Heath's French and English dictionary (part 7 of 19)

Heath's French and English dictionary (part 7 of 19)

=pavé=, n.m., paving-stone; pavement; paved road; road-way, street, streets. Être sur le —; to be without a home; to be on the streets. Battre le —; to idle or lounge about town. Tâter le —; not to walk firmly. Le haut du —; the wall side. Tenir le haut du —; to hold the first rank. Brûler le —; to drive like the wind, to tear along the road. Être sur le — du roi; to be on the king’s highway. Mettre sur le —; to turn into the streets; to turn out of the house; to turn out of employment. Les pavés le disent; the thing is in every one’s mouth.

=pavement= (pav-mān), n.m., paving; pavement.

=paver=, v.a., to pave.

=pavesade=, n.f., (nav.) pavisade.

=paveur=, n.m., pavier, pavior.

=pavie=, n.m., cling-stone peach.

*=pavillon=, n.m., pavilion, summer-house; wing, outhouse, lodge; tent, flag, standard; (c.rel.) veil of the tabernacle; bell (of a trumpet). Amener son —; to strike her flag (of a ship). — blanc; flag of truce. — de poupe; ensign. Hisser le —; to hoist the flag. Baisser —; to yield, to give in, to surrender. Vaisseau —; flag-ship.

=pavois=, n.m., shield; (nav.) armor.

=pavoisement=, n.m., (nav.) dressing with flags.

=pavoiser=, v.a., (nav.) to adorn with flags; to dress.

=pavot=, n.m., (bot.) poppy.

=payable=, adj., payable.

=payant=, =-e=, adj., paying. Carte —e; bill (at an eating-house). Billet —; paid ticket.

=payant=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., payer, person who pays.

=paye= (pè-ye), n.f., pay, salary; wages; (fam.) paymaster. Une bonne —; a good paymaster. Morte-— (—s-—s); old servant kept and paid without doing any work; defaulting tax-payer. Haute —; (milit.) extra pay for good conduct stripes.

=payement= (pè-mān), n.m., payment. Jour de —; pay-day. Non-—, (—-—s) non-payment.

=payen=, =-ne=, adj. V. =païen=.

=payer=, v.a., to pay, to pay for, to pay off, to pay away, to recompense, to reward, to requite; to expiate, to atone for, to satisfy, to indemnify. — trop; to overpay. — argent comptant; to pay cash down. Se faire —; to get paid, to get one’s money. Qui répond paye; the bail must pay. — quelqu’un d’ingratitude; to reward any one with ingratitude. — de belles paroles; to pay with fine speeches. — le tribut à la nature; to pay the debt of nature. — en même monnaie; to pay in like coin. — les violons; to pay the piper. — d’effronterie; to brazen it out. — d’audace; to face it out. Il me la payera; he shall pay for it; I’ll be revenged on him for it. Vous en payerez la folle enchère; you shall pay dear for your rashness. — de sa personne; to expose one’s self to danger; to risk one’s skin; (fig.) to exert one’s self. Être payé pour savoir; to know a thing to one’s cost. Ce n’est pas payé; (at billiards, etc.), that’s hard lines (when a stroke has just been missed).

se =payer=, v.r., to be satisfied; to be bought, to treat one’s self to. Se — de raisons; to be satisfied with reasons. Cela ne peut pas se —; that cannot be bought, that cannot be had for money. Je ne me paye pas de mauvaises raisons; nothing but good reasons will satisfy me. Je me paierai un habit neuf; I shall treat myself to a new coat.

=payeu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., paymaster; payer.

=pays= (pè-yee), n.m., country, fatherland, birthplace, native place, home; part of the country, place, district; (pop.) fellow-countryman. Gagner du —; to get on, to make progress. Courir le —; to ramble, to rove about. Battre le —; to wander about; (mil.) to scour the country. Être en — de connaissance; to be among friends. Savoir la carte du —; to know one’s ground, one’s people. — perdu; out-of-the-way place, waste, desert. — natal; native country. De quel — êtes-vous? what countryman are you? Avoir le mal du —; to be home-sick. Nul n’est prophète en son —; no man is a prophet in his own country. Il est bien de son —; he is very simple, very credulous. À vue de —; at first sight, by guess. Faire voir du — à quelqu’un; to lead any one a dance. — ruiné vaut mieux que — perdu; half a loaf is better than no bread.

=paysage= (pè-i-zaj), n.m., landscape, scenery; landscape-painting.

=paysag-er=, =-ère=, adj., rustic, country.

=paysagiste= (pè-i-za-jist), n.m., landscape-painter.

=paysan= (pè-i-zan), n.m., =-ne= (-za-n), n.f., countryman; countrywoman; peasant, rustic.

=paysannerie= (pè-i-za-n-rî), n.f., rusticity, country manners.

=payse=, n.f., (pop.) fellow countrywoman.

=péage=, n.m., toll, due; toll-house.

=péager=, n.m., toll-gatherer.

=peau=, n.f., skin, hide, fell, peel; rind, pelt, fur; (fig., fam.) person. — d’oignons; onion-peel. — de fruit; skin of fruit. Oter la —; to peel. Contes de — d’âne; nursery tales, fairy tales. Être dans la — de quelqu’un; to be in any one’s shoes. Il ne faut pas vendre la — de l’ours avant de l’avoir tué; do not count your chickens before they are hatched. — de soie; Japanese silk.

=peausserie= (pô-srî), n.f., peltry; skinner’s trade.

=peaussier= (pô-sié), n.m., skinner, skin-dresser.

=peaussier=, adj., (anat.) cutaneous (muscle).

=pébrine=, n.f., disease (in silk-worms).

=pec=, adj., newly salted (of herrings).

=pécari=, n.m., peccary, Mexican boar.

=peccable= (pèk-kabl), adj., peccable, faulty.

=peccadille=, n.f., peccadillo, slight offense.

☉=peccant=, =-e= (pèk-kān, -t), adj., (med.) morbid, not healthy, peccant.

=peccata=, n.m., (—) (pop.) an ass; fool, dolt, blockhead.

=peccavi= (pèk-ka-vi), n.m., (—) peccavi.

=pêche=, n.f., (bot.) peach. — hâtive; early peach. — tardive; late peach.

=pêche=, n.f., fishing, angling. La — à la ligne; angling. Aller à la —; to go out fishing. Ligne de —; fishing line.

=péché=, n.m., sin, trespass, transgression. — originel; original sin. — mignon; besetting sin. — grave; heinous sin. — irrémissible; unpardonable sin. Racheter ses —s; to redeem one’s sins. À tout — miséricorde; there is mercy for every sin. Rechercher les vieux —s de quelqu’un; to rake up the old sins of any one. Être laide comme les sept —s capitaux; to be as ugly as sin. Se dire les sept —s mortels; to abuse one another mercilessly. — avoué est à demi pardonné; a fault confessed is half redressed.

=pécher=, v.n., to sin, to transgress, to trespass; to offend; to err; to be deficient, to fail. — contre la bienséance; to offend against decency. Ce n’est pas par là qu’il pèche; that is not his failing.

=pêcher=, v.a. and n., to fish, to angle, to fish for, to fish up, to drag out; to find, to pick up. — à la ligne; to angle for, with rod and line. — un étang; to draw a pond. — en eau trouble; to fish in troubled waters. — au plat; to pick into the dish. Où avez-vous pêché cela? where did you pick that up or where did you get hold of that?

=pêcher=, n.m., peach-tree.

=pécheresse= (pé-shrès), n.f. V. =pécheur=.

=pêcherie= (pê-shrî), n.f., fishing-place; fishery, fish-pond.

=péche-ur=, n.m., =-resse=, n.f., sinner.

=pêcheu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., fisher, angler, fisherman, fisherwoman. — à la ligne; angler. Ligne de —; fishing-line.

=pêcheu-r=, =-se=, adj., fishing.

=pécore=, n.f., stupid creature, blockhead, animal, creature.

=pecque=, n.f., silly, conceited woman or girl.

=pectiné=, =-e=, adj., pectinal, comb-shaped.

=pectoral=, =-e=, adj., pectoral.

=pectoral=, n.m., breast-plate; (med.) pectoral.

=péculat=, n.m., peculation, embezzlement. Être coupable de —; to peculate.

=péculateur=, n.m., (l.u.) peculator.

=pécule=, n.m., savings, earnings, hoard.

☉=pécune=, n.f., ready money, cash, tin.

=pécuniaire=, adj., pecuniary.

=pécunieu-x=, =-se=, adj., moneyed.

=pédagogie=, n.f., pedagogy.

=pédagogique=, adj., pedagogical.

=pédagogue=, n.m., pedagogue.

=pédale=, n.f., pedal; treadle; foot-board.

☉=pédané=, adj., formerly said of judges who tried cases standing up.

=pédant=, =-e=, n. and adj., pedant; pedantic.

☉=pédanter=, v.n. V. =pédantiser=.

=pédanterie= (pé-dan-trî), n.f., pedantry.

=pédantesque=, adj., pedantic.

=pédantesquement=, adv., pedantically.

=pédantiser=, v.n., to act, or play, the pedant.

=pédantisme=, n.f., pedantry.

=pédéraste=, n.m., pederast.

=pédérastie=, n.f., pederasty.

=pédestre=, adj., pedestrian, on foot.

=pédestrement=, adv., on foot. Aller —; to go on foot.

=pédicelle=, n.m., (bot.) pedicle, pedicel.

=pédiculaire=, adj., pedicular.

=pédiculaire=, n.f., (bot.) pedicularis, louse-wort.

=pédicule=, n.m., (bot.) pedicel; (med.) neck.

=pédiculé=, =-e=, adj., pedicellate.

=pédicure=, n.m.f., corn-cutter; chiropodist.

=pédiforme=, adj., foot-shaped.

=pédiluve=, n.m., (med.) pediluvium, foot-bath.

=pédimane=, n.m. and adj., (mam.) pedimane; pedimanous.

=pédomètre=, n.m., pedometer.

=pédon=, n.m., courier on foot, runner.

=pédonculaire=, adj., (bot.) peduncular.

=pédoncule=, n.m., (bot.) peduncle, flower-stalk.

=pédonculé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) pedunculate.

=pégase=, n.m., Pegasus.

=pègle=, n.f., pitch (from wood).

=pègre=, n.m., thief. n.f., light-fingered gentry.

*=peignage=, n.m., combing, wool-combing.

*=peigne=, n.m., comb; (paint.) graining-tool. — fin; small-tooth comb. — à démêler; large-tooth comb. Être sale comme un —; to be as dirty as you like.

*=peigné=, =-e=, part., combed; (fig.) elaborate, labored. Un jardin bien —; a well-kept garden. Un mal — or un malpeigné; a dirty, slovenly, ill-dressed fellow.

=peignée=, n.f., cardful (of wool).

*=peigner=, v.a., to comb, to card; (pop.) to beat, to drub; to polish (style).

se =peigner=, v.r., to comb one’s self; (pop.) to beat one another.

=peignerie=, n.f., comb manufactory; comb-trade.

*=peigneu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., (manu.) comber.

*=peignier=, n.m., comb-maker.

*=peignoir=, n.m., dressing-gown, wrapper; bathing-gown.

*=peignures=, n.f.pl., combings.

=peindre= (peignant, peint), v.a., to paint, to portray; to describe, to depict; to draw, to represent; to express. — d’après nature; to paint from nature. — à l’huile; to paint in oils. — l’histoire; to paint historical subjects. — le portrait; to take likenesses, to paint portraits. Se faire —; to sit for one’s portrait. Fait à —; very handsome. Il nous a peint sa détresse; he described his distress to us.

se =peindre=, v.r., to paint one’s self; to be represented, to be expressed or described, to be depicted. La douleur se peignait sur son visage; grief was depicted on his face.

=peine=, n.f., punishment, penalty, pain; affliction, grief, sorrow, misery; uneasiness, trouble, anxiety, labor; pains; reluctance. Sous les —s de droit; on pain of being punished according to law. Partager les —s de quelqu’un; to share any one’s troubles. Il n’y a que des —s dans la vie; the world is full of sorrow. Cela fait — à voir; it hurts one to see it. À chaque jour suffit sa —; sufficient for the day is the evil thereof. Je suis en — de savoir ce qu’il deviendra; I am at a loss to know what will become of him. Faire de la — à quelqu’un; to pain any one. Être dans la —; to be in trouble. Se mettre en — de; to trouble one’s self about. Je voudrais vous épargner cette —; I would willingly spare you that trouble. Cela n’en vaut pas la —; it is not worth while. Il a de la — à parler; he is scarcely able to speak. Il a de la — à marcher; he can scarcely walk. Il a eu beaucoup de — à en venir à bout; he had much trouble to bring it about, to get through it. J’ai — à le croire; I can hardly believe it. Un homme de —; a laborer. Ce n’est pas la —; it is not worth while. À —; hardly, scarce, scarcely. À — sait-il lire; he can hardly read. À grand’—; with great trouble, with much difficulty. Mourir à la —; to die in harness or to work one’s self to death.

=peiné=, =-e=, part., pained, grieved; labored, elaborate, stiff. Un ouvrage —; a labored piece of work.

=peiner=, v.a., to pain, to make uneasy, to put to trouble; to fatigue, to labor.

se =peiner=, v.r., to take pains; to grieve, to fret.

=peiner=, v.n., to labor, to toil; to be reluctant, to be loath.

=peint=, =-e=, part., painted, drawn. Toiles —es; printed calicoes.

=peintre=, n.m., painter. — de paysage; landscape painter. Un — en bâtiments; a house-painter.

=peinturage=, n.m., painting (on wood); daub.

=peinture=, n.f., painting; paint; picture, portraiture; description, appearance; painters’ work; colors. — à l’huile; oil-painting. — en détrempe; distemper-painting. — en mosaïque; mosaic-painting. En —; in painting, in appearance.

=peinturer=, v.a., (l.u.) to paint (with one color only); to daub.

=peintureur=, n.m., bad painter, dauber. V. =barbouilleur=.

=pékin=, n.m., pekin (textile fabric); (fig.) civilian, snob. C’est un mauvais —; he’s a nasty fellow.

=pelade=, n.f., alopecy, alopecia, scurf.

=pelage=, n.m., coat, fur (color of).

=pélagianisme=, n.m., pelagianism, Pelagius’ tenets.

=pélagien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), adj., pelagian.

=pélagique=, adj., pelagic (of the sea).

=pélamide=, n.f., (ich.) pelamis.

=pelard= (pe-lar), adj., barked (of wood).

=pélasgique=, adj., pelasgian.

=pelé=, n.m., bald-pated man; ragamuffin. n’y avait que quatre —s et un tondu; there was nothing but the rag, tag, and bobtail. adj., bald; bare, naked; threadbare, napless.

=pêle=, n.m. V. =pêne=.

=pêle-mêle=, adv., pell-mell, confusedly, helter-skelter.

=pêle-mêle=, n.m., pell-mell, disorder, jumble, confusion.

=peler=, v.a., to strip of hair, to make bald; to pare, to skin, to peel, to scald (pigs). — un cochon de lait; to scald a sucking pig. — un arbre; to peel a tree. — des amandes; to peel almonds.

se =peler=, v.r., to come off (of the hair); to peel off.

=peler=, v.n., to peel off (of the skin).

=pèlerin= (pèl-rin), n.m., =-e= (-ri-n), n.f., pilgrim, traveler; hypocrite, dissembler.

=pèlerin=, n.m., (orni.) peregrine falcon.

=pèlerinage= (pèl-ri-), n.m., pilgrimage. Aller en —; to go on a pilgrimage.

=pèlerine= (pèl-ri-n), n.f., tippet, cape.

=pélican=, n.m., pelican; (tech.) holdfast.

=pelin=, n.m., lime-pit (for hides).

=pelisse=, n.f., pelisse.

=pellage=, n.m., shoveling.

=pellagre=, n.f., (med.) pellagra.

=pelle=, n.f., shovel, scoop, spade; (of an oar) blade; (of lock-gates) paddle. La — se moque du fourgon; the pot calls the kettle black. Oter avec la —; to shovel out. Remuer à la —; to shovel. Remuer l’argent à la —; (fig.) to have heaps, loads of money.

=pellée=, =pellerée=, =pelletée= (pèl-rée, pèl-tée), n.f., shovelful.

=pelleron= (pèl-ron), n.m., baker’s peel.

=pelleterie= (pèl-trî), n.f., furriery; peltry.

=pelleti-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., furrier.

=pelleversage=, n.m., spade-tilling.

=pellicule= (pèl-li-kul), n.f., pellicle.

=pellucide= (pel-lu-), adj., (phys.) pellucid.

=pellucidité=, n.f., pellucidness, clearness.

=pelotage=, n.m., winding skeins into balls; pack of vigonia wool; loose play (at billiards, etc.).

=pelote= (plot), n.f., pin-cushion; clew, ball of thread; pellet; blaze (on a horse’s forehead). — de neige; snow-ball. Faire sa —; to feather one’s nest.

=peloter= (plo-té), v.a., to make up into a ball; to throw balls; to bang, to cuff, to beat; to hoard, to save.

se =peloter=, v.r., to roll round; to roll one’s self up; to bang each other about; to dispute.

=peloter=, v.n., (at tennis) to knock the ball about.

=peloton= (plo-ton), n.m., ball, knot, group, cluster; lump (of fat); (milit.) half-company; tennis-ball; group, knot (of people). Ils entraient par —s; they entered by groups. Se mettre en —; to roll one’s self up like a ball. Feu de —; volley-firing, platoon-firing.

=pelotonner= (plo-to-né), v.a., to wind into balls, to put up into balls.

se =pelotonner=, v.r., to gather into knots, into groups; to gather into a round mass; to roll one’s self up.

=pelouse= (plooz), n.f., lawn, greensward; grass-plot.

=pelu=, =-e=, adj., hairy. [Only used in =patte-pelu=, which see.]

=peluche= (plush), n.f., shag, plush, cotton and woolen drugget.

=peluché=, =-e=, adj., shaggy.

=pelucher= (plu-shé), v.n., to become shaggy, to wear rough.

=pelure= (plur), n.f., paring, peel, rind.

=pelvien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), adj., (anat.) pelvic.

=pemphigus=, n.m., (med.) pemphigus.

*=penaille=, n.f., rags; (b.s.) monks.

*=penaillerie=, n.f., rags; set of ragamuffins; (b.s.) monks.

*=penaillon=, n.m., rag; monk.

=pénal=, =-e=, adj., penal.

=pénalité=, n.f., penal system; penalty; penal enactment.

=penard=, n.m., old fox (pers.), old libertine.

=pénates=, n.m.pl., (antiq.) penates, household gods; fireside, home.

=penaud=, =-e=, n. and adj., abashed, sheepish person; abashed, sheepish, chopfallen, crestfallen.

=penchant=, n.m., slope, declivity; inclination, acclivity, decline, propensity, beat, tendency, taste. Le — d’une montagne; the slope of a mountain. Suivre son — or se laisser aller à son —; to follow one’s bent.

=penchant=, =-e=, adj., shelving, sloping, declining, leaning.

=penchement= (pansh-mān), n.m., inclination, leaning, bending, stoop, stooping.

=pencher=, v.a., to incline, to lean, to bend, to stoop. — la tête; to bend the head. — un vase; to incline a vase.

se =pencher=, v.r., to bend, to bend over, to stoop, to tilt, to slope, to be inclined. Se — sur le bord d’un précipice; to bend over the brink of a precipice.

=pencher=, v.n., to lean; to slope, to incline, to be disposed. Il penche vers le nord; it leans to the north. — vers la clémence; to lean to mercy. — vers or — du côté de; to incline towards, to lean the side of.

=pendable=, adj., deserving hanging, abominable. Cas —; hanging matter. Un tour —; an abominable trick.

=pendaison=, n.f., hanging (on the gallows).

=pendant=, prep., during.

=pendant que=, conj., whilst, while.

=pendant=, n.m., thing pendent, thing hanging; counterpart, pendant, fellow; frog (of a sword-belt). — d’oreille; ear-ring. Il faut un — à ce tableau; this picture needs a fellow. C’est son —; he is his counterpart.

=pendant=, =-e=, adj., pendent, hanging, pending, depending; standing (of crops). Oreilles —es; hanging ears. Marcher les bras —s; to walk with one’s arms dangling. Le procès est —; the cause is pending.

=pendard=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., rascal, rogue, scoundrel; jade.

=pendeloque= (pan-dlok), n.f., ear-drop; pendant, drop.

=pendentif=, n.m., (arch.) pendentive.

=penderie= (pen-dri), n.f., ☉hanging (putting to death); (tech.) drying-house.

=pendeur=, n.m., hangman, executioner; (nav.) pennant (rope), span.

*=pendiller=, v.n., to hang loose, to dangle, to swing.

=pendre=, v.a., to hang, to hang up, to suspend. — de la viande au croc; to hang up meat on a hook. — des voleurs; to hang robbers. Il ne vaut pas la corde pour le —; he is not worth hanging. Il dit pis que — de vous; he says all kinds of things of you.

se =pendre=, v.r., to hang one’s self.

=pendre=, v.n., to hang, to hang up, to hang down, to be suspended, to dangle, to droop, to sag. Les joues lui pendent; his cheeks are flabby. Autant lui en pend à l’oreille; he may expect a like treatment, or to be served in the same way. Il a dit pis que — de vous; he said everything that was bad of you or he abused you right and left.

=pendu=, n.m., one that has been hanged. Il est sec comme un —; he is as thin as a lath. Avoir de la corde de — dans sa poche; to have the devil’s own luck.

=pendu=, =-e=, part., hanged, hung. Aussitôt pris, aussitôt —; no sooner said than done. Il est toujours — à ses côtés; he is always dangling after her. Avoir la langue bien —e; to have a well-oiled tongue.

=pendule=, n.f., (horl.) time-piece, chimney clock, ornamental clock. — détraquée; clock out of order. Remonter une —; to wind up a clock. — de voyage; carriage-clock.

=pendule=, n.m., pendulum.

=penduliste=, n.m., clock-case maker.

=pêne=, n.m., bolt (of a lock); lock-bolt.

=pénétrabilité=, n.f., penetrability.

=pénétrable=, adj., penetrable.

=pénétrant=, =-e=, adj., penetrating, piercing, keen, insinuating, acute, searching, impressive. Il fait un froid —; it is piercingly cold.

=pénétrati-f=, =-ve=, adj., (l.u.) penetrating.

=pénétration=, n.f., penetration, acuteness, shrewdness; sagacity. Avoir une grande — d’esprit; to have great acuteness of mind.

=pénétré=, =-e=, part., penetrated. — de douleur; grieved to the heart, cut to the quick.

=pénétrer=, v.a., to penetrate, to go through, to enter, to pierce; to pervade; to fathom; to impress; to imbue; to see through; to affect, to move. — quelqu’un; to see through any one. Son état m’a pénétré; his situation deeply moved me.

se =pénétrer=, v.r., to penetrate each other; to impress one’s self, to convince one’s self; to impress one’s mind.

=pénétrer=, v.n., to penetrate; to pervade; to pierce, to get in. Il pénétra bien avant dans le pays; he went a great way into the country or he explored the interior.

=pénible=, adj., painful, laborious; troublesome, difficult, hard.

=péniblement=, adv., painfully, laboriously.

=péniche=, n.f., (nav.) pinnace.

=pénicillé=, =-e=, adj., (anat.) pencil-shaped.

=pénil=, n.m., (anat.) mons veneris.

=péninsulaire=, adj., peninsular.

=péninsule=, n.f., peninsula.

=pénitence=, n.f., penitence, repentance, penance, punishment, disgrace. Faire — de ses péchés; to do penance for one’s sins. Faire —; to fare poorly. Mettre un enfant en —; to punish a child. Il est en —; he is in disgrace.

=pénitencerie= (-tān-srî), n.f., penitentiary’s court; penitentiary (office).

=pénitencier=, n.m., reformatory; penitentiary.

=pénitent=, =-e=, n. and adj., penitent, repentant. Pécheur —; contrite sinner.

=pénitentiaire= (-ci-èr), adj., penitentiary, penal. Maison —; penitentiary.

=pénitenti-aux= (-ci-ô), =-elles= (-ci-èl), adj.pl., penitential. Psaumes —; penitential psalms.

=pénitentiel= (-ci-èl), n.m., penitential.

=pennage=, n.m., plumage (hawking).

=penne= (pè-n), n.f., beam-feather (of a hawk); feather; (orni.) feather of the tail or wing; (nav.) peak of a mizzen or lateen sail.

=penné=, adj., (bot.) pennate, pennated.

=penniforme=, adj., penniform.

=pennon= (pè-n-non), n.m., pennon.

=pénombre=, n.f., penumbra; (fig.) darkness, obscurity, twilight, semi-darkness; subdued light.

=penon=, n.m., (nav.) dog-vane.

=pensant=, =-e=, adj., thinking. Bien —; right-thinking, well-disposed, right-minded. Mal —; evil-thinking, evil-disposed.

=pensée=, n.f., thought, opinion, sentiment, idea, conception; mind, belief, opinion; design; notion; meaning; sketch, first draught; (bot.) pansy, heart’s-ease. — ultérieure; after-thought. S’accoutumer à la — de la mort; to accustom one’s self to the idea of death. Parler contre sa —; to speak against one’s conviction, opinion. Entrer dans la — de quelqu’un; to gather any one’s meaning, to follow any one’s reasoning or train of thought. Lire dans la — de quelqu’un; to read any one’s thoughts. Cela m’est venu dans la —; that came into my mind. S’entretenir avec ses —s; to hold converse with one’s self.

=penser=, v.n., to think, to believe, to imagine; to reflect, to meditate, to deem, to be of opinion; to hope; to be on the point, to be near, to have like; to take heed, to take care. L’homme pense; man is a thinking being. — à quelque chose; to think of anything. Il est venu sans qu’on y pensât; he came unexpectedly. C’est un homme qui pense bien; he is a man who thinks well. Il l’a fait sans y —; he did it unwittingly. À quoi pensez-vous, de faire cela? what do you mean by doing that? — à mal; to have some ill design, to mean harm. Il pensait à me surprendre; he thought to surprise me. Il a pensé mourir; he nearly lost his life. J’ai pensé tomber; I was near falling. À ce que je pense; to my mind, in my mind, in my opinion. Façon de —; way of thinking. — à soi; to look to one’s self, to take care of one’s self. Faire —; to remind. Cela donne bien à —; that is very suggestive, or food for reflection. Pensez donc! just think of it! just imagine!

=penser=, v.a., to think, to think of. Il ne dit jamais ce qu’il pense; he never says what he thinks. — du bien de; to think well of. — à quelque chose pour faire réussir une affaire; to think of something to bring a matter to a successful issue. Que pensez-vous de cela? what think you of that? Pensez à moi; think of me. Que pensez-vous de lui? what is your opinion of him?

=penser=, n.m., inward reasoning, thought.

=penseur=, n.m. and adj., thinker; thinking, reflecting, thoughtful.

=pensi-f=, =-ve=, adj., pensive, thoughtful.

=pension=, n.f., pension, annuity, allowance, payment; board; board and lodging; boarding-house; boarding-school; livery (of horses); (milit.) mess. Prendre quelqu’un en —; to receive any one as a boarder. Se mettre en —; to go to a boarding-house. — bourgeoise; family boarding-house. Mettre ses chevaux en —; to put one’s horses out at livery. Mettre son fils en —; to place one’s son at a boarding-school. — de demoiselles; young ladies’ boarding-school, seminary for young ladies. — de jeunes gens; boarding-school for young gentlemen, seminary for young gentlemen. — de retraite; retiring pension. Obtenir une —; to obtain a pension. — viagère; life-annuity. Demi-—; board.

=pensionnaire=, n.m.f., boarder; pensioner; pensionary (in Holland). Demi-—; day-boarder. Prendre des —s; to take in boarders.

=pensionnat=, n.m., boarding-school.

=pensionner=, v.a., to pension, to grant a pension to.

=pensum= (pin-som), n.m., (—s) imposition, extra task (at school). Donner pour —; to give as an extra task.

=pent=, =penta=, prefix from Gr. πέντε.

=pentacorde=, n.m., (mus.) pentachord.

=pentagone=, n.m. and adj., (geom., fort.) pentagon; pentagonal.

=pentamètre=, n.m. and adj., pentameter.

=pentandrie=, n.f., (bot.) pentandria.

=pentaphylle=, adj., (bot.) pentaphyllous.

=pentateuque=, n.m., (Bible) Pentateuch.

=pente=, n.f., declivity, inclination, slope, descent; acclivity, ascent; incline, gradient; pitch (of roofs); valance (of a bed); (nav.) sides (of an awning); propensity, bent, turn. Le terrain va en —; the ground shelves down. Aller en —; to slope, to shelve, to incline. Avoir de la — au plaisir; to have a natural propensity for pleasure.

=pentecôte= (pant-kôt), n.f., Whitsuntide, Pentecost. Dimanche de la —; Whitsunday.

=pentière= (-tièr), n.f. V. =pantière=.

=penture=, n.f., iron-work, iron-brace; (tech.) hinge. — de sabords; (nav.) googings of the port-lids. —s en fer à cheval; scuttle-hinges.

=pénultième= (-ti-em), adj., last but one; (gram.) penultimate.

=pénultième=, n.f., (gram.) penult, penultima.

=pénurie=, n.f., penury, want, scarcity, dearth.

=péone=, n.f. V. =pivoine= (bot.).

=péotte=, n.f., peotta, large gondola.

=péperin=, n.m., peperine (volcanic stone).

=pépie=, n.f., pip, roup (disease of birds); (fig.) thirst. Elle n’a point la —; she is not tongue-tied. Il a la —; he is for ever drinking; he is always dry.

=pépier=, v.n., to chirp, to pip.

=pépin=, n.m., (bot.) kernel, pip, stone. — de raisin; grapestone.

=pépinière=, n.f., (hort.) nursery.

=pépiniériste=, n.m., nursery-man.

=pépite=, n.f., (min.) nugget.

=péplon= or =péplum=, n.m., (antiq.) peplus (lady’s cloak).

=pepsine=, n.f., (chem. pharm.) pepsine.

=péquin=, n.m., civilian, snob.

=percale=, n.f., cambric; muslin.

=percaline=, n.f., glazed calico; (bookbind.) cloth.

=perçant=, =-e=, adj., piercing, sharp, keen, shrill, acute. Froid —; piercing cold. Vent —; sharp, keen wind. Des yeux —s; sharp, piercing eyes. Des cris —s; piercing cries. Voix —e; shrill voice.

=perce=, n.f., piercer, borer, drill.

en =perce=, adv., broached, tapped. Mettre en —; to prick, to pierce. Mettre du vin en —; to broach a cask of wine.

=percé=, =-e=, part., pierced, bored, in holes; out at elbows. Habit —; coat in holes. Avoir le cœur —; to be struck to the heart. Maison bien —e; well-lighted house. Paysage bien —; broad, well-opened out landscape. Chaise —e; close-stool. Il est bas —; he is low in cash. Fruits —s de vers; worm-eaten fruits. C’est un panier —; money burns his pocket, he is a spendthrift.

=perce-bois=, n.m., (—) (ent.) borer, wood-borer; death-watch.

=percée=, n.f., or =percé=, n.m., opening, cutting (in a wood), vista, glade. Faire une — dans; to hew a passage through.

=perce-feuille=, n.f., (—-—s) (bot.) thorough-wax, hare’s ear.

=perce-forêt=, n.m., (—-—s) (fam., l.u.) keen sportsman.

=perce-lettre=, n.m., (—-—s) bodkin (for piercing paper).

=percement=, n.m., piercing, opening; cutting, boring; perforation.

=perce-mousse=, n.f., or =perce-neige=, n.f., (—) (bot.) snow-drop.

*=perce-oreille=, n.m., (—-—s) (ent.) earwig.

=perce-pierre=, n.f., (—-—s). V. =passe-pierre=.

=percepteur=, n.m., collector (of taxes); gatherer. — des impôts; tax-gatherer, collector.

=perceptibilité=, n.f., perceptibility, liability to collection (as taxes).

=perceptible=, adj., collectible; perceptible, perceivable.

=perceptiblement=, adv., perceptibly.

=perception=, n.f., the faculty of perceiving, perception; gathering, collecting; receipt; collectorship; collector’s office.

=percer=, v.a., to bore, to drill, to pierce, to tap, to broach, to open; to penetrate, to see through; to thrill; to lance; (engineering) to tunnel; to wet through (of rain). — avec un foret; to drill, to pierce. — d’outre en outre; to run through and through. — un ais; to bore a plank. — un tonneau; to tap a cask. — un escadron; to cut a passage through a squadron. — avec le bec; to peck through. — d’un coup d’épée; to run through the body. — l’avenir; to dive into the future. Les os lui percent la peau; his bones are coming through his skin. — un abcès; to lance, to open an abscess. — une forêt; to open up, or to make a road through, a forest. — une porte dans un mur; to open a door in a wall.

se =percer=, v.r., to bore, to be bored; to pierce one’s self, to be pierced.

=percer=, v.n., to pierce, to pierce through, to break, to break through, to come out, to come through, to open; to appear, to peep out, to peep forth, to transpire; to show one’s self, to discover one’s self, to manifest one’s self; to rise, to make one’s way, to get on; to make one’s way through a crowd. Les dents vont bientôt — à cet enfant; that child’s teeth will soon come through, that child will soon cut his teeth. Cette tumeur percera d’elle-même; that tumor will break, burst, of itself. — par son mérite; to rise, or to make one’s way, by one’s merit. Si compacte que soit la foule, perçons toujours; however dense the crowd may be, let us break through all the same.

=perces=, n.f.pl., holes of wind instruments.

=perce-roche=, n.f., (zoöl.) terebella.

=perceur=, n.m., borer.

=percevoir=, v.a., to receive, to gather, to levy, to collect (taxes); (philos.) to perceive.

=perche=, n.f., perch, pole; perch (measure); (hunt.) horns; (ich.) perch. — commune; barse. Petite —; cole-perch. Grande —; (pers.) walking rushlight, lanky person.

=perché=, n.m., perched, perched up, roosting. Au —; when perched, when roosting.

=percher=, v.n., to perch.

se =percher=, v.r., to perch one’s self, to perch, to roost.

=percheronne=, n.m.f., horse or mare (native of la Perche).

=perchette=, n.f., pole, prop, stay.

=percheur=, n.m. and adj., perching, roosting; percher (ornith.) titlark.

=perchlorure=, n.m., (chem.) bichloride, perchloride.

=perchoir=, n.m., roost.

=perclus=, =-e=, adj., (med.) crippled, impotent. Avoir le cerveau —; to be wanting in sense, in judgment.

=perçoir=, n.m., piercer (to tap casks).

=perçu=, =-e=, part., collected.

=percussion=, n.f., percussion, reverberation.

=percutant=, =-e=, adj., (artil.) percussion. Fusée —; percussion-fuse.

=percuter=, v.a., to percuss.

=perdable=, adj., losable.

=perdant=, =-e=, n. and adj., loser; losing.

=perdition=, n.f., waste, wreck, ruin; perdition, destruction. S’en aller en —; to go to ruin, to go to wrack and ruin. Flotte de —; accursed fleet. En —; (of ships) sinking, in great distress.

=perdre=, v.a., to lose, to be deprived of, to be out of pocket; to waste, to ruin, to be the ruin of, to undo, to corrupt, to debauch; to spoil; (nav.) to carry away; (nav.) to cast away; (tech.) to discharge (water). — la santé; to lose one’s health. — la raison; to lose one’s reason, mind. — haleine; to lose one’s breath. — la tête, la carte; to lose one’s wits, one’s head. — une gageure; to lose a wager. — quelqu’un de réputation; to defame any one. — l’occasion; to lose the opportunity. — une chose de vue; to lose sight of a thing. Ses débauches le perdront; his debauchery will be the ruin of him. L’inondation a perdu les blés; the floods have spoilt the crops. Y — son latin; not to be able to make it out.

se =perdre=, v.r., to be lost, to lose one’s self, to lose one’s way, to stray; to be cast away; to have a rambling way of arguing; to be nonplused; to disappear, to fall into disuse; to ruin one’s self; to go to ruin, to go to wrack and ruin; to spoil, to be spoilt; to get bewildered; to be at a loss; (nav.) to be carried away; (nav.) to be cast away; to hole one’s own ball (at billiards). Je m’y perds; I am getting bewildered; I cannot make head or tail of it. Se — d’honneur; to disgrace one’s self.

=perdre=, v.n., to lose, to be a loser, to be out of pocket; (nav.) to ebb. La marée perd; the tide is ebbing.

=perdreau=, n.m., (orni.) young partridge.

=perdrigon=, n.m., Perdrigon-plum.

=perdrix=, n.f., (orni.) partridge. — grise; common partridge. — rouge; red-legged partridge. Couple de —; brace of partridges. Œil de —; soft corn.

=perdu=, =-e=, part., lost, ruined, wasted; bewildered; undermined; spoilt; stray, forlorn, obsolete, out of use. — de dettes; over head and ears in debt. — de réputation; ruined in reputation. Courir, crier, comme un —; to run, to cry, like mad, like a madman. Un de — deux de retrouvés; there’s as good fish in the sea as ever was caught or when one door shuts another opens. C’est du bien —; it is casting pearls before swine. Tirer à coups —s; to shoot at random. Pays —; out-of-the-way, deserted country. À corps —; headlong, desperately. Heures —es; spare time, leisure hours. Un bienfait n’est jamais —; a good action never remains unrewarded. Enfants —s or sentinelle —e; (milit.) forlorn hope. Salle des pas —s; outer hall, waiting hall (courts of law).

=père=, n.m., father, parent; sire; man, fellow. — de famille; father of a family. Nos —s; our forefathers. —s du désert; old anchorites. Le saint-—, le très saint-—, notre saint-—, notre très saint-—, le — des fidèles, le — des Chrétiens; (c.rel.) the pope. — spirituel; father confessor. Beau-—, (—x-—s) father-in-law; step-father. — nourricier; foster-father. — la joie; frank, gay, hearty fellow. — aux écus; man with a great deal of money. De — en fils; from father to son, from sire to son. — noble; (thea.) heavy father, old man. Dormir, or s’endormir, avec ses —s; to sleep with one’s fathers. Petit —; dada, papa. De —; fatherly, paternal.

=pérégrination=, n.f., peregrination.

=pérégrinité=, n.f., (jur.) alienage, alienism, alienship.

=péremption=, n.f., (jur.) limitation, nonsuit.

=péremptoire=, adj., peremptory.

=péremptoirement= (-tôar-mān), adv., peremptorily.

☉=pérennial=, =-e= (-rè-n-nial), adj., perennial.

=pérennité=, n.f., perpetuity.

=péréquation=, n.f., assessment, equal distribution.

=perfectibilité=, n.f., perfectibility.

=perfectible=, adj., perfectible.

=perfection=, n.f., perfection, completeness. Le plus haut degré de —; the acme of perfection. La — en personne; perfection personified, the pink of perfection. En —; to perfection.

=perfectionnement= (-sio-n-mān), n.m., improvement, perfecting, finishing. Leçons de —; finishing lessons.

=perfectionner=, v.a., to perfect, to bring to perfection; to improve; to improve upon. — ce que les autres ont inventé; to improve on the inventions of others.

se =perfectionner=, v.r., to perfect one’s self; to improve one’s self; to improve.

=perfide=, n.m.f. and adj., perfidious, treacherous, false, false-hearted person; perfidious, treacherous, false. Le — m’a trahi; the perfidious man betrayed me.

=perfidement= (-fid-mān), adv., perfidiously, falsely, treacherously, basely.

=perfidie=, n.f., perfidy, perfidiousness; treachery; false-heartedness, treacherousness; treacherous action, treacherous thing. Faire une —; to commit an act of perfidy.

=perfolié=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) perfoliate, perfoliated.

=perforage=, n.m., boring; perforation.

=perforant=, =-e=, adj., perforating; perforative.

=perforateur=, n.m., (tech.) perforator.

=perforati-f=, =-ve=, adj., (surg.) perforative.

=perforation=, n.f., perforation.

=perforer=, v.a., to perforate, to bore.

=péri=, n.m., peri (Persian fairy).

=périanthe=, n.m., (bot.) perianth, perianthium.

=périapte=, n.m., periapt.

=péribole=, n.m., (arch.) peribolus.

=péricarde=, n.m., (anat.) pericardium.

=péricardite=, n.f., (med.) pericarditis.

=péricarpe=, n.m., (bot.) seed-vessel, pericarp.

=périchondre=, n.m., (anat.) perichondrium.

=péricliter=, v.n., to be in danger, in jeopardy; to threaten to fall (of building).

=péricrâne=, n.m., (anat.) pericranium.

=péridot=, n.m., chrysolite, peridot, olivine.

=péridrome=, n.m., (arch.) peridrome.

=périgée=, n.m. and adj., (astron.) perigee, perigeum; in its perigee.

=périgourdin=, =-e=, adj., of Perigord. n., native of Perigord.

=périgueux= (-gheû), n.m., (min.) Perigord stone.

=périhélie=, n.m. and adj., (astron.) perihelion, perihelium; in its perihelion.

*=péril=, n.m., peril, danger, jeopardy, hazard, risk. Au — de ma vie; at the hazard of my life. Être en — de ta vie; to be in danger of one’s life. Prendre une affaire à ses risques et —s; to run the risk of anything; to take all the risks. Mettre en —; to endanger, to put in jeopardy.

*=périlleusement=, adv., perilously, dangerously, hazardously.

*=périlleu-x=, =-se=, adj., perilous, dangerous, hazardous.

=périmer=, v.n., (jur.) to be barred by limitation, to pass out of date; to lapse, to drop.

=périmètre=, n.m., (geom.) perimeter.

=périnéal=, =-e=, adj., perinæal.

=périnée=, n.m., (anat.) perinæum.

=période=, n.f., stage, period (revolution); (med.) period; (astron.) period; (chron.) period; (gram.) period, sentence; (mus.) phrase. — lunaire; lunar period. — bien arrondie; well-rounded period. — embarrassée; involved period.

=période=, n.m., pitch, summit, degree, acme, period. Long — de temps; long period of time.

=périodicité=, n.f., periodicity.

=périodique=, adj., periodic, periodical; (arith.) recurring, circulating. Fraction —; (arith.) circulating, recurring decimal, repetend. Fraction — composée; (arith.) mixed circulating decimal. Style —; full style.

=périodiquement= (-dik-mān), adv., periodically.

=périoste=, n.m., (anat.) periosteum.

=périostose=, n.f., (med.) periostitis.

=péripatéticien=, =-ne= (-ci-in, -è-n), n. and adj., Peripatetic.

=péripatétisme=, n.m., Peripateticism.

=péripétie= (-pé-ci), n.f., sudden turn of fortune; revolution, vicissitude; (thea.) catastrophe, event, incident.

=périphérie=, n.f., (geom.) periphery.

=périphrase=, n.f., periphrasis, periphrase, circumlocution.

=périphraser=, v.n., to periphrase, to talk in a roundabout way, to express by circumlocution.

=périple=, n.m., (ancient geog.) periplus.

=péripneumonie=, n.f., (med.) peripneumonia, peripneumony.

=périptère=, n.m. and adj., (arch.) periptery; peripteral.

=périr=, v.n., to perish, to decay, to die, to be lost, to be destroyed, to sink, to fall off; (jur.) to be barred by limitation. — de froid; to perish with cold. — corps et biens; (of ships) to be lost with all hands. Tôt ou tard les méchants périssent malheureusement; sooner or later the wicked come to an untimely end. Faire — une armée; to destroy an army. L’instance est périe; (jur.) the suit is barred by limitation. Faire —; to put to death; to do away with.

=périsciens= (-si-in), n.m.pl., (geog.) Periscians, Periscii.

=périssable=, adj., perishable.

=périssoire=, n.f., canoe.

=péristaltique=, adj., (med.) peristaltic.

=péristole=, n.f., (physiolog.) the peristaltic motion (of the intestines).

=péristyle=, n.m. and adj., (arch.) peristyle; ornamented with a peristyle.

=périsystole=, n.f., (physiolog.) perisystole.

=péritoine=, n.m., (anat.) peritoneum.

=péritonite=, n.f., (med.) peritonitis.

=perkale=, =perkaline=. V. =percale=, =percaline=.

=perlasse=, n.f., pearlash.

=perle=, n.f., pearl; bead, beading (of bracelets, necklaces); best; (print.) pearl; (arch.) bead; (pharm.) pearl. Nacre de —; mother of pearl. — baroque; irregular pearl. — tube; bugle. Jeter des —s devant les pourceaux; to cast pearls before swine. —s fines; native, real pearls. Semence de —s; the smallest pearls. Herbe aux —s; gromwell, gromil. C’est la — des hommes; he is the best of men. Nous ne sommes pas ici pour enfiler des —s; we are not here to pick straws, or to trifle our time away. Faire la —; to froth, to froth up (of brandy).

=perlé=, =-e=, adj., pearled, set with pearls; pearly; beady; boiled twice (of sugar); (her.) pearled; (mus.) brilliant and delicate. Bouillon —; pearly broth. Orge —; pearl-barley.

=perler=, v.n., to pearl, to bead, to form globules. v.a., to pearl; to give a finish to; to polish.

se =perler=, v.r., to be, or to become, pearled.

=perli-er=, =-ère=, adj., of pearl. Huître —ère; pearl-oyster.

=perlière=, n.f., (bot.) cudweed.

=perlimpinpin=, n.m., used only in: poudre de —; quack powder; nostrum (pop.).

=perlon=, n.m., (ich.) swallow-fish, sapphirine-gurnet, tub-fish.

=perlure=, n.f., (hunt.) curling (of horns).

=permanence=, n.f., permanence, permanency. Armée en —; standing army. L’assemblée s’est déclarée en —; the assembly declared its sittings permanent. En —; permanently.

=permanent=, =-e=, adj., permanent, lasting; (mec.) constant.

=perméabilité=, n.f., permeability, perviousness.

=perméable=, adj., permeable, pervious.

=permettre=, v.a., to permit, to allow, to suffer, to give leave, to let, to enable, to afford. Permettez-moi de vous dire; allow me to tell you, let me tell you. Permettez! allow me! excuse me!

se =permettre=, v.r., to permit, to allow, to suffer one’s self (to); to indulge; to indulge one’s self; to take the liberty (of); to take upon one’s self (to), to assume, to dare.

=permis=, =-e=, part., lawful, permitted, allowed; justifiable. S’il m’est — de le dire; if I may say so. À vous — de or — à vous de; you may if you like. S’il m’est — de; if I may, if I may be allowed. Est-il — d’entrer? may I come in?

=permis=, n.m., permit, license, pass; leave. — de chasse; shooting-license. — de circulation; (rail.) pass. — de séjour; permission to reside.

=permission=, n.f., permission, consent, allowance, leave, permit. Avec votre —; by your leave. Abuser de la —; to go beyond bounds. Prendre la — sous son bonnet; to take French leave.

=permixtion= (-miks-ti-on), n.f., permixtion.

=permutabilité=, n.f., commutability, permutability.

=permutable=, adj., (gram.) commutable.

=permutant=, n.m., permuter.

=permutation=, n.f., permutation, commutation, exchange, change. — de consonnes; transposition of consonants.

=permuter=, v.a., to exchange, to permute, to commute, to transpose.

se =permuter=, v.r., (gram.) to be permuted, or exchanged, or transposed.

=pernicieusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., perniciously, mischievously, hurtfully, injuriously, prejudicially.

=pernicieu-x=, =-se=, adj., pernicious, mischievous, hurtful, injurious, prejudicial. — à la santé; pernicious to health.

=péroné=, n.m., (anat.) fibula (small bone of the leg).

=péronnelle=, n.f., hussy, saucy baggage, gossip; silly, talkative woman.

=péroraison=, n.f., peroration.

=pérorer=, v.n., to harangue; to hold forth; to speechify.

=péroreur=, n.m., haranguer, speechifier.

=pérot=, n.m., sapling (of the age of two cuttings).

=pérou=, n.m., Peru. Ce n’est pas le —; it is no great thing, no great haul.

=péroxyde=, n.m., (chem.) peroxide.

=perpendiculaire=, n.f. and adj., perpendicular. Abaisser une —; to let fall a perpendicular. Elever une —; to raise a perpendicular.

=perpendiculairement= (-lèr-mān), adv., perpendicularly.

=perpendicularité=, n.f., perpendicularity.

=perpendicule=, n.m., (l.u.) plumb-line, perpendicle.

=perpétration=, n.f., (jur.) perpetration.

=perpétrer=, v.a., (jur.) to perpetrate, to commit.

=perpétuation=, n.f., perpetuation.

=perpétuel=, =-le=, adj., perpetual, permanent, never-ceasing, endless, for life.

=perpétuellement= (-èl-mān), adj., perpetually, everlastingly.

=perpétuer=, v.a., to perpetuate.

se =perpétuer=, v.r., to be perpetuated, to last, to endure, to continue.

=perpétuité=, n.f., perpetuity. À —; forever; for life. Condamner aux travaux forcés à —; to sentence to penal servitude for life.

=perplexe=, adj., perplexed, embarrassed, irresolute; perplexing.

=perplexité=, n.f., perplexity, embarrassment.

=perquisition=, n.f., perquisition, search; investigation. Mandat de —; search-warrant. Lancer un mandat de —; to issue a search-warrant.

=perré=, n.m., (arch.) water-wing; (of the sea) pebbly shore, shingly beach.

=perrin-dandin=, n.m., an ignorant, greedy judge.

=perron=, n.m., flight of steps (before a house); outside landing; (arch.) perron.

=perroquet=, n.m., (orni.) parrot; parrot (pers.); (nav.) top-gallant sail, gallant. Parler comme un —; to talk like a parrot.

=perruche=, n.f., she-parrot; perroquet; (nav.) mizzen top-gallant sail.

=perruque=, n.f., wig, periwig, peruke, pig-tail; mop, shock. — à nœuds; bobwig, bobtail-wig. Tête à —; barber’s block; prejudiced old man.

=perruquier=, n.m., wig-maker, peruke-maker; hair-dresser; barber.

=perruquière=, n.f., barber’s wife.

☉=pers=, =-e=, adj., blue; bluish.

=persan=, =-e=, n. and adj., Persian.

=persan=, n.m., Persian language.

=persane=, n.f., Persian woman.

=perse=, n.f., (geog.) Persia; Persian woman; chintz.

=perse=, n.m., (ancient hist.) Persian.

=persécutant=, =-e=, adj., troublesome, teasing.

=persécuter=, v.a., to persecute, to trouble, to importune, to tease; to bore, to dun.

=persécut-eur=, =-rice=, n. and adj., persecutor, troublesome man or woman; persecuting, importunate, troublesome.

=persécution=, n.f., persecution, annoyance, importunity.

=persée=, n.m., (astron.) Perseus.

=persévéramment= (-ra-mān), adv., perseveringly.

=persévérance=, n.f., perseverance, steadiness, industry.

=persévérant=, =-e=, adj., persevering, steady, industrious.

=persévérer=, v.n., to persevere, to be steadfast, to persist in one’s opinion. — dans un dessein; to persevere in a design.

=persicaire=, n.f., (bot.) water-pepper.

=persicot=, n.m., persicot (cordial).

=persienne=, n.f., shutter-blind, Venetian shutter. — fixe; louver window.

=persiflage=, n.m., quizzing, bantering, banter, chaffing, chaff.

=persifler=, v.a., to quiz, to rally, to banter, to chaff.

=persifleur=, n.m., banterer, quiz. adj., quizzing, bantering, chaffing.

=persil=, n.m., (bot.) parsley. — d’âne; beaked parsley. — des marais; sium angustifolium or marsh-parsley.

*=persillade=, n.f., (cook.) beef dressed with vinegar and parsley.

*=persillé=, =-e=, adj., spotted; blue-moldy (of cheese).

=persique=, adj., (arch.) Persian, Persic.

=persistance=, n.f., persistence, persistency.

=persistant=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) persistent, persisting.

=persister=, v.n., to persist (in), to keep to. Il persiste à nier; he persists in denying. Il persiste dans son sentiment; he maintains his opinion.

=personnage=, n.m., personage, person, great person, somebody; (theat.) character, part. C’est un sot —; he is a silly, ignorant fellow. Il joue bien son —; he plays his part well. Je connais le —; I know the fellow. Voilà un plaisant —! what an absurd fellow! Tapisserie à —s; figured tapestry.

=personnalité=, n.f., personal feeling; self-love, selfishness, egotism; personality; personal remark.

=personnat=, n.m., sort of benefice.

=personne=, n.f., person, man, woman, child, female; own self; exterior, appearance; (gram., theol.) person. Jeune —; young lady, young girl. Parlant à sa —; (jur.) speaking to him in person. Les —s de condition; people of fashion. Sans acception de —s; without respect of persons. Il est bien fait de sa —; he has a handsome person or exterior. J’y étais en —; I was there in person. Avoir soin de sa —; to take care of one’s self. Il aime sa —; he loves his dear self. Payer de sa —; to expose one’s self to danger; to be in the thick of the fight or fray; (fig.) to exert one’s self. À la première, seconde, troisième —; (gram.) in the first, second, third, person. C’est la bonté en —; he (or she) is kindness itself.

=personne=, pron. m., nobody, no man, none, no one; any body, any one. Il n’y a — à la maison; there is nobody at home. Je doute que — y réussisse; I doubt whether any one will or would succeed in it.

=personnée=, n. and adj. f., (bot.) personate, masked flower; personate, masked.

=personnel=, =-le=, adj., personal; selfish.

=personnel=, n.m., ☉personal character; staff, (all the persons composing any establishment); staff of servants, officials, hands; (milit., nav.) personnel.

=personnellement= (-nèl-mān), adv., personally.

=personnification=, n.f., personification, personation.

=personnifier=, v.a., to personify; to impersonate.

=perspecti-f=, =-ve=, adj., perspective.

=perspective=, n.f., perspective, view; prospect, distance, vista, opening. — aérienne; aërial perspective. Cela borne la —; that bounds the prospect. — riante; delightful prospect. Il a la — d’une grande fortune; he has a large fortune in prospect. En —; in the distance; in prospect, in expectation.

=perspicace=, adj., perspicacious.

=perspicacité=, n.f., perspicacity.

=perspicuité=, n.f., perspicuity.

=persuader=, v.a., to persuade, to make to believe, to convince, to satisfy; to imagine. J’en suis persuadé; I am convinced of it.

se =persuader=, v.r., to persuade, to convince one’s self; to be persuaded, to imagine.

=persuader=, v.n., to persuade, to convince.

=persuasible=, adj., persuasible, persuadable.

=persuasi-f=, =-ve=, adj., persuasive; persuading, convincing, clinching.

=persuasion=, n.f., persuasion, conviction, belief, opinion. L’éloquence a pour but la —; the object of eloquence is to persuade. Agir à la — d’un autre; to act by (the) persuasion of another.

=persuasivement=, adv., persuasively.

=perte=, n.f., loss, losings; ruin, waste, wastefulness; fall, doom. À —; at a loss; (med.) flooding. Faire une —; to meet with a loss. Être en —; to be a loser. Courir à sa —; to go to one’s ruin, to one’s doom. — de temps; waste of time. La — du Rhône; (geog.) place where the Rhone disappears beneath the rocks. Vendre à —; to sell at a loss. En pure —; to no purpose, uselessly, in vain. À — de vue; as far as the eye can reach. Je suis en —; I am a loser by it.

=pertinacité=, n.f., pertinacity.

=pertinemment= (-na-mān), adv., pertinently.

=pertinence=, n.f., pertinency.

=pertinent=, =-e=, adj., pertinent.

=pertuis=, n.m., (geog.) straits; sluice, narrow opening in a flood-gate.

=pertuisane=, n.f., partisan, halberd.

=pertuisanier=, n.m., halberdier; warder.

=perturbat-eur=, =-rice=, n. and adj., disturber; disturbing.

=perturbation=, n.f., perturbation, disturbance, commotion.

=pervenche=, n.f., (bot.) periwinkle.

=pervers=, =-e=, adj., perverse, froward, untoward, wicked.

=pervers=, n.m., perverse, froward person; wrong-doer.

=perversion=, n.f., perversion.

=perversité=, n.f., perversity, perverseness, frowardness, untowardness.

=pervertir=, v.a., to pervert, to be pervertive of, to be a perverter of. Se —; to be perverted.

=pervertissable=, adj., pervertible.

=pervertissement= (-tis-mān), n.m., perversion, corruption.

=pervertisseur=, n.m., perverter, corrupter.

=pesade=, n.f., (man.) pesade.

=pesage=, n.m., weighing; weighing-room, saddling-room.

=pesamment= (pĕ-za-mān), adv., heavily, ponderously, weightily, lumpishly; slowly.

=pesant=, =-e=, adj., heavy, ponderous, weighty; unwieldy, lumpish; cumbersome; sluggish, slow; full weight. Fardeau —; heavy burden. Cheval — à la main; hard-mouthed horse. Il a la main —e; he has a heavy hand. Il a l’esprit —; he is dull-minded. Joug —; heavy yoke. Un louis d’or —; a louis d’or of the full weight.

=pesant=, n.m., weight. Il vaut son — d’or; he is worth his weight in gold.

=pesant=, adv., weight, in weight.

=pesanteur=, n.f., weight, heaviness, weightiness; sluggishness, dullness, slowness, unwieldiness; ponderosity, ponderousness; (phys.) force of gravity, gravity. — de tête; heaviness in the head. — d’esprit; dullness of mind.

=pesée=, n.f., weighing; all that is weighed at once. Faire une —; to weigh.

=pèse-acide=, n.m., acetometer.

=pèse-lait=, n.m., lactometer.

=pèse-lettres=, n.m., letter-weigher, letter-scales.

=pèse-liqueur=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) hydrometer.

=peser=, v.a., to weigh; to ponder, to consider, to estimate. — les raisons de quelqu’un; to weigh any one’s arguments. — ses paroles; to weigh one’s words.

=peser=, v.n., to weigh, to be of weight, to be heavy; to hang upon; to bear upon; to lean, to lie heavy; to be a burden; to dwell upon. Viande qui pèse sur l’estomac; meat that lies heavy upon the stomach. Cela me pèse sur le cœur; that lies heavy upon my heart. — sur un levier; to bear upon a lever.

=pesette=, n.f., assay-scales.

=peseur=, n.m., weigher.

=peson=, n.m., steelyard.

=pessaire=, n.m., (med.) pessary.

=pesse=, n.f., (bot.) mare’s tail.

=pessimisme=, n.m., pessimism.

=pessimiste=, n.m., pessimist.

=peste=, n.f., plague, pestilence, pest, torment; bore, nuisance; stench. La flatterie est la — des cours; flattery is the plague of courts. — soit du fou! plague on the fool! — soit de! out upon!

=peste=, adj., sly, arch.

=peste!= int., plague on it! the deuce! by Jove! hang it! bless me! indeed!

=pester=, v.n., to inveigh against, to bluster, to storm, to rave. Il peste contre ses juges; he rails, (swears) at his judges. — entre chair et cuir; to fret and fume in secret.

=pestifère=, adj., (l.u.) pestiferous, pestilential.

=pestiféré=, =-e=, n. and adj., person infected with the plague; plague-stricken.

=pestilence=, n.f., pestilence.

=pestilent=, =-e=, adj., pestilential.

=pestilentiel=, =-le= (-ci-èl), adj., pestilential, infectious, contagious.

=pet=, n.m., (l.ex.) fart, wind. Un — de nonne; apple-fritter.

=pétale=, n.m., (bot.) petal, flower-leaf.

=pétalé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) petalous, petaled.

=pétalisme=, n.m., (antiq.) petalism.

=pétalite=, n.f., petalite.

=pétaloide=, adj., petaloid.

=pétarade=, n.f., (of animals) farting; trumpeting with the mouth; cracking; noise of crackers.

=pétard=, n.m., (milit.) petard; (fireworks) cracker.

=pétarder=, v.a., to blow up with a petard.

=pétardier=, n.m., one who makes petards.

=pétase=, n.m., (antiq.) petasus; broad-brimmed hat.

=pétaud=, n.m. C’est la cour du roi —; it is Bedlam broken loose; Dover court.

=pétaudière=, n.f., bear-garden, tumultuous assembly.

=pétéchial=, =-e=, adj., (med.) petechial. Fièvre —e; petechial fever.

=pétéchies=, n.f.pl., (med.) petechiæ.

=pet-en-l’air=, n.m., (—) man’s short morning gown.

=péter=, v.n., (l.ex.) to burst; to break, to snap; to crackle, to crack; to bounce; to fart, to break wind; (of fire-arms) to explode, to burst.

=péteu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., (l.ex.) sorry fellow, milksop.

*=pétillant=, =-e=, adj., crackling, sparkling.

*=pétillement=, n.m., crackling, sparkling.

*=pétiller=, v.n., to crackle; to sparkle; to long to do a thing, to be eager to. Son ouvrage pétille d’esprit; his work sparkles with wit. Ses yeux pétillent; his eyes sparkle. — d’impatience; to boil over with impatience.

=pétiolaire= (-ci-), adj., (bot.) petiolary.

=pétiole= (-ci-), n.m., (bot.) petiole, leaf-stalk.

=pétiolé=, =-e= (-ci-), adj., (bot.) petiolate.

=petiot=, =-e=, n. and adj., tiny, wee; little fellow, little one; darling.

=petit=, =-e=, adj., little, small, diminutive, short, unimportant, petty, slight, trifling; light; faint; grand (of one’s children’s children). —-fils (—s-—); grandson. Un — homme; a little man. Un homme —; a mean man. Un — roi; a petty king. Le — peuple; the common people. Le — monde; the common people. —e guerre. V. =guerre=. — collet; young clergyman. —e vérole; small-pox. De la —e bière; small-beer. — à —; by degrees. —-maître, (—s-—s) coxcomb. —e-maîtresse, (—s-—s) belle; vain, foppish woman. — à — l’oiseau fait son nid; small strokes fell great oaks. Les —s ruisseaux font les grandes rivières; many a little makes a mickle. En —, au — pied; in miniature, on a small scale. En — pays; in a small way. Être aux —s soins pour; to be all attention to. — mercier — panier; (prov.) small positions for small brains.

=petit=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., little child; little one; dear, darling; young one; whelp, pup, kitten, cub. Les petits; (at school) the junior boys. Les —s d’une chienne; the pups of a bitch. Les —s d’une truie; the litter of a sow. Faire des —s; to bring forth young ones. Pauvre —; poor little fellow or chap.

=petitement= (pĕtit-mān), adv., in a small way; little; slenderly, meanly, poorly. Il est logé —; he has modest lodgings, he is cramped for room.

=petite-oie=, n.f., (n.p.) (cook.) giblets; ☉stockings, gloves, hat and other minor parts of clothing; ☉minor tokens of love.

=petitesse=, n.f., smallness, littleness, shortness, insignificance; meanness, shabbiness; shallowness, narrowness. — d’âme; meanness of soul. — d’esprit; narrowness of mind. C’est une — de sa part; it is a piece of meanness on his part.

=petit-gris=, n.m., (—s-—) minever, Siberian squirrel.

=pétition=, n.f., petition, memorial, request. Faire une —; to draw up, to address, a petition. Faire présenter une —; to petition, to memorialize. — de principe; (log.) petitio principii, begging the question.

=pétitionnaire=, n.m.f., petitioner, applicant.

=pétitionnement=, n.m., petitioning, memorializing.

=pétitionner=, v.n., to make a request, to petition, to memorialize.

=pétitoire=, adj., (jur.) petitory (claiming the right of property in real estate).

=pétitoire=, n.m., (jur.) claim of ownership.

=peton=, n.m., foot (of children); tiny foot.

=pétoncle=, n.m., (conch.) scallop.

=pétreau=, n.m., (gard.) sucker (of a tree).

=pétrée=, adj.f., (geog.) stony. [Only used in Arabie —; Arabia Petræa.]

=pétrel=, n.m., (orni.) petrel.

=pétreu-x=, =-se=, adj., (anat.) stone-like; rocky, stony.

=pétri=, =-e=, part., kneaded. C’est un homme tout — de salpêtre; he is a passionate or violent-tempered man. — d’ignorance; steeped in ignorance.

=pétrifiant=, =-e=, adj., petrifying.

=pétrification=, n.f., petrifaction, petrification.

=pétrifier=, v.a., to petrify.

se =pétrifier=, v.r., to petrify, to turn into stone.

=pétrin=, n.m., kneading-trough; scrape, hobble, pickle; hot-water. Se mettre dans le —; to get into hot-water, into a scrape. Un — impossible; terrible, indescribable disorder, confusion.

=pétrir=, v.a., to knead, to mold, to form.

=pétrissable=, adj., that can be kneaded; (fig.) yielding, pliant, submissive, obedient, easily led.

=pétrissage=, n.m., kneading, working, forming.

=pétrisseur=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., kneader, journeyman-baker. — mécanique; kneading machine.

=pétrole=, n.m., petroleum, rock-oil.

=pétroleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., miscreant who commits arson by means of petroleum (as in France under the Commune).

=pétrosilex= (-lèks), n.m., (min.) petrosilex.

in =petto= (i-n pèt-to), adv., in petto, secretly, inwardly.

=pétulamment= (-la-mān), adv., petulantly.

=pétulance=, n.f., petulance, petulancy.

=pétulant=, =-e=, adj., petulant; saucy, frisky.

☉=petun=, n.m., tobacco, snuff.

☉=petuner=, v.n., to take snuff; to smoke.

=pétunia=, n.m., (bot.) petunia.

=pétunsé= or =pétunzé=, n.m., petunse, china-stone.

=peu=, adv., little, not much, few, not many. — ou point; little or nothing. Ni — ni point; none at all. — d’argent; little money. — d’hommes; few men. — aimable; not very amiable. Fort —; very little. Quelque —; a little. Si — que; however little. Si — que rien; next to nothing. Tant soit —; ever so little. — à —; by degrees. Dans —, dans — de temps; in a little or short time. Dans — de jours; in a few days. À — près, à — de chose près; nearly about, within a trifle. Attendez un —; wait a little. Imaginez un —! just fancy! Pour — que; if only ... if at all ... if ... ever so little.

=peu=, n.m., little, few. Le — que je vaux; the little (that) I am worth. Encore un —; a little longer; a little more. Se contenter de —; to be contented with little. Vivre de —; to live on next to nothing.

=peulvan= or =peulven=, n.m., (archæol.) menhir.

=peuplade=, n.f., colony; tribe; horde.

=peuple=, adj., (l.u.) vulgar, common.

=peuplé=, =-e=, adj., peopled; stocked; planted (with); filled (with).

=peuple=, n.m., people, nation, race, tribe; multitude, crowd, citizens, working classes, lower classes; vulgar; fry (fish); sucker (of a plant); ☉(bot.) poplar; (techn.) deal-wood. Le menu —, le bas —, le petit —; the common people. La lie du —; the scum of the people. Mettre du — dans un étang; to stock a pond with fry.

=peuplement=, n.m., peopling; stocking a poultry-yard, a pond; planting new trees.

=peupler=, v.a., to people, to populate; to stock with inhabitants; to stock with animals; to plant, to propagate; to breed.

se =peupler=, v.r., to become peopled.

=peupler=, v.n., to multiply, to breed.

=peuplier=, n.m., poplar.

=peur=, n.f., fear, fright; dread, terror. Avoir —; to be afraid. Avoir grand’peur; to be in great fear. Mourir de —; to be frightened to death, to die of fright. Faire — à quelqu’un; to frighten any one. Sans —; fearless. En être quitte pour la —; to get off with the fright; to be merely frightened. Avoir — de son ombre; to be afraid of one’s shadow. Être mis à faire —; to look a fright. Avoir plus de — que de mal; to be more frightened than hurt. De — de; for fear of. De — que; lest, for fear that. De — qu’il ne le sache; lest he should know it.

=peureu-x=, =-se=, adj., fearful, timid, timorous.

=peut-être=, adj., perhaps, may be, perchance, peradventure. — viendra-t-il, — qu’il viendra; perhaps he will come. — que oui; perhaps so.

=peut-être=, n.m., perhaps, supposition. Il n’y a pas de —; there is no perhaps in the matter.

=phaéton=, n.m., phaeton, (fam.) Jehu, driver.

=phagédénique=, adj., (med.) phagedenic.

=phagédénisme=, n.m., (med.) phagedena.

=phalange=, n.f., phalanx, battalion, band; force, host; (anat.) phalanx.

=phalanger=, n.m., (mam.) phalanger.

=phalangite=, n.m., soldier of a phalanx.

=phalanstère=, n.m., phalanstery.

=phalanstérien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., phalansterian.

=phalaris= (-ris), n.m., (bot.) phalaris, canary grass.

=phalarope=, n.m., (orni.) phalarope.

=phalène=, n.f., (ent.) moth.

=phaleuce= or =phaleuque=, n.m. and adj., (Gr. and Lat. poet.) hendecasyllable; hendecasyllabic.

=phallique=, adj., phallic.

=phanérogame=, n.f. and adj., (bot.) phanerogamic plant; phanerogamous.

=phantaisie=, n.f. V. =fantaisie=.

=phantasmagorie=, n.f. V. =fantasmagorie=.

=phantasmagorique=, adj. V. =fantasmagorique=.

=pharaon=, n.m., Pharaoh.

=pharaon=, n.m., faro, pharaon (card game).

=pharaonique=, adj., Pharaonic.

=phare=, n.m., light-house, beacon, beacon-light. — flottant; light-ship.

*=pharillon=, n.m., lantern (used by fishermen to attract fish at night).

=pharisaïque=, adj., Pharisaic, Pharisaical.

=pharisaïsme=, n.m., Pharisaism.

=pharisien= (-zi-in), n.m., =-ne= (-zi-è-n), n.f., Pharisee.

=pharmaceutique=, n.f. and adj., pharmaceutics; pharmaceutical.

=pharmacie=, n.f., pharmacy; chemist’s shop; apothecary’s shop, apothecary’s business; medicine chest; dispensary. — domestique; medicine chest.

=pharmacien= (-in), n.m., apothecary; chemist and druggist.

=pharmacologie=, n.f., pharmacology.

=pharmacologique=, adj., relating to pharmacology.

=pharmacopée=, n.f., pharmacopœia.

=pharmacopole=, n.m., (jest.) pharmacopolist; vendor of drugs.

=pharyngite=, n.f., (med.) pharyngitis.

=pharynx=, n.m., pharynx.

=phase=, n.f., phase, phasis; aspect; stage, period, turn.

=phaséole=, n.f. V. =faséole=.

=phébé=, n.f., (poet.) the moon.

=phébus= (-bûs), n.m., (myth.) Phœbus; (fig.) ranter, fine talker; bombast, fustian. Parler —; to talk fustian, to rant. Donner dans le —; to write fustian.

=phénicien=, =-ne= (-ci-in, -ci-è-n), n. and adj., Phœnician.

=phénicoptère=, n.m., (orni.) phenicopter, flamingo.

=phénique=, adj., (chem.) carbolic, phenic.

=phénix= (fé-niks), n.m., phenix, fabulous bird; (astron.) Phenix. C’est un —; he is a very marvel.

=phénol=, n.m., phenol.

=phénoménal=, =-e=, adj., phenomenal.

=phénomène=, n.m., phenomenon. C’est un — que de vous voir ici; it is quite a miracle, a wonder, to see you here.

=phil-= or =philo-=, a prefix from Gr. φίλος.

=philanthrope=, n.m., philanthropist.

=philanthropie=, n.f., philanthropy.

=philanthropique=, adj., philanthropic.

=philharmonique=, adj., philharmonic.

=philhellène=, n.m.f., philhellenist.

=philinte=, n.m., (fig.) everybody’s friend.

=philippique=, n.f., philippic.

=philistin=, n.m., philistine; (fig.) snob, cockney, vulgar fellow.

=phillyrée=, n.f., (bot.) phillyrea.

=philologie=, n.f., philology.

=philologique=, adj., philological.

=philologue=, n.m., philologist.

=philomathique=, adj., philomathic.

=philomèle=, n.f., (poet.) philomela (the nightingale).

=philosophale=, adj.f., philosopher’s. Pierre —; philosopher’s stone.

=philosophe=, n.m., philosopher.

=philosopher=, v.n., to philosophize.

=philosophie=, n.f., philosophy; (print.) small pica; sixth form (in French public-schools).

=philosophique=, adj., philosophical.

=philosophiquement= (-fik-mān), adv., philosophically.

=philosophisme=, n.m., philosophism.

=philosophiste=, n.m., philosophist.

=philotechnique= (-tèk-nik), adj., philotechnic.

=philtre=, n.m., philter.

=phimosis= (-zis), n.m., (med.) phimosis.

=phlébite=, n.f., (med.) phlebitic.

=phlébotome=, n.m., (surg.) lancet (for bleeding).

=phlébotomie=, n.f., phlebotomy.

=phlébotomiser=, v.a., to phlebotomize.

=phlébotomiste=, n.m., phlebotomist.

=phlegmagogue=, adj., expectorant.

=phlegmasie=, n.f., phlegmasy.

=phlegmatique=, adj. V. =flegmatique=.

=phlegme=, n.m. V. =flegme=.

=phlegmon=, n.m., (med.) phlegmon.

=phlegmoneu-x=, =-se=, adj., (med.) phlegmonous.

☉=phlogistique=, n.m., (chem.) phlogiston.

=phlogose=, n.f., (med.) inflammation.

=phlox=, n.m., (bot.) phlox.

=phlyctène=, n.f., (med.) bulla, blister.

=phœnicure=, n.m., (orni.) red-start, red-tail.

=pholade=, n.f., (conch.) pholas.

=phonétique=, adj., phonetic.

=phonique=, n.f. and adj., phonics; phonic.

=phonograph=, n.m., phonograph; (pers.) phonographer.

=phonographie=, n.f., phonography.

=photographique=, adj., phonographical.

=phonolithe=, n.m., (min.) phonolite.

=phonologie=, n.f., phonology.

=phonomètre=, n.m., (phys.) phonometer (to measure the intensity of sound).

=phoque=, n.m., (mam.) phoca, seal, sea-dog.

=phormion= or =phormione=, n.m., (bot.) phormium.

=phosphate=, n.m., (chem.) phosphate.

=phosphite=, n.m., (chem.) phosphite.

=phosphore=, n.m., phosphorus.

=phosphorescence=, n.f., phosphorescence.

=phosphorescent=, =-e=, adj., phosphorescent.

=phosphoreux=, adj., phosphorous.

=phosphorique=, adj., phosphoric.

=phosphure=, n.m., phosphuret.

=phosphuré=, =-e=, adj., phosphureted.

=photographe=, n.m., photographist, photographer.

=photographie=, n.f., photography, photograph.

=photographier=, v.a., to photograph.

=photographique=, adj., photographic.

=photolithographie=, n.f., photolithography.

=photomètre=, n.m., (phys.) photometer.

=photométrie=, n.f., photometry.

=photométrique=, adj., photometric.

=photophobie=, n.f., (med.) photophobia.

=photosphère=, n.f., (astron.) photosphere.

=phrasaire=, n.m., phrase-book.

=phrase=, n.f., phrase, sentence, affected style, empty talk, twaddle. — faite; idiomatic phrase. Faire des —s; to talk in set phrases. — toute faite; common-place, common topic. Membre de —; clause.

=phrasé=, =-e=, part. adj., phrased.

=phraséologie=, n.f., phraseology.

=phraser=, v.a. and n., (mus.) to mark the phrases; to form phrases, to phrase.

=phraseur= or =phrasier=, n.m., (fam.) phraseologist; prolix, verbose, tedious writer or talker, twaddler; bombastic writer.

=phrénésie=, =phrénétique=. V. =frénésie=, =frénétique=.

=phrénique=, adj., (anat.) phrenic.

=phrénologie=, n.f., phrenology.

=phrénologique=, adj., phrenologic.

=phrénologiste= or =phrénologue=, n.m., phrenologist.

=phrygien=, =-ne=, adj., phrygian. Bonnet —; phrygian cap (the cap of Liberty). Mode —; (mus.) warlike music (in use among the ancient Greeks).

=phtiriasis=, n.f., (med.) pedicular disease.

=phtisie=, n.f., (med.) phthisis, consumption. Être atteint de la —; to be in consumption, to be consumptive.

=phtisique=, n.m.f. and adj., consumptive person, person in consumption; phthisical, consumptive.

=phylactère=, n.m., phylactery.

=phylarque=, n.m., (antiq.) phylarch.

=phyllithe=, n.m., phyllite.

=phylloxera=, n.m., (—) (ent., agri.) phylloxera.

=physicien= (-in), n.m., natural philosopher.

=physico-mathématique=, adj., physico-mathematical.

=physiocrate=, n.m., economist (one who believes that wealth is founded upon agriculture).

=physiognomonie=, n.f., physiognomy (art).

=physiognomonique=, adj., physiognomic.

=physiographe=, n.m., physiographer.

=physiographie=, n.f., physiography.

=physiographique=, adj., physiographical.

=physiologie=, n.f., physiology.

=physiologique=, adj., physiological.

=physiologiste=, n.m., physiologist.

=physionomie=, n.f., physiognomy, countenance, aspect, look; physiognomy (art).

=physionomiste=, n.m., physiognomist.

=physique=, n.f., physics, natural philosophy.

=physique=, adj., physical, material, bodily; absolute, real.

=physique=, n.m., physique, natural constitution of a man; outward appearance.

=physiquement= (fi-zik-mān), adv., physically, bodily.

=phytographie=, n.f., phytography.

=phytolithe=, n.m., phytolite, petrified plant.

=phytologie=, n.f., phytology.

=piaculaire=, adj., expiatory.

☉=piaffe=, n.f., ostentation; show, dash.

=piaffer=, v.n., (man.) to paw the ground, to prance (of horses); ☉to make a show, to cut a dash.

=piaffeur=, n.m. and adj., pawer, prancer, pawing the ground (of horses); (fig.) showy or dashy person.

*=piailler=, v.n., to bawl, to squall, to scold; to rant. Des enfants qui piaillent toujours; children constantly screaming, squalling brats.

*=piaillerie=, n.f., bawling, squalling.

*=piailleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., scold; squaller, bawler, bawling man or woman.

=pian=, n.m., (med.) yaws.

=pianino=, n.m., (—s) upright piano.

=pianissimo=, adv., very softly.

=pianiste=, n.m.f., pianist.

=piano=, adv., (mus.) piano, softly.

=piano= (—s) or =piano-forte= (—s-—) or =forte-piano= (—-—s), n.m., piano-forte. — à queue; grand piano. — carré; square piano, cottage piano. — droit; upright or cottage piano. Jouer du —; to play on the piano.

=piast= or =piaste=, n.m., Polish nobleman.

=piastre=, n.f., piaster (coin).

=piaulard=, =piauleur=, n.m., puler, whiner.

=piaulement=, n.m., whining, puling.

=piauler=, v.n., to pule, to whine; (of chickens) to pip.

=pible=, n.m., (nav.) pole. Mât à —; pole-mast.

=pic=, n.m., pick, pickax; (nav.) gaff; (orni.) woodpecker; peak (of a mountain); pique (at the game of piquet). À —; perpendicularly; (nav.) apeak; (pop.) just in time.

=pica=, n.m., (med.) pica.

=picador=, n.m., (—s) picador.

=picard=, =-e=, n. and adj., Picardian; (fig.) cunning, cautious fellow; artful dodger.

=picholine=, n. and adj. f., pickled olive; pickled.

☉=picorée=, n.f., marauding, pilfering, plundering. Aller à la —; to go a plundering, to go out marauding.

=picorer=, v.n., ☉to go out marauding, plundering; (fig.) to plagiarize, to crib.

=picoreur=, n.m., ☉marauder; plagiarist, cribber.

=picot=, n.m., splinter (of wood); purl (of lace).

=picoté=, =-e=, part., pricked, marked. Il est — de petite vérole; he is pitted with small-pox.

=picotelle=, n.f., (orni.) nut-hatch.

=picotement= (pi-kot-mān), n.m., pricking, tingling, itching.

=picoter=, v.a., to prick, to tingle; to provoke, to tease; to peck (of birds); (man.) to touch (gently) with the spur.

se =picoter=, v.r., to tease, to irritate, to torment, one another.

=picoterie= (pi-ko-trî), n.f., (fam.) teasing, bickering.

=picotin=, n.m., peck (of oats).

=picrate=, n.m., (chem.) carbazotate, picrate.

=picrique=, adj., (chem.) carbazotic, picric.

=pic-vert=, n.m., (—s-—s). V. =pivert=.

=pie=, n.f., (orni.) magpie, pie. —-grièche, (—s-—s) shrike; shrew, vixen. Elle jase comme une —; she chatters like a magpie. Il croit avoir trouvé la — au nid; he thinks he has made a great discovery; he has found a mare’s nest.

=pie=, adj., (l.u.) pious, charitable; (of horses) piebald.

=pièce=, n.f., piece, length, fragment, trick; play, performance; document, paper; head (of cattle, of poultry, game); apartment; puncheon, cask (of oil, wine, etc.); piece of ordnance, cannon; document; joint (of cooked meat). Mettre en —s; to pull, to tear, to pieces. Être armé de toutes —s; to be armed at all points. Faire de toutes —s; to do a thing entirely, to carry anything through. Emporter la —; to sting to the quick, to strike home. Rassemblage de —s; patchwork. — de vin; puncheon of wine. En —; in the cask, in the wood. — d’eau; sheet of water. Une — d’artillerie; a piece of ordnance. —s de campagne; field-pieces. —s de batterie; heavy ordnance. — de théâtre; play. Être bien près de ses —s; to have very little money. Tout d’une —; all of a piece; (of persons) bolt upright. Jouer une — à quelqu’un; to play any one a trick. Accommoder, habiller de toutes —s; to abuse soundly, to rate, to treat ill, to fall foul of. Travailler à l’emporte —; to work by fits and starts, feverishly, to scamp work. Une bonne —; a cunning blade. Donnez la —; to tip. — de résistance; principal dish, joint. — justificative; voucher. — de conviction; material, circumstantial evidence. — à —; bit by bit. Tant la —; so much a piece, a cask. Travailler à ses —s; to work by the job.

=piécette=, n.f., small Spanish silver coin, peseta.

=pied= (pié), n.m., foot; footing; track; leg (of furniture); bottom, ground; pace, slip, track; stalk (of plants). Les doigts du —; the toes. — bot; club-foot, club-footed. Avoir des cors aux —s; to have corns on one’s feet. Le cou-de-—, (—s-—) the instep. Marcher sur la pointe du —; to walk on tip-toe. Un coup de —; a kick. Donner des coups de — à; to kick. Aller à —; to go on foot. Sur —; on foot, standing, astir, sitting up. Taper du —; to stamp. Marcher —s nus; to walk barefooted. Mettre sous ses —s; to trample upon. Les —s de devant; the fore-feet. Petits-—s, (—) small fowl, small game. — plat, plat —; flat foot; (fig.) knave, mean rascal. — poudreux; vagabond, rascal, scoundrel. Une coutume qui prend —; a custom that is gaining ground. Perdre —; to get out of one’s depth. Avoir —; not to be out of one’s depth. —s et poings liés; tied hand and foot. Lâcher —; to give way, to fall back. Prendre — sur quelque chose; to take anything as a precedent. Ne savoir sur quel — danser; not to know which way to turn. Sauter à —s joints; to jump upon; (fig.) to ride rough-shod over. Tenir le — sur la gorge de quelqu’un; to attempt to force any one to do anything. Tenir — à boule; to stick to one’s work. Couper l’herbe sous le — à quelqu’un; to supplant any one. Il a été sur — toute la nuit; he has been up all night. De — en cap; cap-a-pie, from head to foot. Haut le —; be off with you; let us be off at once! Faire haut le —; to vanish, to disappear; to run away. Haut-le-—, (—) (fam.) a man with no fixed residence; a scoundrel. Renvoyer des chevaux haut le —; to send horses away without saddles or harness. Au — de la lettre; strictly speaking, literally. Si vous lui donnez un —, il en prendra quatre; give him an inch and he’ll take an ell. Il a trouvé chaussure à son —; he has found just what he wanted; he has met with his match. Il s’est tiré une épine du —; he pulled a thorn out of his foot; (fig.) he has got out of a difficulty. Être en —; to be in the exercise of one’s functions. De — ferme; without stirring, firmly. De plain —; on a level with. Être assis au — d’un arbre; to be seated at the foot of a tree. Un — de céleri; a stick of celery. Le — du lit; the foot of the bed. Le — d’une table; the leg of a table. — de mât; heel of a mast. Cela a tant de —s de long; that is so many feet long. — à —; step by step; by degrees. Sur le — de; at the rate of. D’arrache-—; without intermission, without stopping. Au petit —; on a small scale. Faire des —s et des mains pour; to do one’s utmost (to), to leave no stone unturned (to). Sur le — où en sont les choses; as matters stand. Avoir bon —, bon œil; to be hale and hearty. Mettre quelqu’un à —; to dismiss a functionary; to deprive a cabman of his license. Ne pas se moucher du —; to give one’s self airs; to be no fool. Sécher sur —; to pine away. La mort l’a pris au — levé; death took him without warning, unawares. Aller du — comme un chat maigre; to be a capital walker.

=pied-à-terre=, n.m., (—) temporary lodging; country-box; shooting lodge.

=pied-d’alouette=, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) larkspur.

=pied-de-coq=, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) cock’s-foot-grass.

=pied-de-lion=, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) lion’s-foot.

=pied-de-poule=, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) crowfoot.

=pied-de-veau=, n.m., (—s-—) calf’s foot; (bot.) cuckoo-pint, wake-robin.

=pied-d’oiseau=, n.m., (—s-—) (bot.) bird’s-foot.

=pied-droit=, n.m., (—s-—s) (arch.) pier; pied droit, upright, pillar.

=piédestal=, n.m., (arch.) pedestal.

=pied-fort=, n.m., (—s-—s) (coin.) a gold, silver, or copper coin (thicker than others).

=piédouche=, n.m., (arch.) piedouche, small pedestal for a bust, a vase, etc.

=piège=, n.m., snare, trap, decoy. Tendre, dresser, un —; to set a snare. Prendre au —; to catch in a trap. Il a donné, il est tombé, dans le —; he fell into the snare.

=pie-grièche=, n.f., (—s-—s) (orni.) shrike; (pers.) shrew.

=pie-mère=, n.f., (n.p.) (anat.) pia mater.

*=pierraille=, n.f., broken stone.

=pierre=, n.f., stone, flint; (fig.) steel, rock; gem; (med.) calculus. — de taille; freestone. — à aiguiser; grindstone. — précieuse; gem, precious stone. — fausse; paste. — à fusil; flint. — à cautère; potential cautery. — d’achoppement; stumbling-block. — de touche; touchstone. Première —; foundation-stone. La — philosophale; the philosopher’s stone. Il gèle à — fendre; it is freezing extremely hard. Jeter la — à quelqu’un; to attack any one (in words). Jeter des —s dans le jardin de quelqu’un; to throw out insinuations against any one. — d’attente; (mas.) toothing; (fig.) stepping-stone. — angulaire; corner-stone. — d’évier; gutter-stone, kitchen-sink. — milliaire; milestone. Faire d’une — deux coups; to kill two birds with one stone. — qui roule n’amasse pas de mousse; a rolling stone gathers no moss. Faire rire un tas de —s; to make a cat laugh.

=pierrée=, n.f., (engineering) rubble drain.

=pierreries= (pièr-rî), n.f.pl., jewels, precious stones.

=pierrette=, n.f., little stone, pebble; (orni.) hen-sparrow.

=pierreu-x=, =-se=, n. and adj., stony, flinty, gritty, gravely; calculous.

=pierrier=, n.m., stone drain, swivel-gun.

=pierrot=, n.m., house-sparrow; clown, merry-andrew.

=pierrures=, n.f.pl., (hunt.) pearls; bur (of deer).

=piété=, n.f., piety, godliness; love, affection.

=piéter=, v.n., to foot the mark (at games).

=piéter=, v.a., ☉to set against. — l’étrave, l’étambord, le gouvernail; (nav.) to mark the numbers of feet on the stem, on the stern-post, on the rudder.

☉se =piéter=, v.r., to resist, to set one’s self against.

=piétinement= (-ti-n-mān), n.m., moving of feet; stamping, trampling.

=piétiner=, v.n., to stamp, to move one’s feet about. — de colère; to stamp with rage.

=piétiner=, v.a., to tread, or to trample, under foot, to trample on.

=piétisme=, n.m., pietism.

=piétiste=, n.m., pietist.

=piéton=, n.m., =-ne=, n.f., pedestrian, foot-passenger; rural postman.

=piètre=, adj., (fam.) shabby, wretched; pitiful. n., vagabond, tramp, loafer.

=piètrement=, adv., (fam.) pitifully, wretchedly, shabbily.

=piètrerie=, n.f., (l.u.) shabby thing, wretched stuff.

=piette=, n.f., (orni.) weasel-coot.

=pieu=, n.m., stake, pile, post, pale.

=pieusement= (pi-eûz-mān), adv., piously, devoutly, religiously; implicitly, obediently; reverently.

=pieuvre=, n.f., (mol.) octopus, poulp, cat-o’nine tails.

=pieu-x=, =-se=, adj., pious, godly, religious, holy.

=pif=, n.m., bottle-nose, nozzle. — paf; (int.) slap! bang!

=piffre=, n.m., =-sse=, n.f., (l.ex.) stout person; glutton.

se =piffrer=, v.r., (l.ex.) to eat greedily, or to excess.

=pigamon=, n.m., meadow-rue.

=pigeon= (-jon), n.m., pigeon, dove; dupe, gull. — culbutant; tumbler. — à grosse gorge; pouter, cropper. — ramier; wood-pigeon. — voyageur or messager; carrier-pigeon. Des —s à la crapaudine; broiled pigeons. Gorge de —; shot-colored (of silks).

=pigeonneau= (-jo-no), n.m., young pigeon.

=pigeonnier= (-jo-nié), n.m., pigeon-house, dove-cot.

=pigment=, n.m., (anat.) pigment.

*=pigne=, n.f., (metal.) pena gold, pena silver; (bot.) kernel of the fir-apple.

*=pignocher=, v.n., to eat without appetite, to pick here and there; to nibble at food.

*=pignon=, n.m., gable end, gable (of a house); kernel (of a fir-apple); (mec.) pinion. Avoir — sur rue; to have a house of one’s own.

=pignorati-f=, =-ve=, adj., (jur.) with power of redemption.

=pilaire=, adj., pilous, pilose, hairy.

=pilastre=, n.m., (arch.) pilaster.

=pilau=, n.m., pillaff (stewed rice).

=pile=, n.f., pile, heap; pier (of a bridge); mole (mas.); (arch.) tambour; (of coins) reverse, pile. Mettre en —; to pile up. — de cuivre; pile of weights. — voltaïque, — de Volta, — galvanique; voltaic, galvanic battery. — ou face, croix ou —; head or tail, man or woman. Jouer à — ou face, or à croix ou —; to play at heads or tails, to toss. N’avoir ni croix ni —; to be penniless, destitute.

=pile-culée=, n.f., (—s-—s) abutment-pier.

=piler=, v.a., to pound, to crash, to powder.

=pileur=, n.m., pounder, beater.

=pileu-x=, =-se=, adj. V. =pilaire=.

=pilier=, n.m., pillar, column, post; (pers.) support, supporter, fixture; constant frequenter; stump (leg). — de cabaret; tavern-haunter, regular tippler. — butant; butting pillar. — de carrière; pillar, support of a quarry.

*=pillage=, n.m., pillage, plunder, pilfering, plundering. Livrer au —; to give up to plunder. Tout y est au —; everything is at the mercy of any one, can be had for the taking.

*=pillard=, =-e=, n. and adj., pillager, plunderer; pillaging, plundering.

*=piller=, v.a., to pillage, to plunder, to ransack; to purloin, to pilfer; to attack (of dogs). — une ville; to plunder a town. Ce chien pille tous les autres chiens; that dog attacks, or flies at, all the other dogs. Pille! Pille! seize him! seize him!

*=pillerie=, n.f., pillage, plunder, pilfer, extortion.

*=pilleur=, n.m., pillager, plunderer, pilferer.

=pilon=, n.m., pestle; stamper. Mettre au —; to tear up (books).

=pilonnage=, n.m., (tech.) pugging; pounding, stamping, milling.

=pilonner=, v.a., (tech.) to pug; to pound, to mill, to stamp.

=pilori=, n.m., pillory. Mettre quelqu’un au —; (fig.) to defame anybody.

=pilorier=, v.a., to pillory, to put in the pillory, to slander, to libel, to asperse.

=piloris=, n.m., (mam.) musk-rat.

=piloselle=, n.f., (bot.) mouse-ear.

=pilot= (pi-lô), n.m., (tech.) heap of salt; pile, stake of timber.

=pilotage=, n.m., pile-driving, piling; (nav.) piloting.

=pilote=, n.m., pilot, guide. — côtier; coasting pilot. — lamaneur; coasting, harbor, river pilot. — hauturier; sea pilot.

=piloter=, v.a. and n., (tech.) to pile, to drive piles in.

=piloter=, v.a., (nav.) to pilot; (fig., fam.) to pilot, to guide, to serve as a guide.

=pilotin=, n.m., (nav.) pilot’s apprentice.

=pilotis=, n.m., piling, pile-work; stilt.

=pilule=, n.f., (pharm.) pill. Dorer la —; to gild the pill.

=pilulier=, n.m., pill-machine.

=pilum=, n.m., (—) (antiq.) pilum (Roman antiq.).

=pimbèche=, n.f., impertinent woman, saucy baggage. Quelle —! what a minx!

=piment=, n.m., pimento, capsicum, all-spice.

=pimpant=, =-e=, adj., natty, tidy; fine, spruce, smart, stylish.

=pimprenelle=, n.f., (bot.) pimpernel, burnet. — d’Afrique; honey-flower.

=pin=, n.m., (bot.) pine-tree, pine, Scotch fir. Pomme de —; fir-cone; fir-nut; fir-apple.

=pinace=, n.f. V. =pinasse=.

=pinacle=, n.m., pinnacle. Mettre quelqu’un sur le —; to praise any one to the skies. Il est sur le —; he is as high as he can go.

=pinaie=, n.f., pine-plantation.

=pinasse= or =pinace=, n.f., (nav.) pinnace.

=pinastre=, n.m., (bot.) pinaster.

=pinçard=, adj., wearing the shoe at the toe (of a horse).

=pince=, n.f., pliers, nippers; tongs; hold; gripe; crow, crowbar (lever); sharp-pointed fold (in garments); toe (of a horse’s foot); claw (of a lobster); edge (of a deer’s hoof); (surg.) forceps. Petites —s; tweezers. —s à sucre; sugar-tongs. —s d’un cheval; horse’s fore-teeth. — d’un fer à cheval; front of a horse-shoe. Prendre une bûche avec la —; to take up a log with the tongs. Être menacé de la —, craindre la —; to be in danger of being arrested, to fear arrest. Gare la —! mind you are not sent to prison! Avoir la — forte, la — rude; to have a good gripe.

=pincé=, =-e=, adj., pinched; affected, stiff, prim; thin; tight. —! caught! found out! taken in!

=pinceau=, n.m., pencil, brush. Trait, coup, de —; dash, stroke, of the pencil. Avoir un beau —; (paint.) to have a fine touch. — à barbe; shaving brush.

=pincée=, n.f., pinch.

=pincelier=, n.m., (paint.) dip-cup, smutch-pot.

*=pince-maille=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) pinch-penny, skinflint, screw.

=pincement=, n.m., (agri.) pinching, nipping off of the heads of buds.

=pince-nez=, n.m., (—) double eye-glass, folding eye-glass; folder.

=pincer=, v.a., to pinch, to press, to hold fast, to gripe, to bite; to nip, to nip off; to rally, to reproach; to surprise, to catch; to play (the guitar, harp); (nav.) to hug. — les petits bourgeons d’un arbre; to nip off the small buds of a tree. — de la harpe; to play upon the harp. — quelqu’un; to give any one a nip. Il pince en riant; he can nip and laugh. — le vent; (nav.) to hug or haul close to the wind. Se faire —; to get caught, to get found out, taken in.

se =pincer=, v.r., to pinch one’s self.

=pincer=, v.n., to pinch, to rally, to reproach; to play (the guitar, harp); (man.) to spur gently.

=pince-sans-rire=, n.m., (—) sly, malicious person; dry joker.

=pincette=, n.f., or =pincettes=, n.f.pl., tongs, tweezers, nippers. On ne le toucherait pas avec des —s; a person would not touch him with a pair of tongs.

=pinchina=, n.m., thick, coarse woolen cloth.

=pinçon=, n.m., pinch (mark).

=pinçure=, n.f., pinching, pinch; crease.

=pindarique=, adj., pindaric.

=pindariser=, v.n., to speak affectedly; to talk fustian, bombast; to write fustian, bombast.

=pindariseur=, n.m., ranter, talker of fustian, bombast; writer of fustian, bombast.

=pinde=, n.m., Pindus; (fig.) poets, poetry.

=pinéal=, =-e=, adj., (anat.) pineal.

=pineau=, n.m., black Burgundy grape.

=pingouin= or =pinguin=, n.m., (orni.) penguin; auk.

=pingre=, n.m. and adj., (pop.) miser, skinflint; avaricious, mean, stingy, close-fisted.

=pinne= or =pinne marine=, n.f., (mol.) pinna.

=pinné=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) pinnate, pinnated.

=pinnule=, n.f., pinnule, sight-vane (of instruments).

=pinque=, n.f., (nav.) pink.

=pinson=, n.m., (orni.) finch; chaffinch. Gai comme un —; as gay as a lark, as merry as a grig.

=pintade=, n.f., (orni.) Guinea-fowl, pearl-hen.

=pintadeau=, n.m., Guinea-chick.

=pinte=, n.f., pint (obsolete measure).

=pinter=, v.n., to tipple, to guzzle.

=piochage=, n.m., digging, working, fagging.

=pioche=, n.f., pickax, mattock.

=piocher=, v.a., to dig.

=piocher=, v.n., to dig; to fag, to work hard, to study hard; to fight.

=piocheur=, n.m., digger; hard-working student; fag, sweater.

=pioler=. V. =piauler=.

=pion=, n.m., pawn (at chess); man (at draughts); man without property or resources; usher (in a school). Damer le — à quelqu’un; to outdo any one.

=pionce=, n.f., nap, snooze, forty winks.

=pioncer=, v.n., to snooze, to have a nap, to have forty winks.

=pionceur=, n.m., snoozer, heavy sleeper.

=pione=, n.f. V. =pivoine= (bot.).

=pionner=, v.n., to take pawns (at chess).

=pionnier=, n.m., pioneer.

=piot= (piô), n.m., (pop.) wine.

=piote=, n.f., a species of gondola.

=pioupiou= (pioo-), n.m., (—s) (pop.) foot-soldier, tommy, worm-crusher.

=pipe=, n.f., pipe, tobacco-pipe; pipe (cask).

=pipeau=, n.m., pipe, oaten pipe, reed-pipe, shepherd’s pipe; bird-call; limed twig; snare.

=pipée=, n.f., bird-catching (with a bird-call); (fig.) deceit, trickery. Prendre à la —; to catch with a bird-call; (fig.) to cozen, to take in.

=piper=, v.a., to catch birds with a bird-call; to deceive, to trick; to dupe, to cheat; to prepare (cards); to load, to cog (dice).

=piperesse=, (st.e.) fem. of =pipeur=, q.v.

☉=piperie= (pi-prî), n.f., cheating (at play); deceit, trickery.

=pipeu-r=, =-se=, n. and adj., cheat, trickster (at play); cheat, deceiver; cheating, deceitful.

=pipi=, n.m., (triv.) urine, water. Faire —; to piddle.

=pipi= or =pitpit=, n.m., (orni.) titling, titlark, pipit.

=pipoir=, n.m., owl-call.

=piquamment=, adv., piquantly, smartly.

=piquant=, =-e=, adj., prickly, stinging; sharp, pungent; biting, nipping; cutting, keen; lively, piquant, pointed, smart. De la moutarde —e; hot mustard. Froid —; biting cold. Des mots —s; pointed words, cutting words. Il a une conversation —e; his conversation is very smart. Elle a l’air —; she has a lively, attractive, pleasing appearance.

=piquant=, n.m., prickle; quill (of porcupines); pungency, pith, point, fun, cream; piquancy. Le — de la chose; the point, fun, or cream of the thing.

=pique=, n.f., pike (weapon); pique, grudge, spite, quarrel. Bois de —; pikestaff. Demi-—; short pike. Être à cent —s de; to be miles off in guessing. Être à cent —s au-dessus, au-dessous, de quelqu’un, de quelque chose; to be far above, below, any one or anything. Petite —; slight pique, quarrel, tiff. Par —; out of pique or out of spite.

=pique=, n.m., spade (at cards). As de —; (fig.) parson’s or pope’s nose.

=piqué=, =-e=, part., quilted; larded. Jupon —; quilted petticoat. Poulet —; larded chicken. Cela n’est pas — des vers; it is a smart bit of work or it is not to be sneezed at.

=piqué=, n.m., quilting. Goût de —; (of wine) sourish taste, tartness.

=pique-assiette=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) spunger; dinner-hunter; trencher-friend.

=pique-bœuf=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) cattle-drover; (orni.) buphaga, beef-eater.

=pique-nique=, n.m., (—-—s) picnic. Faire un —; to have a picnic.

=piquer=, v.a., to prick; to prod; to goad; to sting; to puncture; to bite; to quilt; to stitch; to lard; to stick; to prick off, to mark off; to be piquant; to excite, to stimulate, to urge on, to goad on; to pique, to gall, to nettle; to spur; (surg.) to puncture. — les absents; to prick off the absent. — d’honneur; to put on (his or her) mettle. — des bœufs; to goad oxen. Quelle mouche le pique? what has put him into a passion? what’s up with him? — une jupe; to quilt a petticoat. — de la viande; to lard meat. — un cheval; to spur a horse. — la curiosité de quelqu’un; to excite or rouse any one’s curiosity. Il en fut piqué; he was nettled at it. — une tête; to take a header. — un soleil; (fam.) to get very red.

se =piquer=, v.r., to prick one’s self, to sting one’s self; to be offended, to be nettled, to feel affronted, to be piqued; to pride one’s self, to plume one’s self, to pique one’s self, to take a pride in; to turn sour; to become spotted. Se — d’honneur; to make it a point of honor; to think one’s self bound in honor. Se — au jeu; to persist in playing although losing. Ce papier se pique; this paper is becoming spotted, covered with spots. Ce vin se pique; this wine is turning sour. Se — de rien; to take offense at the least thing.

=piquer=, v.n., to sting; to be piquant; (man.) to spur. — des deux; to spur a horse (with both heels); to put spurs to one’s horse; to gallop off at full speed; (fig. fam.) to go very fast; to strive hard.

=piquet=, n.m., picket, peg, stake; (milit.) picket; piquet (card game); cluster of flowers (on a bonnet). Être au —; to be standing up in a corner (as a punishment in schools). Être de —; (milit.) to be on picket duty. Planter le —; to pitch the tents, to take up one’s quarters. Lever le —; to strike the tents; to decamp. Aller planter le — chez quelqu’un; to take up one’s quarters with any one.

=piqueté=, =-e=, adj., spotted, dotted.

=piqueter=, v.a., to set or mark with stakes or pickets; to fix.

=piquette=, n.f., rape wine; sour wine; thin wine.

=piqueur=, n.m., outrider; marker who notes down the names of persons absent; (cook.) one who lards (meat); (man.) stud-groom; (hunt.) whipper-in, huntsman. — d’assiettes; spunger. — d’écurie; head-groom. — de vins; wine-taster.

=piqueu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., stitcher.

=piquier=, n.m., pikeman.

=piqûre=, n.f., pricking, prick, sting, puncture; worm-hole; (needlework) quilting, stitching; (vet.) warbles.

=pirate=, n.m., pirate, corsair, buccaneer; extortioner.

=pirater=, v.n., to pirate, to exercise piracy, to commit piracy.

=piraterie= (pi-ra-trî), n.f., piracy; act of piracy; extortion.

=pire=, adj. and n.m., worse, worst. Le remède est — que le mal; the remedy is worse than the disease. Le —; the worst. Il n’y a — sourd que celui qui ne veut pas entendre; none so deaf as those who won’t hear. Il n’y a — eau que l’eau qui dort; still waters run deep.

=piriforme=, adj., (anat.) pear-shaped.

=pirogue= (pi-rog), n.f., pirogue, canoe, jolly boat.

=pirole=, n.f., (bot.) wintergreen.

=pirouette=, n.f., pirouette; rapid whirling round; whirligig; subterfuge.

=pirouetter=, v.n., to pirouette; to whirl about or round.

=pirrhonien=, =-ne=, adj. V. =pyrrhonien=.

=pirrhonisme=, n.m. V. =pyrrhonisme=.

=pis=, n.m., udder, dug (of cows, etc.).

=pis=, adv. and n.m., worse, worst. Le — qui puisse arriver; the worst that can happen. Mettre quelqu’un au —; to bid any one do his worst. De mal en —; from bad to worse. De — en —; worse and worse. Qui — est; what is worse. Mettre les choses au —; to suppose the worst.

=pis aller=, n.m., worst; last shift, last resource; makeshift; compensation. Au — —; at the worst; let the worst come to the worst. C’est votre — —; it is your last shift, your last resource. C’est un — —; it is a makeshift.

=piscicole=, adj., piscicultural.

=pisciculteur=, n.m., pisciculturist.

=pisciculture=, n.f., pisciculture, fish culture.

=pisciforme=, adj., pisciform, fish-shaped.

=piscine=, n.f., piscina.

=piscivore=, adj., piscivorous.

=pisé=, n.m., pisé (mas.).

=pissasphalte=, n.m., pissasphalt.

=pissat=, n.m., piss, urine.

=pissement= (pis-mān), n.m., pissing.

=pissenlit=, n.m., (bot.) dandelion; pissabed.

=pisser=, v.a. and n., to piss; to make water.

=pisseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., pisser.

=pissoir=, n.m., public urinal.

=pissoter=, v.n., to piss often.

=pissotière=, n.f., public urinal; paltry fountain.

=pistache=, n.f., pistachio, pistachio-nut.

=pistachier=, n.m., pistachio-tree.

=piste=, n.f., track, course, race-course, foot-prints, trace, trail. Suivre quelqu’un à la —; to follow on the track of any one. Suivre un lièvre à la —; to follow the scent of a hare.

=pistia=, n.m., (bot.) water-lettuce.

=pistil=, n.m., (bot.) pistil.

=pistole=, n.f., pistole (gold coin of Spain); lock-up (for remanded prisoners). Il est cousu de —s; he is rolling in riches, or made of money.

=pistolet=, n.m., pistol. Un coup de —; a pistol-shot. Tirer un coup de —; to fire off a pistol. — d’arçon; horse-pistol. Quel drôle de —! (fig. and fam.) what a funny sort of fellow!

=piston=, n.m., sucker, bucket (of a pump); piston. Fusil à —; percussion-gun. Tige de —; piston-rod. Cornet à —; cornet.

=pitance=, n.f., pittance, allowance (of food); dole; daily subsistence. Maigre —; short allowance. Aller à la —; to go to market.

=pitaud=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., clown, lubber, lout.

=pite=, n.f., (bot.) agave, pitahemp.

=piteusement= (pi-teûz-mān), adj., piteously, woefully, sadly.

=piteu-x=, =-se=, adj., piteous, pitiable, woeful. Faire —se mine; to look the picture of misery. Faire —se chère; to fare badly.

=pitié=, n.f., pity, compassion; mercy; contempt, disdain. Emouvoir la — de quelqu’un; to move any one’s pity. D’un œil de —; with an eye of pity. Il vaut mieux faire envie que —; better be envied than pitied. C’est grande —, c’est grand’—; it is a great pity. Vos menaces me font —; your threats excite my disdain (i.e., I despise your threats). À faire —; pitifully, wretchedly. Regarder quelqu’un en —; to take pity on, or despise, any one. Par —; for pity’s sake; out of pity. Il me fait —; I pity him or I despise him.

=piton=, n.m., screw-ring, staple; (geog.) peak.

=pitoyable=, adj., pitiful, pitiable, piteous; compassionate; contemptible, wretched.

=pitoyablement=, adv., pitifully, piteously; wretchedly.

=pittoresque= (pit-to-rèsk), adj., picturesque, graphic. n.m., picturesque, picturesqueness.

=pittoresquement= (pit-to-rèsk-mān), adv., picturesquely, in a picturesque manner.

=pitre=, n.m., clown.

=pituitaire=, adj., pituitary.

=pituite=, n.f., pituite, phlegm, mucus.

=pituiteu-x=, =-se=, adj., pituitous, phlegmatic.

=pivert=, n.m., (orni.) green woodpecker.

=pivine=, n.f., ash-gull.

=pivite=, n.f., peewit, lapwing.

=pivoine=, n.m., (orni.) bullfinch, gnat-snapper.

=pivoine=, n.f., (bot.) pæony, peony.

=pivot=, n.m., pin, spindle, pivot, hinge; (hort.) tap-root. — de meule de moulin; spindle of a mill.

=pivotant=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) tap-rooted. Racine —e; (bot.) tap-root.

=pivoter=, v.n., to turn on a pivot, to revolve upon, to turn.

=pizzicato=, n.m. and adv., (mus.) pizzicato.

=placabilité=, n.f., placableness, placability.

=placable=, adj., placable.

=plaçable=, adj., placeable, saleable.

=placage=, n.m., plating (metal.); veneering (of wood); patchwork.

=plaçage=, n.m., stalling (of animals); placing.

=placard=, n.m., placard, poster, bill; (print.) slip; cupboard (in a wall); (carp.) door-leap. Porte en —; panel-door.

=placarder=, v.a., to placard, to post up. — un avis au public; to post up a public notice; (fig.) to libel; to expose, to show up.

=place=, n.f., place, room, seat, spot, ground; post, employment, office, town, stronghold; fortress; square; room, stead. Retenir des —s; to secure seats. Mettre chaque chose à sa —; to put each thing in its place. Faire — à quelqu’un; to make room for any one. Sur —; on the spot, on the premises. En —! in your places, take your seats! Sur la —; upon the spot; (com.) in the market; on change. Il ne saurait demeurer en —; he can never stand still. Mettez-vous à ma —; put yourself in my place. Si j’étais à votre —; if I were in your place. — de confiance; place of trust. Un homme en —; a man in office. — d’armes; place of arms, stronghold, square, parade-ground. — de guerre, — forte; fortress, stronghold. La — n’est plus tenable; it is no longer possible to remain. Demeurer, or rester, sur la —; to be left dead on the spot, on the field. Qui va à la chasse, perd sa —; if you leave your place, you lose it. — de fiacres; hackney-coach stand. Une voiture de —; a hackney-coach. La tête, la fin, de la —; the top, the bottom, of the stand. Avoir crédit sur la —; (com.) to have credit (in the market, on change). — marchande; place good for trade, trading town. Se faire —; to make one’s way. Faire la —; (com.) to solicit orders, to canvass. —! make room! make way!

=placé=, =-e=, part., placed. Il est bien —; he has a good place, situation. Il a le cœur bien —; his heart is in the right place. Cela n’est pas bien —; that is ill-timed. Haut —; in a high position.

=placement= (plas-mān), n.m., placing; (com.) sale; putting out, investing, investment (money). Bureau de —; intelligence-office; registry-office (for servants).

=placenta= (-sin-ta), n.m., (anat., bot.) placenta.

=placentaire=, adj., placentary, placental.

=placer=, n.m., (—s) (gold digging) placer.

=placer=, v.a., to place, to put, to seat, to get a situation for, to find a place for; to introduce (goods); to dispose, to set, to invest, to deposit, to lodge. — de l’argent à la banque; to lodge money in the bank. — de l’argent sur l’Etat; to invest money in the funds. Il place bien ce qu’il dit; what he says is to the purpose. — quelqu’un; to get any one a place.

se =placer=, v.r., to place one’s self; to obtain a situation; to be sold, to sell.

=placet=, n.m., petition.

=placeu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., placer; registry office keeper.

=placide=, adj., placid, calm, unruffled.

=placidement=, adv., placidly, calmly.

=placidité=, n.f., placidity, placidness; calmness.

=placi-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., outdoor clerk, under-letter (of standings); (com.) town traveler, agent.

=plafond=, n.m., ceiling. — en voussure; cove, coving. — en corniche; soffit.

=plafonnage=, n.m., ceiling (action, work).

=plafonner=, v.a., to ceil, to make a ceiling.

=plafonneur=, n.m., plasterer.

=plagal=, adj., (mus.) plagal.

=plage=, n.f., beach, strand, shore, seashore. — de sable; sandy beach. Vaisseau jeté sur la —; ship stranded on the beach.

=plagiaire=, n.m., plagiarist.

=plagiat=, n.m., plagiarism.

☉=plaid=, n.m., plea, pleading, hearing. Être sage au retour des —s; to be wise after the event. Chefs —s; chief-pleas (court of).

=plaid= (plè), n.m., plaid, traveling rug.

=plaidable=, adj., pleadable.

=plaidant=, adj., pleading, litigant. Avocat —; barrister, pleader.

=plaider=, v.a., to plead, to argue, to allege; to intercede (for); to be at law, to litigate. — quelqu’un; to sue any one at law. — le faux pour savoir le vrai; to allege what is false to get at the truth. Plaidez ma cause; intercede for me.

=plaider=, v.n., to plead; to be at law, to go to law. Se —, v.r., to be pleaded or argued. La cause se plaide aujourd’hui; the case comes on for hearing to-day.

=plaideu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., litigant, suitor.

=plaidoirie=, n.f., barrister’s, counsel’s speech; address. pl., pleadings.

=plaidoyer=, n.m., speech for the defense, counsel’s address. pl., pleadings.

=plaie=, n.f., sore, wound; plague, evil. Panser une —; to dress a sore or wound. — envenimée; rankling sore. Mettre le doigt sur la —; to point out the evil. Ne demander que — et bosse; to be bent on quarreling, to be always ready for a row.

=plaignant=, =-e=, n. and adj., (jur.) complainant, plaintiff, prosecutor; complaining.

=plain=, =-e=, adj., plain, even, flat, level. En —e campagne; in open country. Chambres de —-pied, —-pied (—); rooms on one floor. —-chant, (n.p.) plain chant. Cela va de — pied; that comes as a matter of course; it is all plain sailing.

=plaindre= (plaignant, plaint), v.a., to pity, to compassionate, to commiserate; to grudge. Je vous plains; I pity you. Il est à —; he is to be pitied. — sa peine; to grudge one’s pains. — le pain qu’ils mangent; to grudge the very bread they eat. Il ne plaint rien à ses enfants; he begrudges his children nothing.

se =plaindre=, v.r., to complain, to groan, to moan; to grudge one’s self. J’ai bien lieu de me plaindre de vous; I have good reason to complain of you. — en justice; to lodge a complaint in court.

=plaine=, n.f., plain, level, lea, common, heath.

=plainte=, n.f., complaint, action, plaint; groaning, lamentation; wailing. Porter —; to lodge a complaint.

=plainti-f=, =-ve=, adj., plaintive, querulous, complaining, doleful, mournful, sad.

=plaintivement= (-tiv-mān), adv., plaintively, mournfully, dolefully, sadly.

=plaire= (plaisant, plu), v.n., to please, to be agreeable; to delight, to suit. — à quelqu’un; to please any one. Cela vous plaît à dire; you are pleased to say so. Plaît-il? what do you say; beg pardon! Je ferai ce qu’il vous plaira; I will do what you please. Il ne me plaît pas que vous y alliez; I do not like your going there. Si cela ne vous plaît pas; if you are averse to it. Plût à Dieu; would to God. À Dieu ne plaise; God forbid.

se =plaire=, v.r., to delight in, to take pleasure in; to like, to love; to be pleased with, to take to; to flatter one’s self; to thrive. Il se plaît à faire du mal; he delights in doing mischief.

=plaisamment= (plè-za-mān), adv., humorously, pleasantly; ludicrously, laughably, amusingly.

=plaisance=, n.f., pleasure. Maison de —; villa, country seat. Bateau de —; pleasure boat. Lieu de —; pleasant retreat.

=plaisant=, =-e=, adj., pleasant; humorous, ludicrous, amusing, droll, funny, comical, pretty; odd, strange; singular, curious. C’est le plus — homme du monde; he is the most amusing fellow alive. Ce sont de —es gens; (iron.) they are impertinent people. Il vous a fait un — régal; he entertained you right royally. C’est un — personnage; he is a ridiculous fellow.

=plaisant=, n.m., jester; humor, fun, ludicrousness. Il fait le —; he tries to be funny. Un mauvais —; a sorry jester, a humbug. Le — de l’aventure; the laughable part of the adventure.

=plaisanter=, v.a., to joke, to banter, to jeer, to make fun of.

=plaisanter=, v.n., to jest, to joke, to make merry. Il plaisante sur tout; he jests about everything. C’est un homme qui ne plaisante pas; he is not a man to be trifled with. Il ne plaisante pas là-dessus; he is in downright earnest in the matter. En plaisantant; in jest, by way of a joke, jestingly.

=plaisanterie= (plè-zan-trî), n.f., pleasantry, jesting, joking, jest, joke; mockery; mere farce. — de bon ton, de mauvais ton; genteel, vulgar, pleasantry. — légère, piquante; light, pointed, pleasantry. Cela est dit par —; that is said in jest, by way of a joke. — à part; jesting aside. Il sait manier, il manie bien, la —; he is a good hand at a joke. Une bonne plaisanterie mérite les honneurs du bis; a good story will bear repetition.

=plaisir=, n.m., pleasure, delight, joy; recreation, diversion, sport, entertainment; will, consent, approbation; favor, courtesy, kindness, good turn. Se faire un — de; to take pleasure in, to be pleased to. Se faire un — de son devoir; to delight in doing one’s duty. Prendre — à quelque chose; to delight in anything. Cela fait — à voir; that is a pleasant sight. Nul — sans peine; no joy without alloy. La peine passe le —; the pain exceeds the pleasure. Partie de —; pleasure party, picnic. Jouer pour le —, pour son —; to play for love, for diversion. Menus —s; pocket-money. Faites-moi le —; do me the favor. À —; carefully; at one’s ease; gratuitously; designedly. Un conte fait or inventé à —; a made-up story, a gratuitous tale, a lie. Par —; for pastime, for sport; (fam., l.u.) by way of trial. Au —! good-bye! Faire —; to give pleasure, to oblige; to be pleasing.

=plan=, n.m., plane; plan, draught, design, model; scheme, project; ground, perspective. — incliné; inclined plane. Premier —; foreground. Arrière-—, (—-—s) (paint.) background. — d’arrimage; (nav.) tier. — de niveau; datum line. — horizontal; ground-plan. Lever de —s; surveying. Faire le — de; to survey. — à vue d’oiseau; bird’s-eye view. — en relief; plan in relief. Lever un —; to take a plan of. Faire l’élévation d’un —; to give a raised plan of. Réléguer au second —; to put into the background.

=plan=, =-e=, adj., even, plain, level, flat.

=planche=, n.f., board, plank; (engr.) plate; (gard.) bed, border. —s d’un bateau; planks, ribs, of a boat. — à bouteilles; bottle-rack. Faire la —; to float on one’s back. Monter sur les —s; to tread the boards. S’appuyer sur une — pourrie; to lean upon a rotten staff. Faire la — aux autres; to show others the way. — à débarquer; gangway of a boat. — de salut; sheet anchor. Jour de —; (com.) working day.

=planchéiage=, n.m., boarding, planking, flooring.

=planchéier=, v.a., to plank, to floor, to board (with planks).

=planchéieur=, n.m., floor-layer.

=plancher=, n.m., floor; ceiling; (nav.) stage. — parqueté; inlaid, wooden floor. — carrelé; brick, stone floor. Frotter un —; to scrub, or polish, a floor. Le — des vaches; dry land, terrâ firma. Sauter au —; to jump to the ceiling; (fig.) to be driven mad.

=planchette=, n.f., little board; (math.) plane table.

=plançon= or =plantard=, n.m., sapling; slip, twig, shoot (of willow, etc.).

=plane=, n.m. V. =platane=.

=plane=, n.f., draw-knife; turning chisel; spoke-shave.

=planer=, v.n., to hover, to tower; to soar; to look down (from on high). Un milan qui plane; a kite hovering. — sur les difficultés; to soar above difficulties (i.e., to overcome them).

=planer=, v.a., to make smooth, to plane, to planish. — un morceau de bois; to plane a piece of wood. — le cuivre; to beat copper smooth. — une peau; to strip the wool off a skin.

=planétaire=, adj., planetary.

=planétaire=, n.m., planetarium, orrery.

=planète=, n.f., planet, star.

=planeur=, n.m., (manu.) planisher.

=planimétrie=, n.f., (geom.) planimetry.

=planisphère=, n.m., planisphere.

in =plano=, adv. V. =in plano=.

=plant=, n.m., set, twig, plant, young plant, slip, plantation, grove. En —; standing; (fig.) in the lurch. — de vigne; slip of vine. Jeune —; vineyard newly set; plantation of young trees. Rester en —; to remain standing. Laisser en —; to give the slip to; to leave in the lurch. Mettre en —; (pop.) to pawn.

=plantage=, n.m., planting; plantation.

=plantain=, n.m., (bot.) plantain.

=plantard=, n.m. V. =plançon=.

=plantation=, n.f., planting; plantation.

=plante=, n.f., sole of the foot; (bot.) plant. — ligneuse; ligneous plant. — fibreuse; fibrous plant. — herbacée; herbaceous plant. Le jardin des —s; the botanical garden, zoölogical gardens. —s marines; marine plants. —s parasites; parasitical plants. —s à tuyau; culmiferous plants.

=planter=, v.a. and n., to plant, to set, to fix, to drive in; to set up, to erect, to lay out, to give the slip to, to leave in the lurch. — des oignons, des pois; to plant onions, peas. — des bornes; to set bounds. — le piquet en quelque lieu; to take up one’s quarters in any place. — là quelqu’un; to leave any one in the lurch, to give any one the slip. — au nez de; to cast in the teeth of; to tell point-blank. Maison bien plantée; house well seated, or in a pleasant, commanding position. Cheveux bien plantés; hair well set up.

se =planter=, v.r., to be planted; to place one’s self; to station one’s self; to settle.

=planteur=, n.m., planter.

=plantigrade=, n.m. and adj., plantigrade.

=plantoir=, n.m., dibble, planting-tool.

=planton=, n.m., (milit.) orderly. Être de —; to be on duty.

=plantule=, n.f., (bot.) plantule.

=plantureusement= (-reûz-mān), adv., (fam.) plentifully, copiously, abundantly, luxuriantly.

=plantureu-x=, =-se=, adj., plentiful, copious; abundant.

=planure=, n.f., shavings (of wood).

=plaque=, n.f., plate; slab; patch, veneer; badge, star. — de fonte; plate of cast iron. — de porte-faix; badge of a porter. — tournante; (railways) turning plate.

=plaqué=, n.m., plated metal, electro-plate.

=plaqué=, =-e=, part., plated.

=plaqueminier=, n.m., (bot.) ebony-tree.

=plaquer=, v.a., to plate; to lay on, to veneer. — du bois; to veneer wood. — des bijoux; to plate jewels.

=plaquette=, n.f., small thinly bound book; a small copper coin, small plate, board, slab.

=plaqueur=, n.m., veneerer; plater.

=plaquis=, n.m., incrustation.

=plasticité=, n.f., plasticity.

=plastique=, n.f. and adj., plastic art; plastic.

=plastron=, n.m., breast-plate; (fenc.) plastron; fencing-pad; drill-plate; laughing-stock, butt.

=plastronner=, v.a., to put a plastron on any one, to cover or protect with a breast-pad.

se =plastronner=, v.r., to put on a breast-pad, to plastron one’s self.

=plat=, n.m., dish; plate; collection-plate; (nav.) mess; sheet (of glass); flat side (of anything). — d’argent; silver dish. — de la main; back of the hand. — apprêté; made dish. — réchauffé; warmed-up dish. — à barbe; shaving dish. Camarade de —; messmate. — de l’équipage; (nav.) mess (for seven men). Servir un — de son métier; to give a specimen of one’s work. C’est un — de son métier; this is one of his tricks. —s de balance; scales of a balance. Des coups de — d’épée; strokes with the flat of a sword. Donner du — de la langue; to flatter, to coax, to wheedle; to talk blarney. Mettre les pieds dans le —; to put one’s foot in it. Mettre les petits —s dans les grands; to spare neither money nor trouble to receive a person.

=plat=, =-e=, adj., flat; dull, insipid, spiritless, pointless, low, shallow, empty; (of the hair) straight, lank; (of rhymes) consecutive. Un pays —; a flat country. Cheveux —s; straight hair. Elle a la physionomie —e; she has an unmeaning countenance. Vin —; flat wine. Cheval —; lank horse. Avoir le ventre —; to have an empty belly. Sa bourse est bien —e; his purse is very low. Son armée a été battue à —e couture; his army was utterly routed. Un pied —, un — pied; a worthless fellow. Un style —; a flat, spiritless, pointless style. C’est un — personnage; he is a dull fellow. À —; flat. À — ventre; flat on the ground, flat on one’s face.

=platane=, n.m., plane-tree, platane.

=plat-bord=, n.m., (—s-—s) (nav.) gunwale, gunnel, port-last. Lisses de —; drift-rails.

=plateau=, n.m., wooden scale; waiter, tray, tea-tray; upland, table-land. — à découper; butler’s tray. — de carafe; decanter-stand.

=plate-bande=, n.f., (—s-—s) (arch., hort.) plat-band; border plot, flower-bed. — de baie; lintel of a door or window.

=platée=, n.f., (arch.) massive foundation under the whole area of the building; dishful.

=plate-forme=, n.f., (—s-—s) platform. — de batterie; platform of a battery. — de fondation; (carp.) sleepers.

=plate-longe=, n.f., (—s-—s) kicking-strap; leading-rein.

=platement= (plat-mān), adv., flatly, dully, plainly, without spirit.

=plateur=, n.f., (jest., l.u.) flatness.

=platinage=, n.m., whitening (of copper).

=platine=, n.f., linen-dryer; (print.) platine; lock (of firearms); (tech.) plate. —s de montre; plates of a watch. — de serrure; plate of a lock.

=platine=, n.m., (metal.) platinum.

=platise=, n.f., (l.u.) dull, senseless writing or words, platitudes.

=platitude=, n.f., platitude, dullness; flatness.

=platonicien=, =-ne= (-si-in, -si-èn), n. and adj., Platonist; Platonic.

=platonique=, adj., Platonic.

=platonisme=, n.m., Platonism.

=plâtrage=, n.m., plaster-work, plastering; unsolid work.

=plâtras=, n.m., old plaster-work; rubbish; piece of dried mortar.

=plâtre=, n.m., plaster; (b.s.) paint (on the face). Enduire de —; to coat with plaster. — cuit; calcined plaster. Battre quelqu’un comme —; to beat any one to a jelly. Essuyer les —s; to live in a newly built house (therefore damp).

=plâtré=, =-e=, part., plastered. Visage —; painted face. Paix —e; patched-up peace.

=plâtrer=, v.a., to plaster; to patch up, to piece up; (agri.) to manure with plaster.

se =plâtrer=, v.r., (b.s.) to paint one’s self. Elle se plâtre; (b.s.) she paints her face; she makes up.

=plâtreu-x=, =-se=, adj., chalky.

=plâtrier=, n.m., plasterer.

=plâtrière=, n.f., chalk-pit, plaster-quarry.

=plausibilité=, n.f., plausibleness, plausibility.

=plausible=, adj., plausible.

=plausiblement=, adv., plausibly.

=plèbe=, n.f., common people.

=plébéien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), n. and adj., plebeian.

=plébiscite=, n.m., plebiscite.

=pléiade=, n.f., pléiades, n.f.pl., Pleiades (the seven stars).

=plein=, =-e=, adj., full, filled, replete; copious; solid (of doors); entire, whole, thorough, complete. Rivière —e de poissons; river well stocked with fish. Livre — d’érudition; book stored with learning. Homme — d’esprit; man full of wit. — comme un œuf; as full as an egg; (fam.) chock-full. —e lune; full moon. Une chienne —e; a bitch with young. —e récolte; plentiful crop. À —es voiles; all sails set. Arbre en — vent; tree in the open air. Être en —e mer; to be out at sea, in the open sea. En —e rue; in the middle of the street. En — jour; in broad daylight. En — midi; at high noon. En —e nuit; in the dead of night. En —e paix; in the midst of peace. En — classe; before the whole class. En — été; in the height of summer. En — hiver; in the heart of winter. Avoir le cœur —; to have one’s heart full. Donner à —e main, à —es mains; to give, to bestow, largely, freely. Porter —; (nav.) to keep the sails full. Battre son —; to be in full swing (of balls, parties); to be high (of the tide).

=plein=, n.m., full part; plenum. Dans le —; in the middle. À pur et à —; fully, to the full, entirely.

=plein=, adv., full. — les deux mains; both hands full. En —; fully, entirely; right in. A pur et à —; altogether, completely. Tout —; a great many, numbers, very many.

=pleinement=, adv., fully, entirely, to the full.

=plénière=, adj.f., plenary; full, complete. Indulgence —; plenary indulgence. Cour —; plenary court.

=plénipotentiaire=, n.m. and adj., plenipotentiary.

=plénitude=, n.f., plenitude, fullness.

=pléonasme=, n.m., pleonasm.

=pléonastique=, adj., pleonastic.

=plésiosaure=, n.m., (foss.) plesiosaur, plesiosaurus.

=plet=, n.m., (nav.) coil.

=pléthore=, n.f., plethora.

=pléthorique=, adj., plethoric.

=pleu-pleu= or =plui-plui=, n.m., (—) green woodpecker.

=pleur=, n.m., (poet.) lament. Un — éternel; a never-ending lament (V. Hugo). pl., tears.

=pleurant=, =-e=, adj., weeping, crying.

=pleurard=, n.m., puling, squalling child; blubberer.

=pleure=, n.f., (anat.). V. =plèvre=.

=pleure-misère=, n.m., (—) grumbler; curmudgeon.

=pleurer=, v.n., to cry, to weep over, to shed tears, to bewail, to mourn; to run (of the eyes). — comme un enfant; to cry like a child. — amèrement; to weep bitterly. — à chaudes larmes; to shed bitter tears. — de joie; to weep for joy. — à volonté; to cry at will. — sur quelqu’un; to weep over any one.

=pleurer=, v.a., to weep, to bewail; to lament; to mourn; to deplore the loss (of); to grudge.

=pleurésie=, n.f., pleurisy.

=pleurétique=, adj., pleuritic.

=pleureu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., weeper; mourner.

=pleureur=, n.m., (mam.) weeper, sapajou.

=pleureu-r=, =-se=, adj., weeping, crying, mournful, tearful. Saule —; weeping willow.

=pleureuses=, n.f.pl., weeping bands.

=pleureu-x=, =-se=, adj., weeping, crying.

=pleurnichement= (-nish-mān), n.m., whine, whining.

=pleurnicher=, v.n., to snivel, to whimper, to whine.

=pleurnicherie= (-ni-shrî), n.f., whining.

=pleurnicheu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., whimperer, sniveler.

=pleuronecte=, n.m., (ich.) pleuronectes.

=pleuropneumonie=, n.f., (med.) pleuro-pneumonia.

=pleurs=, n.m.pl., tears; crying, weeping; bleeding (of a vine). Verser, répandre, des —; to shed tears. Essuyer ses —; to dry one’s tears.

=pleutre=, n.m., coward; contemptible fellow.

=pleuvoir= (pleuvant, plu), v.imp., to rain. Il pleut à verse; it is pouring with rain. — à petites gouttes; to drizzle. — des hallebardes; to rain cats and dogs. L’argent y pleut; it rains riches there. — à seaux; to rain in torrents. Comme s’il en pleuvait; in quantities, a great quantity, in shoals, in torrents. Faire —; to shower down upon; to pour, send in or down.

=plèvre=, n.f., (anat.) pleura.

=plexus= (plèk-sus), n.m., (anat.) plexus.

=pleyon=, n.m., osier-tie.

=pli=, n.m., plait, fold, bend, wrinkle, rumple; tuck, coil; undulation, depression, wave; cover, letter, envelope, message, crease. Cet habit ne fait pas un —; that coat has not a wrinkle in it. Sous le même —; under the same cover. Fouiller dans tous les —s et replis, sonder tous les —s et replis, du cœur; to search into the innermost recesses of the heart. Un faux —; a crease (in stuffs). Il a pris son —; he has taken his bent, decided upon his course (of action). Avoir des —s au front; to have wrinkles on one’s forehead. Le — du bras; the bend of the arm. Un — de terrain; an undulation or depression of the ground. Cela ne fera pas un —; there will not be the slightest difficulty, all will go as on wheels. Prendre un mauvais —; to get into bad habits.

=pliable=, adj., pliable, pliant, bending, flexible, supple.

=pliage=, n.m., folding.

=pliant=, =-e=, adj., pliant, pliable, bending, flexible, supple. Siège —; a folding-stool.

=pliant=, n.m., folding-stool, fold-stool.

=plica=, n.m., (med.). V. =plique=.

=plicatile=, adj., (bot.) plicate, twining.

=pliciforme=, adj., in the form of a fold.

=plie=, n.f., (ich.) plaice.

=plié=, =-e=, part., folded.

=plié=, n.m., bend of the knee in dancing.

=pliement= (plî-mān), n.m., act of folding.

=plier=, v.a., to fold, to fold up; to bend; to bring under. — une lettre; to fold a letter. — du linge; to fold up linen. — les voiles; to furl the sails. — bagage; to decamp, to pack or make off. — son esprit aux volontés d’autrui; to bend one’s mind, to yield to the will of others.

se =plier=, v.r., to be folded, bent; to bow, to bend. Je ne saurais me — à cela; I cannot stoop to that.

=plier=, v.n., to bend; to yield; to give way. Faire — un arc; to bend a bow. Il vaut mieux — que rompre; better bend than break. — sous l’autorité de quelqu’un; to yield to any one’s authority. L’infanterie plia; the infantry gave way.

=plieu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., folder.

=plinthe=, n.f., (arch.) plinth.

=plioir=, n.m., folding-knife; paper-folder.

=plique=, n.f., (med.) plica.

=plissé=, n.m., kilting, plaits; wrinkling.

=plissement= (plis-mān), n.m., folding; plaiting, doubling over; undulation (of waves).

=plisser=, v.a., to plait; to kilt, to wrinkle.

se =plisser=, v.r., to form plaits; to be plaited, or wrinkled, to pucker.

=plissure=, n.f., plaiting.

=ploc=, n.m., (nav.) sheathing hair, cow-hair.

=ploiement=, n.m., folding.

=plomb= (plon), n.m., lead, shot; plumb-line, plummet; custom-house seal; sink. De —; (fig.) heavy; (of clouds or sky) gray, leaden, of a leaden hue. Menu —; small shot. — en saumon; pig-lead. Jeter son — sur quelque chose; to have an eye upon anything. Mine de —; black-lead pencil, lead. — dans la tête; (fig.) ballast. À —; perpendicularly, directly; vertically; right, or sheer, down. Sous les —s; under the leads. Tomber à —; to plumb; to fall vertically.

=plombage=, n.m., leading, lead work; plumbing.

=plombagine=, n.f., plumbago, black-lead.

=plombé=, -e, part., leaded; (fig.) of a leaden hue, leaden-colored; (of sticks) loaded. Dent —e; tooth that has been stopped. Il a le teint —; he has a livid complexion.

=plomber=, v.a., to lead; to load, to seal, to stop, to mark or stamp with lead; to stop (a tooth); to plumb. — le faîte d’un toit; to lead the ridge of a roof. — un mur; to plumb a wall. Se —; to assume a leaden hue.

=plomberie= (plon-brî), n.f., plumbery; lead-making; lead-manufactory; lead-works.

=plombeur=, n.m., (custom-house) stamper. Rouleau —; field roller.

=plombeu-x=, =-se=, adj., leady, leaden.

=plombier=, n.m., plumber.

=plombifère=, adj., plumbiferous.

=plongé=, =-e=, part., immersed; dipped (of candles); sunk (in despair); weltering (in blood). Chandelle —e; dip candle.

=plongeant=, =-e= (-jān, -t), adj., plunging. Vue —e; view from a height. Feu —; plunging fire (coming from above); raking fire.

=plongée=, n.f., (fort.) glacis, slope.

=plongement= (plonj-mān), n.m., plunging; dipping; dip; (the sea) pitching.

=plongeon= (-jon), n.m., (orni.) diver; loon; dive, diving. Faire le —; to dive; to duck; (fig.) to flinch; to back out of.

=plonger=, v.a., to plunge, to dip, to immerse; to throw, to involve. — quelqu’un dans la douleur; to plunge any one into grief.

se =plonger=, v.r., to be plunged.

=plonger=, v.n., to dive, to dip; to duck; to take a downward direction; to welter; to pitch (of ships).

=plongeur=, n.m., plunger, diver. Cloche de, or à, —; diving-bell.

=plongeur=, adj., (hydr.) plunging, diving.

=ploquer=, v.a., (nav.) to felt (a ship’s bottom); to sheath with hair.

=ployable=, adj., pliable, easy to bend; flexible.

=ployer=, v.a., to bend, to bow; to fold up.

se =ployer=, v.r., to be bent, to be folded; to bend, to give way.

=ployer=, v.n., to bend; to yield, to submit; to give way.

=pluche=. V. =peluche=.

=pluie=, n.f., rain; downpour; shower, abundance of. Un jour de —; a rainy day. Il tombe de la —; it is raining. Petite — abat grand vent; a little rain lays a great dust. Après la —, le beau temps; every cloud has its silver lining. — battante; pelting rain. Le temps est à la —; it looks like rain. Faire la — et le beau temps; to be absolute master, to rule the roost. Parler de la — et du beau temps; to talk of indifferent things. Une — de fleurs; flowers in abundance.

=plui-plui=, n.m. V. =pleu-pleu=.

=plumage=, n.m., plumage, feathers.

*=plumail=, n.m., feather-broom. V. =plumet= or =plumeau=.

=plumasseau=, n.m., quill (for harpsichords); feather (of arrows); (surg.) pledget; feather-broom, duster.

=plumasserie= (-ma-srî), n.f., feather-trade.

=plumassier=, n.m., feather-merchant (dresser, or seller).

=plume=, n.f., feather, plume, quill, pen. — d’acier; steel pen. Tailler une —; to mend, to cut a pen. Mettre la main à la —; to take pen in hand. Se laisser aller au courant de la —; to write off-hand. — de corbeau; crow-quill. La belle — fait le bel oiseau; fine feathers make fine birds. Il est au poil et à la —; he is fit for anything; fit as a fiddle. Il y a laissé de ses —s; he has been stripped of his feathers. Passer la — par le bec à quelqu’un; to baffle any one. La fente d’une —; the slit of a pen. Le bec d’une —; the nib of a pen. Une bonne —; a good penman. Jeter la — au vent; to allow chance to decide. Guerre de —; paper warfare. Une — à son chapeau; a feather in one’s cap.

=plumeau=, n.m., feather-broom, duster; pen-stand.

=plumée=, n.f., penful (of ink); plucking goose-feathers; plucking.

=plumer=, v.a., to pluck, to plume; to fleece. — une volaille; to pluck a fowl. — quelqu’un; to fleece any one; (in rowing) to feather. — la poule sans la faire crier; to fleece the sheep without making it bleat.

=plumet=, n.m., plume, ostrich feather; feather broom.

=plumetis= (plum-tî), n.m., feather-stitch.

=plumeu-x=, =-se=, adj., (bot.) plumous, feathery.

=plumipède=, n.m., plumiped.

=plumiste=, n.m., artist in feathers.

=plumitif=, n.m., (jur.) minute-book; (fam.) penman, clerk, scratch-paper.

=plum-pudding=, n.m. (—-—s). V. =pouding=.

=plumule=, n.f., (bot.) plumule.

=plupart=, n.f., most, most part, the greatest part; generality, majority (of); most people. La — du monde prétend; most people say. La — de ses amis l’abandonnèrent; most of his friends forsook him. La — écrivent; most people write. Pour la —; mostly. Les hommes sont pour la — intéressés; the generality of men are selfish. La — du temps; generally, mostly, in most cases.

=pluralité=, n.f., plurality.

=pluriel=, =-le=, adj., (gram.) plural.

=pluriel=, n.m., (gram.) plural.

=plus=, adv., more, over, most; also, moreover; further; besides; item; plus; no more, not any more, no longer, not again; never again. — savant que lui; more learned than he. Il a — d’argent que moi; he has more money than I. Il m’en coûte — qu’a vous; it costs me more than it does you (to have to say it, etc.). Il a — de vingt ans; he is more than twenty. Nous sommes — qu’à moitié persuadés; we are more than half convinced. Je n’y retournerai —; I will go there no more. — je la vois, — je la hais; the more I see her, the more I hate her. — loin; further. — près, de — près; nearer. — de larmes; no more tears. N’avoir — rien; to have nothing left. Il y a —; what is more. Il y en a tant et —; there is enough and to spare. Au —, tout au —; at most, at the most. Il a tout au — trente ans; he is thirty at most. De —; besides, moreover, again, furthermore, nay. De —, il faut remarquer; we must observe besides. D’autant —; the more so. De — en —; more and more. Il s’enrichit de — en —; he grows richer and richer every day. Ni — ni moins; neither more nor less. Vous avez beau dire, il n’en sera ni — ni moins; you may talk as much as you please, it will be so. — ou moins; more or less, thereabout. Qui —, qui moins; some more, some less. Sans — différer; without further delay. Sans — de façon; without any more ado. — tard, — loin, — près; later, farther, nearer. Qui — est; what is more. N’être —; to be no more. Deux fois —; twice as much. Deux fois de —; twice more. Je n’ai — qu’à; it only remains for me to.

=plus=, n.m., more; most. Le — que je puisse faire; the most I can do.

=plusieurs=, pron. and adj., m.f.pl., several, some.

=plus-pétition=, n.f., (n.p.) (jur.) exorbitant demand.

=plus-que-parfait= (plus-kĕ-par-fè), n.m. (n.p.), (gram.) pluperfect tense.

=plus-value=, n.f., (—-—s) (fin.) superior value.

=plutocratie=, n.f., plutocracy.

=plutonique=, adj., (geol.) plutonic.

=plutôt=, adv., rather, sooner, in preference to. — mourir que faire une lâcheté; rather die than do a dishonorable thing. Voyez —; look, or see, for yourself!

=pluvial=, n.m., (c.rel.) pluvial.

=pluvial=, adj., of rain, rainy. Eau —e; rainwater.

=pluvier=, n.m., plover.

=pluvieu-x=, =-se=, adj., rainy, showery, wet. Un jour —; a rainy day.

=pluviomètre=, n.m., pluviometer, rain-gauge, udometer.

=pluviôse=, n.m., Pluviose, fifth month of the calendar of the first French republic, from January 20th to February 18th or 19th.

=pneumatique=, n.f. and adj., pneumatics; pneumatic. Machine —; air-pump.

=pneumatocèle=, n.f., (med.) pneumatocele.

=pneumatologie=, n.f., pneumatology.

=pneumatose=, n.f., (med.) pneumatosis.

=pneumonie=, n.f., pneumonia.

=pneumonique=, n.m.f. and adj., (med.) pneumonic.

=pochade=, n.f., (paint.) rough sketch; (pop.) set to, mauling.

=poche=, n.f., pocket; pouch; sack; bag; rabbit-net; purse-net; small fiddle; crop (of a bird); sack (of an abscess, etc.); (needlework) pucker; wrinkle (in clothes); kit (of a violin). Fouiller dans ses —s; to search one’s pockets. Un mouchoir de —; a pocket handkerchief. Mettre en —; to pocket. Jouer de la —; to come down with the money. Acheter chat en —; to buy a pig in a poke. Argent de —; pocket-money. Connaître comme sa —; to know perfectly.

=poché=, =-e=, part., blotted (of writing); poached (of eggs); black (of the eyes). Des œufs —s; poached eggs. Avoir les yeux —s au beurre noir; to have one’s eyes black and blue.

=pocher=, v.a., to poach; to bruise. — les yeux à quelqu’un; to give any one a pair of black eyes. Se faire — les yeux; to get one’s eyes blacked.

=pochet=, n.m., nose-bag.

=pocheter= (posh-té), v.a., to keep in one’s pocket.

=pocheter=, v.n., to be kept in one’s pocket.

=pochette=, n.f., ☉pocket; net (for rabbits); small fiddle, kit.

=podagraire=, n.f., (bot.) goatweed, goutwort.

=podagre=, n.f., podagra, gout in the feet.

=podagre=, n.m.f. and adj., gouty person; afflicted with the gout, gouty, podagrical.

=podestat=, n.m., podesta (magistrate in Italy).

=podosperme=, n.m., (bot.) funiculus.

=poêle=, n.f., frying-pan. Tomber de la — dans le feu; to jump out of the frying-pan into the fire.

=poêle= or =poile=, n.m., stove.

=poêle=, n.m., pall (at a funeral); (c.rel.) canopy.

=poêlée=, n.f., panful.

=poêlette=, n.f., small pan.

=poêlier=, n.m., stove-maker.

=poêlon=, n.m., saucepan (small).

=poêlonnée=, n.f., saucepanful.

=poème=, n.m., poem.

=poésie=, n.f., poetry; poesy.

=poète=, n.m., poet; poetess. Méchant —; wretched poet, poetaster. — lauréat; poet laureate. Elle est —; she is a poetess.

=poétereau= (po-é-trô), n.m., poetaster; rhymester.

=poétesse=, n.f., (l.u.) poetess.

=poétique=, n.f. and adj., poetics; poetical.

=poétiquement= (-tik-mān), adv., poetically.

=poétiser=, v.n., ☉to versify, to poetize; to make poetical.

=poids= (poâ), n.m., weight; heaviness; gravity; burden, load; moment, importance, consequence, consideration. Le — d’un fardeau; the weight of a burden. Cela est de —; that is full weight. Un — de dix livres; a ten-pound weight. Avoir du —; to weigh; (fig.) to be influential, to have influence. Faire bon —; to give good weight. Vendre une chose au — de l’or; to sell a thing extremely dear. Le — des affaires; the burden of affairs.

*=poignant=, =-e=, adj., poignant; acute, keen; stinging; painful, sad.

*=poignard=, n.m., poniard, dagger. Coup de —; stab. Ce fut un coup de — pour elle; she was cut to the quick by it, it was a crushing blow for her.

*=poignarder=, v.a., to poniard, to stab, to wound, to grieve to the heart; to kill.

se =poignarder=, v.r., to stab one’s self.

=poigne=, n.f., (pop.) grasp, gripe, clutch; (fig.) strength, vigor.

*=poignée=, n.f., handful; handle; hilt (of swords); bunch (of keys); shake (of the hand). À —s; by handfuls. Jeter de l’argent à —; to throw money about like shells. Prendre à —; to grasp tightly.

*=poignet=, n.m., wrist; wrist-band (of linen); cuff (of a gown).

=poil=, n.m., hair (of animals); hair (of persons other than that of the head); wool (of some animals); beard; nap (of cloth, of hats); color (of horses); (bot.) bristle, wool; (fig.) boldness, courage, resolution. — de chèvre; goat’s hair, mohair. — follet; down; soft hair. — de drap; nap of cloth. Monter un cheval à —; to ride a horse bareback. Il y a laissé de son —; he was pretty well fleeced there. Être au — et à la plume; to be fit for anything. Faire le — à un cheval; to trim a horse; (fig.) to outdo, to cut out. De quel — est ce cheval? what is the color of that horse? — bai; bay. Reprendre du — à la bête; to be at it again; to begin again. Chercher du — aux œufs; to split hairs.

=poile=, n.m. V. =poêle=.

=poilu=, =-e=, adj., hairy, shaggy; (bot.) bristly, pilose.

*=poincillade=, n.f., (bot.) (Barbadoes) flower-fence.

=poinçon=, n.m., punch, puncheon; bodkin; stiletto, awl, pointer; stamp, die; puncheon (cask); (carp.) king-post; stamp (of coins).

=poinçonnage=, n.m., stamping.

=poinçonner=, v.a., to stamp.

=poinçonneu-r=, =-se=, n.m., stamper, puncher. n.f., stamping machine.

=poindre=, v.n., to peep, to dawn, to break; to appear, to begin. Le jour commençait à —; day was beginning to break. Le poil commence à lui — au menton; his beard is beginning to grow.

=poindre=, v.a., (l.u.) to sting. Oignez vilain, il vous poindra, poignez vilain, il vous oindra; save a thief from the gallows and he will cut your throat. Quel taon vous point? why, what’s the matter with you? (lit., what gnat has stung you).

=poing=, n.m., fist, hand. Coup de —; punch, cuff. Se battre à coups de —; to fight with fisticuffs. Fermer le —; to clinch, clench one’s fist. À — fermé; with clinched, clenched fist. Faire le coup de — avec quelqu’un; to have a set-to with any one. Il sait faire le coup de —; he knows how to box. Pieds et —s liés; bound hand and foot.

=point=, adv., no, not; not at all; none (more emphatic than =pas=). Je ne l’ai — vu; I have not seen him. Il n’a — d’argent; he has no money at all. — du tout; not at all. — d’amitié sans vertu; there can be no friendship without virtue.

=point=, n.m., point; dot, mark; full stop; period; speck; hole (of a strap, etc.); break (of day); (needlework) stitch; moment, difficulty, state, case, terms; place, quarter; (nav.) tack (of the sheets). — de côté; pain in the side, stitch. Un —; full stop. — d’interrogation; note of interrogation. — d’admiration, — d’exclamation; note of exclamation. Lettre de deux —s; (print.) two-line letter. Il ne met jamais de — sur les i; he never dots his i’s. Mettre les —s sur les i; to dot one’s i’s; to be very punctilious, to mind one’s P’s and Q’s. — d’orgue; (mus.) pause. — d’appui; fulcrum. — d’Angleterre; Brussels point (lace). Faire venir quelqu’un à son —; to bring any one over to one’s views. Il fut sur le — d’être tué; he was very near being killed. À —; in the nick of time. À — nommé; at the appointed time. Tout vient à — à qui sait attendre; patience and time bring everything to pass, or all comes to him who knows how to wait. Un — fait à temps en sauve mille; a stitch in time saves nine. L’affaire est réduite à ce —; the matter has come to this point or pitch. Au plus haut —; to the highest pitch. Au dernier —; in the highest degree. C’est un — arrêté; it is a thing agreed upon. Avoir un — de côté; to have a stitch in one’s side. Faire un — à; (needlework) to put a stitch in. — de vue; point of view, prospect; (fig.) light, sight, opinion. — du vent; (nav.) tack. — d’honneur; point of honor. De tout —; in every respect, entirely. De — en —; exactly, in particular, in detail. —s cardinaux; cardinal points. — du compas; point of the compass. Rendre des — à; to be more than a match for, to give odds (at a game). Faute d’un —; for a trifle. La viande est cuite à —; the meat is done to a turn.

=pointage=, n.m., (artil., nav.) pointing, leveling.

=pointal=, n.m., (carp.) prop, girder.

=pointe=, n.f., point (sharp end); (print.) bodkin; pungency, tartness, sharpness; witticism; tack, tin-tack (nail, rivet, French nail); etching-needle; head (of an arrow, of a lance); (fenc.) small sword; (agri., geog.) point. La — d’une épée; the point of a sword. — d’une plume; nib of a pen. La — du jour; the break, the dawn, of day. Marcher sur la — du pied; to walk on tiptoe. Tourner la — du pied en dehors; to turn one’s toes out. Tailler en —; to cut point-wise. Se terminer en —; to end in a point. Faire une —; (milit.) to deviate from the line; (fig.) to turn aside. Pousser sa —; to pursue one’s point, to persist (in); to go on (with). Avoir une — de vin; to be slightly excited, flustered. — d’une épigramme; point of an epigram. Faire la —; (man.) to rear. — de terre; foreland.

=pointé=, =-e=, adj., pointed.

=pointement= (point-mān), n.m., (artil.) pointing, leveling.

=pointer=, v.a., to pierce, to stick; to stab; to prick, to mark; to point; to dot; to sharpen; (print.) to register. — la carte; (nav.) to point the chart. — un canon; to point a cannon.

=pointer=, v.n., to point, to dot; to spring up, to soar, to fly high; to keep, to appear, to come out; (man.) to rear.

=pointeur=, n.m., pointer, marker, checker; (artil.) artillery-man (who points the gun).

*=pointillage=, n.m., (engr.) dotting, stippling.

*=pointillé=, n.m., (engr.) dotting, stippling.

*=pointille=, n.f., trifle, trifling point; bickering, cavil (about a trifling subject).

*=pointiller=, v.n., to dot, to stipple; to cavil, to carp at.

=pointiller=, v.a., to nettle, to tease.

*=pointillerie=, n.f., bickering, caviling, hair-splitting.

*=pointilleu-x=, =-se=, adj., caviling, particular, punctilious, captious. Un critique —; a carping critic.

=pointu=, =-e=, adj., pointed, sharp, sharp-pointed, peaked. Chapeau —; sugar-loaf hat.

=pointure=, n.f., (print.) point; (of shoes) size.

=poire=, n.f., (bot.) pear; weight (of a steel-yard). — d’angoisse; choke-pear. Entre la — et le fromage; at dessert. — à poudre; powder-horn, powder-flask. Garder une — pour la soif; to lay up something for a rainy day. —s secrètes; pear-bit (of a bridle). — de Messire Jean; a kind of very sweet pear.

=poiré=, n.m., perry.

=poireau= or =porreau=, n.m., (bot.) leek; (vet.) wart.

=poirée=, n.f., (bot.) white beet.

=poirier=, n.m., pear-tree.

=pois=, n.m., (bot.) pea, peas, pease. Cosse de —; pea-cod. — ramés; branch peas. — carrés; marrow-fats. — chiches; chick-peas; dwarf pea. — cassés; split peas. — verts or petits —; green peas. Il donne un — pour avoir une fève; he gives a sprat to catch a herring.

=poison=, n.m., poison, venom.

=poissard=, =-e=, adj., vulgar, low. Style —; Billingsgate style.

=poissarde=, n.f., fishwoman, fish-fag; low or vulgar woman.

=poisser=, v.a., to pitch, to do over with pitch; to make sticky.

=poisseu-x=, =-se=, adj., pitchy, gluey, sticky.

=poisson=, n.m., fish; half a gill. pl., (astron.) Pisces. — de mer, de rivière; sea-fish, river-fish. Colle de —; isinglass. — d’avril; April fool. — rouge; gold-fish. — juif; hammer-fish. Donner un — d’avril à quelqu’un; to make an April fool of any one. Être comme un — sur la paille; to be like a fish out of water.

*=poissonnaille=, n.f., small fish or fry.

=poissonnerie= (-so-n-rî), n.f., fish-market.

=poissonneu-x=, =-se=, adj., abounding in fish, full of fish.

=poissonnier=, n.m., fishmonger, fish-salesman.

=poissonnière=, n.f., fishmonger (woman); fish-kettle.

=poitrail=, n.m., breast (of a horse); breast-piece (of harness); (arch.) breast-summer.

=poitrinaire=, n.m.f. and adj., consumptive.

=poitrine=, n.f., chest, breast, lungs; brisket. Maladie de —; consumption. Une fluxion de —; inflammation of the lungs. Il a bonne —; he has good lungs.

=poivrade=, n.f., pepper sauce.

=poivre=, n.m., pepper. — en grains; whole pepper. — de la Jamaïque; all-spice, Jamaica-pepper. — et sel; (of the beard) grizzly.

=poivrer=, v.a., to pepper, to put pepper in; (of a bill) to lay it on, to fleece.

=poivrier=, n.m., pepper-plant; pepper-box.

=poivrière=, n.f., spice-box; pepper-box; (fort.) sentry-box.

=poix=, n.f., pitch; shoemakers’ wax. Cela tient comme —; that sticks like pitch.

=polacre= or =polaque=, n.f., (nav.) polacca, polacre.

☉=polacre= or =polaque=, n.m., Polack (Polish).

=polaire=, adj., polar. Etoile —; polar star.

=polarisation=, n.f., polarization.

=polariser=, v.a., to polarize.

=polarité=, n.f., (phys.) polarity.

=polatouche=, n.m., flying-squirrel.

=polder= (pol-dèr), n.m., polder (tract of low land reclaimed from the sea by means of high embankments, in Holland and Belgium).

=pôle=, n.m., (astron., geog.) pole. — arctique; arctic pole. — antarctique; antarctic pole. —s de l’aimant; magnetic poles.

=polémarque=, n.m., (antiq.) polemarch.

=polémique=, n.f. and adj., polemics, controversy, disputation; polemic, polemical.

=polémoscope=, n.m., polemoscope.

=polenta=, n.f., (n.p.) a sort of pap.

=poli=, =-e=, adj., polished, bright, glossy, smooth; polite, civil; refined.

=poli=, n.m., polish, finish, gloss.

=police=, n.f., police; police-regulations; (fig.) polity, government; (print.) font; policy (of insurance). Commissaire de —; commissary or inspecter of police. Espion de —; police-spy. Être mandé à la police; to be sent for to the police-office. Faire la — d’une salle; to keep order in a hall. Faire la — des rues; to keep the streets clear. Salle de —; (milit.) guard-room. Bonnet de —; foraging-cap. Tribunal de —; police-court.

=policement=, n.m., civilizing.

=policer=, v.a., to establish a regular government; to civilize, to polish, to refine.

=polichinelle=, n.m., punch, buffoon; merry-andrew.

=poli-couteaux=, n.m., knife-cleaner.

=poliment=, adv., politely.

=polir=, v.a., to polish, to polish up, to brighten, to burnish; to make polite, to civilize, to refine. — un discours; to polish a discourse. — une langue; to polish a language.

se =polir=, v.r., to polish (of a thing); to become refined (of people).

=polissage=, n.m., polishing, finishing.

=polisseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., polisher.

=polissoir=, n.m., polisher (tool).

=polissoire=, n.f., shining-brush.

=polisson=, n.m., blackguard; low fellow, ragamuffin; scamp; mischievous child.

=polisson=, =-ne=, adj., mischievous, idle, blackguard; rude.

=polissonne=, n.f., gadabout (girl who runs about the streets).

=polissonner=, v.n., to play the blackguard, to crack broad jokes; (of children) to run about the streets.

=polissonnerie= (-so-n-rî), n.f., blackguardism, blackguard trick, broad, smutty joke.

=polissure=, n.f., polishing.

=politesse=, n.f., politeness, civility, good breeding, polite thing, kindness, attention, compliment. Faire une —; to do a polite thing. Ce serait une — de votre part de; it would be kind of you to.

=politicien=, n.m., politician.

=politique=, adj., political, politic, prudent, wise.

=politique=, n.m., politician, statesman. C’est un rusé —; he is a crafty politician.

=politique=, n.f., policy; politics, statecraft; prudence. Etudier la —; to study politics. Parler —; to talk politics. — extérieure; foreign politics; foreign policy.

=politiquement= (-tik-mān), adv., politically, (fig.) shrewdly.

=politiquer=, v.n., (fam.) to talk politics, to meddle with politics.

=polka=, n.f., polka.

=polker=, v.n., to dance the polka.

=poll=, n.m., (n.p.) (pol.) poll.

=pollen= (pol-lè-n), n.m., (bot.) pollen.

=pollicitation= (pol-li-), n.f., (jur.) pollicitation.

=pollué=, =-e= (pol-lué), adj., polluted, defiled.

=polluer= (pol-lué), v.a., to pollute, to defile, to profane.

se =polluer=, v.r., to pollute one’s self.

=pollution=, (pol-lu-), n.f., pollution, profanation.

=polonais=, =-e=, adj., Polish.

=polonais=, n.m., Pole; Polonese, Polish (language).

=polonaise=, n.f., polonaise (dress, dance, tune).

=poltron=, =-ne=, n. and adj., coward, poltroon, skulker; cowardly, dastardly, chicken-hearted.

=poltronnerie= (-tro-n-rî), n.f., cowardice, poltroonery, cowardly action.

=poly-=, a prefix from Gr. πολύς.

=polyacoustique=, adj., polyacoustic.

=polyadelphie=, n.f., polyadelphia.

=polyandrie=, n.f., (bot.) polyandria.

=polyarchie=, n.f., polyarchy.

=polychreste=, adj., (pharm.) polycrest.

=polychrome=, adj., (tech.) of many colors.

=polyèdre=, n.m., (geom.) polyhedron.

=polygala= or =polygale=, n.m., (bot.) polygala, milkwort.

=polygame=, n.m.f. and adj., polygamist; polygamous.

=polygamie=, n.f., polygamy; (bot.) polygamia.

=polygarchie=, n.f. V. =polyarchie=.

=polyglotte=, n.m.f. and adj., polyglot.

=polygone=, n.m. and adj., (fort., geom.) polygon; ordnance-yard, practice-ground; polygonal.

=polygraphe=, n.m., polygraph (instrument for multiplying copies of a writing); manifold writer.

=polygraphie=, n.f., polygraphy.

=polygynie=, n.f., polygynia.

=polymathie=, n.f., polymathy (knowledge of many arts and sciences).

=polymathique=, adj., polymathic.

=polymorphe=, adj., polymorphous.

=polymorphisme=, n.m., polymorphy.

=polynôme=, n.m., (alg.) polynome, polynomial.

=polype=, n.m., polyp, polypus. — du nez; polypus (in the nose).

=polypétale=, adj., (bot.) polypetalous.

=polypeu-x=, =-se=, adj., (med.) polypous.

=polyphone=, adj., polyphonic.

=polyphylle=, adj., polyphyllous.

=polypier=, n.m., polypier, coral.

=polypode=, n.m., (bot.) polypody.

=polyptique=, n.m., (feudality) register of rents, taxes.

=polyscope=, n.m., polyscope.

=polyspaste=, n.m., polyspast.

=polysperme=, adj., polyspermous.

=polystyle=, adj., (arch.) polystyle.

=polysyllabe=, n.m. and adj., polysyllable; polysyllabic, polysyllabical.

=polysyllabique=, adj., polysyllabic, polysyllabical.

=polytechnicien=, n.m., cadet of the Paris Polytechnic School.

=polytechnique= (-tèk-nik), adj., polytechnic. Ecole —; Polytechnic School (French national military and civil-service academy).

=polythéisme=, n.m., polytheism.

=polythéiste=, n.m. and adj., polytheist; polytheistic, polytheistical.

=polytric=, n.m., (bot.) golden maiden-hair, hair-moss.

=pomifère=, adj., pomiferous.

=pommade=, n.f., pomatum (for the hair); lip-salve; (man.) vault, vaulting.

=pommader=, v.a., to pomade.

=pomme=, n.f., apple; ball, knob; head (of a cabbage, of a lettuce, of a walking-stick). — sauvage; crab, crab-apple. — d’Adam; Adam’s apple. — de discorde; apple of discord, bone of contention. — d’amour; tomato. — de terre; potato. — de chêne; oak-apple. — de coloquinte; bitter-apple. — de pin; pineapple; fir-apple. — de choux, de laitue; head of a cabbage, of a lettuce. — de canne; head or handle of a cane. — de lit; ball at the top of a bed-post. —s de pavillon; (nav.) trucks of the ensign-staff. —s de girouette; (nav.) acorns of the vanes.

☉=pommé=, n.m., cider.

=pommé=, =-e=, part., grown to a round head, cabbaged; (fig., fam.) complete, downright. Laitue —e; cabbage-lettuce. Un fou —; a downright fool. Une sottise —e; an egregious blunder.

=pommeau=, n.m., pummel (of saddles, swords).

=pommelé=, =-e=, adj., dappled, mottled; cloudy (with dappled clouds). Cheval gris-—; dapple-gray horse.

se =pommeler= (po-m-lé), v.r., to become dappled. Le ciel s’est pommelé; the sky has become dappled.

=pommelle=, n.f., roller-bolt (of carriages); grating (of pipes); drain-pipe; strainer.

=pommer=, v.n., (hort.) to cabbage, to grow to a round head.

=pommeraie= (po-mrê), n.f., apple-orchard.

=pommette=, n.f., pommel, knob, ball; cheek-bone.

=pommier=, n.m., apple-tree; apple-roaster.

=pomoyer=, v.n., (nav.) to underrun (cables).

=pompe=, n.f., pomp; splendor; ceremony, state; dignity, majesty. Marcher en grande —; to march in great state. — funèbre; funeral pomp. — du style; loftiness of style. Entrepreneur de —s funèbres; undertaker.

=pompe=, n.f., pump. Piston d’une —; plug, sucker, of a pump. — à feu; steam-pump. — aspirante; suction-pump. — à incendie; fire-engine. — à vapeur; steam-pump or engine. — d’arrosement; watering-engine, garden engine. —s funèbres; funerals, burials. La — est haute; the pump sucks. La — se décharge; the pump has lost water. — à bière; beer-engine. À la —; on draught. À la —! (nav.) pump ship, ho!

=pomper=, v.n., to pump.

=pomper=, v.a., to pump, to suck up. — l’humidité; to suck up the moisture.

=pompeusement= (-peûz-mān), adv., pompously, with great pomp.

=pompeu-x=, =-se=, adj., pompous, stately, lofty. Style, discours —; lofty style, speech.

=pompier=, n.m., fireman; pump-maker.

=pompon=, n.m., top-knot (of horses); ear-knot; (milit.) tuft.

=pomponné=, =-e=, part., decked out, tricked out.

=pomponner=, v.a., (fam.) to ornament, to deck out, to dress. — son style; to trick out one’s style.

se =pomponner=, v.r., (fam.) to dress one’s self up.

☉=ponant=, n.m., west; western ocean (in contradistinction to the Mediterranean).

=ponçage=, n.m., pumicing; pouncing.

=ponce=, n.f., Pontius; pumice; (drawing) pounce. Pierre —; pumice-stone.

=ponceau=, n.m., (bot.) corn-poppy; culvert; archway; one-arched bridge; red color, poppy-color, flame-color.

=ponceau=, adj., poppy-colored.

=poncer=, v.a., to pumice; (drawing) to pounce. — de la vaisselle; to rub plate with pumice-stone.

=ponceu-x=, =-se=, adj., pumiceous.

=poncif=, n.m. V. =poncis=.

=poncire=, n.m., poncire lemon.

=poncis=, n.m., (drawing, engr.) pounced drawing.

=ponction=, n.f., (surg.) puncture, tapping.

=ponctionner=, v.a., (med.) to tap, to puncture.

=ponctualité=, n.f., punctuality.

=ponctuation=, n.f., punctuation; vowel-pointing.

=ponctué=, =-e=, part., punctuated, dotted. Plante —e; dotted plant. Ligne —e; dotted line.

=ponctuel=, =-le=, adj., punctual, exact.

=ponctuellement= (-èl-mān), adv., punctually, exactly.

=ponctuer=, v.a., to punctuate, to point.

=pondage=, n.m., poundage (duty per pound).

=pondérabilité=, n.f., ponderability.

=pondérable=, adj., ponderable.

=pondération=, n.f., (phys.) ponderation; poising, balancing.

=pondérer=, v.a., to poise, to balance.

=pondeuse=, n.f., layer; laying (of hens).

=pondre=, v.a., to lay eggs.

=poney=, n.m., pony.

=pongo=, n.m., (mam.) pongo, black orang.

=pont=, n.m., bridge; deck (of a ship); flap (of trousers). —-levis, (—s-—) drawbridge. — tournant; swing-bridge. — dormant; fixed bridge. — suspendu; suspension-bridge. — tube; tubular bridge. — à bascule; weigh-bridge. Faire un — d’or à quelqu’un; to make great pecuniary concessions to any one. — aux ânes; asses’ bridge (the 47th proposition in France, instead of the 5th in America). La foire n’est pas sur le —; (prov.) there is no need to be in such a hurry. Les —s et chaussées; department of roads and bridges. — volant; (nav.) hanging stage. Premier —; lower deck. Second —; upper deck of a two-decker. Troisième —; upper deck of a three-decker. Faux —; spar-deck. — arqué; cambered deck. — coupé; half-deck. Entre —; orlop deck, between decks. Equipage de —; pontoon train. Se porter comme le Pont Neuf; to be in splendid health; to be as fit as a fiddle. C’est vieux comme le Pont Neuf; it is as old as the hills or Queen Anne is dead.

=pont-aqueduc=, n.m., (—s-—s) aqueduct-bridge.

=ponte=, n.f., laying of eggs.

=ponte=, n.m., punter (cards); (ombre) ponto, the ace of hearts or diamonds.

=ponté=, =-e=, adj., decked (of a ship).

=ponter=, v.n., (play) to punt.

=pontet=, n.m., trigger-guard; saddle-tree.

=pontife=, n.m., pontiff. Le souverain —; the sovereign pontiff, the pope.

=pontifical=, n.m., pontifical.

=pontifical=, =-e=, adj., pontifical.

=pontificalement= (-kal-mān), adv., pontifically.

=pontificat=, n.m., pontificate.

=pontin=, adj., Pontine. Les marais —s; the Pontine marshes (between Rome and Naples).

=pont-levis=, n.m., (—s-—) drawbridge; flap (of trousers); (man.) pontlevis.

=pont-neuf=, n.m., (—s-—s) street-ballad, popular song.

=ponton=, n.m., pontoon, bridge of boats; hulk; convict-ship.

=pontonage=, n.m., bridge-toll; hire of a ferry-boat; pontage.

=pontonnier=, n.m., toll-collector; (milit.) pontonier.

=pontuseau=, n.m., water-line (in paper).

=pope=, n.m., pope (priest of the Greek church).

=popeline=, n.f., poplin.

=poplité=, =-e=, adj., (anat.) popliteal.

=populace=, n.f., populace, mob, rabble.

=populaci-er=, =-ère=, adj., low, vulgar.

=populaire=, adj., popular, vulgar. n.m., populace, rabble.

=populairement= (-lèr-mān), adv., popularly.

=populariser=, v.a., to popularize, to make popular.

se =populariser=, v.r., to make one’s self popular.

=popularité=, n.f., popularity.

=population=, n.f., population.

=populeu-x=, =-se=, adj., populous.

=populo=, n.m., (—s) (jest.) plump little boy, chubby-cheeks.

=poracé=, =-e=, adj., (med.) porraceous.

=porc= (pork), n.m., hog, pig, pork; porker; swine. — marin; porpoise. Soie de —; hog’s bristles. Gardeur de —s; swine-herd. — frais; pork. Côtelette de —; pork-chop. [The final c of porc is silent before words beginning with a consonant.]

=porcelaine=, n.f., porcelain, china, chinaware; china vase or vases. Terre à —; china-clay.

=porcelainier=, n.m., workman in a porcelain manufactory, china manufacturer.

=porcelet=, n.m., young pig; porket; (insect) wood-louse.

=porc-épic= (por-ké-pik), n.m., (—s-—s) porcupine.

=porchaison=, n.f., wild-boar season.

=porche=, n.m., porch, portal.

=porch-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., swineherd.

=porcherie=, n.f., pig-sty, piggery.

=porcine=, adj.f., porcine.

=pore=, n.m., pore.

=poreu-x=, =-se=, adj., having pores, porous.

=porisme=, n.m., (geom.) porism; (antiq.) corollary.

=porosité=, n.f., porosity.

=porphyre=, n.m., (min.) porphyry; (pharm.) slab (for grinding).

=porphyrisation=, n.f., grinding (with a muller), pulverization.

=porphyriser=, v.a., to grind; to porphyrize; to pound, to powder, to pulverize.

=porque=, n.f., sow; (nav.) rider. — de fond; floor-riders. Allonges de —; futtock-riders. Aiguillettes de —; upper futtock-riders.

=porracé=, =-e=, adj. V. =poracé=.

=porreau=, n.m. V. =poireau=.

=porrection=, n.f., (c.rel.) presentation of the instruments.

=porrigo=, n.m., (med.) porrigo, ring-worm.

=port=, n.m., port, haven, harbor, sea-port town; wharf, quay; postage, carriage (of parcels); aspect; presence, bearing, gait, portliness; (nav.) burden; (mus.) grace note, portamento. — de mer; sea-port. — de toutes marées; deep-water harbor. — à marée; tidal harbor. — marchand; commercial harbor. — de guerre; naval harbor or station. Franc de —; prepaid, carriage paid. Prendre —, surgir au —; to come into harbor, to land; to attain one’s end, to come to an anchor. Arriver à bon —; to come safe into harbor; to arrive safely; (fig.) to end happily. Faire naufrage au —; to be wrecked in port. — de lettre; postage. — payé; post-paid. Permis de — d’armes; license to carry arms. — d’armes; gun-license. — de voix; (voc. mus.) portamento-voice. Elle a un — de reine; her walk is that of a queen. Le — d’une plante; (bot.) the aspect of a plant. — permis; (nav.) weight of luggage (free on board ship to officers, sailors, and passengers). Conduire, or mener, à bon —; (fig.) to bring to a successful issue.

=portable=, adj., that can be worn, wearable; portable, payable (at).

=portage=, n.m., portage (at water-falls in America); conveyance, porterage. V. port permis (nav.), under =port=. Faire —; to carry a boat overland (at waterfalls).

*=portail=, n.m., front gate, west-door (of a church); door-way, portal.

=portant=, =-e=, adj., bearing, carrying. L’un — l’autre; one with another, one carrying the other. Il est bien —; he is in good health. Tirer sur quelqu’un à bout —; to shoot at any one quite close, or point-blank.

=portati-f=, =-ve=, adj., portable.

=porte=, adj., (anat.) portal. Veine —; portal vein.

=porte=, n.f., gate, gateway, door-way, door; door-step, threshold; eye (for hooks); defile (of mountains); the Sublime Porte. Les —s d’une ville; the gates of a town. —s d’enfilade; suite of doors. — d’entrée; entrance door, street door, front door. — de sortie; exit door, side door, back door. — à —; next door to each other. — cochère; courtyard-gate. — à deux battants; folding-doors. — battante; baize-door. — vitrée; glass door. —-croisée, (—s-—s) terrace, or garden, glass door. Mettre quelqu’un à la —; to turn any one out of doors. Fermer la — au nez de quelqu’un; to shut the door in any one’s face. — de derrière; back door; (fig.) shift. Prendre la —; to take to the door. Refuser la —; to refuse admittance. À —s ouvrantes; at the opening of the gates. À — close; with closed doors. —s d’un bassin; gates of a dock. La — ottomane; the Ottoman, the Sublime Porte. Faire défendre sa — à; not to be at home to.

=porté=, =-e=, part., carried, inclined, prone, disposed; (of shadows) projected. Il est — par la loi que; the law provides that. Il est — à médire; he is prone to backbiting.

=porté=, n.m., wear; appearance, style, look.

=porte-affiches=, n.m., advertising board; (man) sandwich-man.

*=porte-aiguille=, n.m., (—) (surg.) needle-holder; (—, or —-—s) needle-case.

=porte-allumettes=, n.m., (—) n.m., match-box.

=porte-amarre=, n.m., life-saving apparatus, line rocket.

☉=porte-arquebuse=, n.m., (—) king’s gun-bearer.

=porte-assiette=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) plate-stand.

☉=porte-auge=, n.m., (—) hodman, mason’s laborer.

=porte-baguette=, n.m., (—) pipe (of muskets, pistols).

=porte-baïonnette=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) bayonet-belt.

=porte-balle=, n.m., peddler, packman.

=porte-barres=, n.m., (—) pole-ring.

=porte-bonheur=, n.m., bearer of good tidings; bangle.

=porte-bossoir=, n.m., (—-—s) (nav.) supporter of the cat-head.

=porte-bouquet=, n.m., bouquet-holder.

=porte-bouteilles=, n.m., wine-rack, wine-bin.

=porte-carabine=, n.m., (—) carbine-swivel.

=porte-carafe=, n.m., decanter stand.

=porte-cartes=, n.m., (—) card-rack, card-case.

=porte-chape=, n.m., cope-bearer.

=porte-cierge=, n.m., taper-bearer.

=porte-choux=, n.m., market-gardener’s horse.

=porte-cigare=, n.m., (—) cigar-holder.

=porte-cigares=, n.m., (—) cigar-case.

=porte-clefs=, n.m., (—) turnkey; (mus.) key-board, key-ring.

=porte-collet=, n.m., pad, stiffener (for collars).

=porte-coquetiers=, n.m., egg-stand.

=porte-crayons=, n.m., pencil-case.

=porte-croix=, n.m., (—) cross-bearer.

=porte-crosse=, n.m., (—) crosier-bearer; (milit.) carbine-bucket.

=porte-cure-dent=, n.m., (—-—s) tooth-pick case or holder.

=porte-dieu=, n.m., (—) (c.rel.) viaticum-bearer.

=porte-drapeau=, n.m., (—) (milit.) ensign-bearer, ensign, color-sergeant.

=portée=, n.f., brood, litter; reach (of the hand, arm); reach (of the mind); capacity, compass; comprehension; import (extent of signification); shot (of a missile weapon); (artil.) range; (arch.) pitch; bearing; resting-point; (mus.) staff, stave. Hors de la — du canon; beyond cannon range. A or à la — du fusil; within gun-shot range. Cela n’est pas à ma —; that is not within my reach. Être à la — de la voix de quelqu’un; to be within hearing, within call. À — de trait; within bow-shot. Cet ouvrage n’est pas à ma —; that work is not within my compass, is beyond me. Cela passe ma —; that is beyond my comprehension, I cannot make it out, I fail to understand. Se mettre à la — de quelqu’un; to come down to the level of any one. Esprit d’une haute —; an intellect of great range of thought. La — d’un raisonnement; the scope or bearing of an argument.

☉=porte-enseigne=, n.m., (—) standard-bearer.

=porte-épée=, n.m., (—) sword-bearer; sword-belt, sword-hanger.

=porte-éperon=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) spur-strap.

=porte-étendard=, n.m., (—) standard-bearer; cornet.

=porte-étrier=, n.m., (—) stirrup-strap.

=porte-étrivière=, n.m., stirrup-bar.

*=porte-éventail=, n.m., (—) fan-carrier.

=portefaix=, n.m., porter, street-porter.

=porte-fer=, n.m., (—) horse-shoe case, iron-stand.

*=portefeuille=, n.m., portfolio; pocket-book; (pol.) office, portfolio, bill-case. Tout son bien est en —; all his property is invested in bills. Cet auteur a plusieurs ouvrages en —; that author has several works in manuscript, or lying by. Courir le —; to go office-hunting. En —; (com.) (of bills) in hand.

=porte-flambeau=, n.m., (— or —-—x) light-bearer; torch-bearer; linkman.

=porte-fleurs=, n.m., flower-stand.

=porte-fouet=, n.m., whip-socket; whip-holder.

=porte-fourchette=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) knife-rest.

=porte-fromage=, n.m., (—) cheese-tray or stand.

=porte-fût=, n.m., cask-stand.

=porte-gargousse=, n.m., (—) (nav.) cartridge-box.

=porte-giberne=, n.m., (mil.) pouch-belt.

=porte-hache=, n.m., (milit.) axe-case; axe-bearer.

=porte-haubans=, n.m., (—) (nav.) chain-wale.

=porte-huilier=, n.m., (—) cruet-stand.

=porte-lanterne=, n.m., lantern-fly; lamp-bracket (bicycles).

=porte-lettres=, n.m., (—) letter-case.

=porte-liqueurs=, n.m., (—) liquor-frame.

=porte-livre=, n.m., book-prop.

=porte-lof=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) (nav.) bumkin.

=porte-malheur=, n.m., (—) ill omen, bearer of ill-luck.

=porte-malle=, n.m., (—). V. =porte-balle=.

=portemanteau=, n.m., portmanteau; coat-peg, coat-stand; coat-rail.

=porte-masse=, n.m., mace-bearer.

=porte-mèche=, n.m., (—) wick-holder; (surg.) tent-probe.

=portement=, n.m., (paint.) carrying, bearing. — de croix; carrying the cross.

=porte-mitre=, n.m., (—) miter-bearer.

=porte-monnaie=, n.m., (—) purse, flat-purse.

=porte-montre=, n.m., (—) watch-stand.

=porte-montres=, n.m., (—) show-case (for watches).

=porte-mors=, n.m., (—) heading-rein, check-piece.

=porte-mouchettes=, n.m., (—) snuffer-tray.

=porte-mousqueton=, n.m., (—) carbine-swivel, hook.

=porte-musc=, n.m., (—). V. =musc= (mam.).

=porte-musique=, n.m., music-stand; canterbury.

=porte-objet=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) object-holder, slide.

=porte-page=, n.m., (—) (print.) page-paper.

=porte-parapluies=, n.m., (—) umbrella-stand.

=porte-parole=, n.m., mouthpiece, spokesman.

=porte-peigne=, n.m., comb-bag, comb-case.

=porte-pièce=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) shoemaker’s punch.

=porte-pierre=, n.m., (—) (surg.) caustic-case.

=porte-pipe=, n.m., (—) pipe-case.

=porte-plume=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) pen-holder.

=porte-plumes=, n.m., (—) pen-case.

=porte-queue=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) train-bearer. Grand —; (orni.) swallow-tail butterfly.

=porte-queues=, n.m., (billiards) cue-rack.

=porter= (-tèr), n.m., porter (beer).

=porter=, v.a., to carry, to bear; to bring; to support; to wear, to have on; to convey, to declare, to express, to measure; to bring forth, to yield, to produce; to declare, to manifest, to induce, to prompt, to impel, to urge, to prevail, to excite, to persuade, to contain, to import, to hit, to strike, to take effect, to tell. — un fardeau; to carry a burden. L’un portant l’autre; one with another, upon an average. Vous en porterez le péché; the sin will lie at your door. Il ne porte jamais d’argent sur lui; he never carries money about him. — un habit; to wear a coat. — le deuil; to be in mourning. — perruque; to wear a wig. — ses cheveux; to wear one’s own hair. — une bague au doigt; to wear a ring on one’s finger. Il a porté la livrée; he has worn a livery, he has been a servant. Elle porte la culotte; she wears the breeches or the gray mare is the better horse. — l’épée; to wear a sword. — les armes; to carry arms, to shoulder arms. — la tête haute; to carry one’s head high. — le bras en écharpe; to carry one’s arm in a sling. — aux nues; to laud to the skies. — son pied en dedans; to walk with the feet turned in. — (le nez) au vent; to toss (the head) in the air; (of a horse) its nose in the wind. Le — haut; to carry it with a high hand. — la main à l’épée; to lay one’s hand upon one’s sword. — une botte; (fenc.) to make a thrust. Porter coup; to strike home or to tell. — ses vues bien haut; to have great aspirations. Somme qui porte intérêt; sum that yields or bears interest. Il en portera la peine; he will suffer for it. Vin qui porte bien l’eau; wine that bears being watered. Ils l’ont porté à la vengeance; they have excited him to revenge. Être porté à la vertu; to be inclined to virtue. L’ordre du roi ne porte pas cela; the king’s order does not convey as much. L’arrêt porte condamnation; the sentence carries condemnation with it. La déclaration porte que; the declaration stipulates that. — amitié à quelqu’un; to bear any one friendship. — respect; to respect. — envie; to envy. — bonheur; to bring good luck. — préjudice; to be prejudicial to. — témoignage; to bear witness. — son jugement sur quelque chose; to pass judgment upon anything. — une santé; to propose a toast, to drink to the health of.

se =porter=, v.r., to be, to do (of health); to tend, to incline; to be inclined, to be disposed; to be worn; to proceed; to repair; to move; to stand forth; to be prone, to resort, to flock (to); to turn, to be directed. Comment vous portez-vous? how do you do? Se — bien; to be well, in good health. Ne pas se — bien; to be unwell. — sur les lieux; to repair to the place. Cette pièce réussit, la foule s’y porte; the piece has caught on, crowds go to see it. Il se porte au bien; he is well disposed. Il s’est porté à cela lui-même; he took to that of his own accord. Se — fort pour quelqu’un; to answer for any one, to stand security for any one. Portez-vous bien! good health! take care of yourself.

=porter=, v.n., to bear, to rest, to lie; (artil., man.) to carry; (nav.) to stand, to bear off; (her.) to bear; to aim at; to hit, to take effect; to reach; to bear young, to be with young (of animals). Le carrosse porte sur la flèche; the coach bears upon the pole. Un raisonnement qui porte à faux; an inconclusive argument, a remark not to the point. Tous les coups que l’on tire ne portent pas; all shots fired do not carry home, or hit the mark. Ce vin porte à la tête; that wine goes to the head. Sa vue porte loin; his eye reaches far. — au nord-ouest; to stand to the north-west. Les voiles portent; the sails are full. — gueules; (her.) to bear gules.

=porte-respect=, n.m., (—) weapon carried in self-defence; life-preserver; mark of dignity; person of an imposing exterior.

=porte-rideau=, n.m., (—-—x) curtain-pole.

=porte-rôtie=, n.m., (—-—s) toast-stand, toast-rack.

=porte-scie=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) (ent.) saw-fly. Insectes —; saw-flies.

=porte-serviettes=, n.m., towel-horse.

=porte-tapisserie=, n.m., (—) tapestry frame.

=porte-trait=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) trace-strap, trace-robin.

=porteu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., porter, carrier, heaver; bearer; (com.) holder. Le — d’une lettre; the bearer of a letter. Payable au —; payable to bearer. Cheval —; near-side horse. — de chaise; chairman.

=porte-vent=, n.m., (—) (mus.) wind-trunk (of organs).

=porte-verge=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) verger, beadle.

=porte-vergue=, n.f., (—) (nav.) iron-horse.

=porte-vis=, n.m., (—) screw-piece.

=porte-voix=, n.m., (—) speaking-trumpet.

=portier= (-tié), n.m., porter, door-keeper.

=portière= (-ti-èr), n.f., curtain (before a door); carriage-door; portress.

=portière=, adj.f., of an age to bear (of cows).

=portion=, n.f., portion, part, share; allowance, pittance. — de nourriture; allowance of food. Diminuer la — de quelqu’un; to curtail any one’s allowance.

=portioncule=, n.f., (l.u.) a small portion.

=portique=, n.m., portico, doorway; porch.

=portor=, n.m., portor (black marble).

☉=portraire=, v.a., to portray, to depict, to paint.

=portrait=, n.m., portrait, likeness, picture, image, description. Peintre de —s; portrait painter. — en grand; full size portrait. — à l’huile; portrait in oils. — en pied; full length portrait. — flatté; flattering portrait. — chargé; caricature.

=portraitiste=, n.m.f., portrait-painter.

=portraiture=, n.f., ☉portraiture; portrait-painting. Livre de —; (paint.) drawing-book.

=portugais=, n.m., Portuguese (language).

=portugais=, =-e=, n. and adj., Portuguese.

=portulan=, n.m., (nav.) a book (of sea-ports).

=posage=, n.m., laying; laying down; (of bells, etc.) putting up.

=pose=, n.f., laying, setting, laying down on; posture, attitude; show, sham, make-believe; hanging (of bells); stationing, posting (of sentries). — de la première pierre; laying of the foundation stone.

=posé=, =-e=, part., laid, set, poised, bearing, resting, leaning. Cela —, il s’ensuit que; this being granted, it follows that. Un homme bien — dans le monde; a man in a good position, a man of standing.

=posé=, =-e=, adj., sedate, staid, sober, grave.

=posément=, adv., sedately, staidly.

=poser=, v.a., to place, to set, to lay down; to suppose, to admit, to grant; to post up; to hang, to put up (bells); (mus.) to pitch; (arith.) to put down; to pose (at dominoes). — le pied; to set foot. Posez votre paquet; lay down your bundle. — l’arme à terre; to ground arms. — les armes; to lay down one’s arms. — une figure; to put a figure in the proper position. — la première pierre d’un édifice; to lay the first stone of an edifice. — à sec; to lay down dry. — à cru; to erect timber framework on the bare ground. — à plat; to lay down flat. — une sonnette; to hang a bell. — des gardes; to post guards. — en fait; to lay down as a fact. — une question; to put a question. Posons que cela soit; let us suppose it to be so. Il pose bien sa voix; he gives his voice the proper pitch.

se =poser=, v.r., to place, perch, pitch, settle one’s self; to assume an attitude, to set up for; to pitch (of birds).

=poser=, v.n., to bear, to rest, to lean; to take a posture, to stand, to dance attendance, to wait, to sit for one’s portrait, to attitudinize.

=poseur=, n.m., one who lays down stones, etc.; setter, layer; (rail.) plate-layer. — de sonnettes; bell-hanger.

=poseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., one who gives himself airs; a prig, a snob.

=positi-f=, =-ve=, adj., positive, certain, practical; certain, sure, matter-of-fact. Ce fait est —; it is a positive fact. Un esprit —; a practical mind. C’est un homme —; he is a matter-of-fact man. Elle ne m’avait rien promis de —; she had made me no positive or definite promise. C’est —! it’s a fact!

=positif=, n.m., positive reality, certainty, fact; (gram.) positive.

=position=, n.f., position, situation, status, standing; posture; stand, place; station of life, case, state; circumstances. — embarrassante; involved circumstances. Fausse —; (arith.) false position. Dans une bonne —; well off. Dans une — peu élevée; in a small, or inferior, position. Être en — de; to be able to. Quelle est sa —? how is he circumstanced?

=positivement= (-tiv-mān), adv., positively, exactly, expressly, explicitly.

=positivisme=, n.m., (philos.) positivism.

=positiviste=, n.m., (philos.) positivist, follower of positivism.

=pospolite=, n.f., pospolite (Polish nobility).

=possédé=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., person possessed, madman, maniac. Un homme — du démon; a man possessed of the devil. Il se démène comme un —; he lays about him like a madman.

=posséder=, v.a., to possess, to be possessed of, to be master of, to be conversant with, to enjoy, to own, to hold, to have, to be worth (of a person); to be acquainted with. — un emploi; to hold a situation. Les vertus qu’il possède; the virtues he is possessed of. L’ambition le possède; he is eaten up with ambition. Le diable le possède; the devil is in him. Bien — une langue; to be thorough master of a language. Bien — son sujet; to have a thorough command of one’s subject.

se =posséder=, v.r., to command one’s temper, to command one’s self, to master one’s passions, to contain one’s self. Ne point se —; to be beside one’s self. Il ne se possède pas de joie; he is beside himself with joy.

=possesseur=, n.m., possessor, owner, master; occupant, occupier. — légitime; lawful possessor.

=possessif=, n.m. and adj., (gram.) possessive case; possessive.

=possession=, n.f., possession, occupation, right, privilege. Mettre en —; to give possession, to invest. — antérieure; preoccupancy. Prise de —; taking possession. — injuste; wrongful possession. Être en — de; to be able to, to have the right or privilege (of).

=possessoire=, adj., (jur.) possessory. Action —; possessory action.

=possessoire=, n.m., (jur.) possession (of real property).

=posset=, n.m., posset.

=possibilité=, n.f., possibility.

=possible=, adj., possible. Il est — de le faire; it is possible to do it. Il est — qu’il le fasse; he may possibly do it. Venez le plus tôt —; come as early as you can.

=possible=, n.m., possibility, utmost. Faire tout son —; to do one’s utmost. Je ferai tout mon —; I’ll do whatever lies in my power, or the best I can, or all I can. Au —; amazingly, to a degree. C’est —; very likely, that may be. Pas —! you don’t say so!

=postal=, =-e=, adj., postal, of the post.

=postalement=, adv., by post.

=postcommunion=, n.f., (c.rel.) post-communion.

=postdate=, n.f., (l.u.) postdate.

=postdater=, v.a., to postdate.

=poste=, n.m., post; guard-house, station; station-house; place, employment; (nav.) berth; station (of a ship). — de chirurgiens; surgeons’ berth. — des malades; cockpit. — de combat; quarters. — d’un vaisseau; station of a ship in a fleet. Être à — fixe dans un lieu; to be stationed in a place, to reside on the spot; (fig.) to be a fixture. Être à son —; to be at one’s post.

=poste=, n.f., post, post-house; post-stage; post-office; mail; buck-shot. Aller en —; to travel post. Courir, or aller, la —; to ride or travel post; to go post-haste, very fast. Chevaux de —; post-horses. — aux chevaux; post-house. — aux lettres; letter-post, pillar post. Bureau de —; post-office. — pour —; by return of post. Maître de —; postmaster. Relais de —; post-stage. — restante; till called for. Directeur des —s; postmaster general. Grande —; General Post-office. Petite —; district post-office; receiving house.

=posté=, =-e=, part., placed, stationed.

=postel=, n.m., teasel, kind of thistle (used in cloth manufactories).

=poster=, v.a., to station, to place, to post.

=postérieur=, =-e=, adj., posterior, subsequent, later; future.

=postérieur=, n.m., posteriors.

=postérieurement= (-eur-mān), adv., subsequently, after, since.

à =posteriori=, adv., (log.) a posteriori (from the effect to the cause); or from what follows.

=postériorité=, n.f., posteriority.

=postérité=, n.f., posterity, issue. En appeler à la —; to appeal to posterity. Transmettre son nom à la — la plus reculée; to transmit, or hand down, one’s name to the remotest posterity. Passer à la —; to be handed down to posterity.

=postface=, n.f., address (placed at the end of a work), after-address.

☉=postfixe=, n.m., (gram.) postfix, termination.

=posthume=, n.m. and adj., posthumous child; posthumous. Œuvres —s; posthumous works. Un fils —; a posthumous son. C’est un —; he is a posthumous child.

=postiche=, adj., superadded; false, misplaced; false, artificial, sham, mock; (milit.) provisional acting. Dents —s; false teeth. Cheveux —s; false hair. Caporal —; acting-corporal.

*=postillon=, n.m., postilion; post-boy; (backgammon) mark above the half.

=postposer=, v.a., ☉to put after; (book-bind.) to transpose.

=postpositi-f=, =-ve=, adj., (gram.) postpositive.

=postposition=, n.f., postposition.

=postscénium=, n.m., (—) postscenium.

=post-scriptum= (-tom), n.m., (—) postscript.

=postulance=, n.f., application, candidature.

=postulant=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., postulant, candidate, applicant.

=postulat=, n.m., postulate.

=postulation=, n.f., conducting a suit, or cause; (canon law) application for a dispensation.

=postulatum=, n.m., (postulata) (philos.) postulate. V. =postulat=.

=postuler=, v.a., to solicit; to apply for, to be a candidate for; (ecc.) to apply for a dispensation. — une place; to apply for a place.

=postuler=, v.n., to conduct a suit, to plead.

=posture=, n.f., posture, attitude, situation, condition.

=pot=, n.m., pot, jug; tankard, can, jar; (stationery) foolscap; ☉pot, morion, helmet. Mettre en —; to pot. — de chambre; chamber-pot. Bête comme un —; as stupid as an owl. Mettre le — sur le feu; to put the pot on the fire. Prendre la fortune du —; to take pot-luck. — pourri; hotch-potch; jar filled with all sorts of flowers; medley, jumble, olio. — à feu; (artil.) fireball, cresset, fire-pot. —-au-feu; (—) meat to boil (to make soup); broth; (fig.) bread and butter, bread and cheese. — à l’eau; water-jug. — au lait; milk-can. Tourner autour du —; to beat about the bush. Gare le — au noir; beware of the danger. Découvrir le — aux roses; to find out the secret, to lay bare the mystery. Il en payera les —s cassés; he will pay for the damage, stand the racket. C’est le — de terre contre le — de fer; it is the earthen pot against the iron pot (i.e., the weak against the strong). Un — fêlé dure longtemps; threatened men live long. Il n’y a si méchant — qui ne trouve son couvercle; every Jack has his Jill. Être à — et à rôt avec; to be great pals with or to be very thick with.

=potable=, adj., drinkable.

=potage=, n.m., porridge, soup. — aux herbes; vegetable soup. Il ne trouva que cela pour tout —; that’s all he found. Pour tout —; in all, all told.

=potager=, n.m., kitchen-stove; kitchen-garden; soup-pan.

=potag-er=, =-ère=, adj., culinary, cooking. Herbes, or plantes, —ères; pot-herbs. Jardin —; kitchen-garden.

=potamot=, n.m., (bot.) pond-weed.

=potasse=, n.f., potash. — d’Amérique; pearl-ash.

=potassium= (-siom), n.m., potassium.

=pot-de-vin=, n.m., (—s-—) gratuity; premium; good-will; bonus; bribe; tip.

=pote=, adj., (fam.) big, swollen, sore (of the hand).

=poteau=, n.m., post, stake, pillar. — cornier; corner-post. — indicateur or guide; finger-post; sign-post. — d’enseigne; sign-post. — d’arrivée; winning-post. — de départ; starting-post.

=potée=, n.f., potful; houseful or swarm (of children); putty (of tin); (metal.) molding, luting loam. — d’étain; putty-powder. — d’émeri; emery dust.

=potelé=, =-e= (po-tlé), adj., plump, fat, chubby.

=potelet= (po-tlè), n.m., (carp.) strut; prop.

=potence=, n.f., gallows, gibbet; bracket; prop; crutch (shaped in the form of a T); sliding rule for measuring the height of men and horses; (nav.) gallowsbit; (horl.) potence. Gibier de —; Newgate or jail bird.

=potentat=, n.m., potentate.

=potentiel=, =-le=, (-ci-èl), adj., (med., gram.) potential.

=potentiellement= (-ci-èl-), adv., potentially.

*=potentille=, n.f., (bot.) cinque-foil.

=poterie= (-trî), n.f., pottery, earthenware. — de grès; stoneware.

=poterne=, n.f., (fort.) postern.

=potiche=, n.f., China or Japan vase.

=potier= (-tié), n.m., potter. Terre à —; potter’s clay. — d’étain; pewterer.

=potin=, n.m., pinchbeck; (fam.) gossip, tittle-tattle.

=potion=, n.f., (med.) potion, draught.

=potiron=, n.m., pumpkin.

☉=potron-jaquet= or =potron-minet=, n.m. V. =patron-jaquet=.

=pou=, n.m., louse. Des —x; lice.

=pouacre=, n.m. and adj., (pop.) niggardly; nasty fellow; filthy; nasty.

=pouah!= int., faugh! ugh!

=pouce=, n.m., thumb; inch. Il s’en mordra les —s; he will rue it, or regret it. Serrer les —s à quelqu’un; to wrest a secret from any one. Mettre les —s; to give in; to knuckle under. Manger sur le —; to have a snack.

=poucet=, n.m., small thumb. Le petit —; Tom Thumb.

=poucettes=, n.f.pl., manacles (for the thumbs).

=poucier=, n.m., thumb-stall.

=pou-de-soie=, n.m., (—x-—) or =poult-de-soie=, n.m., (—s-—) (silk) paduasoy; stout silk.

=pouding=, n.m., pudding.

=poudingue= (-dingh), n.m., pudding-stone.

=poudre=, n.f., dust, sand; powder; gunpowder. — d’or; gold dust. Sucre en —; castor sugar. Réduire en —; to pulverize. Jeter de la — aux yeux de quelqu’un; to throw dust into the eyes of any one, to impose on any one. Du tabac en —; snuff. — de chasse; shooting-powder. Du café en —; ground coffee. — à canon; gunpowder. La soute aux —s; (nav.) the powder magazine. Les —s; the powder magazine. Il n’a pas inventé la —; he is no conjurer; he will never set the Thames on fire. Mettre le feu aux —s; (fig.) to fan the flame.

=poudrer=, v.a., to powder, to pounce, to sprinkle.

se =poudrer=, v.r., to powder one’s hair.

=poudrerie=, n.f., gunpowder factory.

=poudrette=, n.f., dried night soil. Faire la —; (of fowls) to roll in the dust.

=poudreu-x=, =-se=, adj., dusty, powdery. C’est un pied —; he is a vagabond, a tramp.

=poudrier=, n.m., sand-box, pounce-box; gunpowder-maker.

=poudrière=, n.f., powder-mill; powder magazine; sand-box.

=poudroyer=, v.a., to fill, or cover, with dust. v.n., to rise (of the dust); to be dusty (of roads).

=pouf=, n.m., puff; puffery, hoax; ottoman seat; centre ottoman. Faiseur de —s; (fig.) puffer; boaster, charlatan. Faire des —s; to disappear without paying one’s debts.

=pouf=, adv., plump, bang. À —; (pop.) on tick, on credit.

=pouf=, adj. invariable, crumbling (of stones).

=pouffer=, v.n., to puff. Only used in — de rire; to burst out laughing.

=poufferie=, n.f., puffery.

=pouffiste=, n.m., puffer.

*=pouillé=, n.m., register of benefices.

*=pouiller=, v.a., (pop.) to rail at, to abuse.

*se =pouiller=, v.r., (pop.) to abuse each other.

*=pouilles=, n.f.pl., abuse, abusive language. Il m’a chanté —; he abused me.

*=pouilleu-x=, =-se=, n. and adj., lousy person; beggarly fellow; lousy, wretched, mean.

*=pouillot=, n.m., (orni.) pewet.

*=poulailler=, n.m., hen-house, poultry-house; poultry-cart; (of persons) poulterer, poultry salesman.

=poulain=, n.m., foal, colt; (med.) bubo.

=poulaine=, n.f., (nav.) figure-head.

=poulan=, n.m., (at cards) pool.

=poularde=, n.f., fat pullet; capon.

=poule=, n.f., hen; fowl; pool (play). Jeune —; pullet. — d’Inde; turkey-hen. — d’eau; moor-hen. Faire venir la chair de —; to make one’s flesh creep, to make one shudder. Plumer la — sans la faire crier; to make any one disgorge without any fuss. — mouillée; milk-sop (pers.).

=poulet=, n.m., chicken; love-letter; (stationery) fancy note-paper.

=poulette=, n.f., young hen, pullet; lass. À la —; with white sauce.

☉=poulevrin=. V. =pulvérin=.

=pouliche=, n.f., filly, foal.

=poulie=, n.f., pulley; (nav.) block.

=poulier=, v.a., to hoist, to lift up, with a pulley.

=poulierie=, n.f., block-shed; block-manufacture; block-manufactory.

=poulieur=, n.m., block-maker.

☉=poulin=, =-e=. V. =poulain=, =pouliche=.

=pouliner=, v.n., to foal (of mares).

=poulinière=, n.f. Jument —; brood mare.

=pouliot=, n.m., (bot.) penny-royal.

=poulpe=, n.m., (mol.) octopus, devil-fish.

=pouls= (poo), n.m., pulse. — déréglé; irregular pulse. — faible; low pulse. — élevé; high pulse. — formicant; small, weak and frequent pulse. Se tâter le —; to feel one’s own pulse; (fig.) to gauge one’s strength. Tâter le — à quelqu’un; to feel any one’s pulse. Le — lui bat; his pulse beats.

=poult-de-soie=, n.m. (—s-—). V. =pou-de-soie=.

=poumon=, n.m., lung, lungs.

=poupard=, n.m., (triv.) babe, baby, baby-doll.

=poupart=, n.m., large edible crab.

=poupe=, n.f., poop, stern. À — carrée, square-sterned. À — étroite; vertical-sterned. Vent en —; stern-wind. Mettre vent en —; to bear away before the wind. Mouiller en —; to moor by the stern. Avoir le vent en —; to sail before the wind; (fig.) to be in luck’s way.

=poupée=, n.f., doll; puppet; (arch.) poppy-head; (hort.) crown-graft; bunch of hemp or flax tied to the distaff. Enter en —; (hort.) to graft in the bark.

=poupin=, =-e=, n. and adj., (fam.) fop, beau, dandy, belle; smart, spruce, dashy.

=poupon=, n.m., =-ne=, n.f., plump, chub-cheeked baby, boy, girl. Ma —ne; my darling.

=pour=, prep., for; on account of; in order; towards; to; though, notwithstanding. — toujours, — jamais; for ever. — le moins; at least. — cet effet; therefore, for this purpose. — ainsi dire; as it were, so to speak. Il fera cela — vous; he will do that for your sake. On l’a laissé — mort; he was left for dead. — qui me prenez-vous? whom do you take me for? Je le tiens — mon ami; I take him to be, or consider him, my friend. — moi; for my part, as for me. — ce qui est de moi, j’y consens; for my part I consent to it. Comme —; as if, as much as (to). — ce qui est de; as regards, as for.

=pour=, n.m., for, pro. Les — et les contre; the pros and cons.

=pourboire=, n.m., drink-money; tip. Demander un —; to ask for something (over and above the legal fare).

=pourceau=, n.m., hog, pig, swine. Etable à —x; hog-sty. — de mer; sea-hog, porpoise. C’est un vrai —; he is a perfect beast.

=pour-cent=, n.m., percentage.

=pourchasser=, v.a., to pursue, to seek eagerly; to chase; to dun, to badger.

=pourfendeur=, n.m., (l.u.) killer; swaggerer, bully. — de géants; giant-killer, braggadocio.

=pourfendre=, v.a., (fam.) to cleave asunder, to cleave; to kill outright.

=pourir=, v.n. V. =pourrir=.

=pourissage= or =pourrissage=, n.m., (tech.) retting.

=pourissoir= or =pourrissoir=, n.m., (tech.) retting vat.

=pouriture=, n.f. V. =pourriture=.

=pourlécher=, v.a., (l.u.) to lick all over; (fig.) to polish, to labor.

se =pourlécher=, v.r., (fam.) to lick one’s chops; (fig.) to gloat over (in anticipation).

=pour lors=, adv., then, after that; at that time; henceforward.

=pourparler=, n.m., parley, conference. Entrer en —s; to enter into negotiations; to discuss.

=pour peu que=, conj., ever so little, however little; if only.

=pourpier=, n.m., (bot.) purslain.

=pourpoint=, n.m., doublet. À brûle-—; quite close; point-blank. Mettre quelqu’un en —; to ruin any one. Se mettre en —; to be ready to fight. Un argument à brûle —; a convincing, irresistible argument. Donner à quelqu’un un — de pierre; to clap any one into prison.

=pourpre=, n.m., purple; (med.) purples; (her.) purpure.

=pourpre=, adj., purple.

=pourpre=, n.f., purple (stuff); purple-dye; purple-fish; (fig.) sovereign dignity; cardinalate. Porter la —; to wear the purple. Être né dans la —; to be born in a palace, in the purple.

=pourpré=, =-e=, adj., purpled, purple. Fièvre —e; purpura, petechial fever.

=pourprier=, n.m., (mol.) purpura.

☉=pourpris=, n.m., inclosure; abode, home.

=pour que=, conj., in order that, so that, to.

=pourquoi=, adv., why, wherefore. — cela? why so? — pas? why not?

=pourquoi=, conj., why, for what, upon what account; for what reason. Demandez-moi —; I don’t know why (i.e. I should like to know why). C’est —; therefore.

=pourquoi=, n.m., the reason why; the why and the wherefore. Je voudrais bien savoir le —; I would fain know the why and the wherefore.

=pourri=, n.m., rottenness, rotten part.

=pourri=, =-e=, part., rotten. — de cuisson; done to rags. Pomme —e; rotten apple. Pierre —e; rotten stone.

=pourrir=, v.n., to rot, to grow rotten; to perish.

=pourrir=, v.a., to rot, to make rotten; to mature (of a cold), to ripen.

se =pourrir=, v.r., to get rotten.

=pourrissage=, n.m. V. =pourissage=.

=pourrissant=, =-e=, adj., rotting.

=pourrissoir=, n.m. V. =pourissoir=.

=pourriture=, n.f., rot, rottenness, putrefaction, decay; (agri.) brown rust; (vet.) rot.

=poursuite=, n.f., pursuit, chase; prosecution; persecution; (jur.) suit, action, proceedings. Intenter des —s; (jur.) to institute proceedings, to take proceedings.

=poursuivable=, adj., actionable.

=poursuivant=, n.m., candidate; suitor, wooer; (jur.) prosecutor, plaintiff. — d’armes; pursuivant at arms.

=poursuivant=, adj., pursuing; (jur.) suing, prosecuting.

=poursuivre=, v.a., to pursue, to hunt, to chase; to endeavor to obtain, to seek for; to go on (with), to proceed (with), to follow up; to persecute, to annoy, to beset; to haunt; (jur.) to sue; (jur.) to prosecute, to action. — quelqu’un en justice; to prosecute any one at law. — l’ennemi; to pursue the enemy. — un procès; to carry on a lawsuit. — une charge; to endeavor to obtain a post. — une pension; to solicit a pension. — son discours; to proceed with one’s speech. — son chemin; to proceed on one’s way, to pursue one’s road, to go on one’s way.

se =poursuivre=, v.r., to pursue one another, to be pursued, to be continued; (jur.) to be sued; to be prosecuted.

=poursuivre=, v.n., to pursue, to continue. Poursuivez! go on!

=pourtant=, adv., however, howsoever, yet, still, for all that, notwithstanding, though, nevertheless.

=pourtour=, n.m., periphery, circumference, circuit; pit-tier (in a theatre).

=pourvoi=, n.m., (jur.) appeal (for reversal of judgment), application. — en grâce; petition for mercy.

=pourvoir=, v.n., to see to, to look to; to attend to; to provide (for), to supply, to make provision for; to nominate, to appoint. Pourvoyez à cette affaire; see to that business. — à sa subsistance; to provide for one’s living. — à un bénéfice; to prefer to a living, to appoint, to nominate to a living.

=pourvoir=, v.a., to invest with, to put in possession of; to provide, to supply, to furnish, to stock; to endow. — une place de vivres; to victual a garrison. Ce père a bien pourvu tous ses enfants; that father has made a handsome provision for all his children.

se =pourvoir=, v.r., to provide one’s self; to apply, to sue, to make application for. Se — en justice; to sue at law. Se — par appel; to enter an appeal. Se — en cassation; to appeal for a reversal of judgment. Se — en grâce; to petition for mercy.

☉=pourvoirie=, n.f., provision-store.

=pourvoyant=, adj., providing, provident.

=pourvoyeur=, n.m., purveyor, provider, caterer; (fig.) go-between.

=pourvoyeuse=, n.f., procuress.

=pourvu que=, conj., provided that; provided; it is to be hoped that, let us hope that. — — vous le fassiez; provided you do it.

=pousse=, n.f., shoot, sprout; (vet.) heaves, shortness of breath, broken wind (in horses); asthma; ☉bum-bailiffs (sheriff’s officers); bitterness (a disease in wines); choke-damp (in mines).

=poussé=, =-e=, part., pushed. Ce cheval est — de nourriture; this horse has been fed too much. Du vin —; turbid, diseased wine.

=pousse-café=, n.m., liqueur (after coffee).

☉=pousse-cul=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) bum-bailiff.

=poussée=, n.f., pushing, thrusting; push, thrust (of arches); press (of business). Donner la — à quelqu’un; to follow up any one closely. Faire une belle —; (fam., iron.) to do a mighty fine thing. Donner une — à; to give a push to.

=pousse-pieds=, n.m. (—). V. =anatife=.

=pousser=, v.a., to push, to give a push to, to thrust, to give a thrust to, to shove, to shove on, to drive, to drive on, to impel; to strike, to throw, to hit; to carry on, to extend, to forward; to send forth, to shoot forth, to put out, to put forth (of plants); to urge, to stir up, to provoke, to impel, to incite, to instigate; to bring forward, to assist forward, to help on; to utter (a groan); to heave, to fetch (a sigh). — en avant; to push on. — dehors; to thrust out. — un cheval; to urge on a horse. — le temps avec l’épaule; (prov.) to endeavor to gain time. — la porte au nez de quelqu’un; to slam the door in any one’s face. — le dé; to throw the dice. — une botte; (fenc.) to make a thrust. — un mur plus loin; to carry a wall further on. — un raisonnement trop loin; to carry an argument too far. — à bout; to provoke beyond endurance. — une affaire à bout; to carry a thing to a successful issue or to go through with anything. — une tranchée; to carry forward a trench. — des cris; to utter cries. — des soupirs; to heave sighs. Vous me poussez trop; you urge me too far. C’est un tel qui l’a poussé; it was so and so who egged him on. — sa pointe; to pursue one’s point. On l’a poussé à se battre; they set him on to fight. — quelqu’un de questions; to badger, to ply any one with questions. Les arbres commencent à — des boutons; the trees are beginning to put forth buds.

se =pousser=, v.r., to push forward, to push one’s self forward, to be pushed forward, to be pushed, to be carried; to push forward one another. Se — de nourriture; to eat too much.

=pousser=, v.n., to sprout, to sprout forth, to shoot, to shoot forth (of plants); to be broken-winded (of horses); to grow (of the hair, nails); to push forward, to push on, to go on; to bulge, to jut out. Les blés poussent déjà; the corn is already coming up. Ce mur pousse en dehors; this wall bulges outwards. Poussons jusqu’à la forêt; let us push forward, or on, as far as the forest.

=poussette=, n.f., pushpin (game).

=pousseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., pusher, shover; utterer (of sighs).

=poussier=, n.m., coal-dust; gunpowder-dust; turf-dust.

=poussière=, n.f., dust, powder; (bot.) pollen, male-seed; (of water) spray. Nuage de —; cloud of dust. — de la mer; spray. Réduire en —; to reduce to dust. Jeter de la — aux yeux de quelqu’un; to throw dust into any one’s eyes. Tirer quelqu’un de la —; to raise any one from the depths of poverty. Il fait de la —; it is dusty, the roads are dusty.

=poussiéreu-x=, =-se=, adj., dusty.

=poussif=, n.m., (pop.) pursy fellow or creature.

=poussi-f=, =-ve=, adj., (pop.) pursy; (vet.) short-winded, broken-winded.

=poussin=, n.m., chick, young chicken. — qui ne fait que d’éclore; chick just out of its shell.

=poussinière=, n.f., chick-room, chicken-coop; (pop.) (astron.) Pleiades.

=poussoir=, n.m., (horl.) pusher; driver (dentistry).

=poussolane=. V. =pouzzolane=.

=poutre=, n.f., beam; girder; mote (in the eye).

=poutrelle=, n.f., small beam; (carp.) stop-plank.

=pouvoir= (pouvant, pu), v.n., to be able, can, may, to have power, to be allowed, to be possible. — marcher; to be able to walk. Je ne puis vous répondre; I cannot answer you. N’en — plus; to be worn out, to be completely exhausted, to be tired out, to be done up. N’en — mais, ne — mais d’une chose; (fam.) to have had no share (in), nothing to do (with) anything. Pouvait-il mais de cela? could he possibly help that? Puisse-t-il réussir; may he succeed. Il peut arriver que; it may happen that. Il pourrait survenir une circonstance qui changeât la face des choses; some circumstance might arise which would change the whole face of matters. Je n’y puis rien; I cannot help it. Je puis ne pas le faire; I may not do it. Je ne puis pas le faire; I cannot do it. Il peut se faire or il se peut faire que; it may happen that; it may be possible for me to. Vous avez pu voir; you may have seen. Vous n’avez pas pu voir; you cannot have seen. Vous avez pu ne pas voir; you may not have seen. Il peut, or pourrait, avoir vingt ans; he may, or might, be twenty. Cela se pourrait bien; it might be so; it is not at all unlikely. Cela pourrait bien être; it might be so. Il se pourrait bien que; it might be, it might happen that. Il pourrait se faire que; it is not at all unlikely that. Pouvez-vous bien! how can you! Autant que faire se peut; as far as it is possible, On ne peut plus; exceedingly, extremely, etc.

=pouvoir=, v.a., can do, to be able to do; to have power. Je ne puis rien à cela; I can do nothing in that business. Vous pouvez tout sur lui; you have great power over him. Je ne crois pas le —; I do not think I can do it.

se =pouvoir=, v.r.imp., to be possible, may be, can be. Cela se peut; that may be, that is possible. Il se pourrait que; it might happen that. Cela ne se peut pas; that is impossible.

=pouvoir=, n.m., power; sway, authority, might, force, command, government; executive power. Il est en son — de; he has it in his power to. Avoir une chose en son —; to have a thing in one’s possession. Être fondé de —s; to have a power of attorney. Il a plein — de; he has full powers to. Abuser de son —; to abuse one’s power. Avoir un —; (jur.) to have a power of attorney, a letter of attorney.

=pouzzolane= or =pozzolane=, n.f., (—s) pozzalana, puzzolana, pozzuolana.

=pp.=, ab. of the word Pères, fathers (of the church).

=pragmatique=, n.f. and adj., pragmatic sanction; pragmatic.

=prairial=, n.m., Prairial, ninth month of the calendar of the first French republic, from May 20th to June 18th.

=prairie=, n.f., meadow, grass-land, grass-field, prairie, savannah. —s artificielles; grounds sown with grass, clover.

=praline=, n.f., burnt almond.

=praliner=, v.a., to burn with sugar (like burnt almonds); to crystallize.

=prame=, n.f., (nav.) pram, dingy (Norwegian boat).

=praticabilité=, n.f., practicability.

=praticable=, adj., practicable, feasible, possible; passable (of roads); accessible, real. Si la chose est —; if the thing be practicable. Les chemins ne sont pas —s; the roads are not passable. Porte —, fenêtre —; (thea.) real door, real window.

=praticables=, n.m.pl., (thea.) real (not painted) objects.

=praticien= (-si-in), n.m. and adj., practitioner; (sculpt.) figure-carver; practicing. Médecin —; practicing physician.

=pratiquant=, =-e=, adj. and n., church-goer, communicant.

=pratique=, n.f., practice, practical part, observance, usage, habit; dealing, doing, customer, custom; practice (of attorneys, notaries, physicians); Punch’s whistle, squeaker; underhand dealing, secret practice; (nav.) pratique. Mettre en —; to put into practice, to practice. Faire de sourdes —s; to carry on clandestine, underhand dealings. C’est une bonne —; he is a good customer. Donner — à un vaisseau; (nav.) to admit a vessel to pratique. Cet avoué entend bien la —; that attorney is well versed in the practice of the law. Terme de —; law-term. Obtenir, or recevoir, —; (nav.) to take pratique.

=pratique=, adj., pertaining to practice, practical, experienced. Être — d’un lieu; (nav.) to be a good pilot for a place.

=pratiquement= (-tik-mān), adv., practically.

=pratiquer=, v.a., to practice, to exercise; to frequent, to converse with, to keep company with; to tamper with, to suborn, to bribe, to obtain, to procure; (arch.) to contrive, to let in. — la médecine; to practice as a doctor. Se garder de — les méchants; to avoid associating with the wicked. — un chemin; to open a road. — un trou; to make, to contrive, to let in, a hole. — des intelligences; to get intelligence. — des témoins; to suborn witnesses.

se =pratiquer=, v.r., to be in use, to be practiced, to be customary, to open or make for one’s self (a way). Cela ne se pratique point; that is not usual; such things are not done.

=pratiquer=, v.n., to practice, to exercise, to frequent, to associate with; to obtain, to open; to build, to contrive; to arrange; (nav.) to have free intercourse.

=pré=, n.m., meadow, small mead; paddock; ground (to fight a duel). Se trouver sur le —; to be upon the ground.

=préadamites=, n.m.pl., preadamites.

=préalable=, adj., preliminary; previous.

=préalable=, n.m., necessary preliminary; preliminary. Au —; previously, first of all.

=préalablement=, adv., previously, first.

=préambule=, n.m., preamble, preface. Point de —; no preface, please! go straight to the point.

=préau=, n.m., yard, paddock, green; close (of a cathedral); courtyard (of a convent or prison).

=prébende=, n.f., prebend, prebendaryship.

=prébendé=, =-e=, adj., in possession of a prebend; prebendal.

=prébendier=, n.m., prebendary.

=précaire=, adj., n.m., precarious; uncertain; precarious tenure.

=précairement= (-kèr-mān), adv., precariously.

=précaution=, n.f., precaution; caution, care. Prendre des —s auprès de quelqu’un; to proceed warily with any one. User de —; to use caution.

=précautionner=, v.a., to warn, to caution.

se =précautionner=, v.r., to be cautious, to guard against, to take precautions. Se — contre la chaleur; to guard against the heat.

=précédemment= (-da-mān), adv., before, previously.

=précédent=, =-e=, adj., precedent, former, preceding, previous.

=précédent=, n.m., something done or said previously; precedent.

=précéder=, v.a., to precede, to go before, to go first; to have or take precedence (of). Il était précédé par, il était précédé de; he was preceded by.

=préceinte=, n.f., (nav.) wale, bend, rib-band. — basse, première —, seconde —; main wale. Troisième et quatrième —; channel-wale.

=précepte=, n.m., precept, rule.

=précepteur=, n.m., tutor, private tutor, preceptor, teacher, master.

=préceptoral=, =-e=, adj., preceptorial.

=préceptorat=, n.m., preceptorship, tutorship.

=précession=, n.f., (astron.) precession.

=prêche=, n.m., sermon (Protestant); Protestant church, meeting-house. Quitter le —; to cease to be a Protestant; to turn Catholic.

=prêcher=, v.a., to preach, to hold forth, to preach up, to extol, to praise, to keep telling, to repeat. — la parole de Dieu; to preach the word of God. Ne — que malheur et misère; to be always complaining of the hardness of the times. — les fidèles; to exhort the faithful. — toujours la même chose; to be always repeating the same thing. — dans le désert; to preach to empty benches; (fig.) to convince no one. Chacun prêche pour son saint; every one has an eye to his own interest, or looks after number one. — ses exploits; to extol, to boast, of one’s exploits.

=prêcher=, v.n., to preach. — d’exemple; to set the example, to practice what one preaches. — sur la vendange; to preach over one’s cups. On a beau — à qui n’a cœur de bien faire; to reprove a fool is but labor lost.

=prêcheu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., (fam.) preacher, sermonizer. Frère —; Dominican friar.

=précieuse=, n.f., conceited woman; prude; euphuist.

=précieusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., preciously, carefully; (paint.) very elaborately.

=précieu-x=, =-se=, adj., precious, costly, valuable; affected, finical, precise, over-nice. C’est un document des plus —; it is a most valuable document. Tableau d’un fini —; picture of exquisite, or elaborate, finish.

=précieux=, n.m., affectation, affectedness; affected man.

=préciosité=, n.f., (l.u.) affectation, affectedness; euphuism.

=précipice=, n.m., precipice. On l’a tiré du —; he has been rescued from destruction.

☉=précipitable=, adj., (chem.) precipitable.

=précipitamment= (-ta-mān), adv., precipitately, hurriedly, rashly, precipitously, headlong.

=précipitant=, n.m., (chem.) precipitant.

=précipitation=, n.f., precipitation, haste, hurry; (chem.) precipitation.

=précipité=, =-e=, part., precipitated, hurled; precipitate; rash, hasty, sudden. — de haut en bas; hurled headlong from top to bottom. Course —e; hasty flight. Marcher à pas —s; to walk with hurried steps. Départ —; sudden departure.

=précipité=, n.m., (chem.) precipitate.

=précipiter=, v.a., to precipitate, to throw, to hurl, to dash down; to hurry on, to hasten; to plunge; (chem.) to precipitate. — sa retraite; to hasten one’s retreat. — ses pas; to quicken one’s steps.

se =précipiter=, v.r., to precipitate one’s self; to rush forward, to dash forth; to spring forth, to dart, to hurl one’s self (down), to run. Se — sur quelqu’un; to rush upon any one.

=préciput=, n.m., preference legacy; jointure.

=précis=, n.m., summary, abstract, compendium, epitome.

=précis=, =-e=, adj., precise, distinct, exact, strict, formal, terse, concise, fixed, just. Venir à l’heure —e; to come exactly at the appointed time. Prendre des mesures —es; to take just or strict measures.

=précisément=, adv., precisely, exactly, quite, just; just so.

=préciser=, v.a., to state precisely, to specify, to fix, to determine.

=précision=, n.f., precision, preciseness.

=précité=, adj., (jur.) above-mentioned, aforesaid.

=précoce=, adj., precocious, early, forward; premature. Fruit —; early fruit. Un esprit —; a precocious mind.

=précocité=, n.f., precociousness, precocity.

=précompte=, n.m., previous deduction.

=précompter= (-kon-té), v.a., to deduct beforehand or previously.

=préconçu=, =-e=, adj., preconceived.

=préconisation=, n.f., preconization, commendation; praise.

=préconiser=, v.a., to extol, to cry up, to praise, to recommend; to preconize, to sanction the appointment of.

=préconnaissance=, n.f., foreknowledge.

=préconnaître=, v.a., to foreknow.

=précordial=, =-e=, adj., (anat.) præcordial.

=précurseur=, n.m., forerunner, precursor, harbinger, herald. adj., premonitory.

=prédécéder=, v.n., to die first, to predecease.

=prédécès=, n.m., predecease.

=prédécesseur=, n.m., predecessor.

=prédestinateur=, n.m., predestinator.

=prédestinatien= (-sî-in), n.m. and adj., predestinarian.

=prédestination=, n.f., predestination. — à la grâce; predestination to be saved.

=prédestiné=, =-e=, n. and adj., one of the elect; elect, predestinated. Avoir un visage de —; to have a happy-looking face.

=prédestiner=, v.a., to predestinate, to foredoom.

=prédéterminant=, adj., (theol.) predetermining.

=prédétermination=, n.f., predetermination.

=prédéterminer=, v.a., to predetermine.

=prédial=, =-e=, adj., predial. Des rentes —es; ground-rents.

=prédicable=, adj., (log.) predicable.

=prédicament=, n.m., (log.) predicament.

=prédicant=, n.m., (b.s.) Protestant preacher.

=prédicat=, n.m., (log., gram.) predicate.

=prédicateur=, n.m., preacher, divine, teacher.

=prédication=, n.f., preaching.

=prédiction=, n.f., prediction, forecast.

=prédilection=, n.f., predilection, partiality, preference. De —; favorite.

=prédire=, v.a., to predict, to foretell, to forebode; to presage, to forecast.

=prédisposant=, =-e=, adj., (med.) predisposing.

=prédisposer=, v.a., (med.) to predispose.

=prédisposition=, n.f., (med.) predisposition, tendency.

=prédominance=, n.f., predominance, prevalence.

=prédominant=, -e, adj., predominant, prevalent, prevailing.

=prédominer=, v.n., to predominate, to prevail.

=prééminence=, n.f., pre-eminence.

=prééminent=, =-e=, adj., pre-eminent.

=préempter=, v.a., to preempt, to buy beforehand.

=préemption=, n.f., preemption.

=préétablir=, v.a., to preestablish.

=préexistant=, =-e=, adj., pre-existent, pre-existing.

=préexistence=, n.f., pre-existence.

=préexister=, v.n., to pre-exist.

=préface=, n.f., preface, preamble, exordium, introduction.

=préfectoral=, adj., pertaining, relating to a French prefect; prefectorial.

=préfecture=, n.f., prefectship, prefecture; prefect’s house, prefect’s offices. — de police; headquarters (of the police); Scotland yard.

=préférable=, adj., preferable.

=préférablement=, adv., preferably.

=préférence=, n.f., preference. De —; in preference.

=préférer=, v.a., to prefer, to choose.

=préfet=, n.m., (Rom. antiq.) prefect; chief administrator of each department in France. — des études; vice-principal (of schools). — de police; chief commissioner of police. — maritime; naval commander-in-chief (of a district).

=préfète=, n.f., “préfet’s” wife.

=préfinir=, v.a., (jur.) to fix a term, or a delay, to limit, to prearrange, to appoint.

=préfix= (-fiks), =-e=, adj., (jur.) prefixed, appointed.

=préfixe=, n.m. and adj., (gram.) prefix; prefixed.

=préfixion=, n.f., (jur.) settled time, prefixion.

=préfloraison=, n.f., (bot.) prefloration.

=préfoliation=, n.f., (bot.) foliation, vernation.

☉=prégnation=, n.f., gestation (of animals).

=préhensible=, adv., prehensible.

=préhensile=, adj., prehensile.

=préhension=, n.f., prehension.

=préhistorique=, adj., pre-historic, pre-historical.

=préjudice=, n.m., prejudice, hurt, wrong, detriment, injury, loss, damage. Il a obtenu cela à mon —; he obtained that to my prejudice, or to my detriment. Cela vous portera —; that will be detrimental to you. Au — de; to the detriment of. Sans — de mes droits; without prejudice to my claims.

=préjudiciable=, adj., prejudicial, detrimental, injurious, hurtful.

=préjudiciaux=, adj.m.pl. Frais —; (jur.) previous costs.

=préjudiciel=, =-le=, adj., (jur.) interlocutory. Question —le; interlocutory question (to be decided previous to the principal action).

=préjudicier=, v.n., to prejudice, to do prejudice (to), to be prejudicial, to be detrimental (to), to hurt, to injure.

=préjugé=, n.m., presumption, appearance, prejudice; (jur.) precedent. Exempt de —s; free from prejudices. Homme sans —; unprejudiced man. Se défaire de ses —s d’enfance; to rid one’s self of one’s early prejudices. Dissiper les —s; to remove prejudices.

=préjuger=, v.a., to prejudge; to conjecture; to foresee, to guess (at); (jur.) to give an interlocutory judgment.

=prélart= or =prélat=, n.m., (nav.) tarpaulin.

se =prélasser=, v.r., to strut, to stalk (past), to parade, to make a great show; to loll, to lounge; to take one’s ease.

=prélat=, n.m., prelate; (nav.) V. =prélart=.

☉=prélation=, n.f., preference, prelation.

=prélature=, n.f., prelacy, episcopacy.

=prèle= or =presle=, n.f., (bot.) horsetail, shave-grass.

=prélegs= (-lè), n.m., preference, legacy.

=préléguer= (-ghé), v.a., to give as a preference-legacy.

=prèler=, v.a., to rub with horsetail.

=prélèvement= (-lèv-mān), n.m., previous deduction, levying.

=prélever= (prél-vé), v.a., to deduct, to take off first, to levy. Se —; to be deducted previously, to be levied.

=préliminaire=, n.m. and adj., preliminary.

=préliminairement=, adv., preliminarily.

=prélire=, v.a., (print.) to read a first time.

=prélude=, n.m., prelude.

=préluder=, v.n., to prelude, to flourish, to play a prelude. — à une chose par une autre; to make one thing a prelude to another.

=prématuré=, =-e=, adj., premature, untimely.

=prématurément=, adv., prematurely.

=prématurité=, n.f., prematureness, prematurity.

=préméditation=, n.f., premeditation, malice aforethought; (jur.) malice prepense. Avec —; designedly, willfully; with malice aforethought.

=prémédité=, =-e=, part., premeditated.

=préméditer=, v.a., to premeditate. Se —; to be premeditated.

=prémices=, n.f.pl., first-fruits; (fig) beginning.

=premi-er=, =-ère=, adj., first; foremost; opening; premier; chief, principal; former, ancient, old, primitive, primeval; early prime; (of materials) raw. Nos —s parents; our first parents. Les —s temps du monde; the early ages of the world. Au — abord; at first view, or sight. — en date; senior. En — lieu; in the first place. ☉—-pris; wretched-looking man. Il a l’air d’un —-pris; he looks wretched. — venu; first comer; no matter who. —-né (—s-—s) first-born. En —e; in a first-class carriage. Les —es; first tier boxes or dress-circle; first-class cabin or saloon cabin. Matière —e; raw material. Les —s vont devant; first come, first served.

=premier=, n.m., former; first; first floor; chief, head, leader. Jeune —, m., jeune —ère, f., V. =jeune=. Il demeure au —; he lives on the first floor.

=premièrement= (-mièr-mān), adv., first, firstly, in the first place.

=prémisses=, n.f.pl., (log.) premises.

=prémonitoire=, adj., (med.) premonitory.

=prémontrés=, n.m.pl., Premonstrants, a regular order of canons of Prémontré in Picardy (France).

=prémotion=, n.f., (theol.) premotion.

=prémunir=, v.a., to forewarn, to caution, to provide; to fortify, or secure, beforehand.

se =prémunir=, v.r., to provide, to be provided; to strengthen, to fortify one’s self (against). Se — contre le froid; to fortify one’s self against the cold.

=prenable=, adj., to be taken, pregnable; seizable; expugnable; corruptible.

=prenant=, =-e=, adj., receiving (of a person); having to receive money; prehensile. Queue —e; prehensile tail. Partie —e; payee.

=prendre= (prenant, pris), v.a., to take; to take up; to lay hold of; to seize; to accept; to apprehend; to fetch; to assume; to contract; to pick out; to snatch; to catch (a cold); to take root; to freeze (of rivers, etc.); to turn, to curdle (of milk); to ignite, to begin to burn; to act, to succeed; to imbibe; to call for (any one); to attack (of diseases); to collect (votes); to contract (diseases, engagements); to help one’s self to. — garde; to take heed. — parti pour quelqu’un; to take any one’s part, to side with any one. — feu; to take or catch fire. — son parti; to make up one’s mind. — les armes; to take up arms. — une ville d’assaut; to take a town by storm. — médecine; to take physic. — du tabac; to take snuff. — congé de quelqu’un; to take leave of any one. — la rue à droite; to take the street on the right. — le plus court; to go the shortest way. — les devants; to go on before. — bien son temps; to hit the time well, to choose the right moment. — naissance; to take its rise (of things). — fait et cause pour quelqu’un; to take any one’s part, to undertake any one’s defense, to side with any one. — quelqu’un sur le fait; to catch any one in the act. — exemple sur quelqu’un; to model one’s self on any one. — avis de quelqu’un; to take any one’s advice. — les avis; to collect the votes. — intérêt, — part à; to take part in, to be a party to, to be concerned in, to be a partaker of, to be interested in. — l’air; to take an airing. — bien le sens d’un auteur; to catch an author’s meaning. Vous prenez mal mes paroles; you misconstrue my words. — une chose en bonne part; to take a thing well, in good part. — les choses de travers; to take things amiss, the wrong way. — bien, or mal, une affaire; to go the right, or the wrong, way to work in anything. — sur son sommeil; to encroach upon one’s sleep. — les choses comme elles viennent; to take things as they come. — l’occasion aux cheveux; to take time by the forelock. — pour dit; to take for granted. À tout —; upon the whole, in the main. — le chemin de l’hôpital; to be on the high road to ruin. Ne savoir pas — quelqu’un; not to know how to deal with any one. Il en a pris sa bonne part; he has had his fair share of it. Il m’a pris en amitié; he has taken a liking to me. Je vous y prends; now I have caught you (at it). Ça ne prend pas; (fam.) that’s no go; it doesn’t catch on. Si la curiosité me prend d’y aller; if curiosity prompts, or impels, me to go there. L’envie lui prit d’y aller; he took a sudden fancy to go (there). Il prend beaucoup sur lui; he assumes much, he takes much upon himself. Cela prend forme; that is beginning to take shape. Je sors d’en —; (fam.) I’d rather be excused; I have just had one (i.e., a drink), or just bought some (of things). Qu’est-ce qui vous prend? what’s up now? C’est autant de pris sur l’ennemi; it is so much snatched from the fire. Ce qui est bon à — est bon à rendre; what is worth taking is worth keeping. Bien lui en prit; it was lucky for him he did. — terre; (nav.) to land. — le vent; (nav.) to sail near the wind. — le large; (nav.) to stand out to sea, to cross the bar.

se =prendre=, v.r., to be taken, to be caught; to catch, to cling; to freeze, to congeal (of liquids); to begin; to go to work. Le sirop se prendra bientôt; the syrup will soon coagulate, or set. Se — à pleurer; to begin to cry. Se bien — à une chose; to go the right way to work. De la manière dont il s’y prend; by the way he goes to work. Se — d’amitié pour quelqu’un; to take a liking to any one. Se — de paroles avec quelqu’un; to have high words with any one. S’en — à; to blame, to lay the blame on. S’en — à quelqu’un; to lay the blame at any one’s door. Se — de vin; to get tipsy. Prenez-vous en à vous-même; you have only yourself to thank for it.

=prendre=, v.n., to take, to turn; to take root; to congeal, to freeze; to succeed; to burn up, to begin to burn; to curdle (of milk). Il lui en prendra mal; it will be the worse for him. Il lui prit une fièvre; he was attacked by fever. La Seine a pris cet hiver là; the Seine was frozen over that winter.

=prendre=, n.m., act of taking. Au fait et au —; at the scratch, when it comes to the scratch.

=preneu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., taker; lessee; (of animals) catcher; (com.) purchaser, buyer.

=preneur=, adj.m., catching, capturing; (nav.) that takes a prize.

=prénom= (-non), n.m., Christian name; prenomen.

=prénommé=, =-e=, adj.part., above-named, aforesaid.

=prénommer=, v.a., to prenominate, to forename.

=prénotion=, n.f., prenotion, surmise, conjecture.

=préoccupation=, n.f., preoccupation, prepossession of the mind; thought; anxiety; prejudice.

=préoccupé=, =-e=, part., preoccupied, absorbed; prejudiced, biased; thoughtful, anxious.

=préoccuper=, v.a., to engross, to engage, to preoccupy the mind, to prepossess, to prejudice, to bias; to absorb, to trouble.

=préopinant=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., previous speaker; last speaker.

=préopiner=, v.n., to vote before another, to express one’s opinion first.

=préordination=, n.f., preordination.

=préordonner=, v.a., to preordain, to predetermine.

=préparant=, adj., (anat.) spermatic. Vaisseaux —s; spermatic duct.

=préparateur=, n.m., preparer, dresser; assistant; private tutor, crammer.

=préparatif=, n.m., preparation. —s de guerre, de voyage; war preparations, preparations for a journey.

=préparation=, n.f., preparation. — chimique; chemical preparation. Sans —; extempore.

=préparatoire=, n.m. and adj., preparative, preliminary, preparatory.

=préparer=, v.a., to prepare, to dispose, to fit; to provide; to make ready; to dress; (agri.) to till; (fig.) to break (news) to. — les voies à quelqu’un; to pave the way for any one.

se =préparer=, v.r., to prepare for one’s self, to prépare one’s self, to get ready. Se — pour un voyage; to get ready for a journey. Se — au combat; to prepare for battle. Préparez-vous à le recevoir; prepare to meet him. Voilà un orage qui se prépare; there is a storm brewing.

=prépondérance=, n.f., preponderance, sway.

=prépondérant=, =-e=, adj., preponderant, prevailing; convincing. Voix —e; casting-vote.

=préposé=, n.m., custom, or excise, officer; overseer, superintendent.

=préposer=, v.a., to set (over), to charge (with), to intrust (to); to appoint, to commit; to put forward, to set up; to depute.

=prépositi-f=, =-ve=, adj., (gram.) prepositive.

=préposition=, n.f., (gram.) preposition.

=prépuce=, n.m., prepuce, foreskin.

=prérogative=, n.f., prerogative, privilege; attribute.

=près=, prep., by, near, nigh, close to, hard by, nearly; almost, about; on the point; in comparison. S’asseoir — de quelqu’un; to sit by any one. Il demeure ici —; he lives close by. De —; close, near; closely, intimately. Combattre de —; to fight hand to hand. Suivre de —; to follow on the heels of. À cela —; save that, with that exception; nevertheless, for all that. A beaucoup —; by a great deal, nothing near. Tout —; very near. À peu —; pretty near, nearly so, thereabouts. À peu de chose —; within a trifle. Au plus —; to the nearest place; (nav.) close to the wind. De — et de loin; far and nigh.

=présage=, n.m., presage, omen, foreboding. Un oiseau de sinistre —; a bird of evil omen.

=présager=, v.a., to presage, to forebode, to portend, to conjecture.

se =présager=, v.r., to be foreboded, to be presaged.

=pré-salé=, n.m.,(—s-—s) salt-marsh-fed (mutton).

=presbyopie=, n.f., (opt.) presbyopy, presbyopia, far-sightedness, long sight.

=presbyte=, n.m.f. and adj., presbyte; far-sighted person; presbyopic; long-sighted. Vue —; long sight.

=presbytéral=, =-e=, adj., priestly. Maison —e; parsonage, vicarage.

=presbytéranisme=, n.m. V. =presbytérianisme=.

=presbytère=, n.m., parsonage, parsonage-house, vicarage; ☉presbytery.

=presbytérianisme=, n.m., presbyterianism.

=presbytérien=, =-ne= (-ri-in, -ri-èn), n. and adj., presbyterian.

=presbytie= (-ci), n.f., (opt.) presbyopy, far- or long-sightedness, presbyopia.

=prescience=, n.f., prescience, foreknowledge, foresight.

=prescriptible=, adj., prescriptible.

=prescription=, n.f., (jur.) limitation; prescription, precept. Interruption de la —; (jur.) bar to a limitation. Etabli par —; prescriptive. Se perdre par —; (jur.) to be lost by limitation. —s médicales; medical prescriptions.

=prescrire=, v.a., to prescribe, to direct, to order, to enjoin, to set; (jur.) to bar. — des lois; to prescribe laws. — un régime; to prescribe a diet.

se =prescrire=, v.r., to prescribe to one’s self, to be prescribed; (jur.) to be lost by limitation.

=prescrire=, v.n., to bar by limitation.

=préséance= (pré-séans), n.f., precedence. Avoir la — sur; to take precedence of.

=présence=, n.f., presence, attendance, sight, view. Faire acte de —; to put in an appearance. Mettre en —; to bring face to face. En — de; in presence of, in view of. En ma —; before me. Deux armées en —; two armies facing each other. — d’esprit; presence of mind.

=présent=, n.m., present, present time; present, gift; (gram.) present, present tense. Donner en —; to give as a present. Faire — de; to make a present of. Dès à —; from this time. À —; at present. Pour le —; for the present, for the nonce. Jusqu’à —; till now.

=présent=, =-e=, adj., present! here! Être —; to be present, to stand by.

=présentable=, adj., presentable, fit to be seen.

=présentat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., presenter (to benefices); introducer.

=présentation=, n.f., presentation, presentment, introduction. À —; (com.) on presentation, on demand. En retard de —; (com.) overdue.

=présente=, n.f., present letter. pl., (jur.) presents.

=présentement= (-zant-mān), adv., now, at present.

=présenter=, v.a., to present, to offer, to hold out, to show, to turn, to expose, to bring forward, to introduce. — ses lettres de créance; to present one’s credentials. — les armes; to present arms. — une personne à une autre; to introduce one person to another. — à quelqu’un ses respects; to pay one’s respects to any one.

se =présenter=, v.r., to present one’s self, to appear, to come forward, to offer one’s self, to offer itself; to occur. Il s’est présenté à moi; he presented himself before me. Cet homme se présente bien; that man has a good address. La chose se présente bien; the thing looks well, or promises well. Il se présenta une difficulté; a difficulty occurred, or arose.

=présenter=, v.n., (nav.) to stem. — au vent; to head to the wind.

=présenteur=, n.m., (l.u.) presenter.

=préservat-eur=, =-rice=, adj., preservative. n.m. and f., preserver.

=préservati-f=, =-ve=, adj., preservative.

=préservatif=, n.m., preservative.

=préservation=, n.f., preservation.

=préserver=, v.a., to preserve, to defend, to keep. Le ciel m’en préserve! heaven forbid!

se =préserver=, v.r., to preserve one’s self, to guard against, to keep off. Se — d’une maladie; to stall off a disease.

=présidence=, n.f., presidency, chairmanship.

=président=, n.m., president, chairman; presiding judge; speaker (of the House of Commons). — d’âge; president by seniority.

=présidente=, n.f., lady president; president’s wife.

=présider=, v.a., to preside, to preside (over), to be president (of), to be chairman (of). — une réunion; to preside over a meeting.

=présider=, v.n., to preside, to be president or chairman; to be in the chair; to direct. — à une assemblée; to preside over an assembly. — à la direction d’un ouvrage; to have the management of a work.

=présides=, n.m.pl., Spanish penal colonies.

=présompti-f=, =-ve=, adj., presumptive, apparent, presumed (of heirs). Héritier —; heir-apparent.

=présomption=, n.f., presumption, presumptuousness, self-conceit.

=présomptueusement= (-eûz-mān), adv., presumptuously.

=présomptueu-x=, =-se=, adj., n., presumptuous, presuming, self-conceited. Jeune —! presumptuous youth!

=presque=, adv., almost, nearly, all but. Un ouvrage — achevé; a work nearly finished. Je ne l’ai — pas vu; I scarcely saw him at all. — jamais; hardly ever. — plus de; scarcely any left. — rien; hardly anything.

=presqu’île=, n.f., (—-—s) peninsula.

☉=presqu’ombre=, n.f. V. =pénombre=.

=pressage=, n.m., pressing.

=pressamment= (-sa-mān), adv., pressingly, earnestly, urgently.

=pressant=, =-e=, adj., pressing, urgent, earnest, importunate, vigorous; acute (of pain).

=presse=, n.f., press (newspapers, machine); printing-press, haste, hurry; pressure, crowd, throng; impress (forcing men into the service); press-gang; urgency; (bot.) a clingstone peach. — à copier; copying-machine. — d’imprimerie; printing-press. — à satiner; hot-press, cold-press. Fendre la —; to force one’s way through the crowd. Cet ouvrage est sous —; this work is in the press. Mettre sous —; to send to press, to go to press. Il n’y a pas de —; there’s no hurry. Il n’y a pas —; there’s no crowd.

=pressé=, =-e=, adj., in haste, in a hurry; urgent, immediate; eager, anxious, very busy; close, serried, thick; condensed, brief, concise. Vous êtes bien —; you are in a great hurry. Cela n’est pas —; there’s no hurry for that. Je suis très —; I am very busy.

=pressée=, n.f., pressful; pressing, pressure.

=pressement=, n.m., pressing, compression.

=pressément=, adv., (l.u.) hurriedly, hastily.

=pressentiment=, n.m., presentiment, misgiving, foreboding.

=pressentir=, v.a., to have a presentiment of; to foresee, to anticipate; to ascertain the intentions of; to sound. — quelqu’un; to sound any one. Il faut le —; we must sound him. Se —; to be foreseen.

=presse-papiers=, n.m., (—) paper-weight.

=presser=, v.a., to press, to squeeze, to clasp; to pull (trigger); to crowd, to throng; to hasten, to hurry; to urge, to be pressing with, to importune; to be hard upon; to exaggerate; to impress (sailors). — une éponge; to squeeze a sponge. On pressa si fort les ennemis; they pressed so hard upon the enemy. — vivement un siège; to carry on a siege vigorously. — une entreprise; to push an enterprise with vigor. Il pressa son départ; he hastened his departure. — la détente; to pull the trigger.

se =presser=, v.r., to press, to press close, to squeeze; to crowd; to be in a hurry, to make haste, to hurry. Se — de faire une chose; to make haste to do a thing. Pressons-nous; let us make haste.

=presser=, v.n., to be urgent; to be acute (of pain). Rien ne presse, or il n’y a rien qui presse; there is no hurry.

=presseur=, n.m., presser.

=pressier=, n.m., (print.) pressman.

=pression=, n.f., pressure, pressing. Machine à vapeur à haute —, à moyenne —, à basse —; steam-engine of high pressure, of mean pressure, of low pressure.

=pressis=, n.m., (l.u.) gravy, juice.

=pressoir=, n.m., press; press-room; wine-press, cider-press; press-house.

=pressurage=, n.m., (of fruit) pressing.

=pressurer=, v.a., to press (grapes or apples); to squeeze; to grind down, to oppress. — une orange; to squeeze an orange. — la bourse de quelqu’un; to drain any one’s purse. Il ne songe qu’à vous —; his only thought is to drain you of money.

=pressureur=, n.m., presser (of fruit).

=prestance=, n.f., commanding appearance, bearing, carriage, deportment; good presence.

=prestant=, n.m., diapason (of an organ).

=prestation=, n.f., taking (of an oath); prestation (payment in kind).

=preste=, adj., agile, nimble, quick, smart, sharp. C’est un homme — et habile; he is a clever, smart fellow.

=preste=, adv., presto, quick, sharp.

=prestement=, adv., nimbly, quickly.

=prestesse=, adv., agility, quickness, nimbleness.

=prestidigitateur=, n.m., conjurer, juggler.

=prestidigitation=, n.f., jugglery, legerdemain.

=prestige=, n.m., enchantment, fascination; deception, illusion; magic spell; prestige.

=prestigieu-x=, =-se=, adj., enchanting, bewitching, illusive.

=prestimonie=, n.f., (canon law) prestimony.

=presto=, adv., (mus.) presto.

=prestolet=, n.m., priestling.

=présumable=, adj., presumable, supposable.

=présumé=, part. adj., presumed, supposed, conjectured, reputed.

=présumer=, v.a., to presume, to conjecture, to suppose. — trop de quelqu’un; to presume too much upon any one. — trop de soi; to be too assuming. Il est à —; it is to be supposed.

=présupposer= (-su-pô-zé), v.a., to presuppose.

=présupposition=, n.m., presupposition.

=présure=, n.f., rennet (for curdling milk).

=prêt=, n.m., loan; (milit.) advance-pay.

=prêt=, =-e=, adj., ready, in readiness, prepared, willing. Tenir —; to keep ready. Tenez-vous — à partir; be ready to start.

=prêtable=, adj., lendable.

=pretantaine=, n.f. Courir la —; to gad about.

=prêté=, =-e=, part., lent.

=prêté=, n.m., (l.u.) thing lent. C’est un — rendu; it is but tit for tat.

=prétendant=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., claimant, candidate; suitor, wooer; pretender (to the throne).

=prétendre=, v.a., to claim, to lay claim to, to pretend to. Que prétendent ces misérables? what do these wretches lay claim to, or mean?

=prétendre=, v.n., to lay claim to; to pretend, to mean; to maintain. Je prétends que mon droit est incontestable; I maintain that my claim is incontestable. Je prétends vous traiter comme mon propre fils (Racine); I mean (intend) to treat you as my own son.

=prétendu=, =-e=, adj., pretended, feigned, sham, so-called; said to be, would be. C’est un — bel esprit; he is a would-be wit.

=prétendu=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., intended, future husband, future wife. Voilà mon —; that is my intended.

=prête-nom=, n.m., (—-—s) one that lends his name to another; dummy.

=pretentaine=, n.f. V. =pretantaine=.

=prétentieu-x=, =-se=, adj., assuming, pretentious, affected, stilted (of style).

=prétention=, n.f., pretension, claim, intention, wish, expectation. Venir à bout de ses —s; to make good one’s claims. Sa — est mal fondée; his demand is groundless. Il a des —s à l’esprit; he thinks he is, or claims to be, witty. C’est un homme sans —s; he is a man of no pretensions. Se désister d’une —; to relinquish a claim.

=prêter=, v.a., to lend, to impart, to give rise to, to attribute, to ascribe, to father; to take (oath). — de l’argent à intérêt; to lend money on interest. — secours; to lend a helping hand. — main-forte à quelqu’un; to assist any one, to come to any one’s assistance. — l’oreille; to give ear (to), to listen. — serment; to take the oath. — foi et hommage; to take an oath of allegiance. — le collet à quelqu’un; to try one’s strength with any one. — le flanc; to expose one’s self. — à la petite semaine; to make short loans at a high rate of interest.

se =prêter=, v.r., to give way (to); to lend one’s self, or itself (to); to indulge; to humor; to countenance, to favor.

=prêter=, v.n., to lend; to give a hold to; to afford matter for; to stretch (of a thing). Ce cuir-là prête comme un gant; that leather stretches like a glove. Donner un prêté pour un rendu; to give a Roland for an Oliver.

=prêter=, n.m., loan. C’est un — à ne jamais rendre; it is a loan never to be repaid.

=prétérit= (-rit), n.m., (gram.) preterit.

=prétérition=, n.f., (rhet.) preterition; pretermission.

=prétermission=, n.f. V. =prétérition=.

=prêteu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., lender. — sur gages; pawnbroker. adj., given to lending, of a lending disposition.

=préteur=, n.m., (antiq.) pretor, prætor.

=prétexte=, n.m., pretext, pretense; plea. — spécieux; plausible pretense. Faux —; false pretense. Sous — de le secourir; under pretense of assisting him.

=prétexte=, n. and adj. f., (Rom. antiq.) prætexta, tunic.

=prétexter=, v.a., to pretend, to feign, to affect, to sham; to allege, to plead.

=pretintaille=, n.f., furbelow; (fig.) accessory, appendage, incidental profit.

=pretintailler=, v.a., to tinsel, to trim (a dress).

=prétoire=, n.m., (antiq.) pretorium.

=prétorien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), adj., (antiq.) pretorian.

=prétorien=, n.m., (antiq.) pretorian guard.

*=prêtraille=, n.f., (b.s.) priesthood; parsons.

=prêtre=, n.m., priest, clergyman; parson. Il s’est fait —; he has taken orders. — habitué; an unpaid supernumerary priest. Grand —; high priest.

=prêtresse=, n.f., priestess.

=prêtrise=, n.f., priesthood.

=préture=, n.f., pretorship.

=preuve=, n.f., proof, evidence, testimony, token, mark; (com.) proof-sample; proof (of spirits). En venir à la —; to come to the proof. Faire — de noblesse; to give proof of nobility; to uphold the honor of one’s house. Il a fait ses —s; he has given proofs of his capacity. Faire — de courage; to show, or approve, one’s self a man of courage. Servir de —; to serve as a proof. —s induites des circonstances; (jur.) circumstantial evidence.

=preux=, n. and adj. m., valiant knight, gallant knight; worthy; gallant, doughty, valiant, stout, worthy.

=prévaloir=, v.n., to prevail, to stand. La faveur prévaut souvent sur le mérite; favor frequently prevails over merit.

se =prévaloir=, v.r., to take advantage, to avail one’s self; to boast of, to pride one’s self upon; to glory in. Se — de sa naissance; to take advantage of, or to glory in, one’s birth.

=prévaricateur=, n.m., prevaricator; betrayer of any one’s trust.

=prévaricat-eur=, =-rice=, adj., prevaricating.

=prévarication=, n.f., prevarication; breach of trust.

=prévariquer=, v.n., to prevaricate, to betray one’s trust.

=prévenance= (pré-vnans), n.f., kindness, kind attention.

=prévenant=, =-e=, adj., prepossessing; engaging; ready to oblige, attentive, obliging, kind. Il a un air —; he has a prepossessing look.

=prévenir= (pré-vnir), v.a., to go before, to precede, to come before, to be beforehand with, to get the start of, to anticipate; to forestall; to prevent, to hinder; to prepossess, to prejudice; to predispose, to bias, to inform, to warn; to caution, to give notice; to let know. — le mal; to prevent evil. — les objections; to forestall objections. — les besoins de quelqu’un; to anticipate any one’s wants. Il m’a fait — de son arrivée; he sent to tell me of his arrival. On vous en avait prévenu; you had had information of it or you had been informed of it.

se =prévenir=, v.r., to be prepossessed; to be prejudiced, to anticipate each other. Se — en faveur de quelqu’un; to take a liking to any one.

=préventi-f=, =-ve=, adj., preventive.

=prévention=, n.f., prepossession, prejudice, bias; suspicion, presumption; prevention; accusation; (jur.) prosecution; (jur.) commitment. Donner des —s contre soi; to raise prejudices against one’s self. Vaincre les —s de quelqu’un; to overcome any one’s prejudices. Etat de —; (jur.) commitment. Être en état de —; (jur.) to be committed for trial.

=préventivement=, adv., by way of prevention; (jur.) while awaiting trial, on suspicion.

=prévenu=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., (jur.) prisoner (before trial), the accused, the prisoner (at the bar).

=prévision=, n.f., prevision; forecast; foreknowledge; conjecture.

=prévoir=, v.a., to foresee; to conjecture; to expect, to anticipate, to provide (for or against); to meet. Il faut tout —; we must provide against everything, against all eventualities.

=prévôt=, n.m., provost; (nav.) marshal. Grand —, grand — de l’armée; (milit.) provost-marshal. — de salle d’armes; fencing-master’s assistant. — des marchands; (old) mayor of Paris.

=prévôtal=, =-e=, adj., relating, pertaining to a provost.

=prévôtalement= (-tal-mān), adv., by a provost-court.

=prévôté=, n.f., provostship.

=prévoyance=, n.f., foresight, forethought, prudence, caution. Rien n’échappe à sa —; nothing escapes his foresight.

=prévoyant=, =-e=, adj., provident, prudent, careful, cautious.

=priapée=, n.f., obscene picture; obscene poem.

=priapisme=, n.m., (med.) priapism.

=prié=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., person invited, guest.

=prie-dieu=, n.m., (—) praying-desk; devotion-chair; faldstool.

=prier=, v.a. and n., to pray; to entreat, to beseech, to call upon, to beg (of), to implore, to supplicate, to request; to invite, to bid. — quelqu’un d’une grâce; to request a favor of any one. Il m’a prié de l’accompagner; he begged of me to accompany him. On m’a prié de le faire; I have been requested to do it. Je vous en prie; I beg of you. — à dîner; to invite to dinner. — de dîner; to press any one to stay to dinner. Se faire — or aimer à se faire —; to require pressing.

=prière=, n.f., prayer, suit, request, entreaty, desire, invitation; petition. Instante —; earnest prayer. Faire une — à quelqu’un; to make a request to any one. Être en —; to be at prayers. Faire une chose à la — de quelqu’un; to do a thing at any one’s request, at any one’s entreaty. Dire ses —s, faire sa —, faire ses —s; to say one’s prayers. — de faire renvoyer la lettre! will you kindly send back the letter!

=prieur=, n.m., prior (superior of a convent).

=prieure=, n.f., prioress.

=prieuré=, n.m., priory.

=prima donna=, n.f., (prime donne) the chief singer (in an opera).

=primage=, n.m., (com.) primage (allowance paid to the captain of a ship).

=primaire=, adj., primary. Ecole —; elementary school.

=primat=, n.m., primate, metropolitan.

=primatial=, =-e= (-ci-al), adj., primatial, primatical.

=primatie= (-ma-cî), n.f., primacy, primateship.

=primauté=, n.f., primacy, supremacy, priority; preeminence; the lead (at cards, dice). Gagner quelqu’un de —; to anticipate any one, to be beforehand with any one.

=prime=, adj., (alg.) accented. b’, b —; b’, b accented.

=prime=, n.f., premium, bounty; bonus, prize; (c.rel.) prime (first canonical hour succeeding lauds); (fenc.) prime; primero (card game); (com.) prime wool; (jewelry) pebble; (exchange language) agio; (customs) drawback. A —; at a premium. Réponse des —s; (com.) option.

de =prime abord=, adv., at first.

de =prime face=, adv., at first, prima facie.

=primer=, v.n., to play first, to lead (at play); to take the lead, to beat, to override, to excel, to surpass; to go before everything. Il prime en tout; he excels in everything. Les affaires priment tout; business before everything else.

=primer=, v.a., to surpass, to excel; to go before everything; to give a prize (at an agricultural show). Il prime tous les autres; he excels all the others.

=de prime-saut=, adv., suddenly; off-hand, spontaneously; all at once, at the first effort.

=prime-sauti-er=, =-ère=, adj., quick (of thought), ready-witted; impulsive, off-handed; thoughtless, inconsiderate, heedless. Les Français ont, en général, l’esprit —; the French are, in general, ready-witted.

=primeur=, n.f., first of the season (of vegetables, fruit, flowers, wine); early fruit; early vegetables; early flower; early sentiment, first love; freshness, bloom; earliest communication. Les fruits sont chers dans la —; fruit is dear in the early part of the season, fruit is dear when it first comes in. Certains vins ne sont pas bons dans la —; certain wines are not good when they are new. Servir à table un plat de —s; to serve up a dish of early vegetables. Je vous en donnerai la —; you will be the first to get the news.

=primevère=, n.f., primrose, cowslip, oxlip.

=primicériat=, n.m., dignity, office of primicerius, dean (in some churches).

=primicier=, n.m., local dean.

=primidi=, n.m., Primidi (first day of the decade in the calendar of the first French republic).

=primipare=, adj., primiparous.

=primiti-f=, =-ve=, adj., primitive, primeval, primogenial, original; native, aboriginal; (gram.) primitive, original.

=primitif=, n.m., (gram.) primitive.

=primitivement= (-tiv-mān), adv., primitively, originally.

=primitivité=, n.f., primitiveness.

=primo=, adv., firstly, first, in the first place.

=primogéniture=, n.f., primogeniture.

=primordial=, =-e=, adj., primordial.

=primordialement= (-al-mān), adv., primordially.

=primulacées=, n.f.pl., (bot.) primulaceæ.

=prince=, n.m., prince. — royal; crown prince. Être bon —; (fam.) to be a good fellow (easy-going, good-natured). Vivre en —; to live like a prince. Dîner de —; princely dinner.

=princeps= (-sèps), adj. invariable, (print.) earliest, first, original (edition).

=princerie= (prin-srî), n.f., (local) deanery.

=princesse=, n.f., princess. Oui, ma —; (fam.) yes, my charmer.

=princi-er=, =-ère=, adj., princely, like a prince.

=princier=, n.m., primicerius, first dignitary. V. =primicier=.

=principal=, =-e=, adj., principal, chief, main; leading, capital, senior, superior; (astron.) primary.

=principal=, n.m., principal, chief thing, principal point, chief point, material point; principal, capital (money); principal, head-master; (jur.) principal cause of action. Pour vous, le — est que vous ayez soin de votre santé; the main thing for you is to take care of your health. Payer le — et l’intérêt; to pay both principal and interest.

=principalat=, n.m., head-mastership, principalship.

=principalement= (-pal-mān), adv., principally, chiefly.

☉=principalité=, n.f. V. =principalat=.

=principat=, n.m., princedom.

=principauté=, n.f., principality, princedom.

=principe=, n.m., beginning, source, outset, origin, motive, cause, principle. pl., principles, rudiments. Dès le —; from the very origin. Etablir, poser, un —; to establish, to lay down, a principle. Partir d’un —; to start from a principle. Homme sans —s; unprincipled man. L’amour-propre est le — de presque toutes nos actions; self-love is the motive of almost all our actions.

=principion=, =principule=, n.m., petty prince, princelet.

=printani-er=, =-ère=, adj., spring, spring-like, vernal; youthful; early. Fleurs —ères; spring-flowers; cowslips. Etoffes —ères; spring materials, or stuffs; spring goods. Potage —; spring-soup (with early vegetables).

=printemps= (-tān), n.m., spring, spring-time; prime, bloom. Le — de la vie; the morning of life. Dans le — de sa vie; in the prime of one’s days. Au — de ses jours; in the bloom of one’s youth.

à =priori=, adv., à priori (i.e. from what precedes).

=priorité=, n.f., priority.

=pris=, =-e=, part., taken, caught, seized, congealed, curdled, frozen, frozen over; stuffed up (of the nose). Homme bien — dans sa taille; well-set man. Cet homme est — de vin; that man is the worse for liquor. La rivière a — dans la nuit; the river was frozen over in the night. — dans les glaces; ice-bound.

=prisable=, adj., estimable, valuable.

=prise=, n.f., taking, capture; prize; hold, handle, purchase; quarrel; dose; pinch. pl., fighting, close quarters. La — d’une ville; the taking of a town. — de possession; taking possession. — de possession d’un bénéfice; induction to a living. — d’habit; (c.rel.) taking the habit, or the veil. Décret de — de corps; writ of arrest. Part de —; prize-money. Amariner une —; to man a prize. Être de bonne —; to be a lawful prize. Lâcher —; to let go one’s hold. Donner — à la critique; to lay one’s self open to criticism, to expose one’s self to criticism, to afford matter for criticism. Donner — sur soi à son ennemi; to give one’s enemy a hold over one. — de tabac; pinch of snuff. En venir aux —s; to grapple with one another, to come to blows. Les deux chiens sont aux —s; the two dogs are fighting. Être aux —s avec la mauvaise fortune; to be struggling with, or against, adversity. Être aux —s avec la mort; to be on the point of death, or at death’s door; to be in great danger. Mettre aux —s; to set (together) by the ears.