Warren Commission (15 of 26): Hearings Vol. XV (of 15) (part 7 of 8)

Warren Commission (15 of 26): Hearings Vol. XV (of 15) (part 7 of 8)

Mr. HUBERT. In other words, you spoke to them and told them that you had talked to Jack, but that was after you knew Jack had shot Oswald?

Mr. PAUL. No--I told them that he called me on Saturday night a few times.

Mr. HUBERT. But did you tell them that before you knew that Jack had shot Oswald or after?

Mr. PAUL. After.

Mr. HUBERT. All right, Mr. Paul. I don’t believe we have talked about anything today that has not been made a part of the record, is that correct, sir?

Mr. PAUL. Yes, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. I certainly thank you for coming again, Mr. Paul.

Mr. PAUL. Okay--my pleasure.

TESTIMONY OF HARRY TASKER

The testimony of Harry Tasker was taken at 7 p.m., on August 24, 1964, at the Federal Building, Forth Worth, Tex., by Mr. Leon D. Hubert, Jr., assistant counsel of the President’s Commission.

Mr. HUBERT. This is the deposition of Harry Tasker.

Mr. Tasker, my name is Leon Hubert. I am a member of the advisory staff of the general counsel of the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy. Under the provisions of Executive Order 11130 dated November 29, 1963, and the joint resolution of Congress, No. 137, and the rules of procedure adopted by the Commission in conformance with that Executive order and that joint resolution, I have been authorized to take this sworn deposition from you.

I state to you that the general nature of the Commission’s inquiry is to ascertain, evaluate and report upon the facts relative to the assassination of President Kennedy and the subsequent violent death of Lee Harvey Oswald.

In particular, as to you, Mr. Tasker, the nature of the inquiry today is to determine what facts you know about the death of Oswald and any other pertinent facts you may know about the general inquiry and about Jack Ruby and his operations and movements and so forth.

We are also inquiring into the circumstances of the presence of Jack Ruby in the basement of the police department and his movements and so forth on November 24.

Now, Mr. Tasker, every witness is required by rules adopted by the Commission to have 3-days written notice to appear and give their deposition, but the rules also provide that if the witness is willing, he may waive that written notice and can go ahead and testify.

Mr. TASKER. I guess I can answer your questions or what you want to know--what’s the use of waiting 3 days?

Mr. HUBERT. You are willing to testify right now, as I understand?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. All right, will you rise so I can administer the oath.

Do you solemnly swear the testimony you are about to give in this matter will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Will you state your name, please?

Mr. TASKER. Harry T. Tasker.

Mr. HUBERT. Where do you reside?

Mr. TASKER. Right now I’m living at 4396 Percy Street, Lancaster, Tex. I’ve bought me a home out there. It’s in Dallas, but my mailing address is Lancaster, Tex.

Mr. HUBERT. What is your occupation?

Mr. TASKER. I drive a taxicab.

Mr. HUBERT. How long have you been so doing?

Mr. TASKER. Two years.

Mr. HUBERT. Now, did you have occasion to be near the Main Street entrance of the Dallas Police Department on the morning of Sunday, November 24, 1963?

Mr. TASKER. I was.

Mr. HUBERT. Would you tell us, please, how you came to be there?

Mr. TASKER. Well, I picked up a news reporter. I’ve forgot which one of the papers he was with. I don’t know whether it was United or--I believe it was United, but I’m not for sure now, which press he was with.

Mr. HUBERT. It was a national press system, was it?

Mr. TASKER. Well, it was one of these reporters with the United Press, I believe. I believe that was it or either the Associated Press?

Mr. HUBERT. You don’t know his name?

Mr. TASKER. No; and he hired me to stay with him and I drove around the block there and parked.

Mr. HUBERT. What time did he hire you?

Mr. TASKER. Well, now, that--I’ve forgotten, sir. It was up around between 9 and 10 o’clock in the morning, I believe now. Now, I might be wrong--now--I won’t say.

Mr. HUBERT. So, he hired you to be standing by?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. And you weren’t to take any passengers, is that what your duties were?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, no---he paid me for my time and everything.

Mr. HUBERT. Did he tell you where to be so he could reach you?

Mr. TASKER. Yes; he had me to park about at a 45° angle east and north of the entrance of the north entrance of the city hall basement.

Mr. HUBERT. That’s the so-called Main Street entrance?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. So, you were parked on Main Street?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Were you on the same side?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, no--I was on the opposite side.

Mr. HUBERT. And how far from Harwood Street were you?

Mr. TASKER. I was about--I’ll say--90 feet.

Mr. HUBERT. Would you say that you were just nearly opposite the Main Street entrance?

Mr. TASKER. No; I was on about a 45°--you know.

Mr. HUBERT. Were there other cars parked the same way there?

Mr. TASKER. Well, you see what it was down there ahead of me was no parking zones and things like that, you see, and there was no one there.

Mr. HUBERT. So you were the only car there?

Mr. TASKER. I was the only one there.

Mr. HUBERT. Were you seated in your car all the time?

Mr. TASKER. Sir?

Mr. HUBERT. Were you seated in your taxi all the time?

Mr. TASKER. Yes; I was seated in my taxi part of the time, and then I went over one time to look for my reporter, you see, because I didn’t want to lose him, and that’s about all I ever done, and then I go back to my cab.

Mr. HUBERT. Now, if you were sitting in your cab, the back of your head would be toward the city hall, would it not?

Mr. TASKER. No.

Mr. HUBERT. No?

Mr. TASKER. It would be--I was looking straight at the city hall.

Mr. HUBERT. Well, when you say you were parked at a 90° angle----

Mr. TASKER. About a 45° angle.

Mr. HUBERT. A 45° angle, you were parked with the back of your cab near the curb or the front of your cab near the curb?

Mr. TASKER. The back of my cab was to the east. The front of my cab was to the west.

Mr. HUBERT. The back of your cab was toward the curbing on Main Street opposite from the police department?

Mr. TASKER. That’s right.

Mr. HUBERT. So, in effect, you were on a 45° angle but looking at the Main Street entrance all the time?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Even when seated in the car, is that correct?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, yes.

Mr. HUBERT. How long were you there before the shooting took place?

Mr. TASKER. I don’t know, sir; how long I was there. I can’t recall just how long.

Mr. HUBERT. Well, do you think it was as long as half an hour?

Mr. TASKER. Well, I imagine I was there longer than that--maybe an hour or so.

Mr. HUBERT. Did you ever leave at all?

Mr. TASKER. No; you see, when you’ve got a customer, you don’t leave your cab.

Mr. HUBERT. Where were you expecting your customer to come from?

Mr. TASKER. He was supposed to come back out the door.

Mr. HUBERT. The Main Street entrance?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. In other words, you were looking for him to come out of the Main Street entrance of the jail?

Mr. TASKER. That’s right, of the basement.

Mr. HUBERT. Of the basement--yes. Did you see a policeman standing in that entrance?

Mr. TASKER. Yes; there was a policeman.

Mr. HUBERT. Do you know his name?

Mr. TASKER. No; I don’t.

Mr. HUBERT. Was he in uniform?

Mr. TASKER. Yes; I believe he was--yes, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. Where was he standing?

Mr. TASKER. Well, he was standing about the middle of the opening of the door.

Mr. HUBERT. Did he stand back into the ramp or forward?

Mr. TASKER. Oh--no.

Mr. HUBERT. Just in the ramp?

Mr. TASKER. Just beyond the opening.

Mr. HUBERT. Just beyond the opening and was right in the middle of it?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Did he move around?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, yes; he moved around--yes, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. Was there a crowd of people there?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Were there people on both sides of the ramp?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. On the Harwood Street ramp as well as the Pearl Expressway ramp?

Mr. TASKER. Yes, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. How many people do you think there were on either side?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, I’d say there was a hundred.

Mr. HUBERT. You mean a hundred on each side?

Mr. TASKER. No--no.

Mr. HUBERT. About 50--about equally divided?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. How close were they standing to the Main Street entrance?

Mr. TASKER. As far as from here to that wall.

Mr. HUBERT. As far as from here to that wall--that’s about 7 or 8 feet?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Was this policeman having any difficulty with them?

Mr. TASKER. Well, yes, he had a little difficulty now and then. Somebody would try to slip by him and he would hail them and bring them back out.

Mr. HUBERT. Did that happen once or more than once?

Mr. TASKER. It happened a few times--I’ve just forgotten just how many.

Mr. HUBERT. Did he grab them?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, yes; he just went and got them and brought them back out. He didn’t mistreat them or anything like that.

Mr. HUBERT. How would they slip by?

Mr. TASKER. Well, he was probably looking at something on this side and somebody didn’t know he was on guard there and walked down there.

Mr. HUBERT. Now, just about a minute or so before the shooting, did you see a car come out of that ramp, come out of the Main Street ramp, out of that ramp, with policemen in it?

Mr. TASKER. There was a car went in, wasn’t it?

Mr. HUBERT. You saw a car go in?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. How long before the shooting did that car go in?

Mr. TASKER. I really don’t know. It wasn’t too awful long.

Mr. HUBERT. Well, how long?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, probably 15 or 20 minutes, we’ll say.

Mr. HUBERT. Before the shooting?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. What kind of car was it?

Mr. TASKER. It was one of the police squad cars.

Mr. HUBERT. It had policemen in it?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, yes.

Mr. HUBERT. How many, do you remember?

Mr. TASKER. Well, there was three people--three was two policemen and a gentleman in there in civilian clothes.

Mr. HUBERT. And they drove down into the basement?

Mr. TASKER. Down into the ramp--they drove down the ramp.

Mr. HUBERT. Which way did they come from, do you know?

Mr. TASKER. Well, they came from----

Mr. HUBERT. The Harwood Street direction?

Mr. TASKER. I believe they came off of Harwood and made a left turn there on Main Street and went on down in the ramp.

Mr. HUBERT. Did you see any other cars go down there?

Mr. TASKER. No.

Mr. HUBERT. Only one?

Mr. TASKER. That’s all I remember.

Mr. HUBERT. Did you see any car come out?

Mr. TASKER. Well, I seen some cars come out after the shooting.

Mr. HUBERT. No; I mean before the shooting?

Mr. TASKER. No--I don’t remember that.

Mr. HUBERT. You don’t remember any at all?

Mr. TASKER. I don’t remember whether any of them come out or not. It seemed to me like that the policeman was having a problem more so with people coming down on Sunday morning to get their friends and relatives and things like that out of jail after a Saturday night drunk.

Mr. HUBERT. In other words, the people that wanted to get in there, you thought had a legitimate reason for going in there?

Mr. TASKER. Yes, but they couldn’t come in that door.

Mr. HUBERT. How were you able to tell that, could you hear conversations?

Mr. TASKER. No, but that’s the general thing down there on Sunday morning.

Mr. HUBERT. Did you ever go on the other side of Main Street from where your car was parked?

Mr. TASKER. No.

Mr. HUBERT. You always stayed on your own side?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Do you know a man by the name of Nathaniel Daniels?

Mr. TASKER. I don’t believe I do.

Mr. HUBERT. Did you know Jack Ruby at all?

Mr. TASKER. No--no, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. You’ve seen his pictures, of course, since?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, I’ve seen his pictures.

Mr. HUBERT. Did you see him around in that crowd that morning?

Mr. TASKER. No, sir; I never have remembered seeing that man coming up, walking, riding, or anything else.

Mr. HUBERT. You didn’t see him coming up Main Street from the Western Union office?

Mr. TASKER. No.

Mr. HUBERT. You didn’t see him walking along Main Street?

Mr. TASKER. No, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. Did you see Vaughan come out in the street at anytime to control traffic so the police car could get by?

Mr. TASKER. I believe, sir; he did. I’m not for sure, but I believe one of them come out there to control traffic, and I suppose it was him.

Mr. HUBERT. When did he have occasion to do that?

Mr. TASKER. Well, it was--I think he came out to hold the traffic up so this car could get out.

Mr. HUBERT. Which car was that?

Mr. TASKER. The one coming out of the basement.

Mr. HUBERT. And how long before the shooting was that?

Mr. TASKER. Well, I don’t remember whether that was before that shooting or after.

Mr. HUBERT. You don’t remember whether it was before or after?

Mr. TASKER. I don’t remember that, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. But you do remember that on one occasion at least, that you saw him come out to direct traffic so that this automobile could come out?

Mr. TASKER. That’s right.

Mr. HUBERT. And you remember only one automobile?

Mr. TASKER. Well, it might have been more, but I don’t remember but one.

Mr. HUBERT. Your impression is that what you saw was after the shooting rather than before?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Do you have any reason for forming that opinion?

Mr. TASKER. No--I’ve been very--I’ve always thought the case--I’ve never talked about the case to anybody, you see, because in the first place, I would implicate myself in something I don’t want to be implicated in. I have no part of it and----

Mr. HUBERT. Were you ever interviewed by the FBI?

Mr. TASKER. Sir?

Mr. HUBERT. Were you ever interviewed by the FBI?

Mr. TASKER. Yes, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. Let me ask you again--did any cars go down in there, say within 5 or 10 minutes before the shooting--go down in there? You said you saw one?

Mr. TASKER. Well, now, sir; it seemed like it probably would have been more than one and it might have been two, but just to remember back that far, I don’t remember too much about it no more.

Mr. HUBERT. In other words, as I understand it, you would say that there was at least one and possibly two cars that went down in the basement?

Mr. TASKER. Yes, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. Now, I’d like, if you could, to fix the time of at least the one and possibly the other?

Mr. TASKER. Well, let me think about it this way--what time in the morning was it he was shot down there? Wasn’t it between 10 and 11 o’clock?

Mr. HUBERT. Suppose you figure it was about 11:20?

Mr. TASKER. He got shot around 11:20?

Mr. HUBERT. Yes.

Mr. TASKER. Well----

Mr. HUBERT. I don’t know if you can do it by clock time, unless you were watching your watch. You’d have to do it by how much time passed between the time the car went down in and/or came out and the time of the shooting?

Mr. TASKER. Well, sir; it seemed to me like that those cars probably went down there around 20 to 30 minutes ahead of that shooting.

Mr. HUBERT. It’s your impression that there was none that went down in there 5 or 10 minutes before the shooting?

Mr. TASKER. No.

Mr. HUBERT. And with reference to the one that came out, you don’t know how to fix that at all?

Mr. TASKER. I believe that one came out after the shooting.

Mr. HUBERT. Was that the time that Vaughan stepped out in the street--you think that was after the shooting?

Mr. TASKER. Yeah.

Mr. HUBERT. How did the shooting come to your attention?

Mr. TASKER. I heard it--I heard the fire--I heard the shot.

Mr. HUBERT. And it was after you heard the shot that you saw Vaughan come out and that car come in there?

Mr. TASKER. There was cars come out of there--maybe several cars, but I know of two that come out of there at least.

Mr. HUBERT. After the shooting?

Mr. TASKER. After the shooting.

Mr. HUBERT. Now, put your mind to this--you remember the shooting because your memory still retains the sound of that shot?

Mr. TASKER. Yes; I heard the shot.

Mr. HUBERT. Now, about a minute or so before that, did a car come out of that place?

Mr. TASKER. I believe it did, sir; and I won’t swear it to be the truth, but I believe it did, because that policeman had gotten away from that opening for some reason, and he was sort of crouched down so he could see under the curvature of the basement, you know? You know what I’m trying to explain to you? He couldn’t stand up straight and see into the basement--you have to crouch down to see what those people were doing down there--he crouched down and pulled his pistol, when he heard that fire.

Mr. HUBERT. No; I was thinking about that automobile coming out of there just before?

Mr. TASKER. Well, I believe that’s where that automobile come up there because they got him away from that door, you see.

Mr. HUBERT. You mean--before the shot?

Mr. TASKER. Well, he got away from that door for some reason--just before that happened.

Mr. HUBERT. Just before the shot?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Did you see him get away from the door?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, he was just there keeping people back.

Mr. HUBERT. Well, isn’t it a fact that the car passed by and he had to get out of the way of the car so it could pass, isn’t that it, and that he stepped out and perhaps went at least to the curb and perhaps into the street to look for traffic?

Mr. TASKER. Yes; that’s possible.

Mr. HUBERT. But you have no recollection of it?

Mr. TASKER. No--I don’t know this, but I believe that at the time that that was all screwed up and the crowd was kind of leaving, they sent him some help out there--a plainclothes policeman.

Mr. HUBERT. That was after the shooting too, wasn’t it?

Mr. TASKER. Well, that was a few minutes before the shooting too.

Mr. HUBERT. Why did you think that the man they sent to help him, who was in plainclothes, was a policeman?

Mr. TASKER. Because I know him when I see him.

Mr. HUBERT. What’s his name?

Mr. TASKER. I don’t know what his name is, sir. I know he’s a policeman.

Mr. HUBERT. Was he a white man or Negro?

Mr. TASKER. Yes. When you drive a cab for 2 years and I’ve been in this town since 1923, you learn the policemen.

Mr. HUBERT. It was your impression that there was a policeman in plainclothes was sent or who came to stand with the man--the policeman in uniform?

Mr. TASKER. Well--and to assist him with that traffic and that crowd, and when the shooting happened, then they called in additional squad cars to come there and help too.

Mr. HUBERT. That plainclothes policeman was there with the uniformed policeman helping him for how long before the shooting?

Mr. TASKER. For probably 15 or 10 or 20 minutes--something like that.

Mr. HUBERT. You don’t know his name at all?

Mr. TASKER. No--I don’t even know the policeman’s name on that door that day. I’d know him if I seen him.

Mr. HUBERT. You think you would know the plainclothes policeman if you saw him?

Mr. TASKER. Well, that, I couldn’t say.

Mr. HUBERT. Could you describe him a little bit?

Mr. TASKER. Well, he was a man that weighed about 175 pounds.

Mr. HUBERT. A young man, middle-aged man?

Mr. TASKER. Well, he wasn’t particularly a young man. He was a man between 40 or 45 years old.

Mr. HUBERT. How was he dressed?

Mr. TASKER. Well, the best I can remember, I believe he was in a dark suit.

Mr. HUBERT. Did he have a hat on?

Mr. TASKER. I don’t believe he did.

Mr. HUBERT. What was he doing to assist the uniformed policeman?

Mr. TASKER. Just keeping the crowd back so that they could get the traffic in.

Mr. HUBERT. In any case, he came to your attention and you recognized him as a man you knew to be a policeman?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Do you remember where you met him or saw him?

Mr. TASKER. No--just around.

Mr. HUBERT. Was he a detective, you think?

Mr. TASKER. He was a detective.

Mr. HUBERT. You knew him as a detective?

Mr. TASKER. Oh--yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Do you remember what part of the department he was in--the vice squad?

Mr. TASKER. No; I don’t. You see, you meet them, sir, driving a cab. They try to pull stunts on cabdrivers, and that’s where you learn them.

Mr. HUBERT. Probably the vice squad then?

Mr. TASKER. You know--they try--I don’t want this in the words here----

Mr. HUBERT. Well, that’s all right. You actually work for the City Transportation Co., don’t you?

Mr. TASKER. That’s right.

Mr. HUBERT. And their offices are located at 610 South Akard Street?

Mr. TASKER. Yes, sir--South Akard.

Mr. HUBERT. Do you own your cab?

Mr. TASKER. No; they own it.

Mr. HUBERT. You had never met Ruby before?

Mr. TASKER. No--no, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. You never brought any customers to his Carousel Club?

Mr. TASKER. No--in fact, I didn’t know he had a place down there. I might have took someone some time down there.

Mr. HUBERT. How long after the shooting did your reporter come back?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, it was probably 20 or 30 minutes and he come and told me he wouldn’t need me no more.

Mr. HUBERT. He paid you and you just went off?

Mr. TASKER. Well, he had already paid me. He had given me the money--he had already given me $10 and he give me a couple more dollars more.

Mr. HUBERT. Were you ever interviewed by the Dallas Police Department?

Mr. TASKER. No, sir.

Mr. HUBERT. Just the FBI?

Mr. TASKER. Just the FBI and they got my name through this reporter.

Mr. HUBERT. The reporter told them about you?

Mr. TASKER. You know, that he had hired a cab.

Mr. HUBERT. He knew your name?

Mr. TASKER. He knew my number.

Mr. HUBERT. When were you interviewed by the FBI?

Mr. TASKER. Oh, I was interviewed, I think, two or three times--the best I can remember--probably--I know twice, it might have been three, but I believe it was just twice.

Mr. HUBERT. It was all right after the shooting?

Mr. TASKER. Once was right after and then there was a little time lapsed.

Mr. HUBERT. Where were you interviewed--in the FBI office?

Mr. TASKER. No; down at the office of the company.

Mr. HUBERT. There was no one else with you that day?

Mr. TASKER. Oh--no--you mean when they interviewed me?

Mr. HUBERT. No; I mean on Sunday the 24th, when you were waiting?

Mr. TASKER. No--no--you mean with me?

Mr. HUBERT. Yes?

Mr. TASKER. Oh--no.

Mr. HUBERT. Do you know anybody else who was around then?

Mr. TASKER. No; I don’t.

Mr. HUBERT. You can’t recollect any person that you now know who was there?

Mr. TASKER. No; I don’t remember seeing anybody I knew--you know--personally.

Mr. HUBERT. Except the plainclothes policeman?

Mr. TASKER. I didn’t know them personally.

Mr. HUBERT. No; but you just knew he was a policeman?

Mr. TASKER. Yes; that’s right. I’ve never been arrested in my life, sir, or anything, or any kind of prosecution and so I don’t say I know any policeman because I don’t have no problems for them to solve.

Mr. HUBERT. All right, sir. I think that’s all. Let me ask you this final question--is it not a fact that there has been no conversation between you and me except that which has gone in the record?

Mr. TASKER. Yes.

Mr. HUBERT. Thank you, Mr. Tasker. I appreciate your coming down, sir.

Mr. TASKER. Well, it was an awful thing for that to come to Dallas--I’ll tell you that, and I was glad they didn’t get me down there on that jury.

Mr. HUBERT. All right, sir. Thank you very much indeed. That’s all.

Mr. TASKER. All right. I’m glad I met you.

Mr. HUBERT. I’m glad I met you, sir.

Mr. TASKER. Thank you.

TESTIMONY OF LYNDAL L. SHANEYFELT

The testimony of Lyndal L. Shaneyfelt was taken at 10:45 a.m., on September 1, 1964, at 200 Maryland Avenue NE., Washington, D.C., by Mr. Norman Redlich, assistant counsel of the President’s Commission.

Mr. REDLICH. The purpose of today’s deposition is to take the testimony of Lyndal L. Shaneyfelt, special agent with the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Mr. Shaneyfelt, you have previously testified in connection with the Commission proceedings on April 23, 1964, and June 12, 1964, is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. You still consider yourself under oath?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I do.

Mr. REDLICH. You also appeared on one other occasion; is that correct, Mr. Shaneyfelt?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. And that was the date when you testified in connection with the reenactment that was conducted in Dallas?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. During your previous testimony, Mr. Shaneyfelt, you testified concerning the retouching which, according to your testimony, had been performed on the photograph which has heretofore been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 133-A; is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.

(Shaneyfelt Exhibits Nos. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 were so marked and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. I hand you now an exchange of correspondence between the Commission and Life magazine, which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibits Nos. 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, together with a photograph furnished to the Commission by Life magazine which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13, and I asked you to review this correspondence.

For the record, Mr. Shaneyfelt, have you read this correspondence?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I have.

Mr. REDLICH. This correspondence will show that the Commission advised Life magazine of your prior testimony, and requested of Life magazine the original photograph upon which the retouching was performed. Does Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13 purport to be that original photograph, Mr. Shaneyfelt?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; it does.

Mr. REDLICH. And Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13 was forwarded to you by the Commission for examination; was it not?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. The Commission asked you to examine that photograph in order to describe in greater detail the actual retouching which was performed on that photograph preparatory to publication; is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is right.

(Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14 was marked and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. I now hand you another exhibit which is designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14, and ask you to describe how it was made, and what it purports to demonstrate?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14 is a chart that I prepared to illustrate the retouching that I found in my examination of the Life magazine photograph which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13. This chart consists of three different photographs. Photograph A is a normal print of Commission Exhibit No. 133-A. Photographs B and C are photographs of the Life magazine picture, which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13, made using special lighting technique in order to portray the retouching that has been added to the Life magazine photograph, Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13.

Mr. REDLICH. On each of these three photographs there appear a series of numbers starting with No. 1, and running consecutively through No. 11; is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. Can you describe the significance of these numbers?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. The numbers with red arrows were placed on the photographs to point to specific areas of retouching, and relate them to these same areas of the photograph which is Commission Exhibit No. 133-A.

Mr. REDLICH. And as I understand it, using No. 1 as an example, the arrow next to No. 1 in photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14, points to the stock of the rifle as it appeared in the picture which has heretofore been designated as Exhibit No. 133-A.

The arrow next to No. 1 in photograph B of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14 points to the same spot on the stock of the rifle and points to a specific indication of retouching which you will subsequently describe?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. And the arrow next to No. 1 in photograph No. C of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14 points to the same spot on the rifle; namely, the stock, and is placed here in order to indicate in more specific detail the type and manner of retouching which was done at this particular location?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. Starting with No. 1 and going through No. 11, would you describe the points on the picture and the type of retouching which was performed?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes. Point No. 1 on all photographs, A, B, and C, points to the stock of the rifle, particularly the top area of the stock running from the butt of the rifle to the breech.

On photograph A this No. 1 area is rather indistinct but shows that the rifle stock runs in a straight line from the butt up about two-thirds of the way to the breech, where it curves down around a highlight that is clearly visible on photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14. It curves around that highlight and then recurves up to the breech.

In this same general area of No. 1 of photograph B, there is a dark area which is an area of retouching that is on the photograph which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13, that runs from the butt of the rifle all the way to the breech without any curve or recurve around the highlight.

The highlight is still present on this photograph. However, the retouching line runs straight past and is a straight line of retouching and does not follow the actual configuration of the rifle stock in that area.

Mr. REDLICH. Just so the record is completely clear on this, Mr. Shaneyfelt, the retouching marks which appear in pictures B and C of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14, are the retouching marks which appear on the photograph furnished to the Commission by Life magazine and which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct. The retouching does not appear as prominent in the Life magazine photograph, which is Commission Exhibit No. 13, as it does in the photographs B and C of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14, because photographs B and C were made with special lighting to bring out this retouching, but they are nevertheless, the points of retouching are nevertheless, there on the Life magazine photograph.

Mr. REDLICH. And photographs B and C of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14 were actually made from the photograph which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. Will you continue?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Photograph C of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14 shows at point 1, which is the area of the upper edge of the stock of the rifle, this straight line retouching going directly from the butt to the breech without a recurve, and not in conformity with the actual contour of the stock of the rifle in that area.

Points No. 2 in all photographs A, B, and C, point to the telescopic sight of the rifle. In photograph B retouching is shown around this point No. 2 where retouching has been added to enhance the detail around the rifle scope. This is also shown clearly as retouching at point 2 in photograph C.

Point No. 3 in photographs A, B, and C, in Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14, refers to the area along the top of the rifle beyond the breech just above Oswald’s left hand. There is a retouching line that runs from Oswald’s hand to the point where the gun protrudes past his shoulder. This is clear in photographs B and C at point No. 3.

Photograph A at point 3 shows how the photograph appears in that area on Commission Exhibit No. 133-A.

Point No. 4 refers to the retouching along the lower edge of the right arm of Oswald, and that area No. 4 of photographs B and C clearly show this retouching along the edge of the elbow and a large spot just below the elbow where a shadow between two fence posts has been removed in order to show the contour of the elbow in better detail.

Point No. 5 refers to the shoulder area of the photographs A, B, and C in Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14. The photograph A, point 5, shows the shoulder as it is in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A, and point 5 in photographs B and C shows the retouching along Oswald’s right shoulder.

Point No. 6 in photographs A, B, and C refers to the right side of Oswald’s neck and chin area, and point 6 in photographs B and C clearly shows the retouching along the right side of Oswald’s neck, and around his chin and some slight retouching into, slightly into, his cheeks.

Point No. 7 in photographs A, B, and C, shows the area of the left side of Oswald’s head where retouching has been added to the Life magazine photograph, Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13

Mr. REDLICH. May I interrupt you there? You said where retouching has been added to the Life photograph. Did you mean that or did you mean that the Life photograph as published contained this retouching?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. I mean that the Life photograph as published contains the retouching. That the retouching has been added prior to publication.

Point No. 7 refers to the retouching along the left side of Oswald’s head in the hair area, and is clearly visible as retouching in the photographs B and C at point No. 7.

Point No. 8 refers to an area of background to the right of Oswald’s head, to the left of his head as the viewer looks at the picture. This is an area, that has been airbrushed in order to lighten the background so that the detail of the photograph in that area will be better.

Point No. 9 in photographs A, B, and C of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14, shows an area directly below the rifle butt to the side of Oswald’s right thigh where retouching has been added to decrease the darkness of the shadow between two fence posts in that area.

This is evident in area 9 of photographs B and C. It is more clearly shown in 9-C.

Point No. 10 in the three photographs on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 14 shows the retouching between the thighs of Oswald. Photograph A shows quite a dark area between the thighs, and this has been eliminated by retouching as shown in 10-B and 10-C, and the retouching clearly shows in 10-C.

Likewise, there is a dark shadow along the side of Oswald’s left knee that has been eliminated by retouching or softened by retouching, and this retouching shows in Exhibits B and C at point 11.

This represents the primary or outstanding areas of retouching that I found from an examination of the Life magazine photograph, which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13.

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Shaneyfelt, when you discussed this photograph in your prior testimony, you expressed your opinion to the effect that the retouching which was done preparatory to the publication of the photograph on the cover of Life magazine was normal and customary. On the basis of your detailed examination of the retouching made from the photograph as submitted to the Commission by Life magazine, would you now care to state your opinion as to whether this is customary and normal retouching in connection with the publication of a photograph?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes. It is my opinion, based on my examination of the photograph, Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 13, that all of the retouching that I found on this photograph I would consider to be normal, routine retouching that is a normal part of the reproduction process.

Mr. REDLICH. In your prior testimony, you stated that on the basis of your examination of the photograph which had been published in Life magazine, it was your opinion that this photograph published in Life magazine was the same photograph which has heretofore been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 133-A, with the retouching that you have described.

Now, today, on the basis of your detailed examination of this retouching, is it still your opinion that the photograph which appeared on the cover of Life magazine is a retouched photograph of the photograph which has heretofore been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 133-A?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.

(Shaneyfelt Exhibits Nos. 15 and 16 were marked and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Shaneyfelt, I now hand you an exchange of correspondence between the Commission and Newsweek, Inc., the publishers of Newsweek magazine, which is marked Shaneyfelt Exhibits Nos. 15 and 16, and ask you if you have had an opportunity to review this exchange of correspondence?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I have.

Mr. REDLICH. The record will show that in prior testimony appearing on page 414 of volume 7 of the hearings of the Commission, you testified concerning the retouching which had been performed on this photograph prior to its publication in Newsweek magazine.

I may add that during the course of that prior testimony the page from Newsweek containing a reproduction of that photograph was introduced into evidence as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 5.

Having reviewed the correspondence between the Commission and Newsweek, Inc., I ask you whether you have anything to add to or any testimony which you would like to correct having compared the Newsweek correspondence and your prior testimony?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; I have nothing to add or nothing to correct. I find the correspondence from Newsweek to be consistent with my prior testimony.

(Shaneyfelt Exhibits Nos. 17, 18, and 19 were marked and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Shaneyfelt, I now hand you a letter from the New York Times addressed to Mr. J. Lee Rankin, which has been marked as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 17, and also hand you a photograph furnished by the New York Times which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 18, and some printed material designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 19, also furnished by the New York Times, which is a caption and other descriptive material concerning this photograph as used by the New York Times when the photograph was published.

I also wish to point out for the record that the reproduction of the New York Times photograph has previously been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 6 and was discussed by you on pages 416 and 417 of volume 7 of the hearings of this Commission.

Have you had an opportunity to review this letter from the New York Times to Mr. Rankin?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I have.

Mr. REDLICH. Do you find that the letter from the New York Times is consistent with the testimony you have previously given concerning the retouching which was performed by the New York Times preparatory to the publication of this photograph?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I do.

Mr. REDLICH. Is there anything that you would like to add to or correct in your previous testimony in connection with this photograph?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; I have nothing to add or correct. I find the correspondence and photograph to be entirely consistent with my previous testimony.

Mr. REDLICH. And through all of your examination of the retouching that was performed on the photograph which has been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 133-A, you are still of the opinion that all of the pictures which have been published and which you have identified, were copies of Commission Exhibit No. 133-A, with the retouching performed as you have heretofore described?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Shaneyfelt, the record of the testimony before this Commission will show that in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A Lee Harvey Oswald appears to be holding two newspapers.

The Commission asked the FBI, did it not, to examine Commission Exhibit No. 133-A in order to determine the exact issues of the publications which appear in the right hand of Lee Harvey Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A, is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is right.

Mr. REDLICH. Did you perform the examination of Commission Exhibit No. 133-A in connection with this request of the Commission?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I did.

(Exhibits 20, 21 and 22 were marked and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. At this time, I would like to introduce into the record a copy of the Militant, which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 20, and a copy of the Worker, which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 21, a copy of a letter dated June 29, 1964 from J. Edgar Hoover, Director of the FBI, to Mr. J. Lee Rankin, which is a discussion of the results of your investigation in connection with these two publications; and Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22.

I ask you to describe at this time by making reference to the exhibits which I have heretofore designated, the results of your investigation concerning the question of the specific issues of the two publications held by Lee Harvey Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22 is a chart that I made better to illustrate the results of my examination, and it consists of three photographs, lettered A, B, and C. The center photograph, being photograph A, is an enlargement of the newspapers being held by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A. By an examination of this enlarged photograph, I find it is possible to see the headlines and certain portions of the two papers being held, one of them being the Militant, and one of them the Worker.

I obtained copies of both of these papers for an extended period of time, and went through them and found that the Militant for Monday, March 11, 1963, which is volume 27, No. 10, and has been marked as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 20, conforms to the copy of the Militant being held by Oswald in picture A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22.

Picture C of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22 is a photograph of the headlines of that issue of that paper. In examining this material I found that the Militant portion, printed on the upper right hand portion of the page, is in the same location as in the photograph A of Oswald holding the papers, as it is in the copy of the Militant which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 20.

In addition, the general configuration of the headlines in the center column which read “Miss.,” abbreviation for Mississippi, “Racists Shoot Down a Rights Worker,” those headlines are not readable in the photograph of the newspaper being held by Oswald, but the general configuration of the type is the same.

There is a photograph of Bertram Powers reproduced in the second column near the top of the Militant for Monday, March 11, 1963, which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 20. The top of this photograph is visible in the same location and has the same characteristics in the newspaper being held by Oswald in photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22.

Mr. REDLICH. Before passing to the other publication, did you find that in your examination of the prior issues of the Militant, that there was considerable variation in the typography of the publication?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I found the name block for the Militant did not always appear in the upper right-hand corner. It was sometimes in the left. Sometimes the headlines ran across the top of the name block and there was great variety in the typography of the headlines of the papers.

Mr. REDLICH. Do you recall the period of time of the issues that you examined?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Approximately 1 year.

Mr. REDLICH. One year prior to what date?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Prior to November.

Mr. REDLICH. Would you say it was a period----

Mr. SHANEYFELT. End of November.

Mr. REDLICH. Approximately November 1962 to November 1963?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; through November 1963.

Mr. REDLICH. And it is your opinion that based upon an examination of those issues and these photographs that the issue which appears in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A is the issue of March 11, 1963?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

In the examination of the other newspaper held by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A, I reviewed issues of the Worker for approximately 1 year from November issues of 1962 through all of the November issues for 1963, and found that the March 24, 1963, issue of the Worker, which is volume 28, No. 124, matches the newspaper being held by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A.

Again, the enlarged photograph of this newspaper in photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22, shows some of the type of the headlines and the block of the title “The Worker.”

B photograph of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22 shows this same area of the headline of the March 24, 1963, issue of the Worker. The headline of that newspaper, which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22, is “War Hogs Fight At TFX Plane Profit Trough.”

In the photograph A of Oswald holding the paper on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22, you can clearly see the Worker and you can clearly see the “At TFX” which is a part of the headline, and the bottom of the “W” of the word “War,” and based on these characteristics, it is my opinion that one of the newspapers being held by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 133-A is the March 24, 1963, issue of the Worker which is the same issue as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 21.

Mr. REDLICH. Referring now, Mr. Shaneyfelt, to the letter which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22, this letter indicates the mailing dates and the approximate dates when these publications were received in Dallas.

As I understand it, you did not take part in the investigation which led to that aspect of the letter which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct. That investigation was done by agents in our Dallas and other field offices.

Mr. REDLICH. I would like to read into the record at this time the following paragraph from the letter which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 22:

“It has been determined that the March 24, 1963 issue of ‘The Worker’ was mailed on March 21, 1963 by second class mail. It was also determined that the March 11, 1963 issue of ‘The Militant’ was mailed on March 7, 1963 by second class mail. Representatives of the U.S. Post Office in New York City have advised that the above newspapers transmitted by second class mail would take from six to seven days to arrive in Dallas, Texas, under ordinary delivery conditions.”

The record will show that during the course of her testimony, Mrs. Marina Oswald identified Commission Exhibit No. 2 as a photograph which she believed to have been taken by her husband in connection with his planning for the attack on Maj. Gen. Edwin A. Walker, which occurred on April 10, 1963.

The record will also show that investigation has established that Commission Exhibit No. 2 is a photograph of an alley running behind the house of General Walker through which cars are able to drive into the parking lot of a church adjacent to General Walker’s house.

It has also been established in prior investigation that the driveway running off this alley to the left, as one looks at the photograph, is the driveway of General Walker’s house.

Investigation has also established the approximate date on which this photograph was taken by reference to the construction work being performed on the large building appearing in the background of this photograph.

Mr. Shaneyfelt, the Commission asked the FBI to examine this photograph for the additional purpose of determining, if possible, the camera which was used to take the photograph.

Did you perform this investigation for the FBI?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I did.

(Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23 was marked and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. I introduce into the record at this time an exhibit designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23, consisting of two photographs, and I ask you to describe the photographs and the results of your investigation undertaken pursuant to the Commission’s request.

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23 consists of two photographs, A and B. Photograph A is an enlargement of Commission Exhibit No. 2 which is the photograph of the alley in back of the Walker residence.

Photograph B on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23 is an enlargement of a negative which has previously been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 752 that I personally exposed in the Duo Flex camera obtained from Oswald’s possessions which has previously been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 750.

This examination was based on the shadowgraph of the picture area of the camera exposed on to the negative. This shadowgraph shows the imperfections and nicks, etc., along the edges of the picture area of the camera that are individual and distinctive to that particular camera, and would not be duplicated in any other camera.

Mr. REDLICH. Before you proceed to the specific points of reference, Mr. Shaneyfelt, in your prior testimony you advised the Commission, that Commission Exhibit No. 133-B, which is a photograph of Lee Harvey Oswald holding a rifle, but in a slightly different pose from Commission Exhibit No. 133-A; that Commission Exhibit No. 133-B was taken by the camera which has been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 750.

You made that identification based on an examination of the negative from which Commission Exhibit No. 133-B was produced. At that time you indicated that you could not make such an identification of the source of Commission Exhibit No. 133-A because the negative had not been recovered.

I would like to ask you two questions: First, to the best of your knowledge has there been any recovery made of the negative from which Commission Exhibit No. 133-A was made?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Not to my knowledge.

Mr. REDLICH. The second question is, why are you able to make an identification of the origin of Commission Exhibit No. 2 which is not a negative but a print, whereas you are unable to make an identification of Commission Exhibit No. 133-A which is also a print?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Because the identification of the origin of the photograph or negative is based on the reproduction of the picture area of the camera or the opening in the back of the camera where the negative is exposed.

This appears as a shadowgraph on the negative, and is the basis for the identification. If a print is made from the negative that shows this shadowgraph, then the print can be used as a basis for the identification.

In the case of Commission Exhibit No. 2, which is a print of the alley in the back of the Walker residence, this shadowgraph appears around three of the edges of this photograph and, therefore, it has been used for such a comparison.

Commission Exhibit No. 133-A has been printed with a white border, and the shadowgraph portion of the negative has been blocked out and does not appear on Commission Exhibit No. 133-A. Therefore, it was not possible to associate it with any specific camera.

Mr. REDLICH. Will you proceed now to indicate the points of reference which enabled you to make the identification concerning Commission Exhibit No. 2?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.

In Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23, in photograph B, point No. 1 is near the lower left-hand corner of the picture, and shows a depression in the black edge and a little point sticking out from the black edge into the white area of the picture.

This is caused by an irregularity in the camera area where the film lies across the back portion of the camera. This characteristic, which is No. 1 on photograph B of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23, appears in that same area which has been labeled No. 1 on photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23.

It appears as a shallow depression and a little black point coming into the white area. Farther along the right-hand side of the picture centrally located between the top and the bottom, are points 2 and 3 in photographs A and B on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23. These refer to two small notches in the black area where the white of the picture runs into the black line causing the appearance of two notches, one, the lower one, about twice the width of the upper one. This same characteristic is present in both photographs A and B.

Point No. 4 is an irregularity or a curve in the line on the right edge of the photograph in both A and B of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23.

Point No. 5 is a long shallow depression in the black edge, of the photographs A and B.

This point is located centrally on the right-hand border, and has the same appearance in both of the photographs on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23.

Point No. 6 is a little black point that comes out into the white area of the picture, and this, I found, in the lower right-hand corner of the photograph of the alley in back of the Walker house, which is photograph A on Exhibit No. 23, and is also present as point No. 6 in the photograph that I made from the camera which is photograph B of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 23.

Based on these characteristics, it is my opinion that the photograph, which is Commission Exhibit No. 2, is a print of a negative that was exposed in the Duo Flex camera which is Commission Exhibit No. 750.

Mr. REDLICH. Is the scientific method which you have used to make this identification sufficiently precise so that you are able to state that this negative was exposed in Commission Exhibit No. 750 to the exclusion of all other cameras?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Shaneyfelt, Commission Exhibit No. 150 is a shirt which has been described in testimony as the shirt worn by Lee Harvey Oswald at the time of his arrest on November 22, 1963.

The Commission has forwarded to the FBI two photographs which have been heretofore designated as Gerald L. Hill, Exhibit A, and Gerald L. Hill, Exhibit B, which have been identified by the photographer as having been taken under the marquee of the Texas Theater as Oswald was being removed from the theater on November 22.

Gerald L. Hill Exhibit A has been heretofore identified as having been taken at a point of time very close to the time that Gerald L. Hill Exhibit B was taken.

The Commission also forwarded to the FBI a photograph which has heretofore been designated as Yarborough Exhibit A which appeared in the Saturday Evening Post issue of December 14, 1963, page 26.

For purposes of identification, the photograph appearing in Yarborough Exhibit A has been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 1797, since Yarborough Exhibit A consists of the entire Saturday Evening Post article.

The Commission asked the Bureau to examine the three photographs, Commission Exhibit No. 1797, Gerald L. Hill Exhibit A, Gerald L. Hill Exhibit B, in order to determine whether the shirt worn by Lee Harvey Oswald in these photographs was in fact the same shirt which has heretofore been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 150.

Is that correct, Mr. Shaneyfelt? Did you perform the examination in connection with this request by the Commission?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. In connection with that examination, the FBI furnished to the Commission an additional photograph of Lee Harvey Oswald. Would you please describe that photograph in relation to any of the other photographs that we have furnished to the Bureau?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.

Mr. REDLICH. I would like to add that the photograph which the Bureau furnished to the Commission has been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 1796.

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Commission Exhibit No. 1796 was furnished to the FBI by the photographer who took the picture that has been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 1797. The photographer stated that the photograph, Commission Exhibit No. 1796, was taken seconds before the photograph which is Commission Exhibit No. 1797.

Mr. REDLICH. On the basis of the photographs in your possession, which you examined, would you please describe the nature of your investigation and the conclusions which you reached?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes. I compared the shirt which is Commission Exhibit No. 150 with the shirt being worn by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 1796, and Commission Exhibit No. 1797.

(Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24 was marked and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. And in connection with that comparison, you prepared a chart which you have here today and which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24, is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24 contains four photographs lettered A, B, C, and D.

Photograph A on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24 is an enlargement of the shirt being worn by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 1796.

Photograph B is a photograph of the actual shirt, Commission Exhibit No. 150, being worn by an employee of the FBI laboratory. The photograph was made with the shirt in the same approximate position as the shirt being worn by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 1796.

Photograph C is an enlargement of the shirt being worn by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 1797.

And photograph D is a photograph made in the FBI laboratory of Commission Exhibit No. 150 being worn by a laboratory employee, and the photograph was made to show the shirt in the approximate position and contour of the shirt being worn by Oswald in Commission Exhibit No. 1797.

The comparison of the shirt being worn by Oswald in Commission’s Exhibits Nos. 1796 and 1797, were made with the shirt itself, and it was found that photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24, shows at points that have been designated on this photograph A as 1, 2, 3, and 4, little bits of foreign deposits that are adhering to the shirt. These little specks of foreign material are present on the shirt now, and are shown in the photograph in the same relative positions or locations at points numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4 in photograph B of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24.

In addition, it was found that in photograph A, points 5 and 6, that two of the buttons are missing. The second button down from the collar and the third button down from the collar are missing from the shirt in photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24. These buttons are also missing from the shirt and the torn condition of the area where the button has been pulled away or removed has the same configuration in both photographs A and B at points 5 and 6.

Point 7 indicates that the button on the shirt being worn by Oswald in the photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24, is the same type and color and configuration as the button in the photograph B at point 7.

Points 8 and 9 refer to areas of the shirt in photographs A and B, 8 being at the tip of the collar on the right side of the wearer, and 9 being the corner of the left pocket nearest to the buttons. These two points indicate the similarity in pattern at those specific locations and show that the pattern of the fabric in both shirts at those points is identical. Two shirts cut from the same fabric would not logically have an exact duplication of the pattern at cut or sewn edges of this type.

On photographs C and D on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24 points 10, 11, and 12 again refer to the similarity in pattern along the edges of the shirt and would relate to the manner in which the material was cut from the original fabric.

Point 11, for instance, is two white lines of the same length in both photographs, and in the same location from the edge of the shirt. All of these points are of the same general type to show that the fabric design in a specific area close to an edge is identical.

Points 13 and 14 in photographs C and D of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24 refer again to the torn areas where the buttons have been pulled from the shirt and show that they are similar in all their visible characteristics. Based on these points it is my opinion that the shirt being worn by Oswald in Commission Exhibits Nos. 1796 and 1797, is the same shirt as Commission Exhibit No. 150.

Mr. REDLICH. The record will show that Commission Exhibit No. 150 has a hole approximately 1 inch by 2 inches in the right elbow. Is this hole visible in any of these photographs, Mr. Shaneyfelt?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; it is not.

Mr. REDLICH. Referring to Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24, photograph D, does the right elbow of the shirt in this photograph appear to show a mark which might be a portion of that hole?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; it does.

Mr. REDLICH. In your opinion, is it a portion of that hole?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; it is, because this is a photograph that I made of this shirt and I know it to be the same shirt.

Mr. REDLICH. But why then does it not appear on photograph C which is the photograph of the shirt as it is being worn by Oswald?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. It doesn’t show it in that photograph because the individual standing beside Oswald is blocking off that portion of the elbow and in fact has his thumb over Oswald’s arm, you can see the thumb on the right arm where the officer is holding Oswald’s arm.

Mr. REDLICH. The absence of the hole in the photographs designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 24 A and C and Commission Exhibits Nos. 1796 and 1797, does not in any way effect your identification of the shirt as being the same shirt which is Commission Exhibit No. 150?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; it does not.

Mr. REDLICH. During the course of its investigation, the Commission received a series of slides taken by a Mr. Willis. These slides show various pictures of the motorcade and have, in a deposition of Mr. Willis, been identified by him as having been taken on November 22, 1963. Have you examined these slides, Mr. Shaneyfelt?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I have.

Mr. REDLICH. And of these slides, does any one appear to be a slide taken at the time of the actual shooting?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; in the vicinity of that period of time.

Mr. REDLICH. That slide has been processed by your laboratory and appears, does it not, in an exhibit which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

(Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25 was marked and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. Are you able to identify that slide in terms of the number which it has been given in the Willis sequence of slides?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes. This is the slide that Mr. Willis designated as No. 5.

Mr. REDLICH. The Commission asked you to examine this slide with reference to its background and with reference to other photographs which you have examined of the motorcade at the time of the assassination, in order to determine the relationship of this slide to the shots which were fired at that time. Did you personally conduct this examination?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. In connection with that you prepared the photograph and the diagram which have been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. Are you able to describe for us now the results of your investigation?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes. Photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25 is an enlarged color print made from the No. 5 slide of the Willis slides.

The photograph B is a copy of the plat map of the assassination area which was prepared for the Commission and has previously been designated as Commission Exhibit No. 382.

Point No. 1 in photograph A shows Mr. Zapruder in his position----

Mr. REDLICH. The record will show that the reference to Mr. Zapruder is to Mr. Abraham Zapruder, who is an amateur photographer, who took the photographs which were used as the basis for the reenactment which was performed in Dallas by agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and Secret Service, and attorneys for this Commission; is that correct, Mr. Shaneyfelt?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Point 1 of photograph A shows Mr. Zapruder in his position from which he took his 8-millimeter motion picture film of the assassination. Point 1 in the plat map shows again the point indicating Mr. Zapruder’s position as related to other portions of the area.

Point No. 2 is the President riding in the Presidential limousine, which is on photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25.

Point No. 3 is the Stemmons Freeway sign that is on the north side of Elm Street in the general area of the assassination. This is also designated as point 3 on the map which is photograph B of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25.

In order to relate the photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25 to the specific frames in the Zapruder motion picture film, I first determined from correspondence, that Mr. Willis was standing along the south curb of Elm Street, approximately opposite the Texas School Book Depository Building.

By looking at the photograph A, I find that from the camera angle of Mr. Willis a line drawn from Mr. Willis to Mr. Zapruder would go just to the right of the Stemmons Freeway sign which is point 3 in photograph A.

I drew a line from Mr. Zapruder’s position with lavendar pencil just past the freeway sign which is position 3 on photograph B over to the general area of the side of Elm Street where Mr. Willis is reported to have taken his pictures.

Mr. REDLICH. And that line appears as the top line in Chart B of the Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25; does it not?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct. I then noted in the photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25, that a line from the eye of the cameraman, to the President, would pass the Stemmons Freeway sign somewhat farther away from the sign than the line to Mr. Zapruder, approximately three to four times greater distance.

I drew a line from an area about that far from the sign to the area where Mr. Willis was reported to be standing and find that that line passes through a point designated on the map as frame 210 which relates to the frame No. 210 of the Zapruder assassination films.

I then drew a green line from Mr. Zapruder’s position to President Kennedy, at frame 210, and find that that green line passes directly through the Stemmons Freeway sign which is position 3 in photographs A and B on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25.

Based on this, it is my opinion that photograph A of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25 was taken in the vicinity of the time that frame 210 of the Zapruder picture was taken. This is not an accurate determination because the exact location of Mr. Willis is unknown. This would allow for some variation, but the time of the photograph A, as related to the Zapruder picture, would be generally during the period that the President was behind the signboard in the Zapruder films, which covers a range from around frame 205 to frame 225.

Mr. REDLICH. The record will show that prior investigation has revealed that President Kennedy emerges from the sign at frame 225, and that he starts going behind the sign at approximately frame 205.

Prior investigation has also revealed that when viewed from the southeast corner window of the sixth floor, the President emerges from the oak tree at approximately frame 210.

Mr. Willis has stated, Mr. Shaneyfelt, that he took this photograph almost at the instant that the President was hit by a shot which sounded to Mr. Willis as if it was the first shot that he heard.

On the basis of your examination of the Zapruder films, and your examination of the Willis photograph, would it be a correct statement that this photograph, the one appearing in Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 25, was taken at approximately the same time as the shot which struck President Kennedy at the rear of the base of the neck?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; that would be a correct statement, to the best of our knowledge at this time.

Mr. REDLICH. Returning for just a moment to Mr. Willis’ location, would it not have been possible for you to fix his exact location by reference to two different fixed points in the background at different points in this picture?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; it would be possible having Mr. Willis’ camera, to fix his location with some degree of accuracy by using it at the specific location in Dallas, and relating various objects in the photograph to their location as they appear in photograph A of Exhibit No. 25.

Mr. REDLICH. You are reasonably satisfied, however, that the technique that you have used to fix his location is a reasonably accurate one upon which you can base the conclusions which you have stated today?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes, yes. I feel that the exact establishing of the position of Mr. Willis would not add a great deal of additional accuracy to my present conclusions.

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Shaneyfelt, during the course of the Commission’s investigation we have had occasion to request the Bureau to investigate whether any bullets or fragments of bullets struck any of the street or curbing or other area around Dealey Plaza.

In connection with this investigation, the Commission asked the Bureau to investigate a photograph taken by Mr. James Underwood, a newsman for KRLD-TV in Dallas, and a photograph taken by Mr. Tom Dillard, a photographer for the Dallas Morning News. In connection with this request the Commission received a communication from the FBI dated July 17, 1964, which is now designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 26.

(The document referred to was marked Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 26 and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. Would you briefly summarize the results of that investigation as of that time, Mr. Shaneyfelt?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes. The Commission requested that we conduct an investigation relative to reports that there was a mark or a nick on the south curb of Main Street in the assassination area, and that we attempt to locate it and make whatever tests could be made to determine whether or not a bullet could have struck the curb at that point. The investigation was initiated by requesting our Dallas office to contact the photographers, James Underwood of KRLD-TV in Dallas, and Mr. Tom Dillard, a photographer for the Dallas Morning News, and to use the photographs previously made by these two photographers to attempt to locate this mark or nick on the curb on the south side of Main Street. Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 26 is a report of the results of that initial search which resulted in failure to find the exact location of this mark or nick on the curb along the south side of Main Street at the assassination site.

Mr. REDLICH. Following this letter, you yourself went down to Dallas in order to pursue this matter further, is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

(The document referred to was marked Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 27 and introduced.)

Mr. REDLICH. I introduce into the record at this time Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 27, which is a letter from Director Hoover to Mr. Rankin summarizing the results of this investigation.

Mr. REDLICH. I also introduce into the record Shaneyfelt Exhibits Nos. 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33.

With reference to these exhibits, Mr. Shaneyfelt, I ask you to summarize at this time the results of your investigation into the existence of a mark on the curb, and if such a mark was found to exist, its location with reference to other photographs of which you have knowledge.

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.

Using photographs made by Mr. Underwood and Mr. Dillard in November 1963, either the 22d or 23d, of this mark on the curb, I went to Dallas and was successful in locating a mark. Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 29 contains the photographs used to locate the mark on the curbing on the south side of Main Street at the assassination site.

Photograph No. 1 of this exhibit is the photograph of the mark made by Mr. Underwood, the red arrow indicating the mark on the curb.

Photograph No. 2 is the photograph made by Mr. Dillard of the mark on the curb, and the red arrow again designates the mark.

Photograph No. 3 of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 29 is a photograph that was made by Mr. Underwood by placing his camera on the mark and pointing it toward the Texas School Book Depository Building, and he stated he did this so that the resulting photograph could be used to relocate this mark on the curb should it ever be necessary.

Mr. REDLICH. I gather that without that photograph taken by Mr. Underwood it would have been extremely difficult, if not impossible, to have located this mark, is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. It would have been more difficult. Mr. Dillard’s photograph actually contained some background that was of value, and we would have found it without this, but this made it much easier. Photograph No. 3, which was made by Mr. Underwood, allowed us to go immediately within a foot to a foot and a half of, the actual mark.

Mr. REDLICH. Continue.

Mr. SHANEYFELT. The photograph which has been marked as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 28, is the photograph that I made after having located the mark, this in effect duplicates the photograph made by Mr. Underwood, which is photograph 3 of Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 29 and, as can readily be seen in comparing these two photographs, the relationship of the lightpole to the buildings on either side of it on the right side of the photograph, the relationship of the sign to the concrete abutment in the back of it to the right edge of it, the relationship of the lightposts between the cameraman and the Texas School Book Depository building, and their relationship to the building in back of them, show that they are entirely consistent, and that the mark that was located is, in fact, the mark that was photographed by Mr. Underwood and Mr. Dillard.

Photograph No. 30, or Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 30, is a photograph approximately duplicating the photograph made by Mr. Dillard which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 29, Photograph No. 2. I, with a pencil, made a circle around the mark on the curb, and this pencil mark shows in Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 30.

Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 31 is a photograph taken from in front of the school book depository building looking down toward the Triple Underpass, showing in the center area of the picture two men in white shirts standing along the south curb of Main Street at the point where the mark on the curb was found.

Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 32 is a photograph made from under the Triple Underpass looking past the point where the mark on the curb was located towards the Texas School Book Depository Building, which relates this area to the rest of the assassination site.

There is a marker that has been set up on the curb with an arrow pointing down, that is directly over the area where the mark is located on the south curb of Main Street.

The photograph, Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 33, is a photograph made from the location of Mr. Abraham Zapruder who made motion pictures of the assassination on November 22, and this photograph was made having a man who can be seen standing in the center of the picture, placed in the center of Elm Street, along a straight line between the mark on the curb and the assassination window in the Texas School Book Depository Building, the sixth floor.

The man is standing in that direct straight line between the assassination window and the mark on the curb, and the photograph then shows where the President in the Presidential limousine, would have been on Elm Street as related to the Zapruder films if a bullet going from the sixth floor window to the mark on the curb went directly over the President’s head.

Mr. REDLICH. Are you able to tell us the frame in Zapruder’s sequence which would correspond to the position of the man standing on Elm Street in Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 33?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; this would correspond to frame No. 410 in the Zapruder films. Of course, this, as stated, is based on the assumption that a bullet going from the window to the mark on the curbing went directly over the President’s head. It would have occurred at approximately frame 410.

In relating this to other previously determined facts regarding the Zapruder films, this would be 97 frames after the frame 313, which is the frame of the Zapruder films that shows the shot that struck the President in the head. At 18.3 frames per second, this 97 frames would represent a lapse of time of 5.3 seconds between the shot to the President’s head at frame 313, and any shot that would have occurred at frame 410, if such did occur.

Mr. REDLICH. Now, with further reference to the relationship of this location to the Zapruder films, the Commission previously requested that the Bureau, advise us as to when Special Agent Hill of the Secret Service reached the Presidential car. Can you tell us now the results of that investigation?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I examined the Zapruder film and determined that Agent Hill first places his hand on the Presidential car at frame 343. This is approximately 1.6 seconds after the President is hit in the head at frame 313.

Special Agent Hill placed one foot on the bumper of the car at frame 368, which is approximately 3 seconds after frame 313. Agent Hill had both feet on the car at frame 381, which is approximately 3.7 seconds after frame 313.

Mr. REDLICH. Going back now to frame 410 on the Zapruder film, which is the frame that would correspond to the location of a man appearing on Elm Street in Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 33, can you tell us the location of Special Agent Hill and Mrs. Kennedy at frame 410?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. At frame 410 in the Zapruder films, Mrs. Kennedy has returned to the seat beside the President after having climbed out on the back deck or the trunk lid, and Secret Service Agent Hill is in the process of climbing from the bumper into the back seat of the car and is about midway from the back bumper to the President, crawling across the trunk lid.

Mr. REDLICH. Is it correct to say, Mr. Shaneyfelt, that at frame 410 the principal target on the back of the Presidential limousine would have been Special Agent Hill and not any of the other occupants of the rear seat of the car?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. I do not have an opinion on that, except my recollection of the frame, as I recall it, the Connallys are down in the car, and the President is down in the car to a point where he may not be visible from the sixth floor window. Mrs. Kennedy would still be visible, and Agent Hill; Mrs. Kennedy and Agent Hill, as I recall, are the only ones readily visible or that are visible.

Mr. REDLICH. Turning now, Mr. Shaneyfelt, to the curb mark itself; you have brought with you today the actual piece of curbing which contains the mark referred to in your testimony; is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. That piece of curbing has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34.

(The article referred to was marked Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34.)

Mr. REDLICH. Were you present at the time this curbing was removed?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; it was removed under my supervision.

Mr. REDLICH. Can you then describe the subsequent investigation that was conducted in connection with this curbing?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; the section of curbing, Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34, was cut out from the curbing along the south side of Main Street in the assassination area. The mark on the curb having been located 23 feet, 4 inches from the abutment of the triple underpass. It was cut out under my supervision, and I personally returned it to the FBI laboratory. In the FBI laboratory it was examined for the presence of any foreign material.

Mr. REDLICH. For the record, the results of this investigation have been summarized in a communication from Director Hoover to Mr. Rankin, dated August 12, 1964, and designated now as the Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 27; is that correct, Mr. Shaneyfelt?

The absence of copper precludes the possibility that the mark on the curbing in the laboratory resulted in the finding of foreign metal smears adhering to the curbing section within the area of the mark. These metal smears were spectrographically determined to be essentially lead with a trace of antimony. No copper was found.

The lead could have originated from the lead core of a mutilated metal-jacketed bullet such as the type of bullet loaded into the 6.5-millimeter Mannlicher Carcano cartridges, or from some other source having the same composition.

The absence of copper precludes the possibility that the mark on the curbing section was made by an unmutilated military full metal-jacketed bullet such as the bullet from Governor Connally’s stretcher.

The damage to the curbing would have been much more extensive if a rifle bullet had struck the curbing without first having struck some other object. Therefore, this mark could not have been made by the first impact of a high velocity rifle bullet.

Mr. REDLICH. Based on your examination of the mark on the curb, can you tell us whether the mark which we have been referring to is a nick on the curb, that is, has a piece of the curb been chipped away, or is it instead a simple marking of lead?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; it is not a chip. There is no indication of any of the curbing having been removed, but rather it is a deposit of lead on the surface of the curbing that has given the appearance of a mark.

It was also established from a microscopic study of the curbing that the lead object that struck the curbing that caused the mark, was moving in a general direction away from the Texas School Book Depository Building.

Mr. REDLICH. In connection with this investigation into the microscopic characteristics of the mark, a photograph was prepared which is designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 35. Will you describe that photograph?

(The photograph referred to was marked Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 35.)

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 35 is a color photograph that I made of the mark on the curbing, which is Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34. This is magnified about five times, and shows only the marked area. There is a red area in the lower left corner marked A which designates the point of initial impact, and the lead deposit is then sprayed out in a fanlike direction from that arrow.

Mr. REDLICH. Does point A in Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 35 refer to or correspond to the portion of the marking which is visible in Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. It refers to the lower right-hand portion of that mark on Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34. It is this area here, and this area here [indicating].

Mr. REDLICH. Was Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 35 the photograph on the basis of which the direction of the bullet fragment was determined?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; the direction was determined from an actual examination of the curbing itself rather than from the photograph. Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 35, was made primarily to show this lead deposit more clearly than Exhibit 34 shows it.

Mr. REDLICH. I realize, Mr. Shaneyfelt, that the next question may be out of your area of specialization, and you may not be able to answer it. But are you able to tell us whether, if there had been copper deposits indicating a fully jacketed bullet, whether in the intervening period of time between the assassination and the time the curbstone was examined these copper deposits might have been removed by rain or erosion or any other natural causes?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. It is my understanding that there is no more reason for the copper to be removed than the lead to be removed, and it is my observation of the mark itself, the lead deposits, that the effect of time on it was to add a layer of dirt and film over it which covered it--more an adding on of dirt and other matter which covered it rather than a wearing away.

So, based on this, although it is not possible to state whether or not copper was there initially and eroded away or washed away or wore away, it seems logical that copper would have no more reason to become worn away than lead.

Mr. REDLICH. Previous investigation, Mr. Shaneyfelt, as well as the results of the reenactment in Dallas, have led, as you know, to a tentative conclusion that if three shots were fired during the assassination sequence, that one of these three shots missed the occupants of the car.

Assuming that tentative conclusion to be a definite finding of fact for purposes of this question, are you able to tell us whether in your opinion, the location, the presence, of the lead marking on the curb, which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34, provides any basis for determining which of the three shots fired by the assassin missed the Presidential limousine?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Based on the assumptions as stated, it is my opinion that the examination of the mark on the curb has furnished only limited further information in this regard because it is not possible to establish whether or not this mark on the curb could have been made from a fragment of the shot that hit the President in the head or a fragment of another shot that missed. The very fact that it can be considered as one of the possibilities suggests a possibility of a third shot that missed.

Mr. REDLICH. How far from the President’s position at frame 313 was the mark on the curb?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. I don’t have that figure here at the present time. To the best of my recollection, it was approximately 260 feet from where the President would have been at frame 313 to the mark on the south side of Main Street which has been designated as Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34.

Mr. REDLICH. I would like to designate at this time a number, Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 36, which we will apply to a communication which I asked you to furnish to the Commission giving us the exact distance between the President’s location at frame 313 and the mark on the curb, Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 34.

Mr. SHANEYFELT. All right.

(The article referred to was marked Shaneyfelt Exhibit No. 36 for identification.)

Mr. REDLICH. Have you completed your answer to my question with regard to whether this information offers any basis upon which one can conclude which of the three shots missed?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; I believe I have. I have very little opinion regarding that.

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Shaneyfelt, prior to our deposition you and I discussed the matters concerning which you were going to testify, and during the course of this deposition there were a few conversations which were not transcribed, is that correct?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. Is all of your testimony which has been transcribed completely consistent with any information which you have provided in the off-the-record conversations?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.

Mr. REDLICH. Is there any relevant material which you provided in any off-the-record conversations which has not been covered in the course of our record deposition?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. No.

Mr. REDLICH. Is there anything concerning the matters to which you testified that you would like to add at the present time?

Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; I believe not.

Mr. REDLICH. A copy of this deposition will be available for your review.

AFFIDAVIT OF PAUL MORGAN STOMBAUGH

The following affidavit was executed by Paul Morgan Stombaugh on September 4, 1964.

AFFIDAVIT

PRESIDENT’S COMMISSION ON THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ss:

Paul Morgan Stombaugh, being duly sworn, deposes and says:

1. This affidavit is made at the request of the President’s Commission on the Assassination of President Kennedy, for the purpose of supplementing the testimony I gave before the Commission concerning certain hairs and fibers I examined.

2. The principal characteristics of cotton fibers used for comparison purposes are color and shade; and degree of twist. Of these, color and shade are by far the most significant. The principal characteristics of viscose used for comparison purposes are color and shade, diameter, and size and distribution of delustering agent.

3. The orange-yellow and grey-black cotton fibers in the shirt, Commission Exhibit 150, were respectively of uniform shades; the dark blue cotton fibers in the shirt were of three different shades. All the fibers in the shirt were mercerized, and of a substantially uniform twist.

4. The green cotton fibers found in the paper bag, Commission Exhibit 142, varied in shade, but were of a uniform twist. The brown viscose fibers in the blanket, Commission Exhibit 140, varied in diameter, shade, size, and distribution of delustering agent.

5. Stombaugh Exhibits 1–6 consist of the following items:

(a) Stombaugh Exhibit 1 consists of the hairs I found on the blanket, Commission Exhibit 140.

(b) Stombaugh Exhibit 2 consists of the known sample of Lee Harvey Oswald’s hairs sent to me by the Dallas Office of the FBI.

(c) Stombaugh Exhibit 3 consists of the fibers I found in the paper bag, Commission Exhibit 142.

(d) Stombaugh Exhibit 4 consists of a sample of fibers from the blanket, Commission Exhibit 140.

(e) Stombaugh Exhibit 5 consists of the fibers I found on the rifle, Commission Exhibit 139.

(f) Stombaugh Exhibit 6 consists of a sample of fibers from the shirt, Commission Exhibit 150.

Signed this 4th day of September, 1964.

(S) Paul Morgan Stombaugh, PAUL MORGAN STOMBAUGH.

AFFIDAVIT OF L. J. LEWIS

The following affidavit was executed by L. J. Lewis on August 26, 1964.

AFFIDAVIT

PRESIDENT’S COMMISSION ON THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY

I, L. J. Lewis, being duly sworn, depose as follows:

I do not at the present time have a permanent residence but can be contacted at my present place of employment, Kemp’s Garage, 634 West Davis, Dallas, Texas. On January 21, 1964, I was residing at 7616 Hume, Pleasant Grove, Texas, and was then self-employed as a wholesale car dealer.

On January 21, 1964, I was interviewed by Special Agents John T. Kesler and Vernon Mitchem of the Federal Bureau of Investigation concerning what I had seen on November 22, 1963, as it related to Lee Harvey Oswald, the shooting of Dallas Police Officer, J. D. Tippit, and the assassination of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy.

I have been shown the written report[B] of the results of this interview of January 21, 1964, by Special Agents John T. Kesler and Vernon Mitchem of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. While this report is substantially correct, I wish at this time to make the following clarifications in regard to the last sentence in paragraph one and the entirety of paragraph two.

“Upon hearing the shots and recognizing them as gunshot sounds, I immediately called the Dallas Police Department to report a shooting. There was so much confusion at the Police Department end of the telephone conversation, they were having trouble making out what I was telling them. A few minutes later, I observed a white male, approximately thirty years of age, running south on Patton Avenue, carrying either an automatic pistol or a revolver in his hand, and while running was either attempting to reload same or attempting to conceal the weapon in his belt.

“Upon reaching the intersection of Patton Avenue and Jefferson Boulevard, the individual then proceeded west on Jefferson Boulevard.”

I have read this written report and with the exception of the aforementioned clarifications, it reveals a correct report of what I saw on November 22, 1963.

Signed this 26th day of August 1964.

(S) L. J. Lewis, L. J. LEWIS.

[B] This report was labeled L. J. Lewis Exhibit A.

TESTIMONY OF ALWYN COLE

The testimony of Alwyn Cole was taken at 3:26 p.m., on September 4, 1964, at 200 Maryland Avenue NE., Washington, D.C., by Mr. Melvin Aron Eisenberg, assistant counsel of the President’s Commission.

Mr. EISENBERG. Mr. Cole, you have given testimony to the Commission at a previous time, and this is a continuation of that testimony. So you will still be under oath from the previous session.

Mr. COLE. I understand.

Mr. EISENBERG. Could you state your full name and position once more?

Mr. COLE. Alwyn Cole, examiner of questioned documents, U.S. Treasury Department.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, Mr. Cole, I will hand you for your examination the following exhibits: Commission Exhibit No. 795, which is a Selective Service System notice of classification in the name of Alek James Hidell; Commission Exhibit No. 806, which is a certificate of service in the U.S. Marine Corps, in the name of Alek James Hidell; Commission Exhibit No. 801, which is a Selective Service System notice of classification in the name of Lee Harvey Oswald; Commission Exhibit No. 802, which is a Selective Service System registration certificate in the name of Lee Harvey Oswald; Commission Exhibit No. 811, which is a retouched negative of a registration certificate; Commission Exhibit No. 812, which consists of two retouched negatives of a certificate of service in the U.S. Marine Corps; Commission Exhibit No. 803, which consists of a retouched negative of the face of a Selective Service System notice of classification; Commission Exhibit No. 804, which consists of a retouched negative of the face of a Selective Service System notice of classification; Commission Exhibit No. 805, which consists of a retouched negative of a portion of the face of a Selective Service System notice of classification; and a certificate of service in the U.S. Marine Corps in the name of Lee Harvey Oswald, which I am labeling Cole Exhibit No. 1.

(Cole Exhibit No. 1 was marked for identification.)

I ask you whether these are the items you have considered in connection with your previous testimony?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, beginning with Exhibit No. 795, which is--at least as to its face--a Selective Service System notice of classification in the name of Alek James Hidell, can you tell us whether the face of this Exhibit was produced from the negatives 803, 804, and 805?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir. Exhibit No. 795 is in fact a photographic print from the negative, Exhibit No. 804, as to the face. Prior to that photographic negative, however, other negatives were made, the first one being the negative 803, and then another negative involved in the production of Exhibit No. 795 is 805, which gives that part of the text of the card beginning “The law requires” and ending “for advice see your Government appeal agent.”

In other words, the negatives just described finally culminated in the production of the photographic print, Exhibit No. 795.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, Mr. Cole, have you yourself made prints of these negatives, 803, 804, and 805?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; I have.

Mr. EISENBERG. That is by transmitted light, the normal way of printing a negative?

Mr. COLE. I have made them in that manner; yes, sir.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, I now hand you Cole Exhibits Nos. 2, 3, and 4, and I ask you whether those are the prints you have made from Commission Exhibits Nos. 803, 804, and 805?

(Cole Exhibits Nos. 2, 3, and 4 were marked for identification.)

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir. Cole Exhibit No. 2 is a photographic print from negative 805. Cole Exhibit No. 3 is a photographic print from negative 804. Cole Exhibit No. 4 is a photographic print from negative 803.

Mr. EISENBERG. Have you also made photographs of these negatives by reflected light, Mr. Cole?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir.

Mr. EISENBERG. I now hand you Cole Exhibits Nos. 5 and 6 and ask you whether the photographs on these Exhibits labeled 803, 804, and 805 are the photographs of the negatives which you made by reflected light.

(Cole Exhibits Nos. 5 and 6 were marked for identification.)

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir. These prints are from photographic negatives made by reflected light, and I should point out that the prints are enlarged somewhat over the original size of the negatives, about 1.25 diameters.

Mr. EISENBERG. And what is the difference between Cole Exhibit No. 5 and Cole Exhibit No. 6?

Mr. COLE. Cole Exhibit No. 6 shows that side of the negatives to which the opaquing medium or retouching medium was applied, whereas Cole Exhibit No. 5 shows the opposite side of the negative.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, Mr. Cole, did you attempt to determine whether the negatives, 803, 804, and 805, had been made from the Selective Service notice in the name Oswald, which is Commission Exhibit No. 801--that is, from the face of that card?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; I did.

Mr. EISENBERG. And what was your conclusion?

Mr. COLE. It is my conclusion that the negatives 803, 804, and 805, were in fact made from Exhibit No. 801.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, how were you able to link up the negatives 803, 804, and 805, and the Oswald notice, Exhibit No. 801?

Mr. COLE. That was done chiefly by a close study of the typewritten material following the line--I am now referring to Exhibit No. 801--following the line “Selective Service Number,” in which there are four small rectangles showing the insertion of typewritten numbers, and by study of the signature of the member or clerk of local board where it intersects printed matter of the original form. The typewritten matter and the inked lines of the signature have been the subject of opaquing or retouching. With respect to the typewriting of the Selective Service number, the original typewriting fell exactly on the base line of the ruled rectangles of the original printed card. This created a rather difficult problem about opaquing out the typewritten matter. The opaquing material was brought very close to the ruled line, but some of that line was permitted to remain unretouched. Since this line had in effect been reinforced by the base of the typewritten material, the line appears somewhat heavier. This heaviness comes through on the final photographic print which is Exhibit No. 795.

Now, by this strange heaviness, I am referring to the lower border of the four rectangles which follow the wording “Selective Service Number.”

Now, with respect to intersections of the signature of member or clerk of local board, this also presented quite a problem of retouching; that is, in an effort to remove the signature or opaque it from the negative 803, it was necessary to retouch or deform certain parts of the original printing as represented by that negative, one word being the word “President” at about the center of the right side of the card. The letter “r” has been mutilated by the opaquing material and this mutilation comes through on the final print, which is Exhibit No. 795.

Also where an effort was made to opaque the lower extension of the two letters “f” of the signature previously referred to, which intersects the word “violation,” here also there was a mutilation of certain letters of that word, namely, the “v” and “i” and the “a.”

This mutilation also comes through on the final print, Exhibit No. 795. So that there is a clear record from the original card, Exhibit No. 801, through to the negatives, exhibits 803, 804, and 805, and then to the final print, Exhibit No. 795.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, Mr. Cole, did you attempt to determine whether the negative 811 was a negative of the reverse side of the registration certificate in the name of Oswald, Commission Exhibit No. 802?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir. I did make such a determination.

Mr. EISENBERG. And what was your conclusion?

Mr. COLE. That the negative, Exhibit No. 811, is in fact a photographic reproduction made from the original card, Exhibit No. 802. That is referring to the reverse of this card.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, did you also make a print from that negative, Mr. Cole?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; I did.

Mr. EISENBERG. And is that print Cole Exhibit No. 7, which I now hand you?

(Cole Exhibit No. 7 was marked for identification.)

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; it is.

Mr. EISENBERG. And are the sections of Cole Exhibits Nos. 5 and 6 which are labeled 811, photographs taken of that negative by reflected light?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, did you attempt to determine, Mr. Cole, whether the negative 811 had been used to make the reverse side of the Notice of Classification in the name of Hidell?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; I did make such a determination.

Mr. EISENBERG. What was your conclusion?

Mr. COLE. It is my conclusion that the negative 811 was actually used to make the photographic reproduction, that is, a photographic print, which is the reverse of Exhibit No. 795.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, can you tell us how you were able to link up the Oswald registration certificate, the negative 811, and the reverse side of the Hidell notice of classification?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir. Returning to Commission Exhibit 802, the reverse side shows the original insertion of certain descriptive words, color of eyes, blue, complexion, medium, weight, 150, height, 5′11″. Now, with particular regard to the word “blue”--excuse me. I believe I didn’t mention the abbreviation, Brn, or color of hair. And referring to that abbreviation, and the insertion of the typewritten word “blue,” the insertion of the figure 150 for weight, it is observed that each of these intersect the dotted lines provided on the original printing of this card.

Now, here also an effort was made to opaque out the typewritten material just mentioned. Since the typewritten material intersects these ruled dotted lines, the opaquing material was brought very close to the lines and in some cases caused small imperfections of the dots. Now, these imperfections are present on the photographic print, Exhibit No. 795, that is referring to the reverse of that exhibit, in exactly the same position that they appear on the opaqued negative 811. And from that I concluded that this very negative was used to produce the photographic print which forms the reverse of Exhibit No. 795.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, did you attempt to determine, Mr. Cole, whether the two negatives, Commission Exhibit No. 812, have been produced from the certificate of service in the name of Oswald which is Cole Exhibit No. 1?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; I did.

Mr. EISENBERG. And what was your conclusion?

Mr. COLE. It is my conclusion that the two negatives, Commission Exhibit No. 812, actually reproduce the card, Cole Exhibit No. 1.

Mr. EISENBERG. Did you make prints of these negatives?

Mr. COLE. I did.

Mr. EISENBERG. And are those prints Cole Exhibits Nos. 8 and 9, which I now hand you?

(Cole Exhibits Nos. 8 and 9 were marked for identification.)

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; they are.

Mr. EISENBERG. And do the sections of Cole Exhibits Nos. 5 and 6 labeled 812 represent photographs of the negatives in 812 taken by reflected light?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; they do.

Mr. EISENBERG. Did you attempt to determine, Mr. Cole, whether Commission Exhibit No. 806, the certificate of service in the name of Hidell, had been produced from the negatives in 812?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir.

Mr. EISENBERG. And what was your conclusion?

Mr. COLE. It is my conclusion that Exhibit No. 806 was in fact prepared from or represents a photographic print made from the negatives, Commission Exhibit No. 812.

Mr. EISENBERG. Could you tell us how you were able to link up Cole Exhibit No. 1, the negatives in 812, and Commission Exhibit No. 806?

Mr. COLE. With respect to Cole Exhibit No. 1, as compared with the negative, Exhibit No. 812, that one representing the face of the document, it is observed that the opaquing medium which was used to block out the name Lee Harvey Oswald and the number 1653230 still makes it possible to read that name and number from the face of the negative, and it is observed that this typewritten material has precisely the same relationship on the negative as observed on the card, Cole Exhibit No. 1. Now there are no intersections of the opaquing with the original printed material of the card, Cole Exhibit No. 1. However, this negative gives an exact reproduction of all of the printed material on the card, including the form number which is DD Form 217 MC 1 January 1951. Now, this amount of connection, of course, is not as conclusive as one where an imperfection resulting in the application of an opaquing medium is observable, but yet as far as a comparison can be made, there is a perfect agreement and there are no differences.

Now, with respect to the reverse side of Cole Exhibit No. 1, it is observed that the original signature, Lee Harvey Oswald, intersected a part of the printing of the word “signature” just above that signature mentioned. The intersection affects chiefly the left side of the letter “u” of the word “signature.” In other words, a part of the opaquing medium affected that particular letter and this imperfection is also shown in the final photographic print which is the reverse of Commission’s Exhibit No. 806.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, I hand you Commission Exhibit No. 810, Mr. Cole. Is this a side-light photograph you took of the reverse side of Hidell certificate of service, that is, Commission Exhibit No. 806.

Mr. COLE. Yes; it is.

Mr. EISENBERG. Did you find any traces of a signature or letters in the box for signature of individual?

Mr. COLE. I did find some indentations in that area.

Mr. EISENBERG. Could you describe to us what you believe those indentations might represent?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; just below the printed word “of” in the line “signature of individual,” there are two vertical indentations which fill about three-fourths of the space available, and there is a diagonal mark slanting from the base of the left vertical to about the midpoint of the right vertical, the total effect being of a printed letter “H,” capital “H.” I also observe just below the second “i” of the printed word “individual” a vertical indentation and just below the third “i” of the word “individual” another vertical indentation. These could be the vertical parts of “d’s” or “l’s.” However, with respect to mention of the letter “d”, I do not observe any corresponding oval or circular part of that letter which would be required for a printed form.

Mr. EISENBERG. You mean a hand-printed form?

Mr. COLE. Yes.

Mr. EISENBERG. Are those indentations visible to the naked eye on the card itself?

Mr. COLE. Yes, they are, if the card is held in a special way so that the light strikes the card at an angle.

Mr. EISENBERG. How do you think those indentations might have been caused, Mr. Cole?

Mr. COLE. They could have been made by any sharp instrument, for example, by a ballpoint pen which was not delivering ink at this particular time, or by a stylus-like instrument such as those that are used in preparing mimeograph forms, or even by a toothpick.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, returning for a moment to the face of Commission Exhibit No. 795, in your previous testimony, as I recall it, you stated that while you could not make out precisely the signature of the member or clerk of local board, it appeared to be the name Good Hoffer, is that correct?

Mr. COLE. That is correct.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, did that appear to be one word or two words?

Mr. COLE. It appears to me to be two words or two names, capital G-o-o-d, and then the name capital H-o-f-f-e-r.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now how did that compare to the signature of the member or clerk of local board on Commission Exhibit No. 801, the Oswald notice of classification?

Mr. COLE. Well, it is not the same name but it has some parts which correspond, namely, the letter “f.” That is, there are obviously two hand-written letters “f” in the last name of member or clerk of local board on Exhibit No. 801, and we also have a representation of hand-written letters “f” in about the same position on Commission Exhibit No. 795.

Mr. EISENBERG. Off the record.

(Discussion off the record.)

Mr. EISENBERG. On the record. Do you have any further observations on the comparison of the two names on the two cards, Mr. Cole?

Mr. COLE. Yes; I would say that a possible interpretation of the name on the original card, Exhibit No. 801, would be that it begins with either a capital “E” or a capital “G.” There is a very small circular form following that which does not appear to form any intelligible name when linked with the first capital letter. However, the last name suggests to me that it might be the name Schiffen, S-c-h-i-f-f-e-n.

Now, I consider it quite possible that a person looking at this name, which does not have a good legibility, might interpret it to be the name which is finally written on the line for signature of member or clerk of local board as it shows on Commission Exhibit No. 795. Now, as to why a name might be removed by opaquing material and then written in in a similar form by pen and ink, it is my view that this might be done in order to have what would appear to be an original, personally written signature on the final card, Exhibit No. 795, instead of having a photographic reproduction of a signature.

Mr. EISENBERG. Why do you think a person might write back in the same name that he had taken out, rather than a different name?

Mr. COLE. As I say, in order to have on the final card an actual manually written signature with pen and ink which would, one might suppose, carry more validating effect than a photographic reproduction of a signature.

Mr. EISENBERG. So that he would not necessarily be interested in changing the name?

Mr. COLE. Not necessarily.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, on the reverse side of the notice of classification, Exhibit No. 795, there is typed in semilegible form the name and address of the local board which issued the registration certificate, and this seems to correspond to the name and address which had been opaqued out of the Oswald registration certificate, Commission Exhibit No. 802. Is that your observation?

Off the record, please.

(Discussion off the record.)

Mr. EISENBERG. On the record. Now, I now hand you, in order to help you make this judgment, Commission Exhibit No. 799, which is a side light photograph--introduced in connection with your earlier testimony--of the reverse side of Exhibit No. 795, and I wonder whether, with the aid of that side light photograph, you could compare the entry in the space for local board on Commission Exhibit No. 802, as opposed to the entry in the corresponding space on the reverse side of Commission Exhibit No. 795.

Mr. COLE. The typewritten information inserted on the reverse side of Commission Exhibit No. 795 is virtually the same as the printed information which appears on the reverse of Commission Exhibit 802, with just some slight differences. On Commission Exhibit No. 795, and as now being read from the side light photograph, Exhibit No. 799, the inserted typewriting which is read partly by an existing scanty deposit of ink and partly by an indent from the striking of the typewriter keys, the wording is “Texas Local Board 114.” In other words, on that line the abbreviation, No., for number is omitted.

The next line being read from Exhibit No. 799 is “Selective Service.” That means that the word “System” is omitted, which appears on that second line of Exhibit No. 802.

Now, the next line, again being read from Exhibit No. 799, is “Room 2226,” differing only as to the last figure. This read “Room 2227,” on Exhibit No. 802.

The street is given as 400 instead of 300 as it appears on Exhibit No. 802. The name of the street is the same, “W. Vickery St.”

Reading the last line from Exhibit No. 799, there are the words “Fort Worth, Texas,” and this means that there is omitted the zone No. 4, which appears on Exhibit No. 802. Except for the differences mentioned, the material is the same.

Mr. EISENBERG. Do you have any opinion why a person might have gone to the trouble of opaquing out the original name and address and then typing back in a substantially similar name and address?

Mr. COLE. Yes, sir; I do have an opinion. It is my belief that one might suppose that the insertion of original typewriting on the final blank photographic card would carry more of a validating force or would give a greater impression of being an original card than would the reproduction, photographic reproduction, of printed material.

Mr. EISENBERG. Now, Mr. Cole, reviewing the Exhibits which consist of prints of the negatives we have been discussing, that is, Cole Exhibits Nos. 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9, it appears that these prints essentially resemble blank forms, blank printed forms. Can you explain the reason for that?

Mr. COLE. The reason is that these prints are made from negatives which I believe were a part of a purpose for preparing final photographic prints which appear to be blank forms.

Mr. EISENBERG. And in the case of Exhibits--Cole Exhibits Nos. 5 and 6, can you explain the reason why Cole Exhibit No. 6 shows various splotches or splotchylike patterns, whereas Cole Exhibit No. 5 does not?

Mr. COLE. Well, Exhibit No. 6 shows that side of the negative to which the opaquing medium was actually applied, whereas Exhibit No. 5 shows the opposite side. Now, on the opposite side, you can actually read the material that was being opaqued from the negative because the opaquing material is a dull red color and it actually reflects a considerable amount of light. However, it will not transmit any light, and the fact that it will not transmit light is shown by the prints made from these same negatives such as Cole Exhibits Nos. 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9.

Mr. EISENBERG. As I understand it, then, in examining the negatives by reflected light, the opaquing material on the reverse side would serve as a background, and therefore would not prevent you from reading the material which was eventually opaqued out, is that correct?

Mr. COLE. That is true as to Exhibit No. 5.

Mr. EISENBERG. Yes.

Mr. COLE. But you observe on Exhibit No. 6 you cannot read the material opaqued.

Mr. EISENBERG. That is--yes. I should have said when the negatives are examined from their front--is that right?

Mr. COLE. When the negative is examined from the side to which the opaquing material was applied, you cannot read the material that was blocked out by the opaquing.

Mr. EISENBERG. And when it is examined from the other side you can?

Mr. COLE. You can.

Mr. EISENBERG. Because the material serves as a background?

Mr. COLE. That is correct.

Mr. EISENBERG. And is my understanding also correct that when the negative is printed by transmitted light, the opaquing blocks the light from passing through those portions of the negative which have been opaqued, therefore blocking those portions from being printed in the final prints?

Mr. COLE. That is correct; yes.

Mr. EISENBERG. Thank you very much, Mr. Cole.

TESTIMONY OF PROF. REVILO PENDLETON OLIVER

The testimony of Prof. Revilo Pendleton Oliver was taken at 2 p.m., on September 9, 1964, at 200 Maryland Avenue NE., Washington, D.C., by Mr. Albert E. Jenner, Jr., assistant counsel of the President’s Commission. Professor Oliver was accompanied by his attorney, Mr. John Unger.

Mr. JENNER. Mr. Reporter, this is Mr. Revilo Pendleton Oliver of Urbana, Ill.

Doctor, would you mind standing so I can swear you.

Do you swear that in the deposition which you are about to give that you will tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth?

Mr. OLIVER. I do.

This is a deposition and not a hearing?

Mr. JENNER. It is the same thing. We call hearings when the Commission, a member of the Commission is present. These are hearings but we call them deposition hearings. And all of your testimony will be published in full in volume XV of the testimony volumes, and without any editing, expurgating, or deletion.

Mr. OLIVER. Will all testimony be published?

Mr. JENNER. Yes, sir; every bit. It now runs 15 printed volumes.

Mr. UNGER. May I interrupt just a second. I notice that under the resolution adopting the rules that it provides that one or more members of the Commission shall be present at all hearings.

Don’t you intend to have a member of the Commission present at this hearing?

Mr. JENNER. No; unless you desire to have one.

Mr. UNGER. Well, I didn’t understand that it was a matter of preference. I understood that under the rules under which you operated it wasn’t a legal hearing unless you did have one.

Mr. JENNER. It is a hearing; what you are reading is a hearing at which the Commission is sitting as distinguished from a deposition hearing. You will find also in the rules, John, that you have, that they provide for the deposition hearings.

Mr. UNGER. Are you referring now to the second paragraph which says that any member of the Commission or any agent or agency designated by the Commission for such purpose may administer oaths and affirmation, examine witnesses, and receive evidence?

Mr. JENNER. Yes, sir.

Mr. UNGER. I wouldn’t normally take that as repealing a previous section that a member be present at all hearings.

Mr. JENNER. It doesn’t repeal it, it supplements it.

Mr. UNGER. You see, the subpena under which Dr. Oliver is here commands him to appear before the President’s Commission.

Mr. JENNER. That is right.

Mr. UNGER. Well, I have made my point. I have some question as to whether or not this would be a proper hearing in the absence of a Commission member, and I have so stated in the record.

Mr. JENNER. But if you--Mr. McCloy happens to be here this afternoon, and if you want Mr. McCloy present, why we will have him present.

Mr. UNGER. We have no preference in the matter.

Mr. JENNER. Off the record.

(Discussion off the record.)

Mr. JENNER. Dr. Oliver, the nature of the inquiry enjoined upon the Commission in the discharge of which it has been assiduously engaged is to determine the facts and circumstances relating to the deaths of President John F. Kennedy and Lee Harvey Oswald. There has come to the attention of the Commission and its staff an article entitled, “Marxmanship in Dallas,” of which we understand you were the author, published in two parts in American Opinion, a magazine published by the John Birch Society, part I, in the February 1964 issue, pages 13 through 28, and part II in the March 1964 issue, pages 65 through 78.

That article--it is charged among other things that President Kennedy’s assassination was a part of a Communist plot engineered with the help of the Central Intelligence Agency, that Lee Harvey Oswald was a Communist agent trained in sabotage, terrorism, and guerrilla warfare, including accurate shooting from ambush, in a school for international criminals near Minsk, Russia, under order from Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara, the U.S. Army began to rehearse for President Kennedy’s funeral more than a week before the funeral actually took place----

Mr. OLIVER. Now, are we not confusing quite a number of things, here, Mr. Jenner?

Mr. JENNER. Well, you may comment when I finish the statement, if you please.

Mr. OLIVER. Very good.

Mr. JENNER. That Lee Harvey Oswald was sent to Dallas where he tried to murder Gen. Edwin A. Walker; that in November, Oswald was sent back from New Orleans, La., to Dallas, Tex., where a job at a suitably located building had been arranged for him and that something went wrong with the Communist conspiracy’s plans, as a result of which Oswald was apprehended and identified.

There has also come to the attention of the Commission various news items and newspapers published in Washington, D.C., Illinois, Mississippi, Arizona, Texas, Colorado, California, and other States, which contain reports of lectures and speeches made by you from time to time, in which you have repeated, elaborated upon, or added to the charges and claims made in your article in the American Opinion which I have summarized.

The Commission is interested, among other things, in obtaining from you the sources of, and the basis for, the foregoing charges and claims appearing in your article and those reported in the news media as having been made by you in lectures and speeches.

John, if you want that, there it is.

Mr. UNGER. Thank you.

Mr. JENNER. I wanted to give you the framework of the examination.

Mr. OLIVER. May I point out that the article to which you originally referred contained no reference to a rehearsal for the funeral, and certainly contained no statement that the CIA had engineered the assassination.

Mr. JENNER. What we will do, I will go into the article. I understand you brought copies of it, and we can put the article in the record and it will speak for itself.

Mr. OLIVER. The entire article will be reproduced in the record?

Mr. JENNER. I beg your pardon?

Mr. OLIVER. Will the entire article be reproduced in the record?

Mr. JENNER. Yes, sir.

Mr. OLIVER. All right.

Mr. JENNER. Have I stated your name accurately, that is, Revilo Pendleton Oliver.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. You do reside at 710 West Ohio Street?

Mr. OLIVER. 701, simply Ohio Street there being no West.

Mr. JENNER. You are a professional man. What is your profession, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. I am a professor of classical philology in the University of Illinois.

Mr. JENNER. You have held that position since when?

Mr. OLIVER. I held rank as a full professor, I believe, since 1953, it could be 1954.

Mr. JENNER. You are the holder of a doctor of philosophy degree, are you not?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. From what university, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. The University of Illinois.

Mr. JENNER. When did you receive your doctorate?

Mr. OLIVER. To the best of my recollection, 1940.

Mr. JENNER. Approximately?

Mr. OLIVER. 1940.

Mr. JENNER. Have you resided in Urbana or in Champaign, at least in the university area, from the time you became a member of the faculty of the University of Illinois and a professor?

Mr. OLIVER. Legally, I believe; yes.

Mr. JENNER. Would you want to explain to me what you mean by “legally”?

Mr. OLIVER. Well, I have lived elsewhere during that time; I have been abroad, and I have lived in Washington, D.C., and in Virginia, but I maintained a legal residence in Urbana.

Mr. JENNER. These, I take it, were either special assignments, or vacations, or sabbatical leaves to which you refer?

Mr. OLIVER. Right, and let us say Urbana and/or Champaign, because during some of those years I lived in the adjacent town of Champaign.

Mr. JENNER. Yes. Urbana/Champaign, they are twin cities, and the university is located in both cities, is that not correct?

Mr. OLIVER. Between the two.

Mr. JENNER. Between the two. Although their boundaries touch?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; in fact, their boundaries so touch they have a problem because cars parked in one city would find the parking meters on the curb of the other city.

Mr. JENNER. Would you give me, but not in great elaboration, your career from your college days. You received a master’s degree, where did you receive that?

Mr. OLIVER. Out at the University of Illinois, also.

Mr. JENNER. Just tell us in summary.

Mr. OLIVER. I took my doctoral degree at the University of Illinois, under Prof. William Abbott Oldfather.

Mr. JENNER. A very great man.

Mr. OLIVER. A very distinguished man. I have been successively instructor, assistant professor, associate professor, and professor of the classics, and I have also been assistant professor, associate professor, and full professor of Spanish and Italian--largely a matter of my giving courses in the Renaissance.

Mr. JENNER. Do you teach Latin and Greek, too, or have you?

Mr. OLIVER. Oh, that is classics.

Mr. JENNER. I see. During the war did you have some special assignment militarily oriented or Government oriented?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; during the war I was on leave from the university for service with the War Department.

Mr. JENNER. And without revealing any secrets, would you tell us the general nature of that?

Mr. OLIVER. The general nature of that was work that is supposedly secret in nature. I can only say I was with the War Department and that the offices in which I principally worked were located on Lee Boulevard in Arlington, and not in the Pentagon.

Mr. JENNER. Was this civilian oriented rather than army oriented?

Mr. OLIVER. I was a civilian expert. It was, however, an Army Establishment under the command of a general.

Mr. JENNER. What was that, research work?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; under the command of a brigadier general, I should say.

Mr. JENNER. This research work, did that involve any work of investigating or inquiring into the commission of crimes or conspiracies, work of that nature?

Mr. OLIVER. Not actual investigation on my part.

Mr. JENNER. But----

Mr. OLIVER. It involved the use of the results of the investigations of others.

Mr. JENNER. So that you had experience in examining investigators’ reports and reaching judgments from those reports?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. And reporting your judgment to your superiors.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Are you a member of the John Birch Society?

Mr. OLIVER. I am a member of the council of John Birch Society.

Mr. JENNER. Would you explain to me what that is? I am frank to say to you I don’t know.

Mr. OLIVER. The John Birch Society was founded by Mr. Robert Welch in Indianapolis, Ind., in December 1958. Very shortly after its foundation a council was organized. The council consists of persons whom the society regards as prominent, and has approximately 30 members. The number fluctuates, of course as a result of deaths, and so on. The council meets with Mr. Welch periodically.

Mr. JENNER. Is it in the nature of a board of managers or a board of governors of a bar association? I am not trying to be technical, but just trying to get a notion of what the council is.

Mr. OLIVER. I am not sufficiently familiar with the board of governors of a bar association but I think as a general analogy that would stand, yes.

Mr. JENNER. That is all I wanted.

And you became a member in 1958, did you say?

Mr. OLIVER. At the foundation.

Mr. JENNER. And you have remained one ever since?

Mr. OLIVER. Oh, yes.

Mr. JENNER. Do you have any other official connection with the John Birch Society apart from being a member of the society and of the council?

Mr. OLIVER. No; I write for American Opinion. And I am associate editor of it, I believe. American Opinion, by the way, is published by Robert Welch, Inc.----

Mr. JENNER. Explain that to me, if you please?

Mr. OLIVER. Which is a corporation, some of the stock of which is held by the John Birch Society.

Mr. JENNER. Could I ask you one thing, Doctor?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes, sir.

Mr. JENNER. You tend, and many witnesses do, you tend to drop your voice about three-quarters of the way through a sentence. It would be helpful to me if you could keep it up a little.

Mr. OLIVER. Very good. I didn’t want to seem to be lecturing.

Mr. JENNER. Don’t worry about it.

I see you have before you what looks like a magazine with a colored cover. Does that happen to be a copy of American Opinion?

Mr. OLIVER. It is.

Mr. JENNER. Would you mind if I looked at it?

Mr. OLIVER. Not at all. That is the March issue of this year.

Mr. JENNER. I take it that the document I have in my hand and the other that you have before you contain part I and part II of the article to which I made reference in my opening statement?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. Will these copies be returned to me?

Mr. JENNER. Are these the only ones you have, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. Those are my file copies.

Mr. JENNER. May I say this to you, any witness who wants the return of his documents is entitled to them. That is our practice. If we have to return them, we duplicate them on a Xerox machine. Some of the material, like the pictures will not be as clear as you will wish. Whereas if you permit us to retain the original copy, then it will be photographed and the photograph of the document in evidence will be quite clear. It occurred to me if acceptable to you, that for purposes of reproduction, the original is to be preferred. May I suggest that you probably will so desire, can you not obtain official copies?

Mr. OLIVER. I will take the chance of obtaining additional copies. The issues were sold out.

Mr. JENNER. I see.

Mr. OLIVER. But perhaps I can find extras. So you may have those.

Mr. JENNER. Thank you.

Mr. Reporter, I will mark the copy entitled “American Opinion, An Impartial Review, March 1964,” upon which appears the rubber stamp “R. P. Oliver, File copy,” as Oliver Exhibit No. 1.

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 1 for identification.)

Excuse me. Whose picture is that on the cover page?

Mr. OLIVER. Senator Thurmond’s.

Mr. JENNER. I mark the second document which is on its face, the February 1964 issue of American Opinion, likewise stamped “File copy, R. P. Oliver” on which appears a picture of General MacArthur.

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 2 for identification.)

Mr. JENNER. I take it from the discussion we have had, Dr. Oliver, that in Oliver Exhibit No. 1 appears part I.

Mr. OLIVER. Part II.

Mr. JENNER. Have I got them reversed?

Mr. OLIVER. I thought of interrupting at the time you marked those exhibits, and then thought perhaps I should not.

Mr. JENNER. Well, I have got them marked so I will have to leave them that way.

In Oliver Exhibit No. 1, appears part II at pages 65 through 76 of your article entitled “Marxmanship in Dallas,” and that in volume 2 appears part I of the same article at pages 13 through 28.

These two pamphlets, Doctor, are true and correct copies of the issues of American Opinion of the dates that we have described?

Mr. OLIVER. They are the printed copies, yes.

Mr. JENNER. Now, I will refer to Exhibits 1 and 2 in which are contained the parts II and I, respectively of your article. I want to ask you some questions as to the sources of some of the statements made therein.

But before I do that, I will ask whether you are the author of the article?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes, that is right.

Mr. JENNER. Part I and part II.

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. The picture representation in each of those issues is your picture?

Mr. OLIVER. The picture of myself, yes. I may say I did not choose the other photographs. That was the work of the editor.

Mr. JENNER. I should say that the picture representation on page 13 of Exhibit 2, and the picture representation on page 65 is in each instance your picture?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. I will ask you a general question first. If you want to particularize you may. I will tell you that I will get into particulars as we go along. What was the source, or what were the sources, if there was more than one source, of the statements and claims made in your article. When I say “your article” I mean both parts, unless I distinguish.

Mr. OLIVER. Statements which I make as statements of fact or of reports are taken very largely, perhaps entirely, from printed sources, such as newspapers, periodicals.

The portions in which I reason from those facts are, of course, the deductions which I draw.

Mr. JENNER. Do the articles indicate when you are reasoning and when you are referring to sources?

Mr. OLIVER. I believe so with at least reasonable clarity. It was my intention to make that clear.

Mr. JENNER. I take it then that none of the portions of the article is derived from any personal source of information upon your part, that is personal knowledge as distinguished from reference sources that you have described to me.

Mr. OLIVER. Certainly nothing concerning the assassination is derived from any personal knowledge of mine. I was not present, and as a matter of fact, have seen none of the persons involved. By “seen,” of course, I mean seen personally, not in pictures or films.

Mr. JENNER. All right.

I direct your attention to part I, on page 13. You make the statement, “Lee Harvey Oswald was a young punk who defected to the Soviet taking with him the operational codes of the Marine Corps and sufficient other secrets as a fledgling traitor had been able to steal while in military service.”

What is the source of your statement that Lee Harvey Oswald took with him or even had the operational codes of the Marine Corps?

Mr. OLIVER. The principal source certainly is a statement made by a former officer of the Marine Corps and reported widely in the press at the time, that after Oswald’s defection the Marine Corps found it necessary to change all of their operational codes, and further had to make certain other changes evidently involving radar frequencies, and quite possibly the location of radar stations.

The officer, naturally, was not too explicit on that point. He stated, however, that this work involved, I believe, many thousands of man-hours of work.

Well, I think that a reasonable inference is that no organization would expend without reason the many thousands of man-hours of hard work and the other effort and expense that would be necessary to make those changes without good and sufficient reasons to believe that their codes had been compromised.

Mr. JENNER. I take it then that the source of your information, to pinpoint it, was a newspaper report?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Of a statement made by an officer of the Marine Corps?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. That was your sole source of information?

Mr. OLIVER. To the best of my recollection it was.

Mr. JENNER. Do you happen to have a copy of that newspaper account? Did you bring one with you by any chance?

Mr. OLIVER. I believe that I have. You people have the American Eagle reprint of the assassination story, do you not?

Mr. JENNER. Would you describe that more definitely for the record?

Mr. OLIVER. The American Eagle reprint is a reprint by photo offset of clippings from the two Dallas newspapers and, I believe, possibly two other sources.

Mr. JENNER. May I interrupt you? Now I know what you are talking about.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. It is published by the American Eagle Publishing Co.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Of which Robert A. Surrey is president?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Of Dallas, Tex.

Mr. OLIVER. I believe he is president.

Mr. JENNER. He has so testified. When you first mentioned this document it didn’t click with me, but now I recall. It is tall, newspaper-sized yellow-covered----

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Document.

(Discussion off the record.)

Mr. JENNER. Mr. Reporter, that has been received in evidence as Commission Exhibit No. 1015. If you have a copy with you in your bag, Doctor, would you please get it out and then refer me to the page?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Please make your references to the Commission Exhibit No. 1015 and the record will be much clearer.

Mr. OLIVER. That is, the Commission Exhibit No. 1015 is the American Eagle reprint?

Mr. JENNER. That is right. You will notice, if you will turn to the back page Doctor, that Robert Surrey is listed as president of the American Eagle Publishing Co.

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. Would you have the record show, Mr. Reporter that Dr. Oliver is now examining a copy of Commission Exhibit No. 1015 to see if he can locate the news source on which he based the statement in Oliver Exhibit 2 that Oswald took with him the operational codes of the Marine Corps and sufficient other secrets as a fledgling traitor had been able to steal in the military service.

Mr. JENNER. All right, Doctor. Would you identify the page if you have located it?

Mr. OLIVER. This is the page of reprints from the Dallas Morning News with the date 12/4 at the very top of the page in heavy writing.

Mr. JENNER. We are now looking at the back of page 12. It has a dateline Wednesday, December 4, 1963. You are referring, sir, to a particular item?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Would you read the headline?

Mr. OLIVER. This particular item is an Associated Press Dispatch, and in this paper is headlined, “Oswald a ‘wise guy,’ ex-Marine officer says.” And in it, John E. Donovan, a former Marine officer, is reported as saying, the Oswald’s defection “compromised all our secret radio frequencies, call signs and authentication codes. He knew the location of every unit on the west coast, and the radar capability of every installation. We had to spend thousands of man-hours changing everything, all the technical frequencies”--“all the tactical frequencies,” I am sorry--“and verify the destruction of all of the codes.” That I regard as the significant part of the statement.

Mr. JENNER. Is there any other newspaper clipping contained in Commission Exhibit No. 1015 upon which you relied in making the statement in question or to which I have referred in part 1 of your statement?

Mr. OLIVER. It is possible that the same dispatch is reproduced from another newspaper also in this document, but to the best of my recollection it would be the same in both.

Mr. JENNER. So it is a fair statement that the quotation I read into the record from your article was based upon that news report of Officer Donovan’s statement or a repetition of that news item in some other newspaper?

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. And no other source?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. No other source meaning yes, there was no other source?

Mr. OLIVER. Meaning there was no other source.

Mr. JENNER. Then, follow me in your article again. You say a sentence later, “He was then trained” the “he” referring to Lee Harvey Oswald, “in sabotage, terrorism and guerrilla warfare (including accurate shooting from ambush) in the well-known school for international criminals near Minsk, and while there he married the daughter of a colonel in the Soviet military espionage system (and possible also in the Secret Police.)”

That is starred, indicating a footnote. The footnote reads, “If you missed the detail about Mrs. Oswald’s father, see the Congressional Record for December 4, page 22215.” Have I read it correctly?

Mr. OLIVER. I believe so.

Mr. JENNER. What is the source of your statement that Oswald was trained in sabotage, terrorism, and guerrilla warfare, including accurate shooting from ambush in the well-known school for international criminals near Minsk?

Mr. OLIVER. It would be a number of sources. The first, a radio broadcast on an international hookup made, as 1 recall, on the Saturday following the assassination from Vienna by a reporter----

Mr. JENNER. Excuse me, that would be the next day, the 23d of November, 1963. The 22d was a Friday. That is the day of the assassination. The 23d was a Saturday. The 24th was Sunday, and was the day on which Mr. Ruby shot Lee Harvey Oswald. All I am seeking to clear up, Doctor, is I gather, that the Saturday you have in mind is the day immediately following, or in other words, the day after the assassination, rather than the succeeding week.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. In other words the Saturday and Sunday immediately following that Friday. This was a broadcast from Vienna by a correspondent for, I believe, the Hearst newspaper named Flieders.

Mr. JENNER. Would you spell it for me, please?

Mr. OLIVER. As I heard it, I would assume that it was F-l-i-e-d-e-r-s or F-l-i-e-g-e-r-s, I was not quite sure, which. Who stated----

Mr. JENNER. Your understanding, it was a broadcast from Germany?

Mr. OLIVER. No; Vienna.

Mr. JENNER. Thank you.

Mr. OLIVER. The man stated that he had learned from underground sources that Oswald under cover of employment in a factory at Minsk, was trained in the school for sabotage and terrorism--that I believe was the phrase used--at Minsk. That was, of course, an extremely plausible statement. It has been a matter, I believe, of general knowledge for some time, that such a school was operated in the vicinity of Minsk. It is comparable perhaps to the school in the vicinity of Prague at which Raul Castro was trained. It would be difficult for me to say where I first learned of the existence of such a school.

Mr. JENNER. When you say “such a,” you mean this particular one? This one at Minsk?

Mr. OLIVER. It is my recollection it was in connection with some inquiries I was making into the careers of some Communists in Latin America, but I do not recall it clearly. I believe that references to that school are also to be found in the memoirs of some defectors. I am thinking particularly of Granovsky, the author of a book entitled “I was an NKVD agent.”

Now, Granovsky himself was trained at Bykova. But my recollection is not clear in what connection he mentions the school at Minsk, and I cannot be sure that he mentions it at all. There are a large number of memoirs, as you know, of people who were associated in one way or another with the Russian secret police.

Mr. JENNER. Or at least claimed.

Mr. OLIVER. It would take me quite some time because most of those books do not have indices. It would be quite some time to run down the references, but the statement that he was trained at Minsk seemed to me to be a perfectly reasonable statement.

Mr. JENNER. Is this a fair statement of the import of your testimony, that when you heard the broadcast during the morning or late evening hours of the 23d-24th from Vienna, that that awakened in your mind so far as the school at Minsk is concerned, some things that you had read prior to that time?

Mr. OLIVER. Oh, yes.

Mr. JENNER. Other than having read the memoirs you have mentioned and hearing the broadcast to which you have referred, did you have any other source, that is personal in nature, let us say, that there actually existed while Mr. Oswald, Lee Harvey Oswald was there, or since or prior, a school for international criminals in which sabotage, terrorism, and guerrilla warfare was taught?

Mr. OLIVER. No personal knowledge. I never attended the school.

Mr. JENNER. I didn’t mean that, sir. What I am seeking to do is narrow down the source of your statement. What I am seeking is sources and to determine whether there is any source of information which this Commission has not itself investigated and should investigate.

Mr. OLIVER. Again, my recollection will be vague. There was some discussion several years ago among “Sovietologists”--of a Russian--of a report from Russian sources that this school had been closed.

Mr. JENNER. Was there a publication?

Mr. OLIVER. I am virtually certain it must have been a publication; yes. I believe it was mentioned in connection with some one of these stories that the Russians were “mellowing” and so on.

Mr. JENNER. Mr. Unger, I apologize to you, I should have stated for the record the fact that you are here representing Doctor Oliver. Would you give the reporter your full name and where you reside and practice law?

Mr. UNGER. Yes; John Unger, in Danville, Ill., is where I practice.

Mr. JENNER. And you appear here as counsel for Dr. Oliver.

Mr. UNGER. Yes.

Mr. OLIVER. You will find that school also mentioned in the statement that Congressman Ashbrook read into the Congressional Record on the pages cited there.

Mr. UNGER. May I interject here that I think that what Dr. Oliver is trying to do is to try to furnish you as many sources as possible for information about the existence of the school in or near Minsk, because I was told your conversation with me on the telephone, that you were not aware of that information but I suspect what you are primarily concerned about is the information he had of Lee Harvey Oswald attending that school.

Mr. JENNER. I want his sources for all the statements he has made. I was about to get to that.

Mr. UNGER. Yes; and I take it that he has answered that question as fully as he can when he told you about this broadcast which he heard.

Mr. JENNER. You have heard Mr. Unger’s statement, Doctor. Do you accept that, that your sole source of information as to Lee Harvey Oswald’s having attended, as you state, in part 1 of your article, having attended this school, was the broadcast from Vienna the night of November 23–24?

Mr. OLIVER. No; there was also the statement in Congressman Ashbrook’s article in the Congressional Record, as I recall. A further statement by Congressman Ashbrook in an article, a short article, more or less summarizing what he had read into the record, which appeared in a publication of the Liberty Lobby.

Mr. JENNER. Liberty Lobby?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. What is that publication, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. I believe it was the Liberty Letter, as it is called.

Mr. JENNER. Would you identify it for me, who publishes it?

Mr. OLIVER. The Liberty Lobby is an organization here in Washington of which I understand Willis Carto is an active member and possibly officer, I do not recall clearly. Its purpose as stated, is to lobby for American interests in Congress.

Mr. JENNER. Doctor, I have a copy of the daily Congressional Record for Wednesday, December 4, 1963, pages 22215 and 22216 (bound volume 109, part 18, page 23331). I have marked it as Oliver Exhibit No. 3. I hand that to you. Would you tell me if that is the Congressional Record source to which you made reference?

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 3 for identification.)

Mr. JENNER. It may help you that the footnote of your article refers to page 22215 of the December 4 issue of the Congressional Record.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; that is the statement by Congressman Ashbrook to which I referred. I was, of course, referring particularly, to the statement about his wife.

Mr. JENNER. About Oswald’s wife?

Mr. OLIVER. Oswald’s wife; yes.

Mr. JENNER. I take it, then, that is the portion of the matter I quoted in which it is stated that “He” meaning Oswald, “married the daughter of a colonel in the Soviet military espionage system (and possibly also in the secret police).”

Mr. OLIVER. I have since learned that that statement was somewhat inaccurate. The girl now known as Marina Oswald, as I understand it, lost her father when she was about 2 years old. Her mother remarried and died when Marina was in her teens, and at the time that Oswald met her Marina was living, evidently, in the capacity of a daughter, in other words, an adopted daughter for practical purposes, with the colonel of the Soviet military intelligence.

Mr. JENNER. What is your source for that supposition?

Mr. OLIVER. That I base on a report from a man whose research I use a great deal in my work, Mr. Frank Capell. Mr. Capell, is a private expert on Communism and Communistic infiltration, who, I understand, has the cooperation of many former intelligence officers of the Army and former members of the FBI.

Mr. JENNER. When you say army you mean the United States Army?

Mr. OLIVER. United States Army; yes. And other very good sources. He has very elaborate files and among the research workers whose work I use Mr. Capell’s work has been particularly important to me in connection with these articles.

Mr. JENNER. I take it then that the sources of the statement which I have quoted from your article, all portions of it, were, may I use the term, secondary sources, that is, the broadcast you have mentioned, newspaper items, research reports of Mr. Capell or either that you saw published or which he transmitted to you as the case may be, which came to your attention?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Here again your information was not, if I may use the term, direct source, of your own?

Mr. OLIVER. No; in the sense that I never met Oswald, knew nothing of his career.

Mr. JENNER. Or you never knew that this school existed other than as reported through these secondary sources?

Mr. OLIVER. True, and of my own personal knowledge I do not even know that Minsk exists.

Mr. JENNER. You have never been there?

Mr. OLIVER. That is correct.

Mr. JENNER. Have you now given me all the sources of that statement to which the Commission may turn its attention if it has not already done so?

Mr. OLIVER. You are now referring to the marriage of Oswald to the daughter of the Soviet Colonel?

Mr. JENNER. I am referring to the whole sentence beginning, “He was then trained”, and ending “secret police.”

Mr. OLIVER. Did I mention that the adopted father was her uncle, was the uncle of Marina?

Mr. JENNER. I don’t think you called him an adopted father.

You mean in the sense she went to live with him?

Mr. OLIVER. She went to live with him in the capacity of a daughter.

Mr. JENNER. All right. I lost your thought. Would you repeat? You did mention something, you said?

Mr. OLIVER. Did I mention that the colonel in the Soviet military intelligence with whom Marina was living at the time that Oswald married her, was, according to her statement, her uncle?

Mr. JENNER. I don’t think you mentioned that.

Mr. OLIVER. I did not want to intrude any other implication into the record.

Mr. JENNER. No; of course not. Here again the reference to him as her uncle is in turn based on either a newspaper source or a news broadcast or some other secondary source?

Mr. OLIVER. In this case I believe I am relying principally on research done by Mr. Capell.

Mr. JENNER. All right. Also, as a source would be the daily Congressional Record for December 4, 1963, page 22215.

Mr. OLIVER. It is, I think, relevant to the Commission’s inquiries that excerpts published from the diary of this man Oswald indicate two things: First, that he was receiving a salary of approximately 700 rubles from the Russian Government through a Red Cross--Russian Red Cross--cover; and, second, that he was on terms of such intimacy with the colonel in the military intelligence that he could boast of their drinking parties together.

Mr. JENNER. Here, again, your statement is based on what?

Mr. OLIVER. On----

Mr. JENNER. Excuse me, may I amend my question by asking the source of your information?

Mr. OLIVER. Principally certainly research reports from Mr. Capell. I saw, of course, certain excerpts published in the newspapers.

Mr. JENNER. Recently?

Mr. OLIVER. But I am relying principally on Mr. Capell’s research.

Mr. JENNER. You have reference, I assume, I don’t know when it was published, Oswald’s autobiography? Did you see that?

Mr. OLIVER. Not with that title on it. I am thinking of newspaper reports that quoted not more than two or three paragraphs.

Mr. JENNER. I see.

Mr. OLIVER. Containing excerpts from the diary.

Mr. JENNER. But you saw no such newspaper reports of excerpts at or prior to the time you wrote and published this article, did you?

Mr. OLIVER. I believe not; no. I mentioned that as merely pertinent to the scope of your inquiry, as you could find.

Mr. JENNER. Then you go on in your article and say, “In 1962 after he had been trained for 3 years in Russia, the Communist agent and his Communist wife were brought to the United States in open violation of American law by our Communist-dominated State Department.” Now, I take the statement “had been trained for 3 years in Russia,” the sources thereof are the sources you have already mentioned?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. In connection with the previous sentence. What is your source for the statement that he was a Communist?

Mr. OLIVER. A man who can----

Mr. JENNER. If you will forgive an interruption, Doctor----

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. First, tell me the source, I have no objection to your elaborating after you have given the source.

Mr. OLIVER. For the statement that he was a Communist agent, I rely on what I regard as certain inference from, A, his training in this school; B, the circumstance he was a man who had been accorded most extraordinary privileges in Russia; C, that he had been permitted to marry and take with him the adopted daughter of a man in the Russian intelligence service.

Mr. JENNER. Excuse me, sir, are you now using adopted in the technical sense, that the uncle you have identified adopted her?

Mr. OLIVER. I am using it loosely because I for that matter do not know whether there is legal adoption in the Soviet.

Mr. JENNER. I didn’t want you to utter something that you perhaps did not intend.

Mr. OLIVER. No; I was merely reluctant to say “purported father” because that would have another implication. D, that he had been permitted to return to the United States by the Soviet with his wife; E, his activities in the United States after his return, all of which were quite obviously in the Communist interest. I believe that summarizes the principal points on which I based my deduction. It is, of course, true that I had no personal knowledge that he was a Soviet agent.

Mr. JENNER. Now, were the sources of these points A through E, the news reports, Commission Exhibit 1015, the Congressional Record, newspaper clippings, and other secondary sources of that nature?

Mr. OLIVER. Together with, here also, reports from Mr. Capell.

Mr. JENNER. Do you have with you copies of any of the reports of Mr. Capell that you considered?

Mr. OLIVER. No; I do not.

Mr. JENNER. Do you have with you the sources that you considered in connection with making of the statement we have now immediately quoted?

Mr. OLIVER. I beg your pardon, I did not hear your last words.

(The question, as recorded, was read by the reporter.)

Mr. JENNER. That is, the sentence commencing at the bottom of page 13 of Oliver Exhibit No. 2 and concluding at the top of the right-hand column.

Mr. OLIVER. I strongly imagine that most of the details regarding Oswald’s return to this country are to be found in the news clippings here.

Mr. JENNER. In Commission Exhibit No. 1015?

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. And that is the source that you considered?

Mr. OLIVER. That and similar news clippings. I would not want to say they were all in this collection.

Mr. JENNER. I don’t wish to put those words in your mouth either, but those are the sources upon which you base the statement?

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. Does that include the statement that he and his wife “were brought to the United States by our Communist-dominated State Department.”

I am seeking here to emphasize only the point of your statement that they were brought to the United States by the State Department.

Mr. OLIVER. They were brought in the sense that they were given passports and that their passage was paid for with money from the State Department in the sum of something less than $500 as I remember it.

Mr. JENNER. Monies advanced by the State Department. You are aware those monies were repaid?

Mr. OLIVER. I do not know whether they were repaid or not. I believe that I have heard that they were never repaid. But that is something I certainly would not say without a checking.

Mr. JENNER. Well, just for your information they were repaid by January of 1963.

Mr. OLIVER. They were. May I further ask whether it is known from what source they were repaid?

Mr. JENNER. Yes, sir; when the report is published this month you will see it.

Mr. OLIVER. Very good.

Mr. JENNER. Your statement that he was brought back or permitted to come back in open violation of American law is a statement of your opinion only, I take it?

Mr. OLIVER. Of my opinion, based, I believe, on the import of legislation intended to prevent the coming of known Communists to this country.

Mr. JENNER. It is your interpretation of Federal statutes and regulations?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Then you continue in your article in the right-hand column on page 13, “Upon his arrival in this country Oswald took up his duties as an agent of the conspiracy, conspiracy with a cap C, spying on anti-Communist Cuban refugees, serving as an agitator for Fair Play for Cuba, and participating in some of the many other forms of subversion that flourish openly in the defiance of law through the connivance of the Attorney General, Robert F. Kennedy.”

Here again, I take it, your statement that he was an agent and he took up duties as an agent of the conspiracy, was the same source you relied upon in connection with the previous sentence that he was a Communist agent.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes. In the sense that this spying on Cuban refugees could scarcely have had any other purposes. Fair Play for Cuba is very obviously a Communist enterprise.

Mr. JENNER. This statement, in turn, is based on newspaper reports and radio broadcasts or television broadcasts, as the case may be?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes. I should perhaps add, yes; that I heard a personal account in, as I recall, Tulsa, Okla., from a man who was connected with a Cuban group that Oswald tried to infiltrate.

Mr. JENNER. Was that Carlos Bringuier?

Mr. OLIVER. Bringuier, I believe so, yes. And I also heard from the publisher of the Independent American of an attempt by Oswald to obtain employment on that newspaper.

Mr. JENNER. Would you identify that person, please?

Mr. OLIVER. The Independent American is a newspaper published by Kent Courtney, or I should say edited by Kent Courtney, in New Orleans.

It is C-o-u-r-t-n-e-y.

It is largely composed of reprints of editorials and other material from conservative sources in the United States. There is some original material written by either Mr. or Mrs. Courtney.

Mr. JENNER. When you said you heard from the editor, is that gentleman Mr. Courtney?

Mr. OLIVER. That is Mr. Courtney.

Mr. JENNER. And when you say you heard from him was that a conversation or did he send you a copy of his piece or a copy of the article?

Mr. OLIVER. A conversation.

Mr. JENNER. A conversation. Have you seen any article or item he has written or published in which he makes that statement in substance?

Mr. OLIVER. Not that I recall. If so, I saw it after the conversation and I did not remember it separately.

Mr. JENNER. For your information, and Mr. Unger’s, Mr. Bringuier has been examined at very considerable length.

Mr. OLIVER. Mr. whom?

Mr. JENNER. Mr. Bringuier.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes. Did he confirm what he told me?

Mr. JENNER. Doctor, I will give you the pleasure of reading his testimony.

Mr. OLIVER. Very good.

Mr. JENNER. A part of your statement, which I have already quoted, is that Oswald engaged in these activities “through the connivance of the Attorney General, Robert F. Kennedy.”

Upon what source did you rely or base this statement that I have just quoted?

Mr. OLIVER. Primarily the failure to enforce a law of Congress which, incidentally, has been held constitutional, requiring members of the Communist Party to register and, also what seemed to me to be a very conspicuous absence of any other legal measures against the Communist Party or its auxiliaries.

Mr. JENNER. Would you have the record show, Mr. Reporter, that the witness is consulting with Mr. Unger. Do you wish to add anything now?

Mr. OLIVER. No. I take it that the references are to sources that I had at my disposal at the time I wrote this article.

Mr. JENNER. Yes, sir.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. It may be that you have repeated the statement subsequently, and if you have any subsequent sources I wish to have them since the Commission continues to function until it renders its report. That is, you may have discovered something in the meantime that is of a more primary source than you have indicated, which would, of course, be important to the Commission. If you have discovered such a source since then would you please mention it.

Mr. OLIVER. I believe some confirmation of this statement will come out later in the testimony.

Mr. JENNER. I see. At some subsequent point of your article?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. You go on to say, “In April of 1963 he was sent to Dallas where he tried to murder General Walker.”

What is the source of your statement that he was sent to Dallas and by whom?

Mr. OLIVER. That statement is based upon the consideration that it is extremely improbable that a Communist agent would do anything of importance except under orders from his superiors. The extremely rigid discipline to which Communists are subjected in the neophyte stage is, I think, very lucidly set forth by Frank Meyer in his “Molding of Communists,” I believe.

Mr. JENNER. That is a book, is it, or an article?

Mr. OLIVER. A book by Mr. Meyer published several years ago.

Mr. JENNER. And in turn also, this reasoning of yours is based on the assumption that Oswald was a Communist?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. You have mentioned neophyte. Would you for my edification if none other, explain to me what is a neophyte Communist, as distinguished from some other kind of Communist?

Mr. OLIVER. Well, I was simply using the term in its usual sense, with reference to a person recently admitted to a cult or organization under discipline. And Mr. Meyer makes the point that from the very early stages of a person’s membership in the Communist Party, he is accustomed to the kind of discipline which would make it impossible for him, let us say, to marry or divorce, to change jobs, to do anything of sufficient importance to affect his usefulness as an agent without the permission of his superiors. I should say nobody is going to take it for granted when I cite Frank Meyer’s source that is my only source of knowledge of Communist methods. Let me add that I have read a great deal on the organization and operation of the Communist Party and all of that necessarily goes into my reasoning on this subject.

Mr. JENNER. Then you proceed to, and I am quoting again, “The failure does not reflect on the assassin’s professional training: General Walker happened to turn his head at the instant the shot was fired.”

What is the source of your statement that General Walker happened to turn his head at the instant the shot was fired?

Mr. OLIVER. Well, I believe it was published at the time, but there I rely primarily on General Walker himself.

Mr. JENNER. Did General Walker tell you that himself?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. You will be interested in reading his testimony. I take it then it is the statement of General Walker and newspaper accounts?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. And those are your two sources?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes, sir.

Mr. JENNER. You proceed, “according to a story that has been neither confirmed nor denied officially, at the time I write, Oswald was arrested as a suspect but was released through the personal intervention of Robert F. Kennedy and all inquiry into the attempted assassination of a great American was halted.”

And you have a footnote. The footnote reads, “Reprinted in the Councilor, 228 Oil and Gas Building, Shreveport, La., December 20, 1963.”

Do you have a copy of the Councilor to which you have referred in your footnote?

Mr. OLIVER. I do, I believe. Yes; you will find it at the bottom of page 1.

Mr. JENNER. May I mark this as an exhibit, please?

Mr. OLIVER. I should like that returned to me for my files.

Mr. JENNER. That will be easy because we can duplicate this on Xerox very readily.

Mr. OLIVER. Very good. Incidentally, if you want a somewhat better duplication you will find this in this American Eagle reprint, also.

Mr. JENNER. The Commission Exhibit No. 1015 that you have before you?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Would you identify that for me, please?

Mr. OLIVER. You will find it on the page, the rest of which consists of excerpts from the Dallas Morning News, headed in large black pencil 12/6.

Mr. JENNER. And the date, or the heading at the top, boldfaced heading is “Soviet Insinuations call for Query Oswald.” On the bottom right-hand side of the page appears what apparently is a news clipping.

Mr. OLIVER. It is from the Deutsche National Zeitung.

Mr. JENNER. We have been identifying, Mr. Reporter, a page in Commission Exhibit No. 1015. Is that correct?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. I have marked as Oliver Exhibit No. 4 the December 20, 1963, issue of The Councilor volume 2, No. 3, published by Citizens Council of Louisiana, Inc., for Americans everywhere, which Dr. Oliver has produced for me, which I will return to him, or I will return it to you, Mr. Unger, as soon as we have duplicated it.

Mr. OLIVER. Do you not have a file of the papers yourselves?

Mr. JENNER. If we don’t have it it will be a modern miracle. You are asking for my personal knowledge. I must say I don’t know.

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 4 for identification.)

Mr. JENNER. But if we don’t have it, it will amaze me. I, in my work, have not seen it.

I take it then that the Oliver Exhibit No. 4 and the portion of Commission Exhibit No. 1015 which I have identified are the sources for your statement that Oswald was arrested as a suspect in connection with the attempt on the life of General Walker?

Mr. OLIVER. They are the sources for my statement that there was a report that that had happened.

Mr. JENNER. All right. And that General Walker happened to turn his head and for that reason he escaped death.

Mr. OLIVER. Well, as I have said, that was based partly on statements made by General Walker.

Mr. JENNER. And in part on the Zeitung news report, of course?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Also, those two sources, I take it, are the source of your statement that Oswald, “was released through the personal intervention of Robert F. Kennedy.”

Mr. OLIVER. That is part of the statement in the report that I am quoting.

Mr. JENNER. In other words, that the source upon which you base that statement was Oliver Exhibit No. 4, and its reproduction in whole or in part in Commission Exhibit No. 1015?

Mr. OLIVER. And specifically the German text.

Mr. JENNER. Which appears in?

Mr. OLIVER. In those.

Mr. JENNER. In exhibit--Commission Exhibit No. 1015.

Mr. OLIVER. I may add that at my request Mr. Frank Capell ascertained that this article had actually appeared in the National Zeitung.

Mr. JENNER. I am seeking only the sources, whether confirmed by Mr. Capell or otherwise. I now understand they consisted of Oliver Exhibit No. 4, and the reproduction in whole or in part in German in Commission Exhibit No. 1015.

Mr. OLIVER. Of course, subsequently to the publication of my article, confirmation of a kind became available in the reports from the committee hearings reported by Mr. Henshaw in the National Enquirer.

Mr. JENNER. When you say committee hearings you mean the Commission hearings.

Mr. OLIVER. The Commission hearings; yes.

Mr. JENNER. At the time you made the statement, I take it, you had no other source than the two I have indicated plus confirmation from Mr. Capell that the Zeitung article was published?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Would you identify more particularly the subsequent confirmation reference you just made about Mr. Henshaw?

Mr. OLIVER. The chief of the Washington Bureau of the National Enquirer published in the issue of that newspaper for----

Mr. JENNER. If you have a copy of it I would appreciate having it.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; for May 17, 1964, this article with which you are doubtless familiar.

Mr. JENNER. The document to which Dr. Oliver has reference, we will mark as Oliver Exhibit No. 5.

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 5 for identification.)

Mr. JENNER. It is entitled “National Enquirer, the World’s Liveliest Newspaper,” volume 38, No. 36, May 17, 1964, and as submitted to me it consists of pages 1--numbered 1 and 2, pages 15 and 18 and the reverse of those two pages which happen to be unnumbered. I take it, Doctor, that this issue of the National Enquirer dated May 17, 1964, volume 38, No. 36, was composed of additional pages but that none of those additional pages contains any matter upon which you relied in this connection.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Then you go on to say, “In November, Oswald was sent back to Dallas” and I take it your source of his being sent back by the Communist group or conspiracy to which you have reference, was the same as you testified you relied upon in connection with your statement of his having been sent to Dallas in the first place?

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. And I continue the quote, “Where a job in a suitably located building had been arranged for him.” What did you intend to imply by the statement that a suitably--“where a job in a suitably located building had been arranged for him.” Who arranged it and what is the source of your information?

Mr. OLIVER. The statement that this building is suitably located is an inference from the fact that it was, (a) on what proved eventually to be the route of Presidential procession and, (b) that it was one of the very few buildings to be found in any town in which a man on the upper floor could be virtually certain of being unobserved because those upper floors were storage spaces, and the storage spaces so arranged that there would be no clear view from one end of the floor to the other.

Mr. JENNER. I take it the source of your information, that is upon which you base the statement was again newspaper reports or----

Mr. OLIVER. Concerning the building and newspaper reports concerning the arrangement of the job for him, newspaper reports plus reports from Mr. Capell, I believe that is all.

Mr. JENNER. By whom had the job been arranged? What was your source as to that?

Mr. OLIVER. It appears that the intervention which procured the job for him is attributed to a Mrs. Paine. There were----

Mr. JENNER. Mrs. Michael R.; Ruth Paine.

Mr. OLIVER. Ruth Paine; yes. There were some earlier rumors concerning the way in which he obtained the position, but I believe that at the time I wrote those had been superseded by the knowledge that Mrs. Paine had--by the report that Mrs. Paine had given him a very strong recommendation for the job.

Mr. JENNER. What are you advised as to how that took place, Doctor, and when?

Mr. OLIVER. As I recall, it took place 2 or 3 days after Oswald failed to obtain a job in a printing firm whose name does not come to my mind at the moment. He was refused a job there, as I understand it, because he naturally had to present his social security papers which contained his correct name, and the proprietor ascertained that Oswald had Communist connections and, therefore, refused him the position. As I understand it, he got the position in the School Depository, I believe 3 days later.

Mr. JENNER. What is the source of your information?

Mr. OLIVER. Here I believe I rely on Mr. Capell and some confirmation from a number of people in and about Dallas with whom I discussed the matter. However, as I recall, those discussions took place after I wrote the article. I can’t be quite certain but I believe they did.

Mr. JENNER. When you refer to Mr. Capell, I take it you are referring to----

Mr. OLIVER. To Mr. Frank Capell.

Mr. JENNER. Mr. Frank Capell, and in particular to releases or bulletins or writings of his which came to your attention as distinguished from personal conferences?

Mr. OLIVER. I would rely primarily on personal conferences. Mr. Capell is the publisher of a periodical called the Herald of Freedom.

Mr. JENNER. The Herald of Freedom?

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. Where is that published?

Mr. OLIVER. In Staten Island in New York.

Mr. JENNER. Are you a subscriber to the Herald of Freedom, did you say?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; I subscribe to a considerable number of periodicals, in fact too many.

Mr. JENNER. I wouldn’t doubt it.

Mr. OLIVER. But Mr. Capell does serve as a research consultant for me.

Mr. JENNER. But at the time you made the statement as published in your article you were relying on what source and what source alone?

Mr. OLIVER. I would not say on any source alone. There were news reports as to how Oswald had obtained his job. There were further the reports from Mr. Capell and quite possibly some of these conversations with people in Dallas.

Mr. JENNER. When you say people in Dallas, who are they, are they people who had any firsthand knowledge of this?

Mr. OLIVER. Most of them residents of Dallas whom I knew in one way or another in speaking and so on, but none of them had any personal knowledge of the assassination, so far as I know.

Mr. JENNER. My question related to your statement that he was sent in Dallas in November of 1963 where a job in a suitably located building had been arranged for him. Did any of these people purport to have any personal knowledge of that matter?

Mr. OLIVER. Only what they had heard concerning the way in which he obtained his employment; yes.

Mr. JENNER. Their sources, in turn, were newspaper reports and rumors and things of that nature at large in the community.

Mr. OLIVER. I would think so; yes.

Mr. JENNER. Proceeding to page 14, I won’t read all of the paragraph, it begins at the bottom but you just glance at it, you refer to the fact that he shot the President from ambush, and then he escaped and you surmised that he would have reached Mexico but for some mischance and the intervention of Officer Tippit, and you conclude that paragraph with a sentence, “He was accordingly liquidated before he could make a complete confession.” The implication of that sentence is that he was killed, his death was procured by some evil source, being, I take it, the Communist conspiracy or Communist Party to which you have had reference. Am I correct about that?

Mr. OLIVER. That is what I regard as a reasonable inference from the facts; yes.

Mr. JENNER. It was an inference that you drew.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Now you state in the next sentence, “There are many other significant data but I have stated the essentials.” What other significant data are there or were there at the time you made that statement. I might interject as you are pondering that, to a learned man such as you, at the word “data” as you used it meant your sources?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; facts. It would be difficult for me at the moment to remember and reconstruct completely what was in my mind, the list of data there.

Mr. JENNER. Give me the best; just do the best you can, sir.

Mr. OLIVER. However, I would have particularly taken into consideration as significant data the various indications of contacts between Oswald and Rubenstein, known as Ruby, the man who killed him, prior to the assassination. That would include such matters as a statement made by a, should I say, the announcer or director of a program called “Open End.”

Mr. JENNER. Open End?

Mr. OLIVER. Open End, on a local Dallas station--this is not the national program as I understand it--to the effect that he had seen Rubenstein behind the Depository shortly after the assassination. The statement of the owner of a tourist lodging, should we say, in Waco, that a man whom she identified as Oswald had stayed at her place and had been joined by a man whom she identified as Rubenstein. By the statement of a mnemonics expert in Rubenstein’s club that he had seen Oswald.

Mr. JENNER. When you say “club,” you mean the Carousel Club?

Mr. OLIVER. Carousel Club, actually a striptease joint, that he had seen Oswald in the club shortly before and as he later stated the day before the assassination.

Mr. JENNER. Whom did you say this was that made this report?

Mr. OLIVER. This was a man named Bill Crowe.

Mr. JENNER. Crowe?

Mr. OLIVER. C-r-o-w-e.

Mr. JENNER. Where did you see that report or how did you see it?

Mr. OLIVER. That was reported in the press at the time. And was later confirmed by a special interview with him that was published in the National Enquirer.

Mr. JENNER. Do you have that issue of the Enquirer with you?

Mr. OLIVER. I do not but I believe you will find a reference to it in the issue that I have given you there.

Mr. JENNER. That is Oliver Exhibit No. 5?

Mr. OLIVER. That is correct.

Mr. JENNER. Would you locate it for the record, please?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; “The Enquirer traced DeMar, and that is the stage name of this man Bill Crowe to an Evansville, Ind. nightclub and questioned him on April 11. He told our reporter that he had seen Oswald sitting in the Carousel on the night of November 21, the night before Oswald assassinated President Kennedy.” DeMar said “I gave the FBI a statement about seeing Oswald in the club and that was it. I told them the same thing I am telling you. I have signed it and have heard nothing more about the incident to this day.”

Mr. JENNER. Had you read all of the article by, either by, or referring to DeMar from Oliver Exhibit No.----

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; I did finish the excerpt.

Mr. JENNER. What is the number of the Exhibit?

Mr. OLIVER. No. 5. And there were other indications of contacts between Oswald and Rubenstein before the assassination.

Mr. JENNER. And I take it your assumption was at the time you published the article that Rubenstein himself was a Communist agent.

Mr. OLIVER. That seemed a reasonable inference; yes.

Mr. JENNER. And your source of that was the sources you have just indicated?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; plus, of course, the fact that he either executed or murdered Oswald.

Mr. JENNER. Your statement in the right-hand column that “It required a gunman from outside to do the job,” in which you are referring to Rubenstein, was based on what, that is a gunman from outside.

Mr. OLIVER. Well, Rubenstein was not a member of the Dallas police.

Mr. JENNER. I see. Someone other than the member of the Dallas police is what you meant to imply.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. You go on in a subsequent paragraph to say, “As was to be expected a few moments after the shot was fired in Dallas the vermin probably in obedience to general or specific orders issued in advance of the event, began to screech out their disease hatred of the American people and, long after the facts were known to everyone, went on mechanically repeating, like defective phonograph records, the same vicious lies about these ‘radical right’ until fresh orders reached them from headquarters. But the significant fact is that there were enough honest American newsmen, in the United States and abroad, to make it impossible to conceal the conspiracy’s connection with the bungled assassination.”

“That is very encouraging.”

Now, your statement “probably in obedience to general or specific orders issued in advance of the event” I take it that is an inference or an implication you drew from the sources of information already related to us.

Mr. OLIVER. Right, from the rapidity and the concert, both, of these attacks on patriotic Americans.

Mr. JENNER. Yes. This is a conclusion or a deduction on your own part of conclusions you reached from the information sources you have indicated, is that correct, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. I trust that the Commission will inquire into the phenomenal rapidity with which the special bulletin of The Worker was distributed in New York.

Mr. JENNER. Yes, sir; but I would urge you to drop the future tense.

Mr. OLIVER. Very good. I am glad to see that it has been done.

Mr. JENNER. Then commencing on page 15 you say, “There were two basic”--I am reading the first full paragraph--“There are two basic reasons why the American people were shocked and grieved by the assassination. Neither has anything to do with either the personal character of the victim or the identity of the assassin.” Do you find the place?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. And then you relate (1) and (2). I take it that (1) and (2) were conclusions and reasoning to which you resorted, is that correct, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. On the basis, of course, on my knowledge of human history.

Mr. JENNER. Your knowledge of human nature and history and the sources of information you have already told us about?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Were there any others, that is sources?

Mr. OLIVER. No.

Mr. JENNER. Now, we will pass to page 18. There is a column headed “Three Explanations”. Do you find it?

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. It reads in part, “Why was Kennedy murdered by the young Bolshevik? With a little imagination it is easy to excogitate numerous explanations that are not absolutely impossible. For example, (a) Oswald was a madman who acted all alone just to get his name in the papers; (b) Oswald was a poor shot who was really trying to kill Governor Connally or Mrs. Kennedy, and hit the President by mistake; (c) the person killed was not Kennedy but a double and the real Kennedy is now a guest aboard a flying saucer, on which he is heroically negotiating with Martians or Saturnians to save The World, cap ‘T’ cap ‘W’. With a little time and a fairly wide reading in romantic fiction anyone can think of 60 or 70 fantasies as good or better than those that I have mentioned.”

And the next paragraph:

“On the evidence, however, and with the consideration of human probabilities there are only three explanations that are not preposterous, viz:”

To what did you refer when you used the reference “On the evidence.”?

Mr. OLIVER. On the evidence that I had already stated.

Mr. JENNER. You mean that which you have stated here in the course of the testimony?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; and also stated in this article. That is, the evidence that has been stated; my testimony has related to the previous parts of this article.

Mr. JENNER. That is pages 13 through 17 and up to this point on page 18?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. You were using the term “evidence” in the general or loose sense?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes, not in the sense of sworn testimony as a lawyer would use it.

Mr. JENNER. Yes, not in the sense of primary sources, is that correct?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes. Of course, we run into a curious question, the definition of primary sources. There are many modern historians who would list the newspapers, for example, as primary sources.

Mr. JENNER. Depending on their use, yes.

Mr. OLIVER. As distinct from, let us say, textbooks which would be secondary sources. I am here assuming primary sources means some direct positive evidence other than the printed reports, et cetera.

Mr. JENNER. I don’t wish to compromise you, of course. When I use the term “secondary” or “primary” sources I am using it in a sense that a lawyer uses it. Newspaper reports we would generally refer to as secondary sources. We would have to go to the primary source on which the reporter based his article in order to get something in evidence.

If we were trying to prove a general milieu, newspaper accounts as to an atmosphere at a particular time or something of that nature they would be admissible. But as to your sources here, I understand the term secondary sources means newspaper reports, articles or even books on which you retired, as distinguished from personal knowledge.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. I just wanted to be sure this was no misunderstanding of the term.

Mr. JENNER. I don’t wish it misunderstood either. I am not going to read your three suppositions, they are your conclusions rather than statements of fact. I use the word supposition in the sense that I am thinking in terms that they are your conclusions.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Your conclusion first is, and I quote, “Kennedy was executed by the Communist conspiracy because he was planning to turn American.”

What was it, your source of that statement?

Mr. OLIVER. Well, as I have indicated; what I called there the comforting hypothesis that one heard so frequently since Kennedy’s inauguration, and which one still hears, that he had in his mind a secret plan, that his policies and the people with whom he surrounded himself in the opening years of his administration were intended to provide a demonstration of their fatuity and probable disloyalty--the fatuity of the measures and the probable disloyalty of the many persons involved; that he was planning to execute, as I said here, a volte-face and make a dramatic gesture and espouse a policy of national independence instead of “interdependence.”

Mr. JENNER. You follow the statement I have quoted, with this statement, Doctor, “For this comforting hypothesis there is no evidence now known.” As of this moment is there any “evidence now known” to you?

Mr. OLIVER. None that is known to me. So far as I know that is still conjecture and what is sometimes called wishful thinking. I may say if there is any evidence of it I should be very happy to hear it.

Mr. JENNER. Point No. 2 appears in the right-hand column, and I read, “That the assassination was the result of one of the rifts that now infrequently occur----”

Mr. OLIVER. Pardon me, “not infrequently.”

Mr. JENNER. Pardon me--“not infrequently occur within the management of the Communist conspiracy whose satraps sometimes liquidate one another without defecting from the conspiracy, such as Persian satraps.”

Would you read the rest of it, you have a couple of words in there I am not----

Mr. OLIVER. “Just as Persian satraps, such as Tissaphernes and Pharnabazus made war on one another without revolting or intending to revolt against the King of Kings.”

Mr. JENNER. This point No. 2 is as in the case of point No. 1, a rationalization on your part.

Mr. OLIVER. I would prefer to call it deduction on my part.

Mr. JENNER. I will accept the amendment.

You then say, “Now, it was generally suspected for some time before the assassination that Khrushchev and Kennedy were planning to stage another show to bamboozle the American suckers just before the election next November.”

What is your source, if any, for the statement that Khrushchev and Kennedy were planning, as you put it, another show?

Mr. OLIVER. The frequent reports of preparations for an invasion of Cuba planned, it would seem, to substitute for Castro a less-well-known Communist.

Mr. JENNER. Here again this was a statement of deduction on your part?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. From newspaper accounts and radio broadcasts and general information that was abroad?

Mr. OLIVER. General information, rumors you pick up, what you are told by various analysts and so on.

Mr. JENNER. Would you turn to 3 which appears on page 20? This is your third deduction, I gather:

“That the conspiracy ordered the assassination as part of a systematic preparation for a domestic takeover. If so, the plan, of course, was to place the blame on the ‘rightwing extremists’ (if I may use the Bolshevik’s code word for informed and loyal Americans), and we may be sure that a whole train of “clues” had been carefully planted to lead or point in that direction as soon as Oswald was safe in Mexico.”

What was the source of that statement in your article?

Mr. OLIVER. This again is deduction.

Mr. JENNER. From the sources you have already related in your testimony?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. You then in the right-hand column proceed to discuss “two objections to this explanation” and I interpolate, “but neither is cogent”. You continue on then with deduction again, do you, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Based on the same sources?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. I notice that three-quarters of the way down in the right-hand column on page 20 you state, “For that matter, a potentially serious and quite unnecessary mistake was made when the Communist Party’s official publication, The Worker, yelled for the appointment of Earl Warren to investigate ‘the assassination’ before (italicized) the appointment was made, or at least, before the appointment was disclosed to the public.”

I take it that statement was based on some news report?

Mr. OLIVER. On the actual publication in The Worker of this article calling for the appointment of Warren.

Mr. JENNER. I know we have that.

Mr. OLIVER. I am sure you must have. It is a well-known publication.

Mr. JENNER. Yes. But the statement I have just read was based upon that issue of The Worker to which you have now made reference.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. You made a deduction from that fact of publication?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Proceed to page 21. The lower right-hand corner of page 21 commences a paragraph the first few words of which or the first sentence of which reads “Careful observers were aware of the feeling of crisis in conspiratorial circles before the assassination.”

On what was that statement based, or to be more accurate what was the source from which you made that deduction, if it is one.

Mr. OLIVER. My conversations with fairly numerous observers of the conspiracy and its operations in this country.

Mr. JENNER. Are you using “conspiracy” in a general sense rather than a particular conspiracy directed toward this event?

Mr. OLIVER. The Communist conspiracy as a whole; yes.

Mr. JENNER. You then go on to state what appears to be a statement of fact or you represent it to be.

“In June of 1963 an experienced American military man made a careful analysis of the situation at that time, and in his highly confidential report concluded, on the basis of indications in Communist and crypto Communist sources, that the conspiracy’s schedule called for a major incident to create national shock before Thanksgiving.”

Who is that experienced American military man to whom you had reference?

(Conferring with counsel.)

Mr. OLIVER. The observer mentioned there is Col. Chesley Clark, retired.

Mr. JENNER. Clark.

Mr. OLIVER. C-l-a-r-k, of the American Air Force.

Mr. JENNER. Did he publish--this is a new name to me--did he publish something on which you rely in making that statement?

Mr. OLIVER. This he told me not with a pledge that it was confidential, but with the implication that I would not disclose his name in a publication. I see no bar to disclosing it for the purpose of these hearings. If I may say, his estimates were made entirely from, what should we say, experience in psychological warfare and in reading the indications in the sequence of events and the form the propaganda was taking, and that he obviously had not, so far as I know, no inside information.

Mr. JENNER. This conversation or conversations that you had had with Colonel Clark, did it or they occur between the time of the assassination and the time of the publication of your article?

Mr. OLIVER. No, before the assassination, I am sure. I would say perhaps--it is hard to recollect but I would say a month or 6 weeks before.

Mr. JENNER. I take it, I don’t even like to say this because I don’t want you to take it wrong, certainly there was nothing in Colonel Clark’s statement to you, sir, that carried any implication of any anticipation of a possible assassination of President Kennedy?

Mr. OLIVER. No. Of a, however--it did astutely anticipate some event that would create a national shock.

Mr. JENNER. When I say I hesitate to say it but I know what you would have done, I think I know what you would have done, had there been any implication, you would have alarmed the authorities.

Mr. OLIVER. There was no----

Mr. JENNER. I am correct about that, am I not?

Mr. OLIVER. You are correct about that. The nature of the event that would create this shock was, of course, necessarily speculative.

Mr. JENNER. All right. Then you discuss the feeling of men like you, that there was some crisis about to take place, and this feeling was communicated to you by men like Colonel Clark and others?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Who felt that the Communist conspiracy as you call it had reached a point at which it needed some shocking event.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Or as you say at the bottom of page 21 and the top of page 22, “The conspiracy’s schedule called for a major incident to create a national shock before Thanksgiving.”

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. At the bottom of page 22, right-hand column, you say: “In summary then, there is not a single indication that the conspiracy did not plan and carry out the assassination of President Kennedy. On the other hand, there is evidence which very strongly suggests that it did.”

Would you please relate what evidence there was at the time you published the article which “very strongly suggests that it did.”

Mr. OLIVER. You begin with the fact that the assassin was a Communist and added the strong probability, in my judgment, that he must have had accomplices, very, very probably including Rubenstein.

Then the results which would have occurred but for the mischance of Oswald’s apprehension would have been very strongly in their favor. It is the old doctrine of Sui Bono. In substance the considerations that I have stated in the earlier part of the article indicating that (a) there undoubtedly was Communist participation and (b) that the act was to their advantage.

Mr. JENNER. Here again then I take it that your use of the word “evidence” in the portion I have quoted from your paper, at the bottom of the right-hand column of page 22 is the use of the word in the loose sense or the broad sense.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. The broad sense meaning deductions from the sources you have indicated in your testimony?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Would you glance at page 23 with a view in mind of my inquiring of you as to whether the statements made on that page likewise are deductions based on the sources you have indicated heretofore in your testimony?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Is that likewise true of page 24?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. At the bottom of page 24, the right-hand column you say:

“The first expedient was primarily defensive. In a hasty and thus far successful attempt to thwart an investigation by legally constituted authorities, the Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security and the attorney general of the State of Texas, both of whom had already announced their determination to conduct an impartial inquiry, an illegal and unconstitutional ‘special commission’ was improvised with the obvious hope that it could be turned into a Soviet-style Kangaroo court. The best known members of this packed ‘commission’,” and then you give some vignettes of the various members of the commission.

I am not seeking to probe into your thinking on the subject. You have a right to think whatever you do think, and the right of free speech and publication permits you to publish. As I told Mr. Unger yesterday I was seeking only sources.

What is the source of that statement?

Mr. UNGER. Pardon me, just a minute for interjecting but what relevancy does that have on the inquiry into the death of either President Kennedy or----

Mr. JENNER. It has this relevancy. The doctor is implying in the statement I have quoted that the creation of the Commission was part of a conspiracy, as he puts it, to prevent effective investigation into the assassination of the President by the Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security and the attorney general of the State of Texas, with the appointment of a commission.

Mr. OLIVER. Let me confer for just a second.

(Conferring with counsel.)

Mr. UNGER. We think under the circumstances that that is beyond the right of the Commission to inquire and beyond the scope of this hearing and, therefore, the witness on my recommendation declines to answer.

Mr. JENNER. All right. Was this statement other than deduction on your part?

Mr. UNGER. Well, the same objection. I think if you were to just go through a list of other than you would eventually arrive at the same objectionable conclusion. So we object to that.

Mr. JENNER. All right. What were your sources upon which you based this statement?

Mr. UNGER. Same objection.

Mr. JENNER. Did you have any sources other than the sources you have indicated in your testimony up to the moment?

Mr. UNGER. Same objection.

Mr. JENNER. Was the paragraph I read deduction only or did you have some source on which you relied.

Mr. UNGER. The same objection. Let me say for the record that, despite the hurt feelings of the members of the Commission, I don’t believe they have a proper right to inquire into attacks that were made upon them. I can’t see any relevancy at all to that.

Mr. JENNER. I do wish to say for the record that the Commission, no member of the Commission, has any hurt feelings whatsoever with respect to this article or any statement in it.

On page 26 you state:

“One writer has recently suggested that it was the CIA that arranged the assassination of President Kennedy; I know of no evidence to support that opinion. But obviously Mr. Dulles’ CIA is open to suspicion.”

Who is the writer to which you have reference?

Mr. OLIVER (conferring with counsel). I do not recall. I wrote this, of course, in December, I wouldn’t want to recall now who said it. I have the impression that this was in some one of the innumerable magazine articles about the assassination of the President but I would not want to say which one.

Mr. JENNER. All right. Did I gather from your response that your article was written in December of 1963?

Mr. OLIVER. It was--I did most of the work in that during the Christmas vacation which, of course, would run into January.

Mr. JENNER. Well, except for the runover into January the article was prepared by you in December, in the Christmas holiday period, school holiday period which commences, well, usually around December 20 and runs over into New Year’s Day?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; I very unwillingly sacrificed my holiday which I needed for a quite different purpose. I do not exclude the possibility that I might possibly have made some changes by telephone, but I do not recall any. I wouldn’t want to swear that I did not, however.

Mr. JENNER. I take it then that after you prepared the article during the Christmas holidays you submitted it to American Opinion for publication?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; sent it in.

Mr. JENNER. You may have made some telephone changes or editorial modifications?

Mr. OLIVER. I would not want to swear that I had not, I do do that sometimes.

Mr. JENNER. But they were not of a character that you can recall at the moment?

Mr. OLIVER. No.

Mr. JENNER. Commencing in the right-hand column on page 26 you relate a series of numbered paragraphs, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, to the conclusion of the article on page 28. Do you have those?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Are those deductions rather than statements based on newspaper or other sources of the nature and character you have already related?

Mr. OLIVER (conferring with counsel). Those are deductions.

Mr. JENNER. May I call your attention to the footnote on page 27 which reads:

“I understand that full report on this and other known activities of Rubenstein will probably appear in a future issue of the Herald of Freedom, Box 333, Staten Island 1, N.Y.” Do we have that?

Mr. OLIVER. That is the Herald of Freedom to which I have already referred as being a publication edited by Mr. Frank Capell.

Mr. JENNER. Do you happen to have this particular issue with you?

Mr. OLIVER. I believe I do. Yes; the issue, of course, was still in the future at the time that I wrote----

Mr. JENNER. You indicate that clearly in your article.

Mr. OLIVER. And consequently the report is not so full as I had perhaps anticipated.

Mr. JENNER. I take it when you say the issue was in the future that the essential aspects of the issue had been communicated to you by Mr. Capell?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. You will find the references to Rubenstein on, I believe, pages 2 and 3 rather than the first page, if I recall correctly.

Mr. JENNER. All right. We will mark as Oliver Exhibit No. 6, an issue of the Herald of Freedom, volume 4, No. 12, January 17, 1964, and the reference, Dr. Oliver, that you have, would you locate that for the record, please?

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 6 for identification.)

Mr. OLIVER. The reference to Rubenstein begins at the bottom of the second column on page 2, and runs into the first column on page 3, and then there are some addenda which are more or less pertinent to the subject although they do not mention Rubenstein. I had anticipated a considerably fuller report of Rubenstein’s activities.

Mr. JENNER. Is the issue of the Herald of Freedom, volume 4, No. 12, January 17, 1964, now marked Oliver Exhibit No. 6, one of the sources upon which you relied in preparing your article, and one of the sources upon which you have relied in making your subsequent talks?

Mr. OLIVER. No; the issue itself was not published until after I wrote the article. The information contained in it as communicated to me by Mr. Capell, with some additions, was the information on which I relied when I wrote that footnote, and paragraph to which it is appended.

Mr. JENNER. You are a lecturer, are you not?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. And you have--you have journeyed about the country during which you have made lectures dealing with the subject matter of your article in American Opinion and such additional matters as have come to your attention since then?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. In making and giving those lectures, have you relied on Oliver Exhibit No. 6 as one of your sources?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. What other documents have you brought with you in addition to those you have produced or identified upon which you relied in preparing your article in American Opinion?

Mr. OLIVER. Oh, I have a miscellaneous collection of such things as I could find on short notice.

Mr. JENNER. Why don’t you relate them into the record.

Mr. OLIVER. We are still on the subject of the article?

Mr. JENNER. Yes, sir.

Mr. OLIVER. I have here a clipping from the Rocky Mountain News of this month noting that the CIA has been found giving money to the J. M. Kaplan fund. And many clippings like that. It would take--I have photostats, for example, from reports of the Dies committee identifying Rubenstein, one or more persons named Jacob or Jack Rubenstein, as active in Communist organizations. The most significant one, of course, is the one in which a Jack Rubenstein appears as an organizer in one of the Communist youth movements. If this man has given his age correctly he would have been 19 at the time which would make him just right for a youth movement.

Mr. JENNER. Are you associating the Jack Rubenstein mentioned in that article with the Jack Rubenstein who is now charged and been found guilty of the murder of Oswald?

Mr. OLIVER. I am using that as the basis for my contention that that should be investigated.

Mr. JENNER. In view of that could I see the article, please? I think we had probably better identify it.

Mr. UNGER. Let me say a copy of Martin Dies’ article is in the same issue of American Opinion for March that you have already used as an Exhibit.

Mr. JENNER. Would you identify the page number?

Mr. OLIVER. Let me look at it.

Mr. JENNER. Is that Oliver Exhibit No. 1 you are looking at?

Mr. OLIVER. Oliver Exhibit No. 1 contains on pages 1 through 10 an article by Congressman Martin Dies on the assassination in which he raised the question of the identity of Jacob or Jack Rubenstein.

Mr. JENNER. Was that article available to you at the time you wrote your article which was published in the same issue? That is part II.

Mr. OLIVER. Not the finished typewritten text of the article but the contents of it; yes.

Mr. UNGER. Excuse me, can I interrupt for just a minute?

(Discussion off the record.)

Mr. JENNER. Referring to your article, did you rely on any source that we may describe as being a confidential source as distinguished from public sources, that is, various published matters?

Mr. OLIVER. In this entire article?

Mr. JENNER. Yes, sir.

Mr. OLIVER. No; except as I have said, I had the estimate made by Colonel Clark which could be regarded as semiconfidential.

Mr. JENNER. And you have so indicated already.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Do you recall being interviewed either by telephone or personally by an agent of the FBI on the 2d of September, 1964, that is last week, I guess, wasn’t it, or this week?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Last week.

Mr. OLIVER. September what?

Mr. JENNER. September 2.

Mr. OLIVER. That would be right; yes.

Mr. JENNER. It is reported to us you stated and I will quote “that all of” I interpolate the pronouns “that all of his material used in his articles was obtained by him from public sources and he added that he had no confidential sources.”

Mr. OLIVER. I believe that I was referring specifically to the speech concerning which they inquired and not to the articles.

Mr. JENNER. That was the speech that you made on the evening of August 28 at the Santa Ana Valley High School?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. Do I properly infer from that response of yours that you had sources, one or more, for your article, that was or were other than public sources----

Mr. OLIVER. No; I merely am trying to keep the record clear by stating the FBI people, I believe, spoke to me only about the speech.

Mr. JENNER. I see. This report of the FBI, if directed to your article in American Opinion would be equally applicable to it?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes. With, of course, the exceptions that I have already mentioned, Colonel Clark, reports from----

Mr. JENNER. With whatever exceptions you have already placed on record in this examination.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right.

Mr. JENNER. The report of your Santa Ana Valley High School speech on the evening of August 28, 1964, at least as reported in the Washington Post, on page 19, the issue dated August 30, 1964, purports to quote you as having said, “I don’t know whether Oswald was paid by the CIA or by the Soviet secret police--and it is just a matter of bookkeeping anyway.” Did you make that statement in the course of your speech to the Santa Ana Valley High School audience?

Mr. OLIVER. Not in that form, and not in all probability in the context in which I am quoted there.

In the speech I referred to a book which I believe is on your desk written by a Mr. Joesten, Joachim Joesten; entitled “Oswald: Assassin or Fall Guy?” in which, in the course of many arguments intended to prove or suggest that Oswald was “framed” by wicked American conservatives, he makes much of Oswald’s supposed connection with the CIA. In my speech I made the point that if it were established that Oswald was in the employ of the CIA that would not by any means exclude the possibility that he was also in the employ of the Soviet and that therefore the argument in the book is completely fallacious. I think I can tell you precisely what I did say.

Mr. JENNER. Thank you, sir. By the way, do you have a copy of that speech? I spoke to your counsel and he thought you might have one.

Mr. OLIVER. I have my one copy and I may say that this speech consists of 39 and a little more typed pages including 2 or 3 inserts here and there----

Mr. JENNER. You might find that section dealing with this precise subject.

Mr. OLIVER. And that the first 27 pages deal with questions of the impression produced on the public mind by shownmanship.

Mr. JENNER. Excuse me, what do you mean by that, Doctor?

Mr. OLIVER. I mean the ease with which many people confuse actors with the roles they play and so carry from a performance an impression that it has a reality that it did not have.

Actually, I start out by pointing out that whenever anybody goes into a theater to see Hamlet for example, he more or less consciously tells himself that he is going into that theater to undergo an illusion. He knows perfectly well the actors are not Hamlet, and the other characters are feigned--that in real life the actors may not resemble the characters they impersonate at all, and so on.

And then I took up the whole question of the socialist mentality as exhibited in history. I made some comments on the letters of objurgation that I had received, for I was still illustrating that mentality, and I spoke briefly about the general suppositions of the people called “liberal intellectuals.” I did not begin to discuss the facts of the assassination until late on page 27.

In other words, more than two-thirds of my speech dealt with these general--of my pitch, dealt with these general considerations.

Now, the particular passage from which that quotation was taken begins on page 26:

Mr. JENNER. Would you read it into the record, please?

Mr. OLIVER. This entire passage?

Mr. JENNER. Is it very long?

Mr. OLIVER. It is approximately three typewritten pages.

Mr. JENNER. Why don’t you go ahead and read it.

Mr. OLIVER. “The second propaganda line is the one that I mentioned in the February issue of American Opinion when I was not certain that the Bolsheviks would dare to use the United States as they were then using it elsewhere in the world. You will find that line set forth in a book by one Joachim Joesten, who claims to be a Dane who migrated to Soviet Russia and later to the United States. It is entitled ‘Oswald: Assassin or Fall Guy?’ And it is published by a publishing house headed by Aldo Marzani whom you may know better under one of his aliases as Tony Wales or Whales.

“He was identified as a member of the Communist Party when he was employed in our super secret ‘intelligence’ organization, the OSS, and in the State Department. Of course there was no conflict of interest there. I can’t remember whether it was under his alias or under his own name that he served a term in prison for perjury. So you see the book comes from an appropriate source. If you have any doubts remaining just note the same firm also publishes puke on Americans excreted by one Stanley or Sammy Steiner, writing under the alias of Mike Newberry. Stanley also writes for the Communist Worker. The book ‘Oswald: An Assassin or Fall Guy’ contains a few preposterous fantasies but for the most part it operates by taking the facts that are publicly known and simply turning them upside down. That way you see they will look just right to liberal intellectuals.”

Mr. JENNER. By the way, he uses--would he be classified as a liberal by most people or does he claim to be?

Mr. OLIVER. I think he tries to give that----

Mr. JENNER. I am curious now.

Mr. OLIVER. My opinion is that of the people who read that book perhaps 75 percent will say to themselves this man is a great liberal, a believer in civil rights, et cetera. And a champion of the underdog.

“It starts, for example, with the strange detour in the Presidential procession that made Kennedy an easy mark for a marksman in the Book Depository--to which, I believe, I was the first to draw attention. But the author argues that a sweet little Communist like Oswald couldn’t possibly have known about it, much less had the target set up for him. Poor little fellow. The detour must have been arranged so that the nasty rightwing extremists could frame him for the assassination.

“And the book makes much of the possible activities of our Central Intelligence Agency. This is designed for readers who have memories so poor that they will not recall the long list of events from the fake invasion of Cuba known as Operation Judas because it betrayed the anti-Communist Cubans into the hands of Castro, to the recent assassinations in Vietnam in which our Central Intelligence Agency with its army of 17 to 40 thousand faceless agents and the billions of dollars with which you taxpayers supply it every year, has evidently done the work of the Soviet Secret Police. It is designed for readers who will not remember that a defector from the Soviet Secret Police has sworn that his colleagues in the Central Intelligence Agency used your money directly to subsidize, (a) the Soviet Secret Police; (b) the official Communist Party in Italy; and (c) the official Communist Party in the United States.”

I should interpolate that this is obviously a reference to Lieutenant Colonel Goleniewski.

Mr. JENNER. Whom you have heretofore identified?

Mr. OLIVER. Pardon me?

Mr. JENNER. Whom you have heretofore identified, or at least you made reference to him earlier in the afternoon?

Mr. OLIVER. I do not recall that.

“On the contrary, the author of this incredible hogwash like the authors of some other books recently published expects you to believe that the CIA is a rightwing organization probably run by the John Birch Society. I do not know whether Oswald was paid by the CIA, but I hear that there was testimony before the Warren Commission that he was. There would be nothing improbable in that. The CIA worked for Castro in Cuba before he came to power.”

And I will interpolate here that that is a reference primarily to the testimony of Ambassador Earl Smith before the Senate Internal Security Subcommittee, and also a reference to the testimony of the elected president of Cuba who was driven from Cuba by Castro, and there are some further indications of some significance in at least the second edition of Nathaniel Weyl’s “Red Star Over Cuba,” and still further indications in a recent book that apologizes for the CIA’s fiasco in Cuba and at the same time criticizes them rather severely. I am sorry, the names do not come to my mind at the moment; the authors are two newsmen, I believe, both of them with New York newspapers.

Possibly one from the Times and one from the Herald Tribune. It is just a vague impression.

“It is believed to have instigated and financed the Communist smear against General Walker.” I interpolate here and refer to the----

Mr. JENNER. When you say interpolate, you mean the source from which----

Mr. OLIVER. Yes, I am now interpolating from my speech, text of my speech, to say in making that statement I was relying on the considerations that the Central Intelligence Agency may be operating Inter-national Media, the publishers of the “Oversexed Weekly,” as it is generally called, “Overseas Weekly” as it appears on the masthead, the three editions of Drum in Africa, and some other publications. That is partly based on the identity of a stockholder and officer of this supposed corporation with an officer in the fictitious corporation that was set up to cover Radio Swan.

Mr. JENNER. Cover what?

Mr. OLIVER. Radio Swan, which has since been admitted to be a CIA operation.

I then continue, “They contrived and financed the assassination of anti-Communists in other parts of the world, notably General Trujillo in the Dominican Republic.”

That is based--I interpolate now,--that is based primarily on the assertions of General Espaillat in his book “Trujillo, the Last of the Caesars.”

I may say at the time of the assassination of General Trujillo I referred from the facts that the only people who could have arranged it were either the CIA or the Soviet secret police.

Then I continue. “And there seems to be no good reason for supposing that it could not use your money to carry out assassinations in the Communist interest in the country.”

Mr. JENNER. The “it” is what, CIA?

Mr. OLIVER. CIA.

Mr. JENNER. Is that a conclusion you reach or is that based--what is your source of that statement?

Mr. OLIVER. Well, that is a conclusion that I reach primarily on the grounds that if you carry out assassinations abroad you may carry them out at home, and secondarily on the suspicions which obviously can be no more than suspicions, concerning the death of Povl Bang-Jensen.

Mr. JENNER. I will ask you who is he, in my ignorance I will ask you if you can identify him?

Mr. OLIVER. He is the member of the United Nations staff who attempted to communicate to the Central Intelligence Agency the names of certain Soviet agents in the United Nations who were, (A) willing to defect, in fact eager to do that; and (B) willing to identify agents of the Soviet Secret Police in the State Department and CIA. He is reported to have communicated his information in confidence to an officer of the CIA and very shortly thereafter he met his death in what was called a suicide although most improbably such. The CIA is reported to have been shadowing him at the time of his death.

On those principal data, my statement here is an inference. If they can assassinate General Trujillo in the Dominican Republic there is nothing impossible about their doing something similar on American soil.

I continued. “But what Joesten’s poisonous book is trying to tell its readers--and I warn you this is the kind of topsy turvy propaganda is certain to convince liberal intellectuals is that Kennedy was really assassinated by the wicked Fascist police of Dallas, Texas, who then framed sweet little Oswald to conceal their crime. And the author all but says outright that those awful ‘Fascist’ police are agents of the John Birch Society and General Walker.” I think that is sufficient.

Mr. JENNER. As I recall, I am not attempting to quote this, all I did was make a cryptic note, somewhere, in what you have just read the substance is “But I hear that he was” that is, that he was paid by the CIA. Would you find that spot in your quote?

Mr. OLIVER. The exact quotation is, “I do not know whether Oswald was paid by the CIA but I hear there was testimony before the Warren Commission that he was.”

Mr. JENNER. And from what source, on what source did you base the statement that you heard that there was testimony before the Warren Commission that he was?

Mr. OLIVER. Principally, although not exclusively, an article, again by Henshaw in the National Enquirer at about the time that Earl Warren made his statement that the findings would not be released during the lifetime of the people then living.

Mr. JENNER. If you will pardon my correcting you, even that newspaper account didn’t say that the Chief Justice said that the findings of the Commission would not be released.

Mr. OLIVER. That the “full truth” wasn’t that it?

Mr. JENNER. I think not. It will be quoted in the report. This occurred a long time ago, and I have forgotten just what it was.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes, this is in the National Enquirer for March 3, 1964.

Mr. JENNER. Could I identify that and then return it to you when we have made a copy?

That is either a photostat or a Xerox reprint that is marked Oliver Exhibit No. 7. It is entitled--The particular article by John Henshaw, “Washington Pipeline by John Henshaw,” and then the heading is “Moscow plotted JFK assassination--U.S. Government financed Oswald,” place-lined Washington, D.C.

Does that summarily describe the exhibit?

Mr. OLIVER. Right.

Mr. JENNER. And that is your source?

Mr. OLIVER. That is my primary source, and I believe the first source; the statement picked up elsewhere in the press. Of course this is supported.

Mr. JENNER. Is what, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. This is supported by the longer article by Mr. Henshaw that has already been placed in the record as Exhibit No. 5.

Mr. JENNER. Oliver Exhibit No. 5?

Mr. OLIVER. Wherein it is stated that the reason given either as an explicit statement or by implication for intervening to prevent the Dallas police from arresting Rubenstein and Oswald for the attempted murder of General Walker was that they were agents of the Central Intelligence Agency--which you see confirms the statement in the earlier report.

Mr. JENNER. Now, the news item to which I referred, that is the Washington Post of August 30, 1964, page 19, also states that “Oliver also said that under orders from Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara the Army ‘began to rehearse for the funeral more than a week before the funeral.’” Would you find that, please, in your speech in which you made reference to that subject?

Mr. OLIVER. I may say that is typical of the kind of so-called journalism practiced by the Washington Post and similar publications. In the course of my speech----

Mr. JENNER. Would you identify the pages if they are numbered?

Mr. OLIVER. On typewritten page, beginning on typewritten page 12, going through to approximately the middle of page 16 and including a little insert 13-A, I discussed the effect of theatrical performances on the human mind, and the way in which illusions may be carried over from the performance to reality. I begin by using a performance of Hamlet as an illustration, analyzing what happens there. In the following paragraph I elaborate on the point that “A great many naive and unreflective people do confuse actors with the roles they play in the performances.”

And I illustrate that with a story which I hope was amusing about an acquaintance of mine who witnessed a brawl in a tavern between two men, one of whom was convinced that an actress who played effectively the role of the pure and virginal heroine must be pure and virginal herself.

I then went on and using a slightly different illustration but developing the same point, I mentioned a television show about a character called Superman, and what was told to me by a vice president of the corporation that wrote and produced the show, to wit, that although this being was represented as a person who could leap a hundred feet in the air, and could bend a railroad rail with his hands, nevertheless many of the viewers thought that he was real and wrote letters to him asking for his help.

And I then went on.

Mr. JENNER. Shades of Orson Welles.

Mr. OLIVER. Except that I believe these letterwriters were not financed so far as I know.

Mr. JENNER. I did not mean to imply that.

Mr. OLIVER. I then went on “As another example of the ease with which illusions are induced, let us take one detail in the really spectacular show that was put on at the funeral of President Kennedy. That was a mass performance which for sheer technical virtuousity certainly deserves to rank with such spectacles in the cinema as Cleopatra and Ben Hur. Now, I made it a point to talk to many people who had seen that spectacle on television, and I found that all of them very firmly believed that the caparisoned horse named ‘Black Jack’ in the procession belonged to Mrs. Kennedy and was her favorite mount. That is entirely false.

“As most of you may not know for the national press never reported it, the headquarters detachment of our Army under orders from McNamara’s office began to rehearse for the funeral more than a week before the assassination, and ‘Black Jack’ was an old army horse who was selected at the time of the first rehearsal for the role that he played in the real performance. Incidentally, he was a horse who had never been broken to the saddle and consequently never ridden by anyone. That is what was specifically said by the commander of that detachment when he told his hometown newspaper about the rehearsals.” Perhaps I should add that I did not hear of that statement for several days and by the time that I tried to reach him by telephone the commander had been transferred to somewhere in Germany. I mention “Black Jack” and the impression created on television merely as an example of the attention to detail that makes great and impressive performances.”

In other words, in my speech I am pointing out that the impression conveyed to these many viewers whom I interviewed, and so far as I know, to all viewers; was that this horse was the horse of Mrs. Kennedy, whereas it was an army horse.

Mr. JENNER. Upon what source did you rely in making the statement that the special detachment to which you refer began to rehearse for the funeral a week before the assassination?

Mr. OLIVER. I relied primarily on the interview given by Captain Cloy to the Jackson, Miss., Clarion-Ledger.

Mr. JENNER. Do you have a copy of that?

Mr. OLIVER. On the 21st of February, 1964.

Mr. JENNER. May I mark it? We will have an exhibit number on it.

I have marked as Oliver Exhibit No. 8 a photostatic reprint of an article headlined “A lot to remember, McComb Army officer big part in Kennedy funeral” by Kenneth Tolliver, and in the center is written, I assume, in--is that your handwriting, the black lettering?

Mr. OLIVER. Mrs. Oliver’s, I believe, which picks up the words “Clarion-Ledger” from the next reproduction.

Mr. JENNER. For purposes of reproduction, it reads, “Jackson, Mississippi, Clarion-Ledger, February 21, 1964.” I take it, sir, that the clipping, I guess this is an actual clipping pasted on here, the upper portion, in any event is either the clipping or a reproduction of it upon which you relied?

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 8 for identification.)

Mr. OLIVER. This is a reproduction of the clipping.

Mr. JENNER. Would you show me where in that clipping it says in any respect whatsoever that Captain Cloy made the statement that he and his unit were rehearsing for the funeral of President Kennedy a week in advance of the assassination?

Mr. OLIVER. My first knowledge of the rehearsal came from a letter that I received from someone in Arlington, or Alexandria, informing me that the Army had rehearsed the funeral more than a week before the funeral, I think, I cannot be sure.

Mr. JENNER. The funeral was on Monday, the 25th of November.

Mr. OLIVER. And I would not say that I discounted the letter. I appreciated it, as I appreciate all efforts to give me information. On the other hand, I did not follow it up partly because I was very busy, and partly because I thought it entirely possible that what had been witnessed was some other Army exercise that could easily have been mistaken for a rehearsal of the funeral.

Consequently, I put it aside, and I am afraid I really dropped it from my mind until I received this clipping from the Clarion-Ledger a number of days after it had been published. I wouldn’t want to say how many now.

Mr. JENNER. But you had it prior to your speech at the Santa Ana Valley High School?

Mr. OLIVER. Oh, yes; quite some time before that.

Mr. JENNER. And before you prepared the speech, part of which you have read?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. And that confirmed the statement that a funeral had been rehearsed.

Mr. JENNER. Yes; but not President Kennedy’s.

Mr. OLIVER. But it turned out to be that.

Mr. JENNER. The only point I am making, Doctor, is that you will notice in the article that what Captain Cloy says is not what you state in your speech he said, but rather that before the assassination his special unit had been rehearsing for the anticipated possible funeral of President Hoover who was then ill.

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. He said, “We were in a state of readiness and had just finished a funeral rehearsal because there was grave concern for President Hoover’s health”.

Mr. JENNER. That is not rehearsal for a funeral of President Kennedy a week in advance either of the funeral or of the assassination, is it?

Mr. OLIVER. Capt. Richard C. Cloy states that the conduct of the President’s funeral is in accordance with orders that cover 160 pages. He implies----

Mr. JENNER. Those are standing orders.

Mr. OLIVER. Presumably, and he implies that all funerals are conducted in the same way. And he goes on to speak of difficulties that his men encountered and how they performed, and that although his command was ready for the state funeral, the actual site of the burial was not known until the day before the ceremony, and so on. The point I was making was that the show was a rehearsed show, and I do not believe that I say that on----

Mr. JENNER. I think if you will read it again, sir, there is a clear implication, if not express statement on your part, that his unit began to rehearse for the funeral a week ahead. Would you read that sentence again, or that series of clauses?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; “The headquarters detachment of our Army under orders from McNamara’s office began to rehearse for the funeral more than a week before the assassination.”

Mr. JENNER. Yes; now, that clear implication is that the unit was rehearsing for President Kennedy’s funeral because they knew there was going to be a funeral.

Mr. OLIVER. Oh, no; that is not the implication. I certainly would not imply that the unit knew it, because Cloy states specifically that they did not. They were told that it was a rehearsal for the anticipated demise of President Hoover.

Mr. JENNER. Is it in your implication then, sir, in your speech, that somebody else or some agency, somebody else connected with the Government of the United States or some agency of the Government of the United States, including the Army, Navy, Air Corps, Marines, wherever they may be, anticipated the assassination of the President a week in advance and directed the unit to begin preparing for the funeral?

Mr. OLIVER. No; that is not my implication. If you raise a question it would be an interesting one for you to investigate; yes.

Mr. JENNER. Well, we wish to investigate anything that you readily seek to imply, and to some, at least, and frankly to me, that sentence that you have just read carries the clear implication that President Kennedy’s assassination was anticipated by somebody in the Government service or Government-connected, and the unit, Captain Cloy’s unit was told to begin rehearsing for a funeral, the pretext being the funeral or possible funeral of President Hoover, whereas those who directed it had specifically in mind the assassination of President Kennedy, is that what you intended to imply?

Mr. OLIVER. That is not what I intended to imply in this passage here.

But it is certainly an inference that could be drawn from the facts; yes, I mean it is a possibility.

Mr. JENNER. In fairness to yourself and others possibly involved, Doctor, what did you intend to imply?

Mr. OLIVER. I was primarily concerned in making the point that the viewers suffered an illusion. That they had assumed this horse belonged to Mrs. Kennedy, whereas he certainly did not. I further intended to imply there was no conceivable connection between Mrs. Kennedy and the horse, since she can’t ever have ridden it if nobody rode it.

Mr. JENNER. Did you intend to imply by that statement that the assassination of President Kennedy was anticipated and that the practice instructions issued to Captain Cloy and his unit were in anticipation of, in fact, not the possible death of Hoover but the assassination of the President of the United States?

Mr. OLIVER. That is not what I intended to imply. I did not intend to exclude that possibility, of course.

Mr. JENNER. And the source and sole source of that sentence which you have now read from your speech was the newspaper clipping from the Jackson, Miss., Clarion-Ledger, of February 21, 1964, now identified as Oliver Exhibit No. 8?

Mr. OLIVER. Except insofar as concerns the actual date. Cloy, you see, says merely that they had just finished a rehearsal. The date as being a week before either the funeral or the assassination, I got from this letter.

Mr. JENNER. What letter was that?

Mr. OLIVER. This was a letter that I had received some time in February, probably early in February.

Mr. JENNER. But the line in your speech as of last week was based on the material contained in Oliver Exhibit No. 8?

Mr. OLIVER. That letter and Oliver No. 8.

Mr. JENNER. Do you have the letter?

Mr. OLIVER. No; I do not.

Mr. JENNER. And the letter was from whom?

Mr. OLIVER. I do not recall the name.

Mr. JENNER. Do you have the letter on which you relied?

Mr. OLIVER. Probably. I have such a mass of undigested correspondence that I probably have it some place in that mass. On the other hand, I may not, because I recently searched for an entirely different letter and wasn’t able to find it. Possibly I just overlooked it.

Mr. JENNER. The letter was, I take it, from a person with whom you had not sufficient contact so that you can recall his or her name.

Mr. OLIVER. So far as I know, it was a name unknown to me. It could conceivably have been somebody that I met some time but, as I recall, there was no allusion to such a meeting. It was simply offering information.

Mr. JENNER. Did that--I take it from what you said that the letter made reference to the item that was about to be published which is now identified as Oliver Exhibit No. 8?

Mr. OLIVER. So far as I know, the writer of the letter had no knowledge of that interview at all.

Mr. JENNER. What did the writer of the letter say as you now recall?

Mr. OLIVER. The writer of the letter implied that the Army had rehearsed for the funeral of Kennedy--that was the implication in the letter--as I say, more than a week either before the funeral or the assassination, I am not quite sure which word was used.

Mr. JENNER. Did you attempt to verify the statement made by a source which was therefore unknown to you?

Mr. OLIVER. As I say, I simply put the letter aside and for all practical purpose, I should say I forgot it until I received this clipping.

Mr. JENNER. Then for all practical purposes, Doctor, in making your speech last week you relied on Oliver Exhibit No. 8?

Mr. OLIVER. Plus the letter for the date.

Mr. JENNER. For what date?

Mr. OLIVER. The date of the rehearsal.

Mr. JENNER. I see. Did you make any attempt to determine whether there was such a person who purported to write you a letter?

Mr. OLIVER. As the writer of the letter, you mean?

Mr. JENNER. Yes.

Mr. OLIVER. No; I did nothing with the letter.

Mr. JENNER. You just put it aside?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; as for Captain Cloy, I did ascertain that there was such a person.

Mr. JENNER. How did you do that?

Mr. OLIVER. By trying to reach him by telephone.

Mr. JENNER. Where?

Mr. OLIVER. In McComb, Miss., which is a small town some distance south of Jackson, but for which the Jackson paper evidently acts as the local paper. I understand there is a small paper in the town itself, but one that seems to be not very highly regarded.

Mr. JENNER. What did you do, make a long distance call down there?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. And in making that call you were advised by whom that there was or was not such a person?

Mr. OLIVER. Well, I certainly was advised----

Mr. JENNER. Relate what you did on it.

Mr. OLIVER. What I did was place a person-to-person call to Captain Cloy, giving his full name.

Mr. JENNER. Richard C.?

Mr. OLIVER. Richard C. Cloy, in McComb, Miss. And it seems to me there is another item of information about him there which I was also able to use. Yes; it states Captain Cloy’s wife is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Burt, of Summit. I am not too sure that I used the name of Burt. I may have simply had that at hand. In any case, connection was made by the operator to some home, I assume a home in McComb, from which she was referred to another number, and at the other number a female voice replied, I assumed it was the captain’s mother, but had no means of verifying that--that the captain was in Germany and that there was no way of reaching him by telephone. I regard that as verifying his existence. I subsequently asked a friend of mine in Jackson, Miss., to verify his existence, and he reported to me that he did.

Mr. JENNER. You have never talked with Captain Cloy?

Mr. OLIVER. No; I had been unable to reach him. Very possibly had I been willing to persist and spend the money for transoceanic phones, I could have done so.

Mr. JENNER. I show you a document I have marked Oliver Exhibit No. 9 which consists of pages A-4596, and A-4597 of the Congressional Record of Thursday, September 3, 1964, which consists of extension of remarks of Morris K. Udall, of the House of Representatives, commencing on page A-4596, and running over to page A-4597. Are you familiar with those newspaper reports that Representative Udall has placed of record in the Congressional Record?

Mr. OLIVER. No; this is new to me. Congressman Udall is evidently much upset.

Mr. JENNER. You have anticipated my question. I was going to ask, well, I did ask if you were familiar with it. That is as you say new to you.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. While you are looking at that, Doctor, I would like to mark your speech with an Exhibit number, and in fairness so as to have the accurate speech rather than the newspaper reports.

Mr. OLIVER. Very good. Of course this man is reporting part.

Mr. JENNER. I beg your pardon?

Mr. OLIVER. Of course this man is reporting in part.

Mr. JENNER. You are now referring to Oliver Exhibit No. 9?

Mr. OLIVER. The first by Eric Cavallero. You will return that manuscript?

Mr. JENNER. Everything.

While you are browsing on Oliver Exhibit No. 9, I have before me a sheaf of sheets, typewritten with longhand notations which I have marked Oliver Exhibit No. 10, and I think you estimated they ran 39 pages plus a couple of A pages.

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 9 for identification.)

Mr. OLIVER. That is correct.

Mr. JENNER. There are some interlineations in longhand and some block printing on various of the pages. Are those interlineations and block printing in your handwriting?

Mr. OLIVER. Practically all of them. One or two of them may not be.

Mr. JENNER. Why don’t you identify the ones that aren’t.

Mr. OLIVER. This little----

Mr. JENNER. Page 7 in the lower left-hand corner is a notation reading “This month August 1964” and that is the handwriting of whom?

Mr. OLIVER. Mrs. Oliver. That is, I am perfectly willing to accept the responsibility for all of the handwritten notations that appear here.

Mr. JENNER. All right.

Mr. OLIVER. The only exceptions are one or two corrections where in my haste in typing I have inverted letters or things like that.

Mr. JENNER. Obvious typographicals?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. This is, sir, the typewritten speech?

Mr. OLIVER. Typewritten text from which I spoke.

Mr. JENNER. I am sorry, I mean typewritten text from which you spoke at the Santa Ana Valley High School and other places you have spoken in recent days?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. Would you tell us where those places were?

Mr. OLIVER. Tucson, Ariz.

Mr. JENNER. Can you give the dates, approximately?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; I can give you the exact dates. I spoke in Tucson on Monday, the 24th of August; San Diego, Tuesday, the 25th of August; Azuza, Calif., Wednesday, the 26th of August; Glendale, Calif., Thursday, the 27th of August; Santa Ana Friday the 28th of August; and Salt Lake City Saturday, the 29th of August. And the speech which I gave in all of those places was substantially the same except that I did cut.

Mr. JENNER. The same as Oliver Exhibit No. 10?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes; I did occasionally cut when I saw that my time was running a little long.

Mr. UNGER. I wish you would have done that today. We missed another plane.

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 10 for identification.)

Mr. JENNER. In your reference to Joachim Joesten’s book, you had particular reference to chapter 16, did you not?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes, I believe so. This is the one which takes up the discussion of the CIA and the FBI, and tries to connect them with General Walker and H. L. Hunt, and other persons.

Mr. JENNER. Do I now have all the sources to which you resorted in preparing your article in the American Opinion, and the speech which is identified as Oliver Exhibit No. 10?

Mr. OLIVER. I believe so; yes.

Mr. JENNER. Is it a fair statement that as to both of those your sources were, to use your language, public sources in the sense of books, newspaper articles, and--what would you call this kind of a thing----

Mr. OLIVER. Newspaper articles, or bulletins, and magazine articles.

Mr. JENNER. Magazine articles, and that you had no confidential source other than if you want to describe Colonel Clark’s talk with you as a confidential source?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. Except, of course, that I used the research facilities of Mr. Capell particularly, as I have stated.

Mr. JENNER. Did you use his research facilities in the sense of his library or rather did you employ bulletins issued by him or reports made to you which he prepared using his own library?

Mr. OLIVER. Reports which he made to me chiefly by telephone, chiefly because I needed them in a hurry.

Mr. JENNER. Yes; and your understanding was that he in turn based those reports on research work that he did of public sources?

Mr. OLIVER. He has very elaborate files and many contacts.

Mr. UNGER. I should point out to you that Mr. Jenner said he based upon public publications or files. That is not exactly correct, is it?

Mr. OLIVER. Mr. Jenner said that Mr. Capell based his.

Mr. UNGER. Yes; do you want that statement to stand?

Mr. JENNER. As far as you know. I will put it this way, sir. What were Mr. Capell’s sources so far as they are personally known to you, of your own knowledge?

Mr. OLIVER. They are Mr. Capell’s files which go back over many years, and Mr. Capell’s current files which include information that he obtains from former intelligence officers and former members of the FBI. He has contacts with the Cuban underground, in fact with several Cuban undergrounds, and various other sources which enable him to obtain information which he believes to be reliable and accurate. He will indicate to me the nature of the information that he has, although over the telephone he will not usually disclose a source that he regards as confidential.

Mr. JENNER. Do you have any other editions of his publication “The Herald of Freedom” that is, in addition to Oliver Exhibit No. 6 upon which you relied?

Mr. OLIVER. I have, in the sense that I relied on information from him, much of which appeared in various copies of his periodical. I believe I have one other issue here. Here is one dated the 6th of December, 1963.

Mr. JENNER. Upon which you also relied?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. That we will mark as Oliver Exhibit No. 11.

(The document referred to was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 11 for identification.)

Mr. JENNER. It is the Herald of Freedom issue, volume 4, No. 9, dated December 6, 1963. The first page of which is entitled “John Fitzgerald Kennedy,” the second page Lee Harvey Oswald, the third page Lee Harvey Oswald, and at the bottom of the page Leon Rubenstein alias Jack Ruby. That is continued onto the fourth page, and the final heading, “The truth shall make you free,” is on the fourth page. I take it you were relying upon the materials appearing in pages 1, 2, 3, and about the third of the way down on page 4.

Mr. OLIVER. Yes.

Mr. JENNER. I show you a tearsheet from the Chicago Daily News, dated Wednesday, February 12, 1964, on which I have underlined in red pencil or red ink, statements attributed by the author, the reporter who authored this article, and ask you whether those statements fairly report claims, charges or statements that you made?

Mr. OLIVER. No, they certainly do not fairly report what I said. They are quoting from the article which is already in the record.

Mr. JENNER. That is American Opinion?

Mr. OLIVER. Yes, American Opinion.

Mr. JENNER. So that an accurate, truly accurate, representation of what you did say or you did write is the two issues of American Opinion now identified as Oliver Exhibits Nos. 1 and 2?

Mr. OLIVER. Precisely, and not what some malicious or careless journalist might wish to excerpt from that article for the purposes of producing a sensation or a scandal.

Mr. JENNER. Dr. Oliver, we had a kind of hard time getting hold of Commission Exhibit 1015 and they are out of print, by the way. I would like to know--are you what Mr. Surrey testified to as a--are you on the presubscription list of the----

Mr. OLIVER. American Eagle Publishing Co.

Mr. JENNER. American Eagle Publishing Co.?

Mr. OLIVER. I may well be. I was or don’t know whether there was or is a presubscription list. But I suspect that if there was or is one I may well be on it.

Mr. JENNER. Would you be good enough to tell me how you came by one?

(Discussion off the record.)

(The document was marked Oliver Exhibit No. 12.)

Mr. OLIVER. If you want to know how I got my copy, General Walker sent it to me. Or I assume that he did; anyway, it was sent to me.

Mr. JENNER. At least it arrived in the mail?

Mr. OLIVER. That is right. Here is the ad.

Mr. JENNER. The advertisement to which Mr. Unger made reference appears in Oliver Exhibit No. 1, page 82.

Mr. UNGER. That is not the advertisement that I made reference to, and I am not a subscriber to that magazine. I just got an ad through the mail for that publication.

Mr. JENNER. All right. Now, I have no further questions. Mr. Unger, you are at liberty to ask Mr. Oliver any questions you desire.

Mr. UNGER. I understand that I have the opportunity to clarify any points that are in confusion, but I think that the witness and counsel have brought everything out admirably. I can’t think anything that needs to be added.

Mr. JENNER. Thank you. I have no further questions.

Mr. OLIVER. I would like to----

Mr. JENNER. Is there something you would like to add, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. Merely to point out that your opening statement of which I have a copy here, confuses the article with the speech in the reference to the rehearsal for the funeral which, of course, was not made in the article but was made in the speech, and contains a very serious misstatement in saying that in my article I charge that “President Kennedy’s assassination was part of a Communist plot engendered with the help of the Central Intelligence Agency.” I make no such charge.

Mr. JENNER. The charge you make is contained in your speech. Whatever you say on that subject is contained in Oliver Exhibit No. 10, your speech, is that correct, sir?

Mr. OLIVER. What I say on that subject is contained in the speech which you have labeled No. 10.

Mr. JENNER. Are there any other sources for your speech or your article to which we have not yet made reference?

Mr. OLIVER. There would probably be thousands of them if we consider the first two-thirds of the speech in which I discuss socialism and so on----

Mr. JENNER. Doctor, we are only concerned with the subject matter.

Mr. OLIVER. Of the assassination?

Mr. JENNER. Yes.

Mr. OLIVER. No, we have covered only the kind of sources that we have used.

Mr. JENNER. Mr. Reporter, I offer in evidence as Oliver Exhibits Nos. 1 through 12, the documents previously so marked.

(The documents heretofore marked as Oliver Exhibits Nos. 1 through 12, were received in evidence.)

Mr. JENNER. All right, thank you, sir.

AFFIDAVIT OF B. M. PATTERSON

The following affidavit was executed by B. M. Patterson on August 26, 1964.

AFFIDAVIT

PRESIDENT’S COMMISSION ON THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY

I, B. M. Patterson, being duly sworn, depose as follows:

I now reside at Apartment 201, Habana Apartments, 1607 North Carroll, Dallas, Texas. On January 22, 1964, I was residing at 4635 Hartford Street, Dallas, Texas, and was then employed by Wyatt’s Cafeteria, 2647 Lancaster, Dallas, Texas.

On January 22, 1964, I was interviewed by Special Agents John T. Kesler and Vernon Mitchem of the Federal Bureau of Investigation concerning what I had seen on November 22, 1963, as it related to Lee Harvey Oswald, the shooting of Dallas Police Officer, J. D. Tippit, and the assassination of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy.

I have been shown the written report of the results of this interview by Special Agents John T. Kesler and Vernon Mitchem of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, on January 22, 1964.[C] While this transcription is basically and materially correct, I desire to make the following clarifications in regard to the contents of this report. This modification pertains to the second sentence of paragraph two. I choose to have the second referenced sentence changed to read as follows:

“A minute or so later, they observed a white male, approximately thirty years of age, running south on Patton Avenue, carrying a revolver in his hand and was obviously trying to reload it. He stopped still and then reloaded the gun.”

In regard to the last paragraph of this report, I do not at this late date specifically recall having been exhibited a photograph of Lee Harvey Oswald, at the time of the interview of January 22, 1964, and desire that this paragraph be deleted as an official reporting of that interview.

I have read this written report and with the exception of the aforementioned, notations, it reveals a correct report of what I saw on November 22, 1963.

Signed this 26th day of August 1964.

(S) B. M. Patterson, B. M. PATTERSON.

[C] This report was labeled B. M. Patterson Exhibit A.

AFFIDAVIT OF B. M. PATTERSON

The following affidavit was executed by B. M. Patterson on September 7, 1964.

AFFIDAVIT

PRESIDENT’S COMMISSION ON THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY

I, B. M. PATTERSON, being duly sworn, depose as follows:

I now reside at Apartment 201, Habana Apartments, 1607 North Carroll, Dallas, Texas. On August 25 and 26, 1964, I was residing at this same address and was employed at Holly Southwest, Inc., 5606 Dyer, Dallas, Texas.

On August 25 and 26, 1964, I was interviewed by Special Agent Richard J. Burnett of the Federal Bureau of Investigation concerning what I had witnessed on November 22, 1963 as it related to Lee Harvey Oswald, the shooting of Dallas Police Officer J. D. Tippit, and the assassination of President John Fitzgerald Kennedy.

I have been shown the account of my interviews with Special Agent Richard J. Burnett as put in written form in regards to the interviews of August 25 and 26, 1964.[D] I have read this written report and it represents a correct report of what I saw on November 22, 1963, as well as my identification of photographs of Lee Harvey Oswald as the individual I had seen on that date.

Signed this 7th day of September 1964.

(S) B. M. Patterson, B. M. PATTERSON.

[D] This report was labeled B. M. Patterson Exhibit B.

AFFIDAVIT OF ARTHUR MANDELLA

The following affidavit was executed by Arthur Mandella on September 17, 1964.

AFFIDAVIT

PRESIDENT’S COMMISSION ON THE ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT JOHN F. KENNEDY

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ss:

I, Arthur Mandella, being first duly sworn, depose and say:

1. This affidavit is made in connection with testimony I gave to the Commission on an earlier date.

2. I have compared the photograph, Commission Exhibit No. 658, with a lift of the palmprint, Commission Exhibit No. 637; the photograph, Commission Exhibit No. 655, with a piece of cardboard, Commission Exhibit No. 649; the photograph, Commission Exhibit No. 659, with a home-made paper bag, Commission Exhibit No. 142; before the and the photograph, Commission Exhibit No. 656, with the cardboard carton, Commission Exhibit No. 641. As a result of this comparison, I have determined that the respective photographs, which I had earlier testified were photographs of the prints of Lee Harvey Oswald, are accurate photographs of prints from the objects, Commission Exhibit Nos. 637, 649, 142, and 641, and that the prints on Commission Exhibit Nos. 637, 649, 142, and 641, are the prints of Lee Harvey Oswald.

Signed this 17th day of September 1964, at Washington, D.C.

(S) Det. Arthur Mandella NYCPD, ARTHUR MANDELLA.

TESTIMONY OF JOHN F. GALLAGHER

The testimony of John F. Gallagher was taken at 10 a.m., on September 15, 1964, at 200 Maryland Avenue NE., Washington, D.C., by Mr. Norman Redlich, assistant counsel of the President’s Commission.

Mr. REDLICH. The purpose of this deposition is to take the testimony of Mr. John F. Gallagher. Mr. Gallagher, before we start I would like to advise you that under the rules of this Commission you are entitled to 3 days’ notice prior to your testimony. You have not had 3 days’ notice. However, you are also free to waive that notice if you wish. Are you willing to testify this morning?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I am, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. It is customary to administer an oath, so would you stand? Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I do.

Mr. REDLICH. For the record, would you state your name?

Mr. GALLAGHER. My name is John F. Gallagher.

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Gallagher, what is your occupation?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I am a special agent of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, presently assigned to the Physics and Chemistry Section of the FBI Laboratory.

Mr. REDLICH. How long have you been with the FBI?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I have been with the FBI approximately 18 years.

Mr. REDLICH. Very briefly, what has been the nature of your affiliation with the FBI?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The greater part of that 18 years I have been assigned to the FBI Laboratory, and in particular to the Physics and Chemistry Section. I work in the spectrographic unit of the FBI Laboratory.

Mr. REDLICH. And this is what you have been doing for the greater portion of your 18 years with the FBI?

Mr. GALLAGHER. That is correct.

Mr. REDLICH. What is your educational background, Mr. Gallagher?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I graduated from Boston College with a bachelor of science degree in 1939, and I returned for 2 years on a fellowship to obtain a master of science degree.

When I entered the military service I was sent for a 9-month course at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in meteorology. Following my discharge from the Army, I joined the Federal Bureau of Investigation. I received special agents’ training, and have taken specialized courses during my period in the FBI, one of which was a course in neutron activation analysis at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory--correction--at Oak Ridge Institute of Nuclear Studies, from September 24 to October 5, 1962.

Mr. REDLICH. Are you familiar with a technique of analysis which is called neutron activation analysis?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir; I am familiar with the technique known as neutron activation analysis.

Mr. REDLICH. Could you describe briefly, without reference to the specific evidence that is under investigation here, the nature of this technique?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Neutron activation analysis involves subjecting small samples to a beam of sub-atomic particles known as neutrons. Elements within the sample having been bombarded by neutrons are transformed in many instances to radioactive atoms. These radioactive atoms will decay and emit characteristic radiations. By studying the emitted radiations, one can determine and trace quantities of elements in specimens.

Mr. REDLICH. This is a technique whereby certain elements are made radioactive as a result of being bombarded by neutrons; is that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. This enables you to isolate certain elements for purposes of analysis; is that correct? Let me rephrase the question: Does this enable you to determine the presence of certain elements for purposes of analysis?

Mr. GALLAGHER. This enables you to determine and to measure the quantity of certain elements in a given specimen.

Mr. REDLICH. What is the advantage of the neutron activation technique over other methods of determining the presence of certain elements?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Well, this method of analysis, because of its extreme sensitivity, offers a great advantage over more conventional procedures. Furthermore, chemical treatments of your samples subsequent to activation do not distort your results by contamination. If an acid, for example, is added to a specimen after irradiation which is under study for the presence of antimony, and the acid itself contains antimony, it will not contain a radioactive form of antimony, and this is the form which is measured during the analysis.

Mr. REDLICH. Has neutron activation analysis been used in criminal investigation work, to your knowledge, Mr. Gallagher?

Mr. GALLAGHER. It has been used in criminal investigative work.

Mr. REDLICH. Could you, for the sake of the record, give me a few examples of the types of situations in which it has been used--without reference to any particular case?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Neutron activation analysis has been used to determine the arsenic content in hair, urine, and fingernail scrapings, in a suspected arsenic-poisoning case.

Mr. REDLICH. Has it been--is it used as a method of determining whether or not a person has fired a weapon?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I do know that this technique has been used to attempt to determine if an individual has fired a weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. Do you believe that it is a technique which could be used under certain conditions to determine whether or not a person has fired a weapon?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I do believe that it is a technique which can be used to determined if a person has fired a weapon or handled a recently fired weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. Have you yourself, Mr. Gallagher, ever testified in court with regard to the results of a neutron activation analysis?

Mr. GALLAGHER. No, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Now let us turn, Mr. Gallagher, to the specific investigation that we are concerned with in this inquiry. Are you familiar with any neutron activation analyses which were conducted in connection with the assassination of President Kennedy?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Could you describe what they were?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Neutron activation analyses were conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn., on the paraffin casts from the right hand, the left hand, and the right cheek of Lee Harvey Oswald.

Mr. REDLICH. May I interrupt you there, Mr. Gallagher? Your determination that these were the casts from the right and left hand and right cheek of Lee Harvey Oswald was based upon information given to you and is not based upon your own personal knowledge; isn’t that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. It is based upon knowledge which I obtained from an official Bureau report.

Mr. REDLICH. The record would indicate that these casts were made in Dallas, and were made in connection with tests performed by the Dallas police. And then subsequently they were forwarded to the FBI in Washington. That is our understanding of the manner in which the casts were made and placed into the possession of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Do you have any information to the contrary?

Mr. GALLAGHER. It is my understanding that Dr. Morton Mason, Director of Dallas City-County Criminal Investigation Laboratory made and processed the paraffin casts.

Mr. REDLICH. Now, would you proceed?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The paraffin casts were analyzed by neutron activation analyses to determine if these casts from Oswald, which were made, chemically treated, and subsequently washed by investigators in the Dallas area, bear any deposits which could be associated with the rifle cartridges found in the Texas School Book Depository Building.

Mr. REDLICH. Do you know why the casts had been chemically treated in Dallas?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Reportedly, these casts were chemically treated for the presence of nitrates.

Mr. REDLICH. This is what is popularly referred to as the paraffin test?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; it has been popularly referred to as the paraffin test.

Mr. REDLICH. And your testimony is that these casts had been washed by the time they reached your possession; is that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Would you continue?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The deposits found on the paraffin casts from the hands and cheek of Oswald could not be specifically associated with the rifle cartridges. The casts from Oswald bore elements--namely, barium and antimony--which were present in the powder residues from both the rifle, and revolver cartridges. No characteristic elements were found by neutron activation analysis of the residues which could be used to distinguish the rifle from the revolver cartridges. In view of the fact that the paraffin casts were not made until after the reported firing and handling of the fired revolver, no significance could be attached to the residues found on the casts other than the conclusion that the barium and antimony in these residues are present in amounts greater than found on the hands of an individual who has not recently fired or handled a recently fired weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. You mentioned in your answer, Mr. Gallagher, that the elements which you found present on the paraffin casts, which were also present on the spent cartridges found at the Texas School Book Depository, were the elements barium and antimony; is that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. In your opinion, what is the source of the elements barium and antimony on these cartridges?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Barium and antimony are residues left from the spent primers in the cartridges.

Mr. REDLICH. The primer being the portion of the cartridge which ignites the principal explosive substance in the cartridge; is that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The primer is that portion of the cartridge which is----

Mr. REDLICH. If I may interrupt--which is initially struck by the firing pin?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Which is struck by the firing pin, and detonates to initiate the explosive charge in the cartridge itself.

Mr. REDLICH. Now, are the elements barium and antimony found in most primer residues?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Barium and antimony are found in most primer residues; yes.

Mr. REDLICH. Did you determine whether barium and antimony are present in the Western Cartridge Co. ammunition which was found on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I did, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. And did you find that barium and antimony are, in fact, found in ammunition of that manufacturer?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes.

Mr. REDLICH. Did you also determine whether the elements barium and antimony are found in the .38 caliber ammunition manufactured by Remington Peters and Winchester Western, which was the ammunition used in the shooting of officer Tippit?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. And did you find that the elements barium and antimony were, in fact, present in this type of ammunition?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. With regard to the rifle cartridges, did you examine the cartridges which were actually found on the sixth floor of the Texas School Book Depository?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. And did you determine that the elements barium and antimony were present on those particular cartridges?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did.

Mr. REDLICH. Are you able to give us your opinion as to the possible effect of the washing of the paraffin casts on the analysis which you performed? Let me rephrase the question. Did the fact that these casts were washed prior to the neutron activation test materially alter, in your opinion, the results of the neutron activation analysis?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I can say that the washing did not remove all the antimony and barium.

Mr. REDLICH. In your opinion, would the washing of these paraffin casts remove substantial amounts of the elements barium and antimony if they were present on those casts?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Chemical treatment and washing will remove portions of the barium and antimony from these casts. This was determined from test casts which were studied in connection with these analyses. But it did not remove all the barium and antimony.

Mr. REDLICH. Can you describe exactly what you did with these paraffin casts in order to perform a neutron activation analysis?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Do you want me to tell who I worked with here?

Mr. REDLICH. Yes.

Mr. GALLAGHER. These casts were taken to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory at Oak Ridge, Tenn., and there, with a Dr. Frank F. Dyer, and Mr. J. F. Emery, work was performed on these casts. The casts were studied under a binocular microscope. The surface of the casts were scraped. These paraffin scrapings were put into a small container which was then placed in a pneumatic tube and sent into the heart of the research reactor to be bombarded by neutrons for a 3-minute period. The neutron flux was 6 times 10 to the 13th neutrons per square centimeter per second. After the 3 minutes were up, the container with its contents was discharged from the reactor.

The gamma ray spectrum was studied. And then chemical tests were made to precipitate barium and also to precipitate the antimony. The barium and antimony were quantitatively determined.

Mr. REDLICH. You stated in your answer that----

Mr. GALLAGHER. Correction. Were quantitatively determined by studying the gamma rays emitted by the barium isotope 139 and the antimony isotope 122.

Mr. REDLICH. Now, according to your testimony, you determined that the elements barium and antimony were present in the hand casts in an amount greater than would be expected in the case of a person who had not fired a revolver.

Mr. GALLAGHER. Fired or handled a recently fired weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. Confining ourselves for the moment to the hand casts, does such a conclusion enable you to state that the person from whose hands these cases were made had in fact fired a revolver? The question I am asking you, Mr. Gallagher, is one designed to determine the extent to which the neutron activation technique is able to result in definitive judgments. Your initial answer was that the elements barium and antimony were present in these casts in an amount greater than would be expected from a person who had not either fired a weapon or handled a recently fired weapon. Are you able to, on the basis of this, make a judgment as to whether in fact the person from whose hands these casts were made had in your opinion fired a revolver, or handled a fired revolver?

Do you understand my question, before you attempt to answer it?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Well, first of all I reported that there was more on the hands than would be found on the hands of a normal individual who had not fired or handled a recently fired weapon. Now, I don’t quite get the point of your question.

Mr. REDLICH. The point of my question is whether you are able, on the basis of this analysis, to express an opinion as to whether the person from whose hands these casts were made had fired a weapon.

Mr. GALLAGHER. It is my opinion that the person from whom these casts were removed may have either handled a fired weapon, or fired a weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. I would like to introduce into the record a letter which I have marked Gallagher Exhibit No. 1.

(Gallagher Exhibit No. 1 was marked for identification.)

Mr. REDLICH. This is a letter from FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover to J. Lee Rankin, general counsel of this Commission. Are you familiar with the contents of this letter, Mr. Gallagher?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. You will note that this letter indicates a variety of substances which contain the element barium, the element antimony, and substances which contain the elements barium and antimony.

The last question I asked you, Mr. Gallagher, was whether you could make a judgment as to whether a person from whose hands these casts were made had fired a weapon or handled a fired weapon, and you indicated that on the basis of these tests you could make such a judgment.

The question I now ask you is in light of the contents of the letter which has been designated as Gallagher Exhibit No. 1, are you able to isolate the source of the elements barium and antimony which you found on the hand casts as coming from the primer residues rather than from the substances which are described in Gallagher Exhibit No. 1?

Mr. GALLAGHER. It is true that there are common commercial products which contain barium and which contain antimony.

Mr. REDLICH. And which contain barium and antimony together?

Mr. GALLAGHER. And also which contain barium and antimony together. However, before these elements can contaminate the hands or person--hands or body of an individual--they must be accessible so they can adhere by mechanical adhesion to the individual. Under normal circumstances, most of the ingredients mentioned in Exhibit No. 1----

Mr. REDLICH. Excuse me--could you refer to that as Gallagher Exhibit No. 1?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Gallagher Exhibit No. 1, is not normally in the form which will permit contamination by this mechanical adhesion.

Mr. REDLICH. Are you generally familiar with the test which is commonly referred to as the paraffin test, which tests paraffin casts for nitrate residues?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. As I understand it, Mr. Gallagher, one of the reasons why this test is considered unreliable for purposes of determining whether or not someone has fired a weapon is the fact that the elements which react with the reagents in the paraffin test are found in a variety of common substances. Is that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The diphenylamine or the diphenylbenzidine tests are not specific. They react with many ingredients and for this reason the results obtained from such tests are difficult to interpret.

Mr. REDLICH. And when I asked you to evaluate the results of the neutron activation test performed on the hand casts in the light of the contents of Gallagher Exhibit No. 1, do I understand your answer to be that in the case of the neutron activation analysis it is possible to make a valid determination as to the presence of the elements barium and antimony, notwithstanding the fact that the elements barium and antimony are found in common substances and not merely found in primer residues.

Mr. GALLAGHER. The determination of barium and antimony by neutron activation analysis is specific. Although there are commercial products which contain the elements barium and antimony, these components in many of these commercial products are not as available for contaminating purposes as are nitrates and oxidizing agents detected by the diphenylamine or diphenylbenzidine tests.

Mr. REDLICH. So that the differences between the neutron activation analysis and the paraffin test for nitrate residues relate both to the question of the availability of the nitrates and oxidizing agents in the paraffin test as compared to the barium and antimony in the neutron activation analysis, and also to the fact that in the paraffin test for nitrate residues, the result is not necessarily specific as to nitrate residues, whereas in the neutron activation analysis for the presence of the elements barium and antimony, the results are specific to the elements barium and antimony. Is that a correct statement?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes. And furthermore, in Gallagher Exhibit No. 1, it says that paint, for example, contains both barium and antimony--this does not mean that every sample of paint contains barium and antimony. And so it is with the other items mentioned in Gallagher Exhibit No. 1.

Mr. REDLICH. All right. Now let us turn to the cheek casts, Mr. Gallagher. Could you tell us the results of your examination of the cheek casts with reference to the presence of the elements barium and antimony?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Barium and antimony were found on the cheek casts. However, when the cheek cast was analyzed, both surfaces of the cheek cast were studied. That is, the surface adjacent to the skin of the subject and the surface away from the skin of the subject, or the outside surface of the cast.

Mr. REDLICH. For our record, let us call the surface adjacent to the skin the inside surface, and the other surface the outside surface.

Mr. GALLAGHER. The outside surface of this cast was found to contain barium and antimony--actually more barium was found on the outside surface of the cast than on the inside surface.

Mr. REDLICH. And as far as antimony is concerned, was there more on the outside than on the inside?

Mr. GALLAGHER. There was slightly less antimony on the outside of the cast than on the inside of the cast.

Mr. REDLICH. Do you have any explanation for the presence of barium and antimony on the outside of the cast, and as part of the same question, do you have any explanation for their being more barium on the outside than the inside?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I have no explanation for this difference.

Mr. REDLICH. Were you able to make determination as to whether the barium and antimony present on the inside cast was more than would be expected in the case of a person who had not fired a weapon or handled a fired weapon?

Mr. GALLAGHER. I found that there was more barium and antimony on the inside surface of the cast than you would find on the cheek of an individual who had recently washed his cheek. However, the significance of this antimony and barium on the inside of the cheek is not known.

Mr. REDLICH. Is that because the outside surface acts as a sort of control on the basis of which you can make a comparison?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The outside surface of the cheek was run as a control for this particular specimen.

Mr. REDLICH. And therefore the presence of a lesser amount of barium and a slightly larger amount of antimony on the inside surface was one of the reasons why you could not make a determination as to the significance of the barium and antimony on the inside surface, is that correct?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Did the fact that Oswald was believed to have fired a revolver prior to the time the paraffin casts were made have an effect on your ability to determine the significance of the barium and antimony on the inside of the cheek cast?

Mr. GALLAGHER. The subsequent repeated firing of the revolver definitely overshadowed the results. That is why it was reported that no significance could be attached to the residues found on the cast other than the conclusion that the barium and antimony in these residues are present in amounts greater than found on the hands of a normal individual who had not recently fired or handled a fired weapon.

Mr. REDLICH. In other words, given the known fact, or the assumed fact, that the suspect had fired a revolver repeatedly, the barium and antimony could have found their way to the suspect’s cheek as a result of the repeated firing of that revolver, and therefore precluded you from making any determination as to whether the elements barium and antimony were placed on the cheek as the result of the firing of the rifle. Is that a correct statement?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Well, there is no way to eliminate the fact that the subject may have wiped a contaminated hand across his cheek subsequent to the firing of the revolver, thus contaminating his cheek with barium and antimony.

Mr. REDLICH. Getting back to the hand casts, did you use the outside surface of the hand casts as a control surface?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes; I did, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Could you tell us how the inside or the outside surface of the hand cast compared with regard to the elements barium and antimony?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Much more barium and antimony were found on the inside of the hand casts than were found on the control specimens taken from the outside of the hand casts of the subject.

Mr. REDLICH. Mr. Gallagher, prior to this morning’s deposition, you and I had a conversation in which we covered the general subject matter which was to be the subject of this deposition. Is there anything in your recorded testimony which is inconsistent with the information which you provided prior to this recorded testimony?

Mr. GALLAGHER. No, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Have we, to the best of your recollection, covered in our recorded testimony at least everything that was discussed in our off the record conversation?

Mr. GALLAGHER. Yes, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. Is there anything which you would like to add at this time to your testimony concerning the matters under investigation?

Mr. GALLAGHER. No, sir.

Mr. REDLICH. All right, Mr. Gallagher. This testimony will be transcribed and will be available for your review. We will adjourn the deposition at 10:56 p.m.

Index

NAMES

A

Aarons, Patricia, vol. VIII, 121

Abel, John, vol. IV, 217

Abernathy, Joe B., vol. III, 109; vol. XV, 548

Ables, Don R.: Testimony, vol. VII, 239–243 Referred to, vol. IV, 277; vol. VII, 125, 127, 131–132, 167–170, 172, 234, 237–238, 262, 264

Abt, John J.: Testimony, vol. X, 116–117 Referred to, vol. I, 149, 153; vol. III, 85–86, 88–89; vol. IV, 154–155, 158, 215, 225; vol. V, 240; vol. VII, 300, 314, 329, 356; vol. IX, 381; vol. XV, 508

Acker, Ray, vol. XI, 253

Adamcik, John P.: Testimony, vol. VII, 202–211 Referred to, vol. IV, 207, 217; vol. VII, 188–191, 193, 215–216, 229–230, 548

Adams, Bud, vol. I, 454

Adams, Joey, vol. V, 200; vol. XV, 29, 248

Adams, R. L.: Testimony, vol. X, 136–143; vol. XI, 480–481 Referred to, vol. X, 132–143, 145, 147–148, 155; vol. XI, 478

Adams, Victoria Elizabeth: Testimony, vol. VI, 386–393 Referred to, vol. VI, 330–331, 340; vol. VII, 389

Aiken, Haddon Spurgeon, vol. III, 230, 239; vol. IV, 44

Aiken, Kierney, vol. XIV, 279

Ainsworth, Hugh, vol. II, 53–54; vol. XIV, 609

Airy, Eugene Paul, vol. II, 195

Akimovich, Nadelman Matvey, vol. I, 86

Akin, Dr. Gene Coleman: Testimony, vol. VI, 63–68 Referred to, vol. VI, 70, 73, 76, 79–80; vol. VII, 382

Alba, Adrian Thomas, testimony, vol. X, 219–229

Alderson, Merwin, vol. XI, 95

Alentado, Antonio, vol. XI, 371–373, 375, 380

Alexander, Alice Reeves, vol. XIII, 325, 358–359; vol. XIV, 652

Alexander, William F., vol. II, 260; vol. IV, 216, 221; vol. V, 218–219, 223, 226, 240, 242–244; vol. VI, 430–431, 443; vol. VII, 47–48, 79, 129, 155, 171, 198, 213, 222; vol. XII, 32–33, 77, 83–84, 95, 213, 216, 402–403; vol. XIV, 236, 301, 313, 583; vol. XV, 57, 352, 506–507, 509, 521

Alexander, Olen, vol. XIII, 386–387

Alexander, R. O. (Mrs.), vol. VII, 482

Alger, Representative Bruce, vol. V, 422, 432

Allen, J. U. (Mrs.), testimony, vol. XI, 472

Allen, Jim, vol. V, 218–219; vol. XII, 95

Allen, John, vol. XV, 348

Allen, Jules, vol. XV, 537, 540

Allen, Rosemary, vol. VI, 269

Allen, Steve, vol. I, 499

Altgens, James W., testimony, vol. VII, 515–525

Alvareda, George Rodriguez, vol. XI, 372, 375

Alyea, Tom, vol. XV, 286

Ammons, Johnny, vol. XV, 650

Amos, H. A., vol. XIII, 38

Anderson, Alice, vol. XIV, 159

Anderson, Andy, vol. XIV, 604

Anderson, Maj. Eugene D.: Testimony, vol. XI, 301–306 Referred to, vol. XI, 308–309

Anderson, Janice, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Anderson, Jerry, vol. XI, 211

Anderson, Louis L., vol. II, 50, 57

Anderson, Robert B., vol. IV, 404

Anderton, James W., vol. V, 132–133, 144; vol. VI, 376, 380; vol. XV, 495, 501

Andrews, Dean Adams, Jr., testimony, vol. XI, 325–339

Anesi, Mario, vol. XIV, 376–377

Angel, J. L., vol. VII, 82

Angel, Shari. (See Weston, Wally (Mrs.).)

Aparina, Nina, vol. III, 135

Apple, Bob, vol. VII, 49

Apple, Tom, vol. XV, 468–472, 610, 613

Applin, George Jefferson, Jr.: Testimony, vol. VII, 85–91 Referred to, vol. VII, 113

Aranoff, Bill, vol. XIII, 33; vol. XIV, 466; vol. XV, 323

Arce, Danny G.: Testimony, vol. VI, 363–367 Referred to, vol. III, 165, 169, 182, 189, 201–202; vol. VI, 337, 352, 355, 361, 377; vol. VII, 196–197

Archer, Don Ray: Testimony, vol. XII, 395–403 Referred to, vol. IV, 198, 244; vol. V, 244–246, 248; vol. XII, 78, 105, 254, 257–258, 408, 412, 431–432; vol. XIII, 30, 32–35, 42–43, 49, 51–52, 54, 80; vol. XV, 129

Armstrong, Andrew, Jr.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 302–382 Referred to, vol. I, 436; vol. II, 296; vol. V, 185–186; vol. XII, 442; vol. XIII, 202, 207–210, 236–237, 250, 421–423, 434–437, 441, 444–445, 447–449, 452–453, 454–456, 459, 467–468, 488–491, 496, 503, 505; vol. XIV, 3, 14, 34, 37, 42–43, 46–51, 56, 59, 66, 73–74, 78, 79, 81, 85–86, 88, 189–190, 283, 292, 299, 342, 459, 470, 645, 652–653; vol. XV, 102–104, 194–195, 197, 227, 328, 330, 335, 339–340, 345, 416, 421, 455, 482, 661, 665

Armstrong, Dwayne, vol. XV, 453

Armstrong, Eleanor (Childress), vol. XIII, 303

Armstrong, Judy, vol. XIV, 18, 293

Arndt, Charles, vol. I, 239, 436

Arnett, Charles Oliver: Testimony, vol. XII, 128–158 Referred to, vol. XII, 79, 88, 99, 193, 198, 247–248, 252–253, 273, 317, 329, 385, 420; vol. XIII, 18; vol. XV, 60

Arnton, Jim, vol. XIII, 70

Aronson, Lev, vol. VIII, 370, 389, 467–468; vol. IX, 245, 251, 320

Asabell, Dan, vol. XII, 160

Ashbrook, Hon. John M., vol. XV, 717

Atcheson, Henry, vol. XIV, 613, 622

Auchincloss, Janet Lee (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 352; vol. IX, 179, 273, 275–276, 282, 321

Aue, Gary, vol. X, 420

Auerbach, Frank L., vol. XI, 185

Austin, Nancy, vol. XIV, 603, 609, 622

Aycox, James Thomas: Testimony, vol. XV, 203–206 Referred to, vol. XIV, 29, 295

Ayers, A. G., Jr., vol. VII, 430

Aynesworth, Hugh, vol. XV, 348, 354

B

Baer, Henry, vol. I, 266–282

Baggett, Elmer, vol. VII, 29–30, 92, 95

Bahlkow, Henry W., vol. VIII, 415

Baker, Barney, vol. XV, 29, 623

Baker, Bobby, vol. I, 178

Baker, Donald (Mrs.), testimony, vol. VII, 507–515

Baker, M. K., vol. VI, 335

Baker, Marrion L.: Testimony, vol. III, 242–270; vol. VII, 592 Referred to, vol. III, 225–226, 228–229, 236, 240; vol. VI, 297, 329, 331; vol. VII, 385–386, 404; vol. XII, 49, 137

Baker, Norman, vol. V, 495, 499, 531; vol. XI, 431

Baker, T. L.: Testimony, vol. IV, 248 Referred to, vol. IV, 203, 207, 209, 213, 247; vol. VII, 56, 59, 62, 123, 134, 163–164, 196, 317, 543; vol. XII, 273; vol. XIII, 7

Ball, George W., vol. V, 307, 343, 369, 384; vol. VII, 471

Ballen, Samuel B.: Testimony, vol. IX, 45–59 Referred to, vol. VIII, 440, 462–463, 467–468, 471; vol. IX, 220, 230, 251, 264; vol. X, 5, 14, 21

Ballen, Samuel B. (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 462–463, 471

Bandoni, Edward J., vol. VIII, 267–268, 273–274, 276

Bang-Jensen, Povl, vol. XV, 736

Barbe, Emmett Charles, Jr.: Testimony, vol. XI, 473–474 Referred to, vol. X, 217–218

Barber, Frank, vol. XIV, 276

Barber, Fred, vol. XV, 232–235

Barclay, Mike, vol. XIV, 234, 255, 260–262

Baren, Sherley, vol. XIV, 168

Bargas, Tommy: Testimony, vol. X, 160–167 Referred to, vol. VIII, 85

Barker, Eddie, vol. XV, 53

Barker, Nancy, vol. XIV, 275

Barnes, Bill, vol. VIII, 78–79

Barnes, W. E.: Testimony, vol. VII, 270–286 Referred to, vol. VII, 68, 132, 153, 174–175, 288

Barnett, Welcome Eugene: Testimony, vol. VII, 539–544 Referred to, vol. VII, 533, 536–537, 566, 586

Barnhorst, Colin, testimony, vol. X, 284–291

Barr, Candy, vol. XV, 89

Barrett, Bob, vol. V, 40, 437; vol. VII, 51, 111–112, 118; vol. XIII, 125, 162

Barrish, Benny, vol. XIV, 458–460

Barrow, George, vol. VII, 332

Barry, David, vol. XIII, 390, 392, 394, 398, 401

Bartlett, Orrin, vol. III, 435, 460; vol. V, 67–68

Bashour, Dr. Fouad A.: Testimony, vol. VI, 61–63 Referred to, vol. VI, 4, 11, 20, 32, 40, 64, 145, 149

Batchelor, Charles: Testimony, vol. XII, 1–25; vol. XV, 114–124 Referred to, vol. IV, 161, 169, 173, 187, 189; vol. V, 237; vol. VII, 57–58, 357, 577, 582, 585, 587; vol. XII, 28, 35–37, 54, 59–60, 66, 68, 74, 76–77, 93–94, 97–100, 103, 107, 118–121, 146, 167, 211, 224, 250–251, 254, 272, 323, 329, 389, 397, 409, 428; vol. XIII, 10, 30, 48, 63, 70–77, 79, 270; vol. XV, 54, 58, 125–128, 133–137, 142, 154, 162–167, 176–178, 180, 186–187, 271

Bates, Byron, vol. XV, 537, 540

Bates, Pauline Virginia: Testimony, vol. VIII, 330–343 Referred to, vol. I, 203

Batista, Fulgencio, vol. V, 202; vol. VIII, 241, 293, 295; vol. IX, 387; vol. XI, 107, 348, 361, 364; vol. XIV, 148

Baughman, U. E., vol. I, 189

Baxter, Dr. Charles Rufus: Testimony, vol. VI, 39–45 Referred to, vol. II, 39; vol. III, 363, 369–371, 374; vol. VI, 2, 4, 10–12, 16, 20, 23–24, 32–33, 35, 47, 54–55, 59, 64, 69–73, 79–80, 83, 106, 110, 141, 145, 149

Bayse, Dale, vol. XIII, 104, 110

Beaty, Buford Lee: Testimony, vol. XII, 158–170 Referred to, vol. VII, 490; vol. XII, 116, 160, 180–181, 184

Beavers, Dr. William Robert: Testimony, vol. XIV, 570–579 Referred to, vol. XIV, 583–585, 596

Beck, E. R., vol. XIII, 2–3, 7, 17, 20, 24, 30–31; vol. XV, 191

Bedford, Tom, vol. XIII, 290

Bedwell, Betty (Mrs.), vol. X, 423

Beers, Ira Jefferson “Jack,” Jr.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 102–112 Referred to, vol. XIII, 135

Behn, Gerald A., vol. II, 63, 80, 98, 105, 107, 142; vol. IV, 337, 342; vol. V, 450–451, 458; vol. VII, 334–335, 442

Bell, Ann, vol. IX, 365

Bell, Audrey (Miss), vol. VI, 52

Bell, J. C. (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 86

Bellah, S. Q., vol. VII, 581

Belli, Melvin, vol. II, 30; vol. V, 182, 192, 194, 233, 243, 245, 254; vol. XIII, 73, 218, 234, 349–350; vol. XIV, 265, 268, 396, 398, 400, 402–403, 405–406, 408, 410, 428, 474–481, 507; vol. XV, 32, 68, 95, 261, 436, 472, 484

Bellocchio, Frank: Testimony, vol. XV, 466–473 Referred to, vol. V, 203–204; vol. XV, 386, 610

Bellows, Charlie, vol. XIV, 399–400, 414, 482–483

Belmont, Alan H.: Testimony, vol. V, 1–32 Referred to, vol. IV, 419, 427, 474; vol. V, 99, 108

Belmont, Dale, vol. XIV, 135

Benavides, Domingo: Testimony, vol. VI, 444–454 Referred to, vol. VII, 68–69, 255, 263, 398

Benham, Clark, vol. IX, 452, 471

Bennett, Dickie, vol. XIV, 363

Bennett, Glen, vol. II, 69, 96, 134, 153; vol. V, 452–453

Bennett, Karen. (See Carlin, Karen Bennett.)

Bennett, Norma, vol. XIII, 429–430; vol. XIV, 2, 17–18, 80, 293

Benoski, Dave, vol. I, 185

Bentley, Paul, vol. VII, 21–23, 40, 49–51, 53–54, 58–60, 62–63, 95, 309; vol. XII, 369

Benton, Nelson, testimony, vol. XV, 456–466

Berger, Andrew E., vol. II, 97, 143; vol. VII, 452–453

Berger, Milton, vol. XIV, 448

Berke, Erwin, vol. XIV, 446–447; vol. XV, 22

Berkstead, Irwin, vol. XV, 312

Berman, Harold I., vol. XIV, 497

Bernet, Ed, vol. XIV, 290

Berry, Lee, vol. XV, 674, 676

Bertillon, Alphonse, vol. IV, 15

Bertrand, Clay, vol. V, 614; vol. XI, 330–337, 339

Bettes, H. J., vol. XIII, 187

Betzer, vol. III, 292

Bibul, Kirk, vol. XIV, 377, 386–387

Bieberdorf, Fred A.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 83–89 Referred to, vol. XIII, 97; vol. XV, 64–65

Biggers, Tatiana, vol. III, 115; vol. IX, 33, 40, 220, 245, 451

Biggio, William S.: Testimony, vol. XV, 48–51 Referred to, vol. V, 51

Birchwell, Ashland Frederick, vol. V, 530

Birdwell, Iwana, vol. XIV, 58

Bize, Richard, vol. XIII, 138

Black, Jim, vol. XV, 536

Blainey, Madeline, vol. XIV, 484; vol. XV, 345–346

Blake, Arthur W., vol. VII, 439

Blake, Sue, vol. XIV, 279

Blakeley, Paul, vol. XI, 414

Blalock, Vance: Testimony, vol. X, 81–86 Referred to, vol. X, 36, 76–77, 79, 81

Blanchard, Paul (Mrs.), vol. II, 499–500; vol. III, 9

Bledsoe, Mary E. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VI, 400–427 Referred to, vol. I, 51–52; vol. II, 288, 296; vol. VII, 255–256

Blessing, Elizabeth (Mrs.), vol. VII, 477

Blessing, H. H., vol. VII, 150

Block, Morris, vol. XI, 448

Block, Morris (Mrs.), vol. XI, 448

Block, Robert, vol. VIII, 302

Boensel, Marjorie, vol. VIII, 199

Bogard, Albert Guy: Testimony, vol. X, 352–356 Referred to, vol. X, 342–347, 350–351

Bogdan, Joseph, vol. IX, 8, 11

Bogoiavlensky (LeGon), Christiana. (See Kearton, Christiana (Mrs.).)

Bogoiavlensky (LeGon), Robert, vol. VIII, 459, 464; vol. IX, 98, 203–204, 206, 287, 291

Boguslav, Anton, vol. I, 80

Boland, Charley, vol. XIV, 32

Boland, Clark, vol. XIV, 295

Boland, James, vol. III, 384; vol. IV, 103; vol. VI, 110

Bonafede, Dom, vol. VII, 522–523, 525

Bonar, Howard R., vol. III, 157

Bonds, Joe, vol. I, 436; vol. XIV, 112, 135–136, 454, 677

Bookhout, James W: Testimony, vol. VII, 308–318 Referred to, vol. IV, 209, 211, 213, 222, 224, 227–228, 236, 238, 465–468; vol. V, 35, 218–219; vol. VII, 123, 133, 164, 177, 320; vol. XII, 50, 59, 207, 212, 259–260, 272–273; vol. XIII, 12, 15, 25, 35–36, 267

Boone, Eugene: Testimony, vol. III, 291–295 Referred to, vol. III, 282, 284, 289; vol. VI, 268; vol. VII, 45, 107–108

Borack, Emil, vol. V, 429

Borchgardt, Richard Walter, vol. IV, 217; vol. VII, 131–132, 171, 179, 242

Bordon, Jean, vol. XIV, 275

Boring, Floyd M., vol. II, 90, 105, 107, 112, 136–137; vol. IV, 342; vol. V, 67

Bortin, Sylvia, vol. XI, 110–111

Boster, Gene, vol. V, 271, 273; vol. XI, 182–183

Boswell, Dr. J. Thornton: Testimony, vol. II, 376–377 Referred to, vol. II, 349–350, 355, 373, 383; vol. V, 142; vol. VI, 25

Boswell, William O., vol. V, 372; vol. XI, 199–200

Botelho, James Anthony: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 315–316 Referred to, vol. VIII, 258, 288, 301

Bouck, Robert Inman: Testimony, vol. IV, 294–299, 300–317 Referred to, vol. IV, 347; vol. V, 464, 466, 581

Boudreaux, Anne (Mrs.), testimony, vol. VIII, 35–38

Bouhe, George Alexandrovich: Testimony, vol. VIII, 355–378 Referred to, vol. I, 7, 11, 59, 112–113, 417; vol. II, 9, 297–299, 304, 306–310, 323–329, 341; vol. III, 114; vol. IV, 400; vol. V, 419, 603; vol. VIII, 344, 381–385, 387–388, 393–395, 402, 404, 407–408, 411–413, 420, 423–425, 429–431, 435, 445, 451–453, 455, 457, 462, 466; vol. IX, 6, 22, 33–37, 40–43, 58, 63–64, 70, 77–78, 84, 86, 122–125, 127–128, 136, 143–144, 150, 161–163, 165, 220–222, 224–228, 230–232, 235, 238, 240, 244, 250, 266, 306–307, 310–311, 314, 324, 327, 451; vol. XI, 119–120, 122–123, 133–135, 148, 297–298

Bowen, John Howard, vol. XI, 223

Bowers, Lee E., Jr.: Testimony, vol. VI, 284–289 Referred to, vol. III, 292; vol. VI, 279

Bowie, Jim, vol. I, 460; vol. V, 226, 229, 244; vol. XIV, 507

Bowron, Diana Hamilton (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VI, 134–139 Referred to, vol. III, 359; vol. VI, 2, 40, 46, 52–53, 151

Bowsher, R. W., vol. XIV, 19–20

Boyd, Elmer L.: Testimony, vol. VII, 119–137 Referred to, vol. IV, 203–204, 206–207, 209, 211, 216–217; vol. VII, 158–160, 163–165, 169, 171, 173, 177–180, 182–185; vol. XII, 367; vol. XIII, 32–34

Boyd, J. H., vol. XIII, 187

Boylston, Robert, vol. VIII, 30

Bradford, George, vol. VIII, 247

Bradley, Joyce, vol. XV, 401

Bradshaw, J. E., vol. XIV, 549–551, 593

Bramblett, Alton E., vol. XII, 122; vol. XIII, 15; vol. XV, 387

Branch, Eleanor (Mrs.), vol. XV, 478

Branch, John Henry: Testimony, vol. XV, 473–482 Referred to, vol. XV, 334–336

Brandel, J. M. (Mrs.), vol. IX, 75, 97–98, 205

Brandles, John M., Jr., vol. X, 420

Brantley, Ray, vol. V, 201–202; vol. XIV, 542–543, 560–561, 567, 596

Braswell, Don, vol. IV, 217

Brawner, Eddie, vol. XIV, 361, 363

Brawner, Mary (Mrs.), vol. XIV, 363

Brazel, Ellis Carl, vol. VII, 131–132, 172, 179, 242

Brehan, Charles F., vol. VII, 221

Breitman, Michael, vol. IX, 217, 305

Brennan, Howard Leslie: Testimony, vol. III, 140–161, 184–186, 211; vol. XI, 206–207 Referred to, vol. III, 197, 207; vol. IV, 237, 357; vol. VII, 221, 348–351, 354–355

Brereton, James N., vol. VIII, 267–268, 273, 276

Brewer, E. D., testimony, vol. VI, 302–308

Brewer, Johnny Calvin: Testimony, vol. VII, 1–7 Referred to, vol. II, 55; vol. III, 303; vol. VII, 11, 93

Brian, V. J.: Testimony, vol. V, 47–58 Referred to, vol. IV, 194, 196, 464, 471; vol. V, 33–37, 46

Bridges, Harry (Mrs.), vol. IX, 4

Bridges, William, vol. VIII, 88–90

Briederdorf, Fred A., vol. XII, 448

Bright, H. R., vol. V, 505

Bright, Jackie, vol. XV, 209

Brightman, Michael, vol. VIII, 461

Bringuier, Carlos: Testimony, vol. X, 32–51 Referred to, vol. V, 614; vol. X, 53, 75–80, 82–85; vol. XI, 158–161, 166, 168–170, 175, 178, 340, 342–344, 347, 351, 353–354, 356–359, 363–367, 378, 389; vol. XIV, 74; vol. XV, 720–721

Brock, Alvin R.: Testimony, vol. XII, 171–176 Referred to, vol. XII, 104, 117, 333, 339, 358, 420, 422–424, 429, 447–448

Brock, Mary, affidavit, vol. VII, 593

Brock, Robert, affidavit, vol. VII, 593

Brody, Sam, vol. XIV, 403, 479; vol. XV, 68

Brook, Billy, vol. XIV, 78, 129, 276

Brooker, Harvey, vol. XIV, 453

Brooks, Donald E.: Testimony, vol. X, 143–149 Referred to, vol. X, 126–127, 152, 154; vol. XI, 478

Brooks, Representative Jack, vol. II, 98, 152–154; vol. V, 563, 565; vol. VII, 465, 475; vol. XV, 76

Brooks, Vernon, vol. XIV, 375

Brotherton, L. S., vol. V, 514

Brown, Arnold J., vol. IV, 420, 422, 424

Brown, B. G., vol. IV, 273

Brown, Barbara, vol. XIV, 58

Brown, Bertha, vol. XIV, 289–290

Brown, C. W.: Testimony, vol. VII, 246–251 Referred to, vol. IV, 227, 241; vol. VII, 150, 153, 199, 249, 261–262; vol. XII, 19; vol. XIII, 2–3, 7, 10, 17, 20, 24, 30–31

Brown, Charles T., vol. I, 142–143, 165, 409; vol. X, 358, 361, 376–377, 379–380; vol. XV, 619

Brown, Charley, vol. VIII, 264

Brown, Conrad, vol. XV, 217–218

Brown, Cornelius, vol. VIII, 297–299, 302

Brown, Earle V.: Testimony, vol. VI, 231–236 Referred to, vol. VI, 237

Brown, George, vol. IX, 17

Brown, Harlan, vol. I, 142–143, 165, 409; vol. XIII, 103, 117–118

Brown, Herman, vol. IX, 17

Brown, J. B., Jr., vol. V, 241; vol. VII, 193, 209, 216, 452, 469; vol. XII, 185; vol. XIII, 111; vol. XIV, 471, 478

Brown, Jim, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Brown, Mary Sue, vol. XIV, 451–452

Brown, Oran, vol. X, 355

Brown, Peter Megargee, testimony, vol. XI, 470

Brown, R. T., vol. XIV, 277

Brown, Thelma, vol. XIV, 289–290

Brown, Thomas L., vol. II, 390

Brownstein, Mildred, vol. XIV, 365

Bruneau, Emile, vol. VIII, 175

Brunner, Fred, vol. XIII, 70; vol. XIV, 398–400, 473; vol. XV, 518, 524

Bruno, Jerry, vol. VII, 442

Buchanan, Thomas G., vol. V, 30, 100–101

Buckmaster, Bob, vol. XV, 291–292

Bumwalt, Linda, vol. XIV, 275

Bundy, McGeorge, vol. V, 564, 581

Bunker, Jerry, vol. XIV, 71; vol. XV, 642–644, 649–650, 653, 662

Burcham, John W., affidavit, vol. XI, 473

Burge, Jack, vol. X, 420

Burge, Rosalie, vol. X, 420

Burgess, E. O., vol. XII, 365; vol. XIII, 10; vol. XV, 109

Burkley, Adm. George G., vol. II, 91, 96, 98–99; vol. III, 363; vol. VI, 20, 25, 27, 69, 148; vol. VII, 450, 452, 466, 469

Burleson, Phil, vol. V, 201; vol. XIII, 309, 350–351, 488–489; vol. XIV, 398, 406, 408, 410–411, 474, 576–577, 609, 611–612, 613, 622

Burley, William, vol. V, 490–491, 494–495, 502, 506, 506–511, 513–518, 520–521, 532; vol. XI, 429, 431

Burney, C. T., vol. XIII, 187

Burnely, Charles, vol. VI, 443

Burnett, Richard J., vol. XV, 745

Burns, Doris (Miss), testimony, vol. VI, 397–399

Burroughs, Warren H. (Butch): Testimony, vol. VII, 14–17 Referred to, vol. VII, 4–5, 9, 11, 13

Burrus, Bill, vol. I, 499–501

Burt, J. W., vol. XV, 741

Burt. J. W. (Mrs.), vol. XV, 741

Burt, Jimmy, vol. VII, 83

Busby, Charles, vol. XV, 610–612

Busch, Tom, vol. XIV, 60

Bush, Mike, vol. VI, 75

Butler, Edward, vol. X, 42; vol. XI, 166, 168–171, 175; vol. XIV, 74

Butler, George E., vol. XII, 146–147, 250–251, 273, 331; vol. XIV, 638, 654; vol. XV, 593–594

Butler, Mary Elizabeth, vol. X, 2

Butler, Samuel, Jr., vol. IX, 198

Byerly, Dave, vol. XV, 429

Byrum, Anice, vol. XV, 550, 554

Byrum, Louis, vol. XV, 548, 550

C

Cabell, Earle: Testimony, vol. VII, 476–485 Referred to, vol. IV, 151; vol. VII, 323, 490–491; vol. XII, 30, 38–39, 78, 310; vol. XV, 78, 131–132, 144–145

Cabell, Earle (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VII, 485–491 Referred to, vol. VII, 478–480, 483, 485–486; vol. XII, 30

Cadigan, James C., testimony, vol. IV, 89–101; vol. VII, 418–438

Cainey, Mike, vol. VIII, 276

Calder, H. Gordon, vol. IX, 21–22

Caldwell, Margaret, vol. XIV, 57

Calhoun, Red, vol. XV, 478

Call, Richard Dennis: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 322–323 Referred to, vol. VIII, 257–259, 264, 288, 301, 316, 319

Callahan, John A., vol. VII, 10

Callaway, Ted: Testimony, vol. III, 351–357 Referred to, vol. IV, 215, 220–221; vol. VI, 451–454; vol. VII, 151, 255, 263–264, 397–400

Calvary, Gloria, vol. VI, 329, 338–340, 372

Calverly, Leonard, vol. X, 196

Camarata, Donald Peter: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 316–317 Referred to, vol. VIII, 267–268, 273–274, 276, 288

Camorgo, Carlos, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Campbell, Don, vol. XV, 537, 540, 573–574, 584

Campbell, John F., vol. X, 277

Campbell, O. V., vol. III, 189, 202, 214, 219–221, 230, 273–274, 279; vol. VI, 339, 370–371, 397; vol. VII, 219–220, 279–280

Campin, Al, vol. XI, 163, 177

Camplen, Charlie, vol. X, 367

Cannon, James P., vol. IX, 419, 421

Cantagalli, Lorenzo, vol. IX, 188

Cantrell, Bill, vol. XIV, 281

Capehart, Bill, vol. XIV, 290

Capell, Frank, vol. XV, 718–719, 723–725, 732, 742–743

Carbonaro, Frank, vol. XV, 29

Carlin, Bruce Ray: Testimony, vol. XIII, 201–205; vol. XV, 641–656 Referred to, vol. I, 239, 436; vol. II, 296; vol. XIII, 201–205, 211, 221, 246, 333, 362, 498–499; vol. XIV, 58, 70–71, 638, 653–654; vol. XV, 422–424, 427–428, 620, 665–666

Carlin, Karen Bennett: Testimony, vol. XIII, 205–221; vol. XV, 656–664 Referred to, vol. I, 238–239, 436; vol. II, 296; vol. V, 185; vol. X, 407; vol. XIII, 202–204, 223, 245, 285–288, 333, 335, 340, 355, 361–362, 366, 373–375, 377, 437, 459, 498–500, 505; vol. XIV, 2, 13, 58, 64, 66–67, 70–71, 80–81, 90, 160, 236–238, 240, 244, 273, 275, 278, 282, 284, 302, 545, 547, 592, 638, 653; vol. XV, 39–40, 67, 69, 104, 197–198, 208, 214–216, 220, 250, 339, 353, 421–423, 425–529, 445, 455, 619–620, 645, 647–648, 651–652, 654–655, 666, 675

Carlios, Chris Diaz, vol. XV, 639

Carlson, George W. H., vol. VII, 476; vol. XIII, 49

Carlson, Harry, vol. V, 191

Carpenter, R. B., vol. VII, 477

Carr, Waggoner: Testimony, vol. V, 258–260 Referred to, vol. IV, 164; vol. V, 46, 229–230, 233, 236, 238, 240, 243, 252, 254

Carradine, John, vol. XII, 366; vol. XIII, 137, 139

Carrico, Dr. Charles James: Testimony, vol. III, 357–366; vol. VI, 1–7 Referred to, vol. II, 362; vol. III, 367–370, 372–373, 376–378, 381; vol. VI, 8–11, 20, 29, 32, 35, 40–41, 46–47, 52–53, 58–59, 64, 69, 73–74, 80, 83, 114, 136–137, 140–141, 145, 149

Carrington, Paul, vol. V, 239

Carro, John: Testimony, vol. VIII, 202–214 Referred to, vol. I, 229–231

Carroll, Bob K.: Testimony, vol. VII, 17–26 Referred to, vol. III, 304; vol. VII, 50, 54–57, 59–60, 94–95, 547–548

Carroll, E. B., vol. V, 40–42

Carroll, Hazel, vol. V, 335

Carroll, Marion (Ruby), vol. V, 197; vol. XIV, 418, 443, 456, 461, 484, 491; vol. XV, 19, 30, 32–34, 279, 282–283

Carroll, Mickey, vol. XV, 361

Carswell, Robert, testimony, vol. IV, 299–300; vol. V, 486–487

Carter, Ammon, Jr., vol. I, 137

Carter, Arthur, vol. XV, 489

Carter, B. Tom, vol. IV, 415–417, 420

Carter, Clifton C.: Testimony, vol. VII, 474–475 Referred to, vol. II, 147, 152; vol. III, 172, 194; vol. V, 251, 254, 563; vol. VI, 118; vol. XIII, 139

Carter, George, vol. XI, 316–318

Carter, John, vol. II, 297

Carter, William N., vol. VII, 439

Carto, Willis, vol. XV, 717

Carver, J. L., vol. VII, 110

Casber, John A., vol. X, 420

Case, Bob, vol. XIII, 491

Case, John, vol. XIII, 413, 417

Case, John (Mrs.), vol. XIII, 413

Case, Wilma Jean, vol. XIII, 410

Cason, Frances (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. XIII, 89–94 Referred to, vol. XII, 350; vol. XIII, 100–102

Cason, Jack Charles: Affidavit, vol. VII, 379–380 Referred to, vol. IV, 43

Cason, Warren, vol. IV, 43

Cassisi, Peter, vol. VIII, 288

Caston, Jerome, vol. XII, 333–334

Caster, Warren: Testimony, vol. VII, 386–388 Referred to, vol. V, 1; vol. VII, 381–382, 390

Castilo, Sarah, vol. XI, 378

Castro, Fidel, vol. I, 24; vol. III, 19, 103; vol. IV, 224, 228, 239, 444; vol. V, 103, 112, 128–129, 201–202, 208, 235, 407; vol. VIII, 179, 187–188, 233, 240–241, 243–244, 255, 293, 442; vol. IX, 267, 314, 357, 370, 387, 421, 456; vol. X, 12, 28, 34–37, 39, 42–45, 47–48, 50, 56, 78, 212, 365, 370; vol. XI, 107–108, 111, 158–159, 161, 163, 165, 168, 329, 345, 348, 353, 357, 359, 361–364, 366, 369–371, 377, 401, 425; vol. XIV, 345, 347, 460; vol. XV, 43, 517, 559–561, 728

Castro, Raoul, vol. VIII, 240; vol. XV, 716

Cavallero, Eric, vol. XV, 741

Cernorsky, George, vol. XIV, 495

Chabot, Tommy, vol. XII, 79, 364, 370–371

Chambers, W. E., vol. XII, 163

Chaney, James A., vol. II, 43–45; vol. III, 266; vol. IV, 161; vol. VI, 294; vol. XII, 28

Chapoton, Tom E., vol. XII, 272, 340, 394; vol. XIII, 47, 186, 193

Charles, C. J. (Mrs.), vol. IX, 278

Charles, Clemard Joseph, vol. IX, 23–24, 277–278, 281

Chavin, Charlotte, vol. XIV, 447

Chavin, Sam, vol. XIV, 447

Chayes, Abram: Testimony, vol. V, 307–318, 327–346 Referred to, vol. V, 378, 384

Chazin, Sam, vol. XV, 22

Cheek, Bertha (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. XIII, 382–402 Referred to, vol. II, 297; vol. X, 299–300; vol. XIII, 374; vol. XIV, 80, 99–100, 109, 158, 637–638, 655

Cheek, Irwin, vol. XIII, 394

Cheek, John, vol. XIII, 394

Cheek, Lloyd, vol. XIII, 383

Chenault, Lynd, vol. XIV, 58

Chenault, W. O., vol. XIV, 58

Chernay, Alexander, vol. VIII, 429; vol. IX, 8–9

Cherry, Dave, vol. XIV, 345–346, 348, 350–352, 360–362

Chesher, William R., vol. XV, 50–51

Chester, Bob, vol. X, 113–114; vol. XI, 209

Choulous, Bill, vol. XIV, 480; vol. XV, 68

Chrichton, Jack, vol. IX, 106

Church, Lt. Col. George B., Jr.: Testimony, vol. XI, 115–116 Referred to, vol. XI, 118

Church, George B., Jr. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. XI, 116–117 Referred to, vol. XI, 118

Churchill, Pauline, vol. XV, 110

Cieplinski, Michael, vol. XI, 187–189, 199

Clardy, Barnard S.: Testimony, vol. XII, 403–414 Referred to, vol. XII, 257–258, 397, 402, 431–432; vol. XIII, 10–11, 17, 20, 30, 41–42, 49, 51–52, 54; vol. XV, 63–65, 129

Clark, Chesley, vol. XV, 729–730, 733, 742

Clark, I., vol. IX, 295, 301

Clark, Marsh, vol. XI, 317–318

Clark, Max E.: Testimony, vol. VIII, 343–355 Referred to, vol. II, 324, 335; vol. VIII, 369, 383, 410, 413, 430, 435, 466–467; vol. IX, 7, 17, 130, 143, 161, 219, 224, 227, 230, 235–236, 238–240, 260, 306–307, 314, 451; vol. XI, 119, 123, 133

Clark, Max E. (Mrs.), vol. I, 7; vol. VIII, 395, 401–405, 407–408, 410, 413, 430, 435, 466–467; vol. IX, 17, 130, 143, 161, 219, 222, 224, 227, 230, 239–240, 306, 314, 451; vol. XI, 119, 123, 133

Clark, Richard L.: Testimony, vol. VII, 235–239 Referred to, vol. VII, 125, 127, 166–170, 233–234, 242, 262, 264; vol. XIII, 186

Clark, William Kemp: Testimony, vol. VI, 18–30 Referred to, vol. II, 39, 81–82; vol. III, 360–361, 369, 371–376, 381–382; vol. VI, 4, 9–13, 40–41, 47, 49, 55, 61–62, 64, 70, 74, 81, 114, 142, 145, 148–149

Claverie, Aminthe, vol. VIII, 96–97, 99

Claverie, Charles, vol. VIII, 95–97, 158

Claverie, John, vol. VIII, 95–97, 158

Clayton, Bob, vol. XV, 557

Clements, Manning C.: Testimony, vol. VII, 318–322 Referred to, vol. IV, 217; vol. VII, 130, 132, 171, 173–174; vol. XIV, 163, 268; vol. XV, 59, 66, 68–70, 175

Click, Daryl, vol. II, 49–50, 294

Clifton, Chester V., vol. VII, 471

Cloy, Capt. Richard C., vol. XV, 738–741

Coates, T. R., vol. X, 410

Cobo, Al, vol. XIV, 377

Cobo, Edward A., vol. XIV, 375, 377

Cody, Joe, vol. XIII, 189; vol. XIV, 33, 91, 295, 616

Cody, Julie Anne. (See Rich, Nancy Perrin.)

Cohen, Marion, vol. VIII, 227

Cohen, Mickey, vol. XIV, 334

Coker, John, vol. VI, 216, 218

Cokes, Curtis, vol. XIII, 186

Cole, Alwyn, testimony, vol. IV, 358–403; vol. XV, 703–709

Cole, Dave. (See Cherry, Dave.)

Cole, Frances (Mrs.), vol. XIV, 496

Coleman, Kathy Kay. (See Olsen, Kay Helen.)

Coleman, Kennerd, vol. XIV, 641

Coleman, Sheri, vol. XIV, 636, 644

Coleman, Susan, vol. XIV, 636, 644

Coleman, Walter Kirk, vol. V, 448; vol. XI, 410–417

Coley, Jerry, vol. XV, 537, 540

Collins, Emma, vol. XV, 322, 335

Collins, Merv, vol. XV, 302–304, 306

Collins, Patsy, vol. VII, 152

Collins, “Rip,” vol. XV, 537

Colvin, Hershey, vol. XIV, 447; vol. XV, 22, 45

Comacho, Maxino, vol. IX, 187

Combest, B. H.: Testimony, vol. XII, 176–186 Referred to, vol. XII, 163; vol. XV, 83–85

Commance, Benny (Mrs.), vol. XI, 21

Comp, Charlie, vol. XIV, 375

Conforto, Janet Adams, vol. V, 207; vol. XII, 160; vol. XIII, 214, 420–421, 437, 494, 498–499; vol. XIV, 149, 606; vol. XV, 101, 199–200, 208, 210–211, 227, 265, 410–412, 416, 627

Connally, Gov. John B., Jr.: Testimony, vol. IV, 129–146 Referred to, vol. I, 72, 220, 224–225, 448–450, 457; vol. II, 39–41, 68, 74, 77, 79, 83, 90–92, 94–96, 100, 104, 115, 118, 124, 131, 133, 140–142, 151, 175, 313, 316, 319, 327, 332, 368, 374–376, 381–382, 399, 414; vol. III, 174, 266, 358, 379, 383, 389, 413; vol. IV, 103–116, 118–122, 124, 127–128, 146–149, 162, 180, 225–226, 231, 246, 275, 337, 354, 430; vol. V, 63–64, 67, 72–73, 75, 78–87, 92–97, 103–105, 131–134, 142, 148, 154–159, 165, 167–174, 176, 179–181, 184, 215, 232, 468, 563–566, 607–608, 610–611, 619; vol. VI, 2, 10, 24, 64, 73–75, 77–79, 83–87, 89–112, 114–118, 120–128, 130, 136, 144–150, 152, 208–209, 243–244, 292, 294; vol. VII, 219, 291, 304, 315, 347, 419, 421, 423, 441–443, 448–450, 455, 462, 465–466, 473, 475, 479–480, 488, 517, 519, 564, 572, 574; vol. VIII, 173, 193, 351, 374, 386, 405, 411; vol. IX, 48, 95, 149, 255, 325–326, 373, 471; vol. XI, 79, 145; vol. XII, 51, 63, 262; vol. XIV, 485; vol. XV, 78, 82, 242, 322, 391, 394, 508, 578, 630, 699–700, 727

Connally, John B., Jr. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. IV, 146–149 Referred to, vol. II, 40–41, 68, 74, 77, 79, 104, 115, 118, 124, 132, 133, 140, 152, 175; vol. IV, 103, 114, 116, 130–134, 143; vol. V, 131, 142, 156, 179, 181, 563–566; vol. VI, 92–94, 108–109, 136, 208, 239; vol. VII, 462, 466, 517; vol. XV, 699

Connell, C. L. (Mrs.), vol. XI, 379–381

Connelly, Joan (Miss), vol. I, 265–266, 282–283

Connor, Peter Francis: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 317 Referred to, vol. VIII, 288

Conrad, Ivan W., vol. III, 476

Considine, Bob, vol. II, 38; vol. XI, 419, 440

Conway, Herman, vol. VIII, 121

Conway, Hiram L., vol. VIII, 90

Conway, Hiram P.: Testimony, vol. VIII, 84–90 Referred to, vol. XI, 34

Conway, Hiram P. (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 86, 88

Cook, Dickerson, vol. XI, 355

Cook, Joe, vol. XIII, 378; vol. XIV, 60

Cooke, Leon, vol. XIII, 71; vol. XIV, 419–420, 445

Cooksey, Lee, vol. XIII, 417

Cooley, Sherman, vol. VIII, 303; vol. XI, 111

Corbat, Stanley, vol. XIV, 176–180, 183–184, 190–191, 193

Corday, Mickey, vol. XIII, 415

Cornwall, F. I., vol. XII, 74, 79, 81, 160, 185, 198–199, 293, 387

Corporon, John, affidavit, vol. XI, 471

Corrigan, Leo, vol. IX, 18

Couch, Malcolm O.: Testimony, vol. VI, 153–162 Referred to, vol. II, 162; vol. IV, 163

Coulon, Elton J., vol. XII, 260

Coulter, Harris: Testimony, vol. V, 408–410 Referred to, vol. V, 404, 413

Counter, Charles, vol. XIV, 98

Courtney, Kent, vol. XV, 720–721

Courtney, Kent (Mrs.), vol. XV, 721

Cowzert, Davey, vol. VI, 240–241

Cox, Jimmy, vol. I, 245, 259

Cox, Roland A., testimony, vol. XV, 153–159

Coxsey, J. L., vol. XIV, 36

Crafard, Alice Irene, vol. XIII, 403

Crafard, Alice LaLaine, vol. XIII, 404

Crafard, Curtis LaVerne (Larry): Testimony, vol. XIII, 402–506; vol. XIV, 1–95 Referred to, vol. I, 239, 436; vol. II, 296; vol. III, 95; vol. V, 186, 203; vol. XII, 296, 337; vol. XIII, 207–208, 237–238, 251–252, 255, 327–329, 334–339, 343, 346–348, 352, 376–377; vol. XIV, 148, 218–220, 223–224, 227, 299, 308, 406, 433, 469, 567; vol. XV, 41, 103, 335, 341, 413, 415, 455, 494, 557, 647–648, 661

Crafard, Edward D., vol. XIII, 403, 414

Crafard, Gary Harold, vol. XIII, 404

Crafard, Hugh, vol. XIII, 403

Craft, J. M., vol. IV, 277

Craig, Roger D.: Testimony, vol. VI, 260–273 Referred to, vol. IV, 245; vol. VII, 404

Cranks, Johnny, vol. XIV, 502

Craven, Bob, vol. XIII, 416–419, 497; vol. XIV, 91

Crawford, James N.: Testimony, vol. VI, 171–174 Referred to, vol. VI, 175–176

Crawford, John M., vol. XIV, 61, 286

Crawford, Thomas W., vol. XV, 241

Creel, Robert J., affidavit, vol. XI, 477

Crenshaw, Dr. Charles, vol. VI, 31–32, 40, 60, 80–81, 141

Crenshaw, E. L., vol. XII, 214

Crespi, Pio (Mrs.), vol. IX, 13, 19

Crissey, Edgar, vol. V, 505

Cronkite, Walter, vol. XI, 243, 246–248

Crossley, Taylor, vol. XIV, 451

Crowe, William D., Jr.: Testimony, vol. XV, 96–114 Referred to, vol. V, 183; vol. XI, 422; vol. XIII, 219, 343, 368–369, 376, 427, 499; vol. XIV, 12–13, 51, 67, 109, 131–132, 467; vol. XV, 201, 280, 426, 725–726

Crowe, William D., III, vol. XV, 97

Crowley, James D., affidavit, vol. XI, 482

Croy, Kenneth Hudson: Testimony, vol. XII, 186–206 Referred to, vol. XIII, 381–382, 384

Crull, Elgin: Testimony, vol. XV, 138–145 Referred to, vol. IV, 159; vol. V, 239; vol. VII, 477, 481–482, 484; vol. XII, 27, 39; vol. XV, 350

Crump, John E., vol. XI, 185–189

Crump. L. C., vol. XII, 88, 139

Crumpton, Ralph, vol. XV, 537

Cruz, Miguel, vol. X, 37, 53

Cuaka, John, vol. VIII, 301

Cugat, Xavier, vol. XIV, 291

Cullum, A. W., vol. IV, 336; vol. VII, 335

Cunkle, Jerry, vol. V, 189

Cunningham, Cortlandt: Testimony, vol. II, 251–253; vol. III, 451–496; vol. VII, 591 Referred to, vol. III, 403, 420, 438, 440; vol. IV, 236; vol. VII, 590

Cunningham, E. I., vol. VII, 118, 197, 222–223; vol. XII, 367

Cunningham, Helen P. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. X, 117–136; vol. XI, 477–478 Referred to, vol. VIII, 366, 388; vol. X, 142, 145–148, 152, 154–156

Cunningham, Lon, vol. VI, 384

Curry, Jesse E.: Testimony, vol. IV, 150–202; vol. XII, 25–24; vol. XV, 124–133, 641 Referred to, vol. I, 81; vol. II, 36, 39, 44, 50, 68, 153–154, 197–198; vol. III, 244, 259, 463; vol. IV, 202, 205, 208, 221, 242, 248, 328, 330–331, 338, 354–355, 464–465, 469; vol. V, 32, 35, 39, 42, 44–45, 47, 50–54, 99–100, 104, 111, 115, 188–189, 216–218, 220, 222, 225, 227–229, 237, 239, 251, 257, 566; vol. VI, 248, 317–319, 326, 370; vol. VII, 79, 121, 132, 147, 159, 175–176, 218, 253, 257, 262, 266, 300–301, 323, 328–329, 336, 341, 357–359, 480–484, 490, 577, 580, 582, 584–585, 589; vol. XII, 2–4, 6–10, 12–13, 15, 21, 47, 48, 54–56, 60, 73–74, 85, 95, 97–100, 107, 111, 122, 131, 138, 144, 170, 176, 178, 184, 188, 207, 212, 223–224, 259, 264–265, 267, 272, 278, 287, 293, 298, 328, 330–331, 339–340, 342, 352, 356, 371, 373, 379–381, 389, 393, 405, 418, 430–431, 433, 441–442, 447; vol. XIII, 4, 7, 14, 17, 26, 28, 47, 55, 61–63, 72, 74–77, 79, 81, 132, 189–190, 276, 281; vol. XIV, 484, 637; vol. XV, 52, 57–59, 63, 83–85, 87, 115–116, 119–123, 134–136, 139–145, 147, 149, 182, 184–188, 251, 326, 331, 351, 363, 367–368, 375, 380, 459–461, 463–464, 505, 508, 510–513, 525, 587–588, 590, 592–593, 604–605

Curtis, A. L., vol. VII, 578; vol. XII, 198–199

Curtis, Vice President Charles, vol. V, 119

Curtis, Dr. Don Teel: Testimony, vol. VI, 57–60 Referred to, vol. III, 359–360, 363; vol. VI, 2, 4, 11, 40, 53, 67

Curtis, F. M., vol. XIV, 98

Cutchshaw, Wilbur Jay: Testimony, vol. XII, 206–225 Referred to, vol. XII, 163, 238, 240, 247, 255–258, 274, 303, 312; vol. XIII, 30, 34–35

Czarnecki, Stanley S., vol. XV, 380

Czik, Tibbet, vol. VIII, 295

Czolgoz, Leon, vol. IV, 305

D

Dale, Joy. (See McDonald, Joyce Lee.)

Daley, J. J., vol. V, 556

Daley, Mazy, vol. VII, 525

Dalk, Andrea, vol. XIV, 59

Dallman, John E., vol. XII, 162, 170, 178, 187, 233, 264, 288, 404; vol. XIII, 113; vol. XV, 436, 445

Dalrymple, Ed, vol. IV, 429

Dameron, Charlie, vol. XI, 242

Daniels, John L.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 296–299 Referred to, vol. XIII, 300–302

Daniels, Napoleon J.: Testimony, vol. XII, 225–234 Referred to, vol. IV, 189; vol. XII, 82, 288–291, 361–363, 369

Daniels, Nathaniel, vol. XV, 682

Dann, Sol, vol. XIV, 410, 412–416, 506, 513, 578–579

Darnell, James, vol. VI, 155, 163, 167

Darwin, Bill, vol. I, 453–454

Daugherty, Sam, vol. XV, 524

David, Glen, vol. XIII, 229

Davidson, Lula B., vol. XIII, 386

Davis, A. L., vol. XV, 676

Davis, Annette, vol. VI, 456

Davis, Avery, vol. VI, 391, 393

Davis, Barbara Jeannette (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. III, 342–350 Referred to, vol. IV, 217; vol. VI, 456, 458, 461, 463–464, 466; vol. VII, 153–154, 156–157, 250–251

Davis, Benjamin J., vol. IX, 420; vol. X, 108

Davis, Eddie, vol. VIII, 41

Davis, Floyd Guy: Testimony, vol. X, 356–363 Referred to, vol. X, 364, 370–372, 377, 379, 387

Davis, James Lee, vol. VI, 456

Davis, June, vol. II, 402

Davis, Lester G., vol. X, 223

Davis, Myra, vol. VIII, 41–42, 44

Davis, Nathaniel, vol. XI, 182

Davis, Preston M., vol. XI, 332–333, 335–336

Davis, Roland, vol. XIII, 351

Davis, Troy Lee, vol. III, 342, 346; vol. VI, 456, 461

Davis, Virginia (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VI, 454–468 Referred to, vol. III, 343, 346–347; vol. IV, 217; vol. VII, 153–154, 157, 250

Davis, Virginia Louise: Testimony, vol. X, 363–369 Referred to, vol. X, 370–372

Dawson, Jesse R., vol. VI, 355; vol. XII, 397, 408; vol. XIII, 42

Day, J. C.: Testimony, vol. IV, 249–278; vol. VII, 401–402 Referred to, vol. III, 293, 295, 479; vol. IV, 205–206, 211, 220, 238; vol. V, 220; vol. VII, 47, 97, 103, 107, 122, 138–140, 148, 153–154, 161–163, 183–185, 271, 277–278, 287–288, 380, 403; vol. XIII, 105

Dean, Patrick Trevore: Testimony, vol. V, 254–258; vol. XII, 415–449 Referred to, vol. IV, 197, 244–245; vol. V, 232, 244–248; vol. XII, 21–22, 40, 56, 78, 97, 105, 113, 116–118, 141–143, 147, 166, 168–169, 173, 257–258, 286, 309, 319–320, 327–328, 336, 338, 344, 355–356, 358, 364, 368; vol. XIII, 11, 33, 35, 38, 50–54, 66–67, 69, 76, 79–81, 118; vol. XIV, 427–428; vol. XV, 65, 185, 188–189, 285–286

De Brueys, Warren, vol. III, 414, 474; vol. VII, 476; vol. X, 34–35; vol. XI, 352–353, 361–363, 367

Decker, J. E.: Testimony, vol. XII, 42–52 Referred to, vol. II, 68, 181; vol. III, 283–284; vol. IV, 161, 170, 175, 186, 233, 242, 328; vol. V, 215, 242; vol. VI, 196–197, 220–221, 244–245, 262, 265, 316–320; vol. VII, 121–123, 159, 162–163, 218, 480, 548–549, 588, 610–611; vol. XII, 6–9, 12, 28, 35–37, 54, 76, 81, 110, 123–124, 389, 417; vol. XIII, 19, 305–306, 356; vol. XIV, 268, 505, 507–510, 577–578, 583; vol. XV, 116, 122, 126–127, 134–135, 251, 504, 526

Decker, J. E. (Mrs.), vol. VII, 545

Deen, George C., vol. XI, 424

De Gaulle, Charles, vol. V, 107; vol. XI, 108

De Lacy, Tex, vol. XIV, 79, 277

DeLaune, Gary, vol. XV, 253, 264–266, 434, 437

Delderfield, Horace, vol. XIV, 380

Delgado, Nelson: Testimony, vol. VIII, 228–265 Referred to, vol. VIII, 288, 302, 319, 323

Dell, Lee, vol. XIV, 362

DeMar, Billy. (See Crowe, William D., Jr.)

Demaria, Frank, vol. V, 519

De Menil, John (Jean), vol. IX, 16–17, 21, 23–25, 278–279

De Mohrenschildt, Alexandra. (See Gibson, Donald (Mrs.).)

De Mohrenschildt, Ferdinand, vol. IX, 173

De Mohrenschildt, George S.: Testimony, vol. IX, 166–284 Referred to, vol. I, 7, 9, 11, 14, 18, 30–32, 34–35, 61–62, 395–396, 439; vol. II, 9, 306–307, 309, 318, 326–327, 329, 332, 436–437, 439, 443, 474; vol. III, 114; vol. V, 416–419, 596, 603, 619–620; vol. VIII, 336, 352–354, 358, 367–369, 373, 377, 389–390, 399, 419, 430–442, 444–447, 455–464, 466–472; vol. IX, 12–20, 22–27, 44, 46–48, 50, 52, 54–59, 75–78, 84–86, 95–96, 99–103, 120–124, 129, 159, 164–165, 291, 299, 302–305, 308, 313, 317–318, 330–331, 451; vol. X, 3–8, 10–26, 28, 30–31; vol. XI, 119, 124, 151, 296–298, 396–397, 427–428

De Mohrenschildt, Jeanne (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. IX, 285–331 Referred to, vol. I, 9, 14, 18, 32; vol. II, 9, 306–307, 309, 318, 326, 436–437, 439, 443, 474; vol. III, 114; vol. V, 603; vol. VIII, 367–369, 389, 431, 433–437, 439–440, 444–447, 458, 463–467, 470–471; vol. IX, 14–15, 18, 25–26, 47, 49–50, 55–56, 58, 75–78, 84, 86–87, 89, 95–98, 100–103, 121–123, 129, 164–165, 204, 206, 210, 215, 224, 232, 235, 248–250, 256, 264–265, 272, 279, 283; vol. X, 4–10, 14–21, 23–26, 28, 30–31; vol. XI, 119, 124–125, 151, 297–298

De Mohrenschildt, Nadejeda, vol. IX, 198–199, 201

De Mohrenschildt, Sergei, vol. IX, 198–200, 208

Demurs, Robert, vol. VIII, 317

Denham, W. H., vol. VII, 586

Dennison, Robert A., vol. VI, 100; vol. XIV, 474–475; vol. XV, 32–33

Denton, Robert, vol. IX, 200

Denture, Henry, vol. XIV, 11, 293

De Pinillos, Joaquin Martinez, vol. X, 50; vol. XI, 378

Devoire, Pete, vol. XV, 418–420

Dhority, C. N.: Testimony, vol. VII, 149–158, 380 Referred to, vol. VI, 464; vol. VII, 69, 99, 134, 177, 249–251, 264, 266, 272, 275, 279, 285, 401–402, 404; vol. XII, 19, 102, 104; vol. XIII, 2–4, 7, 24; vol. XV, 151

Dial (Diaz), Kirk, vol. XIV, 57

Dies, Martin, vol. XV, 732–733

Dietrich, Edward C.: Testimony, vol. XV, 269–275 Referred to, vol. XV, 166–161, 163–164, 166, 170–171, 173–175, 177–179

Di Gangi, Joseph, vol. XV, 238

Dillard, Tom C.: Testimony, vol. VI, 162–167 Referred to, vol. II, 158, 162, 164; vol. VI, 155, 168; vol. XV, 697–698

Dillehay, P., vol. XIII, 187

Dillon, Hon. C. Douglas, testimony, vol. V, 573–588

Dimarchi, John P., vol. V, 550

Dinatele, John, vol. XIV, 337

Dmovskaya, Olga, vol. I, 103

Dobbs, Farrell: Testimony, vol. X, 109–116; vol. XI, 208–209 Referred to, vol. IX, 420

Dodd, R. C., vol. VI, 228, 230, 237, 240–241

Dolen, James, vol. XIV, 601–602

Dolson, “Pappy,” vol. XV, 89, 210, 214, 421–422, 424, 676

Donabedian, George, testimony, vol. VIII, 311–315

Donahue, Jimmy, vol. IX, 195

Donovan, John E.: Testimony, vol. VIII, 289–303 Referred to, vol. VIII, 288; vol. XI, 105; vol. XV, 715

Dooley, Tom, vol. IV, 102

Dorman, Elsie, vol. VI, 388

Dotson, James, vol. XIV, 20, 295

Dotty, Clark, vol. XIV, 10–11, 293

Dougherty, Jack Edwin: Testimony, vol. VI, 373–382 Referred to, vol. III, 182, 229, 237–238; vol. IV, 43, 221; vol. VI, 365; vol. VII, 196–197; vol. XV, 136

Doughty, George, vol. IV, 255; vol. VII, 80, 132, 174, 402

Dowe, Kenneth Lawry: Testimony, vol. XV, 430–438 Referred to, vol. XV, 264, 491

Downey, Bill, vol. XIV, 234, 255, 261–262, 300, 305

Dragna, Jack, vol. XIV, 334

Drain, Vincent E., vol. III, 414, 474; vol. IV, 82, 254, 256, 269; vol. V, 72, 218; vol. VII, 276, 339, 402, 404; vol. XII, 40, 63, 122; vol. XV, 94–95, 127, 352, 354, 597

Droby, C. A., vol. XIII, 70

Dubinsky, David, vol. II, 390

Ducharme, Leon, vol. V, 514

Dudman, Richard, vol. II, 39, 41; vol. VI, 36–37

Duff, William, vol. XI, 413–416, 425

Dugger, Ronnie, vol. II, 42

Duke, James, vol. IV, 103; vol. VI, 78, 84, 110, 117

Duke, Wilfred V., vol. XI, 214

Dulany, Richard B.: Testimony, vol. VI, 113–115 Referred to, vol. III, 358–384; vol. VI, 2, 11, 46, 52–53, 69, 73–74

Dulles, Allen W., vol. XV, 731

Duncan, Glenn, vol. XII, 435, 449; vol. XV, 253–254, 256, 267, 366, 433–434, 529, 531–532, 561

Duncan, Teddy G., vol. VII, 240

Duncan, Weldon, vol. XIV, 449

Duncan, William Glenn, Jr., testimony, vol. XV, 482–488

Dunn, Timothy, vol. VIII, 208, 214

Dunn, Tommy, vol. VI, 152

Dunnaway, Chuck, vol. XIV, 278; vol. XV, 432, 435–436

Duranty, Walter, vol. XI, 449

Dutton, Fred, vol. I, 188

Dutton, Robert, vol. VI, 151

Duvalier, Francois, vol. IX, 16, 19–20, 167

Dwyer, Bill, vol. X, 75, 79

Dwyer, Paul, vol. VIII, 30

Dyer, Frank, vol. XV, 749

Dymitruk, Lydia (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. IX, 60–72 Referred to, vol. V, 419; vol. VIII, 355, 424; vol. IX, 33, 44, 219, 245, 307, 324; vol. XI, 119

Dyson, Frank, vol. V, 35, 46

Dyson, J. W., vol. XII, 196

Dziemian, Dr. Arthur J.: Testimony, vol. V, 90–94 Referred to, vol. V, 75, 86, 94–95

E

Eames, Doris E. (Mrs.), vol. X, 274

Eaton, Ed, vol. XIII, 485

Eaton, Ed (Mrs.), vol. XIII, 485–488

Eaton, Gail, vol. XIII, 486; vol. XIV, 38–39, 43

Eberhardt, A. M.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 181–195 Referred to, vol. XII, 264–265

Eberhardt, Mike, vol. XIV, 59

Ebersole, John, vol. II, 349

Edwards, A. L., vol. VII, 261

Edwards, Robert Edwin: Testimony, vol. VI, 200–205 Referred to, vol. VI, 192–193, 195–197; vol. VII, 220

Egger, Charles, vol. XV, 76, 78, 88

Ehrlich, Thomas, vol. V, 302–303, 334, 343–344, 384

Eisenberg, Stanley, vol. XIV, 423

Eisenhower, President Dwight D., vol. II, 113; vol. IV, 318, 321; vol. V, 101, 106, 574; vol. VII, 333; vol. VIII, 466; vol. XI, 450

Eisenhower, Dwight D. (Mrs.), vol. II, 113

Eisman, Bob, vol. XIV, 290, 498

Ekdahl, Edwin, vol. I, 226, 250–253, 255, 269, 271, 274–282, 291–292, 298, 316, 365; vol. VIII, 49–53, 55, 66–68, 73, 107–119, 162, 183, 201; vol. XI, 16, 18, 20–29, 31, 50, 73, 75–76, 78, 472–473

Ellington, Alfred C., vol. VI, 376, 380; vol. XV, 436

Elliott, Lula Jean (Miss), vol. VIII, 325–326, 328–329

Ellis, Dan, vol. V, 226

Ellis, Stavis, vol. VII, 581

Embers, Cindy, vol. XIII, 360

Emery, Joel, vol. XV, 749

English, A. I., vol. X, 424

English, Harold, vol. XV, 462

Enriquez, Teniente, vol. XIV, 335

Epstein, Harry, vol. XIV, 368, 442–443; vol. XV, 21, 44–45

Erisman, Fred, vol. XIV, 399–400, 473

Eritt, Marty, vol. XIV, 404; vol. XV, 22, 36

Ernest, Nancy, vol. XIV, 650

Esquaville, Archie, vol. XIV, 275

Euins, Amos: Testimony, vol. II, 201–210 Referred to, vol. VI, 170, 310, 312–313; vol. VII, 349–351

Evans, E. J., vol. XIV, 26, 294

Evans, Julian: Testimony, vol. VIII, 66–75 Referred to, vol. VIII, 45–46

Evans, Lew, vol. I, 471

Evans, Myrtle (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VIII, 45–75 Referred to, vol. VIII, 67–69, 71, 123, 138; vol. XI, 18, 23

Evans, Sidney, Jr.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 195–201 Referred to, vol. XIII, 262–265; vol. XIV, 242

Evans, Walter, vol. XV, 359–351, 353–354

Everett, Jim, vol. XII, 121, 366

Evstratova, Katrina, vol. II, 295

Ewell, Jim, vol. VII, 47

F

Fader, Hyman, vol. XIV, 455

Fain, John W.: Testimony, vol. IV, 403–430 Referred to, vol. I, 166, 217, 423–426, 428–430; vol. IV, 441, 443, 445–446, 458; vol. V, 5, 8, 15

Fannin, W. C., vol. XII, 92

Fanning, Bill, vol. XIV, 602, 604

Farmer, Patricia, vol. XIV, 613, 622

Farr, Jim, vol. XII, 350; vol. XIII, 91, 93

Farrar, Burt, vol. IV, 359

Farrell, Herbert D., vol. XI, 25

Farrell, Richard, vol. XI, 95

Faubus, Gov. Orval E., vol. IX, 200, 269

Faust, Ham, vol. XIV, 290

Faye, Bobby, vol. V, 200; vol. XV, 209, 213, 248–249

Fayette, Rufus, vol. XV, 285

Fehmer, Marie, vol. II, 98

Fehrenbach, George William, testimony, vol. XV, 289–321

Feiwell, Morris, vol. XV, 11–12

Feldman, Harold, vol. XV, 640

Feldsott, Louis, affidavit, vol. XI, 205

Fenley, Robert Gene: Testimony, vol. XI, 314–318 Referred to, vol. XI, 311–312; vol. XV, 84–86

Fernandez, Fernando, vol. X, 43–45, 48–49

Ferrie, David, vol. VII, 14, 29–31

Fields, Joe, vol. VII, 45, 110

Fillman, Fred, vol. XIV, 276

Fillmore, Gloria, vol. XIII, 353, 359; vol. XIV, 70

Finck, Lt. Col. Pierre A.: Testimony, vol. II, 377–384 Referred to, vol. II, 93–94, 103, 309, 350, 355, 357, 359–360, 364, 373, 375; vol. V, 142; vol. VI, 25

Finer, Sherry, vol. X, 113

Fischer Louis, vol. XI, 449

Fischer, Ronald B.: Testimony, vol. VI, 191–200 Referred to, vol. VI, 201, 203–205; vol. VII, 201–202, 220–221, 226

Fishbein, Oscar, vol. XV, 6

Fisher, Frank, vol. XIII, 387, 400–401; vol. XIV, 32, 120, 295

Fisher, N. T., vol. XII, 9, 28, 53–54, 107, 109, 122, 368–370, 436

Fisher, Paul, vol. XV, 6

Fisher, Pete, vol. XV, 73

Fitzell, Frank, vol. X, 420

Fitzell, Grace, vol. X, 420

Flanagan, John J., vol. XV, 140

Fleming, Harold J.: Testimony, vol. XV, 159–168 Referred to, vol. XII, 8–9, 12–13, 99; vol. XV, 116–117, 169–171, 173, 176–181, 269–274

Fleming, Ian, vol. IX, 420

Flemmons, Jerry, vol. II, 43

Flere, I. J. (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 411

Fletcher, Ernie, vol. XIV, 287

Fliger, Serge, vol. XII, 448

Flowers, Herman, vol. XIV, 295

Flynn, Elizabeth, vol. X, 98, 100–101

Foch, Pauline, vol. XIV, 279

Folkner, William E., vol. V, 550

Folsom, Lt. Col. Allison G., Jr.: Testimony, vol. VIII, 303–311 Referred to, vol. VIII, 312

Fomenko, Michail Lev, vol. IX, 285

Fomenko, Sergei Michail, vol. IX, 285, 290

Forbes, Kathleen (Schroeder), vol. II, 391

Ford, Chuck, vol. XII, 27

Ford, Declan P.: Testimony, vol. II, 322–337 Referred to, vol. I, 266, 283, 402–403, 416, 418, 491–492; vol. II, 296; vol. III, 114–115; vol. VIII, 365, 367–370, 387–391, 433; vol. IX, 28–30, 39, 41, 58, 127–128, 161, 164–165, 220, 233, 243–244, 253, 305, 319; vol. XI, 119, 297

Ford, Katherine N. (Katya) (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. II, 295–322 Referred to, vol. I, 7, 11, 60, 266, 283–284, 341, 402–403, 418, 491–492; vol. II, 9, 10, 30, 323; vol. III, 114, 125, 470; vol. V, 397, 404, 418–419, 603–604, 607, 619; vol. VIII, 364–365, 367–370, 373, 377–378, 387–391, 416–417, 419–424, 433; vol. IX, 28–29, 31–33, 40–41, 43–44, 126–128, 161, 164–165, 220, 233, 244–245, 253, 264–265, 310, 319, 325, 354–356; vol. XI, 119, 296–297

Foreman, Percy, vol. XIV, 398–400, 473, 478, 481–482; vol. XV, 37

Forman, Mary (Miss), vol. III, 3

Forney James J., vol. X, 420

Fortgang, Blanca, vol. XV, 36

Foster, Howard, vol. XIV, 276

Foster, J. W.: Testimony, vol. VI, 248–253 Referred to, vol. IV, 174, 190; vol. VI, 254, 256; vol. VII, 586

Foster, Sam, vol. II, 180

Fowler, Clayton, vol. XIV, 583, 585–586, 597

Fox, Martin, vol. V, 205–206, 208

Fox, Mary (Mrs.), vol. IX, 257

Fraiss, Pierre, vol. IX, 183–184

Francis, Bess Mildred (Miss), vol. X, 424

Frazier, Buell Wesley: Testimony, vol. II, 210–245; vol. VII, 531 Referred to, vol. I, 51, 53, 55, 67, 73, 123–124, 245, 247–248; vol. III, 34, 36, 40, 67–68, 74, 126–127; vol. IV, 218–219, 223, 229, 233; vol. VI, 328, 355, 359; vol. VII, 192, 206, 230; vol. IX, 373, 448

Frazier, Robert A.: Testimony, vol. III, 390–441; vol. V, 58–74, 165–174; vol. VII, 590 Referred to, vol. III, 463, 481, 487, 491, 493, 503; vol. V, 143–148, 150, 155; vol. VII, 435, 591

Frazier, W. B.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 52–58 Referred to, vol. XI, 391; vol. XII, 49, 98, 109–110, 126, 417–418; vol. XV, 183

Fredricksen, Norman, vol. IX, 129, 134, 257, 452; vol. X, 20–21, 25

Fredricksen, Norman (Mrs.), vol. IX, 134, 257, 452; vol. X, 25

Freedman, Ted, vol. XV, 521, 525

Freeman, H. R., vol. VII, 28

Freers, Edward L., vol. V, 265, 279, 570–571

French, Jack, vol. XIII, 234

Fritz, John Will: Testimony, vol. IV, 202–249; vol. VII, 403–404; vol. XV, 145–153 Referred to, vol. I, 148, 450–457, 459, 461; vol. II, 49; vol. III, 146–147, 230, 239, 284–286, 289, 293–295; vol. IV, 152–154, 157, 162, 165–166, 171–172, 175–177, 180–181, 186–189, 195–196, 200, 239, 248, 253, 258–261, 263–264, 334, 357, 465, 467–468, 470, 472, 475; vol. V, 35–36, 49–50, 56, 72, 188–189, 218–220, 225, 227, 228, 235, 237, 239, 245–246, 253–254; vol. VI, 269–271, 273, 314, 322, 324, 355, 369; vol. VII, 45, 47, 59–62, 97, 99, 101–102, 107, 109, 118, 120–123, 129–130, 132–133, 135, 145, 150, 152, 155–159, 162–165, 169–171, 173–180, 183–185, 187–189, 203, 207, 209, 224, 228–229, 231–233, 236, 248, 253, 256–258, 261–262, 266–269, 278, 281–285, 287, 293, 296–302, 309–311, 314–315, 317–318, 320, 323, 352–354, 350–359, 380, 382–385, 403, 500, 590, 592; vol. IX, 107, 116; vol. X, 388; vol. XII, 2, 7, 12–13, 30–32, 35, 37–38, 40, 45–47, 49, 54–56, 62–63, 78, 92–94, 100, 104, 124, 131, 136–137, 216, 257, 348, 376, 390–391, 398, 405, 409, 417–418; vol. XIII, 2–7, 10–11, 14–17, 19, 24–26, 28–36, 46, 57–63, 66, 69–74, 79, 272, 275–276; vol. XIV, 108, 309; vol. XV, 54–55, 58, 64–65, 85, 121, 123, 125, 128, 132, 136–137, 191, 351–352, 368–369, 375, 380, 382, 496–503, 506–509, 511–512, 587, 591–592, 602

Fruend, Carl, vol. XV, 528

Fuhrman, Margaret Dorothy (Mrs.), vol. XI, 1, 36, 38–42

Fuller, Mickey, vol. XIII, 39

Fuqua, Harold R.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 141–146 Referred to, vol. XII, 364; vol. XIII, 147, 152–153, 161, 164–165, 169, 171–177

Futterman, Harry C., vol. XIV, 376

G

Gadash, Arnold Clyde, vol. V, 194; vol. XV, 565–566

Gadash, Pat. (See Gadash, Arnold Clyde.)

Gage, Katy, vol. X, 300

Gallagher, John F.: Testimony, vol. XV, 746–752 Referred to, vol. V, 67, 69

Gallagher, Mary, vol. V, 566

Gambolis, James, vol. III, 319

Gambolus, Sam, vol. VII, 503

Gangl, Theodore Frank: Testimony, vol. XI, 478–479 Referred to, vol. X, 170

Gannaway, Pat, vol. V, 33, 39, 42, 45–47, 50–51, 56–57; vol. VII, 407–409, 580; vol. XII, 73; vol. XV, 50

Garcia, Hector José, vol. XI, 357

Garcia, Kay, vol. XV, 406–407

Gardner, Ava, vol. V, 208

Garfield, President James Abram, vol. XV, 331

Garland, Homer, vol. XIII, 167

Garner, Darrell Wayne, vol. XI, 438, 440–441, 464

Garner, Dorothy Mae, vol. VI, 388

Garner, Jesse (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. X, 264–277 Referred to, vol. VIII, 62

Garner, Jesse J.: Affidavit, vol. X, 276–277 Referred to, vol. X, 270

Garrett, Richard, vol. VIII, 80–81

Garrick, J. B., vol. VII, 28

Garris, James E., vol. XIV, 133; vol. XV, 537, 573, 577

Garza, Manuel, vol. IX, 187

Gauthier, Leo J.: Testimony, vol. V, 135–138 Referred to, vol. II, 195; vol. V, 141, 143–144, 162

Gaydosch, Clyde. (See Gadash, Arnold Clyde.)

Gelich, Peter, vol. VI, 151

Gemberling, Robert P., vol. II, 92, 131, 201

Genovese, Tony, vol. XIV, 353–354

Genovese, Vito, vol. XIV, 353–355

George, M. Waldo, affidavit, vol. XI, 155–156

George, M. Waldo (Mrs.), vol. XI, 155–156

George, Sam, vol. XIV, 286

Geraci, Philip, III: Testimony, vol. X, 74–81 Referred to, vol. X, 35–36, 82, 85–86

Gertz, Elmer, vol. XV, 36

Giancarlo, Gene, vol. XV, 61

Giannecchini, Aldo A., vol. XV, 250

Gibson, Ann, vol. XIV, 290

Gibson, Don, vol. IX, 102; vol. XI, 152

Gibson, Donald (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. XI, 123–153 Referred to, vol. VIII, 399, 407, 431, 442, 459; vol. IX, 75, 77, 83, 85, 94, 97–98, 100–101, 188, 204–205, 228, 230, 234, 257, 269, 271, 283, 296, 303–304, 321, 451; vol. XI, 120–121

Gibson, John, testimony, vol. VII, 70–74

Giesecke, Dr. Adolph H., Jr.: Testimony, vol. VI, 72–76 Referred to, vol. III, 370–371; vol. IV, 103; vol. VI, 11, 23–24, 46–47, 64, 76, 78–79, 84, 114, 122

Gifford, Dick, vol. XIV, 25–26, 294

Gill, Charles, vol. XIII, 167, 169

Gill, Dean, vol. VI, 50

Gilmore, J. R., vol. XII, 76, 78; vol. XIII, 324–325

Gilreath, Jimmy, vol. XIV, 334

Gimpel, Martin, vol. XIV, 116, 138, 290, 307, 454–455; vol. XV, 21, 45

Givens, Charles Douglas: Testimony, vol. VI, 345–356 Referred to, vol. III, 165, 167–168, 182–183, 202, 208; vol. IV, 43; vol. V, 35–36; vol. VI, 321, 330–331, 337, 361, 364–365, 377; vol. VII, 382, 385–386, 390, 394–395

Glazbrook, Kenneth, vol. V, 520, 530, 532

Glazer, Joe, vol. V, 200; vol. XIV, 459

Gleiber, Frank, vol. XV, 261

Glover, Burt, vol. X, 317, 321, 325–326

Glover, Everett D.: Testimony, vol. X, 1–32 Referred to, vol. I, 36; vol. II, 393, 404, 433–437, 442–443; vol. IX, 129, 243, 253, 256–257, 259, 318–319, 366, 392, 451–452; vol. XI, 396

Godi, Jewel, vol. I, 438

Goin, Don Edward: Testimony, vol. XV, 168–174 Referred to, vol. XV, 160–161, 166, 177–179, 270–274

Gold, John, vol. VII, 525

Golden, John, vol. XV, 47

Golder, Frank, vol. VIII, 357

Goldstein, David, affidavit, vol. VII, 594

Goldstein, Frankie, vol. XIV, 443, 458, 460

Goldstein, Ruby, vol. VII, 357

Goldwater, Senator Barry, vol. V, 500, 506, 533; vol. IX, 207; vol. XI, 433; vol. XV, 224

Golman, Joe, vol. VII, 477

Golovachev, Pavel, vol. I, 38, 106–107; vol. V, 592; vol. IX, 146, 152

Gonzalez, Representative Henry, vol. VI, 118; vol. VII, 475; vol. XV, 76, 78

Goodman, Betty, vol. XV, 326

Goodson, Clyde Franklin, testimony, vol. XV, 596–600

Goolsby, Charles, vol. XII, 134, 163, 208–209, 221, 240–242, 245, 273, 302, 306

Gopadze, Lee, vol. I, 405, 409–411, 447, 473, 475–477, 481; vol. II, 9, 18, 316, 393–394; vol. V, 413

Gordon, Sam, vol. XIV, 419; vol. XV, 21, 45

Goulden, Joe, vol. V, 243, 253

Graef, John G.: Testimony, vol. X, 174–194 Referred to, vol. X, 170, 172–173, 196, 205–206

Graf, Allen D., affidavit, vol. VIII, 317–318

Graff, Theodore (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 468–469

Granovsky, Frank. (See Grant, Frank.)

Grant, Allen, vol. I, 145–146, 148, 151, 153

Grant, David B., vol. VII, 314; vol. XII, 93

Grant, Eva, (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. XIV, 429–487; vol. XV, 321–347 Referred to, vol. I, 436; vol. V, 186, 197, 242; vol. XI, 422; vol. XII, 85, 127; vol. XIII, 16, 38, 185, 217, 321–322, 342, 350, 353, 398, 425–426, 455–457, 488–490, 496, 500; vol. XIV, 23, 33, 47, 55, 81, 87, 90, 125, 128–129, 131–133, 140, 144–145, 153, 156–157, 161, 212, 214, 216, 234, 322, 342, 368, 370, 391, 396, 398, 407, 409, 414, 423, 428, 493–494, 499–502, 654; vol. XV, 20, 22–24, 26, 29, 32, 34, 36–37, 40–42, 46–47, 104, 205, 220, 266, 277, 279–281, 283–284, 286, 288–290, 391, 394–395, 665, 670

Grant, Frank, vol. XIV, 429, 437, 442, 446, 716

Graves, Gene, affidavit, vol. XI, 479

Graves, L. C.: Testimony, vol. VII, 251–260; vol. XIII, 1–12 Referred to, vol. IV, 234; vol. VII, 99, 155–156, 158, 178, 262–264, 266–269; vol. XII, 104, 121, 152–153, 184, 399; vol. XIII, 17, 19, 24–25, 27, 29–30; vol. XV, 151

Graves, Warren, vol. XI, 288

Gravitis, Dorothy (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. IX, 131–141 Referred to, vol. III, 108, 137; vol. IX, 104–105, 107, 124, 126, 219, 307, 338, 366, 376, 452; vol. X, 21

Gray George B., vol. XI, 155

Gray, George B. (Mrs.), vol. XI, 155–156

Gray, L. E., vol. VII, 53

Gray, Virginia, affidavit, vol. XI, 209–210

Grayson, Larry, vol. XIV, 606

Green, Donald, vol. XIV, 102–104, 106–107

Green, James R., vol. IX, 278

Green, Louis, vol. XIV, 452

Green, Tim, vol. VI, 284

Greener, Charles W. (Woody): Testimony, vol. XI, 245–253 Referred to, vol. II, 48; vol. VII, 224–225; vol. XI, 226–228, 230–233, 236, 243–244, 257, 267–268

Greer, William Robert: Testimony, vol. II, 112–132 Referred to, vol. II, 68–69, 74–76, 78, 86, 92, 94, 97, 99, 104, 112, 136, 141; vol. IV, 130–134; vol. V, 67; vol. VII, 474

Gregory, Charles F.: Testimony, vol. IV, 117–129; vol. VI, 95–104 Referred to, vol. III, 383, 389; vol. IV, 104, 108–109, 112–113, 115; vol. V, 78, 81, 87, 92, 96, 142; vol. VI, 88–89, 92–93, 107, 109–110, 150, 152

Gregory, Dr. Paul Roderick: Testimony, vol. IX, 141–160 Referred to, vol. I, 399, 402–403, 431, 434–435; vol. II, 9–10, 339–341, 343; vol. III, 115; vol. V, 420; vol. VIII, 375, 381, 398; vol. IX, 128, 220; vol. XI, 59

Gregory, Peter Paul: Testimony, vol. II, 337–347 Referred to, vol. I, 7, 59, 81, 117, 139, 155–158, 160–161, 166, 171–173, 179, 181, 395, 399–403, 434, 436; vol. II, 9–10; vol. III, 115; vol. V, 419; vol. VIII, 345–346, 358–359, 361, 365, 369, 376–377, 381, 383, 398; vol. IX, 128, 130, 141, 220, 224, 241, 376, 420, 450–451

Gregory, Peter (Mrs.), vol. I, 139; vol. VIII, 358, 375; vol. IX, 130, 450

Gregory, T. R., vol. III, 296; vol. XII, 449

Griffin, Will, vol. III, 168, 171–172, 180; vol. VI, 444; vol. X, 350; vol. XIII, 104; vol. XIV, 621

Griffith, Mary, vol. V, 565

Grinnan, Joseph P., vol. V, 504–506, 508–511, 515–517, 521

Grinnan, Robert P., vol. V, 509

Grizzaffi, John M., vol. II, 296, 323

Grolle, Emma (Mrs.), vol. IX, 124, 128

Groom, Dewey, vol. XIV, 118

Gromyko, Andrei, vol. IX, 12

Grossman, Bob, vol. VI, 81

Grove, Larry, vol. II, 53; vol. XV, 578

Groveland, W. E., vol. XIV, 26, 294

Grubbs, J. W., vol. XIV, 104

Gruber, Alex, vol. V, 185; vol. XIV, 120, 147, 278, 297, 417, 419, 461–462, 470; vol. XV, 22, 45, 289

Gruber, J. W., vol. XIV, 277

Guest, George, vol. XIV, 172–173

Guevara, Che, vol. VIII, 240

Guinyard, Sam: Testimony, vol. VII, 395–401 Referred to, vol. III, 355; vol. IV, 215, 220; vol. VI, 453; vol. VII, 151, 255, 263–264

Guitar, Austin, vol. XI, 378

Guiteau, Charles Julius, vol. IV, 305

Gun, Nerin E., vol. V, 101

Gunkle Jerry, vol. XV, 604, 606

Guttmacher, Dr. Manfred, vol. V, 245

H

Haake, K. H., vol. XII, 401; vol. XV, 64–65

Hacker, Elsa, vol. XV, 639

Hagner, Liz, vol. IX, 366

Hagner, Samuel, vol. IX, 366

Hale, Robert F., vol. V, 361; vol. XI, 187

Haley, Earl, vol. VIII, 349; vol. XIII, 259, 284, 293, 295

Hall, C. Ray: Testimony, vol. XV, 62–71 Referred to, vol. V, 200, 206; vol. XII, 413; vol. XIII, 33, 50, 52–53, 82

Hall, Elena A. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VIII, 391–405 Referred to, vol. I, 7–8, 12, 31–33, 417, 421, 439; vol. II, 10, 303, 306; vol. III, 115; vol. V, 603; vol. VIII, 345–346, 366, 373, 375, 387, 395, 406, 409, 411–412; vol. IX, 77–78, 83, 87–88, 128, 220, 233, 245, 260–261, 421, 451; vol. X, 18; vol. XI, 119–123, 130–131, 133–135, 137–140, 143–144, 146–149, 151, 296, 470

Hall, Gail, vol. XIV, 61, 287

Hall, Gus, vol. II, 58; vol. V, 508; vol. IX, 420; vol. X, 98, 108

Hall, Helene, vol. IX, 128

Hall, John Raymond: Testimony, vol. VIII, 406–415 Referred to, vol. I, 8, 33; vol. II, 10; vol. III, 115; vol. VIII, 346, 392, 399–402, 415; vol. IX, 77–78, 87, 220, 233, 245; vol. XI, 119–121

Hall, M. G., vol. IV, 216–217, 227; vol. VII, 123, 128, 134, 177–178, 199; vol. XIII, 4, 32–34

Hall, Marvin E.: Testimony, vol. XV, 174–182 Referred to, vol. XII, 8, 15; vol. XV, 160–165, 169–171, 174, 176, 269–274

Hall, Pauline, vol. XIII, 38, 185, 499; vol. XIV, 21, 29, 77–79, 276–277, 456, 484; vol. XV, 321–323, 326, 328, 335, 346

Hallmark, Garnett Claud, testimony, vol. XV, 488–494

Hamblen, C. A.: Testimony, vol. XI, 311–314 Referred to, vol. X, 409, 411–418, 421–425; vol. XI, 315–321, 323–324; vol. XV, 330

Hamblen, Jean (Mrs.), vol. XV, 330

Hamilton, Caroline (Miss), vol. VIII, 337–338, 340

Hamlin, Cecil, vol. XIV, 62, 290–291

Hammerer, Hubert, vol. II, 47

Hammett, Art, vol. VII, 319, 587

Hamon, Jake, vol. IX, 3, 12, 16–17, 19

Hamrah, George, vol. XIV, 175

Hankal, Robert Leonard: Testimony, vol. XIII, 112–116 Referred to, vol. XIII, 119

Hansen, Joseph, vol. IX, 420

Hansen, T. M., Jr., testimony, vol. XV, 438–450

Hansson, Carl F., vol. XII, 27

Hardin, Edmond C., vol. XII, 176, 259, 267, 313, 351–352, 439; vol. XIII, 147; vol. XV, 454, 474, 495, 501, 555, 601

Hardin, Michael: Testimony, vol. XIII, 94–99 Referred to, vol. XIII, 240–242

Hargis, Bobby W.: Testimony, vol. VI, 293–296 Referred to, vol. VI, 290, 292

Harkness, D. V.: Testimony, vol. VI, 308–315 Referred to, vol. VI, 253; vol. VII, 536, 586–587

Harlan, Bill, vol. I, 438

Harper, Conchita, vol. IX, 213

Harper, Philip (Mrs.), vol. II, 499

Harper, Tito, vol. VIII, 461; vol. IX, 213

Harrell, Maurice, vol. XV, 513

Harris, Charles Edward, vol. II, 306, 308, 330; vol. VIII, 390; vol. IX, 29–30, 33, 39–40, 42–44, 244, 452

Harris, Charles Edward (Mrs.), vol. II, 306, 308, 330; vol. IX, 29–30, 32–33, 39–40, 42–44, 244

Harris, George, vol. III, 132

Harrison, Richard E., vol. IX, 444

Harrison, William J.: Testimony, vol. XII, 234–260 Referred to, vol. XII, 56, 81–82, 134, 148, 150–154, 163, 182, 194, 208–209, 214, 216, 220–224, 273, 275, 282, 302, 304–312, 329, 356, 375–377, 408, 410–412, 431, 438; vol. XIII, 8, 30, 34–35, 43–45, 271; vol. XIV, 562, 597, 638, 654

Harsch, Richard, vol. V, 531

Hartogs, Dr. Renatus: Testimony, vol. VIII, 214–224 Referred to, vol. VIII, 205, 225–227

Harvey, Joyce, vol. XIV, 275

Haskell, William, vol. VIII, 357

Hatcher, Julian S., vol. III, 391

Havens, Matty (Miss), vol. IV, 440

Hawkins, Ray: Testimony, vol. VII, 91–96 Referred to, vol. III, 299–300, 303; vol. VII, 20–23, 29–30, 32, 33, 39–40, 50, 52; vol. XIV, 279

Hawks, Wayne, vol. XV, 78, 458

Hayden, Carter, vol. X, 350

Hayden, Johnny, vol. XIV, 59

Hayden, Sterling, vol. V, 560

Hayes, Luis W., vol. X, 420

Hayes, Welton, vol. X, 420

Haygood, Clyde A., testimony, vol. VI, 296–302

Haynes, Howard, vol. XIII, 308

Haywood, Willie, vol. VI, 151

Heard, Buddy, vol. XIV, 8, 20–21, 34, 69, 120, 293, 377

Heilberun, Ike, vol. XIV, 167–168

Heiman, William, vol. XV, 639

Heindel, John Rene: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 318 Referred to, vol. VIII, 288

Heitman, Wallace R., vol. I, 80, 495; vol. XII, 46

Helligas, Byrd, vol. IX, 456, 464

Hellinghousen, Francis A., vol. XV, 49–50

Helmick, Rosemary, vol. XV, 401

Helmick, Wanda Yvonne: Testimony, vol. XV, 396–404 Referred to, vol. XV, 671

Helms, Richard M., testimony, vol. V, 120–129; vol. XI, 469–470

Henchliffe, Margaret M. (Miss): Testimony, vol. VI, 139–143 Referred to, vol. VI, 40, 46, 52–53, 136–139, 146, 152

Henry, Burnett, vol. I, 454

Henshaw, John, vol. V, 31; vol. XV, 736

Henslee, Gerald Dalton, testimony, vol. VI, 325–327

Herbers, John, vol. XI, 247

Herbert, James, vol. XIV, 57

Herbert, Jules, vol. XIV, 57

Hernandez, Celso, vol. X, 37–38, 53; vol. XI, 343, 356

Herndon, Bell P., testimony, vol. XIV, 579–598

Herred, J. B., vol. XIV, 282

Herrigan, Kevin J., vol. X, 84

Herrmann, Felix, vol. VIII, 40

Herrmann, Marian, vol. VII, 40–41

Herrod, Joy, vol. XIV, 59

Herter, Christian, vol. I, 322, 382

Hickey, Edward J., vol. I, 206; vol. V, 352, 372

Hickey, George, vol. II, 69, 134, 151; vol. V, 143–144

Hickman, Barbara, vol. XIV, 60

Hicks, J. B.: Testimony, vol. VII, 286–289 Referred to, vol. IV, 263, 268, 272; vol. VII, 65, 132, 146, 153, 174–175, 277

Hicks, Sam, vol. XV, 453

Hidell, Alek James, vol. I, 64–65, 114, 118, 306; vol. II, 46, 48–49; vol. IV, 154, 199, 221–222, 228, 360, 366–367, 369, 375–376, 381–383, 389–400, 402, 434, 436; vol. V, 401–402; vol. VII, 41, 58, 187–188, 195, 197, 214, 228, 267, 296, 299, 305, 310, 314, 321, 356–357, 365–367, 369, 376, 378, 422, 427–437, 526–528; vol. X, 41, 54, 69, 406–407, 421; vol. XI, 111–112, 166–162; vol. XIII, 61

High, Adrian, vol. XIV, 121

Hill, Clinton J.: Testimony, vol. II, 132–144 Referred to, vol. II, 68, 74, 76–77, 79–80, 82, 96–97, 99–100, 104, 127; vol. IV, 349, 353; vol. V, 180, 452–453, 470; vol. VII, 449–450, 473; vol. XV, 699–700

Hill, Gerald Lynn: Testimony, vol. VII, 43–66 Referred to, vol. IV, 185; vol. V, 48; vol. VII, 20–23, 25–26, 33, 40, 94–95, 118

Hill, Jean Lollis: Testimony, vol. VI, 205–223 Referred to, vol. II, 42–43, 57–59

Hill, Virginia, vol. XIV, 334

Hilt, John, vol. XIV, 280

Himmler, Heinrich, vol. VIII, 468

Hine, Geneva L., testimony, vol. VI, 393–397

Hinkel, V. S., vol. IV, 227

Hirsch, Cecil, vol. XV, 333

Hirsch, Viril (Mrs.), vol. XV, 333

Hitler, Adolf, vol. V, 606, 611

Hitt, Dick, vol. XIV, 609

Hodge, Alfred Douglas, testimony, vol. XV, 494–503

Hoffer, Good, vol. XV, 707

Hoke, William, vol. IX, 357

Holbrook, John, vol. XIV, 576–577

Holcomb, Ray, vol. XV, 587

Holcomb, Robert G., vol. VI, 152

Holland, Jim, vol. XV, 346

Holland, Margo (Mrs.), vol. XV, 346

Holland, S. M.: Testimony, vol. VI, 239–248 Referred to, vol. VI, 228, 230

Hollaway, Bobby Gene, vol. XI, 263

Hollaway, Bryan Douglas, vol. XI, 263, 268

Hollaway, Jeffery Lynn, vol. XI, 263, 268

Hollaway, Joyce (Mrs.), vol. XI, 263

Hollebrandt, Abraham, vol. XIV, 375

Hollis, Mary Madeline, vol. IV, 43

Holly, Harold B., Jr.: Testimony, vol. XII, 261–266 Referred to, vol. XII, 78–80, 89, 292, 332; vol. XIII, 189

Holman, E. L., vol. XIV, 583

Holmburg, Eugene, vol. VIII, 298

Holmes, Harry D.: Testimony, vol. VII, 289–308, 525–530 Referred to, vol. IV, 228–229; vol. VII, 155, 256, 266, 590, 592; vol. XIII, 4, 25–26; vol. XV, 151

Hooker, Betty Cartright, vol. IX, 178

Hooker, Edward, vol. IX, 178, 195–199

Hooker, Marion (Mrs.), vol. IX, 198–199

Hootkins, Bill, vol. III, 137; vol. IX, 366

Hoover, President Herbert, vol. V, 469; vol. XV, 739–740

Hoover, Hon. J. Edgar: Testimony, vol. V, 97–120 Referred to, vol. III, 479; vol. IV, 43, 305, 429, 463; vol. V, 2, 4, 11, 14–17, 24, 233, 473; vol. XII, 30, 94–95; vol. XIII, 60; vol. XV, 129, 690, 698, 700, 750

Hopkins, H. F., vol. V, 43

Horne, John Thurman, vol. VII, 200–201

Horner, Henry, vol. XIV, 470; vol. XV, 11–13

Horton, Emory E., vol. XI, 226–231, 233, 236, 239; vol. XV, 436

Hosty, James P., Jr.: Testimony, vol. IV, 440–476 Referred to, vol. I, 48, 55–57; vol. II, 52–53; vol. III, 92, 96–104, 106–110, 130; vol. IV, 196, 200, 209–211, 213, 225–226, 231, 238, 245; vol. V, 5, 9, 26–29, 33, 34–38, 40–44, 47, 49–50, 53–58, 98, 111–112, 216; vol. VII, 123–125, 135, 164, 309–313, 355–356, 404; vol. IX, 107, 340–341, 357, 369, 399–401; vol. XI, 369, 376–377; vol. XV, 323

House, William L., vol. XIV, 341

Houston, Dick, vol. V, 507; vol. XV, 537, 576

Houston, Stayea, vol. X, 420

Howard, Bill, vol. V, 204

Howard, Frank, vol. XIV, 446; vol. XV, 22

Howard, Jack, vol. XIV, 446; vol. XV, 22

Howard, Mike, vol. I, 81, 160–161, 164–166, 168–172, 184–185, 219, 230, 257–259, 263–264, 398–399, 403, 405, 409–411, 461, 463, 472–473; vol. II, 344; vol. VIII, 342

Howard, Tom, vol. V, 241; vol. XII, 81–83; vol. XIII, 69; vol. XIV, 119, 154–155, 234, 255, 260–261, 263–265, 268, 395, 397–400, 402, 406–407, 473–474, 478–480, 638, 652, 654; vol. XV, 64–67, 426, 518, 524–525, 673–675

Howe, Kenneth C., vol. III, 106; vol. IV, 475; vol. XIV, 304

Howlett, John Joe: Testimony, vol. VII, 592; vol. IX, 425–434 Referred to, vol. II, 109; vol. III, 240, 253, 378; vol. IV, 322–323, 344–345, 347; vol. V, 141, 143; vol. VI, 189, 428; vol. VII, 338–339, 501, 506; vol. XI, 387; vol. XIV, 110; vol. XV, 110

Hoy, David, vol. XV, 108–109

Hradecky, Ryna, vol. XIV, 604

Huber, Father Oscar L., vol. VII, 489

Hudkins, Lonnie, vol. III, 105–108; vol. V, 243, 253

Hudson, Bill, vol. VIII, 467

Hudson, Emmett J., testimony, vol. VII, 558–565

Huffaker, Robert S., Jr.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 116–123 Referred to, vol. XII, 430; vol. XIII, 115, 128; vol. XV, 462

Hughes, Kenneth, vol. XII, 61, 90, 130, 207; vol. XIII, 84; vol. XV, 206

Hughes, Judge Sarah, vol. II, 154; vol. IV, 151, 162; vol. V, 564, 566, 589; vol. VII, 454, 470, 475; vol. XII, 29, 94; vol. XV, 243, 518

Hughes, Wilma, vol. XV, 217

Hulen, Richard Leroy: Testimony, vol. X, 277–284 Referred to, vol. X, 286–290

Hulse, C. E.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 99–102 Referred to, vol. XIII, 91, 93

Humes, Dr. James J.: Testimony, vol. II, 347–376 Referred to, vol. II, 93, 377, 379, 380–383; vol. III, 380; vol. V, 142; vol. VI, 16, 25

Hummel, Joseph R., vol. X, 287

Hunley, Bobb, testimony, vol. XI, 476

Hunt, H. L., vol. V, 504; vol. XIII, 305; vol. XIV, 298; vol. XV, 225, 228, 249, 259–260, 264–265, 339, 441, 533, 677, 742

Hunt, J. C., vol. XII, 143, 449

Hunt, Dr. Jackie H.: Testimony, vol. VI, 76–79 Referred to, vol. III, 371; vol. VI, 40, 46–47, 64, 73

Hunt, Lamar, vol. XIII, 305; vol. XIV, 298

Hunt, Nelson Bunker, vol. V, 505

Hunter, Dianna, vol. XV, 197, 199

Hunter, Glenda, vol. XI, 256

Hunter, Gertrude: Testimony, vol. XI, 253–262, 275–290 Referred to, vol. XI, 236, 266, 270–271, 274, 300

Hunter, John T., vol. XI, 279

Hutcheson, Skip, vol. XIV, 58

Hutchinson, J. H., vol. XII, 163

Hutchison, Leonard Edwin: Testimony, vol. X, 327–340 Referred to, vol. I, 58, 63; vol. IX, 453

Hutson, Thomas Alexander: Testimony, vol. VII, 26–34 Referred to, vol. III, 299–300, 303; vol. VII, 21–23, 37–40, 50–52, 61, 92–94

Hutton, Bill, vol. VII, 106

Hutton, Patricia, vol. VI, 46, 146, 151

Hyman, Ann, vol. XV, 332

Hyman, Mary (Mrs.), vol. XV, 332

Hyde, Carl, vol. III, 124

Hyde, Carol (Mrs.), vol. II, 505; vol. IX, 366

I

Ingersol, Chauncey Daniel, vol. XIII, 403, 415

Ingersol, Corabell (Mrs.), vol. XIII, 403, 406, 415

Ingram, Hiram, vol. III, 282

Irwin, Frank, vol. XIV, 176, 178–179

Isaacs, Chuck, vol. XIV, 59

Isaacs, Martin, testimony, vol. VIII, 324–330

J

Jablonka, Joseph. (See Peterson, Alexander P.)

Jacks, Hurchel, vol. II, 69, 147; vol. V, 562

Jackson, Albert, vol. X, 384

Jackson, Allen A., III, vol. II, 306; vol. III, 115

Jackson, Allen A., III (Mrs.), vol. III, 115

Jackson, Don, vol. VIII, 80–83

Jackson, James A., vol. I, 239

Jackson, John, vol. XIV, 154–157

Jackson, M. J., vol. XIII, 102

Jackson, “Red,” vol. XV, 500

Jackson, Robert Hill: Testimony, vol. II, 155–164 Referred to, vol. VI, 155, 157–158, 163–165, 168–169

Jackson, Ruth, vol. V, 433, 436–437

Jackson, Theodore: Testimony, vol. XIII, 299–302 Referred to, vol. XIII, 297

Jackson, Wiliford, vol. XIV, 60

Jacobs, Elwood, vol. XIV, 374

Jacobs, John, vol. IX, 214, 269

Jacobson, Coleman, vol. V, 187; vol. XV, 330

“Jada.” (See Conforto, Janet Adams.)

Jaffe, Charlotte, vol. XIV, 381

Jaffe, Julius, vol. XIV, 381

Jaffe, Lawson, vol. XV, 294, 296–299, 301–302, 305–306, 308, 313, 315, 319–320

Jaffe, Milt, vol. XIV, 78, 276

Jaffe, Morris, vol. IX, 201

Jaffe, Rosalyn, vol. XIV, 381; vol. XV, 299, 306

Jaffe, Sam, vol. XIV, 447; vol. XV, 293–297, 299–300, 303, 305, 307, 309–315, 318–320

James, Tom, vol. XV, 163

James, Virginia H.: Testimony, vol. XI, 180–191 Referred to, vol. V, 341, 348, 355–356, 362

Jamison, Dennis, vol. II, 388

Jarman, James, Jr.: Testimony, vol. III, 198–211 Referred to, vol. III, 171–177, 180–183, 185–186, 189–194, 197, 274; vol. IV, 43, 224; vol. VI, 351–352, 355, 361, 365; vol. VII, 385–386

Jarnegan, Carroll, vol. V, 239

Jasser, Phil, vol. XV, 294–300, 305, 320

Jasson, Charlotte (Mrs.), vol. XV, 299, 306, 309, 311–312, 315–317

Jasson, Seymour, vol. XV, 299, 302, 306, 309, 311–312, 315–320

Jaworski, Leon, vol. VII, 332

Jeffery, Dick, vol. XV, 536, 540–541, 546, 574, 580

Jenkins, Dr. Marion T.: Testimony, vol. VI, 45–51 Referred to, vol. III, 363, 370–371, 381–382, 384, 386; vol. VI, 11, 20, 23–24, 32, 40, 52–53, 55, 60–61, 64, 67, 69, 71, 73–76, 79–80, 114, 141, 149

Jenkins, Ronald Lee, testimony, vol. XV, 600–607

Jenkins, Walter, vol. V, 564

Jennings, W. G., vol. XII, 370, 440

Jerome, Kenny, vol. XIV, 603

Jez, L. E., vol. VII, 47, 67; vol. XII, 60, 65, 116, 354, 420, 447; vol. XV, 188

Jimison, R. J.: Testimony, vol. VI, 125–128 Referred to, vol. VI, 122, 124

Jitkoff, Andre. (See Zitkoff, Andre.)

Joesten, Joachim, vol. XV, 734, 736, 742

Johns, Lem, vol. V, 565; vol. VII, 474

Johns, Ray, vol. VII, 224

Johns, Thomas L., vol. II, 69, 98, 147, 152–153; vol. V, 561

Johnsen, Richard, vol. II, 91, 99

Johnson, Arnold Samuel: Testimony, vol. X, 95–107 Referred to, vol. IX, 420; vol. XI, 208

Johnson, Arthur Carl: Testimony, vol. X, 301–309 Referred to, vol. II, 297; vol. VI, 438–441; vol. VII, 177, 197, 223, 439; vol. X, 292

Johnson, Arthur Carl (Gladys J.) (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. X, 292–301 Referred to, vol. II, 297; vol. VI, 435–438, 441; vol. VII, 177, 197, 223, 439

Johnson, Billy Don, vol. XIII, 411

Johnson, Bob, vol. XV, 537, 540

Johnson, Donald, vol. XIII, 410–411

Johnson, Ed, vol. XV, 586

Johnson, Elsie, vol. XIV, 451–452

Johnson, Eric, vol. V, 214

Johnson, F. M., vol. I, 306

Johnson, Joseph Weldon, Jr.: Testimony, vol. XV, 218–222 Referred to, vol. XIV, 133, 456; vol. XV, 204–205, 336, 345–346

Johnson, Lloyd D., vol. XV, 250

Johnson, Luci, vol. II, 154

Johnson, Lynda, vol. II, 154; vol. XIII, 76

Johnson, President Lyndon Baines: Testimony, vol. V, 561–564 Referred to, vol. I, 160, 168, 241–242; vol. II, 45, 63–64, 67, 96–98, 126, 134, 145–154, 169; vol. III, 174, 245, 274; vol. IV, 151, 162, 240, 321, 350, 460–461; vol. V, 25, 98–100, 102, 107, 112–113, 116, 119, 135, 179, 193, 209–212, 216, 251, 369, 390, 395–396, 447, 450, 458, 463, 565–567; vol. VI, 168; vol. VII, 267, 347, 439, 441–444, 446, 450–451, 458, 461–462, 466–471, 473–475, 478, 480, 489–490, 493, 505, 589; vol. XI, 7; vol. XII, 28–29, 94; vol. XIV, 412; vol. XV, 78, 82, 242, 419

Johnson, Lyndon Baines (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. V, 564–567 Referred to, vol. II, 67, 69, 98, 147, 150, 152–154; vol. IV, 148, 350; vol. V, 179, 561–564; vol. VII, 439, 450, 453–455, 461–462, 470, 473–475, 489; vol. XV, 76, 78, 90

Johnson, Martha, vol. III, 282

Johnson, M. L., vol. VII, 375

Johnson, Marvin: Testimony, vol. VII, 100–105 Referred to, vol. VII, 145, 148, 156, 162, 197–198; vol. XIII, 36

Johnson, Priscilla Mary Post: Testimony, vol. XI, 442–460 Referred to, vol. V, 273, 279, 291–292, 301–302, 602, 617

Johnson, Robert, vol. XIII, 411

Johnson, Robert D., vol. V, 344, 354, 381, 385; vol. XI, 194–196, 200

Johnson, Speedy, testimony, vol. XV, 607–614

Johnson, U. Alexis, vol. V, 366

Johnson, William O., vol. VI, 378–380

Johnston, David L.: Testimony, vol. XV, 503–513 Referred to, vol. IV, 156, 216–217, 221, 248; vol. V, 219, 222, 230, 240; vol. VII, 129–130, 171, 213, 221–222, 323; vol. XII, 33, 45, 95; vol. XV, 365, 376

Johnston, J. R., vol. XIII, 187

Jones, Becky, vol. XV, 197, 199

Jones, Bob, vol. VIII, 23–24

Jones, “Buddy,” vol. XV, 537

Jones, C. A., vol. V, 188; vol. XIII, 187

Jones, Larry, vol. V, 498–499, 502–503, 510, 521, 525, 528, 531; vol. XI, 431

Jones, Mack, vol. XIII, 249

Jones, Milton, vol. II, 280, 283, 290–291

Jones, O. A.: Testimony, vol. XII, 58–72 Referred to, vol. IV, 189, 236, 244; vol. XII, 11, 21, 38, 74–75, 92, 100, 104, 119–120, 155, 162–166, 168–169, 180–181, 189, 209, 213–215, 245–246, 250, 254–255, 276, 310, 329, 397; vol. XIII, 43–44, 269; vol. XV, 60, 84–85, 135–136

Jones, Paul, vol. XV, 537

Jones, Paul Roland, vol. XIV, 449–450; vol. XV, 23–24, 47

Jones, Raymond, vol. XIV, 456, 464

Jones, Dr. Ronald C.: Testimony, vol. VI, 51–57 Referred to, vol. II, 39; vol. III, 360, 366–367, 370, 376, 384, 390; vol. VI, 4, 8, 10–11, 20, 27, 40, 46, 64, 69–70, 149

Jones, Spaulden Ernest, vol. IV, 43

Jones, Willie, vol. VIII, 247

Jonsson, Eric, vol. VII, 481, 488; vol. XII, 93

Jonsson, Eric (Mrs.), vol. VII, 488

Junker, Herbert L., vol. IV, 43

Jurek, Marion (Mrs.), vol. X, 257–258

Justice, Blair, vol. I, 160, 169, 238, 258

K

Kaack, Milton R., vol. IV, 431, 438, 458–459, 462

Kaiser, Frankie: Testimony, vol. VI, 341–345 Referred to, vol. III, 233–235; vol. VI, 332, 334–335; vol. VII, 393

Kamin, Al, vol. XIV, 443, 447

Kaminsky, Eileen (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. XV, 275–289 Referred to, vol. V, 186, 197; vol. XIV, 383, 417, 471, 473, 475, 482–483, 490; vol. XV, 30–32, 34, 275, 331–333, 391, 395

Kaminsky, Harold, vol. V, 197; vol. XIV, 383

Kanter, Benjamin, vol. XV, 311

Kantor, Seth: Testimony, vol. XV, 71–96 Referred to, vol. VII, 480; vol. XII, 29; vol. XV, 457

Kaplan, Izzy, vol. XIV, 443

Kaplan, J. M., vol. XV, 732

Kasada, Riky, vol. XIV, 16–17, 293

Kasper, Sam, vol. VII, 362

Katzenbach. Nicholas DeB., vol. V, 99, 368, 564

Kaufman, Stanley M.: Testimony, vol. XV, 513–528 Referred to, vol. XIII, 68–70; vol. XIV, 16, 119, 279–280, 293, 398, 433, 469, 471, 480–482, 492; vol. XV, 236, 238, 330, 337–338, 341

Kay, Benny, vol. XV, 45

Kay, Kathy. (See Olsen, Kay Helen.)

Kearton, Christiana (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 446, 459; vol. IX, 56–59, 97–99, 102, 206–207, 269, 288–289

Kearton, Ragnar, vol. IX, 56–59, 206–207

Keel, Kitty, vol. XIV, 61, 285

Keller, Wayne, vol. XV, 99

Kellerman, Roy H.: Testimony, vol. II, 61–112 Referred to, vol. II, 45, 115, 117, 119, 121, 124, 127, 131–133, 135, 137, 141–143, 146, 152; vol. IV, 130–131, 133–134, 320–321, 325, 331, 342, 346–347, 349, 351; vol. V, 67, 180–181; vol. VII, 473

Kelley, Betty, vol. XIV, 59

Kelley, Bonnie, vol. XIII, 365; vol. XIV, 30, 43, 78, 274

Kelley, Florence, vol. VIII, 206, 219

Kelley, Thomas J.: Testimony, vol. V, 129–134, 175–176; vol. VII, 403, 590 Referred to, vol. I, 185, 446, 461, 463; vol. IV, 152, 225–228, 355, 357–358; vol. V, 141, 143, 167, 218; vol. VII, 99, 128, 133, 155, 177, 257, 266–267, 297, 314, 354, 357–359, 592; vol. XIII, 63–64, 72, 81–82, 390, 392, 394, 401; vol. XV, 619

Kelly, Edward: Testimony, vol. XIII, 146–147 Referred to, vol. XIII, 161, 169

Kelman, Joe, vol. XIV, 502

Kelman, Morris, vol. XIV, 502

Kennedy, Caroline, vol. V, 199; vol. XIII, 68–70, 192; vol. XIV, 468, 567

Kennedy, James, vol. VI, 444; vol. XII, 331; vol. XIII, 35, 104

Kennedy, President John Fitzgerald, vol. I, 3, 22, 31, 70–71, 73, 76, 78–79, 81–82, 84, 122–124, 127, 129, 131, 141, 149, 162, 166, 169, 175, 183, 188, 190–191, 205, 214, 216, 233, 236, 241–243, 314, 397, 403, 419, 448–452, 454, 457, 459, 461, 464, 467–469, 487, 489, 501; vol. II, 15, 20, 30, 32–34, 36, 39–45, 47, 51–52, 63–64, 66–69, 71, 74–75, 78–83, 85, 89–90, 92–98, 100–104, 106, 108–109, 113, 115, 119, 124–126, 128–129, 131, 133–144, 146–149, 151–154, 168, 175, 192–194, 202–203, 206–207, 227, 232–236, 250, 267, 271–272, 277–279, 294, 315, 317, 327, 332–337, 343, 349, 351–362, 364–372, 374–378, 380–383, 389, 399, 414, 422–426, 507–509; vol. III, 58, 68–69, 83, 86, 110–111, 131, 143–144, 153–155, 165, 167, 173–174, 177, 184, 191–192, 194, 201, 204, 208–210, 219–220, 239, 244–245, 264–266, 268, 273–274, 282–283, 297–298, 323, 355, 358–359, 361–365, 367–369, 371–377, 379, 381–382, 387–390, 409, 413, 432, 435, 450; vol. IV, 102–103, 113–116, 118, 127–135, 140–141, 143, 145–148, 150–151, 155–157, 160–162, 164, 169–172, 174, 179–183, 191, 193–195, 201, 203–204, 206–207, 221, 224–225, 229, 231, 235, 239–240, 243, 246–247, 249, 275, 277, 279, 294, 306, 311–316, 318, 320–328, 330–331, 338–340, 342, 345, 354–656, 428, 430, 433, 436, 460–464, 468, 469, 471, 473–474; vol. V, 19, 27, 29, 31–32, 34, 35, 37–41, 48–49, 53, 58–60, 62, 70–71, 73, 75–78, 84–87, 89–93, 95–99, 103–105, 107, 110–113, 117, 120–121, 123–125, 128, 130, 132–133, 140, 142–143, 145–149, 151–169, 171–175, 177, 179–180, 184–185, 194, 197–200, 203–204, 206, 209, 211, 214, 219, 226, 232, 234–235, 238–239, 241, 244, 250, 252, 256, 311, 363–366, 369–371, 373, 390, 393–394, 399, 423, 425–426, 450, 457–458, 462–467, 469–470, 472, 481–482, 484–485, 487–488, 505–506, 508, 510–511, 515–516, 519, 529, 533, 536–540, 544, 550, 555, 561–566, 574, 580, 585, 595, 603, 605–608, 610–611, 619; vol. VI, 2–5, 7–17, 20–22, 24–26, 28–35, 37–44, 46, 48–49, 51–56, 58–64, 66–84, 92–96, 99, 102–103, 105, 107–110, 112, 114–116, 118–122, 125, 128, 135–137, 141–142, 144–150, 152, 154–155, 159–160, 163–164, 168, 172–173, 176, 183–185, 187, 196, 201–202, 206–210, 214–215, 221, 224–226, 230, 233–239, 243, 245, 248–251, 255, 258–259, 262–263, 270, 286–287, 289–291, 294–295, 297–298, 301–303, 308–309, 317, 319, 325–327, 329, 331, 337–339, 342, 348, 351, 355, 363, 365–366, 371–372, 376, 379–380, 383, 387–388, 390–391, 395, 399, 408–412, 432, 437–441, 446, 451, 455, 461; vol. VII, 2, 6, 9, 11, 18, 22, 27, 35, 40, 45, 60, 67, 75–77, 79–81, 92, 95, 99, 101, 106–107, 109–111, 121, 129, 135, 142, 150, 152, 158–159, 164–166, 176, 178, 181, 187, 191, 196, 205, 210–211, 215, 218–220, 227, 232, 247–250, 257, 260, 262, 265, 267, 271, 277, 288, 291, 297–298, 305, 307–309, 312, 315, 319, 323, 328, 333–336, 338–342, 344–348, 351, 390, 394, 396, 403, 405, 439–453, 455–465, 468–469, 471–475, 478–481, 485–486, 488–489, 492–499, 508–510, 517–524, 535, 540–541, 545, 547, 553–555, 557, 560–564, 571–572, 574, 578, 580–586, 589, 594; vol. VIII, 22, 32, 63, 73–74, 153–154, 173–174, 176, 178, 193, 205, 219, 237, 303–304, 312, 319, 331, 338, 351, 354, 376–377, 386, 390, 405, 411, 413, 434, 441, 446–447, 471; vol. IX, 12, 22, 42–43, 48, 54, 57, 95, 100, 125, 130, 138, 140, 148–149, 157–158, 165, 185, 209, 246, 255, 272–276, 281–283, 322, 325–326, 328, 354, 357, 371, 374, 377, 418, 432, 444, 448–449, 463, 465–466, 471–473; vol. X, 12, 30, 35, 42, 45, 48, 56, 60, 70, 79, 83–84, 87, 92–93, 95–96, 105–108, 115, 219, 227–228, 250, 300, 304, 313, 352–353, 359, 389–390, 393, 397, 405; vol. XI, 7, 63–64, 79, 83, 114–115, 145, 153, 175, 178, 222, 226, 233, 239, 244, 259, 305–306, 309–310, 312, 319, 330, 344, 350–351, 353, 362–363, 365, 367, 369, 372, 381–382, 392, 394, 397, 400, 417, 420, 423–424, 426–429; vol. XII, 1, 3, 22–23, 28–31, 33–34, 39, 44–45, 51, 56, 62, 64, 78, 81, 93, 95–97, 131–134, 136, 160, 185, 200, 206, 227, 236, 239, 267, 292, 296, 301, 317, 413, 416, 432; vol. XIII, 4, 26, 39, 41, 57, 61, 68, 71, 93, 104–106, 111, 116, 131, 137, 150, 183, 187–188, 197, 202–203, 207–208, 210, 214–215, 217–220, 240, 252, 254–255, 267–268, 290–291, 300, 325–327, 329–333, 345, 353–354, 358, 380, 396–397, 399, 402, 435, 446–448, 450–453, 456, 459, 467–468, 479, 483, 495, 499, 503; vol. XIV, 17, 23–25, 27, 34, 40–42, 46, 55–56, 70–71, 73–74, 83, 85, 92, 94–95, 102, 123–124, 130, 132, 151–153, 207–208, 216–219, 221–223, 225–229, 232, 249, 256–258, 265, 284, 295, 298, 301–302, 313–315, 317–318, 323, 331, 393, 407, 412, 414, 416–417, 430, 432–433, 458, 466–468, 470–471, 479, 484–486, 488, 499–500, 527, 561, 564–565, 567–568, 578, 603, 606, 618, 628–629, 631–635, 637–638, 644–645, 648–649; vol. XV, 26, 30, 35–36, 41–42, 46–47, 54–56, 74–77, 89, 92, 98, 100–103, 105, 107–108, 111–113, 123, 141–144, 152, 154, 194–196, 200–204, 209–210, 215–216, 220, 224–225, 228–229, 233, 237, 242, 244, 247, 250, 254, 258, 260, 282, 321–324, 326–327, 330–331, 337–339, 346, 348, 373, 382, 386–387, 389, 408, 413, 416–420, 423–424, 431–433, 437, 439, 441–446, 448–450, 452–453, 455, 457–458, 460, 468, 470, 472, 474, 476, 478, 487, 490, 492–494, 496, 499, 507, 509, 511, 513, 517, 519–521, 525–526, 530, 532–533, 539–540, 543–545, 549, 556, 558, 561, 566, 573, 576, 578, 581, 583–584, 589–592, 602, 610–614, 616, 620–624, 629–630, 633, 635–636, 640, 644–646, 648–649, 654–655, 658, 660–661, 665–670, 678, 696–697, 699, 701, 703, 710, 725, 727–731, 735–740, 743–745, 747

Kennedy, John F. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. V, 178–181 Referred to, vol. I, 161, 169–170, 491, 501–502; vol. II, 43, 55, 67–68, 75, 77, 79–80, 92–93, 96–99, 104, 115, 126, 132–133, 136, 138, 140–144, 152–154, 175, 508; vol. III, 68–69, 273, 361, 367, 382; vol. IV, 130–132, 134, 147–148, 151, 162, 198, 243, 339, 349; vol. V, 156, 197–200, 206–207, 209, 561, 563–567; vol. VI, 2, 8, 13, 21, 43, 46, 49, 55, 69, 71, 74, 83, 109, 110, 136–137, 145, 184, 206–208, 210, 214, 243, 245, 294–295, 388; vol. VII, 44, 291, 439, 447, 449–462, 466–475, 488–489, 494, 496, 517–518, 520, 524, 561, 571, 574; vol. VIII, 153, 352; vol. IX, 165, 179, 199, 255, 275, 282, 374; vol. XII, 30, 413; vol. XIII, 68; vol. XIV, 218, 226, 265, 484, 527, 532, 549, 559, 561, 567–568, 596, 632, 649; vol. XV, 561, 578, 699–700, 727, 738

Kennedy, Regis L., vol. XI, 333–335

Kennedy, Hon. Robert, vol. II, 99, 142–144, 154; vol. V, 506, 563; vol. VII, 454–455, 470–471, 475; vol. XIII, 70; vol. XV, 720–724

Kennedy, Robert (Mrs.), vol. VII, 455, 471

Kennedy, Rose (Mrs.), vol. V, 564

Kennett, Rod, vol. XIV, 331, 355–356

Kent, Rockwell, vol. V, 336–337

Kenter, Henry, vol. XIV, 381

Kerr, James, vol. VII, 505

Kerr, Jim, vol. XII, 46–47; vol. XIV, 505

Kesler, John Thomas, vol. VII, 593–594; vol. IX, 53; vol. XV, 703, 744

Khontuleva, Galina, vol. I, 106–107

Khrushchev, Nikita, vol. V, 235, 364–365, 545; vol. VIII, 179, 433, 436, 440–441; vol. IX, 148, 157–158, 227, 370; vol. X, 12, 56, 60; vol. XI, 191, 450; vol. XV, 728

Kilduff, Malcolm, vol. II, 98; vol. V, 566; vol. VI, 21; vol. VII, 451, 466; vol. XV, 76–79, 89–90, 457–458

Killion, Charles L.: Testimony, vol. VII, 591 Referred to, vol. III, 403, 420, 440, 463, 487, 493, 494

King, Cameron, vol. XV, 649–650

King, Buddy, vol. XIII, 186, 194, 340, 343; vol. XV, 217

King, David, vol. XV, 602

King, Glen D.: Testimony, vol. XV, 51–62 Referred to, vol. IV, 264; vol. V, 244; vol. VII, 319, 323, 327–329; vol. XII, 105, 150–154, 157, 194, 224–225, 400; vol. XIII, 189; vol. XV, 85, 590

King, Harry, vol. XV, 6

King, Henry, vol. V, 241

King, Karl, vol. XV, 602

King, W. K., vol. VII, 586

Kinney, Sam, vol. II, 68, 86, 96, 134

Kirkwood, Pat, vol. XV, 660–661

Kiser, Charley, vol. XV, 548

Kistle, Oscar, vol. XIV, 337–338, 344

Kitchel, George, vol. IX, 218, 283–284

Kivett, Jerry, vol. II, 147, 149, 152–155; vol. V, 566; vol. VII, 474

Klause, Robert G.: Testimony, vol. V, 535–546 Referred to, vol. V, 530

Klause, Robert G. (Mrs.), vol. V, 539–540, 544

Klein, Milton, vol. II, 48–49, 57, 59

Kleinlerer, Alexander: Affidavit, vol. XI, 118–123 Referred to, vol. VIII, 355, 403; vol. IX, 260; vol. XI, 130–131, 133–134, 137, 140

Kleinman, Abraham: Testimony, vol. XV, 383–388 Referred to, vol. XIII, 323; vol. XIV, 9, 125, 280, 292, 455; vol. XV, 336

Klihr, Charles, vol. V, 437; vol. XI, 411–412

Kline, William, affidavit, vol. XV, 640

Kloepfer, Ruth (Mrs.), vol. II, 499–500; vol. III, 5, 8–9; vol. VIII, 170; vol. IX, 351, 452

Kloepfer, Warner, vol. IX, 452

Klosson, Boris H., vol. V, 570

Knapp, David Edmond, vol. VII, 200–201

Knight, Frances G.: Testimony, vol. V, 371–386 Referred to, vol. V, 313, 317, 336–337, 350–354, 361; vol. XI, 199–200

Knight, Karl P., vol. IV, 248; vol. VII, 287

Knight, Russ. (See Moore, Russell Lee.)

Knight, Weldon, vol. I, 340

Knight, Wendy, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Knoff, Bob, vol. XV, 5

Koch, Graham, vol. XIV, 457

Koch, Grant, vol. XIV, 279

Kohler, Foy D., vol. V, 311

Kolitz, Ira, vol. XV, 21

Korth, Fred, vol. I, 178, 251–252, 450; vol. VII, 475

Kostin, Valeriy, vol. I, 45–46, 63; vol. III, 14

Kostikov, Valeriy. (See Kostin.)

Kramer, Larry, vol. XV, 537

Kramer, Leon, vol. XI, 209

Kramer, Monica (Mrs.): Affidavit, vol. XI, 212 Referred to, vol. XI, 213

Kramer, Theodore S., vol. XIV, 82

Krassovska, Natasha, vol. V, 608; vol. IX, 164, 223

Krause, Robert G., vol. V, 425–426

Kravitz, Herbert B., testimony, vol. XV, 231–235

Kriegler, Tom, vol. X, 209–210

Kriss, Harry M.: Testimony, vol. XII, 266–271 Referred to, vol. XII, 262; vol. XV, 157–159

Kristofferson, Hope (Miss), vol. XI, 476

Krizan, Wayland, vol. X, 156

Krosofska, Natasha. (See Krassovska, Natasha.)

Krueger, Jack, vol. XIII, 106

Krystinik, Raymond Franklin: Testimony, vol. IX, 461–476 Referred to, vol. II, 407–410, 423–424; vol. III, 126; vol. IX, 448–449, 456–457

Kubox, Linda, vol. XIV, 57, 282

Kuence, Larry, vol. XV, 97

Kunkel, Charley, vol. I, 81, 398, 408–409, 472–473

Kupiec, H. F., vol. V, 353, 357, 372; vol. XI, 195

Kushler, Cecelia, vol. VIII, 41–42

L

Labriola, Paul, vol. XIV, 447; vol. XV, 22

Lacy, Tex, vol. XIV, 31, 295

Lakey, George, vol. II, 388

Lala, Larry, vol. VIII, 23–24

Lamont, Corliss, vol. IX, 421; vol. XI, 86, 161

Land, Doris, vol. XIV, 11

Land, Lisa, vol. XIV, 287

Landis, Paul, vol. II, 68, 99, 134, 136; vol. V, 452–453

Landregan, Steve, vol. III, 374; vol. VI, 12, 22–24, 149

Lane, Dave, vol. V, 205

Lane, Doyle E.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 221–228 Referred to, vol. X, 424

Lane, Kenny, vol. XIII, 186

Lane, Mark R.: Testimony, vol. II, 32–61; vol. V, 546–561 Referred to, vol. I, 128, 164, 174–176, 182, 187, 234–237, 240–241; 247, 258–259; vol. II, 13, 32; vol. III, 125, 317–318, 341; vol. V, 204–205, 237, 521–524; vol. VI, 217–223; vol. VII, 499–500, 504; vol. XIV, 557

Langdon, Jack, vol. I, 258

Langlois, Anna Alexander, vol. VIII, 23–24

Langueth, Jack, vol. I, 177–178, 239

Larin, Lilia Pardo, vol. IX, 184–186, 188–189, 268

Larionova, Ludmila, vol. I, 106–107

Larson, Warren A., vol. XII, 371

Larve, Margo, vol. XIV, 61

Lassen, Sam. (See Lasser, Sam.)

Lasser, Sam, vol. XIV, 121, 494–495

Latham, Louise, vol. X, 130, 138–139, 147, 175–179, 196

Latona, Sebastian F.: Testimony, vol. IV, 1–48 Referred to, vol. IV, 50; vol. VII, 590

Lauve, Jean, vol. XIV, 255, 257, 265, 267

Lauve, Lindy, vol. XIV, 255, 267

La Violette, Forrest E., vol. X, 55–58

Lawford, Pat (Mrs.), vol. VII, 455

Lawrence, Perdue D.: Testimony, vol. VII, 577–589 Referred to, vol. III, 244; vol. VI, 253; vol. VII, 532, 566; vol. XII, 132

Lawson, Bill, vol. XV, 537

Lawson, Winston G.: Testimony, vol. IV, 317–358 Referred to, vol. II, 64, 67–68, 74, 76, 78, 80, 97, 105–106, 109–111, 142; vol. IV, 161, 171, 173, 314; vol. VII, 335–339, 345–346; vol. XII, 93

Leavelle, James, R.: Testimony, vol. VII, 260–270; vol. XIII, 14–21 Referred to, vol. II, 294; vol. III, 355; vol. IV, 221, 227, 234; vol. VI, 430; vol. VII, 69, 99, 129, 151, 155–156, 168, 200, 247, 253, 256–257, 279, 285; vol. XII, 152, 184, 328, 399; vol. XIII, 2–6, 10, 12, 24–25, 27, 30, 46–47, 97, 189; vol. XV, 151

Le Blanc, Charles Joseph, testimony, vol. X, 213–219

Lechuga, Carlos, vol. X, 43–45, 48

Lecron, M. R., vol. XI, 16

Lee, Ivan D.: Affidavit, vol. XI, 481–182 Referred to, vol. III, 105–106; vol. XIII, 125

Lee, O. H., vol. IV, 211, 467; vol. VI, 436, 438, 441–442; vol. VII, 197, 311; vol. X, 294–295, 303–306, 406–407, 421

Lee, Robert E., vol. VIII, 286, 317; vol. XV, 44

Lee, Vincent T.: Testimony, vol. X, 86–95; vol. XI, 208 Referred to, vol. IX, 420; vol. X, 104

Lehman, Al, vol. XV, 23

Lehman, Rafael, vol. IX, 211

Lehrer, James, testimony, vol. XI, 464–467

Lenard, Dick, vol. XIV, 26, 278–279, 294

Lengett, Jack, vol. I, 189

Lennon, Sallie, vol. VI, 151

Leonard, Paul, vol. XV, 163

Leslie, Helen (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. IX, 160–166 Referred to, vol. VIII, 469; vol. IX, 223

Lester, Raymond M., Jr., vol. XII, 371

Letscher, M. G., vol. I, 220

Levin, Michael, vol. XIV, 404–405, 483; vol. XV, 36

Levine, George, vol. I, 252

Levine, Isaac Don, vol. I, 487–488, 496; vol. II, 8, 26, 312–313, 316–317, 430

Lewis, Anthony, vol. I, 432

Lewis, Aubrey Lee: Testimony, vol. XI, 318–325 Referred to, vol. X, 417–420, 422, 424; vol. XI, 313

Lewis, Erwin Donald: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 323 Referred to, vol. VIII, 289, 301

Lewis, L. J., affidavit, vol. XV, 703

Lewis, Lemmy, vol. VI, 170, 265, 272

Lewis, Max, vol. XIV, 104

Lewis, R. D., vol. VII, 192

Lewis, Roy Edward, vol. III, 207

L’Hoste, A. J., vol. VI, 159–160

Lichfield, Bill, vol. XIII, 374

Lichfield, Bob, vol. XIII, 374

Light, Dr. Frederick W., Jr.: Testimony, vol. V, 94–97 Referred to, vol. V, 92, 142

Lincoln, President Abraham, vol. V, 31; vol. XIV, 468

Lincoln, Evelyn, vol. II, 98; vol. VII, 466, 470

Lindheimer, Ben, vol. XV, 4, 11

Lindsay, Jerry, vol. XIV, 22–23, 294

Lish, Robert C., vol. III, 157; vol. XIII, 380; vol. XIV, 162; vol. XV, 110

Litchfield, Wilbyrn Waldon (Robert), II: Testimony, vol. XIV, 95–109 Referred to, vol. XIV, 35, 80, 296

Littlefield, Bob, vol. XIII, 374

Livingston, Clyde (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 80–81

Livingston, Mel, vol. XIV, 98

Livingston, R. W., vol. VII, 277

Locard, Edmond, vol. IV, 13

Lodge, Senator Henry Cabot, vol. II, 113

Lodi, Jack, vol. XV, 239

Loftus, Jack, vol. XIV, 179

Logan, Lansing E., vol. XI, 350, 366–367; vol. XII, 122; vol. XIII, 15; vol. XV, 387

Lomax, James, vol. VI, 232–233

Long, Joe, vol. V, 187–189; vol. XV, 253, 266

Longley, Kenney, vol. X, 390, 397, 399

Lord, Billy Joe: Affidavit, vol. XI, 117–118 Referred to, vol. XI, 116

Lorie, Al, vol. XV, 557

Louisell, Joe, vol. XIV, 400

Love, Willie, vol. XIV, 62

Lovelady, Billy Nolan: Testimony, vol. VI, 336–341 Referred to, vol. II, 232–234, 236, 242; vol. III, 165, 169, 182, 189, 202; vol. IV, 43; vol. VI, 328–330, 352, 364–365, 367, 377, 381, 388–390, 392; vol. VII, 515

Lowe, Buddy, vol. X, 314, 321

Lowery, Bill, vol. VI, 373

Lowery, Roy Lee: Testimony, vol. XII, 271–277 Referred to, vol. XII, 116, 134, 163, 181, 208–210, 212–224, 240, 245, 253–258, 302, 304, 309–311, 329, 408, 438; vol. XIII, 30, 34–35

Lozano, Bertha L., vol. VI, 151

Lubeachick, Paul, vol. XIV, 13, 15–16

Lucas, Jim, vol. XV, 76

Lujan, Daniel Gutierrez: Testimony, vol. VII, 243–246 Referred to, vol. VII, 200–201

Lumpkin, Era, vol. VI, 151

Lumpkin, George L., vol. III, 230; vol. IV, 153, 162–165, 168, 170, 203; vol. V, 237; vol. VII, 201, 218–219, 287, 382–385, 537, 582; vol. IX, 106; vol. XII, 3, 8, 10, 21, 31, 56, 78, 99–100, 103, 107, 117–118, 389; vol. XIII, 173; vol. XV, 55, 58, 116, 119, 127–128, 136, 184, 186–187

Lunday, R. H., vol. III, 264; vol. IV, 161, 170, 173; vol. VII, 319, 578–580, 587–588; vol. XII, 6, 10, 14, 107; vol. XV, 55

Lux, J. Philip, affidavit, vol. XI, 206

Lynch, Donald, vol. XIV, 109

Lynch, Jess Willard, vol. XIV, 108

Lynn, Little. (See Carlin, Karen Bennett.)

Lynn, Shari. (See Garcia, Kay.)

Lyons, Eugene, vol. VIII, 436; vol. XI, 449

Lyons, K. E., vol. VII, 19–23, 50–52, 54, 57, 59, 62–63, 95, 136

M

McAdoo, William Gibbs, vol. IX, 173, 178

McArnity, W. T., vol. V, 556

McBride, Palmer E., vol. VIII, 16–21

McBride, Pierce, vol. XV, 64, 510, 518

McCaghren, P. G., vol. XII, 74, 78, 258, 373, 402

McCaleb, Ethel Margaret, vol. IX, 2

McCarthy, Senator Joseph, vol. XV, 303

McClain, Alfred, vol. V, 205

McClain, John, vol. I, 250–251

McClelland, Dr. Robert N.: Testimony, vol. VI, 30–39 Referred to, vol. II, 39; vol. III, 363, 369–371, 374, 377–378, 384–385; vol. VI, 4, 11–12, 20, 23, 25, 47, 55, 64, 71, 73, 80, 106, 110, 114, 149

McClure, D. J. (Mrs.), vol. X, 412–413, 422–424

McCone, Hon. John Alex: Testimony, vol. V, 120–129 Referred to, vol. V, 106

McConnoch, John, vol. I, 239

McCord, Dave, vol. V, 205–206

McCormack, Harry, vol. VII, 352

McCormack, John W., vol. V, 487

McCoy, Ben, vol. XII, 138–139, 385, 387; vol. XV, 156

McCoy, Perry, vol. XII, 48–51, 196–197

McCullough, John G., testimony, vol. XV, 373–383

McCurdy, Danny Patrick: Testimony, vol. XV, 529–534 Referred to, vol. XV, 485

McCurley, A. D., vol. III, 285

McDonald, Elizabeth, vol. IX, 452

McDonald, Florence, vol. IX, 452

McDonald, Joyce Lee, vol. I, 436, 439; vol. XIII, 214–218, 353–355, 361–363, 365–367, 371–372, 419, 427; vol. XIV, 49, 62, 64, 159–160, 273, 275; vol. XV, 422, 625, 628

McDonald, M. N.: Testimony, vol. III, 295–304 Referred to, vol. III, 463–464; vol. IV, 277; vol. VII, 6, 20–23, 30–32, 37–40, 50–52, 60, 63, 93–95, 112, 114, 118, 228, 548, 551; vol. XV, 591

McDonald, Sheila, vol. V, 532

McDowell, Charles, vol. X, 397

McFarland, John Farland, affidavit, vol. XI, 214–215

McFarland, Meryl, affidavit, vol. XI, 214–215

McGee, Frank, vol. V, 497, 499, 502

McGee, W. M., vol. VII, 110, 118, 295

McGinley, Cornelius, vol. X, 420

McGinley, James, vol. X, 420

McHugh, Brig. Gen. Godfrey T., vol. II, 97, 99; vol. VII, 452–454, 466, 469, 471–472

McInnis, Clarence, vol. XIV, 29, 295

McIntyre, L. H., vol. XIV, 60, 285

McIntyre, William, vol. II, 68, 96, 134–136; vol. V, 453

McKenna, George, vol. XIV, 613

McKenna, Nonnie (Mrs.), vol. XIV, 608, 619

McKenna, Thomas J., vol. XIV, 600, 604–605, 612–613, 619

McKenzie, William M., vol. I, 497–498; vol. II, 25, 316, 320–322, 331, 336; vol. VIII, 420; vol. IX, 355

McKeown, Robert, vol. XIV, 460, 465

McKinley, President William, vol. V, 31; vol. XV, 331

McKinney, Robert E., vol. VII, 207; vol. XV, 508

McKinzie, Louis: Testimony, vol. XIII, 147–156 Referred to, vol. XIII, 161, 165, 168, 174

McKnight, A. F., vol. XIV, 12, 57

McKnight, Felix, vol. VII, 338, 359

McLain, Chuck, vol. V, 531

McLendon, Gordon, vol. V, 187, 190; vol. XIV, 119, 269, 469–470; vol. XV, 263–264, 266, 336–337, 434

McLine, June, vol. XII, 208, 221, 240, 302, 304–305, 308–309

McMillon, Thomas Donald: Testimony, vol. XIII, 37–55 Referred to, vol. V, 244–246, 248; vol. XII, 254, 257–258, 304, 309, 368, 397, 400, 408–410, 412, 431–432, 438; vol. XIII, 11, 30, 34–35; vol. XV, 63–65, 129

McMulmore, Ed, vol. XIV, 28, 294

McMurray, George, vol. X, 419–420

McMurray, Mildred (Mrs.), vol. X, 420

McNamara, Hon. Robert S., vol. XV, 710, 737–739

McVickar, John A.: Testimony, vol. V, 299–306, 318–326 Referred to, vol. V, 263, 279, 289, 291, 333, 343, 346; vol. XI, 443–444, 446–448, 450–452, 458

McWatters, Cecil J.: Testimony, vol. II, 262–292 Referred to, vol. II, 53–54; vol. IV, 215, 220; vol. VII, 151–154, 156, 173, 249–250

McWillie, L. J., vol. V, 200–202, 205, 207–208; vol. XIV, 62, 115, 148, 297, 384, 445–446, 459–461, 492, 517, 522–523, 542–543, 560–561, 596

Mabey, Edward, vol. XII, 61, 90, 130, 207; vol. XIII, 84

MacArthur, Gen. Douglas, vol. XV, 713

MacArthur, John, vol. IX, 188

MacArthur, Roderick, vol. IX, 187, 189, 213

MacDonald, Betty Mooney, vol. II, 38, 442; vol. IX, 258, 265; vol. X, 25; vol. XI, 439–440; vol. XIII, 351–352

Machado, Decio de Paulo, vol. IX, 185, 268

Mack, L. A., vol. XI, 199

Madison, Hilarion, vol. VIII, 430; vol. IX, 9

Madland, Robley D., vol. VIII, 349; vol. XIII, 259, 284, 293–295

Magid, Hyman, vol. XIV, 441

Magid, Ronnie, vol. XIV, 441

Mahon, Representative George H., vol. VII, 461

Mahon, James F., vol. XIV, 613

Majors, Rosa M., vol. VI, 117, 151

Malley, James R.: Testimony, vol. XI, 468–469 Referred to, vol. V, 141, 143; vol. XI, 469

Mallory, Katherine, testimony, vol. XI, 210–212

Malone, Suzanne, vol. XIV, 604

Mamantov, Ilya A.: Testimony, vol. IX, 102–131 Referred to, vol. II, 17, 417; vol. III, 81, 127; vol. VIII, 358; vol. IX, 219, 307, 366, 452; vol. XI, 133

Mamantov, Ilya A. (Mrs.), vol. IX, 104

Mamikonian, Helen, vol. III, 136; vol. IX, 367

Mandel, Judy, vol. IX, 97

Mandella, Arthur: Testimony, vol. IV, 48–56; vol. XV, 745–746 Referred to, vol. IV, 47

Mangrum, John E., vol. XIV, 111

Mann, Thomas, vol. V, 366, 370

Marcelli, Aguto, vol. II, 49

Marcus, George, vol. XIV, 373, 375, 380

Marcus, Stanley, vol. V, 517; vol. XIV, 483

Markham, Helen Louise (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. III, 305–321, 340–342; vol. VII, 499–506 Referred to, vol. II, 51, 55, 57–58; vol. III, 336–337, 343, 347; vol. IV, 176, 212–213, 215, 221; vol. V, 546–547, 550–552, 557–559; vol. VI, 456–458, 460, 466–468; vol. VII, 68–69, 84, 111, 252–255, 262–263; vol. XV, 641

Markham, James, vol. VII, 84

Marks, Harry, vol. XIV, 374

Marks, J. E., vol. XII, 88

Marley, James A., Jr., vol. VIII, 237

Marshall, Eva, vol. X, 285, 287, 291

Marshall, Lauriston C., vol. X, 4

Martello, Francis L.: Testimony, vol. X, 51–62; vol. XI, 471 Referred to, vol. IV, 432–435, 437, 439

Martin, B. J., testimony, vol. VI, 289–293

Martin, Bill, vol. XIII, 398–399

Martin, Charles, vol. XIV, 252

Martin, Frank M.: Testimony, vol. XII, 277–285 Referred to, vol. XII, 92, 133, 163, 221, 240–242, 256, 272–273, 302, 310; vol. XIII, 269

Martin, J. B., vol. III, 265–266

Martin, James Herbert: Testimony, vol. I, 469–502; vol. II, 1–32 Referred to, vol. I, 2, 59–60, 125, 174, 243–244, 266–267, 285–290, 307, 332, 334–339, 341, 347–348, 405–406, 415, 417, 420, 441; vol. II, 56, 313–314, 316, 330, 429, 510; vol. III, 114; vol. V, 399–400, 412, 549, 603–604; vol. IX, 119–120, 158–159, 352–353, 355, 374, 398, 428–429

Martin, James Herbert (Mrs.), vol. I, 59–60, 125, 341, 415, 420, 464; vol. III, 114; vol. V, 399

Martin, Jim, vol. XIII, 71; vol. XIV, 231, 245–248, 251–257, 259–261, 280, 300, 303, 305–306, 315–316, 399, 473

Martin, John, vol. XI, 375, 380; vol. XIV, 420

Martin, Mary, vol. XIV, 61, 285

Martin, Murphy, vol. XV, 348

Martin, Shirley (Mrs.), vol. III, 140; vol. IX, 349–350

Martin, W. J., vol. V, 241

Martino, John, vol. XI, 380

Marzani, Aldo, vol. XV, 734

Mason, Morton, vol. XV, 748

Massey, Barbara Anne, vol. VIII, 88

Massey, H. R., vol. VIII, 88

Masterton, G. W., vol. V, 350–351, 353

Mastin, Tom, Jr., vol. XV, 163, 182

Matthews, R. D., vol. XIV, 613, 622

Maxey, Billy Joe: Testimony, vol. XII, 285–291 Referred to, vol. XII, 18, 125, 292, 339, 341, 344, 426–427

May, Robert L., vol. XV, 605

Maylor, Deutsch I., vol. V, 200

Maynard, Charlie, vol. VIII, 58

Maynard, Vickie, vol. VIII, 58

Mayo, Logan W.: Testimony, vol. XII, 291–297 Referred to, vol. XII, 75, 78; vol. XV, 158–159

Mayor, Georgia, vol. XV, 537, 540, 573–575

Mazzie, Irving, vol. XV, 209, 212–213, 248–249

Meadows, Al, vol. XIV, 361

Mebane, David, vol. IV, 103; vol. VI, 84

Mecom, John, vol. IX, 210–211

Meek, Louise (Mrs.), vol. IX, 4, 21

Medvedev, Alexander Ivanovich, vol. I, 85

Meller, Anna N. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VIII, 379–391 Referred to, vol. I, 7, 11, 34, 104, 107; vol. II, 297–299, 303–304, 307, 323–324, 327–328, 342; vol. V, 416, 603; vol. VIII, 344, 355, 358, 362, 364–368, 370, 373, 377, 417, 424; vol. IX, 22, 33, 40, 43–44, 63–65, 124, 126, 128, 143, 161, 163–165, 220, 228, 230, 232–233, 244, 254, 261, 264–266, 307, 310, 325, 451; vol. X, 18, 134–135; vol. XI, 119, 122–123, 133–134, 296–299

Meller, Teofil, vol. I, 417; vol. II, 17, 297–298, 325, 327; vol. III, 115; vol. VIII, 355, 358, 366, 370, 380, 388; vol. IX, 33, 40, 43–44, 124, 161, 220, 228, 230, 232–233, 244, 325; vol. X, 119, 124–126, 134–135

Melton, John, vol. XIV, 451

Melton, Morris, vol. XIV, 451

Mercer, Clifford, vol. V, 427, 530, 536

Mercer, Dorothy (Mrs.), vol. V, 427, 530, 536

Mercer, S. R., Jr., vol. I, 326

Mercer, Vada Marie, vol. I, 268

Mereginsky, Yuri, vol. I, 91

Meridith, Dolores, vol. XIV, 60

Merle, Barney. (See Merrell, Barney.)

Merrell, Barney, vol. XII, 138–139, 197, 317, 319, 328; vol. XV, 155

Merritt, Llewellyn (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 121

Meyer, Frank, vol. XV, 721–722

Meyers, David, vol. XV, 621

Meyers, Eddie, vol. XV, 626, 629

Meyers, Joseph M., vol. X, 410; vol. XII, 59

Meyers, Lawrence V.: Testimony, vol. XV, 620–639 Referred to, vol. XIV, 62, 120, 296, 461; vol. XV, 339–340, 667

Meyers, Ralph, vol. XV, 621

Meyers, Thelma (Mrs.), vol. XV, 626, 629

Meyers, Vicki, vol. XV, 621

Michaelis, Heinz W., testimony, vol. VII, 372–379

Midgett, Bill, vol. VI, 135–136

Mikoyan, Anastas I., vol. VIII, 463–464; vol. IX, 15, 123, 213–215, 303–304

Miles, Decke, vol. XIII, 416–417, 419, 497; vol. XIV, 91

Miller, Austin L.: Testimony, vol. VI, 223–227 Referred to, vol. VI, 229, 236–237

Miller, Bertha, vol. XIV, 439

Miller, Bill, vol. XV, 310–314

Miller, Dave L.: Testimony, vol. XV, 450–456 Referred to, vol. XIV, 409–410

Miller, Izzie, vol. XV, 453

Miller, John William, vol. X, 223

Miller, Johnny, vol. XII, 242

Miller, Leona, vol. XIV, 10, 293

Miller, Louis D.: Testimony, vol. XII, 297–314 Referred to, vol. XII, 134, 163, 208–209, 221, 223, 240–241, 245, 254–255, 273, 329, 438; vol. XIII, 44–46; vol. XIV, 639, 654

Milles, Scotty, vol. XIV, 16–17, 293

Mills, Buddy, vol. XIV, 100

Mitchell, George, vol. IX, 202

Mitchell, Mary Ann: Testimony, vol. VI, 175–177 Referred to, vol. VI, 172–174

Mitchell, Willie, vol. XV, 525–526

Mitchem, Vernon, vol. VII, 593–594; vol. XV, 703, 744

Mitford, Jessica, vol. V, 560

Molina, Joe R.: Testimony, vol. VI, 368–373 Referred to, vol. IV, 43; vol. VI, 391, 397; vol. VII, 219–220

Monday, Ivan, vol. XV, 610, 612

Monk, J. T., vol. V, 427, 530, 538

Monk, J. T., Jr., vol. V, 427, 538

Monroney, Senator Mike, vol. I, 217

Montgomery, L. D.: Testimony, vol. VII, 96–99; vol. XIII, 21–37 Referred to, vol. IV, 234; vol. VII, 101–103, 145, 148, 156, 162, 208, 257, 266; vol. XII, 216, 257; vol. XIII, 2–4, 6, 9, 19, 47, 275–276

Moody, Joe, vol. VII, 477

Mooney, Joseph A., testimony, vol. IV, 48–56

Mooney, Luke: Testimony, vol. III, 281–290 Referred to, vol. III, 291–292; vol. VI, 268–270; vol. VII, 45, 147, 161

Mooney, Nancy Joe. (See MacDonald, Betty Mooney.)

Moore, Elmer, vol. XI, 230; vol. XIV, 233, 265–267, 301, 316, 319, 321, 324–326, 443, 479–480, 509

Moore, G. Walter, vol. IX, 235

Moore, Henry M.: Testimony, vol. VII, 212–217 Referred to, vol. IV, 217; vol. VII, 193, 198–199, 209–210, 220

Moore, Russell Lee: Testimony, vol. XV, 251–268 Referred to, vol. V, 187, 190; vol. XIV, 59, 283, 434–435; vol. XV, 336–337, 366, 486–487, 530–533

Moorman, Mary (Miss), vol. II, 42; vol. VI, 206, 209, 215, 219

Moran, Sandra, vol. XIV, 58

Morehouse, William Edgerton, Jr., vol. V, 569

Morgan, Pat, vol. XIII, 395

Morris, Robert, vol. V, 526–527

Morris, William, vol. XIII, 341

Morton, Emory, vol. XV, 110

Morton, M. J., vol. VI, 335

Mosby, Aline (Miss), vol. I, 203; vol. V, 292, 617; vol. XI, 450, 457

Moscow, Al, vol. XIV, 401

Moseley, James, vol. V, 490–497, 499, 531; vol. XI, 431

Moses, B. G., vol. X, 367–368

Moskowitz, Sarah, vol. XIV, 438–439

Moyers, Bill, vol. II, 98; vol. VII, 471

Muchmore, Mary (Mrs.), vol. V, 137, 140–141, 159–160, 162, 177

Muench, Helmet Hubert, vol. XI, 425

Muggeridge, Malcolm, vol. XI, 449

Muleady, Jimmy, vol. V, 253

Mulkey, Charley, vol. XV, 537, 540

Muller, Alfred, vol. X, 66

Muller, Henry, vol. X, 66

Muller, O. S., vol. XII, 88

Mumford, Pamela (Miss), testimony, vol. XI, 215–224

Mundt, Senator Karl E., vol. XII, 84

Munster, Buddy, vol. XV, 70

Muntz, Earl, vol. XIV, 396

Murdoch, Richard B., vol. VIII, 237

Murphy, Audie, vol. VII, 87

Murphy, Florine, vol. VIII, 78–79

Murphy, Joe E.: Testimony, vol. VI, 256–260 Referred to, vol. VI, 232, 254; vol. VII, 586

Murphy, Paul Edward: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 319–320 Referred to, vol. VIII, 281, 288–289

Murray, David Christie Murray, Jr.: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 319 Referred to, vol. VIII, 288–289, 302

Murray, Don, vol. VIII, 248, 250, 264

Murray, George, vol. III, 211

Murray, Ken, vol. II, 24

Murret, Charles (Dutz): Testimony, vol. VIII, 180–188 Referred to, vol. I, 24–25, 197, 420; vol. II, 471, 475, 499, 503–504; vol. VIII, 49, 93, 109–110, 121, 134, 139, 141, 143–146, 148, 156, 189, 192; vol. IX, 367; vol. XI, 6, 13, 15, 20–21, 26, 48, 72

Murret, Dr. Charles W., vol. VIII, 153, 158; vol. XI, 18–19, 79

Murret, Eugene, vol. VIII, 132, 141, 147–149, 153, 157, 192; vol. XI, 19, 79

Murret, John Martial (Boogie): Testimony, vol. VIII, 188–196 Referred to, vol. I, 24; vol. VIII, 103–104, 116, 141, 145–146, 151–153, 157, 175, 181; vol. XI, 19, 79

Murret, Joyce, vol. XI, 19, 79

Murret, Lillian (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VIII, 91–154; vol. XI, 472–473 Referred to, vol. I, 24–25, 197, 201, 359, 486; vol. II, 471, 475, 499; vol. V, 614; vol. VIII, 45–46, 49, 53, 57–59, 69, 156, 181–182, 189, 192; vol. IX, 367; vol. X, 55, 58–59; vol. XI, 6, 13, 15, 18, 20–21, 26, 35–36, 48, 172

Murret, Marilyn Dorothea: Testimony, vol. VIII, 154–180 Referred to, vol. I, 24; vol. VIII, 131, 141–142, 153, 189, 192; vol. XI, 18–19, 48–50

Musachio, Felicia Helen, vol. XIV, 333

Musachio, Louis Edward, vol. XIV, 332–333, 337

Musser, Charles D., vol. II, 195

Myers, Joseph M., vol. XIII, 267

Myers, Pete, vol. XV, 258

N

Naman, Rita: Affidavit, vol. XI, 213 Referred to, vol. XI, 212

Nash, Robert, vol. IV, 222; vol. VII, 133, 177, 314

Nasser, Gamal Abdel, vol. IX, 211

Nau, J. H., vol. XI, 16

Neal, Norma Lee (Mrs.), vol. XIII, 404

Neal, Owen, vol. XIII, 404

Neeley, Alfred E., vol. XII, 50; vol. XV, 266, 268, 483, 515

Nelson, Burt, vol. XIV, 19, 293

Nelson, Doris Mae (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VI, 143–147 Referred to, vol. VI, 40, 52–53, 83, 116, 119, 137, 139, 149, 152

Nelson, “Little Daddy,” vol. XIV, 120; vol. XV, 26–27

Nelson, Ronald C., vol. XII, 161, 358, 420, 422, 424, 437–438, 440–441, 447; vol. XV, 188

Nemzin, Mike, vol. XIV, 373, 379–380, 393–394; vol. XV, 22

Nespica, Pachey, vol. XV, 649

Neumeyer, John, vol. VIII, 2–3, 5, 24

Neumeyer, Mike, vol. VIII, 2–3, 5

Newman, B. M., vol. XII, 79–80

Newman, Bobby, vol. VIII, 22–23

Newman, L. L., vol. XII, 178–179

Newman, Oscar, vol. XIV, 81

Newman, Oscar (Mrs.), vol. XIV, 282

Newman, Paul, vol. XV, 257, 259, 484

Newman, William J.: Testimony, vol. XII, 314–334 Referred to, vol. XII, 21, 89–90, 144, 175, 263, 438

Newnam, John: Testimony, vol. XV, 534–546 Referred to, vol. V, 184–185; vol. XIV, 281, 430–431, 468; vol. XV, 324, 573–575, 580, 583

Newsom, Melton, L., vol. XII, 48, 53–55, 57, 110, 123–124

Newton, John, vol. XIV, 296

Nhu, Madam, vol. II, 480–490

Nichols, Alice Reaves: Testimony, vol. XIV, 110–126 Referred to, vol. V, 185; vol. XIII, 237; vol. XIV, 158–159, 420, 535; vol. XV, 283, 329–330, 516, 519

Nichols, H. Louis: Testimony, vol. VII, 325–332 Referred to, vol. IV, 155, 158–159; vol. V, 239–240; vol. VII, 325; vol. XV, 147

Nichols, J. C., vol. XII, 92, 396, 404; vol. XIII, 48, 54, 268

Nichols, Houston, vol. XIV, 550

Nichols, Roy, vol. XV, 253, 433

Nick, Frank, vol. XIII, 395

Nick, Virginia, vol. XIII, 395

Nicol, Joseph D., testimony, vol. III, 496–515

Nix, Orville, vol. V, 137, 130–141, 159–160, 162, 177

Nixon, Richard M., vol. I, 333–335, 337, 339–342, 396, 482–490; vol. II, 5–6, 26–27, 315, 320–321, 331; vol. III, 113; vol. V, 119, 387–396, 398–400, 595–596, 598, 605–606; vol. VIII, 405, 420; vol. IX, 255; vol. XI, 191, 450; vol. XII, 132

Nkrumah, Kwame, vol. IX, 211

Noble, Herb, vol. XIV, 361

Noel, Dave, vol. II, 424–425; vol. IX, 448, 472

Nolan, Frankie, vol. XIV, 453

Nole, Shirley, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Norman, Bill, vol. XIV, 82

Norman, Earl. (See Wright, Norman Earl.)

Norman, Harold: Testimony, vol. III, 186–198 Referred to, vol. III, 165, 171–176, 180, 182–183, 185, 201–205, 207, 211; vol. VI, 351–352; vol. VII, 385–386

Norman, Margie, vol. XIII, 369, 428; vol. XIV, 43, 61, 285

Norton, Robert L.: Testimony, vol. XV, 546–554 Referred to, vol. V, 198; vol. XV, 342, 480

Norton, Ralph, vol. XIII, 296–297, 300

Nounio, Gordunio, vol. IX, 304

Nunez-Portuando, Emilio, vol. X, 48

Nunney, Ethel, vol. XI, 76

O

Oberlin, Judy, vol. XIV, 59

O’Brien, Emile, vol. VIII, 130, 153

O’Brien, James, vol. IX, 277–278

O’Brien, Joyce (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 125, 127, 131, 144–145, 147–148, 152, 158, 174, 186, 194

O’Brien, Lawrence F.: Testimony, vol. VII, 457–472 Referred to, vol. II, 96; vol. VII, 452–455, 475

O’Dell, Velt, vol. XII, 247–249, 274, 276

Odio, Annie, vol. XI, 370–371, 374, 377, 381

Odio, Sarita, vol. XI, 370, 380

Odio, Sylvia: Testimony, vol. XI, 367–389 Referred to, vol. V, 614–615

O’Donnell, Kenneth P.: Testimony, vol. VII, 440–456 Referred to, vol. II, 66, 69, 96, 105, 134, 142, 152; vol. V, 563, 565–566; vol. VII, 457–458, 466–471, 473–475

Odum, Bardwell D.: Affidavit, vol. XI, 468 Referred to, vol. IV, 273; vol. IX, 385, 387, 444; vol. X, 120, 139–140, 313, 316, 318, 325–326; vol. XI, 369, 469

Odum, Hart, vol. I, 148–149, 152–154, 238; vol. III, 106–107, 111–112, 171, 180, 319; vol. IV, 264

Oech, Bob, vol. I, 454

Ofstein, Dennis Hyman: Testimony, vol. X, 194–213 Referred to, vol. X, 171, 173

O’Grady, Tom, vol. XIII, 71; vol. XIV, 639, 654; vol. XV, 339

Okui, Yaeko, vol. IX, 245–246, 319–320, 329

Oldfather, William Abbott, vol. XV, 711

Olds, Gregory Lee: Testimony, vol. VII, 322–325 Referred to, vol. I, 60, 174–175; vol. II, 14, 312; vol. V, 403

Olian, Phil, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Oliff, Herschel, vol. XIV, 372, 374, 376, 379

Oliver, Revilo Pendleton, testimony, vol. XV, 709–744

Oliver, Revilo Pendleton (Mrs.), vol. XV, 738, 741

Olivier, Dr. Alfred G.: Testimony, vol. V, 74–90 Referred to, vol. V, 91–92, 94–95, 97, 142

Olsen, Harry N.: Testimony, vol. XIV, 624–640 Referred to, vol. XIV, 642–651, 653; vol. XV, 220, 228, 265, 653–654, 657–658, 676

Olsen, Kay Helen: Testimony, vol. XIV, 640–655 Referred to, vol. V, 191–192; vol. XIII, 214, 357–358, 365–367, 432; vol. XIV, 58, 67, 159–160, 273–274, 283–284, 626–627, 629–637; vol. XV, 197–198, 214, 220, 227–228, 250, 353, 421, 428, 445, 455, 653, 657–658, 675–676

O’Neill, Eugene W., vol. XV, 371

O’Neill, Francis X., Jr., vol. II, 92–95, 99, 131; vol. V, 73

O’Quinn, G. C., vol. X, 420

Orlov, Lawrence, vol. IX, 225–227

Orth, Herbert, vol. V, 138–139

Orwell, George, vol. XI, 90, 150–151

Osborne, Albert, vol. XI, 223

Osborne, Ann, vol. XV, 36

Osborne, Mack: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 321–322 Referred to, vol. VIII, 258, 288–289, 302

Osborne, William, vol. VI, 97, 110

O’Sorio, John, vol. XV, 239

O’Sullivan, Frederick S., testimony, vol. VIII, 27–31

Oswald, Cathy Marie, vol. I, 268, 379, 384

Oswald, Harvey, vol. VIII, 165

Oswald, June Lee, vol. I, 33, 36, 50, 54, 63, 69, 75, 79, 95, 101, 103–104, 107, 134, 139, 145–146, 148, 150, 169, 181, 216, 261, 313, 387–388, 398, 413, 441–443, 465, 473, 500–501; vol. II, 16, 20, 298, 320, 437, 459, 461, 471–472, 485–486, 512; vol. III, 5, 31, 39, 46, 56–57, 59, 69, 80, 111; vol. VIII, 409, 420; vol. IX, 83–84, 142–143, 161, 310, 343, 346–347, 351–352, 357, 359, 361, 363–365, 370, 387, 414, 428, 431, 457; vol. X, 54, 266; vol. XI, 127, 142–144, 153–155, 277–278

Oswald, John, vol. XI, 14

Oswald, Marguerite (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. I, 126–264 Referred to, vol. I, 5, 30, 60–61, 77, 79, 81–82, 94–95, 106, 126, 268–269, 273–274, 277–280, 291–292, 298, 300, 309, 311–313, 315–316, 323–325, 328, 346, 360–362, 364–366, 370, 382, 386, 398–399, 408–409, 412, 414–415, 441–445, 462, 469, 472, 474, 480, 488; vol. II, 17–18, 32, 48, 56, 58–59, 300, 333, 344–346, 395, 430; vol. III, 82–84, 88–89, 105, 115, 131; vol. IV, 238, 405–409, 412–415; vol. V, 105, 108, 110, 204, 225, 274, 276–278, 290, 547–548, 557, 599, 607; vol. VII, 158, 207–208, 215, 548–549; vol. VIII, 4, 11, 20, 32–34, 36–37, 39–40, 42–57, 62–63, 65–71, 73–74, 85, 87–133, 151, 156, 158–159, 166, 181–183, 197–201, 207–208, 310, 339, 402; vol. IX, 77–78, 159; vol. X, 54, 128–129, 142, 245–249, 410; vol. XI, 4–5, 8, 13–16, 18–19, 21–28, 30–45, 66–78, 81–82, 172, 468–470, 472–473; vol. XII, 433–434, 437

Oswald, Marina N. (Mrs. Lee Harvey): Testimony, vol. I, 1–126; vol. V, 387–408, 410–420, 588–620; vol. XI, 275–301 Referred to, vol. I, 127, 129, 131–141, 143–156, 158–162, 164–167, 169–176, 179, 182–183, 188–191, 195, 207–208, 211, 216, 233–234, 236, 238, 241–245, 266–267, 283–291, 293, 306–307, 312–315, 318–319, 323, 328, 332–335, 337–339, 341–342, 344, 346, 348, 350, 353–355, 379, 381–382, 384, 387–392, 390–406, 408–418, 420–423, 426, 428–432, 434–436, 448, 450, 455–456, 462, 464–465, 467, 470, 472–473, 475–501; vol. II, 1–21, 23–32, 56, 217, 246, 297–323, 325–326, 328, 330–336, 339–340, 342–347, 384, 392–393, 398–399, 402, 404–405, 407–408, 413, 415–417, 422–423, 427–430, 433, 435–437, 439–441, 443–446, 448–450, 452–461, 465–469, 471–472, 474–475, 477–480, 482–485, 487, 489–496, 498–501, 503–504, 507–510, 512, 515–517; vol. III, 1–11, 14–15, 21–22, 24, 26–34, 36–37, 39–40, 42–44, 46–48, 55–57, 59, 63, 65–72, 77, 79–84, 87–93, 96–97, 99–105, 111–115, 117–131, 140; vol. IV, 141, 200, 210–211, 227, 238, 263–264, 283, 394, 397, 400–401, 434, 441–444, 446–447, 449–451, 453, 455, 458–459; vol. V, 26, 104–105, 110, 112, 223, 225, 279, 286, 298, 305–308, 315, 319–322, 324–326, 332, 339–340, 347, 409–410, 440, 549, 568, 572; vol. VII, 158, 188–191, 193, 204–207, 209, 215, 229–230, 293, 296, 299, 303, 325, 431–432, 437, 527, 548; vol. VIII, 58, 61–63, 65, 137–139, 141–142, 144, 146–150, 153–154, 162–164, 166, 169–173, 175, 179, 186–188, 191–193, 326, 333–335, 337, 339, 344–355, 358–369, 371–376, 379, 381–405, 408–413, 416–424, 438, 444–446, 466; vol. IX, 1, 4, 11–12, 22–23, 29–33, 36–37, 39–41, 51, 56, 60, 64–69, 72, 74, 76–89, 92–96, 103, 107–108, 110, 113, 116, 118–120, 122, 125–130, 134–153, 155–159, 162–163, 165–167, 205, 219, 220, 222, 224–234, 236, 238–241, 244–250, 252, 255–256, 258–261, 264–266, 273–275, 283, 293, 305–306, 308–311, 313–316, 318–323, 325–327, 329, 338, 340–348, 350–367, 369–371, 373–376, 378–379, 382–394, 396, 398–400, 407–414, 417, 425–433, 435, 440, 445–446, 452–455, 457, 460, 462–476, 469, 473; vol. X, 15–20, 22, 24, 28–32, 54–55, 119, 202, 230, 238–239, 242–243, 256, 258, 260, 262–263, 266–267, 272–273, 330, 339; vol. XI, 52–56, 58–63, 65, 119–123, 125–128, 130–140, 143–144, 146–155, 171, 180, 184–187, 190–191, 260–262, 268–269, 272–273, 390–392, 394–397, 399–401, 468; vol. XII, 434; vol. XV, 718

Oswald, Rachel, vol. I, 55, 66, 71, 75, 79, 143, 149, 437, 446, 455, 462, 465; vol. III, 38; vol. VIII, 426; vol. IX, 343, 347–348, 361, 363, 365, 414, 428; vol. XI, 153–155, 291–292, 396

Oswald, Robert Edward Lee: Testimony, vol. I, 264–469 Referred to, vol. I, 4, 6, 30, 75, 81, 94–95, 131–134, 136, 138, 141–143, 146–147, 149, 154–160, 162–173, 175, 198–203, 211–212, 217–225, 226, 231–232, 234, 238, 245, 251, 253, 256, 260–262, 472–474, 479–482, 488, 490–493, 497, 498; vol. II, 17, 27, 32, 314–315, 317, 320, 333, 340, 343–345, 429–430, 438–439; vol. III, 82, 89, 113–114; vol. IV, 200, 238, 284, 405–407, 413–415, 419, 424–425, 447; vol. V, 225, 399, 412, 598–599; vol. VII, 207; vol. VIII, 42–44, 46–47, 49–50, 64–66, 68, 85–86, 88–90, 105, 107, 112–113, 119–121, 123, 129, 133, 158, 162, 182, 195, 325, 327; vol. IX, 142–143, 149, 348, 352–354, 376; vol. X, 54; vol. XI, 4, 7–15, 17–20, 22–28, 30–36, 40–42, 45–48, 50–59, 61–66, 68–69, 73–78, 80–81, 397–398, 444, 472

Oswald, Robert Lee Edward, vol. I, 225, 253, 316; vol. VIII, 42, 45–47, 100–102, 104–106, 182–183, 197, 201; vol. X, 54; vol. XI, 4, 6, 8, 16, 75–76, 78

Oswald, Robert Lee Edward, Jr., vol. I, 268

Oswald, W. S., vol. XI, 14

Oswald, Vada Marie (Mrs.), vol. I, 95, 138, 175, 268, 283, 334, 339, 364, 379–380, 391, 418, 423, 425–426, 430, 437, 452–453, 492; vol. III, 114; vol. IV, 414; vol. VIII, 325–326; vol. IX, 142, 348; vol. XI, 54, 58, 62, 80

Oviatt, Edward T., vol. IV, 448

Owen, Robert I., vol. XI, 185–190, 199

Owens, Calvin Bud: Testimony, vol. VII, 78–82 Referred to, vol. VII, 47–48, 115, 261

Owens, Lewis C., vol. V, 429

Oxford, J. L., vol. VII, 188, 229

P

Packer, Jim, vol. XV, 537

Paine, Cameron, vol. II, 385; vol. III, 4

Paine, Christopher, vol. II, 433; vol. III, 69, 80–81

Paine, George Lyman, vol. II, 385, 389, 392–393; vol. IX, 469–470

Paine, Michael R.: Testimony, vol. II, 384–430; vol. IX, 434–461; vol. XI, 398–404 Referred to, vol. I, 28, 36, 50–51, 53–54, 62, 69, 119, 138, 346–348, 404, 406–409, 420–421, 440–441, 448, 462; vol. II, 17, 25, 52, 54, 431–434, 442, 450–452, 465, 467, 474, 480–481, 487, 492–493, 495, 497; vol. III, 17, 20, 24, 73–74, 76–77, 80–83, 85, 87, 91, 110, 122, 126, 138; vol. IV, 56, 224, 448–449; vol. V, 394–396, 419, 596; vol. VII, 191, 193, 195, 205–207, 216, 230, 336, 549; vol. IX, 353–354, 368, 395, 412, 423, 431, 461; vol. X, 24, 31, 311, 338; vol. XI, 290, 397

Paine, Ruth Hyde (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. II, 430–517; vol. III, 1–140; vol. IX, 331–425; vol. XI, 153–155, 389–398 Referred to, vol. I, 19–20, 23, 25–26, 28–30, 35–36, 40, 45–46, 48, 50–63, 66–69, 72–75, 77, 79, 81, 106–108, 113, 116, 119–120, 124, 143–148, 150, 152–155, 157, 160, 164, 169–170, 183, 189–190, 195, 207, 243, 346–348, 404, 406–409, 420–421, 440–441, 448, 455, 462, 492; vol. II, 10–13, 17, 23, 25, 48, 52–54, 217, 245–248, 250, 310, 312, 316, 318, 345, 385–387, 392–393, 398, 402, 404–407, 413, 415, 417–419, 421–424, 427–430; vol. III, 213; vol. IV, 56, 196, 210, 219, 224, 231, 448–455, 471–473; vol. V, 26, 29, 110, 112, 388, 394, 397, 400–401, 472, 593, 602, 606, 613; vol. VI, 270–271; vol. VII, 188–191, 193, 195, 204–207, 209–211, 215, 230, 315, 548–549; vol. VIII, 61, 65, 138–139, 141, 146, 153, 169–171, 175, 186, 377; vol. IX, 86, 107–110, 112–114, 116, 118–120, 124–127, 129, 133–134, 139–140, 239, 257–258, 318, 426, 435, 446–447, 449, 451–455, 457–460, 462, 467, 469, 473, 476; vol. X, 24–26, 28, 31, 266, 271, 311, 317, 328, 338; vol. XI, 277, 280, 290–291, 403–404; vol. XV, 93, 724

Paine, Sylvia Lynn, vol. II, 433; vol. III, 80–81

Palmer, Thomas Stewart: Testimony, vol. XV, 206–218 Referred to, vol. XIII, 373–375; vol. XIV, 58, 79, 277, 280, 283, 651; vol. XV, 103, 107–108, 412

Pappas, Icarus M.: Testimony, vol. XV, 360–372 Referred to, vol. XV, 91, 257–258, 261, 263, 530, 532

Pardis, Johnny, vol. VII, 73

Parfet, George, vol. XIV, 425, 427; vol. XV, 44–46

Parker, Eddie, vol. XIV, 604, 612, 622

Parker, John, vol. VI, 97, 110

Parrish, Emma (Mrs.), vol. XI, 2, 37

Parsons, Bob, vol. I, 398

Pate, Sam, vol. VI, 281

Paterni, Paul, vol. V, 67; vol. VII, 354, 403; vol. XIII, 65

Patman, Dr. Ralph Don, vol. VI, 106, 110

Patrick, Lenny, vol. XIV, 443, 445–446, 459–460; vol. XV, 29, 340

Patterson, B. M., affidavit, vol. XV, 744–745

Patterson, Bobby G.: Testimony, vol. XII, 334–337 Referred to, vol. XII, 116, 358, 420, 422, 424, 437–440, 447

Patterson, Loraine, vol. VIII, 393–394

Patterson, Robert Carl: Testimony, vol. XIV, 126–134 Referred to, vol. XII, 337; vol. XIV, 30–31, 79, 276, 295

Patterson, Robert Kermit, vol. I, 239, 436; vol. XIII, 377

Paul, Ralph: Testimony, vol. XIV, 134–164; vol. XV, 664–679 Referred to, vol. I, 436; vol. II, 296; vol. V, 183, 185; vol. XII, 355; vol. XIII, 185, 207, 217–218, 250, 320–321, 331–332, 341–342, 347, 354, 356, 372, 424–425, 429–430, 433, 442–443, 491; vol. XIV, 2, 59, 83, 118–119, 121, 212–213, 284, 298, 342, 381–383, 457, 464, 473, 490–492, 498, 500, 532, 566, 614, 638–639, 654; vol. XV, 35, 103, 214, 216, 220, 246, 265, 335, 339, 387, 397, 399–403, 409, 411, 416, 424–427, 429, 445, 455, 482, 519, 624, 653–654, 658, 662

Pazol, Herb, vol. XV, 294, 296, 299, 302, 305, 312–313

Pazol, Morton, vol. XV, 294, 296, 299, 302, 305, 312–313

Pearson, Drew, vol. V, 451, 461

Pease, Sam, vol. V, 189, 199

Peden, Jack K., vol. XII, 278, 343; vol. XIII, 145, 147, 176; vol. XIV, 430, 436; vol. XV, 231, 537, 573, 577

Peggs, Joseph G., vol. IX, 444; vol. XIII, 219, 335; vol. XV, 196, 233–234, 430

Pelaez, Rolando, vol. X, 36

Pena, Orest: Testimony, vol. XI, 346–364 Referred to, vol. XI, 340–345, 365

Pena, Ruperto: Testimony, vol. XI, 364–367 Referred to, vol. X, 46, 49; vol. XI, 340, 347, 353–355

Pendley, J. H., vol. IX, 90

Pennington, Buck Richard, vol. VII, 505–506

Pepper, Sue, vol. XIV, 57, 282

Perelle, Millie, vol. XV, 250

Perrin, Diedre Pilar, vol. XIV, 333

Perrin, Robert L., vol. XIV, 332–336, 339–340, 345, 350–351, 362–363

Perry, Dr. Malcolm O.: Testimony, vol. III, 366–390; vol. VI, 7–18 Referred to, vol. I, 162; vol. II, 39, 41, 361–363, 368, 371–373; vol. III, 360, 363, 386; vol. V, 220; vol. VI, 2–5, 17, 20–23, 28, 31–33, 35, 37–38, 40, 47, 52–54, 56, 59, 64, 69–73, 76, 79–80, 83, 114, 141, 149

Perry, W. E.: Testimony, vol. VII, 232–235 Referred to, vol. VII, 125, 127, 166–170, 237–238, 242, 262, 264

Peterman, Emile, vol. VIII, 41–42, 44

Peterman, Viola (Mrs.), testimony, vol. VIII, 38–44

Peters, Paul C.: Testimony, vol. VI, 68–72 Referred to, vol. II, 39; vol. III, 370–371; vol. VI, 4, 10–11, 16, 20, 32, 34, 40, 47, 54, 114, 141

Peterson, Joseph Alexander: Testimony, vol. XIV, 615–624 Referred to, vol. XIV, 601–604, 606, 609–612, 614; vol. XV, 103, 552

Peterson, Walter, vol. XIV, 615

Petrulli, Nicholas, vol. V, 266–267, 271, 279, 287; vol. XI, 448

Petta, Ann, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Pettit, Tom, vol. V, 227; vol. XII, 430; vol. XIII, 134–138; vol. XV, 357–359

Petty, Bill, vol. XIV, 81, 281

Phenix, George R.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 123–130 Referred to, vol. XIII, 108, 114–115, 120

Phillips, Harvey, vol. XIV, 453

Phillips, Max, vol. I, 259, 262; vol. IV, 356

Piazza, Paul, vol. IX, 420

Pic, Edward John, Jr.: Testimony, vol. VIII, 196–202; vol. XI, 82 Referred to, vol. I, 253; vol. VIII, 47, 92–95, 98–101, 105, 109, 162–163, 182; vol. XI, 4–5, 16

Pic, James Michael, vol. XI, 1

Pic, Janet Ann, vol. XI, 1

Pic, John Edward: Testimony, vol. XI, 1–82 Referred to, vol. I, 95, 163, 199, 212, 226, 232, 250–253, 256, 268–278, 292, 294–301, 304, 308, 311, 315–317, 324, 330, 359, 363–366, 387–389; vol. V, 302, 326; vol. VIII, 42–44, 47, 49–51, 65–66, 68, 85–90, 94, 100–102, 105, 107, 109, 112–113, 119, 121, 125, 129, 158, 162–163, 166–167, 182, 198, 200–201; vol. IX, 158; vol. XI, 82, 472

Pic, John Edward, Jr., vol. XI, 1, 37, 41

Pic, Marjory, vol. I, 226, 387–388

Pic, Martha, vol. VIII, 199

Pierce, Edward E.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 156–166 Referred to, vol. XIII, 143–144, 147, 153, 169

Pierce, Lyman, vol. II, 390

Pierce, Richard, vol. II, 442; vol. IX, 129, 258, 452; vol. X, 3, 20–21, 24–26, 30

Pierce, Rio Sam: Testimony, vol. VII, 76–78; vol. XII, 337–341 Referred to, vol. IV, 190; vol. XII, 18, 40, 100, 111–113, 117–121, 125–127, 156–157, 173, 211, 230–232, 247–249, 252–254, 257, 286–287, 290, 311–312, 342, 344, 354, 360–362, 364, 377, 411–412, 417–418, 420, 426–429, 433–434, 436–438; vol. XIII, 45–46, 270, 276; vol. XIV, 538; vol. XV, 118, 120, 122, 136, 183, 185, 187–189

Piersol, Ethel A., vol. XIV, 61, 285

Pierson, Dorothy, vol. VIII, 431; vol. IX, 188–190, 204–205

Pike, Roy William, vol. I, 436; vol. II, 296; vol. XIII, 370–371, 377, 496; vol. XIV, 2, 13, 17, 61, 81, 161, 286, 638, 654; vol. XV, 417–418

Pinkston, Nat A.: Testimony, vol. VI, 334–336 Referred to, vol. VI, 332–333, 342–343; vol. VII, 393; vol. XIII, 103, 117–118

Piper, Eddie: Testimony, vol. VI, 382–386; vol. VII, 388–390 Referred to, vol. III, 207; vol. VI, 330, 380

Pirtle, E. T., vol. X, 415, 424

Pitts, Elnora: Testimony, vol. XIII, 228–239 Referred to, vol. XIV, 239–240; vol. XV, 288

Pitts, Roscoe, vol. IV, 28

Pizzo, Frank: Testimony, vol. X, 340–351 Referred to, vol. X, 354–355

Poe, J. M.: Testimony, vol. VII, 66–70 Referred to, vol. VII, 47–48, 69–70, 261, 272

Pomeroy, Jill, vol. VI, 151

Popoff, Nicholas, vol. VIII, 430

Portell-Vila, Herminio, vol. X, 47

Posey, W. R., vol. XIII, 187

Post, Nona, vol. IX, 173

Postal, Julia: Testimony, vol. VII, 8–14 Referred to, vol. VII, 4–5

Potter, N. H., vol. VI, 240–241

Potts, Walter Eugene: Testimony, vol. VII, 195–202 Referred to, vol. IV, 210, 214, 227; vol. VII, 190, 222–223; vol. XV, 502

Powell, Eleanor, vol. IX, 206, 288

Powell, Nancy Monnell: Testimony, vol. XV, 404–430 Referred to, vol. XIII, 203, 209–210, 214–216, 359, 363, 365–366, 368, 432, 437; vol. XIV, 49, 60, 63, 65–67, 80, 155–156, 272–274, 278, 284, 638, 653; vol. XV, 101, 214, 216, 220, 227, 250, 353, 399, 401–402, 445, 455, 647, 653–654, 661, 666, 668, 671, 674

Powers, Bertram, vol. XV, 691

Powers, Daniel Patrick: Testimony, vol. VIII, 266–289 Referred to, vol. VIII, 302

Powers, Daniel Patrick (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 266

Powers, David F.: Affidavit, vol. VII, 472–474 Referred to, vol. II, 69, 96, 134; vol. VII, 446–447, 450, 454–455, 466–469, 471

Praperall, Bell, vol. XV, 429

Price, Charles Jack: Testimony, vol. VI, 148–152 Referred to, vol. VI, 23, 27, 47, 73; vol. VII, 158

Price, Malcolm Howard, Jr.: Testimony, vol. X, 369–378 Referred to, vol. X, 357, 359–366, 368

Priddy, Hal, Jr.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 239–243 Referred to, vol. XIII, 95

Pritcher, Harry, vol. XV, 294, 302

Pritcher, Marion (Mrs.), vol. XV, 299, 306

Pritcher, Max, vol. XV, 294, 299–302, 306, 308

Prusakov, Ilya Vasilyevich, vol. I, 89

Prusakova, Klavdiya Vasilyevna, vol. I, 84

Pryor, Roy A.: Testimony, vol. XV, 554–564 Referred to, vol. V, 206; vol. XV, 566–567, 570

Pugh, Oran, affidavit, vol. XV, 640

Pullman, Edward J.: Testimony, vol. XV, 222–231 Referred to, vol. XIV, 10, 80, 120, 280, 292; vol. XV, 416

Purdy, Ted, vol. II, 26

Puterbaugh, Jack, vol. IV, 320, 322, 336–337, 341; vol. VII, 335

Putnam, James A.: Testimony, vol. VII, 74–76; vol. XII, 341–347 Referred to, vol. IV, 190; vol. VII, 589; vol. XII, 29, 113, 116, 122, 125, 141, 166, 168, 173–174, 184, 286–287, 338–339, 358, 417–418, 420, 422–423, 426–427, 437–438; vol. XIII, 118; vol. XV, 118, 185

Q

Quigley, John Lester: Testimony, vol. IV, 431–440 Referred to, vol. IV, 458; vol. V, 9, 11, 28, 53

Quigley, R. Neil, vol. XII, 162, 170, 178, 187, 233, 264, 288, 404; vol. XIII, 113

Quinn, Rosaleen, vol. VIII, 293

Qupiec, Stanley, S., vol. X, 420

R

Rachal, John Russell, affidavit, vol. XI, 474–476

Rachley, Virgie. (See Baker, Donald (Mrs.))

Rack, Wally, vol. XIV, 57, 282

Rackley, George W., Sr.: Testimony, vol. VI, 273–277 Referred to, vol. VI, 279

Ragio, Greer, vol. V, 222

Raiford, Douglas, vol. XV, 537

Raigorodsky, Paul M.: Testimony, vol. IX, 1–27 Referred to, vol. VIII, 358, 451–452, 468; vol. IX, 219, 221, 223, 277–279, 281, 307

Rainbow, Bill, vol. XV, 344

Rainbow, Pauline, vol. XV, 344

Rainey, Froelich, vol. III, 122, 130; vol. IX, 368

Rainey, Penelope (Mrs.), vol. III, 122, 131

Rand, Ayn, vol. V, 533

Randall, Shirley, vol. VI, 151

Randle, Caroline Sue, vol. II, 211

Randle, Diana, vol. II, 211

Randle, Linnie Mae: Testimony, vol. II, 245–251 Referred to, vol. I, 51; vol. II, 211; vol. III, 33–34, 36–37, 53, 126; vol. IV, 229; vol. VII, 191–192, 206, 223, 230; vol. IX, 368, 392, 401; vol. XI, 391

Randle, Patricia, vol. II, 211

Randle, William Edward, vol. II, 211; vol. III, 126

Randolph, Elmer Ellsworth, vol. VIII, 302

Rangel, Ilya Rudolph, vol. IX, 8–9

Rawlings, Ralph E., vol. XIII, 117; vol. XIV, 267–268, 319, 328

Ray, Frank, vol. II, 306–308, 325–326, 335; vol. III, 114; vol. VIII, 355, 388; vol. IX, 41, 219, 244, 451

Ray, Frank H. (Valentina) (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VIII, 415–425 Referred to, vol. I, 7, 11, 417–418; vol. II, 304–308, 320, 326, 334, 336; vol. III, 114; vol. VIII, 355, 364–365, 388, 390; vol. IX, 33, 41, 219, 244, 264–265, 451; vol. XI, 299

Ray, Manolo, vol. XI, 369–370, 372, 375

Ray, Mary, vol. XIV, 10

Ray, Thomas M.: Testimony, vol. IX, 38–45 Referred to, vol. II, 306–308; vol. III, 114; vol. VIII, 355; vol. IX, 28, 219, 244, 452

Ray, Thomas M. (Natalie) (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. IX, 27–37 Referred to, vol. II, 306–308; vol. III, 114; vol. VIII, 355; vol. IX, 38, 40, 219, 233, 244, 452

Rayburn, Paul T., vol. XIV, 339–341, 343–344, 354

Rayburn, Speaker Sam, vol. I, 217; vol. V, 38; vol. VI, 435; vol. VII, 333, 341, 441, 578

Rea, Billy A.: Testimony, vol. XV, 571–577 Referred to, vol. XV, 537, 540

Ready, John, vol. II, 68, 96, 134–135; vol. V, 452–453, 494

Realpey-Plaza, Marguerite, vol. XI, 338

Realpey-Plaza, Victoria, vol. XI, 338

Rebel, Toni, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Reddick, Carol (Mrs.), vol. VI, 151

Reed, Hugh, vol. XV, 105

Reed, Jim, vol. XV, 346

Reeves, Huey: Testimony, vol. XIII, 243–255 Referred to, vol. XIII, 430; vol. XV, 490

Reid, Martha (Miss), vol. VI, 397

Reid, Robert A. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. III, 270–281 Referred to, vol. VI, 396–397; vol. VII, 265

Reiland, Ron, vol. XV, 348

Reilly, Frank E.: Testimony, vol. VI, 227–231 Referred to, vol. VI, 237, 240–241

Reissman, Leonard, vol. VIII, 170; vol. X, 54–55, 57–58

Remike, Bill, vol. XIV, 30, 295

Rettig, Gloria, vol. XIV, 81, 282

Revill, Jack: Testimony, vol. V, 33–47; vol. XII, 73–86 Referred to, vol. IV, 183, 193–194, 196–197, 463–165, 468–469, 471, 473; vol. V, 48–53, 55–58, 216–217; vol. VI, 308, 369–370; vol. VII, 160, 338–339, 405–409; vol. XII, 90, 185, 198–199, 264–266, 293–295, 327, 330–332, 387; vol. XV, 49, 144

Reynolds, Johnny, vol. XI, 439

Reynolds, Len, vol. XV, 537

Reynolds, Warren: Testimony, vol. XI, 434–442 Referred to, vol. II, 38; vol. IV, 235–236; vol. XI, 417–120

Rheingold, Milton, vol. XIV, 399

Rheinstein, Frederic, testimony, vol. XV, 354–359

Rhodes, Jimmy, vol. XIII, 352–353; vol. XIV, 35, 295

Riaf, Mike, vol. XIV, 280; vol. XV, 245

Rice, J. Calvin, vol. X, 64–65; vol. XI, 112, 133–134; vol. XV, 140, 266, 268, 483, 515

Rich, Francis L., vol. XIV, 331

Rich, Nancy Perrin, testimony, vol. XIV, 330–364

Richards, Guy, vol. III, 108

Richards, Joe, vol. VI, 152

Richardson, Beverly (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 121

Richey, Marjorie R., testimony, vol. XV, 192–203

Richey, Warren E.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 255–261 Referred to, vol. XIII, 278, 283–284, 290, 295

Richmond, Hy, vol. X, 20

Rico, Louis N., vol. X, 275

Riggs, Alfreadia: Testimony, vol. XIII, 166–175 Referred to, vol. XIII, 143–144, 147, 151–153, 155, 161, 176–177

Riggs, Chester Allen, Jr., testimony, vol. X, 229–231

Riley, Robin, vol. VIII, 22–23

Rippe, Hazel, vol. XIV, 604

Ritchel, Don, vol. XV, 537

Ritchie, James L.: Testimony, vol. XI, 191–193 Referred to, vol. XI, 202–204

Rivera, Jerry, vol. XIV, 448

Rivers, Ed, vol. XIII, 41–42

Roach, Dora (Mrs.), vol. VIII, 36–37; vol. XI, 19

Roach, Thomas, vol. XI, 19

Robbins, Betty, vol. XIV, 58

Roberts, Clifford, vol. XIII, 483–484; vol. XIV, 39, 44

Roberts, Dorothy (Mrs.), vol. I, 51, 54; vol. II, 245–246, 473; vol. III, 26, 33–35, 69, 71–72, 80, 96; vol. IV, 448–449; vol. IX, 368, 388, 398–400

Roberts, Earlene (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VI, 434–444; vol. VII, 439 Referred to, vol. II, 296; vol. III, 121; vol. VII, 197–198, 223; vol. X, 293–294, 298–300, 303–306, 308; vol. XIII, 390, 393, 397; vol. XIV, 109

Roberts, Emory, vol. II, 68, 96, 134, 149, 152; vol. V, 562, 565; vol. VII, 475

Roberts, Representative Ray, vol. VII, 478–479, 486–489

Roberts, William, vol. VII, 477

Robertson, Leo, vol. XII, 41, 331, 356, 379; vol. XIII, 35; vol. XIV, 59

Robertson, Mary Jane: Testimony, vol. VII, 404–409 Referred to, vol. V, 45–46

Robertson, Victor F., Jr., testimony, vol. XV, 347–354

Robinson, Michael C., vol. X, 419–420

Robinson, Oscar, vol. XIV, 375

Robinson, Rocky, vol. XIV, 79, 117–118

Robinson, Robert H., vol. XI, 188

Robinson, S. R. (Mrs.), vol. X, 420

Roca, Blas, vol. IX, 421

Rocco, Eddie, vol. XIII, 352–353, 361, 363, 424; vol. XV, 627

Rodriguez, Arturo, vol. V, 615; vol. X, 217

Rodriguez, Evaristo: Testimony, vol. XI, 339–346 Referred to, vol. X, 46, 49; vol. XI, 347, 350–352, 354–357, 365

Rogatz, Henry, vol. VIII, 430–431, 457, 462; vol. IX, 320

Rogers, Eric: Testimony, vol. XI, 460–464 Referred to, vol. X, 273–274

Rogers, James J., vol. XV, 371

Rogers, John, vol. XIV, 58

Rogers, Hon. Walter, vol. VII, 461–462

Roland, Arnold, vol. VII, 350–351

Roland, Arnold (Mrs.), vol. VII, 350–351

Romack, James Elbert: Testimony, vol. VI, 277–284 Referred to, vol. VI, 275–277

Roosevelt, Eleanor, vol. IX, 206

Roosevelt, Elliott, vol. VII, 333

Roosevelt, President Franklin D., vol. II, 174; vol. IV, 305; vol. V, 31, 468; vol. VII, 333, 337; vol. XIV, 443; vol. XV, 224, 241, 319, 441

Roosevelt, President Theodore, vol. II, 174

Rose, Guy F.: Testimony, vol. VII, 227–232 Referred to, vol. IV, 207; vol. VII, 59, 187–194, 203–205, 209–210, 215, 216, 548

Roskydall, Joe, vol. XIV, 3, 26, 294

Roskydall, Robert, vol. XIII, 417; vol. XIV, 26

Rosner, David, vol. XIV, 167

Rosner, Elizabeth, vol. XIV, 167

Ross, Barney, vol. V, 200; vol. XIV, 92, 278, 404, 409, 417, 443, 459; vol. XV, 21, 36

Ross, Henrietta M. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VI, 123–124 Referred to, vol. VI, 123–126

Ross, Johnny, vol. XIV, 123

Ross, Laurence, vol. I, 236

Rossi, Joseph: Testimony, vol. XV, 235–244 Referred to, vol. XIV, 79, 277

Rossovsky, Dmitri, vol. I, 86

Rothenberg, Barney, vol. XIV, 380

Rothenberg, Jack, vol. IX, 297

Roussel, Henry J., Jr.: Affidavit, vol. VIII, 320–321 Referred to, vol. VIII, 258, 263–264, 293

Rowland, Arnold Louis: Testimony, vol. II, 165–190 Referred to, vol. VI, 177, 263, 271–272, 314; vol. VII, 220

Rowland, Barbara (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VI, 177–191 Referred to, vol. VI, 263, 271

Rowley, James J.: Testimony, vol. V, 449–486 Referred to, vol. II, 99–100, 112; vol. IV, 300, 354–355; vol. V, 24, 487, 574–576, 578, 582, 585; vol. VII, 354, 403

Royster, Dimitri, vol. VIII, 399, 430, 453, 461; vol. IX, 6–11, 161, 220–221

Royster, Dimitra (Miss), vol. IX, 8

Rubenstein, Abraham, vol. XIV, 438–439; vol. XV, 14, 17

Rubenstein, Hyman: Testimony, vol. XV, 1–48 Referred to, vol. V, 197; vol. XIII, 71, 438; vol. XIV, 21, 144–145, 203, 370, 381, 385, 394–395, 404, 417, 420, 423, 449, 453, 460, 470; vol. XV, 283–284, 333, 667–668

Rubenstein, Joseph, vol. XIII, 68; vol. XIV, 438; vol. XV, 46

Rubenstein, Joseph (Mrs.), vol. XV, 19

Ruby, Brion, vol. XIV, 494

Ruby, Denise, vol. XIV, 366

Ruby, Earl: Testimony, vol. XIV, 364–429 Referred to, vol. V, 197; vol. XIII, 71, 331, 376, 454; vol. XIV, 9–10, 21–22, 114, 120–121, 144–145, 163, 213, 268, 292, 439, 443, 456–457, 464, 470–476, 478–484, 491, 493–494, 499, 501, 513, 566, 578; vol. XV, 9, 22, 24–25, 32, 34, 36, 40, 42–44, 277, 519

Ruby, Jack L.: Testimony, vol. V, 181–213; vol. XIV, 504–570 Referred to, vol. I, 83–84, 153–154, 230, 238–240, 397–400, 404, 449, 493; vol. II, 20, 22, 30, 38, 60–61, 296–297, 313, 323, 345, 486; vol. IV, 140, 150, 166–167, 176, 178, 183, 189–192, 197–201, 233–236, 240–241, 243–244, 475; vol. V, 27–28, 31–32, 47, 54, 99–100, 103, 129, 216–217, 221–224, 226, 229, 232–238, 241–251, 254–257, 484, 514–515, 519, 531–532, 543–544, 559, 585, 595; vol. VI, 160, 190, 197, 199, 212, 214–215, 314, 433, 442; vol. VII, 64, 201, 216, 232, 256, 276, 286, 307, 317, 324, 358–359, 480, 488, 528, 530; vol. VIII, 154, 205, 286, 354, 377, 402, 423; vol. IX, 55, 95, 158, 283, 312, 328; vol. X, 50, 250, 262, 277–278, 280, 282, 406–407, 411, 415–416; vol. XI, 260, 369, 421–424, 440; vol. XII, 19–22, 29, 33, 38, 40–41, 49–50, 63–64, 70–71, 74, 76–86, 93–94, 96, 101, 105–106, 120–121, 124, 126–129, 136–137, 151–154, 156–157, 159–162, 168–169, 177–179, 183–185, 192–199, 206–207, 212, 216–217, 222–225, 237–239, 242, 249, 253–260, 262–265, 271, 273–274, 276–277, 279–281, 283–284, 287, 290, 293–295, 307–309, 311, 324, 327–328, 331–332, 335, 343, 346, 348, 351, 355–356, 359, 362–363, 366–370, 374, 376, 380, 385–387, 392–393, 399–403, 405–406, 409, 412–414, 427, 429–434, 436–442; vol. XIII, 7–11, 15–17, 19–20, 32–36, 38, 40–42, 51–54, 57, 60–61, 64–67, 69–83, 86–88, 104, 107–111, 113–116, 122, 125, 128, 131, 135–137, 139–140, 144, 155–156, 163, 177, 183–188, 190–295, 197–201, 203–207, 209–220, 222–227, 229–234, 236–239, 245–254, 256–261, 263–265, 271–272, 274–276, 278, 282–283, 288, 291–295, 297–298, 300–302, 305, 307, 309–311, 313–318, 320–322, 324–329, 331–332, 334–346, 348–351, 353–359, 361–364, 369–379, 383, 385–389, 391, 395–403, 416–448, 452–453, 455–457, 459, 461, 463–464, 466, 469, 471–472, 478, 482–483, 486, 488–489, 491, 493–505; vol. XIV, 2–62, 64–66, 68–74, 76–93, 95, 100–107, 109, 112–125, 128–133, 137–138, 140–146, 148–155, 157–161, 163, 175–179, 183–189, 193–195, 197–228, 230, 232–246, 258–265, 267–269, 271, 274–276, 278–283, 285–293, 295–319, 321–329, 331, 338, 340–341, 343–345, 349–351, 354, 358–359, 365–368, 370–372, 378, 382, 384, 389–392, 394–395, 397–399, 401, 403–404, 406–410, 412, 414–417, 419–424, 426–435, 439–440, 442–450, 453–473, 475–476, 478–482, 485–503, 571–573, 575–579, 582–598, 601–603, 605–614, 616–624, 626–628, 631, 633–645, 647–655; vol. XV, 9–10, 12–13, 16, 20–22, 24–48, 49, 59–60, 63–64, 66, 68–73, 78–85, 87–89, 91, 94–95, 99–105, 108–109, 122, 127, 120, 145, 148, 155–159, 167, 174, 179–180, 188–190, 193–200, 202, 204–223, 225–230, 232–234, 236–243, 245–251, 253–264, 266–268, 274, 276–284, 286–287, 289, 301–302, 306–309, 311–312, 314–321, 323–329, 331–333, 335–336, 338, 348, 350–357, 359, 362–367, 370, 374–376, 379–382, 384–397, 399–402, 406–417, 421–435, 437–449, 451–455, 457–459, 462, 465–472, 474–475, 477–487, 489–494, 498–501, 503, 505–506, 508–510, 514–533, 537–545, 548–549, 551–557, 559–567, 570–571, 573–574, 576, 579–584, 588–589, 591–592, 595, 597–600, 602–608, 610–611, 613–639, 641, 645, 647, 651–655, 658–660, 662, 665–679, 682, 685, 716, 725–726, 730, 732, 737, 743

Ruby, Joyce, vol. XIV, 366

Ruby, Marge (Mrs.), vol. V, 197; vol. XIV, 365, 425, 470

Ruby, Oscar, vol. XIV, 375

Ruby, Phyllis (Mrs.), vol. V, 197; vol. XIV, 124, 145

Ruby, Robert, vol. XIV, 366

Ruby, Sam: Testimony, vol. XIV, 488–503 Referred to, vol. V, 185, 197, 242; vol. XIII, 71, 321, 379; vol. XIV, 114, 120–121, 137, 140, 145, 213, 233, 249–255, 366, 370–372, 395–396, 398, 414, 420, 422–425, 439, 443, 451, 471–472, 481; vol. XV, 9, 36, 40, 44, 280

Rudman, Bill, vol. V, 204

Ruggieri, Nick, vol. VIII, 82–83

Rushing, Ray, vol. XII, 76–77, 83–84

Rusk, Hon. Dean: Testimony, vol. V, 363–372 Referred to, vol. I, 205; vol. VII, 471

Russell, Harold, affidavit, vol. VII, 594

Rutherford, Tracy (Mrs.), vol. VII, 477

Rutkowski, Fannie, vol. XIV, 437

Rutland, Harry, vol. XIV, 438; vol. XV, 17

Rutland, Rita, vol. XV, 17

Rutledge, John, vol. V, 189; vol. XIV, 594; vol. XIV, 554

Ryan, Mickey. (See Pike, Roy William.)

Rybka, Henry, vol. II, 86

Rydberg, H. A., vol. II, 349–350

Ryder, Dial Duwayne: Testimony, vol. XI, 224–240 Referred to, vol. II, 48, 57, 59; vol. VII, 224, 226; vol. X, 362; vol. XI, 154–155, 241–248, 251–252, 257, 268–269, 466–467

S

Safran, Don, vol. V, 186; vol. XIV, 432; vol. XV, 328, 330

Sales, J. R., vol. XII, 380

Salvat, Emanuel, vol. XI, 378

Salyer, Kenneth Everett: Testimony, vol. VI, 80–81 Referred to, vol. VI, 32

Sambell, Ken, vol. IX, 471

Sancipian, Pat, vol. XIV, 291

Sanders, Barefoot, vol. V, 226–227, 229, 236, 240, 254; vol. VIII, 342, 352, 378, 471–472; vol. IX, 166; vol. XIII, 156; vol. XV, 61

Sanders, David, vol. VI, 117, 137, 142, 151

Sanders, Pauline, vol. VI, 371

Saro, Bill, vol. XV, 361

Sartre, Jean Paul, vol. IX, 420; vol. XI, 161

Saunders, Louis, vol. I, 245

Saunders, Richard L.: Testimony, vol. XV, 577–585 Referred to, vol. XV, 537, 546, 573–575

Savage, Jim, vol. IX, 218

Sawyer, Earl, vol. XII, 133

Sawyer, J. Herbert: Testimony, vol. VI, 315–325 Referred to, vol. III, 261–262, 292; vol. IV, 162–165, 197–198, 250; vol. VI, 252, 310–312, 327; vol. VII, 45, 47, 79, 584; vol. XII, 31, 38, 46, 74–75

Sawyer, Mildred (Mrs.), testimony, vol. VIII, 31–34

Sayre, A. K., vol. X, 138–139, 141–143

Sayres, Alfred, vol. XIV, 111–113, 123–124, 126, 488, 490, 492; vol. XV, 59

Schepps, Julius, vol. XV, 524

Schiller, Larry, vol. XIV, 474–475

Schlaeger, Carl L., vol. XI, 333

Schmidt, Bob, vol. V, 530–531

Schmidt, Hunter, Jr.: Testimony, vol. XI, 240–245 Referred to, vol. XI, 235–238, 465–467

Schmidt, Larrie, vol. V, 489–499, 501–522, 525–529, 531, 534; vol. XI, 429–431

Schmidt, Volkmar, vol. II, 442; vol. IX, 128–129, 256, 452; vol. X, 3, 20–22, 24, 26, 30

Schnitzius, John P., vol. XV, 50

Schrand, Martin E., vol. VIII, 268, 276, 280–281, 316

Schreiber, Ann (Mrs.), vol. XII, 3

Schriver, Gene, vol. XIV, 458

Schurman, Ted, vol. IV, 448

Schwartz, Abba, vol. V, 317, 336, 344, 374, 380, 384–385

Schwartz, Elliott, vol. XIV, 377–380

Schwartz, Sam, vol. XIV, 291

Scibor, Mitchell J., testimony, vol. VII, 370–372

Scoggins, William W.: Testimony, vol. III, 322–340 Referred to, vol. II, 261; vol. III, 320, 354; vol. IV, 227; vol. VII, 99, 155, 265–266

Scorta, Dominico, vol. XIV, 376, 385–386

Scott, Frances, vol. VI, 151

Scott, Paul L., vol. XII, 351–352, 356, 373, 374, 379, 439, 445; vol. XIII, 49; vol. XIV, 111; vol. XV, 352, 354, 613–615, 619

Scritchfield, Jack, vol. XIII, 196, 200, 262, 265

Seals, Gary, vol. I, 177, 238, 410

Searcy, B. D., vol. III, 354, 356

Seder, Mort, vol. XIV, 173, 266–277

Seeley, Carroll Hamilton, Jr.: Testimony, vol. XI, 193–205 Referred to, vol. V, 354, 357

Segel, Henry, vol. XIV, 61, 286

Sehrt, Clem, vol. I, 197–198

Selassie, Haile (Emperor), vol. V, 107

Seldin, Don W., vol. III, 371; vol. VI, 11, 32, 60–61, 64

Semingsen, W. W.: Testimony, vol. X, 405–413 Referred to, vol. X, 416–417, 421–422, 424; vol. XIII, 222

Semos, Chris, vol. XIV, 136–137, 140

Senator, Bobby, vol. XIV, 169

Senator, Charles, vol. XIV, 59

Senator, George: Testimony, vol. XIV, 164–330 Referred to, vol. I, 436, 439; vol. II, 296; vol. V, 195, 203; vol. XII, 76, 78, 238; vol. XIII, 38, 70, 185, 215, 217, 233, 239, 250–251, 263, 317, 321, 347, 426–427, 430, 433, 439–440, 445, 464–466, 491, 503–504; vol. XIV, 45–46, 59, 87–88, 119, 131–132, 146, 406, 416, 435, 469, 532, 567, 590, 638, 654; vol. XV, 35, 41, 85, 103, 220, 225, 234, 246, 265, 327, 341–342, 353, 386, 426, 444, 455, 482, 552, 624, 626, 675

Senator, Jake, vol. XIV, 167

Senkel, Billy L., vol. IV, 165, 203; vol. VII, 190, 197, 199, 201, 207, 218, 221–223, 230, 248–249, 314

Serra, Raymond, vol. VIII, 212

Servauce, John Olridge: Testimony, vol. XIII, 175–181 Referred to, vol. XIII, 144, 147, 161, 163, 165, 169–171

Shaneyfelt, Lyndal L.: Testimony, vol. IV, 279–294; vol. V, 138–165, 176–178; vol. VII, 410, 418; vol. XV, 686–702

Shanklin, J. Gordon, vol. IV, 209, 238, 460, 471; vol. V, 115, 237; vol. VI, 334; vol. VII, 309; vol. XII, 30; vol. XIV, 506–507, 513, 520, 621; vol. XV, 62–63

Sharon, Lee, vol. XV, 250

Sharp, Alton. (See Brown, Conrad.)

Sharp, William, vol. VII, 368

Sharples, Wynne (“Didi”), vol. I, 395–396; vol. VIII, 358, 431, 439, 455; vol. IX, 13–14, 19, 97, 174, 196–201, 207, 296; vol. X, 8

Shasteen, Clifton, M.: Testimony, vol. X, 309–327 Referred to, vol. IX, 453

Shaw, Marie, vol. XV, 310–311

Shaw, Dr. Robert Roeder: Testimony, vol. IV, 101–117; vol. VI, 83–95 Referred to, vol. III, 389; vol. IV, 118, 122, 126–127, 136, 148; vol. V, 78–79, 85, 92, 96, 142, 154; vol. VI, 23–24, 69, 96–97, 100–103, 105, 109–111, 117

Shay, Ruth, vol. XIV, 13, 79, 277, 293

Shelby, Faye Dean, vol. VI, 151

Shelley, William H.: Testimony, vol. VI, 327–334; vol. VII, 390–393 Referred to, vol. II, 216, 230, 232–236; vol. III, 164–165, 209–210, 214, 220, 234–235; vol. IV, 270; vol. VI, 337–339, 342, 357, 365, 377, 381, 388–390, 392, 394; vol. VII, 248–249, 382–383, 388

Shepard, Dick, vol. XIV, 280

Sherikova, Rimma, vol. V, 616

Sherman, Joe, vol. XV, 157–159

Shieffer, Bob, vol. I, 142

Shields, Edward: Testimony, vol. VII, 393–395 Referred to, vol. IV, 43; vol. VI, 351, 365

Shiller, Larry, vol. XIV, 402

Shinskey, Fred, vol. XIV, 453

Ship, Emma, vol. XIV, 275

Shires, Dr. George T.: Testimony, vol. VI, 104–113 Referred to, vol. III, 363–364, 367, 376, 379–380, 383–386, 389; vol. IV, 113, 139; vol. VI, 6, 8, 17, 23–24, 52, 88, 91, 150

Shirokova, Rima. (See Sherikova, Rimma.)

Shockley, Bob, vol. XIII, 386

Shore, Mike, vol. XIII, 376; vol. XIV, 8–9, 80, 120, 279, 396–398, 400–403, 407–408, 473

Shriver, Eunice (Mrs.), vol. VII, 455

Shriver, Robert Sargent, Jr., vol. VII, 472

Sibert, James W., vol. II, 92–95, 99, 131; vol. V, 73

Siegel, Evelyn Grace Strickman, testimony, vol. VIII, 224–228

Silvera, Anna, vol. XI, 379

Silverman, Rabbi Hillel E., vol. V, 187; vol. XIV, 463, 470; vol. XV, 47

Silvi, Glenn, vol. XV, 429

Simco, Bud, vol. XI, 88

Simmons, Ronald, testimony, vol. III, 441–451

Simms, Jean, vol. XIV, 651

Simpson, Ralph, vol. XII, 443–444, 446

Simpson, Robert, vol. XIV, 129, 131

Sims, Richard M.: Testimony, vol. VII, 158–186 Referred to, vol. IV, 203–204, 206–207, 209, 216–217, 251, 253–254, 256–257, 260; vol. V, 187; vol. VII, 120–123, 125–126, 129, 132–134, 136, 151, 231, 234, 380, 401–402, 404; vol. XIII, 71

Sinatra, Frank, vol. XIV, 130, 473

Sinatra, Frank, Jr., vol. V, 114

Sinclair, Art, vol. XV, 286, 391

Siteman, Stephen, vol. XI, 210

Skaags, Gino, vol. XIV, 58

Skelton, Royce G.: Testimony, vol. VI, 236–239 Referred to, vol. VI, 225, 229

Skolnick, Sadie, vol. VIII, 228

Skotnicki, Gary, vol. II, 296

Skotnicki, Katcha, vol. I, 239, 436

Skotnicki, Stanley, vol. I, 239, 436; vol. II, 295–296; vol. IX, 306

Slack, Garland Glenwill: Testimony, vol. X, 378–385 Referred to, vol. X, 357–358, 361, 363, 365–368, 371–373, 378–379

Slack, Johnny Glenwill, vol. X, 379

Slack, Lucille (Mrs.), vol. X, 380–383

Slack, Willie B.: Testimony, vol. XII, 347–353 Referred to, vol. XIII, 90–91

Slatin, Joe. (See Slayton, Joe.)

Slatter, Bill, vol. XI, 169; 175

Slaughter, Malcolm R.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 261–266 Referred to, vol. XIII, 196, 198–199, 201; vol. XIV, 242

Slayton, Joe, vol. XIV, 59, 141–144, 212, 284, 310; vol. XV, 430

Sloan, Daniel, vol. XIV, 369

Small, Alice Reaves, vol. XIV, 111

Smart, Ken, vol. XI, 242, 466

Smart, Vernon S.: Testimony, vol. XIII, 266–277 Referred to, vol. XII, 15, 100, 105, 396–397, 405, 407–409; vol. XIII, 41–43, 51; vol. XV, 117

Smele, R. H. W., vol. XII, 444

Smith, Allen H., vol. XII, 272, 340–341, 394; vol. XIII, 47, 186, 193

Smith, Bennierita (Mrs.), testimony, vol. VIII, 21–27

Smith, Dan, vol. XIII, 290

Smith, Earl, vol. XV, 735

Smith, Edgar Leon, Jr.: Testimony, vol. VII, 565–569 Referred to, vol. VII, 533, 540, 586

Smith, Eugene, vol. XIV, 639, 655

Smith, Fred B., testimony, vol. IV, 317–358

Smith, Glenn Emmett, testimony, vol. X, 399–405

Smith, Hilda L., affidavit, vol. XI, 474

Smith, Hubert Winston, vol. XIV, 414, 482–483

Smith, Joe Marshall: Testimony, vol. VII, 531–539 Referred to, vol. VII, 586

Smith, John Allison: Testimony, vol. XIII, 277–284 Referred to, vol. XIII, 258–260, 290, 295

Smith, L. C., vol. III, 291

Smith, Lancaster, vol. VII, 483

Smith, Merriman, vol. XV, 75–76

Smith, Robyn Hoy, vol. XIV, 291

Smith, Stephen (Mrs.), vol. VII, 455, 471

Smith, T. B., vol. VIII, 93

Smith, T. E., vol. XIV, 275

Smith, Warren, vol. IX, 191

Smith, William Arthur, testimony, vol. VII, 82–85

Snyder, Bryan, vol. V, 429

Snyder, Fallon, vol. V, 429

Snyder, Oliver, vol. V, 429

Snyder, Richard Edward: Testimony, vol. V, 260–299 Referred to, vol. V, 300, 305–306, 312, 333, 338, 340, 342–343, 354, 356, 567–568, 570; vol. XI, 182–183, 197–198, 447, 453, 458

Soboleva, Ella, vol. I, 103, 107

Solomon, James Maurice: Testimony, vol. XII, 87–91 Referred to, vol. VII, 588–589; vol. XII, 79–80, 132–133, 138, 157, 197–198, 248, 263, 326, 334, 381–382; vol. XV, 158

Solomon, Rose, vol. XIV, 437

Sommers, Liza, vol. XIII, 214

Sorrels, Forrest V.: Testimony, vol. VII, 332–360, 592; vol. XIII, 55–83 Referred to, vol. I, 174, 177, 184–187, 260; vol. II, 15, 68, 109, 182, 187, 199–200; vol. III, 145–147, 150, 158, 160; vol. IV, 161, 173–174, 197–199, 222, 227–228, 237, 241, 323–324, 326, 330, 336, 340, 344–345, 355–358, 470; vol. V, 47, 206, 218, 245–249, 257, 461, 613; vol. VI, 234, 324, 408; vol. VII, 99, 155, 257, 266–267, 297, 537, 575, 580, 586, 590; vol. X, 281, 309; vol. XI, 386–387; vol. XII, 21, 28, 84, 105, 368, 413–414, 430–433, 441–442; vol. XIII, 4, 25–26, 34, 50–52, 229; vol. XIV, 110; vol. XV, 65, 129, 465

Souter, James M., vol. VII, 581; vol. XII, 93–94, 107, 109, 126, 301

Southard, W. F., vol. VII, 578–579, 583, 588

Stalin, Josef, vol. XI, 212–213

Standard, Jim, vol. XII, 184

Standifer, Roy E.: Testimony, vol. XV, 614–619 Referred to, vol. XIII, 187; vol. XV, 600

Standridge, Ruth Jeanette: Testimony, vol. VI, 115–119 Referred to, vol. VI, 83, 123, 137, 147, 152

Standt, Morton, vol. XV, 294, 296, 302, 320

Stansberg, Joyce Maurine, vol. IV, 43

Stanton, Sarah, vol. VI, 328, 338, 397

Staples, Dr. Albert F., affidavit, vol. XI, 210

Starling, Lisa, vol. XIV, 61, 287

Starr, Herb, vol. V, 531

Starr, Jack, vol. XIV, 350

Starr, Nancy, vol. XIV, 350

Statman, Irving: Testimony, vol. X, 149–160 Referred to, vol. X, 119, 122, 127, 145

St. Charles, Ernest, vol. XIV, 266–267

Stecker, Jack, vol. IX, 272

Stecker, Walter Washington, vol. IX, 272

Steel, Peggy, vol. XIII, 378; vol. XIV, 61, 286

Steele, Charles Hall, Jr.: Testimony, vol. X, 62–71 Referred to, vol. X, 41, 72

Steele, Charles Hall, Sr., testimony, vol. X, 71–73

Steele, Don Francis: Testimony, vol. XII, 353–356 Referred to, vol. XII, 117; vol. XV, 184

Steele, Gerald, vol. X, 72

Steele, Jaqueline, vol. X, 72

Steiner, Sammy, vol. XV, 734

Stevens, Patricia, vol. XIV, 291

Stevenson, Hon. Adlai E., vol. I, 55; vol. II, 108, 110, 169, 174, 388–389, 507; vol. IV, 315–316, 322, 345; vol. V, 190, 396, 447, 463, 491–493, 505, 508, 512; vol. VI, 181; vol. VII, 338–340, 444, 583; vol. IX, 326, 462–463; vol. XI, 424, 429; vol. XIV, 462; vol. XV, 12, 264, 441

Stevenson, M. W.: Testimony, vol. XII, 91–108; vol. XV, 133–138 Referred to, vol. IV, 187, 190, 197–199, 202–204, 234, 236; vol. VII, 57, 121, 159, 580; vol. XII, 3–5, 7–15, 17–19, 21, 30, 35–37, 54, 58–60, 63, 65–66, 68, 71, 74, 106–107, 117–118, 208, 272, 281, 310, 339, 396, 404, 442; vol. XIII, 14, 268–269, 271; vol. XV, 58, 74, 115, 118–121, 125–128, 143, 151, 184, 186–187, 590

Stewart, Bob, vol. XII, 448

Stewart, Jim, vol. XIV, 394

Stewart, Robert A., vol. IV, 336; vol. VII, 334

Stinson, Bill, vol. XV, 78

Stinson, Bob, vol. V, 241

Stokes, J. D., vol. XV, 70

Stombaugh, Paul Morgan, testimony, vol. IV, 56–88; vol. XV, 702

Stone, Marylyn (Mrs.), vol. X, 379

Stone, Vernon, vol. X, 379, 381

Storey, R. G., vol. V, 239

Stouff, Charlene, vol. X, 64

Stoughton, Cecil, vol. II, 98

Stout, Stewart, vol. II, 96–99, 143

Stovall, Richard S.: Testimony, vol. VII, 186–195 Referred to, vol. IV, 207, 217; vol. VII, 59, 203–205, 209–210, 215, 228–230

Stovall, Robert L.: Testimony, vol. X, 167–174 Referred to, vol. I, 218; vol. IV, 207; vol. XI, 479

Stover, John H., vol. II, 349–350

Stowbaugh, Betty, vol. XV, 424

Stoy, Ernie, vol. XIV, 104

Strauss, Bob, vol. XV, 522

Stringer, Richard D., vol. VII, 57, 110–111, 118

Strong, Jesse M., testimony, vol. XIII, 284–289

Stroud, Martha Jo, vol. XI, 467; vol. XV, 514, 525–526

Stuart, Donald C., vol. I, 239, 436

Stuckey, William Kirk: Testimony, vol. XI, 156–178 Referred to, vol. X, 39, 42, 49; vol. XI, 471; vol. XIV, 74

Studebaker, Robert Lee: Testimony, vol. VII, 137–149 Referred to, vol. IV, 250, 257, 260, 265, 268–269, 270, 272; vol. VII, 97–98, 103, 122, 132, 161, 174, 185, 271, 277, 287, 402

Styles, Sandra, vol. VI, 388

Sugerman, Harold, vol. XV, 312

Sulliman, Samuel E., vol. II, 143

Sullivan, Colley, vol. XIV, 376, 524

Sullivan, Daniel, vol. III, 115; vol. IX, 247

Sullivan, Daniel (Mrs.), vol. III, 115; vol. IX, 247

Sullivan, Jim, vol. XV, 537

Sutton, Kay, vol. XIV, 613

Surrey, Robert Alan: Testimony, vol. V, 420–449 Referred to, vol. V, 531, 537–545; vol. XI, 412–413; vol. XV, 714–715, 743

Swain, Richard E., vol. IV, 186, 234, 243; vol. XII, 70, 210, 213, 273; vol. XIII, 5–7, 51, 122, 272, 275; vol. XV, 151

Sweatt, Allen, vol. III, 291; vol. VI, 174; vol. VII, 220, 261, 350, 547, 550; vol. XIV, 583; vol. XV, 286

T

Tabbert, Bob, vol. X, 30

Taber, Don, vol. XIV, 197–198, 200, 305

Tachina, Anna, vol. IX, 262

Tack, Joseph, vol. IX, 421

Tackett, Johnny, vol. III, 125; vol. IX, 421

Tague, James Thomas: Testimony, vol. VII, 552–558 Referred to, vol. VII, 546

Talbert, Cecil E.: Testimony, vol. XII, 108–128; vol. XV, 182–191 Referred to, vol. IV, 187; vol. VII, 49; vol. XII, 4–6, 9, 12, 16, 34, 36, 54, 60, 65, 68, 97, 99–100, 102–103, 108, 166, 171, 184, 327, 338, 342, 354, 365, 367–370, 417–420, 425, 428, 430, 434, 436–437; vol. XIII, 38; vol. XV, 60, 115, 119–120, 125, 134, 136, 151, 186

Tanaro, Hank, vol. V, 531

Tanay, Emanuel, vol. XIV, 414, 505, 507–508, 513, 576–577

Tankersley, John, vol. XIII, 129, 134

Tannebaum, Harold, vol. XIV, 57

Tanner, Jack, vol. XII, 4

Tardi, Leo, vol. XIV, 294

Tardieu, B. Juindine, vol. IX, 277–279

Tarrant, Jean, vol. VI, 151

Tarver, O. J., vol. V, 34, 48–49, 57

Tasker, Harry T., testimony, vol. XV, 679–686

Taylor, Alexandra. (See Gibson, Donald (Mrs.).)

Taylor, Curtis Lee, vol. IX, 205; vol. XI, 125–127

Taylor, Gary E.: Testimony, vol. IX, 73–102; vol. XI, 470 Referred to, vol. I, 8, 31–32; vol. II, 10; vol. VIII, 398–399, 407–408; vol. IX, 159, 205, 228, 230, 257, 283, 296, 321, 451; vol. XI, 120–121, 123–124, 128, 131–134, 136–139, 145–146, 149–150

Taylor, L. C., vol. XII, 358

Taylor, Peggy, vol. XIV, 11

Taylor, Robert, vol. X, 399–402, 404

Taylor, Warren, vol. II, 69, 96, 147, 149, 152–153; vol. V, 41–42

Taylor, Woody, vol. V, 565

Tenniswood, Richard Clair, vol. XIII, 406, 409

Tenniswood, Richard Clair (Mrs.), vol. XIII, 406, 409

Tessmer, Charlie, vol. XIV, 399–400, 473

Thomas, Representative Albert, vol. II, 98, 135–154; vol. V, 179, 563; vol. VII, 442, 444–445, 458, 465, 475; vol. XV, 76, 90

Thomas, Milton, vol. XIV, 29, 295; vol. XV, 206

Thomas, Norman, vol. II, 508; vol. IX, 339

Thomas, Tom, vol. XIII, 204

Thompson, Gail, vol. XIV, 61, 285

Thompson, Gaston, vol. XIV, 430, 437

Thompson, Golden, vol. XV, 97

Thompson, James, vol. X, 367–368

Thompson, Joseph, vol. VIII, 28

Thompson, Llewellyn E.: Testimony, vol. V, 567–573 Referred to, vol. V, 279; vol. XI, 458

Thompson, R. A., vol. VII, 577–578, 587

Thompson, Tommy, vol. I, 144, 146, 148, 151–152; vol. III, 84, 88

Thompson, W. H., vol. XI, 415

Thompson, Weldon, vol. XIII, 211

Thornberry, Judge Homer, vol. II, 98, 152–154; vol. V, 563, 565; vol. VII, 461, 464, 475

Thorne, John M., vol. I, 176–177, 188, 244, 260, 266, 283, 286–290, 338, 340, 348, 416–417, 441, 464, 469–470, 475–482, 484–485, 487, 491, 497–498; vol. II, 5, 10, 12, 14–15, 19, 21, 27, 29, 429–430; vol. V, 399, 412, 603–604; vol. IX, 352–353, 355–366, 374, 394, 429; vol. XI, 398, 401

Thornley, Kerry Wendell: Testimony, vol. XI, 82–115 Referred to, vol. VIII, 228, 301; vol. XI, 336

Thornton, James Robert, vol. XV, 602

Thornton, Spencer, vol. XV, 106

Thorsten, Hasso, vol. XI, 426

Thurmond, Senator Strom, vol. XV, 713

Tice, Wilma May: Testimony, vol. XV, 388–396 Referred to, vol. XV, 285–287

Tiger, H. G., vol. XIV, 61, 287

Tilton, Nancy (Mrs.), vol. IX, 97–98, 100–101, 204; vol. XI, 141

Timmons, Dave, vol. XIII, 129, 134, 138

Timmons, Monte, vol. XIV, 81

Tippit, J. D., vol. I, 78, 234–236, 240, 404, 448, 451–452, 456–457, 468–469; vol. II, 37–38, 50–51, 58, 60–61, 426; vol. III, 86, 88, 131, 148, 155, 296–298, 307, 309, 311–312, 315–319, 321, 327–329, 332, 335–336, 354, 452, 454, 466, 473–475, 477–478, 482, 488–490, 510–511; vol. IV, 151–152, 155, 166, 176–181, 184, 192, 196, 199, 214, 219, 221, 230–231, 237, 240, 276–277, 355, 375, 380, 384, 462, 468; vol. V, 35, 40, 44, 203–204, 215, 218–219, 226, 247, 516, 521–522, 573, 606; vol. VI, 301, 308, 314, 324–327, 412, 434, 456, 462, 468; vol. VII, 12–13, 19, 22, 35–36, 40, 42, 48, 59–60, 66–68, 75–82, 92, 95, 99, 111, 115, 123, 129–130, 163–166, 171, 176, 178, 181, 196, 208, 210, 215, 231–232, 250, 256–257, 260–262, 265, 267, 273–276, 285, 288, 292, 297, 303, 309, 312, 319, 323, 385, 481, 499, 502, 505, 538, 547, 549, 568, 576, 594; vol. X, 295, 303, 306; vol. XI, 421–422, 440; vol. XII, 29–31, 33, 44–45, 94–95, 135, 155–156, 199–205, 433; vol. XIII, 194, 290, 353; vol. XIV, 42, 69, 152, 338, 485–486, 557, 559–561, 596, 628, 631–632, 634, 647; vol. XV, 289, 348, 354, 506–507, 542, 545, 583–584, 641, 654–655, 677, 703, 725, 744–745

Tippit, J. D. (Mrs.), vol. I, 241, 501; vol. XV, 93

Tito, Josip Broz, vol. IX, 101, 211

Titovetz, Erick, vol. I, 104, 108

Tobias, Mahlon F., Sr.: Testimony, vol. X, 251–264 Referred to, vol. X, 231, 242, 247

Tobias, Mahlon F. (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. X, 231–251 Referred to, vol. IV, 441, 443, 445; vol. X, 252–254, 259

Todd, Andy, vol. IX, 269

Todd, Elmer, vol. III, 428

Tolliver, Kenneth, vol. XV, 738

Tolson, Clyde, vol. V, 2

Tolstoy, Alexandra (Miss), vol. IX, 4

Tolstoy, Leo, vol. IX, 4

Tomlinson, Darrell C.: Testimony, vol. VI, 128–134 Referred to, vol. VI, 123

Tompkins, R. McC., vol. VII, 419–420, 423

Tonahill, Joe H., vol. XIII, 73; vol. XIV, 268, 396, 398, 403, 415, 473, 476, 479–482, 583–584; vol. XV, 68, 472

Tormey, James J.: Testimony, vol. X, 107–108 Referred to, vol. X, 103

Torti, Leo, vol. XIII, 372; vol. XIV, 161, 457, 463, 489; vol. XV, 335, 678

Tower, Senator John G., vol. I, 130, 188, 192, 209; vol. X, 106

Towney, Bill, vol. XIV, 60, 285

Townsley, Ward, vol. X, 424

Trace, John, vol. XV, 238

Tracey, James, vol. VII, 394–395

Trail, William Kenneth, vol. VIII, 290–291, 302

Trammell, Connie, vol. XIV, 92

Tressler, Carl, vol. XIV, 604, 612

Tricker, Jimmie, vol. XV, 293

Tropolis, George, vol. VII, 582; vol. XII, 88

True, Tammi. (See Powell, Nancy Monnell.)

Trujillo, Rafael L., vol. VIII, 241; vol. XV, 736

Truly, Roy Sansom: Testimony, vol. III, 212–241; vol. VII, 380–386, 591 Referred to, vol. II, 50, 55, 210, 214–215; vol. III, 34–35, 164, 183, 189, 193, 196, 202, 206, 249–252, 254–255, 257–258, 260–264, 266–267, 273, 279; vol. IV, 43, 163, 206, 213–214, 237, 471–472, 474; vol. V, 1; vol. VI, 328–331, 335–337, 339–340, 357, 362, 371–372, 375, 381, 385, 390, 392; vol. VII, 219–220, 265, 348, 380, 387–380; vol. XII, 31

Truman, President Harry, vol. II, 113; vol. V, 31, 107, 468, 473

Tucker, Sammy, vol. XIV, 276

Turman, Floyd (Buddy), vol. XIII, 186; vol. XIV, 19, 125, 278, 293

Turner, F. M.: Testimony, vol. VII, 217–227 Referred to, vol. IV, 165, 203; vol. VII, 197–199, 201, 213, 215, 314

Turner, Floyd. (See Turman, Floyd.)

Turner, Jimmy: Testimony, vol. XIII, 130–141 Referred to, vol. XII, 367; vol. XIII, 114, 129, 284, 295

Turner, Johnny, vol. XIV, 63, 66–68; vol. XV, 201

Turner, Thomas W., vol. VIII, 121

Turner, Tony, vol. XIV, 60, 284

Tuttle, Helen, vol. X, 420

Twiford, Estelle (Mrs.), affidavit, vol. XI, 179–180

Twiford, Horace Elroy, affidavit, vol. XI, 179

U

Udall, Representative Morris K., vol. XV, 741

Umberto, Anesi, vol. XIV, 376

Umberto, Burt, vol. XIV, 377

Umberto, Mario, vol. XIV, 376

Uname, Robert, vol. XI, 111

Underwood, George, Jr., vol. VII, 477

Underwood, James Robert: Testimony, vol. VI, 167–171 Referred to, vol. II, 158, 162; vol. VI, 155, 163; vol. VII, 64, 359; vol. XIII, 60; vol. XV, 344, 697

Unger, Ronnie, vol. XIV, 174

Uris, Leon, vol. XV, 282

Utterbach, Preston, vol. I, 288

Uviller, Dick, vol. IX, 368

V

Vachule, James, vol. II, 43

Valenti, Jack, vol. II, 98

Valentine, Jim M., vol. VII, 45

Vallee, Rudy, vol. IX, 270

Van Doren, Charles, vol. I, 178

Vaughn, Emma, vol. VII, 376

Vaughn, Roy Eugene: Testimony, vol. XII, 357–372 Referred to, vol. IV, 190–191; vol. V, 257; vol. XII, 22, 39–40, 42, 81, 99, 104, 106, 116, 121–122, 228–229, 230–234, 250, 287, 289, 326, 339–340, 345–347, 420, 422, 424, 436–438, 440, 447; vol. XV, 122, 188–190, 683–684

Vial, Adrian, vol. IV, 434; vol. X, 53, 56

Victorson, Sy, vol. XIV, 342, 354, 358

Victorson, Victor, vol. XIV, 617

Vidles, Ben A., vol. XI, 61

Viles, Lloyd, vol. IV, 43; vol. VI, 328

Vincent, Sal, vol. XIII, 360, 368–369; vol. XV, 201

Vinson, Philip Eugene, testimony, vol. VIII, 75–84

Voebel, Doris, vol. VIII, 23

Voebel, Edward: Testimony, vol. VIII, 1–15 Referred to, vol. VIII, 22–23, 28–29

Voebel, Teddy, vol. VIII, 23

Volpert, Ann (Mrs.), vol. XIV, 145, 368; vol. XV, 30, 33–34

Von Mohrenschildt, Dimitri, vol. IX, 174, 176, 270, 282

Von Mohrenschildt, Sergis Alexander, vol. IX, 168

Von Mohrenschildt, Sergius, vol. IX, 183

Voshinin, Igor Vladimir: Testimony, vol. VIII, 448–472 Referred to, vol. VIII, 426–428, 434; vol. IX, 123–124, 161, 165, 219–220, 236, 251, 267–268, 307, 320, 327; vol. X, 21; vol. XI, 119

Voshinin, Igor Vladimir (Mrs.): Testimony, vol. VIII, 425–448 Referred to, vol. IX, 58, 123–124, 161, 165, 236, 267–268, 307, 327; vol. XI, 119

Vought, Clarence, vol. XIV, 613, 622

W

Wade, Henry: Testimony, vol. V, 213–254 Referred to, vol. I, 192, 211, 460; vol. II, 30, 39, 46–47, 49–50; vol. IV, 166, 175, 181, 198–199, 221, 242; vol. V, 15, 188–190, 259; vol. VII, 327, 330–331; vol. XII, 32–33, 95; vol. XIII, 71, 73, 75–76, 78–81, 189–190, 192, 295; vol. XIV, 399, 414–415, 427–428, 434–435, 513, 531, 542; vol. XV, 57–58, 87, 91, 131, 147, 254–257, 267–268, 350–351, 356–357, 361–365, 374–377, 382, 434, 458–459, 485–486, 505–508, 511, 525, 559–561, 567, 591–592, 606

Wagner, R. C., vol. XII, 163

Wagner, Barbara, vol. XV, 424

Wagner, Cy, vol. XV, 576

Wagner, Robert, vol. IX, 277–278

Waldman, William J., testimony, vol. VII, 360–369