I. SUBJECT INDEX (part 5 of 7)

I. SUBJECT INDEX (part 5 of 7)

=Needle= bone, of Oregon Indians =13=: 117. bone, used with kuraua =38=: § 70. decoration of pipes by =20=: 55. flat split eye =38=: § 47, 48. of the Nenenot =11=: 310. rounded split eye =38=: § 51, 52. use of, among Indians =14=: 562. wooden, hooked =38=: § 49, 50. See also =Needles=; =Perforator=.

=Needle cases= fossil ivory =46=: 174. of Chiriqui =6=: 150. of the Eskimo =9=: 318, 320 sqq.; =18=: 103 sq.

=Needle Grass=, mention of =33=: 66.

=Needle-like Implements= of bone, from Pueblo ruin, finding of =22, i=: 94.

=Needles= bone, from Awatobi =17=: 627. Eskimo =18=: 106 sqq. netting, from Guadeloupe =34=: 136. netting, from Porto Rico =34=: 131. netting, of the Eskimo =9=: 312 sq. sewing, of the Eskimo =9=: 318 sq. splint-bone, from mule deer =44=: 133 sq. used by Eskimo in making nets =18=: 192 sq. used to apply medicine =44=: 333. See also =Needle=.

=Needlework= of Eskimo women =18=: 197.

=Neeswaughgee’s Band= cession of reserve by =18=: 758. reservation for =18=: 740.

=Neff, P.=, boat-shape stone in possession of =13=: 116.

=Negation= gesture sign for =10=: 644. of affirmative, in sign language =1=: 391. of affirmative, signs for =1=: 290, 299, 300, 304, 355, 440, 494.

=Negative Verb=, formation of =28=: 261, 270, 274.

=Neglect= of aged and feeble =38=: § 917.

=Negro-cop.= See =Mycteria=.

=Negroes= blood of, in Eskimo at Point Barrow =46=: 111. death of, accompanying Coronado =14=: 555, 564. in Cherokee nation =19=: education of 155. myth concerning 351. myths of 448, 450, 452, 483. number of 155, 157. relation of myths of, to Indian myths 231, 233-236. influence on, of Indian culture =34=: 12. Island of =14=: 545. mention of, in New Spain =14=: 348, 379, 402, 406. Omaha name for =27=: 612. payment for murder of =42=: 344. raquette played by =24=: 604 sq. slave, Estevan a purchaser of =14=: 348. slavery of =38=: § 776. Tewa name for =29=: 575. with Coronado =14=: 506, 592.

=Nehantic= absorbed by the Mohegan =43=: 207, 209. account of the =18=: 613. division of the =43=: 217. ethnological survivals of =43=: 209. habitat of the =43=: 217. incorporation of, with the Narragansett =43=: 217. synonyms for =43=: 221.

=Neighbors, Robert S.=, on hand game, Comanche =24=: 309.

=Neil, Hugh=, inclosure on land of, New York =12=: 512.

=Neil, Col. T. H.=, surrender of Cheyenne to =17=: 212.

=Neill, ----=, on trade of Omaha =27=: 80 sq.

=Neill, Rev. Edward Duffield= on course of Dakota migration from wild rice fields =19=: 1044. on Dakota curing wild rice =19=: 1064. on Dakota eating wild rice =19=: 1083. on Dakota storing wild rice =19=: 1072. on Dakota threshing wild rice =19=: 1068. on Dakota tying wild rice =19=: 1058. on Dakota villages =19=: 1045. on Dakota wild rice moon =19=: 1090. on hidden ball, Dakota =24=: 365. on influence of wild rice on geographic nomenclature =19=: 1023. on Ojibwa eating human flesh with wild rice =19=: 1084. on popular synonym for wild rice =19=: 1023. on racket, Santee Dakota =24=: 614. on Stephen Brulé as first white man to visit Ojibwa =19=: 1059.

=Nelaton, ----=, cited on primitive trephining =16=: 28.

=Nelson, Aven=, on absence of wild rice in Wyoming =19=: 1032.

=Nelson, Prof. Edward William= collection of earthenware vessels from eastern central Arizona by =6=: L. collection of stone-closes by =8=: 193. contributor to Bureau =48=: 1189. Eskimo research of =7=: 73. graves unearthed by =8=: 86. material collected by =24=: 103, 474, 701, 729. memoir by =18=: LI-LIV, 19-518. mention of =46=: 165, 169, 171, 173, 174, 177, 181, 210, 213, 225, 322, 371. mention of exploration in Alaska of =46=: 30, 32. obituary of =48=: 1221. on Athapascan habitat =7=: 53. on certain ruined Pueblo features =13=: 202. on football, Western Eskimo =24=: 701. on hand-and-foot ball =24=: 706 sq. on hoop and pole, Western Eskimo =24=: 474. on jackstraws, Western Eskimo =24=: 729 sq. on masks =3=: 122, 124, 129-133, 134, 135, 136. on minor amusements, Western Eskimo =24=: 715. on myth of thunder-bird =3=: 120. on running races, Western Eskimo =24=: 805. on shinny, Western Eskimo =24=: 629. on top spinning, Western Eskimo =24=: 738 sq. on use of images of birds in games, Eskimo =24=: 103. petroglyphs described by =10=: 60 sq. pottery obtained by =4=: 279, 292, 353. publication of paper by =19=: XXX. work of =7=: XXVIII, XXIX, XXXIII; =8=: XXVII; =18=: XXXIII sq.

=Nelson, N. C.=, acknowledgments to =29=: 38.

=Nelson, T. F.=, mounds on farm of =5=: 61-66, 90; =12=: 334, 335.

=Nelson, W.=, work of =9=: XLI.

=Nelson, Wilbur A.=, acknowledgment to =41=: 89, 494.

=Nelson Island=, mention of =46=: 168.

=Nelson Island Crania= basiofacial diameters =46=: 279, 282. children, skulls of =46=: 295, 296. dental arch =46=: 276. facial =46=: 266. facial angles =46=: 285. means =46=: 286. mention of =46=: 257, 259, 262, 363. nose =46=: 268, 270. orbits =46=: 274.

=Nelumbo Lutea= a life symbol =36=: 111. a sacred plant =39=: 129, 195. mention of =33=: 79.

=Nemaha County, Nebr.=, reference to =27=: 622.

=Nemoak Society= of the Menomini =14=: 157-161.

=Nemshaw= land cessions and reservations =18=: 784.

=Nenana= absence of remains at =46=: 39. Chief Thomas of =46=: 38. Indians of =46=: 124. village =46=: 125.

=Nenenot Indians=, description of =11=: 183, 267.

=Nenetooyah=, change of name by =19=: 69.

=Nentoig.= See =Mentuig=.

=Nentwig.= See =Rudo Ensayo=.

=Neolithic= class of artifacts, discussion of =17=: 252. industry, primitive, Bonasila =46=: 145.

=Neotoma sp.= (?), Pima food =26=: 80.

=Nepeta Cataria= introduced by the whites =33=: 59. medicinal constituents of =44=: 304. medicinal properties of =44=: 301. use of =44=: 290, 354.

=Nephew= application of the term =42=: 81, 92. term for, used by women =42=: 83. use of the term =40=: 376 sq. use of the term, by clans =42=: 145.

=Nephrite= Eskimo implements made of =18=: 82, 92, 145, 171, 197. Eskimo ornaments made of =18=: 48. Eskimo surgical instruments made of =18=: 310. stone of Leyden Museum =22, i=: discussion and figure of 302 sq. significance of date on, discussion of 294. See also =Jade=.

=Nepissing=, jugglers among the =14=: 62, 138.

=Nepoics=, a nation of Trinidad =34=: 64.

=Neptune, François=, informant, mention of =43=: 171, 173, 177.

=Neptune Family=, information concerning =43=: 176.

=Nereis sp.= See =Periwinkle=.

=Nerm= =1=: 142.

=Nēsa´dî Tlingit clan= history of =26=: 411. phratry and tribe of =26=: 399.

=Neshoba River=, called River of the Wolves =42=: 46.

=Nespelim= and Sanpoil affinity =14=: 733. basketry of the =41=: 154, 156, 414. imbrication learned by the =41=: 140. origin of the =45=: 214.

=Nespilem=, population of =7=: 105.

=Nest= bird’s string figure of =38=: § 667, 684. oriole’s =22, ii=: rite of making the 242 sqq., 357, 358. symbolism of 34, 243 sqq., 358. treatment of, in Hako ceremony 20. use of 20. See also names of different birds.

=Nest-shaped Baskets=, term for =41=: 397.

=Nestucca=, habitat of =7=: 104.

=Net= fishing, for crab =38=: § 220. fishing, for manati =38=: § 169. for sea-eggs =35=: 163. use of, in finishing =20=: Iroquoian pottery 163. Middle Atlantic Coast pottery 148, 151, 152. New Jersey-New England pottery 177. use of, in modeling South Appalachian pottery =20=: 134. See also =Fabrics=; =Nets=; =Paddles=; =Roulette=; =Textiles=.

=Net-making Implements= of the Eskimo =18=: 190-195.

=Netchillirmiut Eskimo Tribe=, situation of =6=: 452-458.

=Netherworld People.= See =Underworld People=.

=Nets= for animals, Eskimo =18=: 118-131. for birds, Eskimo =18=: 131-135. for fish, Eskimo =9=: 284 sqq.; =18=: 185-190. for seal, Eskimo =9=: 251. from Atlantic Coast =3=: 419. making of =41=: 138. manufacture and use of =13=: 26. of the Coeur d’Alêne =45=: 55. of the Florida and Virginia Indians =13=: 45. used for fishing =45=: 107. used in hunting =45=: 245. See also =Net=.

=Netting= measure =35=: 163. needles, Kwakiutl =35=: 163. needles, Eskimo =9=: 312 sq. tools of the Eskimo =9=: 312-315. weights of the Eskimo =9=: 315 sq.

=Nettles, R. H.=, killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 872.

=Nettles= bark of =35=: 163. bark of, for cauterizing =35=: 695. employment of, in spinning =13=: 22. mention of =33=: 77. use of =44=: 294; 45: 471, 499, 505. See also =Bull Nettle=; =Urtica Gracilis=.

=Neumann, Eduardo= elbow stone figured by =25=: 174. on specimens of Antillean skulls =25=: 29. on stone collars =25=: 169.

=Neumann, Dr. Felix= editorial work of =34=: 25. work of =36=: 28.

=Neumann, R.=, acknowledgments to =18=: 21.

=Neumann Collection=, description of =25=: XV.

=Neuralgia= among the Pima =26=: 268. treatment of =42=: 655.

=Neutral Land= cession of =18=: 840, 848. grant of =18=: 754. proposed cession of, by Cherokee =5=: 319, 320.

=Neutrals=, hostility of the =30=: 20.

=Nevada= arrow point material found in =14=: 283. geographic character of =14=: 765. military posts in =17=: 385. petroglyphs in =10=: 92-96. pictographs =4=: 24, 25, 60, 157. Pueblo pottery in =4=: 287.

=Neville, A. C.=, on the habitat of the Winnebago =37=: 80.

=Nevis, Island of= archeology of =34=: 158. number of specimens from =34=: 49. perforated stone from =34=: 125. torso from =34=: 11.

=Nevóme Dialect=, work on =26=: 20.

=New Albin, Iowa= mounds near =5=: 26. rock carvings at =4=: 23, 24.

=New Britain=, Duk-Duk ceremony of =3=: 100.

=New Brunswick= wild rice in =19=: 1037. work in =10=: XII sq.; =19=: XVII sq.; =20=: IX, XI.

=New Caledonia=, drawings from =10=: 743.

=New Caves=, near Flagstaff, Ariz., description of =22, i=: 37 sq.

=New Connecticut.= See =Connecticut=.

=New Corn Crop= celebration of =42=: 550, 568. See also =Busk=; =Green Corn Dance=.

=New Echota= adoption of Cherokee constitution at =5=: 374. attendance at conference at =19=: 123. attitude of Cherokee toward treaty of =19=: 135. capital of Cherokee nation =19=: 107. Cherokee council at =5=: 280. constitution convention at =19=: 112. East Cherokee rights to benefits of treaty of =19=: 165, 167. Major Davis on treaty of =19=: 126. provisions of treaty of =19=: 227 sq. ratification of treaty of =19=: 125 sq. treaty of =15=: 754; =19=: 123 sqq., 158 sq.

=New England= blending of Iroquois and Algonquian wares in =20=: 175. Canadian pottery resembling that of =20=: 170. paucity of ceramic collections of =20=: 147. pottery from =20=: 167 sqq., 178 sq. relations of pottery of =20=: 147. rock carving in =4=: 19. See also =New Jersey-New England=.

=New England Magazine=, article on Connecticut archeology in =20=: 178.

=New England Tribes= combination of, as Brotherton Indians =43=: 211. extinction of =43=: 168. See also =New England Tribes, Southern=.

=New England Tribes, Southern= affiliations of =43=: 214 sqq. composite character of =43=: 210 sq. culture of =43=: 222. migration of =43=: 222.

=New Fire= belief concerning =42=: 594. burial under, of old fire =42=: 589. ceremonies of the Hopi =17=: 586, 602. ceremony =42=: 545, 555, 562 sq., 570, 571 sq., 577, 581, 583, 589, 595 sq., 609. ceremony, appearance of Wüwütcimtû and Tataukyamû in =21=: 73. ceremony, Cherokee =19=: 502 sq. ceremony, description of =21=: 24. ceremony, effect of, on Hopi ceremonial calendar =21=: 19. ceremony, paper on =36=: 27. ceremony, use of fetishes in =22, i=: 108. ceremony, variation in =21=: 19. ceremony, Walpi =28=: 135. distribution of =42=: 555, 559, 563, 602, 603, 605. preparation for =42=: 561. rites, building devoted to =41=: 6. symbolic meaning of sticks of =42=: 548. See also =Busk=.

=New Galicia= conquest of =14=: 372. demoralization of Coronado’s army in =14=: 401. description of =14=: 513. explored by Museo de Guzman =14=: 351. uprising in, duration Mixton war =14=: 408.

=New Granada=, burial customs in =6=: 19, 20.

=New Guinea= mourning colors used in =10=: 630. scarification in =10=: 417. tattooing of Papuans in =10=: 411 sq.

=New Hamilton= =46=: 74.

=New Hampden=, flint quarries near =15=: 77.

=New Hampshire= aboriginal steatite quarrying in =15=: 106. Indian policy of =18=: 639.

=New Haven=, Indian policy of =18=: 607 sq., 616.

=New Hebrides= head preserving in =3=: 94. mask of =3=: 99. tattooing in =10=: 418.

=New Holland=, ceremonial chart of =4=: 197.

=New Ireland=, mask of =3=: 86.

=New Jersey= blending of Iroquoian and Algonquian wares in =20=: 175. fragment from, showing incised imitation of textile markings =20=: 79, 80. Indian policy of =18=: 587-591. occurrence of exotic types of decoration in =20=: 176. occurrence of Northwestern characters in =20=: 188. pottery from, resembling Iroquoian pottery =20=: 165. pottery of =20=: 60, 146. See also =New Jersey-New England=; =Potomac-Chesapeake Province=.

=New Jersey-New England Province= divisions of =20=: 147. pottery of =20=: 175-180. See also =New Jersey=.

=New Jersey Tea= medicinal use of =42=: 664. use of =44=: 288, 340.

=New Lexington, Ohio=, flint deposits in =44=: 512.

=New Metlakahtla= a Chimmesyan settlement =7=: 65. founding of =26=: 414.

=New Mexico= ancient cultural center =28=: 157. antiquities of =28=: 17. archeological map of =26=: XX. archeological work in =41=: 39. burial urn from =1=: 138. character of pottery of =20=: 20. collection of primitive art objects from =23=: XLI. collections from =18=: XXXI sq.; =28=: 20. collections from Pueblos of =3=: 511. excavations in =39=: 10 sq. explorations in =5=: XXIII, XXIV; =11=: XXXIX. field work in =20=: LX; =21=: IX, XI, XVIII; =22, i=: IX, XIII; =23=: IX, XVI, XVII; =27=: 7, 10, 11. Hopi clans from =19=: 582, 584. Kiowa raids in =17=: 175, 339. mapping of ancient ruins in =24=: XXI. masks of =3=: 105. military posts, etc., in =17=: 385. national monuments in =28=: 18; =29=: 20. office work on collections from =22, i=: XVII. petroglyphs in =10=: 96 sqq., 353, 682. pictographs in =4=: 28, 34, 37, 158, 229. pottery of =4=: 282, 298. pueblos of, clans from =19=: 604-613. reconquest of =13=: 331. report on collections from =19=: XIX sq. researches in =28=: 9, 11; =29=: 10-20; =30=: 11, 16. ruins of =28=: age of 150. cliff dwellings of 151. pottery of 139. shell among aborigines of =28=: 143. smallpox in =17=: 275. work in =7=: XVIII; =19=: XIII, XV sq. See also =Cliff Dwellings=; =Navaho=.

=New Netherlands=, settlement of =18=: 575 sq.

=New Orleans=, old name of =44=: 180.

=New Providence=, number of specimens from =34=: 50.

=New River= pottery of =20=: 149 sq. trails of =42=: 749, 759, 770.

=New Town.= See =New Echota=.

=New Year= celebrated by busk =42=: 546, 551. festival of the Iroquois =2=: 112, 116. Mexican festival of the =16=: 244.

=New Year Fire=, ceremony connected with =47=: 535, 536 sq., 637 sq.

=New Year Ritual.= See =Tawinide Ritual=.

=New York= abundance of pipes on recent Indian village sites in =20=: 173. antiquities of, ascribed to the Iroquois =12=: 667. archeologic work in =8=: XXI; =13=: XXIX. blending of Iroquoian and Algonquian wares in =20=: 175. Cauzeunovia, stockade near =12=: 548. Chautauqua County, ancient works in =12=: 502-512. ethnological work in =8=: XXI. explorations in =12=: 503, 545. field work in =11=: XXX; =20=: IX, XI; =21=: IX; =22, i=: IX, XIII; =23=: IX. forms of pipes occurring in =20=: 45. Genesee County, bone flint from =12=: 543. Geneseo, mound near =12=: 515. gorgets from =13=: 119. Indian policy of =18=: 575-587. Jefferson County, Perch Lake, hut-rings about =12=: 545. Livingston County, antiquities in =12=: 514, 515. Madison County, ancient works in =12=: 503 sqq. mounds in =5=: 10. Niagara County, antiquities in =12=: 512. office work on material from =20=: IX. petroglyphs in =10=: 98 sq. pottery of =20=: 21, 22, 167. pottery of, relation of, to ware of Northwest =20=: 196. pottery of, reported occurrence of, in Alabama =20=: 105. pottery of, resemblance of New Jersey-New England ware to =20=: 175. researches in =28=: 10, 14. Syracuse, stone graves near =12=: 547. Wyoming County, Dunn Farm, inclosure on =12=: 513, 514.

=New York Academy of Science=, archeological work of =34=: 51.

=New York Bay= pottery of =20=: 178. resemblance of pottery of, to that of Norfolk =20=: 176.

=New York City=, treaties of =18=: 652, 656.

=New York Colonial Documents= on popular synonym for wild rice =19=: 1023.

=New York Indians= cessions for =18=: 728, 742 sqq. land cessions and reservations by =18=: 768-772, 860, 876, 892. land cession to =14=: 25, 26. land treaty with =14=: 29. westward removal of =14=: 23. See also =Brothertown=; =Five Nations=; =Iroquois=; =Mohawk=; =Munsee=; =Oneida=; =Seneca=; =Seven Nations of Canada=; =Six Nations=; =Stockbridge=; =Tuscarora=.

=New Zealand= and Central American linguistic similarities =16=: 236. and Zapotec terms, comparison of =16=: 262. color, religious and ceremonial use of, in =10=: 627 sq. grave effigies in =4=: 200, 201; =10=: 525 sq. petroglyphs in =10=: 165 sqq. red in =4=: 56. tattooing in =4=: 73, 75, 76; =10=: 409 sq. wood carvings in =10=: 685 sq. See also =Maori=.

=Newark, Ohio= earth works in =13=: XXVII. fraudulent inscribed stones from =10=: 760. mounds in =5=: 46. rock carvings at =4=: 21.

=Newark Track Rock, Ohio= =10=: 101 sq.

=Newark Works=, Newark, Ohio =12=: 459, 468.

=Newberry, General ----=, mounds on land of =12=: 85.

=Newberry, J. S.=, on wild rice in Lake Huron =19=: 1037.

=Newberry Library= reference to =42=: 680. visited by Dr. J. R. Swanton =38=: p. 4.

=Newchowwe= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Newcombe, Dr. Cyrus F.= acknowledgments to =24=: 29. material collected by =24=: 259. on bean shooter, Kwakiutl =24=: 760 sq. on dice games, Clayoquot =24=: 196. on dice games, Haida =24=: 189. on dice games, Kwakiutl =24=: 196, 197. on hand game, Kwakiutl =24=: 321. on hoop and pole, Haida =24=: 517. on hoop and pole, Kwakiutl =24=: 520. on hoop and pole, Salish =24=: 491. on jackstraws, Haida =24=: 730. on Kasaan =26=: 409. on quoits, Haida =24=: 725. on quoits, Kwakiutl =24=: 725. on ring and pin, Clayoquot =24=: 558 sq. on ring and pin, Kwakiutl =24=: 559. on shuttlecock, Kwakiutl =24=: 718. on stick game, Haida =24=: 259. on stick game, Kwakiutl =24=: 263. on top game, Haida =24=: 747. on unclassified games, Haida =24=: 784. on unclassified games, Kwakiutl =24=: 785, 786. petroglyphs reported by =10=: 72.

=Newcombe, F. C.=, on wild rice in Michigan =19=: 1030.

=Newcomerstown Gravels=, observations on =15=: XVI.

=Ne´wekwe, Galaxy Fraternity= actions of =23=: 106. buffoonery by =23=: 107. description and costume of =23=: 106. See also =Galaxy Fraternity=.

=Newell, C. H.=, killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 872.

=Newell, R.=, grant of land to =18=: 826.

=Newettee= chiton eaten by =35=: 483. whale flensing among =35=: 465.

=Newfoundland= aborigines of =7=: 57. Spanish name for =14=: 513. wild rice in =19=: 1037.

=Newhouse, Chief Seth= annalist =21=: 137. Mohawk cosmological myth related by =24=: XVIII. translation made by =41=: 10. work done by, on League of the Iroquois =44=: 8.

=Newland, Mrs. ----=, mention of =47=: 13.

=Newman, Charles B.= assistance of =38=: p. 19. transfer of =41=: 44. work of =36=: 33; =37=: 29; =39=: 25; =40=: 19; =41=: 18, 42.

=Newman, D.= =46=: 167, 174.

=Newport, Tenn.=, collection of relics from =3=: 438-441.

=Newsam, A.=, mention of =34=: 68.

=Newspapers=, Cherokee =19=: 111 sq.

=Nexa´dî=, Tlingit clan crests of =26=: 415, 455. history of =26=: 409. names of =26=: 422. tribe =26=: 398.

=Nex’a´dî=, a Tsimshian group =31=: 478.

=Nexpa River= followed by Coronado =14=: 585. identification of =14=: 387.

=Nez Percé= a Caddo synonym =14=: 1092. a Sahaptin synonym =14=: 744. affinity of the Pälus with =14=: 735. affinity of Wa´napum with =14=: 735. and Cayuse languages, comparison of =15=: XL. and Syracuse intermarriage =14=: 744. associations of, with other tribes =45=: 319 sq. basketry of the =4=: 135, 136, 354. burial customs of =45=: 175 sq. caps worn by the =4=: 354. cause of war with the =14=: 712. Flathead name for =45=: 300. games of the =24=: hand game 304, 305. hoop and pole 493. shinny 632. habitat and population of the =14=: 805. hunting grounds of the =45=: 305 sq. Kiowa name of the =17=: 154. land cessions and reservations =18=: 806, 812 sqq., 826, 864, 882, 892, 894, 898, 910, 912, 916, 920, 948. language, work done on =44=: 6 sq. linguistic manuscript obtained =15=: XXXI, LXXXV. location of the =45=: 37. name of, in sign language =45=: 147. named by error =4=: 121. Omaha name for =27=: 102. population of the =45=: 314. removal of, to Indian territory =5=: 364. settlement of, on Cherokee Strip =19=: 151. visit of, to Wovoka =14=: 805. visit to Kiowa by =17=: 351. vocabulary, acquisition of =10=: XIV; =18=: XLIII. war of, with the whites =45=: 372 sq. wars of, with the Coeur d’Alêne =45=: 125. wars of, with the Okanagan group =45=: 258. See also =Sahaptin=.

=Nhalené=, the Carib fleet admiral =38=: § 741.

=Ni= significance of, in Maya =16=: 219. See also =Gui=.

=Niagara=, Indian council at =14=: 18.

=Niagara Falls=, origin of, Iroquois myth =2=: 54.

=Niaha`no´=, song composed by =14=: 1099.

=Niaketsikûtk=, Kichai name of the Sioux =14=: 1057.

=Níaqtawápomi= a Menomini chief =14=: 44. member of Menomini court =14=: 35. portrait of =14=: 50.

=Niărharĭs-kûrikiwăs-Hûski=, Wichita name of the Arapaho =14=: 954.

=Nia´thuă=, Arapaho name of the whites =14=: 962, 978.

=Nibbi=, bush rope =38=: § 72.

=Niblack, A. P.=, cited =12=: 726.

=Niça, ----= on Acoma =29=: 543. See also =Niza=.

=Nicaragua= character of pottery of =20=: 20. petroglyphs in =10=: 141, 686. pictographs in =4=: 40.

=Niches= formed in old window openings =8=: 110, 200, 208 sq. in kiva walls =16=: 178. use of, in kivas =8=: 121, 122.

=Nĭ´chihenĕ´na=, a Kiowa synonym =17=: 149.

=Nĭ´chinĕ´na=, a Kiowa synonym =14=: 1078.

=Nicholas the Venetian=, quotation from =14=: 571.

=Nicholas County, Ky.=, occurrence of earthenware spools in =20=: 44.

=Nichols, Doctor ----=, collection loaned by =34=: 124.

=Nichols, Mrs. Frances S.= appreciation of work of =48=: 30. work of =25=: XX, XXV; =26=: XXXI; =27=: 13; =29=: 12, 24; =30=: 17; =36=: 29; =37=: 27, 29, 31; =38=: p. 19, 21; =39=: 23 sq.; =40=: 17, 20; =41=: 21, 41, 69, 92, 113; =42=: 16; =43=: 15, 19; =44=: 15, 19; =45=: 16, 19; =46=: 16; =47=: 11, 14; =48=: 17.

=Nichols, Kerry=, cited on Maori monsters =16=: 214.

=Nichols, Lieut. Maury=, Kiowa agent in 1893 =17=: 226.

=Nichols County, W. Va.=, pictographs in =4=: 22.

=Nicholson, ----=, treaty concluded by =18=: 633.

=Nicholson, Governor ----=, conference with Cherokee by =19=: 34.

=Ni-cí-he-nen-a=; =Nitchihi=, Kiowa synonyms =17=: 149.

=Nickajack Towns= building of =19=: 54. destruction of =19=: 78. effect of destruction of =19=: 68. mention of =42=: 750.

=Nickajack Trail= =42=: 846, 848.

=Nicknames=, examples of =47=: 217.

=Nicobarese= mortuary tablet =10=: 527.

=Nicola Band= basketry of =41=: 157, 322, 323, 324, 434, 436, 445, 452 sq. territory of =45=: 448.

=Nicola Family=, information concerning =43=: 176.

=Nicolar, Chief Joseph= material collected by =24=: 84. on dice game, Penobscot =24=: 84.

=Nicolas, Chief ----= contemporaries of =45=: 270. head chief of the Okanagon =45=: 259. life of =45=: 267-270. mention of =45=: 262.

=Nicollet, Sieur Jean N.= cited =12=: 44. explorations by =14=: 12, 15. observations by =12=: 42. on discovery of Menomini and their use of wild rice =19=: 1048. Winnebago met by =15=: 196.

=Nicolls, Richard=, permits to purchase land issued by =18=: 578 sq.

=Nicotani.= See =Ani´-kuta´ni=.

=Nicotiana Attenuata= mention of =45=: 467, 494, 495. tobacco used by the Pima =26=: 119. See also =Tobacco=.

=Nicotiana Quadrivalvis= mention of =33=: 113. probable place of origin of =33=: 59.

=Nicotiana Tabacum.= See =Tobacco=.

=Niculuita=, a Tlaqluit synonym =14=: 740.

=Nida=, application of the term =27=: 194.

=Nidever, Capt. George C.= mention of =42=: 8. owner of Burton Mound =41=: 108; =44=: 57, 58.

=Niece= application of the term =42=: 82-92. relation of, to uncles =40=: 323 sqq., 331, 333, 335, 340. term for, used by women =42=: 83.

=Niel, ----=, on migration of Tanoan peoples =19=: 611.

=Niel, José Amando= on San Pablo ruin =29=: 508. on Tanoan migration to Tusayan =17=: 578, 584.

=Niererikwato-kûniki=, Wichita name of the Cheyenne =14=: 1023.

=Nigger Head=, a plant used in cases of tuberculosis =42=: 662.

=Nigger Weed=, use of, in ceremonials =30=: 98.

=Night= a man-being in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 174, 224. association of, with death =27=: 588. at Arctic Circle =46=: 100. attack in warfare =38=: § 762. beliefs concerning =11=: 467. clouds, string figure of =38=: § 686. in Omaha conception =27=: 128, 494, 505. in Pima religion =26=: 251, 253, 254. in Pima song =26=: 302. in Ponca conception =27=: 507. mythic origin of =14=: 200. representation of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 21. signs and symbols for =10=: 699 sq. signs for =1=: 358. symbolism of =22, ii=: 42; 27: 254, 513, 517. See also =Day and Night=; =Darkness=.

=Night-blessed Children=, society of =37=: 329-343.

=Night Chants= =47=: 710-756, 762-776.

=Night Doctor= =46=: 112.

=Night-hawk= as a symbol =39=: 50.

=Night People Gens= =36=: 123 sq.

=Night Singing= =39=: 68 sq.

=Night Songs=, singing of =37=: 533.

=Night Spirit Dance=, a religious society =37=: 204.

=Night Spirits= association of, with success in war =37=: 433 sq. ceremony in honor of =37=: 501. characterization of =37=: 440. episode connected with =37=: 431. feast to =37=: 519. offering to =37=: 429, 430, 449, 455, 501. rite of those crazed by =37=: 519. society of those blessed by =37=: 317.

=Nightingale, Robert C.=, collection presented by =28=: 20.

=Nigrita Schomburgkii= =38=: § 247.

=Nihoalaki= =33=: 301, 303, 622, 640, 657.

=Ni´ka Wakondagi=, kinship group, Osage =27=: 58, 60 sq.

=Ni´-ka Wa-koⁿ-da-gi Gens= mention of =39=: 205. mythological story concerning =39=: 206. office of =39=: 99, 100, 101, 206; =43=: 93. symbol of =39=: 50. wi´-gi-e of 36==: 133 sq.; =39=: 51 sq. See also =Men of Mystery=.

=Ni´-ka Xo-be=, holy men =39=: 102.

=Ni´kagahi Sha´be=, account of =27=: 202 sqq., 205, 206, 208.

=Ni´kagahi U´zhu=, account of =27=: 208, 498 sqq.

=Ni´kagahi Xu´de=, account of =27=: 202 sqq., 206, 210.

=Ni´kapashna Gens, Ponca= account of =27=: 44. funeral custom of =27=: 358. personal names of =27=: 54. references to =27=: 41, 42, 48. See also names of subgentes.

=Nikari-karu Indians, of Guiana=, mnemonic device of =10=: 226.

=Ni´-ka-wa-zhiⁿ-Toⁿ-ga= a living warrior =39=: 177. military honor of =39=: 178.

=Ni´-ḳi= degree of the Puma gens =36=: 153. ritual of Çiⁿ-dse-a-gthe gens, paraphrase of =36=: 272 sqq.

=Ni´ki Noⁿ-k’oⁿ= a tribal rite =36=: 47. rite, the “seventh degree” =39=: 37.

=Ni´kie=, explanation of the term =27=: 136, 607.

=Ni´kie Decorations=, description of =11=: 407.

=Ni´kie Names= among the Iowa and Oto =11=: 439. meaning of =3=: 227. taking of =27=: 117, 121, 144 sq. taking of, Ponca =27=: 140.

=Ni´kie Rites= distribution of =27=: 137. distribution of, Ponca =27=: 140.

=Nĭkwăsĭ´=, myths concerning =19=: 330, 336 sq., 396, 477.

=Nilak= =46=: 199.

=Niles Ferry, Tenn.=, collection of relics from =3=: 462.

=Nilsson, S.= on flint chipping =13=: 140. on harpoon flakes =13=: 171. on stone sinkers in Greenland =13=: 97. on “Victory Stones” =13=: 115.

=Niman= abbreviated katcina dance closed by the =21=: 56. description of =21=: 22, 57. duration of =21=: 20. fraternities taking part in =21=: 23. in different pueblos, difference in =21=: 57. purpose of =21=: 16.

=Niman Katcina= appearance of Tuñwup on altar of =21=: 70. description of =15=: 292. of the Hopi =17=: 593. time for celebrating =15=: 259.

=Nimkish River=, cinquefoil roots at =35=: 190.

=Nimkish Tribe= preservation of dog-salmon by =35=: 223. salmon-catching by the =35=: 231. shuttlecock game of the =24=: 719.

=Nine Day’s Ceremonies= of the Hopi =15=: 260.

=Nine Lords of the Night= in Borgian Codex =16=: 223.

=Nine Men’s Morris=, game borrowed by the Indians =24=: 32.

=Nini´batoⁿ Subdivisions= Iⁿke´ çabe gens =27=: 147-151, 252, 257, 397. Iⁿshta´çuⁿda gens =27=: 185 sq., 187-190. Koⁿ´çe gens =27=: 169, 170 sq. Moⁿ´thiⁿkagaxe gens =27=: 174 sq. origin of =27=: 201 sq. reference to =27=: 207. Tapa´ gens =27=: 178, 182 sq. Teçiⁿ´de gens =27=: 175, 176 sq. See also =Noⁿxthe´bitube=.

=Ninigret=, a Nehantic sachem =43=: 217.

=Niobrara Reserve= changes in =18=: 846, 868. establishment of =18=: 838.

=Niobrara River=, references to =27=: 41, 49, 51, 85, 89, 93.

=Niópet= a Menomini chief =14=: 44. genealogy of =14=: 48. importance of family of =14=: 43. member of Menomini court =14=: 35. portrait of =14=: 49.

=Niopo.= See =Piptadenia=

=Nipe Bay=, objects from =34=: 251, 254, 255.

=Nipigon Bay=, Ontario, pictograph on =10=: 42 sq.

=Nipissing= games of the =24=: dice games 81. hidden ball 344. racket 570. ring and pin 540. regarded as sorcerers =14=: 62, 138.

=Nipmuck=, absorbed by the Mohegan =43=: 201.

=Niqotlizi=, ceremonies at =6=: XXXIX, XL.

=Ni´rĭs-hări´s-kĭ´riki=, a Caddo synonym =14=: 1092.

=Nirmuck= land cessions and reservations =18=: 794.

=Nirr=, Wapishana name for cassava squeezer =38=: § 345.

=Nishinam= claim symbols =4=: 159. cremation among the =1=: 144. games of the =24=: dice games 154 sq. double ball 661. football 698, 703. hand game 298. hoop and pole 489. racket 608 sq. tossed ball 710. number games of =19=: 871.

=Niska= games of the =24=: hand game 281. hoop and pole 421, 471. shinny 628. stick games 240. tops 733, 736. tossed ball 709.

=Niskwali= land cessions and reservations =18=: 798, 818, 864.

=Nĭslik´ûntû.= See =Moon-head=.

=Nisqually= basketry of the =41=: 136, 137, 144, 182. games of the =24=: dice games 156. hand games 299. stick games 250. in treaty of 1854 =14=: 751. language distinct from Chimakum =7=: 62. membership in Shaker church =14=: 759. myths of the =19=: 472. population of the =7=: 105. Shaker religion among the =14=: 747. See also =Niskwali=.

=Nisqually Reserve= change in =18=: 818. establishment of =18=: 798.

=Nitchihi.= See =Ni-cí-he-nen-a=.

=Nitze, H. B. C.= on discovery of gold in Cherokee country =19=: 119. on Georgia gold lottery =19=: 117. on southern gold fields =19=: 221.

=Ni-u´-t’a-tci.= See =Missouri=.

=Niza, Fray Marcos de= career of, in Peru =14=: 354. Cibola visited by =13=: 326, 342. description of bison by =14=: 543. effect of report of, in New Spain =14=: 365. experience of, after Estevan’s death =14=: 360. exploration and observations by =17=: 51 sq. mistakes of, concerning Cibola =14=: 573. on Cibola =19=: 650. on Indian pueblos =14=: 520. on Totenteac fabrics =17=: 629. reference by, to Acoma =47=: 23. reference to =28=: 53, 54. reports of, investigated by Diaz =14=: 384. return of, to Mexico =14=: 389, 484. satisfies doubts raised by Diaz =14=: 384. selection of, as Provincial of Franciscans =14=: 364, 476. sermon by =14=: 482. travels of =14=: 474. visit of, to Cibola =14=: 353. visit of, to sea coast from San Pedro valley =14=: 359. visit of, to valley containing gold =14=: 362.

=Niza= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 237.

=No Anger Subgens= mention of =36=: 128 sqq. peace pipe a symbol of =36=: 128.

=No Flesh=, flight of, to Bad Lands =14=: 884.

=No Heart=, Minikooju gentes given by =15=: 220.

=No Horses=, a Pend d’Oreille chief =45=: 377.

=No Moccasins.= See =Dóhéñte=.

=No Water’s Camp= game wheel at =14=: 1075. Ghost dance at =14=: 823, 846, 915.

=Noah’s-ark=, place of, in Seri dietary =17=: 195*.

=No-arra=, a special kind of cassava cake =38=: § 585.

=Noatak River Eskimo= clothing of =18=: 33, 34. mention of =46=: 205, 224, 226, 229, 230, 361. physical characteristics of =18=: 28. tattooing by the =18=: 50.

=Nochistlan=, death of Alvarado at =14=: 410.

=Nock, Arrow= =38=: § 133.

=Nokay Delklinne.= See =Nakai-Doklī´ni=.

=Nodding Onion=, use of =45=: 481.

=Nodes= decoration by =20=: Appalachee-Ohio pottery 182. Eastern United States pottery 66. Florida Peninsula pottery 118, 126. Iroquoian pottery 107. Middle Atlantic Coast pottery 153. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery 86, 88, 89. New Jersey-New England pottery 177. Northwestern pottery 189, 193, 201. Ohio Valley pottery 185. South Appalachian pottery 137, 139.

=Nōᵈtc^i`=, the mystic word =40=: 38, 181, 503.

=Nodules, Stone= =34=: 184 sqq.

=Noe Springs Mounds= description of =37=: 100 sq. location of =37=: 99. number of =37=: 100.

=Noel Indian Cemetery, Tenn.= bowl found in =41=: 534 sq. clay figurine from =20=: 41. owl images from =41=: 541 sq. pottery from =41=: 594.

=Noemanoema= land cessions and reservations =18=: 784.

=Nogales=, reference to =28=: 56.

=Noh= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 254.

=Nohe=, Warrau wooden bench =38=: § 328.

=Nohi-abassi=, legend of =30=: 263 sq.

=Nohilpi=, gambling god of the Navaho =24=: 95, 623 sq.

=Noimenoime= land cessions and reservations =18=: 784.

=Noise=, punishment for making =30=: 184.

=Noje= mention of =7=: 135. See also =Nozi=.

=Nokfahålgi= a Creek clan =42=: 116, 119. affiliations of =42=: 121.

=Nokfila= legendary destruction of =42=: 61. name for white people =42=: 61.

=Nokfilalgi= application of the name =42=: 121. name for white people =42=: 68, 121.

=Nokomis= in Menomini myth =14=: 87, 114, 126.

=No´koni=; =Nokoni= a Comanche band =14=: 1044. surrender of, in 1874 =17=: 204.

=Nokosi, Judge ----= mention of =42=: 491. myth related by =42=: 65.

=Nokosīamła=, information obtained from =42=: 655.

=Nokotlik= =46=: 208.

=Nolan, Captain ----=, on Kiowa buffalo hunt =17=: 344.

=Nōłem Dance= =35=: 834.

=Nome= beaches =46=: 81. Eskimo =46=: 228. remains near =46=: 89. remnants of Eskimo in =46=: 89. visits of Asiatics to =46=: 97. See also =Cape Nome=.

=Nome Cult= land cessions and reservations =18=: 794. See also =Round Valley Reserve=.

=Nomenclature= mention of =1=: 211, 220. of linguistic families, paper on =7=: 1-142. of Navaho house building =17=: 491, 514-517. of Serian stock =17=: 9, 123*-130*. of Seriland =17=: 15-20. of Sikyatki =17=: 636. of Siouan tribes =15=: 166. of stone objects =13=: 57, 62. of the Awatobi =17=: 594. of the Eskimo of Northern Alaska =9=: 42 sq., 46 sqq. of Tusayan =8=: 220-223. peculiarities of Indian =8=: XXIX. social and family, Guiana Indian =38=: § 887-880. See also =Mound Nomenclature=.

=Nominal Forms=, Arapaho =28=: 235.

=Non-ideographic Elements= of decoration =4=: 453.

=Non-Pueblo Indian=, Tewa name for =29=: 575.

=Non-Tewa Indian=, Tewa name for =29=: 575.

=Nonabokuanna=, old time Arawak shield =38=: § 116.

=Nonconnah Creek=, description of =42=: 817 sq.

=Nondacao.= See =Anadarko=.

=None.= See =Nothing=.

=Noⁿ´-hoⁿ-zhiⁿ-ga= approach of, to place of ceremony =39=: 100. belief of =39=: 42. ceremonies performed by =39=: 175, 316, 322. designated Holy Men =39=: 102. duties of women emphasized by =39=: 283. food for entertaining =39=: 44, 46, 61. invitation to =39=: 52. organization of the =36=: 48. painting and dressing of =39=: 243. reverence due to =39=: 97. rites formulated by =39=: 83, 91. smoking ceremony performed by =39=: 53, 58, 61. wi´-gi-e taught by =39=: 46. See also =Little Old Men=.

=Nonłem Ceremonial Dance= =35=: 1034-1037.

=Nonsuch, Mercy=, mention of =43=: 209.

=Noⁿxthe´bitube=, subdivision of the Nini´ bato subgens =27=: 148, 149, 151 sq., 254.

=Noⁿ´zhiⁿ-zhoⁿ Rite= account of =27=: 128-133. description of =39=: 41 sq. importance of =39=: 38.

=Nook= =46=: 90, 196.

=Nookchoo= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782, 822.

=Nookwachahmish.= See =Dwamish=.

=Noorvik= =46=: 204.

=Nooses=, Eskimo use of, in capturing animals =18=: 119, 122, 124, 131.

=Nootka= games of the =24=: dice game 198. hand game 322. hidden ball 370. hoop and pole 523. tops 749. legend of the =10=: 44. method of felling trees =13=: 72. method of drilling wood =13=: 165. or Aht Indians, in Vancouver Island, British Columbia =10=: 44. tattooing of the =10=: 407.

=Nootka-Columbian Family= of Scouler =7=: 129, 130.

=Nootsak Indians=, coiled basketry made by =41=: 133.

=Noowhaha.= See =Dwamish=.

=Noquet=, habitat of the =14=: 36.

=Norcok=, acknowledgment to =14=: 655.

=Nordenskiöld, Adolph Eric= cited =46=: 332, 333, 353, 371. on character of Eskimo children =9=: 418. on clothing of Eskimo =9=: 110, 122. on Eskimo amulets =9=: 441. on Eskimo bolas =9=: 246. on Eskimo burials =9=: 426. on Eskimo dog harness =9=: 359, 360. on Eskimo drawings =9=: 410. on Eskimo drums =9=: 385. on Eskimo fishing =9=: 283, 285, 286. on Eskimo government =9=: 430. on Eskimo harpoons =9=: 220. on Eskimo ice-picks =9=: 304. on Eskimo ice-scoop =9=: 309. on Eskimo kaiaks =9=: 333. on Eskimo labrets =9=: 148. on Eskimo masks =9=: 370. on Eskimo seal catching =9=: 270. on Eskimo seal rattle =9=: 254. on Eskimo skin-scrapers =9=: 298. on Eskimo sledge-shoes =9=: 353. on Eskimo superstitions =9=: 434. on fire-making by Eskimo =9=: 289. on indoor habits of Eskimo =9=: 420, 421. work of, consulted =9=: 24.

=Nordenskiöld, Erland=, cited =30=: 328.

=Nordenskiöld, Baron G.= archeological work of =41=: 29. bone implements found by, in cliff houses at Mesa Verde, reference to =22, i=: 95. cited =33=: 164, 166, 167, 170, 172, 174, 176. cliff ruins classified by =16=: 92. cliff ruins described by =16=: 81. features of Mesa Verde ruins described and figured by =22, i=: 105, 124. on affinity of cliff dwellings and pueblos =17=: 532. on an oval kiva =16=: 177. on chimney-like structures =16=: 188, 189. on evolution of pottery design =17=: 716, 727. on kiva decorations =16=: 181. on Mesa Verde masonry =16=: 163. on Mesa Verde villages =17=: 555, 563, 578. on origin of round kivas =17=: 575. on openings in Mancos ruins =16=: 165. on platforms in Mesa Verde kivas =17=: 541. prayer-stick found by =17=: 736. work of, cited =15=: LIII.

=Norfolk Ware=, resemblance of, to that of New York Bay =20=: 176.

=Noriega, Andrés= aid rendered by =17=: XLII, 14. on Seri archery posture =17=: 201*. on Seri charm trophies =17=: 260*. on Seri fishing devices =17=: 193* sq. on Seri neglect of dead =17=: 287*.

=Norman, ----=, acknowledgment to =25=: 274.

=Norman, Arthur L.=, collection presented by =37=: 30.

=Normocs=, tattooing of the =10=: 407.

=Norridgewock Indians= expedition sent against =43=: 172. forms of the name, with meanings =43=: 170. games of the =24=: dice games 81 sq. snow-snake 406. stick games 231. tops 735. mention of =43=: 170. mission among the =43=: 172. political independence of =43=: 175. sale of land by =18=: 609.

=Norris, Hugh= aid rendered by =17=: 14. work of, as Papago interpreter =22, i=: XII.

=Norris, Col. P. W.= appointment of, as assistant =12=: 19. death of =6=: XXVI; =12=: 19. field work of =6=: XXVI. investigations of =5=: XX, XXI, 17, 18, 26, 27, 32, 35, 39, 40, 52, 55. mounds examined by =12=: 83, 253, 587. on effects of earthquake on mounds =12=: 200. on elephant mound =12=: 91. on evidence of skeleton burial =12=: 673. on evidence of use of fire by mound-builders in burial ceremonies =12=: 678. on inclosure at Charleston, West Virginia =12=: 415. on lodge burial =1=: 153. on pictographs =4=: 22, 23, 33, 34, 173. on remains of mound-builders’ houses =12=: 664. petroglyphs reported by =10=: 87, 125. pictographs obtained by =10=: 459. pottery collected by =20=: 201. visits pipestone region of Minnesota =12=: 42, 44. with reference to vessels found =12=: 232.

=Norse= rain myth =1=: 25.

=North= myth of the =19=: 322. pottery of =20=: area covered by 145, 147 sq. character of 20, 22 sq., 145, 187. geographic grouping of 147. origin of 68. symbolism of the =22, ii=: 42.

=North America= petroglyphs in =10=: 37-140. tattooing in =10=: 392-407. three-pointed stones lacking in =25=: 111.

=North American Indians=, pictographs of the =4=: 3-256.

=North Blackwater=, Pima village =26=: 23.

=North Caicos=, number of specimens from =34=: 50.

=North Canadian River=, mention of =42=: 491.

=North Cape=, visit of E. W. Nelson to =18=: 21.

=North Carolina= aboriginal quarry in =15=: 106. appointment of Cherokee agent by =19=: 61. archeologic work in =15=: 19. association of South Appalachian with exotic pottery in =20=: 137. banner stones from =13=: 122, 123. boat-shaped stones from =13=: 124, 125. Buncombe County, mounds in =12=: 348, 350. bunts from =13=: 169. Burke County, antiquities of =12=: 344. Caldwell County =12=: Lenoir burial pit 343. mounds in 333-344. Patterson grading 333. celts from =13=: 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82, 86. character of pottery of =20=: 144, 147. Cherokee relations with =19=: 32, 36. chipped flints from =13=: 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150. chisels from =13=: 83, 84. clubs from =13=: 144. coastward extension of South Appalachian pottery in =20=: 139. coiled pottery in =4=: 277. cones from =13=: 114. discoidal stones from =13=: 102, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108. distribution of stone art in =13=: 62. expedition from, in 1776. =19=: 49. explorations in =11=: XXVI, XXVII; =12=: 333-350. fabric-impressed pottery from =13=: 38, 45. field work in =22, i=: IX, XII. flakes from =13=: 174. former residence of Tuscaroras in =20=: 142. Fort Defiance, remains near =12=: 342. gorgets from =13=: 118, 119, 120. gouges from =13=: 82. grooved axes from =13=: 65, 66, 68, 69. Haywood County, mounds in =13=: 346. Henderson County, mounds in =13=: 348, 349. Indian policy of =18=: 624-630. Jackson County, collections from =3=: 434-437. land grant to “State of Franklin” by =19=: 64. linguistic work in =10=: XV sq. local legends of =19=: 404-411. modern pottery making in =20=: 53, 56, 142. mortars from, description of =13=: 97. mound explorations in =5=: XXII. mounds in =5=: 10, 61-75. notched ax-form objects from =13=: 71. occurrence of Middle Atlantic Coast pottery in =20=: 147 sq. occurrence of pottery resembling that of East Tennessee in =20=: 182. occurrence of stamped ware in =20=: 122, 135. opposition to allotment project by =19=: 114. paint stones from =13=: 115. perforated pottery from =13=: 98. perforated stones from =13=: 98. permission to remain given to East Cherokee by =19=: 168. pestles from =13=: 89, 90. petroglyphs in =10=: 99 sqq. pick from, description of =13=: 125. pipes from =13=: 129, 130, 131, 132. plummet from =13=: 112. pottery of =20=: 70, 72 sq., 144, 148 sq. present Indian occupation of =20=: 143. production of gold in =19=: 221. protests against Hopewell treaty by =5=: 155; =19=: 61. refusal of Cherokee to cede lands in =5=: 260. removal forts in =19=: 221. resemblance of Delaware pottery to that of =20=: 177. resemblance of Potomac-Chesapeake pottery to that of =20=: 152. spuds from =13=: 110. steatite potsherd plummets from =13=: 111. stemless perforators from =13=: 165, 166. stemmed flints from =13=: 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163. stemmed perforators from =13=: 167, 168. stemmed scrapers from =13=: 169. stone axes in =13=: 64. stones from, probably used as sinkers =13=: 98. treaty with Cherokee, Creeks and Chickasaw by =19=: 63. tubes from =13=: 128. use of steatite as tempering in vessels from =20=: 47 sq. war idol from =13=: 116. Waynesville, mounds near =12=: 347. Wilkes County, antiquities of =12=: 344, 345. work in =8=: XXI sq.

=North Carolina Indians= chungke game played by =13=: 99. partial cremation of =1=: 150, 151. war color of =10=: 632.

=North Dakota= former habitat of the Omaha =27=: 72. mention of =11=: XXV. military posts, etc., in =17=: 386. mound and hut-rings in =12=: 37, 41. peculiar burial mounds in =12=: 538. pottery from =20=: 198.

=North Devon Island=, crania of =46=: 292.

=North Fork=, Upper towns on =42=: 333.

=North Greenlanders=, mention of =6=: 460.

=North Mounds=, location of =37=: 99.

=North Star= Indian name for =42=: 478. treatment of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 29.

=North Wind= characterization of =37=: 441. Iroquois myth of =2=: 59. offering to =37=: 429, 463, 503. powers of the Iroquois god =2=: 52.

=Northeast=, character of tobacco pipe of the =20=: 98.

=Northeastern America=, geography of =6=: 414-418.

=Northern Arapaho=, linguistic investigation among the =28=: 225.

=Northern Blackfoot= Indians, compared with Piegan and Bloods =28=: 229. language =28=: consonantic clusters in 230 sq. texts in 225.

=Northern Cheyenne=, linguistic investigation among the =28=: 235.

=Northern Pacific Railroad=, cession of right of way for =18=: 904, 908.

=Northern Saulteaux=, culture hero of the =40=: 375.

=Northoscordum Bivalve=, medicinal use of =42=: 668.

=Northwest= area covered by pottery of =20=: 21, 187. modern pottery making by Indians of =20=: 158. occurrence of decoration characteristic of, in New Jersey-New England area =20=: 176. pottery of =20=: 186-201. relation of pottery of, to eastern pottery =20=: 146 sq., 179. relation of Hopewell mounds pottery to that of =20=: 195. resemblance of Canadian pottery to that of =20=: 171. resemblance of New York pottery to that of =20=: 167. resemblance of Piedmont-Virginia pottery to that of =20=: 149 sq. use of roulette in =20=: 79, 189 sq.

=Northwest Coast= cultural affinities of, with Bering Sea and Asia =46=: 175. masks from =3=: 106-120. mummies from =1=: 135.

=Northwest Coast Tribes= games of the =24=: bean shooter 760. shuttlecock 717. stick games 227. tops 733. illustration of ornamentation by =6=: 213, 218, 227, 230. mourning customs of =1=: 179. research among the =25=: XVI sq. symbolic decoration of the =25=: XII.

=Northwest Fur Company=, dependence of, on wild rice =19=: 1103.

=Northwestern Innuit=, population of =7=: 75.

=Norton, J. V.=, contribution of Peruvian labret by =3=: 84.

=Norton Bay= Eskimo legend from =18=: 514 sq. implements and utensils from =18=: 65, 110, 148, 149, 164, 168, 170, 180. mention of =46=: 195, 196. toys from =18=: 347. transportation apparatus from =18=: 212. visit of E. W. Nelson to =18=: 20.

=Norton Sound= burials of =46=: 90. ceremonial objects from =18=: 413. clothing from =18=: 36, 39. condition observed by Nelson on =18=: 298. crania from =46=: 150, 233, 256. Eskimo of =46=: 213, 215, 217, 218, 255. implements and utensils from =18=: 66, 74, 76, 82-86, 89 sq., 92, 100, 101, 103, 104, 110, 113, 115, 124 sq., 127, 128, 130, 133, 136, 137, 139, 144, 146, 147, 151, 155, 160, 162, 167, 168, 170, 171, 176, 178, 181, 192, 193, 195. legends from =18=: 462-474, 480. manufactures from =18=: 199, 203, 205. maps of =46=: 176. mask from =3=: 132-135. old sites of =46=: 195, 198. ornaments from =18=: 62. stone homes of =46=: 172. surgical instrument from =18=: 310. tobacco implements from =18=: 273, 283, 284. transportation apparatus from =18=: 217, 219, 222, 223.

=Norvell, Mrs. Lipscomb=, acknowledgment to =42=: 830.

=Norwich=, old name for =43=: 231, 254.

=Nose= breadth of =46=: 364. deformations, ornaments =38=: § 505. Eskimo =46=: 358, 359, 364. in skull =46=: 264, 267, 270. of death’s-head vases =20=: 97, 98. ornaments =35=: 778; =42=: 685. piercing, by the Caddo =14=: 1092. piercing, by the Tsimshian =31=: 53. piercing, in the northwest =46=: 83. Serian and Yuman names for =17=: 324*-327*. stinging, ordeal of =30=: 278, 280. vs. development of face =46=: 267. Western Eskimo, notes on =46=: 213-228, 242, 243, 249, 252. Yukon Eskimo =46=: 161, 162, 163. Yukon Indians =46=: 152, 154, 155, 157, 161.

=Nose-blown Flutes= =38=: § 560.

=Nose Pins=, use of =45=: 82, 236, 340.

=Nose String.= See =Bina=.

=Nosebleed= as an indication of crime =40=: 243. cure for =30=: 43; =42=: 668.

=No-séno=, evil due to =30=: 349.

=Nostrils= of manati plugged =38=: § 169. See also =Nose=.

=Notation and Augmentation= =19=: 839-843.

=Notawasepe= cession of reserve at =18=: 750. reservation at =18=: 704, 740.

=Notaway= joined by the Tutelo =7=: 114. tribe, mention of =7=: 79.

=Notawkah’s Band= cession of reserve by =18=: 760. reservation for =18=: 740.

=Notched Logs= used as ladders =8=: 157 sq.

=Notched Sticks= mention of =10=: 227 sq. use of, as mnemonic aids =4=: 81. Zuñi method of performing with =23=: 465.

=Notched Tail.= See =Tón-akᵋá=.

=Notches= decoration by =20=: Apalachee-Ohio pottery 181. Florida Peninsula pottery 118. Iroquoian pottery 163.

=Note, Misinterpreted=, story about =43=: 393 sqq.

=Notes= on certain Maya and Mexican manuscripts =3=: 1-65. original =46=: 31.

=Nothing=; =None=, signs for =1=: 322, 355, 356, 443.

=Notice of Initiation Ceremony= =39=: 52 sq.

=Notices= by pictography =4=: 147-155. pictographic forms of =10=: 329-357.

=Notonoto= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782, 822.

=Nottaway=, land cession to the =14=: 25, 26.

=Nottawesipa.= See =Notawasepe=.

=Nottely= myth concerning =19=: 332. pseudo-myth concerning =19=: 416.

=Nottoway=, habitat and migrations of the =19=: 17.

=Nought= in Mayan face numerals, symbol for, discussion of =22, i=: 210 sq., 211 sq., 214.

=Noukek Indians=, identification of =14=: 15.

=Nouns= in Algonquian languages =28=: inanimate plural, Cheyenne, Piegan 274. nominative singular endings 272. in Indian languages =1=: 11.

=Nourague Indians=, belief as to God among =30=: 117.

=Nouri, J. J.=, aid rendered by =15=: LXI, LXXXIV.

=Nourse, ----=, cited =6=: 452.

=Nova Scotia= abundance of pottery in =20=: 179. extension of Iroquois influence to =20=: 158. field work in =21=: IX. petroglyphs in =10=: 37-42. work on pictographs in =10=: XII.

=Novaculite= formation of =44=: 507. quarries in Arkansas =14=: XXXV.

=Novel=, development of =19=: LXXXVI.

=November=, Hopi ceremonies celebrated in =21=: 21.

=Novice= brought back by wolves =35=: 744, 745. capture of =35=: 738, 747, 953, 957, 966, 996, 1137. course of initiation of a =23=: 426, 427. disappearance of =35=: 899. house of =35=: 1149. plume worn by =23=: 426. stays away for four months =35=: 850. tamed =35=: 874.

=Novices= administering of medicine water to =23=: 457. appearance of, in plaza =23=: 470. brought back =35=: 928. ceremony with gifts for =23=: 471 sq. ceremony with swords over =23=: 472. masks presented to =23=: 103, 104. striking of Sa´yaᵗhlia by =23=: 204. threatened by the Ko´mosona =23=: 104.

=Novice’s Moon.= See =Kelemüryawû=.

=Novitna=; =Vovi River= =46=: 127, 154.

=Now=, signs for =1=: 366.

=Nowland, J. H. B.=, on hidden ball =24=: 344.

=Noyes, W. M.=, ethnologic specimens collected by =18=: 182.

=Nozi Tribe=, mention of =7=: 135.

=Nozzles= for Eskimo hunting floats =18=: 140 sqq. for Eskimo water bags =18=: 74.

=N’pochle=, a Sanpoil synonym =14=: 733.

=N’Quentlamamísh.= See =Dwamish=.

=Ntlakyapamuk.= See =Thompson Indians=.

=Nubviukhchugaluk= description of =18=: 252. implements from =18=: 106, 109, 110, 113, 140, 149, 159, 171, 173, 191. people of =18=: 26. tobacco implements from =18=: 275, 283.

=Nücaki=, Spanish mission house at old Walpi =19=: 580.

=Nucekaā´yî, Tlingit clan= history of =26=: 412 sqq. phratry and tribe of =26=: 400.

=Nudaⁿaxa=, acknowledgment to =11=: 362.

=Nudity= attitude toward =46=: 560. explanation of =30=: 303. shame of =30=: 381.

=Nu´doⁿhoⁿga=, head of lodge, Shell society =27=: 516.

=Nuga´xti=, significance of the name =27=: 144.

=Nuge´teune.= See =Buffalo Hunt, Annual=.

=Nugumiut Eskimo Tribe=, situation of =6=: 424.

=Nuhinĕ´na=, an Arapaho warrior order =14=: 987.

=Nuklit= =46=: 199.

=Nuklukaiet= =46=: 53, 81, 136, 139.

=Nulato= graveyard of =46=: 54. Indians of =46=: 130. massacre at =46=: 128. old site of =46=: 133. population of =46=: 131, 132. reached by Russians =46=: 127. Russian post burned =46=: 127. skull =46=: 151. Western Union Telegraph Co. post =46=: 128.

=Nulukhtulogumut= implements and utensils from =18=: 71, 105, 107, 143, 151, 165, 192. ornaments from =18=: 55, 56. painting of mythical animal from =18=: 449. tobacco implements from =18=: 274. toys from =18=: 346.

=Nüma= a synonym of Comanche =14=: 1043. a synonym of Paiute =14=: 1048.

=Numayms= ancestor of =35=: 784. assembly of =35=: 891, 898, 981, 1003, 1037, 1046, 1083, 1360. dish for =35=: 59. establishment of new =35=: 1095, 1103. fish traps as property of =35=: 1347. house dishes of =35=: 805, 820. hunting grounds as property of =35=: 1345 sqq. list of =35=: 825-835. mention of =35=: 221, 390, 397, 399, 400, 426, 427, 459, 472, 483, 490, 492, 493, 513, 528, 556, 565, 566, 575, 582, 592, 600, 611, 680, 683, 699, 718, 742, 753, 755, 756, 757, 759, 760, 766, 768, 769, 770, 771, 772, 778, 781, 784, 788, 789. names of canoes of =35=: 795-801. names of chiefs of =35=: 795-801. names of dogs of =35=: 795-801. names of house of =35=: 795-801. painting of homes of =35=: 805-820. place of origin of =35=: 795-801. quarrel between =35=: 1121. rank of =35=: 1046. relations between =35=: 1107. rivers as property of =35=: 1347.

=Number= discussion of =19=: LV sqq. of relics studied, importance of, in ethnic determinations =20=: 19. sacred, in Ghost dance =14=: 782, 919, 1000. sacred, in Shaker religion =14=: 751. tables of Mayan chronological system =22, i=: 304 sq.

=Number, Ceremonial= eight days, interval of =35=: 670. sixteen days, interval of =35=: 738. ten years, period of =35=: 741. See also =Four=; =Eight=; =Sixteen=; =Ten=.

=Number-Concept=, germs of =19=: 843-847.

=Numbers= ceremonial =47=: 132, 284. development of language of =20=: CLXIX. in Mexican codices =19=: 934-948. integral, primitive symbols of, extra-natural potencies =19=: 842 sq. multiples used in rituals =27=: 242. mystic =11=: 513. mystic, of the Eskimo =18=: 427. mythic and ceremonial use of =19=: 948-955. of the Guiana Indians =38=: § 939, 940. place of, in growth of knowledge =19=: 825-828. primary =19=: 859-882. primitive =19=: 821-851. primitive, law of augmentation in =19=: 839-842. primitive, memoir on =19=: XLIII sq. sacred =15=: CXVII; =19=: 431. sacred, of Tusayan =15=: 261. seven =27=: 207, 242, 277, 512, 513, 515, 516, 518. symbolism, four =27=: 121, 129, 131, 171, 218, 231, 242, 253, 255, 258, 259, 277, 278, 287, 309 sq., 380, 381, 400, 420, 489, 497, 499, 509, 510, 511, 513, 514, 515, 516, 518, 520, 521, 522, 523, 526, 562, 563, 565. systems and counting, primitive =19=: 833-843. three =27=: 221, 242. See also =Number=; etc.; =Numeral System=; =Numerals=; =Numeration=.

=Numeral Systems= in the codices =19=: 812-819. of Mexico and Central America =19=: XLIV sq., 853-955.

=Numerals= importance of, in linguistic classification =17=: 300* sq. Serian and Yuman, comparative tests and analyses of =17=: 303*-321*. Unalit, tables of =18=: 238-241. uses of, among the Eskimo =11=: 256.

=Numeration= Eskimo =18=: 235-241. mention of =10=: 258 sq.; =19=: 833-839. Unalit terms used in =18=: 235, 241.

=Númi.= See =Nambé=.

=Nümi´naă´=, a Paiute god =14=: 1051.

=Nünah´awŭ=, an Arapaho warrior order =14=: 989.

=Nunamekrok= =46=: 199.

=Nunamiut= =46=: 186.

=Nunatagmiut= =46=: 229.

=Nunatañmium=, intercourse of, with the Point Barrow Eskimo =9=: 44 sq., 48.

=Nunava= =46=: 208.

=Nuñez, Pedro=, on effect of Marcos’ report =14=: 366.

=Nuñez de la Vega, Bishop ----= on Central American deity =16=: 221. on the chinax symbol =16=: 258.

=Nunivagmiut=, range of =18=: 26.

=Nunivak Island= burials in =46=: 183. carvings of mythic animals from =18=: 448. Eskimo of =46=: 238, 251, 252, 254. implements and utensils from =18=: 73, 75, 83 sqq., 87, 88, 102, 105, 108, 110, 111, 115, 134, 137, 141, 143, 146 sqq., 151, 152, 155, 156, 158, 160 sqq., 178, 182, 190-195. language of people of =18=: 25. manufactures from =18=: 199, 201. mention of =46=: 117, 121, 164, 170. ornaments from =18=: 46, 47, 54, 58, 60, 61. people of =18=: 26. skeletal parts from =46=: 314-317. skulls of children from =46=: 295, 297. tattooing by people of =18=: 50. tobacco implements from =18=: 274, 277, 278. totemic carvings from =18=: 323 sq. traditional descent of people of =18=: 446. transportation apparatus from =18=: 211, 219, 220, 224, 227.

=Nunivak Island Crania= basiofacial diameters =46=: 279-282. dental arch =46=: 276. facial =46=: 266. facial angles =46=: 285. means =46=: 286. mention of =46=: 256, 257, 259, 262, 263. nose =46=: 268, 270. orbits =46=: 271-274.

=Nunn, Roscoe=, acknowledgment to =42=: 745.

=Nûñnĕ´hĭ= myths concerning =19=: 330-333, 335 sqq., 348, 417 sq., 455, 475 sqq. Wafford’s belief in =19=: 238.

=Nunochok= =46=: 194.

=Nuntaneuck=, a Monakan division =15=: 164.

=Nûn´yunu´wĭ=, myths concerning =19=: 316 sq., 467 sqq.

=Nursery Tales=, Pima =26=: 242-247.

=Nursing=, Omaha =3=: 264.

=Nurture=, as an agency of instruction =20=: CXCV.

=Nusbaum, Jesse L.= acknowledgment to =29=: 38. photographs and plaster casts made by =33=: 11.

=Nushagak= =46=: 190.

=Nushagak Bay= =46=: 191. crania =46=: 286.

=Nushagak River Eskimo= =46=: 227.

=Nüshaki=, etymology of =17=: 578, 586.

=Nushugak=, etchings from =18=: 120.

=Nut-shaped Baskets= =41=: 164, 202-205.

=Nuthatch=, in Cherokee lore =19=: 281.

=Nutmeg, Wild= basketry pattern =38=: § 444. cure for “yaws” =38=: § 927.

=Nutria= a Zuñi summer village =13=: 206, 261; =16=: 92, 156. comparison of, with Kintiel =8=: 91. description of =8=: 94 sq. pottery =4=: 344.

=Nutrition= importance of, in primitive sociology =19=: 1089. of wild rice =19=: 1080-1083.

=Nuts= food among the Omaha =3=: 307. piñon, preparation and storage of =30=: 70. stones for cracking =13=: 91, 92.

=Nuttall, -----=, on popular synonym for wild rice =19=: 1022.

=Nuttall, Thomas= on Arkansas Cherokee =19=: 136, 137. on cattle among the Cherokee =19=: 213. on Nancy Ward =19=: 204.

=Nuttall, Mrs. Zelia= on Mexican calendar system =19=: 935. on turquoise =29=: 580. on use of stone yokes =25=: 260.

=Nuttallia Nuda= =33=: 103.

=Nüvak= association of, with Yohozro wüqti =21=: 84. derivation of =21=: 126. regarded as a Hano katcina =21=: 83.

=Nuvayauma=, old Mashongnavi tradition related by =8=: 47 sq.

=Nuvwatikyuobi Kiva= =8=: 120.

=Nuwuk (Nuwūk), Point Barrow village, Alaska= description of =9=: 79. Eskimo of =46=: 228. location of =9=: 26. population of =9=: 43.

=Nu´xe Gens= Osage =27=: 46 sq. Ponca =27=: 38, 41, 42, 46 sq., 48, 57, 61, 355. reference to =27=: 355. subgens of Kansa, Osage, Quapaw =27=: 38.

=Nuyaka= allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. an Upper Creek White town =42=: 124, 254. arrangement of square ground at =42=: 210, 218. clan councils of =42=: 124. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 158 sq. customs of =42=: 517, 608. plan of ceremonial ground of =42=: 219. position of beds at =42=: 198.

=Nyavolt=, Pima evil spirit =26=: 265.

=Nyctaginaceae= =33=: 78.

=Nye County, Nevada=, inscribed rock in =10=: 94.

=Nykhta= mention of =46=: 176. See also =Wales=.

=Nymphaea=, medicinal use of =42=: 669.

=Nymphaea Advena= =33=: 79; =45=: 460.

=Nymphaea Americana= medical constituents of =44=: 304. medicinal properties of =44=: 301.

=Nymphaeaceae= =33=: 79.

=Nyssa=, medicinal use of =42=: 659.

=Nyu´taa=, song composed by =14=: 1097.

O

=Oak= bark, use of, in firing, by Catawba potters =20=: 54. bur, use of =44=: 292, 369. Eskimo transportation apparatus of =18=: 218. in Cherokee lore =19=: 422. post, medicinal use of =42=: 659. red, medicinal use of =42=: 665. red, use of =44=: 292. use of =44=: 292, 356, 378. white, medicinal use of =43=: 266. white, use of =44=: 340. See also =Quercus Macrocarpa=; =Quercus Rubra=.

=Oak Clan=, size of =47=: 35.

=Oak Creek= cavate dwellings on =28=: 219. ruins at mouth of =28=: 188-193. ruins on =17=: 533, 550.

=Oak Mound Kiva, Tusayan=, decadence of membership of =8=: 135.

=Oak-tree House= excavated and repaired =37=: 6, 7. opened to visitors =41=: 28.

=Oakinacken= a synonym of Okanagon =14=: 734. an Okanagon division =14=: 734.

=Oakland= =46=: 123.

=Oakley Springs, Arizona= petroglyphs at =10=: 329 sq. pictographs at =4=: 17, 29, 30, 46 sq., 194.

=Oankoitupah=, a culture hero of the Konkau =24=: 296 sq.

=Oarlocks=, Eskimo use of =18=: 218.

=Oars= Eskimo use of =18=: 216. for Eskimo umiaks =9=: 338 sqq.

=Oaths= use of =46=: 524. use of, in giving testimony =42=: 357.

=Oats= chemical composition of =19=: 1082. production of, by Pima =26=: 91. wild, of Great Plains =14=: 528.

=Oaxaca=, Marqués del Valle de, title of, given to Cortés =14=: 473.

=O’Bail, Solomon=, Seneca informant =32=: 52.

=Obando, Francisco de= killing of, by Indians =14=: 499, 500. See also =Ovando=.

=Ober, Frederick A.= citing Llenas on aboriginal workshop in Santo Domingo =25=: 91 sq. on aboriginal Cuban skulls =25=: 30. on idols, Santo Domingo =25=: 201. on Santo Domingo dance plaza =25=: 81. on stone collars =25=: 169. on tortoise from St. Vincent =25=: 196. photograph furnished by =17=: 115.

=Oberland Mound= =34=: 92.

=Obesity among the Pima= =26=: 66.

=Obia Men=, influence of =34=: 124.

=Obituary= of contributors to Annual Reports =48=: 1221.

=Objects= represented in pictographs =4=: 46 sq.

=Objects Collected.= See =Specimens=.

=Oblation= practice of, in savagery =16=: 21. See also =Purification=.

=Obongo= aquatic burial of =1=: 180. surface burial of =1=: 139, 140.

=Obscenity= in Tusayan ceremonies =15=: 294. of the clowns =47=: 521.

=Obscure=, pictograph for =10=: 597.

=Observations= on cup-shaped and other lapidarian sculpture =3=: XIV.

=Observers=, queries for, regarding burial =1=: 202, 203.

=Obsidian= blades, collection of, obtained through Nathan Joseph =22, i=: XXXIX. deposits of =29=: 179. flakes of Aztec and Briton compared =13=: 59. implement from mound =12=: 82. implements in Hopewell mounds, origin of =20=: 194. implements of, Casa Grande =28=: 132. objects from Sikyatki =17=: 732. Tewa names for =29=: 583 sq.

=Oc= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 238, 239.

=Occaneechi= as traders =42=: 723. feasts of =42=: 708.

=Occaneechi Path= =42=: 775-779.

=Occaneechi Town= a strategic point =42=: 764. description of =42=: 775. removal of Saponi to =42=: 778.

=Occasional Resource=, gesture as an =1=: 279.

=Occult Powers= possession of =27=: 490 sq. See also =Magic=.

=Occum, Samson=, mention of =43=: 224.

=Occupations= affected by advent of traders =27=: 614 sq. of men =27=: 203, 338 sq. of the Tsimshian =31=: 398. seasonal =45=: 95 sq., 342 sq. See also =Women=: names of occupations.

=Occurrence= eastern United States pottery =20=: 23 sq., 27, 43. eastern United States salt-making vessels =20=: 28, 29. Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 116, 120, 123, 124. Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 104 sq. Middle Atlantic Coast pottery =20=: 151. New Jersey-New England pottery =20=: 175. Northwestern pottery =20=: 187. South Appalachian pottery =20=: 131.

=Ocean= in Pima mythology =26=: 366. Tewa knowledge of =29=: 52. See also =Sea=.

Oce=anica=, petroglyphs in =10=: 165-171.

=Oceti Sakowin=, a synonym of the Sioux =14=: 1057.

=Ocetotl= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 248.

=Och, Joseph=, on Seri decoration =17=: 78, 170*.

=Och=, meaning of =16=: 241.

=Ochechotes= a synonym of Uchi´chol =14=: 738, 740. See also =Yakima=.

=Ocher= deposits of =29=: 553. Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 118. for painting twins =35=: 673, 674, 681, 685, 687, 692. Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 111. mention of =35=: 624, 630, 635, 893. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 84. red, given to newborn child =35=: 652. references to =29=: 422, 582. used for paint =15=: 21. used in color decoration, Eastern United States pottery =20=: 63, 67. See also =Mineral Paint=.

=Ochesee= a Seminole White town =42=: 126, 257. allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. arrangement of square ground at =42=: 232, 283. clan councils of =42=: 126. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 193, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 161 sq. position of beds at =42=: 199.

=Ochpanitzli=, a Nahuatl ceremony =15=: 274, 287.

=Ocilla River=, mention of =42=: 686.

=Ockewazee=, Ojibwa treaty signer =14=: 28.

=Ocmulgee=, stand made at, by Creeks =42=: 49.

=Ocmulgee Path= Creeks on =42=: 51. Muskogee settled on =42=: 45, 262.

=Oconee Path= =42=: 776.

=Oconee River= Creeks on =42=: 51. Muskogee settled on =42=: 45.

=Oconostota= capture and release of, in 1859 =19=: 42. capture of Fort Loudon by =19=: 43. on Cherokee peace town =19=: 207. reception of Iroquois peace embassy by =19=: 355. resignation of, as chief =19=: 355. signing of treaty of Johnson Hall by =19=: 42 sq.

=Ocquil=, meaning of =16=: 241.

=Octagon= as an element in designs =41=: 254. interpretation of =41=: 327.

=October= Hopi ceremonies celebrated in =21=: 23. Hopi festivals occurring in =21=: 118.

=Octopus=, used as charm to facilitate childbirth =35=: 649, 651.

=Odanah=, Ojibwa village, Wisconsin =10=: 126.

=Odd or Even= hidden ball, Paiute =24=: 334 sq. stick game, Haida =24=: 260. stick game, Teton Dakota =24=: 258. stick game, Waso =24=: 265.

=Odd-shaped Baskets= =41=: 206 sq., 208.

=Odeilah= land cessions and reservations =18=: 788.

=Oderic, Father ----=, Menomini grammar and dictionary by =14=: 295.

=Odocoileus Couesi=, eaten by the Pima =26=: 81.

=Odocoileus Hemionus=, eaten by the Pima =26=: 83.

=O-doⁿ´= count of, by Shoⁿ´-ge-moⁿ-iⁿ =39=: 179. songs of counting =39=: 172.

=Odontophorus.= See =Dorakuara=.

=Oecodoma Cephalotes= a seasoning of sauces =38=: § 248. ants eaten =38=: § 225.

=Oenocarpus sp.= See =Turu=.

=Oetteking, Bruno.= mention of =46=: 306, 308, 326, 371. report by =41=: 109.

=Offences= canceled at busk =42=: 571. general account of =27=: 213-216.

=Offensive Food= =14=: 287.

=Offerings= burial, use of vessels to hold, eastern United States =20=: 39, 40. by Indian excavators =17=: 641. custom of making, to katcinas =21=: 77. in the Pawík katcina =15=: 301. in Zuñi rituals =47=: 498-501. made to an individual =47=: 632. of food =47=: 276, 299, 327 sq. of pigment =47=: 281. of prayer sticks =47=: 275, 294, 318, 500 sq., 538, 623, 626. of sacred objects =14=: 916. of the medicine societies =47=: 529. of tobacco by the Menomini =14=: 252. to deities =37=: 311. to scalps =47=: 327 sq. to stillborn =47=: 299, 300, 318. to the eagle =14=: 1100. to the sun =47=: 294, 534. to the winds =15=: 303. use of pottery for, eastern United States =20=: 24, 25, 36 sq. See also =Meal=, ceremonial use of.

=Office= election to =47=: 137. succession to =47=: 254 sq. See also =Offices.=

=Office of Indian Affairs= action toward Omaha =27=: 642. permits granted by =27=: 11. See also =Commissioner of Indian Affairs=.

=Office Researches= =13=: XXXIV; =18=: XXX-XLIX, =19=: XI, XIX-XXIII.

=Office Work= detailed report on =20=: XII-XXV; =22, i=: XV-XXXVIII. general scope of =20=: IX; =22, i=: IX. mention of =3=: XXV; =7=: XXX-XXXIV; =8=: XXIII-XXIX; =9=: XXXV; =25=: XVIII sq.; and passim.

=Officer Mounds=, mention of =42=: 833, 834.

=Officers= at Oraibi, names of =47=: 353. duties of =47=: 252. for enforcement of orders of chief =36=: 68. functions of =47=: 41. of Katsina society =47=: 518. Pima =26=: 195 sq. secular, duties of =47=: 478, 479 sq.

=Offices= connection of, with clans =42=: 304 sq. distribution of =36=: 66. held by descent and by merit =42=: 305. removal of, Tsimshian =31=: 23. See also =Office=.

=Officials= and clan affiliations =47=: 38. nature of records made by =42=: 678.

=Offley, Colonel ----=, troop under, in Sioux outbreak =14=: 850.

=Ofo Language= extinct in 1930 =48=: 5. study of =30=: 19.

=Ofogoula=, identical with Ouspie =28=: 12.

=Ogalala (Oglala; Ogalalla)= a Teton division =14=: 1058. definition and habitat of =15=: 161. gentes of the =15=: 220. in Sioux outbreak =14=: 882, 885. knowledge of the Messiah =14=: 819. obsolete names of the =15=: 221. See also =Oglala=.

=Ogden, D. A.=, land sale to =14=: 22.

=Ogden, T. L.=, transactions of Seneca with =18=: 770, 772, 776, 818.

=Ogden Land Co.= effect of Stambaugh treaty on =14=: 30. operations of =14=: 22, 23.

=Ogden Mounds=, location of =37=: 99.

=Ogechee River= Creeks on =42=: 51. Muskogee settled on =42=: 45.

=Ogilby, Jno.= on Acoma =29=: 543. on Jemez =29=: 402.

=Oglala= (=Ogalala=; =Ogalalla=) battle with Omaha =27=: 100, 101. definition of =4=: 98. mention of =4=: 132, 133, 134, 136, 137, 140, 141, 143, 144, 145, 146. Omaha name for =27=: 102. Ponca name for =27=: 103. roster =4=: 169, 174 sqq.; =10=: 420-424. roster, description and history of =10=: 420 sq. roster, pictographs from =10=: 641, 642, 652. Winter counts =4=: 129. See also =Ogalala=.

=Oglala Dakota= individual designation of =10=: 424. See also =Dakota=, Oglala.

=Oglemute Crania= =46=: 235.

=Oglethorpe, Governor ----= Cherokee participation in expedition of =19=: 36. references to =42=: 33, 38.

=Oglethorpe, James=, Indian policy of =18=: 634-637.

=Ogue hiłi īmāła=, story told by =42=: 492.

=Ohenoñpa=, a Teton division =14=: 1059.

=Ohiju-hobi=, Warrau name for ite drink =38=: § 269.

=Ohio= archeologic work in =8=: XIX, XX; =13=: XXVII; =14=: XXXVII. bunts from =13=: 169. celts from =13=: 75, 76, 78, 79, 80, 82. character of flint quarries in =13=: XXVIII. character of pottery of =20=: 22, 188. Cherokee band in =19=: 79. chipped flints from =13=: 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 176, 177. chisels from =13=: 84. collection of Indian relics from =3=: 490. cores from Flint Ridge =13=: 171. culture of tribes of =20=: 194. discoidal stones from =13=: 108, 109. distribution of stone art in =13=: 61. district =12=: archeology of 561-573. burial mounds of 566 sq. cemeteries and pits of 572. inclosure in 562. limits and characteristics of 561. mounds wholly or partly of stone in 569. ornaments, brass, from mound 80. pyramidal mounds of 571. eastern, trail in =42=: 749. explorations in =11=: XXVI. explorations in =12=: Adams County, Serpent mound 493. Brown County, mounds and stone graves in 451-457. Brownsville, mound near 458-469. Coshocton County, flint digging in 457, 458. Flint Ridge 572. Franklin County, ancient work in 449 sqq. Hocking County, ancient works in 446, 447. Knox County, mounds in 440-446. Licking County, ancient works in 458-469. Madisonville, mound near, containing skeletons surrounded by stones 570. mention of 440-493. Mount Vernon, cemetery mound 464. Mount Vernon, mound at 444. Newark, works at 459-468. Perry County, antiquities of 470. Pike County, antiquities of 489-492. Ripley, stone grave near 455. Ross County, antiquities of 472-488. Warren County, Fort Ancient 492, 561. fabric from mound in =13=: 36. flakes from =13=: 172, 174. gorgets from =13=: 118, 119, 120. Great Indian Warpath in =42=: 751-758. grooved axes from =13=: 65, 66, 67, 69. grooved stones from =13=: 96. hammerstone from, described and figured =13=: 94. mica plate frauds =4=: 247. mortars from, description of =13=: 96. mound burial in =1=: 117. mound district =5=: 45-60. mounds =5=: 10, 12, 13, 45-60. mounds at Madisonville =4=: 406. mounds in, examination of =13=: XXIX. occurrence of earthenware spools in =20=: 44. occurrence of salt-making vessels in =20=: 28. pestles from =13=: 88, 89, 90, 91. petroglyphs in =10=: 101-104. pipe from, description of =13=: 131. plummet from, described and figured =13=: 112. polisher from =13=: 85. pottery of =20=: 41 sq., 193. pottery of, decoration in color of =20=: 167. rock carvings in =4=: 21. Serpent earthwork in Adams County in =4=: 402. slate pick from, description of =13=: 125. stemless perforators from =13=: 166. stemless scrapers from =13=: 170. stemmed flints from =13=: 151, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164. stemmed perforators from =13=: 167, 168. stemmed scrapers from =13=: 169. stone axes from Butler County =13=: 64. tube from, description of =13=: 128. turtlebacks from near Chillicothe =13=: 137. work in =9=: XXVI. See also =Appalachee-Ohio=; =Ohio Valley=.

=Ohio Falls=, trail to =42=: 804.

=Ohio River= mention of =42=: 44. references to =27=: 36, 72, 94. trails of =42=: 757, 785 sq.

=Ohio State Museum=, Middle Mississippi Valley pottery in =20=: 184.

=Ohio Valley= abundance of pottery in =20=: 23. ceramic complications in =20=: 146. character of pottery of =20=: 146. groups of pottery in =20=: 21, 183. occurrence of altars of baked clay in =20=: 37. physiography of =20=: 183. pipes of =20=: 45. pottery of =20=: 182-186. pottery of area between Appalachian mountains and =20=: 180 sqq. resemblance between pottery of, and that of East Tennessee =20=: 180, 182. spool-like earthenware objects from =20=: 43 sq. See also =Appalachee-Ohio=; =Ohio=.

=Ohke.= See =San Juan=.

=Oh-sah-ke-uck= =1=: 94.

=Ohwachira=, definition of =21=: 255.

=Oil= and water mixed =35=: 301, 1317. boiled with salmon =35=: 322. consumption of, among the Eskimo =11=: 233. drunk from ladles =35=: 761. eaten with salmon =35=: 310, 311, 314, 316, 323. feast of =35=: 755, 787. in Eskimo lamps, use of =18=: 63. mention of =46=: 109. of silver perch =35=: 666, 704. poured into fire in feast =35=: 812. rubbed on body =35=: 666, 704. sources of animal =38=: § 26, 27. sources of vegetable =38=: § 25.

=Oil Bags=, Eskimo =18=: 73 sq.

=Oil Box= for preserved crabapples =35=: 289. for preserved qōt!xote =35=: 292. for preserved viburnum berries =35=: 283, 302. making of =35=: 82-92. measurements of =35=: 83. mention of =35=: 756.

=Oil Dish= =35=: 310, 311, 312, 313, 315, 317, 318, 319, 321, 323, 324, 326, 327, 347, 351, 360, 363, 365, 379, 400, 425, 428, 513, 523, 525, 532, 543, 549, 551, 553, 571.

=Oil Spring=, reservation at =18=: 660.

=Ointment= composition of, for anointing the child =22=, =ii=: 222. sacred, used in Hako ceremony =22=, =ii=: 22, 23.

=Ŏ´ivimă´na=, a Cheyenne division =14=: 1025.

=Ojana Indians= names of the =30=: 304. ordeals of the =30=: 278, 309 sq. sickness among the =30=: 346.

=Ojibwa= a cloud symbol =16=: 223. absence of Ghost dance among the =14=: 816. amounts of wild rice harvested by =19=: 1074-1078. and Cree surface burial =1=: 141. and Dakota warfare =19=: 1038-1042. and Fox warfare =19=: 1040. and Iroquois warfare =19=: 1039. and Menomini intercourse =14=: 269. area inhabited by =7=: 149 sq. ball game of the =14=: 128 sq. belief of, respecting spirits =7=: 163. biographical record of =10=: 577 sq. birch-bark pictographs of =10=: 213. birch-bark record of treaty by =10=: 256 sq. ceremonial songs of =10=: 232-250. ceremonial use of colors by =10=: 626 sq. ceremonials of =11=: XXVII. collections from the =13=: XXXI. concentric circles used as symbols by =10=: 199 sq. conventional devices of =10=: 653. culture hero of the =40=: 375. Dakota name for =19=: 1040. date when they entered wild rice fields of Wisconsin =19=: 1040. declaration of peace by =10=: 360. devices of, for life and death =10=: 660. dialogue, of, in signs =1=: 499. drawings of =10=: 757 sq. early warfare by the =14=: 1059. eat wild rice in Mide´ society lodge, war dance circles, etc. =19=: 1085 sq. eat wild rice with berries =19=: 1083, 1084. effect of Shawano religion on the =14=: 680. explorations among the =2=: XXV. fasting among the =40=: 547. foot-racing by the =14=: 246. hieroglyphic writing of the =10=: 202. hunting records of the =10=: 532, 538. ideographic illustrations by the =10=: bad 586. cold, snow 605. fear 591. great 596. mention of 586-605. see 601. sickness 590. illustration of battlefield by the =10=: 342. influence on Menomini language =14=: 61. instruments for birch-bark pictographs used by =10=: 218. instruments for drawing on wood used by =10=: 219. investigation of the =14=: XXXIV. invitation sticks of, and ceremony of invitation and acceptance =10=: 365 sq. jugglery of the =14=: 146. Lac Courte Oreille band, tie wild rice =19=: 1059 sqq. land treaty with the =14=: 27. letter writing by the =10=: 362 sq. linguistic investigations among the =28=: 225. manidos or spirits, illustrated by =10=: 480. maple sugar among the =14=: 288. medicine society of the =13=: XXXIX; =14=: 67. medicine tube of the =13=: 127. Menomini country claimed by the =14=: 38. Midē records of the =10=: 252-255. mnemonic songs of the =14=: 106. musical notation of the =10=: 250. myth of the =19=: 430, 445, 448, 470. mythic wildcats illustrated by =10=: 481 sq. mythology of the =7=: 163. name of the Gros Ventre =14=: 955. names of the Arapaho =14=: 953. notice of condition by the =10=: 347. notice of direction used by =10=: 337 sq. notice of warning by =10=: 353. paper on Midewiwin of the =7=: 143-300. pictograph recorded by Carver =15=: 169. pictographs =4=: 17, 59, 186, 217 sq., 227, 228, 243, 245, 246. pictographs connected with signs =1=: 371, 372, 376, 380, 381. pictographs on copper by =10=: 212 sq. pipestone =4=: 248 sqq. population of the =7=: 50; 19: 1042, 1108, 1109, 1110. Potawatomi prophet among the =14=: 706. property rights in wild rice =19=: 1073. Rat Portage band, sow wild rice =19=: 1057. record of migration of =10=: 566 sq. records of battle by =10=: 556 sq., 559 sq. regard for snakes among the =19=: 457 sqq. researches among the =43=: 6 sq. Rice Lake band, sow wild rice =19=: 1057. shamanism of the =10=: 466 sq., 474, 475, 495 sq. snow-snake game derived from the =14=: 244. song device of =4=: 82 sqq. song for Metai or medicine hunting =10=: 246-250. songs of Midewiwin =10=: 232-246. standard of life of the =19=: 1079. store wild rice in cedar bark bags =19=: 1072. study of feather symbolism of the =19=: XX. study of the =15=: XXVI, LXXIII. summons to Midē ceremony of =10=: 367. symbolic colors of the =11=: 532. tattooing of women of the =10=: 395. Tenskwatawa among the =14=: 677. thresh wild rice =19=: 1067. thunder-birds represented by =10=: 487. time of year when they consume wild rice =19=: 1087, 1088. topographic signs employed by the =10=: 345. tradition of, concerning origin of Indians =10=: 255 sq. traditional manner of first obtaining wild rice =19=: 1093 sqq. treatment of disease by jugglery =14=: 149. tribal and national emblems of =10=: 747. tribal designation of =10=: 385. tribal history, migration, and settlements of =19=: 1039-1042. tribal sign for =1=: 472. use of hammerstones by the =13=: 95. wampum belt of the =10=: 230. weapons of the =10=: 753. wild rice cured by =19=: 1065, 1066. wild rice cured by, Fond du Lac band =19=: 1064. wild rice cured by, Moose-ear River band =19=: 1064 sq. wild rice gathered by =19=: 1062, 1063. wild rice moon of =19=: 1089. wild rice winnowed by 19: 1070, 1071. witchcraft among the 14: 143. See also Chippewa; Ojibway.

=Ojibwa Language= certain forms in =28=: 239. conjunctive mode in =28=: 272. consonantic clusters in =28=: 283. description of =28=: 261 sqq., 265-269. examples in comparison with =28=: Abnaki 238, 239, 283, 284. Algonkin 243, 244, 245, 250, 251, 252, 259, 261, 262, 271, 272, 273. Arapaho 235. Central Algonquian 245. Cheyenne 233, 286. Cree 238, 239, 243, 244, 245, 247, 250, 251, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 262, 272, 274, 275, 278, 279, 283, 284, 286. Cree-Montagnais 259, 273, 277, 280, 287. Delaware 238, 239, 243, 244, 256, 257, 261, 270, 273, 274, 275, 278, 279, 280, 284, 286, 288. Eastern Algonquian 257, 270, 287, 288. Fort Totten Cree 258, 278. Fox 235, 238, 239, 244, 245, 251, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 270, 271, 272, 273. Kickapoo 259. Malecite 239, 279. Menomini 238, 239, 243, 244, 245, 250, 251, 252, 257, 259. Micmac 238, 256, 273, 284, 288. Minsi 239, 274. Montagnais 259, 260, 261, 272, 279, 286. Natick 238, 239, 243, 244, 250, 251, 273, 274 sq., 280, 283, 286, 288. Ottawa 245, 250, 251, 252, 259, 261, 262, 271. Passamaquoddy 239, 243, 257, 258, 277, 278, 283, 284. Penobscot 238 sq., 279, 283, 284. Peoria 238, 239, 244, 245, 247, 250, 251, 252, 256, 257, 259, 261, 262, 270, 271, 272, 274, 275, 278 sq., 283, 284. Potawatomi 259, 261, 262, 271. Sauk 259. Shawnee 238, 239, 243, 244, 245, 251, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, 262, 270, 271, 274, 277, 278, 279, 280, 283, 284, 286, 287. Stockbridge 238, 284. Turtle Mountain (Ojibwa dialect) 239. grammar of, work on =40=: 10. independent mode in =28=: 258, 271, 286. indicative mode in =28=: 273. noun endings of =28=: 272. participial mode in =28=: 245, 271. pronunciation of =28=: 227. relationships of =28=: 231, 232, 233, 234, 238, 244, 289, 290a. subjunctive mode in =28=: 245, 246, 260. subjunctive-participial mode in =28=: 245. texts in, edited by Dr. T. Michelson =39=: 20. See also =Mississippi Band=.

=Ojibwa, Plains=, cannibal cult of the =43=: 193.

=Ojibway= Flathead name for the =45=: 302. war feasts, nature of =37=: 434. See also =Chippewa=; =Ojibwa=.

=Ojo Caliente= a modern village =8=: 54, 96 sq. A Zuñi summer village =13=: 206, 261; =14=: 358; =16=: 92, 156. chinked walls of =8=: 142. described in Rudo Ensayo =26=: 93. masonry of =16=: 159. pottery from =4=: 494. Pueblo village of, typical of method of building up =19=: 644. visited by Alvarado =14=: 594.

=Ojo de Benado, N. Mex.=, petroglyphs at =10=: 97 sq.

=Ojo de Buro=, Pima chief =26=: 21.

=Ojo Pescado, N. Mex.= petroglyphs near =10=: 97. pictographs at =4=: 28.

=Okȧdjibȧndjȧ Dance= description of =42=: 533. mention of =42=: 524.

=Okahmause’s Band= cession of reserve by =18=: 758. reservation for =18=: 740.

=Okanagon= (=Okanagan=) bands of the =45=: 204 sq. basketry of the =41=: 133, 140, 154, 155, 157. derivation of the name =45=: 198. division of the =45=: 203 sq. Flathead name for the =45=: 300. games of the =24=: 300 sq., 806. imbrication adopted by the =41=: 140. Indian names for the =45=: 198, 200. intercourse of, with other tribes =45=: 215. land cessions and reservations =18=: 856, 858. names given by, to other tribes =45=: 202. present day population of the =45=: 315. probable ancestry of the =45=: 215. sketch of the =14=: 734. territory occupied by the =45=: 213.

=Okanagon Chiefs=, genealogy of the =45=: 263.

=Okanagon Group= dress of the =45=: 23. intercourse between tribes of =45=: 215 sq. migrations of =45=: 213 sq. tribes composing the =45=: 198.

=Okarina=, gourd flageolet =38=: § 565.

=Okatilla= Pima medicine =26=: 265. Seri use of, in jacal building =17=: 221*. used by Pima in building =26=: 156.

=Okawwause.= See =Okahmause=.

=Okcabil.= See =Yokcabil=.

=Okchai= a White town of the Upper Creeks =42=: 124, 254. allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. arrangement of square ground of =42=: 215, 234. busk name for =42=: 614. clan councils of =42=: 124. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 158 sq. chunkey poles at =42=: 190. disposal of sacred utensils at =42=: 186. location of village of =42=: 46. plan of ceremonial ground of =42=: 215, 235. position of beds at =42=: 198. protection given to, by Creeks =42=: 46.

=Oke=, application of the name =42=: 709.

=Okemawăbon=, genealogy of =14=: 60.

=Okenuck=, purchase of land from =18=: 617.

=Okfuskee= allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. an Upper Creek White town =42=: 124, 254. arrangement of square ground at =42=: 210, 212, 220. busk name of =42=: 614. clan councils of =42=: 124. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 158 sq. position of beds at =42=: 198. synonym for =42=: 73.

=Okfuskee Seminole= a White town =42=: 126, 257. allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. arrangement of square ground of =42=: 232, 284. clan councils of =42=: 126. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 193, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 161 sq. plan of ceremonial ground at =42=: 232, 285. position of beds at =42=: 199.

=Okinagan=, population of =7=: 105.

=Okinakane=, an Okanagon synonym =14=: 734.

=O’Kinakane, Fort= =4=: 26.

=Okilisȧlgi=, meaning of the word =42=: 122.

=Okipa=, description of the =11=: 502.

=Okitiyagana=, a White town =42=: 254.

=Okiwahkine=, an Okanagon synonym =14=: 734.

=Oklahoma= allotment of lands in =19=: 153. field work in =20=: IX, XI; =21=: IX, XII; =22, i=: XIV; =23=: IX, XVII; =27=: 7. home of portion of Ponca =27=: 41. material collected in =42=: 31. military posts, etc., in =17=: 383. office work on material from =20=: IX. present home of the Kansa =27=: 66. present home of the Osage =27=: 57, 67. researches in =28=: 9, 12 sq.; =30=: 11, 18, 21.

=Okmulgee= a Lower Creek White town =42=: 125, 254. allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. arrangement of square ground of =42=: 226, 269. clan councils of =42=: 125. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 193, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 160. old, ghost story of =42=: 512. position of beds at =42=: 198. supposed origin place of Creek Confederacy =42=: 262.

=Okolona, Miss.=, naming of =42=: 827.

=Okona-kura.= See =Morning Star=.

=Okoyumo= evil due to =30=: 349. legends concerning =30=: 248 sq., 251 sq.

=Oksik= =46=: 204.

=Oktibbeha=, mention of =44=: 240.

=Okuwañ Clan=, census of =19=: 621 sq.

=Ola Walum= =4=: 84, 158, 188, 207.

=Olachen= ceremonies connected with catching =31=: 545. fishing of =35=: 198. mention of =35=: 1003. net for catching =35=: 677. oil, sold to Haida =31=: 57. special roasting of =31=: 450.

=Olacopotoo=, early name of Toccopola =42=: 820.

=Olala= =35=: 1018, 1176.

=Olamentke= dialect of Kostromitonov =7=: 92. division of Moquelumnan family, tribes of =7=: 93. games of the =24=: dice games 144. stick games 248.

=Old=, Serian and Yuman words meaning =17=: 336* sq.

=Old Age=, symbols of =36=: 71.

Old Age Wi´-gi-e 43: 45 sqq.

=Old Americans=, Whites measurements of =46=: calf 247. chest 245. ears 244. face 241. feet 246. forehead 240. hands 245. mouth 243. nose 243. strength 249.

=Old Bracket=, plates described by =42=: 504.

=Old Cayes=, near =Flagstaff, Ariz.=, description of =22, i=: 36 sq.

=Old Cherokee Path to Virginia= =42=: 771, 772.

=Old Chillicothe=, mention of =42=: 788.

=Old Dance=, performance of =42=: 602, 606, 610.

=Old Enterprise, Fla.=, occurrence of fiber-tempered wares at =20=: 122.

=Old Giant=, story about =43=: 331-339.

=Old Gray-headed Decorah’s Village=, location of =37=: 51.

=Old Hamilton= burials at =46=: 182. skull at =46=: 68, 74, 75.

"=Old Igloos=” =46=: 209.

=Old Kasaan=, restoration of =43=: 12 sq.

=Old Keowee Town=, trail to =42=: 772.

=Old Lincoln=, stories concerning =37=: 254, 255-259.

=Old Man=, sign for =1=: 338.

=Old Man Cactus.= See =Samo Wüqtaka=.

=Old-Man-of-the-Sun Dance=. See =K’adó-gyä´`tó=.

=Old Man Sun.= See =Ahül=; =Tawa wüqtaka=.

=Old Mary.= See =Sika`tcu=.

=Old Mashongnavi=, tradition concerning occupation of =8=: 47 sq.

"=Old Men=” in Omaha legend =27=: 201, 207.

=Old Men’s Dance= description of =42=: 534, 556. mention of =42=: 523, 524.

=Old Minto= =46=: 41, 125.

=Old Pecos=, collection from =2=: 418.

=Old People= provision for =42=: 79, 171, 182. treatment of =42=: 345; =46=: 422, 443 sq., 576 sq.

=Old Pojuaque=, collection from =2=: 441.

=Old River=, mounds on =44=: 411.

=Old San Antonio Road= mention of =42=: 830. story of =42=: 831 sqq.

=Old Sapona.= See =Sapona, Old=.

=Old Settler= Cherokee party =5=: 293, 375. claims of, settlement of =5=: 307. payments to =5=: 299. propose to remove to Mexico =5=: 302.

=Old Settlers.= See =Arkansas Cherokee=.

=Old Shumopovi Ruins= bowl with snout from, cut showing =22=, i: 114. excavations at, stoppage of =22, i=: 112. general features of =22, i=: 111 sqq. pottery from =22, i=: bird design on 115-118. decoration of 114-119. gaming cane design on 118. general features and form of 113. reptilian design on, description and figure of 114. specimens collected at, number of =22, i=: 18.

=Old South Leaflet=, translation of Coronado’s letter in =14=: 552.

=Old Station= =46=: 46, 81, 82, 133.

=Old Stone Fort, Tenn.= ancient Indian town at =42=: 847. trail from =42=: 847.

=Old Tassel=, complaint against American encroachments by =19=: 60.

=Old Town= mention of ruins of =41=: 496. name for Chickasaw Old Fields =44=: 176. treaty of =18=: 694.

=Old Town, Mo.=, an Osage village site =41=: 66.

=Old Waterloo Road= =42=: 851.

=Old Witch Bird=, Crotophaga, eggs of, eaten =38=: § 163.

=Old Woman Magician= in Pima mythology =26=: 360.

=Old-Woman-underneath=, Tlingit mythological being =26=: 452.

=Old Wrangell= clans of =26=: 411. Tlingit town =26=: 397.

=Oldmixon, Dr. George Scott=, surgeon of Point Barrow expedition =9=: 19.

=Oleaceae= =33=: 108.

=Olgen, Lorenza=, a scalp taker =47=: 260.

=Oliva Shells=, use of, as beads =2=: 219, 222.

=Olive Hill, Tenn.=, flint workshop near =44=: 520.

=Olive Jars, Spanish=, occurrence of, in Florida mounds =20=: 120, 129 sq.

=Olivella Shells= beads of =44=: 163. use of =44=: 147, 148. use of, as beads =2=: 220.

=Oliver, Alice M.=, aid by =10=: XVII.

=Oliver, Peter=, quoted on Massachusetts’ Indian policy =18=: 602, 608.

=Ollas= mention of =4=: 283-287, 293, 306, 314, 318, 335, 498, 500. Seri, adaptation to function of =17=: 184*. Seri, character and capacity of =17=: 182* sq. Seri, decoration of =17=: 173* sqq. Seri, method of manufacture of =17=: 183* sq. Seri, method of using =17=: 184*. steatite =44=: 84 sq. table of relative capacity of =17=: 183*.

=Ollero Apache=, Tewa name for =29=: 574.

=Ollin= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 254. meaning of =16=: 255.

=Olmos, Padre de ----=, Mexican linguistic writings of =16=: XXXIX.

=Olmstead, A. J.=, work of =44=: 17; =45=: 18.

=Olney, ----=, wild rice harvesting, reference to =19=: 1057 note.

=Olney, D.=, Pueblo ruins near ranch of =22, i=: 173.

=Olney=, steatite quarries near =15=: 128.

O=lneya Tesota,= Pima food plant =26=: 70 sq.

=Oloh= symbol, discussion of =16=: 218.

=Ololopa= games of the =24=: hand game 299. stick games 248, 258.

=Olumpali=, stick game of the =24=: 248.

=Olympia=, treaty of =18=: 808.

=Omada, Jesus=, denunciation of Seri by =17=: 116.

=Omaha= a Ȼegiha division =15=: 161. absence of Ghost dance among =14=: 816. accouchement among the =3=: 263. account of the =15=: 226. agriculture among the =3=: 302. Amaⁿhe =3=: 269. and Ponka letters =13=: XXXIX. beliefs as to future life =11=: 419. Caddo name of the =14=: 1093. calumet dance of =3=: 276. calumet pipe of =3=: 277. Ȼatada gens of =3=: 236. catamenia among the =3=: 267. ceremonial colors used by =10=: 625, 628. ceremony by women of =36=: 227. charities of the =3=: 274. chiefs of the =3=: 357, 358. child-bearing among the =3=: 263, 264. chungke game of =13=: 99. classes in the state =3=: 216. clothing of =3=: 310. colloquy in signs =1=: 490. connection of the, with northwestern pottery =20=: 187 sq. corporations of the =3=: 218, 342. cults of the, description of =11=: 371. curious customs, during a fog =3=: 240. customs of the =11=: 374. dances of the =3=: 342-355. data on dances of =40=: 548. Deerhead gens of =3=: 245. domestic etiquette of =3=: 262. domestic life of =3=: 259. drinks of the =3=: 309. dwellings, furniture and implements of =13=: LIV, 263-288. Earthmaker gens of =36=: 226. Elk gens of =3=: 225. fasting among the =3=: 266, 317, 319; 40: 546. fetishes of the =3=: 276, 317. fishing =3=: 301. fishing customs of =3=: 301. food of the =3=: 303-309. games of the =3=: 334-341. games of the =24=: archery 383, 393 sq. bull-roarer 750. dice games 187 sq. double ball 648, 663. European games 797. hidden ball 366. hoop and pole 420, 421, 514 sqq. popgun 759 sq. shinny 617, 641 sq., 760. snow-snake 419 sq. stick games 259. target shooting 760. throwing sticks 760. tops 747, 760. gaming dice of, presented to the Bureau =34=: 30. gentile system of the =3=: 219, 251. gentes of the =3=: 215. government of the =3=: 356-363. habitat of the =7=: 115. Hañga gens of the =3=: 233. harvest customs of =3=: 238. hunting among the =3=: 283. hunting customs of =3=: 283, 301. Ictasanda gens of =3=: 248. incident of reorganization of =36=: 65. industries among the =3=: 283-303, 310 sq. influence of, among Pawnees =22, ii=: 13. Iñgȼe-jide gens of =3=: 247. Iñke-sabe gens of =3=: 228. insignia worn by police of =10=: 420. Kansas gens of =3=: 241. kinship system of the =3=: 252-255. knife used in tattooing ceremony of =36=: 236. land cessions and reservations =18=: 726, 790, 834, 858, 876, 908, 918. law of the =3=: 364. Maⁿȼinka-gaxe gens of =3=: 242. manuscript on the =30=: 24. marriage customs of the =3=: 259; =17=: 286*. marriage laws of the =3=: 255, 267. meals of the =3=: 271. medicines or fetishes of the =3=: 276, 317. mention of the =4=: 101, 132, 133, 134, 135. method of camping =3=: 219, 220. migrations of the =3=: 213. music of the =15=: 176. myths of the =1=: 581; =19=: 432 sq., 440, 448, 449, 452, 456, 463, 465, 474; =39=: 131. names of divisions of =37=: 181. origin and early history of =15=: 191. origin of the =45=: 633 sq. parental rights among the =3=: 268. personal habits of the =3=: 269. personal names of, list obtained =10=: XIX. politeness of the =3=: 268. population of the =7=: 117; 15: 192. post-nuptial customs of =3=: 261. preparations for attacking enemies =3=: 326. pregnancy among the =3=: 263. present state of =3=: 214. protective industries of =3=: 312. record of war expeditions by =10=: 552. refugees among the =3=: 268. regulative industries among the =3=: 356. relations of, with Osage =36=: 45, 46. researches concerning =11=: XXXI. reticence of, as to secret societies =6=: 396. sacred medicine of =17=: 242. sacred pipes of the =3=: 221. sacred tents of the =3=: 221. separation of, from the Osage =36=: 281. servants among the =3=: 217. sleeping customs of =3=: 273. societies among the =3=: 342. sociology of the =3=: 205-370. some customs of the =39=: 41, 42, 111, 127, 137, 182, 183. source of medicine rituals of =14=: 62. statement of, regarding Hako ceremony among Pawnee =22, ii=: 13. status of chief among the =15=: 222. story told by the =39=: 124. study of the =14=: 654. symbol for the =4=: 166, 167. tattoo designs of the =10=: 395. terms, definition of =11=: 367. thunderbird and cedar among the =15=: 183. tribal circles of the =3=: 219. tribal custom of the =43=: 94. tribal designations of the =10=: 385. tribal fetishes of the =11=: 414. tribal medicine of the =19=: 503. visit to the =14=: 767. visiting customs of the =3=: 276, 282. Wamaⁿhe =3=: 269. warfare of the =3=: 312. witnessing of Hako ceremony among =22, ii=: 13. women among the =3=: 266.

=Omaha City=, Omaha name for =27=: 101.

=Omaha Creek=, references to =27=: 86, 87, 91, 99, 100.

=Omaha Dance=, application of the term =27=: 461.

=Omaha Dialect=, words of, in Osage rituals =39=: 186 sq.

=Omaha Dictionary=, preparation of =45=: 6.

=Omaha Exposition= Blackfoot skin tents at =20=: XVI. Indian Congress at, plan for =20=: XI, XVI. Wichita grass house at =20=: XVI.

=Omaha Structures=, account of =41=: 517 sq.

=Omaha Village Sites=, investigation of =41=: 64 sqq.

=Omar=, legend concerning =30=: 244.

=Omens= among the Kiowa =17=: 242. belief in =46=: 497; =47=: 248. frogs and toads kept for =38=: § 725. Indian’s faith in =11=: 500. nature of =30=: 271-277. of misfortune, Picuris =43=: 393. See also =Ill Omen=; =Signs=.

=Omphalea Diandra= seeds drilled =38=: § 19, 75. seeds used for necklaces =38=: § 535.

=Om´patoⁿga=, remarks of =27=: 638.

=On-top-of-the-Hill=, See =A`gabaí=.

=Onachi Bird= in chieftainship ordeal =38=: § 745.

=Onas=, Mohawk name for William Penn =10=: 443.

=Oñate, Count of ----=, appointment of nephew of =14=: 477.

=Oñate, Christobal de= acting governor of New Galicia =14=: 351. Coronado entertained by =14=: 478. defense of New Galicia by =14=: 408. testimony of =14=: 598.

=Oñate, Don Juan de= Acoma visited by =47=: 26. Awatobi visited by =17=: 594, 599. expeditions of =13=: 185. Hopi pueblos found by =28=: 220. on =29=: Acoma 543, 544. Chilili 531. Cochiti 439. Galisteo 482. Jemez Indians 402. Jemez Pueblos 405, 406, 407, 408. Kipana 550. Ojana 553. Picuris 193. Puaray 523, 524. San Cristóbal 486. San Felipe 499. San Gabriel 228. San Ildefonso 305. San Juan 213. San Marcos 551. San Pablo ruin 508. Sandia 525. Santa Ana 520, 521. Santa Clara 242. Santo Domingo 449. Sia 517, 519. Tajique 533. Taos 182, 183. Yuqueyunque 227. reduction of pueblos by =14=: 524. reference to early visit of, to Mohoce =19=: 598. route of =28=: 186, 207. visit of, to Zuñi =13=: 327.

=Onathaqua=, a Timucua chief =42=: 686.

=O´naya´nakĭa= ashes, sprinkling of =23=: 492, 494. Beast gods, food deposited for =23=: 492. ceremonial chamber =23=: 491 sq. ceremony, excitement of participants in =23=: 495 sq. closing ceremonies of =23=: 502. director, dancing of =23=: 500. Fire fraternity, playing with fire by =23=: 495. first night, ceremonies of =23=: 491-495. guest, playing with fire by a =23=: 495. initiation into order of =23=: 490-504. members, manipulation of live coals by =23=: 503. novices =23=: 493, 499 sq., 501. patients =23=: 493, 501. prayer, offering of =23=: 493. sand painting, making of =23=: 491.

=Oncpapas= =4=: 122.

=Ondaaiondiont, Charles=, mention of =43=: 458.

=One-Bear.= See =Set-pä´go=.

=One Clan House=, excavation of =41=: 52.

=One-eyed Decorah’s Village=, location of =37=: 51.

=One Feather=, in the Few Tails affair =14=: 889, 890.

=One Slice=, meaning of the term =40=: 181, 513.

=One-who-finds-nothing=, Eskimo legend of =18=: 474-479.

=Oneida, Idaho= petroglyphs in =10=: 77. pictographs at =4=: 37.

=Oneida Indians= Cherokee endeavor for union with =19=: 105. Eleazer Williams among the =14=: 23. land cession =14=: 26. land cessions and reservations =18=: 768 sqq., 772. land purchase at Green Bay =14=: 23. mention of the =24=: 117. myths of the =19=: 454. peace treaty of the =43=: 456. population and lands of the =14=: 31. population of the =7=: 80. researches among the =41=: 9; =42=: 11. settlement among, of Brotherton Indians =43=: 211 sq. treaty with the =14=: 30. visit to Green Bay =14=: 23. See also =Five Nations=; =New York Indians=; =Six Nations=.

=Oney Farm=, flint on =44=: 519.

Onions ground cherry used with =30=: 70. medicinal use of =43=: 267, 269. wild, use of =44=: 286, 340, 377.

=Onomatopoeia= =1=: 283.

=Onóna=, “two-month” maize =38=: § 244.

=Onondaga Castle=, capital of the Confederation =43=: 454.

=Onondaga Indians, or Tribe= clans of =43=: 459. custody of Iroquois wampums by =19=: 354. games of the =24=: dice games 111 sqq., 117. hidden ball 349. racket 592. land purchase at Green Bay =14=: 23. legends of, sociologic value of =22, i=: XXIX sq. mention of the =3=: XXIII. mortuary customs of the =17=: 288. name for violet =19=: 505. organizations established by =43=: 453. peace delegation of the =43=: 455. peace negotiations of, with the Huron =43=: 457. peace treaty of the =43=: 456. population of the =7=: 80. researches among the =42=: 11. researches concerning the =11=: XXX. reservation of the =43=: 454. study of language of =30=: 20. text in language of =30=: 19. texts in language of, character of =28=: 14. version of Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 141. village of the =43=: 454. work of J. N. B. Hewitt among =6=: XXX, XXXI. See also =Five Nations=; =New York Indians=; =Six Nations=.

=Onondaga Village= change of site of =43=: 460. seat of the League of the Iroquois =43=: 460. sites of =43=: 454, 461.

=Onontio=, Iroquois name for governor of Canada =10=: 443.

=Onopoma= land cessions and reservations =18=: 784.

=Onorato=, companion of Friar Marcos =14=: 355.

=Onosmodium Hispidissimum=, use of =44=: 290, 376.

=Oⁿ´pon Inikashiha= group, Quapaw =27=: 68.

=Ontario, Canada= field work in =18=: XXVIII; =20=: IX, XI; =21=: IX; =22, i=: IX. office work on material from =20=: XI. petroglyphs in =10=: 42 sq. pottery from =20=: 170, 197 sq. researches in =28=: 10, 14, 15; =29=: 10, 18.

=Ontology=, definition of =20=: CLXXXV.

=Ontonagon Chippewa=, land cessions and reservations by =18=: 796.

=Onzaga=, Indian policy of =18=: 542.

=Ooche-noⁿpa.= See =Two Kettles=.

=Ooglamie, Alaska=, name used by mistake =9=: 26.

=Ooltewah, Tenn.=, trail through =42=: 750.

=Oothcaloga=, establishment of mission at =19=: 107.

=Ootlashoot=, a Kutenai band =14=: 731.

=Opa= in Pima mythology =26=: 213. location of =26=: 93. reference to =28=: 44, 61.

=Opata Indian= a tribe of Sonora =14=: 537. games of the =24=: ball race 666, 670. dice games 146. shinny 631. houses of the =14=: 515. method of counting =19=: 879. method of forming numbers above ten =19=: 911. number names of =19=: 876, 878, 922, 929. reference to =28=: 54. swiftness of the =17=: 125.

=Opaya Mataha=, a Chickasaw chief =44=: 215.

=Opayhatchoo=, cession of land by =18=: 636.

=Opechancanough= action on Indian massacre by =18=: 564. attempt of, to poison colonists =42=: 697. war with =18=: 565.

=Opelemoemoe= =33=: 642.

=Opelousas Claim=, report on =18=: 544.

=Open Stone Yokes= =25=: 253-257.

=Openings= absence of, in cliff houses =16=: 132. in Casa Blanca walls =16=: 109. in cliff kivas =16=: 125, 129, 175. in cliff-dwelling walls =16=: 123 sq., 164, 197. in Honanki walls =17=: 565. in lee walls =8=: 182. in Mummy Cave ruin walls =16=: 114. in wall of Zuñi kiva =8=: 114. in walls of Tâaaiyalana structures =8=: 90. oblique, Zuñi =8=: 98, 207 sq. of Pueblo houses banded with whitewash =8=: 145 sq. of Kin-tiel walls =8=: 92, 93. splayed, in Ketchipauan church =8=: 82. to kivas =8=: 113 sq. See also =Doorway=; =Entrances=.

=Ophiolatry= in the Snake dance =19=: 1008 sq.

=O’pi=, or Warriors Society =47=: 96.

=Opilłȧko=, former Creek town =42=: 106.

=Opilth-Mico= an influential chief =42=: 323. opposition of, to McGillivray =42=: 325.

=Opinions=, nature and origin of =20=: CLXXI sq.

=Opitchesaht= games of the =24=: bean shooter 761. shuttlecock 719.

=Opithli= interpretation of name =42=: 34. Sawokli “king” =42=: 34.

=Opoia Mateha=, a Chickasaw chief =42=: 811.

=O´-pon Gens.= See =Elk Gens=.

=O. Porthle Yoholo= speaker of the Upper Creeks =42=: 329. See also =Hoboi-hil Yahola=.

=Opossum= myths and lore concerning =19=: 263, 265, 266, 269, 273, 278, 431, 449, 450. rat, taming of =38=: § 716, 723. vase suggesting, Middle Mississippi Valley group =20=: 95. See also =Bush Rat=.

=Opossum Clan= native name for =42=: 116. of the Yuchi =42=: 118.

=Opossum Disease=, the name for croup =42=: 644.

=Opothleoholo= opinion of, regarding brass plates =42=: 505. See also =Hoboi-hil Yahola=.

=Opothleyoholo= loyal to the United States =5=: 330, 331. wealth of =42=: 333. See also =Hoboi-hil Yahola=.

=Oppassantubby= reservation for =18=: 682 sq. sale of reserve for =18=: 694.

=Oppel, Charles C.=, on present use of wild rice by whites =19=: 1105.

=Opposite=, signs for =1=: 353.

=Opposition= in sign language =1=: 364. pictograph for =10=: 597 sq.

=Opukahonua= =33=: 635.

=Opuntia Arborescens=, Pima food plant =26=: 69, 71, 78, 103.

=Opuntia Engelmanni=, Pima food plant =26=: 75.

=Opuntia Humifusa= =33=: 104.

=Opuntia Polycantha= =45=: 480, 498.

=Opuntia sp.= =45=: 484.

=Opuntia Tuna.= See =Tuna=.

=Opuntia Versicolor=, Pima food plant =26=: 78.

=O´pxoⁿ group=, Osage =27=: 63.

=O´pxoⁿ Gens= life symbol of =36=: 113. wi´-gi-e of =36=: 112-115.

=O´pxoⁿ Inikashikithe Gens=, Kansa =27=: 67.

=Oqomiut= Eskimo tribe, situation and subdivisions of =6=: 424-440.

=Oquanoxa’s Village= cession of reserve at =18=: 734. reservation at =18=: 686.

=Oquil=, meaning of =16=: 241.

=Orache=, use of, as food =30=: 66.

=Oracles=, belief in =11=: 510, 516.

=Oraibi= affray between the Walpi and =8=: 35. age of =17=: 607. architectural character of =13=: 195. ceremonial organization =47=: 353-357. corral walls at, laid without mortar =8=: 147. corrals at, large size of =8=: 214. departure of Ketchina and Paroquet peoples from =8=: 27. description of =8=: 76 sq. description of Star katcina of =21=: 89. direction of kivas of =8=: 115 sq. distribution of gentes of =8=: 104 sq. families occupying =8=: 105-108. Flute altar, comparison with, of Mishongnovi Flute altar =19=: 993 sq. home of Honani clans =9=: 606. in 1782 =17=: 580. kiva for women =8=: 134. kiva, hatchway of =8=: 201. Laguna colony of =47=: 348-357. legendary origin of =17=: 634. list of kivas of =8=: 137. location and settlement of, in Hopi country =19=: 579 sq. masked dances at =47=: 354 sq. myth =1=: 27. name of, discussion of =47=: 350. Natackas at =21=: 71. notched ladders described and figured =8=: 157 sq. Powamû festival most complicated at =21=: 31. rare use of plastering on outer walls of =8=: 144. retirement of Sikyatki inhabitants to =8=: 24. sacred stone =4=: 58. secular government of =47=: 353. settlement by the Bears of =8=: 27. settlement of the Water people at =8=: 33. site of =17=: 578. Snake ceremony at =16=: 273, 290-295, 296. Snake dance, in 1896 =19=: 964. Snake dance, most primitive form =19=: 986. social organization of =47=: 357. stone steps at, figured =8=: 161. town chief of =47=: 354. traditions regarding first settlement of =8=: 27. type of basketry, from Chevlon, cut showing =22=, i: 98, 99. use of extramural receptacles for serpent effigies by =21=: 51. variant of Coto in =21=: 89.

=Oraibi Chief Tubi= =4=: 29, 46, 194.

=Oraibi-Shumopavi Boundary Stone= =8=: 28.

=Oraibi Village=, reference to =28=: 58.

=Oraibi Wash=, ruins on the =8=: 54 sqq.

=Oral Language= definition of =1=: 273. development of =22=, i: XXXI. evolution of =20=: CXLIV sq. primitive =1=: 274.

=Orang-utans=, fables of =30=: 363, 366.

=Orange=, cultivation of =38=: § 246.

=Orange Mound, Fla.=, occurrence of fiber-tempered wares in =20=: 122.

=Orator of the Plains=, name applied to Set-t’aiñte =17=: 206, 207.

=Orators, Modern=, gestures used by the =1=: 311.

=Oratory= a Zuñi art =47=: 618. as an agency of instruction =20=: CXCV sq. of the Creeks =42=: 313 sq. of the Indians =46=: 526, 596-602. See also =Speeches=.

=Orbigignia= for pegalls =38=: § 100.

=Orbits= and head form =46=: 277. of the Eskimo =46=: 234-237, 264, 270-274. of the Yukon Eskimo =46=: 162, 163. of the Yukon Indians =46=: 152, 154, 155, 157.

=Orchard, William C.=, quillwork described by =41=: 365 sq.

=Orchard Party of Oneida=, treaty with =18=: 772.

=Ordeal= of sacred bags, Omaha =3=: 328.

=Ordeals= customs connected with =11=: 414, 499. for chieftainship =38=: § 745-748. for hunting =38=: § 162. for puberty and marriage =38=: § 884. nature of =30=: 277-281, 308-325, 338-341. See also =Children=; =Marriage=; =Medicine Men=; =Ordeal=; =Puberty=.

=Order of the Bow= =3=: XIX.

=Ordinals= Unalit, table of =18=: 239. See also =Numbers=; =Numerals=; etc.

=Ore=, Major ----, expedition against Chickamauga towns under =19=: 78 sq.

=Oregon= coast of, explored by Cabrillo =14=: 411. collection of Indian relics from =3=: 492 sqq. explorations in =11=: XXXII. field work in =23=: IX, XIV; =27=: 7. petroglyphs in =10=: 104 sqq. researches in =28=: 15; =30=: 11. rock carvings in =4=: 25.

=Oregon Crab=, use of =45=: 487.

=Oregon Grape=, use of, in basketry =41=: 145.

=Oregon Hollygrape=, use of =45=: 490, 502.

=Oregon Indians= ceremonial weapons of =13=: 116. land cessions and reservations by =18=: 808, 812, 814, 838.

=O’Reilly, Alex.=, decree concerning land grants by =18=: 545.

=Orenda= definition of =21=: 339. discussion of =43=: 608. discussion of, by J. N. B. Hewitt =37=: 282.

=Organ= made of gourds =38=: § 571.

=Organization= of the Osage =36=: allegorical story of 59-65. symbolic nature of 51, 59. tribal, dual form of =39=: 66. twofold, discussion of =37=: 181-190.

=Organs, Internal=, Eskimo =46=: 366.

=Orgeate=, a French drink taken from the Italians =38=: § 260.

=Oriental Games=, comparison of, with Indian games =24=: 29.

=Orientation= Fox scheme of =40=: 37, 67, 71, 73, 75, 77, 133. in burials =43=: 3; =46=: 572, 573; =47=: 248. in ceremonies =47=: 529. in juggler ceremony =14=: 147. in Zuñi ceremonials =13=: 370. of Arapaho tipi =14=: 956. of Awatobi mission =17=: 609. of camping circle =14=: 1026. of Casa Grande =28=: 73 sq., 94, 95. of dwellings =27=: 97. of He´dewachi tree =27=: 253. of houses, reason for =42=: 634. of hu´thuga =27=: 137, 138, 196. of kivas =8=: 115 sq. of medicine lodge =14=: 71, 86, 90, 156. of Pima dwellings =26=: 154. of Seri jacales =17=: 222*. of square ground =42=: 187. of the dead =40=: 372, 409. See also =Cardinal Points=.

=Origin= and development of form and ornament in ceramic art =4=: 437-465. beliefs of Southeastern Indians =42=: 480. legends of the Chickasaw =44=: 174-179. legends of the Creeks =42=: as given by Bartram 49. as given by Hawkins 49 sqq. as given by Swan 47 sq. myths =42=: Alabama, where given 33. Hitchiti, where given 33. Muskogee 33-75. myths of the =37=: Bear clan 225, 229-235. Bear feast 301 sq. Buffalo clan 243 sqq. Medicine dance 350-359. Thunderbird clan 212-218. Warrior clan 219 sq. Water-spirit clan 242. myths, three versions of =47=: 547. myths, Zuñi, discussion of =47=: 547 sqq. of American Indians, theory of =42=: 507, 518, 519, 520, 543, 678; =44=: 254. of American Indians, tradition of =10=: 255 sq. of ceramic forms =4=: 269, 272, 376, 445-453. of Dakota name of the deity =4=: 103. of Eskimo =46=: America 330-333, 356, 359. Asia 330-333, 357, 359. Europe 331 sqq., 357, 359. mention of 168, 329, 333-361, 365. Polar 332, 333. tertiary, paleolithic, indefinite 333, 351, 357, 360. of human race, Iroquois myth =2=: 76. of man, Creek story regarding =42=: 64. of man, in connection with the study of anthropology =1=: 77, 78. of medicine, Iroquois myth =2=: 78. of Omaha, Ȼatada gens, mythical =3=: 237. of ornament in pottery =4=: 453. of plumage, Iroquois myth =2=: 79. of Seneca medicine, Iroquois myth =2=: 70. of sign language =1=: 273. of silversmith’s craft among the Navaho =2=: 171. of the Adlet and the Qadlunait =6=: 637. of the coil =4=: 277. of the constellations, Iroquois myth =2=: 80. of the narwhal =6=: 625 sqq. of the Winter Counts =4=: 91, 92. of tobacco, Iroquois myth =2=: 79. of wampum, Iroquois myth =2=: 78. stories, paraphrased in wi´-gi-es =43=: 84. wi´-gi-e =43=: 56 sqq.

=Origin Myths.= See =Emergence=; =Myths=; =Origin=; =Origin Tales=.

=Origin Tales=, Isleta =47=: 359-363.

=Original and Secondary Cessions= =1=: 256.

=Orinoco Tribes= coiled pottery of the =4=: 276. culture of the =25=: 21 sq., 217. dances of the =25=: 83. hammocks of the =25=: 213. houses of the =25=: 46. images of the =25=: 137. mortuary customs of the =25=: 70 sqq., 83, 213. poisoned arrows of the =25=: 93. preparation of cassava by the 25: 52 sq. seats of the =25=: 204, 216 sq. wooden pestles and mortars of the =25=: 211. See also =Carib=.

=Oriole= nest of, use of, in Hako ceremony =22=, ii: 20. See also =Bird=; =Nest=.

=Orion’s Belt=, Eskimo belief concerning =18=: 449.

=Oriwa=, Makusi name for fan =38=: § 366.

=Oriyu= damage done by =30=: 250 sq. guardian spirit of boats =30=: 242. legends concerning =30=: 242, 246, 251.

=Orizaba, Mexico=, antiquities near =26=: XV.

=O^rké=, pueblo of, speaks same language as Hano clans =19=: 614.

=Orlean=. See =Bixa=.

=Ormejera, Nos. 1 and 2=, Pima villages =26=: 21.

=Ornament, Ceramic= in pottery, origin of =4=: 453-457. mention of =4=: 271, 278-282, 303, 305, 337, 359, 373, 377, 393, 399, 412, 444, 463, 488. See also =Decoration=; =Ornamentation=.

=Ornamental= elements modified by invention =4=: 453. objects of clay from Cochiti =2=: 408. objects of vegetal substances from Wolpi =2=: 393.

=Ornamentation= affected by advent of traders =27=: 615. of basketry =41=: animals represented in 429 sq. comparison of 424 sqq. development of 385 sq. discussion of 223-258, 371-383. objects represented in 426 sqq. plants represented in 428. terms used in 399. of clay vessels =2=: 327. of clothing, Nenenot =11=: 283. of coiled basketry =4=: 487. of pipes =14=: 248. of quivers =14=: 281. See also =Adornment=; =Decoration=; =Ornaments=.

=Ornaments= burial of, with the dead 30: 149, 156 sq. distribution of =15=: 142. Eastern United States pottery =20=: 24, 25, 42 sq. from Pueblo ruins in Arizona, character of =22, i=: 85-93, 163, 187. in ceremonial costumery =15=: 275. in Sikyatki graves =17=: 733. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 83, 98, 99 sq. of gold =34=: 230 sqq. of shell =2=: 213, 305; =34=: 230, 265. of silver =44=: 241. of the Eskimo =18=: 44-63. of the Eskimo =9=: beads 149. bracelets 148 sq. earrings 142 sq. finger rings 149. labrets 143 sqq. necklaces 148. painting 140. tattooing 138 sqq. of the Guiana Indians, body =38=: p. 431-449. of the Kwakiutl =35=: 778. of the Menomini =14=: 75, 137, 264. of the Omaha dancers =3=: 344-355. personal, of the =45=: Coeur d’Alêne 81 sqq. Flathead 339 sqq. Okanagon 236. stone, how finished =15=: 26. use of =42=: 685 sq.; =46=: 590 sq. See also =Beads=; =Caracolis=; =Disks=; =Ear Ornaments=; =Necklaces=; =Ornament=; =Pendants=.

=Oroan=, eclipses due to =30=: 254 sq.

=Orobanche Fasciculata= =45=: 509.

=Orokoyana.= See =Roucouyenne=.

=Orongo Indians=, of Easter Island, houses of =10=: 169.

=Oronhiatekha=, a Caughnawaga chief =14=: 24.

=Orozco y Berra, Manuel= cited as to symbols in Mexican calendar =3=: 46, 48, 49. classification of Serian family by =17=: 102 sq. linguistic classification of, vindicated =21=: XXV. linguistic literature of =7=: 20. map by =17=: 103. notes on Seri by =17=: 103. on Acoma =29=: 543, 545. on Coahuiltecan family =7=: 68. on Gyusiwa =29=: 394. on Mexican nahualism =14=: 151. on names of savage tribes =25=: 276. on route of Cortés =25=: 244. references to =7=: 54; =28=: 56.

=Orphan Asylum=, Cherokee =19=: 152.

=Orphans= care of =42=: 79, 382. term for, in Natchez =42=: 93.

=“Orphans,”= Omaha name for Ponca =27=: 41.

=O^rpinp’o=, home of Hano clan =19=: 614.

=Ortega, ----=, reference to =28=: 54.

=Ortega, Dionisio= on Ranchos de San Antonio =29=: 312. reference to =29=: 307.

=Ortega, José=, on Kino’s explorations =17=: 57.

=Ortega, José=, specimen obtained from =44=: 91.

=Orthography= of Eskimo words =9=: 20.

=Ortiz, ----=, a survivor of Narvaez expedition =14=: 348.

=Ortiz, Anton=, aid rendered by =17=: XLII, 14.

=Ortolis.= See =Hanaqua=.

=Oruperi= identification of =30=: 120. legends concerning =30=: 120. See also =Alubiri=.

=Orychomys Torridus=, eaten by the Pima =26=: 80.

=Orytyagh=. See =Widaagh=.

=Osage County, Okla.=, map of =36=: 46.

=Osage Indian or Tribe= ancient home of =36=: 43, 44. and Cherokee, difficulties between =5=: 242. and Cherokee, treaty between =5=: 222. attitude of, in Civil War =19=: 148. bent spear used by =13=: 285. birth ceremonies of =27=: 116. blood among the Cherokee =19=: 234. capture of taíme by =17=: 259. ceremony similar to He´dewachi =27=: 260. Cherokee relations with =19=: 102, 105, 123 sq., 136, 137, 139, 141, 390. child-naming rite of =43=: 29-163. coloring matter used by the =10=: 221. custom of adoption among =27=: 61 sq., 603. description of the =11=: 371, 376. division of, into two parts =36=: 48. divisions of the =15=: 162; =36=: 45; =37=: 181; =39=: 82, 84. early history of the =15=: 192. early occupancy of Arkansas by the =7=: 113. early relations with French =27=: 81. elk rites of the =27=: 194. fasting among the =40=: 546. funeral customs of the =27=: 358. games of the =24=: dice games 188. hoop and pole 516 sq. shinny 642. general account of the =27=: 57 sq. gentile system of the =15=: 233. Ghost dance among the =14=: 902. habitat and population of =7=: 116, 118. half-breed reserves, purchase of =5=: 252. He´thu´shka society among the =27=: 459. horse capture among the =15=: 174. investigation among the =39=: 16 sqq. kindred tribes of the =36=: 45. kinship groups of the =27=: 58-61. Kiowa hostility to =17=: 165. Kiowa name for =17=: 300. Kwapa incorporated by the =15=: 195. land cessions and reservations =18=: 676, 692, 708, 774, 836, 852 sqq., 856. linguistic classification of =27=: 605; =36=: 45. lodges of, description of =13=: 271. manner of wearing hair =27=: 132. “mark of honor” among =27=: 219 sqq. massacre of Kiowa by, in 1833 =17=: 168, 257. military and social distinction of, colors used for =10=: 633. mnemonic chart explained =4=: 84 sqq. mourning custom of the =10=: 519. mythic tradition and chart of =10=: 351 sq. myths of the =27=: 457, 571. name applied to English by =27=: 611. name of the Comanche =14=: 1043. name of the Sioux =14=: 1057. Omaha name for =27=: 45, 101. organization of the =27=: 57 sq., 140; =36=: 51, 59; =39=: 66, 82. origin of the term =15=: 168. papers on =37=: 14 sq.; =42=: 13 sq., 16. party to peace with Cheyenne =27=: 73. personal names of =27=: 64-67. population of the =15=: 193; =36=: 46. pottery making by the =20=: 58. practice of tattooing by the =10=: 394. preparation of papers on =41=: 10 sq., 33, 57, 111. present prosperity of the =36=: 45. refusal of peace invitation by =19=: 352, 486 sq. relation of, to other tribes =27=: 35, 37 sq. removal of, to Indian territory =5=: 359. revision of names of =42=: 14. separation of, from Ponca =27=: 38. settlement of, in Cherokee Strip =19=: 151. sketch of the =19=: 500. slaves among Menomini =14=: 35. specimens collected from the =34=: 30. stone image used by =13=: 116. studied by La Flesche =34=: 18 sqq. sugar making by the =20=: 33. torture of captives by =17=: 203. traditions among =6=: LVI; =27=: 38, 40, 47, 62 sqq. traditions, paper on, by J. O. Dorsey =6=: 373-397. treaty signed by, in 1837 =17=: 169 sq. tribal designation of =4=: 165. tribal fetishes of =11=: 414. tribal signs for =1=: 472. visions among the =27=: 132 sq. visit of, to Washington =34=: 28. war color of the =10=: 632. war custom of the =17=: 259. war standard of the =36=: 220. weaving by the =13=: 25. we´toⁿ waaⁿ among the =27=: 423. work of Francis La Flesche among =36=: 15 sq. See also names of gentes and other divisions.

=Osage Language= dictionary of, compilation of =45=: 6. present use of =36=: 46 sq.

=Osage Orange= mention of =33=: 76. wood of, used for bows =42=: 692.

=Osage Reservation= =36=: 44.

=Osage Songs and Rituals=, phonographic records of =45=: 5.

=Osage Village Sites=, investigation of =41=: 64-67.

=Osculation.= See =Kissing=.

=Osette= land cessions and reservations =18=: 946.

=Osgood, Miss Kate C.= drawings made by =2=: 268. reproduced methods of fabrication =3=: 400, 406.

=Oshawwawno=, grant of land to =18=: 812.

=Oshkosh= agreement of, to land treaty =14=: 31. biographic notes on =14=: 46, 47. family of, of pure blood =14=: 35. genealogy of =14=: 46. genealogy of family of =14=: 45. grave of =14=: 240. importance of family of =14=: 45. meaning of =14=: 46. Menomini chief, reference to =19=: 1049.

=Osibu.= See =Morocot=.

=Os Kâ´kûmûk Tco´tcikäm=, Pima village =26=: 22.

=Oskashe=, Menomini treaty signer =14=: 28.

=Os Kuk=, Pima village =26=: 23.

=Osmorrhiza Claytoni= medicinal constituents of =44=: 304. medicinal properties of =44=: 301. use of =44=: 290, 342, 354.

=Osmorrhiza Nuda= =45=: 480.

=Osochi= a Lower Creek Red town =42=: 126, 255. allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. arrangement of square ground of =42=: 231 sq., 281, 282. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 193, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 161. marriage regulations of =42=: 126. of uncertain connection =42=: 248, 249. position of beds at =42=: 199.

=Osprey, Fla.=, researches at =27=: 10 sq.

=Osprey=, name for Tlingit gaming stick =26=: 144.

=Osprey, Songs of= =39=: 347.

=Ossabaw Island, Ga.=, pottery from =20=: 136.

=Ossachile=, town and house of =42=: 174.

=Ossuaries= European =1=: 191. located on mounds =42=: 175. mention of =12=: 545.

=Ossuary= burial, prevalence of, Potomac-Chesapeake region =20=: 150 sq. use of =42=: 700 sq.

=Ossum, H.=, reservation for =18=: 756.

=Ostermann, Rev. Leopold=, acknowledgment to =29=: 12.

=Ostrya Virginiana= medicinal constituents of =44=: 304. medicinal properties of =44=: 301. use of =44=: 291, 340, 346, 362, 377.

=O’Sullivan, T. H.=, Casa Blanca photographed by =16=: 80.

=Otaopabinè=, an Assiniboin division =15=: 161.

=Otariyatiqui=, De Soto’s visit to =19=: 28.

=Otä´s-itä´niuw’=, a Caddo synonym =14=: 1092.

=Otciapofa= allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. an Upper Creek White town =42=: 123, 254. arrangement of square ground of =42=: 208, 211. busk ceremonial of =42=: 581, 583 sq., 604. clan councils of =42=: 123. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 158 sq. home town of McGillivray =42=: 40. importance of =42=: 251. plan of ceremonial ground of =42=: 208, 212. position of beds at =42=: 198. square of, described by Swan =42=: 183.

=Otermin, Governor ----=, Indians taken to Mexico by =19=: XVI.

=Otermin, Antonio= attempted reconquest of =17=: 584. flight of, to El Paso =14=: 660.

=Otgon=, definition of =21=: 339.

=Othomi= formation of number words in =19=: 879. method of forming numbers above ten =19=: 873, 909, 931.

=Otis, F. M.=, paper on Panama ornaments by, mention of =6=: 46.

=Otis, Dr. George A.= mention of =46=: 150, 151, 162, 218, 232-237, 258. on burial case =1=: 162.

=Otkon=, meaning of the term =43=: 608 sq.

=Oto Tribe= a ⊥ɔiwe´re division =15=: 162. and Missouri Indians, inhumation of =1=: 96 sqq. and Missouri population =7=: 118. arrows of the =13=: 287. condition of Ghost dance among =14=: 927. dress of members of Shell society =27=: 519. drum in the Hoⁿ´hewachi ceremony =27=: 501. early habitat of the =15=: 195. early relations with French =27=: 81. games of the =24=: archery 394. racket 615. gentes of the =15=: 240. Ghost dance among the =14=: 902. Hethu´shka society among the =27=: 459. Kwapa incorporated by the =15=: 195. land cessions and reservations =18=: 726, 750, 762, 798, 858, 886, 894, 904. legendary origin of the =37=: 51. moccasins in birth ceremonies =27=: 117. name applied to English by =27=: 611. name of the Comanche =14=: 1043. name of the Sioux =14=: 1057. Omaha name for =27=: 102. party to treaties =27=: 73, 74, 623. population of the =15=: 195. reference to =27=: 43. settlement of, on Cherokee Strip =19=: 151. war with Omaha =27=: 87.

=Otoch=, meaning of =16=: 247.

=Otoe= beliefs among the =11=: 439. habitat of the =7=: 116. removal of, to Indian territory =5=: 364.

=Otomac Indian= belief of, in paradise =30=: 161. belief of, in petrification of body =30=: 152. burial customs of the =30=: 145 sq., 254. eclipses among the =30=: 258. legendary origin of the =30=: 145.

=Otondo y Antillon, Indro= expedition of =17=: 57. mountain named by =17=: 63.

=Otopachgnato=, an Assiniboin division =15=: 161.

=Otowi Canyon=, ancient mounds of =26=: XX.

=Ottala= =46=: 205.

=Ottawa, Ontario= earthen pot from =20=: 170. pictographs =4=: 203, 217 sq., 220.

=Ottawa Indian or Tribe.= and Potawatomi intermarriage =14=: 44. and Potawatomi, pictographic notices by =10=: 350. at Braddock’s defeat =14=: 16. enslavement of captives by the =14=: 35. games of the =24=: dice games 82. hidden ball 344 sq. habitat of the =28=: 290. instruments used by, for birch-bark pictographs =10=: 218. land cessions and reservations =18=: 648, 650, 654 sqq., 666 sqq., 674 sqq., 680 sqq., 684-688, 690, 700, 702 sqq., 710 sqq., 722 sqq., 734, 748, 750, 756 sqq., 778, 810, 812, 816, 826, 830, 842 sqq., 858, 870, 886. linguistic investigation among =28=: 225. noted as traders =42=: 740. origin of tribe, meaning of name =19=: 1039. original totem of the =14=: 44. pictograph by the =10=: 529 sq. population of the =7=: 50. population of the, in 1822 =19=: 1108, 1110. reference to =30=: 20. sleight of hand of =14=: 105. store wild rice in mococks =19=: 1072. study of the =15=: XXVI, LXXIII. thrash wild rice =19=: 1059. tie wild rice =19=: 1068. tribal history, migrations, and settlement of =19=: 1055. union of, with Potawatomi =18=: 779. wild rice gathered by =19=: 1063. wild rice moon of =19=: 1089.

=Ottawa Language= description of =28=: 261 sq., 265-269. examples in comparison with =28=: Algonkin 233, 245, 250, 251, 252, 259, 260, 262, 271. Cheyenne 233. Cree 245, 250, 251, 252, 261, 262. Cree-Montagnais 259. Delaware 261. Fox 248, 259, 261, 262. Kickapoo 248, 259. Menomini 245, 250, 251, 252, 259, 261, 262. Montagnais 248. Natick 250, 251, 271. Ojibwa 233, 245, 250, 251, 252, 259, 261, 262, 271. Peoria 250, 251, 252, 260, 261, 262, 271. Potawatomi 259, 262, 271. Sauk 248, 259. Shawnee 251, 259, 261, 262, 271. pronunciation of =28=: 228. relationships of =28=: 233, 238, 289, 290a. subjunctive mode in =28=: 246, 260.

=Ottawa University=, land sold to =18=: 858.

=Otter= a life symbol =36=: 99. a man-being in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 174, 180, 287, 315. carvings of the =2=: 125. illness caused by =42=: 644. mention of =38=: § 171. quarry of, stolen by Indians =38=: § 185. special connection of, with woman =27=: 512. See also =Otters=.

=Otter Clan= association of =42=: 148. native names for =42=: 116.

=Otter River=, Saponi on =42=: 777.

=Otter-tail Chippewa=, land cessions and reservations by =18=: 936.

=Otter Totem=, representations of =18=: 324.

=Otter who Married a Princess=, tale of the =31=: 166, 747, 750.

=Otters= Eskimo method of trapping =18=: 123, 125. Eskimo use of, as unit of value =18=: 232. in Menomini myth =14=: 91, 134, 190. in Pueblo religion =14=: 518. myths concerning =11=: 330; =19=: 266 sqq., 449. sea, Eskimo mythic animal based on =18=: 443. smoked out of dens =31=: 402. value of, among Eskimo =18=: 229. See also =Otter=.

=O`tu´gŭnŭ=, a Cheyenne division =14=: 1026.

=Otusson’s Village=, reservation at =18=: 698.

=Ouabé.= See =Taïrou=.

=Ouachtenons.= See =Wea=.

=Oualla-Oualla=, a Wallawalla synonym =14=: 740.

=Ouasito Pass=, trails to =42=: 779, 783, 792.

=Ouatanon= cession to United States of land at =18=: 654. relinquishment by United States of land at =18=: 678.

=Ouayana Indians=, beliefs of =30=: 363.

=Ouayeque.= See =Waiwai=.

=Ouboutou=, Carib chief of a nation =38=: § 741.

=Ouichram=, a Tlaqluit synonym =14=: 740.

=Ouitoto.= See =Maku=.

=Ouray= burial of =1=: 128. head chief of the Ute =1=: 315, 328. successor to Kanats =17=: 325.

=Ouroctenon.= See =Ouatanon=.

=Ousamequin.= See =Massasoit=.

=Ouspie=, identified as Ofogoula =28=: 12.

=Ousta= Kasihta chief =42=: 34. name interpreted =42=: 34.

=Outdoor Festival=, Zuñi =23=: 520.

=Outhouses= =38=: § 297.

=Outlawry= among the Seri =17=: 273*. Wyandot institution of =1=: 67.

=Outlaws=, class of =42=: 357.

=Outlooks= on restricted areas =16=: 149. or farming shelters, discussion of =16=: 142.

=Oval-base Baskets= =38=: § 416-421.

=Oval Mounds=, distribution of =37=: 78.

=Ovando=, companion of Las Casas =25=: 19.

=Ovando, Francisco de= companion of Coronado =14=: 477. treatment of, by Indians =14=: 522. See also =Obando=.

=Oven= in cavate lodges =13=: 226. of the Kwakiutl =35=: 444, 519, 520, 521, 587-591. surface imbedded with pottery scales =8=: 139. See also =Ovens=.

=Ovenlike Structures= described and figured =8=: 167. in cliff ruins =16=: 127.

=Ovens= at Pescado =8=: 95. baking, Guiana Indian =38=: § 361-363. in Zuñi =8=: 164 sq. not an aboriginal feature =16=: 128. Pueblo, description of =22, i=: 128, 139. upon roofs =8=: 151. various kinds of, description of =8=: 162-166. See also =Oven=.

=Overcasting= =38=: § 43, 44.

=Overhill Towns=, treaty with “State of Franklin” by =19=: 64.

=Overland Mail=, abandonment of stations by =17=: 177.

=Overseer of the Village= rite of =36=: 146-151. wi´-gi-e of =36=: 147-150.

=Oviedo y Valdez, Gonzalo Fernández de= as a historian =25=: 19 sq. biographical sketch of =25=: 23. incorporation of Ranjel’s report in history by =19=: 191. objects figured by =25=: 63, 210, 212. on Aguebana the First =25=: 36. on Antillean mortuary customs =25=: 70, 72, 83. on Antillean religion =25=: 129. on cannibalism of Borinqueños =25=: 50. on Carib in Porto Rico =25=: 25. on ceremonies in dance plazas =25=: 84. on Corazones =14=: 484. on culture of Haitians and Borinqueños =25=: 27. on De Soto’s expedition =19=: 25, 26. on early Porto Ricans =25=: 170. on game of batey =25=: 84, 85. on houses of Haitians =25=: 41, 42 sq. on Indian clothing =14=: 515. on Juan Gonzales =25=: 37. on polygamy among Borinqueños =25=: 48. on Porto Rican stone balls =25=: 110. on punishment of theft among Antilleans =25=: 31. on racial affinities of Borinqueños =25=: 27. on Spanish troubles in Porto Rico =25=: 23, 36, 38 sq.

=Ovis Nelsoni=, account of =26=: 82.

=Owa= description of =21=: 82. representation of, by Telavai =21=: 81.

=Owa Katcina=, appearance of, in Powamû festival =21=: 39.

=Owa Katcina Mana=, derivation of =21=: 126.

=Owa Katcina Taka=, derivation of =21=: 126.

=Owakül Mana=, derivation of =21=: 125.

=Owakül Tiyo=, derivation of =21=: 125.

=Owakülti= description of =21=: 23, 58. difference of, from Butterfly festival =21=: 58. duration of =21=: 20. fraternities taking part in =21=: 23. introduction of, from Awatobi =21=: 58. resemblance of, to Lalakoñti =21=: 58.

=Owakülti Altar=, study of =19=: XLVIII, 1 sqq.

=Owakültû Fraternity=, ceremonies celebrated by =21=: 23.

=Owakültû Society=, dance of, in Palülükoñti =21=: 50.

=Owaneco=, sale of land by =18=: 617.

=Owänoqnio=, genealogy of =14=: 58.

=Owanozrozro= appearance of, in Powamû festival =21=: 36. description of =21=: 88, 89.

=Owatamka River=, mention of =42=: 37.

=Owen, ----=, on Fort Mims massacre =19=: 216.

=Owen, Colonel ----=, at battle of Prophet’s Town =14=: 689.

=Owen, Charles L.= acknowledgment to =24=: 29. ancient Hopi graves excavated by =24=: 425. material collected by =24=: 90, 91, 164. on archery game, Hopi =24=: 290. on dice game, Apache =24=: 91. on gaming hoops, White Mountain Apache =24=: 430.

=Owen, Rev. James M.=, assistance rendered by =44=: 406.

=Owen, L. C.=, cited on Eskimo whale fishing =9=: 276.

=Owen, M. A.=, reference to =40=: 501, 546.

=Owens, John G.= acknowledgment to =17=: 646. on archery game, Zuñi =24=: 396. on ball race, Zuñi =24=: 686-689, 697. on dice games, Zuñi =24=: 212, 221. on Hopi dress =14=: 517. on Hopi mealing troughs =14=: 522. on quoits, Zuñi =24=: 762. on shuttlecock, Zuñi =24=: 720.

=Owen’s River= land cessions and reservations =18=: 814, 860, 864 sqq., 892.

=Owen’s Valley, Calif.= petroglyphs in =10=: 56-60. pictographs in =4=: 31; =6=: XLII.

=Owl= a prophetic bird =42=: 496. beliefs concerning =41=: 542. carvings of the =2=: 144. disease caused by =26=: 263. feathers, significance of =42=: 619. feathers, use of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 20. fetish, Zuñi =2=: 30. flying overhead causes death =31=: 452. hoot used by Tlingit clan =26=: 417. in Menomini myth =14=: 91, 173, 200. in Pima mythology =26=: 223, 388 sq. in Pima religion =26=: 252. in Pima song =26=: 279, 311, 315, 321. in Ponca legend =27=: 47. in pottery =41=: 541 sq. issues from bursted head of man =32=: 205. Kiowa regard for =17=: 345. man converted into =32=: 326. mask of, used by Tlingit =26=: 436. medicine-men watched by =44=: 326. myths and lore concerning =19=: 241, 281, 284, 291 sq., 454, 456, 495 sq. representations of =20=: Gulf Coast pottery 106 sq. Iroquoian pottery 174. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery 92, 95, 96. source of Tlingit personal names =26=: 422. special connection of, with woman =27=: 512. story concerning =42=: 489; =43=: 361. symbolism of =22, ii=: 21, 40, 176. taming of =38=: § 724. the legend of =19=: 365. See also =Bird=; =Horned Owl=; =Monwû=; =Owls=; =Screech Owl=; =Susanna Owl=.

=Owl Clan=, Hitchcock authority for =42=: 119.

=Owl Ear= calendar record obtained from =26=: 18. on battle at the “Tanks” =26=: 54. on death of Cyrus Lennan =26=: 50. on earthquake of 1887 =26=: 60. on white man’s suspiciousness =26=: 51.

=Owl Girl=, Eskimo legend of =18=: 499.

=Owl, Gray, Songs of the= =39=: 227.

=Owls= beliefs concerning =11=: 273, 500, 510. how regarded =15=: 171. legends concerning =30=: 212, 276. origin of =30=: 266. portents of =30=: 274. souls of common people become =35=: 727. See also =Owl=; and references.

=Owsley, Dr. W. J.=, on cist graves =1=: 114.

=Oxalidaceae= =33=: 98.

=Ox-eye=, use of =44=: 289, 364.

=Oxiailles.= See =Okchai=.

=Oxitipar=, district of, in New Spain =14=: 472.

=Oxycoccus Macrocarpus=, use of =44=: 291, 307, 321.

=Oxytropis Campestris Spicata= =45=: 504.

=Oxytropis Monticola= =45=: 473.

=Oxytropis sp.= =45=: 468.

=Oyambi Indians= food of =30=: 381. ordeals of =30=: 338 sq. sickness among =30=: 350.

=Oyata’ge`ronoñ’= meaning of the term =19=: 16, 183, 351. See also =Synonymy=.

=Oyawakashi=, barbed composite arrow =38=: § 139.

=Oyhut=, population of =7=: 105.

=Oyster= place of, in Seri dietary =17=: 195*. shells used as utensils =2=: 191.

=Ozark Mountains=, reference to =27=: 57.

=Ozark Region=, work in =40=: 15 sq.

=Ozmun, Edward N.=, reception given by, to International Congress of Americanists =26=: XI.

=Ozomalti= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 241.

P

=Paapkuk= =46=: 203.

=Päbóte=, death of =17=: 346.

=Pacasas=, Ternaux’s name for Pacaxes =14=: 514.

=Pacaxes=, an Indian tribe of Culiacan =14=: 514.

=Pacer= death of =17=: 252. delegate to Washington in 1872 =17=: 192, 252.

=Pacez=, definition of =16=: 247.

=Pachacamac=, trephined crania from =16=: 13, 14.

=Pachah=, definition of =16=: 247.

=Pachistima Myrsinites= =45=: 468, 515.

=Pachydesma Shells= in manufacture of beads =2=: 226. in manufacture of ornaments =2=: 261. in manufacture of pendants =2=: 209. use of, as utensils =2=: 190.

=Pacific Coast= forms of pipes of =20=: 45. tattooing on the =10=: 396-407. See also =California=; etc.

=Pacific Coast Indians= =24=: 227, 273.

=Pacific Dogwood=, use of =45=: 461.

=Pacific Islands=, tattooing in the =4=: 73-77.

=Pacific Slope= differ from those of the Atlantic =12=: 724. types of, resemble those of the Pacific islands =12=: 724, 726.

=Paciⁿ-naⁿ Paji=, acknowledgment to =11=: 362.

=P̣a-çiu´-gthiⁿ=, a division of the Osage =36=: 45.

=Pack, Sacred.= See =Sacred Pack=.

=Packard, A. S.= mention of =46=: 371. on Labrador Eskimo population =7=: 75.

=Packs of War, Sacred= account of =27=: 404-408. account of, Ponca =27=: 439 sqq. authority for war parties =27=: 415, 416. part in dispatching scouts =27=: 424. part in Wate´giçtu ceremony =27=: 434-437. See also =Waiⁿ´waxube=.

=Pacoc=, meaning of =16=: 247.

=Pacu= caught in dams =38=: § 202. caught with bow and arrow =38=: § 190. caught with poison =38=: § 210. ground bait for =38=: § 188. mention of =38=: § 250.

=Padanka Dance= of the Omaha =3=: 353.

=Paddle Guards=, Eskimo =18=: 226 sqq.

=Paddle, Pole= =38=: § 799.

=Paddle-shaped Stones= =25=: 93 sq., 261 sq.

=Paddle-type Clubs= =38=: § 152.

=Paddle Wood.= See =Aspidospermum=.

=Paddles= carved, Cherokee =20=: 78, 80, 133. designs on, resemblance of, to West Indian designs =20=: 112, 134 sq. designs on, South Appalachian province =20=: 134. for Eskimo kaiaks =9=: 331-335. imitation of textile markings by =20=: 80. made by the Menomini =14=: 294. of the Eskimo =18=: 167, 216 =sq.=, 223-226. of the Nenenot =11=: 306. ornaments =4=: 78. pottery, Casa Grande =28=: 146 sq. pottery decorated by =20=: Apalachee-Ohio province 180. Eastern United States 78. Florida Peninsula 118, 122 =sq.=, 124, 127, 128. Gulf Coast 108, 109, 110, 111. Iroquoian province 164. Lower Mississippi Valley province 103. Middle Atlantic province 148, 149, 156. New Jersey-New England province 176, 177 sq. northward extension of 145, 148. Northwestern province 198. South Appalachian province 130, 131 =sq.=, 133-138, 140, 143 sq. South Appalachian province, mingling of, with other varieties 144. South Appalachian province, range of 135. probable origin of =20=: 135. textile wrapped =20=: Cherokee 73. function of 154. textile wrapped, pottery decorated by =20=: eastern United States 71, 72. Iroquoian province 161, 163. Middle Atlantic province 148, 153, 154, 155. New Jersey-New England province 177, 179. Northwestern province 188, 189, 194, 196, 198, 199. Ohio Valley province 185. South Appalachian province 144. textile wrapped =20=: resemblance of impressions of, to basket impressions 71. use of, in modeling and finishing, eastern United States 36, 51, 65, 68, 73, 148. use of, in modeling and decorating, eastern United States =20=: 36, 51, 52, 65, 66, 80, 133-136. value of, in manufacture =20=: 135 sq. See also =Stamps=.

=Paddling=, teaching of, to men =30=: 221.

=Paddock, L. A.= on Potawatomi eating wild rice =19=: 1083. on Potawatomi thrashing wild rice =19=: 1070. on wild rice in Grass Lake, Illinois =19=: 1026. on wild rice in Illinois =19=: 1029.

=Paddy Cap’s Band= of Paiute, executive order affecting =18=: 920.

=Padilla, José Thomas=, a scalp taker =47=: 260.

=Padilla, Juan de= accompanies Alvarado =14=: 391. an early southwestern missionary =13=: 326. journey of, to Quivira =14=: 571, 579, 592. leader of friars with Coronado =14=: 400. remains in Quivira =14=: 529, 534. report of discoveries by =14=: 594. visit of, to Tusayan =14=: 488; =17=: 596. Zuñi ruins visited by =13=: 344.

=Padlimiut Eskimo Tribe=, situation of =6=: 440 sqq.

=Padlock Stones= =25=: 263.

=Padouca= application of the name =14=: 1043, 1044. meetings with Ponca =27=: 79 sq. party to peace treaty =27=: 81. reference to =27=: 49. village on Dismal River =27=: 88. See also =Comanche=.

=Pads=, Zuñi head =2=: 369.

=Paducah=, pottery from =4=: 426.

=Padus Melanocarpa= =33=: 89.

=Padus Nana= =33=: 88.

=Paederastia= among the Omahas =3=: 365. See also =Schoopanism=; =Sodomy=.

=Paez, Juan=, report of Cabrillo’s voyage by =14=: 411.

=Pägănävo=, Shoshoni and Comanche name of the Cheyenne =14=: 1023.

=Pä´gatsû=, a Comanche band =14=: 1045.

=Page, Professor ----=, on Grave Creek tablet =12=: 632.

=Paget, John=, mention of =34=: 80.

=Pa-guadal=, native name of Red Buffalo =14=: 1083.

=Pá-guñhéñte= death of =17=: 323. in expedition against Navaho =17=: 323.

=Pah Utes=, a synonym of Paiute =14=: 1048.

=Pah Vant Uta=, establishment of reserve for =18=: 825.

=Paha´na=, Hopi name of the whites =14=: 978.

=Paho, prayer stick= at Mishongnovi Cakwaleñya altar =19=: 992. at Walpi Snake altar =19=: 983. See also =Pahos=; =Prayer Stick=.

=Pahos= definition of =15=: 261. in Hopi ceremonies =15=: 261, 267. reference to =14=: 573. season for making =15=: 258. See also =Paho=; =Prayer Stick=.

=Pahosa Clan=, associations of =42=: 148.

=Pahu´thoⁿdathoⁿ=, location of =27=: 100.

=Pahvant= confounded with Paiute =14=: 1048.

=Pai Ute.= See =Paiute=.

=Paiakyamû or Paiakyamu= appearance of, in dramatization of growth of corn =21=: 93. appearance of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 24. appearance of, in pictures of Nakopan hoya =21=: 117. association of, with Kaisale mana =21=: 120. figures on Hopi pottery =17=: 659.

=Pail-shaped Baskets=, decoration of =41=: 228.

=Paimut= ceremonial objects from =18=: 403. conditions observed by E. W. Nelson at =18=: 248. implements and utensils from =18=: 67 sq., 82, 143, 180, 192. legends from =18=: 483 sqq. people of =18=: 26. tobacco implements from =18=: 285. visited by E. W. Nelson =18=: 19.

=Paimute= (=Paimiut=) =46=: 66, 129, 132, 134.

=Pain, B. H.= =46=: 306, 308.

=Pain= development of =19=: LIX sq., LXVI sqq., XCII. mention of =46=: 230, 231. origin of =32=: 179.

=Pá-iñgya or Pa-iñgya= a Kiowa prophet =14=: 1083. account of =17=: 220, 350, 356. reputed powers of =14=: 906, 907.

=Paint= black =35=: 58, 94 sq. black body =38=: § 30. blue, origin of =22, ii=: 46. blue, symbolism of 22, ii: 233. blue, use of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 37, 42. color of, indicative of gens =40=: 358. found in graves in Sikyatki =14=: 519. grinding of =23=: 221. how regarded by Cheyenne and Arapaho =14=: 779. in Cherokee myth =19=: 290, 320. Kiowa method of mixing =41=: 596 sq. mixed with salmon spawn =35=: 236. mortars from Pueblo ruins =22, i=: 104, 184, 185. mortuary use of =14=: 879. obtained from Wovoka =14=: 775, 778. of Tusayan Indians =15=: 275, 301. on Ghost shirts =14=: 790. presented by Wovoka =14=: 797, 900, 901. red, symbolic use of =43=: 67. red, symbolism of =22, ii=: 228, 353. red, use of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 26. sacred origin of =14=: 91. use of, by Arapaho =14=: 971. use of, by Cheyenne =14=: 1029. use of, by Indians =19=: 455, 469. use of, by Pima =26=: 104. use of, by Tlingit =26=: 455, 464. use of, in Ghost dance =14=: 798, 814, 821, 823, 919, 922, 997, 1098. See also =Decoration=; =Dyes=; =Painting=; =Paints=; =Pigments=; =Resin=.

=Paint Boxes=, Eskimo =18=: 199 sqq.

=Paint Clan= of the Cherokee =42=: 118.

=Paint Creek=, trail up =42=: 767.

=Paint Cups= made of clay, from Zuñi =2=: 362. made of shark vertebra =44=: 136. made of shells =44=: 137. natural concretions used as =41=: 596.

=Paint Grinders=, Casa Grande =28=: 126 sq.

=Paint Jars=, collection of Indian =3=: 573.

=Paint Lick Mountain, Va.= =4=: 33.

=Paint Medicine= made of Water-Spirit bones =37=: 473. use of =37=: 475.

=Paint Mortars=, cupped stones used as =13=: 93.

=Paint Pots=, collection of Indian =3=: 570-573.

=Paint Rock, N. C.=, petroglyphs on =10=: 99 sqq.

=Paint Rock Ferry=, collection from =3=: 461.

=Paint Sticks= mention of =11=: 297. use of, among Northern Indians =11=: 296. use of, in workshop =11=: 438.

=Paint Stones=, description of =13=: 94, 115.

=Paint Town=, purchase of =19=: 161.

=Painted Boards= Bonasila, Ghost Creek =46=: 63. of burial boxes, Auk Point =46=: 33, 64. Unalaklik =46=: 64.

=Painted Caves=, Crockett County, Texas =10=: 116.

=Painted Cup=, use of =44=: 288, 362.

=Painted House= archeological work on =41=: 6, 27 sq. excavation and repair of =37=: 7.

=Painted Kiva House=, partial excavation of =41=: 29 sq.

=Painted Lips.= See =Tĭpinävón=.

=Painted Pottery= =4=: 282, 302-307, 434.

=Painted Rock=, Indian personal name =10=: 35.

=Painted Rocks= =38=: § 782.

=Painting= adornment in Shell society =27=: 522 sq. among the Eskimo =9=: 390 sqq. among the Flathead =45=: 326 sq. among the Kwakiutl =35=: 58, 343. among the Pima =26=: 160 sq., 163 sq. among the Pueblo Indians =14=: 558. body, by Guiana Indians =38=: § 512, 513. body, by Siouan Indians =15=: 176. body, by Siouan tribes =15=: 169. body, in Oraibi dance =16=: 292, 293, 294. ceremonial, of body =40=: 225. ceremonial, of face =40=: 213. colors used in =45=: 338, 340. corpse =38=: § 831, 833, 855, 860, 864. decoration of horses =27=: 352 sq. effect of blemish on =23=: 507. Eskimo, examples of =18=: 67 sq., 70, 79, 88, 94-97, 99, 100, 139, 167, 168, 170, 185, 188, 197, 199, 200, 201, 211, 224, 273, 274, 277, 315 sq., 396-415, 449. facial =43=: 95. facial and body =42=: 686. facial and body, object of =45=: 420. for winter ceremonial =35=: 1165. Hopi skill in =21=: 13, 15. in Arapaho ceremonies =9=: 583. in Pebble society =27=: 565 sq. in Wa´waⁿ ceremony =27=: 397. Katcina, Hopi fears about =21=: 14. manner of =4=: 48; =45=: 418. of face in Eskimo =9=: 140. of face and body =45=: 86 sqq.; =47=: 869 sq. of the hair =45=: 86. of twins and their parents =35=: 679. of wolf =35=: 811. on clothing =45=: 79 sq., 338; =46=: 421, 586. on the human body =10=: 618 sq. paintbrushes =27=: 239, 354. pottery =38=: § 94. post mortem =11=: 144. references to =27=: 350, 615 sq. sand, among the Sia =11=: 77, 102. symbolic, ceremonies of =39=: 69-73. symbolic, instruction in =36=: 140. symbolic, of robe =39=: 194. symbolic, of the face =39=: 192 sq., 243. symbolic, of the Xo´-ḳa =39=: 251. upon robes or skins =10=: 219. visitors =38=: § 809. See also =Body Painting=; =Color Decoration=; =Decoration=; =Design=; =Facial Decoration=; =Facial Painting=; =Rock Paintings=; =Sand Picture=.

=Painting Ceremony= songs of =36=: 244 sqq. symbolism of =36=: 243. wi´-gi-e of =36=: 242-248.

=Painting Ritual= =45=: 704 sq.

=Painting Wi´-gi-e= =39=: 74 sqq.

=Paintings= appearance of, in Powamû festival in 1900 =21=: 81. of clan symbols =42=: 235 sq. of killerwhale =35=: 813, 817. of sun =35=: 807. of whale =35=: 811, 813, 816. on house of numayms =35=: 805-820. on kiva walls =8=: 131.

=Paints= and dyes, use of =46=: 591. ceremonial grinding of =47=: 859. composition of =45=: 43. Eskimo =18=: 196, 198. for prayer sticks =47=: 645. for the body =47=: 860 sqq. for the masks =47=: 859 sq. found in Burton Mound =44=: 102 sq. manufacture of =47=: 131. obtained from cave =45=: 340. of the Okanagon =45=: 218. plants used in making =45=: 500 sqq. specimens of, from Pueblo ruins =22, i=: 96, 184. used in decorating eastern United States pottery =20=: 86. See also =Clay=; =Colors=; =Ocher=; =Paint=; =Pigments=; etc.

=Paí-tälyí.= See =Sun-Boy=.

=Paiute, of California= attempt at suicide =4=: 132. Cohonimo knowledge of Ghost dance from =14=: 812. Datura used by the =30=: 47. gambling song of the =14=: 1009. games of the =24=: ball juggling 713. dice games 166 sqq. double ball 647, 662. football 698, 704. four-stick game 327, 333 sqq. hand game 311 sq. hoop and pole 421, 498 sq. ring and pin 528, 529, 553 sq. tops 333. Ghost dance among the =14=: 654, 784, 802, 806, 926, 927. Ghost dance introduced among Walapai by =14=: 814. Ghost dance studied =13=: XXXII. glossary of the =12=: 1056. Hopi disguised as =15=: 275. in Owens Valley, Calif. =10=: 60. land cessions and reservations =18=: 832, 854, 858, 862, 870, 872, 878, 880, 882, 884, 920. method of conversation =14=: 770. method of living =14=: 770. name of Ghost dance =14=: 791. name of the whites =14=: 978. Navaho taught about Messiah by =14=: 811. notion of, concerning eclipse =14=: 773. number names of the =19=: 869, 876. on Klamath reserve =14=: 805. on Warmspring reserve =14=: 805. pictographs of the =4=: 61, 158. population of the =7=: 110; =14=: 1050. porcupine among the =14=: 794. reception of, into Mormon church =14=: 790. sketch of the =14=: 1048. songs of the =14=: 1052. southern, number names of the =19=: 869, 876. stone arrow-points of the =14=: 282. synonym of the =14=: 1048. Tavibo among the =14=: 701. topographic illustration by the =10=: 342, 343. vocabulary of, obtained =23=: XIV. See also =Wovoka=.

=Pai-ute Creek=, pictographs on =4=: 33.

=Paiwa=; =Paiwari=, drink =38=: § 257.

=Paiyatuma= of Zuñi mythology =13=: 432, 439, 446.

=Pai-yuchimŭ=, Hopi name of the Paiute =14=: 1048.

=Pai-yutsĭ=, Navaho name of the Paiute =14=: 1048.

=Pajarito Plateau District=, researches in =26=: XX.

=Pajeken, Clemens A.=, notes on Seri by =17=: 100 sq.

=Pak=, meaning of =16=: 247, 262.

=Pakaa= =33=: 296, 650.

=Pakab Clan= ceremony of =21=: 25, 26. Hopi katcinas derived from =21=: 125. introduction of Owakülti by =21=: 58. introduction of Tcanaû into Walpi by =21=: 54. migrations and census of =19=: 608 sqq. serpent effigies kept in house of =21=: 51. Tcanaû introduced into Tusayan by =21=: 91.

=Pakab Groups=, component clans of =19=: 584.

=Pakab Reed Clan=, advent of, at Walpi =19=: 585.

=Pakamali=, California tribe =24=: 333.

=Pa´kamallia=, a Pit River band =14=: 1052.

=Pakan Tallahassee= allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. an Upper Creek White town =42=: 254. arrangement of square grounds at =42=: 212, 224, 225. busk name of =42=: 614. clan councils of =42=: 124. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 192, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 158 sq. plan of ceremonial ground of =42=: 212, 226. position of beds at =42=: 198. seating of the miko of =42=: 285 sq. tcokofa at =42=: 180 sq.

=Pakaruma Basket= =38=: § 417, 453.

=Pakashi-izini Ruin= in Del Muerto =16=: 98.

=Pakatcomo= pueblo of Patki clan =19=: 626. site of old Patki pueblo =16=: 597. See also =Patki Clan=.

=Pakawá Tribe=, habitat of the =7=: 68.

=Pák`iägo=, Kiowa name of Sarsi =17=: 160, 330.

=Pakí-gudălkantă=, Kiowa name of the Brulé =17=: 160.

=Pakiokwik=, description of =21=: 113, 114.

=Pa`kiut=, Smohalla services at =14=: 727.

=Pa´`kiut-`lĕ´ma=, a Yä´kĭma synonym =14=: 737.

=Pa-kóñkya=, stealing of Guibadái’s wife by =17=: 337.

=Pakui= =33=: 635.

=Pakwabi=, description of =21=: 108.

=Pal=, signification of =16=: 253.

=Pala=, lanceolate composite-head arrow =38=: § 137.

=Pala Reserve=, establishment of =18=: 884.

=Pala Valley Indians.= See =Mission Indians=.

=Palabikuña=, description of =21=: 115.

=Palahiko Mana= derivation of =21=: 125. description of =21=: 118, 119. personations of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 55. similarity of mask of, to that of Hopi Calako mana =21=: 119.

=Palaihnihan Family= =7=: 97, 98.

P=alaihnihan Language=, work on =11=: XXIX.

=Palakwayo= description of =21=: 77. personation of, in Powamû =21=: 32.

=Paläni=, Dakota name for Arikara =17=: 158.

=Palate.= See =Dental Arch=.

=Palatka, Fla.=, finding of fiber-tempered ware at =20=: 122.

=Palatki= art remains found at =17=: 569. description of =28=: 195 sqq. population of =17=: 567. ruins described =17=: 553-558. ruins discovered =17=: 534, 551.

=Palatkwabi (Palátkwabi), Southern Arizona= a Hopi stopping place =13=: 189. a traditional land of the Hopi =17=: 529, 531, 568, 672. clans from =19=: 594-603. Hopi clans from =19=: 582 sq. mythic original home of Patki clans =19=: 597. references to =28=: 35, 142. religious societies from =19=: 626-630. religious societies from, at Walpi =19=: 623. the pristine habitat of the Squash and Sun people of Tusayan =8=: 25, 29.

=Palenque= bas-reliefs at =19=: 672. inscriptions at =19=: 732-775. inscriptions at, initial series of =19=: 800 sq. inscriptions at, significance of terminal dates on =22, i=: 290-299. statues of =1=: 207, 224, 227 sqq., 245.

=Palenque Tablet= ahau symbol on =16=: 263. chuen symbol on =16=: 241. day symbol on =16=: 207. ik symbol on =16=: 215. kan symbol on =16=: 226. lamat symbol on =16=: 235. mention of =3=: 63.

=Paleographic Objects= =12=: 28.

=Paleography.= See =Decoration=.

=Paleolithic Class= of artifacts, discussion of =17=: 252*.

=Paleolithic Forms.= See =Rejects=.

=Paleolithic Implements= and quarry rejects, comparison of =15=: 30.

=Paleolithic Man= in Potomac Valley =15=: 15. of Europe and the Eskimo =46=: 175, 337, 347.

=Paleolithic Period= in Europe =15=: 15.

=Palestine=, cup sculptures in =10=: 198.

=Palila= =33=: 639.

=Palino Drink= =38=: § 261.

=Palisades= construction =41=: 550. disappearance of traces of =41=: 549. of the Creek Indians =42=: 705 sq. of the Guiana Indians =38=: § 291. See also =Walled Towns=.

=Paliuli= =33=: 304-307, 634, 643, 645, 646.

=Palladia= almost unknown to the Creeks =42=: 503. discussion of =42=: 503-510.

=Palle, José=, mention of =23=: 20.

=Palm= edible =38=: § 247. string figure of =38=: § 646-648, 690, 694.

=Palma Christi, Oil of.= See =Copaifera=.

=Palmer, ----=, treaties concluded by =18=: 813.

=Palmer, Agent ----=, report of, on Sioux excitement =14=: 848.

=Palmer, Dr. Edward= appointment of, as assistant =12=: 19. believes the large mound at Silvertown to be a natural formation =12=: 265. cited =30=: 47, 49, 51, 67. collection of Indian relics by =3=: 433-439. collections by =2=: 303; =19=: XXIX. explorations of =5=: XX, XXII. material collected by =24=: 90, 94, 149, 150, 169, 200, 205, 206, 324, 326, 429, 489, 499, 524, 554, 555, 560, 570, 602, 623, 631, 645, 671, 681, 682, 744. notices remains of mound-builders’ houses =12=: 663. on ball race, Cocopa =24=: 681. on ball race, Mohave =24=: 682. on ball race, Pima =24=: 671. on Catawba pottery making =20=: 55. on cinctures used by the Pima =26=: 104. on cure for gonorrhea =26=: 80. on Dakota curing wild rice =19=: 1065. on Dakota thrashing wild rice =19=: 1068. on dice games, Mohave =24=: 205. on dice games, Pima =24=: 150. on dice games, White Mountain Apache =24=: 90. on hand game, Diegueños =24=: 324 sq. on hand game, Mohave =24=: 326. on hoop and pole, Pima =24=: 489. on Mexican clay vessels =8=: XXVI. on nuts of “quinine plant” =26=: 78. on popular synonym for wild rice =19=: 1023. on shinny, Mohave =24=: 645. on use of wild gourds =26=: 79. on use of canaigre =26=: 77. Pima artifacts collected by =26=: 96, 149, 152. pottery collected by, reference to =22, i=: 34. reports previous exploration of Menard mound =12=: 231. Utah hoe described by =13=: 133. visits Silvertown mound =12=: 263. work of =3=: XXIV.

=Palmer, William=, work of =25=: XXI.

=Palmetto= fiber, use of, as tempering material, Florida Peninsula =20=: 117, 121. use of, in building =42=: 688.

=Palmos, Rio de=, probable identification of =14=: 346.

=Palmyra-Princeton Trail= =42=: 806-810.

=Palo de Aceite.= See =Copaifera=.

=Paloos Tribe= Flathead name for the =45=: 301. location of the =45=: 37. name of, in sign language =45=: 146. population of the =7=: 107. See also =Palouse=; =Pälus=.

=Paloú, Father ----=, Syujtun mentioned by =44=: 49.

=Palouse= a Pä´lus synonym =14=: 735, 737. mention of =41=: 136. See also =Paloos Tribe=; =Pälus=; =Yakima=.

=Paloverde= in Pima tales =26=: 247, 250. Pima food plant =26=: 75.

=Palŭ=, Washo name of the Paiute =14=: 1048.

=Palülükoñ= association of, with Nüvak =21=: 84. derivation of =21=: 124. description of =21=: 87. effigies of =21=: 50, 51. the Great Snake, in Patki myths =19=: 597. Walpi ceremonies performed at home of =21=: 52.

=Pálü-lü-koña=, the Hopi serpent deity =13=: 188.

=Pálülükoñti= appearance of Hahai wüqti in =21=: 68. application of name corn-planting to =21=: 52. ceremony, description of =15=: 291. description of =21=: 22, 40-55. katcinas appearing in =21=: 16, 87-95. occasional ceremonies connected with =21=: 48 sqq. variation of =21=: 19.

=Pálulukonuh.= See =Snake, Plumed=.

=Paluña Hoya= derivation of =21=: 125. description of =21=: 90, 91. worship of =21=: 21, 25.

=Pälus= and Wa´napûm affinity =14=: 735. incorporation of Chämnä´pum with =14=: 739. sketch of the =14=: 735. See also =Paloos Tribe=; =Palouse=.

=Palwisha= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Pamano= =33=: 301, 622, 658.

=Pambzimina=, Shoshoni name of the Sioux =14=: 1057.

=Pamicari=, basketry “hat” =38=: § 518.

=Pamlico-Albemarle Pottery= =20=: 147 sqq.

=Pamunkey Indians= Cherokee relation with =19=: 30. field work among the =22, i=: XII. initiatory shelters =13=: 14. modern pottery of the =20=: 152 sq. use of shell for tempering by =20=: 48.

=Pamürti= celebration of advent of Zuñi katcinas in =21=: 57. ceremony of, led by Pautiwa =21=: 59. description of =21=: 21, 26-29, 59. fraternities taking part in =21=: 23. Hopi festival =21=: 24. katcinas appearing in =21=: 16. personation of Sio Humis taamû in =21=: 64. purpose of =21=: 16. significance of introduction of Tcakwaina in =21=: 62.

=Pamüryawû=, ceremonies celebrated in =21=: 21.

=Pan American Scientific Congress= mention of =30=: 12. reference to =29=: 11.

=Pan Pacific Convention=, mention of =41=: 40, 48.

=Pana=, identification of =17=: 248.

=Panachika=, Makusi barbed composite arrow =38=: § 139.

=Panama= =46=: 175.

=Panamint Indians= stone arrow-point of the =14=: 282. vocabulary of the, obtained =5=: XXX.

=Panax Quinquefolium= =33=: 106.

=Pancakes=, superstitions concerning =9=: 541, 542, 543.

=Pancassa=, identification of =17=: 248.

=Pandora=, Cherokee parallel to myth of =19=: 436.

=Pandosy, ----=, on definition of Yakima hand game =24=: 307.

=Pane, Ramon= account by, of making zemis =34=: 208. See also =Ramon Pane=.

=Panela=, nonrefined sugar made up into cakes in the shape of a brick =38=: § 264.

=Paneled Doors= in modern pueblos =8=: 184 sqq.

=Panels= of stone collars =34=: 193-196.

=Pangyagiate=, death of =17=: 296.

=Pani= mention of =4=: 166, 241. tribal signs for =1=: 472. See also =Pawnee=.

=Paniagua, Juan=, miraculous recovery of =14=: 500.

=Panic Grass=, medicinal use of =42=: 667.

=Panico.= See =Panuco=.

=Panicum=, species of, used medicinally =42=: 667.

=Panicum Virgatum= =33=: 66.

=Pani piqués=, French name of the Wichita =14=: 1095.

=Panpipes= =38=: § 566.

=Panquichas.= See =Piankishaw=.

=Paⁿsfalaya=, name for the Choctaw =42=: 683.

=Pansy Society= and the Sioux outbreak =14=: 893.

=Pantaloons= of the Eskimo =9=: 126-129.

=Pantatûk=, exploit of =26=: 41.

=Pantheon= of the Acoma =47=: 64-67.

=Panther= and the rabbit, folktale of =14=: 221. myths concerning =19=: 247, 434, 449, 471. range of the =2=: 142. representation of, Florida mortuary pottery =20=: 124.

=Panther Clan= associations of the =42=: 149. native names for =42=: 116. of the Natchez =42=: 118. origin myth of the =42=: 111 sq. story of the =44=: 200.

=Panther Disease=, mention of =42=: 644.

=Panther Lily=, use of, as food =45=: 482.

=Panther Phratry=, clans of the =44=: 192.

=Pantherlike Animals= in Dresden Codex =16=: 226.

=Pànti=, name of legendary dog =44=: 179.

=Pantomime, Natural= =1=: 280.

=Pantomimes, Classic= =1=: 286.

=Pantosteus Arizonae Gilbert=, Salt River fish =26=: 83.

=Pantosteus Clarkii=, Gila River fish =26=: 83.

=Panuco, Mexico= references to =14=: 592. remains near =26=: XVI.

=Panuco Bay=, location of =14=: 346.

=Panuco River, Mexico=, ruins along =26=: XV.

=Pañwû=, description of =21=: 102.

=Pañwü Clan=, mention of =19=: 596.

=Pao=, four-stick game of the =24=: 335.

=Paowi=, Sonora tree =26=: 176.

=Papa=, title of, given to priests at Zuñi =14=: 518.

=Papago= a division of the Piman family =7=: 98. absence of Ghost dance among the =14=: 805. Agave heteracantha used by =26=: 142. altruism of the =21=: XXVII. basketry of the =26=: 145 sqq. cattle among the =26=: 28. collections from the =16=: XLII, LIII. conquest of nature by the =21=: XXVIII. divisions of the =26=: 197. exhibit relating to the =17=: LVIII. feeling of, concerning invasion of Seriland =17=: 130* sq. field study of the =22=: XI. formerly called Pima =26=: 27. fowls introduced by, among Pima =26=: 82. games =26=: 175. games of the =24=: ball race 666, 670 sq. dice games 146 sqq. double ball 648, 659 sq. European games 794. hand game 295. hidden ball 336, 339, 353 sqq. in Pima mythology =26=: 228. influence of, on Pima mythology =26=: 251. installment of, as guards of Costa Rica =17=: 120 sq. land cessions and reservations =18=: 876, 908, 922. location of =26=: 76. mescal prized by the =26=: 70. musical instruments of the =26=: 168. origin of the =28=: 152, 153. paint obtained by =26=: 161. population of the =7=: 99. pottery of the =26=: 127, 129. prickly pear used by the =26=: 75 sq. quatern concept among the =19=: 834 sq. quatern symbols among the =22, i=: XV. races with Pima =26=: 172. references to =28=: 34, 36, 54, 70, 113, 140. relations with Pima =26=: 186, 196, 200. researches among the =16=: XXVI, XXIX, XXXIII, LXII. researches concerning =20=: XXII, XXIV. saguaro hook used by the =26=: 103. smallpox spread by the =26=: 268. study of the =18=: XXXIX sqq., =XLV=; =19=: XXIII. swiftness of the =17=: 126. teeth of the =26=: 160. thievery among the =26=: 199. trade with Pima =26=: 77, 78, 93, 96, 100, 101, 114, 119, 124, 129, 142, 147, 150. trade with the whites =26=: 127. tradition as to wild gourd =26=: 91. treatment of snake bites by =26=: 264. villages of the =16=: XXXV. warfare with Apache =26=: 43, 45. warfare with Yuma =26=: 47. woman, capture and enslavement of, by Seri =17=: 278 sq. work among the =17=: LI.

=Papago de Cojat, Governor= governor of Pima =26=: 29. reference to =28=: 37.

=Papago Language= =26=: 20.

=Papago Music= manuscripts on =41=: 35. study of =41=: 13, 35.

=Papago Songs=, analyzed by Miss Frances Densmore =42=: 15.

=Papagueria= explanation of the term =26=: 76. exploration in =17=: 12. natural products of =26=: 93 sq.

=Papantla=, Mexican pueblo =25=: 249.

=Papa-uirá Bird=, binas from =30=: 288.

=Papaveraceae= =33=: 83.

=Papaw=, cultivation of =38=: § 246.

=Paper Birch= =33=: 75.

=Paper Bread= appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 115. appearance of, in representation of Tcutckutû =21=: 67. use of, in Hopi foot races =21=: 114.

"=Paper Chiefs=,” account of =27=: 85, 212, 631.

=Papers= accompanying annual reports =1-48=: passim.

=Papilion Creek=, reference to =27=: 91, 100.

=Papitsinima=, Comanche name of the Sioux =14=: 1057.

=Papoose Rock=, legend of =43=: 257.

=Papshpûn-`lĕma=, a synonym of Pend d’Oreille =14=: 731.

=Paptöa= See =Hohola=.

=Papuan Archipelago=, masks in =3=: 98-103.

=Papuans= mourning colors of the =10=: 630. notice of warning by the =10=: 357.

=Paquette, Moses=, information furnished by =24=: 366.

=Parade Ceremonies= =45=: 393, 394.

=Paradigmatic Inflection= =1=: 7, 15.

=Paradise= conception of =42=: 513, 514. location of =42=: 513. See also =Heaven=.

=Paradise Nut.= See =Lecythis=.

=Paragonah=, mound at, excavated by N. M. Judd =37=: 24 sq.

=Paragraphing=, system of =40=: 28.

=Parakari Drink= =38=: § 261.

=Parallelism= =33=: 328.

=Paralysis= among the Pima =26=: 265.

=Paraphernalia= dance, where kept =15=: 296. of Cuñopavi Snake dance =16=: 288. used in Palülükoñti =21=: 50, 51. See also =Costumery=.

=Paraphrases=, corrected by grammatical analysis =40=: 295, 378.

=Parapi=, Carib dish =38=: § 389.

=Parau=, Makusi name for arrow =38=: § 128.

=Parched Corn=, Indian use of =19=: 481.

=Parchment=, use of, by American aborigines, for drum heads =20=: 34.

=Pardo, Juan=, exploration in Cherokee country by =19=: 27 sqq., 380.

=Päréiyä= a Comanche leader =17=: 162. death of =17=: 164.

=Pareja, Padre ----= material preserved by =42=: 679. Timucua vocabulary of =7=: 123.

=Parents= attitude toward =46=: 485. of Omahas, rights of =3=: 268. respect for =38=: § 911.

=Parflêches= designs on =41=: 242, 360. rawhide, described =45=: 50 sq., 221. tribes using =41=: 357. use of =45=: 352.

=Parhelion=, Eskimo belief concerning =18=: 449.

=Päriaséaman= a Comanche chief =17=: 161. treaty signed by, in 1867 =17=: 186.

=Parica.= See =Piptadenia=.

=Parilla, Diego Ortiz=, “extermination” of Seri by =17=: 73 sq.

=Pario Seeds=, substitute for cassava =38=: § 242.

=Paripi= drink =38=: § 271. peach palm, Guilielma =38=: § 116, 117.

=Paris=, treaty of =19=: 60.

=Paris, Ky.= settlement of =42=: 789. trails connecting at =42=: 792.

=Parish, Lee=, acknowledgment to =47=: 1.

=Parishara Dances= =38=: § 586-590.

=Parisot, J.=, et al., on the Taensa language =7=: 96.

=Park=, buffalo caught in =46=: 532 sq.

=Parke, Jno. G.= on Poguate =29=: 539. on Pojoaque =29=: 334. on Quivira =29=: 566. on Sia =29=: 518.

=Parke, Lieut. J. G.=, surveys by =26=: 31.

=Parker, ----=, report concerning intended reserves by 18: 837.

=Parker, Arthur C.= acknowledgment to =36=: 27. cooperation of =33=: 33.

=Parker, Caroline=, proposal to bestow title of “Peacemaker” on =19=: 208.

=Parker, Cynthia=, capture of, by Comanche =17=: 270.

=Parker, E. S.=, commissioner to treat with Indians =5=: 341.

=Parker, Sir Peter=, attack on Charleston by =19=: 47.

=Parker, Quanah= a Comanche chief =14=: 1046. opposition of, to Ghost dance =14=: 902.

=Parkies= of fawn skins, numerals used in counting =18=: 241.

=Parkinson, William=, mound on land of, Pennsylvania =12=: 496.

=Parkinsonia.= See =Paloverde=.

=Parkman, Francis= cited on Indian beliefs =11=: 443. cited on Indian medicine-men =9=: 455, 459, 475. cited on Pontiac =24=: 665, 669. on Algonquian myths =19=: 437. on d’Iberville’s colonization =14=: 14. on French and English relations with Indians =14=: 17. on Niagara Indian council =14=: 18. on the Pontiac conspiracy =14=: 130. on the use of wampum =2=: 247. petition for Casa Grande repair =15=: CIII. Pontiac manuscript referred to by =14=: 663. quoted on English policy toward Indians =18=: 548, 550.

=Parks, A.=, Governor of Alaska =46=: 31, 68.

=Parmelia Borreri= =33=: 63.

=Pármeliaceae= =33=: 63.

=Paroquet= carving of the =2=: 139. range of the =2=: 140.

=Paroquet People=, settlement in Shumopavi of the =8=: 27.

=Parosela Aurea= =33=: 94.

=Parosela Enneandra= =33=: 94.

=Parowan Pottery= =4=: 292.

=Parr, Harriet=, cited on Joan of Arc =14=: 935.

=Parrallelogrammic Form= of Tusayan buildings =8=: 102-118.

=Parris, Albion K.=, commissioner to treat with Cherokee =5=: 298, 305.

=Parroquet Dance= mention of =42=: 524. See also =Okȧdjibȧndjȧ Dance=.

=Parrot= feathers, appearance of, in Hopi pictures =21=: 69, 70, 92, 95, 98, 100, 105, 106, 112, 120. in Pima legend =28=: 46 sq. in Pima mythology =26=: 222, 224, 248. origin of =30=: 142. string figure of =38=: § 703. symbol in Dresden Codex =16=: 238. taming of =38=: § 716, 724.

=Parrot Clan=, size of =47=: 35.

=Parry, Captain ----=, =46=: 218, 230, 348.

=Parry, Dr. C. C.=, Pima vocabulary by =7=: 98; =26=: 269.

=Parry, Francis=, on use of stone yokes =25=: 259.

=Parry, William Edward= cited =6=: 410, 443, 444, 447, 451, 458, 464, 474, 475, 478, 487, 492, 494, 502, 509, 510, 517, 523, 533, 544, 545, 547, 552, 556, 557, 558, 559, 572, 574. description of Eskimo lamp by =9=: 106. on character of Eskimo women =9=: 420. on Eskimo amulets =9=: 436, 440. on Eskimo burials =9=: 426. on Eskimo diet =9=: 61. on Eskimo frocks =9=: 115. on Eskimo kaiaks =9=: 333. on Eskimo knives =9=: 157, 160. on Eskimo saws =9=: 174. on the music of the Eskimo =9=: 389. on treatment of Eskimo women =9=: 413, 414. works consulted =9=: 24.

=Parry-wah-say-men.= See =Päriăséaman=.

=Parsee Burial= =1=: 105, 106.

=Parsnip, Water=, place named for =30=: 86.

=Parsnip, Wild= in Cherokee lore =19=: 424 sq. in Eskimo bladder feast =18=: 380, 393.

=Parsons, Dr. Elsie Clews= contributor to Bureau =48=: 1189. myth recorded by =47=: 547. references to =40=: 548; =47=: 101. suggestion made by =47=: 94. theory of, regarding Katcina cult =47=: 903.

=Parsons, F. H.= aid rendered by =10=: XXI. collection made by =20=: 105, 106, 107.

=Parthenocissus=, medicinal use of =42=: 662.

=Parthenocissus Quinquefolia= mention of =33=: 102. use of =44=: 291, 307, 320.

=Parthenogenesis.= See =Conception=.

=Partial Cremation= mention of =1=: 150. North Carolina Indians =1=: 150, 151. scaffold burials and ossuaries =1=: 168.

=Participants=, number of, in Walpi Snake dance =19=: 979.

=Participial Mode=, Algonquian Cree =28=: 247. Fox =28=: 245, 260, 265, 271, 288. Ojibwa =28=: 245, 247, 271. Peoria =28=: 245. Shawnee =28=: 245, 265, 271. terminations for =28=: 245.

=Particles= adverbial =1=: 13. modal =1=: 13. pronominal =1=: 13. tense =1=: 13.

=Particular Exploits and Events= =4=: 214-218.

=Parting Song= =35=: 1307, 1309.

=Partisan=, signs for =1=: 384, 418.

=Partitions= in baskets =41=: 210. in Ketchipauan church =8=: 82. of upper story supported by beams =8=: 144.

=Partnership Corporations=, purposes of =20=: LXXXII.

=Parton, Eliza=, acknowledgment to =14=: 655.

=Parton, George=, acknowledgment to =14=: 655.

=Partridge, R. H.=, work of =24=: XXI.

=Partridge.= See =Pheasant=.

Partridge Clan, native name for =42=: 117.

=Partridge Creek, Ariz.= petroglyphs on =10=: 50. rock carvings on =4=: 30.

=Parts of Baskets=, terms used for =41=: 394 sq.

=Parturition= use of cords and knots in =9=: 570 sqq. See also =Childbirth=.

=Pasa= a busk medicine =42=: 547, 552. use of =42=: 604, 607, 608, 655. See also =War Physic=.

=Pascagoula= descendants of the, in Wolf clan =42=: 125, 150. reference to the =42=: 713. study of the =30=: 18. tribe of Choctaw Confederacy =19=: 500. See also =Paskagoula=.

=Päsĭnâ Tribe=, allies of the Apache =26=: 43.

=Paskagoula=, =Paskagula= a Biloxi division =15=: 164. and Biloxi, house burial of =1=: 124, 125. mortuary customs of the =13=: 21. See also =Pascagoula=.

=Pasketa= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Paski=, description of =21=: 117.

=Päskin´=, Ojibwa traditionist =19=: 1057 sq.

=Paso de Francia, Tex.=, road to =42=: 830.

=Paso y Troncoso= on name of Cempoalan temple =25=: 238. survey of Cempoalan by =25=: 234.

=Pasquaro=, visit of Mendoza to =14=: 478.

=Pasque Flower= mention of =33=: 80. use of =44=: 292. See also =Pulsatilla Hirsutissima=.

=Pass Creek=, archeologic remains on =15=: LIX, 100, 102.

=Passages.= See =Passageways=.

=Passageways= absence of, in Verde ruins =13=: 199. description of =8=: 180 sqq. in Casa Blanca =16=: 109. in cavate dwellings =13=: 222, 225, 227, 231, 232, 235; =17=: 542. in cliff dwellings =16=: 100. in Honanki =17=: 565. of Eskimo houses =18=: 243 sqq., 250. rarity of, at Oraibi =8=: 76. Shumopavi =8=: 74. Shupaulovi =8=: 72.

=Passailaique, Luis=, amulets found by =25=: 145.

=Passalus=, edible beetle =38=: § 224.

=Passamaquoddy Indians= birch-bark drawing by the =10=: 474. convention device of the =10=: 652. games of the =24=: dice games 82 sq. European games 792. racket 570 sq. ring and pin 528, 540 sq. snow-snake 406. myths of the =19=: 451. pictographic notice of condition, or wikhegan by =10=: 347-350. pictographic notice of direction by =10=: 339 sq. pictographs of, examined =10=: XII. present home of the =43=: 169. record of battle by the =10=: 560 sq. reference to the =28=: 290. shop accounts of the =10=: 259-262. tribal emblem of the =10=: 378 sq. visit of, to Washington =34=: 28. wikhegan or message to the President from =10=: 367. work among the =18=: XXVII, XXVIII, XXXIV sqq.

=Passamaquoddy Language= agreement of, with Piegan =28=: 231, 232. consonantic clusters in =28=: 259, 283. description of =28=: 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 289, 290. examples in comparison with =28=: Abnaki 239, 284. Algonkin 243, 265, 267, 273. Cree 238, 239, 243, 244, 257, 267, 284. Delaware 243, 267, 277, 278. Eastern Algonquian 257. Fox 239, 257, 258, 259, 267, 277, 284. Kickapoo 267. Menominee 238, 243, 267, 284. Micmac 284. Natick 243. Ojibwa 238, 243, 257, 258, 267, 268, 277, 278, 284. Ottawa 267. Penobscot 238, 284. Peoria 239, 267, 273, 277, 284. Sauk 267. Shawnee 239, 243, 256, 257, 258, 259, 267, 268, 273, 277, 278, 284. independent mode =28=: 268. indicative mode in =28=: 273. pronunciation of =28=: 228. reference to =28=: 225.

=Passé Indian=, of Brazil dyes used =10=: 222. man tattooed =38=: § 509. totem mark of the =4=: 167.

=Passos=, mention of, by La Salle =17=: 248.

=Paste= texture and color of =20=: Eastern United States pottery 54, 63. Florida Peninsula pottery 117, 121, 124. Gulf Coast pottery 106, 108, 111. Middle Atlantic Coast pipes 155, 158. Middle Atlantic Coast pottery 148, 152, 153. Middle Mississippi Valley pipes 99. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery 84, 86, 97. New Jersey-New England pottery 175, 177. Northwestern pottery 192 sq., 196, 198, 199, 200. South Appalachian pottery 132, 138. Southern and Northern pottery 187. Spanish olive jars 129. See also =Materials=; =Texture=.

=Pastimes= of the Eskimo =9=: 364. See also =Games=, and names of various games.

=Pastoliak= =46=: 199.

=Pastolik= ceremonial objects from =18=: 406 =sq.=, 413 =sq.= description of =18=: 246. implements and utensils from =18=: 69, 95, 140, 156, 159, 164, 193. manufactures from =18=: 200. mention of =46=: 75-78, 82, 164, 170, 195, 199, 217, 295. people of =18=: 26. skeletal parts from =46=: 314, 317.

=Pastolik Crania= basiofacial diameters =46=: 279-282. dental arch =46=: 276. facial =46=: 266. facial angles =46=: 285. means =46=: 286. mention of =46=: 257, 259, 262, 263. nose =46=: 268, 270. orbits =46=: 274.

=Pastor=, game of, Tigua =24=: 195.

=Pá-tádal or Pa´tadal= influence of, in Ghost dance =14=: 914. party against Navaho led by =17=: 322. Sarsi descent of =17=: 160. surrender of =17=: 206, 211. See also =Poor Buffalo=.

=Patagonia= arrow-chipping in =13=: 139. collections from =18=: XLVII; =20=: XXIV. field work in =20=: IX, XI. researches in =21=: XII. use of bolas in =13=: 95. work among natives of =18=: XXIX. work in =19=: XVIII.

=Pataoua=, tripod for slinging hammock =38=: § 482.

=Pataua Oil= =38=: § 25.

=Patcosk=, description of =21=: 99.

=Pateatlan.= See =Petatlan=.

=Patents= to Indian tribes, title under =18=: 642 =sq.=

=Pa-tepte or Patepte= a Kiowa leader =24=: 285. dó-á game led by =17=: 347. effort of, to restore buffalo =17=: 349. See also =Dátekâñ=.

=Pater Noster.= See =Lord’s Prayer=.

=Paternal Social Organization=, study of =18=: XXXIX, XLI.

=Paternity=, indefinite, among the Indians =11=: 271.

=Paterramett=, a Wawenock at Falmouth conference =43=: 174.

=Path of Life= in rituals =39=: 259.

=Pa´thĕskĕ=, account of =14=: 700.

=Pa´thiⁿgahige=, group under =27=: 178, 181.

=P̣a´-thiⁿ-wa-we-xta=, an informant =36=: 272.

=Pathkiller=, relief of =19=: 90.

=Pathology= of bones =46=: 109, 320, 366. of teeth =46=: 309.

=Pathway=, obstruction of =38=: § 291.

=Patient= arrangement of room for =35=: 734. articles extracted from bodies of =23=: 501. practicing upon =23=: 493.

=Patiño, Alonzo=, on Cempoalan ruins =25=: 233.

=Patki= Ahülani, the returning sun of the =21=: 122. introduction of Añya katcinas by =21=: 45.

=Patki or Cloud Clan= advent of, at Walpi =19=: 585. affiliation of, with Walpi =21=: 29. altar in house of =21=: 29. and Walpi relations =19=: 597. dramatization of return of ancients of =21=: 16. Hopi katcinas derived from =21=: 124. original home of =19=: 596. participants in Tawa Paholawû members of =21=: 31. prayer-stick making of the old house of =21=: 31. throwing of meal at, by Pautiwa =21=: 26.

=Patki Clans= abandonment of pueblos on Little Colorado River by, causes of =22, i=: 22. advent of, into Tusayan =19=: 626. census of =19=: 599 sqq. chiefs of =22, i=: 24. former habitat of =22, i=: 23, 24. Hopi, references to =28=: 142, 218. house of, entrance of Pamürti procession into =21=: 28. house of, Lalakoñtû winter assemblage held in =21=: 39. house of, serpent effigies kept in =21=: 51. introduction of Lalakoñti into Tusayan by the =21=: 58. mention of =19=: 596-603. migrations of =19=: 596 sq. Pima, reference to =28=: 35. probable derivation of Añya katcina and Zuñi Kokokci from =21=: 94. See also =Patki Clan=.

=Patki Group=, component clans of =19=: 583.

=Patki People= early migrations of the =17=: 574. southern origin of the =17=: 529, 568.

=Pat-ki-nyûmú=, the Hopi Water-House phratry =13=: 188.

=Patne= in Antelope altar =19=: 968.

=Patois Fish=, string figure of =38=: § 705.

=Patol=, game of =24=: 122, 146, 148, 151, 152, 190-194.

=Patos Island.= See =Isla Patos=.

=Patricio=, narrative of, in signs =1=: 505.

=Patrick, ----=, quoted on Potawatomi Prophet’s dance =14=: 706.

=Patrick, Daniel=, purchase of land by =18=: 616.

=Patrick, H. R.=, on ancient irrigation ditches =28=: 114.

=Patrick, Dr. John B.= collection of =12=: 133. peculiar arrangement of shells in a mound mentioned by =12=: 361. time chart sent by =4=: 93.

=Patrilineal Descent= among the Foxes =40=: 341. among the Quapaw =42=: 696. reference to =40=: 161.

=Patriot, Ind.=, mention of mound at =42=: 789.

=Patriotism= of the Indians =7=: 36.

=Pätso`gáte=, death of =17=: 349.

=Patszro= appearance of, in Soyaluña =21=: 25. description of =21=: 80. personation of, in Powamû =21=: 32.

=Patszro Katcina=, comparison of, with others =21=: 81.

=Patten’s Valley=, origin of rock etchings in =4=: 25, 26.

=Patterns= bitten in birch-bark =44=: 390-395. for beadwork =44=: 390. in basketry =38=: § 444. in pottery =38=: § 94. in weaving =38=: § 105-114.

=Patterson, Roger= on amounts of wild rice harvested =19=: 1077. on destruction of wild rice by storms =19=: 1100. on drowning of wild rice =19=: 1099. on Ojibwa curing wild rice =19=: 1066. on Ojibwa gathering wild rice =19=: 1062. on Ojibwa thrashing wild rice =19=: 1068, 1069, 1070. on Ojibwa tying wild rice =19=: 1059. on reliability of wild rice crop =19=: 1099. on winnowing of wild rice =19=: 1070.

=Patterson and Brown Mission= =14=: 946.

=Patties, The= journeys of =26=: 30. reference to =28=: 62.

=Patton, Rev. F.=, tradition related by =44=: 177.

=Patuñ=, description of =21=: 116.

=Patuñ or Squash Clan= advent of, at Walpi =19=: 585. advent of, into Tusayan =19=: 626. migrations of, in ceremonials =19=: 595 sq. original home and migrations of =19=: 595 sq.

=Patuñ Group=, component clans of =19=: 583.

=Patuñ People=, former inhabitants of Homolobi =22, i=: 24.

=Patuñ Phratry=, southern origin of =17=: 529.

=Patuñ-Piba-Patki Societies= =19=: 627-630.

=Patuxent River= operations along =13=: XXVI. quartz tools found on the =15=: 137. steatite quarries on the =15=: 125.

=Pauixiana= employ curare to stupefy toucan =38=: § 122. using ruffs, tippets =38=: § 538.

=Paukooshuck’s Band= cession of reserve by =18=: 758. See also =Aubbenaubbee’s Band=.

=Paul’s Conference= of Iroquois tribes =43=: 455.

=Paullinia= for fish poison =38=: § 208. for tying rafts =38=: § 802. mention of =38=: § 247.

=Paullinia Sorbilis.= See =Cupana=.

=Pausch, A.= =46=: 371.

=Pautiwa=; =Paútiwa=; =Pau´tiwa= account of =47=: 908-914. and Sälämobia masks compared =15=: 309. appearance of, in Powamû festival =21=: 36. chief of masked gods =47=: 521. coming of =23=: 137. connection of, with Pakab clan =21=: 25. departure of =23=: 139. god, derivation of =21=: 125. god, description of picture of =21=: 59. god, personation of, in Pamürti =21=: 26, 27. god, personators from Teivato kiva led by =21=: 48. god, resemblance between symbolic design of, and that of Cipikne =21=: 60. Hopi Eagle clan chief, references to =19=: 579, 608. impersonation of =47=: 692. personator of =23=: 130. selection of personator of =23=: 126. the chief Katcina =47=: 845. visit of =47=: 23.

=Pauwai= knapsack =38=: § 450. leaf basket =38=: § 453.

=Pavant=, number names of =19=: 869.

=Paving= Shupaulovi kiva =8=: 126.

=Paving Stones= of kiva floor, how finished =8=: 125.

=Paviotso= application of the term =14=: 1048. population of =7=: 110.

=Pavlof=, village =46=: 189.

=Pavaoakaci.= See =Moisture Tablet=.

=Pawhuska=, village at =36=: 45.

=Pawik=, Eskimo village =46=: 189.

=Pawik= appearance of, in Soyaluña =21=: 25. derivation of =21=: 125. description of =21=: 78. personation of, at Nacab kiva in 1893 =21=: 50. personation of, in Pamürti =21=: 27.

=Pawik Katcina=, ceremony described =15=: 299.

=Pawikpa=, same as O^rpinp´o =19=: 614.

=Pawkees= =4=: 227.

=Pawnee= and Arapaho warfare =14=: 954. Arapaho attack on the =17=: 276. armor of the =13=: 288. arrows of the =13=: 287. bent spears used by the =13=: 285. ceremonies of, studied by James R. Murie =36=: 27. ceremony of the =19=: 413. Cheyenne and Kiowa slaughter of =17=: 175. cholera among the =17=: 290. chronology of the =17=: 370. chungke game among the =13=: 99. defeated by the Ponca =27=: 446. divisions and habitat of the =7=: 60, 61, 113. dramatic ritual of the =23=: XXXIX. early relations of, with French =27=: 81. field work among the =22, i=: XIV, XXXVII, XLIV. games of the =24=: archery 383, 386. dice games 99-102. double ball 657 sq. hand game 269, 274 sqq. hoop and pole 420, 463-469. shinny 625. snow-snake 409. swing 730. Ghost dance among the =14=: 902, 927. habitat of the =17=: 248; =27=: 88 sq. Hako ceremony =21=: XXXI. Hako ceremony, monograph on =23=: XXXVIII. Hako ceremony, record obtained as =21=: XII. Hako ritual of, phonographic record of =23=: XVI. Hethu´shka society among the =27=: 460. hunting ground of the =27=: 89. influence of Ghost dance on the =14=: 926. Kiowa fights with the =17=: 286, 290, 293. Kiowa hostility to =17=: 160. Kiowa name for the =17=: 259. Kiowa peace making with the =17=: 333. land cessions and reservations =18=: 750, 780, 818, 858, 884, 946. medicine arrow of, pictographically represented =10=: 503. mention of the =4=: 102, 127, 131, 135, 139, 141, 142, 143, 144. mode of hair dressing =14=: 394. mythology of the =23=: XXXVIII sq.; =24=: 730. myths and beliefs of the =19=: 445 sq., 451, 462 sq., 473, 505. name of the Arapaho =14=: 954. name of the Kiowa Apache =14=: 1081. name of the Ponca =27=: 43. name of the Sioux =14=: 1057. Omaha name for the =27=: 102. origin of name of =17=: 291. Osage hostility to =17=: 295. outlawry of the =17=: 172. paper on the Hako ceremony of =22, ii=: 1-368. pictographs on wood by =10=: 214. population of the =7=: 62. pottery making by the =20=: 58 sq., 199 sq. raid on Kiowa horses by the =17=: 305. removal of, to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) =5=: 360; =17=: 333. settlement of, on Cherokee Strip =19=: 151. slaves among the Menomini =14=: 35. smallpox among the =17=: 168, 275. Spanish influence through =27=: 114. study of fraternities and cults of =19=: XLVIII. Tewa name for the =29=: 575, 578. tribal designations of the =10=: 386. Wa´baçka’s defeat of =27=: 406 sqq. war customs of the =17=: 161, 259. warfare with Omaha =27=: 87. Wa´waⁿ ceremony of =27=: 377, 379 sqq., 400.

=Pawnee Loup Indians=, notice of war party by =10=: 336.

=Pawnee Music=, work done on, by Miss F. Densmore =41=: 12 sq.

=Pawnee (Skidi) Indians=, hoop and pole game of the =24=: 469.

=Pax=, symbol, reference to =16=: 229.

=Paxiuba Palm= flutes made from =30=: 229. See also =Iriartea=.

=Paxton, William A.=, brought first Texas cattle to Dakota =4=: 125.

=Paxton Boys=, massacre of Conestogas by =20=: 165.

=Pay= of midwife =35=: 670. of twin’s mother =35=: 670.

=Paya, Honduras=, method of forming numbers =19=: 915.

=Payara.= See =Morocot=.

=Pa´yatämu=, distinction in name of =23=: 409.

=Paye.= See =Piai=.

=Payment= dependent on rank of debtor =35=: 731. for cauterizing =35=: 696. of Indian medicine-men =9=: 467 sq. to wood-carvers =35=: 1339.

=Payne, Mrs. E. C. M.=, work of =48=: 5.

=Payne, E. J.=, on changes in languages =21=: 18.

=Payne, J. F.=, report on Warm Springs reservations by =18=: 946

=Payne, J. H.= arrest of =19=: 122 sq. on Cherokee myths =19=: 436, 440, 442. on New-Fire ceremony by Cherokee =19=: 502 sq. on sacred square of the Creeks =19=: 502.

=Payne’s Landing=, treaty of =18=: 734.

=Payüpki or Payupki= a ruin in Tusayan =17=: 578, 583. description of =8=: 59 sq. finish of masonry at =8=: 142. fragment of passage wall at =8=: 181. migration legend of =8=: 40. possible origin of =17=: 584. tradition concerning pueblo of =8=: 40.

=Pea=, a forage plant =45=: 516.

=Pea Ridge=, Cherokee participants in battle of =19=: 149.

=Pea, Wild= use of =44=: 290, 336, 376. See also =Lathyrus Venosus=.

=Peabody, Dr. Charles=, cave explored by =26=: XIII.

=Peabody House=, reference to =29=: 16.

=Peabody Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge= acknowledgments to =20=: 16; =37=: 48. collections in =4=: 367. collections of Miami Valley ware in =20=: 184. gift to =42=: 786. mention of =46=: 235. on Mayan inscriptions in =19=: 700. references to =19=: 699; =28=: 119.

=Peabody Museum Report= account of Ohio Valley figurines in =20=: 183, 184. accounts of Middle Mississippi Valley pottery in =20=: 87. on “White Buffalo Ceremony” =27=: 284.

=Peace= a principle of justice =20=: LXXIX. and friendship, profession of, pictographically represented =10=: 359-362. calumet symbol of =27=: 207. ceremonies at Tiguex =14=: 496. dominating ideas of the busk =42=: 548. embassies, Iroquois =19=: 109, 352, 353-356, 365, 367-370, 485-488, 491-494. form of making, at Acoma =14=: 491. importance attached to =27=: 211 sq. in control of Council of Seven =27=: 209. limitations of =42=: 549. making, form of =47=: 23. making of =42=: 441 sqq., 706. making of, among Kiowa and Pawnee =17=: 334. making of, ceremony of =44=: 239 sq. Nini´batoⁿ divisions associated with =27=: 201. ratification of =38=: § 777. rites for preservation of =27=: 195. signals for =1=: 530, 534, 535. signs for =1=: 438. symbol of, the red plume =36=: 134. symbolism connected with =11=: 523. treaties between tribes =46=: 404. with another tribe, Omaha mode of making =3=: 368.

=Peace Bed.= See =Heniha’s Bed=.

=Peace Clans=, application of the term =42=: 165.

=Peace Color= =42=: 37.

=Peace Council= of 1872 =17=: 190.

=Peace Gens.= See =Ṭsi´-Zhu Wa-shta´-ge Gens=.

=Peace Gens of the Hoⁿ´-ga=, chief chosen from the =43=: 36.

=Peace Gens of the Ṭsi´zhu=, chief chosen from the =43=: 36.

=Peace Gentes=, prominent in child-naming rites =43=: 33.

=Peace-making.= See =Peace=.

=Peace Pipe= a life symbol =36=: 126. among the Siouan tribes =15=: 169. Menomini tradition of =14=: 218. of the Cherokee =19=: 503. of the Sioux =14=: 1062. See also =Pipe=; =Pipes=; =Pipes of Peace=.

=Peace Towns=, Indian =19=: 207 sq.

=Peaceful Day Subgens= of Red-Eagle gens =36=: 127.

=Peacemaker=, office of =36=: 54, 276.

=Peacemaker Gens=, hair cut of the =43=: 89 sq.

=Peach Palm.= See =Paripi=.

=Peach Springs, Ariz.=, petroglyphs near =10=: 50.

=Peaches= among the Cherokee =19=: 214. cultivation of, near Sikyatki =17=: 646. groves of, in Canyon de Chelly =16=: 88. in Zuñi, source of =13=: 332. introduction of, by Spaniards =16=: 88. introduction of, in Oraibi =17=: 604. introduction of, into Pueblo country =14=: 550. of the Hopi =17=: 639. planted by the Asa people =8=: 30.

=Peachlands, Miss.= description of =42=: 826. mention of =42=: 825.

=Peachstone Game= dice game, Cayuga =24=: 112 sq. dice game, Seneca =24=: 116 sq.

=Peacock= Cherokee legend of =19=: 399 sq. Indian’s use of feathers of =19=: 504.

=Peah=, amounts of wild rice harvested by =19=: 1076.

=Peah Ute=, standard of life of =19=: 1079.

=Peak.= See =Wampum=.

=Peake, ----= =46=: 45, 47, 49.

=Peale, ----= on hide dressing with adze =13=: 169. on stone chipping =13=: 141.

=Peale, A. C.=, aid rendered by =10=: XXI.

=Pear, Avocado= =38=: § 246.

=Pearce, J. E.= collections made by =41=: 20, 43, 72. work of =40=: 4; =41=: 14 sq., 38 sq.

=Pearl Everlasting= =44=: 286, 362.

=Pearl-Shell Maker= =35=: 1271.

=Pearl Shells= =35=: 1270.

=Pearls= on coast of Gulf of California =14=: 350. perforated for beads =2=: 225. used by the Powhatan =2=: 232. worn by the upper classes =42=: 685.

=Pearson, C.= =46=: 316.

=Pebble Society= explanation of teachings of =27=: 570 sq. general account of =27=: 265 sq. magic in =27=: 565, 580 sq., 583, 602. opening ritual of =27=: 568-571. references to =27=: 171, 172 relation of, to Shell society =27=: 529, 581. rituals for sweat lodge =27=: 571-578. “shooting” of members of =27=: 530, 537. songs of =27=: 566 sq., 579.

=Pebbles= kept in mouth as protection against ghosts =31=: 466. Seri use of, as tools and weapons =17=: 234*-246*, 248*, 255*. See also =Stone=.

=Pecan Island, La.=, mounds of =43=: 14.

=Pecan Point= death’s-head vases from =20=: 98. pottery from =4=: 369, 381, 390, 391, 392, 396, 397, 398, 404, 406-409, 410, 417, 422.

=Peccary= eaten by Pima =26=: 80. head of, in clay =34=: 121. See also =Bush-Hog=.

=Pech=, definition of =16=: 247.

=Pechita=, meaning of the term =26=: 29.

=Peck, E. J.=, influence of, on Indians =11=: 182.

=Peck, J. M.=, cited =12=: 695.

=Pecked Implements= materials used for =15=: 97. of various kinds =15=: 26, 103.

=Pecos= conference at =45=: 7. labors of Friar Descalona at =14=: 401. ruin of pueblo, situation of =23=: 15. visited by Spaniards =14=: LVII, 391. work of expedition of 1879 at =23=: 15, 16. See also =Cicuye=.

=Pecos Indians= data on =29=: 477, 478. early homes of =29=: 474. language of =29=: 37. names for =29=: 472, 473, 576. reference to =29=: 259.

=Pecos Pueblo=, Act of Congress affecting =18=: 920.

=Pecos River= crossed by Spaniards =14=: 504. See also =Rio Pecos=.

=Pecten Shells= used as implements =2=: 206. used as ornaments =2=: 189, 261. used as rattles =2=: 190, 206. used as vessels =2=: 189. used in art =2=: 189.

=Pectis=, use of, for perfumery =30=: 83.

=Pectunculus Shells= clay imitation of, from Kisakobi =22, i=: 91. manufacture of rings from =2=: 263. ornaments made of =22, i=: 88 sq., 91; =28=: 143 sq.

=Pecuah= symbol in Maya Codex =16=: 229.

=Pedee=, divisions of the =15=: 165.

=Pe´degahi=, information obtained from =27=: 558 sq.

=Pedernal=, use of the word =44=: 96.

=Pedestals= eastern United States pottery, recentness of =20=: 25, 42 sq. Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 119, 128. See also =Bases=.

=Pedestrian Habit= of the Seri =17=: 149*-152*, 157*.

=Pedicularis Bracteosa= =45=: 467, 500.

=Pedicularis Racemosa= =45=: 467.

=Pedra Lavrada, Brazil= =10=: 157.

=Pedreria=, European game, Tewa =24=: 797, 798.

=Pedro Pablo Romero.= See =Romero=.

=P̣e´-dse-moⁿ-iⁿ=, an informant =39=: 213.

=Peepinohwaw’s Band= cession of reserve by =18=: 760. reservation for =18=: 740.

=Pe-ep´tcĭlt`k`=, Pima village =26=: 23.

=Peet, Dr. Stephen D.= cited =12=: 533, 670. engagement of, as temporary assistant =12=: 19. exploration of effigy mound by =12=: 98. on Galisteo =29=: 482. on Indian beliefs =11=: 520. on Jemez =29=: 403. opinion of, with reference to effigy mounds =12=: 532. theory of, regarding linear mounds =37=: 83. work of =7=: XVII, XVIII.

=Peet, Timothy=, acknowledgment to =17=: 147.

=Pegall=, Creole term for a cover basket =38=: § 430, 433, 441-446.

=Pegs= deer horn used as, in Zuñi =8=: 111. for suspending kiva fuel =8=: 121. of the Kwakiutl =35=: 74 sq., 88, 90.

=Pehtuck.= See =Klamath=.

=Peïto=, male unit, warrior, etc. =38=: § 740.

=Pejequde=, tent of =13=: 273, 274.

=Pek= symbol in Maya Codex =16=: 229.

=Pekokalil=, application of the term =16=: 248.

=Pekwin= altar of =47=: 659. duties of =47=: 512 sq. priest of the sun =47=: 512, 659. retreat of =47=: 659.

=Pe´kwĭn=, meal painting made by =23=: 115.

=Pela-Pillaana=, meaning of =16=: 231.

=Pele= =33=: 295, 303, 638, 644, 645.

=Pelican= a life symbol =36=: 85. sacred symbol of old age =36=: 71. Seri method of catching and eating =17=: 190* sq. Seri use of skin of, in making clothing =17=: 171*, 231* sq. vision of the aged =36=: 84-88.

=Pelkamū´lôx Chief=, life of =45=: 265 sqq.

=Pelloatpallah=, a Pä´lus synonym =14=: 735, 745.

=Peloose=, a Pä´lus synonym =14=: 735.

=Pelote=, Nahuatl game =28=: 94.

=Pemabeme=, Menomini treaty signer =14=: 28.

=Pembina= =33=: 115.

=Pembina Chippewa= land cessions and reservations =18=: 828, 862, 936. purchase of land for =18=: 847.

=Pemmenaw=, use of, in weaving =13=: 23.

=Pemmican= an Indian food =23=: XII. derivation of =14=: 1067. Ghost song reference to =14=: 991. preparation of =14=: 1067. preparation of, with stone implements =13=: 88. used by Plains tribes =14=: 528.

=Pen Mar, Pa.=, trail through =42=: 760.

=Peña Blanca=, formerly inhabited by the Hano =8=: 35.

=Peñafiel, Antonio= on a Cempoalan building =25=: 241. on American cavern symbol =16=: 223. on name Nautzinlan =25=: 260. on Seri name =17=: 95. on symbolism of Zacatla =16=: 244.

=Penalty Wi´-gi-e= =39=: 47 sqq., 51 sq.

=Pe´nä´nde=, a Comanche band =14=: 1045.

=Peñasco Blanco= method of roof construction at =8=: 150. occurrence of upright stone slabs at =8=: 148.

=Pe´nätĕka or Pénätĕka= a Comanche division or band =14=: 1045; =17=: 162, 164. Ghost dance among the =14=: 901. habitat of the, in 1860 =17=: 308. migration of the =14=: 1044.

=Penates=, Siouan =11=: 475.

=Pend d’Oreille= account of the =14=: 731. association of, with other tribes =45=: 319 sqq. bands of =45=: 311 sq. basketry of the =41=: 141, 154, 155. characteristics of the =45=: 325. country occupied by the =45=: 308. dialect of the =45=: 303. games of the =24=: hoop and pole 490. shinny 632. stick games 250. Indian names for the =45=: 296, 297, 299. intercourse of, with other tribes =45=: 323. land cessions and reservations =18=: 808 sqq., 856, 858. land treaty with the =14=: 731. list of chiefs of the =45=: 377. location of the =45=: 37. main seat of the =45=: 311, 312. name of, in sign language =45=: 145. origin of the name =45=: 296. past habitat of (about 1890) =14=: 805. population of, about 1805 =45=: 314. present day population of =45=: 315. region evacuated by the =45=: 319. tradition of the =45=: 321. tribal sign for the =1=: 473. wars of, with Coeur d’Alêne =45=: 121-124.

=Pendants= beads used as =2=: 230. classification of =2=: 255, 267. engraved =2=: 267, 305. for needlecases, Eskimo =18=: 104. forms and sizes of =2=: 255, 258, 261, 263. found in St. Vincent area =34=: 122 sq. historic use of =2=: 255, 268. illustrated by Lafitau =2=: 257. illustrated in De Bry =2=: 257. illustrated in Mexican paintings =2=: 257. illustrated in sculptures of Mexico and Yucatan =2=: 258. importance of, in evolution of art =2=: 255. jadeite =34=: 75. mention of =25=: 109, 192; =34=: 114. of bone =44=: 136 sq. of sea-lion tooth =44=: 137. of shell =2=: 209, 255. of stone =34=: 232 sq.; =44=: 103. of the Atlantic coast =2=: 258. origin of use of =2=: 255. ornamental notching of edges of =2=: 262. perforations of =2=: 255, 261. plain, of the Atlantic coast =2=: 258. plain, of the Pacific coast =2=: 260. stone, Casa Grande =28=: 131. to necklaces =45=: 82. various uses of =2=: 255, 261, 267.

=Pendleton Town Site=, sale of land for =18=: 805.

=Peneda, Alonzo Alvarez de=, expedition of =25=: 274.

=Penelakut=, hand game of the =24=: 301.

=Penelope.= See =Marudi=.

=Penetration= of arrows =14=: 280.

=Pénicaut, ----=, Osage mentioned by =15=: 192.

=Penishka, Jack=, assistance rendered by =33=: 46.

=Penn, T. G.=, describes Penn belt =2=: 259.

=Penn, W.=, on head ornaments to denote marriageability =13=: 126.

=Penn, William= charter granted to =18=: 551. Indian policy of 1=8=: 592 sqq., 597, 599. treaty with Delawares by =19=: 497.

=Penn Wampum Belt= history of =10=: 231. mention of =6=: 233.

=Pennacook= language, classification of =28=: 290. plummet-like sinkers of the =13=: 111.

=Pennant, T.=, on Quivira =29=: 566.

=Pennant, Thomas=, quoted on magic knots =9=: 569, 578.

=Penney, Capt. C. G.=, appointment of, as Indian agent =14=: 887.

=Pennsylvania= blending of Iroquoian and Algonquian wares in =20=: 175. butterfly gorgets from =13=: 123. designs from vases from =20=: 171. explorations in =12=: 494-503. field work in =27=: 7. Indian policy of =18=: 569, 591-599. Indians of, bark stripping by =13=: 109. Monongahela City, mounds and graves near =12=: 496. Monongahela Valley, ancient works in =12=: 499-503. occurrence of exotic decoration in =20=: 176. petroglyphs in =10=: 106-113, 678. pictographs in =4=: 20, 158, 224 sq., 226 sq. pipes of =20=: 45, 173. pottery of =20=: 21, 165 sqq. relation of pottery of, to that of the Northwest =20=: 194. researches in =29=: 10. shaft rubber from =13=: 126. stemmed flint from =13=: 155. western, trail in =42=: 749. work in =7=: XVIII; =8=: XXII sq. SEE ALSO =Potomac-Chesapeake Province=.

=Penny, ----=, cited =6=: 425.

=Penny River=, site at =46=: 90.

=Pennyroyal= medicinal use of =43=: 265. native American =14=: 517, 528. rough =33=: 112.

=Penobscot Families=, territory held by =43=: 170.

=Penobscot Indians= games of the =24=: dice games 84. racket 571. ring and pin 528, 529, 541 sq. snow-snake 406 sq. notice of direction by =10=: 338 sq. peace made by, for absent tribes =43=: 174. pictographs by, examined =10=: XII. possible union of, with Wawenock =43=: 171. present home of =43=: 169. reference to the =28=: 290. sale of land by the =18=: 609, 611. tribal emblem of the =10=: 379.

=Penobscot Language= description of =28=: 280 sq., 282 sq., 284, 285, 287, 289, 290. examples in comparison with =28=: Abnaki 239. Algonkin 267. Cree 238, 267, 269, 279. Delaware 267, 269, 279. Eastern Algonquian 269. Fox 239. Kickapoo 267. Malecite 269, 279. Menominee 238, 267. Montagnais 267, 279. Ojibwa 238, 267, 269, 279. Ottawa 267. Passamaquoddy 239, 267. Peoria 239, 267, 269. Sauk 267. Shawnee 239, 267. indicative mode in =28=: 269. material on, reference to =43=: 177. vocabulary of, obtained =10=: XVII.

=Penobscot River=, abundance of pottery on =20=: 179.

=Penoname=, Menomini treaty commissioner =14=: 21.

=Pensacola= derivation of the name =42=: 683. otter skin mantles from =42=: 682. Spanish possession of =19=: 68. trails from =42=: 828. treaty of =18=: 560.

=Pensacola Bay= pottery of =20=: 105 sq. resemblance of Florida Peninsula pottery to that of =20=: 128. westward extension of Florida and Appalachian ware to =20=: 104. See also =Mobile-Pensacola=.

=Pentaclethra=, timber for firestick =38=: § 1.

=Pentagonal Mesh=, in weaving =38=: § 110.

=Pentstemon= species of, used medicinally =42=: 667. use of =45=: 467, 468, 493, 515.

=Pentstemon Confertus= =45=: 473, 493.

=Pentstemon Confertus Coeruleo-Purpureus= =45=: 467, 476, 493.

=Pentstemon Douglasii= =45=: 465, 468.

=Pentstemon Grandiflorus= =33=: 114.

=Pentstemon Scouleri= =45=: 465, 515.

=Peon= hand game of =24=: 267. played by the =24=: Kawia 310. Mission Indians 326. Mohave 327. Papago 295. Saboba 313. Tobikhar 314 sq. Yuma 327.

=People=, Serian and Yuman names for =17=: 321*-324*.

=People of One Fire=, use of the term =42=: 250.

=Peoples= concerned =20=: Eastern United States pottery 21 sq. explanation of difference between northern and southern pottery by 145. Florida Peninsula pottery 115 sq., 128. Gulf Coast pottery 104, 105. Iroquoian pottery 159, 164, 165. Lower Mississippi Valley pottery 102. Middle Atlantic Coast pottery 146, 150, 152 sq., 158. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery 81 sq. New Jersey-New England pottery 178, 179. Northwestern pottery 187 sq., 195, 197-200. Ohio Valley pottery 183, 184, 186. South Appalachian pottery 130, 131 sq., 137, 139, 142-145. Southern and Northern pottery 145 sq. stamped ware 122. value of pottery in study of history of =20=: 18, 19, 21 sq. See also =History=.

=Peoria= culture hero of =40=: 375. land cessions and reservations =18=: 672, 742, 794, 842 sqq., 930. population of the =7=: 50; =19=: 1108, 1110.

=Peoria Bottom, Dakota=, Sans Arc dirt lodges at =4=: 109.

=Peoria Language= certain forms in =28=: 239. conjunctive mode in =28=: 234, 245, 260, 261, 265, 267, 268, 269, 273. consonantic clusters in =28=: 283. description of =28=: 261 sq., 265-269, 270 sqq. dictionary and grammar, preparation of =24=: XX; =25=: XIX. dictionary, manuscript of =29=: 23. examples in comparison with =28=: Abnaki 238, 239, 283, 284. Algonkin 233, 250, 251, 259, 260, 261, 265, 267, 268, 269, 273. Cheyenne 233, 234. Cree 238, 239, 243, 244, 245, 247, 251, 252, 256, 257, 261, 262, 265, 267, 269, 274, 278, 279, 283, 284, 288. Cree-Montagnais 259. Delaware 238, 239, 256, 257, 261, 265, 267, 268, 275, 277, 279, 284. Eastern Algonquian 257, 269. Fox 238, 239, 244, 245, 251, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 262, 265, 267, 269, 274, 275, 278, 279, 283, 284, 288. Kickapoo 259, 267. Menominee 238, 244, 250, 251, 257, 259, 261, 262, 265, 267, 279, 283. Micmac 238, 256, 260, 279, 284, 288. Montagnais 278, 279. Moose Cree 262. Natick 233, 238, 239, 250, 251, 265, 273, 274, 279. Ojibwa 238, 239, 244, 247, 250, 251, 256, 257, 259, 261, 262, 267, 269, 274, 275, 278, 279, 283, 284. Ottawa 250, 251, 252, 259, 260, 261, 262, 265, 267, 268, 269. Passamaquoddy 239, 267, 273, 277, 283. Penobscot 238, 283. Potawatomi 259, 262, 265, 268, 269. Sauk 259, 267, 288. Shawnee 238, 239, 256, 257, 259, 261, 262, 265, 267, 269, 273, 274, 277, 278, 279, 283, 284. Stockbridge 238, 284. grammar and vocabulary of =23=: XVIII, XXXVI. independent mode in =28=: 259, 265, 269. indicative mode in =28=: 259, 273. participial mode in =28=: 245. relationships of =28=: 233, 238, 289, 290b. study of the =14=: XLI; =15=: XXIII, XXVI, XXXI, XXXV, XXXIX, XLIV, XLIX, LXI, LXXXII. subjunctive mode in =28=: 245, 260, 265, 268, 269.

=Pepinawaw.= See =Peepinohwaw=.

=Pepo Foetidissima= =33=: 116.

=Pepo Maxima= =33=: 118.

=Pepo Pepo= =33=: 117.

=Pepper, George H.= acknowledgment to =36=: 73. quoted on specimens from St. Vincent =34=: 116.

=Pepper= burning of, for defense =30=: 293. drinking of, at captaincy ordeal =38=: § 745. increase of, belief concerning =30=: 269. occlusion of vision by =30=: 298 sq., 300, 301. used in ordeals =30=: 310. See also =Chile=.

=Pepper-pot= mention of =38=: § 163. preparation of =30=: 303.

=Peppergrass=, medicinal use of =43=: 265.

=Peppermint=, medicinal use of =43=: 265.

=Pequot Indians= account of =18=: 613. band of, at Scatticook =43=: 211. extermination of =43=: 207. linguistic affinity of, with Mohegan =43=: 208. petition for English protection by =18=: 617. population of the =43=: 213. proportion of, among Mohegan =43=: 207 sq. relation of, to Mahican =43=: 215. significance of the name =43=: 218. synonymy for =43=: 221. warlike character of the =43=: 218. See also =Mohegan=.

=Peramium Decipiens= =45=: 492.

=Perch= cutting of =35=: 410. fishing of =35=: 183. Koskimo manner of cooking =35=: 411. Kwakiutl manner of cooking =35=: 411. mention of =35=: 410-413. roasted =35=: 413. trap for =35=: 159.

=Perch Disease=, symptoms and treatment of =42=: 647.

=Perch-Oil= for mixing paint =35=: 94. mention of =35=: 633, 657, 666, 671, 679, 704. polishing wood with =35=: 148.

=Percussion Musical Instruments= =38=: § 573-581.

=Perdido Bay= pottery of =20=: 105, 106 sq. pottery of, resemblance of, to that of Choctawhatchee Bay =20=: 108.

=Perea, E.=, Southwestern missionaries brought by =13=: 327.

=Perea, Estevan de=, on Acoma =29=: 545.

=Peresianus Codex= cauac day symbol in =16=: 259. chuen symbol in =16=: 241. eb symbol in =16=: 243. ix symbol in =16=: 248. kan symbol in =16=: 226. mention of =3=: 19. oc symbol in =16=: 239.

=Perez, ----=, on calendars =3=: 38, 40.

=Perez, Alonzo=, companion of Coronado =14=: 597.

=Perez, Joaquin=, on areito =25=: 69.

=Perez, Don Juan Pio= on formation of Mayan number names =19=: 866. on meaning of =16=: chacbolay 226. chicchan 230. choah 234. chuc 232. edznab 259. hchom 225. hok 241. ikel 220. kankanil 228. lemba 236. len 235. mech, ixmech 213. pokchetah 247. tok 232. tzac 241. quoted by Brinton on Mayan numerals =19=: 891, 892, 894. quoted by Goodman on Copan inscriptions =19=: 784.

=Perez, Melchior=, mention of slave of =14=: 592.

=Perez de Bocanegra, Hernand(o)=, testimony of =14=: 596.

=Perez de Ribas, Andres.= See =Ribas=.

=Perezia Wrightii=, Pima styptic =26=: 80.

=Perforated Stones= description of =13=: 98. mention of =34=: 148 sq. use of, as buttons =13=: 115.

=Perforated Tablets.= See =Tablets=.

=Perforation= of cheeks =38=: § 504. of lips =38=: § 503. of nasal septum =38=: § 505. of objects of shell =2=: 216, 220, 223, 227, 236, 262. of prepuce =38=: § 507. of tongue =38=: § 853, 924. See also =Bases=; =Walls=.

=Perforators= described and figured =13=: 164. discussion of =15=: 85. produced by flaking =15=: 26.

=Perfumery.= See =Perfumes=.

=Perfumes= grass used as =14=: 823. lady’s bouquet =33=: 115. meadow rue =33=: 80. pectis used for =30=: 83. plants used as =33=: 59. prickly ash =33=: 98. sweet grass =33=: 66. use of =45=: 86. wild columbine =33=: 82.

=Pericarps=, use of, in fish-poison balls =38=: § 211.

=Perigniac= =46=: 169.

=Period= mark of, in sign language =1=: 368. symbols in Mayan chronology =22, i=: 222 sq. See also =Catamenia=; =Chronology=; =Menstruation=.

=Periodic Conjugation=, law of =17=: 161* sq.

=Periwinkle Disease=, symptoms and treatment of =42=: 647.

=Periwinkles= as everyday food =41=: 608. basketry design of =38=: § 445. eaten =38=: § 221. shells of, in graves =41=: 530, 541, 543, 549, 608.

=Perizoma=, loin cloth =38=: § 548.

=Perkins, E. T.=, work of =18=: XXIX.

=Perkins, G. H.= exploration of Iroquoian province by =20=: 159. on Iroquoian pottery from Lake Champlain region =20=: 168 sq. on stone implements at Lake Champlain =13=: 63. on turtleback caches in Vermont =13=: 137. shell beads illustrated by =2=: 224.

=Perley, Susan=, information furnished by =24=: 49, 50.

=Permanence of signs= =1=: 329.

=Peromyscus=, eaten by Pima =26=: 158-163.

=Perrault, Jean Baptiste=, on importance of wild rice to fur traders =19=: 1102.

=Perrine, F. M.=, shell gorgets belonging to =2=: 270.

=Perrine, T. M.= ancient works described by =12=: 155. cited =12=: 699. excavations by =12=: 158, 161. pot found by =12=: 142.

=Perrot, Nicolas= lacrosse game in honor of, Miami =24=: 569. on Assiniboin habitat =15=: 191. on Assiniboin sowing wild rice =19=: 1057. on Assiniboin use of wild rice =19=: 1055. on Dakota occupancy of wild rice country =19=: 1045 sq. on dice games, Hurons =24=: 107. on Kickapoo and Maskotin =19=: 1107. on racket, Hurons =24=: 588, 589. on stick games, Hurons =24=: 241 sqq. quoted on magic powder of Indians =9=: 514.

=Perry County, Ohio=, flint in =44=: 512.

=Perryman, Joseph M.=, head chief =42=: 331.

=Perryman, Legus= acknowledgment to =42=: 32. head chief =42=: 331. information furnished by =42=: 73, 110, 126, 146, 192, 226, 285, 286 sq. legends told by =42=: 52 sq.

=Perryville= =46=: 188.

=Persea Gratissima.= See =Pear, Avocado=.

=Persians=, mortuary customs of the =1=: 103, 104.

=Persimmon= myth concerning =19=: 278. wide use of =42=: 692.

=Person=, pictures on the =4=: 61-78.

=Personal Adornment= by the Eskimo =18=: 44-63. by the Siouan Indians =15=: 169. regulations for, Wyandot =1=: 64. See also =Adornment=; =Body Painting=; =Facial Painting=; =Ornaments=; =Painting=.

=Personal Designations= =4=: 168.

=Personal Law= of the Omaha =3=: 364.

=Personal Names= derivation of =45=: 379. discussion of =45=: 159 sqq. in Menomini myth =14=: 165, 166. of the Guiana Indians =38=: § 881. of the Tewa, reference to =29=: 56. pictographs for =4=: 169-173. Shawano note on =14=: 683. See also =Names=.

=Personal Pronouns=, Arapaho =28=: 236.

=Personification=, development of =19=: LXXXVII sq.

=Perspective=, development of =19=: LXXVI.

=Perspiration= how induced by the Zuñi =30=: 53. See also =Sweat=.

=Perthes, Boucher de=, investigations on =15=: 15.

=Peru= absence of characteristic decorative designs of, in Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 86. Alvarado’s expedition to =14=: 352. character of pottery of =20=: 20. collection of relics from =3=: 508-511. collections from =30=: 22. frequent occurrence of bottle-shape in =20=: 86. masks from =3=: 103 sq. occurrence of head-shaped vessels in =20=: 87. occurrence of vessels with arched handles in =20=: 94. pictographs in =4=: 45. primitive trephining in =16=: 3-72. range of form of pottery of =20=: 85. researches in =30=: 11.

=Peru, Iowa=, mounds near =5=: 31.

=Peruke Feather Crowns= =38=: § 518.

=Peruvian= belief of Messiah =14=: 660. characters connected with signs =1=: 371. obsidian working =13=: 172. relics presented by George Hurlbut =5=: XXXVI. use of perforated stones =13=: 98.

=Peruvians, Ancient=, illustration of ornamentation by =6=: 211, 212, 214, 228, 230, 231, 235, 236, 237, 242, 243, 248.

=Pescado= a Zuñi summer village =13=: 206, 261; =16=: 92, 156. comparison of, with Kintiel =8=: 91. corral walls at, how constructed =8=: 147. description of =8=: 95 sq. fragment of stone close in steps of =8=: 193. outside steps at =8=: 160. ovens at, described and figured =8=: 165 sq. pottery =4=: 494. springs, poisoned by the Zuñi =13=: 331. stone inclosure in court of =8=: 214.

=Peschel, O.= =46=: 330, 333, 335, 371.

=Pe´shäᵗsilo`kwe.= See =Cimex Fraternity=.

=Pesheu’s Village=, location of =37=: 51.

=Peso.= See =Pacer=.

=Pestles= and mortars, Guiana Indian =38=: § 380 sqq. Antillean =25=: general description of 99-105. in connection with three-pointed stones 128. wooden 210 sq. Casa Grande =28=: 128. comparison of, from different areas =34=: 263. described and figured =15=: 103. description of =13=: 87. development of =20=: XV. distribution of =15=: 141, 142. for crushing food, Eskimo =18:= 73. for preparing snuff, Eskimo =18=: 272. found at Little Falls =15=: 68. found in Lesser Antilles =34=: 228. from Guadeloupe =34=: 134, 154-158. from St. Vincent region =34=: 112 sq. from Trinidad =34=: 74 sq. how finished =15=: 26. mention of =44=: 79-82. of the Menomini =14=: 257. of the Omaha =13=: 276. of the Porto Rico area =34=: 220, 226-229. or crushers used in Pueblo mortars =8=: 212. plummet-shaped stones used as =13=: 111. stone, mention of =45=: 41, 217. used among Northern Indians =11=: 280, 302. variations of =34=: 74. See also =Grinders=; =Mortars=.

=Petâ´ĭkuk=, Pima village =26=: 22.

=Petalostemum Candidum= =33=: 94.

=Petalostemum Purpureum= mention of =34=: 94. use of =44=: 291, 338.

=Petatlan or Petlatlan= description of =14=: 514, 538. description of, by Jaramillo =14=: 583. description of Indians of =14=: 568, 572. friendly Indians at river of =14=: 548. Indian from, captive and interpreter at Cibola =14=: 563. Indian settlement in New Galicia =14=: 355. river of, in Sinaloa =14=: 348.

"=Pet-chi-é-ri=” =1=: 200.

=Peteatlan.= See =Petatlan=.

=Peten=, number names of =19=: 862.

=Peter Martyr= as a historian =25=: 19 sq. on Antillean zemis =25=: 55, 56, 57, 58, 140. on gods of Haitians =25=: 67. on Haitian creation legends =25=: 74. on Haitian idols =25=: 146. on sentiments of Antilleans =25=: 32.

=Petermanns Mitteilungen=, cited =6=: 409, note.

=Peters, Edward=, on composition of wild rice =19=: 1080 sqq.

=Peters, Jim=, reference to =40=: 501, 549.

=Peters, Joe= reference to =40=: 356, 501. syllabary text by =40=: 378.

=Peters, Miss Mary Eleanor=, acknowledgment to =42=: 830.

=Peters, Sam= reference to =40=: 356, 503. syllabary text by =40=: 378.

=Peters Family=, reference to =40=: 502.

=Petersburg, Va.=, trails =42=: 764, 775.

=Peterson, ----= =46=: 118.

=Peterson, Charles=, acknowledgment to =18=: 22.

=Petitot, Father Emile Fortuné Stanislas Joseph= cited =6=: 412, 516; =46=: 329, 333, 371. description of Eskimo clothing by =9=: 120, 123, 129, 138. description of Eskimo house by =9=: 77. description of Eskimo lamps by =9=: 106. description of method of carrying Eskimo infants by =9=: 416. nomenclature of the Eskimo people by =9=: 46 sqq., 51. on Eskimo amulets =9=: 440. on Eskimo labrets =9=: 143. on Eskimo mode of wearing the hair =9=: 140, 141. on Eskimo sledge shoes =9=: 353. on hand game, Chippewa =24=: 272. on hand game, Kawchodinne =24=: 272. on hand game, Kutchin =24=: 272. on hand game, Takulli =24=: 273. works of, on the Eskimo =9=: 24.

=Petlatlan.= See =Petatlan=.

=Pe´toⁿ Inikashiha Group=, Quapaw =27=: 68.

=Petrel=, among the Tlingit crest animal =26=: 416. mythological being =26=: 416. name of gaming stick =26=: 444. source of personal names =26=: 422.

=Petrification= after death, belief in =30=: 152. how regarded by the Hopi =15=: 277.

=Petrified Forest= near Holbrook, ancient habitations in =22, i=: 135 sq. references to =29=: 553, 581.

=Petrified Wood=, Tewa name for =29=: 580.

=Petrof.= See =Petroff, Ivan=.

=Petroff, Ivan= Eskimo researches of =7=: 73. mention of =46=: 124, 130, 131, 132, 133, 177, 181 (spelling given as =Petrof=). on Eskimo burial =9=: 427. on Eskimo chiefs =9=: 429. on Eskimo wolf-killer =9=: 259. on population of the Koluschan tribes =7=: 87. on quoits, Eskimo =24=: 723. work of, consulted =9=: 24.

=Petroglyphs= at ruined pueblo at Black Falls of Little Colorado River =22, i=: 49. in cliff villages =16=: 138. in Kanawha Valley =42=: 756. in North America =4=: 19. Ketchipauan church =8=: 82. legend of the Tusayan concerning =8=: 32. mention of =45=: 283. near Acoma =47=: 131. near Shawneetown =42=: 805. of Hawaii =33=: 627, 653. or sun symbol at Matsaki =8=: 86. See also =Hieroglyphs=; =Pictographs=; and names of various places.

=Pets= in Hopi mythology =15=: 266.

=Petter, Rodolphe= on certain Cheyenne terminations =28=: 233. on relationship between Cheyenne and Natick =28=: 234. reference to =28=: 226.

=Pettigrew, F. W.= excavations made by =41=: 64. investigations by =12=: 38, 39.

=Pettis, Lieut. G. H.=, on battle of Adobe Walls =17=: 316.

=Pettit, Lieutenant ----=, cited on Indian medicine-men =9=: 473.

=Peucedanum= mention of =45=: 478, 479, 482. seeds of, used as charm =35=: 175, 608.

=Peucedanum Leiocarpum= =45=: 479, 483, 484, 494, 503.

=Peucedanum Macrocarpum= =45=: 479, 496, 508, 510.

=Peyi=, suicide of =17=: 354.

=Peyote= curative powers of =37=: 423. effect of =37=: 389-392. experiences with =37=: 400-414. Koiwa reverence for =17=: 237, 238, 239. mention of =33=: 104 sqq. study of use of =17=: L; =18=: XXVIII, XLIV sq.; =19=: XV sqq. use of, by Indians =30=: 41. See also =Mescal=; =Peyote Cult=.

=Peyote Cult= Arapaho ceremony =37=: 415-419. connected with teachings of Shawnee prophet =37=: 69, 73, 74. development of =37=: 419-422. dissemination of =37=: 422 sq. essential changes made by =37=: 295. general description of =37=: 388 sq. material on, collected by J. Mooney =41=: 56. reference to =47=: 489. reference to belief of =37=: 376.

=Pfeffercorn, ----= on pinole =26=: 67. on southern Pima-speaking tribes =26=: 29. Pima words published by =26=: 269.

=Phacelia Leucophylla= =45=: 465, 470.

=Phacelia Menziesii= =45=: 468.

=Phallic Emblems=, appearance of, in representations of Hopi katcinas =21=: 72 sqq.

=Phallic Paintings= of the Eskimo =18=: 167, 225.

=Phallic Proceedings= among the Hopi, significance of =21=: 24.

=Phallic Representations= among the Hopi =17=: 663.

=Phallic Worship=, Siouan =11=: 456.

=Phallicism= in Antillean pottery specimens =25=: 186. in forms of idols =25=: 54. in Indian games =25=: 85. in pestles =25=: 100. in ring and pin =24=: 529.

=Phalon, Peter= on amounts of wild rice harvested =19=: 1077. on Ojibwa gathering wild rice =19=: 1062. on reliability of wild rice crop =19=: 1099. on threshing wild rice =19=: 1069. on winnowing wild rice =19=: 1070.

=Phanoeus Beetle=, harbinger of rainy season =38=: § 938.

=Phaseolus Vulgaris= mention of =33=: 96. probable place of origin of =33=: 59.

=Phaseolus Vulgaris Linn.=, Pima food plant =26=: 76.

=Pheasant=, myth concerning =19=: 285, 288, 289, 290, 455.

=Phelps, Oliver=, sale of land to =18=: 662.

=Phelps and Gorman= Indian land purchase =14=: 21.

=Philadelphia, Pa.= trail from, to Falls of the Ohio =42=: 760 sq. treaty at, in 1791 =19=: 69. treaty at, in 1794 =19=: 77.

=Philadelphia Academy of Sciences= acknowledgment to =20=: 16. collections in museum of =20=: 105, 165, 184.

=Philadelphia Free Museum of Science and Art=, pottery in collections of =20=: 103, 104.

=Philatouchy, Chief= =42=: 322.

=Philip= king, character of =18=: 621. king, mutilation of body of =19=: 208. king of Spain =14=: 474. king, sale of land by =18=: 607.

=Philip Family=, information concerning =43=: 176.

=Philippine Islands= =14=: 545.

=Phillips, ----= on ancestry of Sequoya =19=: 108, 109. on Cherokee syllabary =19=: 110, 219, 220. on death of Sequoya =19=: 148.

=Phillips, O. P.=, moving pictures of Pueblo life taken by =22, i=: XIII sq.; =23=: XVI.

=Phillips, William A.= archeologic experiments by =15=: 56. Cherokee commissioner to appraise neutral lands =5=: 351.

=Phillips, W. Hallett= acknowledgments to =15=: 17; =20=: 16. collections of =15=: 72, 88, 99. figurine from collection of =20=: 156, 157. pipes collected by, Potomac Creek site =20=: 156. quartzite blades found by =15=: 79. steatite working tools found by =15=: 125.

=Philology= comparative, of Indian languages =23=: XXXIV sq. definition of =16=: XVII sq. office work in =22, i=: XXX-XXXIII. or the science of activities designed for expression =20=: CXXXIX-CLXX. relation of sign language to =1=: 349. subject matter of =19=: XII. work in =18=: XLI-XLIV; =19=: XXV; =20=: XX sq.; =23=: XXXIV-XXXVIII. See also =Language=; =Linguistics=.

=Philosophy= genesis of =1=: 19. mythologic =1=: ancientism 33. course of evolution of 38-43. ecstatism 36. monotheism 42. mythic tales 37. outgrowth from 33-38. physitheism 42. psychotheism 42. religion 37, 38. spiritism 35, 36. thaumaturgics 37. theistic society 35. tutelarism 41. zoötheism 38, 39, 40. of civilization =1=: 21. of savagery =1=: 21. of the Menomini =14=: LIII. of the Zuñi =2=: 9; =13=: 361. primitive, definition of =15=: 178. stages of =1=: 21.

=Phinney, Mark=, assistance rendered by =44=: 7.

=Phipps, Sir William=, treaty concluded by =18=: 609.

=Phister, N. P.= on Ghost dance doctrine =14=: 784. on Wovoka’s father =14=: 765.

=Phoenix, Ariz.= Indian boarding school at =26=: 62. President McKinley’s visit to =26=: 66. railroad extended to =26=: 63. region about, in Pima mythology =26=: 225, 229. references to =28=: 33, 34, 51, 55, 114, 116, 218. temperature of =26=: 36, 56.

=Phoenix, Cherokee.= See =Cherokee Phoenix=.

=Phonetic= art of Siouan tribes =15=: 168. value of Maya hieroglyphs =16=: 205, 218, 223, 224, 235, 237, 238, 239, 241, 242, 247, 249, 253, 254, 255, 257, 259, 261, 263.

=Phonetic Key= =29=: 39 sq.

=Phonetic Notes= =43=: 178, 179, 226 sq.

=Phoneticism=, application of the term =16=: 254.

=Phonetics= Cherokee =19=: 506. Fox =40=: 44 sq. in Tlingit investigations =26=: 39 sq. Siouan =11=: 363 sq. See also =Alphabet=.

=Phonics=, evolution of =20=: CXLVI.

=Phonograph= in connection with Omaha music =27=: 373. in linguistic work =24=: XXI. use of, in recording Indian music =29=: 19.