Heath's French and English dictionary (part 9 of 19)

Heath's French and English dictionary (part 9 of 19)

=ternir=, v.a., to tarnish, to dull; to deaden; to sully; to stain. — des couleurs; to deaden the colors. — sa gloire; to tarnish one’s glory.

se =ternir=, v.r., to tarnish, to grow dull, to be sullied; to fade (of colors).

=ternissure=, n.f., tarnishing, dullness, fading, blemish, stain.

=terrage=, n.m., claying (of sugar).

=terrain=, n.m., ground; soil, earth, land; ground-plot; piece of ground, field, course. Gagner du —; to gain ground. Tâter le —; (fig.) to feel one’s way. Être sur son —; to be in one’s element. Sur le —; on the field. Aller sur le —; to fight a duel. Céder le —; to yield, to give way. Disputer le —; to stand one’s ground, to dispute every inch of the ground. Le — des courses; the race course, the course. Ménager le —; (fig.) to act cautiously.

=terral=, n.m., (nav.) wind coming from land.

=terraqué=, =-e= (-ké), adj., terraqueous.

=terrasse=, n.f., terrace; flat roof, balcony, earthwork; (paint.) foreground.

=terrassement= (-ras-mān), n.m., earthwork, embankment, ballasting, banking.

=terrasser=, v.a., to fill in with earth-work; to embank; to throw on the ground; to fell, to throw down; to knock down; to confound, to dismay, to throw into consternation, to nonplus, to beat.

=terrasseu-x=, =-se=, adj., earthy (of marble).

=terrassier=, n.m., digger, excavator, navvy.

=terre=, n.f., earth, land, ground, soil, mold; dominion, territory, grounds, estate, property, homestead; world; land, shore. Cultiver la —; to till the ground. — ferme; dry-land, terra firma, main land, continent. Se coucher à —; to lie flat on the ground. Jeter un homme à —; to throw a man on the ground. Hautes —s; highlands. Basses —s; lowlands. — à foulon or — à dégraisser; fuller’s earth. — à potier; potter’s earth. Vaisselle de —; earthenware. Mettre pied à —; to alight. Mettre à —; to put down; (nav.) to land. Perdre —; to lose sight of land; to get out of one’s depth (in swimming). Aller à —; to be prosy, to grovel; (man.) to passage low; (nav.) to sail along the coast. — franche; vegetable mold. — sainte; consecrated ground; holy land. Pipe de, or en, —; clay pipe. — à porcelaine; china clay. — glaise; clay. Par —; on the ground, on the floor; by land. À —; on the ground, on the floor. Tomber par —, tomber à —; to fall down. Aller par —; to go by land. Qui — a, guerre a; much coin, much care. Mettre en —; to bury. Ventre à —; at full gallop. Vivre sur ses —s; to live on one’s property. Vivre de ses —s; to live on the income of one’s property. — à —, adj., commonplace; vulgar, low, prosy.

=terreau=, n.m., (gard.) vegetable mold; mold, compost.

=terre d’ombre=, n.f. V. =ombre=.

=terre-mérite=, n.f., (n.p.) turmeric (in powder).

=terre-neuve=, n.m., (—) Newfoundland dog.

=terre-neuvier=, n.m., (—-—s) (nav.) banker; Newfoundland fisherman, or (of a ship) trader; Newfoundland dog.

=terre-noix=, n.f., (—) (bot.), pig-nut, earth-nut, ground-nut.

=terre-plein=, n.m., (—-—s) (fort.) terre-plein; platform.

=terrer=, v.a., (gard.) to renew the mold of; to spread mold over; to burrow; to clay (sugar), to fuller’s earth (cloth, etc.).

se =terrer=, v.r., to earth one’s self, to burrow.

=terrer=, v.n., to burrow.

=terrestre=, adj., terrestrial, earthly.

=terrette=, n.f., ground-ivy.

=terreur= (tèr-reur), n.f., terror, trepidation, awe, dread. Temps de la —; (French hist.) Reign of Terror.

=terreu-x=, =-se=, adj., terreous, earthy; dirty; dull (of colors); cadaverous (of the countenance).

=terrible= (tèr-ribl), adj., terrible, dreadful, awful; unmanageable (of children).

=terriblement= (tèr-ri-), adv., terribly, dreadfully, awfully; with a vengeance.

=terrien= (tè-ri-in), n.m., =-ne= (tè-ri-èn), n.f., landholder.

=terrier= (tè-rié), n.m., terrier (hole); burrow, hole; terrier (dog). — griffin; Scotch terrier.

=terrier= (tè-rié), adj.m., only used in the expression, Papier —; court-roll, terrier.

=terrifier= (tèr-ri-), v.a., to terrify, to dismay.

=terrine= (tè-ri-n), n.f., earthen pan; dish. En —; potted.

=terrinée= (tè-ri-), n.f., panful.

=terrir= (tè-rir), v.n., to lay eggs in earth or sand (of the tortoise); (nav.) to approach land.

=territoire= (tè-ri-toar), n.m., territory; jurisdiction.

=territorial=, =-e= (tè-ri-), adj., territorial.

=terroir= (tè-roar), n.m., soil, ground. Goût de —; raciness (of style).

=terroriser= (tèr-ro-), v.a., to govern by terror, to terrorize.

=terrorisme= (tèr-ro-), n.m., terrorism.

=terroriste= (tèr-ro-), n.m., terrorist.

=terser= (tèr-), v.a. V. =tercer=.

=tertiaire= (tèr-siè-r), adj., (geol., med.) tertiary.

=tertio= (tèr-siô), adv., thirdly.

=tertre= (tèr-), n.m., hillock, rising ground, knoll, ridge, mound. — funéraire; grave; moldering heap (Gray).

=tes= (tè), possessive adj. pl., thy. V. =ton=.

=tesson= (tè-) or =têt= (tè), n.m., potsherd, fragment of broken glass.

=test= (tèst), n.m., (English hist.) test.

=test= (tèst) or =têt= (tè), n.m., (zöol.) shell.

=testacé= (tès-), n.m., shelled animal, testacean.

=testacé=, =-e= (tès-), adj., testaceous.

=testament= (tès-), n.m., Testament; testament, will, last will and testament. Ancien —; Old Testament. Nouveau —; New Testament.

=testamentaire= (tès-), adj., testamentary.

☉=testat= (tès-tat), adj., testate.

=testat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., (tès-), testator, testatrix.

=tester= (tès-), v.n., to make one’s will. Mourir sans —; to die intestate.

=testicule= (tès-), n.m., testicle.

=testif= (tès-), n.m., camel’s hair.

=testimonial=, =-e= (tès-), adj., testifying, of testimony, by witness.

☉=teston= (tès-), n.m., (old coin) testoon.

☉=testonner= (tès-), v.a., to dress the hair.

=têt= (tè) or =test= (tèst), n.m., (chem., metal.) test, cupel, potsherd, broken glass, etc.

=tétanique=, adj., (med.) tetanic.

=tétanos= (-nos), n.m., (med.) tetanus; lock-jaw.

=têtard=, n.m., tadpole; pole-socket (of carriages); (ich.) bull-head, miller’s thumb.

=tétasses= (tè-), n.f.pl., (triv.) flabby hanging-down breasts.

=tête=, n.f., head, head-piece; brains, sense, judgment; presence of mind, self-possession; hair, head of hair; horns (of stags); front, head (of a bridge); top (of things); (milit.) van, vanguard; court-card (of playing cards); (bot.) capitulum; header (swimming). — à perruque; wig-block, barber’s block; (fig.) blockhead, old fogy. — de Méduse; Medusa’s head; (fig.) anything producing terror, anything horrible. Mal de —; headache. Signe de —; nod. La — en avant; head foremost. — ou pile; head or tails. — de colonne; foremost body. — de ligne; starting point, terminus, port of departure. Payer tant par —; to pay so much a head, a piece. Aller la — levée; to carry one’s head high. Donner — baissée contre; to run full butt at. Donner de la — contre un mur; to hit one’s head against a stone wall. Se monter la —; to get excited over anything. Avoir mauvaise — mais bon cœur; to be quick-tempered, but kind-hearted. Avoir la — fêlée; to be crack-brained. Avoir des affaires par-dessus la —; to be over head and ears in business, in work. Avoir de la —; to have presence of mind, to be resolute. Ce sont deux —s dans un bonnet; they are hand and glove together. Crier à tue —; to bawl out loud, to shout at the top of one’s voice. — baissée; headlong. — pelée, — chauve; bald head. Cela lui met martel en —; that worries him to death. La — me fend; my head is ready to split. La — me tourne; I feel giddy. En avoir pardessus la —; to be sick and tired of anything, to be over head and ears in. Avoir la — près du bonnet; to be passionate, hot-headed. La — lui a tourné; he has lost his senses. Il ne sait où donner de la —; he does not know which way to turn. Autant de —s, autant d’opinions; so many men, so many minds. Il y va de votre —; your life is at stake. Vous en répondrez sur votre —; your head will answer for it. Il est homme de —; he has a good head, he is a man of resource. Il a la — dure; he is dull of understanding. C’est une mauvaise —; he is an obstinate fellow. Avoir une chose en —; to have a thing in one’s head, to be bent upon a thing. Perdre la —; to lose one’s head, to lose one’s self-possession; to lose one’s wits. Agir de —; to act with prudence. Faire à sa —; to have one’s own way, to follow one’s own bent. Avoir la — chaude; to be hot-headed. Tenir — à quelqu’un; to cope with any one. Tourner la — à quelqu’un; to turn any one’s head, brain. De la — aux pieds; from head to foot; from top to toe. Faire un signe de —; to nod. — de mort; death’s head. En —; in one’s head; in front, ahead. — d’âne; (ich.) miller’s thumb, bull-head.

=tête-à-tête=, n.m., (—) tête-à-tête, private interview or conversation. En —; face to face, in private, by ourselves, etc.; (furniture) settee, ottoman.

=têteau=, n.m., end of a branch.

=tête-bêche=, adj., top against bottom.

=tête-bleu!= int., zounds!

=tête-dieu!= int., zounds!

=teter= (té-) or =téter=, v.a., to suck (milk).

=teter= (té-) or =téter=, v.n., to suck. Donner à — à; to give suck to, to suckle.

=têtière= (-ti-è-r), n.f., infant’s cap; antimacassar; head-stall (of a bridle).

=tétin= (té-), n.m., nipple, teat.

=tétine= (té-), n.f., (cook.) udder; dent (on a cuirass).

=téton= (té-), n.m., teat, breast (of a woman). Bouton du —; nipple.

=tétonnière= (té-), n.f., breast-band; (l.ex.) full-breasted woman.

=tétra=, a prefix from Gr. τετρα.

=tétracorde=, n.m., tetrachord.

=tétradrachme=, n.m. and f., (antiq.) tetradrachm.

=tétradynamie=, n.f., (bot.) tetradynamia.

=tétraèdre=, n.m., (geom.) tetrahedron.

=tétragone=, n.m. and adj., (geom.) tetragon; tetragonal.

=tétralogie=, n.f., (antiq.) tetralogy.

=tétramètre=, n.m., tetrameter.

=tétrandrie=, n.f., (bot.) tetrandria.

=tétrapétalé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) tetrapetalous.

=tétraphylle=, adj., (bot.) tetraphyllous.

=tétrarcat= or =tétrarchat=, n.m., tetrarchate.

=tétrarchie=, n.f., tetrarchy.

=tétrarque=, n.m., tetrarch.

=tétras= (-trâs), n.m., (orni.) grouse, capercailzie.

=tétrastyle=, n.m., (arch.) tetrastyle.

=tétrasyllabe=, n.m., (gram.) tetrasyllable.

=tette= (têt), n.f., teat, dug (of animals).

=tette-chèvre= (tèt-), n.m., (—-—s) (orni.) goat-sucker, fern-owl.

=têtu=, =-e=, adj., headstrong, willful, stubborn, obstinate.

=têtu=, n.m., (tech.) granite hammer.

=teutonique=, adj., Teutonic.

=texte= (tèkst), n.m., text, theme, matter, subject, point; (jur.) purview; passage (of Scripture). Petit —; (print.) brevier. Gros —; (print.) two-line brevier. Revenir à son —; to return to the point. Restituer un —; to restore a text. Livre de —; text-book.

=textile= (tèks-til), n.m. and adj., textile material; textile.

=textuaire= (tèks-tu-è-r), n.m., text. adj., textuary.

=textuel=, =-le= (tèks-tu-èl), adj., textual, word for word.

=textuellement= (tèks-tu-èl-mān), adv., textually, word for word, verbatim.

=texture= (tèks-tur), n.f., weaving, texture; connection.

=thalame=, n.m., (bot.) thalamus.

=thaler= (-lèr), n.m., dollar (German coin).

=thallium=, n.m., (n.p.) (chem.) thallium.

=thalweg=, n.m., (—s) (geog.) thalweg; middle line of a river.

=thane=, n.m., thane (Saxon or Danish baron).

=thapsie=, n.f., (bot.) deadly carrot.

=thaumaturge=, n.m. and adj., thaumaturge; thaumaturgical.

=thaumaturgie=, n.f., thaumaturgy.

=thé=, n.m., tea; tea-party; (bot.) tea-tree. Boîte à —; tea-caddy, tea-canister. Cabaret à —, service à —; set of tea-things, tea-service.

=théatin=, n.m., theatine (monk or nun).

=théâtral=, =-e=, adj., theatrical.

=théâtralement=, adv., theatrically.

=théâtre=, n.m., theater, playhouse; stage; plays (collection); theater (scene, place of action); scene, field, seat. Monter sur le —; to appear upon the stage, to act, to tread the boards. Changement de —; change of scenery. Coup de —; unexpected event, striking event; (fam.) claptrap. — de la guerre; seat of war. — de Corneille; Corneille’s plays. Roi de —; mere shadow of a king. Accommoder un sujet au —; to adapt anything for the stage.

=thébaïde=, n.f., Egyptian desert; (fig.) a desert, lonely solitude.

=thébain=, n.m. and adj., Theban.

=théière=, n.f., tea-pot.

=théiforme=, adj., theiform (infusions).

=théisme=, n.m., theism.

=théiste=, n.m., theist.

=theifuse=, n.f., river-crab.

=thème=, n.m., topic, subject, theme; (mus.) theme; (astrol.) scheme; composition, exercise (in schools).

=thémis=, n.f., Themis, (poet. st.e.) justice.

=théocratie= (-ci), n.f., theocracy.

=théocratique=, adj., theocratic, theocratical.

=théocratiquement= (-tik-mān), adv., theocratically.

=théodicée=, n.f., theodicy.

=théodolite=, n.m., (math.) theodolite.

=théodosien=, adj., Theodosian.

=théogonie=, n.f., theogony.

=théogonique=, adj., relating to theogony.

=théologal=, n.m., lecturer on divinity.

=théologal=, =-e=, adj., theological, divine.

=théologale=, n.f., lectureship on divinity.

=théologie=, n.f., theology, divinity. Docteur en —; doctor of divinity.

=théologien= (-ji-in), n.m., theologian, divine.

=théologique=, adj., theological.

=théologiquement= (-jik-mān), adv., theologically.

=théorbe=, n.m. V. =téorbe=.

=théorème=, n.m., theorem.

=théoricien= (-sī-in), n.m., theorist.

=théorie=, n.f., theory; speculation. Faire des —s; to speculate, to theorize.

=théorique=, adj., theoretical.

=théoriquement= (-rik-mān), adv., theoretically.

=théoriser=, v.a., to theorize.

=théoriste=, n.m., theorist.

=théosophe=, n.m., theosophist.

=théosophie=, n.f., theosophy.

=thérapeutes=, n.m.pl., (religious order) Therapeutics.

=thérapeutique=, adj., therapeutical.

=thérapeutique=, n.f., (med.) therapeutics.

=thériacal=, =-e=, adj., (pharm.) theriac, theriacal.

=thériaque=, n.f., (pharm.) theriac.

=thermal=, =-e= (tèr-), adj., thermal. Eaux —es; hot mineral waters, hot springs.

=thermes= (tèrm), n.m.pl., thermal baths; (antiq.) thermæ.

=thermidor= (tèr-), n.m., Thermidor, eleventh month of the calendar of the first French republic, from July 19th to August 17th.

=thermidorien=, =-ne= (tèr-), n. and adj., Thermidorian.

=thermo-manomètre= (tèr-), n.m., (of steam-engines) thermometer-gauge.

=thermomètre= (tèr-), n.m., thermometer.

=thermométrique= (tèr-), adj., thermometric.

=thermoscope= (tèr-), n.m., (phys.) thermoscope.

=thermostat= (tèr-), n.m., (phys.) thermostat.

=thésauriser=, v.n., to treasure up, to hoard up, to heap up treasure.

=thésauriseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., hoarder.

=thèse=, n.f., thesis, theme; disputation, argument, discussion; the printed sheet containing the thesis. Vous sortez de la —; you are wandering from the question. Soutenir — pour quel-qu’un; to side with any one, to stand up for any one. Il voulut soutenir sa —; he resolved to maintain his point. Cela change la —; that alters the matter. En — générale; as a rule.

=thessalonicien=, n.m. and adj., Thessalonian.

=théurgie=, n.f., theurgy.

=théurgique=, adj., theurgic, theurgical.

=thibaude=, n.f., hair-cloth, cow-hair cloth, coarse drugget.

=thlaspi=, n.m., (bot.) thlaspi.

=thon=, n.m., (ich.) tunny, tunny-fish.

=thoracique= or ☉=thorachique=, n.m. and adj., (med.) pectoral; thoracic. Canal —; thoracic duct.

=thorax= (-raks), n.m., (anat.) thorax, chest.

=thridace=, n.f., (pharm.) lactucarium, lettuce-opium.

=thrombus= (-bus), n.m., (surg.) thrombus.

=thuia=, n.m., (bot.) thuja, arbor vitæ.

=thuriféraire=, n.m., (c.rel.) censer-bearer.

=thurifère=, n.m., (bot.) thuriferous.

=thuya=, n.m. V. =thuia=.

=thyade=, n.f., (antiq.) Bacchante.

=thym= (tin), n.m., (bot.) thyme.

=thymus=, n.m., (—) (anat.) thymus.

=thyroïde=, adj., (anat.) thyroid.

=thyrse=, n.m., (antiq.) thyrsus; (bot.) thyrsus.

=tiare= (tiar), n.f., tiara.

=tibia=, n.m., (anat.) tibia, shin, shin-bone.

=tibial=, =-e=, adj., (anat.) tibial.

=tibio-tarsien=, =-ne= (-si-in, -è-n), adj., (anat.) tibio-tarsal.

=tic=, n.m., knack, ugly knack, bad habit; (vet.) crib-biting; bad habits of cattle; (med.) tic. — douloureux; tic douloureux, facial neuralgia.

=tic tac=, n.m., ticktack; tick, ticking, click.

=tiède=, adj., lukewarm, tepid; mild, soft, cool; (fig.) indifferent.

=tièdement= (tièd-mān), adv., coldly, with indifference; lukewarmly.

=tiédeur=, n.f., lukewarmness, tepidity, tepidness; (fig.) coldness, indifference.

=tiédir=, v.n., to cool, to grow lukewarm, to become lukewarm; to grow cool, to become cool.

=tien=, =-ne= (ti-in, -è-n), pron., thine, yours.

=tien=, n.m., thine, thy own, yours, your own. Les —s; thy people, thy relations and friends.

=tiens=, n.m., only used in the expression Un — vaut mieux que deux tu l’auras; (prov.) a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

=tiens!= or =tenez!= int., expressing astonishment, or to call the attention of the hearer; look! look here! look there! hold! now then! there!

=tierce= (tièrs), n.f., third (of time); (mus.) third, tierce; tierce (at cards); (fenc.) tiers; (print.) press-revise. — majeure; (mus.) major third; tierce major (at cards). — mineure; (mus.) minor third.

=tiercelet= (tièr-slè), n.m., (hawking) tercel, tiercel, tiercelet, tarsel.

=tiercement= (tièrs-mān), n.m., (thea.) increase of a third (in prices); ☉(jur.) outbidding by one third a price offered.

=tiercer= (tièrsé), v.a. and n., (thea.) to raise prices one third; ☉(jur.) to outbid by one third a price offered; (agri.) to plow a third time. V. =tercer=.

=tierceron= (tièr-), n.m., (arch.) tierceron.

=tierçon= (tièr-), n.m., a measure, tierce (of a cask).

=tier-s=, =-ce= (tièr, tièrs), adj., third, of a third person, third party. Le — état; the people, the commons. Fièvre —ce; tertian ague. — porteur, — détenteur; third party or hand. — parti; third party.

=tiers=, n.m., third, third person; third part. Le — et le quart; everybody, all the world.

=tiers-point=, n.m., (—-—s) (arch.) tierce-point; (tech.) saw-file.

=tige=, n.f., trunk, stem, body; stalk, leg (of a boot); shank (of a candlestick); stock, head (of a family); shank (of an anchor); straw (of corn); tail (of a valve); (tech.) rod. — de communication; connecting rod. — graduée; index rod. Arbres à haute —; tall trees. Arbres à basse —; dwarf trees.

=tigette=, n.f., (arch.) honeysuckle ornament (at the springing of a volute).

*=tignasse=, n.f., (fam., pop.), mop, shock (of hair); old wig.

*=tignon=, n.m. V. =chignon=.

*=tignonner=, v.a., to curl the hair behind the head (of women).

*se =tignonner=, v.r., to seize each other by the hair (behind), to pull caps, to have a set-to.

=tigre=, n.m., (mam.) tiger; (ich.) square fish; (conch.) tiger-shell; groom; (ent.) tiger-beetle.

=tigre=, adj., spotted (like a tiger).

=tigré=, =-e=, adj., spotted, speckled.

=tigrer=, v.a., to spot, to speckle.

=tigresse=, n.f., (mam.) tigress.

=tilbury=, n.m., tilbury, gig, two-wheeled cart.

=tiliacées=, n.f.pl., (bot.) tiliaceæ.

*=tillac=, n.m., (nav.) deck, poop. Franc —; main deck. Faux —; orlop deck.

*=tillage= or =teillage=, n.m., (agri.) stripping, scutching (hemp).

*=tille= or =teille=, n.f., bast of the lime-tree; cabin, cuddy (of an undecked vessel); ax-hammer; hemp-harl.

*=tiller= or =teiller=, v.a., (agri.) to peel, to strip, to scutch (hemp).

*=tilleul=, n.m., (bot.) linden-tree, lime-tree.

*=tilleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., or =teilleu-r=, =-se=, (agri.) stripper, scutcher (of hemp).

=timbale=, n.f., kettle-drum; (mus.) timbal; cup (of metal); battledore; (cook.) mold.

=timbalier=, n.m., kettle-drummer.

=timbrage=, n.m., stamping (of government paper).

=timbre=, n.m., bell, clock-bell; office-bell, call-bell; ring, sound (of a bell); thrill, tone, voice; stamp (on paper); (her.) helmet; (horl.) bell; (post-office) post-mark; head, brains. — de la voix; tone of the voice. — acquit, quittance; receipt-stamp. Droit de —; stamp duty. Sa voix a un — argentin; he has a silver-toned voice. Il a le — fêlé; he is crack-brained, cracked.

=timbré=, =-e=, part. adj., stamped. Papier —; stamped paper, summons, writ. Esprit, cerveau —; crack-brained person. Il est —; he is cracked.

=timbre-poste=, n.m., (—s-—) postage-stamp.

=timbrer=, v.a., to stamp (paper, parchment); (her.) to crest.

=timbreur=, n.m., stamper.

=timide=, adj., timid, bashful, timorous, shy.

=timidement= (-mid-mān), adv., timidly, bashfully; timorously; shyly.

=timidité=, n.f., timidity, timorousness, nervousness, shyness, bashfulness.

=timon=, n.m., pole (of a coach); beam (of a plow); (nav.) helm, tiller (of a rudder); (fig.) helm, direction, government; (tech.) draught-bar. Tenir le —; to be at the helm.

=timonerie= (-mo-n-rî), n.f., (nav.) steerage.

=timonier=, n.m., wheeler, wheel-horse; (nav.) steersman, helmsman.

=timoré=, =-e=, adj., timorous, fearful, scrupulous.

=tin=, n.m., (nav.) block of wood; (tech.) cask-stand.

=tincal=, n.m., (chem.) tincal.

=tinctorial=, =-e=, adj., tinctorial.

=tine=, n.f., tub, water-cask, firkin.

=tinet=, n.m., gambrel (of horses); bent stick (for suspending carcases).

=tinette=, n.f., half tub, kit, firkin (of butter).

=tintamarre=, n.m., hubbub, uproar, clatter, hurly-burly, din, racket.

=tintement= (tīnt-mān), n.m., ringing sound, tinkling; tingling; toll, tolling, jingling, jingle. — funèbre; funeral toll, knell. — d’oreilles; tingling, or ringing, in the ears.

=tintenague= (tīnt-nag), n.f. V. =toutenague=.

=tinter=, v.a., to toll, to ring, to ring for; (nav.) to put upon the stocks, to set on blocks, to prop, to support.

=tinter=, v.n., to toll, to ring; to tinkle, to jingle; to tingle. Les oreilles me tintent; my ears tingle.

=tintin=, n.m., jingling, tinkling (of bells, glasses).

=tintouin=, n.m., tingling (in one’s ear); noise, hubbub; anxiety, uneasiness, trouble. Avoir du —; to be upon thorns, to be in trouble.

=tique=, n.f., (ent.) tick. — ricin; wood-tick, dog-tick.

=tiquer=, v.n., (of horses) to be vicious.

=tiqueté=, =-e= (tik-té), adj., variegated, speckled, spotted.

=tiqueture=, n.f., spottedness, spots, speckles; variegation.

=tiqueu-r=, =-se=, adj., crib-biting (of horses). n.m., crib-biter.

=tir=, n.m., shooting, firing, fire; shooting-gallery, shooting-ground. — en écharpe; flank-fire, rifle-range, range. — à la cible; target-firing. Chasse au —; (hunt.) shooting. Justesse du —; trueness of the aim. Avoir un — infaillible; to have au unerring aim, to be a deadly shot.

=tirade=, n.f., tirade; (mus., thea.) tirade; passage (of prose or verse). Tout d’une —; all in one speech or breath, or at one stretch.

=tirage=, n.m., draught; towing (of boats); towing-path; drawing (of a lottery); (print.) working, working off, pulling, printing; winding-off (of silk); (fig.) difficulty, obstacle. — au sort; drawing lots, balloting. Le — d’une cheminée; the draught of a chimney.

*=tiraillement=, n.m., plucking, pulling, hauling about; twitching, twinge, pain; (fig.) anxiety; jarring, jar, disagreement. — d’estomac; pain in the stomach, griping.

*=tirailler=, v.a., to pull, to haul about, to tug, to twitch; to tease, to plague, to bother, to pester.

*se =tirailler=, v.r., to pull one another about.

*=tirailler=, v.n., to shoot wildly; to bang away; (milit.) to skirmish.

*=tiraillerie=, n.f., (milit.) desultory, wild, aimless firing.

*=tirailleur=, n.m., (milit.) sharpshooter; skirmisher.

=tirant=, n.m., string (of purses); boot-strap; cramp, cramp-iron; (carp.) collar; iron bar, bolt, holdfast; (cook.) white leather; string of parchment; brace (of a drum); ship’s gauge, ship’s draught. — d’eau; (nav.) gauge, sea-gauge, ship’s draught.

=tirasse=, n.f., (hunt.) draw-net.

=tirasser=, v.a. and n., (hunt.) to catch with a draw-net; to set a draw-net.

=tire=, n.f., tug, pull; quick jerk of the wing. Tout d’une —; at a stretch. Voleur à la —; pickpocket. Vol à la —; pocket-picking.

=tiré=, =-e=, adj., drawn.

=tiré=, n.m., (hunt.) shooting; (com.) drawee (of bills).

=tire-balle=, n.m., (—-—s) (surg.) bullet-forceps; (milit.) ramrod-screw.

=tire-botte=, n.m., (—-—s) boot-hook; boot-jack.

=tire-bouchon=, n.m., (—-—s) cork-screw; ringlet (of hair).

=tire-bouchonné=, =-e=, adj., (of hair) in ringlets.

=tire-bourre=, n.m., (—-—s) worm-screw (to unload a gun).

=tire-bouton=, n.m., (—-—s) button-hook.

=tire-clou=, n.m., (—-—s) nail-drawer; (tech.) claw-hammer; slater’s hammer.

à =tire-d’aile=, adv., with a quick jerk of the wings; at a single flight; with outstretched wings, darting through the air. Voler à —; to fly as fast as its wings can carry it; at full speed.

=tire-étoupe=, n.m., (—) (tech.) worm.

=tire-feu=, n.m., (artil.) lanyard.

=tire-fond=, n.m., (—) turrel elevator.

à =tire-larigot=, adv., only used in Boire à —; to drink hard, to drink like a fish.

*=tire-ligne=, n.m., (—-—s) drawing-pen.

=tirelire=, n.f., money-box.

☉=tirelire=, n.m., song, carol (of the lark).

☉=tirelirer=, v.n., to sing like a lark.

=tire-moelle=, n.m., (—) marrow-spoon.

=tire-pied=, n.m., (—-—s) shoemaker’s stirrup.

=tire-plomb=, n.m., (—) glazier’s vice.

=tire-point= or =tire-pointe=, n.m., (—) pricker (used in stitching).

=tirer=, v.a., to draw, to pull, to give a pull; to take, to take out, to pull out; to get, to extract, to collect; to fire, to shoot, to fire at, to shoot at; to trace, to delineate; to receive, to reap, to recover; to extricate, to free from; to relieve; to conclude, to infer, to deduce; to draw on, to put on, to draw up; to draw down; (print.) to work, to work off, to pull, to print, to pull off; to approach, to border, to verge (on); (nav.) to draw; to tighten (a rope); to tap (liquors); to stretch (linen); to cast (a nativity); to draw (a bill); to take out (a tooth); to let (blood). — en arrière; to pull back. — de l’eau; to draw water. — dedans; to pull in. — en haut; to pull up. — en bas; to pull down. — les oreilles à quelqu’un; to pull any one’s ears. — la langue; to put out one’s tongue. Faire — l’épée à quelqu’un; to make any one draw his sword. Se faire — l’oreille; to require (much) pressing. — ses bottes; to pull off one’s boots. — de l’argent de sa poche; to pull money out of one’s pocket. — pied ou aile d’une chose; to reap some benefit (from a thing) by hook or by crook. Il tire beaucoup de la cour; he gets a great deal by the court. — parti de; to make the best of, to turn to account. — satisfaction d’une injure; to obtain satisfaction for an injury. — vengeance; to be revenged. — vanité, or gloire, d’une chose; to glory in, to be proud of, to boast of, to take a pride in. — avantage d’une chose; to derive advantage from anything. — la racine carrée, la racine cubique d’un nombre; to extract the square, the cubic root of a number. — le suc des herbes; to extract the juice of herbs. — une conséquence; to draw an inference. — une corde; to tighten a cord. — quelqu’un à quatre chevaux; to draw and quarter any one, to tear any one to pieces. — ses chausses, — ses guêtres; (fam., pop.) to cut one’s sticks, to scamper off. — une vache; to milk a cow. — les rideaux; to open the curtains; to close, to pull the curtains to. — l’or; to wire-draw gold. — les cartes; to tell fortunes. — d’erreur; to undeceive. — une affaire en longueur; to protract, to delay, to put off anything. — une allée au cordeau; to make a walk in a straight line. — en cire; to reproduce in wax. — des estampes; to pull prints. — un fusil; to shoot a gun. — un coup de canon; to fire a gun. — des fusées; to let off rockets. — un oiseau; to shoot at a bird. — une estocade; (fenc.) to make a pass. — le diable par la queue; to lead a struggling existence. — les vers du nez à quelqu’un; to pump any one. Tirez le rideau, la farce est jouée; ring down the curtain, the play is over (Rabelais).

se =tirer=, v.r., to extricate one’s self; to get out to, to get through; to recover (from illness). Se — d’affaire sain et sauf; to escape safe and sound, to get off scot free. Se — d’un puits; to get out of any difficulty. Je me ferais — à quatre avant de parler; wild horses would not make me speak. Se — d’affaire; to get out of (a scrape, a difficulty). S’en —; to pull through, to manage it.

=tirer=, v.n., to draw; to go, to make for; to shoot; to tend, to border, to verge; to fire. — sur; to incline to, to border, to verge on. Cette pierre tire sur le vert; that stone is greenish. — à sa fin; to be closing in (of day); (fig.) to be on one’s last legs. Bon à —; order for press; ready for press, passed for press.

=tire-racine=, n.m., (—) stump-forceps (of a dentist).

=tiret=, n.m., slip of parchment; hyphen.

=tiretaine= (tir-tè-n), n.f., linsey-woolsey. V. =breluche=.

=tire-tête=, n.m., (—-—s) craniotomy forceps.

=tireu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., one who draws, drawer; marksman, shot (pers.); rifleman, sharpshooter; drawer (of a bill of exchange). — d’or; gold wire-drawer. ☉— d’armes; fencing-master. — se de cartes; fortune-teller. C’est un bon —; he is a good shot.

*=tire-veille=, n.f., (—) (nav.) ladder-rope; manrope. — de l’échelle hors le bord; manropes of the sides. — de cabestan; swifter.

=tiroir=, n.m., drawer (of a table, etc.); (milit.) middle rank; (tech.) slide, slide-box. Pièce à —; (thea.) comedy of episodes.

=tironien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), adj., (antiq.) Tironian. Abréviation —ne; Tironian note.

=tisane=, n.f., (med.) diet-drink, infusion, decoction (of herbs). — de champagne; light champagne (for invalids).

=tisard=, n.m., door (of an oven).

=tiser=, v.a., to stoke.

=tison=, n.m., brand, fire-brand.

=tisonné=, adj.m., only used in Gris —; (of horses) marked with black spots.

=tisonner=, v.n., to stir, or to poke, the fire.

=tisonneu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., person fond of poking the fire.

=tisonnier=, n.m., poker; blacksmith’s poker.

=tissage=, n.m., weaving, plaiting; texture.

=tisser=, v.a., to weave, to plait; to contrive.

=tisserand= (tis-rān), n.m., weaver.

=tisseranderie= (tis-ran-drî), n.f., weaver’s business.

=tissu=, =-e=, past part. (of ☉tistre), woven, spun, made up. Des jours —s d’or et de soie; happy, halcyon days.

=tissu=, n.m., texture, textile fabric, contexture; tissue. — de mensonges; tissue of lies. — d’argent; silver tissue. — d’or; golden tissue. — métallique; gauze wire, gauze wire-work. — réticulaire; (anat.) reticular body.

=tissure=, n.f., tissue, texture, web, weaving, contexture.

=tissuterie=, n.f., ribbon-weaving.

=tissutier= (-tié), n.m., weaver (of silk textures).

☉=tistre=, v.a., to weave.

=titan=, n.m., (myth.) Titan.

=titane=, n.m., or =titanium= (-om), n.m., (chem.) titanium.

=titanique=, =titanesque=, adj., titanic.

=tithymale=, n.m., (bot.) tithymal.

=titi=, n.m., gay apprentice, roystering blade; mummer (at carnivals).

=titillant=, =-e= (til-lān, -t), adj., titillating; tickling.

=titillation= (-til-la-), n.f., titillation, tickling; slight agitation.

=titiller= (-til-lé), v.n. and a., to titillate, to tickle.

=titre=, n.m., title, style, title-page; capacity, claim, reason, cause; respect, way, right; standard (of coin); (jur.) title, title-deed, deed, indenture. Faux —; false title; falsehood, sham; (print.) half-title. Donner un — à; to entitle to. À — de; by right of, in virtue of. À bon —, à juste —; deservedly, justly. À — gratuit; gratuitously. En —; at the head of, on the title or title page; chief, titular, acknowledged. À plus d’un —; for more reasons than one, on more grounds than one. Se donner le — de; to style one’s self.

=titré=, =-e=, adj., titled; conferring a title (of estates).

=titrer=, v.a., to give a title to.

=titrier=, n.m., forger of titles or deeds (l.u.); curator of deeds (in monasteries).

=titubant=, =-e=, adj., staggering.

=titubation=, n.f., titubation, reeling, staggering.

=tituber=, v.n., to stagger, to reel.

=titulaire=, n.m.f. and adj., titular, titulary, incumbent, head, chief.

=toast= or =toste= (tost), n.m., toast, health. Porter, donner, un —; to toast, to give or propose a toast.

=toaster= (tos-té), v.a. V. =toster=.

=toc!= int. and n.m., rap, knock (at a door); sham, or imitation, jewelry; paste; brummagem goods.

=tocane=, n.f., unpressed wine.

=tocante=, n.f., (pop.) ticker, watch.

=tocsin=, n.m., tocsin, alarm-bell; (fig.) hue and cry.

=todier=, n.m., (orni.) tody.

=toge=, n.f., (Rom. antiq.) toga, robe, gown.

=tohu-bohu=, n.m., (—) (from Hebrew) chaos; jumble, medley; (fig.) confusion, uproar, disorder, hurly-burly, hubbub.

=toi=, pron., thee, thyself, thou, you, yourself.

=toile=, n.f., cloth, linen cloth; (thea.) curtain; canvas (for painting); canvas, sail; (paint.) painting, picture, piece; web (of a spider). pl. (hunt.) toils. — à sac; sack-cloth. — écrue; brown holland. — ouvrée; huckaback. — d’emballage; pack-cloth. — grasse; tarpaulin. — vernie; oil-skin. — peinte; printed calico, print. — pour chemises; shirting. — pour draps de lit; sheeting. —s de sabords; port-sails. — de dunette; canvas-covering for the poop. — d’or; gold cloth. — cirée; oil-cloth. — d’araignée; cob-web. Blanchisseur de —s; bleacher. Marchand de —s; linendraper. — de Pénélope; Penelope’s web. La — est levée; (thea.) the curtain is up. La — tombe; (thea.) the curtain falls. Derrière la —; (thea.) behind the curtain.

=toilerie= (toal-rî), n.f., linen-cloth trade, linen drapery.

=toilette=, n.f., toilet; attire, dress; dressing-table, toilet-table, wash-stand; trimming (of horses). Revendeuse à la —; wardrobe purchaser (of left-off wearing apparel). Grande —; full dress. Cabinet de —; dressing-closet, dressing-room. Il, or elle, fait sa —; or il, or elle, est à sa —; he, or she, is dressing.

=toili-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., dealer in linen; linen-cloth maker, cotton-cloth maker.

=toise=, n.f., toise (6·39459 feet); fathom. On ne mesure pas les hommes à la —; men ought not to be judged by their size. Mesurer les autres à sa —; to measure others by one’s own standard.

=toisé=, n.m., measuring; (math.) mensuration.

=toiser=, v.a., to measure; to survey, to examine; to eye from head to foot, to look down upon; to settle, to conclude. — un soldat; to take the height of a soldier. — quelqu’un; to look any one up and down, or to look down on any one. Cela est toisé; (pop.) that is done for.

=toiseur=, n.m., measurer, surveyor.

=toison=, n.f., fleece; (pop.) thick head of hair. — d’or; golden fleece. L’ordre de la — d’or; the Order of the Golden Fleece.

=toit=, n.m., roof, house-top; top (of a mine); dwelling, home. — à cochons; pig-sty. — à deux croupes; (arch.) compass roof, span roof. Dire, or crier, quelque chose sur les —s; to proclaim anything from the housetop. Habiter sous les —s; to live in a garret, or an attic. Commencer une maison par le —; (fig.) to begin at the wrong end.

=toiture=, n.f., roofing, roof.

=tokai= or =tokay=, n.m., Tokay wine.

=tôle=, n.f., sheet-iron; (metal.) plate-iron. — ondulée; corrugated iron.

=tolérable=, adj., tolerable, bearable, supportable; middling, passable.

=tolérablement=, adv., tolerably, supportably; passably, middlingly.

=tolérance=, n.f., tolerance, toleration, endurance, forbearance, indulgence; (jur.) sufferance; (coin.) deduction, allowance. Maison de —; house of ill-fame.

=tolérant=, =-e=, adj., tolerant.

=tolérantisme=, n.m., (theol.) system of toleration.

=tolérer=, v.a., to tolerate, to suffer, to allow, to endure, to bear, to allow of; to wink at. Je ne puis — cet homme; I cannot bear, endure, that man. Se —; to tolerate one’s self, to be tolerated.

=tôlerie= (tôl-rî), n.f., sheet-iron manufactory; (metal.) flatting-mills; sheet-iron goods.

=tolet=, n.m., (nav.) thole.

=toletière= (tol-tièr), n.f., (nav.) rowlock.

=tôlier=, n.m., work in sheet-iron; manufacturer of sheet-iron.

=tollé=, n.m., hue and cry. Crier — sur quelqu’un; to raise a hue and cry against any one.

=tomahawk=, n.m., tomahawk.

=tomaison=, n.f., numbering (into volumes); number (of a volume).

=tomate=, n.f., (bot.) tomato, love-apple.

=tombac=, n.m., (metal.) tombac.

=tombal=, =-e=, adj., (archæology) only used in Pierre —e; tomb-stone.

=tombant=, =-e=, adj., falling down, drooping, flowing.

=tombe=, n.f., tomb, grave, tombstone, headstone, gravestone. Descendre dans la —; to die, to sink into the grave. Être sur le bord de la —; to be on the brink of the grave.

=tombeau=, n.m., tomb, grave; tombstone; sepulcher, death. Mettre au —; to bring down to the grave or to bury.

=tombée=, n.f., fall (of day). À la — de la nuit; at nightfall. À la — du jour; at close of day.

=tombelier=, n.m., carter.

=tomber=, v.n., to fall, to fall down; to tumble, to tumble down; to drop, to drop down; to sink, to sink down; to break in, to come, to light, to hit on, to come across; to come down, to sink, to decay, to fall away, to dwindle, to droop, to come out; to abate, to die away; (nav.) to sag; to hang, to incline. — bien or mal; to be lucky or unlucky; to come seasonably or unseasonably; to come to the wrong or right person. Il est tombé de cheval; he fell off his horse. — à terre, — par terre; to fall down. Le brouillard tombe; the fog is falling. — malade; to fall ill. — de faiblesse; to drop down from weakness. — d’inanition; to be ready to faint for want of food. — du haut mal; to have the falling sickness. — raide mort; to fall down dead. Se laisser —; to get a fall. — en enfance; to become childish. — dans les bras de quelqu’un; to fall into any one’s arms. — sur une maison; to come across a house. — d’accord; to agree, to be at one with. — de son haut, — des nues; to be amazed, to be astounded. Les bras m’en tombèrent; I was struck dumb with surprise. Le sort est tombé sur lui; the lot has fallen upon him. Cela m’est tombé entre les mains; that fell into my hands. Le jour tombe; the day is closing in. Faire —; to throw, push, or knock, down; to trip up. Laisser —; to drop, to let fall. — dans l’eau; (fig.) to fall through, to come to nothing, to fall to the ground. — sous le vent; (nav.) to fall to leeward. — de fièvre en chaud mal, — de la poêle dans la braise; to jump out of the frying pan into the fire.

=tombereau= (ton-brô), n.m., (for the condemned) tumbril-cart; dust-cart; ballast-truck; sledge.

=tombola=, n.f., tombola, lottery, raffle.

=tome=, n.m., volume, tome.

=tomenteu-x=, =-se=, adj., (bot., zoöl., anat.) tomentous, tomentose, downy.

=ton=, m., =ta=, f., =tes=, pl.m.f., possessive adj., thy, your. — frère, ta sœur et tes cousins; thy brother, sister, and cousins. — âme; thy soul. [Ton is used for the f. before a vowel or silent h.]

=ton=, n.m., tone; tune; voice, accent; manner, strain, style, taste; manners, breeding; color, tint, tinge. — aigre; shrill tone. — doux; soft, sweet tone. Mauvais —; ill-breeding, ill-manners, vulgarity. De mauvais —; ill-bred, unmannerly, ungentlemanly, low, vulgar, improper. Donner le —; to give the tone, to lead the fashion; (mus.) to pitch, to tone. Parler d’un — fier; to speak haughtily. Parler d’un — de maître; to speak in a magisterial manner, to be very masterful. Le prendre sur un —; to assume airs. Le prendre sur un haut —; to speak with arrogance; to carry it high. Changer de —; to sing to another tune, to change one’s tone. Il donne le — à la conversation; he takes the lead in conversation. Donner le — à l’orchestre; to lead the orchestra. C’est le — qui fait la musique; it is the manner which shows the intention.

=tonalité=, n.f., (mus.) tonality.

=tondaison=, n.f. V. =tonte=.

=tondeu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., shearer, clipper. — de draps; shearman, clothworker.

=tondeuse=, n.f., shearing-machine. — de gazon; lawn-mower.

=tondre=, v.a. and n., to shear, to clip, to crop; to shave, to trim, to pare. — des brebis; to shear sheep. — du drap; to shear cloth. — une haie; to clip a hedge. — sur un œuf; to skin a flint.

=tondu=, =-e=, part., shorn. Il n’y avait que trois —s et un pelé; there was nothing but the ragtag and bobtail.

=tonicité=, n.f., (med.) tonicity.

=tonique=, adj., (med., mus., gram.) tonic.

=tonique=, n.m., (med.) tonic.

=tonique=, n.f., (mus.) tonic, key-note, key.

☉=tonisme=, n.m. V. =tonicité=.

=tonlieu=, n.m., market-toll (feudalism).

=tonnage=, n.m., tonnage. Droit de —; tonnage dues.

=tonnant=, =-e=, adj., thundering. Jupiter —; (myth.) Jupiter the thunderer, Jupiter tonans, thundering Jove.

=tonne=, n.f., tun (wooden vessel); (conch.) spotted tun; (nav.) can-buoy; ton (20 cwts.=1000 kil.).

=tonneau=, n.m., tun (wooden ship); cask; tun (measure); (nav.) ton (1000 kil.; 1 mètre cube). Enfoncer un —; to stave in a cask. Mettre un — en perce; to broach a cask. — percé; leaky cask; (fig.) spendthrift.

=tonneler= (to-n-lé), v.a., (hunt.) to tunnel.

=tonnelet= (to-n-lé), n.m., small cask, keg.

=tonneleur= (to-n-leur), n.m., (hunt.) tunneler (one who takes partridges with a tunnel-net).

=tonnelier=, n.m., cooper.

=tonnelle=, n.f., (hunt.) tunnel-net; arbor, green arbor, bower, alcove; (arch.) semicircular vault.

=tonnellerie= (to-nèl-rî), n.f., cooperage; cooper’s trade; (nav.) cooper’s shed.

=tonner=, v.n., to thunder; to inveigh (against); to exclaim. Il tonne; it thunders.

=tonnerre=, n.m., thunder, thunderbolt; thundering noise. Coup de —, éclat de —; clap of thunder, peal of thunder. —! int., by jingo! bedad! by Jove!

=tonsille=, n.f., (l.u.) (anat.) tonsil. V. =amygdale=.

=tonsure=, n.f., tonsure; orders, clergy.

=tonsuré=, adj., n.m., tonsured, shaven; priest.

=tonsurer=, v.a., to tonsure.

=tonte=, n.f., shearing, sheepshearing, fleecing, clipping; clippings, clip; shearing-time.

=tontine=, n.f., tontine.

=tontini-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., sharer in, or annuitant of, a tontine.

=tontisse=, adj., of shearings of woolen cloth.

=tontisse=, n.f., hangings coated with the shearings of cloth. Papier-—; flock-paper.

=tonton=, n.m., (child) nuncle.

=tonture=, n.f., shearing (of leaves, grass); shearings, clippings, flock (of cloth); (nav.) sheer. — de drap; flock. — des ponts; sheer (of a ship’s decks).

=topaze=, n.f., topaz.

=toper=, v.n., to cover one’s adversary’s stake; to agree. Je tope à cela; I agree to that. Tope là! done! agreed! your hand upon it! Je tope et tingue; (at dice) I cover and I hold.

=tophacé=, =-e=, adj., (med.) gouty.

=tophus= (-fus), n.m., (med.) tophus.

=topinambour=, n.m., Jerusalem-artichoke.

=topique=, adj., (med.) topic, topical.

=topique=, n.m., (rhet., med.) topic.

=topographe=, n.m., topographer.

=topographie=, n.f., topography.

=topographique=, adj., topographical.

=toquade=, n.f., (fam., pop.) infatuation, mad fancy, fad.

=toque=, n.f., flat cap, bonnet; toque (plaited all round).

=toqué=, =-e=, adj., cracked, crazy, touched; infatuated, in love (with).

=toquer=, v.a., (l.u.) to offend; to hit, to strike, to knock; (pop.) to craze, to turn the brain of; to infatuate.

=toquet=, n.m., toquet, cap.

=torche=, n.f., torch, link; twist, pad; (paint.) rubber.

=torche-cul=, n.m., (—-—s) (fig.) worthless writing, trash.

=torche-nez=, n.m., (—) (man.) twitch.

=torche-pinceau=, n.m., rubber.

=torche-pot=, n.m., (—) (orni.) nut-hatch.

=torcher=, v.a., to wipe; to knock off, to botch; to beat, to drub.

se =torcher=, v.r., to be wiped; to wipe one’s self; (triv.) to fight.

=torchère=, n.f., torch, cresset, tall candelabrum.

=torchis=, n.m., mud, loam. Mur de —; mud-wall.

=torchon=, n.m., dish-cloth, dish-clout; house-cloth, duster.

=torcol=, =torcou=, n.m., (orni.) wry-neck.

=tordage=, n.m., twisting, twist.

=tord-boyaux=, n.m., rotgut, fiery brandy; rat’s bane.

=tordeu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., twister; throwster (of silk). f., wringing-machine.

=tord-nez=, n.f., (—) (man.) twitch (for horses).

=tordre=, v.a., to twist, to wring, to wring out; to contort, to disfigure; to throw (silk); to buckle (a wheel). — la bouche; to twist one’s mouth. Il ne fait que — et avaler; he gives but one twist, and down it goes.

se =tordre=, v.r., to twist; to writhe. Se — de rire; to be convulsed, to split one’s sides with laughter.

=tore=, n.m., (arch., bot.) torus, tore.

=toréador=, n.m., (—s) matador, toreador, bull-fighter.

=torisme=, n.m. V. =torysme=.

*=tormentille=, n.f., (bot.) tormentil, septfoil.

=torminal=, =-e=, adj., (med.) griping, torminal.

=toron=, n.m., (nav.) strand (of a rope); (arch.) torus.

=torpeur=, n.f., torpor, torpidity, torpidness.

*=torpille=, n.f., (ich.) torpedo, cramp-fish; (explosive) torpedo.

=torpilleur=, n.m., torpedo-boat.

=torquer=, v.a., to twist (tobacco).

☉=torquet=, n.m., (pop.) snare. Donner un —, donner le — à quelqu’un; to humbug any one, to take any one in. Donner dans le —; to fall into the snare, to be taken in.

=torquette=, n.f., wicker-basket (for fish); game-basket.

=torréfaction= (tor-ré-), n.f., torrefaction.

=torréfier= (tor-ré-), v.a., to torrefy.

=torrent= (tor-rān), n.m., torrent, stream; flood (of tears); flow (of words).

=torrentueu-x=, =-se= (tor-rān-), adj., torrent-like; impetuous.

=torride= (tor-rid), adj., torrid.

=tors=, =-e=, adj., twisted, wry, crooked; wreathed, contorted. Jambes —es; crooked legs. Bouche —e; wry mouth.

=torsade=, n.f., twisted fringe or cord; bullion (of epaulets).

=torse=, n.m., trunk, chest (of a person); (sculpt., paint.) torso, trunk, bust.

=torser=, v.a., to twist, to wreathe (the shaft of a column).

=torsil=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) twisted, contorted.

=torsion=, n.f., torsion; twisting.

=tort=, n.m., wrong, harm, injury, hurt; mischief, offense; prejudice, detriment. Faire — à quelqu’un; to wrong any one. Réparer le — qu’on a fait; to repair the wrong one has done. Se faire —; to injure one’s self. Avoir —; to be wrong, to be in the wrong. Donner — à quelqu’un; to decide against any one. Mettre quelqu’un dans son —; to leave (a person) no loophole, no excuse. À —; wrong, wrongly, wrongfully, injuriously. Il parle à — et à travers; he speaks at random, thoughtlessly. À — et à droit; at random. À — ou à droit, à — ou à raison; rightly or wrongly. Être dans son —; to be in the wrong. Se mettre dans son —; to put one’s self in the wrong.

=tortelle=, n.f., hedge-mustard. V. =vélar=.

=torticolis=, n.m., wry-neck, stiff neck; crick (in the neck); (fig.) hypocrite, canter.

=tortil=, n.m., (her.) a baron’s wreath.

*=tortillage=, n.m., rigmarole, embarrassed language, shuffling.

*=tortille= or =tortillère=, n.f., serpentine or winding walk.

*=tortillé=, =-e=, adj., twisted, wreathed.

*=tortillement=, n.m., twisting, twist; wrench; (fig.) shifting, shuffling, shift, evasion.

*=tortiller=, v.a., to twist, to wriggle, to waddle. Il n’y a pas à —; (fig.) it must be done; there is no shuffling out of it. — bien de la fourchette; to tuck in, to lay to. Il tortille en marchant; he waddles along.

*se =tortiller=, v.r., to wriggle, to writhe.

*=tortiller=, v.n., to wriggle, to shuffle.

*=tortillère=, n.f. V. =tortille=.

☉*=tortillon=, n.m., coarse cap; pad (for the head); country servant-girl, little slavey.

=tortionnaire= (tor-sio-), n.m. and adj., ☉executioner; (jur.) wrongful, unjust.

=tortionnairement= (tor-sio-nèr-mān), adv., (jur.) wrongfully.

☉=tortionner= (tor-sio-), v.a., to strain a text, to twist a passage of an author. V. =torturer=.

=tortis=, n.m., twist (of threads); ☉wreath, garland; (her.) circle of pearls round a baron’s coronet.

=tortu=, =-e=, adj., crooked, tortuous, bandy. Jambes —es; crooked legs.

=tortue=, n.f., tortoise, turtle; transport-ship; (Rom. antiq.) testudo. À pas de —; at a snail’s pace. Potage —; turtle-soup. Fausse —; mock-turtle.

=tortuer=, v.a., to make crooked, to crook, to bend.

se =tortuer=, v.r., to grow crooked, to crook, to bend.

=tortueusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., crookedly, tortuously.

=tortueu-x=, =-se=, adj., tortuous, winding, bending in and out; (fig.) artful, crafty; unfair, disingenuous.

=tortuosité=, n.f., (l.u.) tortuosity, crookedness; winding.

=torture=, n.f., torture, rack, pain. Mettre à la —; to put to the rack.

=torturer=, v.a., to torture, to put to the rack. — un texte, un passage; to strain or twist (the meaning of) a text, a part of a book, a writing.

=tory=, n.m. and adj., Tory.

=torysme=, n.m., Toryism.

=toscan=, =-e=, n. and adj., Tuscan.

=toste=, n.m. V. =toast=.

=toster=, v.a. and n., to toast; to give, or to propose, a toast; to drink the health of.

=tôt=, adv., soon, shortly. Trop —; too soon. — ou tard; sooner or later. Au plus —, or le plus —, possible; as soon as possible, at soonest, as early as possible; at once. Aussi — que; as soon as, as early as. Plus — que; sooner than. Le plus —; the soonest, the earliest. Le plus — que; as early as.

=total=, =-e=, adj., total, whole, entire, utter, universal, complete.

=total=, n.m., whole, whole sum, total, sum total. Au —, en —; upon the whole, taken all in all, after all.

=totalement= (-tal-mān), adv., totally, wholly, entirely, utterly, completely.

=totaliser=, v.a., to form a total of, to foot up or total up.

=totalité=, n.f., totality, whole. En —; the whole.

=toton= or =touton=, n.m., teetotum; (child) nuncle.

=touage=, n.m., (nav.) towage, towing; warping.

*=touaille=, n.f., roller-towel, jack-towel.

=toucan=, n.m., (orni., astron.) toucan.

=touchable=, adj., touchable.

=touchant=, =-e=, adj., touching, moving, affecting.

=touchant=, n.m., the moving, affecting, impressive, touching part (of).

=touchant=, prep., concerning, respecting, touching, about, with respect to.

☉=touchante=, n.f., (geom.). V. =tangente=.

=touchau= or =touchand=, n.m., touch-needle.

=touche=, n.f., touch, assay; trial; pointer; (paint.) stroke, touch; fret (of violins, guitars); key (of a piano, organ, harpsichord); (print.) inking (the form); drove (of oxen); hit, touch (fenc.). Pierre de —; touch-stone.

=touché=, =-e=, part., adj., touched, affected. Pièce —e, pièce jouée (chess), dame —e, dame jouée (draughts, backgammon); if you touch your man or piece you must play it. Bien —; (fig.) well-written, well-said, well-done, well-hit.

=touche-à-tout=, n.m.f., meddler; Jack of all trades.

=toucher=, v.a., to touch, to handle, to feel, to finger; to assay, to try (precious metals); to receive (money); to beat, to whip, to strike (animals); (mus.) to play; to express, to convey; to describe; (print.) to ink; to paint, to draw, to depict; to touch on, to allude to; to move, to affect; to concern, to regard; to interest, to inspire interest in. — le, ou du, piano; to play the piano. — un ulcère; (surg.) to touch an ulcer with caustic. — ses appointements; to receive one’s salary. Cela ne me touche point; that does not concern me. — la grosse corde; to come to, or to speak upon, the main point (of an affair). Se laisser — par les larmes de quelqu’un; to be affected, to be moved, by any one’s tears. — un mot; to let drop a hint, to send word. Je vous toucherai un mot; I’ll drop you a line. — le fond de la douleur possible; (V. Hugo) to drain to the dregs the cup of human sorrow. — un cheval; to drive on.

se =toucher=, v.r., to touch, to touch one another, each other, to join, to be adjoining, to meet.

=toucher=, v.n., to touch; to reach; to take away; to play a musical instrument; to draw near, to approach; to change, to alter; to concern, to regard, to interest; to be affected, to be moved; to drive, to drive on; (man.) to whip; to be related, to be akin; to be like; (nav.) to touch; (nav.) to ground; (nav.) to strike. Sa maison touche à la mienne; his house is next to mine. — à une île; (nav.) to touch at an island. Touchez, cocher, allons plus vite; drive on, coachman, faster, please! J’y touche de la main; I reach it with my hand. — dans la main; to strike hands (in concluding a bargain). — à un certain temps; to be very near a particular time. Il n’osa — à la religion; he dared not meddle with religion. Il y a touché; he had a hand in it. — de près à quelqu’un; to be nearly related to any one. N’avoir pas l’air d’y —; to look as if butter would not melt in one’s mouth. Ne touchez pas à la reine! hands off the queen!

=toucher=, n.m., touch, feeling; touch (manner of playing an instrument).

=toucheur=, n.m., cattle drover; (print.) inking-roller.

=tou-coi=, int., (hunt.) lie down! down!

=toue=, n.f., ferry-boat, barge.

=touée=, n.f., (nav.) towage, towing, warping; towline. Amarre de —; towline. Câble de —; stream-cable. Ancre de —; kedge-anchor.

=touer=, v.a., (nav.) to tow, to warp.

se =touer=, v.r., (nav.) to haul herself ahead.

=toueur=, n.m., towing-boat, tow-boat (on rivers).

=touffe=, n.f., tuft, bunch, cluster, clump; wisp (of straw, hay). — de cheveux; tuft of hair. — d’arbres; cluster of trees.

=touffer=, v.a., to tuft.

se =touffer=, v.r., to bunch, to cluster.

=touffeur=, n.f., (fam.) stifling heat.

=touffu=, =-e=, adj., tufted, bushy, branchy, leafy; full, thick.

=toug=, n.m. V. =touc=.

=toujours=, adv., always, for ever, ever, evermore; still; nevertheless, at least. Est-il — à Paris? is he still in Paris? Se dire adieu pour —; to bid each other adieu for ever. — plus; more and more. — est-il que; still; the fact remains that; as it is. C’est — ça or cela! that’s always as much, or something!

=toupet=, n.m., tuft of hair; forelock; front, foretop; (fig.) presumption, brass, effrontery; cheek, impudence. Avoir du —; to have any amount of brass or cheek. Se prendre au —; to take each other by the hair. Quel —! what impudence! what effrontery! what cheek!

=toupie=, n.f., spinning-top, peg-top; humming-top; top; (fig.) (pers., pop.) trollop, drab. — d’Allemagne; humming-top. Faire aller une —; to spin a top.

*=toupiller=, v.n., to spin, to whirl about; (fam.) to do nothing but run up and down, or about, the house.

*=toupillon=, n.m., little tuft of hair; waste branch (of an orange-tree).

=tour=, n.f., tower; rook, castle (at chess).

=tour=, n.m., turn, going round, winding; revolution; turn; circumference, circuit; trick; feat; order; manner; twist, strain; lathe; turning-box; tour, trip; valance (of bed); turn (act); tour, front, foretop (of hair). Faire le — de; to go round. En un — de main; in the twinkling of an eye; in a trice. Faire un — de jardin; to take a turn round, or in, the garden. Faire un —; to take a stroll. — de promenade; turn, walk, stroll. Cet arbre a dix pieds de —; that tree is ten feet in circumference. —s de gobelets; juggler’s tricks, legerdemain. Vous aurez votre —; you will have your turn. Faire, jouer, un mauvais — à quelqu’un; to serve, or play, any one a nasty trick. — de reins; twist, or strain, in the back. À chacun son —; every dog has his day. Chacun à son —; every one in his turn. — de cou; necktie or band. — à —; by turns. — en l’air; mandrel-lathe. Fait au —; made with a lathe, turned; extremely well made. À — de rôle; in turn, in succession. Mon sang n’a fait qu’un —; I turned deathly pale; I nearly fainted; I was thoroughly upset. Faire ses quinze —s; to do a hundred useless things. Fermer à double —; to double-lock. Elle est faite au —; she has a splendid figure.

*=touraille=, n.f., malt kiln.

=tourang-eau=, =-elle=, n. adj., of Touraine; native of Touraine.

=tourbe=, n.f., turf, peat; mob, vulgar herd.

=tourbeu-x=, =-se=, adj., turfy, peaty.

=tourbière=, n.f., peat-bog, peat-moss.

*=tourbillon=, n.m., whirlwind, vortex, tornado; whirlpool; eddy; hurly-burly, bustle; tourbillon (fireworks).

*=tourbillonnement=, n.m., whirling, eddying.

*=tourbillonner=, v.n., to eddy, to whirl, to wind, to curl.

=tourd=, n.m., =tourdelle=, n.f., (orni.) fieldfare, thrush; (ich.) sea fish (of the genus Labrax).

*=tourdille=, adj., spotty gray; dirty gray.

=tourelle=, n.f., turret.

=touret=, n.m., wheel (of a lathe); reel, drill.

=tourie=, n.f., carboy; (wicker) jar.

=tourière=, n.f., nun attendant, or in attendance (at the turning-box in a nunnery).

*=tourillon=, n.m., trunnion; spindle, pivot (of a gate); axle, axle-tree, arbor.

=touriste=, n.m., tourist.

=tourlourou=, n.m., (pop.) foot-soldier.

=tourmaline=, n.f., tourmalin, turmalin.

=tourment=, n.m., torment, torture; anguish, pain; plague, scourge, vexation.

=tourmentant=, =-e=, adj., tormenting, troublesome.

=tourmente=, n.f., tempest, storm, hurricane, foul weather; (fig.) disturbance, turmoil.

=tourmenter=, v.a. and n., to torment, to torture, to rack; to grieve, to distress, to vex, to trouble, to plague; to harass, to annoy, to pester; to jolt; to strain (a ship); to labor hard (of a ship). Son procès le tourmente; his lawsuit worries him. Que cela ne vous tourmente point; don’t let that worry, or trouble, you.

se =tourmenter=, v.r., to toss, to tumble; to torment one’s self, to labor very hard; to be uneasy, to fret; (of wood) to warp; to be restless, agitated (of horses).

=tourmenteur=, adj.m., torturing, tormenting.

=tourmenteu-x=, =-se=, adj., (nav., l.u.) stormy (of regions).

=tourmentin=, n.m., (nav.) storm-jib, fore-stay sail.

=tournage=, n.m., (man.) turning.

*=tournailler=, v.n., (fam.) to turn, to go round and round a place; to prowl, or hover, round a place.

=tournant=, n.m., turn, turning, bend; turning-space (for a carriage); whirlpool, vortex; (fig.) indirect means. Au — de la rue; at the corner of the street. À un — de la route; at a turn of, or in, the road.

=tournant=, =-e=, adj., turning. Pont —; revolving, swing-bridge. Mouvement —; (milit.) turning, outflanking movement, outflanking of an enemy’s position.

=tourné=, =-e=, part., turned; awry; sour, spoilt, nearly ripe. Avoir l’esprit mal —; to be cross-grained.

=tourne-à-gauche=, n.m., (—) (tech.) tap wrench.

☉=tournebride=, n.m., tavern, roadside inn.

=tournebroche=, n.m., jack, kitchen-jack, roasting-jack; turnspit.

=tournée=, n.f., circuit; progress, visit; round, turn, walk; journey. Faire sa —; to go one’s rounds. Il est en —; he is on his rounds; he is on circuit (of judges, barristers).

=tourne-feuillet=, n.m., book-marker.

=tourne-gants=, n.m., (—) glove-stick, glove-stretchers.

☉=tournelle=, n.f., small tower; Tournelle (criminal chamber of the Parliament of Paris); prison.

☉=tournemain=, n.m., trice, twinkling, instant. En un —; in a trice, in a twinkling. V. tour de main under =tour=.

=tournement=, n.m., turning, whirling. — de tête; swimming in the head, giddiness.

*=tourne-oreille=, n.m., (—) (agri.) turning moldboard. Charrue —; turnwrist plow.

=tourne-pierre=, n.m., (—-—s) (orni.) turn-stone.

=tourner=, v.a., to turn, to turn round, to wind round, to revolve, to move round, to twirl, to twirl round; to do, to translate; to construe, to interpret; to turn off; to turn up or over. — une broche; to turn a spit. — le dos à quelqu’un; to turn one’s back on any one. — ses souliers; to wear one’s shoes on one side. — une personne à son gré; to manage any one as one likes, to wind any one round one’s little finger. — tout en bien; to put a good construction upon everything. — tout en mal; to put a wrong construction upon everything. — casaque; (fig.) to change sides, to rat. — la conversation; to change the subject of conversation. — le sang à quelqu’un; to upset any one. Faire —; to turn, to spin, to curdle. — une chose en raillerie; to make a jest of anything, to turn anything into ridicule. — du latin en français; to turn Latin into French. Il tourne bien un vers; he is a good hand at turning a verse.

se =tourner=, v.r., to turn; to turn round, to turn about; to turn, to change, to become changed. Le temps se tourne au beau; the weather is changing to fair.

=tourner=, v.n., to turn, to turn round, to wheel, to revolve, to tack about; to turn out; to change; to color, to ripen; to turn up (of cards); to spoil, to curdle (of liquids); (of the tongue) to trip, to slip. — vers; to turn towards. Le vent a tourné; the wind has shifted. Il tourne comme une girouette; he turns like a weather-cock. La tête me tourne; I feel quite giddy. La tête lui a tourné; he lost his head. — autour du pot; to beat about the bush. — du côté de quelqu’un; to go over to any one. Il ne sait plus de quel côté —; he does not know which way to turn. Cela tournera mal; that will come to no good. La chance a tourné; the luck has changed; (fig.) the tables are turned. — court; to cut short, to make an end.

=tournerie=, n.f., turner’s shop.

=tournesol=, n.m., (bot.) turnsol, girasole, sunflower; dyer’s croton.

=tournette=, n.f., squirrel’s cage; cotton winder (of candle-makers); (l.u.) skein-holder.

=tourneur=, n.m., turner.

=tourneuse=, n.f., reeler, winder.

=tourne-vent=, n.m., (—) cowl (on chimneys).

=tournevire=, n.f., (nav.) voyol, viol (for weighing an anchor). Garcettes de —; nippers. Œillets de —; eyes of the voyol.

=tournevis= (-viss), n.m., turn-screw, screw-driver.

=tourniole=, n.f., whitlow.

=tourniquet=, n.m., turnstile, turnpike; roundabout; (carp.) screw-jack; sash-pulley; (nav.) roller; (surg.) tourniquet; swivel.

=tournis=, n.m., (vet.) sturdy, turnsick, staggers.

=tournoi=, n.m., tournament.

=tournoiement= or =tournoîment= (-noa-mān), n.m., turning round, wheeling round; (vet.) sturdy, turnsick, staggers. Un — de tête; a swimming in the head, giddiness.

=tournois=, adj., of Tours. Livre —; livre, Tours currency, worth about 10 pence.

=tournoyer=, v.n., to turn round and round, to wheel round, to wind, to eddy; (fig.) to beat about the bush, to shuffle.

=tournure=, n.f., figure, shape; tournure, bustle (part of dress); turn, direction, course; cast; appearance; turn (of mind, style). Avoir bonne —; to be a good figure, to have a good figure; (fig.) to look well. Avoir mauvaise —; to be a bad figure, to have a bad figure; (fig.) to look bad. Les choses commencent à prendre une mauvaise —; things are beginning to look bad.

=tourte=, n.f., tart, fruit-pie; pie.

=tourteau=, n.m., (agri.) oil-cake; ☉a cake; (ich.) hermit-crab.

=tourtereau=, n.m., young turtle-dove.

=tourterelle=, n.f., turtle-dove.

=tourtière= (-ti-èr), n.f., tart-dish.

=tous=, adj.m.pl., =toutes=, adj.f.pl. V. =tout=.

=touselle=, n.f., (agri.) lammas wheat.

La =toussaint=, n.f., All Saints’ day.

=tousser=, v.n., to cough; to hem.

=tousserie=, n.f., (fam.) habitual coughing.

=tousseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., cougher.

=tout=, =-e=, adj., all, whole, the whole of, each, any; every; full, long; only, sole. — le monde; all the world, everybody. —e la famille; all the, or the whole, family. Tous mes livres; all my books. —es les fois que; as often as, every time that. Courir à —es jambes; to run full speed, or at the top of one’s speed. C’est — un; it is all the same. — homme qui; any man who. Tous les jours; every day. Tous les deux jours; every other day. — le jour; the whole day. Tous les huit jours; every week. Tous les quinze jours; every fortnight.

=tout=, n.m., (touts) whole, all, the whole; every one, every thing, chief point; only thing. Il veut — avoir; he wants to have all. Est-ce là —? is that all? Avez-vous — dit? have you said everything; have you had your say? — bien considéré; all things considered. À — prendre; on the whole; all things considered. Il est propre à —; he is fit for anything. Du —; not at all. Comme —; exceedingly, extremely, awfully, dreadfully, furiously, like anything. Il n’aura rien du —; he shall have nothing at all. En —; in all, upon the whole. Voilà —; that is all. C’est —; that is all. Par-dessus —; above all. Point du —; not at all. Plusieurs —s distincts; several distinct wholes.

=tout=, adv., wholly, entirely, quite, completely, thoroughly; all, for all; although, though, however. [Tout, adv., coming before an adjective or past participle beginning with a consonant, or h aspirate, and qualifying a feminine noun or pronoun, is changed into toute; and into toutes, if the noun or pronoun is in the plural.] Je suis — à vous; I am quite at your service. — à vous; sincerely yours. — à fait; quite, wholly, entirely. — malades qu’ils sont; ill as they are. —es malades qu’elles sont; ill as they are. Des femmes — éplorées; women all in tears. — nu; stark naked. Ces fleurs sont —es fraîches; these flowers are quite fresh. —e femme qu’elle est; although she is a woman, or woman though she is. —es bonnes qu’elles sont; however good they may be. — prêt; quite ready. Parler — haut; to speak aloud. — comme vous voudrez; just as you please. — le long de la rivière; all along the river. — beau, — doux; softly, gently, stop a bit, hold! not so fast. — de go; bluntly. — de bon; in earnest. — à coup; suddenly. — d’un coup; all on a sudden, all at once. — au moins; at least. — au plus; at the most. — de suite; directly. — au long; in detail, at full length. — à l’heure; just now.

=tout à fait=, adv., quite, wholly, entirely.

=toute-bonne=, n.f., (—s-—s) (bot.) clary, all good; (a sort of pear).

=toute-bonté=, n.f., supreme goodness.

=toute-épice=, n.f., (—s-—s) allspice.

=toutefois= (toot-foa), adv., yet, nevertheless, however, still.

=toutenague= (toot-nag), or =tintenague=, n.f., (metal.) tutenag.

=tout-ensemble=, n.m., (—) (arts) whole, tout ensemble, viewed as a whole.

=toute-présence=, n.f., (n.p.) omnipresence, ubiquity.

=toute-puissance=, n.f., (n.p.) omnipotence, almighty power.

=toute-saine=, n.f., (—s-—s) (bot.) tutsan.

=toute-science=, n.f., (n.p.) omniscience.

=toute-table= or =toutes-tables=, n.m., tables (backgammon).

=tou-tou=, n.m., (—-—s) bow-wow, doggy.

=tout-ou-rien=, n.m., (—) (horl.) all or nothing.

=tout-puissant=, adj.m., =toute-puissante=, adj.f., Almighty, Omnipotent, all-powerful.

=tout-puissant=, n.m., (n.p.) Omnipotent, Almighty.

=toux=, n.f., cough, coughing. — opiniâtre; obstinate cough. — qui sent le sapin or — de renard; church-yard cough. Quinte de — or accès de —; fit of coughing.

=toxicodendron=, n.m., (bot.) toxicodendron.

=toxicologie=, n.f., toxicology.

=toxique=, n.m. and adj., (med.) poison; poisonous.

=traban=, n.m., traban (soldier).

=trabée=, n.f., (Roman antiq.) trabea (toga).

☉=trac=, n.m., track, trace (of animals); pace of horses, mules. Avoir le —; (fam.) to be funky.

=traçant=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) running (of roots).

=tracas=, n.m., bustle, confusion, turmoil, disorder; worry, annoyance, bother; splutter. — des affaires; turmoil of business. — du monde; turmoil of the world.

=tracasser=, v.n., to bustle, to be busy, to be full of bustle, to stir; to meddle, to fidget.

=tracasser=, v.a., to plague, to trouble, to vex, to pester, to annoy.

=tracasserie= (-ka-srî), n.f., cavil, chicane; quarrel; bickering, broil; pester, bother, annoyance, vexation.

=tracassi-er=, =-ère=, n. and adj., caviler; troublesome person, mischief-maker; pesterer; busybody; shuffling, caviling; mischief-making; pestering, bothering, annoying.

=trace=, n.f., trace, track, step, footstep, print (of the foot); sign, mark, impression, vestige; remains; outline, sketch; (hunt.) trail; slot (of deer).

=tracé=, n.m., laying out (of ground); outline, sketch, drawing; direction; (rail) line; draught. Faire le — de; to lay out.

=tracelet=, n.m., tracer, tracing-point.

=tracement= (tras-mān), n.m., laying out (of grounds, roads).

=tracer=, v.a., to draw, to trace, to draw out, to trace out, to make out, to sketch; to lay out (grounds, roads); (fig.) to lay down, to set forth, to mark out.

=tracer=, v.n., (of trees) to spread their roots; to run out. Se —; to be traced.

=traceret=, n.m., tracing-point.

=traceu-r=, =-se=, n.m.f., tracer.

=trachée=, n.f., (ent., bot.) air-vessel, trachea.

=trachée-artère=, n.f., (—s-—s) (anat.) trachea, windpipe.

=trachéite=, n.f., (med.) trachitis.

=trachéotomie=, n.f., (surg.) tracheotomy.

=trachyte=, n.m., (min.) trachyte.

=traçoir=, n.m., tracer.

=traction=, n.f., traction; draught; thrust (of suspension-bridges).

=traditeur=, n.m., (ecc. hist.) traditor.

=tradition=, n.f., tradition; (jur.) delivery. — de la chose vendue; delivery of the thing sold. De —; traditional.

=traditionnaire=, n.m., traditionary.

=traditionnel=, =-le=, adj., traditional, traditionary, traditive.

=traditionnellement= (-nèl-mān), adv., traditionally.

=traducteur=, n.m., translator.

=traduction=, n.f., translation.

=traduire= (traduisant, traduit), v.a., to translate, to interpret, to construe, to render; to convey, to express; to show, to betray, to indicate, to denote; (jur.) to remove, to arraign, to indict. — facilement, à livre ouvert; to translate easily, at sight.

se =traduire=, v.r., to be translated; to be depicted, denoted; to be construed, to be interpreted, to be expressed.

=traduisible=, adj., translatable.

=trafic=, n.m., traffic, trading, trade. Faire — de; to deal in. Il fait — de toute sorte de marchandises; he traffics, or trades, in all sorts of goods.

=trafiquant=, n.m., trafficker.

=trafiquer=, v.n., to traffic, to trade, to deal (in), to sell.

=tragacanthe=, n.f., (bot.) tragacanth.

=tragédie=, n.f., tragedy.

=tragédien=, n.m., =-ne=, n.f., (-in, -è-n), tragedian.

=tragi-comédie=, n.f., tragi-comedy.

=tragi-comique=, adj., tragi-comic, tragi-comical.

=tragique=, adj., tragic, tragical.

=tragique=, n.m., tragedy, tragic art; tragedian; tragic writer; tragicalness; tragic part or side. Prendre une chose au —; to take a thing too seriously. Tourner au —; to assume a tragical appearance, to take a tragical turn, to become a tragedy.

=tragiquement= (-jik-mān), adv., tragically.

=trahir=, v.a., to betray; to disclose, to denote; to reveal, to discover; to be false to, to deceive; to disappoint. — sa patrie; to betray one’s country. — le secret de quelqu’un; to divulge, to betray any one’s secret.

se =trahir=, v.r., to betray one’s self; to betray one another; to be denoted, to be depicted (on).

=trahison=, n.f., treachery, treacherousness; treason, perfidy, foul play; breach of faith, breach of trust.

*=traille=, n.f., ferry-boat (of a large size).

=train=, n.m., pace, rate; train, suite, attendants; way, manner; noise, dust; carriage, skeleton (of carriages); quarters (of a horse); train (of boats); (print.) carriage; raft; (railways) train; (railways) truck. — d’artillerie; train of artillery. — de presse; (print.) carriage. — de bois; raft of wood. — direct; through train. — omnibus; slow train. — mixte; mixed train. — express, —rapide; express train. —-poste; (—s-—) mail-train. — d’aller; down train. — de marchandises; goods train. — de plaisir; excursion train. — de retour; up train. — de grande vitesse; fast train. — de petite vitesse; goods train. — de voyageurs; passenger-train. Mise en —; (print.) making ready. — de maison; establishment. Aller grand —; to go at a great rate, to go very fast. Le cocher nous a menés bon —; the coachman drove us very fast. Faire du —; to make a noise, a fuss, to kick up a shindy. L’affaire est en bon —; the business is in a fair way. Mettre quelqu’un en — de faire une chose; to put any one in the way of doing a thing. Mettre en —; to set going, to start, to put in hand. Tel était notre — de vie; such was our way of living. Il va toujours son —; he goes on in his old way or as usual. Aller son —; (of a thing) to have its course. Être en —; to be in good spirits, to be in the mood (for). N’être pas en —; not to be up to the mark. Au — dont il y va; at the rate he goes on. Fort en —; in high spirits, in high fettle. Se mettre en — de faire une chose; to prepare to do, to set about doing, a thing. Tout d’un —; all together. Pas dans le —; not up to date, of an older school. Mener bon —; to drive hard. Mener grand —; to drive at a great pace; (fig.) to live in great style. À fond de —; at full speed, at full gallop.

=traînage=, n.m., sledging, sleighing; (racing) training.

=traînant=, =-e=, adj., dragging, trailing, tiresome, languid. Drapeaux —s; trailing colors. Style —; heavy style. Voix —e; drawling voice.

=traînard=, n.m., loiterer, straggler, laggard.

=traînasse=, n.f., (bot.) fiorin; knot-grass; drag-net.

=traînasser=, v.a. and n., (fam.) to draw out, to spin out, to drag about, to delay, to protract; to be dilatory, to linger.

=traîne=, n.f., dragging, being dragged or drawn. Bateau à la —; boat in tow at the stern of a ship. Perdreaux en —; young partridges that cannot fly; unfledged partridges.

=traîneau=, n.m., sledge, sleigh; trammel, drag-net, draw-net.

=traîne-buissons=, n.m., (orni.) hedge-sparrow.

=traînée=, n.f., train (of gunpowder); trail, long line (of anything spilt); (hunt.) track; (pers.) street-walker, trollop.

=traîne-malheur=, n.m.f., (—) wretch.

=traîne-potence=, n.m., (—) hang-gallows-fellow, Newgate-bird, gaol-bird, gallows-bird.

=traîner=, v.a., to draw, to drag, to drag along, to trail; to put off, to spin out, to draw out, to protract, to lengthen; to drawl. — un homme en prison; to drag a man off to prison. Il traîne la jambe; he drags his leg. Cet oiseau traîne l’aile; that bird hangs its wing. — ses paroles; to draw out one’s words. — les choses en longueur; to protract, or to delay, things. — dans la boue; to draggle; to defame. Laisser —; to leave littered about.

se =traîner=, v.r., to crawl, to creep along; to lag, to lag behind, to drag one’s self along.

=traîner=, v.n., to trail, to drag, to lag; to droop; to lie about; to languish, to linger, to be in abeyance or in suspense; to be spun out, to be protracted, to be drawn out, to be lengthened; to be found. Votre robe traîne; your gown sweeps the ground, drags along the ground. L’affaire traîne; the matter hangs fire. Il y a longtemps qu’il traîne; he has been in a lingering state for a long time. Cela traîne dans tous les livres; that is found in every book.

=traînerie=, n.f., dragging, drawling; string (of words); series, long speech.

=traîneur=, n.m., straggler, lagger; poacher (with a trammel); (nav.) ship lagging behind. — d’épée, — de sabre; trooper, sword dangler, swashbuckler.

=train-train=, n.m., routine, habits, regular course.

=traire= (trayant, trait), v.a., to milk, to draw.

=trait=, =-e=, part., milked; (of precious metals) wire-drawn.

=trait=, n.m., arrow, dart, bolt, shaft, thunderbolt; stroke, hit, trait; trace (of harness); leash (for dogs); turn (of the scale); draught, gulp; dash (of the pen); (paint.) touch; kerf (of a saw); feature, lineament; act; prime move (at chess, draughts); (c.rel.) tract; gold or silver wire. Au —; (of a drawing) in outline. — d’union; hyphen, connecting link. Décocher, lancer un —; to shoot, to let fly an arrow. Il partit comme un —; he darted off (like an arrow from the bow). —s de l’Amour; Love’s shafts. — piquant; smart hit. — de satire; satirical stroke. Chacun me lança son —; every one had a fling at me. —s de l’envie; shafts of envy. Avaler tout d’un —; to swallow at one draught. Boire à longs —s; to quaff. Avoir — à; to have reference to. À longs —s; deep, in long draughts. Copier — pour —; to copy stroke for stroke. — d’esprit; witticism, flash of wit. Cheval de —; draught-horse. D’un seul —; at a stretch. Boutons de —; gold or silver wire buttons. Ce sont là de ses —s; that is just like him, or some of his tricks.

=traitable=, adj., tractable, manageable; (metal.) ductile, pliant, soft, malleable.

=traitant=, n.m., farmer (of the revenue); contractor.

=traite=, n.f., stage, journey, stretch; trade, trading (on the African coast); milking; (com.) draft, bill; banking; exportation; ☉customs duty. Je m’y rendis tout d’une —; I made but one stage of it. — des nègres, — des noirs; slave-trade. Tout d’une —; at a stretch. Bâtiment de —; slaver, slave-ship. Faire la —; to carry on the slave-trade; to trade with the coast of Africa.

=traité=, n.m., treatise, tract, dissertation; treaty; agreement. — de paix; treaty of peace. — de commerce; commercial treaty.

=traitement= (trèt-mān), n.m., treatment; reception, honors; usage; entertainment (to ambassadors or envoys); salary, stipend, emoluments (of a place); (med., chem.) treatment; (nav.) full pay. Mauvais —s; ill-usage, ill-treatment.

=traiter=, v.a., to treat; to discuss, to handle, to discourse upon; to use, to behave to; to call, to style; to negotiate, to treat for, to be in treaty for; to treat of; to entertain, to board; to execute, to do; (med., chem.) to treat. Il m’a traité en frère; he treated me like a brother. — quelqu’un avec honneur; to show any one great honor. — de haut en bas; to treat with contempt. Il l’a traité de fat; he called him a fop. — quelqu’un de Turc à More; to treat any one like a Turk, to use any one shamefully.

se =traiter=, v.r., to be treated; to treat one’s self; to treat one another; to live (well or badly); to be one’s own doctor.

=traiter=, v.n., to treat, to discuss; to negotiate, to be in negotiation for; to come to terms; to entertain, to treat; to keep an ordinary; to keep a boarding-house. — d’une matière; to treat of a matter. — à tant par tête; to keep an ordinary at so much a head; to board people at so much a head.

=traiteur=, n.m., eating-house keeper; Louisiana trader.

=traître=, =-sse=, n. and adj., traitor, treacherous man; traitress, treacherous woman; treacherous, false, perfidious; traitorous. Les chats sont —s; cats are treacherous. En —; treacherously, perfidiously. Prendre en —; to fall upon, or attack, in a treacherous manner. Pas un — mot; not a single word.

=traîtreusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., traitorously, treacherously.

=traîtrise=, n.f., treachery, perfidy.

=trajectoire=, n.f., (ballistics) trajectory.

=trajet=, n.m., passage, voyage, journey; (surg.) course, direction. — d’une plaie; direction of a wound. Faire le —; to perform the journey, to make the passage, etc.

*=tramail= or =trémail=, n.m., trammel, drag-net.

=trame=, n.f., weft, woof, web; plot, conspiracy; course, progress, thread. La — de sa vie; the course of his life. Ourdir une —; to lay, or to hatch, a plot.

=tramer=, v.a., to weave; to plot, to brew, to contrive, to hatch. — une étoffe de soie; to weave a stuff with a silk woof. — une conspiration; to hatch a plot. V. =ourdir=.

se =tramer=, v.r., to be woven; to be hatched, plotted; to be in course of being hatched, plotted.

☉=tramontain=, =-e= (-tīn, -tè-n), adj., tramontane (lying beyond the mountains).

=tramontane=, n.f., tramontane, North wind; North; North star (in the Mediterranean). Perdre la —; to be at a loss what to do, to be at one’s wits’ end.

=tramway=, n.m., (—s) tramway, tramroad.

=tranchant=, =-e=, adj., sharp, cutting; trenchant, salient, prominent; peremptory, decisive. Epée —e; sharp sword. Ecuyer —; gentleman-carver. Couleurs —es; strong, glaring colors.

=tranchant=, n.m., edge (of cutting instruments); web (of colters). Epée à deux —s; two-edged, or double-edged, sword.

=tranche=, n.f., slice, chop, collop, steak; (of beef) aitchbone; (of a book) edge; (arith.) period, set. Doré sur —s; with gilt edges, gilt-edged. — de lard; rasher of bacon.

=tranchée=, n.f., trench, drain. pl., throes, pains (of a woman in labor); cut, cutting, excavation, pl., gripes, griping, colic. Avoir des —s; to be griped. —s rouges; (vet.) gripes (of horses).

=tranchefile= (transh-fil), n.f., (book-bind.) headband; bar (in a shoe); cross-chain (of a bridle).

=tranche-gazon=, n.m., turfing-iron.

=tranchelard= (transh-lâr), n.m., larding-knife.

*=tranche-montagne=, n.m., (—-—s) hector, bully, swaggerer, blusterer, braggart.

=trancher=, v.a., to cut, to cut off; to decide, to determine, to settle. — la tête à quelqu’un; to cut off any one’s head. Ceci tranche la difficulté; this removes the obstacle. — le mot; to say the word, to speak out. — la question; to settle, or clinch, the matter; to cut the Gordian knot; to solve the difficulty.

=trancher=, v.n., to decide, to determine, to resolve, to set up for, to affect; to cut; (of colors) to glare, to show. — court; to cut short. — net; to speak one’s mind plainly. — du grand seigneur; to give one’s self the airs of a lord, to lord it (over). — du philosophe; to set up for a philosopher. — du petit-maître; to affect the beau, the dandy. Ce couteau tranche comme un rasoir; this knife cuts like a razor. — dans le vif; to cut to the quick; (fig.) to set to work in good earnest.

=tranchet=, n.m., shoemaker’s knife; paring-knife; shank (of chisels).

=tranchoir=, n.m., trencher, plate.

=tranquille=, adj., quiet, calm, still, tranquil, peaceful; easy (in mind); Tenez-vous —; be quiet. Soyez —; never fear; don’t trouble about that; set your mind at ease (about it). Laissez-moi —; leave me alone; stuff! nonsense! Séjour —; tranquil, peaceful abode.

=tranquillement= (-kil-mān), adv., tranquilly, quietly, peaceably, calmly, sedately.

=tranquillisant=, =-e=, adj., tranquillizing.

=tranquilliser=, v.a., to tranquillize, to make easy, to still, to quiet, to set at ease, at rest.

se =tranquilliser=, v.r., to grow tranquil, easy; to become tranquil, to be tranquillized, to make one’s self easy (about anything).

=tranquillité=, n.f., tranquillity, calmness, quiet, stillness, peace.

=trans=, a prefix from Lat. trans.

=transaction= (-zak-ci-), n.f., transaction, compromise, arrangement.

=transalpin=, =-e= (-zal-pīn, -pi-n), adj., beyond the Alps, transalpine.

=transatlantique=, adj., transatlantic.

=transbordement=, n.m., transshipment.

=transborder=, v.a., to transship.

=transcendance=, n.f., transcendency.

=transcendant=, =-e=, adj., transcendent.

=transcendantal=, =-e=, adj., (philos.) transcendental.

=transcripteur=, n.m., transcriber.

=transcription=, n.f., transcription, transcript, copy.

=transcrire=, v.a., to transcribe, to copy.

=transe=, n.f., affright, fright, fear, apprehension. Être dans des —s; to be in mortal terror.

=transept=, n.m., (arch.) transept.

=transférable=, adj., transferable; (com.) endorsable.

=transfèrement=, n.m., removal, transference, conveying (of convicts).

=transférer=, v.a., to transfer, to transport, to convey; to translate (bishops); to remove; to put off; to make over; to postpone. — son droit; to make over one’s right. — une fête; to postpone a fête. Se —; to be transferred.

=transfert=, n.m., transfer; (jur.) conveyance.

=transfiguration=, n.f., transfiguration.

=transfigurer=, v.a., to transfigure.

se =transfigurer=, v.r., to be transfigured.

=transfilage=, n.m., (nav.) marling.

=transfiler=, v.a., (nav.) to marl.

=transformation=, n.f., transformation, transmutation.

=transformer=, v.a., to transform, to transmute; to change, to convert, to turn.

se =transformer=, v.r., to transform, to be transformed, to be transmuted.

=transfuge=, n.m., (milit.) deserter; fugitive, turncoat.

=transfuser=, v.a., to transfuse.

=transfuseur=, n.m., transfuser.

=transfusion=, n.f., transfusion.

=transgresser=, v.a., to transgress, to trespass against, to violate.

=transgresseur=, n.m., transgressor.

=transgression=, n.f., transgression, violation.

=transi=, =-e=, part., chilled, benumbed. — de froid; chilled with cold. Un amoureux —; a bashful lover.

=transiger= (-zi-jé), v.n., to compound, to compromise, to come to terms; to treat (with).

=transiger=, v.a., to transact.

=transir=, v.a., to chill, to benumb; to overcome with fear or affliction, to paralyze.

=transir=, v.n., to be chilled (with cold); to be overcome or paralyzed with fear or affliction.

=transissement= (-sis-mān), n.m., (l.u.) chill, numbness, shivering, trembling.

=transit= (tran-zit), n.m., (com.) transit.

=transiti-f=, =-ve= (tran-zi-), adj., transitive. Verbe —; transitive verb.

=transition= (tran-zi-), n.f., transition.

=transitoire= (tran-zi-), adj., transitory, transient.

☉=translater=, v.a., to translate.

☉=translateur=, n.m., translator.

=translati-f=, =-ve=, adj., (jur.) transferring.

=translation=, n.f., translation (of bishops); removal; postponement (of a ceremony); (jur.) transfer.

=translucide=, adj., translucid.

=translucidité=, n.f., translucency, translucidity.

=transmarin=, =-e= (-rīn, -ri-n), adj., transmarine.

=transmetteur=, n.m., (in telegraphy) transmitting-key.

=transmettre=, v.a., to transmit, to convey; to forward; to send on; to transfer, to make over, to hand down. — son nom à la postérité; to hand down one’s name to posterity.

=transmigrant=, =-e=, adj., (zoöl.) migratory.

=transmigration=, n.f., transmigration.

=transmissibilité=, n.f., transmissibility.

=transmissible=, adj., transmissible, transferable.

=transmission=, n.f., transmission; (com.) transfer.

=transmuable=, adj., transmutable.

=transmuer=, v.a., to transmute.

=transmutabilité=, n.f., transmutability.

=transmutation=, n.f., transmutation.

=transparence=, n.f., transparency.

=transparent=, =-e=, adj., transparent.

=transparent=, n.m., (paint.) transparency; black lines (for writing straight).

=transpercer=, v.a., to transpierce, to pierce through and through, to run through.

=transpirable=, adj., (l.u.) perspirable.

=transpiration=, n.f., perspiration, transpiration.

=transpirer=, v.n., to perspire; to exhale, to ooze out; (fig.) to transpire.

=transplantable=, adj., (gard.) transplantable.

=transplantation=, n.f., transplantation.

☉=transplantement=, n.m. V. =transplantation=.

=transplanter=, v.a., to transplant. Se —; to be transplanted.

=transplanteur=, n.m., (hort.) (pers.) transplanter.

=transplantoir=, n.m., transplanter (instrument).

=transport=, n.m., carriage; conveyance; transfer, assignment; (fig.) rapture, transport, ecstasy, delirium; (nav.) transport-ship, transport. Vaisseau de —; transport-ship. — de joie; transport of joy. — au cerveau; delirium, deliriousness. Commerce de —; carrying-trade. Frais de —; (com.) carriage.

=transportable=, adj., that may be conveyed, transportable.

=transportation=, n.f., transportation, banishment.

=transporté=, =-e=, n. and adj., convict; transported, rapt.

=transporter=, v.a., to convey, to transport; to transfer; to make over; to banish; to enrapture, to transport. — une créance; to transfer a debt. La joie l’a tout transporté; he is quite overcome with joy.

se =transporter=, v.r., to transport one’s self, to go, to repair (to). Se — sur les lieux; to go, to repair, to the place.

☉=transposable=, adj., transposable.

=transposer=, v.a., to transpose. Se —; to be transposed.

=transpositeur=, adj.m., only used in Piano, instrument —; transposing piano, instrument.

=transpositi-f=, =-ve=, adj., transpositive.

=transposition=, n.f., transposition.

=transrhénan=, =-e=, adj., from beyond the Rhine, transrhenish.

=transsubstantiation= (-stān-ci-a-cion), n.f., transubstantiation.

=transsubstantier= (-stān-cié), v.a., to transubstantiate.

=transsudation=, n.f., transudation.

=transsuder=, v.n., to transude.

=transvasation=, n.f., decanting, transfusion.

=transvasement=, n.m., decantation, transfusion.

=transvaser=, v.a., to decant, to transfuse.

=transvaseur=, n.m., decanter.

=transversal=, =-e=, adj., transversal, transverse.

=transversalement= (-sal-mān), adv., transversely.

=transverse=, adj., transversal, transverse.

=trantran=, n.m., (fam.) routine, habits, regular course; knack (in treating certain things). Savoir le —; to be an old stager. Savoir le — du palais; (fam.) to know the ins and outs of the law courts. V. =train-train=.

=trapèze=, n.m., (geom.) trapezium; (anat.) trapezium (bone); trapezius (muscle); (gymnastics) trapeze. [In the language of anatomy this word is also used adjectively: os —; trapezium; muscle —; trapezius.]

=trapéziforme=, adj., trapeziform.

=trapézoïde=, n.m. and adj., (geom.) trapezoid; (anat.) trapezoidal.

=trapp=, n.m., (geol., min.) trap.

=trappe=, n.f., trap-door; trap, pitfall; (of the gallows) drop. Tendre une —; to lay a trap.

=trappeur=, n.m., trapper.

=trappiste=, n.m. and adj., Trappist.

=trapu=, =-e=, adj., squat, dumpy, thick-set, stubby.

=traque=, n.f., (hunt.) inclosing, beating (for game).

=traquenard= (trak-nar), n.m., racking-pace (of a horse); trap (for noxious animals).

=traquer=, v.a., (hunt.) to beat a wood for game; to inclose; to encircle; to ferret out; to surround, to hem in. — un bois; to inclose a wood. — des voleurs; to surround thieves.

=traquet=, n.m., trap (for fetid animals); (orni.) stone chatter; mill-clapper. Donner dans le —; to be entrapped.

=traqueur=, n.m., (hunt.) beater up.

=trass=, n.m., (min.) trass.

=traumaticine=, n.f., (med.) pigment (of gutta-percha).

=traumatique=, adj., traumatic.

*=travail=, n.m., (travaux), labor, work, toil; piece of work; employment; study; travail. pl., works; workmanship. Vivre de son —; to live by one’s labor. À force de —; by dint of labor. Se mettre au —; to set to work. — d’enfant; child-birth, labor, travail. Travaux forcés; penal servitude. Cabinet de —; study.

*=travail=, n.m., (travails) trave, brake (for the shoeing of refractory horses); reports (of Ministers to the Head of the State, of heads of departments to Ministers).

=travaillé=, =-e=, part. adj., worked, wrought, labored; elaborate, (fig.) laboring (under), a prey (to). — à jour; open-worked.

*=travailler=, v.n., to labor, to work; (of wine) to ferment; to study; to make it one’s study; to endeavor; to digest with difficulty; (of a ship) to be strained; (of wood) to warp; (of a wall) to chink. — à l’aiguille; to do needlework. — à la terre; to till the ground.

*=travailler=, v.a., to work, to work at, to labor; to do with care; to fashion; to work up; to cultivate, to improve (ground); to exercise, to overwork (a horse); to torment. Un cheval trop travaillé; a horse overworked. — les esprits; to rouse, to excite, the minds (of the populace). — son style; to overdo, to elaborate one’s style.

*se =travailler=, v.r., to torment one’s self; to make one’s self uneasy; to torment each other; to work up; to endeavor, to study.

*=travailleu-r=, =-se=, n. and adj., workman; laborer, artisan; industrious, hard-working-man; industrious, laborious woman; laborious, industrious, hard-working.

=travée=, n.f., (arch.) bay; triforium (of a church); truss (of bridges). — de balustres; balustrade.

=travers=, n.m., breadth, side (of a ship); whim, caprice, fancy, oddity, eccentricity. À —; athwart, through, across. Au — de; through. Au — du corps; through the body. À — les bois; across the woods. À — champs; across country. Parler à tort et à —; to talk at random. De —; awry, crooked; askew, cross, wrong. Marcher de —; to walk crooked. Regarder quelqu’un de —; to look black, to look daggers, at any one. Il prend tout de —; he takes everything in a wrong sense; he puts a wrong construction upon everything. Avoir l’esprit de —; to be of a cross-grained temper; to be wrong-headed. En —; across, cross-wise.

=traverse=, n.f., cross-bar, cross-piece; (carp.) cross-beam girder; cross-road; (railways) sleeper; (fort.) traverse; (fig.) misfortune. A la —; (obstacle) in the way. Se jeter, venir, à la —; to place one’s self in the way. Chemin de —; cross-road. Rue de —; cross-street, side-street.

=traversée=, n.f., (nav.) passage, voyage, crossing.

=traversement=, n.m., crossing.

=traverser=, v.a., to cross, to go or pass over, to travel over, to travel through; to lie across; to traverse, to get over; to go across; to run through (with a sword); to penetrate, to go, to run through; to thwart, to disturb, to vex. — une rivière à la nage; to swim over a river. — l’ancre; (nav.) to stow the anchor. — les voiles; (nav.) to flat in the sails. — un projet; to thwart a project. Faire —; to get, or send, through; to get, or bring, over.

se =traverser=, v.r., to be crossed; to cross each other; to thwart each other; (man.) to traverse.

=traversi-er=, =-ère=, adj., cross, that plies across. Barque —ère; ferry-boat. Flûte —ère; German flute.

=traversin=, n.m., bolster; (carp., nav.) cross beam; transom; (of boats) stretcher.

=traversine=, n.f., (arch.) sleeper, transom.

=travertin=, n.m., (min.) travertin.

=travesti=, =-e=, adj., disguised, travestied, parodied, burlesqued. — en paysan; disguised as a peasant.

=travestir=, v.a., to disguise, to travesty; (fig.) to misinterpret, to misrepresent.

se =travestir=, v.r., to disguise one’s self.

=travestissement= (-tis-mān), n.m., disguise, travesty.

=travestisseur=, n.m., parodist, travestier.

=trayon=, n.m., dug, teat (of cows, etc.).

=trébuchage=, n.m., (coin.) weighing and sorting.

=trébuchant=, =-e=, adj., stumbling; (coin.) of weight, of full weight.

=trébuchant=, n.m., (coin.) full weight.

=trébuchement= (-bush-man), n.m., (l.u.) stumbling, fall; blunder.

=trébucher=, v.n., to stumble, to slip, to trip, to err; to weigh down.

=trébuchet=, n.m., assay-balance or scales; bird-trap. Prendre quelqu’un au —; to entrap any one.

=tréfiler=, v.a., to wire-draw.

=tréfilerie= (-fil-rî), n.f., wire-drawing mill.

=tréfileur=, n.m., wire-drawer.

=trèfle=, n.m., (bot.) trefoil, clover, shamrock; clubs (at cards); (arch.) trefoil.

=tréfoncier=, n.m., land-owner; mine-owner.

=tréfonds= or =très-fonds= (-fon), n.m., subsoil; (fig.) bottom. Savoir le fond et le — d’une affaire; to know the ins and outs of, to know all about, an affair.

*=treillage=, n.m., trellis-work; lattice-work (of gardens); fence.

*=treillageur=, n.m., lattice-maker, trellis-maker.

*=treille=, n.f., vine-arbor; shrimp-net. Le jus de la —; the juice of the grape.

*=treillis=, n.m., trellis, lattice; lattice-work; glazed calico; sackcloth.

*=treillissé=, =-e=, adj., trellised, latticed.

*=treillisser=, v.a., to trellis, to lattice.

=treizaine=, n.f., baker’s dozen.

=treize=, n.m. and adj., thirteen, thirteenth.

=treizième=, n.m.f. and adj., thirteenth.

=treizièmement= (trè-zièm-mān), adv., thirteenthly.

=tréma=, n.m., diæresis.

=trémail=, n.m. V. =tramail=.

=tremblaie=, n.f., aspen-grove.

=tremblant=, =-e=, adj., trembling, quaking, tremulous, shivering, quivering; twinkling, flickering (of light).

=tremble=, n.m., (bot.) aspen.

=tremblé=, n.m., (print.) waved rule.

=tremblé=, =-e=, adj., waved (of lines); shaking (of writing). Ecriture —e; shaking, trembling handwriting.

=tremblée=, n.f., (vet.) thwarter (disease in sheep).

=tremblement=, n.m., trembling, quaking, trepidation, shaking, shivering, tremor; fluttering (of wings); flickering (of light); (mus.) shake, trill. — de nerfs; nervous shivering, trembling. — de terre; earthquake. Et tout le —! (fam.) and the whole blessed lot; and all the rest of it.

=trembler=, v.n., to tremble, to shake, to shiver; to quake, to fear, to flutter (of wings), to quiver (of light). — de froid; to shiver with cold. La main lui tremble; his hand shakes. À faire —; enough to make one shiver; thundering (of noise).

=trembleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., trembler, quaker.

=tremblotant=, =-e=, adj., trembling (of the voice); tremulous (of sound); shivering, quivering, fluttering.

=trembloter=, v.n., to tremble (of sound); to quiver, to shiver, to flutter (of wings); to flicker (of light).

=trémie=, n.f., hopper, mill-hopper.

=trémière=, adj.f., only used in Rose —; holly-hock, rose-mallow.

=tremolo= (tré-), n.m., (—) (mus.) tremolo.

=trémoussement= (-moos-mān), n.m., fluttering, joggling; frisking; flutter. Se donner du —; to bestir one’s self; to frisk about.

=trémousser=, v.a., to stir, to bestir, to shake (any one).

se =trémousser=, v.r., to flutter about, to frisk, to joggle; to bestir one’s self, to bustle about.

=trémoussoir=, n.m., swinging-chair, revolving-chair.

=trempage=, n.m., steeping; soaking; (print.) wetting.

=trempe=, n.m., temper (of steel); constitution; character, stamp, quality; (print.) wetting. Donner la — au fer; to temper iron. Ce sont des gens de la même —; they are people of the same stamp.

=trempé=, =-e=, part., soaked, wet; tempered (of iron and steel). Il est tout —; he is wet to the skin. Du vin —; diluted wine.

=trempée=, n.f., steeping, soaking, drenching; (fig. and pop.) whacking, drubbing.

=tremper=, v.a., to dip, to soak, to steep, to drench, to wet, to temper (iron and steel); to dilute (wine); (print.) to wet (paper); to imbrue. — la soupe; to pour the soup on the bread. — de larmes; to wet with tears. — ses mains dans le sang; to imbrue one’s hands in blood.

=tremper=, v.n., to soak, to be steeped; to be implicated (in); to be a party (to); to be concerned (in); to participate (in). — dans un crime; to be implicated in a crime.

=tremperie= (tran-prî), n.f., (print.) wetting-room, sink.

=tremplin=, n.m., spring-board, leaping-board.

=trentain=, n.m., thirty all (at tennis).

=trentaine=, n.f., about thirty, some thirty; age of thirty. Il a passé la —; he is over thirty.

=trente=, n.m. and adj., thirty, thirtieth.

=trentenaire=, adj., of thirty years’ duration.

=trentième= (-tièm), n.m.f. and adj., thirtieth.

=tréou=, n.m., (nav.) lug-sail.

=trépan=, n.m., (surg.) trepan (instrument); trepanning.

=trépanation=, n.f., (surg.) trepanning.

=trépaner=, v.a., (surg.) to trepan.

=trépang=, n.m., (zoöl.) trepang.

=trépas=, n.m., (poet.) decease, death.

=trépassé=, n.m., dead person. Les —s; the dead.

=trépassement= (-pâs-mān), n.m., death, decease.

=trépasser=, v.n., to die, to depart this life.

=trépidation=, n.f., trepidation, trembling, tremor; (ancient astron.) libration; slight shock of earthquake.

=trépied=, n.m., trivet; tripod.

*=trépignement=, n.m., stamping.

*=trépigner=, v.n., to stamp, to stamp one’s foot. — de colère; to stamp with rage.

=trépointe=, n.f., welt (of a shoe).

=très=, adv., very; most; very much; quite, widely; deeply; greatly. Le — Haut; the Almighty.

=tré-sept= (-sèt), n.m., (n.p.) a card game.

=très-fonds=, n.m. (—). V. =tréfonds=.

=trésor=, n.m., treasure; treasury; exchequer; record-office; (c.rel.) relics and ornaments. Amasser des —s; to heap up riches.

=trésorerie= (-zor-rî), n.f., treasury.

=trésorier=, n.m., treasurer; (milit.) pay-master.

=trésorière=, n.f., treasurer.

=tressage=, n.m., weaving.

*=tressaillement=, n.m., start, starting; tremor, thrill; flutter, trepidation.

*=tressaillir= (tressaillant, tressailli), v.n., to start, to leap, to tremble, to shudder, to give a start; to thrill; to quake, to start into life. — de peur; to start with fear. — de joie; to leap for joy.

=tressaillure=, n.f., cracking, chipping (in pottery).

=tresse=, n.f., tress, plait, plat, braid.

=tresser=, v.a., to weave, to interweave, to plait, to braid; to wreathe; to form into tresses. — des cheveux; to braid hair.

=tresseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., plaiter, braider.

=trest=, n.m., sail-cloth (for fishing boats).

=tréteau=, n.m., trestle, trestles. pl., stage, boards (of a mountebank). — de meule; (agri.) stack-stand. Monter sur les —x; to make a mountebank of one’s self; to tread the boards, to go on the stage.

*=treuil=, n.m., windlass; hand-winch; (mec.) wheel and axle.

=trêve=, n.f., truce. — de compliments; a truce to compliments. — à ces niaiseries! no more of these fooleries!

=trévire=, n.f., (nav.) parbuckle.

=trévirer=, v.a., (nav.) to parbuckle.

=tri=, a prefix from Lat. tri, and Gr. τρι.

=tri=, n.m., “tri” (card game); sorting; trick (whist).

=triable=, adj., sortable.

=triade=, n.f., triad.

=triage=, n.m., choosing, picking, sorting; choice, selection.

=triandre=, adj., (bot.) triandrous.

=triandrie=, n.f., (bot.) triandria.

=triangle=, n.m., (geom., astron., mus.) triangle; (nav.) triangular hanging stage (for calking).

=triangulaire=, adj., triangular.

=triangulairement=, adv., triangularly.

=triangulation=, n.f., triangulation; trigonometrical survey.

=triangulé=, =-e=, adj., triangled.

=trianon=, n.m., pavilion. Le petit —, le grand —; royal summer palaces in the park at Versailles.

=trias=, n.m., (geol.) trias.

=triasique=, adj., (geol.) triassic.

=tribade=, n.f., (l.ex.) shameless, unnatural woman.

=tribal=, =-e=, adj., tribal.

=tribart=, n.m., clog; yoke.

=tribord=, n.m., (nav.) starboard. — tout! (nav.) hard a starboard!

=tribordais=, n.m., (nav.) starboard-watch.

=triboulet=, n.m., (gold.) triblet; (fig.) fool, jester.

=tribraque=, n.m., tribrach.

=tribu=, n.f., tribe.

=tribulation=, n.f., tribulation.

=tribun=, n.m., tribune; demagogue.

=tribunal=, n.m., tribunal, bench, judgment-seat; court of justice.

=tribunat= n.m., tribuneship; tribunate.

=tribune=, n.f., tribune (rostrum); gallery; grand-stand (at races); platform, hustings. Monter à la —; to mount the rostrum; to speak (in parliament). — aux enchères; auctioneer’s rostrum. — d’orgues; organ-loft.

=tribunitien=, =-ne= (-ci-in, -ci-è-n), adj., tribunitial.

=tribut=, n.m., tribute; grant, contribution; duty, debt. Payer le — à la nature; to pay the debt of nature. Payer le — à Neptune; to be sea-sick.

=tributaire=, n.m. and adj., tributary.

=triceps= (-sèps), n.m. and adj., (anat.) triceps.

=tricher=, v.a. and n., (fam.) to cheat, to bilk; to trick.

=tricherie= (tri-shrî), n.f., cheat, cheating, trick, trickery. — revient à son maître; curses, like chickens, come home to roost.

=tricheu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., cheat, trickster.

=trichine= (-ki-n), n.f., thread worm, trichina spiralis (of the pig).

=tricoises=, n.f.pl., farrier’s pincers.

=tricolor=, n.m., (bot.) tricolored amaranth.

=tricolore=, adj., tricolored.

=tricorde=, n.m., adj., trichord.

=tricorne=, n.m., three-cornered hat; shovel-hat. adj., three-cornered, three-horned.

=tricot=, n.m., cudgel; knitting; knitted vest.

=tricotage=, n.m., knitting.

=tricoter=, v.a. and n., to knit; to make lace. Se —; to knit for one’s self; to be knitted.

=tricoteu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., knitter. f., knitting-frame.

=trictrac=, n.m., trick-track, backgammon; trick-track-board, backgammon-board.

=tricycle=, n.m., a three-wheeled carriage, three-wheeler, tricycle.

=tricycliste=, n.m.f., tricyclist.

=tride=, adj., (riding) swift, quick, fleet. Mouvement —; quick and strong movement (of a horse).

=trident=, n.m., trident; fish-gig.

=tridenté=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) tridented; trident-pointed.

=tridi=, n.m., tridi, third day of the decade in the calendar of the first French republic.

=triduo=, n.m., (—s) (c.rel.) religious exercises which last three days.

=trièdre=, adj., (geom.) trihedral.

=triennal=, =-e= (-è-n-nal), adj., triennial.

=triennalité= (-è-n-na-), n.f., term of three years; triennial duration.

=triennat= (-è-n-na), n.m., space of three years; trienniate, triennial period.

=trier=, v.a., to pick, to pick out, to cull, to sort, to choose, to select. Des hommes triés; picked men.

se =trier=, v.r., to be sorted.

=triérarchie=, n.f., (antiq.) trierarchy.

=triérarque=, n.m., (antiq.) trierarch.

=trieu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., sorter, picker.

=trifide=, adj., (bot.) trifid.

=triflore=, adj., (bot.) three-flowered, triflorous.

=triforium= (-om), n.m., (arch.) triforium, blind story.

=trigame=, n. adj., trigamous; trigamist.

=trigamie=, n.f., trigamy.

=trigaud=, =-e=, adj., (fam.) shuffling, cunning, crafty. n. shuffler.

=trigauder=, v.n., (fam.) to shuffle.

=trigauderie= (-gô-drî), n.f., (fam.) shuffling trick; artful trick.

=trigle=, n.f., (ich.) gurnard, gurnet.

=triglyphe=, n.m., (arch.) triglyph.

=trigone=, n.m., trigon.

=trigonométrie=, n.f., trigonometry.

=trigonométrique=, adj., trigonometrical.

=trigonométriquement=, adv., trigonometrically.

=tril=, n.m., (mus.). V. =trille=.

=trilatéral=, =-e=, adj., trilateral.

=trilatère=, n.m., (l.u.). V. =triangle=.

*=trille=, or =tril=, n.m., (mus.) quaver, trill, shake.

*=triller=, v.a., (mus.) to shake, to trill, to quaver.

=trillion=, n.m., one billion.

=trilobé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) trilobate, thrice-lobed; (arch.) three-cusped.

=triloculaire=, adj., (bot.) trilocular.

=trilogie=, n.f., trilogy.

=trimbaler=, v.a., to trail; (pers.) to drag, or lug, about.

se =trimbaler=, v.r., to go about, or to and fro; to knock about (the streets).

=trimer=, v.n., to run up and down; to trudge.

=trimestre=, n.m., quarter of a year; quarter’s money; three months’, quarter’s salary. Toucher son —; to receive one’s (quarter’s) salary. Par —; quarterly.

=trimestriel=, =-le=, adj., quarterly.

=trimestriellement=, adv., every quarter.

=trimètre=, n.m., trimeter.

=trin= or =trine=, adj.m., trine. — aspect; (astron.) trine aspect.

=tringa=, n.m., (orni.) tringa.

=tringle=, n.f., curtain-rod; rod, rail, bar; (arch.) tringle; rod; (carp.) mark; connecting-rod.

=tringler=, v.a., (carp.) to mark out, to chalk.

=trinitaire=, n.m., Trinitarian.

=trinité=, n.f., trinity. La —; Trinity Sunday.

=trinôme=, n.m., and adj., (alg.) trinomial.

=trinquart=, n.m., small fishing-boat, herring-boat.

=trinquer=, v.n., to touch, or clink, glasses in drinking; (fig.) to hobnob (with).

=trinquet=, n.m., (nav.) fore-mast (in a lateen vessel).

=trinquette=, n.f., (nav.) storm-jib, fore-stay sail.

=trio=, n.m., (—s) trio; triplet.

=triolet=, n.m., (poet.) triolet; (mus.) triplet.

=triomphal=, =-e=, adj., triumphal.

=triomphalement= (-fal-mān), adv., triumphantly.

=triomphant=, =-e=, adj., triumphant.

=triomphateur=, n.m., triumpher.

=triomphe=, n.m., triumph.

=triomphe=, n.f., (card game) triumph.

=triompher=, v.n., to triumph (over); to overcome; to be triumphant; to exult, to be exultant, to glory (in); to excel. — de ses passions; to overcome one’s passions.

=trioste=, n.m., (bot.) feverwort.

*=tripaille=, n.f., garbage, offal.

=tripan=, n.m. V. =trépang=.

=tripartite=, adj., tripartite.

=tripe=, n.f., tripe; imitation velvet, velveteen.

=tripe-madame=, n.f., (—). V. =trique-madame=.

=tripée=, n.f., garbage, offal.

=triperie= (tri-prî), n.f., tripe-house, tripe-shop.

=tripette=, n.f., small tripe. Il ne vaut pas —; he is not worth a straw.

=triphtongue= (-tong), n.f., (gram.) triphthong.

=triphylle=, adj., (bot.) triphyllous.

=tripi-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., dealer in tripe.

=tripier=, adj., (hawking) untamable.

=triple=, n.m. and adj., treble; triple, threefold, treble, three times as much or as many; three times the number or quantity.

=triplement=, adv., trebly, triply.

=triplement=, n.m., trebling, tripling.

=tripler=, v.a. and n., to treble, to triple.

=triplicata=, n.m., triplicate. Faire un acte en —; to draw up a deed (in three copies).

=triplicité=, n.f., triplicity.

=tripoli=, n.m., tripoli; rotten-stone.

=tripolir=, v.a., to polish with rotten-stone.

=tripot=, n.m., gaming-house; pot-house; hell; house of ill-fame, brothel.

=tripotage=, n.m., medley, jumble; mish-mash; jobbing; underhand dealing; scandal; gossiping story.

=tripotée=, n.f., (pop.) a beating, a drubbing.

=tripoter=, v.a. and n., (fam.) to plot; to hatch, to brew mischief; to slander, to job; to make a mess of; to act in an underhand manner; (pers.) to pull about, to handle (roughly).

=tripoti-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f. (-tié, -tièr), low intriguer, slanderer; gambling-house keeper, brothel-keeper.

=tripsac=, n.m., (bot.) gama grass.

=triptère=, adj., three-winged.

=triptote=, n.m., (gram.) triptote.

=triptyque=, n.m., (paint.) triptych.

=trique=, n.f., cudgel; stick, bludgeon.

=triqueballe=, n.m. or f., (artil.) truck.

=trique-madame=, n.f., (—) (bot.) white stone-crop.

=triquer=, v.a., (pop.) to cudgel, to beat; (tech.) to sort, to range (timber); to mix.

=triquet=, n.m., tennis-bat; (tech.) trestle.

=triquetrac=, n.m., clatter.

*=trirègne=, n.m., tiara; pope’s triple crown.

=trirème=, n.f., trireme.

=trisaïeul=, n.m., great-great-grandfather.

=trisaïeule=, n.f., great-great-grandmother.

=trisection=, n.f., trisection.

=trismégiste=, n.m., (print.) two-line pica, double pica.

=trismus=, n.m., (med.) trismus, lock-jaw.

=trissement= (tris-mān), n.m., cry (of swallows).

=trissyllabe=, n.m. and adj., trisyllable; trisyllabic.

=triste=, adj., sorrowful, mournful, sad; melancholy; dull; dark, gloomy, dreary, dismal; (pers.) poor, sorry; mean, wretched, paltry. Une — nouvelle; a sad piece of news. Un — spectacle; a sad, or sorry, spectacle. Faire un — repas; to make a sorry meal. Le temps est —; the weather is dull. — comme un bonnet de nuit or comme un enterrement; (pers.) as dull as ditch-water.

=tristement=, adv., in a melancholy manner, sadly, sorrowfully, mournfully, drearily, dismally; sorrily, poorly; dully.

Les =tristes=, n.m.pl., Ovid’s Tristia.

=tristesse=, n.f., sadness, melancholy, dreariness, dullness, gloom, gloominess.

=triton=, n.m., Triton, sea-god; (mus.) tritone.

=tritoxyde=, n.m., (chem.) tritoxide.

=triturable=, adj., triturable.

=trituration=, n.f., trituration.

=triturer=, v.a., to triturate.

=triumvir= (-om-vir), n.m., (—s) triumvir.

=triumviral=, =-e=, adj., triumviral.

=triumvirat=, n.m., triumvirate.

=trivalve=, adj., (bot.) trivalvular.

=trivelin=, n.m., (l.u.) buffoon, merry-andrew; (tech.) dentist’s forceps.

=trivelinade=, n.f., (l.u.) buffoonery.

=triviaire=, adj., only used in Carrefour —; a place where three roads end; junction of three roads.

=trivial=, =-e=, adj. and n., trivial, trite, vulgar, slangy; trifling, light; triviality, vulgarity.

=trivialement= (-mān), adv., trivially, vulgarly.

=trivialité=, n.f., triviality, vulgarity, commonness; triteness.

=trivium= (-vio-m), n.m., (n.p.) trivium.

=trivoie=, n.f., junction of three roads.

=troc= (trok), n.m., swop, barter, exchange.

=trocart= or =trois-quarts=, n.m., (surg.) trocar.

=trochaïque= (-ka-ik), n.m. and adj., trochaic.

=trochanter= (-kan-tèr), n.m., (anat.) trochanter.

=trochée= (-shé), n.f., (agri.) brushwood, branches (of a seedling).

=trochée= (-shé), n.m., (poet.) trochee.

=trochereau=, n.m., long-leaved pine.

=troches= (trosh), n.m.pl., (hunt.) fumet, fewmet (the dung of deer).

=trochet= (-shè), n.m., cluster (of fruit or flowers); (tech.) block.

=trochile= (-kil), n.m., (arch.) trochilus; (orni.) trochil.

=trochisque= (-shisk), n.m., (pharm.) troche, cake (of colors).

=trochure= (-shur), n.f., (hunt.) cluster of horns, trochings, surantler.

=troène=, n.m., (bot.) privet.

=troglodyte=, n.m., troglodyte; (mam.) chimpanzee; (orni.) wren.

*=trogne=, n.f., face, phiz. — enluminée; large red face. — d’ivrogne; drunkard’s face.

*=trognon=, n.m., core (of a pear or apple); stump (of a cabbage). Un petit —; (pop.) a dear little girl; (pop.) head.

=trois=, n.m. and adj., three; third. Règle de —; rule of three.

=troisième=, n.m.f. and adj., third.

=troisième=, n.m., pupil of the 3d form (in a public school); third story, third floor (of houses).

=troisième=, n.f., third class of a college.

=troisièmement= (troa-zièm-mān), adv., thirdly.

=trois-mâts=, n.m., (—) (nav.) three-master.

=trois-ponts=, n.m., (nav.) three-decker.

=trois-quarts=, n.m., (—). V. =trocart=.

=trois-six=, n.m., (—) (com.) brandy or alcohol (36 deg.); raw spirits; common brandy.

=trôle=, n.f., used only in Ouvrier à la —; furniture hawker. Filet à la —; drag-net.

=trôlée=, n.f., company, set.

=trôler=, v.a. and n., to lead, or drag, somebody about; to stroll about, to ramble, to rove, to tramp about.

=trolle=, n.m., (bot.) globe-flower, trollius.

=trombe=, n.f., (phys.) water-spout.

=tromblon=, n.m., blunderbuss (fire-arm).

=trombone=, n.m., (mus.) trombone.

=tromboniste=, n.m., trombonist, trombone-player.

=trompe=, n.f., horn, trumpet, trump; proboscis, trunk (of elephants, of insects); (tech.) blast-engine; Jew’s-harp. —s de fallope; (anat.) Fallopian tubes.

=trompe-la-mort=, n.f., death’s match (person desperately ill who recovers, etc).

=trompe-l’œil=, n.m., (—) (paint.) still-life deception; (fig.) illusion, sham.

=tromper=, v.a., to deceive, to impose upon; to cheat, to baffle, to put out; to delude, to beguile; to take in; to impose on; to elude. — la loi; to elude the law. — la confiance de quelqu’un; to abuse any one’s confidence. — son ennui; to beguile one’s weariness. C’est ce qui vous trompe; there you are mistaken.

se =tromper=, v.r., to be mistaken, to mistake, to make a mistake; to deceive one’s self, to be deceived. Vous vous trompez; you are mistaken. À s’y —; enough to be mistaken, so as to take one for the other. Se — de chemin; to take the wrong road. Se — de livre; to take the wrong book. Se — de travail; to do the wrong work.

=tromperie= (trōn-prî), n.f., deception, cheating, fraud, deceit, imposition, illusion, delusion.

=trompeter=, v.n., to publish by sound of trumpet; to trumpet forth; to blab out, to publish; (of the eagle) to scream.

=trompeteur=, n.m., (anat.) buccinator.

=trompette=, n.f., (mus.) trumpet; (fig.) trumpeter, gossip, tell-tale; (conch.) trumpet-shell. — parlante; (l.u.) speaking-trumpet. V. =porte-voix=. — marine; one-stringed violoncello. — à clef; key-bugle. Sonner de la —; to blow the trumpet. En —; (of the nose) turned up. Sans —, sans tambour ni —; silently, quietly, without noise; privately. Déloger sans —; to decamp silently, without noise.

=trompette=, n.m., trumpeter.

=trompeu-r=, =-se=, n. and adj., deceiver, cheat; deluder, betrayer; deceitful, delusive, fallacious, beguiling, designing, cheating, false.

=trompeusement=, adv., deceitfully, deceptively.

*=trompillon=, n.m., (arch.) small pendentive.

=tronc= (tron), n.m., trunk, stem, stump; stock; poor box, box; (arch.) broken shaft (of a column, pillar); (geom.) frustum.

=troncature=, n.f., truncation.

=tronce=, n.f., stump (of a tree); Yule-log.

=tronchet=, n.m., cooper’s block.

=tronçon=, n.m., broken piece, fragment, stump; portion, section (of a line of railway).

=tronçonnement=, n.m., cutting up.

=tronçonner=, v.a., to truncate, to lop, to cut into long pieces, to cut up.

=trône=, n.m., throne.

=trôner=, v.n., to sit on a throne; (fig.) to lord it over.

=tronquer=, v.a., to mutilate, to truncate, to detruncate; (fig.) to garble, to mangle (book).

=trop=, adv., too much, too many, too, over. Par —; too much. Je ne sais (pas) —; I hardly know, I am not quite sure. Qui dit — ne dit rien; (prov.) who would prove too much, proves nothing. Pas — bon; not very good. Pas — bien; not very well. — peu; too little. De —; too much, too many, over. Être de —; to be one too many, not to be wanted. — de peine; too much trouble. — cuit; over-done. — plein; too full. Tuyau de — plein; waste-pipe.

=trop=, n.m., excess, exuberance, superfluity.

=trope=, n.m., (rhet.) trope.

=trophée=, n.m., trophy. Faire — d’une chose; to glory in a thing.

=tropical=, =-e=, adj., tropic, tropical. Plante —e; tropical plant.

=tropique=, n.m. and adj., tropic; tropical; (bot.) ☉diurnal. Année —; tropical year. Plante —; ☉diurnal plant.

=tropologique=, adj., tropological.

=trop-plein=, n.m., (—-—s) overflow, waste; overplus, surplus, excess.

=troquer=, v.a., to truck, to barter, to exchange, to chop and change, to swap. — son cheval borgne contre un aveugle; to change for the worse.

=troqueu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., barterer, trucker.

=trot=, n.m., trot.

=trotte=, n.f., trot, run, way, walk.

=trotte-chemin=, n.m., (—) (orni.). V. =traquet=.

=trotte-menu=, adj., slow-trotting.

=trotter=, v.n., to trot; to trot about, to run about, to go about; (of children) to toddle. Cette idée me trotte dans la tête; this idea keeps running into my head.

=trotter=, v.a., (man.) to cause to trot. — un cheval; to trot out a horse. Faire —; to put into a trot.

=trotterie= (tro-trî), n.f., excursion, jaunt, trip.

=trotteur=, n.m., trotter, adj., trotting.

☉=trotti-er=, =-ère=, adj., fond of walking.

=trottin=, n.m., errand-boy; ☉page. Aller chercher les pardons de Saint —; to take a walk instead of going to church.

=trottiner=, v.n., to go a jog trot; (pers.) to toddle along.

=trottoir=, n.m., foot-path, footway, sidewalk, foot-pavement (of streets). Faire le —; to walk the streets.

=trou=, n.m., hole, gap, orifice, mouth; (anat.) foramen, orifice; hazard (at tennis). — de la serrure; key-hole. — du chat; (nav.) lubber’s hole. — d’homme; man-hole. Boucher un —; to stop a hole, to fill a gap; to pay a debt or portion of a debt. Boire comme un —; to drink like a fish. N’avoir rien vu que par le — d’une bouteille; to have seen nothing of the world. Faire un — à la lune; to shoot the moon; to fly from one’s creditors.

=troubadour=, n.m., troubadour, bard.

=troublant=, =-e=, adj., disturbing, troubling, disquieting.

=trouble=, adj., thick, muddy, troubled, turbid, foul; dull, cloudy, overcast, dim. Avoir la vue —; to be dim-sighted. Pêcher en eau —; to fish in troubled waters; to take advantage of confusion or disorder.

=trouble=, adv., dimly, confusedly.

=trouble=, n.m., confusion, disorder, disturbance, agitation, turmoil; dispute, quarrel. pl., troubles, broils, commotions, disturbances, dissensions. —s civils; civil broils. Exciter des —s dans un Etat; to raise dissensions in a state.

=troublé=, =-e=, adj part., disturbed; confused, put out, abashed, bashful.

=trouble= or =truble=, n.f., hoop-net.

=troubleau=, n.m., small hoop-net.

=trouble-fête=, n.m., (—) mar-joy, troublesome guest.

=troublement=, n.m., confusion, disturbance.

=troubler=, v.a., to trouble, to make thick, to make muddy; to muddle, to turn; to disturb, to disorder, to distract, to confound, to agitate, to perplex, to disconcert, to unsettle; to unhinge; to put to trouble; to interrupt; to destroy the harmony of; to ruffle, to annoy, to discompose, to confuse; to dim, to dull. La peur lui trouble la raison; fear unhinges his mind. — quelqu’un; to put anyone out.

se =troubler=, v.r., to grow thick, to become thick, to grow muddy, to become muddy, to grow turbid, to become turbid; to turn, to become sour, to turn sour; to be confused, to be disconcerted, to become agitated; to become foggy, to be foggy, to become overcast, to get overcast, cloudy; to become confused, dim.

=trouée=, n.f., opening, gap, pass; large hole.

=trouer=, v.a., to bore, to perforate, to make a hole in; (tech.) to hole.

se =trouer=, v.r., to have a hole.

=trou-madame=, n.m., (—s-—) bagatelle, nine-holes (game).

=troupe=, n.f., troop, band, company, crew, gang, set; soldiery, soldiers; crowd (of children); flock. pl., troops, forces. Aller en —; to flock together. —s de terre; land-forces. —s de mer; sea-forces.

=troupeau=, n.m., flock, herd, drove. — de moutons; flock of sheep. — de gros bétail; drove of cattle.

=troupier=, n.m., soldier, trooper. Vieux —; old campaigner, veteran.

=trousse=, n.f., bundle, truss; (surg.) case of instruments; case (of a barber); ☉quiver. Être aux —s de l’ennemi; to be upon the enemy’s heels. Je suis à ses —s; I am after him.

=troussé=, =-e=, adj., tucked up. Bien —; well set up, neat, nice, well got up, well turned; dapper. Compliment bien —; well turned compliment.

=trousseau=, n.m., bunch (of keys); ☉small sheaf of arrows; trousseau (of a lady about to be married); outfit (of nuns, school-boarders, etc.); (anat.) fasciculus.

=trousse-col=, n.m., (—-—s). V. =torcol=.

=trousse-étriers=, n.m., (—) stirrup-leather.

=trousse-galant=, n.m., (n.p.) (fam.) cholera.

=trousse-pète=, n.f., (—) (pop.) hussy, jade.

=trousse-queue=, n.m., (—) (man.) tail-case.

=troussequin=, n.m., cantel, cantle (of a saddle).

=trousser=, v.a., to tie up, to tuck up, to turn up, to pin up; to truss; to dispatch (business); to hasten. — ses jupes; to tuck up one’s petticoats. — un poulet; to truss a chicken. — baggage or ses guenilles; to make off, to cut one’s sticks, to be off, to hook it, to cut it. — de la besogne; to get through a lot of work (quickly).

se =trousser=, v.r., to tuck up one’s clothes; to be tucked up.

=troussis=, n.m., tucking up, tuck.

=trouvable=, adj., that can be found, discoverable.

*=trouvaille=, n.f., thing found (by chance); godsend, windfall; discovery, hit, lucky hit. Faire une —; to make a discovery, to discover something.

=trouvé=, =-e=, part., found. Bien —; felicitous, happy, new, original (of words). Enfant —; foundling. Croire avoir trouvé la pie au nid; to have found a mare’s nest. Mot bien —; happy word, felicitous expression.

=trouver=, v.a., to find, to find out, to discover, to detect; to meet with, to meet, to light on, to hit upon, to come across; to like; to think, to deem, to deem it, to dream, to judge. Comment le trouvez-vous? how do you like it? Aller — or venir —; to go to, to go and see, to call or wait upon, to visit. Je lui trouve bon visage; I think he looks well. — à dire, or — à redire; to find fault with. — bon; to approve, to think fit. — mauvais; to blame, to dislike, to disapprove, to be displeased with. — beau, belle; to admire, to think handsome. Où avez-vous trouvé cela? what made you think of that? what put that in your head? Vous trouvez! that’s your opinion, is it!

se =trouver=, v.r., to find one’s self; to be present, to be, to be by; to feel, to feel one’s self, to prove, to turn out; to happen, to chance, to chance to be. Il s’est trouvé à cette action; he was in that action. Se — mal; to faint, to feel unwell, to be taken ill; to fare ill. Se — bien; to be well, to feel comfortable, to derive benefit from. Cela se trouve bien; that is lucky. Il se trouve; there is or there are; we find; it happens, or turns out.

=trouvère= or ☉=trouveur=, n.m., Trouvère, northern bard (name of old poets of the North of France).

=truand=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., adj., (pop.) (l.u.) vagrant, beggar, vagabond.

*=truandaille=, n.f., (pop.) (l.u.) vagrants, beggars, vagabonds.

=truander=, v.n., (pop.) (l.u.) to beg, to mump, to rove, to loaf.

=truanderie= (-an-drî), n.m., (pop.) (l.u.) mumping, begging; vagrancy, loafing.

=truble=, n.f. V. =trouble=.

=truc=, n.m., (thea.) machinery; (pop.) knack, dodge, trick. Il a le —; he has the knack of doing it, he is up to it. V. =truck=.

=trucage=, n.m., Jewing.

=trucheman= (trush-mān) or =truchement=, n.m., interpreter; dragoman, drogman.

☉=trucher=, v.n., (pop.) to beg from laziness.

☉=trucheu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., (pop.) beggar.

=truck= or =truc=, n.m., (railways) truck, trolley.

=truculent=, =-e=, adj. truculent.

=truelle=, n.f., trowel; fish-slice, fish-carver.

=truellée=, n.f., trowelful.

=truffe=, n.f., (bot.) truffle.

=truffer=, v.a., to stuff with truffles.

=truffière=, n.f., truffle-ground.

=truflier=, n.m., (bot.) privet.

=truie=, n.f., (mam.) sow.

=truisme=, n.m., truism.

=truite=, n.f., (ich.) trout. — saumonée; salmon trout. Vivier à —s; trout stream.

=truité=, =-e=, adj., spotted (porcelain); speckled; trout-colored (of dogs and horses). Fonte —e; (metal.) pig-iron spotted white and gray.

=trullisation=, n.f., (arch.) troweling.

=trumeau=, n.m., (arch.) pier; pier-glass; leg, or shin, of beef.

=trusquin=, n.m. V. =troussequin=.

=tsar=, n.m. V. =czar=.

=tsarien=, =tsarine=, =tsarowitz=. V. =czarien=, =czarine=, =czarowitz=.

=tu=, pron., thou, you. — es; thou art, you are. Être à — et à toi avec quelqu’un; to be on very familiar terms, or very intimate, with any one.

=tuable=, adj., fit for killing.

=tuage=, n.m., killing, slaughter (of an animal).

=tuant=, =-e=, adj., killing, toilsome, tiresome, laborious, tedious. C’est un homme —; he is a regular bore. V. =assommant=.

=tu-autem= (-ô-tèm), n.m., (n.p.) main thing, difficulty, rub.

=tube=, n.m., tube, pipe; (anat.) duct; (bot.) tube; (zoöl.) duct, tube.

=tuber=, v.a., to tube.

=tubercule=, n.m., (bot., med.) tubercle.

=tuberculé=, =-e=, adj., (med.) tuberculate, tubercled.

=tuberculeu-x=, =-se=, adj., tubercular, tuberculous; (bot.) tubercular, tuberculous, grained; (med.) tubercled, tubercular, tuberculous.

=tuberculisation=, n.f., (med.) formation and growth of tubercles.

=tubéreuse=, n.f., (bot.) tuberose.

=tubéreu-x=, =-se=, adj., (bot.) tuberous.

=tubérifère=, adj., tuberiferous.

=tubérosité=, n.f., (anat.) tuberosity.

=tubiforme=, adj., tubiform.

=tubulaire=, adj., tubular.

=tubule=, n.m., small tube, tubule.

=tubulé=, =-e=, adj., tubular, tubulated, tubulous.

=tubuleu-x=, =-se=, adj., tubulated, tubulous.

=tubulure=, n.f., (chem.) tubulature; (bot.) tubes, tubing.

=tudesque=, n.m. and adj., Teutonic, Germanic (language); inelegant, rough, coarse.

=tudieu=, int., zounds!

=tue-chien=, n.m., (—-—s) (bot.) meadow saffron, dog’s bane, colchicum.

=tuer=, v.a., to kill, to slay, to slaughter, to butcher; to kill, to tire to death, to be the death of; to while away. — des bœufs; to slaughter oxen. — le temps; to kill time. Se faire —; to get killed, to expose one’s life.

se =tuer=, v.r., to kill one’s self, to make away with one’s self, to commit suicide; (fig.) to wear one’s self out. Se — de peine; to work one’s self to death.

=tuer=, v.n., to kill, to be baneful (to); to tire, to be irksome.

=tuerie= (tû-rî), n.f., slaughter, massacre, butchery, carnage; slaughter-house.

à =tue-tête=, adv., (of shouting and quarreling) with all one’s might, as loud as one can, at the top of one’s voice.

=tueur=, n.m., killer, slayer. — de gens; bully, braggart.

=tuf=, n.m., (min.) tuff, tufa.

=tufacé=, =-e=, adj., (min.) tufaceous.

=tuffeau=, n.m., (min.) tuff, tufa.

=tufi-er=, =-ère=, adj., tufaceous.

=tuile=, n.f., tile. — faîtière; crest-tile; ridge-tile. — en S; pantile. — de Guienne; gutter-tile. — vernissée; glazed tile; (fig.) blow; hard luck, mishap.

=tuileau=, n.m., broken tile, shard.

=tuilerie= (tuil-rî), n.f., tile-works, tile-fields. Les —s; Tuileries, a palace in Paris.

=tuilier=, n.m., tile-maker.

=tulipe=, n.f., (bot.) tulip.

=tulipier=, n.m., (bot.) tulip-tree.

=tulle=, n.m., tulle, net.

=tulliste=, n.m.f., tulle-maker.

=tuméfaction=, n.f., (med.) tumefaction.

=tuméfier=, v.a., (med., surg.) to tumefy.

se =tuméfier=, v.r., (med., surg.) to tumefy.

=tumeur=, n.f., tumor. pl., (vet.) warbles.

=tumulaire=, adj., of the grave, sepulchral. Pierre —; tombstone.

=tumulte=, n.m., tumult, uproar, riot, hubbub, confusion.

=tumultuaire=, adj., tumultuary; against the law.

=tumultuairement= (-èr-mān), adv., in a tumultuary manner.

=tumultueusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., tumultuously.

=tumultueu-x=, =-se=, adj., tumultuous, riotous.

=tumulus= (-lus), n.m., tumulus, barrow; cairn; mound (burial-place).

=tungstène=, n.m. (n.p.), (chem.) tungsten.

=tunique=, n.f., tunic; (bot.) tunic; (anat.) tunic, coat, film; wall, coat (of the stomach); tunic (of the eye).

=tuniqué=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) tunicated.

=tunnel=, n.m., tunnel.

=tuorbe=, n.m. V. =téorbe=.

=turban=, n.m., turban. Prendre le —; to turn Mahometan.

=turbine=, n.f., (mec.) turbine.

=turbiné=, =-e=, adj., turbinate, turbinated.

=turbinite=, n.f., (conch.) turbinite, turbite.

=turbith=, n.m., (pharm.) turbith, turpeth. — minéral; turpeth mineral, subsulphate of mercury.

=turbot=, n.m., (ich.) turbot.

=turbotière= (ti-è-r), n.f., turbot-kettle.

=turbotin=, n.m., (ich.) young turbot.

=turbulemment= (-la-mān), adv., turbulently.

=turbulence=, n.f., turbulence, wildness.

=turbulent=, =-e=, adj., turbulent, noisy; rude, wild (of children).

=turc=, n.m., Turk; wood-worm. Se faire —; to turn Turk.

=tur-c=, =-que=, adj., Turkish.

=turcie=, n.f., (l.u.) dike, embankment.

=turcisme=, n.m., Turcism.

=turco=, n.m. (—s), turco (Algerian soldier).

=turcoin=, n.m., mohair.

=turelure= (tur-lur), n.f., tol de rol, fol de rol, words (burden of a song). C’est toujours la même —; it is always the same thing over and over again.

=turf=, n.m., (n.p.) turf.

=turfiste=, n.m., turfite.

=turgescence=, n.f., turgescence, turgidness.

=turgescent=, =-e=, adj., turgid, turgescent.

=turlupin=, n.m., punster; sorry jester.

=turlupinade=, n.f., sorry jesting; bad joke.

=turlupiner=, v.n., to pun (badly).

=turlupiner=, v.a., to laugh at, to turn into ridicule, to jeer (at), to banter, to provoke.

=turlurette=, n.f., kind of guitar (in use in the 14th century).

=turlut=, n.m., (orni.) titlark.

=turlututu!= int., hush! hush!

=turlututu=, n.m., (bot.) reed-pipe.

=turnep= (-nèp), n.m., field-turnip.

=turpitude=, n.f., turpitude, baseness, vileness, filthy language. Dire des —s; to tell filthy stories.

=turque=, n.f., Turkish woman.

=turquette=, n.f., (bot.) rupture-wort.

=turquin=, adj., dark (of blue); deep blue.

=turquoise=, n.f., turquoise.

=tussilage=, n.m., (bot.) colt’s-foot, horse-foot.

=tutélaire=, adj., tutelary, protecting, guardian.

=tutelle=, n.f., (jur.) tutelage, guardianship, protectorship; committeeship (of lunatics). Enfants en —; children under the care of a guardian, minors.

=tut-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., (jur.) guardian, trustee; protector; (hort.) prop.

=tutie= (-tî), n.f., (chem.) tutty.

=tutoiement= or =tutoîment= (-toa-mān), n.m., theeing and thouing, saying thou and thee.

=tutoyer=, v.a., to thee and thou.

se =tutoyer=, v.r., to thee and thou each other; to be on familiar terms.

=tutrice=, n.f. V. =tuteur=.

=tuyau=, n.m., pipe, tube, tunnel, funnel; barrel (of a quill); stalk (of corn); stalk, stem (of feathers); nozzle (of bellows, of candlesticks); shank, stem (of tobacco-pipes); goffering (of frills, etc.). — aspirant; suction pipe. — atmospherique; vacuum-pipe. — de conduite; delivery-pipe. — de dégagement de la vapeur; waste steam-pipe. — d’embranchement; branch-pipe. — de trop-plein; waste-pipe. — de descente; stack-pipe. — de la cheminée; flue of the chimney. — de cheminée; chimney flue.

=tuyautage=, n.m., goffering, quilling, fluting.

=tuyauter=, v.a., to goffer, to frill, to plate (frills, linen, etc.).

=tuyauterie= (tui-io-trî), n.f., system of pipes; pipe-store; pipe-trade.

=tuyère= (tu-iè-r), n.f., tue-iron; tewel; blast-pipe.

=tympan=, n.m., (anat.) tympanum; drum of the ear; (print., arch., mec.) tympan; spandrel (of bridges).

=tympaniser=, v.a., (fam.) to run down, to inveigh against, to decry, to lampoon, to traduce.

=tympanite=, n.f., tympanite, tympany; wind (in horses).

=tympanon=, n.m., (mus.) dulcimer.

=type=, n.m., type, model; symbol; emblem; standard, character; (astron.) plan drawing; (print.) type. C’est un véritable —; (fig.) he is quite a character. Quel — d’homme! what a character!

=typha=, n.m., (bot.) reed-mace, Indian grass.

=typhoïde=, adj., (med.) typhoid, typhus.

=typhon=, n.m., (phys.) water-spout; typhoon.

=typhus= (-fus), n.m., (med.) typhus, typhus fever, camp-fever, gaol-fever. — du gros bétail; cattle-plague.

=typique=, adj., typic, typical, emblematic, emblematical, symbolical.

=typographe=, n.m., typographer, printer.

=typographie=, n.f., typography; printing; printing-office.

=typographique=, adj., typographical. Caractères —s; printing-type.

=typographiquement= (-fik-mān), adv., typographically.

=tyran=, n.m., tyrant, despot, oppressor. Cette femme est un vrai —; that woman is a regular shrew.

=tyranneau= (-ra-nô), n.m., petty tyrant.

=tyrannicide= (-ra-ni-), n.m., tyrannicide.

=tyrannie= (-ra-nî), n.f., tyranny, oppression. S’affranchir de la —; to free one’s self from tyranny; to throw off the yoke of tyranny.

=tyrannique=, adj., tyrannical.

=tyranniquement= (-ra-nik-mān), adv., tyrannically.

=tyranniser= (-ra-ni-), v.a., to tyrannize (over), to oppress.

=tyrolienne=, n.f., mountain song (dance or waltz popular in the Tyrol).

=tzar=, n.m. V. =czar=.

=tzigane=, n.m.f., gypsy (Hungarian).

U

=u=, n.m., the twenty-first letter of the alphabet, u.

=ubiquiste= (-kuist), n.m., (ecc. hist.) Ubiquist.

=ubiquitaire= (-kui-), n.m., (ecc. hist.) Ubiquitarian, Ubiquitary. adj., ubiquitous, omnipresent.

=ubiquité= (-kui-), n.f., ubiquity.

=udomètre=, n.m., (phys.) udometer, pluviometer, rain-gauge.

=uhlan=, n.m., (—s) uhlan (German lancer).

=ukase=, n.m., ukase (edict of the Emperor of Russia).

=ulcération=, n.f., (med.) ulceration.

=ulcère=, n.m., ulcer.

=ulcéré=, =-e=, part., (med.) ulcerated, gangrened; (fig.) embittered, full of deep resentment, cankered.

=ulcérer=, v.a., to ulcerate; (fig.) to exasperate, to embitter, to provoke, to incense.

s’=ulcérer=, v.r., (med.) to ulcerate, to exulcerate.

=ulcéreu-x=, =-se=, adj., (med.) ulcerous.

=uléma=, n.m., (—s) ulema (in Turkey a doctor of law).

=ulex=, n.m., (bot.) ulex, whin, gorse.

=uligineu-x=, =-se=, adj., (bot.) uliginous.

=ulmaire=, n.f., (bot.) common meadow-sweet.

=ulmine=, n.f., (chem.) ulmine.

=ulmique=, adj., (chem.) ulmic. Acide —; ulmic acid.

=ultérieur=, =-e=, adj., ulterior, subsequent; further.

=ultérieurement= (-eur-mān), adv., subsequently, later, beyond, further, besides.

=ultimatum= (-to-m), n.m., (—s) ultimatum.

=ultra=, n.m., (—s) ultra (person of violent opinions).

=ultraïsme=, n.m., ultraism.

=ultra-mondain=, =-e= (-dīn, -dè-n), adj., ultra-mundane.

=ultramontain=, =-e= (-tīn, -tè-n), n. and adj., ultramontane; tramontane.

=ultramontanisme=, n.m., ultramontanism.

=ultrazodiacal=, adj., (astron.) ultrazodiacal (applied to those planets, the orbit of which is not limited to the width of the zodiac).

=ululation=, n.f., ululation; howling, hooting.

=ululer=, v.n., to ululate, to hoot, to howl.

=umble=, n.m., (ich.) umber, char or charr, grayling.

=un=, n.m., one; unit.

=un=, =-e=, pron., one. — pour cent; one per cent. L’— vaut l’autre; one is as good as the other. L’— après l’autre; one after another. — à —; one by one. Les —s disent oui, les autres disent non; some say yes, the others say no. L’— ou l’autre; either, the one or the other. L’— et l’autre; both. Les —s et les autres; all, all together. Ni l’— ni l’autre; neither the one nor the other, neither. L’— portant l’autre; (taking) one with another, on an average. En donner d’—e à quelqu’un; to take any one in. N’en faire ni —e ni deux; to make no bones about; not to hesitate, to decide there and then. C’est tout —; it matters not, it is all one.

=un=, =-e=, art., a, an, any.

=un=, =-e=, adj., one. Sur les —e heure; about one o’clock.

=unanime=, adj., unanimous.

=unanimement= (-nim-mān), adv., unanimously.

=unanimité=, n.f., unanimity.

=unau=, n.m., (mam.) sloth.

=unciale= (ōn-), adj.f. V. =onciale=.

=undécennal=, =-e=, adj., undecennial.

=unguis= (on-gu-iss), n.m., (anat.) unguis.

=unguiculé=, =-e=, adj., unguiculate, unguiculated.

=uni=, =-e=, adj., united; smooth, even, level; plain, simple, unaffected; uniform. Chemin —; level road. Du linge —; plain linen. ☉À l’—, adv., level. Etoffe —e; plain material. Les Etats —s; The United States.

=unicorne=, n.m., unicorn; sea-unicorn, narwhal, narwal.

=unième=, adj., first. [Only used in vingt et —, trente et —, etc.; 21st, 31st, etc.]

=unièmement= (-èm-mān), adv., firstly. [Only used when preceded by 20, 30, 40, etc.]

=unification=, n.f., unification, amalgamation.

=unifier=, v.a., to amalgamate, to unite.

=uniflore=, adj., (bot.) uniflorous.

=uniforme=, adj., uniform. D’—; regimental.

=uniforme=, n.m., uniform; uniform, regimentals. Quitter l’—; to quit the service. Grand —; full-dress uniform.

=uniformément=, adv., uniformly.

=uniformité=, n.f., uniformity.

=unilatéral=, adj., (bot.) unilateral; (of contracts) binding on one party only.

=uniloculaire=, adj., (bot.) unilocular.

=uniment=, adv., evenly, even, smoothly; plainly, simply. Tout —; simply, plainly, and no more.

=uninominal=, =-e=, adj., of one name.

=union=, n.f., union, conjunction; concord, agreement, harmony, blending, mixture; (jur.) deed of agreement; (jur.) concurrence.

=unionisme=, n.m., unionism.

=unipare=, adj., uniparous.

=unipersonnel=, =-le=, adj., (gram.) unipersonal, impersonal.

=unique=, adj., only, sole; single, unique; matchless, unrivaled; unparalleled, unprecedented; odd, singular. Fils —; only son.

=uniquement= (u-nik-mān), adv., only, solely; above the rest; above all things.

=unir=, v.a., to unite, to join, to combine; to smooth, to level, to plane, to make smooth; to pair.

s’=unir=, v.r., to unite, to be united, to join together, to coalesce.

=unisexué=, =-e= (-ni-cèksué), or =unisexuel=, =-le= (-ni-cèksu-èl), adj., (bot.) unisexual.

=unisson=, n.m., (mus.) unison, keeping, harmony, concert. Deux cordes à l’—; two strings in unison. À l’—; in unison, in concert.

=unitaire=, n.m.f. and adj., Unitarian.

=unitarisme=, n.m., unitarianism.

=unité=, n.f., unity, unit; unity, concord, agreement.

=uniti-f=, =-ve=, adj., (theol.) of pure love.

=univalve=, adj., (bot., conch.) univalve, univalvular.

=univers=, n.m., universe.

=universaliser=, v.a., to make universal.

=universalité=, n.f., universality, generality.

=universaux=, n.m.pl. of =universel=, n., q.v.

=universel=, =-le=, adj., universal; residuary sole (of legatees).

=universel=, n.m., (universaux) (log.) predicable, universal.

=universellement= (-sèl-mān), adv., universally, generally.

=universitaire=, adj., of, or belonging to, the university; academic.

=université=, n.f., university.

=univocation=, n.f., univocation.

=univoque=, adj., univocal.

=upas= (u-pâs), n.m., (bot.) poison-tree, bohun upas.

=urane= or =uranium= (-nio-m), n.f., (min.) uranite, uranium.

=uranie=, (astron.) Urania; (bot.) traveler’s tree.

=uranographie=, n.f., uranography.

=uranographique=, adj., uranographic, uranographical.

=uranoscope=, n.m., (ich.) uranoscopus.

=uranus= (-nus), n.m., (astron.) Uranus, (Georgium Sidus).

=urate=, n.m., (chem.) urate.

=urbain=, =-e= (-bin, -bè-n), adj., urban.

=urbaine=, n.f., hackney carriage (sort of).

=urbains=, n.m.pl., townspeople.

=urbanité=, n.f., urbanity.

=urcéolé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) urceolate.

=ure=, =aurochs=, or =urus=, n.m., (mam.) ure, ure-ox, urus.

=urédo=, n.m., (bot.) uredo.

=urée=, n.f., (chem.) urea.

=uretère=, n.m., (anat.) ureter.

=urètre= or =urèthre=, n.m., (anat.) urethra.

=urgence=, n.f., urgency. D’—; urgent, immediate; in case of urgency.

=urgent=, =-e=, adj., urgent, cogent, pressing.

=urinaire=, adj., urinary.

=urinal=, n.m., urinal.

=urine=, n.f., urine, chamber-lye; stale (of animals).

=uriner=, v.n., to urine, to make water; to stale (of animals).

=urineu-x=, =-se=, adj., urinous.

=urinoir=, n.m., urinary, urinal.

=urique=, adj., (chem.) uric.

=urne=, n.f., urn; ballot-box. — de scrutin or — électorale; ballot-box.

=ursuline=, n.f., Ursuline nun, Ursuline.

=urticaire=, n.f., (med.) urticaria, nettle-rash.

=urtication=, n.f., (surg.) urtication.

=urticées=, n.f.pl., (bot.) nettle tribe, urticaceæ.

=urus=, n.m. V. =ure=.

=us=, n.m., (n.p.) used only in; un savant en —; a man learned in Latin; Latin scholar.

=us= (us), n.m.pl., (n.s.) usage, use, way. Les — et coutumes; the ways and customs.

=usage=, n.m., custom, practice, use, usage; wear (of clothes). pl., church-books. L’— le veut ainsi; custom will have it so. Cela est hors d’—; that’s out of use. Mettre une chose en —; to use a thing. Hors d’—; obsolete. Peu en —; little used. Mettre tout en —; to spare no pains, to use every endeavor. L’— du monde; knowledge of the world; ways of the world. Avoir de l’—; to have manners, a certain breeding.

=usager=, n.m., (jur.) commoner.

=usance=, n.f., (com.) usance. À l’—; at usance.

=usante=, adj.f., (jur.) (of spinsters) making use of, using.

=usé=, =-e=, adj., worn out, threadbare; stale, common, trite, hackneyed. Conte —; stale story.

=user=, v.n., to use, to make use of. — de violence; to use violence. — de douceur; to use gentle means. En — bien avec quelqu’un; to use, or treat, any one well. En — mal avec quelqu’un; to use, or treat, any one ill. En — bien, en — mal; to make a good, or bad, use of.

=user=, v.a., to use, to consume; to wear out, to wear off; to use up, to spend, to waste; to wear away; to wear down; (surg.) to eat off, to consume. — des souliers; to wear out shoes. — ses yeux; to impair one’s sight (by reading, etc.).

s’=user=, v.r., to wear out; to be worn out, to be used, to be consumed; to waste, to decay; to be spent.

=user=, n.m., wear, service. Ce drap est d’un bon —; this cloth wears well. On ne connaît les gens qu’à l’—; (fig.) it takes time to know people. Être bon à l’—; to improve on acquaintance.

=usine=, n.f., works, mills, manufactory, factory.

=usinier=, n.m., manufacturer, mill-owner.

=usité=, =-e=, adj., usual; customary; used, in use. Ce mot n’est guère —; that word is seldom used.

=usquebac= (us-kĕ-bak), n.m., usquebaugh (spirits).

=ustensile=, n.m., utensil; tool, implement. —s de cuisine; kitchen utensils.

=ustion= (u-sti-on), n.f., ustion, combustion.

=usuel=, =-le=, adj., usual, customary, ordinary, common.

=usuellement= (-èl-mān), adv., usually, customarily.

=usufructuaire=, adj., (jur.) usufructuary.

=usufruit=, n.m., (jur.) usufruct, use.

=usufruiti-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f. (-tié, -tiè-r), usufructuary, tenant for life.

=usufruit-ier=, =-ière=, adj., (jur.) usufructuary.

=usuraire=, adj., usurious.

=usurairement= (-rèr-mān), adv., usuriously.

=usure=, n.f., usury, unlawful interest; wearing, wear, wear and tear. Prêter à —; to lend upon usury. Rendre avec —; to return with interest.

=usuri-er= (-rié), n.m., =-ère= (-riè-r), n.f., usurer.

=usurpat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., usurper.

=usurpation=, n.f., usurpation, encroachment.

=usurper=, v.a. and n., to usurp; to encroach.

=ut= (ut), n.m., (mus.) ut, do, C.

=utérin=, =-e=, adj., (med.) uterine; (jur.) uterine, on the mother’s side.

=utérins=, n.m.pl., (jur.) brothers of the half blood, by the same venter; brothers and sisters of the half blood, by the same venter.

=utérus= (-rus), n.m., womb, matrix, uterus.

=utile=, adj., useful, of use, advantageous; expedient, proper, due, beneficial; profitable, serviceable; subservient. En temps —; in proper, or due, or good, time.

=utile=, n.m., utility, usefulness. Joindre l’— à l’agréable; to combine utility and pleasure.

=utilement= (u-til-mān), adv., usefully, profitably, beneficially, advantageously.

=utiliser=, v.a., to find use for, to turn to account, to make use of, to avail one’s self of. S’—, to be utilized.

=utilitaire=, n.m. and adj., utilitarian.

=utilité=, n.f., utility, use, usefulness, benefit, profit, service, avail, advantage, purpose; (thea.) utility (actor). But d’—; purpose, useful end.

=utopie=, n.f., utopia.

=utopique=, adj., utopian.

=utopiste=, n.m.f. and adj., utopist; utopian.

=utricule=, n.m., utricle.

=utriculé=, =-e=, adj., utricular.

=uvée=, n.f., (anat.) uvea.

=uvelte=, n.f., (bot.) sea-grape.

=uviforme=, adj., uviform, grape-shaped.

=uvulaire=, adj., (anat.) uvular.

V

=v=, n.m., the twenty-second letter of the alphabet, v.

=v=, (initial letter of voir, to see). V., vide.

=va=, imperative of aller, to go. — pour cela; I consent to it; done, agreed.

=va=, n.m., va (at basset, faro).

=vacance=, n.f., vacancy. pl., vacation, holidays; recess (of parliament). Entrer en —s; to break up (of schools).

=vacant=, =-e=, adj., vacant, unfilled, unoccupied, empty; (jur.) in abeyance, unclaimed.

=vacarme=, n.m., hubbub, tumult, uproar. Faire du —; to kick up a shindy; to create a disturbance.

=vacation=, n.f., attendance, sitting (of public officers); day’s sale (of auctions); vacation (of courts); ☉trade, profession. — avenante; in case of a vacancy.

=vaccin=, n.m., (med.) vaccine matter, vaccine; lymph.

=vaccinal=, =-e=, adj., vaccinal, vaccine.

=vaccinateur=, n.m., vaccinator.

=vaccination=, n.f., vaccination.

=vaccine=, n.f., vaccinia, cow-pox; vaccination.

=vacciner=, v.a., to vaccinate.

=vache=, n.f., (mam.) cow; cow-hide (prepared for use). Etable à —s; cow-house, cow-stable or shed. — à lait; milk cow, milch cow, dairy cow. Manger de la — enragée; to endure great hardships, to rough it. Le grand chemin des —s; the beaten track. Le plancher des —s; dry land, terra firma. Parler français comme une — enragée; to murder the French language.

=vach-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., cowherd, cow-keeper, neat-herd.

=vacherie= (va-shrî), n.f., cow-house.

=vaciet=, n.m., (bot.) grape-hyacinth.

=vacillant=, =-e= (-sil-lān, -t), adj., vacillating; reeling, staggering, tottering; wavering, uncertain, undecided; (bot.) versatile; (fig.) flickering (of light).

=vacillation= (-sil-la-), n.f., vacillation; wavering, flickering (of light).

=vaciller= (-sil-lé), v.n., to vacillate; to waver; to reel, to stagger; (fig.) to flicker (of light).

=vacuité=, n.f., vacuity, emptiness.

=vade=, n.f., vade, stake (at play).

=vademanque=, n.f., (banking) decrease of money in reserve.

=vade-mecum= (va-dé-mé-ko-m), n.m. (—), vade-mecum, manual.

=va-et-vient=, n.m. (—), (mec.) reciprocating motion, swing, sweep, see-saw motion; (fig.) oscillation; (nav.) small ferry-boat; pass-rope, traversing gear.

=vagabond=, =-e=, n. and adj., vagabond, vagrant; wandering.

=vagabondage=, n.m., vagrancy; roguery.

=vagabonder= or ☉=vagabonner=, v.n., to be a vagabond, to wander, to roam, to tramp about.

=vagant=, n.m., wrecker.

=vagin=, n.m., (anat.) vagina.

=vaginal=, =-e=, adj., (anat.) vaginal.

=vagir=, v.n., (of infants) to wail, to mewl, to pule.

=vagissant=, adj., mewling, wailing, puling.

=vagissement=, n.m., crying, wailing, mewling (of infants).

=vague= (vag), n.f., wave, billow, surge.

=vague=, adj., vague, indeterminate, loose, uncertain; faint, indistinct, hazy; empty. Terres —s; waste-land.

=vague=, n.m., vagueness, looseness; uncertainty; space, empty space, emptiness; void, vacuum.

=vaguement= (vag-mān), adv., vaguely.

=vaguemestre= (vag-mès-tr), n.m., (milit.) wagon-master, baggage-master, paymaster, orderly, post-sergeant; (nav.) postman.

=vaguer= (va-ghé), v.n., to ramble, to rove, to range about, to wander, to stray, to straggle. v.a., to mash (in brewing).

=vaguesse=, n.f., (paint.) lightness, airiness.

=vaigrage=, n.m., (nav.) outer-planking, ceiling, wale.

=vaigre=, n.f., (nav.) plank (for ceiling).

*=vaillamment= (va-ia-mān), adv., valiantly, valorously, courageously, stoutly.

*=vaillance=, n.f., valiance, valor, courage, bravery.

*=vaillant=, =-e=, adj., valiant, valorous, brave, courageous, gallant.

*=vaillant=, n.m., all a man is worth, one’s substance. Tout son —; one’s all.

*=vaillant=, adv., worth, value. N’avoir pas un sou —; not to be worth a penny (of a person). Il n’a rien —; he is penniless. Il a dix mille écus —; he is worth 30,000 francs.

☉*=vaillantise=, n.f., (fam.) prowess, valorous deed.

=vain=, =-e= (vin, vè-n), adj., vain, fruitless, ineffectual, unprofitable; empty, shadowy, foolish, trifling, frivolous; vainglorious, presumptuous, self-conceited. En —; vainly, in vain, to no purpose. Homme —; vain, conceited man.

=vaincre= (vainquant, vaincu), v.a., to vanquish, to conquer, to overcome, to master, to defeat, to get the better of; to outdo, to surpass, to excel. Se laisser —; to give way to, to yield. Se laisser — à la pitié; to be moved to pity.

se =vaincre=, v.r., to conquer one’s self; to conquer one’s passions.

=vaincre=, v.n., to win; to be victorious.

=vaincu=, n.m., conquered, vanquished (enemy).

=vainement= (vè-n-mān), adv., vainly, in vain, fruitlessly; to no purpose.

=vainqueur=, n.m. and adj., vanquisher, conqueror, subduer, victor, overcomer; prize-winner, prize-man, prize-boy, prize-holder; conquering, victorious, triumphant.

=vair=, n.m., (her.) vair.

=vairé=, =-e=, adj., (her.) vairy.

=vairon=, adj., silver-eyed (of horses); (pers.) wall-eyed, odd-eyed. Œil —; wall-eye.

=vairon=, n.m., (ich.) minnow.

=vaisseau=, n.m., ship, vessel; structure, fabric; pile (inside of a building); (anat.) vessel, tube; (bot.) duct. pl., (nav.) shipping. — d’approvisionnement; victualing-ship. — marchand; merchantman. — de guerre; man-of-war. — à deux ponts; two-decker. — de la marine royale; His, Her, Majesty’s ship. — frégate; frigate-built ship. — de compagnie; (nav.) good company keeper. — école; training-ship. — armé en guerre; armed ship.

=vaisselle=, n.f., plates and dishes; plate (of gold or silver). — de terre; earthenware. — d’or; gold plate. — d’argent; silver plate. — ciselée; carved plate. — plate; (of gold or silver) plate.

=vaissellerie=, n.f., pots and pans.

=val=, n.m., valley, vale, dale. Par monts et par vaux; up hill and down dale.

=valable=, adj., valid, good for.

=valablement=, adv., validly.

=valenciennes=, n.f., valenciennes (lace).

=valériane=, n.f., (bot.) valerian.

=valet=, n.m., footman, valet; knave (at cards); door weight; hold-fast (of a joiner); support (of a looking-glass). — de pied; footman. — de chambre; valet. — de bourreau; assistant-executioner, aid. Faire le bon —; to be officious. Maître —; (agri.) headman. — de ferme; farm-servant. — de chiens; whipper-in. Tel maître, tel —; like master, like man. C’est un — de cartes; (fig.) he is a nobody, a contemptible fellow. Il n’y a pas de grand homme pour son — de chambre; no man is a hero to his valet. On ne prend pas de — pour se servir soi-même; what! keep a dog and bark thyself!

=valetage= (val-taj), n.m., duty of a valet, drudgery.

*=valetaille= (val-tâ-i), n.f., pack of men-servants, footmen, flunkies, lackeys, menials.

=valet-à-patin=, n.m., (—s-—) (surg.) forceps (for ligatures).

=valeter= (val-té), v.n., to cringe, to dance attendance, to fawn upon.

=valétudinaire=, n.m.f. and adj., valetudinary, valetudinarian, invalid.

=valeur=, n.f., value, worth, consideration; import, meaning. pl., (com.) bills, paper, stocks, shares, securities; valor, bravery, courage, gallantry. Être en —; to bear a good price. Être de nulle —; to be of no value, to be valueless. Abaisser la —; to depreciate. — en espèces; value in cash. —s mobilières; transferable securities. Mettre en —; to improve (land).

=valeureusement= (-reûz-mān), adv., valiantly, valorously, bravely, courageously.

=valeureu-x=, =-se=, adj., valiant, valorous, brave, courageous, gallant.

=validation=, n.f., (jur.) validation, rendering valid.

=validé=, n.f., (n.p.) the title of the Sultan’s mother.

=valide=, n.m. and adj., person in health; healthy; in health, valid, good.

=validement= (-lid-mān), adv., (jur.) validly.

=valider=, v.a., to validate, to confirm, to ratify, to make valid.

=validité=, n.f., validity, validness.

=valise=, n.f., valise, portmanteau.

=valisnère= or =valisnérie=, n.f., (bot.) frogbit.

=valkyrie=, n.f., (—s) Scandinavian myth, valkyrie, goddess, wish-maiden.

=vallaire=, adj., (antiq.) vallary, vallar. Couronne —; vallary crown.

=vallée=, n.f., valley, vale.

=vallon=, n.m., dale, vale, small valley.

=valoir= (valant, valu), v.n., to be worth, to be as good as, to be equal to; to yield, to bring, to win for, to procure. — mieux; to be better, to be preferable. Il vaut mieux ne pas y aller; it is better not to go there. Cela ne vaut rien; that is good for nothing. Cet habit ne vaut plus rien; this coat is quite worn out. Cela ne vaut pas la peine d’y penser; that is not worth a moment’s thought. Il ne vaut pas la peine qu’on lui réponde; he is not worth answering. Vous ne faites rien qui vaille; nothing you do is worth anything; you do nothing to speak of. Chaque chose vaut son prix; everything has its price. Cela vaut son pesant d’or; that is worth its weight in gold. Faire — une terre; to improve, to cultivate, an estate. Faire — son argent; to turn one’s money to account, to put it out at interest. Faire — son talent; to turn one’s talent to account. Faire — sa marchandise; to set off one’s goods. Il fait bien — ce qu’il sait; he makes the best of his knowledge. Faire — son droit; to assert, or maintain, one’s right. Se faire —; to push one’s self forward, to brag too much. Cela vaut fait; that’s as good as done. Vaille que vaille; at all events, for better or worse. Que lui a valu son ambition? what has his ambition brought him, or won for him?

=valonnement=, n.m., disposing in vales.

ad =valorem=, adj., (com.) ad valorem.

=valse=, n.f., waltz.

=valser=, v.n., to waltz.

=valseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., waltzer, dancer, partner (in a dance).

=value=, n.f., value. Plus-—; superior value. Moins-—; inferior value.

=valvaire=, adj., (bot.) valvate.

=valve=, n.f., valve; (tech.) clack, or trap, door.

=valvé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) valved, valvate.

=valvule=, n.f., (anat.) valvule.

=vampire=, n.m., vampire.

=van=, n.m., (agri.) fan, van; winnowing-baskets.

=vandale=, n.m. and adj., Vandal; vandalic.

=vandalisme=, n.m., vandalism.

=vandoise=, n.f., (ich.) dart; dace.

*=vanille=, n.f., (bot.) vanilla, vanilla-tree; (bot.) vanilla (fruit).

*=vanillier=, n.m., (bot.) vanilla-tree, vanilla.

=vanité=, n.f., vanity, self-conceit. Que vous avez de —! how full of vanity you are! Faire — d’une chose; to be proud of a thing. Sans —; vanity apart.

=vaniteu-x=, =-se=, adj., vainglorious, absurdly vain.

=vannage=, n.m., (agri.) winnowing; (hydraul.) system of water-gates in a dam, etc.

=vanne=, n.f., water-gate, sluice, sluice-gate; paddle-door. adj. Eaux —s; waste waters (from factories, etc.).

=vanneau=, n.m., (orni.) lapwing, peewit, plover.

=vanner=, v.a., to winnow, to fan, to sift, to hull; (hydraul.) to make, or to place, water-gates in dams, etc.

=vannerie= (va-n-rî), n.f., basket-trade; basket-work.

=vannet=, n.m., scallop, scollop (shell-fish).

=vannette=, n.f., server, flat basket (to give horses their corn). — crible; oat-sieve.

=vanneur=, n.m., winnower.

=vannier=, n.m., basket-maker.

*=vantail=, n.m., leaf of a folding-door; window-shutter; lock-gate. Fermer les vantaux; to shut the folding-doors.

=vantard=, =-e=, n. and adj., boaster, bragger, braggart; boasting, boastful; bragging.

=vantardise=, n.f., (fam.) habitual boasting, bragging.

=vanter=, v.a., to vaunt, to cry up, to praise up, to extol.

se =vanter=, v.r., to boast, to vaunt, to brag; to praise one’s self; to plume one’s self upon. Il n’y a pas de quoi se —; there is nothing to brag of.

=vanterie= (vān-trî), n.f., boasting, bragging, vaunting; brag, boast.

☉=vanteur=, n.m. V. =vantard=.

=va-nu-pieds=, n.m. and f., (—) tatterdemalion, ragged rascal, ragamuffin, waif and stray; vagabond, beggar.

=vapeur=, n.f., vapor, fume, steam, damp, exhalation. pl., vapors, hysterics. À la —; by steam. Bateau à —; steam-boat, steamer. Remorqueur à —; steam-tug. Chaudière à —; steam-boiler. Machine à —; steam-engine. Registre de —; throttle-valve (of a steam-engine). En —; with the steam on. À toute —; at full speed. Mettre en —; to put the steam on, to get up steam. On est en pleine —; steam is up.

=vapeur=, n.m., steamer. — poste; mail-steamer.

=vaporeu-x=, =-se=, adj., vaporous, vaporish; (paint.) aërial.

=vaporisation=, n.f., vaporization.

=vaporiser=, v.a., to vaporize.

se =vaporiser=, v.r., to vaporize, to be vaporized.

=vaquer= (va-ké), v.n., to be vacant, void, empty; to be in vacation-time, not to sit; to attend, to devote one’s self to. Il vaque à ses affaires; he is attending to his business.

*=varaigne=, n.f., tide-sluice (of salt marshes).

=varaire=, n.f., (bot.) white hellebore.

=varangue= (-rāng), n.f., (nav.) floor-timbers of a ship. — plate or — de fond; flat floor-timber. — fort acculée; rising floor-timber (amidships).

=vare=, n.f., Spanish measure of length, about a yard.

=varec= or =varech=, n.m., (bot.) varec, wrack, sea-wrack, sea-weed; (jur.) wreck (things washed upon the shore by the sea); sunken ship.

=varenne=, n.f., waste-land; (hunt.) ☉chase, royal preserve.

=vareuse=, n.f., oil-skin (jacket); pilot-jacket; jersey, blazer.

=variabilité=, n.f., variableness, variability, changeableness; (alg.) variability.

=variable=, adj., variable, changeable, fickle, unsettled, unsteady. La fortune est —; fortune is fickle. Pouls —; changeable pulse.

=variable=, n.m., variable, change. Le baromètre est au —; the barometer is at change.

=variant=, =-e=, adj., (l.u.) variable, fickle.

=variante=, n.f., different reading, or interpretation; various, or different, spelling; alteration, difference (in different editions of a book), etc.

=variation=, n.f., variation, variety, change, changeableness; alteration.

=varice=, n.f., (med.) varix, varicose vein.

=varicelle=, n.f., (med.) varicella, swine-pox.

=varicocèle=, n.f., (med.) varicocele.

=varier=, v.a., to vary, to variegate, to diversify. — la phrase; to say the same thing in other words.

=varier=, v.n., to vary, to change, to be changeable; to disagree, to be at variance; to be fickle.

=variété=, n.f., variety, diversity, change. pl., miscellanea; varieties; medley; extracts.

ne =varietur= (né varié-tur), (jur.) in order that no change may be made; “final edition” of an author’s works.

=variole=, n.f., small-pox, variola.

=varioleu-x=, =-se=, adj. and n., (a person) suffering from small-pox.

=variolique=, adj., (med.), variolous, variolar, variolic.

=variolite=, n.f., (min.) variolite.

=varioloïde=, n.f., (med.) varioloid, chicken-pox.

=variorum=, n.m. and adj., (—) variorum. Edition —; variorum edition.

=variqueu-x=, =-se=, adj., varicose, varicous.

☉=varlet=, n.m., varlet, page.

=varlope=, n.f., jointer, jointing-plane.

=vasculaire= or (l.u.) =vasculeu-x=, =-se=, adj., (anat.) vascular.

=vase=, n.m., vase, vessel, urn. —s antiques; antique vases. —s étrusques; Etruscan vases. —s cinéraires; funeral urns. — de nuit; chamber utensil.

=vase=, n.f., slime, mud, mire, ooze, silt.

=vaseu-x=, =-se=, adj., slimy, muddy, miry, silty, oozy.

=vasi-er=, =-ère=, n. and adj., mud, of mud.

=vasière=, n.f., salt-pan, brine-pan; mussel-bed.

=vasistas= (-tâs), n.m., casement-window, casement; hatch-door; shutter; blind (of a carriage).

=vasque=, n.f., basin (of a fountain).

=vassal=, n.m., vassal.

=vassalité=, n.f., vassalage; land held by vassals.

=vasselage= (vas-laj), n.m., vassalage.

=vaste=, adj., vast, wide, great, spacious, extensive. — pays; vast country. De —s desseins; great designs. Un lieu —; a vast place. int. (nav.) avast!

=vastement=, adv., vastly, extensively, hugely, widely, greatly.

=vatican=, n.m., Vatican, the Palace of the Pope.

=va-tout=, n.m., (—) staking all one has, one’s all (at cards).

à =vau-de-route=, adv. V. =à vau-l’eau=.

=vaudeville= (vôd-vil), n.m., (thea.) vaudeville; ballad; (thea.) ballad-opera, ballad-farce (corruption of Vaux de Vire, by Olivier Basselin).

=vaudevilliste=, n.m., vaudeville-writer; ballad-writer.

=vaudois=, n.m., Vaudois, native of Vaud.

à =vau-l’eau=, adv., with the current, down stream; (fig.) to wrack and ruin; at sixes and sevens.

=vaurien= (-in), n.m., good-for-nothing wretch, worthless fellow, scamp, scape-grace; rogue, vagabond.

=vautour=, n.m., (orni.) vulture.

=vautrait=, n.m., (hunt.) boar-hunting equipage.

=vautre=, n.m., boar-hound.

=vautré=, =-e=, adj., wallowing, weltering; sprawling.

se =vautrer=, v.r., to wallow, to welter, to roll; to spread one’s self out, to sprawl.

=vavasseur=, n.m., vavasor (vassal of a vassal).

=vayvodat=, n.m., waywodate, waywodeship.

=vayvode=, n.m., (—s) waiwode, waywode.

=vayvodie=, n.f., waywodeship.

=veau=, n.m., calf; bull-calf; calf’s leather; veal; lazy fellow. — marin; seal, sea-calf; sealskin. Chair de —; veal. Longe de —; loin of veal. Rouelle de —; fillet of veal. Des pieds de —; calves’ feet. Eau de —; veal broth. Faire le pied de —; (fig.) to cringe, to bow and scrape, to truckle (to). Faire le —; to sprawl; to indulge one’s self, to idle one’s time away.

=vecteur=, adj., (astron.) vector. Rayon —; radius vector.

=véda=, n.m., Veda (sacred books of the Hindoos).

=védasse=, n.f., (dy.) weed-ashes.

=vedette=, n.f., scout, vedette, mounted sentinel; watch-box, watch-tower. Ecrire quelque chose en —; to write anything in a line by itself. Mettre en —; to place on vedette.

=védique=, adj., Vedic.

=végétable=, adj., capable of vegetation.

=végétal=, n.m., vegetable; plant.

=végétal=, =-e=, adj., vegetable.

=végétalité=, n.f., vegetability.

=végétant=, =-e=, adj., vegetating.

=végétarien=, =-ne=, n.m.f., vegetarian.

=végétati-f=, =-ve=, adj., vegetative.

=végétation=, n.f., vegetation.

=végéter=, v.n., to vegetate. Il ne fait plus que —; he merely vegetates.

=véhémence=, n.f., vehemence, vehemency, impetuosity; force, violence.

=véhément=, =-e=, adj., vehement, impetuous, hot, passionate. Naturel —; hot temper. Orateur —; vehement orator, impassioned orator.

=véhémentement=, adv., ☉(jur.) strongly; (fam., fig.) vehemently.

=véhicule=, n.m., vehicle.

=vehme=, n.f., (n.p.) Vehmic Court.

=vehmique=, adj., Vehmic.

*=veille=, n.f., watch, watching, sitting up; eve, vigil, day before; point, verge. Être à la — de; to be on the point of, on the verge of. Entre la — et le sommeil; between sleeping and waking.

*=veillée=, n.f., sitting up to work in company; evening (in company); night attendance (upon a sick person). Les —s d’hiver; the winter evenings.

*=veiller=, v.n., to watch, to sit up, to wake, to be awake, to lie awake; to be on the watch; to attend, to take care, to see, to have an eye upon. — au salut de l’état; to watch over the safety of the state. — sur soi même; to be upon one’s guard. Faire — quelqu’un; to keep any one up. Veillez-y; see to it.

*=veiller=, v.a., to watch over, to look after, to sit up with. — un malade; to sit up with, or to watch by the bedside of, a sick person.

*=veilles=, n.f.pl., labors; night-studies, night-watches, vigils.

*=veilleur=, n.m., watcher; night watchman.

*=veilleuse=, n.f., night-lamp; float-light, watch-light.

*=veillote= or =veillotte=, n.f., hay-cock; (bot.) meadow-saffron.

=veinage=, n.m., (paint.) veining.

=veinard=, n.m. and adj., (pop.) lucky fellow, in luck’s way.

=veine=, n.f., (anat., geol., min.) vein; (of marble or wood) vein; (geol.) seam; underground spring of water; (fig.) vein. Je suis en —; my hand is in; I am in luck’s way. En — de; in the vein for, in the humor for. Bonne —; good run of luck (at play). Avoir de la —; to be in luck. Je ne suis plus en —; my luck has turned.

=veiné=, =-e=, adj., veiny, veined.

=veiner=, v.a., (paint.) to vein.

=veineu-x=, =-se=, adj., veined, veining; (anat.) venous, venal.

=veinule=, n.f., (anat.) small vein.

=vêlage=, n.m., calving (of cows).

=vélar=, n.m., hedge-mustard, hedge-garlic.

=vélarium= (-rio-m), n.m., (—s) (Rom. antiq.) velarium (awning stretched above the theater to keep off the sun).

=vélaut!= int., (hunt.) tally-ho.

=velche=, n.m., Goth, ignoramus.

=velcherie=, n.f., ignorance, stupidity.

=vêle=, n.f., cow-calf.

=vêler=, v.a., (of cows) to calve.

=vélin=, n.m., vellum; fine Alençon lace.

=vélite=, n.m., (Rom. antiq.) light-armed soldier, skirmisher.

=velléité= (vél-lé-), n.f., velleity, slight desire, fancy, mind.

☉=véloce=, adj., (astron.) swift, rapid.

=vélocipède=, n.m., velocipede, cycle.

=vélocité=, n.f., velocity, swiftness, rapidity, speed.

=velours=, n.m., velvet. — ras; short-nap velvet. — façonné; figured velvet. — de soie; silk velvet. — de coton; cotton velvet. — à côtes; corduroy. — de coton croisé; velveteen. — glacé; shot velvet. Faire patte de —; to speak smoothly; to draw in one’s claws. Habits de — ventre de son; (prov.) silks and satins put out the kitchen fire. Passe —; (bot.) prince’s feathers.

=velouté=, n.m., velveting, flock surface; velvet-pile; softness; (bot.) velvet; (med.) ☉mucous membrane.

=velouté=, =-e=, adj., velvet, velvety; cut in imitation of velvet; velvet-like; with the softness of velvet; soft and smooth to the palate (of wines).

=velouter=, v.a., to give (to some material) the appearance of velvet; to make velvet-like.

=veloutier= (-tié), n.m., velvet-worker.

=veltage=, n.m., measuring liquids by the velte.

=velte=, n.f., an (obsolete) measure of capacity, about 7 quarts English; a sort of gauge to measure the capacity of casks.

=velter=, v.a., to measure liquids by the velte.

=velteur=, n.m., gauger; one who measures by the velte.

=velu=, =-e=, adj., hairy (not applied to the head or beard); shaggy, rough. n.m., shagginess; hairy part.

=velverette=, n.f., corduroy.

=velvet=, n.m., =velvetine=, n.f., velveteen.

=velvote=, n.f., (bot.) (spurious) toad-flax.

=venaison=, n.f., venison.

=vénal=, =-e=, adj., venal, mercenary.

=vénalement= (-nal-mān), adv., in a venal, mercenary manner.

=vénalité=, n.f., venality.

=venant=, n.m. and adj., comer; coming. A tout —; to the first comer; to any one, or as the fancy takes one.

=vendable=, adj., salable, vendible.

=vendange=, n.f., vintage; grape-gathering. Faire —; to gather the grapes; (fig.) to make a good thing of, to profit by.

=vendanger=, v.a. and n., to gather grapes; to vintage; (fig.) to make illicit profits; to ravage, to spoil, to devastate, to sweep away.

=vendangeu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., vintager, grape-gatherer.

=vendéen=, =-ne=, n., adj., Vendean.

=vendémiaire=, n.m., Vendémiaire, the first month of the calendar of the first French republic, from September 22d or 23d to October 21st or 22d.

=venderesse= (vān-drès), n.f., (jur.) vendor.

=vendetta=, n.f., (—s) vendetta, vengeance.

=vendeu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., seller, vendor, dealer. — d’orviétan; quack.

=vendication=, n.f. V. =revendication=.

=vendiquer=, v.a. V. =revendiquer=.

☉=vendition=, n.f., (jur.) sale.

=vendre=, v.a. and n., to sell, to vend, to sell out; (fig.) to betray. — cher; to sell dear. — à bon marché; to sell cheap. — argent comptant; to sell for ready money. À —; to be sold, for sale. Chose qui plaît est à moitié vendue; good wares make quick sales.

se =vendre=, v.r., to sell one’s self; to sell, to go off (of a thing).

=vendredi=, n.m., Friday. Le — saint; Good-Friday.

=vené=, =-e=, adj., high (of meat).

☉=vénéfice=, n.m., (jur.) poisoning by malefice.

☉=venelle=, n.f., small street, alley, lane. [Only used in the popular expression Enfiler la —; to run away, to take to one’s heels.]

=vénéneu-x=, =-se=, adj., venomous, poisonous (of plants only).

=vener=, v.a., to run (cattle) to make their flesh tender. Faire — de la viande; to keep meat until it gets high.

=vénérable=, adj., venerable, reverend.

=vénérablement=, adv., venerably, reverently.

=vénération=, n.f., veneration. Sa mémoire est en —; his memory is held in veneration.

=vénérer=, v.a., to venerate, to reverence.

=vénerie= (vé-n-rî) n.f., venery, hunting; hunting-train; kennel.

=vénérien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), adj., venereal, syphilitic.

=venette=, n.f., (pop.) fright, funk. Avoir la —; to be in a funk. Donner la —; to frighten, to put into a funk.

=veneur=, n.m., huntsman. Grand —; master of the hounds.

=venez-y-voir=, n.m., (—) (fam., iron.) sight, show, raree-show; trifle, catch, cheat.

=vengeance= (-jans), n.f., vengeance, revenge. Tirer — d’un affront; to be revenged for an affront. Demander, or crier, —; to call, or cry, for vengeance. Esprit de —; revengefulness. Par —; out of revenge.

=venger=, v.a., to revenge, to avenge, to take revenge for, to resent. — une injure; to avenge an injury.

se =venger=, v.r., to revenge one’s self, to avenge one’s self; to be revenged. Se — de quelqu’un; to be revenged on any one.

=venge-ur=, =-resse=, n. and adj., avenger, revenger; revengeful, avenging.

=véniel=, =-le=, adj., venial.

=véniellement= (-nièl-mān), adv., venially.

=veni-mecum= (vé-ni-mé-co-m), n.m., (—). V. =vade-mecum=.

=venimeu-x=, =-se=, adj., communicating poison, venomous (of animals); poisonous, malignant.

=venin=, n.m., venom, poison, spite, rancor, malice. Morte la bête, mort le —; dead dogs can’t bite or dead men tell no tales. Il a jeté tout son —; he has vented all his spite.

=venir= (venant, venu), v.n., to come, to be coming; to come along, to arrive; to chance, to fall out, to occur, to happen; to be descended; to grow, to grow up, to thrive (of plants); to issue, to run, to flow; to emanate, to proceed, to arise, to derive; to reach. Je le vois —; I see him coming; (fig.) I see what he is driving at. Le voilà qui vient; here he comes. Venez ici; come here. Voulez-vous — avec nous à Londres? will you go with us to London? Faire —; to send for. Faire — le médecin; to send for the doctor. Il va et vient; he goes in and out. Il s’en est allé comme il est venu; he has had his labor for his pains. Je ne ferai qu’aller et —; I will not stay, I shall be back again directly. En — aux extrémités; to come to extremities. S’en —; to come away. Il en vint jusqu’à le menacer; he went so far as to threaten him. En — aux mains; to come to blows. Il en faut — là; we must come to that at last. Si ma lettre venait à se perdre; if my letter should happen to be lost, or to miscarry. Tout lui vient à souhait; everything succeeds according to his wishes. Cette nouvelle est venue jusqu’à moi; that news reached even me. Il me vint une pensée; a thought came into my head. D’où vient-il que? how is it that? D’où vient cela? what is the cause of that? D’où vient que? how is it that? Quand il vint à parler de; when he came to speak of. — au monde; to come into the world. — de; to come from; (followed by an infinitive) to have just. Je viens de le quitter; I have just left him. Se faire bien — de; to ingratiate one’s self (with), to curry favor (with). Il vient de partir; he has only just gone, or started. Il vient d’arriver; he has just arrived. Je viens le voir; I come to see him. Je viens de le voir; I have just seen him. Cet arbre vient bien; that tree thrives well. Viens donc, venez donc; come away, come along. Où voulez-vous en —? what are you aiming, driving, at? D’où venez-vous? where do you come from? where were you brought up? Il faut le voir —; we must first see what he is driving at. Vouloir en — à; to aim at, to be driving at, to mean, to be up to. Temps à —; future time. — à bout de; to succeed, to master, to get through (anything). Tout vient à point à qui sait attendre; everything comes to him who waits. C’est un beau — y voir; a pretty sight, indeed!

=venir=, n.m., coming.

=vent=, n.m., wind, gale; flatulence; breath; (hunt.) scent; vanity, emptiness; (artil.) windage. Un souffle de —; a puff of wind. Un — coulis; a slight draught. Il fait du —; it is windy. Être à l’abri du —; to be sheltered from the wind. Jeter la plume au —; to allow chance to decide. Autant en emporte le —; all that is idle talk. Aller comme le —; to go swiftly, like the wind. Aller selon le —; to sail with the wind; (fig.) to go with the times; to be a time-server. — fait; settled wind. Au —; to the wind; (nav.) to windward. Sous le —; (nav.) to leeward. — de terre; land breeze. — de mer; sea breeze. Avoir — et marée; to have both wind and tide (in one’s favor). Avoir le dessus du —; (nav.) to have the weather-gauge; (fig.) to have the upper hand of any one. Avoir des —s; to be troubled with wind, flatulence (fig.). Lâcher un —; to break a wind. Tout cela n’est que du —; all that means nothing. Si le — le permet; weather permitting. Filer — arrière; (nav.) to sail before the wind. Gagner le — sur; to get to windward of; to weather. Prendre le —; to scent; (nav.) to sail near the wind. — frais; fresh gale. Gros coup de —; strong gale. Être logé aux quatre —s; to be exposed to every wind that blows. Avoir le — contraire; to have the wind against one. Flotter au gré du —; to float in the wind. Iles du —; (geog.) Windward Islands. — au visage rend un homme sage; (prov.) adversity makes a man wise, not rich.

*=ventail=, n.m., (her.) ventail, visor (of a helmet).

=vente=, n.f., sale; selling, auction; felling, cutting out (of timber). En —; for sale, now ready (of a book). Mettre en —; to offer for sale; to put up for sale, to publish (a book). — aux enchères; auction. — judiciaire; sale under warrant, or before the sheriff. Marchandise de bonne —; goods that go off well. Asseoir les —s; to mark the trees that are to be felled. Lods et —s; tax on the sale of heritages.

=ventelle=, n.f. paddle-valve (of lock-gates).

=venter=, v.n.imp., to blow, to be windy. Il vente; the wind is blowing, it is windy.

=venteu-x=, =-se=, adj., windy, flatulent.

=ventier=, n.m., wood-salesman.

=ventilateur=, n.m., ventilator, fan; (phys.) air-exhauster.

=ventilation=, n.f., ventilation, airing; (jur.) valuation.

=ventiler=, v.a., to ventilate, to air; (jur.) to value; (fig.) to discuss, to moot.

=ventis=, n.m., wind-fallen timber.

=ventolier=, n.m., (hawking) bird that flies well against the wind.

=ventôse=, n.m., Ventose, the sixth month of the calendar of the first French republic, from February 19th or 20th to March 20th.

=ventosité=, n.f., flatulence, ventosity.

=ventouse=, n.f., cupping-glass, sucker; the devil-fish; ventilator, vent-hole, air-hole; (arch.) ventiduct. pl., cupping-glasses. Appliquer les —s; to cup. —s-sèches; dry-cupping.

=ventouser=, v.a., to cup.

=ventouseur=, n.m., cupper.

=ventral=, =-e=, adj., ventral.

=ventre=, n.m., belly, stomach; (of bottles) belly; womb; chest, body, inside. — à terre; at full speed. Passer sur le — à; to bear down upon, to rout, to put to rout. Prendre du —; to get a corporation. Le bas-—; (anat.) the abdomen. J’ai mal au —; I have a stomach-ache. Remettre le cœur au — à quelqu’un; to give any one fresh courage. À plat —; flat on the face. Faire —; to bulge, to swell out. Manger à — déboutonné; to eat like a glutton. — affamé n’a point d’oreilles; a hungry man will not listen to reason or a hungry man is an angry man. Savoir ce que quelqu’un a dans le —; (fam.) to know what a person is worth, or is thinking of. N’avoir pas à trois mois dans le —; (fam.) not to have three months to live. — affamé prend tout à gré; any food is good food when you are starving.

=ventrebleu!= int. zounds!

=ventrée=, n.f., litter (of animals).

=ventricule=, n.m., ventricle.

=ventrière=, n.f., girth (of a horse), belly-band, abdominal belt; sling; (carp.) purlin; (machinery) brace.

=ventriloque=, n.m. and adj., ventriloquist; ventriloquous, ventriloquial.

=ventriloquie=, n.f., ventriloquy, ventriloquism.

*se =ventrouiller=, v.r., to wallow in the mire, or in the mud.

=ventru=, =-e=, adj., big-bellied, corpulent; bulging (out).

=venu=, =-e=, part., come. Bien —; welcome, well-grown (of trees, etc.). Mal —; ill-received; not welcome; ill-grown, stunted (of trees, etc.); not justified, wrong. Le premier —, la première —e; the first-comer, the first that comes, the first person one meets, any one, no matter which or who. Le dernier —; the last comer. Nouveau —; new-comer (m.s.). Des nouveaux —s; new-comers (m.pl.). Une nouvelle —e; a new-comer (f.s.). Des nouvelles —es; new-comers (f.pl.).

=venue=, n.f., coming, arrival, advent, growth. Allées et —s; goings and comings. Tout d’une —; at a stretch, all at once. À la bonne —; come what may, at all hazards.

☉=vénule=, n.f. V. =veinule=.

=vénus= (-nus), n.f., (astron., myth.) Venus; ☉(chem.) copper.

=vénusté=, n.f., (l.u.) handsomeness, gracefulness, elegance.

=vêpres=, n.f.pl., vespers.

=ver= (vèr), n.m., worm, maggot; moth; mite. — luisant; glowworm. — de fumier; muck-worm. — à soie; silk-worm. — rongeur; never-dying worm. — de fromage; cheese-mite. — solitaire; tape-worm. — de terre; earth-worm. Mangé, or rongé, des —s; worm-eaten. Nu comme —; stark naked. Tuer son —; (pop.) to have a morning nip.

=véracité=, n.f., veracity.

=véraison=, n.f., turning, ripening (of grapes).

=véranda=, n.f., verandah.

=vératre=, n.m., (bot.) veratrum.

=vératrine=, n.f., (chem.) veratria, veratrine.

=verbal=, =-e=, adj., verbal. Promesse —e; promise by word of mouth.

=verbalement= (-bal-mān), adv., verbally, by word of mouth.

=verbaliser=, v.n., to draw up a written statement; to state facts, to be long-winded.

=verbe=, n.m., (gram.) verb; voice; (theol.) the Word.

=verbénacées=, n.f.pl., (bot.) verbenaceæ.

=verbération=, n.f., verberation.

=verbeusement=, adv., verbosely, with many words.

=verbeu-x=, =-se=, adj., verbose, prolix.

=verbiage=, n.m., verbiage.

=verbiager=, v.n., to be verbose.

=verbiageu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., verbose, or wordy, talker; twaddler.

=verbosité=, n.f., verbosity.

=ver-coquin=, n.m., (—s-—s) (ent.) vine-grub; (vet.) staggers; caprice, whim.

=verd=, adj. V. =vert=.

=verdal=, n.m., basement-light, cellar-light.

=verdâtre=, adj., greenish.

=verdée=, n.f., white wine of Tuscany.

=verdelet=, =-te=, adj., tart (of wine); vigorous, strong, hale (of old people).

=verderie=, n.f., verderer’s range; verderer’s jurisdiction.

=verdet=, n.m., verdigris.

=verdeur=, n.f., greenness, viridity, sap; tartness, harshness (of wine); acrimony; (of old people) vigor, freshness.

=verdict= (-dikt), n.m., (jur.) verdict, finding. Rendre un —; to deliver a verdict.

=verdier=, n.m., verderer, verderor; (orni.) greenfinch, green-linnet.

=verdir=, v.a. and n., to paint green; to grow green, to become green; to get covered with verdigris (of copper).

=verdoyant=, =-e=, adj., verdant, green.

=verdoyer=, v.n., to be verdant, to become green.

=verdure=, n.f., verdure, greenness, green; pot-herbs.

=verdurier=, n.m., greengrocer.

=véreu-x=, =-se=, adj., worm-eaten, maggoty, full of maggots, rotten; suspicious, suspected of a concealed vice or defect; (com.) (of bills) insecure, unsafe, doubtful.

=verge=, n.f., rod, wand; shank (of an anchor); handle (of a whip); penis. pl., rod, birch (old); yard (measure). — de bedeau, verger’s wand. Cet enfant craint les —s; that child fears the rod. Donner des —s pour se faire fouetter; to give a rod to beat one’s self. Passer (quelqu’un) par les —s; (mil.) to flog. Être passé par les —s or passer par les —s; to run the gauntlet. Faire passer (un soldat) par les —s; (mil.) to flog through the lines.

=vergé=, =-e=, adj., (of paper) laid; (of textile fabrics) streaky.

=vergée=, n.f., about a rood.

=verger=, v.a., to measure by the rod.

=verger=, n.m., fruit-garden, orchard.

=vergeté=, =-e=, part., beaten (cleaned with a cane); streaked (of skin).

=vergeter=, v.a., to beat, to whisk, to brush (with a cane).

=vergetier= (-tié), n.m., brushmaker, rodmaker.

=vergette=, n.f., brush, clothes-brush, bundle of rods, switch (generally used in the plural); hoops (of a drum). Donner un coup de —s (à); to give a brushing, to brush.

=vergeure= (-jur), n.f., wire-mark (of paper).

=verglacé=, =-e=, part. adj., covered with rime, coated over with frost, frozen over.

=verglacer=, v.imp. (old). Il verglace; the rain freezes as it falls. V. =verglas=.

=verglas=, n.m., glazed frost, frozen rain, rime. Il fait — or il tombe du —; the rain freezes as it falls.

*=vergne=, n.m., alder-tree.

*=vergogne=, n.f., shame. Sans —; shameless.

=vergogneu-x=, =-se=, adj., shy, reserved, modest, bashful.

=vergue= (vèrg), n.f., (nav.) yard (of a sail). Grande —; main-yard.

=véricle=, n.f., paste, imitation (jewelry).

=véridicité=, n.f., veracity, credibility.

=véridique=, adj., veracious, credible.

=véridiquement=, adv., veraciously, truthfully.

=vérificateur=, n.m., verifier, examiner (of work); auditor (of accounts).

=vérification=, n.f., verification, examining, auditing; (of wills) probate.

=vérifier=, v.a., to inspect, to examine, to verify, to try (weights, measures); to audit, to prove (a will).

=vérin=, n.m., screw-jack.

=vérine=, n.f., verinas (tobacco); (nav.) binnacle-lamp.

=vérissime=, adj., most true, most faithful.

=véritable=, adj., true, genuine, pure, real, staunch. Un — ami; a true friend.

=véritablement=, adv., truly, really, in reality, indeed, in truth.

=véritas=, n.m., Lloyd’s register (French). Bureau —; (French) Lloyd’s rooms.

=vérité=, n.f., truth, verity, truthfulness. Dire la —; to speak the truth. En —; indeed, truly. À la —; indeed; it is true; I confess. Toute — n’est pas bonne à dire; all truths are not to be spoken at all times. On dit souvent la — en riant; there’s many a true word spoken in jest. Dire ses —s à quelqu’un; (not to be afraid) to tell anyone his faults; to be outspoken with any one.

=verjus=, n.m., verjuice; sour grapes. C’est jus vert et —; it is six of one and half a dozen of the other.

=verjuté=, =-e=, adj., sharp, tart, acid.

=verjuter=, v.a., to flavor with verjuice.

*=vermeil=, =-le=, adj., vermilion, ruby, ruddy, rosy, coral. Teint —; rosy complexion.

*=vermeil=, n.m., silver-gilt.

=vermicel= or =vermicelle=, n.m., vermicelli.

=vermicelier=, n.m., vermicelli manufacturer.

=vermiculaire=, adj., vermicular, worm-shaped; (anat.) vermiform.

=vermiculaire=, n.f., (bot.) stone-crop.

=vermiculé=, =-e=, adj., (arch.) vermicular, vermiculated.

=vermiculures=, n.f.pl., (arch.) vermiculated work.

=vermiforme=, adj., worm-shaped; (anat.) vermiform.

=vermifuge=, n.m., (med.) vermifuge.

*=vermiller=, v.n., (hunt.) (of boars) to scratch for worms, etc.

*=vermillon=, n.m., vermilion.

*=vermillonner=, v.a., to vermilion; to paint in red.

=vermine=, n.f., vermin, (fig.) rabble.

=vermineu-x=, =-se=, adj., (med.) caused by worms.

=vermisseau=, n.m., vermicule, grub, earthworm, little worm.

se =vermouler=, v.r., to be worm-eaten.

=vermoulu=, =-e=, adj., worm-eaten, decayed, crumbling to pieces.

=vermoulure=, n.f., worm-hole, rottenness in wood, dry-rot.

=vermout= or =vermouth=, n.m., bitters.

=vernaille=, n.f., (min.) telesia.

=vernal=, =-e=, adj., vernal, spring-like.

=vernation=, n.f., (bot.) vernation, foliation.

=verne=, n.m., (bot.). V. =vergne=.

=vernier=, n.m., vernier, sliding-rule.

=vernir=, v.a., to varnish; to glaze; to japan, to lacquer, to polish.

=vernis=, n.m., varnish, polish, glaze, glazing. — gras; oil-varnish. Donner un — à; to polish, to set off.

=vernissage=, n.m., varnishing; glazing.

=vernisser=, v.a., to varnish, to glaze, to japan.

=vernisseur=, n.m., varnisher.

=vernissure=, n.f., the application of varnish, or glazing, on anything.

=vérole=, n.f., pox. La petite —; the small-pox. Grain de petite —; pock-mark. Petite — volante; chicken pox.

=vérolé=, =-e=, n. and adj., (l.ex.) (med.) poxed, syphilitic.

=vérolique=, adj., (med.) syphilitic.

=véron=, n.m. V. =vairon=.

=véronique=, n.f., (bot.) veronica, speedwell.

*=verraille=, n.f., small glass wares; old glass.

=verrat=, n.m., boar.

=verre=, n.m., glass. — à boire; drinking glass. Choquer les —s; to touch glasses. — grossissant; magnifying-glass. — ardent; burning-glass. Grand —; tumbler. — à pied; rummer. — à vin; wine-glass. — de vin; glass of wine. — de couleur; stained glass, colored glass.

=verrée=, n.f., glassful.

=verrerie= (vér-rî), n.f., glass-works; glass-making; glass-wares.

=verrier=, n.m., glass-maker, glassman, glass-blower; dealer in glassware; glass-basket.

=verrière=, n.f., glass-stand, monteith; (in churches) stained window.

=verrine= or =verrière=, n.f., glazed box; glass picture frame.

=verroterie= (vè-ro-trî), n.f., glass-ware; glass trinket; glass beads.

=verrou=, n.m., bolt. Fermer une porte au —; to bolt a door. S’enfermer au —; to bolt one’s self in. Au —; under lock and key, locked up.

*=verrouiller=, v.a., to bolt, to bar.

*se =verrouiller=, v.r., to bolt one’s self in.

=verrucaire=, n.f., (bot.) wartwort.

=verrue=, n.f., wart.

=verruqueu-x=, =-se=, adj., warty; wart-like; verrucose; (med.) tubercled.

=vers= (vèr), n.m., verse, line (of poetry). Faire des —; to write verses. Grand —; Alexandrine (twelve-syllabled verse).

=vers=, prep., towards, about, to. Tournez-vous — moi; turn towards me. — les quatre heures; about four o’clock.

=versable=, adj., apt to overturn, liable to upset.

=versade=, n.f., upsetting, overturning.

=versage=, n.m., (agri.) first dressing (of land).

=versant=, =-e=, adj., liable to be overturned.

=versant=, n.m., declivity, side, slope (of mountains); watershed.

=versatile=, adj., versatile, variable, changeable.

=versatilité=, n.f., versatility, variableness.

=verse=, adj., (geom.) versed. Sinus —; versed sine.

à =verse=, adv., (of rain) very fast, in torrents. Il pleut à —; it is raining in torrents, or cats and dogs.

=versé=, =-e=, part. adj., poured, overturned; (fig.) versed, skilled, conversant.

=verseau=, n.m., (astron.) Aquarius.

=versement=, n.m., payment; deposit. — partiel; installment.

=verser=, v.a., to pour, to pour out; to shoot, to discharge, to empty; to shed, to spill; to lodge, to deposit (money); to overturn, to upset, to cast, to throw.

=verser=, v.n., to overturn, to upset, to be overturned, to overset (of vehicles); to be laid, to be beaten down (of standing corn).

=verset=, n.m., (Bibl.) verse.

=versicules= or =versiculets=, n.m.pl., (fam., jest.) little verses, versicles.

=versificateur=, n.m., versifier, poetaster.

=versification=, n.f., versification.

=versifier=, v.n., to versify, to make verses.

=versifier=, v.a., to turn into verses.

se =versifier=, v.r., to be versified, to be put into verse.

=version=, n.f., version, translation.

=verso=, n.m., (—s) back (of a leaf); (print.) reverse, even, left-hand page.

=versoir=, n.m., mold-board (of a plow).

=verste=, n.f., verst (Russian measure of length, about 1166 yards).

=vert=, =-e=, adj., green; sharp, harsh (of things); tart (of wine); raw (of hides); vigorous, robust (of old age); resolute. Bois —; green wood. Morue —e; salt fish (that has not been yet dried). Cuir —; raw leather. Fruit —; green fruit. Du vin —; tart wine. Pomme —e; unripe apple. Pierres —es; stones just cut out of the quarry. Une —e vieillesse; a vigorous, or hale, old age. Une —e réponse; a sharp answer. Ils sont trop —s; the grapes are sour. Il a la tête —e; he is a hare-brained fellow, or a greenhorn.

=vert=, n.m., green, green color; grass; green meat; green food; tartness (of wine). — de mer; sea-green. Employer le — et le sec; to leave no stone unturned. Mettre des chevaux au —; to turn horses out to grass. Vous ne le prendrez pas sans —; you will not catch him napping. Manger son blé en —; (prov.) to anticipate one’s income.

=vert d’eau= or =vert de mer=, n.m., sea-green.

=vert-de-gris=, n.m., (n.p.) verdigris.

=vert de vessie=, n.m., sap-green.

=vert-pomme=, n.m., apple-green.

=vertébral=, =-e=, adj., vertebral.

=vertèbre=, n.f., vertebra.

=vertébré=, =-e=, adj., vertebral, vertebrate.

=vertébré=, n.m., (zoöl.) vertebral, vertebrate. Les —s; the vertebrates.

=vertement=, adv., vigorously, briskly, sharply; harshly, severely. Je l’ai tancé —; I reprimanded him most severely, I gave him a good talking to.

=vertical=, =-e=, adj., vertical.

=verticalement= (-kal-mān), adv., vertically.

=verticalité=, n.f., verticalness.

*=verticille=, n.m., (bot.) verticil; whorl.

*=verticillé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) verticillate.

=verticité=, n.f., verticity (of the sea compass).

=vertige=, n.m., dizziness, giddiness, vertigo, swimming in the head; (vet.) staggers; (fig.) folly, madness, intoxication.

=vertigineu-x=, =-se=, adj., giddy, dizzy (of heights, etc.), subject to giddiness.

=vertigo=, n.m., (—s) vertigo; whim, crotchet; (vet.) staggers.

=vertu=, n.f., virtue, chastity; property, faculty, quality; power, force. Faire de nécessité —; to make a virtue of necessity. En — de; by virtue of, in pursuance of. — de ma vie! why, bless my heart!

☉=vertubleu!= =vertuchou!= int., bless my heart! zounds!

=vertueusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., virtuously.

=vertueu-x=, =-se=, adj., virtuous.

☉=vertugadin=, n.m., farthingale.

=verve=, n.f., warmth, fancy, inspiration; animation, liveliness; spirit; fervor; rapture; raciness, humor; (l.u.) fancy, whim, crotchet. Avoir de la —; to be sprightly, spirited.

=verveine=, n.f., (bot.) vervain, verbena.

=vervelle=, n.f., (falconry) varvel.

=verveux= or =vervier=, n.m. and adj., hoop-net (for fishing).

=vésanie=, n.f., (med.) madness, insanity.

=vesce=, n.f., (bot.) vetch, tare.

=vésical=, =-e=, adj., vesical.

=vésicant=, =-e=, adj., causing blisters, vesicatory.

=vésication=, n.f., (med.) vesication.

=vésicatoire=, n.m. and adj., blister; vesicatory; blistering. Un emplâtre —; a blistering plaster. Un —; a blister. Mouche à —; blister-fly.

=vésiculaire=, adj., vesicular.

=vésicule=, n.f., vesicle, bladder.

=vésiculeu-x=, =-se=, adj., vesiculate, bladdery.

=vesou=, n.m., sugar-cane juice.

=vespasienne= (-zi-èn), n.f., urinal (public).

=vesper= (vès-pèr), n.m., (astron.) Vesper, Venus.

☉=vespériser=, v.a., to scold, to reprimand.

=vespétro=, n.m., ratafia (a cordial).

=vesse=, n.f., (l.ex.) fizzling (school-slang). Vesse! cave! Avoir la —; (fig.) to be in a funk.

=vesse-de-loup=, n.f., (—s-—) (bot.) puff-ball.

=vesser=, v.n., (l.ex.) to fizzle; (fig.) to funk.

=vesseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., (l.ex.) one who fizzles; coward, funk.

=vessie=, n.f., bladder; blister; (ich.) bladder; (fig.) trifle, nonsense. — natatoire; swimming bladder. Faire croire que des —s sont des lanternes; (prov.) to make any one believe that the moon is made of green cheese. Il vaut nous faire prendre des —s pour des lanternes; he would make us believe ..., etc. Faire venir des —s; to blister.

=vessigon=, n.m., (vet.) vessicnon, wind-gall.

=vesta=, n.f., (astron.) Vesta.

=vestale=, n.f., vestal.

=veste=, n.f., round jacket.

=vestiaire= (-ti-èr), n.m., vestiary; robing-room; wardrobe; dressing-room; cloak-room; charity clothing-club; clothes-money (in convents).

=vestibule=, n.m., vestibule, lobby, hall, porch, gateway; passage.

=vestige=, n.m., footstep, track; vestige, sign, mark, foot-print; trace, remains.

=veston=, n.m., lounge-jacket, dress-jacket.

=vésuvien=, =-ne=, adj., Vesuvian.

=vêtement= (vêt-mān), n.m., garment; garb. pl., dress, clothes, raiment, wearing apparel. — manqué; misfit.

=vétéran=, n.m., veteran; unpromoted pupil.

=vétérance=, n.f., quality of a veteran, veteranship.

=vétérinaire=, n.m. and adj., veterinary surgeon; veterinary.

*=vétillard=, =-e=. V. =vétilleur=.

*=vétille=, n.f., trifle.

*=vétiller=, v.n., to trifle, to stand upon trifles.

=vétillerie=, n.f., hair-splitting.

*=vétilleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., one who stands upon trifles, trifler, hair-splitter.

*=vétilleu-x=, =-se=, adj., overnice, fastidious, captious, hair-splitting (of a person); ticklish, minute, tedious, trifling (of a thing).

=vêtir= (vêtant, vêtu), v.a., to clothe, to vest, to array, to dress.

se =vêtir=, v.r., to put on one’s clothes, to dress one’s self.

=vétiver= (-vèr), n.m., (bot.) whorl-flowered bent-grass.

=veto= (vé-tô), n.m., (n.p.) veto.

=vêtu=, =-e=, part., dressed, clothed, clad, arrayed. Mal —; ill-dressed. — de blanc, de noir; dressed in white, in black.

=vêture=, n.f., taking the habit or the veil (of friars and nuns). [Prise d’habit is more frequently used.]

=vétusté=, n.f., antiquity, oldness, decay.

=vétyver= (-vèr), n.m. V. =vétiver=.

=veu-f=, =-ve=, n. and adj., widower; widow; widowed. Cette église est —ve de son évêque; this church is deprived of its bishop. Eglise —ve; a church no longer, a cathedral. Epouser la —; (pop.) to be guillotined.

=veule=, adj., (gard.) too light (of earth); long, small and weak (branches); (pers.) weak, powerless.

=veuvage=, n.m., widowhood.

=veuve=, n.f., widow; (bot.) tulip streaked white and violet; (orni.) widow-bird, whidah-finch, vidua.

=veuvier=, adj., widower.

=vexant=, =-e=, adj., vexing, provoking, annoying.

=vexat-eur=, =-rice=, adj., vexatious.

=vexation=, n.f., vexation, molestation, annoyance.

=vexatoire=, adj., vexatious, annoying.

=vexer=, v.a., to vex, to plague, to molest, to torment, to annoy.

=vexillaire=, n.m., (Rom. antiq.) vexillary, standard-bearer.

=vexillaire=, adj., (nav.) vexillary (of signals made by means of flags); (bot.) having the shape of a flag.

=viâ=, prep., via, by way of.

=viabilité=, n.f., (med., jur.) viability (of infants); condition of the roads of a country; good repair.

=viable=, adj., viable, likely to live.

=viaduc=, n.m., viaduct.

=viag-er=, =-ère=, adj., for life, during life. Rente —ère; life-annuity. Placer en —; to sink (money); to invest in a life-annuity.

=viager=, n.m., (fin.) life-interest.

=viande=, n.f., meat, viand. — de boucherie or grosse —; butcher’s meat. Menue —; fowl and game. — blanche; white meat (poultry, veal, etc.). — noire; brown meat (game). Basse —; inferior, coarse meat. Un mangeur de —s apprêtées; a lazy fellow, a sponger.

=viander=, v.n., (hunt.) to graze (of deer).

=viandis=, n.m., pasture, grazing (of deer).

=viatique=, n.m., Viaticum; last sacrament; provisions for a journey; traveling money.

=vibord=, n.m., (nav.) waist (of a ship).

=vibrant=, =-e=, adj., vibrating; vibrant; jarring.

=vibration=, n.f., vibration.

=vibratoire=, adj., vibratory.

=vibrer=, v.n., to vibrate.

=vibrion=, n.m., (zoöl.) vibrio, microscopic eel.

=vicaire=, n.m., vicar (delegate); curate of a parish. Le — de Jésus-Christ; the Pope. Grand —; grand vicar.

=vicairie=, n.f., or =vicariat=, n.m., curacy, curateship, vicarage, living.

=vicarial=, =-e=, adj., vicarial.

=vicarier=, v.n., to officiate as a curate.

=vice=, n.m., vice, fault; blemish, defect, flaw, imperfection, error. Pauvreté n’est pas —; poverty is no crime. — de forme; informality.

=vice=, Latin particle, vice, instead of. [Only used in French in composition with nouns.]

=vice-amiral=, n.m., (—-amiraux), vice-admiral; second ship of a fleet.

=vice-amirauté=, n.f., (—-—s) vice-admiralty.

*=vice-bailli=, n.m., (—-—s) vice-bailiff.

=vice-chancelier=, n.m., (—-—s) vice-chancellor.

=vice-consul=, n.m., (—-—s) vice-consul.

=vice-consulat=, n.m., (—-—s) vice-consulship.

=vice-gérant=, n.m., (—-—s) vicegerent, deputy manager.

=vice-gérent=, n.m., (—-—s) vicegerent.

=vice-légat=, n.m., (—-—s) vice-legate.

=vice-légation=, n.f., (—-—s) vice-legateship.

=vicennal=, =-e=, adj., vicennial (of twenty years).

=vice-préfet=, n.m., vice-prefect.

=vice-présidence=, n.f., (—-—s) vice-presidency.

=vice-président=, n.m., (—-—s) vice-president.

=vice-reine=, n.f., (—-—s) vice-queen.

=vice-roi=, n.m., (—-—s) viceroy.

=vice-royauté=, n.f., (—-—s) viceroyalty, viceroyship.

=vice-sénéchal=, n.m., (—-sénéchaux) deputy-seneschal.

=vice versa=, adv., vice versa.

=vicié=, =-e=, adj., vitiated, depraved, corrupted; foul (air).

=vicier=, v.a., to vitiate, to taint, to corrupt, to make or render foul.

se =vicier=, v.r., to become vitiated or corrupt; to become, or get, tainted or foul.

=vicieusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., viciously.

=vicieu-x=, =-se=, adj., vicious, faulty, defective.

=vicinal=, =-e=, adj., (of roads) parish, parochial, connecting.

=vicinalité=, n.f., condition of the roads of a parish, connection, communication (of roads).

=vicissitude=, n.f., vicissitude; revolution, change.

=vicomtal=, =-e=, adj., of a viscount or viscountess.

=vicomte=, n.m., viscount.

=vicomté=, n.f., viscountship; viscounty.

=vicomtesse=, n.f., viscountess.

=victimaire=, n.m., (antiq.) victimarius. adj., of a victim, or victims.

=victime=, n.f., victim, sufferer. Être — de; to be a sufferer by. Mourir — de; to die a victim to.

=victimer=, v.a., to victimize; to sacrifice; to immolate; to ridicule; to quiz; to make a laughing-stock of.

=victoire=, n.f., victory, conquest. Remporter la —; to gain the victory. proper noun, Victoria.

=victoria=, n.f., victoria, park-phaeton.

=victorieuse=, n.f., (bot.) a variety of anemone.

=victorieusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., victoriously, triumphantly.

=victorieu-x=, =-se=, adj., victorious, triumphant.

=victorieux=, n.m., (bot.) a variety of carnation.

*=victuaille=, n.f., (l.u.) provisions. pl., (nav.) ☉stores, victuals, eatables. V. =vivres=.

☉*=victuailleur=, n.m., (nav.) victualer, victualing-agent.

=vidage=, n.m., emptying.

=vidame=, n.m., (feudalism) vidame.

=vidamé=, n.m., or =vidamie=, n.f., dignity of a vidame.

=vidange=, n.f., clearing, emptying, removing; (of cess-pools) night-work; ullage (of liquor). pl., night-soil; (med.) lochia. En —; (of corks) ullaged.

=vidangeur=, n.m., night-man, scavenger.

=vide=, adj., empty, void, blank, devoid, destitute, vacant, vacuous; (mus.) open. Corde à —; open string.

=vide=, n.m., void, gap, chasm, hole; vacuum, emptiness, vanity; blank, empty space. À —; empty, upon nothing. Mâcher à —; (fig.) to feed on false hopes.

=vidé=, =-e=, part., emptied, empty. Jarrets bien —s; (of a horse) clean hocks.

*=vide-bouteille=, n.m., (—-—s) small country house, country-box (house).

=vide-poches=, n.m., (—) lady’s work-table, carriage-basket.

=vider=, v.a., to empty; to vacate; to decide, to end; to settle; to draw (poultry); to gut (fish); to drain. — un étang; to drain a pond. — une clef; to bore a key. — du drap; to pink cloth. — un procès; to adjust, or to settle, a lawsuit. — un différend; to settle a dispute. — ses comptes; to make up one’s accounts. — les lieux, une province, etc.; to leave, to be driven from, a place, a province, etc. (by force).

se =vider=, v.r., to be emptied; to empty itself (of a thing); to be settled, to be adjusted.

=vidimer=, v.a., (jur.) to collate, to compare (the copy of a document with the original).

☉=vidimus=, n.m., the certifying the copy of a document as conforming to the original.

=vidrecome=, n.m., (l.u.) tumbler, large drinking-glass.

=viduité=, n.f., widowhood.

=vidure=, n.f., emptying, drawing; pinking.

=vie=, n.f., life, existence, days; morals, character; lifetime; livelihood, living; food, subsistence; way of living, course of life; vitality; spirit, animation. Rendre la — à quelqu’un; to restore life to any one. Rendre la — dure à quel-qu’un; to make any one miserable; to make life a burden to any one. Être en —; to be alive. Il y va de la —; it is a case of life and death. Demander la —; to beg for life. Je n’ai rien vu de pareil de ma —; I never saw anything like it in all my life. Gagner sa —; to get one’s livelihood. Mendier sa —; to beg one’s bread. Faire bonne —; to lead a merry life. Faire la —; to live fast; to racket. Faire — qui dure; to lead a sober life; (fig.) to husband one’s resources. Mener une — heureuse; to lead a happy life. Avoir la — dure; to have a hard time; to have nine lives. Train de —; way of living. Tourmenter sa —; to bestir one’s self. Faire — de garçon; to live like a bachelor. Mener une — réglée; to lead a regular life. C’est ma —; it is my very life. Telle —, telle fin; people die as they live. Il a écrit lui-même sa —; he has written his own life. À la — et à la mort; in life and death. Une pension à —; a pension for life. Sa — durant; during his life. Prodiguer sa —; to throw away one’s life, to expose one’s self to danger. S’ôter la —; to make way with one’s self.

=viédase=, n.m., (l.ex.) (pers.) puppy, jackanapes.

*=vieil=, adj. V. =vieux=.

*=vieillard=, n.m., old man.

*=vieille=, adj. V. =vieux=.

*=vieille=, n.f., old woman.

*=vieillement=, adv., in an old way, or manner.

*=vieillerie=, n.f., old things; old clothes, old goods, old stuff, old lumber, rubbish.

*=vieillesse=, n.f., old age; oldness. Elle est morte de —; she died of old age.

*=vieillir=, v.n., to grow old; to get old; to look old; to become obsolete (of words).

*=vieillir=, v.a., to make old; to make look old.

*se =vieillir=, v.r., to make one’s self look old; to give one’s self out as older than one actually is.

*=vieillissant=, =-e=, adj., growing old.

*=vieillissement= (-is-mān), n.m., growing old.

*=vieillot=, =-te=, adj., oldish.

=vielle=, n.f., hurdy-gurdy. Il est du bois dont on fait les —s; he is of a pliant temperament.

=vieller=, v.n., to play upon the hurdy-gurdy; (pop.) ☉to stand trifling.

=vielleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., hurdy-gurdy player.

=vierge=, n.f., virgin, maid; (astron.) Virgo.

=vierge=, adj., virgin, virginal, maiden; pure, untrodden, unwrought; free from. Métaux —s; native, or virgin, metals. Forêt —; primeval, untrodden, virgin forest. Epée —; unfleshed, maiden sword.

=vieux=, =vieil=, adj.m., =vieille=, f., old; aged, advanced in years; ancient, venerable. Un vieux soldat; an old soldier. Un vieil arbre; an old tree. Un vieil harpagon; an old miser. Une vieille femme; an old woman. [Vieil may be used instead of vieux before a vowel or a silent h.]

=vieux=, n.m., old man, old boy, old fellow; un — de la vieille; a veteran of the Old Guard.

=vieux=, n.m., anything that is old (especially clothes, shoes, etc.).

=vi-f=, =-ve=, adj., alive, live, living; quick; lively, brisk, sprightly, smart, animated, fiery, mettlesome, ardent, eager, hasty, keen, alert, nimble; sharp, violent (of pain); vivid, bright (of colors). Cheval —; mettlesome horse. Des yeux —s; sparkling eyes. Couleur —ve; bright color. Un froid —; a piercing cold. Une —ve douleur; a violent pain. Eau —ve; spring-water. Chaux —ve; quicklime. Haie —ve; quickset hedge. De —ve voix; by word of mouth; vivâ voce; verbally, orally. Il est — comme la poudre; he is quick-tempered, as hot as a peppercorn; he is quick at work. Mort ou —; dead or alive.

=vif=, n.m., quick; (jur.) person living; shaft (of a column). Être touché au —; to be touched to the quick. Trancher, or couper, dans le —; to cut to the quick; (fig.) to set to work in earnest. Piquer au —; to sting to the quick. Être pris sur le —; (of pictures, descriptions) to be very life-like.

=vif-argent=, n.m., (n.p.) quicksilver.

=vigie=, n.f., (nav.) look-out; look-out man; lurking rock; rock above water; (railways) seat (on the top of cars). Être en —; (nav.) to be on the look-out, on the watch.

=vigilamment= (-la-mān), adv., vigilantly, watchfully.

=vigilance=, n.f., vigilance, watchfulness.

=vigilant=, =-e=, adj., vigilant, watchful.

=vigile=, n.f., vigil, eve.

*=vigne=, n.f., vine; vineyard. — sauvage; wild vine. — vierge; wild-grape, wild-briony. — noire; black briony or bryony. — blanche; white briony, traveler’s joy. — de Judée; woody nightshade, bitter-sweet. Être dans les —s du Seigneur; to be in one’s cups, to be half-seas-over.

*=vigneau=, n.m. V. =vignot=.

*=vigneron=, n.m., =-ne=, n.f., vine-dresser, wine-grower.

*=vignette=, n.f., (engr.) vignette; (bot.) meadow-sweet.

=vignettiste=, n.m., vignettist, vignette-maker.

*=vignoble=, n.m., vineyard. Propriétaire de —s; wine-grower.

*=vignoble=, adj., wine-growing.

*=vignot= or =vigneau=, n.m., periwinkle.

*=vigogne=, n.m., vicuna-felt hat.

*=vigogne=, n.f., vicugna, vicuña, vicuna; vicuna-wool, swan’s down.

=vigoureusement= (-reûz-mān), adv., vigorously, stoutly, forcibly, energetically.

=vigoureu-x=, =-se=, adj., vigorous, stout, hardy, lusty, forcible, energetic.

=viguerie=, n.f., provostship (in Languedoc, Provence).

=vigueur=, n.f., vigor, strength, force; power, sturdiness; energy, spirit. Mettre en —; to put in force, to enforce. — d’esprit; strength of mind. Entrer en —; to come into force.

=viguier=, n.m., provost (Languedoc, Provence).

=vil=, =-e=, adj., vile, base, mean, despicable, low, wretched. À — prix; very cheap, dirt-cheap.

=vilain=, n.m., (feudalism) villain, villein; niggard; blackguard, cad, nasty fellow; miser. Oignez — il vous poindra, poignez — il vous oindra; a bad man will return evil for good.

=vilain=, =-e= (-līn, -lè-n), adj., ugly, vile, villainous, pitiful, miserable, unhandsome; shabby, worthless, nasty, filthy, slovenly, wicked; sordid, wretched, infamous, scandalous. Il m’a joué un — tour; he has played me a nasty trick. — temps; bad weather. Il fait —; it is nasty weather. C’est un — monsieur; he is a nasty fellow, an ugly customer.

=vilain= (-līn), n.m., =-e= (-lè-n), n.f., (fam.) naughty boy, naughty girl.

=vilainement= (-lè-n-mān), adv., uglily; basely, nastily, shamefully, scandalously, unworthily, villainously, wretchedly, naughtily, sordidly, improperly, deplorably.

=vilayet=, n.m., vilayet, large Turkish province.

=vilebrequin= (vil-brĕ-kin), n.m., center-bit, wimble.

=vilement= (vil-mān), adv., vilely, basely, meanly, abjectly, contemptibly.

=vilenie= (vil-nî), n.f., filth, nastiness, foulness, dirt; sordid avarice, niggardliness; trash, unwholesome food; mean, base, vile action, pl., offensive words; filthiness, obscenity.

=vileté= (vil-té) or =vilité=, n.f., cheapness, low price; unimportance, baseness, meanness.

=vilipendement=, n.m., vilification.

=vilipender=, v.a., to vilify, to despise, to cry down; to undervalue.

=vilité=, n.f. V. =vileté=.

=villa=, n.f., villa.

=villace=, n.f., (fam., l.u.) large, straggling, thinly-peopled city.

=village=, n.m., village. Des gens de —; country-folk. Il est bien de son —; he knows nothing of what is going on in the world.

=villageois= (-joâ), n.m., =-e= (-joaz), n.f., villager, rustic, cottager. adj. rustic, country.

=villanelle=, n.f., pastoral poetry; a dancing tune.

=ville=, n.f., town, city. — de commerce; commercial town. — maritime; sea-port town. — de bains or d’eaux; watering-place. — de guerre; fortress. Robe, or toilette, de —; walking-dress. Habit de —; (of officers) plain clothes, mufti. Costume de —; morning-coat, frock coat. Corps de —; corporation, town-council. Être en —; to be out (not at home). Il est allé dîner en —; he has gone out to dinner, he is dining out. Être à la —; to be in town.

=villégiature=, n.f., sojourn in the country. En —; staying in the country.

=villette=, n.f., (fam.) small town, townlet.

=villeu-x=, =-se=, adj., (bot.) villous, villose.

=villifère=, adj., villiferous.

=villiforme=, adj., villiform.

=villosité=, n.f., (bot.) villosity.

=vimaire=, n.f., damage caused (to forests) by storms.

=vin=, n.m., wine, vinosity, strength. — mousseux; sparkling wine. — non mousseux; still wine. Du — éventé; dead wine. — de Bordeaux; claret. Du — paillet; pale wine. — du Rhin; Rhenish wine. — de deux feuilles; wine two years old. — qui a beaucoup de corps; full-bodied wine. — ordinaire; dinner wine. — pur; neat wine (without water). — coupé; diluted wine. — de la comète; vintage wine. — brûlé, — chaud; mulled wine, negus. Marchand de —, or négociant en —s; wine-merchant. Un doigt de —; a drop of wine. Tremper son —; to dilute one’s wine. Il est en pointe de —; he has had a drop too much. Être pris de —; to be the worse for liquor. Être entre deux —s; to be half-seas over. Cuver son —; to sleep one’s self sober. Un sac à —; a drunken sot. Il a le — mauvais; he is quarrelsome in his cups. Il a le — bon; he is merry in his cups. À bon — point d’enseigne; good wine needs no bush. Du — à faire danser les chèvres; wine not fit to drink. Le — entré, la raison sort; (prov.) when ale is in, wit is out. Mouiller trop son —; to drown the miller.

=vinage=, n.m., putting alcohol into wine.

=vinaigre=, n.m., vinegar.

=vinaigré=, =-e=, adj., seasoned with vinegar.

=vinaigrer=, v.a., to season with vinegar.

=vinaigrerie=, n.f., vinegar manufactory.

=vinaigrette=, n.f., vinegar sauce; meat seasoned with vinegar; Bath chair, hand-chair.

=vinaigrier=, n.m., vinegar merchant; vinegar cruet; (bot.) sumac tree.

=vinaire=, adj., for wine. Vaisseaux —s; wine-vessels, wine-casks.

=vinasse=, n.f., very weak wine.

=vindas= (-dâs), n.m., (tech.) windlass.

=vindicati-f=, =-ve=, adj., vindictive, revengeful.

=vindicte=, n.f., (jur.) prosecution (of crime). La — publique; prosecution (by the public prosecutor). À la — publique; held up to public reprobation.

=vinée=, n.f., crop of wine, vintage.

=viner=, v.a., to put alcohol into wine.

=vinetier= (vi-n-tié) or =vinettier= (-nè-tié), n.m., barberry-tree.

=vineu-x=, =-se=, adj., vinous; winy, wine-colored.

=vingt= (vīn), n.m. and adj., twenty, score; twentieth. Quatre-vingts hommes; eighty men. Quatre-vingt-six bœufs; eighty-six oxen. [Vingt takes an s when preceded and multiplied by another number, but remains invariable when it is followed by another number.]

=vingtaine= (vin-tè-n), n.f., a score, about twenty.

=vingt et un=, n.m., (n.p.) vingt-et-un (card game).

=vingtième= (vin-ti-èm), n.m. and adj., twentieth.

=vinicole=, adj., wine-growing, wine-producing.

=vinification=, n.f., wine-making.

=viol=, n.m., rape, violation; indecent assault.

=violacé=, =-e=, adj., violaceous; (med.) purple.

=violacées= or =violariées=, n.f.pl., (bot.) violaceæ.

=violat=, adj., of violets.

=violat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., violator, infringer, breaker, transgressor. adj., violating, transgressing, infringing.

=violation=, n.f., violation, transgression, breach, infringement.

=violâtre=, adj., inclining to a violet color, purplish.

=viole=, n.f., (mus.) tenor-violin; viol.

=violement= (viol-mān), n.m., (l.u.) violation; (old) infringement, infraction; rape.

=violemment= (-la-mān), adv., violently, with violence.

=violence=, n.f., violence; (jur.) force, stress. Faire — à quelqu’un; to offer violence to any one.

=violent=, =-e=, adj., violent; strong (of suspicion); (fig.) too bad. C’est par trop —; it is really too bad. Douleur —e; violent pain. Mort —e; violent death.

=violenter=, v.a., to force, to offer violence to; to compel, to constrain; to ill-use.

=violer=, v.a., to violate, to ravish; to break, to infringe, to transgress. — sa foi; to break one’s faith. — le droit des gens; to break the law of nations.

=violet=, n.m., violet-color.

=violet=, =-e=, adj., violet-colored.

=violette=, n.f., (bot.) violet. — tricolore; heart’s-ease, pansy. — de la chandeleur; snow-drop. — marine; Canterbury-bell.

=violeur=, n.m., violator, ravisher.

=violier=, n.m., wall-flower, gilly-flower. — des jardins; stock.

=violiste=, n.m., violist.

=violon=, n.m., violin, fiddle; violinist, violin-player, fiddler; cell, round-house, lock-up (prison). Mettre quelqu’un au —; to put any one in quod. Il a payé les —s; he paid the piper. Jouer du —; to play on the violin.

=violoncelle=, n.m., violoncello.

=violoncelliste=, n.m., violoncellist.

=violoniste=, n.m.f., violinist.

=viorne=, n.f., (bot.) viburnum.

=vipère=, n.f., viper, adder.

=vipereau=, n.m., young viper.

=vipérin=, =-e= (-rīn, -ri-n), adj., viperine.

=vipérine= (-ri-n), n.f., (bot.) viper’s-bugloss.

=virago=, n.f., virago, catamaran.

=virée=, n.f., veering.

=virelai=, n.m., virelay (ancient French poem on two rhymes).

=virement= (vir-mān), n.m., turning; (nav.) veering, tacking about; (fin.) clearing. — d’eau; (nav.) turn of the tide.

=virer=, v.n. and a., to turn, to turn about; (nav.) to tack; to heave. — de bord; (nav.) to tack about, to put about; (fig.) to change sides, to turn round, to rat. Vire! ’bout ship!

=vireur=, n.m., turning-gear; (phot.) toning.

=vireu-x=, =-se=, adj., poisonous, noxious, fetid, nauseous.

=virevau= or =vireveau= (vir-vô), n.m., (nav.) winch.

=virevaude=, n.f. V. =vire-vire=.

=virevent= (vir-vān), n.m., (orni.) kingfisher.

=vire vire=, n.f., (—) (nav.) whirlpool.

=virevolte=, n.f., (man.) volt right and left, quick turning.

☉=virevousse= or =virevouste=, n.f., bustle; (fig.) prevarication, shuffling, shifting.

=virginal=, =-e=, adj., virginal, maidenly.

=virginalement=, adv., maidenly, in a maiden-like manner.

=virginité=, n.f., virginity, maidenhead.

=virgouleuse=, n.f., a sort of winter pear.

=virgule=, n.f., (gram.) comma; (horl.) hook escapement. Point et —; semicolon.

=viril=, =-e=, adj., male, virile, manly. Age —; manhood, man’s estate.

=virilement= (-ril-mān), adv., manfully, manly, like a man.

=virilité=, n.f., virility, manhood, man’s estate, vigor, force.

=virole=, n.f., ferrule.

=virolé=, =-e=, adj., (her.) virole.

=viroler=, v.a., to ferrule, to hoop.

=virtualité=, n.f., virtuality, potentiality.

=virtuel=, =-le=, adj., virtual, potential.

=virtuellement= (-èl-mān), adv., virtually, potentially.

=virtuose=, n.m.f., virtuoso.

=virulence=, n.f., virulence, virulency.

=virulent=, =-e=, adj., virulent.

=virus= (-rus), n.m., virus.

=vis= (vis), n.f., screw. Escalier à —; winding, corkscrew staircase.

=visa=, n.m., (—) visa, signature, indorsement (on passports).

=visage=, n.m., face, visage; countenance, aspect, look, air. — pâle; pale face. À deux —s; double-faced. À — découvert; openly, bare-facedly. Avoir bon —; to look well. Faire bon, or mauvais, — à quelqu’un; to look pleasantly, or unpleasantly, at any one; to give any one a good, or bad, reception. Se composer le —; to compose one’s countenance. Changer de —; to change countenance; to turn pale; to have one’s face at command. Trouver — de bois; to find the door shut, to find nobody there.

=vis-à-vis=, adv., opposite, in juxtaposition.

=vis-à-vis= (vi-za-vî), n.m., (—) vis-a-vis (in dancing); vis-a-vis (carriage); opposite neighbor (at table).

=vis-à-vis=, prep., opposite, over against, over the way; towards, relatively. — de l’église; opposite the church.

=viscéral=, =-e= (vis-sé-), adj., visceral.

=viscère= (vis-sèr), n.f., (anat.) viscus. pl., viscera, vital organs.

=viscosité=, n.f., viscosity, viscidity, viscousness; clamminess.

=visée=, n.f., aim; end; design, plan, scheme.

=viser=, v.n., to aim, to take aim; to aspire (to), to endeavor. Il visait à ce but; that was his goal.

=viser=, v.a., to aim, to aim (at), to take aim (at); to drive (at); to countersign, to indorse (passports). Faire — un passeport; to get a passport countersigned, or indorsed.

=viseur=, n.m., aimer.

=vishnou= (vis-noo), n.m., Vishnu (name of one of the Hindoo deities).

=visibilité=, n.f., visibility, visibleness, obviousness.

=visible=, adj., visible, evident, manifest, obvious.

=visiblement=, adv., visibly, evidently, manifestly, obviously.

=visière=, n.f., visor (of a helmet); foresight (of fire-arms); shade (for the eyes); peak (of caps, etc.); (fam.) eyesight. Rompre en — à quelqu’un; to break one’s lance in the visor of one’s adversary; (fig.) to attack any one to his face; to break off with, to fall out with. Elle lui a donné dans la —; he was smitten with her.

=visigoth= (-gô), n.m., Visigoth; barbarian, Goth.

=vision=, n.f., vision, sight, phantom, chimera, fancy.

=visionnaire=, n.m.f. and adj., a visionary, a dreamer; visionary, fanciful.

=visir=, n.m. V. =vizir=.

=visirat=, n.m. V. =vizirat=.

=visitandine=, n.f., Visitandine (nun).

=visitation=, n.f., visitation. L’ordre de la —; the Order of the Visitation.

=visite=, n.f., visit; call; visiting; visitation; examination, inspection, search. Aller en —; to go visiting. En —; visiting, on a visit; as a visitor. Faire —, rendre —, à quelqu’un; to make a call upon any one, to pay any one a visit. Rendre sa — à quelqu’un; to return any one his, or her, call. Faire la — des caves; to search the cellars. Droit de —; right of search. Faire la — des bagages; to examine baggage.

=visiter=, v.a. and n., to visit; to make a visit, a visitation; to search, to examine, to inspect, to look. — un vaisseau; to search a ship.

=visiteu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., visitor; searcher.

=vison=, n.m., American marten.

=vison-visu=, adv., opposite one another.

=visorium= (-om), n.m., (print.) copy-holder, catch, jigger.

=visqueu-x=, =-se=, adj., viscous, slimy, clammy, sticky.

=vissage=, n.m., screwing.

=visser=, v.a., to screw; to screw on; to screw up; to screw down.

se =visser=, v.r., to screw; to screw on; to screw up; to screw down; to be screwed.

=visserie=, n.f., screws.

=visu= (=de=), adv., with one’s own eyes.

=visuel=, =-le=, adj., visual.

=vital=, =-e=, adj., vital, essential.

=vitalement= (-tal-mān), adv., vitally; essentially.

=vitalisme=, n.m., doctrine of the vitalists.

=vitaliste=, n.m., vitalist.

=vitalité=, n.f., vitality.

=vitchoura=, n.m., (—s) fur greatcoat.

=vite=, adj., swift, quick, fleet, speedy, rapid. Pouls —; quick pulse. — comme le vent; as fleet as the wind.

=vite=, adv., quick, quickly, fast, speedily; rapidly; expeditiously. Allez —; go quickly. Aller — en besogne; to be quick at work; (fig.) not to mince matters. —! quick! —! —! quick! make haste! look sharp. Au plus —; as fast as possible; that instant, that very moment. Faire —; to be quick, to make haste, to expedite matters. Allons! plus — que ça; come! hurry up! look sharp about it!

=vitelotte= (vi-tlot), n.f., kidney potato.

=vitement= (vil-mān), adv., quickly, speedily.

=vitesse=, n.f., swiftness, speed, celerity, quickness, rapidity. À la — de; at a speed of, at the rate of. Gagner quelqu’un de —; to outstrip, to outrun, any one. À grande —; at full speed. À toute —; at full speed. Train de grande —; (railways) express, express train. Train de petite —; goods train, slow train.

=vitex=, n.m., (bot.) vitex, chaste-tree.

=viticole=, adj., relating, pertaining to vine culture, wine-growing.

=viticulture=, n.f., vine-culture; viticulture.

=vitonnière=, n.f., (nav.) timber-hole.

=vitrage=, n.m., glazing; glass windows; glass partition.

=vitrail=, n.m., stained glass window, church-window.

=vitre=, n.f., window-glass or pane; pane of glass; window. Carreau de —; pane of glass. Casser les —s; to break the windows; (fig.) to speak boldly, to speak out one’s mind, not to mince matters.

=vitré=, =-e=, adj., glazed; (of doors) glass; (anat.) vitreous. Porte —e; glass door.

=vitrer=, v.a., to furnish with glass windows, to glaze.

=vitrerie=, n.f., glaziery, glazier’s work.

=vitrescibilité=, n.f., vitrescence.

=vitrescible=, adj., vitrescible.

=vitreu-x=, =-se=, adj., vitreous, glassy.

=vitri-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., glazier; glazier’s wife.

=vitrifiable=, adj., vitrifiable.

=vitrification=, n.f., vitrification.

=vitrifier=, v.a., to vitrify.

se =vitrifier=, v.r., to vitrify.

=vitrine=, n.f., shop-window; show-case; glass case (in museums, etc.).

=vitriol=, n.m., vitriol.

=vitriolé=, =-e=, adj., vitriolated.

=vitriolique=, adj., vitriolic.

=vitriolisation=, n.f., vitriolation.

=vitupérer=, v.a., to vituperate, to reprimand.

=vivable=, adj., (fam.) sociable, pleasant to live with.

=vivace=, adj., long-lived, perennial; inveterate, deep-rooted. Plantes —s; perennial plants, perennials.

=vivacité=, n.f., vivacity, vivaciousness, liveliness, sprightliness, briskness; spirit, life, animation; ardor, vividness, brightness.

=vivandi-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., sutler, canteen-man or woman.

=vivant=, =-e=, adj., living, alive; quick, animate, animated. Langue —e; living language. Rue —e; lively street.

=vivant=, n.m., person living, person alive; determined character; life, lifetime. De son —; in his lifetime. Du — de son frère; when his brother was alive. Un bon —; a jolly, or boon, companion; a high liver.

=vivat= (-vat), int., hurrah! huzza! Pousser des —; to cheer to the echo.

=vivat= (-vat), n.m., (—s) hurra, huzza. Crier —; to cheer, to hurra.

=vive=, n.f., (ich.) viver, weever.

☉=vive-la-joie=, n.m., (—) jolly, boon companion.

=vivelle=, n.f., darn, darning; gusset.

=vivement= (viv-mān), adv., quickly, briskly, sharply, smartly, vigorously, eagerly, keenly, deeply; angrily; poignantly; acutely; spiritedly; with animation.

=viveur=, n.m., high liver, free liver, fast man, man about town.

=vivier=, n.m., fish-pond.

=vivifiant=, =-e=, adj., vivifying, quickening, strengthening, recuperating, refreshing; invigorating, life-giving.

=vivification=, n.f., vivification, vivifying; revival.

=vivifier=, v.a., to vivify, to quicken; to give life to, to enliven, to animate, to refresh, to revive.

=vivifique=, adj., (l.u.) vivifying, life-giving. V. =vivifiant=.

=vivipare=, adj., viviparous.

=vivisecter=, v.a., to vivisect.

=vivisecteur=, n.m., vivisector.

=vivisection=, n.f., vivisection.

=vivoter=, v.n., to live poorly; to live from hand to mouth, to make shift to live, to rub along; to keep body and soul together.

=vivre= (vivant, vécu), v.n., to live, to be living, to be alive; to exist, to subsist, to be maintained, to board, to take one’s meals at; to behave. Il vit mal; he lives badly. Il vit mal avec son frère; he is on bad terms with his brother. Il vit aux dépens d’autrui; he lives at other people’s expense. Bien —; to live a good life. — bien; to live well (to have abundance of everything). Il fait cher — à Londres; living is dear in London. Faire —; to feed, to keep alive, to maintain. — de son travail; to live by one’s labor. — d’industrie, — d’invention; (b.s.) to live by one’s wits. — d’espérance; to live in hopes. Il faut que tout le monde vive; everybody must live. — dans les sapes; (Saint-Simon) to be mixed up in underhand intrigues. — en prince; to live like a prince. Savoir —; to be a person of good manners, of good breeding. Il ne sait pas —; he has no manners. Apprendre à —; to learn, or to teach, manners. Vive le roi! long live the king! Vive! hurrah for! Ne pas trouver âme qui vive; not to find a soul at home. Qui vivra verra; he who lives longest will see most. Il fait bon — ici; this is a good place to live in. Vivent les ministres! long live the ministers!

=vivre=, n.m., living, board, food. pl., provisions, victuals. Couper les —s à quelqu’un; to cut off any one’s supplies. Agents des —s; (nav.) agent-victualer. Bureau des —s; victualing-office.

=vivres-pain=, n.m.pl., (n.s.) (milit., nav.) bread-store.

=vivres-viande=, n.m.pl., (n.s.) (milit., nav.) meat-store.

=vivrier=, n.m., victualer.

=vizir=, n.m., vizier.

=vizirat= or =viziriat=, n.m., vizierate, viziership.

=vocable=, n.m., vocable, word, term, name.

=vocabulaire=, n.m., vocabulary.

=vocabuliste=, n.m., (l.u.) author of a vocabulary.

=vocal=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., (ecc.) vocal (voter).

=vocal=, =-e=, adj., vocal.

=vocalement= (-kal-mān), adv., (l.u.) vocally, orally.

=vocalisation=, n.f., vocalization.

=vocalise=, n.f., piece of music for exercising the voice.

=vocaliser=, v.n., (mus.) to vocalize.

=vocatif=, n.m., (gram.) vocative, vocative case.

=vocation=, n.f., vocation, calling, call; inclination; destination, talent. Suivre sa —; to follow one’s vocation, one’s bent.

=vociférat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., clamorer, brawler, adj., clamoring, brawling, roaring.

=vociférations=, n.f.pl., vociferations.

=vociférer=, v.a. and n., to vociferate, to cry out, to roar.

=vœu=, n.m., vow; votive offering; vote, suffrage; prayer, wish, will, desire, pl., vows (religious ceremony). Faire — de jeûner; to make a vow of abstinence. Faire des —x pour quelqu’un; to offer up prayers for any one, to wish any one success. Être au comble de ses —x; to have reached the summit of one’s happiness.

=vogue= (vog), n.f., (nav.) rowing, sailing, going; (fig.) vogue, fashion, credit, repute, reputation. Avoir de la —; to be in vogue, in fashion. Mettre en —; to bring into vogue, into fashion. Succès de —; temporary success.

=vogue-avant=, n.m., bow-oarsman, bow.

=voguer= (-ghé), v.n., (nav.) to impel a boat (by rowing); to ride, to sail; to row (l.u.). V. =ramer=, =nager=. Vogue la galère! come what may!

☉=vogueur= (-gheur), n.m., rower; cork-bladder.

=voici=, prep., see here, behold, here is, here are, here come, this is, these are. — mon livre, voilà le vôtre; here is my book, there is yours. En — bien d’une autre; this is still more singular. Me —, le voilà; here I am, there he is, here he comes. Monsieur que —; this gentleman. Le — qui vient; here he comes. Nous y —; here we are. — venir votre frère; here comes your brother. — venir le printemps; spring is coming, is at hand, is near.

=voie=, n.f., way, road, track; path, organ, medium, channel; course, breadth (between the wheels of carriages); (hunt.) track (of deer, boars); conveyance, means of conveyance; load (of wood, stone, sand); means; (nav.) leak; (railways) gauge, permanent way, four-foot way; (chem.) process. Il est toujours par — et par chemin; he is always rambling about, always on the move. La — lactée; the Milky Way. — d’eau; two pailfuls of water; (nav.) leak. Faire une — d’eau; (nav.) to spring a leak. Boucher une — d’eau; to stop a leak. —s de fait; (jur.) assault, blows. En venir aux —s de fait; to come to blows. — ferrée; railway, railroad. Les affaires sont en — de hausse; things are looking up. Être sur la —; to be on the track, on the scent. Être en — de; to be in a fair way (of). — de garage, — d’évitement; (railways) siding, shunting-line.

=voilà=, prep., see there, behold, that is, those are, there is, there are. — l’homme; that is the man. Le —; there he is. Ah! vous —; oh! there you are. — qui va bien; that is getting on well now, that’s all right now, that’s capital. Le — qui arrive; there he comes. — qu’on m’appelle; I am called, some one is calling me. Comme la — triste! how sad she is! Comme vous — fait! what a strange figure you cut! what a plight you are in! — ce que c’est; that is what it is. — tout; that is all. En — assez; that is enough. En —-t-il! what a lot there is! En — pour! that will do for. — comme vous êtes; that is just like you. — comme je suis; you must take me as I am, I’m that sort of man. Ne —-t-il pas que ...; why, I declare it is ... or lo! and behold! it is ... Comme le — sale! see how dirty he is. — près d’un an; it is now nearly a year. — une heure qu’il parle; he has been speaking for an hour. Ne —-t-il pas qu’il pleut; well! I declare, it is raining.

=voile=, n.m., vail; cover, mask, disguise; cloak, color, show, pretense. Avoir un — devant les yeux; to have a mist before one’s eyes.

=voile=, n.f., (nav.) sail; (fig.) sail, ship. La — de misaine; the foresail. La — d’artimon; the mizzen. — de fortune; lug sail. Faire force de —s; to crowd all sail. Aller à —s et à rames; to go with sails and oars. Déployer les —s; to unfurl the sails. À pleines —s or à toutes —s; (nav.) with full sail, all sails set; at full speed; (fig.) willingly, heartily. Faire —; to sail. Caler la —; to strike sail. Mettre à la —; to set sail. À la —; under sail, sailing.

=voilé=, =-e=, adj., (nav.) provided with sails, rigged; (fig.) veiled, dull, dim, soft, gentle. Peu —; broad (of hints or language).

=voiler=, v.a., to veil, to cover; to cloak, to color, to blind, to disguise, to conceal, to muffle.

se =voiler=, v.r., to wear a veil; to be veiled, concealed, covered, muffled.

=voilerie= (voal-rî), n.f., (nav.) sail-loft; sail-making.

=voilier=, n.m., sail-maker; sailer (ship). Un bon —; a fast sailer (ship).

=voilure=, n.f., set of sails; trim of the sails.

=voir= (voyant, vu), v.a., to see; to look at, to behold, to observe, to view; to witness; to inspect, to superintend; to overlook; to keep company with; to be on visiting terms with, to frequent the society of. Je l’ai vu de mes propres yeux; I have seen it with my own eyes. Il veut tout — par lui-même; he insists on seeing everything with his own eyes, or for himself. Que vois-je? what do I see? — quelque chose en songe; to see anything in a dream. — le jour; to be born, to see the light of day. Faire —; to show, to let see. On n’a jamais rien vu de pareil; the like was never seen before. Vit-on jamais rien d’égal? was anything like it ever seen? Voyez ce tableau; look at that picture. Faire — du pays à quelqu’un; to lead any one a dance. — tout en beau; to see the bright side of anything. Il ne voit personne; he sees no company. Se faire —; to appear, to show one’s self. Je vous vois venir; I see what you are driving at.

se =voir=, v.r., to see one’s self; to see one another; to visit one another; to be, or to find, one’s self. Ils ne se voient point; they do not visit one another, they are not on visiting terms.

=voir=, v.n., to see; to have one’s sight; to superintend; to inspect, to look, to look out. Je vois bien quelle est son intention; I see plainly what he is driving at. Je ne vois point à quoi cela peut servir; I don’t see what purpose that can serve. Je lui ferai bien — à qui il s’adresse; I’ll show him what sort of a person he has to deal with. — clair; to see clearly. Y — trouble; to see dimly. Au vu et au su de tout le monde; openly, before every one. Ceci est à —; it remains to be seen. — de loin; to be far-sighted. N’y — goutte; not to see a bit, not to see a wink, not to see in the least. Voyons! let us see! come! now then! Ma maison voit sur un jardin; my house looks out into a garden.

=voire=, adv., even; ☉indeed, truly. — même; nay even.

=voirie=, n.f., commission of public ways or highways; common sewer, carrion, offal.

=voisin=, =-e=, adj., neighboring, bordering, adjacent, next; next door. La maison —e; the next house. Être — de sa ruine; (fig.) to be on the verge of ruin.

=voisin=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., neighbor. Être —s; to be next-door neighbors.

=voisinage=, n.m., neighborhood; vicinity; proximity, nearness; neighbors; (jur.) venue, visne.

=voisiner=, v.n., to visit one’s neighbors; to go a neighboring.

=voiturage=, n.m., conveying, transporting, carriage of goods (in cars, carts, vans, etc.).

=voiture=, n.f., carriage; coach; conveyance, vehicle; fare; load. — publique; stage-coach. — à deux chevaux; coach, or carriage, and pair. — de maître; private carriage. — d’arrosement; watering cart. — à bagages; luggage van. Station de —; cab-rank. — de louage; hired carriage. — de place; cab, hackney-carriage. — de remise; fly, hired carriage. Bureau de la —; coach-office. Place de —s; cab-stand. Descendre de —; to alight from a carriage. Se promener en —, aller en —; to ride in a carriage, to drive.

=voiturer=, v.a., to carry, to convey, to transport, to cart.

=voiturier=, n.m., carrier; wagoner; driver. V. =roulier=.

=voiturin=, n.m., driver (owner of a carriage usually lent on hire); the carriage so hired.

=voix=, n.f., voice, tone, sound; vote, suffrage; opinion, judgment; singer. — grêle; faint voice. — de tête; falsetto, head-note. Faire la petite —; to speak small. — aiguë; shrill voice. De vive —; by word of mouth, orally. À — basse; in a low voice, in an undertone, in a whisper. À haute —; in a loud voice, loudly, audibly. Aller aux —; to put to the vote, to divide. Donner sa —; to give one’s vote. Mettre aux —; to put to the vote. Aux —! vote! divide! À l’unanimité des —; without a dissentient voice. D’une seule, or d’une commune, —; with one voice, unanimously.

=vol=, n.m., robbery, theft, robbing, extortion, fleecing; larceny; stolen goods. — de nuit avec effraction; burglary. — de grand chemin; highway robbery. On l’a trouvé saisi du —; they found the stolen goods upon him.

=vol=, n.m., flying; flight, soaring; flock; cast (of hawks). Prendre un — trop haut; to soar too high. Prendre son —; to soar, to take one’s flight, or its flight. À — d’oiseau; as the crow flies. Au —; flying, on the wing.

=volable=, adj., liable to be stolen.

=volage=, adj., fickle, volatile, inconstant, unsteady, flighty. La jeunesse est —; youth is inconstant, flighty.

*=volaille=, n.f., poultry, fowl. Marchand de —; poulterer.

*=volailler=, n.m., poulterer; poultry-yard.

=volant=, =-e=, adj., flying, loose, floating, volatile; movable, portable (of paper), loose; (nav.) traveling; (paint.) floating (of drapery). Assiettes —es; extras, extra dishes.

=volant=, n.m., shuttle-cock; flounce (of a dress); fly-wheel (of machinery); sail (of a windmill). Jouer au —; to play at battle-door and shuttle-cock.

=volatil=, =-e=, adj., volatile; airy, light.

=volatile=, n.m.f., and adj., winged animal; winged.

=volatilisation=, n.f., volatilization.

=volatiliser=, v.a., to volatilize.

se =volatiliser=, v.r., to volatilize, to become volatilized.

=volatilité=, n.f., volatility, volatileness.

*=volatille=, n.f., (fam.) small birds for the table.

=vol-au-vent=, n.m., (—) (cook.) vol-au-vent, puff-paste.

=volcan=, n.m., volcano.

=volcanique=, adj., volcanic.

=volcanisé=, =-e=, adj., vulcanized.

=volcanite=, n.m., vulcanite.

=vole=, n.f., vole (at cards).

=volée=, n.f., flight (of birds); flock; covey, bevy, brood; rank; discharge (of one gun); volley (of guns); shower (of blows); peal (of bells); swing-tree, splinter-bar or bar (of a coach); drubbing, thrashing. Il a pris sa —; he has taken wings. Tirer à toute —; to fire a random shot. Sonner à toute —; to ring a full peal. À toute —; (of bells) in full and furious swing. Une — de coups de bâton; a shower of blows. Être de la première —; to be of the first water, of high rank; tip-top, crack, swell. Haute —; high rank, high class, society, aristocracy. Donner une — à quelqu’un; to give any one a drubbing. À la —; flying, in the air; (fig.) at random, rashly, unthinkingly. Entre bond et —; at a lucky moment.

=voler=, v.n., to fly, to fly about, to take wings, to soar, to be upon the wing. Le temps vole; time flies. — en éclats; to fly into pieces. Entendre — une mouche; to hear a pin drop.

=voler=, v.a., (hawking) to chase; to fly at, to fly.

=voler=, v.a., to steal, to rob, to fleece; to plunder; to take away, to usurp. — la bourse de quelqu’un; to steal any one’s purse. — de l’argent; to steal money. Ne l’avoir pas volé; to have richly deserved it, to have well earned it; to have got one’s deserts.

=voler=, v.n., to steal, to rob. — sur le grand chemin; to rob on the highway.

☉=volereau= (vol-rô), n.m., petty thief, pilferer.

=volerie= (vol-rî), n.f., robbery; robbing, pilfering; (falconry) flying.

=volet=, n.m., shutter, window-shutter; pigeon-house; dove-cot; ledge (of a pigeon-house), sorting-board (for seeds); (bot.) water-lily; (nav.) boat-compass.

=voleter= (vol-té), v.n., to flutter, to hover, to flicker.

=volette=, n.f., small hurdle, fly-net (for a horse).

=voleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., thief, robber, stealer, extortioner, fleecer. — de grand chemin; highwayman, foot-pad. Au —! stop thief! Crier au —; to cry out, stop thief! Quand les —s se battent, les larcins se découvrent; when thieves fall out, honest men get their own. Être fait comme un —; to be in tatters.

=volière=, n.f., aviary, pigeon-house, large bird-cage.

=volige=, n.f., (carp.) scantling, batten.

=volition=, n.f., volition.

=volontaire=, n.m.f. and adj., obstinate, headstrong person; voluntary; intended, intentional; spontaneous; obstinate, willful, heady, headstrong.

=volontaire=, n.m., volunteer.

=volontairement= (-tèr-mān), adv., voluntarily, willingly, willfully, intentionally, spontaneously.

=volontariat=, n.m., (milit.) condition of the volunteer; volunteering.

=volonté=, n.f., will, mind, pleasure, intention, way. pl., whims, fancies, caprices. La bonne — est réputée pour le fait; the will is as good as the deed. Tout plie sous sa —; everything yields to his will. Il aime à faire ses —s; he likes to have his own way. Dernières —s; last will and testament. Bonne —; good-will, readiness, willingness. Avoir de la bonne —; to be willing. Mauvaise —; ill-will, unwillingness. À —; at pleasure, at will.

=volontiers= (-tié), adv., willingly, readily, gladly, with pleasure.

=volsque=, n.m.f., and adj., Volscian.

=voltaïque=, adj., voltaic. Pile —; voltaic pile.

=voltairien=, n.m., =-ne=, n.f., voltairian (a follower of Voltaire).

=voltaïsme=, n.m., voltaism.

=volte=, n.f., (fenc., man.) volt.

=volte-face=, n.f., (—) turning of the head, turning round. —! face about! Faire —; (milit.) to face about; (fig.) to turn completely round, to rat.

=volter=, v.n., (fenc.) to make a volt.

=voltige=, n.f., slack-rope; dancing on the slack-rope; tumbling; (man.) vaulting.

=voltigeant=, =-e= (-jan,-t), adj., fluttering, hovering.

=voltigement= (-tij-mān), n.m., tumbling; hovering, flying, fluttering, flutter; vaulting on a slack-rope.

=voltiger=, v.n., to flutter, to fly about, to hover; to vault on a slack rope, or on a horse; to tumble.

=voltigeur=, n.m., vaulter, voltigeur, tumbler, leaper; (milit.) footsoldier. pl., riflemen, light infantry.

=volubile=, adj., (bot.) volubile, volubilate, voluble.

=volubilis=, n.m., (bot.) convolvulus.

=volubilité=, n.f., volubility, rapidity, fluency. — de langue; volubility.

=voluble=, adj., (bot.) volubile, volubilate; voluble, fluent, quick (of speech).

=volume=, n.m., volume; bulk, size, mass; compass (of the voice).

=volumineu-x=, =-se=, adj., voluminous, bulky, large, considerable.

=volupté=, n.f., voluptuousness; pleasure, delight, luxury. Il y a de la — à boire quand on a soif; it is a luxury to drink when one is thirsty.

=voluptuaire=, n.m., adj., voluptuary; luxurious; (jur.) of expenses on ornamental repairs.

=voluptueusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., voluptuously.

=voluptueu-x=, =-se=, n. and adj., voluptuary, epicure; voluptuous, sensual.

=volute=, n.f., (arch.) volute, scroll; (conch.) voluta.

=voluté=, =-e=, adj., voluted, scrolled.

=voluter=, v.a., to wind silk thread; (arch.) to make volutes, to scroll.

=volva= or =volve=, n.f., (bot.) volva, wrapper.

=volvé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) having a volva.

☉=volvulus= (-lus), n.m., (med.) ileus, (bot.) convolvulus.

=vomer= (vomèr), n.m., (anat.) os vomer.

=vomique=, n.f., (med.) vomica.

=vomique=, adj., vomic. Noix —; vomic-nut; nux vomica.

=vomiquier=, n.m., (bot.) strychnos nux vomica, nux vomica tree.