

OUTSPEAK Out*speak", v. t.

1. To exceed in speaking.

2. To speak openly or boldly. T. Campbell.

3. To express more than. Shak.

OUTSPEED Out*speed", v. t.

Defn: To excel in speed. Outspeed the realized miracles of steam. Talfourd.

OUTSPEND Out"spend`, n.

Defn: Outlay; expenditure. [R.] A mere outspend of savageness. I. Taylor.

OUTSPIN Out*spin", v. t.

Defn: To spin out; to finish.

OUTSPOKEN Out*spo"ken, a.

Defn: Speaking, or spoken, freely, openly, or boldly; as, an outspoken man; an outspoken rebuke. -- Out*spo"ken*ness, n.

OUTSPORT Out*sport", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in sporting. [R.] "Not to outsport discretion." Shak.

OUTSPREAD Out*spread", v. t.

Defn: To spread out; to expand; -- usually as a past part. or adj.

OUTSPRING Out*spring", v. i.

Defn: To spring out; to issue.

OUTSTAND Out*stand", v. i.

Defn: To stand out, or project, from a surface or mass; hence, to remain standing out.

OUTSTAND Out*stand", v. t.

1. To resist effectually; to withstand; to sustain without yielding. [R.] Woodward.

2. To stay beyond. "I have outstood my time." Shak.

OUTSTANDING Out*stand"ing, a.

Defn: That stands out; undischarged; uncollected; not paid; as, outstanding obligations. Revenues . . . as well outstanding as collected. A. Hamilton.

OUTSTARE Out*stare", v. t.

Defn: To excel or overcome in staring; to face down. I would outstare the sternest eyes that look. Shak.

OUTSTART Out*start", v. i.

Defn: To start out or up. Chaucer.

OUTSTAY Out*stay", v. t.

Defn: To stay beyond or longer than. She concluded to outstay him. Mad. D' Arblay.

OUTSTEP Out*step", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in stepping.

OUTSTORM Out*storm", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in storming. Insults the tempest and outstorms the skies. J. Barlow.

OUTSTREET Out"street`, n.

Defn: A street remote from the center of a town. Johnson.

OUTSTRETCH Out*stretch", v. t.

Defn: To stretch out. Milton.

OUTSTRIDE Out*stride", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in striding.

OUTSTRIKE Out*strike", v. t.

Defn: To strike out; to strike faster than. Shak.

OUTSTRIP Out*strip", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Outstripped; p. pr. & vb. n. Outstripping.]

Defn: To go faster than; to outrun; to advance beyond; to leave behing. Appetites which . . . had outstripped the hours. Southey. He still outstript me in the race. Tennyson.

OUTSUFFER Out*suf"fer, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in suffering.

OUTSWEAR Out*swear", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in swearing.

OUTSWEETEN Out*sweet"en, v. t.

Defn: To surpass in sweetness. [R.] Shak.

OUTSWELL Out*swell", v. t.

1. To exceed in swelling.

2. To swell beyond; to overflow. [Obs.] Hewyt.

OUTTAKE Out*take", prep.

Defn: Except. [Obs.] R. of Brunne.

OUTTAKEN Out*tak"en, p. p.

Defn: or prep. Excepted; save. [Obs.] Wyclif. Chaucer.

OUTTALK Out*talk", v. t.

Defn: To overpower by talking; to exceed in talking; to talk down. Shak.

OUTTELL Out*tell", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in telling, counting, or reckoning. "I have outtold the clock." Beau. & Fl.

OUTTERM Out"term`, n.

Defn: An external or superficial thing; outward manner; superficial remark, etc. [Obs.] Not to bear cold forms, nor men's outterms. B. Jonson.

OUTTHROW Out*throw", v. t.

1. To throw out. Spenser.

2. To excel in throwing, as in ball playing.

OUTTOIL Out*toil", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in toiling.

OUTTONGUE Out*tongue", v. t.

Defn: To silence by talk, clamor, or noise. [R.] Shak.

OUTTOP Out*top", v. t.

Defn: To overtop. [Obs.]

OUTTRAVEL Out*trav"el, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in speed o Mad. D' Arblay.

OUTTWINE Out*twine", v. t.

Defn: To disentangle. [Obs.]

OUTVALUE Out*val"ue, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in value. Boyle.

OUTVENOM Out*ven"om, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in venom.

OUTVIE Out*vie", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in vying. Dryden.

OUTVILLAIN Out*vil"lain, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in villainy.

OUTVOICE Out*voice", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in noise. Shak.

OUTVOTE Out*vote", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in the number of votes given; to defeat by votes. South.

OUTWALK Out*walk", v. t.

Defn: To excel in walking; to leave behind in walking. B. Jonson.

OUTWALL Out"wall`, n.

Defn: The exterior wall; the outside surface, or appearance. Shak.

OUTWARD; OUTWARDS Out"ward, Out"wards, adv. Etym: [AS. . See Out, and -ward, -wards.]

Defn: From the interior part; in a direction from the interior toward the exterior; out; to the outside; beyond; off; away; as, a ship bound outward. The wrong side may be turned outward. Shak. Light falling on them is not reflected outwards. Sir I. Newton. Outward bound, bound in an outward direction or to foreign parts; -- said especially of vessels, and opposed to homeward bound.

OUTWARD Out"ward, a.

1. Formmg the superficial part; external; exterior; -- opposed to inward; as, an outward garment or layer. Though our outward man perish, yet the inward man is renewed day by day. Cor. iv. 16.

2. Of or pertaining to the outer surface or to what is external; manifest; public. "Sins outward." Chaucer. An outward honor for an in ward toil. Shak.

3. Foreign; not civil or intestine; as, an outward war. [Obs.] Hayward.

4. Tending to the exterior or outside. The fire will force its outward way. Dryden. -- Out"ward*ly, adv. -- Out"ward*ness, n. Outward stroke. (Steam Engine) See under Stroke.

OUTWARD Out"ward, n.

Defn: External form; exterior. [R.] So fair an outward and such stuff within. Shak.

OUTWARDS Out"wards, adv.

Defn: See Outward, adv.

OUTWATCH Out*watch", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in watching.

OUTWAY Out"way`, n.

Defn: A way out; exit. [R.] In divers streets and outways multiplied. P. Fletcher.

OUTWEAR Out*wear", v. t.

1. To wear out; to consume or destroy by wearing. Milton.

2. To last longer than; to outlast; as, this cloth will outwear the other. "If I the night outwear." Pope.

OUTWEARY Out*wea"ry, v. t.

Defn: To weary out. Cowley.

OUTWEED Out*weed", v. t.

Defn: To weed out. [Obs.]

OUTWEEP Out*weep", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in weeping.

OUTWEIGH Out*weigh", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in weight or value.

OUTWELL Out*well", v. t.

Defn: To pour out. [Obs.] Spenser.

OUTWELL Out*well", v. i.

Defn: To issue forth. Thomson.

OUTWENT Out*went",

Defn: imp. of Outgo.

OUTWHORE Out*whore", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in lewdness.

OUTWIN Out*win", v. t.

Defn: To win a way out of. [Obs.]

OUTWIND Out*wind", v. t.

Defn: To extricate by winding; to unloose. [R.] Spenser. Dr. H. More.

OUTWING Out*wing", v. t.

Defn: To surpass, exceed, or outstrip in flying. Garth.

OUTWIT Out*wit", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in wisdom, esp. in cunning; to defeat or overreach by superior craft. They did so much outwit and outwealth us ! Gauden.

OUTWIT Out"wit, n.

Defn: The faculty of acquiring wesdom by observation and experience, or the wisdom so acquired; -- opposed to inwit. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

OUTWOE Out*woe", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in woe. [Obs.]

OUTWORK Out*work", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in working; to work more or faster than.

OUTWORK Out"work`, n. (Fort.)

Defn: A minor defense constructed beyond the main body of a work, as a ravelin, lunette, hornwork, etc. Wilhelm.

OUTWORTH Out*worth", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in worth. [R.]

OUTWREST Out*wrest", v. t.

Defn: To extort; to draw from or forth by violence. [Obs.] Spenser.

OUTWRITE Out*write", v. t.

Defn: To exceed or excel in writing.

OUTZANY Out*za"ny, v. t.

Defn: To exceed in buffoonery. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

OUVAROVITE Ou*va"ro*vite, n. Etym: [Named from the Russian Count Uvaroff.] (Min.)

Defn: Chrome garnet.

OUZE Ouze, n. & v.

Defn: See Ooze. [Obs.]

OUZEL Ou"zel, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Ousel. The mellow ouzel fluted in the elm. Tennyson.

OVA O"va, n. pl.

Defn: See Ovum.

OVAL O"val, a. Etym: [F. ovale, fr. L. ovum egg. Cf. Egg, Ovum.]

1. Of or pertaining to eggs; done in the egg, or inception; as, oval conceptions. [Obs.]

2. Having the figure of an egg; oblong and curvilinear, with one end broader than the other, or with both ends of about the same breadth; in popular usage, elliptical.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Broadly elliptical. Oval chuck (Mech.), a lathe chuck so constructed that work attached to it, and cut by the turning tool in the usual manner, becomes of an oval form.

OVAL O"val, n.

Defn: A body or figure in the shape of an egg, or popularly, of an ellipse. Cassinian oval (Geom.), the locus of a point the product of whose distances from two fixed points is constant; -- so called from Cassini, who first investigated the curve. Thus, in the diagram, if P moves so that P A.P B is constant, the point P describes a Cassinian oval. The locus may consist of a single closed line, as shown by the dotted line, or of two equal ovals about the points A and B.

OVALBUMIN; OVALBUMEN O`val*bu"min, O`val*bu"men, n. Etym: [Ovum + albumin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The albumin from white of eggs; egg albumin; -- in distinction from serum albumin. See Albumin.

OVALIFORM O*val"i*form, a. Etym: [Oval + -form.]

Defn: Having the form of an egg; having a figure such that any section in the direction of the shorter diameter will be circular, and any in the direction of the longer diameter will be oval.

OVALLY O"val*ly, adv.

Defn: In an oval form.

OVANT O"vant, a. Etym: [L. ovans triumphant, p. pr. of ovare to exult.]

Defn: Exultant. [Obs.] Holland.

OVARIAN; OVARIAL O*va"ri*an, O*va"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an ovary.

OVARIOLE O*va"ri*ole, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the tubes of which the ovaries of most insects are composed.

OVARIOTOMIST O*va`ri*ot"o*mist, n.

Defn: One who performs, or is skilled in, ovariotomy.

OVARIOTOMY O*va`ri*ot"o*my, n. Etym: [Ovarium + Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of removing one or both of the ovaries; oöphorectomy.

OVARIOUS O*va"ri*ous, a.

Defn: Consisting of eggs; as, ovarious food. [R.] Thomson.

OVARITIS O`va*ri"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Ovarium, and -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the ovaries.

OVARIUM O*va"ri*um, n.; pl. L. Ovaria, E. Ovariums. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: An ovary. See Ovary.

OVARY O"va*ry, n.; pl. Ovaries. Etym: [NL. ovarium, fr. L. ovum egg: cf. F. ovaire. See Oval.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: That part of the pistil which contains the seed, and in most flowering plants develops into the fruit. See Illust. of Flower.

2. (Zoöl. & Anat.)

Defn: The essential female reproductive organ in which the ova are produced. See Illust. of Discophora.

OVATE O"vate, a. Etym: [L. ovatus, from ovum egg. See Oval.]

1. Shaped like an egg, with the lower extremity broadest.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the shape of an egg, or of the longitudinal sectior of an egg, with the broader end basal. Gray.

OVATE-ACUMINATE O"vate-a*cu"mi*nate, a.

Defn: Having an ovate form, but narrowed at the end into a slender point.

OVATE-CYLINDRACEOUS O"vate-cyl`in*dra"ceous, a.

Defn: Having a form intermediate between ovate and cylindraceous.

OVATED O"va*ted, a.

Defn: Ovate.

OVATE-LANCEOLATE O"vate-lan"ce*o*late, a.

Defn: Having a form intermediate between ovate and lanceolate.

OVATE-OBLONG O"vate-ob"long, a.

Defn: Oblong. with one end narrower than the other; ovato-oblong.

OVATE-ROTUNDATE O"vate-ro*tund"ate, a.

Defn: Having a form intermediate between that of an egg and a sphere; roundly ovate.

OVATE-SUBULATE O"vate-su"bu*late, a.

Defn: Having an ovate form, but with a subulate tip or extremity.

OVATION O*va"tion, n. Etym: [L. ovatio, fr. ovare to exult, rejoice, triumph in an ovation; cf. Gr. ovation.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A lesser kind of triumph allowed to a commander for an easy, bloodless victory, or a victory over slaves.

2. Hence: An expression of popular homage; the tribute of the multitude to a public favorite. To rain an April of ovation round Their statues. Tennyson.

OVATO-ACUMINATE O*va"to-a*cu"mi*nate, a.

Defn: Same as Ovate-acuminate.

OVATO-CYLINDRACEOUS O*va"to-cyl`in*dra"ceous, a.

Defn: Same as Ovate-cylindraceous.

OVATO-OBLONG O*va"to-ob"long, a.

Defn: Same as Ovate-oblong.

OVATO-ROTUNDATE O*va"to-ro*tund"ate, a.

Defn: Same as Ovate-rotundate.

OVEN Ov"en, n. Etym: [AS. ofen; akin to D. oven, OHG. ofan, ovan, G. ofen, Icel. ofn, Dan. ovn, Sw. ugn, Goth. aúhns, Gr. ukha pot.]

Defn: A place arched over with brick or stonework, and used for baking, heating, or drying; hence, any structure, whether fixed or portable, which may be heated for baking, drying, etc.; esp., now, a chamber in a stove, used for baking or roasting.

OVENBIRD Ov"en*bird`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) Any species of the genus Furnarius, allied to the creepers. They inhabit South America and the West Indies, and construct curious oven-shaped nests. (b) In the United States, Seiurus aurocapillus; -- called also golden-crowned thrush. (c) In England, sometimes applied to the willow warbler, and to the long-tailed titmouse.

OVER O"ver, prep. Etym: [AS. ofer; akin to D. over, G. über, OHG. ubir, ubar, Dan. over, Sw. öfver, Icel. yfir, Goth. ufar, L. super, Gr. upari. Above, Eaves, Hyper-, Orlop, Super-, Sovereign, Up.]

1. Above, or higher than, in place or position, with the idea of covering; -- opposed to Ant: under; as, clouds are over our heads; the smoke rises over the city. The mercy seat that is over the testimony. Ex. xxx. 6. Over them gleamed far off the crimson banners of morning. Longfellow.

2. Across; from side to side of; -- implying a passing or moving, either above the substance or thing, or on the surface of it; as, a dog leaps over a stream or a table. Certain lakes . . . poison birds which fly over them. Bacon.

3. Upon the surface of, or the whole surface of; hither and thither upon; throughout the whole extent of; as, to wander over the earth; to walk over a field, or over a city.

4. Above; -- implying superiority in excellence, dignity, condition, or value; as, the advantages which the Christian world has over the heathen. Swift.

5. Above in authority or station; -- implying government, direction, care, attention, guard, responsibility, etc.; -- opposed to Ant: under. Thou shalt be over my house. Gen. xli. 40. I will make thee rules over many things. Matt. xxv. 23. Dost thou not watch over my sin Job xiv. 16. His tender mercies are over all his works. Ps. cxlv. 9.

6. Across or during the time of; from beginning to end of; as, to keep anything over night; to keep corn over winter.

7. Above the perpendicular height or length of, with an idea of measurement; as, the water, or the depth of water, was over his head, over his shoes.

8. Beyond; in excess of; in addition to; more than; as, it cost over five dollars. "Over all this." Chaucer.

9. Above, implying superiority after a contest; in spite of; notwithstanding; as, he triumphed over difficulties; the bill was passed over the veto.

Note: Over, in poetry, is often contracted into o'er.

Note: Over his signature (or name) is a substitute for the idiomatic English form, under his signature (name, hand and seal, etc.), the reference in the latter form being to the authority under which the writing is made, executed, or published, and not the place of the autograph, etc. Over all (Her.), placed over or upon other bearings, and therefore hinding them in part; -- said of a charge. -- Over head and ears, beyond one's depth; completely; wholly; hopelessly; as, over head and ears in debt. [Colloq.] -- Over the left. See under Left. -- To run over (Mach.), to have rotation in such direction that the crank pin traverses the upper, or front, half of its path in the forward, or outward, stroke; -- said of a crank which drives, or is driven by, a reciprocating piece.

OVER O"ver, adv.

1. From one side to another; from side to side; across; crosswise; as, a board, or a tree, a foot over, i. e., a foot in diameter.

2. From one person or place to another regarded as on the opposite side of a space or barrier; -- used with verbs of motion; as, to sail over to England; to hand over the money; to go over to the enemy. "We will pass over to Gibeah." Judges xix. 12. Also, with verbs of being: At, or on, the opposite side; as, the boat is over.

3. From beginning to end; throughout the course, extent, or expanse of anything; as, to look over accounts, or a stock of goods; a dress covered over with jewels.

4. From inside to outside, above or across the brim. Good measure, pressed down . . . and running over. Luke vi. 38.

5. Beyond a limit; hence, in excessive degree or quantity; superfluously; with repetition; as, to do the whole work over. "So over violent." Dryden. He that gathered much had nothing over. Ex. xvi. 18.

6. In a manner to bring the under side to or towards the top; as, to turn (one's self) over; to roll a stone over; to turn over the leaves; to tip over a cart.

7. At an end; beyond the limit of continuance; completed; finished. "Their distress was over." Macaulay. "The feast was over." Sir W. Scott.

Note: Over, out, off, and similar adverbs, are often used in the predicate with the sense and force of adjectives, agreeing in this respect with the adverbs of place, here, there, everywhere, nowhere; as, the games were over; the play is over; the master was out; his hat is off.

Note: Over is much used in composition, with the same significations that it has as a separate word; as in overcast, overflow, to cast or flow so as to spread over or cover; overhang, to hang above; overturn, to turn so as to bring the underside towards the top; overact, overreach, to act or reach beyond, implying excess or superiority. All over. (a) Over the whole; upon all parts; completely; as, he is spatterd with mud all over. (b) Wholly over; at an end; as, it is all over with him. -- Over again, once more; with repetition; afresh; anew. Dryden. -- Over against, opposite; in front. Addison. -- Over and above, in a manner, or degree, beyond what is supposed, defined, or usual; besides; in addition; as, not over and above well. "He . . . gained, over and above, the good will of all people." L' Estrange. -- Over and over, repeatedly; again and again. -- To boil over. See under Boil, v. i. -- To come it over, To do over, To give over, etc. See under Come, Do, Give, etc. -- To throw over, to abandon; to betray. Cf. To throw overboard, under Overboard.

OVER O"ver, a.

Defn: Upper; covering; higher; superior; also, excessive; too much or too great; -- chiefly used in composition; as, overshoes, overcoat, over-garment, overlord, overwork, overhaste.

OVER O"ver, n. (Cricket)

Defn: A certain number of balls (usually four) delivered successively from behind ine wicket, after which the ball is bowled from behing the other wicket as many times, the fielders changing places.

OVERABOUND O`ver*a*bound", v. i.

Defn: To be exceedingly plenty or superabundant. Pope.

OVERACT O`ver*act", v. t.

1. To act or perform to excess; to exaggerate in acting; as, he overacted his part.

2. To act upon, or influence, unduly. [Obs.] The hope of inheritance overacts them. Milton.

OVERACT O`ver*act", v. i.

Defn: To act more than is necessary; to go to excess in action. B. Jonson.

OVERACTION O"ver*ac"tion, n.

Defn: Per

OVERAFFECT O`ver*af*fect", v. t.

Defn: To affect or care for unduly. [Obs.] Milton.

OVERAGITATE O`ver*ag"i*tate, v. t.

Defn: To agitate or discuss beyond what is expedient. Bp. Hall.

OVERALL O"ver*all, adv.

Defn: Everywhere. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OVERALLS O"ver*alls, n. pl.

1. A kind of loose trousers worn over others to protect them from soiling.

2. Waterproof leggings. R. D. Blackmore.

OVERANXIETY O"ver*anx*i"e*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being overanxious; excessive anxiety.

OVERANXIOUS O"ver*anx"ious, a.

Defn: Anxious in an excessive or needless degree. -- O"ver*anx"ious*ly, adv.

OVERARCH O`ver*arch", v. t. & i.

Defn: To make or place an arch over; to hang over like an arch. "Brown with o'erarching shades." Pope.

OVER-ARM O"ver-arm`, a. (Cricket, etc.)

Defn: Done (as bowling or pitching) with the arm raised above the shoulder. See Overhard. "An over-arm with a round-arm bowler." R. A. Proctor.

OVERAWE O`ver*awe", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overawed; p. pr. & vb. n. Overawing.]

Defn: To awe exceedingly; to subjugate or restrain by awe or great fear. The king was present in person to overlook the magistrates, and overawe these subjects with the terror of his sword. Spenser.

OVERAWFUL O"ver*aw"ful, a.

Defn: Awful, or reverential, in an excessive degree. [R.] Milton.

OVERBALANCE O`ver*bal"ance, v. t.

1. To exceed equality with; to outweigh. Locke.

2. To cause to lose balance or equilibrium.

OVERBALANCE O"ver*bal`ance, n.

Defn: Excess of weight or value; something more than an equivalent; as, an overbalance of exports. J. Edwards.

OVERBARREN O"ver*bar"ren, a.

Defn: Excessively barren.

OVERBATTLE O"ver*bat"tle, a. Etym: [Over + battle, a.]

Defn: Excessively fertile; bearing rank or noxious growths. [Obs.] "Overbattle grounds." Hooker.

OVERBEAR O`ver*bear", v. t.

1. To bear down or carry down, as by excess of weight, power, force, etc.; to overcome; to suppress. The point of reputation, when the news first came of the battle lost, did overbear the reason of war. Bacon. Overborne with weight the Cyprians fell. Dryden. They are not so ready to overbear the adversary who goes out of his own country to meet them. Jowett (Thucyd. )

2. To domineer over; to overcome by insolence.

OVERBEAR O`ver*bear", v. i.

Defn: To bear fruit or offspring to excess; to be too prolific.

OVERBEARING O`ver*bear"ing, a.

1. Overpowering; subduing; repressing. I. Watts.

2. Aggressively haughty; arrogant; domineering; tyrannical; dictatorial; insolent. --O`ver*bear"ing*ly, adv. -- O`ver*bear"ing*ness, n.

OVERBEND O`ver*bend", v. t.

Defn: To bend to excess.

OVERBEND O`ver*bend", v. i.

Defn: To bend over. [R.]

OVERBID O`ver*bid", v. t.

Defn: To bid or offer beyond, or in excess of. Dryden.

OVERBIDE O`ver*bide", v. t.

Defn: To outlive. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OVERBLOW O`ver*blow", v. i.

1. To blow over, or be subdued. [R.] Spenser.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: To force so much wind into a pipe that it produces an overtone, or a note higher than the natural note; thus, the upper octaves of a flute are produced by overblowing.

OVERBLOW O`ver*blow", v. t.

Defn: To blow away; to dissipate by wind, or as by wind. When this cloud of sorrow's overblown. Waller.

OVERBOARD O"ver*board`, adv.

Defn: Over the side of a ship; hence, from on board of a ship, into the water; as, to fall overboard. To throw overboard, to discard; to abandon, as a dependent or friend.

OVERBOIL O`ver*boil", v. i.

Defn: To boil over or unduly. Nor is discontent to keep the mind Deep in its fountain, lest it overboil In the hot throng. Byron.

OVERBOLD O`ver*bold", a.

Defn: Excessively or presumptuously bold; impudent. Shak. -- O"ver*bold"ly, adv.

OVERBOOKISH O"ver*book"ish, a.

Defn: Excessively bookish.

OVERBOUNTEOUS O"ver*boun"te*ous, a.

Defn: Bounteous to excess.

OVERBOW O`ver*bow", v. t.

Defn: To bend or bow over; to bend in a contrary direction. [Obs.] Fuller.

OVERBREED O`ver*breed", v. t.

Defn: To breed to excess.

OVERBRIM O`ver*brim", v. i.

Defn: To flow over the brim; to be so full as to overflow. [R.]

OVERBROW O`ver*brow", v. t.

Defn: To hang over like a brow; to impend over. [Poetic] Longfellow. Did with a huge projection overbrow Large space beneath. Wordsworth.

OVERBUILD O`ver*build", v. t.

1. To build over. Milton.

2. To build too much; to build beyond the demand.

OVERBUILT O`ver*built", a.

Defn: Having too many buildings; as, an overbuilt part of a town.

OVERBULK O`ver*bulk", v. t.

Defn: To oppress by bulk; to overtower. [Obs. & R.] Shak.

OVERBURDEN O`ver*bur"den, v. t.

Defn: To load with too great weight or too much care, etc. Sir P. Sidney.

OVERBURDEN O"ver*bur`den, n.

Defn: The waste which overlies good stone in a quarry. Raymond.

OVERBURDENSOME O"ver*bur"den*some, a.

Defn: Too burdensome.

OVERBURN O`ver*burn", v. t. & i.

Defn: To burn too much; to be overzealous.

OVER-BUSY O"ver-bus"y, a.

Defn: Too busy; officious.

OVERBUY O`ver*buy", v. t.

1. To buy too much.

2. To buy at too dear a rate. Dryden.

OVERCANOPY O`ver*can"o*py, v. t.

Defn: To cover as with a canopy. Shak.

OVERCAPABLE O`ver*ca"pa*ble, a.

Defn: Too capable. [R.] Overcapable of such pleasing errors. Hooker.

OVERCARE O"ver*care", n.

Defn: Excessive care. Dryden.

OVERCAREFUL O"ver*care"ful, a.

Defn: Too careful. Shak.

OVERCARKING O"ver*cark"ing, a.

Defn: Too anxious; too full of care. [Archaic] Fuller.

OVERCARRY O`ver*car"ry, v. t. & i.

Defn: To carry too far; to carry beyond the proper point. Hayward.

OVERCAST O`ver*cast", v. t.

1. To cast or cover over; hence, to cloud; to darken. Those clouds that overcast your morn shall fly. Dryden.

2. To compute or rate too high. Bacon.

3. (Sewing)

Defn: To take long, loose stitches over (the raw edges of a seam) to prevent raveling.

OVERCATCH O`ver*catch", v. t.

Defn: To overtake. [Obs.]

OVERCAUTIOUS O"ver*cau"tious, a.

Defn: Too cautious; cautious or prudent to excess. -- O"ver*cau"tious*ly, adv. -- O"ver*cau"tiou*ness, n.

OVERCHANGE O"ver*change`, n.

Defn: Too much or too frequent change; fickleness. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

OVERCHARGE O`ver*charge", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Supercharge, Surcharge.]

1. To charge or load too heavily; to burden; to oppress; to cloy. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. To fill too full; to crowd. Our language is overcharged with consonants. Addison.

3. To charge excessively; to charge beyond a fair rate or price.

4. To exaggerate; as, to overcharge a description. Overcharged mine. (Mil.) See Globe of compression, under Globe.

OVERCHARGE O`ver*charge", v. i.

Defn: To make excessive charges.

OVERCHARGE O"ver*charge`, n. Etym: [Cf. Supercargo, Supercharge.]

1. An excessive load or burden.

2. An excessive charge in an account.

OVERCLIMB O`ver*climb", v. t.

Defn: To climb over. Surrey.

OVERCLOUD O`ver*cloud", v. t.

Defn: To cover or overspread with clouds; to becloud; to overcast.

OVERCLOY O`ver*cloy", v. t.

Defn: To fill beyond satiety. Shak.

OVERCOAT O"ver*coat`, n. Etym: [Cf. Surcoat.]

Defn: A coat worn over the other clothing; a greatcoat; a topcoat.

OVERCOLD O"ver*cold", a.

Defn: Cold to excess. Wiseman.

OVERCOLOR O`ver*col"or, v. t.

Defn: To color too highly.

OVERCOME O`ver*come", v. t. [imp. Overcame; p. p. Overcome; p. pr & vb. n. Overcoming.] Etym: [AS. ofercuman. See Over, Come, and cf. Supervene.]

1. To get the better of; to surmount; to conquer; to subdue; as, to overcome enemies in battle. This wretched woman overcome Of anguish, rather than of crime, hath been. Spenser.

2. To overflow; to surcharge. [Obs.] J. Philips.

3. To come or pass over; to spreads over. [Obs.] And overcome us like a summer's cloud. Shak.

Syn. -- To conquer; subdue; vanquish; overpower; overthrow; overturn; defeat; crush; overbear; overwhelm; prostrate; beat; surmount. See Conquer.

OVERCOME O`ver*come", v. i.

Defn: To gain the superiority; to be victorious. Rev. iii. 21.

OVERCOMER O`ver*com"er, n.

Defn: One who overcomes.

OVERCOMING O`ver*com"ing, a.

Defn: Conquering; subduing. -- O`ver*com"ing*ly, adv.

OVERCONFIDENCE O"ver*con"fi*dence, n.

Defn: Excessive confidence; too great reliance or trust.

OVERCONFIDENT O"ver*con"fi*dent, a.

Defn: Confident to excess. -- O"ver*con"fi*dent*ly, adv.

OVERCOSTLY O"ver*cost"ly, a.

Defn: Too costly. Milton.

OVERCOUNT O`ver*count", v. t.

Defn: To rate too high; to outnumber. Shak.

OVERCOVER O`ver*cov"er, v. t.

Defn: To cover up. Shak.

OVERCREDULOUS O"ver*cred"u*lous, a.

Defn: Too credulous.

OVERCROW O`ver*crow", v. t.

Defn: To crow, exult, or boast, over; to overpower. Spenser. Shak.

OVERCROWD O`ver*crowd", v. t.

Defn: To crowd too much.

OVERCUNNING O"ver*cun"ning, a.

Defn: Exceedingly or excessively cunning.

OVERCURIOUS O"ver*cu"ri*ous, a.

Defn: Too curious.

OVERDARE O`ver*dare", v. t. & i.

Defn: To dare too much or rashly; to be too daring.

OVERDATE O`ver*date", v. t.

Defn: To date later than the true or proper period. Milton.

OVERDEAL O"ver*deal`, n.

Defn: The excess. [Obs.] The overdeal in the price will be double. Holland.

OVERDELICATE O"ver*del"i*cate, a.

Defn: Too delicate.

OVERDELIGHTED O"ver*de*light"ed, a.

Defn: Delighted beyond measure.

OVERDEVELOP O`ver*de*vel"op, v. t.

Defn: To develop excessively; specif. (Photog.),

Defn: to subject (a plate or film) too long to the developing process.

OVERDIGHT O"ver*dight", a.

Defn: Covered over. [Obs.] Spenser.

OVERDO O`ver*do", v. t. [imp. Overdid; p. p. Overdone; p. pr. & vb. n. Overdoing.]

1. To do too much; to exceed what is proper or true in doing; to exaggerate; to carry too far. Anything so overdone is from the purpose of playing. Shak.

2. To overtask. or overtax; to fatigue; to exhaust; as, to overdo one's strength.

3. To surpass; to excel. [R.] Tennyson.

4. To cook too much; as, to overdo the meat.

OVERDO O`ver*do", v. i.

Defn: To labor too hard; to do too much.

OVERDOER O`ver*do"er, n.

Defn: One who overdoes.

OVERDOSE O`ver*dose", v. t.

Defn: To dose to excess; to give an overdose, or too many doses, to.

OVERDOSE O"ver*dose`, n.

Defn: Too great a dose; an excessive dose.

OVERDRAFT O"ver*draft`, n. (Banking)

Defn: The act of overdrawing; also, the amount or sum overdrawn.

OVERDRAW O`ver*draw", v. t. [imp. Overdrew; p. p. Overdrawn; p. pr. & vb. n. Overdrawing.]

1. To exaggerate; to overdo.

2. (Banking)

Defn: To make drafts upon or against, in excess of the proper amount or limit.

OVERDRESS O`ver*dress", v. t.

Defn: To dress or adorn to excess; to dress too much. Pope.

OVERDRINK O`ver*drink", v. t. & i.

Defn: To drink to excess.

OVERDRIVE O`ver*drive", v. t. & i.

Defn: To drive too hard, or far, or beyond strength.

OVERDROWN O`ver*drown", v. t.

Defn: To wet or drench to excess. [Obs.] W. Browne.

OVERDRY O`ver*dry", v. t.

Defn: To dry too much. Burton.

OVERDUE O"ver*due", a.

Defn: Due and more than due; delayed beyond the proper time of arrival or payment, etc.; as, an overdue vessel; an overdue note.

OVERDYE O`ver*dye", v. t.

Defn: To dye with excess of color; to put one color over (another). Shak.

OVEREAGER O`ver*ea"ger, a.

Defn: Too eager; too impatient. -- O`ver*ea"ger*ly, adv. -- O"ver*ea"ger*ness, n.

OVEREARNEST O`ver*ear"nest, a.

Defn: Too earnest. -- O"ver*ear"nest*ly, adv. -- O"ver*ear"nest*ness, n.

OVEREAT O`ver*eat", v. t. & i.

1. To gnaw all over, or on all sides. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To eat to excess; -- often with a reflexive.

OVERELEGANT O"ver*el"e*gant, a.

Defn: Too elegant. Johnson.

OVEREMPTY O`ver*emp"ty, v. t.

Defn: To make too empty; to exhaust. [R.] Carew.

OVEREST O"ver*est, a. [Superl. of Over.]

Defn: Uppermost; outermost. Full threadbare was his overeste courtepy. Chaucer.

OVERESTIMATE O`ver*es"ti*mate, v. t.

Defn: To estimate too highly; to overvalue.

OVERESTIMATE O`ver*es"ti*mate, n.

Defn: An estimate that is too high; as, an overestimate of the vote.

OVEREXCITE O`ver*ex*cite", v. t.

Defn: To excite too much.

OVEREXCITEMENT O"ver*ex*cite"ment, n.

Defn: Excess of excitement; the state of being overexcited.

OVEREXERT O`ver*ex*ert", v. t.

Defn: To exert too much.

OVEREXERTION O"ver*ex*er"tion, n.

Defn: Excessive exertion.

OVEREXPOSE O`ver*ex*pose", v. t.

Defn: To expose excessively; specif. (Photog.),

Defn: to subject (a plate or film) too long to the actinic action of the light used in producing a picture. -- O`ver*ex*po"sure (#), n.

OVEREXQUISITE O"ver*ex"qui*site, a.

Defn: Too exquisite; too exact or nice; too careful.

OVEREYE O`ver*eye", v. t.

1. To superintend; to oversee; to inspect. [Obs.]

2. To see; to observe. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERFALL O"ver*fall`, n.

1. A cataract; a waterfall. [Obs.]

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A turbulent surface of water, caused by strong currents setting over submerged ridges; also, a dangerous submerged ridge or shoal.

OVERFATIGUE O"ver*fa*tigue", n.

Defn: Excessive fatigue.

OVERFATIGUE O`ver*fa*tigue", v. t.

Defn: To fatigue to excess; to tire out.

OVERFEED O`ver*feed", v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Overfed; p. pr. & vb. n. Overfeeding.]

Defn: To feed to excess; to surfeit.

OVERFIERCE O"ver*fierce", a.

Defn: Excessively fierce.

OVERFILL o`ver*fill", v. t.

Defn: To fill to excess; to surcharge.

OVERFISH O`ver*fish", v. t.

Defn: To fish to excess.

OVERFLOAT O`ver*float", v. t.

Defn: To overflow. [R.] Dryden.

OVERFLOURISH O`ver*flour"ish, v. t.

1. To make excessive display or flourish of. Collier.

2. To embellish with outward ornaments or flourishes; to varnish over. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERFLOW O`ver*flow", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overflowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Overflowing.] Etym: [AS. oferfl. See Over, and Flow.]

1. To flow over; to cover woth, or as with, water or other fluid; to spread over; to inundate; to overwhelm. The northern nations overflowed all Christendom. Spenser.

2. To flow over the brim of; to fill more than full.

OVERFLOW O`ver*flow", v. i.

1. To run over the bounds.

2. To be superabundant; to abound. Rogers.

OVERFLOW O"ver*flow`, n.

1. A flowing over, as of water or other fluid; an inundation. Bacon.

2. That which flows over; a superfluous portion; a superabundance. Shak.

3. An outlet for the escape of surplus liquid. Overflow meeting, a meeting constituted of the surplus or overflow of another audience.

OVERFLOWING O`ver*flow"ing, n.

Defn: An overflow; that which overflows; exuberance; copiousness. He was ready to bestow the overflowings of his full mind on anybody who would start a subject. Macaulay.

OVERFLOWINGLY O`ver*flow"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In great abundance; exuberantly. Boyle.

OVERFLUSH O`ver*flush", v. t.

Defn: To flush to excess. [R.]

OVERFLUTTER O`ver*flut"ter, v. t.

Defn: To flutter over.

OVERFLUX O"ver*flux`, n.

Defn: Overflow; exuberance. [R.]

OVERFLY O`ver*fly", v. t. [imp. Overflew; p. p. Overflown; p. pr. & vb. n. Overflying.]

Defn: To cross or pass over by flight. Byron.

OVERFOND O"ver*fond"

Defn: , Milton. -- O"ver*fond"ly, adv. -- O"ver*fond"ness, n.

OVERFORCE O"ver*force`, n.

Defn: Excessive force; violence.

OVERFORWARD O"ver*for"ward, a.

Defn: Forward to excess; too forward. -- O"ver*for"ward*ness, n.

OVERFREE O"ver*free", a.

Defn: Free to excess; too liberal; too familiar. -- O"ver*free"ly, adv.

OVERFREIGHT O`ver*freight", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overfreighted (Overfraught, obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Overfreighting.]

Defn: To put too much freight in or upon; to load too full, or too heavily; to overload.

OVERFREQUENT O"ver*fre"quent, a.

Defn: Too frequent.

OVERFRIEZE O`ver*frieze", v. t.

Defn: To cover with a frieze, or as with a frieze. E. Hall.

OVERFRONT O`ver*front", v. t.

Defn: To confront; to oppose; to withstand. [Obs.] Milton.

OVERFRUITFUL O"ver*fruit"ful, a.

Defn: Too fruitful.

OVERFULL O"ver*full", a. Etym: [AS. oferfull.]

Defn: Too full; filled to overflowing; excessively full; surfeited. Shak.

OVERFULLNESS O"ver*full"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being excessively or abnormally full, so as to cause overflow, distention, or congestion; excess of fullness; surfeit.

OVER-GARMENT O"ver-gar`ment, n.

Defn: An outer garment.

OVERGARRISON O`ver*gar"ri*son, v. t.

Defn: To garrison to excess.

OVERGAZE O`ver*gaze", v. t.

Defn: To gaze; to overlook. [Poetic] "Earth's o'ergazing mountains." Byron.

OVERGET O`ver*get", v. t.

1. To reach; to overtake; to pass. [Obs.]

2. To get beyond; to get over or recover from. [R.]

OVERGILD O`ver*gild", v. t. Etym: [AS. ofergyldan.]

Defn: To gild over; to varnish.

OVERGIRD O`ver*gird", v. t.

Defn: To gird too closely. [R.]

OVERGIVE O`ver*give", v. t.

Defn: To give over; to surrender; to yield. [Obs.] Spenser.

OVERGLAD O"ver*glad", a.

Defn: Excessively or unduly glad.

OVERGLANCE O`ver*glance", v. t.

Defn: To glance over.

OVERGLAZE O"ver*glaze`, a. (Ceramics) (a) Applied over the glaze; -- said of enamel paintings, which sometimes are seen to project from the surface of the ware. (b) Suitable for applying upon the glaze; -- said of vitrifiable colors used in ceramic decoration.

OVERGLIDE O`ver*glide", v. t.

Defn: To glide over. Wyatt.

OVERGLOOM O`ver*gloom", v. t.

Defn: To spread gloom over; to make gloomy; to overshadow. [R.] Overgloomed by memories of sorrow. De Quincey.

OVERGO O`ver*go", v. t. [imp. Overwent; p. p. Overgone; p. pr. & vb. n. Overgoing.] Etym: [AS. ofergan.]

1. To travel over. [R.] Shak.

2. To exceed; to surpass. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

3. To cover. [Obs.] Chapman.

4. To oppress; to weigh down. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERGORGE O`ver*gorge", v. t.

Defn: To gorge to excess.

OVERGRACE O`ver*grace", v. t.

Defn: To grace or honor exceedingly or beyond desert. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

OVERGRASSED O"ver*grassed", a.

Defn: Overstocked, or overgrown, or covered, with grass. [Obs.] Spenser.

OVERGREAT O`ver*great", a.

Defn: Too great.

OVERGREATNESS O"ver*great"ness, n.

Defn: Excessive greatness.

OVERGREEDY O"ver*greed"y, a.

Defn: Excessively greedy.

OVERGROSS O"ver*gross", a.

Defn: Too gross.

OVERGROUND O"ver*ground", a.

Defn: Situated over or above ground; as, the overground portion of a plant.

OVERGROW O`ver*grow", v. t. [imp. Overgrew; p. p. Overgrown; p. pr. & vb. n. Overgrowing.]

1. To grow over; to cover with growth or herbage, esp. that which is rank. The green . . . is rough and overgrown. Sir W. Scott.

2. To grow beyond; to rise above; hence, to overcome; to oppress. [Obs.] Mortimer. "O'ergrown with labor." Beau. & Fl. [Usually in the past participle.]

OVERGROW O`ver*grow", v. i.

Defn: To grow beyond the fit or natural size; as, a huge, overgrown ox. L'Estrange.

OVERGROWTH O"ver*growth`, n.

Defn: Excessive growth.

OVERHALE O`ver*hale", v. t.

Defn: See Overhaul. [Obs.]

OVERHALL O`ver*hall", v. t.

Defn: See Overhaul. [Obs.]

OVERHAND O"ver*hand`, n.

Defn: The upper hand; advantage; superiority; mastery. He had gotten thereby a great overhand on me. Sir T. More.

OVERHAND O"ver*hand`, a.

1. (Sewing)

Defn: Over and over; -- applied to a style of sewing, or to a seam, in which two edges, usually selvedges, are sewed together by passing each stitch over both.

2. (Baseball, Cricket, etc.)

Defn: Done (as pitching or bowling) with the hand higher than the elbow, or the arm above, or higher than, the shoulder. Overhand knot. See Illustration of Knot.

OVERHAND O"ver*hand`, adv.

Defn: In an overhand manner or style.

OVERHANDLE O`ver*han"dle, v. t.

Defn: To handle, or use, too much; to mention too often. Shak.

OVERHANG O`ver*hang", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overhung; p. pr. & vb. n. Overhanging.]

1. To impend or hang over. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

2. To hang over; to jut or project over. Pope.

OVERHANG O`ver*hang", v. i.

Defn: To jut over. Milton.

OVERHANG O`ver*hang`, n. (Arch.)

1. In a general sense, that which just out or projects; a projection; also, the measure of the projection; as, the overhang is five feet.

2. Specifically: The projection of an upper part (as a roof, an upper story, or other part) of a building beyond the lower part; as, the overhang of a roof, of the eaves, etc.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: The portion of the bow or stem of a vessel that projects over the water beyond the water line.

4. (Mach.)

Defn: The projection of a part beyond another part that is directly below it, or beyond a part by which it is supported; as, the overhang of a shaft; i. e., its projection beyond its bearing.

OVERHAPPY O"ver*hap"py, a.

Defn: Exceedingly happy. Shak.

OVERHARDEN O`ver*hard"en, v. t.

Defn: To harden too much; to make too hard. Boyle.

OVERHARDY O"ver*har"dy, a.

Defn: Too hardy; overbold.

OVERHASTE O"ver*haste`, n.

Defn: Too great haste.

OVERHASTY O"ver*has"ty, a.

Defn: Too hasty; precipitate; rash. -- O"ver*has"ti*ly, adv. -- O`ver*has"ti*ness, n.

OVERHAUL O`ver*haul", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overhauled; p. pr. & vb. n. Overhauling.]

1. To haul or drag over; hence, to turn over for examination; to inspect; to examine thoroughly with a view to corrections or repairs.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: To gain upon in a chase; to overtake. To overhaul a tackle, to pull on the leading parts so as to separate the blocks. -- To overhaul running rigging, to keep it clear, and see that no hitch occurs.

OVERHAUL; OVERHAULING O"ver*haul`, O`ver*haul"ing, n.

Defn: A strict examination with a view to correction or repairs.

OVERHEAD O`ver*head", adv.

Defn: Aloft; above; in or attached to the ceiling or roof; in the story or upon the floor above; in the zenith. While overhead the moon Sits arbitress. Milton.

Note: Also used adjectively; as, an overhead crane, gear, etc. Overhead engine, a vertical steam engine in which the cylinder stands above the crank. -- Overhead work, a general term in manufactories for countershafting and gearing, when overhead.

OVERHEAD CHARGES; OVERHEAD EXPENSES O"ver*head" charges, expenses, etc. (Accounting)

Defn: Those general charges or expenses in any business which cannot be charged up as belonging exclusively to any particular part of the work or product, as where different kinds of goods are made, or where there are different departments in a business; -- called also fixed, establishment, or (in a manufacturing business) administration, selling, and distribution, charges, etc.

OVERHEAR O`ver*hear", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overheard; p. pr. & vb. n. Overhearing.] Etym: [AS. oferhiéran.]

1. To hear more of (anything) than was intended to be heard; to hear by accident or artifice. Shak.

2. To hear again. ShaK.

OVERHEAT O`ver*heat", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Superheat.]

Defn: To heat to excess; to superheat. Cowper.

OVERHEAVY O"ver*heav`y, a.

Defn: Excessively heavy.

OVERHELE O`ver*hele", v. t. Etym: [AS. oferhelian.]

Defn: To hele or cover over. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

OVERHENT O`ver*hent", v. t. Etym: [See Hent.]

Defn: To overtake. [Obs.] So forth he went and soon them overhent. Spenser.

OVERHIGH O"ver*high", a. Etym: [AS. oferheáh.]

Defn: Too high.

OVERHIGHLY O"ver*high"ly, adv.

Defn: Too highly; too greatly.

OVERHIP O`ver*hip", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overhipped; p. pr. & vb. n. Overhipping.] Etym: [Over + a word akin to E. hop to skip.]

Defn: To pass over by, or as by a hop; to skip over; hence, to overpass. [Obs.] "When the time is overhipt." Holland.

OVERHOLD O`ver*hold", v. t.

Defn: To hold or value too highly; to estimate at too dear a rate. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERHUNG O"ver*hung", a.

1. Covered over; ornamented with hangings. Carlyle.

2. Suspended from above or from the top. Overhung door, a sliding door, suspended door, suspended from the top, as upon rollers.

OVERINFLUENCE O`ver*in"flu*ence, v. t.

Defn: To influence in an excessive degree; to have undue influence over.

OVERINFORM O`ver*in*form", v. t.

Defn: To inform, fill, or animate, excessively. [R.] Johnson.

OVERISSUE O"ver*is"sue, n.

Defn: An excessive issue; an issue, as of notes or bonds, exceeding the limit of capital, credit, or authority. An overissue of government paper. Brougham.

OVERISSUE O`ver*is"sue, v. t.

Defn: To issue in excess.

OVERJEALOUS O`ver*jeal"ous, a. Etym: [Over + jealous. Cf. Overzealous.]

Defn: Excessively jealous; too jealous.

OVERJOY O`ver*joy", v. t.

Defn: To make excessively joyful; to gratify extremely.

OVERJOY O"ver*joy`, n.

Defn: Excessive joy; transport.

OVERJUMP O`ver*jump", v. t.

Defn: To jump over; hence, to omit; to ignore. Marston.

OVERKING O"ver*king`, n.

Defn: A king who has sovereignty over inferior kings or ruling princes. J. R. Green.

OVERKNOWING O"ver*know"ing, a.

Defn: Too knowing or too cunning.

OVERLABOR O`ver*la"bor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overlabored; p. pr. & vb. n. Overlaboring.]

1. To cause to labor excessively; to overwork. Dryden.

2. To labor upon excessively; to refine unduly.

OVERLADE O`ver*lade", v. t. [imp. Overladed; p. p. Overladen; p. pr. & vb. n. Overlading.] Etym: [Cf. Overload.]

Defn: To load with too great a cargo; to overburden; to overload. Spenser.

OVERLAND O"ver*land`, a.

Defn: Being, or accomplished, over the land, instead of by sea; as, an overland journey.

OVERLAND O"ver*land`, adv.

Defn: By, upon, or across, land.

OVERLANDER O"ver*land`er, n.

Defn: One who travels over lands or countries; one who travels overland.

OVERLANGUAGED O"ver*lan"guaged, a.

Defn: Employing too many words; diffuse. Lowell.

OVERLAP O`ver*lap", v. t. & i.

Defn: To lap over; to lap.

OVERLAP O"ver*lap`, n.

1. The lapping of one thing over another; as, an overlap of six inches; an overlap of a slate on a roof.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: An extension of geological beds above and beyond others, as in a conformable series of beds, when the upper beds extend over a wider space than the lower, either in one or in all directions.

OVERLARGE O"ver*large", a.

Defn: Too large; too great.

OVERLARGENESS O"ver*large"ness, n.

Defn: Excess of size or bulk.

OVERLASH O`ver*lash", v. i. Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. lash extravagant, lashing lavish.]

Defn: To drive on rashly; to go to excess; hence, to exaggerate; to boast. [Obs.] Barrow.

OVERLASHING O`ver*lash"ing, n.

Defn: Excess; exaggeration. [Obs.]

OVERLATE O"ver*late", a.

Defn: Too late; exceedingly late.

OVERLAVE O`ver*lave", v. t.

Defn: To lave or bathe over.

OVERLAVISH O"ver*lav"ish, a.

Defn: Lavish to excess.

OVERLAY O`ver*lay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overlaid; p. pr. & vb. n. Overlaying.]

1. To lay, or spread, something over or across; hence, to cover; to overwhelm; to press excessively upon. When any country is overlaid by the multitude which live upon it. Sir W. Raleigh. As when a cloud his beams doth overlay. Spenser. Framed of cedar overlaid with gold. Milton. And overlay With this portentous bridge the dark abyss. Milton.

2. To smother with a close covering, or by lying upon. This woman's child died in the night; because she overlaid it. 1 Kings iii. 19. A heap of ashes that o'erlays your fire. Dryden.

3. (Printing)

Defn: To put an overlay on.

OVERLAY O"ver*lay`, n.

1. A covering. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Printing)

Defn: A piece of paper pasted upon the tympan sheet to improve the impression by making it stronger at a particular place.

OVERLAYER O"ver*lay"er, n.

Defn: One who overlays; that with which anything is overlaid.

OVERLAYING O"ver*lay"ing, n.

Defn: A superficial covering; a coating.

OVERLEAD O`ver*lead", v. t.

Defn: To domineer over; to affront; to treat with indignity. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OVERLEAP O`ver*leap", v. t. Etym: [AS. oferhleápan. See Over, and Leap.]

Defn: To leap over or across; hence, to omit; to ignore. "Let me o'erleap that custom." Shak.

OVERLEARNED O"ver*learn"ed, a.

Defn: Too learned. -- O"ver*learn"ed, adv. -- O"ver*learn"ed*ness, n.

OVERLEATHER O"ver*leath`er, n.

Defn: Upper leather. Shak.

OVERLEAVEN O`ver*leav"en, v. t.

Defn: To leaven too much; hence, to change excessively; to spoil. [Obs.]

OVERLIBERAL O"ver*lib"er*al, a.

Defn: Too liberal.

OVERLIBERALLY O"ver*lib"er*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an overliberal manner.

OVERLICK O`ver*lick", v. t.

Defn: To lick over.

OVERLIE O`ver*lie", v. t. [imp. Overlay; p. p. Overlain; p. pr. & vb. n. Overlying.]

Defn: To lie over or upon; specifically, to suffocate by lying upon; as, to overlie an infant. Quain. A woman by negligence overlieth her child in her sleeping. Chaucer.

OVERLIGHT O"ver*light`, n.

Defn: Too strong a light. Bacon.

OVERLIGHT O"ver*light", a.

Defn: Too light or frivolous; giddy.

OVERLINESS O"ver*li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being overly; carelessness. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

OVERLINGER O"ver*lin"ger, v. t.

Defn: To cause to linger; to detain too long. [Obs.] Fuller.

OVERLIP O"ver*lip`, n. Etym: [AS. oferlibban.]

Defn: The upper lip. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OVERLIVE O`ver*live", v. t.

Defn: To outlive. Sir P. Sidney. The culture of Northumbria overlived the term of its political supermacy. Earle.

OVERLIVE O`ver*live", v. i.

Defn: To live too long, too luxuriously, or too actively. Milton. "Overlived in this close London life." Mrs. Browning.

OVERLIVER O"ver*liv"er, n.

Defn: A survivor. Bacon.

OVERLOAD O`ver*load", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overloaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Overloading.] Etym: [Cf. Overlade.]

Defn: To load or fill to excess; to load too heavily.

OVERLOAD O"ver*load`, n.

Defn: An excessive load; the excess beyond a proper load.

OVERLOGICAL O"ver*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Excessively logical; adhering too closely to the forms or rules of logic.

OVERLONG O"ver*long", a. & adv.

Defn: Too long. Shak.

OVERLOOK O`ver*look", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overlooked; p. pr. & vb. n. Overlooking.]

1. To look down upon from a place that is over or above; to look over or view from a higher position; to rise above, so as to command a view of; as, to overlook a valley from a hill. "The pile o'erlooked the town." Dryden. [Titan] with burning eye did hotly overlook them. Shak.

2. Hence: To supervise; to watch over; sometimes, to observe secretly; as, to overlook a gang of laborers; to overlook one who is writing a letter.

3. To inspect; to examine; to look over carefully or repeatedly. "Overlook this pedigree." Shak. The time and care that are required To overlook and file and polish well. Roscommon.

4. To look upon with an evil eye; to bewitch by looking upon; to fascinate. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Shak. If you trouble me I will overlook you, and then your pigs will die. C. Kingsley.

5. To look over and beyond (anything) without seeing it; to miss or omit in looking; hence, to refrain from bestowing notice or attention upon; to neglect; to pass over without censure or punishment; to excuse. The times of ignorance therefore God overlooked. Acts xvii. 30 (Rev. Ver. ) They overlook truth in the judgments they pass. Atterbury. The pardoning and overlooking of faults. Addison.

OVERLOOKER O"ver*look"er, n.

Defn: One who overlooks.

OVERLOOP O"ver*loop`, n.

Defn: See Orlop. [Obs.]

OVERLORD O"ver*lord`, n.

Defn: One who is lord over another or others; a superior lord; a master. Freeman.

OVERLORDSHIP O"ver*lord"ship, n.

Defn: Lordship or supremacy of a person or a people over others. J. R. Green.

OVERLOUD O"ver*loud", a.

Defn: Too loud; noisy.

OVERLOVE O`ver*love", v. t.

Defn: To love to excess.

OVERLUSCIOUS O"ver*lus"cious, a.

Defn: Excessively luscious.

OVERLUSTY O"ver*lust"y, a.

Defn: Too lusty, or lively. Shak.

OVERLY O"ver*ly, a.

1. Careless; negligent; inattentive; superfical; not thorough. [Archaic] Bp. Hall.

2. Excessive; too much. [R.] Coleridge.

OVERLY O"ver*ly, adv.

Defn: In an overly manner. [Archaic]

OVERLYING O`ver*ly"ing, a.

Defn: Lying over or upon something; as, overlying rocks.

OVERMAGNIFY O`ver*mag"ni*fy, v. t.

Defn: To magnify too much. Bp. Hall.

OVERMALAPERT O"ver*mal"a*pert, a.

Defn: Excessively malapert or impudent. [Obs.] Prynne.

OVERMAN O"ver*man, n.; pl. -men.

1. One in authority over others; a chief; usually, an overseer or boss.

2. An arbiter.

3. In the philosophy of Nietzsche, a man of superior physique and powers capable of dominating others; one fitted to survive in an egoistic struggle for the mastery.

OVERMANNER O"ver*man`ner, adv.

Defn: In an excessive manner; excessively. [Obs.] Wiclif.

OVERMARCH O`ver*march", v. t. & i.

Defn: To march too far, or too much; to exhaust by marching. Baker.

OVERMAST O`ver*mast", v. t. (Naut.)

Defn: To furnish (a vessel) with too long or too heavy a mast or masts.

OVERMASTER O`ver*mas"ter, v. t.

Defn: To overpower; to subdue; to vanquish; to govern.

OVERMATCH O`ver*match", v. t.

1. To be more than equal to or a match for; hence, to vanquish. Drayton.

2. To marry (one) to a superior. [Obs.] Burton.

OVERMATCH O"ver*match`, n.

Defn: One superior in power; also, an unequal match; a contest in which one of the opponents is overmatched. Milton. D. Webster.

OVERMEASURE O`ver*meas"ure, v. t.

Defn: To measure or estimate too largely.

OVERMEASURE O"ver*meas`ure, n.

Defn: Excessive measure; the excess beyond true or proper measure; surplus.

OVERMEDDLE O`ver*med"dle, v. t.

Defn: To meddle unduly.

OVERMEDDLING O`ver*med"dling, n.

Defn: Excessive interference. "Justly shent for their overmeddling." Fuller.

OVERMELLOW O"ver*mel"low, a.

Defn: Too mellow; overripe.

OVERMERIT O"ver*mer"it, n.

Defn: Excessive merit. Bacon.

OVERMICKLE O"ver*mic"kle, a. & adv.

Defn: Overmuch. [Obs. or Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

OVERMIX O`ver*mix", v. t.

Defn: To mix with too much.

OVERMODEST O"ver*mod"est, a.

Defn: Modest to excess; bashful. -- O"ver*mod"est*ly, adv.

OVERMOIST O"ver*moist", a.

Defn: Excessively moist. Bacon.

OVERMOISTURE O"ver*mois"ture, n.

Defn: Excess of moisture.

OVERMORE O"ver*more", adv.

Defn: Beyond; moreover. [Obs.]

OVERMORROW O"ver*mor"row, n.

Defn: The day after or following to-morrow. [Obs.] Bible (1551).

OVERMOST O"ver*most`, a.

Defn: Over the rest in authority; above all others; highest. [Obs.] Fabyan.

OVERMOUNT O`ver*mount", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Surmount.]

Defn: To mount over; to go higher than; to rise above.

OVERMUCH O"ver*much", a.

Defn: Too much. -- adv.

Defn: In too great a degree; too much. -- n.

Defn: An excess; a surplus.

OVERMUCHNESS O`ver*much"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being in excess; superabundance. [R.] B. Jonson.

OVERMULTIPLY O`ver*mul"ti*ply, v. t. & i.

Defn: To multiply or increase too much; to repeat too often.

OVERMULTITUDE O`ver*mul"ti*tude, v. t.

Defn: To outnumber. [Obs.]

OVERNAME O`ver*name", v. t.

Defn: To name over or in a series; to recount. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERNEAT O"ver*neat", a.

Defn: Excessively neat. Spectator.

OVERNICE O"ver*nice", a.

Defn: Excessively nice; fastidious. Bp. Hall. -- O"ver*nice"ly, adv. -- O"ver*nice"ness, n.

OVERNIGHT O"ver*night`, n.

Defn: The fore part of the night last past; the previous evening. [R.] Shak.

OVERNIGHT O"ver*night", adv.

Defn: In the fore part of the night last past; in the evening before; also, during the night; as, the candle will not last overnight. I had been telling her all that happened overnight. Dickens.

OVERNOISE O`ver*noise", v. t.

Defn: To overpower by noise.

OVERNUMEROUS O"ver*nu"mer*ous, a.

Defn: Excessively numerous; too many.

OVEROFFICE O`ver*of"fice, v. t.

Defn: To domineer over by virtue of office. [Obs.] Shak.

OVEROFFICIOUS O"ver*of*fi"cious, a.

Defn: Too busy; too ready to intermeddle; too officious. Collier.

OVERPAINT O`ver*paint", v. t.

Defn: To color or describe too strongly. Sir W. Raleigh.

OVERPAMPER O`ver*pam"per, v. t.

Defn: To pamper excessively; to feed or dress too much. Dryton.

OVERPART O`ver*part", v. t.

Defn: To give too important or difficult a part to. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

OVERPASS O`ver*pass", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overpassed; p. pr. & vb. n. Overpassing.] Etym: [Cf. Surpass.]

1. To go over or beyond; to cross; as, to overpass a river; to overpass limits.

2. To pass over; to omit; to overlook; to disregard. All the beauties of the East He slightly viewed and slightly overpassed. Milton.

3. To surpass; to excel. [R.] R. Browning.

OVERPASS O`ver*pass", v. i.

Defn: To pass over, away, or off.

OVERPASSIONATE O"ver*pas"sion*ate, a.

Defn: Passionate to excess. -- O"ver*pas"sion*ate*ly, adv.

OVERPATIENT O"ver*pa"tient, a.

Defn: Patient to excess.

OVERPAY O`ver*pay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overpaid; p. pr. & vb. n. Overpaying.]

Defn: To pay too much to; to reward too highly.

OVERPEER O`ver*peer", v. t.

Defn: To peer over; to rise above.

OVERPEOPLE O`ver*peo"ple, v. t.

Defn: To people too densely.

OVERPERCH O`ver*perch", v. t.

Defn: To perch upon; to fly over. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERPERSUADE O`ver*per*suade", v. t.

Defn: To persuade or influence against one's inclination or judgment. Pope.

OVERPESTER O`ver*pes"ter, v. t.

Defn: To pester exceedingly or excessively. Sir W. Raleigh.

OVERPICTURE O`ver*pic"ture, v. t.

Defn: To surpass nature in the picture or representation of. [Obs.] "O'erpicturing that Venus." Shak.

OVERPLEASE O`ver*please", v. t.

Defn: To please excessively.

OVERPLUS O"ver*plus, n. Etym: [Over + L. plus more. See Plus, and cf. Surplus.]

Defn: That which remains after a supply, or beyond a quantity proposed; surplus. Shak. "The overplus of a great fortune." Addison.

OVERPLY O`ver*ply", v. t.

Defn: To ply to excess; to exert with too much vigor; to overwork. Milton.

OVERPOISE O`ver*poise", v. t.

Defn: To outweigh; to overbalance. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

OVERPOISE O"ver*poise`, n.

Defn: Preponderant weight; a counterbalance. [R.] Mrs. Browning.

OVERPOLISH O`ver*pol"ish, v. t.

Defn: To polish too much.

OVERPONDEROUS O"ver*pon"der*ous, a.

Defn: Too heavy.

OVERPOST O`ver*post", v. t.

Defn: To post over; to pass over swiftly, as by post. Shak.

OVERPOTENT O"ver*po"tent, a.

Defn: Too potent or powerful.

OVERPOWER O`ver*pow"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overpowered; p. pr. & vb. n. Overpowering.]

Defn: To excel or exceed in power; to cause to yield; to vanquish; to subdue; as, the light overpowers the eyes. "And overpower'd that gallant few." Wordsworth.

Syn. -- To overbear; overcome; vanquish; defeat; crush; overwhelm; overthrow; rout; conquer; subdue.

OVERPOWER O"ver*pow`er, n.

Defn: A dominating power. Bacon.

OVERPOWERING O`ver*pow"er*ing, a.

Defn: Excelling in power; too powerful; irresistible. -- O`ver*pow"er*ing*ly, adv.

OVERPRAISE O`ver*praise", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Overprize, Superpraise.]

Defn: To praise excessively or unduly.

OVERPRAISING O`ver*prais"ing, n.

Defn: The act of praising unduly; excessive praise. Milton.

OVERPRESS O`ver*press", v. t.

1. To bear upon with irresistible force; to crush; to overwhelm. Shak.

2. To overcome by importunity. Johnson.

OVERPRESSURE O"ver*pres"sure, n.

Defn: Excessive pressure or urging. London Athenæum.

OVERPRIZE O`ver*prize", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Overpraise.]

Defn: Toprize excessively; to overvalue. Sir H. Wotton.

OVERPRODUCTION O"ver*pro*duc"tion, n.

Defn: Excessive production; supply beyond the demand. J. S. Mill.

OVERPROMPT O"ver*prompt", a.

Defn: Too prompt; too ready or eager; precipitate. -- O`ver*prompt"ness, n.

OVERPROOF O"ver*proof", a.

Defn: Containing more alcohol than proof spirit; stronger than proof spirit; that is, containing more than 49.3 per cent by weight of alcohol.

OVERPROPORTION O`ver*pro*por"tion, v. t.

Defn: To make of too great proportion.

OVERPROUD O"ver*proud", a.

Defn: Exceedingly or unduly proud. "Overproud of his victory." Milton.

OVERPROVIDENT O"ver*prov"i*dent, a.

Defn: Too provident.

OVERPROVOKE O`ver*pro*voke", v. t.

Defn: To provoke excessively. Bp. Hall.

OVERQUELL O`ver*quell", v. t.

Defn: To quell or subdue completely. [R.] Bp. Hall.

OVERQUIETNESS O"ver*qui"et*ness, n.

Defn: Too much quietness. Sir. T. Browne.

OVERRAKE O`ver*rake", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overraked; p. pr. & vb. n. Overraking.] (Naut.)

Defn: To rake over, or sweep across, from end to end, as waves that break over a vessel anchored with head to the sea.

OVERRANK O"ver*rank", a.

Defn: Too rank or luxuriant.

OVERRATE O`ver*rate", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Overrating.]

Defn: To rate or value too highly.

OVERRATE O"ver*rate`, n.

Defn: An excessive rate. [R.] Massinger.

OVERREACH O`ver*reach", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overreached, (Overraught (, obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Overreaching.]

1. To reach above or beyond in any direction.

2. To deceive, or get the better of, by artifice or cunning; to outwit; to cheat. Shak.

OVERREACH O`ver*reach", v. i.

1. To reach too far; as: (a) To strike the toe of the hind foot against the heel or shoe of the forefoot; -- said of horses. (b) (Naut.) To sail on one tack farther than is necessary. Shak.

2. To cheat by cunning or deception.

OVERREACH O"ver*reach`, n.

Defn: The act of striking the heel of the fore foot with the toe of the hind foot; -- said of horses.

OVERREACHER O`ver*reach"er, n.

Defn: One who overreaches; one who cheats; a cheat.

OVERREAD O`ver*read", v. t.

Defn: To read over, or peruse. Shak.

OVERREADY O"ver*read"y, a.

Defn: Too ready. -- O"ver*read"*i*ly, adv. -- O"ver*read"i*ness, n.

OVERRECKON O`ver*reck"on, v. t.

Defn: To reckon too highly.

OVERRED O`ver*red", v. t.

Defn: To smear with red. [Obs.]

OVERREFINE O`ver*re*fine", v. t.

Defn: To refine too much.

OVERREFINEMENT O"ver*re*fine"ment, n.

Defn: Excessive refinement.

OVERRENT O`ver*rent", v. t.

Defn: To rent for too much.

OVERRICH O"ver*rich", a.

Defn: Exccessively rich.

OVERRIDE O`ver*ride", v. t. [imp. Overrode; p. p. Overridden, Overrode, Overrid (; p. pr. & vb. n. Overriding.] Etym: [AS. offeridan.]

1. To ride over or across; to ride upon; to trample down. The carter overridden with [i. e., by] his cart. Chaucer.

2. To suppress; to destroy; to supersede; to annul; as, one low overrides another; to override a veto.

3. To ride beyond; to pass; to outride. [Obs.] I overrode him on the way. Shak.

4. To ride too much; to ride, as a horse, beyond its strength.

OVERRIGGED O"ver*rigged", a.

Defn: Having too much rigging.

OVERRIGHTEOUS O"ver*right"eous, a.

Defn: Excessively righteous; -- usually implying hypocrisy.

OVERRIGID O"ver*rig"id, a.

Defn: Too rigid; too severe.

OVERRIGOROUS O"ver*rig"or*ous, a.

Defn: Too rigorous; harsh.

OVERRIPE O"ver*ripe", a.

Defn: Matured to excess. Milton.

OVERRIPEN O`ver*rip"en, v. t.

Defn: To make too ripe. Shak.

OVERROAST O`ver*roast", v. t.

Defn: To roast too much. Shak.

OVERRULE O`ver*rule", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overruled; p. pr. & vb. n. Overruling.]

1. To rule over; to govern or determine by superior authority.

2. To rule or determine in a contrary way; to decide against; to abrogate or alter; as, God overrules the purposes of men; the chairman overruled the point of order. His passion and animosity overruled his conscience. Clarendon. These [difficulties] I had habitually overruled. F. W. Newman.

3. (Law)

Defn: To supersede, reject, annul, or rule against; as, the plea, or the decision, was overruled by the court.

OVERRULE O`ver*rule", v. i.

Defn: To be superior or supreme in rulling or controlling; as, God rules and overrules. Shak.

OVERRULER O`ver*rul"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, controls, governs, or determines. Sir P. Sidney.

OVERRULING O`ver*rul"ing, a.

Defn: Exerting controlling power; as, an overruling Providence. -- O`ver*rul"ing*ly, adv.

OVERRUN O`ver*run", v. t. [imp. Overran; p. p. Overrun; p. pr. & vb. n. Overrunning. ]

1. To run over; to grow or spread over in excess; to invade and occupy; to take possession of; as, the vine overran its trellis; the farm is overrun with witch grass. Those barbarous nations that overran the world. Spenser.

2. To exceed in distance or speed of running; to go beyond or pass in running. Ahimaaz run by the way of the plain, and overran Cushi. 2 Sam. xviii. 23.

3. To go beyond; to extend in part beyond; as, one line overruns another in length.

Note: In machinery, a sliding piece is said to overrun its bearing when its forward end goes beyond it.

4. To abuse or oppress, as if by treading upon. None of them the feeble overran. Spenser.

5. (Print.) (a) To carry over, or back, as type, from one line or page into the next after, or next before. (b) To extend the contents of (a line, column, or page) into the next line, column, or page.

OVERRUN O`ver*run", v. i.

1. To run, pass, spread, or flow over or by something; to be beyond, or in excess. Despised and trodden down of all that overran. Spenser.

2. (Print.)

Defn: To extend beyond its due or desired length; as, a line, or advertisement, overruns.

OVERRUNNER O`ver*run"ner, n.

Defn: One that overruns. Lovelace.

OVERSATURATE O`ver*sat"u*rate, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Supersaturate.]

Defn: To saturate to excess.

OVERSAY O`ver*say", v. t.

Defn: To say over; to repeat. Ford.

OVERSCENTED O`ver*scent"ed, a.

1. Scented excessively.

2. Covered or concealed by a different odor. Fuller.

OVERSCRUPULOSITY O`ver*scru`pu*los"i*ty, n.

Defn: Overscrupulousness.

OVERSCRUPULOUS O`ver*scru"pu*lous, a.

Defn: Scrupulous to excess.

OVERSCRUPULOUSNESS O`ver*scru"pu*lous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being overscrupulous; excess of scrupulousness.

OVERSEA O"ver*sea", a.

Defn: Beyond the sea; foreign.

OVERSEA; OVERSEAS O"ver*sea", O"ver*seas", adv.

Defn: Over the sea; abroad. Milton. Tennyson.

OVERSEARCH O`ver*search", v. t.

Defn: To search all over.

OVERSEASON O`ver*sea"son, v. t.

Defn: To season too highly.

OVERSEE O`ver*see", v. t. [imp. Oversaw; p. p. Overseen; p. pr. & vb. n. Overseeing.] Etym: [AS. oferséon to survey, to despise. See Over, and See.]

1. To superintend; to watch over; to direct; to look or see after; to overlook.

2. To omit or neglect seeing. Spenser.

OVERSEE O`ver*see", v. i.

Defn: To see too or too much; hence, to be deceived. [Obs.] The most expert gamesters may sometimes oversee. Fuller. Your partiality to me is much overseen, if you think me fit to correct your Latin. Walpole.

OVERSEER O`ver*seer", n.

Defn: One who oversees; a superintendent; a supervisor; as, an overseer of a mill; specifically, one or certain public officers; as, an overseer of the poor; an overseer of highways.

OVERSEERSHIP O`ver*seer"ship, n.

Defn: The office of an overseer.

OVERSELL O`ver*sell`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Oversold; p. pr. & vb. n. Overselling. ]

1. To sell for a higher price than; to exceed in selling price. One whose beauty Would oversell all Italy. Beau. & Fl.

2. To sell beyond means of delivery. [Brokers'Cant] Oversold market (Brokers' Cant), a market in which stocks or commodities have been sold "short" to such an extent that it is difficult to obtain them for delivery.

OVERSET O`ver*set", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overset; p. pr. & vb. n. Oversetting. ]

1. To turn or tip (anything) over from an upright, or a proper, position so that it lies upon its side or bottom upwards; to upset; as, to overset a chair, a coach, a ship, or a building. Dryden.

2. To cause to fall, or to tail; to subvert; to overthrow; as, to overset a government or a plot. Addison.

3. To fill too full. [Obs.] Howell.

OVERSET O`ver*set", v. i.

Defn: To turn, or to be turned, over; to be upset. Mortimer.

OVERSET O"ver*set`, n.

1. An upsetting; overturn; overthrow; as, the overset of a carriage.

2. An excess; superfluity. [Obs.] "This overset of wealth and pomp. " Bp. Burnel.

OVERSHADE O`ver*shade`, v. t. Etym: [AS. ofersceadwian. See Over, and Shade, and cf. Overshadow.]

Defn: To cover with shade; to render dark or gloomy; to overshadow. Shak.

OVERSHADOW O`ver*shad"ow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overshadowed(); p. pr. & vb. n. Overshadowing. ] Etym: [Cf. Overshade. ]

1. To throw a shadow, or shade, over; to darken; to obscure. There was a cloud that overshadowed them. Mark ix. 7.

2. Fig.: To cover with a superior influence. Milton.

OVERSHADOWER O"ver*shad"ow*er, n.

Defn: One that throws a shade, or shadow, over anything. Bacon.

OVERSHADOWY O"ver*shad"ow*y, a.

Defn: Overshadowing. [R.]

OVERSHAKE O`ver*shake", v. t.

Defn: To shake over or away; to drive away; to disperse. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OVERSHINE O`ver*shine", v. t.

1. To shine over or upon; to illumine. Shak.

2. To excel in shining; to outshine. Shak.

OVERSHOE O"ver*shoe`, n.

Defn: A shoe that is worn over another for protection from wet or for extra warmth; esp., an India-rubber shoe; a galoche.

OVERSHOOT O`ver*shoot", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overshot; p. pr. & vb. n. Overshooting.]

1. To shoot over or beyond. "Not to overshoot his game." South.

2. To pass swiftly over; to fly beyond. Hartle.

3. To exceed; as, to overshoot the truth. Cowper. To overshoot one's self, to venture too far; to assert too much.

OVERSHOOT O`ver*shoot", v. i.

Defn: To fly beyond the mark. Collier.

OVERSHOT O"ver*shot`, a.

Defn: From Overshoot, v. t. Overshot wheel, a vertical water wheel, the circumference of which is covered with cavities or buckets, and which is turned by water which shoots over the top of it, filling the buckets on the farther side and acting chiefly by its we'ght.

OVERSIGHT O"ver*sight`, n.

1. Watchful care; superintendence; general supervision.

2. An overlooking; an omission; an error. Hooker.

3. Escape from an overlooked peril. [R.] "His fool-happy oversight." Spenser.

Syn. -- Superintendence; supervision; inspection; overlooking; inadvertence; neglect; mistake; error; omission.

OVERSIZE O`ver*size", v. t.

Defn: To surpass in size.

OVERSIZE O`ver*size", v. t.

Defn: To cover with viscid matter. [R.] O'ersized with coagulate gore. Shak.

OVERSKIP O`ver*skip", v. t.

Defn: To skip or leap over; to treat with indifference. Shak.

OVERSKIRT O"ver*skirt`, n.

Defn: An upper skirt, shorter than the dress, and usually draped.

OVERSLAUGH O"ver*slaugh`, n. Etym: [D. overslag.]

Defn: A bar in a river; as, the overslaugh in the Hudson River. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.

OVERSLAUGH O`ver*slaugh", v. t. Etym: [D. overslaan.]

Defn: To hinder or stop, as by an overslaugh or an impediment; as, to overslaugh a bill in a legislative body; to overslaugh a military officer, that is, to hinder his promotion or employment. [Local Cant, U. S.]

OVERSLEEP O`ver*sleep", v. t.

Defn: To sleep beyond; as, to oversleep one's self or one's usual hour of rising.

OVERSLEEP O`ver*sleep", v. i.

Defn: To sleep too long.

OVERSLIDE O`ver*slide", v. t.

Defn: To slide over or by.

OVERSLIP O`ver*slip", v. t.

Defn: To slip or slide over; to pass easily or carelessly beyond; to omit; to neglect; as, to overslip time or opportunity.

OVERSLOP O"ver*slop`, n. Etym: [AS. oferslop.]

Defn: An outer garment, or slop. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OVERSLOW O`ver*slow", v. t.

Defn: To render slow; to check; to curb. [Obs.] Hammond.

OVERSLOW O"ver*slow", a.

Defn: Too slow.

OVERSMAN O"vers*man, n.; pl. Oversmen (.

1. An overseer; a superintendent.

2. (Scots Law)

Defn: An umpire; a third arbiter, appointed when two arbiters, previously selected, disagree.

OVERSNOW O`ver*snow", v. t.

Defn: To cover with snow, or as with snow. [Poetic] Shak. Dryden.

OVERSOON O"ver*soon", adv.

Defn: Too soon. Sir P. Sidney.

OVERSORROW O`ver*sor"row, v. t.

Defn: To grieve or afflict to excess. [Obs.] Milton.

OVERSOUL O"ver*soul`, n.

Defn: The all-containing soul. [R.] That unity, that oversout, within which every man's particular being is contained and made one with all other. Emerson.

OVERSOW O`ver*sow", v. t. Etym: [AS. ofersawan.]

Defn: To sow where something has already been sown. [R.] His enemy came and oversowed cockle among the wheat. Matt. x

OVERSPAN O`ver*span", v. t.

Defn: To reach or extend over.

OVERSPEAK O`ver*speak", v. t. & i. Etym: [AS. ofersprecan.]

Defn: To exceed in speaking; to speak too much; to use too many words.

OVERSPIN O`ver*spin", v. t.

Defn: To spin out to too great length; to protract unduly. W. Cartwright.

OVERSPREAD O`ver*spread", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overspread; p. pr. & vb. n. Overspreading.] Etym: [AS. oferspr.]

Defn: To spread over; to cover; as, the deluge overspread the earth. Chaucer. Those nations of the North Which overspread the world. Drayton.

OVERSPREAD O`ver*spread", v. i.

Defn: To be spread or scattered over.

OVERSPRING O`ver*spring", v. t.

Defn: To spring or leap over.

OVERSTAND O`ver*stand", v. t.

Defn: To stand on the price or conditions of, so as to lose a sale; to lose by an extravagant price or hard conditions. [Obs.] What madman would o'erstand his market twice Dryden.

OVERSTARE O`ver*stare", v. t.

Defn: To outstare. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERSTARE O`ver*stare", v. i.

Defn: To stare wildly. [Obs.] Ascham.

OVERSTATE O`ver*state", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overstated; p. pr. & vb. n. Overstating.]

Defn: To state in too strong terms; to exaggerate. Fuller.

OVERSTATEMENT O"ver*state"ment, n.

Defn: An exaggerated statement or account.

OVERSTAY O`ver*stay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overstayed or Overstaid (; p. pr. & vb. n. Overstaying.]

Defn: To stay beyond the time or the limits of; as, to overstay the appointed time. Bp. Hall.

OVERSTEP O`ver*step", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overstepped; p. pr. & vb. n. Overstepping.] Etym: [AS. ofersteppan.]

Defn: To step over or beyond; to transgress. Shak.

OVERSTOCK O"ver*stock`, n.

Defn: Stock in excess. Tatler.

OVERSTOCK O`ver*stock", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overstocked; p. pr. & vb. n. Overstocking.]

Defn: To fill too full; to supply in excess; as, to overstock a market with goods, or a farm with cattle.

OVERSTORE O`ver*store", v. t.

Defn: To overstock. Sir. M. Hale.

OVER-STORY O`ver-sto`ry, n. (Arch.)

Defn: The clearstory, or upper story, of a building.

OVERSTRAIN O`ver*strain", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Overstrained; p. pr. & vb. n. Overstraining.]

Defn: To strain one's self to excess. Dryden.

OVERSTRAIN O`ver*strain", v. t.

Defn: To stretch or strain too much; as to overstrain one's nerves. Ayliffe.

OVERSTRAITLY O`ver*strait"ly, adv.

Defn: Too straitly or strictly. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

OVERSTRAW O`ver*straw", v. t.

Defn: To overstrew. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERSTREW O`ver*strew", v. t.

Defn: To strew or scatter over.

OVERSTRICT O"ver*strict", a.

Defn: Excessively strict.

OVERSTRIDE O`ver*stride", v. t.

Defn: To stride over or beyond.

OVERSTRIKE O`ver*strike", v. t.

Defn: To strike beyond. [Obs.]

OVERSTROW O`ver*strow", v. t.

Defn: See Overstrew.

OVERSTUDIOUS O"ver*stu"di*ous, a.

Defn: Too studious.

OVERSUBTILE O"ver*sub"tile, a.

Defn: Excessively subtile.

OVERSUM O"ver*sum`, n.

Defn: A sum or quantity over; surplus. [Obs.] Holinshed.

OVERSUPPLY O`ver*sup*ply", v. t.

Defn: To supply in excess.

OVERSUPPLY O"ver*sup*ply`, n.

Defn: An excessive supply. A general oversupply or excess of all commodities. J. S. Mill.

OVERSURE O"ver*sure", a.

Defn: Excessively sure.

OVERSWAY O`ver*sway", v. t.

Defn: To bear sway over.

OVERSWELL O`ver*swell", v. t. & i.

Defn: To swell or rise above; to overflow. [R.] Shak.

OVERT O"vert, a. Etym: [OF. overt, F. ouvert, p. p. of OF. ovrir, F. ouvrir, to open, of uncertain origin; cf. It. aprire, OIt. also oprire, L. aperire to open, operire to cover, deoperire to uncover. Perch. from L. aperire influenced by F. couvrir to cover. Cf. Aperient, Cover.]

1. Open to view; public; apparent; manifest. Overt and apparent virtues bring forth praise. Bacon.

2. (Law)

Defn: Not covert; open; public; manifest; as, an overt act of treason. Macaulay. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. Constitution of the U. S.

Note: In criminal law, an overt act is an open done in pursuance and manifestation of a criminal design; the mere design or intent not being punishable without such act. In English law, market overt is an open market; a pound overt is an open, uncovered pound.

OVERTAKE O`ver*take", v. t. [imp. Overtook; p. p. Overtaken; p. pr. & vb. n. Overtaking.]

1. To come up with in a course, pursuit, progress, or motion; to catch up with. Follow after the men; and when thou dost overtake them, say . . . Wherefore have ye rewarded evil for good. Gen. xliv. 4. He had him overtaken in his flight. Spenser.

2. To come upon from behind; to discover; to surprise; to capture; to overcome. If a man be overtaken in a fault. Gal. vi. 1 I shall see The winged vengeance overtake such children. Shak.

3. Hence, figuratively, in the past participle (overtaken), drunken. [Obs.] Holland.

OVERTALK O`ver*talk", v. i.

Defn: To talk to excess. Milton.

OVERTASK O`ver*task", v. t.

Defn: To task too heavily.

OVERTAX O`ver*tax", v. t.

Defn: To tax or to task too heavily.

OVERTEDIOUS O`ver*te"di*ous, a.

Defn: Too tedious.

OVERTEMPT O`ver*tempt", v. t.

Defn: To tempt exceedingly, or beyond the power of resistance. Milton.

OVERTHROW O`ver*throw", v. t. [imp. Overthrew; p. p. Overthrown; p. pr. & vb. n. Overthrowing.]

1. To throw over; to overturn; to upset; to turn upside down. His wife overthrew the table. Jer. Taylor.

2. To cause to fall or to fail; to subvert; to defeat; to make a ruin of; to destroy. When the walls of Thebes he overthrew. Dryden. [Gloucester] that seeks to overthrow religion. Shak.

Syn. -- To demolish; overturn; prostrate; destroy; ruin; subvert; overcome; conquer; defeat; discomfit; vanquish; beat; rout.

OVERTHROW O"ver*throw`, n.

1. The act of overthrowing; the state of being overthrow; ruin. Your sudden overthrow much rueth me. Spenser.

2. (a) (Baseball) The act of throwing a ball too high, as over a player's head. (b) (Cricket) A faulty return of the ball by a fielder, so that striker makes an additional run.

OVERTHWART O"ver*thwart", a.

1. Having a transverse position; placed or situated across; hence, opposite. "Our overthwart neighbors." Dryden.

2. Crossing in kind or disposition; perverse; adverse; opposing. "Overthwart humor." Clarendon.

OVERTHWART O"ver*thwart", adv.

Defn: Across; crosswise; transversely. "Y'clenched overthwart and endelong." Chaucer.

OVERTHWART O"ver*thwart", prep.

Defn: Across; from alde to side of. "Huge trees overthwart one another." Milton.

OVERTHWART O"ver*thwart`, n.

Defn: That which is overthwart; an adverse circumstance; opposition. [Obs.] Surrey.

OVERTHWART , v. t.

Defn: To cross; to oppose. [Obs.]

OVERTHWARTLY O`ver*thwart"ly, adv.

Defn: In an overthwart manner;across; also, perversely. [Obs.] Peacham.

OVERTHWARTNESS O"ver*thwart"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being overthwart; perverseness. [Obs.] Lord Herbert.

OVERTILT O`ver*tilt", v. t.

Defn: To tilt over; to overturn.

OVERTIME O"ver*time`, n.

Defn: Time beyond, or in excess of, a limit; esp., extra working time.

OVERTIRE O`ver*tire", v. t.

Defn: To tire to excess; to exhaust.

OVERTIRE O`ver*tire", v. t.

Defn: To become too tired. Br. Hall.

OVERTITLE O`ver*ti"tle, v. t.

Defn: To give too high a title to.

OVERTLY O"vert*ly, adv.

Defn: Publicly; openly.

OVERTOIL O`ver*toil", v. t.

Defn: To overwork.

OVERTOIL O`ver*toil", v. t.

Defn: To weary excessively; to exhaust. Then dozed a while herself, but overtoiled By that day's grief and travel. Tennyson.

OVERTONE O"ver*tone`, n. Etym: [A translation of G. oberton. See Over,Tone.] (Mus.)

Defn: One of the harmonics faintly heard with and above a tone as it dies away, produced by some aliquot portion of the vibrating sting or column of air which yields the fundamental tone; one of the natural harmonic scale of tones, as the octave, twelfth, fifteenth, etc.; an aliquot or "partial" tone; a harmonic. See Harmonic, and Tone. Tyndall.

OVERTOP O`ver*top", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overtopped; p. pr. & vb. n. Overtopping.]

1. To rise above the top of; to exceed in height; to tower above. "To old Pelion." Shak.

2. To go beyond; to transcend; to transgress. If kings presume to overtop the law by which they reign, . . . they are by law to be reduced into order. Milton.

3. To make of less importance, or throw into the background, by superior excellence; to dwarf; to obscure. Becon.

OVERTOWER O`ver*tow"er, v. t.

Defn: To tower over or above.

OVERTOWER O`ver*tow"er, v. i.

Defn: To soar too high. [R.] Fuller.

OVERTRADE O`ver*trade", v. i.

Defn: To trade beyond one's capital; to buy goods beyond the means of paying for or seleng them; to overstock the market.

OVERTRADING O`ver*trad"ing, n.

Defn: The act or practice of buying goods beyond the means of payment; a glutting of the market.

OVERTREAD O`ver*tread", v. t. Etym: [AS. oferiredan.]

Defn: To tread over or upon.

OVERTRIP O`ver*trip", v. t.

Defn: To trip over nimbly.

OVERTROUBLED O`ver*trou"bled, a.

Defn: Excessively troubled.

OVERTROW O`ver*trow", v. i.

Defn: To be too trustful or confident; to trust too much. [Obs.] Wyclif

OVERTRUST O"ver*trust`, n.

Defn: Excessive confidence.

OVERTRUST O`ver*trust", v. t. & i.

Defn: To trust too much. Bp. Hall.

OVERTURE O"ver*ture, Etym: [OF. overture, F. ouverture, fr. OF. ovrir, F. ouvrir. See Overt.]

1. An opening or aperture; a recess; a recess; a chamber. [Obs.] Spenser. "The cave's inmost overture." Chapman.

2. Disclosure; discovery; revelation. [Obs.] It was he That made the overture of thy treasons to us. Shak.

3. A proposal; an offer; a proposition formally submitted for consideration, acceptance, or rejection. "The great overture of the gospel." Barrow.

4. (Mus.)

Defn: A composition, for a full orchestra, designed as an introduction to an oratorio, opera, or ballet, or as an independent piece; -- called in the latter case a concert overture.

OVERTURE O"ver*ture, v. t.

Defn: To make an overture to; as, to overture a religious body on some subject.

OVERTURN O`ver*turn", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overturned; p. pr. & vb. n. Overturning.]

1. To turn or throw from a basis, foundation, or position; to overset; as, to overturn a carriage or a building.

2. To subvert; to destroy; to overthrow.

3. To overpower; to conquer. Milton.

Syn. -- To demolish; overthrow. See Demolish.

OVERTURN O"ver*turn`, n.

Defn: The act off overturning, or the state of being overturned or subverted; overthrow; as, an overturn of parties.

OVERTURNABLE O`ver*turn"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being, or liable to be, overturned or subverted.

OVERTURNER O`ver*turn"er, n.

Defn: One who overturns. South.

OVERVAIL O`ver*vail", v. t.

Defn: See Overveil.

OVERVALUATION O"ver*val`u*a"tion, n.

Defn: Excessive valuation; overestimate.

OVERVALUE O`ver*val"ue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overvalued; p. pr. & vb. n. Overvaluing.]

1. To value excessively; to rate at too high a price. "To overvalue human power." Holyday.

2. To exceed in value. [R.] H. Brooke.

OVERVEIL O`ver*veil", v. t.

Defn: To veil or cover. Shak.

OVERVIEW O"ver*view`, n. Etym: [Cf. Survey.]

Defn: An inspection or overlooking. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERVOTE O`ver*vote", v. t.

Defn: To outvote; to outnumber in votes given. [R.] Eikon Basilike.

OVERWALK O`ver*walk", v. t.

Defn: To walk over or upon.

OVERWAR O`ver*war", v. t.

Defn: To defeat. [Obs.] Warner.

OVERWARY O"ver*wa"ry, a.

Defn: Too wary; too cautious.

OVERWASH O`ver*wash", v. t.

Defn: To overflow. Holinshed.

OVERWASTED O`ver*wast"ed, a.

Defn: Wasted or worn out; [Obs.] Drayton.

OVERWATCH O"ver*watch", v. t.

1. To watch too much.

2. To weary or exhaust by watching. Dryden.

OVERWAX O`ver*wax", v. i.

Defn: To wax or grow too rapindly or too much. [Obs.] R. of Gloucester.

OVERWEAK O"ver*weak", a.

Defn: Too weak; too feeble.

OVERWEAR O`ver*wear", v. t.

Defn: To wear too much; to wear out. Drayton.

OVERWEARY O"ver*wea"ry v. t.

Defn: To weary too much; to tire out. Dryden.

OVERWEATHER O`ver*weath"er, v. t.

Defn: To expose too long to the influence of the weather. [Obs.] Shak.

OVERWEEN O`ver*ween", v. t. Etym: [AS. oferw. See Over, and Ween.]

Defn: To think too highly or arrogantly; to regard one's own thinking or conclusions too highly; hence, to egotistic, arrogant, or rash, in opinion; to think conceitedly; to presume. They that overween, And at thy growing virtues fret their spleen. Milton.

OVERWEENER O`ver*ween"er, n.

Defn: One who overweens. [R.] The conceits of warmed or overweening brain. Locke.

OVERWEENING O`ver*ween"ing, a.

Defn: Unduly confident; arrogant; presumptuous; conceited. -- O`ver*ween"ingly, adv. Milton. -- O`ver*ween"ing*ness, n. Here's an overweening rogue. Shak.

OVERWEENING O`ver*ween"ing, n.

Defn: Conceit; arrogance. Milton.

OVERWEIGH O`ver*weigh", v. t.

Defn: To exceed in weight; to overbalance; to weigh down. Drayton. Hooker.

OVERWEIGHT O"ver*weight`, n.

1. Weight over and above what is required by law or custom.

2. Superabundance of weight; preponderance.

OVERWEIGHT O"ver*weight", a.

Defn: Overweighing; excessive. [Obs.] "Of no overweight worth." Fuller.

OVERWELL O`ver*well", v. t.

Defn: To overflow. R. D. Blackmore.

OVERWET O"ver*wet, n.

Defn: Excessive wetness. [Obs.] Another ill accident is, overwet at sowing time. Bacon.

OVERWHELM O`ver*whelm", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overwhelmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Overwhelming.]

1. To cover over completely, as by a great wave; to overflow and bury beneath; to ingulf; hence, figuratively, to immerse and bear down; to overpower; to crush; to bury; to oppress, etc., overpoweringly. The sea overwhelmed their enemies. Ps. lxxviii. 53. Fearfulness and trembling are come upon me, and horror hath overwhelmed me. Ps. lv. 5. Foul deeds will rise, Though all the earth o'erwhelm them. Shak. Gaza yet stands; but all her sons are fallen, All in a moment overwhelmed and fallen. Milton.

2. To project or impend over threateningly. His louering brows o'erwhelming his fair sight. Shak.

3. To cause to surround, to cover. Papin.

OVERWHELM O"ver*whelm`

Defn: , n. The act of overwhelming. [R.]

OVERWHELMING O`ver*whelm"ing, a.

Defn: Overpowering; irresistible. -- O`ver*whelm"ing*ly, adv.

OVERWIND O`ver*wind", v. t.

Defn: To wind too tightly, as a spring, or too far, as a hoisting rope on a drum.

OVERWING O`ver*wing", v. t.

Defn: To outflank. [Obs.] Milton.

OVERWISE O"ver*wise", a.

Defn: Too wise; affectedly wise. -- O`ver*wise"ly, adv. -- O`ver*wise"ness, n.

OVERWIT O`ver*wit", v. t.

Defn: To outwit. Swift.

OVERWORD O`ver*word", v. t.

Defn: To say in too many words; to express verbosely. Hales.

OVERWORK O`ver*work", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Overworked or Overwrought (; p. pr. & vb. n. Overworking.]

1. To work beyond the strength; to cause to labor too much or too long; to tire excessively; as, to overwork a horse.

2. To fill too full of work; to crowd with labor. My days with toil are overwrought. Longfellow.

3. To decorate all over.

OVERWORK O`ver*work", v. t.

Defn: To work too much, or beyond one's strength.

OVERWORK O"ver*work`, n.

Defn: Work in excess of the usual or stipulated time or quantity; extra work; also, excessive labor.

OVERWORN O`ver*worn", p. p. & a. from Overwear, v. t.

Defn: Worn out or subdued by toil; worn out so as to be trite.

OVERWREST O`ver*wrest", v. t.

Defn: To wrest or force from the natural or proper position. Shak.

OVERWRESTLE O`ver*wres"tle, v. t.

Defn: To subdue by wrestling. [Obs.] Spenser.

OVERWROUGHT O`ver*wrought, p. p. & a. from Overwork.

Defn: Wrought upon excessively; overworked; overexcited.

OVERZEAL O"ver*zeal, n.

Defn: Excess of zeal. Fairfax.

OVERZEALOUS O"ver*zeal"ous, a.

Defn: Too zealous.

OVICAPSULE O`vi*cap"sule, n. Etym: [Ovum + capsule.]

1. (Anat)

Defn: The outer layer of a Graafian follicle.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Oötheca.

OVICELL O"vi*cell`, n. Etym: [Ovum + cell.] (Zoöl)

Defn: One of the dilatations of the body wall of Bryozoa in which the ova sometimes undegro the first stages of their development. See Illust. of Chilostoma.

OVICULAR O*vic"u*lar, a. Etym: [L. ovum an egg.] (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to an egg.

OVICYST O"vi*cyst, n. Etym: [Ovum + cyst.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pouch in which incubation takes place in some Tunicata.

OVIDIAN O*vid"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Latin poet Ovid; resembling the style of Ovid.

OVIDUCAL O`vi*du"cal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to oviducts; as, oviducal glands.

OVIDUCT O"vi*duct, n. Etym: [Ovum + duct: cf. F. oviducte.] (Anat.)

Defn: A tube, or duct, for the passage of ova from the ovary to the exterior of the animal or to the part where further development takes place. In mammals the oviducts are also called Fallopian tubes.

OVIFEROUS O*vif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Ovum + -ferous: cf. F. ovifère.] (Biol.)

Defn: Egg-bearing; -- applied particularly to certain receptacles, as in Crustacea, that retain the eggs after they have been excluded from the formative organs, until they are hatched.

OVIFORM O"vi*form, a. Etym: [Ovum + -form: cf. F. oviforme.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having the form or figure of an egg; egg-shaped; as, an oviform leaf.

OVIGERONS O*vig"er*ons, a. Etym: [Ovum + -gerous: cf. F. ovigere.] (Biol.)

Defn: Bearing eggs; oviferous.

OVILE O"vile, a.

Defn: See Ovine.

OVINE O"vine, a. Etym: [L. ovinus, fr. ovis sheep: cf. F. ovine.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to sheep; consisting of sheep.

OVIPARA O*vip"a*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Oviparous.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An artifical division of vertebrates, including those that lay eggs; -opposed to Vivipara.

OVIPARITY O`vi*par"i*ty, n. Etym: [See Oviparous.] (Biol.)

Defn: Generatuon by means of ova. See Generation.

OVIPAROUS O*vip"a*rous, a. Etym: [L. oviparus; ovum egg + parere to bring forth: cf. F. ovipare.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Producing young from rggs; as, an oviparous animal, in which the egg is generally separated from the animal, and hatched after exclusion; -- opposed to viviparous.

OVIPOSIT O`vi*pos"it, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Oviposited; p. pr. & vb. n. Ovipositing.] Etym: [See Ovum, and Posit.]

Defn: To lay or deposit eggs; -- said esp. of insects.

OVIPOSIT O`vi*pos"it, v. t.

Defn: To deposit or lay (an egg).

OVIPOSITING; OVIPOSITION O`vi*pos"it*ing, O`vi*po*si"tion, n.

Defn: The depositing of eggs, esp. by insects.

OVIPOSITOR O`vi*pos"i*tor, n. Etym: [L. ovum an egg + positor a placer, fr. ponere to place.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The organ with which many insects and some other animals deposit their eggs. Some ichneumon files have a long ovipositor fitted to pierce the eggs or larvæ of other insects, in order to lay their own eggs within the same.

OVISAC O"vi*sac, n. Etym: [Ovum + sac.] (Anat) (a) A Graafian follicle; any sac containing an ovum or ova. (b) The inner layer of the fibrous wall of a Graafian follicle.

OVISM O"vism, n. [Ovum + -ism.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The old theory that the egg contains the whole embryo of the future organism and the germs of all subsequent offsprings and is merely awakened to activity by the spermatozoön; -- opposed to spermism or animalculism.

OVIST O"vist, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Ovulist.

OVOCOCCUS O`vo*coc"cus, n.; pl. Ovococci. Etym: [Ovum + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: A germinal vesicle.

OVOID; OVOIDAL O"void, O*void"al, a. Etym: [Ovum + -oid: cf. F. ovoïde.]

Defn: Resembling an egg in shape; egg-shaped; ovate; as, an ovoidal apple.

OVOID O"void, n.

Defn: A solid resembling an egg in shape.

OVOLO O"vo*lo, n. Etym: [It. ovolo, uovolo, fr. L. ovum an egg. Cf. Ovule.] (Arch.)

Defn: A round, convex molding. See Illust. of Column.

Note: In Roman work it is usually a quarter circle in section; in Greek work it is flatter, and is equivalent to the echinus; that is, it has in section the elastic curve of the shell of the sea urchin. In mediæval architecture it is not distinguishable from the multitude of convex moldings, of all sections, which are used.

OVOLOGY O*vol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Ovum + -logy. Cf. F. ovologie.]

Defn: That branch of natural history which treats of the origin and functions of eggs.

OVOPLASMA O`vo*plas"ma, n. Etym: [Ovum + plasma.] (Boil.)

Defn: Yolk; egg yolk. Haeckel.

OVOTESTTIS O`vo*test"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Ovum, and Testis.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An organ which produces both ova and spermatozoids; an hermaphrodite gland.

OVOVIVIPAROUS O*vo*vi*vip"a*rous, a. Etym: [Ovum + viviparous: cf. F. ovovivipare.] (Biol.)

Defn: Oviparous, but hatching the egg while it is within the body, as some fishes and reptiles.

OVULAR O"vu*lar, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating or belonging to an ovule; as, an ovular growth.

OVULARY O"vu*la*ry, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Pertaining to ovules.

OVULATE O"vu*late, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Containing an ovule or ovules.

OVULATION O`vu*la"tion, n. (Phisiol.)

Defn: The formation of ova or eggs in the ovary, and the discharge of the same. In the mammalian female the discharge occurs during menstruation.

OVULE O"vule, n. Etym: [Dim. of L. ovum an egg: cf. F. ovule. Cf. Ovolo, Ovulum.] (Biol.) (a) The rudiment of a seed. It grows from a placenta, and consists of a soft nucleus within two delicate coatings. The attached base of the ovule is the hilum, the coatings are united with the nucleus at the chalaza, and their minute orifice is the foramen. (b) An ovum.

OVULIFEROUS O`vu*lif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Ovule + -ferous.] (biol.)

Defn: Producing ovules.

OVULIST O"vu*list n. (Biol.)

Defn: A believer in the theory (called encasement theory), current during the last century, that the egg was the real animal germ, and that at the time of fecundation the spermatozoa simply gave the impetus which caused the unfolding of the egg, in which all generations were inclosed one within the other. Also called ovist.

OVULITE O"vu*lite, n. Etym: [Ovum + -lite.]

Defn: A fossil egg.

OVULUM O"vu*lum, n.; pl. Ovula. Etym: [NL. See Ovule.] (Biol.)

Defn: An ovule.

OVUM O"vum, n.; pl. L. Ova, E. Ovums. Etym: [L., an egg. See Oval.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: A more or less spherical and transparent mass of granular protoplasm, which by a process of multiplication and growth develops into a mass of cells, constituting a new individual like the parent; an egg, spore, germ, or germ cell. See Illust. of Mycropyle.

Note: The ovum is a typical cell, with a cell wall, cell substance, nucleus, and nucleolus. In man and the higher animals the cell wall, a vertically striated membrane, is called the zona pellucida; the cell contents, the vitellus; the nucleus, the germinal vesicle; and the nucleolus, the germinal spot. The diameter of the ripe ovum in man and the domestic animals varies between 1-200 and 1-120 of an inch.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: One of the series of egg-shaped ornaments into which the ovolo is often carved. Gwilt.

OWCH Owch, n.

Defn: See Ouch. [Obs.] Speser.

OWE Owe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Owed, (Ought ( obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Owing.] Etym: [OE. owen, awen,aghen, to have, own, have (to do), hence, owe, AS. agan to have; akin to G. eigen, a., own, Icel. eiga to have, Dan. eie, Sw. äga, Goth. áigan, Skr. Ought, v., 2d Own, Fraught.]

1. To possess; to have, as the rightful owner; to own. [Obs.] Thou dost here usurp The name thou ow'st not. Shak.

2. To have or possess, as something derived or bestowed; to be obliged to ascribe (something to some source); to be indebted or obliged for; as, he owed his wealth to his father; he owed his victoty to his lieutenants. Milton. O deem thy fall not owed to man's decree. Pope.

3. Hence: To have or be under an obigation to restore, pay, or render (something) in return or compensation for something received; to be indebted in the sum of; as, the subject owes allegiance; the fortunate owe assistance to the unfortunate. The one ought five hundred pence, and the other fifty. Bible (1551). A son owes help and honor to his father. Holyday.

Note: Owe was sometimes followed by an objective clause introduced by the infinitive. "Ye owen to incline and bow your heart." Chaucer.

4. To have an obligation to (some one) on account of something done or received; to be indebted to; as, to iwe the grocer for supplies, or a laborer for services.

OWEL Ow"el, a. Etym: [OF. oel, owel, iwel,ivel, F. égal, fr. L. aequalis.] (Law)

Defn: Equal. [Obs.] Burrill.

OWELTY Ow"el*ty, n. Etym: [OF. oelté, ivelté.] (Law)

Defn: Equality; -- sometimes written ovelty and ovealty. Burrill.

OWEN Ow"en, a.Etym: [See Own.]

Defn: Own. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OWENITE Ow"en*ite, n.

Defn: A follower of Robert Owen, who tried to reorganize society on a socialistic basis, and established an industrial community on the Clyde, Scotland, and, later, a similar one in Indiana.

OWHER O"wher, adv. Etym: [AS. ahwær.]

Defn: Anywhere. [Obs.] "If he found owher a good fellow." Chaucer.

OWING Ow`ing, P. p. & a. Etym: [Used in a passive sense for owed (AS. agen. See Own).]

1. Had or held under obligation of paying; due. There is more owing her than is paid. Shak.

2. Had or experienced as a consequence, result, issue, etc.; ascribable; -- with to; as, misfortunes are often owing to vices; his failure was owing to speculations.

OWL Owl, n. Etym: [AS. ; akin to D. uil, OHG. , G. eule, Icel. ugla, Sw. ugla, Dan. ugle.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any cpecies of raptorial birds of the family Strigidæ. They have large eyes and ears, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye. They are mostly nocturnal in their habits.

Note: Some species have erectile tufts of feathers on the head. The feathers are soft and somewhat downy. The species are numerous. See Barn owl, Burrowing owl, Eared owl, Hawk owl, Horned owl, Screech owl, Snowy owl, under BarnBurrowing, etc.

Note: In the Scriptures the owl is commonly associated with desolation; poets and story-tellers introduce it as a bird of ill omen. . . . The Greeks and Romans made it the emblem of wisdom, and sacred to Minerva, -- and indeed its large head and solemn eyes give it an air of wisdom. Am. Cyc.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A variety of the domestic pigeon. Owl monkey (Zoöl.), any one of several species of South American nocturnal monkeys of the genus Nyctipithecus. They have very large eyes. Called also durukuli. -- Owl moth ( (Zoöl.), a very large moth (Erebus strix). The expanse of its wings is over ten inches. -- Owl parrot (Zoöl.), the kakapo. -- Sea owl (Zoöl.), the lumpfish. -- Owl train, a cant name for certain railway trains whose run is in the nighttime.

OWL Owl, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Owled; p. pr. & vb. n. Owling.]

1. To pry about; to prowl. [Prov. Eng.]

2. To carry wool or sheep out of England. [Obs.]

Note: This was formerly illegal, and was done chiefly by night.

3. Hence, to carry on any contraband trade. [Eng.]

OWLER Owl"er, n. Etym: [From Owl, v. i.]

Defn: One who owls; esp., one who conveys contraband goods. See Owling, n. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] T. Brown.

OWLERY Owl"er*y, n.; pl. Owleries (.

Defn: An abode or a haunt of owls.

OWLET Owl"et, n. Etym: [Dim. of owl. Cf. Howlet.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small owl; especially, the European species (Athene noctua), and the California flammulated owlet (Megascops flammeolus). Owlet moth (Zoöl.), any noctuid moth.

OWL-EYED Owl"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Having eyes like an owl's.

OWLING Owl"ing, n. Etym: [From Owl, v. i.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: The offense of transporting wool or sheep out of England contrary to the statute formerly existing. Blackstone.

OWLISH Owl"ish, a.

Defn: Resembling, or characteristic of, an owl.

OWLISM Owl"ism, n.

Defn: Affected wisdom; pompous dellness. [R.]

OWLLIGHT Owl"light`, n.

Defn: Glimmering or imperfect [R.] Bp. Warburton.

OWN Own, v. t. Etym: [OE. unnen to grant, permit, be pleased with, AS. unnan to grant; akin to OS. giunnan, G. gönnen, Icel. unna; of uncertain origin. This word has been confused with own to possess.]

Defn: To grant; to acknowledge; to admit to be true; to confess; to recognize in a particular character; as, we own that we have forfeited your love. The wakeful bloodhound rose, and shook his hide owns. Keats.

OWN Own, a. Etym: [OE. owen, awen, auen, aughen, AS. agen, p. p. of agan to possess; akin to OS. egan, G. & D. eigen, Icel. eiginn, Sw. & Dan. egen. sq. root110. See Owe.]

Defn: Belonging to; belonging exclusively or especially to; peculiar; -- most frequently following a possessive pronoun, as my, our, thy, your, his, her, its, their, in order to emphasize or intensify the idea of property, peculiar interest, or exclusive ownership; as, my own father; my own composition; my own idea; at my own price. "No man was his own [i. e., no man was master of himself, or in possession of his senses]." Shak. To hold one's own, to keep or maintain one's possessions; to yield nothing; esp., to suffer no loss or disadvantage in a contest. Shak.

OWN Own, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Owned; p. pr. & vb. n. Owning.] Etym: [OE. ohnien, ahnien, AS. agnian, fr. agen own, a. See Own, a.]

Defn: To hold as property; to have a legal or rightful title to; to be the proprietor or possessor of; to possess; as, to own a house.

OWNER Own"er, n.

Defn: One who owns; a rightful proprietor; one who has the legal or rightful title, whether he is the possessor or not. Shak.

OWNERLESS Own"er*less, a.

Defn: Without an owner.

OWNERSHIP Own"er*ship, n.

Defn: The state of being an owner; the right to own; exclusive right of possession; legal or just claim or title; proprietorship.

OWRE Owre, n. Etym: [AS. r; akin to G. auerochs, OHG. , ohso, Icel. .] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The aurohs. [Obs.]

OWSE; OWSER Owse, Ow"ser, n.

Defn: Tanner's ooze. See Ooze, 3.

OX Ox, n.; pl. Oxen. Etym: [AS. oxa; akin to D. os. G. ochs, ochse, OHG. ohso, Icel. oxi, Sw. & Dan. oxe, Goth. aúhsa, Skr. ukshan ox, bull; cf. Skr. uksh to sprinkle. Humid, Aurochs.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The male of bovine quadrupeds, especially the domestic animal when castrated and grown to its full size, or nearly so. The word is also applied, as a general name, to any species of bovine animals, male and female. All sheep and oxen, yea, and the beasts of the field. Ps. viii. 7.

Note: The castrated male is called a steer until it attains its full growth, and then, an ox; but if castrated somewhat late in life, it is called a stag. The male, not castrated, is called a bull. These distinctions are well established in regard to domestic animals of this genus. When wild animals of this kind are spoken of, ox is often applied both to the male and the female. The name ox is never applied to the individual cow, or female, of the domestic kind. Oxen may comprehend both the male and the female. Grunting ox (Zoöl.), the yak. -- Indian ox (Zoöl.), the zebu. -- Javan ox (Zoöl.), the banteng. -- Musk ox. (Zoöl.) See under Musk. -- Ox bile. See Ox gall, below. -- Ox gall, the fresh gall of the domestic ox; -- used in the arts and in medicine. -- Ox pith, ox marrow. [Obs.] Marston. -- Ox ray (Zoöl.), a very large ray (Dicerobatis Giornæ) of Southern Europe. It has a hornlike organ projecting forward from each pectoral fin. It sometimes becomes twenty feet long and twenty-eight feet broad, and weighs over a ton. Called also sea devil. -- To have the black ox tread on one's foot, to be unfortunate; to know what sorrow is (because black oxen were sacrificed to Pluto). Leigh Hunt.

OXACID Ox`ac"id, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Oxyacid.

OXALAN Ox"a*lan, n. Etym: [From Alloxan, by transposition of letters.] (Chem.)

Defn: A complex nitrogenous substance C3N3H5O3 obtained from alloxan (or when urea is fused with ethyl oxamate), as a stable white crystalline powder; -- called also oxaluramide.

OXALANTIN Ox`a*lan"tin, n. Etym: [From Alloxantin, by transposition of letters.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline nitrogenous substance (C6H4N4O5) obtained by the reduction of parabanic acid; -- called also leucoturic acid.

OXALATE Ox"a*late, n. Etym: [Cf. F. oxalate. See Oxalic.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of oxalic acid.

OXALDEHYDE Ox*al"de*hyde, n. Etym: [Oxalic + aldehyde.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Glyoxal.

OXALETHYLINE Ox`al*eth"yl*ine, n. Etym: [Oxalic + ethyl + -ine.]

Defn: A poisonous nitrogenous base (C6H10N2) obtained indirectly from oxamide as a thick transparent oil which has a strong narcotic odor, and a physiological action resembling that of atropine. It is probably related to pyridine.

OXALIC Ox*al"ic, a. Etym: [From Oxalis: cf. F. oxalique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or contained in, sorrel, or oxalis; specifically, designating an acid found in, and characteristic of, oxalis, and also certain plant of the Buckwheat family. Oxalic acid (Chem.), a dibasic acid, existing combined in oxalis as an acid potassium oxalate, and in many plant tissues as the calcium oxalate. It is prepared on a large scale, by the action of fused caustic soda or potash on sawdust, as a white crystalline substance, which has a strong acid taste, and is poisonous in large doses. It is used in dyeing, calico printing, bleaching flax and straw, the preparation of formic acid, and in salts of lemon for removing ink stains, mold, etc.

OXALINE Ox"a*line, n. Etym: [Glyoxal + -ine.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Glyoxaline.

OXALIS Ox"a*lis, n. Etym: [L., a kind of sorrel, Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants,mostly herbs, with acid-tasting trifoliolate or multifoliolate leaves; -- called also wood sorrel.

OXALITE Ox"a*lite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A yellow mineral consisting of oxalate of iron.

OXALURAMIDE Ox`a*lur*am"ide, n. Etym: [Oxaluric + amide.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Oxalan.

OXALURATE Ox`a*lur"ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of oxaluric acid.

OXALURIC Ox`a*lur"ic, a. Etym: [Oxalyl + urea.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid related to the ureids, and obtained from parabanic acid as a white silky crystalline substance.

OXALYL Ox"a*lyl, n. Etym: [Oxalic + -yl.] (Chem.) (a) A hydrocarbon radical (C2O2) regarded as a residue of oxalic acid and occurring in derivatives of it. (b) An old name for carbonyl. (c) An old name for carboxyl.

OXAMATE Ox*am"ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of oxamic acid.

OXAMETHANE Ox`a*meth"ane, n. Etym: [Oxamic + ethyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: Ethyl oxamate, obtained as a white scaly crystalline powder.

OXAMETHYLANE Ox`a*meth"yl*ane, n. Etym: [Oxamic + methyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: Methyl oxamate, obtained as a pearly white crystalline substance.

OXAMIC Ox*am"ic, a. Etym: [Oxalic + amido] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, an acid NH2.C2O2.HO obtained as a fine crystalline powder, intermediate between oxalic acid and oxamide. Its ammonium salt is obtained by boiling oxamide with ammonia.

OXAMIDE Ox*am"ide, n, Etym: [Oxalic + amide.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline neutral substance (C2O2(NH2)2) obtained by treating ethyl oxalate with ammonia. It is the acid amide of oxalic acid. Formerly called also oxalamide.

OXAMIDINE Ox*am"i*dine, n. Etym: [Oxygen + amido + -ine.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of a series of bases containing the amido and the isonitroso groups united to the same carbon atom.

OXANILAMIDE; OXANILLAMIDE Ox`a*nil*am"ide, Ox`a*nill*am"ide, n. Etym: [Oxanilic + amide.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline nitrogenous substance, obtained indirectly by the action of cyanogen on aniline, and regarded as an anilide of oxamic acid; -- called also phenyl oxamide.

OXANILATE Ox*an"i*late, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of oxanilic acid.

OXANILIC Ox`an*il"ic, a. Etym: [Oxalic + aniline.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, oxalic acid and aniline; -- used to designate an acid obtained in white crystalline scales by heating these substances together.

OXANILIDE Ox*an"i*lide, n. Etym: [Oxalic + aniline + amide.] (Chem.)

Defn: a white crystalline substance, resembling oxanilamide, obtained by heating aniline oxalate, and regarded as a double anilide of oxalic acid; -- called also diphenyl oxamide.

OXBANE Ox"bane`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A poisonous bulbous plant (Buphane toxicaria) of the Cape of Good Hope.

OXBIRD Ox"bird`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) The dunlin. (b) The sanderling. (c) An African weaver bird (Textor alector).

OXBITER Ox"bit`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The cow blackbird. [Local, U. S.]

OXBOW Ox"bow`, n.

Defn: A frame of wood, bent into the shape of the letter U, and embracing an ox's neck as a kind of collar, the upper ends passing through the bar of the yoke; also, anything so shaped, as a bend in a river.

OXEYE Ox"eye`, n. Etym: [Ox + eye.]

1. (Bot.) (a) The oxeye daisy. See under Daisy. (b) The corn camomile (Anthemis arvensis). (c) A genus of composite plants (Buphthalmum) with large yellow flowers.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) A titmouse, especially the great titmouse (Parus major) and the blue titmouse (P. coeruleus). [Prov. Eng.] (b) The dunlin. (c) A fish; the bogue, or box. Creeping oxeye (Bot.) a West Indian composite plant (Wedelia carnosa). -- Seaside oxeye (Bot.), a West Indian composite shrub (Borrichia arborescens).

OXEYED Ox"*eyed`, a.

Defn: Having large, full eyes, like those of an ox. Burton.

OXFLY Ox"fly`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The gadfly of cattle.

OXFORD Ox"ford, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the city or university of Oxford, England. Oxford movement. See Tractarianism. -- Oxford School, a name given to those members of the Church of England who adopted the theology of the so-called Oxford "Tracts for the Times," issued the period 1833 -- 1841. Shipley. -- Oxford tie, a kind of shoe, laced on the instep, and usually covering the foot nearly to the ankle.

OXGANG Ox"gang`, n. Etym: [Ox + gang, n., 1.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: See Bovate.

OXGOAD Ox"goad`, n.

Defn: A goad for driving oxen.

OXHEAD Ox"head`, n. Etym: [Cf. Hogshead.]

Defn: Literally, the head of an ox (emblem of cuckoldom); hence, a dolt; a blockhead. Dost make a mummer of me, oxhead Marston.

OXHEAL Ox"heal`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Bear's-foot.

OXHEART Ox"heart`, n.

Defn: A large heart-shaped cherry, either black, red, or white.

OXHIDE Ox"hide`, n.

1. The skin of an ox, or leather made from it.

2. (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A measure of land. See 3d Hide.

OXID Ox"id, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Oxide.

OXIDABILITY Ox`i*da*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. oxydabilité.]

Defn: Capability of being converted into an oxide.

OXIDABLE Ox"i*da*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. oxydable.]

Defn: Capable of being converted into an oxide.

OXIDATE Ox"i*date, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Oxidated; p. pr. & vb. n. Oxidating.] Etym: [Cf. f. oxyder. See Oxide.] (Chem.)

Defn: To oxidize. [Obs.]

OXIDATION Ox`i*da"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. oxidation.] (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of oxidizing, or the state or result of being oxidized.

OXIDATOR Ox"i*da`tor, n.

1. An oxidizer. [Obs.]

2. A contrivance for causing a current of air to impinge on the flame of the Argand lamp; -- called also oxygenator.

OXIDE Ox"ide, n. Etym: [F. oxygène oxigen + acide acid: cf. F. oxyde. The French word was correctly spelt oxide, till about the year 1840, when, in ignorance or forgetfulness of the true history and composition of the word, the orthography was change to make it represent the u of Gr. 'oxy`s, from which it was supposed to be directly derived.] (Chem.)

Defn: A binary compound of oxygen with an atom or radical, or a compound which is regarded as binary; as, iron oxide, ethyl oxide, nitrogen oxide, etc.

Note: In the chemical nomenclature adopted by Guyton de Morveau, Lavoisier,and their associates, the term oxides was made to include all compounds of oxygen which had no acid (F. acide) properties, as contrasted with the acid, all of which were at that time supposed to contain oxygen. The orthography oxyde, oxyd, etc., was afterwards introduced in ignorance or disregard of the true etymology, but these forms are now obsolete in English. The spelling oxid is not common.

OXIDIZABLE Ox"i*di`za*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being oxidized.

OXIDIZE Ox"i*dize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Oxidized; p. pr. & vb. n. Oxidizing.] (Chem.)

Defn: To combine with oxygen, or subject to the action of oxygen, or of an oxidizing agent. Specifically: (a) To combine with oxygen or with more oxygen; to add oxygen to; as, to oxidize nitrous acid so as to form nitric acid. (b) To remove hydrogen from (anything), as by the action of oxygen; as, to oxidize alcohol so as to form aldehyde. (c) To subject to the action of oxygen or of an oxidizing agent, so as to bring to a higher grade, as an -ous compound to an -ic compound; as, to oxidize mercurous chloride to mercuric chloride.

Note: In certain cases to oxidize is identical with to acidify; for, in nearly all cases, the more oxygen a substance contains the more nearly does it approximate to acid qualities; thus, by oxidation many elements, as sulphur, nitrogen, carbon, chromium, manganese, etc., pass into compounds which are acid anhydrides, and thus practically in the acid state.

OXIDIZEMENT Ox"i*dize`ment, n.

Defn: Oxidation. [R.]

OXIDIZER Ox"i*di`zer, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An agent employed in oxidation, or which facilitates or brings about combination with oxygen; as, nitric acid, chlorine, bromine, etc., are strong oxidizers.

OXIDULATED Ox*id"u*la`ted, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Existing in the state of a protoxide; -- said of an oxide. [R.]

OXIME Ox"ime, n. (Chem.)

Defn: One of a series of isonitroso derivatives obtained by the action of hydroxylamine on aldehydes or ketones.

OXINDOL Ox*in"dol, n. Etym: [Oxygen + indol.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline nitrogenous substance (C8H7NO) of the indol group, obtained by the reduction of dioxindol. It is a so-called lactam compound.

OXIODIC Ox`i*od"ic, a. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + iodic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, certain compounds of iodine and oxygen.

OXLIKE Ox"like, a.

Defn: Characteristic of, or like, an ox.

OXLIP Ox"lip`, n. Etym: [AS. oxanslyppe. See Ox, and Cowslip.] (Bot.)

Defn: The great cowslip (Primula veris, var. elatior).

OXONATE Ox"o*nate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of oxonic acid.

OXONIAN Ox*o"ni*an, a.

Defn: Of or relating to the city or the university of Oxford, England. Macaulay.

OXONIAN Ox*o"ni*an, n.

Defn: A student or graduate of Oxford University, in England.

OXONIC Ox*on"ic, a. Etym: [Prob. glyoxalic + carbonic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, a complex nitrogenous acid (C4H5N3O4) not known in the free state, but obtained, in combination with its salts, by a slow oxidation of uric acid, to which it is related.

OXPECKER Ox"peck`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An African bird of the genus Buphaga; the beefeater.

OXSHOE Ox"shoe`, n.

Defn: A shoe for oxen, consisting of a flat piece of iron nailed to the hoof.

OXTER Ox"ter, n. Etym: [AS. ohsta.]

Defn: The armpit; also, the arm. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]

OXTONGUE Ox"tongue`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to several plants, from the shape and roughness of their leaves; as, Anchusa officinalis, a kind of bugloss, and Helminthia echioides, both European herbs.

OXY- Ox"y-. (Chem.)

Defn: A prefix, also used adjectively, designating: (a) A compound containing oxygen. (b) A compound containing the hydroxyl group, more properly designated by hydroxy-. See Hydroxy-. Oxy acid. See Oxyacid (below).

OXYACETIC Ox`y*a*ce"tic, a. Etym: [Oxy- (b) + acetic.]

Defn: Hydroxyacetic; designating an acid called also glycolic acid.

OXYACID Ox`y*ac"id, n. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + acid.] (Chem.)

Defn: An acid containing oxygen, as chloric acid or sulphuric acid; - - contrasted with the hydracids, which contain no oxygen, as hydrochloric acid. See Acid, and Hydroxy-.

OXYAMMONIA Ox`y*am*mo"ni*a, n. Etym: [Oxy- (b) + ammonia.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Hydroxylamine.

OXYBENZENE Ox`y*ben"zene, n. Etym: [Oxy- (b) + benzene.] (Chem.)

Defn: Hydroxy benzene. Same as Phenol.

OXYBENZOIC Ox`y*ben*zo"ic, a. Etym: [Oxy- (b) + benzoic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Hydroxybenzoic; pertaining to, or designating, any one of several hydroxyl derivatives of benzonic acid, of which the commonest is salicylic acid.

OXYBROMIC Ox`y*bro"mic, a. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + bromic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, certain compounds of oxygen and bromine.

OXYBUTYRIC Ox`y*bu*tyr"ic, a. Etym: [Oxy- (b) + butyric.] (Chem.)

Defn: Hydroxybutyric; designating any one of a group of metameric acids (C3H6.OH.CO2H).

OXYCALCIUM Ox`y*cal"ci*um, a. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + calcium.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to oxygen and calcium; as, the oxycalcium light. See Drummond light.

OXYCAPROIC Ox`y*ca*pro"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: See Leucic.

OXYCHLORIC Ox`y*chlo"ric, a. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + chloric.] (Chem.) (a) Of, pertaining to, or designating in general, certain compounds containing oxygen and chlorine. (b) Formerly designating an acid now called perchloric acid. See Perchloric.

OXYCHLORIDE Ox`y*chlo"ride, n. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + chloride.] (Chem.)

Defn: A ternary compound of oxygen and chlorine; as, plumbic oxychloride.

OXYCRATE Ox"y*crate, n. Etym: [Gr. oxycrat.] (med.)

Defn: A Mixture of water and vinegar. Wiseman.

OXYCYMENE Ox`y*cy"mene, n. Etym: [Oxy- (b) + cymene.] (Chem.)

Defn: Hydroxy cymene. Same as Carvacrol.

OXYGEN Ox"y*gen n. Etym: [F. oxygène, from Gr. acid.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, tasteless, odorless, gaseous element occurring in the free state in the atmosphere, of which it forms about 23 per cent by weight and about 21 per cent by volume, being slightly heavier than nitrogen. Symbol O. Atomic weight 15.96.

Note: It occurs combined in immense quantities, forming eight ninths by weight of water, and probably one half by weight of the entire solid crust of the globe, being an ingredient of silica, the silicates, sulphates, carbonates, nitrates, etc. Oxygen combines with all elements (except fluorine), forming oxides, bases, oxyacid anhydrides, etc., the process in general being called oxidation, of which combustion is only an intense modification. At ordinary temperatures with most substances it is moderately active, but at higher temperatures it is one of the most violent and powerful chemical agents known. It is indispensable in respiration, and in general is the most universally active and efficient element. It may be prepared in the pure state by heating potassium chlorate. This element (called dephlogisticated air by Priestley) was named oxygen by Lavoisier because he supposed it to be a constituent of all acids. This is not so in the case of a very few acids (as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydric sulphide, etc.), but these do contain elements analogous to oxygen in property and action. Moreover, the fact that most elements approach the nearer to acid qualities in proportion as they are combined with more oxygen, shows the great accuracy and breadth of Lavoisier's conception of its nature.

2. Chlorine used in bleaching. [Manufacturing name]

OXYGENATE Ox"y*gen*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Oxygenated; p. pr. & vb. n. Oxygenating.] Etym: [Cf. F. oxygéner.] (Chem.)

Defn: To unite, or cause to combine, with oxygen; to treat with oxygen; to oxidize; as, oxygenated water (hydrogen dioxide).

OXYGENATION Ox`y*gen*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. oxygénation.] (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of combining or of treating with oxygen; oxidation.

OXYGENATOR Ox"y*gen*a`tor, n.

Defn: An oxidizer.

OXYGENIC Ox`y*gen"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, oxygen; producing oxygen.

OXYGENIUM Ox`y*ge"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL.] (Chem.)

Defn: The technical name of oxygen. [R.]

OXYGENIZABLE Ox"y*gen*i"za*ble, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Oxidizable.

OXYGENIZE Ox"y*gen*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Oxygenized; p pr. & vb. n. Oxygenizing.] (Chem.)

Defn: To oxidize.

OXYGENIZEMENT Ox"y*gen*ize`ment, n.

Defn: Oxidation.

OXYGENOUS Ox*yg"e*nous, a.

Defn: Oxygenic.

OXYGON Ox"y*gon, n. Etym: [Gr. oxygone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A triangle having three acute angles.

OXYGONAL; OXYGONIAL Ox*yg"o*nal, Ox`y*go"ni*al, a.

Defn: Having acute angles. Barlow.

OXYHAEMACYANIN; OXYHAEMOCYANIN Ox`Y*hæm`a*cy"a*nin, Ox`y*hæm`o*cy"a*nin, n. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + hæmacyanin, hæmocyanin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: See Hæmacyanin.

OXYHAEMOGLOBIN; OXYHEMOGLOBIN Ox`y*hæm`o*glo"bin, Ox`y*hem`o*glo"bin, n. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + hæmoglobin, hemoglobin.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: See Hemoglobin.

OXYHYDROGEN Ox`y*hy"dro*gen, a. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + hydrogen.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen; as, oxyhydrogen gas. Oxyhydrogen blowpipe. (Chem.) See Blowpipe. -- Oxyhydrogen microscope, a form of microscope arranged so as to use the light produced by burning lime or limestone under a current of oxyhydrogen gas.

OXYHYDROGEN LIGHT Oxyhydrogen light.

Defn: A light produced by the incandescence of some substances, esp. lime, in the oxyhydrogen flame. Coal gas (producing the oxygas light), or the vapor of ether (oxyether light) or methylated spirit (oxyspirit light), may be substituted for hydrogen.

OXYMEL Ox"y*mel, n. Etym: [L. oxymeli, Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A mixture of honey, water, vinegar, and spice, boiled to a sirup. Sir T. Elyot.

OXYMETHYLENE Ox`y*meth"yl*ene, n. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + methylene.] (Chem.)

Defn: Formic aldehyde, regarded as a methylene derivative.

OXYMORON Ox`y*mo"ron, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure in which an epithet of a contrary signification is added to a word; e. g., cruel kindness; laborious idleness.

OXYMURIATE Ox`y*mu"ri*ate, n. (Old Chem.)

Defn: A salt of the supposed oxymuriatic acid; a chloride. Oxymuriate of lime, chloride of lime.

OXYMURIATIC Ox`y*mu`ri*at"ic, a. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + muriatic: cf. F. oxymuriatique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or consisting of, oxygen and muriatic acid, that is, hydrochloric acid. [Archaic.] Oxymuriatic acid, chlorine, formerly so called on the supposition that it was a compound of oxygen and muriatic acid. [Obs.]

OXYNEURINE Ox`y*neu"rine, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Betaine.

OXYNTIC Ox*yn"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Acid; producing acid; -applied especially to certain glands and cells in the stomach.

OXYOPIA; OXYOPY Ox`y*o"pi*a, Ox"y*o`py, n. Etym: [NL. oxyopia, from Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Excessive acuteness of sight.

OXYPHENIC Ox`y*phe"nic, a. Etym: [Oxy- (b) + phenol.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or designating, the phenol formerly called oxyphenic acid, and now oxyphenol and pyrocatechin. See Pyrocatechin.

OXYPHENOL Ox`y*phe"nol, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A phenol, oxyphenic acid, and now pyrocatechin.

OXYPHONY Ox*yph"o*ny, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Acuteness or shrillness of voice.

OXYQUINOLINE Ox`y*quin"o*line, n. Etym: [Oxy- (b) + quinoline.] (Chem.)

Defn: Hydroxy quinoline; a phenol derivative of quinoline, -- called also carbostyril.

OXYRHYNCHA Ox`y*rhyn"cha, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The maioid crabs.

OXYRRHODINE Ox*yr"rho*dine, n. Etym: [Gr. 'oxy`s acid + (Med.)

Defn: A mixture of two parts of the oil of roses with one of the vinegar of roses. Floyer.

OXYSALT Ox"y*salt, n. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + salt.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of an oxyacid, as a sulphate.

OXYSULPHIDE Ox`y*sul"phide, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A ternary compound of oxygen and sulphur.

OXYSULPHURET Ox`y*sul"phu*ret, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An oxysulphide. [Obsolescent]

OXYTOCIC Ox`y*toc"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Promoting uterine contractions, or parturition. -- n.

Defn: An oxytocic medicine or agent.

OXYTOLUENE Ox`y*tol"u*ene, n. Etym: [Oxy- (a) + toluene.]

Defn: One of three hydroxy derivatives of toluene, called the cresols. See Cresol.

OXYTONE Ox"y*tone, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Having an acute sound; (Gr. Gram.), having an acute accent on the last syllable.

OXYTONE Ox"y*tone, n.

1. An acute sound.

2. (Gr. Gram.)

Defn: A word having the acute accent on the last syllable.

OXYTONICAL Ox`y*ton"ic*al, a. (Gr. Gram.)

Defn: Oxytone.

OYER O"yer, n. Etym: [Anglo F., a hearing, from OF. oïr, F. ouïr, to hear, L. audire. See Audible.] (Law)

Defn: A hearing or an inspection, as of a deed, bond, etc., as when a defendant in court prays oyer of a writing. Blackstone. Oyer and terminer (Law), a term used in England in commissions directed to judges of assize about to hold court, directing them to hear and determine cases brought before them. In the U.S. the phrase is used to designate certain criminal courts.

OYEZ O"yez` (oyês; 277), interj. Etym: [Anglo-F. oyez hear ye. See Oyer.]

Defn: Hear; attend; -- a term used by criers of courts to secure silence before making a proclamation. It is repeated three times. [Written also oyes.]

OYLET Oy"let, n. Etym: [See Eyelet.]

1. See Eyelet.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: Same as Oillet.

OYNOUN Oy"noun, n.

Defn: Onion. [Obs.] Chaucer.

OYSTER Oys"ter, n. Etym: [OF. oistre, F. huître, L. ostrea, ostreum,Gr. Osseous, Ostracize.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any marine bivalve mollusk of the genus Ostrea. They are usually found adhering to rocks or other fixed objects in shallow water along the seacoasts, or in brackish water in the mouth of rivers. The common European oyster (Ostrea edulis), and the American oyster (Ostrea Virginiana), are the most important species.

2. A name popularly given to the delicate morsel contained in a small cavity of the bone on each side of the lower part of the back of a fowl. Fresh-water oyster (Zoöl.), any species of the genus Etheria, and allied genera, found in rivers of Africa and South America. They are irregular in form, and attach themselves to rocks like oysters, but they have a pearly interior, and are allied to the fresh-water mussels. -- Oyster bed, a breeding place for oysters; a place in a tidal river or other water on or near the seashore, where oysters are deposited to grow and fatten for market. See lst Scalp, n. -- Oyster catcher (Zoöl.), any one of several species of wading birds of the genus Hæmatopus, which frequent seashores and feed upon shellfish. The European species (H. ostralegus), the common American species (H. palliatus), and the California, or black, oyster catcher (H. Bachmani) are the best known. -- Oyster crab (Zoöl.) a small crab (Pinnotheres ostreum) which lives as a commensal in the gill cavity of the oyster. -- Oyster dredge, a rake or small dragnet of bringing up oyster from the bottom of the sea. -- Oyster fish. (Zoöl.) (a) The tautog. (b) The toadfish. -- Oyster plant. (Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus Tragopogon (T. porrifolius), the root of which, when cooked, somewhat resembles the oyster in taste; salsify; -- called also vegetable oyster. (b) A plant found on the seacoast of Northern Europe, America and Asia (Mertensia maritima), the fresh leaves of which have a strong flavor of oysters. -- Oyster plover. (Zoöl.) Same as Oyster catcher, above. -- Oyster shell (Zoöl.), the shell of an oyster. -- Oyster wench, Oyster wife, Oyster women, a women who deals in oysters. -- Pearl oyster. (Zoöl.) See under Pearl. -- Thorny oyster (Zoöl.), any spiny marine shell of the genus Spondylus.

OYSTER-GREEN Oys"ter-green`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A green membranous seaweed (Ulva) often found growing on oysters but common on stones, piles, etc.

OYSTERING Oys"ter*ing, n.

Defn: Gathering, or dredging for, oysters.

OYSTERLING Oys"ter*ling, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young oyster.

OZENA O*ze"na, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. ozaena, Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A discharge of fetid matter from the nostril, particularly if associated with ulceration of the soft parts and disease of the bones of the nose.

OZOCERITE O`zo*ce"rite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A waxlike mineral resin; -- sometimes called native paraffin, and mineral wax.

OZONATION O`zo*na"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The act of treating with ozone; also, the act of converting into, or producing, ozone; ozonization.

OZONE O"zone, n. Etym: [Gr. Odor.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless gaseous substance (O

OZONE PAPER O"zone pa"per. (Chem.)

Defn: Paper coated with starch and potassium iodine. It turns blue when exposed to ozone.>-- also called starch-iodide paper -->

P.

OZONIC O*zon"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, resembling, or containing, ozone.

OZONIFICATION O*zo`ni*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Ozone + L. -ficare to make. See fy. ] (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of producing, or of subjecting to the action of, ozone.

OZONIZATION O`zo*ni*za"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Ozonation.

OZONIZE O"zo*nize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ozonized; p. pr. & vb. n. Ozonizing.] (Chem.) (a) To convert into ozone, as oxygen. (b) To treat with ozone.

OZONIZER O"zo*ni`zer, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An apparatus or agent for the production or application of ozone.

OZONOMETER O`zo*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Ozone + -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for ascertaining the amount of ozone in the atmosphere, or in any gaseous mixture. Faraday.

OZONOMETRIC O`zo*no*met"ric, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or used for, the determination of the amount of ozone; of or relating to ozonometry.

OZONOMETRY O`zo*nom"e*try, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The measurement or determination of the quantity of ozone.

OZONOSCOPE O*zo"no*scope, n. Etym: [Ozone + -scope.] (Chem.)

Defn: An apparatus employed to indicate the presence, or the amount, of ozone.

OZONOSCOPIC O*zo`no*scop"ic, a. Etym: [Ozone + Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Serving to indicate the presence or the amount of ozone.

OZONOUS O"zo*nous, a.

Defn: Pertaining to or containing, ozone.

P P (pe),

Defn: the sixteenth letter of the English alphabet, is a nonvocal consonant whose form and value come from the Latin, into which language the letter was brought, through the ancient Greek, from the Phonician, its probable origin being Egyptian. Etymologically P is most closely related to b, f, and v; as hobble, hopple; father, paternal; recipient, receive. See B, F, and M.

See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 247, 248, and 184-195.

PA Pa (pä), n.

Defn: A shortened form of Papa.

PAAGE Pa"age (pa"ayj; 48), n. [OF. paage, paiage, F. péage, fr. (assumed) LL. pedaticum, fr. L. pes, pedis, foot. See Pedage, Pedal.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A toll for passage over another person's grounds. [Written also peage and pedage.] Burke.

PAARD Paard (pärd), n. [D., a horse.]

Defn: The zebra. [S. Africa]

PAAS Paas (pals), n. [D. paash. See Pasch.]

Defn: The Easter festival. [Local, U. S.] Bartlett.

Paas egg. See Easter egg, under Easter.

PAAS Paas (päs), n.

Defn: Pace [Obs.] Chaucer

PABULAR Pab"u*lar, a. [L. pabularis.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or fit for, pabulum or food; affording food.

PABULATION Pab`u*la"tion, n. [L. pabulatio, fr. pabulari to feed, fr. pabulum food. See Pabulum.]

1. The act of feeding, or providing food. [Obs.] Cockeram.

2. Food; fodder; pabulum. [Obs.]

PABULOUS Pab"u*lous, a. [L. pabulosus.]

Defn: Affording pabulum, or food; alimental. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

PABULUM Pab"u*lum, n. [L., akin to pascere to pasture. See Pastor.]

Defn: The means of nutriment to animals or plants; food; nourishment; hence, that which feeds or sustains, as fuel for a fire; that upon which the mind or soul is nourished; as, intellectual pabulum.

PAC Pac, n.

Defn: A kind of moccasin, having the edges of the sole turned up and sewed to the upper. Knight.

PACA Pa"ca, n. [Pg., from the native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small South American rodent (Cologenys paca), having blackish brown fur, with four parallel rows of white spots along its sides; the spotted cavy. It is nearly allied to the agouti and the Guinea pig.

PACABLE Pa"ca*ble, a. [L. pacare to pacify.]

Defn: Placable. [R.] Coleridge.

PACANE Pa*cane", n. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of hickory. See Pecan.

PACATE Pa"cate, a. [L. pacatus, p. p. of pacare to pacify, fr. pax, pacis, peace. See Pay to requite, Peace.]

Defn: Appeased; pacified; tranquil. [R.]

PACATED Pa"ca*ted, a.

Defn: Pacified; pacate.

PACATION Pa*ca"tion, n. [L. pacatio.]

Defn: The act of pacifying; a peacemaking. Coleridge.

PACER Pa"cer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, paces; especially, a horse that paces.

PACHACAMAC Pa`cha*ca*mac", n.

Defn: A divinity worshiped by the ancient Peruvians as the creator of the universe.

PACHAK Pa*chak", n. (Bot.)

Defn: The fragrant roots of the Saussurea Costus, exported from India to China, and used for burning as incense. It is supposed to be the costus of the ancients. [Written also putchuck.]

PACHALIC Pa*cha"lic, a. & n.

Defn: See Pashalic.

PACHISI; PARCHESI; PARCHISI; PARCHEESI Pa*chi"si, n. Commonly spelt Par*che"si, Par*chi"si, Par*chee"si.

Defn: A game adopted from the Indian game, using disks, as of pasteboard, and dice. [U. S. & Eng.]

PACHISI; PARCHESI Pa*chi"si, Par*che"si, n. [Hind., fr. pachis twenty-five, the highest throw in the game.]

Defn: A game, somewhat resembling backgammon, originating in India.

PACHOMETER Pa*chom"e*ter, n. [Gr. pa`chos thickness + -meter.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring thickness, as of the glass of a mirror, or of paper; a pachymeter.

PACHONTA Pa*chon"ta, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A substance resembling gutta-percha, and used to adulterate it, obtained from the East Indian tree Isonandra acuminata.

PACHUCA TANK Pa*chu"ca tank. (Metallurgy)

Defn: A high and narrow tank, with a central cylinder for the introduction of compressed air, used in the agitation and settling of pulp (pulverized ore and water) during treatment by the cyanide process; -- so named because, though originally devised in New Zealand, it was first practically introduced in Pachuca, Mexico.

PACHY- Pach"y-. [Gr. thick.]

Defn: A combining form meaning thick; as, pachyderm, pachydactyl.

PACHYCARPOUS Pach`y*car"pous, a. [Pachy- + Gr. fruit.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the pericarp thick.

PACHYDACTYL Pach`y*dac"tyl, n. [Pachy- + dactyl.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bird or other animal having thick toes.

PACHYDACTYLOUS Pach`y*dac"tyl*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having thick toes.

PACHYDERM Pach"y*derm, n. [Cf. F. pachyderme.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Pachydermata.

PACHYDERMAL Pach`y*der"mal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or relating to the pachyderms; as, pachydermal dentition.

PACHYDERMATA Pach`y*der"ma*ta, n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. thick-skinned; pachy`s thick + skin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of hoofed mammals distinguished for the thickness of their skins, including the elephant, hippopotamus, rhinoceros, tapir, horse, and hog. It is now considered an artificial group.

PACHYDERMATOUS Pach`y*der"ma*tous, a.

1. (Zoöl.) Of or pertaining to the pachyderms.

2. Thick-skinned; not sensitive to ridicule.

PACHYDERMOID Pach`y*der"moid, a. [Pachyderm + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Related to the pachyderms.

PACHYGLOSSAL Pach`y*glos"sal, a. [Pachy- + Gr. tongue.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a thick tongue; --applied to a group of lizards (Pachyglossæ), including the iguanas and agamas.

PACHYMENINGITIS Pach`y*men`in*gi"tis, n. [Pachy-+ meningitis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the dura mater or outer membrane of the brain.

PACHYMETER Pa*chym"e*ter, n. [Pachy- + -meter.]

Defn: Same as Pachometer.

PACHYOTE Pach"y*ote, n. [Pachy- + Gr. , , ear.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a family of bats, including those which have thick external ears.

PACIFIABLE Pac"i*fi`a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being pacified or appeased; placable.

PACIFIC Pa*cif"ic, a. [L. pacificus: cf. F. pacifique. See Pacify.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to peace; suited to make or restore peace; of a peaceful character; not warlike; not quarrelsome; conciliatory; as, pacific words or acts; a pacific nature or condition.

Pacific Ocean, the ocean between America and Asia, so called by Magellan, its first European navigator, on account of the exemption from violent tempests which he enjoyed while sailing over it; -- called also, simply, the Pacific, and, formerly, the South sea.

Syn. -- Peacemaking; appeasing; conciliatory; tranquil; calm; quiet; peaceful; reconciling; mild; gentle.

PACIFICABLE Pa*cif"ic*a*ble, a.

Defn: Placable. [R.] Bp. Hall.

PACIFICAL Pa*cif"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to peace; pacific. [R.] Sir H. Wotton. -- Pa*cif"ic*al*ly, adv. [R.]

PACIFICATION Pa*cif`i*ca"tion, n. [L. pacificatio: cf. F. pacification. See Pacify.]

Defn: The act or process of pacifying, or of making peace between parties at variance; reconciliation. "An embassy of pacification." Bacon.

PACIFICATOR Pa*cif"i*ca`tor, n. [L.]

Defn: One who, or that which, pacifies; a peacemaker. Bacon.

PACIFICATORY Pa*cif"i*ca*to*ry, a. [L. pacificatorius.]

Defn: Tending to make peace; conciliatory. Barrow.

PACIFICO Pa*ci"fi*co, n. [Sp. See Pacific.]

Defn: A peaceful person; -- applied specif. by the Spaniards to the natives in Cuba and the Philippine Islands who did not oppose the Spanish arms.

While we were going through the woods one of the pacificos pointed to a new grave. Harper's Weekly.

PACIFIER Pac"i*fi`er, n.

Defn: One who pacifies.

PACIFY Pac"i*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Pacified; p. pr. & vb. n. Pacifying.] [F. pacifier, L. pacificare; pax, pacis, peace + -ficare (in comp.) to make. See Peace, and -fy.]

Defn: To make to be at peace; to appease; to calm; to still; to quiet; to allay the agitation, excitement, or resentment of; to tranquillize; as, to pacify a man when angry; to pacify pride, appetite, or importunity. "Pray ye, pacify yourself." Shak.

To pacify and settle those countries. Bacon.

PACINIAN Pa*cin"i*an, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or discovered by, Filippo Pacini, an Italian physician of the 19th century.

Pacinian corpuscles, small oval bodies terminating some of the minute branches of the sensory nerves in the integument and other parts of the body. They are supposed to be tactile organs.

PACK Pack, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Packed; p. pr. & vb. n. Packing.] Etym: [Akin to D. pakken, G. packen, Dan. pakke, Sw. packa, Icel. pakka. See Pack, n.]

1. To make a pack of; to arrange closely and securely in a pack; hence, to place and arrange compactly as in a pack; to press into close order or narrow compass; as to pack goods in a box; to pack fish. Strange materials packed up with wonderful art. Addison. Where . . . the bones Of all my buried ancestors are packed. Shak.

2. To fill in the manner of a pack, that is, compactly and securely, as for transportation; hence, to fill closely or to repletion; to stow away within; to cause to be full; to crowd into; as, to pack a trunk; the play, or the audience, packs the theater.

3. To sort and arrange (the cards) in a pack so as to secure the game unfairly. And mighty dukes pack cards for half a crown. Pope.

4. Hence: To bring together or make up unfairly and fraudulently, in order to secure a certain result; as, to pack a jury or a causes. The expected council was dwindling into . . . a packed assembly of Italian bishops. Atterbury.

5. To contrive unfairly or fraudulently; to plot. [Obs.] He lost life . . . upon a nice point subtilely devised and packed by his enemies. Fuller.

6. To load with a pack; hence, to load; to encumber; as, to pack a horse. Our thighs packed with wax, our mouths with honey. Shack.

7. To cause to go; to send away with baggage or belongings; esp., to send away peremptorily or suddenly; -- sometimes with off; as, to pack a boy off to school. He . . . must not die Till George be packed with post horse up to heaven. Shak.

8. To transport in a pack, or in the manner of a pack (i. e., on the backs of men or beasts). [Western U.S.]

9. (Hydropathy)

Defn: To envelop in a wet or dry sheet, within numerous coverings. See Pack, n., 5.

10. (Mech.)

Defn: To render impervious, as by filling or surrounding with suitable material, or to fit or adjust so as to move without giving passage to air, water, or steam; as, to pack a joint; to pack the piston of a steam engine.

PACK Pack, v. i.

1. To make up packs, bales, or bundles; to stow articles securely for transportation.

2. To admit of stowage, or of making up for transportation or storage; to become compressed or to settle together, so as to form a compact mass; as, the goods pack conveniently; wet snow packs well.

3. To gather in flocks or schools; as, the grouse or the perch begin to pack. [Eng.]

4. To depart in haste; -- generally with off or away. Poor Stella must pack off to town Swift. You shall pack, And never more darken my doors again. Tennyson.

5. To unite in bad measures; to confederate for ill purposes; to join in collusion. [Obs.] "Go pack with him." Shak. To send packing, to drive away; to send off roughly or in disgrace; to dismiss unceremoniously. "The parliament . . . presently sent him packing. South.

PACKAGE Pack"age, n.

1. Act or process of packing.

2. A bundle made up for transportation; a packet; a bale; a parcel; as, a package of goods.

3. A charge made for packing goods.

4. A duty formerly charged in the port of London on goods imported or exported by aliens, or by denizens who were the sons of aliens.

PACKER Pack"er, n.

Defn: A person whose business is to pack things; especially, one who packs food for preservation; as, a pork packer.

PACKET Pack"et, n. Etym: [F. paquet, dim. fr. LL. paccus, from the same source as E. pack. See Pack.]

1. A small pack or package; a little bundle or parcel; as, a packet of letters. Shak.

2. Originally, a vessel employed by government to convey dispatches or mails; hence, a vessel employed in conveying dispatches, mails, passengers, and goods, and having fixed days of sailing; a mail boat. Packet boat, ship, or vessel. See Packet, n., 2. -- Packet day, the day for mailing letters to go by packet; or the sailing day. -- Packet note or post. See under Paper.

PACKET Pack"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Packeted; p. pr. & vb. n. Packeting.]

1. To make up into a packet or bundle.

2. To send in a packet or dispatch vessel. Her husband Was packeted to France. Ford.

PACKET Pack"et, v. i.

Defn: To ply with a packet or dispatch boat.

PACKFONG Pack"fong`, n. Etym: [Chin. peh tung.] (Metal.)

Defn: A Chinese alloy of nickel, zinc, and copper, resembling German silver.

PACK HERSE Pack herse.

Defn: See under 2d Pack.

PACKHOUSE Pack"house`, n.

Defn: Warehouse for storing goods.

PACKING Pack"ing, n.

1. The act or process of one who packs.

2. Any material used to pack, fill up, or make close. Specifically (Mach.):

Defn: A substance or piece used to make a joint impervious; as: (a) A thin layer, or sheet, of yielding or elastic material inserted between the surfaces of a flange joint. (b) The substance in a stuffing box, through which a piston rod slides. (c) A yielding ring, as of metal, which surrounds a piston and maintains a tight fit, as inside a cylinder, etc.

3. (Masonry)

Defn: Same as Filling. [Rare in the U. S.]

4. A trick; collusion. [Obs.] Bale. Cherd packing (Bridge Building), the arrangement, side by side, of several parts, as bars, diagonals, a post, etc., on a pin at the bottom of a chord. Waddell. -- Packing box, a stuffing box. See under Stuffing. -- Packing press, a powerful press for baling cotton, wool, hay, etc. -- Packing ring. See Packing, 2 (c), and Illust. of Piston. -- Packing sheet. (a) A large cloth for packing goods. (b) A sheet prepared for packing hydropathic patients.

PACKMAN Pack"man, n.; pl. Packmen (.

Defn: One who bears a pack; a peddler.

PACK SADDLE; PACK THREAD Pack saddle, Pack thread.

Defn: See under 2d Pack.

PACKWAX Pack"wax`, n. (Anat.)

Defn: Same as Paxwax.

PACKWAY Pack"way`, n.

Defn: A path, as over mountains, followed by pack animals.

PACO; PACOS Pa"co, Pa"cos, n. Etym: [Sp. paco, fr. Peruv. paco. Cf. Alpaca.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Alpaca.

2. Etym: [Peruv. paco, pacu, red, reddish, reddish ore containing silver; perh. a different word.] (Min.)

Defn: An earthy-looking ore, consisting of brown oxide of iron with minute particles of native silver. Ure.

PACT Pact, n. Etym: [L. pactum, fr. paciscere to make a bargain or contract, fr. pacere to settle, or agree upon; cf. pangere to fasten, Gr. paca bond, and E. fang: cf. F. pacie. Cf. Peace, Fadge, v.]

Defn: An agreement; a league; a compact; a covenant. Bacon. The engagement and pact of society whish goes by the name of the constitution. Burke.

PACTION Pac"tion, n. Etym: [L. pactio: cf. F. paction. See Pact.]

Defn: An agreement; a compact; a bargain. [R.] Sir W. Scott.

PACTIONAL Pac"tion*al, a.

Defn: Of the nature of, or by means of, a paction. Bp. Sanderson.

PACTITIOUS Pac*ti"tious, a. Etym: [L. pactitius, pacticius.]

Defn: Setted by a pact, or agreement. [R.] Johnson.

PACTOLIAN Pac*to"li*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the Pactolus, a river in ancient Lydia famous for its golden sands.

PACU Pa"cu, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South American freah-water fish (Myleies pacu), of the family Characinidæ. It is highly esteemed as food.

PAD Pad, n. Etym: [D. pad. sq. root21. See Path.]

1. A footpath; a road. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]

2. An easy-paced horse; a padnag. Addison An abbot on an ambling pad. Tennyson.

3. A robber that infests the road on foot; a highwayman; -- usually called a footpad. Gay. Byron.

4. The act of robbing on the highway. [Obs.]

PAD Pad, v. t.

Defn: To travel upon foot; to tread. [Obs.] Padding the streets for half a crown. Somerville.

PAD Pad, v. i.

1. To travel heavily or slowly. Bunyan.

2. To rob on foot. [Obs.] Cotton Mather.

3. To wear a path by walking. [Prov. Eng.]

PAD Pad, n. Etym: [Perh. akin to pod.]

1. A soft, or small, cushion; a mass of anything soft; stuffing.

2. A kind of cushion for writing upon, or for blotting; esp., one formed of many flat sheets of writing paper, or layers of blotting paper; a block of paper.

3. A cushion used as a saddle without a tree or frame.

4. A stuffed guard or protection; esp., one worn on the legs of horses to prevent bruising.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A cushionlike thickening of the skin one the under side of the toes of animals.

6. A floating leaf of a water lily or similar plant.

7. (Med.)

Defn: A soft bag or cushion to relieve pressure, support a part, etc.

8. (Naut.)

Defn: A piece of timber fixed on a beam to fit the curve of the deck. W. C. Russel.

9. A measure for fish; as, sixty mackerel go to a pad; a basket of soles. [Eng.] Simmonds. Pad cloth, a saddlecloth; a housing. -- Pad saddle. See def. 3, above. -- Pad tree (Harness Making), a piece of wood or metal which gives rigidity and shape to a harness pad. Knight.

PAD Pad, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Padded; p. pr. & vb. n. Padding.]

1. To stuff; to furnish with a pad or padding.

2. (Calico Printing)

Defn: To imbue uniformly with a mordant; as, to pad cloth. Ure.

PADAR Pad"ar, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: Groats; coarse flour or meal. [Obs.] Sir. H. Wotton.

PADDER Pad"der, n.

1. One who, or that which, pads.

2. A highwayman; a footpad. [Obs.]

PADDING Pad"ding, n.

1. The act or process of making a pad or of inserting stuffing.

2. The material with which anything is padded.

3. Material of inferior value, serving to extend a book, essay, etc. London Sat. Rev.

4. (Calico Printing)

Defn: The uniform impregnation of cloth with a mordant.

PADDLE Pad"dle, v. i. Etym: [Prob. for pattle, and a dim. of pat, v.; cf. also E. pad to tread, Prov. G. paddeln, padden, to walk with short steps, to paddle, G. patschen to splash, dash, dabble, F. patouiller to dabble, splash, fr. patte a paw.

1. To use the hands or fingers in toying; to make caressing strokes. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To dabble in water with hands or feet; to use a paddle, or something which serves as a paddle, in swimming, in paddling a boat, etc. As the men were paddling for their lives. L'Estrange. While paddling ducks the standing lake desire. Gay.

PADDLE Pad"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Paddled; p. pr. & vb. n. Paddling]

1. To pat or stroke amorously, or gently. To be paddling palms and pinching fingers. Shak.

2. To propel with, or as with, a paddle or paddles.

3. To pad; to tread upon; to trample. [Prov. Eng.]

PADDLE Pad"dle, n. Etym: [See Paddle, v. i.]

1. An implement with a broad blade, which is used without a fixed fulcrum in propelling and steering canoes and boats.

2. The broad part of a paddle, with which the stroke is made; hence, any short, broad blade, resembling that of a paddle. Thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon. Deut. xxiii. 13.

3. One of the broad boards, or floats, at the circumference of a water wheel, or paddle wheel.

4. A small gate in sluices or lock gates to admit or let off water; - - also called clough.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A paddle-shaped foot, as of the sea turtle.

6. A paddle-shaped implement for string or mixing.

7. Etym: [In this sense prob. for older spaddle, a dim. of spade.]

Defn: See Paddle staff (b), below. [Prov. Eng.] Paddle beam (Shipbuilding), one of two large timbers supporting the spring beam and paddle box of a steam vessel. -- Paddle board. See Paddle, n., 3. -- Paddle box, the structure inclosing the upper part of the paddle wheel of a steam vessel. -- Paddle shaft, the revolving shaft which carries the paddle wheel of a steam vessel. -- Paddle staff. (a) A staff tipped with a broad blade, used by mole catchers. [Prov. Eng.] (b) A long-handled spade used to clean a plowshare; -- called also plow staff. [Prov. Eng.] -- Paddle steamer, a steam vessel propelled by paddle wheels, in distinction from a screw propeller. -- Paddle wheel, the propelling wheel of a steam vessel, having paddles (or floats) on its circumference, and revolving in a vertical plane parallel to the vessel's length.

PADDLECOCK Pad"dle*cock`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The lumpfish. [Prov. Eng.]

PADDLEFISH Pad"dle*fish`, n. (Zoöl)

Defn: A large ganoid fish (Polyodon spathula) found in the rivers of the Mississippi Valley. It has a long spatula-shaped snout. Called also duck-billed cat, and spoonbill sturgeon.

PADDLER Pad"dler, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, paddles.

PADDLER Pad"dler, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, paddles.

PADDLEWOOD Pad"dle*wood`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The light elastic wood of the Aspidosperma excelsum, a tree of Guiana having a fluted trunk readily split into planks.

PADDOCK Pad"dock, n. Etym: [OE. padde toad, frog + -ock; akin to D. pad, padde, toad, Icel. & Sw. padda, Dan. padde.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A toad or frog. Wyclif. "Loathed paddocks." Spenser Paddock pipe (Bot.), a hollow-stemmed plant of the genus Equisetum, especially E. limosum and the fruiting stems of E. arvense; -- called also padow pipe and toad pipe. See Equisetum. -- Paddock stone. See Toadstone. -- Paddock stool (Bot.),a toadstool.

PADDOCK Pad"dock, n. Etym: [Corrupted fr. parrock. See Parrock.]

1. A small inclosure or park for sporting. [Obs.]

2. A small inclosure for pasture; esp., one adjoining a stable. Evelyn. Cowper.

PADDY Pad"dy, a. Etym: [Prov. E. paddy worm-eaten.]

Defn: Low; mean; boorish; vagabond. "Such pady persons." Digges (1585). "The paddy persons." Motley.

PADDY Pad"dy, n.; pl. Paddies. Etym: [Corrupted fr. St. Patrick, the tutelar saint of Ireland.]

Defn: A jocose or contemptuous name for an Irishman.

PADDY Pad"dy, n. Etym: [Either fr. Canarese bhatta or Malay padi.] (Bot.)

Defn: Unhusked rice; -- commonly so called in the East Indies. Paddy bird. (Zoöl.) See Java sparrow, under Java.

PAD ELEPHANT Pad elephant.

Defn: An elephant that is furnished with a pad for carrying burdens instead of with a howdah for carrying passengers.

PADELION Pad`e*li"on, n. Etym: [F. pas de lionon's foot.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant with pedately lobed leaves; the lady's mantle.

PADELLA Pa*del"la, n. Etym: [It., prop., a pan, a friing pan, fr. L. patella a pan.]

Defn: A large cup or deep saucer, containing fatty matter in which a wick is placed, -- used for public illuminations, as at St. Peter's, in Rome. Called also padelle.

PADEMELON Pad`e*mel"on, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Wallaby.

PADESOY Pad"e*soy`, n.