Heath's French and English dictionary (part 4 of 19)

Heath's French and English dictionary (part 4 of 19)

=écrasage=, n.m., crushing; bruising.

=écrasant=, =-e=, adj., crushing; humiliating; exorbitant, excessive; overwhelming; ruinous.

=écrasé=, =-e=, part., crushed, ruined. Nez —; flat nose. Taille —e; squat figure (pers.).

=écrasement= (é-krâz-mān), n.m., crushing; crush; bruising; squashing; overwhelming; destruction, ruin.

=écraser=, v.a., to crush; to bruise; to weigh down, to overburden, to overwhelm; to bear down; to run over; to ruin; to squash. — des groseilles; to squash gooseberries. J’ai manqué d’être écrasé par un carrosse; I was near being run over by a coach. Être écrasé de travail; to be overwhelmed with work. — d’impôts; to overburden with taxes. — ses rivaux; to crush one’s rivals.

=écraseur=, n.m., crusher, bruiser; steam-roller.

=écrelet=, n.m., gingerbread, nut.

=écrémer=, v.a., to take off the cream, to skim; to take the best of.

=écrémoire=, n.f., skimmer; milk-skimmer.

=écrêter=, v.a., to sweep off the top of a work, to dismantle with shot; to cut off the comb of a cock.

=écrevisse=, n.f., crayfish; (astron.) Cancer. Une — de mer; a crawfish. Rouge comme une —; as red as a boiled lobster.

s’=écrier=, v.r., to cry out, to exclaim. V. s’=exclamer=.

*=écrille=, n.f., grate (of a fish-pond).

=écrin=, n.m., casket, jewel-box or case.

=écrire= (écrivant, écrit), v.a., to write; to spell; to pen, to set down, to write word; to write to ask. — quelque chose sur un registre; to enter anything in a register. Papier à —; writing-paper. — que; to write to say that, to state that.

s’=écrire=, v.r., to sign one’s self, to write one’s name; to be written, to be spelled; to write to each other.

=écrit=, n.m., writing, written agreement; pamphlet. Mot d’—; short note; line; word. Mettre, coucher, par —; to set anything down in writing.

=écrit=, =-e=, part., writ, written, fated. Cela était — au ciel; that was written above. Il est — que je ne gagnerai jamais; I am fated never to win. C’était —; it was bound to happen.

=écriteau=, n.m., bill (poster); board; signboard.

=écritoire=, n.f., ink-horn; inkstand. — portative; pocket inkstand.

=écriture=, n.f., writing, hand, handwriting; scripture. pl., accounts, papers, documents, lawyer’s bills. — coulée; secretary-hand, running-hand. Mauvaise —; scrawl. L’Ecriture sainte; the Holy Scriptures, the Bible. Commis aux —s; copying clerk.

=écriturer=, v.n., to do copying work.

=écriturier=, =ère=, n.m.f., copying-clerk, copyist.

*=écrivailler=, v.a., to scribble.

*=écrivaillerie=, n.f., scribbling.

*=écrivailleur=, n.m. V. =écrivassier=.

*=écrivain=, n.m., writer, author; writing-master; captain’s clerk. — public; public scrivener, petition writer.

=écrivassier=, n.m., (in the Channel Isles) solicitor; scrivener.

=écriveu-r=, =-se=, adj., fond of or always writing, scribbling.

=écrou=, n.m., screw nut; female screw; jail- or gaol-entry. Livre, registre, d’—; jail- or gaol-book.

=écrouelle=, n.f., freshwater shrimp.

=écrouelles=, n.f.pl., king’s evil, scrofula.

=écrouelleu-x=, =-se=, adj. and n., scrofulous; person affected with the king’s evil.

=écrouer=, v.a., to enter in the jail- or gaol-book; to imprison; to lock up.

=écroues=, n.f.pl., bills of expense of the royal kitchen.

=écrouir=, v.a., to hard-hammer (metal).

=écrouissement=, =écrouissage=, n.m., hammer-hardening.

=écroulé=, =-e=, part., fallen down, overthrown. Un mur —; a fallen wall. Un empire —; an overthrown empire.

=écroulement= (é-krool-mān), n.m., falling in, falling down, crumbling down; wreck, ruin.

s’=écrouler=, v.r., to fall in, to fall down, to fall to pieces; to break down; to collapse; to perish. Cet édifice vint à s’—; that building fell down. La terre s’écroula; the ground gave way. Faire s’—; to pull or bring down.

=écroûter=, v.a., to cut off the crust. S’—; to lose its crust (of bread).

=écru=, =-e=, adj., unbleached, raw. Fil —, soie —e; raw thread, raw silk. Toile —e; brown holland.

=écrues=, n.f.pl., wood of new and spontaneous growth.

=ectropion=, n.m., (med.) eversion of the eyelids.

☉=ectype=, n.f., ectype.

=écu=, n.m., shield; ☉crown, an obsolete French coin; ☉half a crown; money, cash; copy-paper. Amasser des —s; to hoard up money. C’est le père aux —s; he is a moneyed man.

=écuage=, n.m., scutage, land-tax.

=écubier=, n.m., (nav.) hawse-hole.

*=écueil= (ékeu-i), n.m., reef, rock; sand-bank; breaker; peril, danger; obstacle; stumbling-block. Donner sur un —; to strike against a rock. Le monde est plein d’—s; the world is full of dangers.

=écuelle=, n.f., porringer, bowl, basin. Laver les —s; to wash the dishes. Des lavures d’—s; dish-water, hog-wash. Être propre comme une — de chat; to be filthy, very dirty.

=écuellée=, n.f., porringer-full, bowl-full.

=écuisser=, v.a., to thin (trees at the foot).

=éculer=, v.a., to tread down at heel.

s’=éculer=, v.r., to wear down at the heel.

=écumage=, n.m., skimming, scumming.

=écumant=, =-e=, adj., foaming; frothy, seething.

=écume=, n.f., froth, foam; scum, dross; dregs; slag; lather. L’— de la mer; the foam of the sea. L’— de certains métaux; the dross of certain metals. L’— d’un cheval; the foam of a horse. Jeter de l’—; to foam. — de mer; white talc; meerschaum; sea-ware.

=écuménicité=, n.f. V. =œcuménicité=.

=écuménique=, adj. V. =œcuménique=.

=écuméniquement=, adv. V. =œcuméniquement=.

=écumer=, v.n., to foam, to froth. La mer écume; the sea foams. Il écumait de rage; he was foaming with rage.

=écumer=, v.a., to skim; to pick up; to gather, to collect, rake up. — le pot; to skim the pot. — les marmites; to be a sponger. — les mers; to scour the seas.

=écumeur=, n.m., skimmer, collector; parasite, plagiarist. — de marmites; sponger, hanger-on. — de mer; sea-robber, sea-rover.

=écumeu-x=, =-se=, adj., frothy, foaming.

=écumoire=, n.f., skimmer, scummer.

=écurage=, n.m., scouring, cleaning.

=écurer=, v.a., to scour, to cleanse. — de la vaisselle; to scour dishes.

*=écureuil=, n.m., squirrel.

=écureu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., scourer of kitchen utensils. — de puits; well-cleanser.

=écurie=, n.f., stable; stabling; mews; stud; equipage. Valet d’—; stable-boy, groom, ostler.

=écusson=, n.m., escutcheon; shield, coat of arms; (arch.) knob; (hort., nav.) escutcheon.

=écussonner=, v.a., (hort.) to bud.

=écussonnoir=, n.m., (hort.) budding-knife.

=écuyer=, n.m., esquire, squire; equerry; riding-master; rider; wall hand-rail (of a staircase). Il est bon —; he is a good horseman. — tranchant; carver. — de cuisine; head cook; house-steward. Grand —; master of the horse.

=écuyère=, n.f., horsewoman, female equestrian performer. À l’—; in riding fashion. Bottes à l’—; top boots, riding boots.

=eczéma=, n.m., (n.p.) (med.) eczema.

=edda=, n.f., (—s) edda.

=éden= (é-dè-n), n.m., Eden.

=édenté=, =-e=, adj., toothless; (fig.) broken, edentate. Vieille —e; toothless hag. Un peigne —; a broken-toothed comb.

=édenter=, v.a., to wear out, to break the teeth of objects such as combs, saws, etc.; to deprive of one’s teeth; to cause any one to lose his teeth. La vieillesse nous édente; old age causes us to lose our teeth.

s’=édenter=, v.r., to lose its or one’s teeth.

=édentés=, n.m.pl., (zoöl.) edentata.

=édicter=, v.a., to enact, to decree. Peines édictées par la loi; penalties enacted by law.

=édicule=, n.f., small edifice, pavillon, kiosk.

=édifiant=, =-e=, adj., edifying.

=édificateur=, n.m., (l.u.) builder, constructor.

=édification=, n.f., building, erection; edification.

=édifice=, n.m., edifice, building, pile; structure, fabric.

=édifier=, v.a., to build, to erect, to construct; to edify, to improve, to instruct, to enlighten, to satisfy. Il m’a édifié sur son compte; he told me all about him.

=édile=, n.m., edile.

=édilité=, n.f., edileship.

=édit=, n.m., edict, decree.

=éditer=, v.a., to publish, to edit (of books).

=éditeur=, n.m., publisher.

=édition=, n.f., edition.

=édredon=, n.m., eider-down; eider-down quilt.

=éducat-eur=, =-rice=, n., educator; teacher; educationalist. adj., educative, instructing.

=éducati-f=, =-ve=, adj., educative.

=éducation=, n.f., education; breeding, rearing (of animals); training; manners. Faire l’— d’un jeune homme; to educate a young man. Tenir une maison d’— de demoiselles; to keep a boarding school for young ladies. Il n’a point d’—; he has no breeding.

=édulcoration=, n.f., edulcoration; sweetening.

=édulcorer=, v.a., (pharm.) to edulcorate, to sweeten.

=éduquer=, v.a., (pop.) to bring up, to educate, children.

=éfaufiler=, v.a., to reeve out (of textile fabrics).

=effaçable=, adj., effaceable.

=effaçage=, n.m., effacing; erasing.

=effacement=, n.m., effacing, effacement; obliteration, blotting out; disappearance; humility, self-effacement; throwing back (of the shoulders). Homme d’—; man of retiring manner.

=effacer=, v.a., to efface, to expunge; to wear out; to rub out; to strike out; to blot out; to scrape out, to scratch out; to wash away, to obliterate; to eclipse, to throw into the shade; to throw back (the shoulders); to surpass, to excel, to outdo. — ses péchés par ses larmes; to wash out one’s sins by one’s tears.

s’=effacer=, v.r., to get obliterated; to wash out; to wear away; to keep in the background; to draw aside; to give way; to straighten one’s self; to throw one’s self well back. Il s’effaça pour éviter le coup; he drew aside to avoid the blow.

=effaceu-r=, =-se=, n.m.f., eraser.

=effaçure=, n.f., blot, blotting out, obliteration, erasure.

=effaner=, v.a., (agri.) to strip of leaves.

=effaré=, =-e=, part., wild; scared; bewildered. Un visage —; a haggard, scared countenance.

=effarement=, n.m., bewilderment, distraction, terror, affright.

=effarer=, v.a., to terrify, to scare.

s’=effarer=, v.r., to be scared, to take fright.

=effarouchant=, =-e=, adj., terrifying, startling.

=effarouchement=, n.m., scare, fright, affright, alarm, umbrage.

=effaroucher=, v.a., to scare away; to startle, to shock, to give umbrage.

s’=effaroucher=, v.r., to be scared, to be startled, to take umbrage or alarm; to take fright.

=effecti-f=, =-ve=, adj., effective, real, positive; (com.) in cash. C’est un homme —; he is a man of his word.

=effectif=, n.m., (milit.) effective force; strength.

=effection=, n.f., (geom.) effection.

=effectivement= (-tiv-mān), adv., in effect, really, actually, indeed, in fact; and to be sure; yes, so it is.

=effectuer=, v.a., to effect, to execute, to accomplish; to carry out; to bring about; to work out.

s’=effectuer=, v.r., to be effected, executed, accomplished; to take place; to take effect; to be carried out.

=effémination=, n.f., effeminacy.

=efféminé=, =-e=, adj., effeminate, womanish. Air —; effeminate look.

=efféminer=, v.a., to effeminate, to enervate.

=effendi= or =efendi= (è-fān-di), n.m., effendi (Turkish title).

=effervescence=, n.f., effervescence; excitement; ferment.

=effervescent=, =-e=, adj., effervescent, effervescing; excited, excitable.

=effet=, n.m., effect, consequence, result; performance, intent, execution; purpose; power (mec.); bill of exchange, bill. pl., goods; luggage; movables, chattels; funds; stocks. Produire de l’—; to make an impression. Ces choses-là font un vilain —; those things look bad. Souscrire un —; to sign a bill. — à échoir; running bill. Faire les fonds d’un —; to provide for a bill. Faire-honneur à un —; to honor a bill. À double —; double acting (mec.). En —; in reality, indeed. Pour cet —; to that end, for that purpose. À l’— de; to the end that, with a view to. À quel —? to what purpose? to what end? À —; sensational, clap-trap. Cela me fait cet —; it seems so to me. Faire de l’—; to make a show; to be showy. Faire l’— de; to make one think of; to put one in mind. — rétrograde; (at billiards) screwing back. — contraire; screw. — de côté; side.

*=effeuillaison=, n.f., fall of the leaves.

*=effeuillement=, n.m., stripping off the leaves; defoliation.

*=effeuiller=, v.a., to strip of leaves, to pluck; to pick to pieces (a flower).

*s’=effeuiller=, v.r., to lose or shed its leaves (of a tree, a flower). Les roses s’effeuillent; the roses are shedding their leaves.

=efficace=, adj., efficacious, effectual, effective.

=efficace=, n.f., efficacy, efficiency, virtue.

=efficacement= (-kas-mān), adv., efficaciously, efficiently, effectually.

=efficacité=, n.f., efficacy, efficiency.

=efficient=, =-e=, adj., efficient.

=effigie=, n.f., effigy. Pendre en —; to hang in effigy.

=effigier=, v.a., to make an effigy of.

=effilé=, n.m., fringe.

=effilé=, =-e=, adj., slender, slim; sharp, fine, tapering. Avoir la taille —e; to have a thin, slender figure.

=effiler=, v.a., to unweave, to ravel out, to unravel; to thin (the hair); (hunt.) to tire out the dogs.

s’=effiler=, v.r., to ravel, to ravel out, to fray out; to taper.

=effiloche=, n.f., untwisted silk, light refuse silk.

=effilocher= or =effiloquer=, v.a., to ravel out, to undo.

=effiloque=, n.f. V. =effiloche=.

=effilure=, n.f., raveled thread.

=efflanqué=, =-e=, adj., lean, thin, lank, raw-boned; meager. Style —; meager style.

=efflanquer=, v.a., to make lean, to emaciate.

=effleurer=, v.a., to take the surface off; to pick, to pluck (flowers); to skim over, to skim the surface of, to glance at; to grace, to touch upon, to dip into.

=effleurir=, v.a., (chem.) to effloresce.

s’=effleurir=, v.r., to effloresce.

=efflorescence=, n.f., efflorescence.

=efflorescent=, =-e=, adj., efflorescent.

=effluence=, n.f., (phys.) effluence.

=effluent=, =-e=, adj., (phys.) effluent.

=effluve=, n.m., effluvium. pl., effluvia.

=effondrement=, n.m., (agri.) digging deep; trenching; falling in, sinking.

=effondrer=, v.a., (agri.) to dig deep, to break in, to weigh down, to sink. — une volaille; to draw a fowl. — du poisson; to gut fish.

s’=effondrer=, v.r., to fall in; to give way.

*=effondrilles=, n.f.pl., grounds, sediment, dregs.

s’=efforcer=, v.r., to strain, to strive, to make an effort, to exert one’s self; to struggle, to endeavor, to attempt.

=effort=, n.m., effort, exertion, endeavor; force, strength; (nav., vet.) strain, weight; stress. L’— de l’eau a rompu cette digue; the force of the water has broken down that dyke. Ce cheval a un —; that horse is strained. Faire un — sur soi-même; to do one’s self violence, to strive to overcome one’s repugnance. Se donner un —; to overstrain one’s self, to sprain one’s back.

=effraction=, n.f., breaking, breaking open, house-breaking. Vol avec —; burglary.

=effraie=, n.f., white barn-owl; screech-owl.

s’=effranger=, v.r., to become unraveled, to fray at the edges.

=effrayant=, =-e=, adj., frightful, fearful, dreadful, terrific; appalling; grim, hideous.

=effrayé=, =-e=, part., afraid, daunted, dismayed.

=effrayer=, v.a., to fright, to frighten, to alarm, to terrify, to dismay.

s’=effrayer=, v.r., to be frightened, to be startled, to take fright, to take alarm. Il s’effraie de peu de chose; he is soon frightened.

=effréné=, =-e=, adj., unbridled, unrestrained, unruly; lawless; wild; frantic. Passions —es; unbridled passions.

=effritement=, n.m., crumbling to dust; exhaustion (of land).

=effriter=, v.a., (agri.) to exhaust (land).

s’=effriter=, v.r., (agri.) to become exhausted; to crumble to dust.

=effroi=, n.m., fright, terror, consternation; dread, dismay. Porter partout l’—; to carry consternation everywhere.

=effronté=, =-e=, n. and adj., shameless, brazen-faced person; shameless, bold, brazen-faced.

=effrontément=, adv., impudently, boldly, shamelessly.

=effronterie= (é-front-rî), n.f., effrontery, boldness, impudence, shamelessness. Il est plein d’—; he is full of impudence. Il a eu l’— de me menacer; he had the effrontery to threaten me. Payer d’—; to brazen a thing out.

=effroyable=, adj., frightful, dreadful, horrid, horrible, awful; downright; shocking; prodigious. Elle est d’une laideur —; she is frightfully ugly.

=effroyablement=, adv., frightfully, horribly, dreadfully, awfully; shockingly. Elle est — laide; she is frightfully ugly.

=effusion=, n.f., effusion, pouring out, overflowing, shedding.

=éfourceau=, n.m., two-wheeled timber-carriage.

=égagropile=, n.m., (vet.) wool-ball.

=égal=, =-e=, adj., equal, uniform, like, alike; even, level, same. Tout lui est —; it is all one to him. Une humeur —e; an even temper. Cela m’est —; it is all the same to me. C’est —, si j’avais su; never mind, if I had only known.

=égal=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., equal. À l’— de; in comparison of, as much as, equal to. Traiter d’—; to treat as one’s equal. Sans —; matchless. D’— à —; between equals; on equal terms.

=également= (é-gal-mān), adv., equally, alike, impartially, uniformly; also, likewise, too.

=égaler=, v.a., to equal, to make even, level; to come up to, to match, to emulate; to compare, to parallel.

s’=égaler=, v.r., to render one’s self equal; to compare one’s self to.

=égalisation=, n.f., equalization.

=égaliser=, v.a., to equalize, to make level; to square accounts. — un terrain; to level a piece of ground. S’—; to find its own level.

=égalitaire=, adj., based on equality, or on equal rights; leveling.

=égalité=, n.f., (geom.) equality, parity; evenness, uniformity; congruity. À — de mérite; where there is equality of merit. — d’âme; equanimity.

=égard=, n.m., regard, consideration, respect; deference, attentions. Avoir —; to pay regard. Avoir — à quelque chose; to be regardful of anything. Avoir des —s pour; to have consideration for, to pay regard, deference to. En — à; considering. En — à la qualité; considering the quality. Avoir de grands —s pour quelqu’un; to show great deference to any one. Par — pour; out of regard for. Par — pour vous; for your sake. À l’— de; respecting; with regard to. À cet —; in this respect. À tous —s; in all respects.

=égaré=, =-e=, part., strayed; misguided, misled, roving, wild; mislaid; disordered, distracted, bewildered. Brebis —es; lost sheep.

=égarement= (é-gar-mān), n.m., straying, losing one’s way; mistake, error; wildness (of the look); disorder, ill-conduct, excess, frenzy, bewilderment. — d’esprit; mental alienation.

=égarer=, v.a., to mislead, to misguide; to bewilder; to impair (intellect); to lead astray, to lead into error; to mislay. — quelque chose; to mislay anything.

s’=égarer=, v.r., to lose one’s way, to stray; to err; to mistake; to be led into error; to go astray; to ramble; to lose one’s self. Il s’est égaré de son chemin; he has lost his way. Il s’égara dans la forêt; he lost himself in the forest.

=égarotté=, =-e=, adj., (man.) wither-wrung.

=égayer=, v.a., to enliven, to divert, to make cheerful, to lighten, to raise (the spirits), to cheer, to cheer up; to thin (trees). — un appartement; to make an apartment lighter.

s’=égayer=, v.r., to make merry, to be merry, to divert one’s self, to sport, to cheer up. Il faut vous —; you must cheer up. Nous nous égayâmes à ses dépens; we made merry at his expense.

=égide=, n.f., Ægis (shield of Jupiter, of Pallas); shield, buckler, breast-plate; protector. Il me sert d’—; he is my protector. Sous son —; under his ægis; under his protection.

=égilops= (-lops), n.m., (med.) egilops.

=églantier= (-tié), n.m., (bot.) eglantine, woodbine, hip-tree, brier, dog-brier. — odorant; sweet-brier.

=églantine=, n.f., (bot.) (flower) eglantine, hip, dog-rose, sweet-brier, woodbine.

=églefin=, n.m., (ich.) haddock.

=église=, n.f., church; chimney cowl; cowl. L’— anglicane; the church of England. Un homme d’—; a churchman, a clergyman. Gueux comme un rat d’—; as poor as a church mouse.

=églogue= (-log), n.f., eclogue.

☉=égoïser=, v.n., to egotize.

=égoïsme=, n.m., egotism, selfishness; (philos.) egoism.

=égoïste=, adj., egotistic; selfish, egoistic.

=égoïste=, n.m.f., egotist; (philos.) egoist. C’est un —; he is an egotist.

=égopode=, n.m., (bot.) gout-weed, goutwort.

=égorger=, v.a., to cut the throat of, to slaughter, to butcher, to kill.

=égorgeur=, n.m., slaughterer, murderer.

*s’=égosiller=, v.r., to make one’s throat sore, to make one’s self hoarse (with speaking); to bawl out, to strain one’s voice.

=égotisme=, n.m., (ant.) egotism.

=égotiste=, n.m., (ant.) (l.u.) egotist.

=égout=, n.m., running or falling of water; sink, drain, sewer; eaves, projecting roof. — collecteur; main-sewer.

=égoutier=, n.m., sewer-man.

=égouttage=, n.m., drainage; draining, dripping.

=égoutter=, v.n., to drain, to drip.

=égoutter=, v.a., to drain, to let drop.

s’=égoutter=, v.r., to drop, to drain.

=égouttoir=, n.m., drainer, plate-rack.

=égoutture=, n.f., drainings, drippings.

=égrain= or =égrin=, n.m., seedling pear or apple tree.

=égrainer=. V. =égrener=.

s’=égrainer=. V. s’=égrener=.

=égrappage=, n.m., picking (of grapes, currants, etc.).

=égrapper=, v.a., to pick (grapes, currants, etc.) from the bunch.

=égrappoir=, n.m., grape-picker (instr.).

*=égratigner=, v.a., to scratch, to claw; (paint.) to stencil. S’il ne mord pas, il égratigne; if he does not bite he scratches.

*=égratigneu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., scratcher; (paint.) stenciler.

*=égratignure=, n.f., scratch; slight wound. Il ne saurait souffrir la moindre —; he cannot bear the least thing or hurt.

*=égravillonner=, v.a., to ablaqueate.

=égrefin=, n.m. V. =églefin=.

=égrenage=, n.m., shelling, husking (grains); picking (grapes); (arts) ginning.

=égrener=, v.a., to shell, to husk (grain); to pick from the bunch (grapes); (arts) to gin.

s’=égrener=, v.r., to shell (of grain); to fall from the stalk; to shed seeds.

*=égrillard=, =-e=, adj., sprightly, brisk, lively; free, broad.

*=égrilloir=, n.m., weir, grate (to keep the fish in a pond).

=égrisée=, n.f., diamond-dust.

=égriser=, v.a., to clean, to rough-down, to cut (diamonds).

=égrisoir=, n.m., diamond-dust box.

=égrugeoir= (-joâr), n.m., mortar.

=égruger=, v.a., to pound, to bruise. — du sel; to pound salt.

=égueulé=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., adj., (égheulé), broken-mouthed; (pop.) vulgar, foul-mouthed person.

=égueulement= (é-gheul-mān), n.m., (artil.) breaking at the mouth of a cannon.

=égueuler= (égheulé), v.a., to break off the mouth or neck (of glass and other vessels).

s’=égueuler=, v.r., to bawl till one’s throat is sore; (artil.) to break at the mouth (of a gun).

=égyptien=, =-ne= (-si-in, -si-èn), adj., Egyptian.

=égyptien=, n.m., =-ne=, n.f., Egyptian; gipsy.

=eh=, int., ah! well! — bien! well! — bien, soit; well, be it so.

=éhanché=, =-e=, adj. V. =déhanché=.

=éherber=, v.a. V. =sarcler=.

=éhonté=, =-e=, adj., shameless, brazen-faced.

=éhouper=, v.a., to lop off the top (of a tree).

=eider=, n.m., (—s) (orni.) eider, eider-duck.

=éjaculateur=, adj., (anat.) ejaculatory.

=éjaculation=, n.f., throwing out with force, discharge; ejaculation (fervent prayer).

☉=éjaculatoire=, adj. V. =éjaculateur=.

=éjaculer=, v.a., (anat.) to throw out, to ejaculate, to discharge.

=éjarrer=, v.a., to remove the coarse hairs (from furs).

=éject-eur=, =-rice=, adj., ejecting. Tuyau —; discharge pipe.

=élaboration=, n.f., elaboration.

=élaboré=, =-e=, adj., elaborate, wrought, labored.

=élaborer=, v.a., to elaborate, to work out.

=élagage=, n.m., (hort.) lopping; branches lopped off.

=élaguer= (-ghé), v.a., to lop, to prune; to curtail, to cut down, to cut out. Elaguez ces détails inutiles; cut out those useless particulars.

=élagueur=, n.m., (hort.) pruner.

=élan=, n.m., start, spring; dash, rush; sally, flight, glow, soaring; burst, outburst, transport; (mam.) elk, moose-deer. Par —s; by starts. Prendre un —; to take a spring, a flight.

=élancé=, =-e=, adj., slender, slim, thin, lank.

=élancement= (é-lāns-mān), n.m., shooting, twitch, twinge. pl., transports.

=élancer=, v.a., (l.u.) to launch, to dart, to shoot.

s’=élancer=, v.r., to bound, to shoot, to shoot or to spring forth, to dart forth, to rush, to dash, to spring; to take one’s flight. Il s’élança sur son cheval; he leapt or sprang on horseback. Il s’élança sur l’ennemi; he rushed upon the enemy. S’— sur quelqu’un; to spring upon any one. Mon âme s’élança vers Dieu; my soul soared up to God.

=élancer=, v.n., to shoot, to twitch (of pain).

=élanion=, n.m., (orni.) kite. — martinet; swallow-tailed kite.

=élargir=, v.a., to stretch, to widen, to make wider, to let out; to enlarge, to release, to set at liberty. — un habit; to let out a coat. — ses quartiers; to extend one’s quarters. — un compas; to open a pair of compasses. — un prisonnier; to set a prisoner at liberty.

s’=élargir=, v.r., to widen, to become wider; to enlarge; to stretch; to enlarge one’s estate; to set one’s self free.

=élargissement= (-jis-mān), n.m., widening, enlarging; release, discharge (from prison).

=élargissure=, n.f., piece let in; eking-piece.

=élasticité=, n.f., elasticity, springiness.

=élastique=, adj., elastic, springy.

=élastique=, n.f., india-rubber; elastic-net; spring-side.

=élatine=, n.f., (bot.) water-wort.

=élavé=, adj., (hunt.) soft and discolored.

=elbeuf=, n.m., Elbeuf-cloth.

=eldorado=, n.m., (—s) El Dorado.

=éléatique=, n.m., adj., eleatic.

=électeur=, n.m., elector.

=électi-f=, =-ve=, adj., elective.

=élection=, n.f., election, return, polling; choice, appointment. Temps, lieu d’—; (surg.) most favorable time, place, for performing an operation. Solliciter des suffrages aux —s; to solicit votes at elections. Aux —s générales; at the general election.

=électoral=, =-e=, adj., electoral, elective. Priver du droit —; to disfranchise.

=électorat=, n.m., electorate.

=électrice=, n.f., Elector’s consort, Electress.

=électricité=, n.f., electricity.

=électrique=, adj., electric. Secousse —; electric shock. Conducteur —; electric conductor.

=électrisable=, adj., electrifiable.

=électrisant=, =-e=, adj., electrifying.

=électrisation=, n.f., electrification.

=électriser=, v.a., to electrify.

s’=électriser=, v.r., to be electrified, to electrify.

=électro-aimant=, n.m., (—-—s) electro-magnet.

=électro-chimie=, n.f., (n.p.) electro-chemistry.

=électro-dynamique=, n.f., (n.p.) electro-dynamics.

=électro-magnétisme=, n.m., (n.p.) electro-magnetism.

=électromètre=, n.m., (phys.) electrometer.

=électro-négati-f=, =-ve=, adj., electro-negative.

=électrophore=, n.m., (phys.) electrophorus.

=électro-positi-f=, =-ve=, adj., electro-positive.

=électroscope=, n.m., (phys.) electroscope.

=électuaire=, n.m., electuary.

=élégamment= (-ga-mān), adv., elegantly, stylishly.

=élégance=, n.f., elegance, style.

=élégant=, =-e=, n. and adj., gentleman, lady, of fashion; swell, exquisite; elegant, fashionable, stylish.

=élégiaque=, adj., elegiac.

=élégiaque=, n.m., elegist.

=élégie=, n.f., elegy.

=élément=, n.m., element, hobby, favorite pastime; component part. La chasse est son —; hunting is his hobby. Être dans son —; to be quite at home (in anything).

=élémentaire=, adj., elementary, elemental.

=élémi=, n.m., (pharm.) elemi.

=éléphant=, n.m., elephant.

=éléphantiasis= (-tia-zis), n.f., (med.) elephantiasis.

=éléphantin=, =-e=, adj., elephantine.

=élevage=, n.m., (agri.) breeding, raising, rearing (of cattle).

=élévateur=, adj., n.m., (anat.) elevator, elevatory; raising, lifting.

=élévation=, n.f., elevation, lifting up, raising; rising ground, height, eminence; (persp.) view; exaltation; greatness (of soul); nobleness; (c.rel.) elevation of the host; rise (of prices); raised plan. Il lui doit son —; he is indebted to him for his promotion. Il a beaucoup d’—; he possesses great elevation of mind. — dans le style; loftiness of style. — de côté; side view (of a building).

=élévatoire=, n.m., (surg.) elevator.

=élève=, n.m.f., pupil, scholar; student; (nav.) midshipman. — maître (m.), maîtresse (f.); pupil-teacher, pupil, governess. — en chambre; parlor boarder.

=élève=, n.f., (agri.) breeding (of cattle).

=élevé= (él-vé), =-e=, part., raised, grand; heroic, eminent, stately, lofty; high (of prices); exalted. C’est un jeune homme bien —; he is a very well-bred youth.

=élever= (él-vé), v.a., to raise, to raise up, to exalt, to lift up; to cast up; to ennoble; to erect, to rear up, to set up; to augment, to increase; to run up (of accounts); to bring up, to breed; to rear; to educate, to train up, to nurse, to foster. — quelqu’un jusqu’aux nues; to extol any one to the skies. — la voix; to raise one’s voice. J’ai pris de la peine à — ces plantes; I took some trouble to raise those plants.

s’=élever=, v.r., to arise, to break out; to ascend, to mount, to go up, to run up; to amount; to be elevated; to increase, to augment; to run up (of accounts); to be started. Une tempête s’éleva; a storm arose. Il s’éleva une querelle; a quarrel broke out. Les vapeurs s’élèvent de la terre; vapors rise from the earth. Celui qui s’élève sera abaissé; he who exalts himself shall be humbled. Les vagues s’élevèrent hautes et menaçantes; the waves rolled high and threatening.

=éleveur= (él-veur), n.m., elevator; cattle-breeder, grazier.

=élevure= (él-vur), n.f., pimple, blotch, blain.

=elfe=, n.m., elf (fairy).

=élider=, v.a., (gram.) to cut off, to elide.

s’=élider=, v.r., to be elided, to be cut off. Cette lettre s’élide; that letter is elided.

=éligibilité=, n.f., eligibility, fitness.

=éligible=, adj., eligible, fit.

s’=élimer=, v.r., to wear out, to rub out.

=élimination=, n.f., elimination, dismissal, expulsion; removal, rejection.

=éliminer=, v.a., to eliminate, to strike out or off, to expel, to discard, to dismiss, to remove; to delete.

=élingue= (é-ling), n.f., (nav.) sling, strop.

=élinguer= (-ghé), v.a., (nav.) to sling.

=élire=, v.a., to elect, to choose, to return, to appoint, to designate. — domicile; to take up one’s abode.

=élision=, n.f., elision.

=élite=, n.f., choice, pick, select few, flower, prime. L’— de l’armée; the pick of the army. J’ai eu l’— de ses livres; I have had the pick of his books. D’—; picked, crack.

=élixir=, n.m., elixir.

=elle=, pron., she, her, it; =elles=, pl., they, them. Je parle d’—; I speak of her. Je reviens à —; I return to her. Je lui parle; I am speaking to her. Je les lui donne à elle-même; I give them to her, place them in her own hands. Je les vois, —s et leur frère; I see them and their brother.

=ellébore=, n.m., (bot.) hellebore. — noir; Christmas-thorn, black hellebore. Avoir besoin d’—; not to be in one’s right senses.

=elléborine=, n.f., (bot.) helleborine, bastard hellebore.

=ellipse= (è-lips), n.f., (gram., geom.) ellipsis; ellipse.

=ellipsoïdal=, =-e=, adj., ellipsoidal.

=ellipsoïde=, n.m., (geom.) ellipsoid.

=ellipticité=, n.f., ellipticity.

=elliptique=, adj., elliptical.

=elliptiquement=, adv., elliptically.

=elme= (=Feu Saint=), n.m., corposant, Castor and Pollux.

=élocution=, n.f., elocution.

=éloge=, n.m., eulogium, eulogy, panegyric, encomium, praise, commendation. Digne d’—; praiseworthy. Faire soi-même son —; to sound one’s own praises. Faire l’— d’un auteur; to speak in praise of an author. — funèbre; funeral oration.

=élogieu-x=, =-se=, adj., full of praise, eulogistic, flattering.

=élogiste=, n.m.f., (ant.) eulogist, writer of panegyrics.

*=éloigné=, =-e=, part., removed, distant, wide, remote, far; absent, foreign. Temps —s; distant times. Cause —e; remote cause. Il est fort — de le croire; he is far from believing it. Se tenir —; to keep away, to stand aloof. D’une manière —e; distantly.

*=éloignement= (é-loagn-mān), n.m., removal, removing; distance, remoteness; retirement; aversion, dislike; estrangement, unwillingness. On voit Paris dans l’—; Paris is seen in the distance. Avoir de l’— pour le travail; to have an aversion for work.

*=éloigner=, v.a., to remove, to put away, to send away; to dismiss; to discard; to repudiate; to remove further; to waive; to avert; to banish; to drive away; to put off, to delay, to retard; to alienate, to estrange; to indispose. — un sujet; to waive a subject. — les soupçons; to discard suspicion. — quelqu’un de; to indispose any one (towards). — quelqu’un de son pays; to send any one away from his country. Eloignez de vous ces mauvaises pensées; dismiss such evil thoughts.

s’*=éloigner=, v.r., to go away, to remove, to recede; to forsake; to withdraw; to ramble; to digress; to swerve; to deviate; to be different, to differ from, to dislike; (paint.) to appear in the distance; to be alienated, to be wanting, to fall off, to fail. Ne vous éloignez pas; don’t go far. S’— de son devoir; to deviate from one’s duty. S’— de son sujet; to digress from one’s subject. Cette opinion s’éloigne de la mienne; that opinion differs from mine.

=élongation=, n.f., elongation; digression.

=élonger=, v.a., (nav.) to sheer off, to lay alongside of, to run out a warp.

=éloquemment= (-ka-mān), adv., eloquently.

=éloquence=, n.f., eloquence, oratory. — de la tribune; parliamentary eloquence.

=éloquent=, =-e=, adj., eloquent.

=élu=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., (person) elected, chosen, elect.

=élu=, =-e=, part., elected, chosen, elect, appointed, designated, returned.

=élucidation=, n.f., elucidation.

=élucider=, v.a., to elucidate.

=élucubration=, n.f., lucubration.

=élucubrer=, v.a.n., to lucubrate.

=éludable=, adj., evadible, eludible.

=éluder=, v.a., to elude, to evade.

=élyme=, n.m., (bot.) elymus, lyme-grass.

=élysée=, n.m., (myth.) Elysium. L’Elysée; the residence (in Paris) of the President of the Republic.

=élysée=, adj., Elysian. Les champs —s; the Elysian Fields.

=élyséen=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), adj., Elysian.

=élysiens= (-īn), adj.m.pl., (myth.) Elysian.

=élytre=, n.m., (ent.) elytron, wing-shell.

=elzévir=, n.m., Elzevir (edition).

=elzévirien=, =-ne=, adj., elzevirian, Elzevir.

=émaciation=, n.f., emaciation.

=émacié=, =-e=, adj., emaciated.

*=émail=, n.m., enamel; (her.) tincture; (fig.) gloss, brilliancy. — de Hollande; Dutch blue. Peindre en —; to enamel. Peinture en —; enameling, enameled picture. Peintre en —; enameler.

*=émailler=, v.a., to enamel; (fig.) to adorn, to embellish, to stud, to strew, to covet.

*=émailleur=, n.m., enameler.

*=émaillure=, n.f., enameling.

=émanation=, n.f., emanation.

=émancipation=, n.f., emancipation.

=émanciper=, v.a., to emancipate.

s’=émanciper=, v.r., to gain one’s liberty, to free one’s self; to take too much liberty, to get too free, to go beyond bounds, to forget one’s self, to play pranks. Vous vous émancipez trop; you are getting rather too free.

=émaner=, v.n., to emanate.

=émargement=, n.m., writing on the margin; marginal note; signature on the margin.

=émarger=, v.a., to write, to sign, on the margin; to receipt; (fig.) to draw one’s salary; (tech.) to diminish the breadth of the margin of engravings, etc.

=émarginé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) emarginate.

=émasculation=, n.f., emasculation.

=émasculer=, v.a., to emasculate.

=embabouiner=, v.a., (fam., l.u.) to wheedle; to gammon.

=emballage=, n.m., packing up, packing; package. Toile d’—; packing-canvas, pack-cloth.

=emballer=, v.a., to pack up; to wrap up; to pack off; (fam. jest.) to send away, to pack off (any one), to look at, to quod.

=emballeur=, n.m., packer; (pop.) bragger, bobby, policeman.

=embander=, v.a., to tie up; to swathe.

=embarcadère=, n.m., terminus; wharf; pier; steps, landing-stage.

=embarcation=, n.f., small boat, craft; crew, passengers.

=embardée=, n.f., (nav.) yaw, lurch.

=embarder=, v.a. and n., (nav.) to yaw, to lurch.

=embargo=, n.m., embargo. Lever l’—; to take on an embargo. Mettre un — sur; to lay an embargo on.

*=embarillé=, =-e=, adj., barreled up.

*=embariller=, v.a., to barrel, to barrel up.

=embarquement=, n.m., embarkation, embarking, shipping, shipment.

=embarquer=, v.a., to embark, to ship, to put on ship-board; to take on board; to see off. On l’a embarqué dans une méchante affaire; he has been drawn into some bad business.

s’=embarquer=, v.r., to embark, to go on board, to take shipping; to put to sea, to sail, to set out; to engage.

=embarras=, n.m., incumbrance, hindrance, impediment; embarrassment, difficulty, trouble, intricacy, fuss; perplexity, puzzle; (med.) derangement. Cet homme fait bien de l’—; that man makes a great fuss. Être dans l’—; to be in difficulties. Se mettre dans l’—; to get into trouble, into a scrape. Je suis dans l’—; I am at a loss. Ce n’est pas l’—; that’s easy enough; I see no objection. Avoir l’— du choix; to have too much to choose from. — de voitures; block of carriages.

=embarrassant=, =-e=, adj., embarrassing, puzzling, awkward; perplexing, encumbering, cumbersome, troublesome.

=embarrassé=, =-e=, part., embarrassed, entangled, perplexed, obstructed, constrained; out of countenance. Être —; to be at a loss.

=embarrasser=, v.a., to embarrass, to hamper, to encumber, to obstruct; to clog, to trouble, to confound, to puzzle; to come amiss to, to inconvenience, to incommode; to insnare. Être embarrassé de sa personne; not to know what to do with one’s self. Que cela ne vous embarrasse point; do not trouble yourself about that. Cette question l’a embarrassé; that question puzzled him. Il est embarrassé de répondre; he is at a loss for an answer. — une rue; to obstruct a street.

s’=embarrasser=, v.r., to entangle one’s self, to be embarrassed, entangled; to be solicitous about, to concern one’s self with; (med.) to be affected. Il ne s’embarrasse de rien; nothing ever troubles him. Sa langue s’embarrasse; his tongue begins to falter; his speech is impeded.

=embasement=, n.m., (arch.) continuous base; basement.

=embastillement=, n.m., imprisoning; surrounding with forts.

=embastiller=, v.a., to imprison; to surround with forts.

=embatage=, n.f., casing, tiring of wheels.

☉*=embatailler=, v.a., to embattle.

=embâter=, v.a., to put on a pack-saddle; to saddle, to encumber. On l’a embâté d’une affaire bien désagréable; they have saddled him with a very disagreeable job.

=embâtonner=, v.a., (l.u.) to arm with a cudgel.

=embattés=, n.m.pl., periodical winds.

=embattoir=, n.m., shoeing pit (for wheels).

=embattre=, v.a., to case, to tire (a wheel).

=embauchage=, n.m., hiring, engaging (workmen); tampering, gaining over, enticing away; enlisting, recruiting.

=embaucher=, v.a., to hire, to engage (workmen); to entice away, to tamper with; to enlist, to recruit.

=embaucheur=, n.m., hirer; recruiting-officer; recruiter, crimp.

=embauchoir=, n.m., boot-tree; boot-last.

=embaumement= (an-bôm-mān), n.m., embalming.

=embaumer=, v.a., to embalm; to perfume, to scent. v.n., to smell very sweet.

=embaumeur=, n.m., embalmer.

=embecquer=, v.a., to feed (a bird); to bait (a hook).

=embéguiner= (-ghi-), v.a., to muffle up; to infatuate, to bewitch.

s’=embéguiner=, v.r., to be infatuated, to be bewitched, to become bigoted.

=embelle=, n.f., (nav.) waist.

=embellie=, n.f., (nav.) lull, momentary calm; favorable change; clearing.

=embellir=, v.a., to embellish, to beautify; to adorn, to decorate, to set off. — un conte; to embellish a tale.

s’=embellir=, v.r., to grow beautiful, to improve in beauty, to grow handsome.

=embellir=, v.n., to beautify, to grow handsomer. Elle ne fait que croître et —; she grows taller and handsomer every day.

=embellissement= (-lis-mān), n.m., embellishment, improvement, adornment.

=embérize=, n.f., (zoöl.) bunting.

s’=emberlucoquer=, v.r., (fam.) to be taken with, to be wedded to.

*=embesogné=, =-e=, adj., (fam., jest.) busy, busily engaged.

=embêtement=, n.m., (triv.) annoyance, bother; nuisance, bore.

=embêter=, v.a., (triv.) to stupefy, to stultify, to besot; to annoy, to plague; to tease, to torment, to rile; to worry; to aggravate, to bore.

s’=embêter=, v.r. (triv.) to feel dull, bored.

=emblaison=, n.f., seed-time, sowing-time.

=emblavage=, n.m., (agri.) wheat-sowing.

=emblaver=, v.a., to sow with corn.

=emblavure=, n.f., land sown with corn.

d’=emblée=, adv., at the first, in a trice; at the first onset; at the first trial; there and then; straight off the reel.

=emblématique=, adj., emblematical.

=emblème=, n.m., emblem. Être l’— de; to be emblematical of.

=emboire=, v.a., to imbibe; (sculp.) to coat (with oil or wax).

s’=emboire=, v.r., (paint.) to get dull or flat; to dry in.

=emboîtement= (ān-boat-mān), n.m., fitting in, jointing, clamping.

=emboîter=, v.a., to joint; to set (bones); to clamp, to fit, to fit in. — le pas; (milit.) to lock up.

s’=emboîter=, v.r., to fit, to fit in.

=emboîture=, n.f., socket, clamp; (pottery) collar. L’— des os; the juncture of the bones.

=embolie=, n.f., (med.) embolism.

=embolisme=, n.m., embolism.

=embolismique=, adj., embolismic, embolismal.

=embonpoint=, n.m., plumpness, corpulence, stoutness, obesity. Prendre de l’—; to get stout, to pick up flesh. Perdre son —; to fall away, to lose flesh.

=emboquer=, v.a., to feed, to cram food down.

s’=emboquer=, v.r., to cram food down one another’s throat.

=embordurer=, v.a., (l.u.) to put in a frame, to frame.

=embossage=, n.m., (nav.) bringing the broadside to bear.

=embosser=, v.a., (nav.) to bring the broadside to bear.

s’=embosser=, v.r., (nav.) to be brought to bear (broadside on).

=embouché=, =-e=, part., entered (of boats); prompted, tutored. Être mal —; to be foul-mouthed, impertinent.

=emboucher=, v.a., to put to one’s mouth (wind instruments); to prompt; to bit (a horse). Il l’a bien embouché; he gave him a good prompting.

s’=emboucher=, v.r., (of rivers) to fall into; to empty, to discharge itself.

=embouchoir=, n.m., boot-tree; mouth-piece (of instruments).

=embouchure=, n.f., mouth-piece (of wind instruments); mouth (of a river, of a harbor); out-fall (engineering).

=embouer=, v.a., (pop.) to cover with mud; to bemire; to vilify.

=embouquement=, n.m., (nav.) entrance to a strait.

=embouquer=, v.n., (nav.) to enter a strait.

=embourbé=, =-e=, part., stuck fast (in the mud). Il jure comme un charretier —; he swears like a trooper.

=embourber=, v.a., to put in the mire; to bemire. — quelqu’un dans une mauvaise affaire; to get any one into a troublesome business.

s’=embourber=, v.r., to sink in the mud, to stick in the mire; to be involved (in any trouble).

=embourrer=. V. =rembourrer=.

=embourser=, v.a., to put into one’s purse; to receive; to pocket.

=embout=, n.m., ferrule.

=embouter=, v.a., to ferrule, to tip.

=emboutir=, v.a., (gold.) to scoop out; (coppersmith’s work) to beat out; (arch.) to sheet; to stamp; to plate; to tip.

=embranchement=, n.m., branch, branching off; branch-road; branch-line, junction (rail.).

=embrancher=, v.a., (carp.) to put together; to join.

s’=embrancher=, v.r., to branch off; to branch (of roads); to abut, to join.

=embrasé=, =-e=, part., in flames, on fire; glowing, aglow, in a glow.

=embrasement= (an-brâz-mān), n.m., conflagration, burning; combustion; kindling.

=embraser=, v.a., to fire, to set on fire, to kindle, to inflame. La guerre a embrasé toute l’Europe; war has set all Europe ablaze.

s’=embraser=, v.r., to kindle, to take fire, to glow, to be aglow, to be inflamed. Cette matière s’embrase facilement; that stuff easily catches fire.

=embrassade=, n.f., embrace, hug, kissing, kiss.

=embrasse=, n.f., curtain-loop, curtain-band.

=embrassé=, =-e=, part., embraced. Ils se tenaient —s; they remained locked in each other’s arms.

=embrassement= (an-bras-mān), n.m., embrace.

=embrasser=, v.a., to embrace, to clasp; to kiss; to encompass, to encircle, to comprehend, to comprise, to take in, to include; to seize, to avail one’s self of, to undertake. Qui trop embrasse, mal étreint; grasp all, lose all. — la querelle de quelqu’un; to espouse any one’s quarrel. — une occasion; to seize, to avail one’s self of, an opportunity.

s’=embrasser=, v.r., to embrace, or to kiss, one another.

=embrasseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., (fam., l.u.) embracer, kisser.

=embrassure=, n.f., band of iron, binder.

=embrasure=, n.f., embrasure; recess.

=embrayage=, n.m., connecting (of wheels); coupling gear (motor).

=embrayer=, v.a., to engage, to connect (man.).

=embrelage=, n.m., lashing.

=embreler=, v.a., to lash (a wagon load).

=embrener=, v.a., (l.ex.) to dirty, to soil. S’— dans quelque affaire; to entangle one’s self in a dirty piece of business.

=embrèvement=, n.f., (carp.) mortise, franking.

=embrever=, v.a., (carp.) to mortise, to frank, to join.

=embrigadement=, n.m., (milit.) brigading; enlisting, recruiting.

=embrigader=, v.a., (milit.) to brigade; to form into brigades.

=embrocation=, n.f., embrocation.

=embrochement=, n.m., spitting (of meat).

=embrocher=, v.a., to spit, to put upon the spit. — quelqu’un; to run any one through the body.

=embroucher=, v.a., to overlap, overlay (tiles, etc.).

*=embrouillé=, =-e=, part., perplexed, intricate; entangled, obscure.

*=embrouillement= (an-brou-i-mān), n.m., embroiling, confusion, intricacy, perplexity.

=embrouiller=, v.a., to embroil, to confuse, to confound, to jumble up; to perplex, to obscure.

*s’=embrouiller=, v.r., to become intricate or entangled; to get confused; (fam.) to get fuddled, muddled.

=embrouilleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., mar-plot; blunderer.

=embroussaillé=, =-e=, adj., covered with brushwood, bushy, matted, intricate.

=embruiné=, =-e=, adj., (agri.) spoilt by drizzle.

=embrumé=, =-e=, adj., foggy, misty, hazy.

=embrumer=, v.a., to overcast, to cover with fog or mist. S’—; to be covered with fog, to get misty, hazy.

=embrun=, n.m., (nav.) spray.

=embrunir=, v.a., to brown.

=embryogénie=, n.f., embryogeny.

=embryographie=, n.f., embryography.

=embryologie=, n.f., embryology.

=embryon=, n.f., embryo; (bot.) germ; little bit of a man; dwarf, shrimp.

=embryonnaire=, adj., embryonic.

=embu=, =-e=, part. of =emboire=, soaked in, dried in.

=embu=, n.m., (paint.) dulness, flatness (of pictures).

=embûche=, n.f., snare, ambush. Dresser des —s; to lay snares.

=embûcher=, v.a., to begin cutting (trees); to drive back, to covert (hunt.). S’—; to return, to covert.

=embuscade=, n.f., ambuscade; ambush; lurking-place, snare. Être, Se mettre, Se tenir, en —; to lie or be lying in wait, in ambush.

=embusquer=, v.a., to ambuscade, to post.

s’=embusquer=, v.r., to lay in ambuscade, to lie in wait.

=émender=, v.a., to amend, to correct.

=émeraude= (é-mrôd), n.f., emerald.

=émergence=, n.f., (phys.) emersion, emergence.

=émergent=, adj., (phys.) emergent.

=émerger=, v.n., to emerge, to rise out.

=émeri= (é-mri), n.m., (min.) emery. Bouché à l’—; with a ground stopper.

*=émerillon=, n.m., whirl (for weaving); (nav.) swivel-hook.

*=émerillon=, n.m., (orni.) stone-falcon, merlin.

*=émerillonné=, =-e=, adj., brisk, sprightly, wide-awake, lively.

=émerisé=, =-e=, adj. Papier —; emery paper. Toile —e; emery cloth.

=émérite=, adj., emeritus; retired, pensioned, superannuated; practised, adept.

=émersion=, n.f., emersion.

=émérus=, n.m., (bot.) bastard-senna, colutea.

*=émerveillement=, n.m., wonder, astonishment.

*=émerveiller=, v.a., to astonish, to amaze.

*s’=émerveiller=, v.r., to marvel, to wonder, to be astonished.

=émétique=, n.m., adj., emetic, puke, vomit; emetical.

=émétiser=, v.a., (pharm.) to add emetic to a mixture; to treat with emetics.

=émettre=, v.a., to put in circulation, to utter; to emit, to issue, to give out, to put forth, to express.

=émeu=, n.m., (zoöl.) emu.

=émeute=, n.f., riot, disturbance, commotion, uproar, tumult; rising, mutiny. Chef d’—; ringleader.

=émeuter=, v.a., to rouse, to stir up, to excite.

=émeutier= (-tié), n.m., rioter.

=émier=, v.a. V. =émietter=.

=émiettement=, n.m., crumbling.

=émietter=, v.a., to crumble.

s’=émietter=, v.r., to crumble.

=émigrant=, =-e=, n. and adj., emigrant; emigrating.

=émigration=, n.f., emigration, migration.

=émigré=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., emigrant; refugee.

=émigrer=, v.n., to emigrate; to migrate.

=émincé=, n.m., (cook.) mince; thin slices.

=émincer=, v.a., to mince (meat).

=éminemment= (-na-mān), adv., eminently, in a high degree.

=éminence=, n.f., eminence; elevation, rising ground, height.

=éminent=, =-e=, adj., eminent, high, lofty, conspicuous.

=éminentissime=, adj., most eminent.

=émir=, n.m., Ameer, Emir.

=émissaire=, n.m., emissary; (tech.) overflow pipe, overflow channel. Bouc —; scape-goat.

=émission=, n.f., emission, issue, uttering, putting into circulation.

=emmagasinage=, n.m., warehousing.

=emmagasiner=, v.a., to warehouse, to store.

=emmaigrir=, v.a. V. =amaigrir=.

*=emmaillotement=, n.m., swaddling, swathing.

*=emmailloter=, v.a., to swaddle, to swathe, to bind up in swaddling clothes.

=emmanchement= (an-mansh-mān), n.m., (paint., sculpt.) joining, hafting, helving; putting a handle.

=emmancher=, v.a., to put a handle to, to haft, to helve; to begin, to set about. Affaire mal emmanchée; ill-managed affair.

s’=emmancher=, v.r., to fit in, to be begun; to be done. Cela ne s’emmanche pas ainsi; that is not the way to set to work.

=emmancher=, v.n., (nav.) to enter the channel.

=emmancheur=, n.m., handle-maker.

=emmanchure=, n.f., arm-hole.

=emmannequiner=, v.a., to put in hampers; to basket (plants).

=emmantelé=, =-e=, adj., covered with a cloak; (fort.) ☉fortified. Corneille —e; hooded-crow.

☉=emmanteler=, v.a., (fort.) to wall-round.

=emmariné=, =-e=, adj., accustomed to the sea.

=emmariner=, v.a., to man (a ship); to accustom to the sea.

s’=emmariner=, v.r., to be manned (of a ship); to get accustomed to the sea.

=emmêlé=, =-e=, adj., entangled.

=emmêler=, v.a., to entangle.

s’=emmêler=, v.r., to get entangled.

=emménagement= (an-mé-naj-mān), n.m., removal, installation. pl., (nav.) internal arrangements, accommodation.

=emménager=, v.n., to move in.

s’=emménager=, v.r., to move in.

=emménagogue=, n.m. and adj., (med.) emmenagogue.

=emmener= (an-mné), v.a., to carry away, to take away, to lead away, to fetch away, to convey away. Il l’a emmené dans sa voiture; he took him away in his carriage. Emmenez-le! off with him!

=emmenotter=, v.a., to handcuff, to manacle.

=emmeuler=, v.a., to stack hay.

=emmiellé=, =-e=, adj., honeyed, sweet, soft. Paroles —es; honeyed words.

=emmieller=, v.a., to honey; to sweeten with honey; to cajole.

=emmiellure=, n.f., (vet.) a resolvent plaster.

=emmitonner=, v.a., to wrap up; to wheedle, to coax.

=emmitoufler=, v.a., to muffle up.

=emmortaiser=, v.a., to mortise, to set in a mortise.

s’=emmortaiser=, v.r., to mortise.

=emmotté=, =-e=, adj., (of roots of trees) covered with soil.

=emmuseler=, v.a., to muzzle.

=émoi=, n.m., emotion, anxiety, flutter, ferment. Mettre en —; to put in a flutter, a ferment. Être en —; to be agitated or in a ferment.

=émollient=, =-e=, adj., emollient, softening.

=émollient=, n.m., emollient.

=émolument=, n.m., emolument, fee, perquisite. pl., salary.

=émolumentaire=, adj., emolumental.

=émolumenter=, v.n., to profit; to get fees, perquisites.

=émonctoire=, n.m., (med.) emunctory.

=émondage=, n.m., pruning, lopping, trimming.

=émonde=, n.f., dung (of birds of prey).

=émonder=, v.a., to prune, to lop.

=émondes=, n.f.pl., branches lopped off; trash, refuse.

=émondeu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., pruner, trimmer, dresser.

=émorfiler=, v.a., to beard off; to blunt.

=émotion=, n.f., emotion; stir, commotion.

=émottage=, n.m., clod-crushing.

=émotter=, v.a., (agri.) to break clods of earth.

=émottoir=, n.m., (agri.) roller, clod-breaker.

=émoucher=, v.a., to drive flies away; to clear of flies.

=émouchet=, n.m., sparrow-hawk. Donner l’— à une peau; to soak a hide.

=émouchette=, n.f., fly-net (for horses).

=émoucheu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., (pers.) fly-fanner.

=émouchoir=, n.m., fly-flap.

=émoudre=, v.a., to whet, to grind, to sharpen. — des couteaux; to grind knives. Faire — des ciseaux; to have scissors ground.

=émouleur=, n.m., knife-grinder.

=émoulu=, =-e=, part., ground. Frais — de; fresh from, just come from. Il est frais — du collège; he is fresh from college. Combattre à fer —; to fight with sharp weapons.

=émoussage=, n.m., (agri.) emuscation.

=émoussé=, =-e=, part., blunt; dull. Un esprit —; a dull mind. Des sens —s; deadened senses. Etat —; bluntness.

=émousser=, v.a., to make blunt; to take off the edge; to dull; to take the moss off trees; to deaden. — un rasoir; to take the edge off a razor.

s’=émousser=, v.r., to get blunt; to become dull; to be, to become, deadened or blunted. La pointe de ce couteau s’est émoussée; the point of this knife is blunted.

=émoussoir=, n.m., moss-scraper.

*=émoustillé=, =-e=, adj., brisk, sprightly.

*=émoustiller=, v.a., to exhilarate, to put into spirits. S’—; to bestir one’s self; to look alive.

=émouvant=, adj., touching, moving, affecting, stirring.

=émouvoir=, v.a., to move, to stir up; to agitate, to provoke; to rouse; to raise; to affect, to touch. Il sait l’art d’— les passions; he knows how to stir up the passions. Il est ému de crainte; he is moved with fear. — une sédition; to raise a sedition.

s’=émouvoir=, v.r., to rise; to be roused; to be stirred up. Il s’émut à la vue du péril; he was troubled at the sight of the danger. Il s’émeut de rien; the least thing upsets him.

*=empaillage=, n.m., stuffing (animals).

*=empaillement=, n.m., bottoming (with straw); stuffing (animals).

*=empaillé=, =-e=, part., stuffed.

*=empailler=, v.a., to pack in straw; to stuff (birds); to straw bottom. — des ballots; to pack up bales in straw. — une plante; to wrap straw round a plant.

*=empailleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., chair-mender; bird-stuffer.

=empalement= (an-pal-mān), n.m., impalement; (tech.) paddle-door, shuttle.

=empaler=, v.a., to impale.

=empan=, n.m., span.

=empanacher=, v.a., to plume, to adorn with a plume. — un casque; to adorn a helmet.

=empanner=, v.a., (nav.) to bring to. v.n., to tie to.

=empaquetage=, n.m., packing.

=empaqueter= (an-pak-té), v.a., to pack up, to make up into a bundle, to do up.

s’=empaqueter=, v.r., to wrap up. Il s’empaqueta dans son manteau; he wrapped himself up in his cloak.

s’=emparer=, v.r., to possess one’s self of; to make one’s self master of; to take possession of, to seize, to secure; to engross (conversation); to master. S’— d’un héritage; to seize upon an inheritance.

=empâtement=, n.m., stickiness, clamminess; cramming (of poultry); (surg.) puffiness.

=empâter=, v.a., to make clammy, sticky; to cram (fowls); (paint.) to impaste. Cela m’a empâté les mains; that has made my fingers sticky. Face empâtée; pudding face.

=empattement=, n.m., footing, foundation, base, basement; (tech.) platform (of a crane); (nav.) splicing.

=empaumer=, v.a., to grasp; to take possession of; to gain over; (at tennis) to strike with the palm of the hand or with a bat. — la voie; (hunt.) to catch the scent.

=empaumure=, n.f., top-antlers; palm-piece of a glove.

=empeau=, n.m., (hort.) flute-grafting.

=empêchable=, adj., preventable.

=empêché=, =-e=, part., hindered, at a loss. Être — de sa personne; to be greatly embarrassed. Faire l’—; to affect to be busy.

=empêchement= (an-pêsh-mān), n.m., hindrance, obstacle, impediment, opposition, obstruction, difficulty; objection. Lever tous les —s; to remove all obstacles. Apporter de l’— à quelque chose; to throw impediments in the way of anything. Je n’y mets point d’—; I do not oppose it.

=empêcher=, v.a., to oppose, to prevent; to hinder, to obstruct, to impede, to put a stop to. — un mariage; to oppose a marriage. Cette muraille empêche la vue; this wall obstructs the view. Cela n’empêcha pas qu’il ne le fît; that did not prevent him from doing it (i.e., he did it all the same). Il m’empêche de travailler; he hinders me from working. L’un n’empêche pas l’autre; the one does not bar the other. Cela n’empêche pas que; and yet, for all that.

s’=empêcher=, v.r., to forbear, to refrain from, to keep from, to abstain. Il ne saurait s’— de médire; he cannot keep from slandering. Je ne saurais m’empêcher de le faire; I cannot help doing it.

*=empeigne=, n.f., upper leather; vamp.

=empellement=, n.m., sluice, dam.

=empennelage=, n.m., backing an anchor.

=empenneler=, v.a., to back an anchor.

=empennelle=, n.f., small anchor; kedge.

=empenner=, v.a., to feather arrows.

=empenoir=, n.m., lock-chisel.

=empereur=, n.m., emperor.

=empesage=, n.m., starching.

=empesé=, =-e=, part., starched; (of style) stiff, formal.

=empeser=, v.a., to starch; (nav.) to wet (sails). — un jabot; to starch a frill. S’—; to be starched.

=empeseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., starcher.

=empester=, v.a., to infect, to taint. v.n., to stink horribly.

=empêtré=, =-e=, part., entangled.

=empêtrer=, v.a., to entangle, to embarrass, to hamper, to saddle, to fetter. — quelqu’un dans une mauvaise affaire; to involve any one in a disagreeable business.

s’=empêtrer=, v.r., to become entangled, hampered, embarrassed.

=emphase=, n.f., magniloquence, pomposity; emphasis, stress.

=emphatique=, adj., bombastic, affected; emphatic.

=emphatiquement= (-tik-mān), adv., bombastically, pompously, emphatically.

=emphractique=, n.m., adj., (pharm.) emphractic.

=emphysème=, n.m., (med.) emphysema.

=emphytéose=, n.f., long lease, feudal holding.

=emphytéote=, n.m., tenant on a long lease.

=emphytéotique=, adj., emphyteutic. Bail —; very long lease. Redevance —; ground-rent.

=empiècement=, n.m., yoke (of blouse).

=empierrement=, n.m., stoning, metalling, ballasting; broken stones; metaled road.

=empierrer=, v.a., to stone, to metal (roads).

=empiètement=, n.m., encroaching, encroachment; infringement; trespass.

=empiéter=, v.a., to encroach, to make encroachments, to intrench upon, to invade, to usurp.

=empiéter=, v.n., to encroach. La mer empiète sur la côte; the sea encroaches upon the coast. Il empiète sur mes droits; he encroaches upon my rights.

=empiffrer=, v.a., to cram, to stuff.

s’=empiffrer=, v.r., to cram, to stuff.

=empile=, n.f., (pisc.) gut-line.

=empilement=, n.m., piling; stacking.

=empiler=, v.a., to pile up; to stack; to bin; to fasten (hook).

=empileur=, n.m., stacker.

=empirance=, n.f., damage (to goods in transit).

=empire=, n.m., empire, sovereignty; authority; reign; sway, dominion, command, ascendency; dominions. Bas-—; Lower Empire. L’humide —; (poet.) the sea. — d’Occident, d’Orient; the Western, the Eastern, Empire. Vous avez un — absolu sur moi; you have absolute command over me. Avoir de l’— sur quelqu’un; to sway any one. Traiter quelqu’un avec —; to treat one imperiously, with haughtiness. Avoir de l’— sur soi; to have control over one’s passions. Se disputer l’—; to contend for sovereignty.

=empirée=, n.m. V. =empyrée=.

=empirement=, n.m., aggravation.

=empirer=, v.a., to make worse.

=empirer=, v.n., to grow worse. Sa maladie empire chaque jour; his illness gets worse every day. La chose empira, matters grew worse.

=empirique=, adj., empiric, empirical.

=empirique=, n.m., empiric.

=empiriquement=, adv., empirically.

=empirisme=, n.m., empiricism.

=emplacement= (an-plas-mān), n.m., site, ground, piece of ground, place, spot.

=emplanture=, n.f., (nav.) step (of a mast).

=emplastration=, n.f., (hort.) budding.

=emplastrer=, v.a., to bud.

=emplâtre=, n.m., plaster, salve, ointment; helpless creature. Mettre un — à; (med.) to put a plaster on. Mettre un — à une affaire; to patch up a business. C’est un véritable —; he is fit for nothing.

=emplette=, n.f., purchase. Faire — de quelque chose; to purchase anything. Faire des —s; to go shopping.

=emplir=, v.a., to fill, to fill up.

s’=emplir=, v.r., to fill; to be filled.

=emploi=, n.m., employ, employment; situation, place, post; entry (of accounts); (theat.) line of business; (fin.) appropriation. — abusif; misemployment. Faux —; false item. Faire un bon — de son temps; to make a good use of one’s time. Double —; useless repetition. Donner de l’—; to give employment. Sans —; out of employment.

=employé=, n.m., clerk, person employed, employé, official.

=employer=, v.a., to employ, to use, to make use of; to bestow; to devote; to spend; to lay out, to invest. Bien — son temps; to employ one’s time well. — son temps à l’étude; to spend one’s time in study. — une phrase; to use a phrase. — mal; to misemploy. — le vert et le sec; to leave no stone unturned. Je l’ai employé à cela; I set him to work on that. — une somme en recette; (com.) to enter a sum as received.

s’=employer=, v.r., to employ, to exert, one’s self; to use one’s interest. — pour quelqu’un; to use one’s interest in any one’s favor.

=emplumer=, v.a., (mus.) to feather, to fledge; to quill. — un clavecin; to quill a harpsichord.

s’=emplumer=, v.r., to become fledged; to feather one’s nest; (pop.) to pick up flesh. Il s’est bien emplumé dans cette maison; he feathered his nest well in that house.

=empocher=, v.a., (fam.) to pocket. Il empoche tout ce qu’il gagne; he pockets all his winnings.

=empoignement=, n.m., grasping; capture, arrest.

*=empoigner=, v.a., to grasp, to seize, to lay hold of; to take up, to take into custody. Cela est trop gros, on ne saurait l’—; that is too thick, it is impossible to grasp it. Je vous ferai —; I shall have you taken up.

*s’=empoigner=, v.r., to lay hold of each other. Ils se sont empoignés; they laid hold of each other, they had a set-to.

=empointer=, v.a., to stitch; to point (pins, needles).

=empointeur=, n.m., stitcher; pointer.

=empois=, n.m., starch.

=empoisonné=, =-e=, part., poisoned; poisonous.

=empoisonnement= (-poâ-zo-n-mān), n.m., poisoning.

=empoisonner=, v.a., to poison; to infect; to mar, to corrupt; to embitter, to envenom. Ces maximes sont capables d’— la jeunesse; these maxims are calculated to corrupt the young.

s’=empoisonner=, v.r., to poison one’s self.

=empoisonneu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., poisoner, corrupter; wretched cook.

=empoisser=, v.a. V. =poisser=.

=empoissonnement= (-poâ-so-n-mān), n.m., stocking with fish.

=empoissonner=, v.a., to stock with fish.

=emporté=, =-e=, adj., fiery, passionate, hasty, hot, hot-headed; runaway; unmanageable.

=emportement=, n.m., transport; passion, fit of passion; hastiness; outburst; anger, rage; frenzy, violence.

=emporte-pièce=, n.m., punch (instrument); puncher; cutting-out machine; fly-press; sarcastic person; virulent satirist. C’est une réponse à l’—; it is a very cutting answer.

=emporter=, v.a., to carry away, to take away, to sweep away, to convey away; to remove (stains); to carry off (kill); to entail, to involve; to gain, to obtain; to blow off; to burn. Le vent a emporté mon chapeau; the wind has blown my hat off. Cette maladie l’a emporté; that illness carried him off. — de haute lutte; to carry with a high hand. L’— sur; to prevail; to have the advantage, to get the better of, to carry the day; to preponderate, to overcome, to outweigh, to surpass. L’amour l’emporte souvent sur la raison; love often gets the better of reason. Il l’a emporté sur tous ses concurrents; he triumphed over all his competitors. Cette considération l’emporte sur toutes les autres; that consideration outweighs every other. — ses cliques et ses claques; to pack up bag and baggage. — la pièce; to strike home.

s’=emporter=, v.r., to fly into a passion; to declaim, to inveigh against; to rail at; to run away (of horses). — contre le vice; to declaim against vice. — comme une soupe au lait; to take fire like gunpowder.

=empotage=, n.m., potting.

=empoter=, v.a., (hort.) to inclose in pots, to pot.

=empourpré=, =-e=, adj., purple, purpled, empurpled.

=empourprer=, v.a., s’—, v.r., to purple.

=empreindre=, v.a., to imprint, to stamp; to mark; to impress; to tincture. S’—, to become tinged.

=empreinte=, n.f., mark, stamp, print, impression; (paint.) first coat. L’— d’un cachet; the stamp of a seal. Son ouvrage porte l’— de son esprit; his work bears the stamp of his mind. Marqué à l’— de; bearing the stamp of.

=empressé=, =-e=, adj., active; assiduous; officious; eager, earnest. Il paraît fort — auprès d’elle; he appears markedly attentive to her. Des soins empressés; assiduous attentions. Faire l’—; to put one’s self forward.

=empressement= (an-prèss-mān), n.m., eagerness, earnestness; assiduous attention; alacrity, promptness, haste, hurry. Avec —; eagerly, earnestly, cheerfully, industriously. Il a beaucoup d’— à vous servir; he is very anxious to serve you. Trop d’—; overforwardness.

s’=empresser=, v.r., to hasten, to be eager (to), to be earnest, forward, to be ardent, to flock, to crowd, to press forward. S’— de parler; to hasten to speak.

=emprisonnement= (-zo-n-mān), n.m., imprisonment, confinement, custody. — cellulaire; solitary confinement.

=emprisonner=, v.a., to imprison, to confine.

=emprunt=, n.m., borrowing, loan. Il est toujours aux —s; he is always borrowing. Argent d’—; borrowed money. Une beauté d’—; an artificial beauty. Faire un —; to contract a loan.

=emprunter=, v.a., to borrow. — de l’argent à quelqu’un; to borrow money of any one. Nom emprunté; assumed name. Air emprunté; an embarrassed look. Ne choisit pas qui emprunte; beggars cannot be choosers.

=emprunteu-r=, =-se=, n. and adj., borrower; borrowing, prone to borrow; not original.

=empuantir=, v.a., to cause an ill smell, to infect.

s’=empuantir=, v.r., to stink, to have a bad odor.

=empuantissement= (-tis-mān), n.m., stench.

=empyème=, n.m., (med.) empyema.

=empyrée=, n.m. and adj., the empyrean; empyreal.

=empyreumatique=, adj., empyreumatical.

=empyreume=, n.m., empyreuma.

=ému=, =-e=, part., moved, affected. Fort —; much affected.

=émulat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., (l.u.) emulator, rival, imitator.

☉=émulati-f=, =-ve=, adj., emulative.

=émulation=, n.f., emulation; rivalry.

=émule=, n.m., rival, competitor, emulator.

=émulgent=, =-e=, adj., (anat.) emulgent.

=émulsi-f=, =-ve=, adj., emulsive.

=émulsion=, n.f., emulsion.

=émulsionner=, v.a., to mix an emulsion with.

=émyde=, n.f., marsh-tortoise.

=en=, prep., in, into, within, on, to, at, like, in the form of, as a, out of, by, for. Je l’ai mise — pension; I have sent her to a boarding-school. — haut; above, upstairs. — bas; below, downstairs. — avant; forward. — arrière; backward, behind. — dedans; within. — dehors; without. Aller — France; to go to France. En tout temps; at all times. — hiver; in winter. Être — bonne santé; to be in good health. — nourrice; out at nurse. — prière; at prayers. Vivre — roi; to live like a king. Agir — furieux; to act as a madman. Être — robe de chambre; to be in one’s dressing-gown. — dépit de lui; in spite of him. De plus — plus; more and more. Voir — songe; to see in a dream. Il l’aborda — riant; he came up to her with a smile. — passant; by the way. — colère; in a passion. — guerre; at war. — paix; at peace. Tomber — décadence; to fall into decay. — trois jours; in three days. Être — ville; to be out.

=en=, pron., m.f. sing. and pl., of him, of her, of it, its, of them, their; from him, from her, from it, from them; by him, by her, by it, by them; about him, about her, about it, about them; thence, from thence; some of it, any. Avez-vous de l’argent? have you any money? J’— ai; I have some. Vous — parlez toujours; you are always speaking of him, of it. Il — est mort un; one of them is dead. J’— suis bien aise; I am very glad of it. J’— suis fâché; I am sorry for it. J’— suis surpris; I wonder at it. Qu’— dites-vous? what do you say to it? Je n’— ai point; I have none. — voulez-vous? will you have any? Donnez m’—; give me some. C’est un bœuf, j’— vois les cornes; it is an ox, I see its horns. Si vous voulez voir de beaux tableaux, il — a; if you wish to see fine pictures, he has some. Il — est des femmes comme des enfants; it is with women as with children. Il — est de cela comme de la plupart des choses; it is with that as with most other things. Après cela ils — vinrent aux mains; after that they came to blows. — vouloir à quelqu’un; to have a grudge against any one. S’— aller; to go away. S’— retourner; to return. C’— est fait; it is all over. Il s’— faut de beaucoup; you are a long way off. Il ne sait où il — est; he knows not how far he has got. Il — tient; he is caught. Voulez-vous — être? will you make one of us? Parlez-lui-—; speak to him of it. Il veut — découdre; he wants to fight it out.

=énallage=, n.f., (gram.) enallage.

s’=énamourer=, v.r., to fall in love (with).

=énarrer=, v.a., to relate in detail.

=enarrhement=, n.m. V. =arrhement=.

=enarrher=, v.a. V. =arrher=.

=énarthrose=, n.f., (anat.) enarthrosis.

=en-belle=, n.f., (nav.) direct fire. adj., direct. adv., directly, fairly.

=encablure=, n.f., (nav.) cable’s length.

=encadré=, =-e=, part., framed.

=encadrement=, n.m., framing, frame; (mil.) enlistment.

=encadrer=, v.a., to frame, to encircle; to introduce, to insert. Faire — un tableau; to have a picture framed. S’—, v.r., to be introduced, inserted, inclosed; to fit in.

=encadreur=, n.m., picture-frame maker.

=encager=, v.a., to cage, to put in a cage.

=encaissage=, n.m., incasing; (hort.) tubbing.

=encaisse=, n.f., (fin., com.) cash in hand, cash-balance, metallic reserve.

=encaissé=, =-e=, part., incased; embanked, sunk, hollow. Cette rivière est —e; that river flows between high banks.

=encaissement= (ān-kès-mān), n.m., packing in cases; packing; putting in boxes; embankment; (fin.) collection. Sauf —; when paid, if paid.

=encaisser=, v.a., to incase, to pack; to put in a box; to embank; to collect; to encash, to receive; (fin.) to collect; to lay down a bed (to roads).

=encan=, n.m., auction, public sale. Vente à l’—; sale by public auction. Mettre a l’—; to put up for sale. Vendre à l’—; to sell by auction.

*=encanailler=, v.a., to degrade; to lower by mixing with low company.

*s’=encanailler=, v.r., to keep low company; to lose caste. Gardez-vous de vous encanailler; beware of keeping low company.

=encapuchonné=, =-e=, part., cowled, hooded.

=encapuchonner=, v.a., to put on a cowl.

s’=encapuchonner=, v.r., to wear a cowl; to put on a cowl; (man.) to arch the neck (of horses).

=encaquement=, n.m., packing; barreling.

=encaquer=, v.a., to barrel; to cram full up.

=encaqueu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., packer.

=encarter=, v.a., (print.) to insert as a cancel.

s’=encarter=, v.r., to be inserted as a cancel.

=en-cas=, n.m., (—) sunshade (large enough to be used as an umbrella); collation kept ready in case of need.

=encastelé=, =-e=, adj., hoof-bound (of a horse).

s’=encasteler=, v.r., to be hoof-bound.

=encastelure=, n.f., contracted heels.

=encastrement=, n.m., fitting; fitting in.

=encastrer=, v.a., to fit, to fit in.

s’=encastrer=, v.r., to fit, to fit in.

=encaustique=, n.f. and adj., (paint.) encaustic, furniture-paste.

=encavement= (ān-kav-mān), n.m., storing (in cellar).

=encaver=, v.a., to put or store in a cellar.

=encaveur=, n.m., cellar-man.

=enceindre=, v.a., to inclose, to encircle, to encompass, to surround. — de murailles; to inclose with walls.

=enceinte=, adj.f., pregnant; with child; enceinte.

=enceinte=, n.f., circuit, circumference; inclosure, precincts; place; (fort.) enceinte. Mur d’—; inclosure wall. Mur d’— continue; wall of circumvallation. Dans cette —; within these walls.

=encens=, n.m., incense, frankincense; fragrance; homage; praise; flattery. Brûler de l’— sur les autels; to burn incense on the altars. Donner de l’— à quelqu’un; to flatter any one.

=encensement= (an-sāns-mān), n.m., incensing; praising, praise; flattery.

=encenser=, v.a., to incense, to perfume with frankincense; to flatter, to pay homage to.

=encenseur=, n.m., burner of incense; flatterer.

=encensier=, n.m., rosemary.

=encensoir=, n.m., censer, perfuming-pan; (astron.) Ara; (fig.) ecclesiastical power. Mettre la main à l’—; to meddle with ecclesiastical affairs. Donner de l’— par le nez, casser le nez à coups d’—; to flatter fulsomely.

=encéphale=, n.m., encephalon (brain).

=encéphalique=, adj., (anat.) encephalic.

=encéphalite=, n.f., inflammation of the brain.

=encéphalocèle=, n.f., encephalocele, hernia of the brain.

=enchaînement= (ān-shèn-mān), n.m., chaining, linking; concatenation, chain, series, connection.

=enchaîner=, v.a., to chain up, to chain, to bind in chains, to chain down, to detain, to restrain; to captivate; to link, to connect.

s’=enchaîner=, v.r., to link, to be connected.

=enchaînure=, n.f., (tech.) chain; chain-work; connection.

=enchanteler= (ān-shān-tlé), v.a., to arrange timber in a yard; to set (casks) on gawntrees.

=enchantement= (ān-shān-tmān), n.m., enchantment, charm, delight; magic, witchcraft. Par —; by enchantment. Il est dans l’—; he is delighted.

=enchanter=, v.a., to enchant, to bewitch, to fascinate, to charm, to gratify. Je suis enchanté de vous voir; I am delighted to see you.

=enchante-ur=, =-resse=, n. and adj., enchanter, enchantress, bewitcher, charmer, enchanting, bewitching. Voix —resse; enchanting voice.

=enchaper=, v.a., to hook, to fasten; to case, to inclose one cask in another.

=enchaperonner=, v.a., to hood (a hawk).

=encharner=, v.a., to put hinges to.

=enchâsser=, v.a., to enchase, to enshrine; to insert; to introduce; to set. — dans de l’or; to set in gold. — un diamant; to set a diamond. — une anecdote dans un discours; to introduce an anecdote into a speech.

=enchâssure=, n.f., setting; insertion; introduction.

=enchausser=, v.a., (gard.) to earth up.

=enchaux=, n.m., lime-wash.

=enchère=, n.f., bidding (at an auction); auction. Vente à l’—, aux —s; sale by auction. Couvrir une —; to make a higher bid. Vendre à l’—, aux —s; to sell by auction. Folle —; bidding for what one cannot pay. Mettre aux —s; to bring to the hammer; to put up to auction. Payer la folle —; to pay dear for one’s rashness. Il est à l’—; he is to be bought by the highest bidder. — au rabais; a Dutch auction.

=enchérir=, v.a., to bid for, to outbid, to overbid; to raise (prices).

=enchérir=, v.n., to bid, to outbid; (fig.) to surpass, to outdo, to go further; to rise (in price). La volaille a enchéri; poultry has risen in price.

=enchérissement= (-ris-mān), n.m., rise, increase, advance in price.

=enchérisseur=, n.m., bidder (at an auction).

=enchevalement=, n.m., propping, underpinning (of a house).

=enchevauchure=, n.f., (tech.) lapping over.

=enchevêtré=, =-e=, part., entangled; confused; in a tangle, mixed up.

=enchevêtrement=, n.m., entanglement; confusion.

=enchevêtrer=, v.a., to halter; to entangle, to confuse.

s’=enchevêtrer=, v.r., to get a foot entangled in the halter; to get entangled; to get confused, embarrassed.

=enchevêtrure=, n.f., (carp.) binding; (vet.) halter-cast.

=enchifrené=, =-e=, part., stuffed up (of the nose). Je suis tout —; my nose is all stuffed up.

=enchifrènement= (-èn-mān), n.m., stuffing up (of the nose); snuffles.

s’=enchifrener=, v.r., to get a cold in the head.

=enchiridion= (-ki-), n.m., (antiq.) manual, enchiridion.

=enchymose= (-ki-), n.f., (med.) cutaneous hyperæmia.

=enclave=, n.f., piece of inclosed land; boundary, limit; recess (of a lock on a river).

=enclavé=, =-e=, part., inclosed.

=enclavement= (an-klav-mān), n.m., inclosing.

=enclaver=, v.a., to inclose; to hem in, to wedge in.

s’=enclaver=, v.r., to be inclosed (in other land).

=enclin=, =-e=, adj., inclined, prone, addicted, apt, given to.

=encliquetage=, n.m., (tech.) catch.

=encliqueter=, v.a., to cog with a catch.

=enclitique=, n.f., (gram.) enclitic.

=encloîtrer=, v.a., to cloister.

=enclore=, v.a., to inclose, to fence or take in.

=enclos=, n.m., inclosure, close; paddock, orchard.

=enclouage=, n.m., spiking.

=enclouer=, v.a., to prick animals (in shoeing); to spike (a gun).

=enclouure=, n.f., prick (in shoeing, etc.); difficulty, obstacle, hitch.

=enclume=, n.f., anvil; (anat.) incus. Billot d’—; anvil-block. Être entre le marteau et l’—; to be between the devil and the deep sea. Remettre sur l’—; to remodel. Il frappe toujours sur la même —; he is always harping on the same string.

=enclumeau= or =enclumot=, n.m., hand-anvil.

=encoche=, n.f., notch (on a tally, etc.).

=encocher=, v.a., to notch. — une flèche; to fit an arrow in the bow.

=encoffrer=, v.n., to put in a coffer; to lay up; to bag, to cage, to quod.

*=encoignure= or =encognure= (an-ko-gnur), n.f., corner; angle (of a street); corner-piece.

=encollage=, n.m., sizing.

=encoller=, v.a., to size.

=encolure=, n.f., neck and shoulders of a horse; (b.s.) appearance, looks (of a person).

=encombrant=, adj., bulky, cumbering, encumbering, cumbersome.

=encombre=, n.m., accident, impediment, hindrance, obstacle.

=encombrement=, n.m., obstruction, stoppage; crowding, crowd.

=encombrer=, v.a., to obstruct, to encumber, to embarrass, to block up; to throng.

à l’=encontre=, prep., counter, against. Aller à l’— de quelque chose; to run counter to a thing.

=encorbellement= (-bèl-mān), n.m., (arch.) corbeling, projecting.

=encore=, adv., yet, still, more, again; once more; further; moreover; besides, however. Il n’est pas — venu; he is not yet come. À sept heures j’attendais —; at seven o’clock I was still waiting. —? what, again? Outre l’argent, on lui donna — un cheval; besides the money, he had, moreover, a horse given him. — s’il voulait m’envoyer dire; if, only, he would send me word. Vous servez-vous — de ce livre? are you still using that book? Il est — plus riche que son frère; he is still richer than his brother. Quoi —? what else? — moins; still less. Prenez — un verre de vin; take another glass of wine. — une fois je vous dis; I tell you once more. Hier —; only yesterday.

=encore=, conj., even, yet. — que; though, although.

=encorné=, =-e=, adj., horned, tossed.

=encorner=, v.a., to horn; to gore; to toss.

=encourageant=, =-e=, adj., encouraging, cheering, inspiriting.

=encouragement= (-raj-mān), n.m., encouragement, incitement, incentive; countenance, support.

=encourager=, v.a., to encourage, to stimulate; to contenance, to support, to be a promoter of.

s’=encourager=, v.r., to encourage each other.

=encourir=, v.a., to incur, to draw down upon one’s self, to fall under. — le mépris de tout le monde; to draw down general contempt upon one’s self.

=encouture=, n.f., (nav.) clincher-work.

=encrage=, n.m., (print.) inking.

=encrassement=, n.m., fouling (of fire-arms).

=encrasser=, v.a., to make dirty, to dirty; to foul.

s’=encrasser=, v.r., to get foul or greasy, to become dirty; to lower one’s self; to become foul.

=encre=, n.f., ink. — à écrire; writing ink. — d’imprimerie; printing ink. — de Chine; Indian ink. C’est la bouteille à l’—; there’s no seeing through that. Tacher d’—; to ink. Ecrire de bonne — à quelqu’un; to write in strong terms to any one. Être dans la bouteille à l’—; to be in the secret.

=encrêper=, v.a., to cover with crape.

s’=encrêper=, v.r., to put on crape.

=encrer=, v.a., (print.) to ink. v.n., to take the ink.

=encrier=, n.m., inkstand, ink-horn; (print.) ink-trough. Table d’—; (print.) ink-table.

=encroué=, adj., entangled (of trees).

=encroûté=, =-e=, part., covered with a crust; rusty; full of prejudices.

=encroûter=, v.a., to crust; to plaster a wall.

s’=encroûter=, v.r., to crust, to get hard, to become heavy; to become stupid, rusty.

=encuirasser=, v.a., to cover with a cuirass.

s’=encuirasser=, v.r., to put on one’s cuirass; to get covered with dirt; to become hardened.

=enculasser=, v.a., to breech (a gun).

=encuvement= (ān-kuv-mān), =encuvage=, n.m., tubbing.

=encuver=, v.a., to put into a vat, to tub.

=encyclique=, n.f. and adj., encyclical letter; encyclical.

=encyclopédie=, n.f., encyclopædia.

=encyclopédique=, adj., encyclopedic.

=encyclopédiste=, n.m., encyclopedist.

=endécagone=, n.m. and adj., (geom.) hendecagon.

=endémique=, adj., endemical, endemic.

=endenté=, =-e=, adj., indented; furnished with teeth.

=endenter=, v.a., (carp.) to indent; to cog, to tooth, to supply with teeth.

=endetter=, v.a., to cause to run into debt; to get a person into debt.

s’=endetter=, v.r., to run into debt, to contract debts.

=endêvé=, =-e=, n. and adj., (fam., l.u.) irritable, passionate person; impatient, irritable, passionate.

=endêver=, v.n., to fume, to be vexed. Faire — quelqu’un; to vex any one; to drive any one mad.

=endiablé=, =-e=, adj., possessed; devilish; wicked, horrible.

=endiablé=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., person possessed. C’est un —; he is like one possessed.

=endiabler=, v.n., to be furious. Faire —; to torment, to plague to death; to render furious.

=endiguement=, =endigage=, n.m., damming in; damming up.

=endiguer= (-ghé), v.a., to dam in; to dam up; to embank.

=endimanché=, =-e=, adj., dressed in Sunday best; with all one’s finery on.

s’=endimancher=, v.r., to put on one’s Sunday clothes.

=endive=, n.f., endive.

=endoctriner=, v.a., to indoctrinate, to teach; to give his cue (to any one).

=endoctrineur=, n.m., teacher; prompter.

=endolori=, =-e=, adj., painful, aching, sore.

s’=endolorir=, v.r., to make sore, tender; to ache, to become sore.

=endolorissement=, n.m., pain, aching, soreness.

=endommagement= (-maj-mān), n.m., loss, injury.

=endommager=, v.a., to damage, to injure.

s’=endommager=, v.r., to be damaged; to become deteriorated.

=endormeur=, n.m., cajoler, wheedler, flatterer, coaxer.

=endormi=, =-e=, part., asleep, sleeping; sleepy, drowsy, sluggish; benumbed. J’ai la jambe —e; my leg is benumbed.

=endormi=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., sleepy person; sleepy head; person asleep. Faire l’—; to sham sleep.

=endormir=, v.a., to lull asleep, to send to sleep; to rock to sleep; to wheedle, to amuse, to deceive; to benumb, to lull. Endormez cet enfant; rock that child to sleep. Sa conversation vous endort; his conversation sends you to sleep. Cela m’a endormi la jambe; that has benumbed my leg.

s’=endormir=, v.r., to fall asleep, to go to sleep, to slumber; to be lulled into security. S’— du sommeil de la tombe; to sleep the sleep of death. S’— dans le vice; to be steeped in vice. Il s’est endormi sur cette affaire; he was wanting in vigilance in that business. S’— sur le rôti; to let slip the favorable opportunity.

=endos=, n.m., (com.) endorsement.

=endosmose=, n.f., (phys.) endosmose.

=endosse=, n.f., (fam.) trouble; burden.

=endossement= (ān-dôsmān), n.m., (com.) endorsement. V. =endos=, which is more frequently used.

=endosser=, v.a., to put on one’s back; to buckle on; to put on; to don; to saddle; (com.) to indorse. — une lettre de change; to indorse a bill of exchange. — le harnais; to put on the harness.

=endosseur=, n.m., (com.) indorser.

=endroit=, n.m., place, spot, part, passage; point; right side (of a stuff). Son plus bel —; any one’s, any thing’s, best side. — faible; weak point. — sensible; sensitive point. À l’— de; with regard, or with respect, to. À deux —s; reversible (of stuffs).

=enduire= (enduisant, enduit), v.a., to do over, to lay over, to coat, to smear. — une muraille de plâtre; to do a wall over with plaster.

=enduit=, n.m., coat, coating, layer; glaze, glazing; varnish; polish.

=endurant=, =-e=, adj., patient, enduring; tolerant. Peu —; impatient of injury.

=endurci=, =-e=, part., hardened, obdurate, inured, callous. Un cheval — aux coups; a horse inured to blows. Pécheur —; hardened sinner.

=endurci=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., hardened sinner.

=endurcir=, v.a., to harden, to make hard, to toughen, to inure; to render obdurate, to steel; to indurate; to render callous. Le travail endurcit le corps; labor hardens the body. L’avarice avait endurci son cœur; avarice had steeled his heart.

s’=endurcir=, v.r., to harden; to grow hard; to be steeled; to become callous; to indurate.

=endurcissement= (-sis-mān), n.m., hardness; hardness of heart, obduracy; callousness.

=endurer=, v.a., to endure, to bear; to suffer, to undergo; to allow, to put up with, to permit.

=énéide=, n.f., Eneid, Æneid.

=énéorème=, n.m., (med.) eneorema.

=énergie=, n.f., force, energy, strength, force, vigor, power. Avec —; with energy. Sans —; of no energy.

=énergique=, adj., energetic, energetical, strong, vigorous, forcible. Remède —; powerful remedy.

=énergiquement= (-jik-mān), adv., energetically, vigorously, strenuously.

=énergumène=, n.m.f., demoniac; fanatic; desperado.

=énervation=, n.f., or =énervement=, n.m., enervation.

=énerver=, v.a., to enervate, to unnerve.

s’=énerver=, v.r., to become enervated or unnerved.

=enfaîteau=, n.m., (mas.) ridge-tile, gutter-tile.

=enfaîtement= (ān-fêt-mān), n.m., (arch.) ridge-lead.

=enfaîter=, v.a., to ridge a house.

=enfance=, n.f., infancy, childhood; childishness, puerility, dotage; childish action. Première —; earliest infancy. Dès mon —; from my infancy. Sortir de l’—; to emerge from childhood. Être en —; to be in one’s dotage. Tomber en —; to become childish.

=enfant=, n.m.f., child; infant; native; (jur.) issue. — adoptif; adopted child. L’— prodigue; the prodigal son. L’— à naître; the child unborn. — trouvé; foundling. — naturel; natural child. Un — de famille; a young gentleman. — de la balle; child that follows his father’s profession, or chip of the old block. Un — à la mamelle; an infant at the breast. Un — mort-né; a still-born child. Discours d’—; childish language. — de chœur; chorister. Les —s perdus; (milit.) the forlorn hope. Faire l’—; to play the child; to behave like a child. C’est bien l’— de sa mère; he is a chip of the old block. En travail d’—; in labor. C’est un bon —; he is a good child, he is a good fellow. Les —s de France; the children of the King of France, the children of the eldest son of the King of France. Petits enfants; little children. Petits-enfants; grandchildren.

=enfantement= (ān-fān-tmān), n.m., childbirth.

=enfanter=, v.a., to bear, to bring forth; to produce; to beget; to bring to light; to give birth to.

=enfantillage=, n.m., child’s play, childishness.

=enfantin=, =-e=, adj., infantine, childish.

=enfariner=, v.a., to flour, to sprinkle with flour. Être enfariné de quelque science; to have a smattering of some science. Être enfariné d’une mauvaise doctrine; to be prepossessed in favor of a bad doctrine. Il est venu nous dire cela la gueule enfarinée; (triv.) he came, full of stupid confidence, to tell us that.

=enfer= (an-fèr), n.m., hell; infernal, or lower, regions. Au fond de l’—; in the depths of hell. Les peines de l’—; the torments of hell. L’— s’est déchaîné contre moi; hell is let loose against me. Tison d’—; hell-hound. Un feu d’—; a scathing fire.

=enfermé=, n.m., close, confined air. Sentir l’—; to smell close.

=enfermer=, v.a., to shut, to shut in; to shut up; to lock up; to inclose; to coop up, to conceal; to comprehend, to comprise. C’est un homme à —; that man ought to be confined in a mad-house. — à clef; to keep under lock and key. — un parc de murailles; to wall in a park.

s’=enfermer=, v.r., to lock one’s self up, to seclude one’s self; to lock, to lock up (of a thing).

=enferrer=, v.a., to run any one through with a sword, etc.; to transfix.

s’=enferrer=, v.r., to run one’s self through with a sword, etc.; (fig.) to injure one’s self; to fall into a snare; to get into a fix.

=enficeler=, v.a., to tie with a string.

=enfièvrement=, n.m., feverishness.

=enfilade=, n.f., suite (of chambers); string (of phrases); (milit.) enfilade. D’—; raking (fire).

=enfiler=, v.a., to thread, to string; to pierce, to run any one through with a sword, etc.; to engage in; to slip on; (milit.) to enfilade. — une aiguille; to thread a needle. — des perles; to string pearls; to lose one’s time. — un discours; to begin a long-winded speech. — un homme; to run a man through the body.

s’=enfiler=, v.r., to be run through, to be pierced; to get engaged or involved in.

=enfileur=, n.m., header (in pin-making); prattler; (pop.) cheat, wheedler.

=enfin=, adv., in fine, finally, at length, in short, after all, at last, lastly.

=enflammé=, =-e=, part., on fire, in flames, ignited; kindled.

=enflammer=, v.a., to set on fire, to fire, to set in a blaze, to kindle; to inflame, to heat; to incense, to provoke.

s’=enflammer=, v.r., to take fire, to be kindled, to be inflamed, to blaze; to be ablaze; to be incensed; to ignite. On vit tout le vaisseau s’—; they saw the whole ship ablaze or break into flames.

=enflé=, =-e=, part., swelled, inflated, puffed up, bloated; (lit.) bombastic, turgid, high-flown.

=enfle-bœuf=, n.m., golden-beetle.

=enflécher=, v.n., (nav.) to go up into the shrouds.

=enfléchure=, n.f., shroud, ratline.

=enfler=, v.a., to swell, to swell out, to blow out, to bloat; to puff up, to distend, to elate, to excite; to inflate. Le vent enflait nos voiles; the wind swelled our sails.

s’=enfler=, v.r., to swell, to grow turgid. La voile s’enfle; the sail swells out. S’— d’orgueil; to be puffed up with pride.

=enflure=, n.f., bloatedness, swelling; (fig.) bombast, turgidness. — du style; turgidness of style.

=enfoncé=, =-e=, part., broken open, sunken. Des yeux enfoncés; sunken eyes. —! (pop.) dished! done for!

=enfoncement= (ān-fons-mān), n.m., sinking, sinking down; breaking in; recess; (paint.) background.

=enfoncer=, v.a., to sink, to sink to the bottom; to drive in; to break in; to outwit, to surpass; to ruin, to blow up, to dish, to diddle. — un clou dans la muraille; to drive a nail into the wall. — son chapeau; to pull one’s hat over one’s eyes. — un bataillon; to break through a battalion.

s’=enfoncer=, v.r., to sink, to sink down; to break down; to bury one’s self in; to plunge; to fail, to make a mess of. S’— dans un bois; to dive into a wood. Cet homme s’enfonce dans l’étude; that man buries himself in study. S’— dans la débauche; to plunge into debauchery.

=enfoncer=, v.n., to sink.

=enfonceur=, n.m., one who breaks in or through anything; (fig.) cheat, diddler. — de portes ouvertes; braggart.

=enfonçure=, n.f., cavity, hole, hollow; boards (of a bedstead); bottom pieces (of casks).

=enforcir=, v.a., to strengthen.

s’=enforcir=, v.r., to gather strength; to grow stronger.

=enforcir=, v.n., to gather strength, to get strength.

=enformer=, v.a., to put on the block; to block (hats).

=enfouir=, v.a., to hide or bury in the ground, to cover with earth.

=enfouissement= (ān-foo-is-mān), n.m., burying, hiding in the ground.

=enfouisseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., burier.

=enfourcher=, v.a., to bestride, to straddle; to pierce with a pitchfork.

=enfourchure=, n.f., fork, crotch; (hunt.) forked head (of a stag).

=enfourner=, v.a., to put in the oven. Bien —, mal —; to make a good, a bad, beginning.

=enfournée=, n.f., putting in the oven or kiln.

s’=enfourner=, v.r., to get into a difficult road, into a blind alley, into a scrape.

=enfreindre= (enfreignant, enfreint), v.a., to infringe, to break, to violate. — un traité; to infringe a treaty. — les lois; to transgress the laws.

=enfroquer=, v.a., (b.s.) to make (any one) turn monk or friar.

s’=enfroquer=, v.r., (b.s.) to turn monk.

s’=enfuir=, v.r., to run away, to flee, to take flight, to escape; to run off; to elope; to run out, to leak. Ils s’étaient enfuis de prison; they had made their escape from prison. La bouteille s’enfuit; the bottle leaks.

=enfumé=, =-e=, part., smoked, smoky.

=enfumer=, v.a., to smoke, to fill with smoke, to smoke out. — un renard; to smoke out a fox.

=enfutage=, n.m., casking.

=enfutailler=, v.a., to cask, to barrel, to tun.

=engagé=, n.m., enlisted soldier.

=engagé=, =-e=, part., engaged, enlisted; (nav.) in action, water-logged. La clef est —e dans la serrure; the key sticks in the lock. Vaisseau —; water-logged ship.

=engageant=, =-e= (-jān-t), adj., engaging, winning, pleasing, taking, winsome. Il a des manières —es; he has winning manners.

=engageantes=, n.f.pl., short under-sleeves with lace cuffs.

=engagement= (ān-gaj-mān), n.m., engagement, pledging, pawning; engagement (promise); enlisting; (milit.) bounty; (milit.) action. pl., (com.) liabilities. Entrer dans un —; to enter into an engagement. Manquer à un —; to fail to keep an engagement.

=engager=, v.a., to pawn, to pledge; to engage, to induce, to invite, to persuade, to urge; (milit.) to enlist; to hire; to bind; (b.s.) to involve; to unite; to compel. — ses meubles; to pledge one’s furniture. Cela ne vous engage à rien; that binds you to nothing. — quelqu’un dans une mauvaise affaire; to entangle any one in a bad business. — le combat; to begin the action. — un soldat; to enlist a soldier. — une clef dans une serrure; to entangle a key in a lock.

s’=engager=, v.r., to engage one’s self, to be a security, to promise, to take upon one’s self, to undertake, to bind one’s self; to hire one’s self; to enlist; to entangle one’s self, to get involved. S’— pour un ami; to stand security for a friend. S’— dans une mauvaise affaire; to get involved in a bad business. Le combat ne tarda pas à s’—; the battle soon began.

☉=engagiste=, n.m., tenant (of crown lands).

=engaîner=, v.a., to sheathe; to case; to put up (of swords).

=enganter=, v.a., (nav.) to come up with, to overtake, to overreach; to entrap, to cajole, to insnare.

=engazonner=, v.a., to turf; to cover with turf.

=engeance= (an-jāns), n.f., breed, brood (animal); (b.s.) race (pers.). Des poules d’une grande —; hens of a large breed. Maudite —; cursed race. Quelle —! what a lot or set!

=engeancer=, v.a., to embarrass; to saddle (with).

=engelure= (an-jlur), n.f., chilblain.

=engendrer=, v.a., to beget, to engender, to generate, to procreate; to breed, to spawn; (fig.) to produce, to give rise, to occasion. Ne pas — la mélancolie; to be of a very gay disposition. Le mauvais air engendre des maladies; bad air breeds diseases. La familiarité engendre le mépris; familiarity begets contempt.

s’=engendrer=, v.r., to be bred, engendered; to breed, to be produced, generated.

=engeoler=, v.a. V. =enjôler=.

=engeoleur=, n.m. V. =enjôleur=.

=engerber=, v.a., to sheaf, to bind, to heap up.

=engin=, n.m., machine, engine; snare, gin, net; hoist (of a mill).

=englober=, v.a., to unite; to put, to throw, together.

=engloutir=, v.a., to swallow up, to devour; to ingulf; to absorb; to dissipate, to squander away; to run through.

s’=engloutir=, v.r., to be swallowed up, to be ingulfed.

=engloutissement=, n.m., ingulfing, swallowing up, sinking.

=engloutisseu-r=, =-se=, n.m.f. and adj., swallower, devourer; devouring.

=engluer=, v.a., to lime, to daub with bird-lime; (fig.) to take in.

s’=engluer=, v.r., to be caught, to stick in bird-lime; to be caught, to be taken in (pers.).

=engoncé=, =-e=, adj., awkward, ungainly.

=engoncement=, n.m., awkward appearance.

=engoncer=, v.a., to cramp, to disfigure, to give an awkward appearance to.

=engorgement=, n.m., obstruction, stopping up, congestion.

=engorger=, v.a., to obstruct, to block up, to choke up, to stop up; (med.) to congest.

s’=engorger=, v.r., to be obstructed, choked up; (med.) to be congested.

=engoué=, =-e=, adj., infatuated with; wrapped up in; obstructed, choked.

=engouement= or =engoûment= (ān-goo-mān), n.m., infatuation; (med. vet.) obstruction. On ne saurait le faire revenir de son —; it is impossible to cure him of his infatuation.

=engouer=, v.a., to obstruct the throat; to infatuate.

s’=engouer=, v.r., to obstruct one’s throat; to be obstructed; to be infatuated. S’— d’une femme; to be wrapped up in a woman.

=engouffrer=, v.a., to ingulf, to swallow up.

s’=engouffrer=, v.r., to be ingulfed; to blow hard; to rush (of the wind in a narrow passage); to run into. Le vent s’engouffre dans la cheminée; the wind rushes into the chimney. Que de fortunes se sont engouffrées dans cette entreprise! how many fortunes have been swallowed up in that enterprise!

=engoulé=, =-e=, adj., gobbled up; (her.) engoulee.

=engouler=, v.a., to swallow up, to gobble up.

=engoulevent= (ān-gool-vān), n.m., (orni.) fern-owl; goat-sucker.

=engourdi=, =-e=, adj., torpid, benumbed, dull.

=engourdir=, v.a., to benumb, to make torpid; to dull, to make languid, to enervate. Le froid engourdit les mains; cold benumbs one’s hands. L’oisiveté engourdit l’esprit; idleness benumbs the mind.

s’=engourdir=, v.r., to get benumbed; to become torpid, enervated, enfeebled.

=engourdissement= (ān-goor-dis-mān), n.m., numbness, torpor, enervation. Avoir un — au bras; to have a numbness in the arm. Tirer quelqu’un de son —; to rouse any one from his torpor.

=engrainer=, v.a., to feed with grain; to fill the mill-hopper.

=engrais=, n.m., rich pasture; fatting; manure, soil. Mettre des bœufs à l’—; to put oxen to fatten.

=engraissement= (ān-grès-mān), n.m., fattening; corpulence.

=engraisser=, v.a., to fatten, to cram (poultry); to manure. — des bestiaux; to fatten cattle.

=engraisser=, v.n., to become corpulent; to fatten; to thrive.

s’=engraisser=, v.r., to fatten, to grow fat, stout; to grow rich; to grow thick or ropy. S’— des misères publiques; to fatten on public misery.

=engranger=, v.a., (agri.) to get in, to house, to store.

=engravement= (ān-grav-mān), n.m., (nav.) stranding.

=engraver=, v.a., to run aground, to strand; (nav.) to place, to hide, things in the ballast.

=engraver=, v.n., s’—, v.r., (nav.) to get embedded in the sand.

=engrêlé=, =-e=, adj., (of lace) purled; (her.) engrailed.

=engrêler=, v.a., (her.) to engrail; to purl.

=engrêlure=, n.f., purl; (her.) engrailing.

=engrenage=, n.m., gear, gearing (mec.). À —; serrated. Roue d’—; brake-wheel.

=engrener=, v.a., to put corn (in the mill-hopper); to feed with corn; to throw into gear, to engage (mec.).

s’=engrener=, v.r., to work into each other (of toothed wheels); to be put in gear. Ces roues s’engrènent bien; these wheels work well into each other.

=engrener=, v.n., to put corn (into the mill-hopper); to work into each other (of toothed wheels); to begin. Il a bien engrené; he has begun well.

=engrenure=, n.f., toothing, cogging.

=engrosser=, v.a., (l.ex.) to make pregnant, to get with child. v.n., to be with child.

s’=engrumeler=, v.r., to clot, to coagulate.

*=enguenillé=, =-e= (āng-), part., tattered.

*=engueniller=, v.a., to clothe in tatters.

*s’=engueniller=, v.r., to be clothed in tatters.

=enhardir=, v.a., to embolden, to encourage. Ce succès l’avait enhardi; that success had emboldened him.

s’=enhardir=, v.r., to make bold, to grow bold. Il s’est enhardi à parler en public; he made bold to speak in public.

=enharmonique=, adj., (mus.) enharmonic.

=enharnachement=, n.m., harnessing, trappings.

=enharnacher=, v.a., to harness; to rig out, to deck out, to accoutre. Vous voilà plaisamment enharnaché; you are oddly accoutred.

=enherber=, v.a., to turn into pasture land.

=énieller=, v.a., to clear of corn-cockles.

=énigmatique=, adj., enigmatical.

=énigmatiquement= (-tik-mān), adv., enigmatically.

=énigme=, n.f., enigma, riddle. Deviner une —; to guess a riddle. Vous parlez par —s; you speak in riddles. Proposer une —; to put a riddle. Mot d’une —; answer to a riddle.

=enivrant=, =-e=, adj., intoxicating.

=enivré=, =-e=, part., intoxicated.

=enivrement=, n.m., intoxication.

=enivrer=, v.a., to inebriate, to intoxicate; to elate. La bière enivre comme le vin; beer intoxicates as well as wine. La prospérité nous enivre; prosperity elates us.

s’=enivrer=, v.r., to get intoxicated; to be elated (with). Il s’est enivré à ce repas; he got intoxicated at that diner. S’— d’espérance; to be elated with hope. S’— de son vin; to drink alone and to excess; to have too good an opinion of one’s self.

=enjabler=, v.a., to bottom or head (a cask).

=enjaler=, v.a., (nav.) to stock (an anchor).

=enjambée=, n.f., stride. Faire de grandes —s; to take long strides.

=enjambement= (ān-jān-bmān), n.m., (poet.) running of the sense into the next line; overlapping; encroaching.

=enjamber=, v.n., to stride; to project, to encroach upon; (poet.) to overlap, to encroach.

=enjamber=, v.a., to stride over, to skip or leap over.

=enjaveler= (ān-ja-vlé), v.a., (agri.) to sheaf.

=enjeu=, n.m., stake (at play). Retirer son —; to withdraw one’s stake; to declare off.

=enjoindre=, v.a., to enjoin, to charge, to direct, to command, to prescribe. Dieu nous enjoint d’observer ses lois; God commands us to observe his laws. Il lui est enjoint de; he is directed to.

=enjôlement=, n.m., wheedling, coaxing, inveigling.

=enjôler=, v.a., to coax, to wheedle, to inveigle.

=enjôleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., wheedler, coaxer.

=enjolivement= (-liv-mān), n.m., embellishment, decoration, ornament, set-off, flourish.

=enjoliver=, v.a., to embellish, to adorn, to set off, to ornament, to beautify.

=enjoliveur=, n.m., (b.s.) embellisher.

=enjolivure=, n.f., set-off, ornament, embellishment.

=enjoué=, =-e=, adj., playful, sprightly; lively, sportive. Il a l’humeur —e; he is of a playful disposition. Il écrit d’un style —; he writes in a sportive style.

=enjouement= or =enjoûment= (ān-joo-mān), n.m., playfulness, sportiveness, sprightliness, liveliness, humor. Avec —; playfully.

=enkysté=, =-e=, adj., (med.) encysted.

s’=enkyster=, v.r., to become encysted.

=enlacement= (ān-las-mān), n.m., lacing, entwining; interweaving, entanglement.

=enlacer=, v.a., to lace; to entwine; to twist; to interlace; to clasp; to interweave. — quelqu’un dans ses bras; to clasp in one’s arms.

s’=enlacer=, v.r., to entwine; to twist; to be interlaced.

=enlaidir=, v.a., to make ugly, to disfigure.

=enlaidir=, v.n., to grow ugly, to be disfigured.

=enlaidissement= (-dis-mān), n.m., ugliness; disfigurement.

=enlèvement= (ān-lèv-mān), n.m., carrying off; removal; carrying off forcibly, kidnaping; abduction; translation (to heaven); buying up, monopoly. L’— des Sabines; the rape of the Sabines.

=enlever=, v.a., to lift, to raise; to carry, to carry off; to carry away; to rescue; to pick out; to carry away forcibly, to kidnap; to take off, to clear away, to remove; to sweep off; to charm, to delight, to burn (the mouth). On lui a enlevé sa femme; his wife has been carried off. On lui a enlevé ses meubles; his furniture has been removed. Enlevez cela de dessus la table; take that off the table. — une place; (milit.) to carry a town. — la peau; to flay the skin. La mort l’a enlevé à la fleur de son âge; death carried him off in his prime. — des taches; to take out stains. — tous les prix; to carry off all the prizes. Cela enlève la bouche; that burns the mouth. Enlevé! carried! done! Se faire — par; to elope with.

s’=enlever=, v.r., to rise, to be lifted; to come off, to peel off; to come out; to go off (of goods on sale); to get into a passion.

=enleveur=, n.m., kidnaper, abductor, ravisher.

=enlier=, v.a., (mas.) to bond, to bind (stones).

=enlisement=, n.m., ingulfing, swallowing up (in sand).

s’=enliser=, v.r., to be ingulfed, swallowed up.

=enluminer=, v.a., to color, to illuminate, to flush (the complexion); (lit.) to overload with ornaments. Visage enluminé; flushed or red face.

s’=enluminer=, v.r., to rouge, to paint. S’— la trogne (triv.); to get a red nose (from drinking).

=enlumineu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., map or print colorer; illuminator.

=enluminure=, n.f., coloring; colored print; tinsel.

=ennéagone= (è-n-né-), n.m., (geom.) enneagon.

=ennéagonal=, adj., nonagon, enneagonal.

=ennéandrie= (è-n-né-), n.f., (bot.) enneandria.

=ennemi=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., (è-n-mi), enemy, foe; thing prejudicial. — déclaré; open or avowed enemy. C’est autant de pris sur l’—; it is so much gained from the enemy. Il n’y a pas de petit —; every enemy is to be feared.

=ennemi=, =-e=, adj., hostile, inimical; injurious; adverse, contrary, hurtful, prejudicial; (paint.) unfriendly. La fortune —e; adverse fortune. L’armée —e; the enemy.

=ennoblir=, v.a., to ennoble, to dignify, to exalt.

s’=ennoblir=, v.r., to be ennobled, exalted. S’— de; to be proud of, to rejoice at.

=ennui=, n.m., tediousness, weariness; tedium, spleen, vexation, boredom; tiresome thing; nuisance. Quel —! what a nuisance!

=ennuyant=, =-e=, adj., annoying, tedious, irksome, tiresome. Cela est fort —; that is very tiresome. Temps —; trying weather.

=ennuyer=, v.a., to tire, to weary, to be tiresome, to be tedious, to tease, to annoy, to bother, to vex, to bore. Cela m’ennuie; that annoys me. Cela m’ennuie à la mort; that bores me to death.

s’=ennuyer=, v.r., to be wearied, to have a bad time of it, to tire one’s self, to feel dull, to be bored. Il s’ennuie de tout; he wearies of everything.

=ennuyeusement= (ān-nui-ieûz-mān), adv., tediously, irksomely.

=ennuyeu-x=, =-se=, n. and adj., tiresome person, bore; tedious, wearisome, dull, tiresome; annoying, provoking, vexing. Livre —; dull, tedious book.

=énoncé=, n.m., statement; (geom.) enunciation, assertion, déclaration, terms.

=énoncer=, v.a., to state, to express, to declare, to utter, to word, to enunciate.

s’=énoncer=, v.r., to express one’s self; to be expressed. Il s’énonce bien; he expresses himself well. Il n’a pas le don de s’—; he has not the gift of expressing himself clearly.

=énonciati-f=, =-ve=, adj., enunciative, enunciatory.

=énonciation=, n.f., enunciation, delivery, utterance; statement; expression, wording.

*=enorgueillir= (ān-nor-ghĕ-yir), v.a., to make proud, to elevate, to puff up.

*s’=enorgueillir= (ān-nor-ghĕ-yir), v.r., to be, to grow proud of, to be puffed up, to become elated, to glory in, to pride one’s self upon.

=énorme=, adj., enormous, huge, atrocious, heinous. Crime —; heinous crime.

=énormément=, adv., enormously, hugely, immensely, beyond measure.

=énormité=, n.f., enormousness, hugeness, vastness; enormity, atrocity, heinousness.

=énouage=, n.m., burling, picking.

=énouer=, v.a., to pick cloth; to burl.

☉=enquérant=, =-e=, adj., inquisitive, prying.

s’=enquérir= (s’enquérant, enquis), v.r., to inquire, to ask, to make inquiries. Il faut s’— de la vérité du fait; we must inquire into the truth of the matter.

=enquête=, n.f., inquiry, inquest; investigation, examination, commission. — en matière criminelle; criminal investigation. Ordonner une —; to direct an inquiry to be made; to appoint a commission of inquiry.

☉s’=enquêter=, v.r., to inquire, to care for.

=enraciné=, =-e=, adj., rooted, inveterate, deep seated.

=enraciner=, v.a., to root, to implant. Des préjugés enracinés; inveterate prejudices.

s’=enraciner=, v.r., to take root, to become rooted. Il ne faut pas laisser s’— les maux; evils must not be allowed to take root.

=enragé=, =-e=, part., mad, rabid, desperate, raging, enraged; obstinate, determined. Manger de la vache —e; to know hard times; to undergo great hardships. Un chien —; a mad dog.

=enragé=, n.m., madman.

=enrageant=, =-e= (-jān, -t), adj., vexing, maddening.

=enrager=, v.n., to be mad, to run mad, to go mad, to be enraged, to fume; to stamp with rage. Faire —; to madden. — contre quelqu’un; to be enraged against any one. Il n’enrage pas pour mentir; he makes light of telling lies.

=enraiement= or =enrayement=, n.m., putting on the drag, skidding; locking.

=enrayer=, v.a., to put spokes to; to skid (a wheel), to put on the drag; to apply the brake; (agri.) to plow the first furrow; (fig.) to stop; to keep down, to moderate, to stem.

=enrayer=, v.n., to put on the drag, to skid (of a wheel); (fig.) to keep down, to moderate, to check.

=enrayure=, n.f., drag, skid; lock-chain.

=enrégimenter=, v.a., to embody, to form into regiments; to enroll.

=enregistrable=, adj., registrable.

=enregistré=, =-e=, adj., registered, recorded.

=enregistrement=, n.m., registering, registry, entry, enrollment. Faire l’—; to register.

=enregistrer=, v.a., to register, to enter in a register, to enroll, to record.

=enregistreur=, n.m., registrar.

=enrêner=, v.a., to rein in, to tie by the reins.

=enrênoire=, n.f., peg for tying reins.

=enrhumer=, v.a., to give a cold to any one. Je suis enrhumé; I have a cold. Être enrhumé du cerveau; to have a cold in the head.

s’=enrhumer=, v.r., to catch cold.

=enrichi=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., upstart.

=enrichir=, v.a., to enrich, to make rich; to adorn, to embellish; to store. — son esprit; to enrich one’s mind.

s’=enrichir=, v.r., to enrich one’s self with, to grow rich, to thrive; to be stored. S’— des dépouilles d’autrui; to thrive on the spoils of others.

=enrichissement= (-shis-mān), n.m., enriching, embellishment, adornment.

=enrôlement= (ān-rôl-măn), n.m., enlisting, enlistment, enrollment.

=enrôler=, v.a., to enlist, to enroll.

s’=enrôler=, v.r., to enroll one’s self, to enlist.

=enroué=, =-e=, adj., hoarse, husky.

=enrouement= or =enroûment= (ān-roo-mān), n.m., hoarseness, huskiness.

=enrouer=, v.a., to make hoarse.

s’=enrouer=, v.r., to become, to get, hoarse, husky.

*=enrouiller=, v.a., to rust, to make rusty. L’humidité enrouille le fer; damp rusts iron.

s’=enrouiller=, v.r., to grow, to get rusty.

=enroulement= (ān-rool-mān), n.m., rolling up; (arch.) scroll.

=enrouler=, v.a., to roll, to roll up, to twist, to coil.

s’=enrouler=, v.r., to roll one’s self up; to roll up; to twist round.

=enrubanner=, v.a., to deck out with ribbons.

s’=enrubanner=, v.r., to deck one’s self out with ribbons; to adorn one’s self too much.

=enrue=, n.f., large furrow.

=ensablement=, n.m., sand-bank; ballasting.

=ensabler=, v.a., to run aground, to strand; to cover with sand; to ballast.

s’=ensabler=, v.r., to run aground; to sink in sand; to be blocked up with sand.

=ensacher=, v.a., to bag.

=ensaisinement=, n.m., (feudal law) acknowledging a purchaser of land as a tenant.

=ensaisiner=, v.a., to put in possession of property; (feudal law) to acknowledge a purchaser of land as a tenant.

=ensanglanter=, v.a., to make bloody, to stain with blood.

=enseignable=, adj., teachable.

*=enseignant=, =-e=, adj., teaching. Corps —; university; body of teachers; staff.

*=enseigne=, n.f., mark, sign, sign-board; ensign (flag); ☉ensigncy; streamer (flag). n.m., ensign (officer), standard-bearer. — de vaisseau; sub-lieutenant. À bonnes —s; deservedly; on sure grounds. Être logé à même —; to be in the same predicament. À telles —s que; so much so that; as proof. À bon vin point d’—; good wine needs no bush.

*=enseignement= (ān-sègn-mān), n.m., precept, instruction, teaching, teaching profession; tuition; lesson. ☉pl., (jur.) proof. Il est dans l’—; he is a teacher, a master.

*=enseigner=, v.a., to teach, to teach how to, to instruct; to show, to inform, to direct to. Enseignez-nous le chemin; show us the way. Enseignez-nous la maison; direct us to the house.

=ensellé=, =-e=, adj., saddle-backed.

=ensemble=, adv., together, conjointly, at the same time. Mêler —; to mix together. Ils ne sont pas bien —; they are not friends.

=ensemble=, n.m., whole, general effect; mass; uniformity; harmony. Tout cela forme un assez bel —; all that forms a respectable whole. Morceau d’—; a concerted piece of music; part music. Le tout —; the whole, the general effect. Mouvement d’—; combined movement.

=ensemencement= (āns-māns-mān), n.m., (agri.) sowing.

=ensemencer=, v.a., to sow. S’—; to be sowed.

=enserrer=, v.a., ☉to contain, to inclose; to lock up; to encompass, to hem in; (gard.) to put into a greenhouse.

=ensevelir= (ān-sĕ-vlir), v.a., to shroud, to put in a shroud; to bury; to swallow up, to entomb, to ingulf; to engross; to absorb. — les morts; to bury the dead. Être enseveli dans le chagrin; to be absorbed in grief.

s’=ensevelir=, v.r., to be buried; to bury one’s self.

=ensevelissement= (ān-sĕ-vlis-mān), n.m., putting in a shroud; burying, burial.

=ensevelisseu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., layer-out.

=ensiforme=, adj., ensiform, sword-shaped.

=ensoleillé=, =-e=, adj., sunny, bathed in sunshine.

=ensorceler=, v.a., to bewitch. Cette femme l’a ensorcelé; that woman has bewitched him.

=ensorceleu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., bewitcher. adj., bewitching.

=ensorcellement= (-sèl-mān), n.m., bewitchment.

=ensoufrer=, v.a., to dip in brimstone.

=ensuite=, adv., after, afterwards, then; in the next place; what then? what next? what of that! well! Vous irez là —; you will go there afterwards. — il me dit; then he told me. Et —? what then?

=ensuite=, prep., after (old). — de cela; after that. — de quoi; after which.

☉=ensuivant=, adj., following. V. =suivant=.

s’=ensuivre=, v.r., to follow, to result, to ensue, to spring, to proceed. Il s’ensuit que vous avez tort; it follows that you are in the wrong. Il ne s’ensuit pas que j’aie tort; it does not follow that I am wrong. De grands malheurs s’ensuivirent; great misfortunes resulted from it. [This verb is only used in the third person, singular and plural.]

=entablement=, n.m., (arch.) entablature; entablement; tablet.

s’=entabler=, v.r., (man.) to entable.

=entacher=, v.a., to taint, to infect; to sully, to tarnish.

*=entaille=, n.f., notch, gash; (carp.) mortise; groove.

*=entailler=, v.a., to notch; to cut away.

*=entaillure=, n.f., notch.

=entame=, n.f., first cut, first or outside slice (of a loaf).

=entamer=, v.a., to make an incision, to cut, to make the first cut; to broach, to begin; to break into; (milit.) to break through; (b.s.) to encroach, upon; (b.s.) to impair; to injure; to prevail upon. — la peau; to cut the skin. — un pain; to begin a loaf. — d’un coup de dent; to bite into. — une matière, un sujet; to begin, to broach a subject. — la réputation de quelqu’un; to injure any one’s reputation.

=entamure=, n.f., cut; first cut; incision; grazing; opening, beginning.

=entassement= (ān-tas-mān), n.m., heap, accumulation, pile; crowding.

=entasser=, v.a., to heap, to heap up, to pile up; to hoard, to hoard up; to accumulate; to cram; to huddle, to pack together. — des écus; to hoard up money. Personne entassée; thick-set person.

=entasseur=, n.m., hoarder, heaper.

=ente=, n.f., graft, block, tree bearing a graft; (paint.) handle (of a brush).

=entement=, n.m., grafting; joining.

=entendement= (ān-tand-mān), n.m., understanding; judgment, head, sense.

=entendeur=, n.m., hearer, understander. A bon — demi-mot suffit or a bon — salut; a word to the wise is sufficient.

=entendre=, v.a., to hear; to understand; to know; to expect, to require, to intend; to mean, to think proper. À vous —; according to you. J’ai entendu dire; I heard some people say. Il n’est pire sourd que celui qui ne veut pas —; none so deaf as those who won’t hear. — les témoins; to hear the witnesses. Il entend un peu l’anglais; he understands English a little. — mal; to misunderstand. Entendons-nous; let us come to a right understanding. — à demi-mot; to take the hint. Donner à —; to intimate, to hint. Ne pas — malice; to mean no harm. Il a fait allusion à votre disgrâce, mais sans y — malice; he alluded to your mishap, but he did not mean any harm. — raison; to listen to reason. — raillerie; to take a joke. Il n’entend pas raillerie; he cannot take a joke. Il n’entend pas la raillerie; he is no hand at jokes. — la messe, — les vêpres; to attend mass, vespers. Il entend bien son métier; he knows his trade very well. Cet homme n’entend rien aux affaires; that man knows nothing about business. Qu’entendez-vous par là? what do you mean by that? Chacun fait comme il l’entend; everybody does as he thinks proper.

s’=entendre=, v.r., to hear one another; to understand one another; to be heard; to be understood; to act in concert with, to have a secret understanding with; to come to an arrangement with; to come to terms with; to agree with, to be on good terms with; to be skillful in; to be a judge of. Le bruit est si grand qu’on ne s’entend pas; there is so much noise that we cannot hear one another speak. Le canon de Waterloo s’entendait à dix lieues du champ de bataille; the cannon of Waterloo were heard at a distance of ten leagues from the field of battle. On l’accuse de s’— avec l’ennemi; he is accused of acting in concert with the enemy. S’— à une chose; to be skillful in a thing. Il ne s’entend pas mal à cela; he is pretty well up in that. S’— en une chose; to understand how to do a thing. Il s’entend en musique; he understands music. Je m’entends bien; I know very well what I mean. Ils s’entendent pour me nuire; they have laid their heads together to injure me. Ils s’entendent comme larrons en foire; they are as thick as thieves. Cela s’entend or cela s’entend bien; let it be understood; of course, as a matter of course, to be sure.

=entendre=, v.n., to hear, to hear of; to approve of, to consent to; to listen to. — dur; — de corne; to be hard of hearing; to misunderstand. — clair; to be quick of hearing. Ne savoir auquel —; not to know whom to listen to, which to attend to first. Il n’entend pas de cette oreille-là; he is deaf on that side, or he does not see it in that light. J’entends que vous restiez avec moi; I expect you to remain with me.

=entendu=, =-e=, adj., heard; understood; agreed; arranged; managed; intelligent, skillful. Un homme bien — aux affaires; a man well up in business matters. Faire l’—; to put on a knowing look. —! all right, agreed. C’est —; that’s a bargain, that’s settled.

=enténébrer=, v.a., to involve in darkness; to wrap in darkness, in night.

=entente=, n.f., meaning; skill, judgment, understanding, agreement; harmony. Mots à double —; ambiguous words, with a double meaning. L’— est au diseur; everybody understands his own meaning best. L’— du coloris; skill in coloring.

=enter=, v.a., to graft, to ingraft. — de nouveau; to regraft. — en écusson; to bud, to ineye.

=entérinement= (-ri-n-mān), n.m., judicial ratification, confirmation.

=entériner=, v.a., to ratify, to confirm.

=entérique=, adj., (med.) enteric.

=entérite=, n.f., (med.) enteritis.

=enterrement= (ān-tèr-mān), n.m., burial, funeral, interment. Billet d’—; invitation to a funeral. Être prié à un —; to be invited to a funeral.

=enterrer=, v.a., to bury, to inter, to inhume; to survive, to eclipse, to surpass; to end, to terminate; to sink (of money). — son secret; to bury one’s secret. Molière a enterré tous ses devanciers; Molière threw all his predecessors into the shade. — la synagogue avec honneur; to terminate an affair with honor.

s’=enterrer=, v.r., to bury one’s self; to see no company; to go with his head to the ground (of a horse).

=enterreur=, n.m., burier; (zoöl.) sexton-beetle.

=en-tête=, n.m., (—-—s) heading; head; headline. — de facture; bill-head.

=entêté=, =-e=, n.m.f. and adj., stubborn person; obstinate, wayward, self-willed, stubborn; infatuated. — comme un âne; as stubborn as a mule. Il est — de cette femme; he is infatuated with that woman.

=entêtement= (ān-tê-tmān), n.m., stubbornness, waywardness; obstinacy; infatuation. Son — le perdra; his stubbornness will be his ruin.

=entêter=, v.a., to affect the head, to make giddy, to intoxicate; to prepossess, to infatuate, to render vain; to head (pins). Vin qui entête; heady wine. Les louanges nous entêtent; praises are apt to make us conceited.

s’=entêter=, v.r., to become stubborn, wayward, obstinate; to be infatuated with, to take a strong fancy to, to be bent upon; to do a thing at any price.

=entêteu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., header (of pins).

=enthousiasme=, n.m., enthusiasm, rapture, ecstasy.

=enthousiasmer=, v.a., to enrapture, to render enthusiastic. Il est enthousiasmé de cette musique; he is in raptures with that music.

s’=enthousiasmer=, v.r., to become enthusiastic; to be in raptures.

=enthousiaste=, n.m.f., enthusiast.

=enthousiaste=, adj., enthusiastic.

=enthymème=, n.m., (log.) enthymeme.

=entiché=, =-e=, part., (l.u.) infected (fruit); tainted, marred; infatuated with, wedded to; overfond of, overpartial to. Fruit —; spoiled fruit.

=enticher=, v.a., to taint, to infect; to infatuate. Vous l’avez entiché de ce système; you have infatuated him with that system.

s’=enticher=, v.r., to become infected; infatuated with; wedded to. Il s’est entiché de cette femme; that woman has bewitched him.

=enti-er=, =-ère= (-tié, -tiè-r), adj., entire, whole, complete, total; obstinate, positive, self-willed; (arith.) integral. Une —e soumission; complete submission. Cheval —; stone-horse, stallion, entire horse. Pain —; whole loaf. Nombre —; (arith.) integer. Il est très —; he is very self-willed or obstinate.

=entier= (-tié), n.m., entireness; (arith.) integral. En son —; at full length; in full, bodily, wholly.

=entièrement= (ān-tièr-mān), adv., entirely, wholly. — ruiné; utterly ruined.

=entité=, n.f., (philos.) entity.

=entoilage=, n.m., lining; pasting or mounting on canvas.

=entoiler=, v.a., to line; to mount upon canvas.

=entoir=, n.m., (hort.) grafting-knife.

=entomologie=, n.f., entomology.

=entomologique=, adj., entomological.

=entomologiste=, n.m., entomologist.

=entonnement= (ān-to-n-mān), n.m., tunning, barreling, casking.

s’=entonner=, v.r., (of the wind) to rush into, to blow down. Le vent s’entonne dans la cheminée; the wind blows down the chimney.

=entonner=, v.a., to tun, to barrel, to put into casks; (mus.) to begin to sing; to intonate, to strike up; to celebrate, to quaff. Il entonne bien; (pop.) he drinks hard. — une chanson à boire; to strike up a drinking song.

=entonnerie=, n.f., place where beer is barreled.

=entonnoir=, n.m., funnel; (anat.) funnel. Fleurs en —; funnel-shaped flowers; (fig. and pop.) tippler, hard-drinker, toper.

=entorse=, n.f., sprain; strain, twist, shock. Il s’est donné une — au pied; he has sprained his foot.

*=entortillage=, n.m., entanglement, intricacy, obscurity; subterfuge; circumlocution, equivocation; involved or obscure discourse.

*=entortillé=, =-e=, part., twined, wound about; twisted; (of style) involved, obscure.

*=entortillement=, n.m., winding, twining, twisting, entanglement; intricacy, obscurity. L’— d’un serpent; the twisting of a serpent.

*=entortiller=, v.a., to wrap, to roll round, to wind, to coil; to twist, to distort; to get round, to get the better of. Laissez-moi tranquille, vous m’entortillez; (pop.) leave me alone, you bother me.

s’=entortiller=, v.r., to twist round, to wind round; to twine.

=entour=, n.m., [always employed in the plural, save in the adverbial expression: À l’—; around]. —s; environs, adjacent parts; persons around one. Prendre les —s; to gain over to one’s interest the persons around any one.

=entourage=, n.m., frame; setting, mounting, (of jewelry); confidants, advisers, friends, servants, relations, circle, attendants.

=entourer=, v.a., to inclose, to surround, to encompass; to hem round. — une ville de murailles; to encompass a town with walls. Entouré de terre; land-locked. — quelqu’un de soins; to lavish attentions upon any one.

=entournure=, n.f., arm-hole; sloping (of sleeves).

=en-tout-cas=, n.m., (—) sun-shade.

s’=entr’accorder=, v.r., to agree together.

s’=entr’accuser=, v.r., to accuse one another.

=entr’acte=, n.m., (—-—s) (thea.) interval (between the acts); interlude, intermede. Dans l’—; between the acts. Faire de longs —s; to have long intervals, waits.

s’=entr’admirer=, v.r., to admire one another.

s’=entr’aider=, v.r., to help, to aid, one another.

*=entrailles=, n.f.pl., entrails, bowels, intestines, inward parts; feelings, tenderness, heart; pity. Elle a pour moi des — de mère; she has a motherly affection for me. Cet acteur a des —s; this actor has feeling.

s’=entr’aimer=, v.r., to love one another.

=entrain=, n.m., warmth; heartiness; spirit, spirits; animation; life; go.

=entraînant=, =-e=, adj., that carries away, captivating, inspiriting, seductive. Un style —; a captivating style. Eloquence —e; winning eloquence.

=entraînement= (ān-trè-n-mān), n.m., impulse, sway, prevalence; rapture, enthusiasm; temptation, allurement; training (of horses for races).

=entraîner=, v.a., to carry away, to sweep off; to hurry away, to hurry along; to draw, to drag after, to bring, to win, to gain, over; to drag away, along; to entail, to involve; to train (race-horses). — les cœurs; to win all hearts. — quelqu’un dans l’erreur; to lead any one into error. La guerre entraîne après elle bien des maux; war drags after it many evils.

=entraîneur=, n.m., horse-trainer.

=entrait=, n.m., (carp.) tie-beam.

=entrant=, =-e=, adj., ingoing, incoming, insinuating; entering office. Les conseillers —s; the newly appointed councilors.

=entrant=, n., person coming in. Les —s et les sortants; the outgoers and incomers.

s’=entr’appeler=, v.r., to call one another.

=entrave=, n.f., clog, hindrance, obstacle, impediment, shackle, fetter. pl., horse-lock; trammels, fetters.

=entraver=, v.a., to shackle, to clog; to fetter, to trammel; to hinder, to impede, to thwart. — un cheval; to shackle a horse.

=entravon=, n.m., cutting-boot (on a horse’s fetlock).

s’=entr’avertir=, v.r., to give one another notice, to warn one another.

=entre=, prep., between, betwixt; among, amongst, with; in, of, into. — le ciel et la terre; between heaven and earth. Regarder quelqu’un — les deux yeux; to stare at any one. Être — deux vins; to be half seas over. — chien et loup; between lights, at dusk. Ils résolurent — eux; they resolved among themselves. — autres; among others. Je le mettrai — vos mains; I will deliver it into your hands. Cela soit dit — nous; that is between ourselves.

=entre-bâillé=, =-e=, adj., ajar, half open.

*=entre-bâillement=, n.m., part-opening.

*=entre-bâiller=, v.a., to half open.

s’=entre-baiser=, v.r., to kiss one another.

s’=entre-battre=, v.r., to beat one another, to fight together.

s’=entre-blesser=, v.r., to wound one another.

=entrechat=, n.m., (dancing) caper, entrechat.

s’=entre-chercher=, v.r., to seek one another, to look for one another.

=entrechoquement=, n.m., clash; clashing; conflict.

s’=entre-choquer=, v.r., to knock, to clash, to beat, to dash, against one another; to interfere, to thwart each other.

s’=entre-clore=, v.r., to half-close.

=entre-colonne=, n.f., (—-—s) or =entre-colonnement=, n.m., (—-—s) (arch.) intercolumniation.

s’=entre-connaître=, v.r., to know each other.

=entrecôte=, n.m., (cook.) piece off the ribs.

s’=entrecouder=, v.r., to elbow one another.

=entre-coupe=, n.f., (—-—s), (arch.) turning-space.

=entrecoupement=, n.m., intersection; cutting; crossing; faltering.

=entrecoupé=, =-e=, part., broken (of words).

=entrecouper=, v.a., to traverse, to cross, to intersect; to stop, to interrupt, to break off.

s’=entrecouper=, v.r., to cut or cross one another; to interrupt one another; to intersect; (vet.) to hit or chafe one leg against the other.

=entrecroisement=, n.m., intersection, crossing.

s’=entre-croiser=, v.r., to cross one another, to intersect.

s’=entre-déchirer=, v.r., to tear one another to pieces.

s’=entre-défaire=, v.r., to defeat one another.

s’=entre-détruire=, v.r., to destroy one another.

=entre-deux=, n.m., (—) intermediate space; partition; cut; (cook.) middle pier-piece (of a cod); insertion (lace); (nav.) trough of the sea.

=entre-deux=, adv., (l.u.) betwixt and between.

s’=entre-dévorer=, v.r., to devour one another; to ruin one another.

s’=entre-dire=, v.r., to tell one another. S’— des injures; to call one another names.

s’=entre-donner=, v.r., to give one another.

=entrée=, n.f., entry, entrance; mouth; entering, coming in; reception; beginning; introduction, inlet; (cook.) first-course, side-dish; admission-money, entrance-money; custom-duty; entrée (dancing). L’— d’un port; the mouth of a harbor. — et sortie d’un acteur; entrance and exit of an actor. Avoir ses —s; to have free admission or access to, to be on the free-list of a theatre. Droit d’—; custom-duty. Payer l’—; to pay a town-due; (custom-house) to pay duty. Tuyau d’—; (tech.) inlet-pipe. ☉D’—; at first, at the first.

s’=entre-fâcher=, v.r., to anger one another.

=entrefaites=, n.f.pl., interval, meantime. Dans ces —, Sur ces —; meanwhile.

=entre-filet=, n.m., a short paragraph, note.

s’=entre-fouetter=, v.r., to whip or lash one another.

s’=entre-frapper=, v.r., to strike one another.

=entregent=, n.m., (fam.) shrewdness, address, tact. Cet homme fera son chemin, il a de l’—; that man will get on, he possesses tact.

s’=entr’égorger=, v.r., to cut each other’s throat; to kill one another.

s’=entre-haïr=, v.r., to hate each other.

s’=entre-heurter=, v.r., to knock or beat one against the other.

=entre-jambes=, n.m., fork; knee-hole.

=entrelacement= (-las-mān), n.m., interweaving, wreathing, blending, intertwining.

=entrelacer=, v.a., to interlace, to intertwine, to interweave, to wreathe, to weave, to braid; to plash; to wattle. Des branches entrelacées; interwoven branches.

s’=entrelacer=, v.r., to entwine, to twist, to wreathe.

=entrelacs= (-lâ), n.m., ciphers; flourishes; interlaced ornaments; (arch., paint.) twine.

=entrelardé=, =-e=, part., interlarded, streaky.

=entrelarder=, v.a., to interlard; to insert between.

=entre-large=, adj., (com.) of middle width.

*=entre-ligne=, n.m., (—-—s) space between lines, interlineation; (print.) space-line, lead.

s’=entre-louer=, v.r., to praise one another, to laud one another.

=entre-luire=, v.n., to glimmer.

s’=entremanger=, v.r., to eat one another.

=entremêlement=, n.m., intermixing; intermixture.

=entremêler=, v.a., to intermingle, to intermix.

s’=entremêler=, v.r., to intermingle, to intermix; to meddle. Des nuances qui s’entremêlent; shades (of color) which are blended together.

s’=entre-mesurer=, v.r., to measure each other.

=entremets= (-mè), n.m., (cook.) side-dish, entremets.

=entremetteu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., go-between, manager, mediator; procurer; procuress.

s’=entremettre=, v.r., to interpose, to interfere, to intermeddle, to meddle.

=entremise=, n.f., interposition, mediation, intervention, interference; medium, agency; (nav.) carling. Par l’— de la presse; through the medium of the press. Par son —; thanks to him.

s’=entre-mordre=, v.r., to bite one another.

s’=entr’empêcher=, v.r., to hinder, to thwart, one another.

=entre-nœud=, n.m., (—-—s) (bot.) internode.

=entrenouer=, v.a., to interknot.

s’=entre-nuire=, v.r., to hurt one another, to injure each other.

s’=entre-pardonner=, v.r., to pardon one another.

s’=entre-parler=, v.r., to speak to one another, to talk together.

=entrepas=, n.m., (man.) amble, ambling pace.

s’=entre-percer=, v.r., to run each other through, to pierce each other.

*s’=entre-piller=, v.r., to plunder one another.

*=entre-pointillé=, =-e=, adj., (engr.) composed of line and dotted engraving.

=entrepont=, n.m., (nav.) between decks, orlop deck. Dans les —; between decks.

=entreposage=, n.m., bonding, warehousing.

=entreposer=, v.a., to bond, to put in bond; to store, to warehouse.

=entreposeur=, n.m., bonded-warehouse-keeper; warehouse-keeper.

=entrepositaire=, n.m., bonder.

=entrepôt=, n.m., mart, free port, emporium; bond; bonded warehouse; store. — fictif; town warehouse. — réel; king’s warehouse, queen’s warehouse, bonded warehouse. Mutation d’—; removal to another warehouse; removal of bonded goods. Port à l’—; bonded port; warehousing port. En —; in bond. Faire une mutation d’—; to remove goods to another warehouse. Mettre en —; to bond. Réintégrer dans l’—; to rewarehouse.

s’=entre-pousser=, v.r., to push each other.

=entreprenable=, adj., undertakable.

=entreprenant=, =-e=, adj., enterprising, adventurous, venturesome; daring, bold, pushing, encroaching.

=entreprendre=, v.a., to undertake, to attempt, to take in hand, to take upon one’s self; to contract for, to contract to; to adventure, to offer, to venture; to trouble. — quelqu’un; to set on any one, to fall foul of any one, to banter or jeer any one.

=entreprendre=, v.n., to encroach on, to infringe upon; to undertake.

=entrepreneur=, n.m., master-builder; contractor. — de diligences; coach proprietor. — de maçonnerie; master-mason. — de pompes funèbres; undertaker.

=entrepreneuse=, n.f., maker.

=entrepris=, =-e=, adj., crippled, impotent; disconcerted. Il est — d’un bras; he has lost the use of an arm.

=entreprise=, n.f., enterprise, undertaking, attempt, venture; usurpation, violence; contract; (com.) concern, establishment, company. À —; by contract. Par —; by contract. Ouvrage à l’—; work by contract. — par masse de travaux; contract by the lump. Il échoue dans ses —s; he fails in his undertakings. — générale des messageries; general coach and conveyance office. Tenter l’—; to make the attempt.

s’=entre-produire=, v.r., to produce each other.

s’=entre-quereller=, v.r., to quarrel with each other.

=entrer=, v.n., to enter, to come in, to go in, to get in, to walk in, to march in, to drop in, to step in; to pierce, to run into; (astron.) to house; (nav.) to let in; to enter (book-keeping). — bien avant; to penetrate far. — une seconde fois; to re-enter. Faire —; to show in, to usher in, to send in. Faire — un vaisseau dans un bassin; to dock a ship. — dans le monde; to go out into the world or into society. — en possession; to take possession. — au service de quelqu’un; to enter any one’s service. — en maison; to go into service. — en religion; to become a monk or a nun. — dans sa vingtième année; to enter on one’s twentieth year. — en jeu; to come into play. Vous n’entrez pas dans ma pensée; you mistake my meaning. — dans les intérêts de quelqu’un; to side with any one. — dans les goûts; to be of any one’s taste. — en danse; to begin to dance. Faire — quelque chose dans un discours; to introduce something into a speech. Il y entre pour un cinquième; he has a fifth share in the enterprise. Cet article n’entre pour rien dans mes demandes; this article has nothing to do with my demands. On ne saurait lui rien faire — dans la tête; there is no driving anything into his head. On n’entre pas ici; no admittance here.

=entre-rails=, n.m., (rail.) gauge, four-foot way.

s’=entre-regarder=, v.r., to look at, to stare at one another.

s’=entre-regretter=, v.r., to regret each other.

s’=entre-répondre=, v.r., to answer one another.

=entre-sabords=, n.m., (nav.) between ports.

s’=entre-saluer=, v.r., to salute one another.

s’=entre-secourir=, v.a., to help, to succor, one another.

=entresol=, n.m., mezzanine, entresol (suite of low rooms between the ground floor and the first floor).

=entre-sourcils=, n.m., (—) space between the eyebrows.

s’=entre-soutenir=, v.r., to support one another.

s’=entre-souvenir=, v.r., to half remember.

s’=entre-suivre=, v.r., to follow each other, to succeed each other.

*=entretaille=, n.f., (engr.) interline; (dancing) change of foot.

*s’=entre-tailler=. V. s’=entrecouper= (vet.).

*=entretaillure=, n.f., (vet.) cutting, crepance.

s’=entre-talonner=, v.r., to tread on each other’s heels; to follow each other closely.

=entre-temps=, n.m., (—) interval. Dans l’—; meanwhile.

=entretenir= (ān-trè-tnir), v.a., to hold, to hold together, to keep up; to keep in repair, to keep in good order; to keep, to preserve, to maintain, to support, to feed; to cherish; to converse, to talk with; to entertain. — les chemins; to keep the roads in repair. — la paix; to maintain peace.

s’=entretenir=, v.r., to hold together, to keep up; to be sustained, to be maintained, to be supported, to be kept up; to maintain, to keep, to support one’s self; to subsist; to converse with, to discourse with, to commune with, to talk to. S’— avec quelqu’un; to talk with any one. S’— par lettres; to converse by letters. S’— de quelqu’un; to speak of any one. Il s’entretient du jeu; he lives by gambling. S’— avec soi-même; to meditate, to reflect.

=entretenu=, =-e=, part. of entretenir. Femme —e; kept woman, mistress.

=entretien= (-ti-in), n.m., maintenance, keeping, living, livelihood; keeping in repair; conversation, discourse, talk; communication, conference. Faire l’— du public; to be the talk of the parish. Un homme d’un agréable —; a man of agreeable conversation.

=entre-tisser=, v.a., to interweave.

=entre-tissu=, =-e=, adj., interwoven.

=entretoile=, n.f., insertion; open-work.

=entretoise=, n.f., (carp.) tie-beam, cross-bar; cross-piece; transom.

s’=entre-toucher=, v.r., to touch one another.

s’=entre-tuer=, v.r., to kill each other.

s’=entre-vendre=, v.r., to sell to each other; to sell each other, to betray each other.

=entre-voie=, n.f., (—-—s) (rail.) the six-foot way.

=entrevoir=, v.a., to have or catch a glimpse of, to only just see, to discover a little of; to have an imperfect notion of, to foresee. — quelqu’un; to have a glimpse of any one. J’entrevois de grands obstacles; I foresee great difficulties. Laisser —; to show, to discover, to disclose.

s’=entrevoir=, v.r., to have a meeting, interview, conference; to see, to visit, each other.

=entrevous=, n.m., (carp.) interjoist.

=entrevoûter=, v.a., to plaster between joists.

=entrevue=, n.f., interview, meeting.

*=entr’paillé=, =-e=, adj., (l.ex.) big-bellied.

s’=entr’obliger=, v.r., to oblige each other.

=entr’ouïr=, v.a., (l.u.) to hear imperfectly.

=entr’ouvert=, =-e=, part., partly open, ajar; gaping, yawning; (man.) strained shoulder.

=entr’ouverture=, n.f., (vet.) shoulder strain.

=entr’ouvrir=, v.a., to open a little, to half-open. — une porte; to half-open; to set a door ajar.

s’=entr’ouvrir=, v.r., to open, to gape, to yawn; to be ajar.

s’=entr’user=, v.r., to wear each other out.

=enture=, n.f., (gard.) incision, cut (for grafting).

=énumérateur=, n.m., enumerator.

=énumérati-f=, =-ve=, adj., enumerative.

=énumération=, n.f., enumeration.

=énumérer=, v.a., to enumerate, to count, to reckon.

=envahir=, v.a., to invade, to overrun, to spread over, to overgrow; to encroach upon, to usurp.

=envahissant=, =-e=, adj., invading, encroaching.

=envahissement= (-is-mān), n.m., overrunning, invasion, encroachment, usurpation.

=envahisseur=, n.m., invader. adj., invading, encroaching; silting (of sand).

=envaser=, v.a., to fill up, to choke with mud.

s’=envaser=, v.r., (nav.) to stick fast in the mud; to become filled up and choked with mud; to silt up (of sand, etc.).

=enveloppe= (ān-vlop), n.f., wrapper, cover, covering; envelope; exterior; disguise; (anat.) coat; casing (of cylinders); tunic (of the eye); (fort.) envelope; (mec.) case, casing; (tech.) cage; (metal.) mold. — de voyage, hold-all. Ecrire sous l’— de quelqu’un; to write under another person’s cover.

=enveloppé=, =-e=, part., enveloped, surrounded; ambiguous, equivocal; confused; muddled. Être — dans un désastre; to be involved in a misfortune.

=enveloppement= (ānv-lop-mān), n.m., enveloping, surrounding; wrapping up, envelopment.

=envelopper=, v.a., to envelop, to wrap up, to cover, to fold up, to do up, to put up; to muffle; to beset, to inclose, to environ, to hem in, to surround; to involve, to implicate; to disguise. — quelque chose de papier; to wrap anything up in paper. — l’ennemi; to hem in the enemy.

s’=envelopper=, v.r., to cover or wrap one’s self up, to envelop one’s self, to muffle one’s self up; to involve one’s self.

=envenimer=, v.a., to poison, to envenom, to irritate, to inflame, to exasperate. — une plaie; to irritate a wound. Il l’a envenimé contre moi; he has exasperated him against me.

s’=envenimer=, v.r., to be envenomed; to fester, to rankle.

=enverger=, v.a., to garnish with little willow branches.

=enverguer= (-ghé), v.a., (nav.) to bend a sail to the yards.

=envergure=, n.f., unfolding; (nav.) extent of sail upon the yards; length of a yard; spread of a bird’s wings when extended. D’—; from tip to tip.

=envers= (ān-vèr), prep., towards, to. Je vous défendrai — et contre tous; I will defend you against all men or against the whole world.

=envers=, n.m., wrong side, reverse side, back. À l’—; on the wrong side; inside out. Il a l’esprit à l’—; he is wrong-headed, crack-brained, beside himself.

à l’=envi=, adv., in emulation of one another, emulously vying with one another. À l’— l’un de l’autre; in emulation of one another. Ils travaillent à l’— l’un de l’autre; they vie with each other as to who shall work most.

=enviable=, adj., enviable, to be envied.

=envie=, n.f., envy, enviousness; wish, desire, longing, hankering, inclination; birth-mark; hangnail. L’— le dévore; he is eaten up with envy. Sécher d’—; to pine away with envy. Faire —; to be tempting. Porter — à quelqu’un; to envy any one. Avoir — de; to have a mind to. J’ai grande — d’aller la voir; I have a great mind to go and see her. — de dormir; sleepiness, drowsiness. On lui en a donné —; they have set him all agog upon it. L’— lui en est passée; his longing is over. Il m’en a ôté l’—; he has put me out of conceit with it. Passer son — de quelque chose; to satisfy one’s longing for anything. Il a une — au visage; he has a birth-mark on his face. Il ne fait — à personne; no one envies him.

=envié=, =-e=, part., envied. Il est — de tout le monde; he is envied by everybody.

☉*=envieilli=, =-e=, adj., inveterate, long-established, old, of long standing; hardened. V. =endurci=, =invétéré=.

☉*=envieillir=, v.a., to make one look old. V. =vieillir=.

=envier=, v.a., to envy, to be envious of, to grudge; to desire, to long for, to wish for. Je ne lui envie point sa bonne fortune; I do not envy him his good fortune.

=envieu-x=, =-se=, adj., envious, jealous. Se faire des —; to excite envy.

=enviné=, =-e=, adj., smelling of wine. Ce baril est —; that cask smells of wine.

=environ=, adv., about, nearly, thereabouts.

=environnant=, =-e=, adj., surrounding.

=environner=, v.a., to surround; to stand round; to encompass, to beset; to environ; to encircle, to inclose. — d’une balustrade; to inclose with a rail. Les gardes qui environnaient le prince; the guards who stood round the prince. L’éclat qui l’environne; the splendor which surrounds him.

=environs=, n.m.pl., environs; vicinity, neighborhood; country round.

=envisager=, v.a., to look, to stare, in the face, to eye, to face; to consider, to view, to look upon, to look at. — de sang froid le péril; to look danger in the face.

=envoi=, n.m., sending; thing sent, present, packet, parcel, package, goods forwarded; goods to be forwarded; (lit.) envoy; (nav.) order to put the helm alee. Compléter un —; to make up a parcel. Faire un —; to send off a parcel or package. Lettre d’—; letter of advice.

s’=envoiler=, v.r., (metal.) to warp, to bend.

=envoisiné=, =-e=, adj., surrounded by neighbors.

=envoisiner=, v.a., to surround with neighbors.

s’=envoler=, v.r., to fly away, to take wing; to be carried off (by the wind); to disappear, to vanish. L’oiseau s’est envolé; the bird has flown.

=envoûtement=, n.m., magical charm.

=envoûter=, v.a., to cast a spell on any one.

=envoyé=, n.m., envoy; deputy, delegate; messenger. L’— de Dieu; the messenger of God.

=envoyer=, v.a., to send, to forward, to dispatch; to transmit. Je vous envoie mon domestique; I send you my servant. — chercher; to send for. — au diable, — à tous les diables; to send to the devil. — paître, — promener; to send off, to send about one’s business; to send any one off with a flea in his ear. — dire; to send word. — en prison; to commit to prison. Envoie! (nav.) bout-ship! S’—; to send to each other; to be sent.

=envoyeur=, n.m., sender. adj.m., (post-office) dispatching. Bureau —; dispatching office.

=éolien=, =-ne=, (-li-in, -liè-n), adj., Eolian, Eolic. Harpe —ne; Eolian harp.

=éolien=, n.m., Eolic (dialect).

=éolipyle=, n.m., (phys.) æolipile (smoke-driving apparatus).

=éolique=, adj., Eolic, Eolian.

=épacte=, n.f., (astron.) epact.

*=épagneul=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., spaniel.

=épais=, =-se=, adj., thick, big; heavy, dull, gross. Mur — de deux pieds; wall two feet thick. Brouillard —; thick fog. Ignorance —se; gross ignorance. Un homme —; a blockhead. Avoir la langue —se; to speak thick. Des cheveux —; thick hair.

=épais=, n.m., thickness; thick part.

=épais=, adv., thick, thickly. Semer —; to sow thick.

=épaisseur=, n.f., thickness; depth; density; dullness.

=épaissir=, v.a., to thicken, to make thick.

s’=épaissir=, v.r., to become thick, to get thick, to grow thick; to become big, to grow large; to become heavy or dull. Sa langue s’épaissit; he is beginning to speak thick.

=épaissir=, v.n., to thicken, to become thick; to get stout, to grow stout, to become stout.

=épaississement= (-sis-mān), n.m., thickening, thickness.

=épamprage= or =épamprement=, n.m., lopping off; pruning; feeding off (of a corn-field).

=épamprer=, v.a., to lop off, or to prune, a vine; to feed off.

=épanchement= (é-pānsh-mān), n.m., pouring out, shedding; overflowing, effusion. — de cœur; opening of one’s heart.

=épancher=, v.a., to pour out, to spill; to shed; to open. — son cœur; to open one’s heart.

s’=épancher=, v.r., to be discharged, poured out, to escape; to open one’s heart, to unbosom one’s self.

=épanchoir=, n.m., outlet, drain.

=épandre=, v.a., to pour out, to scatter, to strew, to throw here and there. V. =répandre=.

s’=épandre=, v.r., to spread out, to be scattered, to flow.

=épanorthose=, n.f., (rhet.) epanorthosis.

=épanoui=, =-e=, adj., blown, full-blown; cheerful, jolly, beaming.

=épanouir=, v.a., to expand, to smooth, to brighten up, to gladden. — la rate; to make merry, to drive away the spleen.

s’=épanouir=, v.r., (of flowers) to blow, to expand, to open; to brighten up. Son visage s’épanouit; his face brightened up.

=épanouissement= (-noo-is-mān), n.m., blowing, opening (of flowers); (bot.) expansion.

=éparcet=, n.m. V. =esparcet=, =esparcette=.

s’=éparer=, v.r., (man.) to jerk, to fling out; to kick. V. =ruer=.

*=épargnant=, =-e=, adj., sparing, saving, economical; parsimonious.

*=épargne=, n.f., economy, saving, thrift, sparingness; ☉treasury. — mesquine; shabby saving. Avec —; sparingly. Aller à l’—, user d’—; to save, to be saving. Il vit de ses —s; he lives on his savings. Aller à l’— des mots; to be sparing of words. Caisse d’— or caisse d’— et de prévoyance; savings-bank. Tailler, or graver, en —; (engr.) to reserve.

*=épargner=, v.a., to save, to lay up, to lay by, to spare, to husband, to economize; to spare (any one). — son bien; to save one’s wealth. On ne lui épargne pas l’argent; they allow him plenty of money. Ne m’épargnez pas; do not spare me.

s’*=épargner=, v.r., to spare one’s self; to spare one another.

*=épargner=, v.n., to economize, to be saving, to be sparing. — sur sa toilette; to save in dress.

*=éparpillement=, n.m., scattering, dispersing, dispersion.

*=éparpiller=, v.a., to scatter, to strew about, to spread, to throw here and there, to disperse; to fritter away, to squander. — ses troupes; to scatter one’s troops.

=épars=, =-e=, adj., scattered, dispersed, straggling, sparse; (of hair) disheveled; thin (of plants).

=éparvin= or =épervin=, n.m., (vet.) spavin. — osseux, — sec; blood-spavin; string-halt.

=épaté=, =-e=, adj., broad-footed; wide; with the foot broken off (of glasses); flat (of noses); (pop.) amazed, dumfounded.

=épatement=, n.m., amazement.

=épater=, v.a., to break the foot off (a glass); to flatten; to widen; (pop.) to amaze, to dumfound.

s’=épater=, v.r., to sprawl; to get broken (of glass).

=épaulard=, n.m., (ich.) grampus, ork.

=épaule=, n.f., shoulder; start (of wheels). Des —s larges; broad shoulders. Hausser les —s; to shrug one’s shoulders. Faire hausser les —s à quelqu’un; to make any one shrug his shoulders. Plier les —s; to put up with. Prêter l’— à quelqu’un; to back up any one. Donner un coup d’— à; to help any one; to give any one a lift. Faire une chose par-dessus l’—; to leave a thing undone; to do a thing over the left. Porter sur les —s; (fig.) to be heartily sick of. Marcher des —s; to slouch. L’— d’un bastion; the flank of a bastion. —s d’un vaisseau; bows of a ship.

=épaulée=, n.f., push (with the shoulders); (cook.) fore-quarter of mutton without the shoulder. —s; shouldering. Faire une chose par —s; to do a thing by fits and starts.

=épaulement= (é-pôl-mān), n.m., a shoulder-piece, covert; shoulder; (fort.) epaulement, demi-bastion, breastwork.

=épauler=, v.a., to break the shoulder, to splay; to help, to back, to countenance, to bring to the shoulder, to prop; to press to the shoulder (of rifles). — des troupes; to cover troops. Bête épaulée; animal with a sprained shoulder; (fig., fam.) a perfect fool; a dishonored woman.

=épaulette=, n.f., shoulder-strap; shoulder-piece; epaulet. — à gros grains, — à graine d’épinards; (milit.) epaulet with large bullion worn by field and general officers.

=épave=, adj., (jur.) stray, strayed.

=épave=, n.f., wreck; (jur.) waif; stray; estray. —s maritimes, —s de mer; wreck, wreckage.

=épeautre=, n.m.f., spelt, great barley; wheat.

=épée=, n.f., sword; (fig.) brand, steel; swordsman. Charger l’— à la main; to charge sword in hand. Un homme d’—; a swordsman, a soldier. Mettre l’— à la main; to draw one’s sword. Se battre à l’—; to fight with swords. Passer l’— au travers du corps; to run a man through the body. Presser quelqu’un l’— dans les reins; to press any one close, hard. Une — vierge; a sword that has never been fleshed or drawn. N’avoir que la cape et l’—; to have nothing but one’s nobility; to have no other fortune but one’s sword. Il est brave comme l’— qu’il porte; he is true to the backbone. L’— use le fourreau; the sword wears out the scabbard. C’est un coup d’— dans l’eau; it is beating the air. Passer au fil de l’—; to put to the edge of the sword, to put to the sword. Être, en être, aux —s et aux couteaux; to be at daggers drawn. Jouer de l’— à deux talons; to take to one’s heels. Son — est trop courte; his arm is not long enough. C’est son — de chevet; he is his bosom friend, his constant companion; (fig.) his favorite theme; his hobby. — de mer; (ich.) sword-fish.

=épeiche=, n.f., (orni.) golden oriole, witwall.

=épeler= (é-plé), v.a., to spell. Epelez ce mot; spell that word. — mal; to misspell.

=épellation=, n.f., naming the letters of a word, spelling.

=épenthèse=, n.f., (gram.) epenthesis.

=épenthétique=, adj., (gram.) epenthetical.

=éperdu=, =-e=, adj., distracted, bewildered, aghast. Tout — d’amour; quite distraught with love.

=éperdument=, adv., distractedly, passionately, desperately.

=éperlan=, n.m., (ich.) smelt, sparling.

=éperon= (épron), n.m., spur; wrinkle, crow’s foot; gaffle (of game cocks); (arch.) buttress, counterfort; (nav.) head of a ship; cutwater, ram; (fort.) spur. Donner de l’— à un cheval; to clap spurs to a horse. Chausser les —s; to put on spurs. Cheval qui n’a ni bouche ni —; horse that obeys neither rein nor spur. Il a besoin d’—s; he wants spurring on. Chausser les — à quelqu’un; to put spurs on any one.

=éperonné=, =-e= (é-pro-né), adj., spurred; wrinkled. Elle a les yeux —s; she has wrinkles about her eyes.

=éperonner=, v.a., to spur; to spur on; to urge forward; to wrinkle.

=éperonnerie=, n.f., spur-making, spur-trade.

=éperonnier=, n.m., spur-maker; Indian peacock.

=éperonnière=, n.f., spur-leather; (bot.) larkspur.

=épervier=, n.m., (orni.) hawk, sparrow-hawk; cast-net.

=épervière=, n.f., (bot.) hawkweed.

=épervin=, n.m. V. =éparvin=.

=éphèdre=, n.f., shrubby horse-tail, sea-grass.

=éphélide=, n.f., (med.) sun-burn; freckle.

=éphémère=, adj., ephemeral.

=éphémère=, n.f., ephemera, day-fly.

=éphémérides=, n.f.pl., ephemerides.

=éphod= (é-fod), n.m., (Jewish antiq.) ephod.

=éphore=, n.m., (Grec. antiq.) ephor.

=épi=, n.m., ear of corn; awn. — bien garni; well-filled ear. — de cheveux; tuft of hair, topknot. — de diamants; cluster of diamonds. — d’eau; pond-weed. — de faîte; (arch.) top of the crown-post. Assembler en —; to scarf.

=épice=, n.f., spice. pl., ☉judges’ fees. Pain d’—; gingerbread. Fine —; sharp fellow, knowing blade. Dans les petits sacs sont les bonnes —s; little and good, or small parcels hold fine wares (pers.). Herbe aux —s; allspice.

=épicé=, =-e=, adj., spiced, spicy; hot, seasoned.

=épicène=, adj., (gram.) epicene.

=épicer=, v.a., to spice; ☉(of judges) to charge too high fees.

=épicerie= (é-pi-srî), n.f., spices, grocery; grocery-business. Petite —; chandlery.

=épichérème= (-ké-), n.m., (log.) epichirema.

=épici-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., grocer; vulgar fellow. Il faut envoyer ce livre à l’—; this book must go to the butter-shop.

=épicrâne=, n.m., (anat.) epicranium.

=épicurien=, =-ne= (-i-in, -iè-n), n. and adj., epicure; epicurean.

=épicurisme=, n.m., epicureanism, epicurism.

=épicycle=, n.m., (astron.) epicycle.

=épicycloïde=, n.f., (geom.) epicycloid.

=épidémie=, n.f., epidemic.

=épidémique=, adj., epidemic, epidemical.

=épidendre=, n.m., (bot.) epidendrum.

=épiderme=, n.m., epidermis, cuticle, scarfskin.

=épidermique=, adj., (anat.) epidermic, epidermical.

=épididyme=, n.m., (anat.) epididymis.

=épié=, =-e=, part., eared, awny, awned.

=épier=, v.n., to ear, to shoot into ears.

=épier=, v.a., to watch, to be a spy upon, to pry into. Il épie ce que vous faites; he is a spy upon your actions. On épie vos démarches; your steps are being dogged. S’—; to watch one another.

=épierrement=, n.m., clearing land of stones.

=épierrer=, v.a., to clear away stones.

=épieu=, n.m., boar-spear, javelin, stake.

=épieu-r=, =-se=, n.m.f., watcher, spier, eavesdropper; Paul Pry.

=épigastre=, n.m., (anat.) epigastrium.

=épigastrique=, adj., (anat.) epigastric.

=épiglotte=, n.f., (anat.) epiglottis.

=épigrammatique=, adj., epigrammatic, epigrammatical.

=épigrammatiquement=, adv., epigrammatically.

=épigrammatiser=, v.n., to write epigrams.

=épigrammatiste=, n.m., epigrammatist.

=épigramme=, n.f., epigram.

=épigraphe=, n.f., epigraph.

=épigraphie=, n.f., epigraphics, epigraphy.

=épigraphique=, adj., pertaining to epigraphy.

=épigyne=, adj., (bot.) epigynous.

=épilatoire=, adj., depilatory.

=épilepsie=, n.f., (med.) epilepsy. Attaque d’—; epileptic fit, fit of epilepsy.

=épileptique=, n.m.f. and adj., epileptic; epileptical.

=épiler=, v.a., to depilate.

s’=épiler=, v.r., to pluck out one’s gray hairs.

=épileu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., depilator (pers.).

*=épillet=, n.m., (bot.) spikelet.

=épilobe=, n.m., (bot.) willow-herb.

=épilogue= (-log), n.m., epilogue.

=épiloguer= (-ghé), v.n., to carp at, to censure, to criticise, to find fault with, to split hairs. Il épilogue sur tout; he finds fault with everything.

=épiloguer=, v.a., to criticise, to find fault with, to carp at.

=épilogueur= (-gheur), n.m., critic, fault-finder, carper. adj., fault-finding, carping.

=épiloir=, n.m., tweezers.

=épinaie=, n.f., brake, thicket, thorn-bush.

=épinard= (-nār), n.m., (bot.) spinach. pl., (cook.) spinach greens. —-fraise; strawberry blite, strawberry-spinach. — sauvage; all-good. Epaulettes à graine d’—s; epaulets with large bullion.

=épine=, n.f., thorn; prickle; spine; rub, obstacle, difficulty; bristling point (metal.). — blanche; hawthorn; barberry. — dorsale, du dos; spine; backbone. Noble —; hawthorn. — noire; German acacia; blackthorn, sloe. Avoir une — au pied; to have a thorn in one’s side. Tirer à quelqu’un une — du pied; to get some one over a difficulty. Être sur les —s, sur des —s; to be on pins and needles, or on thorns. Il n’y a pas de roses sans —s; no rose without a thorn, no joy without alloy. Les —s de la chicane; the thorny points of the law.

=épines=, n.f.pl., (metal.) bristling points.

=épinette=, n.f., (mus.) spinet; (bot.) North American fir-tree.

=épineu-x=, =-se=, adj., thorny, prickly; knotty, ticklish, intricate. Arbres —; thorny trees. Pomme —se; (bot.) stramony, thorn-apple. Question —se; ticklish question.

=épine-vinette=, n.f., berberry, barberry.

=épingle=, n.f., pin, scarf-pin, breast-pin. —s; pin-money, gratuity, douceur. Attacher avec une —; to pin. Il est toujours tiré à quatre —s; he is always as neat as hands can make him; he always looks as if he had just stepped out of a bandbox, or is always dressed up to the nine. Tirer son — du jeu; to get out of a scrape, to back out of anything. À coups d’—s; inch by inch; by pin-pricks. — à cheveux; hairpin. Oter les —s; to unpin.

=épingle=, adj., pinned; corded, terry. Velours —; light terry velvet.

=épingler=, v.a., to pin, to prick, to clean.

=épinglette=, n.f., (artil.) priming-iron; priming-wire; (mining) piercer; (tech.) pricker.

=épingli-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., pin-maker.

=épinière=, adj.f., (anat.) spinal. Moelle —; spinal marrow.

=épiniers=, n.m.pl., (hunt.) brake, thicket.

=épinoche=, n.f.m., (com.) best coffee. f., (ich.) stickleback.

=épiphanie=, n.f., Epiphany.

=épiphonème=, n.m., (rhet.) epiphonema.

=épiphora=, n.m., (med.) epiphora, watery eye.

=épiphyse=, n.f., (anat.) epiphysis.

=épiploon=, n.m., (anat.) epiploon.

=épique=, adj., epic.

=épiscopal=, =-e=, adj., episcopal.

=épiscopal=, n.m., episcopalian.

=épiscopalement=, adv., episcopally.

=épiscopat=, n.m., episcopate, episcopacy.

=épiscopaux=, n.m.pl., Episcopalians.

=épisode=, n.m., episode.

=épisodique=, adj., episodical.

=épispastique=, n.m., adj., (med.) epispastic.

=épisperme=, n.m., (bot.) seed-coat, episperm, aril, arillus.

=épisser=, v.a., (nav.) to splice.

=épissoir=, n.m., (nav.) fid, splicing-fid; marlinspike.

=épissure=, n.f., (nav.) splice.

=épistolaire=, adj., epistolary.

=épistolaire=, n.m., letter-writer.

=épistoli-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., letter-writer; (c.rel.) lectionary.

=épistolographe=, n.m., Greek or Latin letter-writer.

=épistyle=, n.m., (arch.) epistyle.

=épitaphe=, n.f., epitaph.

=épitase=, n.f., (dramatic lit.) epitasis.

=épithalame=, n.m., epithalamium, nuptial song.

=épithème=, n.m., (pharm.) epithem.

=épithète=, n.f., epithet.

=épitoge=, n.f., hood; shoulder-knot; cassock.

=épitomé=, n.m., epitome; compendium; abridgment.

=épître=, n.f., epistle, letter, missive. — dédicatoire; dedicatory epistle. Le côté de l’—; the right-hand side of the altar.

=épitrope=, n.f., (rhet.) epitrope.

=épizootie= (-tî), n.f., epizooty.

=épizootique=, adj., epizootic. Maladie —; epizootic distemper.

*=éplaigner=, v.a., (manu.) to raise the nap of the cloth, to tease, to teasel.

=éplaigneur=, n.m., cloth-dresser, teaseler.

=éploré=, =-e=, adj., in tears, weeping, disconsolate, distressed.

=éployé=, =-e=, adj., (her.) spread (of the eagle).

=épluchage=, n.m., (manu.) picking.

=épluchement= (é-plush-mān), n.m., cleaning, picking.

=éplucher=, v.a., to pick, to clean, to sift; to examine minutely. — la vie de quelqu’un; to examine minutely into any one’s life. — un ouvrage; to examine a work minutely, or to pick any work to pieces.

s’=éplucher=, v.r., to clean itself (of certain animals); (fig.) to examine one’s self.

=éplucheu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., picker; fault-finder; hair-splitter.

=éplucheuse=, n.f., picker (instrument).

=épluchoir=, n.m., paring-knife.

=épluchures=, n.f.pl., parings, pickings, orts, refuse.

=épode=, n.f., epode.

=épointé=, =-e=, adj., without a point, blunt-topped; (of a dog) with a broken thigh; (of a horse) hip-shot.

=épointement=, n.m., bluntness.

=épointer=, v.a., to break off the point, to blunt.

s’=épointer=, v.r., to have its point broken off.

*=épointillage=, n.m., (tech.) burling.

*=épointiller=, v.a., (tech.) to burl (cloth).

=épointure=, n.f., (of horses, etc.) hip-shot.

=épois=, n.m.pl., trochings (of a deer).

=éponge=, n.f., sponge. Passer l’— sur quelque action; to say no more about, or to forget, an action. Presser l’—; to squeeze the sponge; to exact too much. Il boit comme une —; he drinks like a fish.

=éponger=, v.a., to sponge; to sponge up; to mop.

=épongier=, n.m., (l.u.) spongeman.

*=épontille=, n.f., (nav.) stanchion, prop.

*=épontiller=, v.a., to prop, to shore.

=éponyme=, n.m. and adj., (antiq.) eponym; eponymous.

=épopée=, n.f., epopee; epic poem.

=époque=, n.f., epoch; period, time, date; era. Faire —; to mark an era. Dès cette —; from that time. À l’— de; at the time of.

=époucé=, =-e=, adj., thumbless.

=époudrer=, v.a., (l.u.) to dust. V. =épousseter=.

=épouffé=, =-e=, adj., (fam.) out of breath.

s’=épouffer=, v.r., to steal away, to scamper off; to get out of breath from laughing. V. =pouffer=.

*=épouiller=, v.a., (l.ex.) to louse; to clean of lice.

*s’=épouiller=, v.r., (l.ex.) to louse one’s self.

=époularder=, v.a., to pick, to clean (tobacco).

=époullin=, =espolin=, or =espoulin=, n.m., (manu.) small shuttle, spool.

=époumoner=, v.a., to tire the lungs of; to exhaust.

s’=époumoner=, v.r., to tire one’s lungs; (fig.) to vociferate, to shout one’s self hoarse.

*=épousailles=, n.f.pl., espousals, nuptials.

=épouse=, n.f., spouse, bride, wife, consort.

=épousé=, =-e=, part., married, wedded.

=épousée=, n.f., bride, wife.

=épouser=, v.a., to marry, to take in marriage, to wed, to espouse, to embrace, to take up. — une héritière; to marry an heiress. — les intérêts d’autrui; to espouse the interests of others.

s’=épouser=, v.r., to marry each other.

=épouseur=, n.m., marrying man; intended husband.

=époussetage=, n.m., dusting.

=épousseter= (é-pous-té), v.a., to dust, to wipe off the dust; to beat the dust out of; to leather, to dust (beat). — quelqu’un; to dust any one’s jacket for him.

s’=épousseter=, v.r., to wipe the dust off one’s self.

=époussette=, n.f., dusting-rag, duster.

=épouti=, n.m., orts (in cloth).

=époutieuse= (-tieuz), n.f., picker, cleaner, burler (of cloth).

=époutir=, v.a., to pick, to clean (cloth).

=épouvantable=, adj., frightful, dreadful, tremendous, shocking, horrible; appalling. À un degré —; to a frightful degree.

=épouvantablement=, adv., frightfully, dreadfully, tremendously.

*=épouvantail=, n.m., scare-crow; bugbear; (orni.) sea-swallow. C’est un — de chenevière; she is a perfect scarecrow.

=épouvante=, n.f., terror, dismay, affright. Porter l’— dans le pays ennemi; to spread terror in the enemy’s country. L’— les a pris; they were seized with dismay. Frapper d’—; to dismay, to affright.

=épouvantement=, n.m., terror, affright.

=épouvanter=, v.a., to terrify, to frighten, to appall, to scare.

s’=épouvanter=, v.r., to be frightened or terrified; to take fright.

=époux=, n.m., spouse, husband, bridegroom. pl., husband and wife. Futur —; intended husband.

=épreindre= (épreignant, épreint), v.a., to squeeze out, to press, to express.

=épreinte=, n.f., tenesmus; straining; (fig.) pressure (chiefly used in pl.).

s’=éprendre=, v.r., to become enamored of; to fall in love with.

=épreuve=, n.f., trial, proof, test, ordeal, examination; (print.) proof, revise. J’en ai fait l’—; I have tried it, made a trial of it. Passer par de rudes —s; to go through hard trials. Mettre à l’—; to make a trial of, to put to the test. À l’— du feu; fire-proof. A l’— des balles; ball-proof. À l’— de l’eau; waterproof. À toute —; trusty, well-tried, faithful, devoted. Courage à toute —; courage proof against everything. — judiciaire; ordeal. Temps d’—; probation. — chargée; (print.) foul proof. — peu chargée; (print.) clean proof. Corriger une —; (print.) to correct a proof. Première — d’auteur; (print.) reader’s proof. Seconde — d’auteur; (print.) revise. Troisième — d’auteur; (print.) second revise. — avant la lettre; (engr.) proof before letters. Tirer une —; (print.) to pull a proof.

=épris=, =-e=, adj., in love, taken with, smitten, charmed with. Il en est —; he is smitten with her.

=éprouver=, v.a., to try, to prove; to put to the proof; to feel, to experience, to meet with; to go through. — la fidélité de quelqu’un; to try any one’s fidelity. — une douleur; to feel a pain. — des malheurs; to meet with misfortunes. — un canon; to test a cannon. S’— à; to try one’s hand at.

=éprouvette=, n.f., gauge; steam-gauge; test-glass; eprouvette (for testing gunpowder).

sel d’=epsom=, n.m., Epsom salts.

=eptacorde=, n.m. V. =heptacorde=.

=eptagone=, n.m. V. =heptagone=.

=épucer=, v.a., to catch the fleas of; to clear of fleas.

s’=épucer=, v.r., to catch one’s fleas.

=épuisable=, adj., exhaustible.

=épuisé=, =-e=, part., exhausted; drained; spent; worn out; used up; threadbare; out of print; done up. Terre —e; exhausted ground. L’édition est épuisée; the book is out of print.

=épuisement= (é-puiz-mān), n.m., draining; draining off; exhaustion. L’— des finances; the low state of the finances. Tuyau d’—; exhausting-pipe.

=épuiser=, v.a., to exhaust, to spend, to drain, to use up; to eat up, to consume. — une matière; to exhaust a subject. Leurs ressources étaient épuisées; their resources were exhausted.

s’=épuiser=, v.r., to be exhausted, to waste, to wear out, to exhaust one’s self; to sell off, to get out of print.

=épuisette=, n.f., scoop, hand-net, landing-net.

=épulide= or =épulie=, n.f., (surg.) epulis.

=épulons=, n.m.pl., (antiq.) epulones.

=épulotique=, n.m. and adj., (pharm.) epulotic.

☉=épurati-f=, =-ve=, adj., depurating; purifying; refining.

=épuration=, n.f., purification, purifying, refining, refinement. — du sang; purifying of the blood.

=épuratoire=, adj., purifying.

=épure=, n.f., (arch.) diagram, draught, working-drawing (of a building).

=épurement=, n.m., purifying.

=épurer=, v.a., to purify, to clear, to clarify, to refine; to purge. — de l’eau bourbeuse; to clear muddy water. — de l’or; to refine gold.

s’=épurer=, v.r., to be purified, to grow finer, more refined (of style, language).

=épurge=, n.f., (bot.) caper-spurge.

=équarrir=, v.a., (tech.) to square; to cut up.

=équarrissage=, n.m., (carp.) squareness; squaring; scantling; flaying and cutting up (horses). Dix pouces d’—; ten inches square. Bois d’—; squared timber. Clos d’—; knacker’s yard.

=équarrissement=, n.m., (tech.) squaring.

=équarrisseur=, n.m., knacker.

=équarrissoir=, n.m., rimer; knacker’s knife.

=équateur= (é-koua-), n.m., equator, equinoctial line; (country) Ecuador.

=équation= (é-koua-), n.f., (alg.) equation. — du premier degré; (alg.) simple equation. Poser une —; to state an equation. Montre à —; chronometer.

=équatorial=, =-e= (é-koua-), adj., equatorial. n.m., equatorial telescope (instrument).

=équerre=, n.f., set square; square rule. Dresser à l’—; to square. À fausse —; out of square; bevel. Courbe à —; (nav.) square knee.

=équerrer=, v.a., to square, to bevel.

=équestre= (é-kuèstr) adj., equestrian.

=équiangle= (é-kui-) adj., (geom.) equiangular.

=équidifférent=, =-e= (é-kui-), adj., equidifferent.

=équidistant=, =-e= (é-kui-), adj., (geom.) equidistant.

=équilatéral=, =-e= (é-kui-), adj., (geom.) equilateral.

=équilatère= (é-kui-), adj., (l.u.) (geom.) equilateral.

=équilboquet=, n.m., mortise-gauge.

=équilibre=, n.m., equilibrium, equipoise, poise, balance. Mettre en —; to poise. Faire l’—; to make things equal. Perdre l’—; to lose one’s equilibrium, one’s balance.

=équilibrer=, v.a., to poise; to place in equilibrium. S’—; to balance (of things).

=équilibriste=, n.m.f., acrobat.

=équille=, n.f., (pisc.) sand-eel.

=équinoxe=, n.m., equinox. Vents d’—; equinoctial wind.

=équinoxial=, =-e=, adj., equinoctial. Ligne —e; equinoctial line.

=équipage=, n.m., equipage, carriage; turnout; equipment; dress; gear, tackle, implements; plight; crew. Avoir son —, rouler —; to keep one’s carriage. Être dans un triste —; to be badly equipped. Être en triste —; to be in a sad plight. — de Jean de Paris; brilliant equipage. — de Bohème; sorry equipage. Maître d’—; (nav.) boatswain.

=équipe=, n.f., (nav.) train of boats; manning; set, gang (of workmen). Chef d’—; foreman. Homme d’—; boatman, oarsman, porter. Faire l’—; to manage; to man (a boat).

=équipée=, n.f., prank; freak, frolic.

=équipement= (é-kip-mān), n.m., outfit, fitting out, equipment, accoutrement; manning. Petit —; kit.

=équiper=, v.a., to equip, to fit out, to stock, to furnish, to man; to ill-treat, to pay out. — une flotte; to fit out a fleet.

s’=équiper=, v.r., to fit one’s self out; to dress up; to titivate one’s self; to rig one’s self out.

=équipet=, n.m., (nav.) locker.

=équipollence=, n.f., (l.u.) equipollence.

☉=équipollent=, n.m., equipollent, equivalent. À l’—; in proportion.

=équipollent=, =-e=, adj., equipollent, equivalent.

☉=équipoller=, v.a., to be equivalent, to be of the like value; to balance.

=équipondérance= (é-kui-), n.f., equiponderance.

=équitable=, adj., equitable, upright, just, fair.

=équitablement=, adv., equitably, justly, fairly.

=équitant=, =-e= (é-kui-), adj., (bot.) (of leaves) equitant.

=équitation= (é-kui-), n.f., equitation, riding, horsemanship.

=équité=, n.f., equity, justice.

=équivalemment= (-la-mān), adv., (l.u.) equivalently.

=équivalence=, n.f., equivalence.

=équivalent=, =-e=, adj., equivalent.

=équivalent=, n.m., equivalent.

=équivaloir=, v.n., to be equivalent, to be tantamount to.

=équivalve=, adj., (conch.) equivalve.

=équivoque=, adj., equivocal, ambiguous, doubtful, uncertain. Un homme —; a man of doubtful character.

=équivoque=, n.f., equivocation; ambiguity; evasion, shuffling; (paint.) defect, fault. User d’—s; to equivocate.

=équivoquer=, v.n., to equivocate, to speak ambiguously, to quibble, to shuffle.

s’=équivoquer=, v.r., to use one word for another, to make a slip, to be mistaken.

=érable=, n.m., maple, maple-tree. — blanc; sycamore. — à sucre; sugar-maple. — moucheté; birds’-eye maple.

=éradicati-f=, =-ve=, adj., eradicative.

=éradication=, n.f., eradication.

=érafler=, v.a., to scratch slightly, to graze.

=éraflure=, n.f., slight scratch, graze.

*=éraillé=, =-e=, part., frayed, fretted; bloodshot (of the eyes); (nav.) (of cables and ropes) chafed, galled; (of the voice) rough, hoarse, husky.

*=éraillement=, n.m., (med.) eversion of the eyelids; fraying, fretting, unweaving; huskiness, hoarseness.

*=érailler=, v.a., to fray, to fret, to unweave.

*s’=érailler=, v.r., to fray; (nav.) to chafe; to become bloodshot (of the eyes); to become husky, hoarse (of the voice). La gaze est sujette à s’—; gauze is apt to fray.

*=éraillure=, n.f., fret, fraying; chafing, gall.

=ératé=, =-e=, part., spleened; sprightly, lively, gay, arch, shrewd. Un petit garçon —; a sprightly little boy.

=érater=, v.a., to pull out the spleen; to spleen.

s’=érater=, v.r., to run one’s self out of breath, to lose one’s breath through running.

=ère=, n.f., era, epoch.

=érèbe=, n.m., (myth.) Erebus.

=érecteur=, n.m. and adj., (anat.) erector (muscle).

=érectile=, adj., (anat.) erectile.

=érection=, n.f., erection, erecting; establishment, raising.

=éreinter=, v.a., to break any one’s back; to tire out, to knock up, to do up; to beat unmercifully (fig.); to cut to pieces; to lash with satire; to slay.

s’=éreinter=, v.r., to break one’s back, to tire one’s self out, to be knocked up; to drudge, to toil and moil.

=érémitique=, adj., hermitical, eremitical.

=érésipélateu-x=, =-se=, adj., (med.) erysipelatous.

=érésipèle=, n.m., (med.) erysipelas, St. Anthony’s fire; (vet.) wild-fire.

=éréthisme=, n.m., (med.) erethismus.

=ergastule=, n.f., (Rom. antiq.) slaves’ prison.

=ergo=, conj., (log.) ergo; then, therefore. —-glu, —-gluc; (fam., jest.) ergo, nothing at all; and what then.

=ergot=, n.m., spur (of certain birds); (agri.) ergot, spur; (pharm.) ergota, horn-seed; (nav.) taggle; dew-claw (of a dog); (vet.) ergot. Monter sur ses —s; to ride the high horse. Être sur ses —s; to keep one’s distance; to be stand-offish. — de coq; cock’s-spur.

=ergotage=, n.m. V. =ergoterie=.

=ergoté=, =-e=, adj., spurred, having a dew-claw (of a dog). Un coq bien —; a well-spurred cock. Seigle —; spurred rye.

=ergoter=, v.n., to cavil, to wrangle, to chop logic. Il ergote sur tout; he finds fault with everything.

=ergoterie= (èr-go-trî), n.f., caviling; quibbling, quibble.

=ergoteu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., caviler, quibbler.

=ergotisme=, n.m., caviling, quibbling, quibble; (med.) ergotism.

=éridan=, n.m., (astron.) Eridanus.

=ériger=, v.a., to erect, to raise, to rear, to set up, to institute.

s’=ériger=, v.r., to erect one’s self into; to set up for, to pose as, to pretend to be; to be erected, raised, built. S’— en censeur public; to set up for a public censor.

*=érigne= or =érine=, n.f., (surg.) hook.

=érigone=, n.f., (astron.) Virgo.

=ermin=, n.m., customs duty (in the Levant).

=erminette= or =herminette=, n.f., (carp.) adz.

=ermitage=, n.m., hermitage.

=ermite=, n.m., hermit, recluse. Pâtes d’—; dry walnuts.

=érodé=, =-e=, adj., (tech.) eroded, gnawed.

=érosi-f=, =-ve=, adj., erosive.

=érosion=, n.f., erosion.

=érotique=, adj., erotic.

=érotomanie=, n.f., erotomania, nymphomania.

=erpétologie=, n.f., erpetology.

=errant=, =-e= (èr-rān, -t), adj., wandering; lost, fugitive, roving, errant; rambling. Chevalier —; knight-errant. Le juif —; the wandering Jew.

=errant=, n.m., lost sheep.

=errata= (èr-ra-ta), n.m., (—) errata.

=erratique=, adj., (med., astron.) erratic.

=erratum=, n.m., (—) erratum. V. =errata=.

=erre=, n.f., course, way; (nav.) way (of a ship). pl., track (of a stag). Aller grand’—; to go very fast. Marcher sur les —s de quelqu’un; to tread in any one’s footsteps.

=errements= (èr-mān), n.m.pl., traces, track, manner, way, proceedings; vagaries, follies. Reprendre les anciens — d’une affaire or suivre les vieux —; to fall into the old track again.

=errer= (èr-ré), v.n., to wander, to ramble, to stray, to range, to rove, to stroll, to roll; to err, to mistake, to be mistaken, to go astray. — partout; to ramble about. — çà et là; to ramble about, to stroll up and down, to wander to and fro. Aller errant; to wander up and down.

=erreur= (èr-reur), n.f., error, illusion, mistake, blunder. Sauf —; errors excepted. Être dans l’—; to be mistaken. Tirer quelqu’un de son —; to convince any one of his error. —! not a bit of it! — n’est pas compte; misreckoning is no payment.

=errhin=, n.m., (med.) errhine.

=errhin=, =-e=, adj., (med.) errhine.

=erroné=, =-e= (èr-ro-né), adj., erroneous, mistaken, false, unsound, untrue.

=erronément=, adv., erroneously.

=ers= (èr), n.m., tare, vetch, lentil.

=erse=, n.f., (nav.) iron cringle. —s de poulies; block-strops.

=erse=, adj., Erse (Gaelic, Irish, Scotch).

=erseau=, n.m., cringle.

=érubescent=, =-e=, adj., erubescent, reddening.

=érucage=, =érucago=, or =érucague= (-kag), n.f., (bot.) rocket.

=éructation=, n.f., eructation, belching.

=éructer=, v.a., (l.u.) to eructate, to belch.

=érudit=, =-e=, adj., erudite, learned.

=érudit=, n.m., scholar, learned man.

=érudition=, n.f., learning, erudition, scholarship.

=érugineu-x=, =-se=, adj., eruginous.

=erupti-f=, =-ve=, n.f., (med.) eruptive.

=éruption=, n.f., act of breaking forth, eruption; cutting (of teeth).

=érysipélateu-x=, =-se=, adj. V. =érésipélateux=.

=érysipèle=, n.m. V. =érésipèle=.

=ès=, art., (contraction of en les), in, of; (before certain names of towns), Saint-Germain — Laye. Maître — arts; master of arts.

=escabeau=, n.m., stool.

=escabelle=, n.f., stool. Déranger les —s à; (fig.) to upset (any one’s) calculations; to baffle or foil (any one).

=escache=, n.f., scatch, bit (for horses).

=escadre=, n.f., (nav.) squadron, fleet. Chef d’—; commodore; flag-officer.

*=escadrille=, n.f., (nav.) small squadron, flotilla.

=escadron=, n.m., (milit.) squadron (of horse). Chef d’—; major.

=escadronner=, v.n., to manœuvre (of cavalry).

=escalade=, n.f., scaling (a wall); (milit.) escalade.

=escalader=, v.a., to scale, to climb over; (milit.) to escalade. S’—; to be scaled.

=escale=, n.f., (nav.) putting in, calling. Faire — dans un port; to put into a port, to touch at, to call at (a port).

=escalier=, n.m., staircase, stairs, flight of stairs, steps. — en limaçon; winding staircase. — dérobé; private staircase. — de commandement; (nav.) companion-ladder.

=escalin=, n.m., Dutch (sixpenny piece).

=escalope=, n.f., split-bean; (pisc.) scallop; (cook.) a kind of stew.

=escamotage=, n.m., juggling, sleight of hand; legerdemain; prigging, filching.

=escamote=, n.f., juggler’s ball.

=escamoter=, v.a., to juggle, to juggle away; to pilfer, to shuffle out of, to ease of. On lui a escamoté sa bourse; they eased him of his purse.

=escamoteur=, n.m., juggler, conjurer; fleecer, pilferer; pickpocket.

=escamper=, v.n., to scamper away.

=escampette=, n.f., scampering. Il a pris de la poudre d’—; he has scampered away.

=escapade=, n.f., prank, freak, spree, frolic, lark. Faire une —; to have a lark.

=escape=, n.f., (arch.) scape.

*=escarbille=, n.f., coal cinder, clinker.

=escarbot=, n.m., (ent.) horn-beetle.

=escarboucle=, n.f., (min.) carbuncle.

=escarcelle=, n.f., (jest.) purse, money-bag. Il a rempli son —; he has filled his purse.

=escargot=, n.m., snail, edible snail.

=escarmouche=, n.f., skirmish; brush. — de route; (milit.) running fight. Aller à l’—; to go out skirmishing; (fig.) caviling, bickering.

=escarmoucher=, v.n., to skirmish; (fig.) to cavil, to bicker.

=escarmoucheur=, n.m., skirmisher; caviler.

=escarole=, n.f., (bot.) endive.

=escarotique=, n.m. and adj., (med.) escharotic, caustic.

=escarpe=, n.f., (fort.) scarp, escarp.

=escarpé=, =-e=, adj., steep, precipitous, rugged, cragged; (nav.) bluffy.

=escarpement=, n.m., (fort.) escarpment, steepness.

=escarper=, v.a., to cut steep or vertically; (milit.) to escarp; (fig.) to do for.

=escarpin=, n.m., pump (shoe). Jouer de l’—; to run away, to take to one’s heels, to bolt.

=escarpolette=, n.f., swing, see-saw. Il a la tête à l’—; he is a hare-brained fellow.

=escarre=, n.f., (med.) eschar; slough; ☉(fig.) gap.

=escaveçade=, n.f., (man.) jerk (with the cavesson).

=escient=, n.m., (l.u.) knowledge. À son —; to his knowledge, wittingly. À bon —; in good earnest; wittingly, knowingly.

=esclaire=, n.m., (hawking) bird of prey.

=esclandre=, n.m., fracas, uproar; scandal, exposure, scene. Faire —; to make a scene, to cause an uproar.

=esclavage=, n.m., slavery; bondage; thralldom; inthrallment; drudgery. Réduire à l’—; to enslave, to reduce to slavery.

=esclave=, n.m.f., slave; bondman; drudge. Commandeur d’—s; slave-driver. Propriétaire d’—s; slave-owner. On est — dans cette maison; one is a very drudge in that house (i.e. the work is endless in).

=esclave=, adj., slavish. Avoir une âme —; to have a slavish, base disposition.

=escobard=, n.m., equivocator, shuffler.

=escobarder=, v.n., to equivocate, to prevaricate, to shuffle.

=escobarderie=, n.f., prevarication, shuffling, subterfuge.

☉=escoffion=, n.m., cap, hair-net.

=escogriffe=, n.m., sharper, shark, sponger; tall, lank, ungainly fellow.

=escompte= (ès-cont), n.m., discount. À —; at a discount. Faire l’—; to discount.

=escompter= (ès-conté), v.a., to discount, to cash; (fig.) to anticipate, to forestall. — un billet, un effet; to cash a bill.

=escompteur= (ès-kon-teur), n.m., (com.) discounter.

=escope=, n.f. V. =écope=.

=escopette=, n.f., carbine.

=escopetterie=, n.f., volley of carbines, etc.

=escopettier=, n.m., rifleman.

=escorte=, n.f., escort; (nav.) convoy (fig.); retinue, train, attendants. Servir d’— à; to serve as an escort to, to guard. Bâtiment d’—; convoy-ship.

=escorter=, v.n., to escort; to accompany, to attend. — la caisse militaire; to escort the military chest.

=escot=, n.m., kind of serge; (nav.) skeet.

=escouade=, n.f., (milit.) squad; gang.

=escourgée=, n.f., scourge; lash; lashing.

=escourgeon= (-jon), n.m., winter-barley.

=escousse=, n.f., (l.u.) spring, run, start. Prendre son —; to take one’s spring.

=escrime=, n.f., fencing. Salle d’—; fencing-school. Être hors d’—; to be put off one’s guard; to be at one’s wits’ end.

=escrimer=, v.n., to fence; to spar; to have a trial of skill.

s’=escrimer=, v.r., to strive; to try; to dabble in; to have some knowledge of. Il s’escrime toujours, mais rien n’y fait; he keeps on pegging away, but nothing comes of it.

=escrimeur=, n.m., fencer.

=escroc= (ès-krô), n.m., sharper, swindler, blackleg.

=escroquer=, v.a., to swindle, to cheat.

=escroquerie= (ès-kro-krî), n.f., swindling, swindle, cheating.

=escroqueu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., cheat, swindler.

=escubac=. V. =scubac=.

=esculape=, n.m., (—s) Æsculapius; (fam.) a clever physician.

=esculent=, =-e=, adj., (l.u.) edible, eatable, esculent.

=escurial=, n.m., Escurial.

=ésope=, n.m., (—s) Æsop; (fam.) hunchback. C’est un —; he is a hunchback.

=ésotérique=, adj., esoteric.

=espace=, n.m., space, room, place, volume. —s imaginaires; imaginary space. Court — de temps; short space of time.

=espace=, n.f., (print.) space.

=espacement= (ès-pas-mān), n.m., (arch.) interval, interspace, spread; (print.) spacing.

=espacer=, v.a., to leave a space between; to separate, to place apart; to plant at regular intervals; (print.) to space.

=espade=, n.f., tewing-beetle (for hemp).

=espader=, v.a., to tew hemp.

=espadeur=, n.m., hemp-beater.

=espadon=, n.m., espadon, broadsword; two-handed sword; (ich.) swordfish.

=espadonner=, v.n., to fight with the broadsword.

=espadot=, n.m., boat-hook.

=espadrille=, n.f., bathing shoe, sandal.

*=espagnol=, =-e=, n. and adj., Spaniard; Spanish. La langue —e; the Spanish tongue.

*=espagnol=, n.m., Spanish (language).

*=espagnolette=, n.f., baize; French window fastening.

=espalier=, n.m., (hort.) espalier; fruit-wall; (nav.) stroke-oar. Venir en —; to grow on an espalier.

=espalmer=, v.a., (nav.) to grave.

=esparcet=, n.m., =esparcette=, n.f., French honeysuckle; esparcet; sainfoin.

=espargoute=, n.f. V. =spergule=.

=espars=, n.m.pl., (nav.) spars.

=espèce=, n.f., species, kind, sort; nature; breed; case at issue, case in point, (jur.) case. pl., specie, ready money, hard cash; (theol.) element. L’— humaine; mankind. Payer en —s; to pay in cash. —s sonnantes; hard cash, cash down.

=espérance=, n.f., hope, confidence, trust, expectation. Dans l’—; in expectation. Se nourrir d’—; to feed on hope. Vivre d’—; to live on hope. Répondre à ses —s; to answer one’s expectations.

=espérer=, v.a., to hope, to hope for, to expect; to trust. Il espère une meilleure fortune; he hopes for a better fortune. Je n’espère plus rien; I have no further hopes.

=espérer=, v.n., to hope, to hope for, to be hopeful of; to put one’s trust in. J’espère bien; I hope so indeed. En voilà une, j’espère; that’s one, if you like.

=espiègle=, n.m.f. and adj., frolicsome child; frolicsome, waggish, arch, roguish.

=espièglerie=, n.f., frolic, roguish or playful trick, waggishness.

=espingole=, n.f., blunderbuss.

=espion=, n.m., =-ne=, n.f., spy; (at races) touter.

=espionnage=, n.m., espionage; spy system, spying.

=espionner=, v.a., to spy, to pry into.

=esplanade=, n.f., esplanade, parade.

=espoir=, n.m., hope, expectance. Avoir l’— de; to be in hopes of. Mettre son — dans; to set one’s hopes on. Sans —; hopeless.

=espolin=, n.m. V. =époullin=.

=esponton=, n.m., spontoon, half-pike.

=espouleur=, n.m. V. =époulleur=.

=espoulin=, n.f. V. =époullin=.

=espringale=, n.f., springal (a kind of sling).

=esprit=, n.m., spirit, soul, ghost, shade; mind, sense, understanding, wit, intellect; humor, disposition, temper, character; meaning; spirit, spirituous liquor; (gram.) breathing. — malin; evil spirit, fiend. — follet; goblin. Dieu est un —; God is a spirit. Le Saint-—, l’—-Saint; the Holy Ghost. — doux; (Grec. gram.) soft breathing. — rude; (Grec. gram.) hard breathing. — borné, étroit; narrow intellect. — dérangé; disordered mind. — de corps; fellow-feeling, brotherhood. — d’ordre; orderliness, management. — de suite; consistency. — de parti; party spirit. Cultiver l’—; to cultivate the mind. Un homme d’—; a man of parts, a sensible man, a man of wit. Un ouvrage d’—; a work of talent. Un bel —; a wit. Un — fort; a free-thinker. — présent; ready wit. S’alambiquer l’—; to puzzle one’s brains. Un homme à l’— étroit; a narrow-minded man. Aliéner l’— de quelqu’un; to drive any one mad. Avoir l’— sain; to be of sound mind. Avoir de l’—; to be intelligent, to be witty, to be sensible. Avoir l’— aux talons; to shine at the wrong end, to go a wool-gathering. Avoir l’— bien fait; to be good-tempered. Faire de l’—; to play the wit. Faire revenir l’— à quelqu’un; to bring any one to his senses. Faire revenir quelqu’un à l’— de; to recall to any one, or remind any one of. Où avait-il l’— quand? where were his wits when? what was he thinking of, when? Vous n’avez pas saisi l’— de cet auteur; you have not understood the meaning of that author. Reprendre ses —s; to recover one’s senses; to come to one’s self. Ne pas avoir l’— tranquille; to be uneasy in one’s mind. Remettre les —s; to quiet people’s minds. Rendre l’—; to give up the ghost. Venir dans l’—; to come into one’s mind. Passer pour un homme d’—; to pass for a wit. Les grands —s se rencontrent; great wits jump together (i.e., when two people say the same thing together). —s animaux; animal spirits. L’— court les rues; wit is a drug in the market.

=esprité=, =-e=, adj., intelligent, clever, witty.

=esprot=, n.m., sprat.

=esquicher=, v.n., s’—, v.r., (reversis) to play a low card in order not to win a trick. S’—; (fig.) to answer evasively, to back out of.

=esquif=, n.m., skiff.

*=esquille=, n.f., splinter (of a bone).

=esquinancie=, n.f., quinsy.

=esquine=, n.f., (man.) horse’s loins; (bot.) China-root. Un cheval fort d’—; a horse strong in his loins. (bot.) V. =squine=.

=esquipot=, n.m., (fam.) money-box.

=esquisse=, n.f., sketch, outline, rough drawing; rough-draft; plan. Cahier d’—s; sketch-book. Faire l’— de; to make a sketch of. L’— d’un poème; the sketch of a poem.

=esquisser=, v.a., (paint.) to sketch, to outline.

=esquiver=, v.a., to shun, to avoid, to elude.

s’=esquiver=, v.r., to escape, to slip away, to steal away, to give the slip, to make off.

=esquiver=, v.n., to slip away, to make off; to avoid.

=essai=, n.m., trial, essay, attempt, endeavor; sample; experiment; testing, assaying (metal.). Donner, prendre, à l’—; to give, to take, on trial. Faire son coup d’—; to make one’s first attempt. Faire l’— de; to make a trial of. — sur la peinture; essay on painting. Faire l’— de l’or; to assay gold. Pour —; by way of trial.

=essaim= (è-sin), n.m., swarm; bevy, host.

=essaimer=, v.n., to swarm. Cette ruche a essaimé; that hive has swarmed.

=essanger=, v.a., to soak, to scour (dirty linen).

=essarder=, v.a., (nav.) to mop, to swab.

=essartement=, n.m., grubbing, clearing (of lands).

=essarter=, v.a., to clear, to grub; to assart.

=essaver=, v.a., to drain.

=essayage=, n.m., trying-on (of clothes).

=essayer=, v.a., to try; to essay, to attempt, to make a trial of; to assay. — de l’or; to assay gold. — une chose; to try a thing.

s’=essayer=, v.r., to try one’s strength or one’s skill, to make attempts, to try one’s hand. Il s’est essayé à peindre; he has tried his hand at painting.

=essayer=, v.n., to try, to attempt, to make a trial. Essayez de le persuader; try to persuade him. — de marcher; to try to walk.

=essayerie=, n.f., assay-office (of the mint).

=essayeur=, n.m., assayer.

=essayiste=, n.m.f., essayist.

=esse=, n.f., S; linch-pin (of the axle-tree of a coach); fore-lock (of a gun-carriage).

=esseigler=, v.a., to clear of rye.

=esselier=, n.m., (man.) brace.

=esséminer=, v.a., (l.u.) to disperse; to scatter.

=essence=, n.f., essence; substance; species (of trees); benzene; (of roses) otto, attar. — de romarin; essence of rosemary. — de la vie; heart’s blood.

=essénien=, n.m., Essene.

=essentiel=, =-le= (-cièl), adj., essential, material. C’est là le point —; that is the main point.

=essentiel= (-cièl), n.m., essential, essential point, main point, main thing.

=essentiellement= (-sièl-mān), adv., essentially, materially.

=essette=, n.f., hammer-axe.

=esseulé=, =-e=, adj., (fam., l.u.) solitary, abandoned.

=essieu=, n.m., axle-tree; pin (of a block), écartement des —x; wheel base (motor).

=essor=, n.m., flight; soaring, soar; strain; swing, play, scope, impulse, impulsion. Donner l’— à; to give wings to, to give scope to. L’— du génie; the soaring of genius. Prendre son —; to take one’s flight.

=essorant=, =-e=, adj., (her.) soaring. Un oiseau —; (her.) a soaring bird.

=essorer=, v.a., to hang in the air in order to dry.

s’=essorer=, v.r., to soar aloft.

=essoreu-r=, =-se=, n.m.f., dryer. n.f., drying machine.

*=essoriller=, v.a., to cut the ears (of a dog); to crop short (hair); to crop a dog.

=essoufflé=, =-e=, part., breathless; out of breath. Être tout —; to be quite out of breath.

=essoufflement=, n.m., panting, breathlessness.

=essouffler=, v.a., to put out of breath; to wind (horses). S’—, v.r., to put one’s self out of breath; to get or be out of breath.

=essui=, n.m., drying-closet, drying-house.

=essuie-main=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) towel.

=essuie-pieds=, n.m., mat, door-mat.

=essaie-plume=, n.m., (—, or —-—s) pen-wiper.

=essuyage=, n.m., wiping.

=essuyer=, v.a., to wipe, to wipe off, to wipe away, to wipe dry; to sustain, to support, to bear, to endure, to go through, to undergo. — les larmes de quelqu’un; to console any one. — des affronts; to endure affronts. — un refus or un revers; to meet with a refusal or a check.

s’=essuyer=, v.r., to dry one’s self. S’— les mains, la figure; to wipe one’s hands, one’s face.

=est= (èst), n.m., east. D’—; eastern, easterly. Un vent d’—; an easterly wind. À l’—; to the east, eastward. Vers l’—; eastward.

=estacade=, n.f., stockade; boom (of a harbor).

=estafette=, n.f., courier, express messenger; (milit.) estafette.

=estafier=, n.m., (b.s.) tall footman, flunkey, livery servant; lanky Jack; hector, bully.

=estafilade=, n.f., cut (in the face), gash, slash; rent (in clothes).

=estafilader=, v.a., to slash, to cut, to gash.

=estagnon=, n.m., a copper bottle.

=estame=, n.f., worsted, knitted worsted.

=estamet=, n.m., coarse, woolen fabric.

=estaminet=, n.m., coffee-house; smoking divan; shades; tap-room.

=estampage=, n.m., stamping (metal.).

=estampe=, n.f., print, engraving, cut; stamp. Magasin d’—s; print-shop; (tech.) stamping-machine, punch.

=estamper=, v.a., to stamp; to punch, to brand.

=estampeur=, n.m., stamper. adj., stamping.

=estampillage=, n.m., stamping, marking.

*=estampille=, n.f., stamp, mark, trade-mark.

*=estampiller=, v.a., to stamp, to mark.

=estanc=, adj.m., (nav.) water-tight, well-found. Un navire —; (nav.) a well-found ship.

=estance=, n.f., (nav.) stanchion.

=ester=, v.n., (jur.) to appear in court, to plead (before justice).

=estère=, n.f., straw mat; creek, cove.

=esteuble=, n.f., stubble. V. =éteule=.

=esthétique=, n.f., æsthetics.

=esthétique=, adj., æsthetical.

=estimable=, adj., estimable.

=estimateur=, n.m., appraiser, appreciator, valuer.

=estimatif=, adj., estimative. Etat —; estimate.

=estimation=, n.f., estimation, appraising, valuation, estimate. Faire une — de; to appraise, to estimate.

=estime=, n.f., esteem, regard, estimation; (nav.) reckoning. Avoir de l’— pour; to hold in esteem. Être perdu d’— et de réputation; to have lost one’s reputation, and the esteem of every one.

=estimer=, v.a., to estimate, to value; to rate, to assess; to esteem, to regard, to prize, to consider, to deem, to account. — des meubles; to value furniture. — trop; to overrate.

s’=estimer=, v.r., to esteem, or to prize, one’s self; to set a value on one’s self; to consider one’s self; to esteem one another.

=estival=, =-e=, adj., estival, summer.

=estivation=, n.f., (bot.) estivation; (zoöl.) torpor.

=estive=, n.f., (nav.) trimming, stowing (cargo).

=estiver=, v.a., (nav.) to stow, to trim, to press the cargo down; to turn cattle out to grass during summer.

=estoc=, n.m., tuck (sword); point of a sword; trunk, stock (of trees); (nav.) ledge, rock, shelf. Frapper d’— et de taille; to cut and thrust, or to lay about (recklessly). Parler d’— et de taille; to talk at random. Dites-vous cela de votre —? do you say that of yourself? is it original? Être réduit à blanc —; to be done up or reduced to nothing. À blanc —; (agri.) to the root.

=estocade=, n.f., (fenc.) stoccado, stoccade, thrust, lunge; unexpected attack.

=estocader=, v.n., (fenc.) to thrust, to make passes, to lunge.

=estomac= (-ma), n.m., stomach; breast; chest. Avoir mal à l’—; to have a stomach-ache. Ardeur d’—; heartburn. Soulever l’—; to turn the stomach. Tiraillements d’—; twitching pains in the stomach. Le creux de l’—; the pit of the stomach.

s’=estomaquer=, v.r., (fam.) to take offense; not to be able to brook anything; to exhaust one’s self by speaking. Il s’est estomaqué; he is put out.

=estompage=, n.m., (draw.) stumping.

=estompe=, n.f., stump. Dessin à l’—; stump-drawing.

=estomper=, v.a., to stump; to shade off.

=estouffade=, n.f. V. =étouffée=.

=estrade=, n.f., platform, stand, stage. ☉Battre l’—; to scout; to be on the tramp. Batteurs d’—; ☉scouts; (fam.) strollers, trampers, vagrants.

=estragon=, n.m., (bot.) tarragon.

☉=estramaçon=, n.m., two-edged sword. Coup d’—; cut with the edge of a sword.

=estramaçonner=, v.r., (jest., l.u.) to strike with the edge of a sword, to cut, to slash.

=estrapade=, n.f., strappado; gibbet used for the strappado; (man.) estrapade. Se donner l’—; to torture one’s brains.

=estrapader=, v.a., to give the strappado, to torture.

=estrapasser=, v.a., (man.) to overwork, to override.

=estraper=, v.a., to mow (stubble).

=estrope=, n.f., (nav.) strop.

=estroper=, v.a., (nav.) to strop.

=estropiat=, n.m., (fam.) cripple; beggar.

=estropié=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., cripple.

=estropié=, =-e=, part., crippled, lame; disabled. Être — d’un bras; to have an arm disabled. Passage —; mutilated passage.

=estropier=, v.a., to cripple, to lame, to maim, to disable; to mangle, to murder, to spoil, to mutilate. — un passage; to mutilate a passage. — un rôle; (theat.) to murder a part.

=estuaire=, n.m., (geog.) estuary.

=esturgeon= (-jon), n.m., (ich.) sturgeon.

=esule=, n.f., (bot.) esula.

=et= (é), conj., and. — ... —; both ... and; then, thereupon. — vous — moi; both you and I. [The final t of et is never pronounced.]

=établage=, n.m., stabling.

=étable=, n.f., stable (for oxen, sheep, goats); stall; cattle-shed; cattle-house; pig-sty, hog-sty, sty. S’aborder de franche —; (nav.) to run right into one another, to run foul of one another.

=établer=, v.a., to put in a stable, to stable.

=établi=, n.m., bench (joiner’s); shop-board, counter (tailor’s).

=établi=, =-e=, part., established; settled, laid down.

=établir=, v.a., to establish, to set, to fix, to erect, to set up, to set up in business; to institute, to found, to aver, to make good, to lay down (statements); to assert; to prove, to make out, to show; to induct; to strike (balance); to impose (a tax). — sa fille; to settle one’s daughter. — un fait; to state a fact; to make it good. — par des exemples; to prove, to make good, by examples.

s’=établir=, v.r., to establish one’s self, to fix one’s residence, to take up one’s residence; to settle down, to settle (marry); to set up shop; to set up in business, to set up for one’s self, to set up. Il est venu s’— en France; he came to settle in France. Il songe à s’—; he is thinking of settling down.

=établissement= (-blis-mān), n.m., establishment, establishing, settlement; setting up, fixing, placing, erecting; proving, making out, showing; imposition (of taxes); settling; setting up in business; (nav.) tide-table. L’— d’un fait; the stating, proving of a fact. Les hôpitaux sont des —s très-utiles; hospitals are highly useful institutions. L’— de ses enfants; the settling of one’s children. Frais de premier —; first expenses. Dans l’—; on the premises.

=étage=, n.m., story, floor; flight (of stairs); (geol., mining) layer, stratum. Il demeure au troisième —; he lives on the third floor. Il y a des hommes d’esprit de tout —; there are wits of every degree. C’est un sot à triple —; he is a consummate fool. Avoir un menton à double —; to have a double chin. De bas —; of low degree; low birth.

=étagé=, =-e=, part., adj., rising tier upon tier; tapered, tapering.

=étager=, v.a., to taper; to dispose in tiers. S’—; to rise tier upon tier; to taper.

=étagère=, n.f., what-not, shelves.

=étague= (é-tag), n.f., (nav.) hoisting the yards.

=étai=, n.m., stay, shore; prop, strut. — de misaine; (nav.) fore-stay. — d’artimon; (nav.) mizzen-stay. — du grand mât; (nav.) main-stay.

=étaie=, n.f., (her.) chevronel.

☉=étaiement=, n.m., propping, staying, shoring, supporting, bearing up. V. =étayement=.

=étaim= (è-tin), n.m., fine carded wool.

=étain=, n.m., tin; pewter. — fin; pure tin. — commun; block tin. — métallique; white tin. — oxydé; tin-stone. — en feuilles; tin-foil. — de glace; tin-glass.

=étal=, n.m., stall; butcher’s stall; butcher’s shop.

=étalage=, n.m., laying out, exposing of goods for sale; goods exposed for sale; shop-window; window; stallage; finery, fine clothes; showing off, ostentatious display, show. Cela n’est bon qu’à servir d’—; that will only serve for show. Faire — de son esprit; to parade one’s wit. Faire de l’—; to make a show, to show off.

=étalagiste=, n.m., stall-keeper, window-dresser.

=étale=, adj., (nav.) still; slack (of the water); settled, steady (of the wind). Mer —; slack water, tide.

=étalé=, =-e=, part., spread out, unfolded, displayed.

=étaler=, v.a., to expose for sale; to put in the shop-window; to spread, to spread out; to show, to set forth, to display, to parade, to make a show or parade of, to show off.

s’=étaler=, v.r., to be exposed for sale; to be hung up in the window; to be displayed, to be spread out; to stretch one’s self out, to sprawl; to show one’s self off, to show off. S’— sur l’herbe; to stretch one’s self at full length on the grass.

=étalier=, n.m., journeyman-butcher.

=étalinguer= (-ghé), v.a., (nav.) to clinch.

=étalingure=, n.f., (nav.) clinch, bend (of a cable).

=étalon=, n.m., stallion; standard (of weight and measures). D’—; standard. — de haras; stud-horse.

=étalonnage= or =étalonnement=, n.m., stamping (of weights, etc.); gauging.

=étalonner=, v.a., to stamp; to gauge.

=étalonneur=, n.m., inspector of weights and measures.

=étamage=, n.m., tinning; quicksilvering, silvering; plating.

=étambot= (formerly étambord), n.m., (nav.) stern-post.

=étambrai=, n.m., (nav.) partner (of a mast, etc.).

=étamer=, v.a., to tin; to plate (glass); to foliate, to quicksilver.

=étameur=, n.m., tinman; silverer.

=étamine=, n.f., stamin; tammy; sieve; strainer, colander; bolting-cloth; bolter; bunting; (bot.) stamen, male organ, thrum. Passer par l’—; to sift. Il a passé par l’—; he has been strictly examined.

=étaminé=, =-e=, adj., (bot.) stamened.

=étamineuse=, adj.f., (bot.) having stamina, but no petals or leaves.

=étaminier=, n.m., stamin-maker.

=étamper=, v.a., to punch (horse-shoes).

=étampure=, n.f., the holes of a horse-shoe.

=étamure=, n.f., melted tin, tinning, material for tinning.

=étanche=, adj., water-tight; air-tight; steam-tight.

=étanché=, part., stopped (of a leak).

=étanchement= (é-tānsh-mān), n.m., stanching; stopping; quenching; slaking. L’— du sang; the stopping of blood.

=étancher=, v.a., to stanch; to stop; to slake, to quench. — le sang; to stop the blood. — la soif; to quench the thirst. — un vaisseau; (nav.) to free a ship of water.

=étançon=, n.m., prop, stay, supporter, shore; (nav.) stanchion.

=étançonner=, v.a., to prop, to underprop, to stay, to support, to shore.

=étanfiche=, n.f., quarry-stratum.

=étang=, n.m., pond, fish-pond; pool. Peupler un —; to stock a pond. Pêcher un —; to drag a pond.

=étape=, n.f., store-house; rations; forage; halting place; stage. Brûler l’—; to pass through without stopping.

=étapier=, n.m., (milit.) distributor of rations.

=état=, n.m., state; commonweal, commonwealth; case, condition; position, circumstance, plight, predicament, account, statement, return; list, register, inventory, estimate; establishment; calling, profession, station; office. pl., dominions; (med.) acme; (milit.) list, muster-roll. Mettre hors d’— de; to put it out of any one’s power to. Il est en — de payer; he is able to pay, he is in a position to pay. En quelque — que soit l’affaire; however the matter may stand. De son —; by profession, by trade. Se mettre en — de défense; to put one’s self in a state of defense. Mettre en —; to enable, to prepare for. Tenir une chose en —; to keep a thing ready; to keep a thing in its place. Tenir en —; to keep in suspense. Faire peu d’— de; to have a poor opinion of. L’—-major; (—s-—s) (milit.) staff, staff-office, —s-généraux; states-general. — de comptes; statement of accounts. Tenir un grand —; to keep a large establishment. Ministre, secrétaire, d’—; minister, secretary, of state. Coup d’—; stroke of state policy. Homme d’—; statesman. Affaires d’—; state affairs. Raison d’—; state policy. Les —s-Unis d’Amérique; the United States of North America. Remettre en —; to set right again.

=étau=, n.m., vice. Les mâchoires de l’—; the chops of the vice. — à main; hand-vice.

=étayement= (-tê-mān), n.m., staying, shoring, bearing up, propping, supporting.

=étayer=, v.a., to stay, to prop, to bear up, to support, to shore.

=etc.=, conj., (ab. of et cætera) etc.

=et cætera=, conj., et cætera.

=été=, n.m., summer; prime (of life). — chaud, brûlant; warm, scorching, summer. Au milieu de l’—; in the middle of summer. Être dans son —; to be in one’s prime.

*=éteigneu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., (pers.) extinguisher.

*=éteignoir=, n.m., extinguisher (instrument).

=éteindre= (*éteignant, éteint), v.a., to put out, to extinguish, to quench, to appease; to exterminate, to destroy, to obliterate; to soften (colors); to wear out; to liquidate (a debt); to strike out. Eteignez la chandelle; put out the candle. — de la chaux; to slake lime. — la soif; to quench the thirst. — une pension; to buy up, to redeem, an annuity. — une obligation; to cancel an obligation. — le souvenir de; to obliterate the recollection of. — une couleur; to soften down a color.

s’=éteindre=, v.r., to be extinguished, to be put out, quenched; to go out, to die away, to die out; to decrease, to diminish, to be diminished; to be slaked (of lime). Le feu s’éteint; the fire is going out. Cette maison va s’—; that family will soon die out, will soon be extinct.

=éteint=, =-e=, part., put out, extinguished, out, extinct. Mon feu est —; my fire is out. Elle a la voix —e; her voice is scarcely audible. Des yeux —s; dull eyes.

=étendage=, n.m., lines to hang things to dry upon; drying-room.

=étendard=, n.m., standard, colors, banner, flag. Arborer, déployer, planter, un —; to hoist, to display, to plant, a standard. Lever l’— de la révolte; to raise the standard of rebellion.

=étendeuse=, n.f., (spinning) stretcher.

=étendoir=, n.m., drying-room; (print.) peel.

=étendre=, v.a., to spread, to stretch, to expand, to distend; to lay out; to lengthen, to prolong, to draw out; to lay dead, to kill one on the spot; to enlarge, to extend, to widen; to wire-draw; to lay on (colors); to overthrow, to throw down. — du beurre sur du pain; to spread butter upon bread. — son armée; to extend one’s army. — du linge; to lay out linen. — le bras; to stretch out one’s arm. — les ailes; to spread the wings. — son commerce; to extend one’s trade.

s’=étendre=, v.r., to stretch one’s self out, to sprawl; to reach, to extend; to expatiate, to dwell; to lengthen, to grow out; to draw out, to launch. Il s’étendit tout de son long sur l’herbe; he laid himself at full length upon the grass. Aussi loin que la vue peut s’—; as far as the eye can reach. S’— sur un sujet; to expatiate, to dwell, upon a subject.

=étendu=, =-e=, part., stretched, spread, extended. Du linge — sur l’herbe; linen laid out on the grass. Un empire fort —; a widely extended empire. La vue est ici fort —e; the view here is very extensive. Des connaissances —es; extensive knowledge. Il a une voix très —e; he has great compass of voice. C’est un esprit fort —; he is a man of vast intellect.

=étendue=, n.f., extent, extensiveness, expanse; compass, length. Dans toute son —; to the full. La vaste — des mers; the wide expanse of ocean. Grande — de voix; great compass of voice.

=éternel=, =-le=, adj., eternal, everlasting, ever-enduring, endless, ever-living. Le Père —; God Almighty.

=éternel=, n.m., Eternal, God; Everlasting.

=éternelle=, n.f. V. =immortelle=.

=éternellement= (-nèl-mān), adv., eternally, to all eternity, everlastingly; forever, perpetually; incessantly, continually, for evermore.

=éterniser=, v.a., to perpetuate. — son nom; to immortalize one’s name.

s’=éterniser=, v.r., to be perpetuated, to be rendered eternal.

=éternité=, n.f., eternity, everlastingness. De toute —; from all eternity.

=éternue=, n.f., (bot.) florin, sneezewort.

=éternuement= or =éternûment=, n.m., sneezing, sneeze.

=éternuer=, v.n., to sneeze.

=éternueu-r=, n.m., =-se=, n.f., sneezer.

=étésien=, adj., etesian.

=étêtement= (é-têt-mān), n.m., pollarding, topping.

=étêter=, v.a., (hort.) to top, to pollard; to take off the heads (of nails, pins).

☉=éteuf= (é-teu), n.m., ball (at tennis).

=éteule= or =esteuble=, n.f., stubble.

=éther= (é-tèr), n.m., ether.

=éthéré=, =-e=, adj., ethereal.

=éthérifier=, v.a., to etherealize; to etherize.

s’=éthérifier=, v.r., to become etherized.

=éthérisation=, n.f., (chem.) etherification.

=éthériser=, v.a., (chem.) to etherealize; (med.) to produce insensibility by means of ether.

=éthiopien=, n.m., =-ne=, n.f., Ethiopian.

=éthique=, n.f., ethics, morals.

=éthique=, adj., ethic, ethical.

=ethmoïdal=, =-e=, adj., (anat.) ethmoidal. L’os —; ethmoidal bone.

=ethmoïde=, n.m., (anat.) ethmoid.

=ethnarchie=, n.f., ethnarchy.

=ethnarque=, n.m., ethnarch.

=ethnique=, adj., ethnic, ethnical.

=ethnographe=, n.m., ethnologist.

=ethnographie=, n.f., ethnography.

=ethnographique=, adj., ethnographical.

=ethnologie=, n.f., ethnology, ethnography.

=ethnologue=, n.m., ethnologist, ethnographer.

=ethnologique=, adj., ethnologie, ethnological.

=éthologie=, n.f., ethology.

=éthologique=, adj., ethologic.

=éthopée=, n.f., description of human passions and manners.

=étiage= (é-tiaj), n.m., low-water mark.

=étier= (é-tié), n.m., ditch (for conveying sea-water to a salt-marsh).

=étincelant=, =-e= (é-tin-slān, -t), adj., sparkling, glittering, flashing, twinkling, glistening.

=étinceler= (é-tin-slé), v.n., to sparkle, to flash, to gleam, to twinkle, to glitter. Les yeux lui étincellent de colère; his eyes are flashing with anger. Cet ouvrage étincelle d’esprit; that work sparkles with wit.

=étincelette=, n.f., little spark.

=étincelle=, n.f., spark, flash of fire. Jeter des —s; to throw out sparks. Il n’a pas une — de bon sens; he is utterly devoid of good sense.

=étincellement= (-sèl-mān), n.m., sparkling, twinkling, glistening, scintillation.

=étiolement= (é-tiol-mān), n.m., etiolation, branching; sickliness (of plants); (med.) chlorosis; paleness, emaciation.

=étiolé=, =-e=, adj., part., etiolated; pale, wan, emaciated; sickly.

=étioler=, v.a., to etiolate (plants).

s’=étioler=, v.r., to etiolate, to blanch; (pers.) to be weakened, to grow enfeebled; (of plants) to waste away; to wither.

=étiologie=, n.f., (med.) etiology.

=étique=, adj., hectic; consumptive; lean, lank, emaciated.

=étiqueter= (é-tik-té), v.a., to label, to ticket.

=étiquette=, n.f., ticket, label; etiquette. Condamner sur l’— du sac; to condemn without examining, or to condemn on appearances. Tenir à l’—; to be particular; to stand on ceremony.

=étirage=, n.m., stretching; wire-drawing.

=étire=, n.f., stretching-iron (of curriers).

=étirer=, v.a., to stretch; (tech.) to lengthen, to wire-draw.

s’=étirer=, v.r., to stretch out one’s limbs.

=étisie=, n.f., consumption, decline.

=étoffe=, n.f., stuff; cloth, material; condition, quality, worth. pl., stuffs; (print.) wear and tear, plant. — drapée; woolen cloth. Il y a de l’— chez lui; he has got some stuff in him.

=étoffé=, =-e=, adj., stuffed, lined; upholstered (of furniture); comfortably off; stout, full-bodied; substantial. Discours bien —; well-arranged speech; speech full of capital things. Maison bien —e; well-furnished house. Homme bien —; man in good circumstances.

=étoffer=, v.a., to stuff, to line, to furnish with materials; to upholster.

=étoile=, n.f., star; (man.) blaze; center (of walks in parks); star-wheel, fate, destiny; asterisk; (print., fort.) star. À la lumière des —s; by starlight. — polaire; polar-star. — tombante, filante; shooting star. — de mer; starfish. Coucher à la belle —; to sleep in the open air. Né sous une mauvaise —; born under an unlucky star. Voir des —s en plein midi; to “see stars.”

=étoilé=, =-e=, adj., starry; full of stars, studded. La voûte —e; the spangled vault. Bouteille —e; starred bottle (cracked).

=étoiler=, v.a., to star, to stud with stars; to crack; to blaze; to mark with a star.

s’=étoiler=, v.r., to star, to crack; to become studded with stars.

=étole=, n.f., (c.rel.) stole.

=étonnamment= (é-to-na-mān), adv., astonishingly, wonderfully, amazingly.

=étonnant=, =-e=, adj., astonishing, surprising, wonderful, marvelous, amazing.

=étonné=, =-e=, part., astonished. Être — de; to be astonished at. Faire, jouer l’—; to feign astonishment.

=étonnement= (é-ton-mān), n.m., astonishment, amazement; admiration, wonder; fright, terror; ☉shock. Frapper d’—; to strike with amazement. Remplir d’—; to fill with astonishment. Je ne reviens pas de mon —; I cannot recover from my astonishment. Tout le monde est dans l’—; every body is amazed. À l’— de tout le monde; to the astonishment of everybody.

=étonner=, v.a., to astonish, to amaze, to startle, to stagger; to astound, to stun. Je suis étonné qu’il ne m’en ait rien dit; I wonder he said nothing about it to me.

s’=étonner=, v.r., to be astonished, to be amazed, to wonder. Il ne s’étonne de rien; he is astonished at nothing.

=étouffade=, n.f. V. =étouffée=.

=étouffant=, =-e=, adj., suffocating; sultry, close, sweltering. Chaleur —e; sweltering heat.

=étouffé=, =-e=, part., suffocated, stifled; suppressed; concealed; stamped out.

=étouffée=, n.f., (cook.) estoufade.

=étouffement= (é-toof-mān), n.m., suffocation, stifling.

=étouffer=, v.a., to suffocate, to choke, to throttle, to smother, to stifle, to suppress; to hush up; to deaden (sound). Les mauvaises herbes étouffent le blé; weeds choke the corn. — une affaire; to hush up an affair. — une révolte; to suppress a revolt. — la voix; to drown the voice.

=étouffer=, v.n., to be choking, to be choked; to be suffocated; to swelter. On étouffe ici; there is no breathing here. — de rire; to choke with laughter.

=étouffoir=, n.m., cinder-pail; extinguisher (for charcoal); damper (piano).

=étoupe=, n.f., tow, oakum. Mettre le feu aux —s; to add fuel to the flame; to fan. — goudronnée; tarred oakum.

=étoupement=, n.m., stopping, stuffing; (nav.) calking.

=étouper=, v.a., to stop (with tow or oakum); (nav.) to calk. S’— les oreilles; to stop one’s ears with cotton-wool.

=étoupi-er=, =-ère=, n.m.f., oakum-picker.

*=étoupille=, n.f., (artil.) quick-match; tube.

*=étoupiller=, v.a., (artil.) to prime.

*=étoupillon=, n.m., (artil.) toppin.

=étoupin=, n.m., wad, wadding.

=étourdeau=, n.m., young capon.

=étourderie=, n.f., giddiness, heedlessness, thoughtlessness, giddy act, blunder. Il fait toujours des —s; he is always committing some thoughtless act or other.

=étourdi=, =-e=, adj., stunned; giddy, dizzy, thoughtless, heedless; giddy-headed.

=étourdi=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., rattle-head, mad-cap, romp. C’est une —e; she is a giddy creature. À l’—e; giddily, heedlessly, rashly. Jeter à l’—e; to blurt out.

=étourdiment=, adv., inconsiderately, heedlessly, thoughtlessly.

=étourdir=, v.a., to stun, to deafen, to make dizzy, to make giddy; to astound; to din; to assuage (pain); to parboil. — la grosse faim; to take the edge off one’s appetite. — de la viande; to partly cook meat. — de l’eau; to take the chill off of the water.

s’=étourdir=, v.r., to divert one’s thoughts; to be preoccupied; to try to forget. Il s’étourdit sur son chagrin; he tries to forget his grief.

=étourdissant=, =-e=, adj., stunning, deafening, astounding.

=étourdissement= (-dis-mān), n.m., stunning, dizziness, giddiness; amazement; stupefaction; stupor; shock. Il a des —s; he is subject to attacks of giddiness. Le premier — passé; when the first shock was over.

=étourneau=, n.m., (orni.) starling; giddy fellow; flea-bitten horse.

=étourneau=, adj., flea-bitten (of horses).

=étrange=, adj., strange, odd, queer, novel; uncouth. Chose —! strange! strange to say! C’est une personne bien —; she is a very queer sort of a person.

=étrangement= (é-tranj-mān), adv., strangely, queerly; terribly.

=étrang-er=, =-ère=, adj., strange; foreign; unknown; irrelevant; outlandish. Ministre des affaires —ères; minister for foreign affairs. Être — à une science; to be unacquainted with a science. Un fait — à la cause; a fact unconnected with or foreign to the case. Corps —; extraneous body. Une langue —e; a foreign language.

=étrang-er=, n.m., =-ère=, n.f., foreigner, stranger, alien, outsider; foreign parts. C’est un —; he is a foreigner. À l’—; abroad. Passer à l’—; to go abroad.

☉=étranger=, v.a., to estrange, to drive away.

s’=étranger=, v.r., (hunt.) to desert a country, to disappear from (of game).

=étrangeté= (é-tranj-té), n.f., strangeness; oddness, queerness.

☉=étranglant=, =-e=, adj., strangling; overwhelming, amazing; decisive.

=étranglé=, =-e=, part., scanty, too narrow. Discours —; speech too much compressed.

=étrangle-loup=, n.m., (—) (bot.) true-love.

=étranglement=, n.m., strangling; garotting; (med.) strangulation; stricture.

=étrangler=, v.a., to strangle, to throttle, to choke, to stifle; to make too little, too narrow, to make scanty, to compress, to confine, to scant, to slur over. Cet habit est étranglé; that coat is too scanty. — une affaire; to slur over a business.

s’=étrangler=, v.r., to strangle one’s self.

=étrangler=, v.n., to be choked, to be strangled.

=étrangleu-r=, =-se=, n.m.f., garotter, strangler.

*=étranguillon= (-ghi-ion), n.m., (vet.) strangles. Poire d’—; choke-pear.

=étrape=, n.f., small sickle (for stubble).

=étraper=, v.a., to cut stubble.

=étraquer=, v.n., (hunt.) to track (on the snow).

=étrave=, n.f., (nav.) stem.

=être= (étant, été), v.n., to be, to exist; to belong; to have; to stand; to take part in; to come; to go; to lie; to prove to be; to turn out to be. — en bonne santé; to be in good health. — fatigué; to be tired. — à quelque chose; to be doing anything. Y —; to be at home; to have hit it. En — là; to have come to that. J’y suis; I have it. Je suis des vôtres; I shall join your party. Je n’en suis plus; I cry off. Il n’en est rien; such is not the case, it is nothing of the sort. — sage; (of children) to be good. — bien avec quelqu’un; to be on good terms with any one. — mal avec quelqu’un; to be on bad terms with any one. — de moitié; to go halves. Hé bien, soit; well, let it be so. Ainsi soit-il; so be it. Ce tableau est du Poussin; this picture is by Poussin. Il est de Paris; he is a native of Paris. Cet enfant est à moi; that child belongs to me. Cela n’est pas; it is not so. C’est que; the fact is, the truth is. Si ce n’est que; except that. N’eût été que; had it not been for. Il en sera de nous comme des autres; it will be with us as with others. Ce sont eux qui; it is they who. Je suis à vous dans un moment; I shall be at your service, with you, in a moment. Cette fois ça y est; now for it! Done this time, and no mistake! Qu’est-ce que c’est? what is it? C’est à vous de parler; it is for you to speak. C’est à vous à parler; it is your turn to speak. Où en êtes-vous? where are you? how far have you got? Je ne sais pas où j’en suis; I do not know how I am situated, I do not know what I am about. Il est à présumer; it is to be presumed. Il n’est pas en moi de l’éviter; it does not depend upon me to avoid it. En êtes-vous encore là? do you still believe that? Il en sera ce qu’il plaira à Dieu; it will be as God pleases. J’en serai de moitié; I will go halves in it. J’y suis pour un tiers; I am in for a third share. Je n’en suis plus; I have declared off. Je n’y suis pour rien; I have no hand in the matter. C’en est fait du lui; it is all over with him. Voilà où nous en sommes; such is our present situation. Il ne sait où il en est; he does not know where he is. Que sera-ce de? what will become of? Vous y êtes; you have hit it. Cela n’en est pas; that does not belong to it. Je suis tout à vous; I am entirely at your service. Si j’étais de or Si j’étais que de vous; (fam.) were I in your place. Je n’y suis pour personne; I am at home to no one. Madame n’y est pas; my mistress is not at home. Quoi qu’il en soit; at all events, be that as it may. En — pour son argent; to lose one’s money over anything. J’en suis pour mes frais; I have lost my time and money. En — pour vingt francs; to be in for it to the tune of twenty francs. — à l’étroit; to be cramped for room. On ne peut pas — et avoir été; you can’t have your cake and eat it.

=être=, n.m., being, existence; trunk (of a tree). Les —s d’une maison; the parts, ins and outs of a house. Non —; nonentity. Bien-—; welfare, comforts of life. Il sait tous les —s de cette maison; he knows all the ways of that house. Couper à blanc —; (of trees) to cut down to the root.

=étrécir=, v.a. V. =rétrécir=.

s’=étrécir=, v.r. V. se =rétrécir=.

=étrécissement= (-sis-mān), n.m. V. =rétrécissement=.

=étrécissure=, n.f. V. =rétrécissure=.

=étreindre= (étreignant, étreint), v.a., to bind, to tie, to tie up; to press, to clasp.

=étreinte=, n.f., knot; clasping, pressing; embrace. De douces —s; sweet embraces.

=étrenne= (é-trè-n), n.f., handsel. pl., New Year’s gift.

=étrenner= (é-trè-né), v.a., to give a New Year’s gift, to give a Christmas-box; to handsel; to try or put on for the first time; to buy the first lot.

*=étrésillon=, n.m., prop, stay, support.

*=étrésillonner=, v.a., to prop, to stay.

=étrier=, n.m., stirrup; iron-hook; (surg.) stirrup-bandage; strap. Il est ferme sur ses —s; he has a firm seat in the saddle. Vin or coup de l’—; stirrup-cup. Il a toujours le pied à l’—; he is never out of the saddle. Courir à franc —; to ride full speed. Faire perdre les —s à quelqu’un; to put any one out of countenance. Tenir l’— à; to give a lift to.

=étrière=, n.f., stirrup-bar; spring-bar.

*=étrille=, n.f., curry-comb.

*=étriller=, v.a., to curry, to comb (a horse); to fleece; to give a thrashing to; to drub.

=étriper=, v.a., to gut (animal). Aller à — cheval; to ride a horse at breakneck speed.

=étriqué=, =-e=, adj., scanty; narrow; curtailed. Habits —s; scanty clothes, coat.

=étrivière=, n.f., stirrup-leather. Donner les —s à quelqu’un; to give any one a thrashing. Allonger l’—; to raise fresh difficulties; to cause further delay.

=étroit=, =-e=, adj., narrow, tight, strait, close; intimate; limited, confined; scanty, small. Habit —; tight coat. Esprit —; narrow mind. Être dans une —e amitié avec quelqu’un; to be on the most intimate terms with any one. A l’—; narrowly. Être à l’—; to be pinched, to be poor, to be badly off for room. Vivre à l’—; to live sparingly.

=étroitement= (é-troat-mān), adv., closely, tightly, narrowly; intimately, sparingly. — uni; closely united.

=étroitesse=, n.f., narrowness; straitness; tightness, closeness. — d’esprit; narrow-mindedness.

=étronçonner=, v.a., to lop off.

=étrusque=, adj., Etruscan.

=étude=, n.f., study; (in colleges) school-room, time of study; examination; survey; rehearsal; (paint.) academy figure; office, chambers, practice (of attorneys); disguise, art, affectation. pl., education. Cabinet d’—; study. Maître d’—; usher. Avoir de l’—; to be a man of attainment. Je me fais une — de; I make it a study to. Il a fait ses —s; he has finished his education. Il a fait de bonnes —s; he has had a good education. Être sans —; to have no education. À l’—; (of plans) being considered, under consideration; (of plays) in rehearsal.

=étudiant=, n.m., student, undergraduate. — en droit; law student. — en médecine; medical student.

=étudié=, =-e=, part., studied, affected, far-fetched. Langage —; studied language. Tableau fort —; elaborate piece of painting.

=étudier=, v.n., to study; to learn; to practise (music); to examine; to survey.

=étudier=, v.a., to study; to practise (music). — la nature; to study nature. — son rôle; to study one’s part. — un discours; to study a speech.

s’=étudier=, v.r., to study, to make it one’s study, to school one’s self.

=étudiole=, n.f., paper-case.

=étui=, n.m., case, box; sheath, wing-sheath; needle-case. — de chapeau; hat-box.

=étuve=, n.f., sweating-room; (manu.) stove, drying stove.

=étuvée=, n.f., stewed meat.

=étuvement= (é-tuv-mān), n.m., bathing, fomenting (of a wound).

=étuver=, v.a., to bathe, to foment; (cook.) to stew.

☉=étuviste=, n.m., bath-keeper.

=étymologie=, n.f., etymology.

=étymologique=, adj., etymological.

=étymologiquement=, adv., etymologically.

=étymologiser=, v.n., to etymologize.

=étymologiste=, n.m., etymologist.

=eubages=, n.m.pl., Gaulish Druids.

=eucharistie= (eu-ka-ris-tî), n.f., Eucharist.

=eucharistique=, adj., eucharistical.

=eucologe=, n.m., euchology.

=eucraisie=, n.f., (med.) eucrasy.

=eudiomètre=, n.m., eudiometer.

=eudiométrie=, n.f., eudiometry.

=eudiométrique=, adj., eudiometric.

=eufraise=, n.f., (bot.) euphrasy, eyebright.

=euh=, int., aha! oh! Euh! Euh! so, so.

=eulogie=, n.f., ☉(rel.) consecrated bread. pl., (Grec. rel.) broken remnants of the host.

=euménide=, n.f., (myth.) Fury.

=eunuque=, n.m., eunuch.

=eupatoire=, n.f., (bot.) eupatory.

=euphémique=, adj., euphemistic.

=euphémisme=, n.m., euphemism.

=euphonie=, n.f., euphony.

=euphonique=, adj., euphonical.

=euphorbe=, n.m., (bot.) euphorbia, spurge, (pharm.) euphorbium.

=euphorbiacées=, n.f.pl., (bot.) euphorbiaceæ.

=européen=, =-ne= (-in, è-n), n. and adj., European.

=eurythmie=, n.f., eurythmy.

=eustache=, n.m., cheap clasp-knife, whittle.

=eustyle=, n.m., (arch.) eustyle.

=eutychéen= or =eutychien=, n.m., eutychian.

=eux=, pron. m.pl., they; them. —-mêmes; themselves. Entre —; between them.

=évacuant=, =-e=, adj., (med.) evacuant.

=évacuant=, n.m., (med.) evacuant.

=évacuati-f=, =-ve=, adj., (med., l.u.) evacuant.

=évacuation=, n.f., evacuation; ejection. L’— d’une place; the evacuation of a fortress or town.

=évacuer=, v.a., to evacuate; to throw off, to eject, to clear. — les humeurs; to throw off the humours. Faites — la salle; clear the room. — une place; to evacuate a place.

s’=évader=, v.r., to make one’s escape, to escape, to break loose; to get away.

=évagation=, n.f., evagation.

=évaluable=, adj., ratable, appraisable.

=évaluation=, n.f., valuation, estimate. L’— d’une perte; the estimate of a loss.

=évaluer=, v.a., to value, to estimate, to rate.

=évangélique=, adj., evangelical.

=évangéliquement= (-lik-mān), adv., evangelically.

=évangéliser=, v.a., to evangelize, to preach the Gospel to.

=évangéliser=, v.n., to evangelize, to preach the Gospel.

=évangéliste=, n.m., Evangelist.

=évangile=, n.m., Gospel. Côté de l’—; left-hand side of the altar. Prêcher l’—; to preach the Gospel. Il croit cela comme l’—; he takes that for Gospel. Prendre tout pour paroles d’—; to take all for Gospel. L’— du jour; the current news; (rel.) the gospel for the day.

=évanoui=, =-e=, adj., in a swoon; insensible, unconscious, senseless; vanished, dispelled, gone.

s’=évanouir=, v.r., to faint, to swoon, to swoon away; to vanish, to disappear, to fade away. Cette nouvelle l’a fait s’—; that news made her swoon.

=évanouissement= (-noo-is-mān), n.m., swoon, swooning away, fainting fit, syncope, disappearance. Revenir d’un —; to recover from a swoon.

=évaporable=, adj., evaporable.

=évaporati-f=, =-ve=, adj., causing evaporation.

=évaporation=, n.f., evaporation; giddiness, thoughtlessness.

=évaporatoire=, adj., evaporating.

=évaporé=, =-e=, n. and adj., giddy, thoughtless person; evaporate, evaporated. Un jeune homme —; a giddy-brained youth.

=évaporer=, v.a., to evaporate, to give vent, to pour out in words. — son chagrin; to give vent to one’s grief.

s’=évaporer=, v.r., to evaporate; to get giddy, heedless. Il commence à s’—; his conduct is becoming irregular.

=évasé=, part., widened; bell-shaped; bell-mouthed. Nez —; nose with wide nostrils.

=évasement= (é-vâz-mān), n.m., width, widening (at the mouth of a vase, etc.); (arch.) splay.

=évaser=, v.a., to widen (an opening); to spread, to extend; (arch.) to splay. — un tuyau; to widen a pipe. — un arbre; to extend a tree. S’—; to be widened; to extend, to spread.

=évasi-f=, =-ve=, adj., evasive.

=évasion=, n.f., escape, flight, elopement.

=évasivement=, adv., evasively.

=évasure=, n.f., opening; splay.

=évêché=, n.m., bishopric; episcopate, see; bishop’s palace.

=évection=, n.f., (astron.) evection.

*=éveil=, n.m., (l.u.) awakening; (fig.) warning, hint, alert; alarm; suspicion; awaking, rousing. En —; on one’s guard; on the watch. Donner l’—; to warn.

*=éveillé=, =-e=, adj., awake, brisk, lively, sprightly; sharp, smart, intelligent. Elle est fort —e; she is very sprightly.

*=éveiller=, v.a., to awake, to awaken, to wake, to rouse, to excite, to enliven. — les soupçons; to arouse suspicion.

*s’=éveiller=, v.r., to awake, to wake up; to get animated. Elle s’est éveillée en sursaut; she awoke with a start.

=éveilleu-r=, =-se=, n.m.f., awakener; rouser.

=événement= (é-vé-n-mān), n.m., event, occurrence; emergency; issue, end, result. À tout —; at all events; to provide for emergencies. En cas d’—; upon an emergency.

=évent=, n.m., flatness, vapidness, deadness; open air; vent-hole; air-hole; (artil.) windage. Sentir l’—; to smell vapid. Avoir la tête à l’—; to be thoughtless, hare-brained, scatter-brained.

=éventable=, adj., liable to go flat.

*=éventail=, n.m., fan. Fenêtre en —; fan-light.

*=éventailliste=, n.m.f., fan-maker.

=éventaire=, n.m., flat basket.

=éventé=, =-e=, part., fanned, aired, flat, dead; giddy, thoughtless. Vin —; dead, flat wine. Un homme —; a giddy, scatter-brained man.

=éventer=, v.a., to fan, to winnow (corn); to air; to deaden; to let (wine) get flat; to injure by exposure to the air; to discover (a mine); to divulge, to get wind of; to let out (a secret); to discover.

s’=éventer=, v.r., to fan one’s self, to evaporate, to pall, to become flat; to be divulged; to get abroad; to get wind.

=éventoir=, n.m., fire-fan.

=éventrer=, v.a., to embowel, to disembowel, to eviscerate, to gut (fish); to rip up, to break open; to open (a pie).

s’=éventrer=, v.r., to rip open one’s bowels.

=éventualité=, n.f., uncertainty, contingency, eventuality.

=éventuel=, =-le=, adj., eventual, contingent, uncertain.

=éventuel=, n.m., extra-grant, capitation-fee.

=éventuellement= (-tuèl-mān), adv., eventually, contingently.

=éventure=, n.f., crack, flaw.

=évêque=, n.m., bishop. — in partibus; bishop in partibus. Devenir d’— meunier; to descend from peer to peasant. Un chien regarde bien un —; a cat may look at a king.

=éversi-f=, =-ve=, adj., eversive; subversive.

=éversion=, n.f., eversion, overthrow.

s’=évertuer=, v.r., to struggle, to strive, to exert or bestir one’s self; to move heaven and earth. Je m’évertue à le faire; I do all I can to accomplish it.

=éviction=, n.f., (jur.) eviction, ejectment.

=évidement=, n.m., scooping out, hollowing; groove, hollow.

=évidemment= (-da-mān), adv., evidently, obviously, plainly, clearly.

=évidence=, n.f., evidence, obviousness, plainness, clearness. Mettre en —; to make conspicuous, to make prominent. Être en —; to be conspicuous. Se rendre à l’—; to be convinced; to submit to.

=évident=, =-e=, adj., evident, plain, clear, obvious.

=évider=, v.a., to hollow, to groove, to scoop out; to stamp, to pink; to unstarch.

=évidoir=, n.m., hollowing-bit, borer.

=évidure=, n.f., (tech.). V. =évidement=.

=évier=, n.m., sink, sink-stone.

=évincer=, v.a., to evict, to eject; to oust. Il a été évincé; he was turned out.

=évitable=, adj., avoidable; evitable.

=évitage=, n.m., (nav.) swinging; swinging-room.

=évitée=, n.f., (nav.) swinging berth, swinging-room. Le vaisseau fait son —; the ship is swinging round or to. Avoir son —; to have a wide berth.

=évitement= (é-vit-mān), n.m., (railways) siding, shunting. Gare, voie, d’—; siding.

=éviter=, v.a., to shun, to avoid, to evade, to eschew; to elude, to escape; to save. — les périls; to avoid dangers. — les mauvaises compagnies; to shun bad company. — la peine; to save trouble.

s’=éviter=, v.r., to avoid each other; to spare one’s self; (of things) to be avoided.

=éviter=, v.n., (nav.) to swing. — au vent; to stem the wind. — à la marée; to stem the tide.

=évocable=, adj., (jur.) removable.

=évocation=, n.f., evocation, raising up; (jur.) removal.

=évocatoire=, adj., (jur.) for removal (from one court to another).

=évoluer=, v.n., (nav., milit.) (l.u.) to perform evolutions; to evolve, to revolve.

=évolution=, n.f., evolution.

=évolutionnaire=, adj., (milit., nav.) evolutionary.

=évoquer=, v.a., to evoke, to raise up, to conjure up; to call up. — à un tribunal supérieur; (jur.) to remove to a superior court.

=évulsion=, n.f., (tech.) evulsion.

=ex= (èks), (prefix) ex.

=ex abrupto=, adv., suddenly, unexpectedly.

=exacerbation=, n.f., (med.) exacerbation.

=exact=, =-e= (èg-zakt), adj., exact, accurate, correct, precise, punctual; close. —e analyse; close analysis. Les sciences —es; the exact sciences. — à; exact in.

=exactement=, adv., exactly, punctually, accurately; correctly, precisely.

=exacteur=, n.m., exactor, extortioner.

=exaction=, n.f., exaction, extortion.

=exactitude=, n.f., exactness, punctuality, exactitude; correctness, accuracy, precision, closeness. Agir avec —; to be punctual.

=exaèdre=, n.m. and adj. V. =hexaèdre=.

=exagérat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., exaggerator; given to exaggeration.

=exagérati-f=, =-ve=, adj., exaggeratory.

=exagération=, n.f., exaggeration, amplification; overrating; aggravation.

=exagérer=, v.a., to exaggerate, to magnify.

=exagone=, n.m. and adj. V. =hexagone=.

=exaltation=, n.f., exaltation, exalting.

=exalté=, =-e=, n. and part., enthusiast, fanatic; person over-excited; exalted, elated; over-excited, heated, feverish.

=exalter=, v.a., to exalt, to extol, to magnify, to glorify, to cry up; to excite, to elate, to inflame, to over-excite; (chem.) to exalt, to purify.

s’=exalter=, v.r., to become excited, elated, to rise, to be exalted; to be over-excited; to extol, to magnify; to cry up one another.

=examen= (-min), n.m., examination, investigation, survey; inspection, scrutiny. — préliminaire; little-go. Jury d’—; board of examiners. Faire l’— d’un livre; to examine a book. Après mûr —; after mature examination. — de conscience; self-examination. Se préparer à un —; to prepare for an examination. Libre —; free thinking.

=examinat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., examiner. — supérieur pour les mathématiques; (universities) moderator. — adjoint; assistant-examiner.

=examiné=, =-e=, part., examined.

=examiner=, v.a., to examine, to inquire into, to inspect, to survey, to look at; to weigh, to discuss, to consider, to explore. — à fond; to sift thoroughly. — rapidement; to glance over, to run over.

s’=examiner=, v.r., to examine, to search one’s self; to examine one’s own conscience; to examine, or to observe, one another attentively.

=exanthémateu-x=, =-se=, adj., (med.) exanthematous.

=exanthémathique=, adj., (med.) exanthematic.

=exanthème=, n.m., (med.) exanthema.

=exarchat= (-ka), n.m., exarchate.

=exarque=, n.m., exarch.

=exaspérant=, =-e=, adj., exasperating, aggravating.

=exaspération=, n.f., exasperation, aggravation; acme.

=exaspéré=, =-e=, part., exasperated, enraged, incensed.

=exaspérer=, v.a., to exasperate, to enrage, to incense, to inflame.

s’=exaspérer=, v.r., to become, or get, or grow exasperated, enraged, incensed.

=exaucement= (ég-zôs-mān), n.m., granting, hearing (of prayers).

=exaucer=, v.a., to hearken to, to hear favorably; to grant. Dieu exauce les prières des humbles; God gives an ear to the prayers of the humble.

=excavateur=, n.m., excavator.

=excavation=, n.f., excavation, excavating.

=excaver=, v.a., to excavate, to hollow out.

=excédant=, =-e=, adj., exceeding; tiresome, unbearable.

=excédent=, n.m., overplus; surplus; overweight; (arith.) excess, difference.

=excéder=, v.a., to exceed, to go beyond; to wear out, to tire out. Il a excédé son pouvoir; he has exceeded his power. — quelqu’un de coups; to beat and bruise any one unmercifully.

s’=excéder=, v.r., to be worn out; to wear out; to weary, to tire, one’s self out. S’— de débauches; to wear one’s self out with debauchery. S’— de travail; to overwork one’s self; to work too hard.

=excellemment= (èk-sè-la-mān), adv., excellently, surpassingly.

=excellence=, n.f., excellence, excellency. Par —; preeminently, above all. Votre —; your Excellency. Donner de l’—; (fam.) to call any one Excellency.

=excellent=, =-e=, adj., excellent; delightful; delicious.

=excellentissime=, adj., most excellent.

=exceller=, v.n., to excel, to be eminent, to transcend, to be transcendent, to surpass.

=excentricité=, n.f., eccentricity.

=excentrique=, adj., eccentric, odd.

=excentrique=, n.m., (mec.) eccentric-wheel.

=excepté=, prep., except, excepting, save, but. — que; except that.

=excepter=, v.a., to except. S’—; to be excepted.

=exception=, n.f., exception; (jur.) exception; (jur.) plea; (jur.) bar. — déclinatoire; (jur.) plea against the jurisdiction. — péremptoire; (jur.) demurrer. — d’incompétence; (jur.) foreign plea. — tirée de l’aveu or des actes de la partie; estoppel. À l’— de; with the exception of, except, excepting. D’—; exceptional.

=exceptionnel=, =-le=, adj., exceptional.

=excès=, n.m., excess, abuse, waste; intemperance, riot, debauchery; (jur.) ill-usage, outrage, violence; (geom., arith.) excess, difference. A l’—, avec —, jusqu’à l’—; to excess, excessively, immoderately. Faire des —; to commit excesses, to be guilty of excesses.

=excessi-f=, =-ve=, adj., excessive, extreme, extravagant; exorbitant; intemperate.

=excessivement= (-siv-mān), adv., excessively, to excess.

=exciper=, v.n., (jur.) to plead or to allege an exception.

=excipient=, n.m., (pharm.) excipient.

=excise=, n.f., excise; excise-office.

=exciser=, v.a., (surg.) to amputate, to cut off.

=excision=, n.f., (surg.) excision, cutting off.

=excitabilité=, n.f., excitability.

=excitable=, adj., excitable.

=excitant=, =-e=, adj., (med.) exciting.

=excitant=, n.m., (med.) excitant.

=excitat-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., exciter.

=excitati-f=, =-ve=, adj., excitative.

=excitation=, n.f., exciting, excitation, excitement, inciting.

=excitement= (èk-sit-mān), n.m., (med.) excitement.

=exciter=, v.a., to excite, to provoke, to stir up, to cause, to inspire, to arouse, to rouse; to urge, to stimulate, to encourage, to inspirit, to animate, to quicken, to instigate, to prompt, to spur; to inflame, to irritate. — un chien contre quelqu’un; to set a dog at any one.

s’=exciter=, v.r., to excite, to animate, to encourage one’s self; to animate, to encourage one another; to be excited.

=exclamati-f=, =-ve=, adj., exclamative; (gram.) of exclamation.

=exclamation=, n.f., exclamation. Point d’—; note of exclamation.

s’=exclamer=, v.r., to exclaim, to cry out, to clamor; to protest.

=exclure=, v.a., to exclude, to debar, to shut out, to keep from, to bar, to leave out.

=exclusi-f=, =-ve=, adj., exclusive.

=exclusion=, n.f., exclusion.

=exclusivement= (-ziv-mān), adv., exclusively.

=excommunicateur=, n.m., excommunicator. adj., excommunicating.

=excommunication=, n.f., excommunication.

=excommunié=, n.m., =-e=, n.f., excommunicated. Avoir un visage d’—; to look pale and wretched.

=excommunier=, v.a., to excommunicate.

=excoriation=, n.f., (surg.) excoriation, barking.

=excorier=, v.a., (surg.) to excoriate.

=excrément=, n.m., excrement. — de la terre; scum of the earth.

=excrémenteu-x=, =-se=, or =excrémentiel=, =-le=, or =excrémentitiel=, =-le=, adj., excrementitious, excremental, excrementitial.

=excréteur= or =excrétoire=, adj.m., (physiology) excretory, excretive.

=excrétion=, n.f., (physiology) excretion.

=excroissance=, n.f., excrescence, excrescency; fungus.

=excursion=, n.f., excursion, inroad; digression, ramble; trip. En —; for an outing. Faire une —; to make an excursion, to take a trip.

=excursionniste=, n.m.f., excursionist, tourist.

=excusable=, adj., excusable, pardonable, venial; (jur.) by misadventure (homicide).

☉=excusation=, n.f., (jur.) excusation, plea.

=excuse=, n.f., excuse, apology; (jur.) plea, excusation. Faire des —s; to apologize. Faites —! excuse me! I beg your pardon! Je vous fais —; I beg your pardon.

=excuser=, v.a., to excuse, to exculpate, to pardon; to bear with; to apologize for. Il l’a excusé auprès du roi; he has apologized for him to the king. On doit — les fautes de la jeunesse; one must bear with the errors of youth.

s’=excuser=, v.r., to excuse, to exculpate one’s self; to throw the blame on; to decline; to apologize, to make an apology. Le capitaine s’est excusé sur son lieutenant; the captain cast the blame upon his lieutenant. S’— de faire une chose; to decline doing a thing. Qui s’excuse, s’accuse; a guilty conscience needs no accuser.

=exeat= (èg-zé-at), n.m., exeat; pass, leave (to go out of one diocese into another). Donner à quelqu’un son —; to send off, to discard, to dismiss, any one. Donner un — à; to give any one leave to go out.

=exécrable=, adj., execrable, deplorable.

=exécrablement=, adv., execrably, deplorably.

=exécration=, n.f., execration. Il est en — à tout le monde; he is held in abhorrence by everybody.

=exécratoire=, adj., execratory.

=exécrer=, v.a., to execrate, to hold in execration or in detestation.

=exécutable=, adj., feasible, practicable.

=exécutant=, n.m., (mus.) performer, player.

=exécuter=, v.a., to execute, to perform; to accomplish, to carry out, to achieve, to fulfill; (jur.) to distrain; (jur.) to serve; to put to death. J’exécuterai ce que j’ai promis; I shall perform what I promised. — un arrêt; to carry out a sentence.

s’=exécuter=, v.r., to be performed, to be done, to take place; to sell off (one’s property for the benefit of creditors); to sacrifice one’s self; to yield, to comply, to submit. Allons, exécutez-vous; come, do the needful.

=exécut-eur=, n.m., =-rice=, n.f., executor, executrix; executioner, hangman. — testamentaire; executor, executrix. Livrer à l’—; to deliver over to the executioner.

=exécuti-f=, =-ve=, adj., executive. n.m., the Executive.

=exécution=, n.f., execution, accomplishment, performance, achievement, fulfillment. Mettre des ordres à —; to execute orders. Mettre à —; to carry out. L’— de ce travail ne répond pas au plan; the execution of this work does not come up to the plan. L’— d’un morceau de musique; the performance of a piece of music. Homme d’—; resolute, bold, enterprising, practical man. Ordre d’—; (of a criminal) death-warrant, warrant for execution. Procéder à l’—; to carry out an execution.

=exécutoire=, n.m. and adj., (jur.) writ of execution; executory.

=exèdre=, n.m., (arch.) exedra.

=exégèse=, n.f., exegesis.

=exégétique=, adj., exegetical.

=exemplaire=, adj., exemplary.

=exemplaire=, n.m., model, pattern; copy (of printed books, engravings); specimen. J’ai trois —s de ce livre-là; I have three copies of that book. J’ai un bel — de cette médaille; I have a fine copy of that medal.

=exemplairement= (-plèr-mān), adv., exemplarily, in an exemplary manner.

=exemple=, n.m., example, pattern; precedent, parallel, instance; copy, copy-slip. Proposer un —; to offer an example. Ne vous réglez pas sur son —; do not follow in his footsteps. Faire un — de quelqu’un; to make an example of any one. Prendre — sur quelqu’un; to be guided by any one. Il n’y en a point d’—; there is no precedent for it, there is no example of such a thing. Donnez-m’en un —; give me an instance. Citer un —; to quote an instance. Prêcher d’—; to practice what one preaches. Un dictionnaire sans —s est un squelette; a dictionary without examples is a mere skeleton. À l’— de; in imitation of. Par —; for instance, for example; indeed! bless me! upon my word! upon my honor! only fancy! the idea! Par —, voilà qui est fort! well now, I like that! Sans —; extraordinary, unexampled, unparalleled.

=exempt=, =-e= (èg-zān, -t), adj., exempt, exempted, free from.

=exempt=, n.m., ecclesiastic exempted from the jurisdiction of the ordinary. — de police; police officer; constable.

=exempter= (èg-zān-té), v.a., to exempt, to free; to dispense, to excuse, to exonerate.

s’=exempter=, v.r., to exempt one’s self from, to dispense with.

=exemption= (èg-zānp-sion), n.f., exemption, exoneration, immunity; dispensation. Lettre d’— des droits de douane; (com.) bill of sufferance.

=exequatur= (-koua-), n.m., (—) exequatur.

=exercer=, v.a., to exercise, to train up; to perform, to practice, to exert; to fill an office; to follow, to carry on (a trade or profession); (milit.) to drill. — des soldats; to drill soldiers. — sa mémoire; to exercise one’s memory. — la patience de quelqu’un; to try any one’s patience. — l’hospitalité; to practice hospitality. — la médecine; to practice medicine.

s’=exercer=, v.r., to exercise, to practice; to exercise, to train one’s self; to exert one’s self; to try one’s hand at.

=exercer=, v.n., to practice; to visit (manufacturers and others who sell excisable articles). Avocat qui n’exerce plus; retired barrister.

=exercice=, n.m., exercise, practice, use; work, labor; trouble, fatigue; inspection (of an officer of the indirect taxes); (administration) receipts and expenditure during a certain time; (milit.) drill; drilling. Entrer en —; to commence one’s duties. Sortir d’—; to finish one’s term of service. L’— d’une profession; the exercise of a profession. Faire l’—; to exercise, to drill. Faire l’— à des soldats; to drill, to train, soldiers. Subir l’—; to be drilled. Prendre de l’—; to take exercise. Se tenir en —; to keep one’s self in practice. — à jeu; rifle, carbine exercise. — de piété; practice of piety.

=exérèse=, n.f., (surg.) extraction, amputation, cutting off.

=exergue= (èg-zèrg), n.m., exergue.

=exfoliati-f=, =-ve=, adj., (surg., pharm.) exfoliative.

=exfoliation=, n.f., (surg.) exfoliation.

s’=exfolier=, v.r., to exfoliate.

=exfumer=, v.a., (paint.) to soften.

=exhalaison=, n.f., exhalation, effluvium.

=exhalant=, n.m. and adj., (anat.) exhaling vessel; exhaling.

=exhalation=, n.f., exhalation.

=exhalatoire=, adj., evaporating. n.m., evaporating-vessel.

=exhaler=, v.a., to send forth, to exhale; to give forth, to breathe; to vent; to give vent to; to emit. Ces fleurs exhalent une douce odeur; these flowers emit a sweet smell. — sa colère; to give vent to one’s anger.

s’=exhaler=, v.r., to be emitted, to be exhaled; to give vent to, to indulge in. S’— en plaintes, en menaces; to give vent to complaints, to indulge in threats.

=exhaussement= (èg-zôs-mān), n.m., (arch.) height; raising up, mound.

=exhausser=, v.a., (arch.) to raise, to raise up, to run up, to make higher. S’—; to be raised; to raise one’s self.

=exhérédation=, n.f., (jur.) disinheriting, exheredation, disinheritance.

=exhéréder=, v.a., (jur.) to exheredate, to disinherit.

=exhiber=, v.a., to exhibit, to produce, to show. — ses papiers, son passeport; to produce one’s papers, one’s passport.

=exhibition=, n.f., (jur.) exhibition, producing, exhibiting.

=exhibitoire=, adj., exhibitory, prohibitive.

=exhilarant=, =-e=, adj., exhilarating.

=exhortati-f=, =-ve=, adj., exhortative.