I. SUBJECT INDEX (part 2 of 7)

I. SUBJECT INDEX (part 2 of 7)

=Cherokee Formulas= paper on, by James Mooney =41=: 56. See also =Cherokee Sacred Formulas=.

=Cherokee Hostilities 5=: 170, 173.

=Cherokee Indians=. See =Cherokee=.

=Cherokee Lands= appraisal of, west of 96° =5=: 361. cession and sale of =5=: 348. purchase of =5=: 210. removal of white settlers from =5=: 322, 323.

=Cherokee Messenger=, establishment of =19=: 112.

=Cherokee Nation= political murders in =5=: 297, 303. researches in =28=: 12 sq.

=Cherokee Nation of Indians=, by C. C. Royce =5=: XLII-XLIV, 121-378.

=Cherokee Neutral Land= cession of =18=: 840, 848. grant of =18=: 754.

=Cherokee Outlet= cession of =18=: 840, 888, 946. establishment of =19=: 124, 139, 142.

grant of =18=: 888, 946. See also =Cherokee Strip=.

=Cherokee Path= to Virginia =42=: 752 sq. See also =Old Cherokee Path=.

=Cherokee Phoenix= establishment of =19=: 111, 112, 217 sq. on Sequoya’s ancestry =19=: 108. suppression of =19=: 123.

=Cherokee Sacred Formulas= collected by James Mooney =37=: 7 sqq. for ague and fever =7=: 359-363. for ball play =7=: 395 sqq. for biliousness =7=: 365 sq. for childbirth =7=: 363 sq. for destroying an enemy =7=: 391-395. for finding something =7=: 386 sq. for going to war =7=: 388-391. for hunting and fishing =7=: 369-375. for inspiring love =7=: 375-384. for killing a witch =7=: 384 sqq. for neuralgia =7=: 356-359. for ordeal diseases =7=: 367 sqq. for preventing a storm =7=: 387 sq. for rheumatism =7=: 345-351. for snake bites =7=: 351 sqq. for worms =7=: 353-356. language of =7=: 343 sq. notice of paper on =7=: XXXIX sq.

=Cherokee Settlements in Tennessee 42=: 749.

=Cherokee Strip= cession of =19=: 153. establishment of =19=: 124, 139, 142. settlement of other Indians on =19=: 150, 151. See also =Cherokee Outlet=.

=Cherokee Towns=, trails from =42=: 841.

=Cherokee Trace=, mention of =42=: 822 sq.

=Cherokee Traders’ Path 42=: 777.

=Cherokee War=, mention of =42=: 339.

=Cherokee Western Outlet 5=: 246, 248.

=Cherokee, mention of =3=: XXV.

=Cherouse, E. C.= material collected by =24=: 156-253. on stick game, Snohomish =24=: 253 sq.

=Cherry= belief concerning =45=: 509. use of =45=: 488, 499. wild, beverage made from =44=: 317. wild, in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 282. wild, medicinal use of =43=: 264. wild, use of =44=: 291. See also =Prunus Serotina=.

=Cherry Bark=, use of =45=: 497, 498.

=Cherry Hill, Tenn=., trail forked at =42=: 849.

=Cherry Pond Mountain=, trail =42=: 770.

"=Cherrybird=,” carving of the =2=: 145.

=Chert= colors of =44=: 506. Eskimo implement made of =18=: 113. formation of =44=: 505. geological distribution of =44=: 506 sq. leaf-shaped implement of =41=: 521. not adapted to pecking =15=: 96. origin and character of =44=: 505 sq. use of name =44=: 505, 532. varieties of =44=: 507. See also =Chert Quarries=; =Flint=.

=Chert Quarries= at Mill Creek =44=: 530 sq.

=Chesapeake Bay= archeologic work on =13=: XXVI; =15=: XXI. archeologic remains on =15=: XXVIII. study of archeology of =15=: XXV.

=Chesapeake Branch= of Great Indian Warpath =42=: 758.

=Chesapeake-Potomac Province= location of =15=: 20. memoir on stone implements of =15=: 13.

=Chesapeake Valley=, occurrence of Iroquoian ware in =20=: 164.

=Cheschopah=. See =Cheez-tah-paezh=.

=Chese-cha-pahdish=. See =Cheez-tah-paezh=.

=Chese-Topah=. See =Cheez-tah-paezh=.

=Chesholm, J. D.=, reservation for =18=: 671, 674.

=Chest=, in western Eskimo =46=: 244, 249, 253.

=Chest Ornaments= of Guiana Indians =38=: § 537.

=Chester, E. W.=, instructed as to treaty with the Cherokee =5=: 205.

=Chester, Greville J=., specimens collected by =34=: 80.

=Chesterfield=, Lord, on gestures of orators =1=: 311.

=Chestnut= leaves of, medicinal use of =43=: 265. pudding, making of =32=: 188.

=Chestnuts= guarded by wizards =32=: 201. journey to secure =32=: 150, 207, 216. use of, as food =32=: 148, 187, 199, 503.

=Cheukunsene=. See =Kunnesee=.

=Chevereah, Juan=, Maricopa head chief =26=: 21.

=Chevlon Fork=, reference to =28=: 220.

=Chevlon Pass=, work at =17=: XLVI.

=Chevlon Ruins= armlets from, figures of =22, i=: 89, 90. asphalt found at =22, i=: 111. basketry from, coiled type, cut showing =22, i=: 99. basketry from, Oraibi type, cut showing =22, i=: 98. bird figures on pottery from =22, i=: 73. bird-shaped vessel from, figurine showing =22, i=: 68. bird-snake vase from, figure showing =22, i=: 68. bone awls from, reference to =22, i=: 94. bow and arrows from, reference to =22, i=: 100. bowl from, bison design on, description and figure of =22, i=: 72. bowls from, bird figures on, description and figures of =22, i=: 74, 77 sq., 79. bowls from, geometrical designs on, description and figure of =22, i=: 83 sq., 85. bowls from, rain-cloud symbols on, character of =22, i=: 73 sq., 156. bowls from, rain-cloud symbols on, figure showing =22, i=: 74. burial place at =22, i=: 32. collection from, study of =22, i=: XVIII. crania from =22, i=: 110. cups from, figures showing =22, i=: 65, 66. date of work on =22, i=: 17. duck-shaped vessel from, figure of =22, i=: 67. ear pendants from, cuts showing =22, i=: 86, 87. human crania from, collection of =22, i=: 110. ladle from, figure showing =22, i=: 62, 63. lignite ornament from =22, i=: 87. location of =22, i=: 23, 30 sqq. matting from, abundance of =22, i=: 97, 98. metates found in graves at =22, i=: 104. mosaic ornaments from =22, i=: 85, 86. mug from, figures showing =22, i=: 66. objects obtained from, number and character of =22, i=: 18, 23. ornaments, mosaic, found at =22, i=: 85, 86. ornaments, shell, from =22, i=: 88, 89, 90, 91, 92. prayer stick from, exceptional character of =22, i=: 100. rattle from, made from Conus shell, cut showing =22, i=: 91. reference to =28=: 139. shell objects from, figures showing =22, i=: 92. skulls from =22, i=: 110. stone implements found at =22, i=: 102, 103. stone-slab, with rain-cloud design, from =22, i=: 104 sq. turtle carapaces from =22, i=: 95, 96.

=Chevron= appearance of, in symbolism of Woe =21=: 66, 67. as an element in design =41=: 244, 253. in Hopi pictures =21=: 77, 79, 101, 119. interpretation of =41=: 312 sq.

=Chevron Designs= Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 90. See also =Decoration=.

=Chewelah= a division of the Kalispel =45=: 312. country occupied by the =45=: 312 sq. some chiefs of the =45=: 378. supposed origin of the =45=: 321.

=Chewing= of tobacco by the Eskimo =18=: 271 sq.

=Chewing Gum= root used for =30=: 68. used by the Pima =26=: 78.

=Cheyenne= absence of clans among the =14=: 956; =17=: 227. and Kiowa warfare =14=: 1079. and Sioux early warfare =14=: 1059. Arapaho warrior order derived from =14=: 988. attack of Kiowa by =17=: 271. Bent’s recommendation as to =17=: 183. burial case of the =1=: 162, 163. burial lodges of the =1=: 154. ceremonial arrows of the =13=: 116. character of the =17=: 234. chronology of the =17=: 234. considered aberrant Algonquian =47=: 3. dance with Kiowa of the =17=: 379. delegates, visit of, to Wovoka =14=: 774, 778, 817, 894, 900, 901. description of village of the =17=: 183. destruction of village of the =17=: 187. effect of Porcupine’s visit on the =14=: 819. fires built by the, in Ghost dance =14=: 921. first acquaintance of the Kiowa with the =17=: 153. Flathead name for the =45=: 302. former habitat of the =14=: 1029. friendly overtures from the =17=: 179. games of the =24=: archery 384. basket game 59 sq. dice games 54, 58-61, 126. double ball 647, 649. hand and foot ball 705 sq. hand game 269, 276. hoop and pole 429 sq., 442, 445 sq., 507. popgun 758. racket 563. ring and pin 529, 530-533. shinny 619 sq. snow-snake 400 sq. tops 734. Ghost dance among the =14=: XXXIX, 653, 786, 802, 817, 895, 915, 926, 927. Ghost dance doctrine spread by =14=: 902. Ghost dance studies =13=: XXXII. glossary of the =14=: 1039. heraldry of the =23=: XVII. hostilities with the, in 1867 and 1868 =17=: 183, 186. hostilities of the, in 1874. =17=: 202, 252. hunting ground of the =27=: 89. Kiowa friendliness toward the =17=: 168. Kiowa hostility to the =17=: 156, 157, 160, 273. Kiowa peace with the =17=: 172, 275. knowledge of Messiah among the =14=: 894. land cessions and reservations =18=: 786, 824, 838, 846, 848, 852, 856, 888, 918, 940 sqq. language of the, study of =14=: XLI. massacre of the, by Chivington =17=: 180. massacre of the, by the Kiowa =17=: 271. measles among the =17=: 342. medicine wheel from the =24=: 437. mention of the =4=: 101, 115, 118, 132, 133, 134, 139, 141, 142, 144. murder of party of the =19=: 209. myths of the =19=: 229, 441, 443, 449, 452, 465 sq. name of the, in sign language =45=: 148. name of the Arapaho =14=: 953. name of the Cheyenne =14=: 1043. name of the Kiowa Apache =14=: 1081. name of the Sioux =14=: 1057. Navaho hostility toward the =17=: 301. notion concerning thunder =14=: 969. Omaha attack on the =27=: 87. Omaha contact with the =27=: 73. Omaha name for the =27=: 102. opening of lands of the =17=: 278. outbreak of 1874 by the =17=: 200. party to peace treaty =27=: 74, 218, 376. peace council participated in by the, in 1872 =17=: 190. planned uprising among the =17=: 176. population of the =14=: 1025. possession of Black Hills by the =17=: 157, 166. prisoners, deportation to Florida of =17=: 213. raids in Texas by the =17=: 177. refusal of Kiowa alliance by the =17=: 190. religion of the =14=: 775. researches among the =24=: XVI sq.; =25=: XIII sq. reservation experience of the =14=: 833. sacred medicine of the =17=: 242. scouts in Sioux outbreak =14=: 867, 881. sketch of the =14=: 1024. skulls, vault of =48=: 7. slaughter of Pawnee Indians by the =17=: 175. smallpox among the =17=: 311. songs of the =14=: 1028. status of the, in 1859 =17=: 182. study of the =15=: LXXII, LXXX. surrender of the, in 1875 =17=: 211, 212. sword-bearer among the =14=: 706. symbolic representation of the =14=: 706. synonymy of the =14=: 1023. torture of captives by the =17=: 203. traders among the =17=: 318. treaty agreement of 1865 by the =17=: 179. treaty of 1865 with the =17=: 180. treaty of 1866 with the =17=: 183. tribal divisions of the =14=: 1025. tribal medicine of the =19=: 503. tribal signs for the =1=: 464. wars with the =45=: 365. See also =Cheyenne Indians=; etc.; =Southern Cheyenne=.

=Cheyenne Agency= charts at =4=: 94. cross =4=: 252. fight near =4=: 102. pictograph letter =4=: 160 sq. symbol for =4=: 123, 166, 172 sq.

=Cheyenne and Arapaho Shields=, paper on, by James Mooney =41=: 56.

=Cheyenne Division= of Algonquian languages, relationship of =28=: 229, 289.

=Cheyenne Indians= letter writing by the =10=: 363 sq. name for the =29=: 573. tribal designations of the =10=: 382 sq. visit of the, to Washington =34=: 28. See also =Cheyenne=; etc.

=Cheyenne Language= consonantic clusters in =28=: 284. description of =28=: 232 sqq. inanimate plural of nouns =28=: 274. pronunciation of =28=: 226. reference to =28=: 225. relationship of =28=: 22, 237, 274, 280, 286. See also =Northern Cheyenne=.

=Cheyenne River Agency= delegates from, to Washington =14=: 891. delegates from, to Wovoka =14=: 820. Indians of, in Sioux outbreak =14=: 885. table of rations at =14=: 839. waning of Ghost dance at =14=: 846.

=Cheyenne River Reserve= change in =18=: 938. establishment of =18=: 932.

=Cheyenne Tribe= habitat of the =7=: 48, 109. population of the =7=: 49. treaty cited =7=: 114.

=Cheyenne War= with General Mackenzie =4=: 146.

=Chi=, definition of =16=: 243.

=Chia= Indian village mentioned by Jaramillo =14=: 587. mention of road to =14=: 587. villages of, cannon deposited in =14=: 503. See also =Sia=.

=Chiaha= a Lower Creek Red town =42=: 126, 255. allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201, 204.

arrangement of square ground of =42=: 229 sqq., 279, 280. bison dance held by =42=: 528. busk ceremonial of =42=: 603. clan councils of =42=: 126. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 193, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 161. dances of, description of =42=: 551-554. fire making at busk of =42=: 555. mention of =42=: 324. position of beds at =42=: 199. Spanish visits to =19=: 23, 24, 26, 28, 197, 199, 200.

=Chiaha Seminole= a Red town =42=: 127, 257. allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201-204. arrangement of square ground of =42=: 234 sq., 292. clan councils of =42=: 127. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 193, 194. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 161 sq. house at, for ceremonial objects =42=: 186. plan of ceremonial ground of =42=: 235, 293. position of beds at =42=: 199.

=Chiametla= appointment of Trejo in =14=: 500. death of Samaniego at =14=: 383, 480, 547. desertion of =14=: 383.

=Chiapanec=, number names of =19=: 874, 878.

=Chiapas=, ruins of, inscriptions of =19=: 806.

=Chiaroscuro=, development of =19=: LXXVI.

=Chibcha= method of forming numbers =19=: 918. symbols used by the =10=: 615 sq.

=Chibukak 46=: 210.

=Chic=, day symbol, discussed =16=: 254.

=Chicago= cession of site of =18=: 656. occurrence of Middle Mississippi Valley pottery near =20=: 80. origin of name =14=: 238. treaties of =18=: 702 sqq., 750. See also =World’s Columbian Exposition=.

=Chicago Tribune=, wild rice harvesting illustration published in =19=: 1057.

=Chicagua Rapids, Venezuela=, petroglyphs at =10=: 148 sqq.

=Chicasa= join the Na’htchi =7=: 96. population of the =7=: 95.

=Chicchan= day symbol discussed =16=: 229, 238, 241.

=Chich=, phonetic value of =16=: 233.

=Chichan=, meaning of =16=: 232.

=Chichen-Itza=, inscription at, symbols from, description and figures of =22, i=: 300.

=Chichilticale=, description of =13=: 295.

=Chichilticalli= Coronado’s description of =14=: 554. description of =14=: 516. described by Jaramillo =14=: 584. described by Mota Padilla =14=: 487. first sight of, by Coronado =14=: 387. identification of =26=: 26. limit of Diaz’s exploration =14=: 303. references to =28=: 53, 54. visit of Diaz to =14=: 480. visit of Friar Marcos to =14=: 475.

=Chichimecas= Mexican Indian =14=: 529. Mexican word for braves =14=: 524.

=Chichiñagamut= conditions observed at =18=: 251 sq. implements from =18=: 139 sq. shamanistic rites observed at =18=: 431.

=Chichinak= =46=: 193.

=Chicholm, Jesse=, interpreter at treaty of 1865 =17=: 180.

=Chickadee=, myths concerning =19=: 285 sq., 319, 454, 468.

=Chickahominy= discovery of remnants of =22, i=: XII. grant of land to =18=: 567. massacre by =18=: 564.

=Chickamauga Band= declaration of war by, in 1792 =19=: 71, 72. emigration of =5=: 150, 151. hostility of, in 1875-1894 =19=: 62-67, 70, 72-78. origin of =19=: 54.

=Chickamauga Gulch=, pseudo myth concerning =19=: 413 sq.

=Chickamauga Path= =42=: 848 sqq.

=Chickamauga Town, Old=, trail of =42=: 750.

=Chickamauga Towns= destruction of =19=: 55, 78 sq. expedition against =19=: 60.

=Chickasaw= a stockaded town =42=: 438. and Kasihta, friendship of =42=: 51. adoption among the =42=: 705. adultery punished by the =42=: 697. association of the, with Creeks =42=: 590. ball-game of the =14=: 129. beliefs and usages of the =44=: 169-273. beliefs of the =42=: 482, 497, 513, 710. burial customs of the =42=: 389. ceremony of the, on return of war party =42=: 421 sqq. collection of information regarding the =40=: 5. cultural relationships of the =42=: 712. customs of the =42=: 358 sq., 424, 700, 702, 706. deerskins worn by the =42=: 682. distinct origin of the =42=: 260. divisions of day among the =42=: 398 sq. dwellings of the =42=: 687, 688. final location of the =44=: 175. greetings of the =42=: 450. hair dressing of the =42=: 684. head flattening among the =42=: 687. introduction of smallpox by the =17=: 275. land cessions and reservations =18=: 559 sq., 636, 650, 660, 668, 682, 694, 738, 752, 764 sqq., 788, 794, 806 sqq., 840. land cessions by the =19=: 86. lands claimed by the =42=: 811. legendary origin of the =42=: 50, 55 sq. map of land ceded by the =42=: 815. marriage customs of the =42=: 368 sqq. medical practices of the =42=: 622. mention of the =42=: 35, 39. mourning customs of the =42=: 383. name of the, for deity =42=: 482. names given by the, to the seasons =42=: 400. names of the, for supernatural beings =42=: 481. Natchez among the =19=: 386. of Muskhogean stock =42=: 677. part of the, given refuge by the Creeks =42=: 46. physical type of the =42=: 677. preparation of paper on =42=: 7; =44=: 4. priesthood of the =42=: 620. publication on subject of the =45=: 2. punishment among the, for adultery =42=: 349. racket game among the =24=: 597. resemblance of the, to the Creeks =44=: 173. sketch of the =19=: 499, 500. social divisions among the =42=: 695. stools used by the =42=: 689. traditional separation of the, from Choctaw =44=: 177. traditional western origin of the =44=: 175. traditions of origin of the =42=: 40. trail used by the =42=: 811. treaty with Virginia and North Carolina by the =19=: 63. war of the, with the Creeks =42=: 51. war of the, with the Shawnee =42=: 811. witchcraft among the =42=: 633 sq. See also =Chickasaw Indians=.

=Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek and Cherokee=, boundary between =5=: 205.

=Chickasaw Bluffs= road to =42=: 822. treaty of =18=: 660.

=Chickasaw Council House=, treaty of =18=: 682; =19=: 98.

=Chickasaw Country=, three districts of =44=: 212.

=Chickasaw Indians= attack on Cumberland towns by =19=: 62. attitude of, in Civil War =19=: 148. attitude of, in Creek War =19=: 90.

boundary between the Cherokee and =19=: 62, 66. Cherokee relations with =19=: 14, 38, 44, 67, 72, 371, 389 sq., 494. defeat of the French by =19=: 477. friendliness of, toward the English =19=: 35. recent practice of potter’s art by =20=: 130. See also =Chickasaw=.

=Chickasaw Old Fields= location of =42=: 851. sojourn of Chickasaw at =44=: 175. traditional settlement of =44=: 177. trail of =42=: 822. treaty of =18=: 674; =19=: 85.

=Chickasaw Old Town=, location of =44=: 176.

=Chickasaw Region=, trails from, to Mobile Bay =42=: 823.

=Chickasaw Trace=, road known as =42=: 811, 852.

=Chickasaw Trail= naming of =42=: 744. route of =43=: 822.

=Chicken=, Col. =George=, expedition under =19=: 33.

=Chicken Dance= description of =42=: 530 sq. mention of =42=: 523, 524.

=Chicken Katcina= introduction of, among the Hopis =21=: 17. See also =Kowako=.

=Chickeny=, member of Menomini court =14=: 35.

=Chickweed= use of =44=: 293. See also =Stellaria Media=.

=Chicote, Samuel=, head chief =42=: 331.

=Chidester, J. D.=, house sites on farm of, in Arkansas =12=: 245.

=Chief= as peacemaker =37=: 209, 210. descent of office of =36=: 68. duties of =36=: 67; =37=: 319, 320. festival after death of =35=: 1088, 1091 sq. functions of =37=: 209 sq. healing powers of =36=: 71. leaves his tribe =35=: 863. lodge of, a refuge =37=: 209. of Sparrow society =35=: 1152. one, for each great division of the tribe =36=: 67. potlatch property given to =35=: 878. relation of, to his people =35=: 1273-1277, 1333-1344; =37=: 319. religious concept concerning choice of =40=: 181. sacred objects in Hako ceremony carried by =22=, ii: 23. selected from Thunderbird clan =37=: 320. signs for =1=: 353, 416. symbolism of house of =36=: 68 sq. titles of =35=: 1354 sq. tribute to =35=: 1333-1344. young men work for =35=: 1043. See also =Chiefs=.

=Chief Clan=, native name for =42=: 117.

=Chief, Coweta=, description of =42=: 308.

=Chief-Eagle, Otto=, assistance rendered by =33=: 46.

=Chief Feast= food served at =37=: 319. object of =37=: 319. property of four Bird clans =37=: 318, 319. symbolism of =37=: 321. time of =37=: 318, 321.

=Chief Fool Dance= =35=: 966.

=Chief Joseph=, surrender of =17=: 351.

=Chief Mountain=, information from =31=: 485.

=Chief Speakers=, office of =42=: 329.

=Chief World=, chosen in council =32=: 332, 341.

=Chiefs= afraid of parents of twins =35=: 689. among the Osage =15=: 235. as religious officers during buffalo hunt, Omaha =3=: 357. authority of the =46=: 622. burial of =42=: 701. ceremonial house of =47=: 210. ceremonial, list of =47=: 255 sq. chosen from subgens =43=: 91. clans furnishing =42=: 50, 192-197. classes of =45=: 262. clothing of =27=: 355, 356. comparative beliefs regarding =47=: 348. counseling =42=: 316.

course of increase in number of =42=: 317. Dakota, status of =15=: 222. descent of, among the Dakota =15=: 221. duties of =45=: 263, 374 sq.; =46=: 431 sq., 441. effect of trader’s influence on =27=: 630 sq. election of =42=: 330; =44=: 215; =45=: 152, 376. election of, under new government =42=: 330 sq. Eskimo choice of =18=: 303 sqq. Eskimo terms for =18=: 304. filling vacancies among the =42=: 320. Flathead, list of names of =45=: 376 sq. function of, among Siouan Indians =15=: 214. honors paid to, at death =44=: 233. in the League of the Iroquois =43=: 462. increase in number of =42=: 317. instruction of, at installation =42=: 332. list of =42=: 331. location of dwelling of =42=: 174. marriage of =42=: 369. marriage of daughter of =35=: 777. Menomini, descent of =14=: 39, 43. Menomini, genealogy of =14=: 44-60. Menomini, succession of =14=: 44. most influential in 1791 =42=: 323. of the dance =45=: 262. of Lutcapogo =42=: 210. of the Nikola-Similkameen country =45=: 262. of Tusayan =15=: 268. Okanagon, genealogy of =45=: 263-275. Omaha, deposition of =3=: 362. Omaha, election of =3=: 358. Omaha, head of =3=: 357. Omaha, position of =3=: 216. Omaha, powers of =3=: 362. one for each grand division =27=: 135. order of names in feast =35=: 792. part in ritual of White Buffalo Hide =27=: 289. Pend d’Oreilles =45=: 377. people work for =31=: 429. position in feast =35=: 766, 767. position of =27=: 601 sq.; =45=: 152 sqq. power of =42=: 315 sq., 319. prominent, list of =42=: 322. qualifications for =45=: 376. rank of =44=: 213. responsible for safety of his people =31=: 430. rival, in seal feasts =35=: 460, 461. sacred inauguration of =3=: 359 sq. seating of, at general council =42=: 311, 312. selection of =44=: 213 sq. social position of daughter of =35=: 776-779. special nose and ear ornaments used by children of =31=: 431. status of =42=: 696. subordinate =3=: 357. Tukabahchee, selected from Eagle clan =42=: 148. Tlingit, names of =26=: 402-407. valuable garments, children of, dress in =31=: 431. who can be elected, Omaha =3=: 358. Wyandot, election of =1=: 61, 62. See also =Cacique=; =Chief=; =Chieftainship=; =Council of Seven Chiefs=; =Hunting Chiefs=; =Little Chief=; =Minko=; =Officers=; =Town Chief=; =War Chiefs=.

=“Chiefs”= of the Eskimo =9=: 429 sq.

=Chiefs, Assistant= clans from which selected =42=: 285. duties of =42=: 287. selection of =42=: 285, 286 sq.

=Chief’s Badge= in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 76.

=Chief’s Bed= called the “White Bed” =42=: 277. one of four beds =42=: 191. position of, in various towns =42=: 197-200.

=Chiefs, Food= of the blood-soup of seal =35=: 457. currants and salal-berries =35=: 578. fern-roots =35=: 523. limbs of seal =35=: 459. long cinquefoil-roots =35=: 541, 544. parts of porpoise =35=: 750. parts of seal =35=: 750. salmon-cheeks =35=: 329. winkles =35=: 510.

=Chiefs, Society of the Yuchi=, reference to =42=: 156.

=Chiefship= among the Seri =17=: 275* sqq.

=Chieftaincy=, devolves upon the chief’s younger brother =31=: 499.

=Chieftainess= duties of =35=: 780. proper behavior of =35=: 396.

=Chieftainess Dance= =35=: 1148.

=Chieftainship= alternation to, between two clans =42=: 287 sq. among the Assiniboin =15=: 223 sq. early history of =27=: 202. eligibility for =45=: 263. emoluments of chiefs and keepers =27=: 212 sq. hereditary nature of =44=: 191, 192. lapsing of =27=: 635. offenses and punishments of =27=: 213-216. orders of chiefs =27=: 202-206. settlement of =46=: 432 sq., 435. succession in =45=: 376; =46=: 449. through ability =45=: 262. through heredity =45=: 262. See also =Chiefs=; etc.

=Chigh=, meaning of =16=: 233, 261.

=Chignik= =46=: 188.

=Chigoe Dance=, description of =42=: 534.

=Chigoes=, lameness caused by =30=: 217.

=Chihuahua, Mexico=. collections from =23=: XLI. field work in =23=: IX, XVII. petroglyphs in =10=: 131. shells among the aborigines of =28=: 145. See also =Casas Grandes= (Chihuahua).

=Chikasa Indians=, tattooing of the =10=: 394.

=ᵗChi’kĭalikwe=. See =Rattlesnake Fraternity=.

=Chikin= meaning of =16=: 233. symbol in Maya codex =16=: 225.

=Chila= city of Huaxtec =25=: 231. remains of =26=: XVI.

=Chilam Balam= book of =3=: 53, 59, 60. book of, on value of ahaus in Maya calendar system =19=: 717. calendar wheel of =3=: 53, 59, 60.

=Chilcat=, population of =7=: 87.

=Chilcotin Tribe= basketry of =41=: 133, 134, 135, 142, 180, 182, 196, 201, 223, 229, 230, 231, 233, 246, 247, 250, 336, 344-351, 356, 361, 372, 373. characteristics of basketry of =41=: 230, 233. designs of, related to Tlingit =41=: 374. of Athapascan stock =41=: 373.

=Child= application of the term =42=: 83, 92. blessed by gentes =43=: 71 sq. cradling of =35=: 658. gesture signs for =10=: 643 sq. giving of gentile names =36=: 50. illegitimate =35=: 1075, 1094, 1106. love of parent for =36=: 50. method of carrying =40=: 47. newborn, treated by mother of twins =35=: 667. newborn, treatment of =42=: 360. newborn, washing of =35=: 652, 656. rite of anointing the =22, ii=: 222-226. rite of blessing the =22, ii=: 256-259. rite of cleansing the, with water =22, ii=: 216 sqq., 351. rite of painting the =22, ii=: 227-234. rite of putting the symbols on the =22, ii=: 235-242. rite of seeking the =22, ii=: 201 sqq., 345. rite of touching the =22, ii=: 214-222, 348. sex of, known before birth =40=: 47. signs for =1=: 304, 356. symbolism of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 346. ten-months old, painting of 35: 933. thank offering for the =22, ii=: 246. See also =Children=; =Daughter=; =Son=.

=Child Bearing=, age of =46=: 513.

=Child Flogging=, ceremonial of, at Walpi and Hano =21=: 69.

=Child-naming= among the Mandan =15=: 241. ceremony, meaning of =43=: 30.

=Child-naming Rituals=, importance of =43=: 31.

=Child-naming Wi´-gi-e= =43=: 75-84.

=Childbirth= among northern Indians =11=: 271. among the Omahas =3=: 263. among the Pima =26=: 185 sq. among the Tlingit =26=: 429. beliefs concerning =11=: 511, 516; =40=: 491 ceremonials connected with =11=: 132. customs connected with =40=: 317 sqq., 463; =42=: 358-362, 698; =44=: 221 sqq.; =45=: 166, 278 sq.; =46=: 429, 516 sq. ease of delivery in =40=: 47; =42=: 361. Eskimo customs relating to =9=: 86, 414 sq.; =18=: 289 sqq. medical practices connected with =42=: 658, 662, 665, 670. references to =27=: 584, 585. shamanism in =40:= 319. See also =Birth=; =Conception=; =Pregnancy=.

=Childhood=, customs relating to =11=: 190, 482.

=Childers, Ellis= acknowledgment to =42=: 32. ceremonies described by =42=: 551, 556. Chiaha chief =42=: 551. Chiaha square ground described by =42=: 230. information obtained from =42=: 603.

=Children= adoption of, among the Eskimo =9=: 419; =18=: 290. affection of parents for =9=: 417 sqq.; =38=: § 911. age of, at initiation =47=: 135. among the Pima =26=: 104, 185 sqq. amusements of =9=: 417; =27=: 362-366, 369 sq. at religious ceremonies =47=: 541 sq. baby names abandoned =27=: 117. begetting of =30=: 325 sq. behavior of =46=: 520. betrothal of =44=: 228. binas for =30=: 285, 286. birth of, burning of cord =30=: 323. birth-mark of =30=: 326. burial of =9=: 426 sq.; =41=: 499, 520 sq., 537, 546, 547, 560, 598, 601, 604; =42=: 390. care and training of =27=: 327 sq. care of =42=: 363; =46=: 444. care of, in times of war =13=: 350. ceremonially flogged =15=: 283, 284, 308. ceremony connected with =47=: 42. clothing of =45=: 72. condition among Northern Indians =11=: 269. conduct of =47=: 135. consecration of boy to Thunder =27=: 122-128. correction of =46=: 520. crying of =30=: 171. customs concerning =30=: 319-326; =40=: 269; =46=: 519. dancing of, at gens festival =40=: 225 sq. decapitation of, in war =37=: 161. deceased, food for =47=: 276. deformed, cause of =30=: 187, 371. deformed, sacrifice of =30=: 325. delivery =30=: 321, 323, 326. desire for =30=: 187. disposal of, on death of father =45=: 172. disposition of, in cases of divorce =42=: 371, 374, 377. divided in separation =35=: 895. dolls distributed to =15=: 283, 288. education of =42=: 363-367; =44=: 222 sqq.; =45=: 281 sq. Eskimo =46=: 37, 96. Eskimo, crania =46=: 294-299, 310. Eskimo, introduction into kashim of =18=: 286. Eskimo, method of naming =18=: 289, 424. Eskimo, myths concerning =11=: 265. Eskimo, number of births of =9=: 38 sq., 414, 419. Eskimo of Point Barrow, number of, among =9=: 38 sq. Eskimo, physical characteristics of =18=: 28. Eskimo, temperament of =18=: 308. exempt from sweat baths =27=: 585. feeding of, by fathers =22, ii=: 105-117. fostering of =45=: 281. food of =30=: 295. frightened by katcina =47=: 937. frightened in ceremony =15=: 282. games of =38=: § 609-622. gestures of young =1=: 276. gifts to, by katcinas =15=: 295. given away by parents =9=: 419. grief over loss of =46=: 573. hardening of =42=: 366. illegitimate, care of =42=: 354. in Wa´waⁿ ceremony =27=: 379 sq. Indian, Eskimo, Yukon =46=: 161. inducing birth of =30=: 84, 85, 96, 325 sq. infanticide =9=: 416 sq. initiated into K’atsina cult =47=: 42. initiation of, in Navaho ceremonial =8=: 266, 267. initiation of, into Katcina organization =47=: 71-75. instruction of =37=: 180. introduction into tribe =27=: 117. introduction to Cosmos =27=: 115 sq. isolation of mother during birth of =9=: 86, 415. killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 876, 877, 885. male, most desirable =46=: 521. marriage of =42=: 371. means of having =35=: 644. medicines for =30=: 49, 51, 55, 62; =47=: 218. method of carrying during infancy =9=: 415 sq. mortality among =46=: 513. mortuary customs for =40=: 321, 453-461. naming of =11=: 190; =44=: 187, 188; =47=: 318. naming of, among Borinqueños =25=: 47. native, at Anvik =46=: 59. of chiefs, prominence of =45=: 263. Omaha, target arrows of the =13=: 286. omens =30=: 275. ordeals, in bearing =30=: 319-322. orphan, care of =46=: 576. Osage, naming of =15=: 237. part taken by, in ceremony =47=: 86. Picurís, stories told to =41=: 84. playthings (dolls) of =9=: 380 sq. presented to the sun =47=: 134, 635. prohibited from seeing ceremonies =15=: 288. prohibited from seeing masks =15=: 296. property of =27=: 362; =38=: § 736, 915. puberty ceremony of =27=: 128-133. punishment to =42=: 363 sq. rearing and education of =9=: 417 sq.; =47=: 218 sq. rites connected with =27=: 597. sacred shell intrusted to =27=: 455, 457. selection and duties of =22, ii=: 18, 19. sickness of, cause of =30=: 171. singeing of hair of =35=: 825, 827. Siouan games of =15=: 174. spirits =30=: 324 sq. sympathetic magic practiced on =9=: 383 sqq. term of nursing =9=: 415. torture of, as captives =46=: 551, 552. toys of =9=: 376-383. training of =44=: 207; =45=: 161. treatment of =37=: 178; =40=: 169, 321. treatment of, in war =27=: 403, 426. uninitiated =35=: 919. Western Eskimo, notes on =46=: 213, 227. whipping of, at initiation =47=: 72. whipping ordeal of =45=: 168, 282. See also =Boys=; =Child=; =Children=, =Omaha=; =Education=; =Etiquette=; =Girls=; =Infants=; =Pregnancy=; =Puberty=; =Stillborn=.

=Children, Omaha= adoption of =3=: 265, 281. clothing of =3=: 265. diseases of =3=: 265. games of =3=: 340, 341. life of =3=: 265. number of =3=: 264.

=Children’s Amusements= =24=: 30, 31, 715 sq.

=Children’s Dance.= See =Wahikwinema=.

=Children’s Diseases=, remedies used for =42=: 656, 657, 658, 665, 666, 668, 669.

=Chile= acknowledgments to officials of =18=: XXIX. petroglyphs in =10=: 159 sq. researches in =30=: 11-15.

=Chile= coriander used with =30=: 66. food seasoned with =30=: 69, 70.

=Chilhowee= myth concerning =19=: 375. threatened burning of, in 1792 =19=: 73.

=Chilicoti=, Sonora tree =26=: 176.

=Chilivik= =46=: 204.

=Chilkat= (= Tlingit locality). clan =26=: 408, 410, 413, 415, 418. description of feast at =26=: 430.

=Chilkat= (= Tlingit tribe). calendar of =26=: 427. clans and house groups of =26=: 404. games of the =24=: hand game 287 sq. stick games 243 sq. mention of =26=: 396. phratries and clans of =26=: 400. towns of =26=: 397.

=Chilkat Indians= cedar bark blankets made by =10=: 217. ceremonial garments of =10=: 429 sq. pictographs made by =10=: 217.

=Chilkoot=, a Tlingit town =26=: 397. clans of =26=: 413 sq.

=Chilla= day symbol discussed =16=: 207. meaning of =16=: 213.

=Chillicothe, Ohio= a Shawnee settlement =42=: 785. builders of mounds about =20=: 194. earthworks near =13=: XXVII. mounds near =1=: 117, 118; =5=: 46. pottery from near =20=: 193. trail near =42=: 786.

=Chilliwhack=, stick games of the =24=: 249.

=Chilluckittequaw=, a Chilûktkwa synonym =14=: 741.

=Chillúla Tribe=, mention of =7=: 132.

=Chilocco= Reserve, establishment of =18=: 916. School, Kiowa children at =17=: 352.

=Chilû´ktkwa=, sketch of the =14=: 741.

=Chimakuan Family= =7=: 62, 63.

=Chimakum= habitat and population of =7=: 62. language, grammar of =26=: XXII.

=Chimalpopoca Codex= interpretation of mythic concept in =16=: 221. mention of =3=: 46.

=Chimaphila Umbellata=, use of =44=: 288, 360.

=Chimaphila Umbellata Occidentalis= =45=: 462, 476, 494.

=Chimarikan Family= =7=: 63.

=Chimayo=, blankets of the =29=: 342.

=Chimehuevis= in Pima-Yuma battle =26=: 47.

=Chimmesyan Family= =7=: 63 sqq.

=Chimmesyan Stock= implements employed by, in stick games =24=: 227. tribes of the =24=: Niska 240, 281, 471, 628, 709, 736. Tsimshian 240, 736.

=Chimnahpum=, a Chämnä´pûm synonym =14=: 739.

=Chimnapoos=, a Chämnä´pûm synonym =14=: 739.

=Chimneys= absence of, at Sikyatki =17=: 646. absence of, in Verde cavate lodges =13=: 187, 256, 257. described and figured =8=: 167-180. not built by the Menomini =14=: 253. remains of, at Matoaki =8=: 86. remains of, at Tusayan =8=: 102. remains of, at Zuñi =8=: 111. traces of K’iakima =8=: 85. See also =Fireplaces=.

=Chimney-hoods=, how constructed =8=: 169-175.

=Chimney-like Structures= at ruined Pueblo in Arizona, description of =22, i=: 49. discussion of =16=: 182-190. in Casa Blanca =16=: 110. in cliff kiva =16=: 125, 129. in cliff outlook =16=: 144. in cliff ruins =16=: 119. in Mummy Cave ruin =16=: 113, 115, 116.

=Chimu, Peru=, ornamentation of “Hall of Arabesques” at =6=: 251, 252.

=Chin Beard=, account of =26=: 50 sq.

=China= coast of, connected with America =14=: 513, 526. petroglyphs in =10=: 185.

=China= day symbol discussed =16=: 232.

=Chinachichibat=, native name of Dog soldiers =14=: 986.

=Chiĭ´nachinĕ´na=, an Arapaho priestly order =14=: 989.

=Chinaman=, Tewa name for =29=: 573.

=Chinaware=, fragments of, taken from mound =44=: 167.

=Chinax= day symbol discussed =16=: 258.

=Chine Berry= =33=: 98.

=Chinese= characters, connected with signs =1=: 356, 357. characters, expedient of the, in place of signs =1=: 306. conventional characters of =10=: 649 sq. ideographs and gesture signs of =10=: 637, 642, 643, 644, 645. ideographs by, for sickness =10=: 590. ideographs for prisoners by =10=: 600. Indian belief of origin of =14=: 721. mnemonic devices of =10=: 226, 227. mourning colors of =10=: 631. resemblance of British Columbia Indians to =46=: 33. resemblance of, to Indians =46=: 36. symbolic writing of =10=: 618. topographic representations by =10=: 344.

=Chingassanoo=, reservation at =18=: 756.

=Chinig= =46=: 196, 200.

=Chinking= of cliff dwelling masonry =16=: 102 sqq., 107 sq., 118, 123, 127, 142, 144, 148, 150 sq., 159 sq. of walls =13=: 248.

=Chinlee Valley= description of =17=: 478. ruins in =16=: 80.

=Chino Valley, Ariz.= early migration into =28=: 218. references to =28=: 196, 204, 215. ruins of =28=: 201, 216.

=Chinook= aerial burial in canoes of the =1=: 171. aquatic burial of =1=: 180. dictionary and grammar of =23=: XXXV. games of the =24=: four-stick game 327. hand game 281 sq., 300. racket 562, 563, 673. stick games 240. hypnotism among the =14=: 762. jargon =1=: 313. land cessions and reservations =18=: 832. linguistic studies among the =24=: XXII. mourning cradle of =1=: 181, 182.

=Chinook Dictionary=, in preparation =24=: XXI sq.

=Chinook Indians= burial vaults of the =10=: 523 sq. medicine-bag of the =10=: 504.

=Chinook Jargon= character and use of =19=: 187 sq. introduction of =45=: 261. use of =45=: 373.

=Chinook Language=, grammatical notes on =26=: XXI, XXII.

=Chinook Texts= memoir on =15=: XLVI, L, LIV, LXII. See also =Boas, F=.

=Chinook Tribe=, mention of =41=: 136.

=Chinookan Bibliography= preparation of =15=: XXIII, XXVI, XXXI, XXXV. work on =14=: XLIII.

=Chinookan Family= =7=: 65 sq.

=Chinookan Languages=, bibliography of =13=: XLI.

=Chinookan Stock= implements employed by, in stick games =24=: 227. tribes of the =24=: Chinook 240, 281, 573. Clackama 328. Clatsop 282, 782. Dalles Indians 158, 307. Wasco 282, 472.

=Chinquapin, Water= a sacred food =39=: 195. See also =Nelumbo Lutea=.

=Chiogenes Hispaniola= beverage made from =44=: 317. use of =44=: 288, 307.

=Chip-chip Shell Heap=, description of =34=: 66 sq.

=Chi´pia=, settlement of party of gods at =23=: 407.

=Chipiapoos= in Potawatomi myth =14=: 207.

=Chipmunk= in Menomini myth =14=: 229. representation of, in Hopi katcina masks =21=: 116. stripes on, in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 253.

=Chipmunk Katcina.= See =Kona=.

=Chippewa= burial superstitions of =1=: 200. confederation of, with Cherokee =18=: 841. confederation of, with Potawatomi =18=: 779. derivation of the name =42=: 12 sq. games of the =24=: dice games 61-68. double ball 648, 650 sq. European games 791. hidden ball 340 sqq., 351. hoop and pole 427, 446. racket 562, 563, 564-567, 568, 573, 611, 616. ring and pin 533 sq. shinny 620 sq. snow-snake 401 sqq., 404, 405. stick games 229. tops 734. grave posts of the =4=: 199 sq. land cessions and reservations =18=: 648, 650, 654 sqq., 666 sqq., 674 sqq., 680 sqq., 684-688, 698 sqq., 702 sqq., 710 sqq., 714, 716 sqq., 722 sqq., 750, 756 sqq., 764, 766, 768, 776 sqq., 780, 794 sqq., 802 sqq., 810, 812, 816, 820, 826, 828, 830 sqq., 834, 840, 844 sqq., 856, 858, 862, 866, 870, 874, 886, 894, 904, 908, 912, 916, 918, 934-938, 944. relations with the Omaha =27=: 102. scaffold burials of the =1=: 161,162. See also =Ojibwa=.

=Chippewa Customs=, preparation of paper on =45=: 11.

=Chippewa Ethnobotany=, preparation of paper on =45=: 11.

=Chippewa Indians= mourning among the =1=: 184. mourning colors of =10=: 630. papers on =41=: 37, 60. plants used by =44=: 285-397. practice of tattooing by the =10=: 406 sq. researches among the =41=: 13 sq. visit of, to Washington =34=: 28. widows among =1=: 184, 185. See also =Chippewa=.

=Chippewa Music= paper on =34=: 26. researches in =29=: 19. study of =30=: 21, 23, 24.

=Chippewa Texts=, revision of =45=: 5.

=Chippewanaung=, treaties of =18=: 762.

=Chippeway.= See =Ojibwa=.

=Chippeway River=, wild rice in =19=: 1034.

=Chippewyan= games of the =24=: archery 385. hand game 272. population of the =7=: 55. tattooing of the =4=: 65.

=Chipped Stone= articles of, discussion of =13=: 132. implements of, Seriland scarcity of =17=: 241* sq., 246* sq.

=Chipping= stone, how accomplished =13=: 139. See also =Arrowheads=.

=Chiquito, Colo.= =4=: 306.

=Chiribias=, a Zapotec goddess =16=: 255.

=Chiricacua Apache= Tewa names for the =29=: 573. See also =Apache= (Chiricahua).

=Chiricahua Mountains=, field work in =22, i=: XIII.

=Chiricahua Reserve= discontinuance of =18=: 888. establishment of =18=: 860.

=Chiriqui, Colombia= Ancient Art of the Province of, by W. H. Holmes =6=: 13-187. character of pottery of =20=: 20. collection from tombs at =6=: XLIX. cup sculptures in =10=: 193 sq. paper on decorations in =20=: 65.

=Chironomia=, by Rev. Gilbert Austin =1=: 289.

=Chisca= object of De Soto’s search =41=: 610. Spanish visits to =19=: 23, 27, 201.

=Chisels= aboriginal method of making =15=: 68. and scrapers described =13=: 83. antler =45=: 218. copper, types of =37=: 88. distribution of =15=: 142. fossil shell =34=: 80, 137. how finished =15=: 26. method of hafting =15=: 112. mention of =25=: 192. of the Eskimo =9=: 172 sq.; =18=: 86 sq. of stone =34=: 94 sq., 135; =45=: 41. used in steatite working =13=: 72; =15=: 28, 116, 121, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128.

=Chisholm, John D.=, deputized by the Cherokee to treat =5=: 212.

=Chisholm.= See =Chesholm=.

=Chistiakof, P. E.= =46=: 126.

=Chitimacha= adultery punished by the =42=: 697. beliefs of the =42=: 482, 710. ceremony of the =42=: 707. fasting among the =40=: 547. hair dressing of the =42=: 684. head flattening of the =42=: 686. information concerning clans of the =42=: 118. linguistic material of the =30=: 19. poisoning practiced by the =42=: 697. puberty customs of the =42=: 698. religious beliefs of the =42=: 709. researches among the =28=: 12; =30=: 18, 22. smoke holes used by the =42=: 688. social customs of the =42=: 695. the brachycephalic type =42=: 677.

=Chitimacha Culture Area=, features of the =42=: 716.

=Chitimacha Language= dictionary of the =29=: 13. grammatical sketch of the =39=: 13.

=Chitimachan Family= mention of =7=: 66 sq. possibly allied to the Attacapan =7=: 57.

=Chitimachan Group=, linguistic relations of =42=: 678.

=Chitnak=, mention of =46=: 212.

=Chiton= as a charm, used in childbirth =35=: 650 sq. boiled =35=: 483. eaten by poor people =35=: 488. eaten raw =35=: 485. gathering of =35=: 480. large, baked =35=: 486. large, boiled =35=: 487. large, gathering of =35=: 484. names of =35=: 480. roasted =35=: 480, 482.

=Chitto Hadjo=, headquarters of =42=: 251.

=Chiukak= =46=: 196, 200.

=Chiulee Creek, Ariz.=, petroglyphs on =10=: 51.

=Chivaria, Juan=, in fight at “Bloody Tanks” =26=: 50.

=Chivington=, Colonel --, Cheyenne massacre by =17=: 180, 183; =19=: 209. on Indian affairs in 1863 =17=: 314.

=Chivington and Wounded Knee Massacres=, comparison of =14=: 881.

=Chivola=, meaning of name =26=: 24.

=Chiwiwa, Manuel=, hunt chief =47=: 261.

=Chiwiwa, Merihildo=, war chief =47=: 260.

=Chiwiwi, Maria=, pottery made by =47=: 351.

=Chiylla.= See =Chilla=.

=Choah= symbol in Troano Codex =16=: 234.

=Chobahahbish.= See =Dwamish=.

=Choch=, meaning of =16=: 237.

=Chocha= (or =Chuchon=), number names of =19=: 872, 930.

=Choco=, meaning of =16=: 242.

=Choco, Panama=, method of forming numbers =19=: 917.

=Chocolate Grinders= of the Antilleans =34=: 223, 224. See also =Grinders=.

=Choctaw= addicted to gaming =42=: 457. attitude of the, in Civil War =19=: 148. attitude of the, in Creek War =19=: 90, 91. ball game of the =14=: 129. beliefs of the =42=: 497, 710. Cherokee relations with =19=: 72, 390. communal burial of the =12=: 677. customs of the =42=: 424, 700, 702, 707. deficiencies of, in swimming =42=: 399. demonstration by the, against the English =42=: 421. dictionary of, publication of =30=: 19. dwellings of the =42=: 687, 688. funeral ceremonies of the =1=: 186. games of the =24=: dice games 146. hoop and pole 421, 485 sq. racket 562, 563, 598-605. tossed ball 709. hair dressing of the =42=: 683. head flattening of the =42=: 686. in Texas, union of, with the Cherokee =19=: 143. land cessions and reservations =18=: 559 sq., 636, 650, 660, 662, 664, 672, 684, 700 sqq., 708, 726, 764 sqq., 796, 806 sqq., 840. mound burial of the =1=: 120. mourning customs of the =42=: 383. myths of the =19=: 501. name for Cherokee =19=: 15 sq., 182 sq. names of the, for the seasons =42=: 400. names for Indian tribes =19=: 182 sq. of Muskhogean stock =42=: 677. physical measurements of the =43=: 14. population of the =7=: 95. proportion of warriors to population =14=: 33. prostitution among the =42=: 697. reference to the =28=: 12. reference to scaffold burial of the =42=: 235. scaffold burial of the =1=: 169. sketch of the =19=: 500. social divisions of the =42=: 695. source of strength of the =42=: 324. sources of information on the =42=: 680. tattooing among the =42=: 686. the brachycephalic type =42=: 677. trail used by the =42=: 811. type of buildings of the =42=: 191. use of discoidal stones by the =13=: 99. wars of the, with the Alabama =42=: 425, 426. woven pouches and blankets of the =13=: 24. See also =Choctaw Indians=.

=Choctaw, Chickasaw, Cherokee and Creek=, boundary between =5=: 205.

=Choctaw Culture Area=, features of =42=: 716.

=Choctaw Dictionary= =29=: 23; =30=: 19, 24; 36: 29.

=Choctaw Indians= ancient notices of =10=: 347. bowl made by (1800) =20=: 102. collection of information regarding =40=: 5. election of chiefs of =44=: 215. mode of divination of =10=: 494 sq. preparation of paper on =44=: 4. recent practice of potter’s art by =20=: 130. traditional separation of, from Chickasaw =44=: 177. See also =Choctaw=.

=Choctaw Language=, dictionary of =34=: 26.

=Choctaw-Muskhogee Family= of Gallatin =7=: 94.

=Choctaw Towns= description of, by J. Adair =7=: 40. trails through =42=: 823.

=Choctawhatchee Bay=, pottery of =20=: 108-112.

=Chocuyem=, a Moquelumnan dialect =7=: 92.

=Choenemnee= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Chohoptins=, a Sahaptin synonym =14=: 744.

=Choich=, meaning of =16=: 234.

=Choinuck= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Choiskai Mountains=, description of =17=: 477.

=Chokecherry= beverage made from =44=: 317. mention of =33=: 88. use of =44=: 291, 321, 369; =45=: 477, 490. used in basketry =41=: 145, 148. See also =Prunus Virginiana=.

=Chokimena= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Chol= method of forming numbers above ten =19=: 906. number names of =19=: 862.

=Cholceh=, equivalent to xolke =16=: 233.

=Cholera= among the Indians =4=: 142. among the Kiowa =17=: 173. among the Pima =26=: 42 sq. epidemic of 1849 =17=: 289.

=Cholera, Asiatic=, cedar used as a remedy for =33=: 64.

=Cholera Infantum=, treatment for =44=: 346.

=Cholla Cactus= character of =26=: 92. in Pima tales =26=: 243, 249.

=Cholovone=, division of the Mariposan =7=: 90.

=Cholula Pyramid, Mexico=, visited by Dr. J. W. Fewkes =26=: XV.

=Chónshitá=, treaty of 1867 signed by =17=: 186.

=Chontal=, number names of =19=: 862.

=Chooch=, meaning of =16=: 237.

=Chookchancie= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Chopawomsie Island=, village sites on =15=: 71.

=Chopped Oak=, traditions concerning =19=: 415 sq.

=Chopping Block= =35=: 514.

=“Chopping” Fish= =38=: § 190.

=Choptank Indian=, grant of land to =18=: 573 sqq.

=Chopunnish= a Pä´lus synonym =14=: 735. a Sahaptin synonym =14=: 744. population of the =7=: 107.

=Choris, Louis= =46=: 219, 231. on dice games, Olamentke =24=: 144.

=Chorus= appearance of, in Buffalo dance =21=: 30, 31. appearance of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 44, 48, 77, 93. appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 88.

=Cho-se-ta.= See =Chónshitá=.

=Chota=, trail through =42=: 750.

=Chota Ford=, trail from =42=: 841.

=Chote.= See =Echota=.

=Choukeka’s Village=, location of =37=: 51.

=Chouteau, Auguste= an early Kiowa trader =17=: 262. Menomini treaty commissioner =14=: 20, 21. reference to map of =18=: 751. trading post of =17=: 171, 263. treaty commissioner in 1837 =17=: 170.

=Chow Le (Li?)=, on making ancient Chinese arrows =24=: 213.

=Chowanoc=, perhaps a Tuscarora tribe =7=: 79.

=Chowchilla= games of the =24=: hand game 294. hoop and pole 484. shinny 631. land cessions and reservations =18=: 782, 822.

=Chozetta=, a Biloxi division =15=: 164.

=Christ=, as an Acoma supernatural =47=: 67.

=Christening=, mode of =30=: 306.

=Christian=, Col. =William= expedition under =19=: 50. life of =19=: 205 sq. peace agreement arranged by =19=: 51, 53. report of, cited =42=: 766.

=Christian Art=, significance of color in =10=: 622 sq.

=Christian Ceremonies=, similarity of, to Indian =47=: 976.

=Christian Indians= land cessions and reservations by =18=: 650, 704, 706, 792. See also =Munsee=.

=Christian Influence= =42=: 55 sq., 78, 482 sq.

=Christian Religion= attitude of chiefs toward =42=: 320. Zuñi attitude toward =47=: 494.

=Christianity= among the Cherokee =19=: 37 sq., 83 sq., 110-113. among the East Cherokee =19=: 166. effect of, on Indian ceremonials =14=: 718. how regarded by the Hopi =16=: 299. influence of, in Indian religion =14=: 699. influence of, in Shaker religion =14=: 750, 761. influence of, on the Kiowa =14=: 1088. introduction of, at Kituwha =19=: 165. See also =Civilization=; =Missionaries=.

=Christianization of Indians=, jugglery opposed to =14=: 138, 139.

=Christmas=, ceremonies connected with =47=: 106.

=Christmas Dancing= =47=: 303-306.

=Christmas Food= =9=: 547.

=Christy, Henry= human masks from Mexico secured by =3=: 96. mention of =46=: 333, 370. on symbols =4=: 82.

=Christy Collection=, wooden mask in =3=: 104.

=Chronometry= of the Eskimo =18=: 234 sq.

=Chronologic Arrangement= =12=: 28.

=Chronology= attempted by the Indians, system of =4=: 127. Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 116, 120 sqq., 123, 128. Iroquoian pottery =20=: 162. Lower Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 102 sq. Mayan, Goodman’s system of =19=: 792-800. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 82. New Jersey-New England pottery =20=: 178, 179. Northwestern pottery =20=: 143. of the Kiowa =17=: 365. pictographic =10=: 265-328. South Appalachian pottery =20=: 139, 142 sqq. value of simplicity of ware in determining =20=: 24. See also =Modern Pottery-making=.

=Chuac=, symbol in Maya hieroglyphs =16=: 226.

=Chuc=, meaning of =16=: 232.

=Chuch=, significance of =16=: 225.

=Chuchon.= See =Chocha=

=Chuck Billy=, reference to =40=: 43.

=Chuen= and akbal symbols compared =16=: 221, 225. day symbol, discussion of =16=: 212, 241. discovery concerning, by Goodman =19=: 711. in Mayan chronology, value of =22, i=: 204. symbol for =22, i=: 223.

=Chuenche=, definition of =16=: 243.

=Chugachigmut Masks= =3=: 120, 128.

=Chuhe= method of forming numbers above ten =19=: 905. number names of =19=: 863, 880.

=Chukchansi= games of the =24=: dice games 138. football 698, 702. foot-cast ball 711. hoop and pole 482. hot ball 714. shinny 680.

=Chukchee= affinities with the Eskimo =46:= 365. attempt at Kaltag =46=: 55. attempted invasion of Seward Peninsula =46=: 86, 117, 118. clothing of the =18=: 30. Eskimo battlefields =46=: 86. ethnologic specimens from the =18=: 21. houses of the =46=: 169. influence on Eskimo of the =18=: 23. measurements of the =46=: 259. mixture with the Eskimo =46=: 226. of Asia =7=: 74. of Asia (Siberia), tattooing of the =10=: 414. paddles used by the =18=: 225. sleds used by the =18=: 208. trading voyages by the =18=: 230. trading with the American natives =46=: 96 sq. use of bolas by the =18=: 135.

=Chukchee Crania= basiofacial diameter =46=: 279-282. facial =46=: 266. facial angles =46=: 285. means =46=: 286. mention of =46=: 254, 257. nose =46=: 268, 270.

=Chukchee-Eskimo= half-bloods, physical characteristics of =18=: 28.

=Chukchee Grammar= =33=: 29.

=Chukchee Language= paper on =36=: 30. work on =34=: 20.

=Chukchee Peninsula= mention of =46=: 177, 238, 361. old sites =46=: 210, 213. skulls from =46=: 231, 232, 234, 237.

=Chukubi= description of =8=: 58, 59. fragments of passage wall at =8=: 181. pueblo built by the Squash people =8=: 25. ruins of, discussion of =17=: 583.

=Chukwhûk=, description of =18=: 248.

=Chumanas Indians, Brazil= dyes used by the =10=: 222. totem marks of the =4=: 167.

=Chumash Indians= preparation of data on =44=: 5. shell drilling by the =14=: 266. study of ethnobotany of the =44=: 6.

=Chumashan= family =7=: 67, 68. languages, Salinan held to be dialects of =7=: 101.

=Chumashan Indians= studies of the =40=: 10. work among the =45=: 3.

=Chumashan Stock= mention of =24=: 472, 628 sq. studied by J. P. Harrington =37=: 16; =38=: p. 11.

=Chumâ´wa=, a Pit River band =14=: 1052.

=Chumayel=, Chronicle of, on value of ahau in Maya calendar system =19=: 717.

=Chumpo=, an Acoma leader, reference to =47=: 27.

=Chungke.= See =Chunkey Game=.

=Chungke Game= =13=: 99.

=Chunkey Game= description of =42=: 466, 706; =44=: 243 sq. mention of =24=: 485 sq., 487, 510, 512 sq.

=Chunkey Pole= description of =42=: 188, 189 sq. location of =42=: 175, 176.

=Chunkey Stones= care of =42=: 466. town property =42=: 337.

=Chunkey Yard= description of =42=: 175, 176, 188, 190. location of =42=: 171. origin of the term =42=: 189. plan of =42=: 176.

=Chunkey Yards=, mention of =24=: 486 sqq., 512 sq.

=Chunute= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Chup=, meaning of =16=: 253.

=Chu´pawa=, choir of =23=: 475.

=Church=, Captain --, on scalping by the whites =19=: 208.

=Church= at Zuñi, desecration of =13=: 337. at Zuñi, how regarded by the natives =13=: 335, 337. at Zuñi, when built =13=: 332, 333. Hawikuh =8=: 81, 138. in court of Zuñi =8=: 98, 138, 148. Ketchipauan, remains of =8=: 81, 82. Old Mohegan =43=: 254 sq. services, Catholic, at Acoma =47=: 32. Shumopavi, established by Spanish monks =8=: 75, 76. See also =Churches=; =Mission=.

=Church-going= among the Eskimo =18=: 421.

=Churches= established in Zuñi and Tusayan =8=: 224. establishment of, among the Kiowa =17=: 219. Indian, mention of =42=: 191.

=Churchill, Ownsham=, on Mexican calendar system =19=: 935.

=Chuuc=, meaning of =16=: 232.

=Ci= day symbol discussed =16=: 229. definition of =16=: 262.

=Cia Tribe=, Acoma separated from =47=: 24.

=Ciawis=, a Kiowa synonym =17=: 148.

=Cib=, day symbol discussed =16=: 224, 252.

=Cibola= architecture of =23=: XLV. architecture of, compared with that of Tusayan =8=: 100-223. captured by Coronado =14=: LVII, 388, 556, 565, 573. cartographic history of =14=: 403. Castañeda’s description of =14:= 482. city of =19=: 650. Coronado at =47=: 23. Coronado’s description of =14=: 558. description of =14=: 517, 565, 569, 573. description of, by Indians of Sonora =14=: 356. extent of range of =14=: 358. identification of =17=: 595. identification of ancient cities of =6=: XLVI. identification of, with Zuñi country =13=: 325, 367. meaning of name =26=: 24. pottery of =4=: 297, 307, 316, 321, 343, 344, 356. references to =28=: 117, 120. ruins and inhabited villages of =8=: 80, 99. settlement of cities of =13=: 427. stories of, inspired by Friar Marcos =14=: 364. See also =Zuñi=.

=Cicer Arietinum Linn.=, Pima food plant =26=: 73.

=Cicuic.= See =Cicuye=.

=Cicuique.= See =Cicuye=.

=Cicuta Maculata=, use of =44=: 288, 377.

=Cicuta Vagans= =45=: 476, 513.

=Cicuye= Alvarado’s visit to =14=: 491. cartographic history of =14=: 403. description of =14=: 523, 525. description of, by companions of Coronado =14=: 570, 575. description of, by Jaramillo =14=: 587. Indians from, visit Coronado =14=: 490. river of, crossed by Spaniards =14=: 504, 510. siege of, by Spaniards =14=: 511. synonymous with Pecos =14=: 391. treachery of Indians at =14=: 509. visit of Coronado to =14=: 502.

=Çiⁿ´dexoⁿxoⁿ=, group under, account of =27=: 178, 179 sq.

=Çiⁿ´-dse-a-gthe=, a tribal division =39=: 82.

=Çiⁿ´-dse-a-gthe Gens= Ni´-ki ritual of the =36=: 272 sqq. offices of the =39=: 92. personal names of the =43=: 146.

=Cienega=, Pueblo ruin near =22, i=: 187.

=Cigar; Cigarette= =38=: § 283.

=Cigarette, Cane=, Casa Grande =28=: 135, 142 sq.

=Cigarette Leaves=, origin of =30=: 336.

=Cigarettes= among the Pima, ceremonial use =26=: 347. among the Pima, in medicine =26=: 260, 267. among the Pima, in mythology =26=: 340, 344, 352, 359, 360, 363. among the Pima, in song =26=: 336, 337. bearer of, ceremony of =23=: 146. ceremonial use of =47=: 118, 132. in Hopi ceremony =17=: 735. of reeds, in sacrificial caves =17=: 736. smoking of, ceremonial =23=: 125. used in medicine =30=: 52, 54. See also =Pipe=; =Smoking=; =Tobacco=.

=Ciguaner Indians=, war colors of =10=: 632 sq.

=Ciguayos=, a Cuban tribe =34=: 255.

=Ci-ho=, legendary Pima hero =45=: 71.

=Cimarrones-Migueletes War=, record of =17=: 83.

=Cimex Fraternity= (Pe´shäᵗsilo`kwe). medicines of =30=: 39, 46. of the Zuñi =23=: 564-568.

=Cimi= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 231. symbol in Dresden Codex =16=: 250. symbol in Troano Codex =16=: 213.

=Cimo=, Hopi chief, on advent of clans at Walpi =19=: 585.

=Cinaloa River= crossed by Coronado =14=: 584. north of New Galicia =14=: 386, 515.

=Cĭn-au´-äv Brothers=, a Shoshone myth =1=: 44, 45.

=Cincinnati= figurine found near =20=: 183. Indian name for =42=: 792. trail to =42=: 789.

=Cincinnati Museum of Art=, acknowledgments to =20=: 16.

=Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway=, trail followed by =42=: 744.

=Cincinnati Southern Railroad=, trail followed by =42=: 842, 843.

=Cincinnati Tablet= =2=: 133.

=Cinder Cones=, ruins in =17=: 532.

=Cinders=, use of, as tempering material =20=: 46.

=Cinerary Urns= from Pueblo Viejo, description of =22, i=: 173, 181 =sq.=

=Cinnamomum=, cultivation of =38=: § 246.

=Cinquefoil= medicinal use of =42=: 667. preparation of =35=: 535. steamed in box =35=: 536. use of =44=: 291, 342; =45=: 469, 494.

=Cinquefoil Feast= =35=: 538-542.

=Cinquefoil Garden= =35=: 189-192.

=Cinquefoil Roots= as tribute to chief =35=: 1335 sqq. bundles of =35=: 191, 192. cooked in kettle =35=: 542. digging of =35=: 188-194. long =35=: 190, 191. long, eaten by chiefs =35=: 541, 544. short =35=: 190, 191. short and long =35=: 539. short, eaten by common people =35=: 541, 544.

=Ci-pa=, an ancient Hopi stopping place =13=: 189.

=Cipactli= Aztec mythical animal, symbolizing the earth =19=: 684. symbol, discussion of =16=: 207, 212. symbol in Borgian Codex =16=: 213.

=Cipaulovi= ceremony at =15=: 299. Snake ceremony at =16=: 273, 276, 296. Snake ceremony, description of =16=: 277-286.

=Cipias= home of =28=: 220. mention of =19=: 598.

=Cipias Pueblo=, location of =22, i=: 23.

=Cipikne= description of picture of =21=: 60. personation of, in Pamürti =21=: 28. representation of, in Pamürti =21=: 27.

=Cipomelli=, description of =21=: 104.

=Circles= decoration by, eastern United States pottery =20=: 67. Iroquoian pottery =20=: 163. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 86. Omaha tribal =3=: 219 sq.

=Circles of Stones=, meaning of =45=: 282.

=Circleville, Ohio=, trails =42=: 756, 786.

=Circling of Cranes=, Eskimo legend of =18=: 480.

=Circuit, Antisunwise= =47=: 284.

=Circular-base Baskets= =38=: § 416-421.

=Circular Doorway= of Kin-tiel, described =8=: 192.

=Circular Houses= =38=: § 300-306.

=Circular Kivas= absent in Cibolan pueblos =8=: 224. antiquity of =8=: 116. traditional references of =8=: 135.

=Circular Mounds= map showing distribution of =37=: 77. See also =Conical Mounds=.

=Circular Room= at Kin-tiel =8=: 93. at Oraibi, Wash. =8=: 54 sq.

=Circular Ruins=, absence of, in Southern Pueblo area. =17=: 576.

=Circular Wall= of kiva near Sikyatki =8=: 117.

=Circumcision= among the Guiana Indians =38=: § 507. among the Machapunga =42=: 698.

=Cirsium= medicinal constituents of =44=: 304. medicinal properties of =44=: 300. use of =44=: 288, 356, 360.

=Cirsium Edule= =45=: 479.

=Cirsium Hookerianum= =45=: 480.

=Cirsium Undulatum= =45=: 480

=Cisca= location of site of =42=: 847. trail from St. Augustine =42=: 846 sq.

=Cisco=, trail to =42=: 854.

=Cisco and Middle Tennessee Trail=, route followed by =42=: 853.

=Cist, Jacob=, vessel collected by =20=: 166.

=Cist= burial, Doracho =1=: 115. burial, excavation of =16=: 101. burial, in cliff ruins =16=: 96, 130. graves, Indians of Illinois =1=: 114. graves, Kentucky =1=: 114, 115. in Awatobi kiva =17=: 612. in cavate lodges =17=: 542. near cavate houses =17=: 543. See also =Cists=.

=Cistercian Monks=, gestures of the =1=: 288, 364.

=Cists= or stone graves =1=: 113. Solutré =1=: 113. Tennessee =1=: 113. See also =Burial=; =Cist=; =Grave=; =Storage Cist=; =Water Pocket=.

=Citadel, The= (at Black Falls of Little Colorado River) building material of =22, i=: 41. view of =22, i=: 43.

=Citico= ambuscade at =19=: 65. an Indian village =42=: 750.

=Cities, Stations, etc.=, named for wild rice =19=: 1117 sq.

=Citizen Potawotomi=, act of Congress affecting =18=: 940.

=Citizenship= Cherokee, recommendation for =19=: 114. in Cherokee Nation, decision of =19=: 152, 154, 156.

=Cītlka´.= See =Sitka=.

=Citoto= appearance of, in Palülükoñti =21=: 52. description of =21=: 95.

=Citrullus Citrullus= =33=: 120.

=Citrullus Vulgaris= Shrad., Pima food plant =26=: 75.

=Citulilü= derivation of =21=: 125. description of =21=: 107, 108. dressed like Hopi Snake priests =21=: 108.

=City Life=, economic limitations of =42=: 726.

=Ciucut=, synonym of Syutjun =44=: 36.

=Civan=, application of term =28=: 46.

=Cívanaváaki=, Pima name for Casa Grande =28=: 33, 43.

=Ci-vă-nŏ= Pima legendary chief =28=: 71. See also =Sí-va-no=.

=Cí-va-nŏ-qi=, name applied to Casa Grande =28=: 71.

=Civics, Primitive=, investigated by American ethnologists =21=: XXI.

=Civil War= Cherokee attitude during the =19=: 148 sq. Cherokee loss in the =19=: 356. Cherokee suffering from the =19=: 148. East Cherokee part in the =19=: 161 sq., 168-172. effect of the, on the Creeks =42=: 330, 332. in the far Southwest =26=: 48, 90. Omaha in the =27=: 635.

=Civilization= autonomy of =17=: 176* sq. economic limitations to =42=: 725 sq. effect of, on the Arapaho and Cheyenne =14=: 1027. effect of, on Indians =14=: 675, 829. effect of, on savagery =14=: 669. effect of, on the Caddo =14=: 1094. in Yukon =46=: 133. influence of protection of, on Pueblo architecture =19=: 642. of the Eskimo =46=: 92, 181, 366. Siouan tribes modified by =15=: 172, 185. See also =Christianity=.

=Ciwanu=, Hopi clan, reference to =19=: 583.

=Ciwikoli= derivation of =21=: 125. description of =21=: 96, 97.

=Clackama= four-stick game of the =24=: 328. land cessions and reservations =18=: 800, 818. population of the =7=: 66.

=Claflin, William=, petition of, for Casa Grande repair =15=: CIII.

=Claiborne=, General -- defeat of Creeks at Holy Ground by =19=: 92. on Alabama migration =19=: 99.

=Claim=, or =Demand= mode of presenting =10=: 374 sq. pictograph for =4=: 159.

=Clairvoyance= at Isleta =47=: 247 sq.

=Clallam= canoe burial of the =1=: 173, 174. games of the =24=: cat’s cradle 772. dice games 155 sq. hand games 299. shinny 632. shuttlecock 717. stick games 249. tops 741. house burial of the =1=: 175. language distinct from Chimakum =7=: 62. tribe, mention of the =41=: 136. population of the =7=: 105.

=Clam Shells= beads of =44=: 163 sq. disks of =44=: 153. in manufacture of ornaments =2=: 263. in manufacture of wampum =2=: 190, 226, 238, 257. medicinal use of =44=: 331. pendants made of =44=: 149, 150. representations of, Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 94, 100. used as implements =2=: 190, 205, 207. utensils of =2=: 190. See also =Pismo Clamshell=.

=Clammy Weed=, used in ceremony =30=: 96.

=Clams, Billy=, a Shaker enthusiast =14=: 756.

=Clams= as bait =35=: 162, 178, 181, 183. dug on beaches =31=: 45. opening of =35=: 179. Seri method of taking and eating =17=: 195*. steamed, with devilfish =35=: 474. with seaweed =35=: 516.

=Clan= adoptive members of =20=: XCV, XCVIII. definition of =15=: CIV, CVII, 213; =20=: XCII sq. features of =19=: XLIX, L. marriage laws of =20=: XCIV, XCVIII-C. members of, living in groups =41=: 553. organization of =17=: XXXII. property laws of =20=: CI. reference to =27=: 195. rites and taboos of =20=: XCIV. system of Siouan Indians =15=: 177, 187. totems of =20=: XCIV. woman determines, among the Pueblo =33=: 219. See also =Clans=; etc.; =Totem=.

=Clan Animals= as guardian spirits =37=: 195 sq. as property mark =37=: 203. attitude toward =37=: 195 sq. painted on beds =42=: 182, 235. relationship to =37=: 196 sqq. See also =Totem=; =Totem Animals=.

=Clan Associations= =42=: 120-158, 165, 166.

=Clan Consciousness= =37=: 435.

=Clan Councils= description of =42=: 122. list of =42=: 123-127. meeting of =42=: 306.

=Clan Designation= =4=: 167.

=Clan Divisions= early data regarding =44=: 191. modern contributions regarding =44=: 191.

=Clan Feasts= nature of =37=: 317. of the Winnebago =37=: 318-321.

=Clan House I, Casa Grande= burial found in =28=: 117, 127, 139. description of =28=: 106-110. excavation and repair of =28=: 41 sq. “Seat” excavation in =28=: 46.

=Clan Masks= sanctity of =21=: 109. unused, description of =21=: 109-112.

=Clan Names=, derived from plants =30=: 37, 86.

=Clan Organization= absent among the Kiowa =17=: 227. discussion of =47=: 202 sq. of the Seri =17=: 10 sq., 166* sq., 168* sq., 269*-274*.

=Clan Revenge=, among Cherokee, abolition of 19: 86 sq., 107.

=Clan Songs= of warrior clans =37=: 219, 220 use of =37=: 204.

=Clan System= comparison of different forms of =42=: 695 sq. of the Antilleans =25=: 33 sq., 42 unknown to the Arapaho =14=: 956. unknown to the Comanche =14=: 1044 unknown to the Kiowa =14=: 1079.

=Clan Totems=, absence of =46=: 435.

=Clan Worship=, germs of, in Snake and Flute societies =19=: 1006.

=Clans= and ceremonies =47=: 39. and initiation =47=: 39. and labor =47=: 39. and marriage =47=: 35, 36, 39. and officials =47=: 38. and sickness or death =47=: 39. Asa, mention of =33=: 266, 267, 273, 279. association of, in moieties =42=: 162-166. associations of, with town =42=: 275. at Laguna =47=: 352. Badger, mention of =33=: 266, 267, 273, 279. Bear, earliest settlers of Walpi =33=: 264. Bear, Flute, Snake =33=: 216, 265. Bear, mention of =33=: 265. Buli (Poli), mention of =33=: 267, 273. Cherokee =19=: 212 sq.; =42=: 118. Chickasaw =19=: 499. Choctaw =19=: 500. classification of katcinas by =21=: 18. conception of tie between members of =37=: 198. connection of =24=: 155. connection of, with offices =42=: 304 sq. customs connected with =42=: 166-170. descent of, from female ancestors =42=: 110. descent of, from totem animals =42=: 110. determination of =19=: 651 sq. discussion of =42=: 114, 118, 126. discussion of seating of =42=: 237-241. distribution of =42=: 267-273. distribution of, with reference to land and town =42=: 170-174. dual division of =42=: 156. exogamous =47=: 34. extinct, Hopi, disposal of masks of =21=: 17. Flute, mention of =33=: 265. formerly occupying Sikyatki =17=: 636. functions of =47=: 39. furnishing chiefs =42=: 50, 192, 197. furnishing henihas =42=: 192-197. grading of =42=: 168. Hano, mention of =33=: 266. henihalgi, discussion of =42=: 194 sq. holding chieftainship, discussion of =42=: 196 sq. how linked into phratries =42=: 121. husbands and wives of =47=: 36. immaterial possessions of =33=: 203. influence of, in marriage =42=: 166 sq. influence of, on ceremonial organization =33=: 204. influence of, on Pueblo architecture =19=: 646 sqq. introduction of katcinas by =21=: 17. Kachina, mention of =33=: 266, 267, 279. Kokop, or Firewood, supposed founders of Sikyatki =33=: 218. list of =37=: 190 sq.; =42=: 115 sqq.; =47=: 35. local separation of =42=: 170. localization of, in Pueblos =16=: 194. marks of identification in =33=: 203. memoir on localization of, in Tusayan =19=: XLI. Muscogee =19=: 499. names of, discussion of =37=: 182. of Awatobi =17=: 610. of Küküchomo and Sikyatki =17=: 587, 588. of the Sia =11=: 19. of the Upper Missouri Indians =46=: 434 sq. of the Zuñi =13=: 368, 372, 386. of Walpi and Sichumovi =19=: 582 sqq. organization of =37=: 190 sqq. origin of =42=: 273 sqq. part taken by, in marriage =42=: 374 sq. political functions of =37=: 199 sqq. position of, in beds or arbors =42=: 197, 200, 241. preceded by village groups =37=: 185. precedence of, in war =42=: 43. property marks of =37=: 79, 203. reciprocal relationships of =37=: 201. relation of katcinas to =21=: 45. relation of, to natural phenomena =13=: 370. retaliation by, for murder =42=: 345. rights of, on war parties =42=: 433. seating of, in council lodge =37=: 163. seating of, summary of =42=: 237. segregation of, after death =42=: 701. Seneca =19=: 483. separation of, in gentes =42=: 165 sq. Shawano =19=: 494. Snake, mention of =33=: 265, 266. songs of =37=: 204. specific possessions of =37=: 202 sq. stories of origin of =42=: 107-114. Tanoan, influence on third ceramic epoch =33=: 217. Tanoan, mention of =33=: 266. Tewa, reference to =29=: 61 sq. Tobacco, mention of =33=: 270, 271. towns, phratries and moieties, tabulation of =42=: 158-162. unit of organization in War-bundle Feast =37=: 436. Zuñi =23=: 40-43. Zuñi, choosing of names =23=: 40. Zuñi, size of =47=: 477. See also =Bear Clan=; =Bird Clan=; =Buffalo Clan=; =Clan=; =Clans, Chickasaw=; =Clans, Tlingit=; =Deer Clan=; =Eagle Clan=; =Elk Clan=; =Fish Clan=; =Hawk Clan=; =Pigeon Clan=; =Snake Clan=; =Soldier Clan=; =Thunderbird Clan=; =Warrior Clan=; =Water-spirit Clan=; =Wolf Clan=.

=Clans, Chickasaw= arrangement of, in groups =44=: 192. chiefs of =44=: 213 sqq. lists of =44=: 192, 196. rank of =44=: 191, 192, 197. stories about =44=: 198-203.

=Clans, Tlingit= by tribes and house groups =26=: 400-407. by tribes and phratries =26=: 398, 400. caste =26=: 427. emblems of =26=: 415, 420. history of =26=: 407-414. influence of racial differences =26=: 408. names of =26=: 421 sqq. spirits belonging to =26=: 465.

=Clapin, Sylva=, on lacrosse =24=: 563.

=Clarence, Port.= See =Port Clarence=.

=Clarendon=, Lord, grant to =18=: 530.

=Clark=, -- assignment of tract to Delawares by =18=: 725. See also =Lewis and Clark=; =Robinson Episode=.

=Clark=, General --, visit to, by Känakûk =14=: 693 sq.

=Clark, Charles W.=, acknowledgments to =42=: 731.

=Clark, John= donation of clay pipe by =12=: 258. house sites on land of, in Mississippi =12=: 258.

=Clark, J. S.=, photographs made by =2=: 252.

=Clark, J. V. H.=, cited =12=: 503, 545, 547.

=Clark=, Miss =May S.= acknowledgment to =11=: 78. retirement of =48=: 21. work of =25=: XXV; =26=: XXXI; =27=: 13; =29=: 24; =37=: 31; =39=: 28; =40=: 20; =41=: 21, 44, 73, 95, 116; =42=: 19; =43=: 19; =44=: 18; =45=: 19; =46=: 16; =47=: 14; =48=: 21.

=Clark, Robert=, appointment of, as steward of Calverton Manor =18=: 573.

=Clark, Thomas F.=, jr. transfer of =36=: 34. work of =36=: 31.

=Clark=, Gov. =William= instructed to end Cherokee hostilities =5=: 22, 222. Menomini treaty commissioner =14=: 20, 21. Osage-Cherokee conference arranged by =19=: 105, 137. Sioux calendar stick found by =26=: 35.

=Clark, W. P.= on absence of clans among Plains tribes =17=: 227. on Apache picture records =17=: 142. on Apache tribal sign =17=: 246. on Bannock chronology =17=: 372. on Cheyenne characteristics =14=: 1027. on Cheyenne divisions =14=: 1025. on Cheyenne early habitat =14=: 1024, 1029. on Crow and Hidatsa separation =17=: 154, 155. on Dakota and Cheyenne chronology =17=: 371, 372. on Kiowa Apache migration =17=: 248. on Kiowa character =17=: 235. on Kiowa divisions =17=: 229. on Kiowa military orders =17=: 230. on Mandan tribal sign =17=: 159. on meaning of Hunkpapa =14=: 1059. on meaning of Ogalala =14=: 1058. on origin of name Pawnee =17=: 291. on Pawnee runners =17=: 260. on Sioux characteristics =14=: 1059. on Sioux custom of beheading =17=: 260. on slaughter of Cheyenne and Kiowa by the Pawnee =17=: 175. on smallpox among the Blackfeet =17=: 275.

=Clark Creek=, reference to =27=: 100.

=Clarke, Ben= on absence of clans among the Cheyenne =14=: 956. local source of sign language =1=: 317.

=Clarke=, Prof. =F. W.= analysis of iron from mound by =5=: 91. analysis of pigment by =11=: 142. analysis of silver foil by =12=: 501. cited =30=: 41.

=Clarke, G. R.=, grant of land to =18=: 657.

=Clarke, H. E.= =46=: 48.

=Clarke, J. C.= collection contributed by =42=: 4. collection secured by =42=: 19.

=Clarke, Peter=, on Iroquoian migrations =19=: 189.

=Clarke, W. M.=, petroglyphs reported by =10=: 115.

=Clarke County, Mo.=, mounds in =5=: 43.

=Clarksville, Tenn.=, petroglyphs near =10=: 114.

=Clarksville, Va.= Occaneechi town near =42=: 778, 779. trail near =42=: 764. ware of =20=: 149.

=Classic Pantomimes= =1=: 286.

=Classification= linguistic principles of =17=: 300. morphological, of languages of America =24=: XXII. of arrows =38=: § 134. of baskets =38=: § 448. of burial =1=: 92. of Bureau of American Ethnology researches =15=: LXIX. of canyon ruins =16=: 92, 93. of celts =38=: § 7. of expenditures for fiscal year =2=: XXXVII; =3=: 93. of form, Mississippi Valley pottery =4=: 375. of games =24=: 31, 44 sq., 809. of hammocks =38=: § 479. of houses =38=: § 298. of Indian languages, literature relating to =7=: 12-25. of Indian tribal names =24=: XXIV sq., 36-43. of Indian tribes =14=: XXVII. of linguistic families =7=: 8, 12. of masks =3=: 93. of mats =38=: § 394. of Peruvian trephining =16=: 17, 71. of Pueblo ruins =16=: 89, 154. of pottery =4=: 272, 304, 306. of Siouan stock =17=: 127 sq., 300*, 344*. of stone art =13=: 57, 142. of trays =38=: § 402. See also =Anthropology=.

=Clatsop= games of the =24=: hand game 282. unclassified games 781, 782.

=Claude.= See =Konot=.

=Clauton, M. E.=, bid of, for repair of Casa Grande =15=: 339.

=Clavering=, Captain ----, Greenland Eskimo researches of =7=: 72.

Claviceps Purpura, destructive to wild rice =19=: 1027.

=Claviceps sp.=, destructive to wild rice =19=: 1027.

=Clavigero, Francisco Javier= on Californian food habits =17=: 209*, 212*. on cities founded by Cortés =25=: 243. on Mayan feast days at opening of century =19=: 675. on Mexican calendar system =19=: 935. on Mexican division of year =19=: 955. on Mexican method of counting =19=: 920. on Nahuatl method of counting large numbers =19=: 884. view of, on Mexican year symbols =3=: 43.

=Clavigero, Francisco S.= cited =12=: 672. on Indian food =9=: 523. on Indian labrets =9=: 497. on Indian mats of reeds =9=: 527 sq. on signification of Mexican term =16=: 244.

=Clavigero, F. X.= on use of shell ornaments =2=: 256. on vessels in Mexico =2=: 193.

=Clavrie, Louis=, mounds on land of =44=: 410.

=Claw Pattern= in arrow-feathering =38=: § 132. in basketry =38=: § 445.

=Claw-and-Mirror Trick 14=: 99 sq.

=Claws= animal, use of, in battle =14=: 790. attached to amulet =14=: 904. of birds, used with embroidery =13=: 28. symbolic use of =15=: 169. used in Ghost dance =14=: 916.

=Clay, Henry= opposition to removal project by =19=: 129. resolution by, regarding title to Texas =5=: 355. sympathy with Cherokee =5=: 287.

=Clay, Jesse= a Peyote leader =37=: 419. account by, of Peyote ceremony =37=: 415-419. innovation of =37=: 422.

=Clay= baking oven griddle or hearth of =38=: § 362, 364. Cherokee and Catawba pottery =20=: 53 sq., 55, 56. colored, use of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 20. cooking cylinders supporting the hearth =38=: § 364. eastern United States pottery =20=: 45 sq. Eskimo paint made of =18=: 198. Eskimo toys made of =18=: 343. Eskimo utensils made of =18=: 63 sq. first use of, in the arts =20=: 49. flute made of =38=: § 562. for pottery, description of =26=: 124 sqq. influence of strength of, on forms of vessels =20=: 62. Iroquoian pipes =20=: 173. Middle Atlantic Coast pottery =20=: 155, 158. mixed with certain ingredients =38=: § 90. modeling in 3=0=: 139 sq.; =38=: § 612. musical instruments, etc., of =38=: § 557. on the head, significance of =27=: 129. pigments, red =38=: § 28. pots and vessels of =38=: § 389-391. pottery =38=: § 89. Tewa name for =29=: 582. trumpet made of =38=: § 556. use of, as paint =20=: 42, 86. use of, in pottery =15=: 21. use of, in protecting vines used in suspension from fire =20=: 58. used by Zuñis in making pottery =2=: 329. used to cover fire =41=: 500, 501. See also =Color=: =Material=; =Paint=; =Paste=; =Pottery=; =Washes=.

=Clay Articles= catalogues of =3=: 531-575. composition of =2=: 325. decoration of =2=: 322. from Acoma =2=: 404. from Canyon de Chelly =2=: 419. from Cochiti =2=: 405, 459. from Cuyamunque =2=: 436. from Jemez =2=: 417, 452 from Laguna =2=: 399. from Nambé =2=: 439. from Old Pecos =2=: 418. from Old Pojuaque =2=: 441. from other localities =2=: 421. from Pictograph Rocks =2=: 420. from Pojuaque =2=: 439. from San Ildefonso =2=: 461. from San Juan =2=: 416, 456. from Santa Ana =2=: 458. from Santo Domingo =2=: 409, 451. from Silla =2=: 454. from Taos =2=: 464. from Tesuke =2=: 410, 450. from the Jicarilla Apache =2=: 417. from Wolpi =2=: 378. from Zuñi =2=: 343. measurements of =2=: 323.

=Clay Balls=, appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 115.

=Clay Basket=, use of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 107.

=Clay-eating= custom of, in different parts of the world =9=: 537-540. of the Guiana Indians =38=: § 253. with potatoes =30=: 71.

=Clay Heads.= See =Pottery=.

=Clay Old Woman=, a supernatural =47=: 343.

=Clay Surface= of Pueblo roofs =8=: 151.

=Clay Tubes= used as roof drains =8=: 155.

=Clayborne, William=, claims to land in Maryland by =18=: 571, 572.

=Clayoquot= games of the =24=: dice games 196. hand game 319. ring and pin 528, 558 sq.

=Clays and Pigments= specimens of, from Zuñi =2=: 367. used by Santa Clara Indians in manufacture of pottery =2=: 331.

=Clayton, J. B.= custodian of manuscripts =31=: 23. work of =25=: XXIV; =26=: XXXI; =27=: 13; =28=: 14, 18; =29=: 24; =30=: 24.

=Clayton, Powell=, mounds on land of =12=: 242.

=Claytonia Lanceolata= =45=: 482, 511.

=Cleaners= for pipe bowls, Eskimo =18=: 281 sq.

=Cleanliness=, native houses, Savonga =46=: 92.

=Cleansing Ceremony= =47=: 307-314.

=Clear Creek=, caves on =28=: 188.

=Clear Creek Canyon=, cliff houses in, reference to =22, i=: 20.

=Clear Lake.= See =Round Valley Reserve=.

=Clematis Columbiana=, use of =45=: 459.

=Clematis Ligusticifolia=, use of =45=: 459.

=Clemclemalats=, stick games of the =24=: 249.

=Clément, Basil=, interpreter, on Winter count =4=: 90, 91, 111, 113, 120, 122.

=Clement, Clara Erskine=, Handbook of Legendary and Mythologic Art =4=: 54.

=Clements, C. C.=, special agent on Cherokee claims =5=: 308.

=Clerical Work= of the Bureau of American Ethnology =25=: X, XXIV sq.; =29=: 24; etc.

=Cleu, J. F.=, split-cane matting found by =13=: 37.

=Cleveland, F.=, shell vessels described by =2=: 97.

=Cleveland, Henry J.=, agent for Pima =26=: 32.

=Cleveland=, Rev. =William J.= cited =4=: 129. Oglala gentes obtained by =15=: 220. on Sitcaⁿxu gentes =15=: 218. on tree and scaffold burial =1=: 158.

=Clickahut=, a Klû´kătät synonym =14=: 738.

=Clickitat=, a Klû´kătät synonym =14=: 738.

=Cliff Dwellers= definition of =17=: 531. home of =23=: 13, 14. mention of =4=: 202, 304, 305. preservation of grave of =41=: 52. Pueblo, relationship of, with Pima =26=: 144. supposed builders of Sun temple =37=: 6.

=Cliff Dwellings= absence of chimney in =8=: 168. absence of, in Verde Valley =13=: 187, 260. and Zuñi ruins compared =13=: 344. built by Zuñi ancestors =13=: 343. decorated fabrics from =28=: 148. developed from temporary shelters =8=: 217. examination of =7=: XVIII-XXIV. implements from =24=: Canyon de Chelly 717, 751. Chaco Canyon 648. Mancos Canyon 47, 427, 648. in Arizona =13=: 224. in Colorado =28=: 151. in Sierra Madre, Mexico =28=: 151. in Upper Verde region =28=: 188, 194. in Verde Valley =28=: 198. mention of =4=: 284, 286, 293, 478, 479, 480. Moen-kopi =8=: 54. nomenclature of =13=: 359. occupied in historic times =8=: 225. pictographs in =28=: 197. pottery of =28=: 137, 138, 139, 141. resemblances among =28=: 151. use of term =28=: 117, 193. use of whitewash in =8=: 74. why constructed =13=: 260, 347. See also =Cavate-lodge=; =Cliff Houses=.

=Cliff Houses= age of, in Red Rocks =17=: 545. and Pueblos similar =17=: 537. formerly occupied by the Hopi =17=: 578. human hand figures on =17=: 668. in Arizona, character of =22, i=: 187. in Arizona, discovery of, by Doctor Russel =22, i=: XIII. in Walnut Canyon =17=: 532. of the Red Rocks =17=: 548, 549. of Verde Valley, classification of =17=: 536. See also =Cliff Dwellings=.

=Cliff Palace= and Honanki, comparison of =17=: 552. repair of =30=: 21. views of =30=: 30.

=Cliff Ruins= classification of =16=: 155. of Canyon de Chelly, memoir on =16=: XCI, 73-198. researches among =15=: XXXVII, XLIII, XLVII; =16=: XIX, XX, XXIII, XXVI, XXVII, XXX, XXXVIII, XL, XLIII, XLVII, L, LXI, LXVII.

=Cliff’s Ranch=, pictographs near =17=: 548.

=Clifton, Tenn.=, flint workshop near =44=: 521.

=Clifton, W. Va.= Indian remains at =42=: 755. mounds =5=: 55, 58.

=Clifton Quarry= collections from =15=: LIX. pipestem from =15=: 133. researches in =15=: LI, LV, LXXV, 108, 113.

=Climate= beliefs concerning =45=: 176 sq. effect of, on development of arts =20=: 22 sq. influence of, on breadth of nose =46=: 242, 267, 268, 269. of Cibola, Coronado’s account of =14=: 559. of cliff ruin region =16=: 83. of country of Western Eskimo =18=: 23. of Pimería, general character of =26=: 36, 56, 155. of Pimería, winds =26=: 154. of Point Barrow, Alaska =9=: 30 sqq. of Sonoran province =17=: 23 sqq. of the Ungava district =11=: 172. of Upper Missouri =46=: 410. of Zuñi =47=: 473 sq.

=Climatic Conditions=, effect of, upon Pueblo architecture =8=: 140, 227.

=Clinch River= ford of =42=: 794 sq. fort on, at Tennessee River =42=: 841.

=Clinch River and Cumberland Gap Trail 42=: 845 sq.

=Clinch River Valley=, trail through =42=: 770.

=Clinton, G. P.=, on wild rice in Illinois =19=: 1029.

=Clintonia Borealis=, use of =44=: 288, 354, 377.

=Cloet, Jan=, permit to purchase land issued to =18=: 579.

=Closed Stone Yokes 25=: 253.

=Cloth= from Pueblo ruins, fragmentary specimens of, preservation of =22, i=: 97. methods of manufacture of =13=: 22. used in imbrication =41=: 226. See also =Fabrics=; =Weaving=.

=Cloth Screen=, use of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 41, 42.

=Clothes and Body Decoration= of the Guiana Indians =38=: p. 419-449.

=Clothing= affected by advent of trader =27=: 616. at meetings of Hethu´shka =27=: 461. ceremonial =39=: 196. cost of =46=: 585-588. decorated with hair =46=: 560. general description of =27=: 354 sqq. genesis of =17=: 231* sq. made of skins =46=: 504, 506. materials for =27=: 272, 347 sq. men’s =40=: 329, 344; 45: 66-70; 46: 589 sq. mention of =33=: 620, 621, 628. modern =45=: 80 sq. of ancient Southwesterners =13=: 358. of children =45=: 72 sq. of ceremonial attendants =40=: 257. of dance leader =40=: 504. of head chief, used as talisman =42=: 432. of members of Pebble society =27=: 565. of members of Shell society =27=: 519. of the Assiniboin =46=: 464 sq., 584-590. of the Coeur d’Alêne =45=: 65-81. of the Eskimo =18=: 30-44. of the Flathead =45=: 334-339. of the Hopi =14=: 517. of the Indians at Quivira =14=: 582. of the Indians at Sonora =14=: 515. of the Indians taken by Spaniards =14=: 495. of the Northern Indians =11=: 208, 281. of the Okanagan =45=: 225 sq., 230-236. of the Pima =26=: 117 sq., 157 sq. of the Plains Indians =14=: 507. of the Pueblo Indians =14=: 404, 517, 549, 562, 563, 569, 573, 586, 595 of the Seri =17=: 10, 224*-232*. of the Seri, decoration of =17=: 171* sqq. of the Siouan Indians =15=: 172. of the Winnebago; men’s, description of =37=: 106. of warriors =27=: 409 sqq. origin of =27=: 71. ornamentation of =45=: 236. renewal of =46=: 588. rites for obtaining =27=: 195. robes =27=: 354, 356-362. special, for war =45=: 118 sq. storage of, in caches =27=: 98 sq. women’s =40=: 344; =45=: 70 sq.; =46=: 587 sq. worn in Kashim =18=: 287. worn while sleeping =46=: 590. See also =Adornment=; =Clothing, Eskimo=; =Costumes=; =Dress=; =Spinning=; =Weaving=.

=Clothing, Eskimo= (of Point Barrow). arm clothing =9=: 123 sqq. belts =9=: 135-138. belt fasteners =9=: 138. boots =9=: 129-135. breeches =9=: 125-129. frocks, description of =9=: 113-121. frocks, trimming of =9=: 114, 119. gloves =9=: 124. head clothing =9=: 112. ice creepers =9=: 135. leg and foot clothing =9=: 128-135. mantles =9=: 121 sq. material of =9=: 109 sq. mittens =9=: 123, 125. ornaments =9=: 138. pantaloons =9=: 126-129. rain frocks =9=: 122. shoes =9=: 129-135. stockings =9=: 129. style of =9=: 110-138.

=Clothing, Omaha= children’s =3=: 265. dressing hides for =3=: 310. mention of =3=: 310 sq. preparation of =3=: 310.

=Clothing Bags= of the Eskimo =18=: 43 sq., 204.

=Cloud, Leslie= information furnished by =42=: 198, 216. medicine-maker of Tuskegee =42=: 549. myth related by =42=: 636.

=Cloud= leaf-strand figure of =38=: § 621. myths of =11=: 37. Serian and Yuman words meaning =17=: 340* sq. string figures of =38=: § 659, 686. symbolized by death mask =15=: 312. symbols in Hopi pictography =15=: 311. symbols in Zuñi and Walpi =15=: 309. symbols of meal =15=: 285. symbols on Tusayan headdress =15=: 269. symbols on Tusayan kilts =15=: 295. See also =Clouds=; =Rain-cloud=.

=Cloud Clan= same as Okuwañ clan =19=: 615, 621. See also =Patki Clan=.

=Cloud Design.= See =Terrace Cloud Design=.

=Cloud Emblems.= See =Rain-cloud Designs=.

=Cloud Horse=, visit of, to Wovoka =14=: 797, 819.

=Cloud People=, clans of =22, i=: 24.

=Cloud River=, stone-chipping by natives of =13=: 141.

=Cloud Shield= chart =4=: 95, 129, 146. Winter Count of =10=: 269-523. See also =Corbusier Winter Counts=.

=Cloud Symbols= comparison of =16=: 223. in the codices =16=: 222, 258. in Tusayan sand pictures =16=: 278, 287, 300. on Oraibi kilts =16=: 293. on Tusayan altars =16=: 291, 299.

=Clouds= as supernaturals =47=: 66. belief concerning =47=: 487. descent of man from =30=: 141. in Pima mythology =26=: 239 sq., 249, 348 sq. in Pima song =26=: 305, 314, 333, 334. representation of, in pottery decoration =20=: 100. signification of =23=: 21. signs and symbols for =10=: 700 sq. songs of the =39=: 351-355. terms relating to =29=: 54-57. See also =Cloud=.

=Clough Farm=, mounds on =44=: 500.

=Clover= cooking of =35=: 527, 531. digging of =35=: 186 sqq. in Cherokee lore =19=: 421. preparation of =32=: 528. purple prairie =33=: 94. white prairie =33=: 94.

=Clover Garden= =35=: 186 sq.

=Clover Root= baked =35=: 533. raw =35=: 534.

=Clown-Priest=, figures on Hopi pottery =17=: 659.

=Clowns= appearance of, in Hopi foot races =21=: 114. appearance of, in Hopi katcina pictures =21=: 76, 78, 83. association of, with Piptuka =21=: 116. association of, with war =47=: 345. association of, with Wiktcina =21=: 116. function of =47=: 498. in Hopi Calako =15=: 297, 298. in Hopi ceremonies =15=: 261, 265, 267, 274, 285, 293. participation in Powamû dance by =21=: 33, 91, 92. personation of, in Pamürti =21=: 27. struggle of, with Great Snake effigy =21=: 87. See also =Koyemci=; =Tcukuwimpkya=.

=Club= Guiana Indian, for dancing =38=: § 593. Guiana Indian, for fighting =38=: § 149-154. songs of decorating the =39=: 355-358. used as Eskimo weapon =9=: 191. See also =Clubs=.

=Club Heads=, stones used as =13=: 97, 98, 100.

=Club Men=, an Arapaho warrior order =14=: 987.

=Clubhouse= (or =Kû´dyĭgi=) of the Eskimo =9=: 79 sq.

=Clubs= for killing fish, Eskimo =18=: 184. for killing seals, Eskimo =18=: 127. of deer-horn made by the Iroquois =13=: 143. of jasper, description of =13=: 143. of North Carolina Indians =13=: 144. stone heads of =46=: 134, 135, 148. war, of the Omaha =13=: 283. See also =Batons=; =Club=; =War-clubs=.

=Clubs, Indian= =14=: 498.

=Cluster Lily=, use of =45=: 481, 482.

=Clustering of Tâaaiyalana Ruins= =8=: 89 sq.

=Clute.= See =Cloet, Jan=.

=Coa.= See =Planting Sticks= (Antillean).

=Coachman, Ward= head chief =42=: 331. second chief =42=: 331.

=Coahuila= a Mexican state =14=: 545. See also =Cahwia=; =Kahwea=; =Kawia=; =Mission Indians=; =Tule River Reserve=.

=Coahuiltecan Family= =7=: 68, 69.

=Coahuilteco=, linguistic relations of =42=: 678.

=Coal= of the Point Barrow region, Alaska =9=: 61. Tewa name for =39=: 580. used in pottery firing, mineral =4=: 495, 496.

=Coal River Trail= =43=: 770.

=Coale, Charles B.=, on pictographs =4=: 33.

=Coast, Western Alaskan=, crania from =46=: 254, 256.

=Coast and Geodetic Survey.= See =United States Coast and Geodetic Survey=.

=Coast and Interior Cultures=, contrasted =42=: 718-724.

=Coast and Interior People=, relations of =42=: 724 sqq.

=Coast Indians=, name of, in sign language =45=: 147.

=Coast Pilots= of Alaska =46=: 179.

=Coast Range Region, Calif.=, field work in =20=: X.

=Coast Reserve=. See =Siletz River=.

=Coat Shooting= of the Dakota =24=: 392.

=Coatepec, Mexico=, ruins at =26=: XV.

=Cobbles= Seri use of, as tools and weapons =17=: 234*-246*, 248*, 255*. See also =Bowlder=.

=Coça= punishment in, for adultery =42=: 347. Spanish visits to =19=: 23, 24, 26, 29, 194, 200 sq.

=Cochin=, letter from, to Mendoza =14=: 412.

=Cochitemi=, a Keresan dialect =7=: 83.

=Cochiti= claimed to be a former Tewa pueblo =8=: 37. population of =7=: 83. stone cougars of =26=: XVIII.

=Cochiti Indian= cardinal directions of =29=: 42. communal huts of =29=: 414. conception of sun and moon by =29=: 46. geographic names of =29=: 100. language of =29=: 521. legends of =29=: 452 sq. name applied to =29=: 574. name for cloud =29=: 54. pottery of =29=: 457. region claimed by =29=: 409. shrines of =29=: 419 sq., 428. successive homes of =29=: 412, 418, 433 sq., 435, 440 sq. visit of, to Washington =34=: 28.

=Cochiti Katcinas=, notes on =47=: 1002, 1013, 1056, 1082.

=Cochiti Pueblo= act of Congress affecting =18=: 920. collection from =2=: 405, 459. mention of =2=: 433; =14=: 525.

=Cochmans Brothers=, chief =42=: 322.

=Cochran=, Capt. =C. S.= =46=: 31, 86, 117, 122, 172.

=Cock.= See =Kowalko=.

=Cocke, John=, commissioner to extinguish Cherokee title =5=: 241.

=Cocke County, Tenn.=, collection from =3=: 433, 438-441.

=Cocklebur= in Cherokee lore =19=: 426. used for food =30=: 71 sq. used in medicine =30=: 62.

=Cockles=, used as bait =35=: 178.

=Cockram, James=, sale of land to =18=: 633.

=Coco=, Alvarado’s name for Acoma =14=: 594.

=Cocoanut Forms=, in Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 94.

=Cocomaques=, classification of =17=: 102, 103, 104, 130*.

=Cocomcahra= land cessions and reservations =18=: 788.

=Coco-Maricopa= musical instruments of =26=: 167. on hostility of Pima =26=: 26. reference to =28=: 58. See also =Maricopa=.

=Cocomaricopa Gileños= relations of, with Yavapai =26=: 200. See also =Maricopa=.

=Coçonico Indians= =3=: XVIII.

=Coconoon= land cessions and reservations =18=: 780.

=Coconoon Tribe= =7=: 90.

=Cocopa= dwellings of the =26=: 155. games of the =24=: ball race 666, 681. dice games 199. hand game 326. in fight with the Pima-Maricopa force =26=: 47. in fights with the Apache =26=: 42. land cessions and reservations =18=: 922. Snake dance among the =16=: 311. See also =Cocopa Indians=.

=Cocopa Indians= collections made among the =22, i=: XXXIX. field study of the =22, i=: XI sq. girl’s puberty feast among the =22, i=: XXVIII sq. habitat of the =22, i=: XIX sq., XXVII. marital customs among the =22, i=: XXVIII. mortuary advances among the =22, i=: XXI, XXVIII. researches among the =41=: 61 sq. subsistence of, method of =22, i=: XX sq. See also =Cocopa=.

=Coddington=, --, purchase of land by =18=: 622.

=Codex= Bologna =3=: 28. Borgian =3=: 23, 24, 26, 28, 57. Chimalpopoca =3=: 46. Cortesianus =3=: 7, 8, 9, 25, 26, 31, 34, 35, 36, 41, 54, 55, 56. Cortesianus, cited =15=: 271. Cortesianus, similarity of, to manuscript Troano and Dresden Codex =6=: 286. Dresden =3=: 23, 63. Fejervary =3=: 31, 35. illustrating Mexican weaving =3=: 391. Persianus =3=: 18, 19, 20, 22, 26. Telleriano Remensis =1=: 243. Vatican =3=: 27, 28, 50, 56.

=Codfish= black =35=: 382, 392. drying of =35=: 253. eaten at breakfast =35=: 253. Eskimo implements for catching =18=: 181. eyes of =35=: 388. fresh =35=: 379, 382. head of =35=: 388. method of cutting =35=: 253, 379, 380, 382, 383. red =35=: 392. roasted =35=: 390, 391. tainted =35=: 386.

=Codices=, numeral system in the =19=: 812-819.

=Çoⁿ-dseu´-gthiⁿ=, a division of the Osage =36=: 45.

=Cody, W. F.=, ordered to arrest Sitting Bull =14=: 854.

=Coeruleo, Purpureus= =45=: 493.

=Coeur d’Alêne= land cessions and reservations =18=: 846, 866 sqq., 942, 944, 948. present habitat of the =14=: 805. sketch of the =14=: 733.

=Coeur d’Alêne Indians= account of =45=: 37-197. associations of, with other tribes =45=: 319 sq. basketry of =41=: 146, 154, 155, 205. characteristics of =45=: 325. environment of =41=: 143. Flathead name for =45=: 300. hunting grounds of =45=: 305. imbrication among =41=: 140. meaning of Indian names of =45=: 144. present day population of =45=: 315. shapes of baskets of =41=: 138, 141. See also =Coeur d’Alêne=.

=Coeur d’Alêne Lake=, traditional seat of the tribe =45=: 38.

=Coeur d’Alêne Reserve= changes in =18=: 866 sqq., 944, 948. establishment of =18=: 846.

=Coeur d’Alêne Tribe=, population of =7=: 105.

=Coffee=, General ---- attack on Creeks at Tallaseehatchee =19=: 90, 91. on battle of Horse-Shoe Bend =19=: 93-96. wound received by, at Emukfaw Creek =19=: 92.

=Coffee, John A.= appointed to report on line between Cherokee and Georgia =5=: 270. appointment of, to assist in Cherokee removal =5=: 260. objection to survey by =5=: 207, 208. survey by =18=: 705.

=Coffee=, among the Cherokee =19=: 214.

=Coffey, Dora S.=, killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 872.

=Coffin, E. F.=, aid of, in work of excavation =38=: p. 2.

=Coffins= beliefs regarding =35=: 686. of the Eskimo =18=: 310-322. See also =Belief= (regarding coffins); =Burial=; =Mortuary Pottery=.

=Cofitachiqui= a supposed Yuchi town =7=: 126. identified as Kasihta =42=: 310. people of =19=: 499. reference to dress of =42=: 683. Spanish visits to =19=: 23, 24, 28, 193 sq.

=“Cogged” Stone=, cast of, given to bureau =47=: 13.

=Cognation= =3=: XLVI.

=Cognation of Languages= =7=: 11, 12.

=Cogswellia Dancifolia= =33=: 107.

=Cogswellia Nudicaulis= =45=: 473.

=Cogulludo=, ----, on the interpretation of Mexican calendars =3=: 38, 40.

=Cohama= land cessions and reservations =18=: 786.

=Cohosh, Blue= use of =44=: 288. See also =Caulophyllum Thalictroides=.

=Cohuatl= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 229.

=Cohutta Mountain=, myths concerning =19=: 299, 302, 461, 462.

=Coil in Ornamentation= =4=: 278, 282.

=Coil-made Pottery= =4=: 273-299.

=Coil Method= influence of, on ornament =20=: 65. pottery making by, eastern United States =20=: 50 sq., 54, 56, 57, 161.

=Coiled Basketry= distribution of =41=: 154. form of =41=: 167. material used in =41=: 137. tribes making =41=: 137. See also =Basketry=.

=Coiled Pottery= how made =4=: 500. imitation of =4=: 299. ware and white ware, relative antiquity of =4=: 350-359.

=Coiled Type= of basketry from Chevlon, cut showing =22, i=: 99.

=Coiled Vessel= from Kintiel, cut showing =22, i=: 99.

=Coiling= direction of =41=: 160. of the Pueblos =4=: 273 sqq. parallel =41=: 170 sqq. technique of =41=: 159-167, 170 sqq. the preferred technique =41=: 361.

=Coils= flat, use of =41=: 135. looped =41=: 166. round, use of =41=: 135. size of =41=: 164 sqq. suggesting spiral ornament =4=: 456. uniformity of =41=: 161.

=Coins= use of, among the Eskimo =11=: 212. use of, among the Navaho silversmiths =2=: 177.

=Cokeboka=, blessed during fast =37=: 387.

=Colander=, fragments of, from Tusayan ruins =17=: 624.

=Colbert, G.=, reservation for =18=: 682, 694.

=Colbert, Levi= a Chickasaw chief =42=: 826. mention of =42=: 827. owner of ferry =42=: 813. reservation for =18=: 682, 694.

=Colbert=, identification of =17=: 248.

=Colbert County, Ala.=, mounds in =44=: 463 sq.

=Colbert’s Ferry= mention of =42=: 825, 826, 827. Natchez Trace, crossing at =42=: 813, 814.

=Colby=, Gen. =L. W.= acknowledgments to =14=: 655. in Sioux outbreak =14=: 861, 867, 876. letter from McGillycuddy to =14=: 831. on close of Sioux outbreak =14=: 888. on killing of Lieutenant Casey =14=: 889. on mortality at Wounded Knee =14=: 871. on second encounter at Wounded Knee =14=: 882. Sioux child adopted by =14=: 879.

=Colchester, Vt.=, vessel found at =20=: 169.

=Cold= (= weather) mention of =46=: 62, 66, 69, 72, 73, 75, 96, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 108. pictographs for =10=: 605 sq. signs for =1=: 345, 486. terms relating to =29=: 53.

=Cold Bay= =46=: 188.

=Cold-bringing Woman= =21=: 83, 84.

=Cold Mountain=, myth concerning =19=: 480.

=Colden, Cadwallader= on Indian policy =18=: 558, 583. on Iroquoian migrations =19=: 189. on Iroquois =19=: 485. on name Allege´wi =19=: 184.

=Colds= how treated by the Zuñi =30=: 49, 55. treatment of =42=: 661, 663, 664, 667, 668. wormwood used for =30=: 42.

=Coldwater=, burning of =19=: 67.

=Coldwater Indians=, basketry of =41=: 445 sq.

=Coleman, Charles= cited on Hindu powders =9=: 515. cited on sacred cords =9=: 565.

=Colerain= Creek peace made at =19=: 81. treaty of =18=: 658.

=Colima= illness of Mendoza at =14=: 551. ravines of =14=: 505. town in western New Spain =14=: 385.

=Colin=, Mrs. =Lee=, collection presented by =41=: 116.

=Coll y Toste=, Señor -- Antillean language studied by =25=: 77. on name Borinquen =25=: 78.

=Collaborators= in sign language, list of =1=: 401. of the Bureau =48=: 1188 sq. suggestions to =4=: 254, 256.

=Collars= Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 90, 92. See also =Necks=; =Ruins=.

=Collars, Stone= characteristic of Greater Antilles =34=: 180. comparison of, with elbow stones =34=: 200 sq., 207 sqq. confined to Porto Rico and Haiti =34=: 187. distribution of =34=: 199. fragment of, found in St. Croix =34=: 168. interpretation of form of =34=: 207 sqq. mention of =34=: 187-198. parts of =34=: 188. possible use of =34=: 198. probable origin of =34=: 61. theories concerning use of =34=: 263 sqq. two types of =34=: 187. where found =34=: 60, 61, 169.

=Collected Bones=, interment of =1=: 170.

=Collecting Signs=, suggestions for =1=: 394.

=Collections= acquisition of =20=: XXIV. archeological =46=: 88. bought by J. T. Couden =3=: 495-506. by Capt. C. Bendire =3=: 492. by Dr. Willis de Haas =3=: 490. by G. H. Hurlbut =3=: 508 sqq. by Edward Palmer =3=: 483, 489. Casa Grande =28=: 20, 118-121. Casa Grande, by Dr. J. W. Fewkes =28=: 121, 161-179. cataloguing of, of 1881 =3=: 427-592. description of =29=: 16 sq., 19, 20 sq. Edward E. Ayer, early documents in =38=: p. 4. ethnologic, added to the National Museum =23=: XLI. ethnologic, made by E. W. Nelson in Alaska =18=: 21. from Acoma =2=: 404. from Arizona, Wolpi =3=: 587. from Arkansas, Carson Lake township =3=: 468. from Canyon de Chelly =2=: 419. from Cherokee Indians =3=: 433, 489. from Chickasawba mound =3=: 469. from Cochiti =2=: 405, 459. from Cuyamunque =2=: 435. from Georgia =3=: 506. from Indiana =3=: 506. from Jefferson County =3=: 463-468. from Jemez =2=: 417, 452. from junction of Pidgeon and French Broad River =3=: 440. from Laguna =2=: 399. from Lawrenceville =3=: 486. from Menard mound =3=: 447. from Missouri =3=: 495-509. from mounds at Arkansas Post =3=: 476. from Nambé =2=: 436. from New Mexico, Zuñi =3=: 521. from Newport, Tenn. =3=: 438. from North Carolina =3=: 434, 437. from Ohio mounds =3=: 490, 491. from Old Pecos =2=: 418. from Old Pojuaque =2=: 441. from Oregon =3=: 492, 494. from other localities =2=: 421. from Pecan Point =3=: 469, 470. from Pemiscott mound =3=: 468. from Peru, South America =3=: 508, 510. from Pictograph Rocks =2=: 420. from Pojuaque =2=: 438. from Pueblos =3=: 511, 592. from Roane County =3=: 457, 462. from Sandia, N. Mex. =2=: 458. from San Ildefonso =2=: 460. from San Jaun =2=: 416, 456. from Santa Ana =2=: 458. from Santa Clara =2=: 415, 441. from Santo Domingo =2=: 409, 450. from Sevier County =3=: 442-456. from Silla =2=: 454. from Taos =2=: 464. from Tesuke =2=: 410, 450. from the Jicarilla Apaches =2=: 417. from Turquoise mine =2=: 450. from Wisconsin =3=: 506. from Wolpi =2=: 375. from Zuñi =2=: 337. made by the Bureau =16=: XLII, XLV, L, LIII, LVIII. made during the year, detailed account of =22, i=: XXXVIII sq. number and character of =12=: 22 sqq. of amulets, hunting and war =3=: 527. of arrows =3=: 589. of articles of animal substances =3=: 437, 453, 458, 460, 467, 586. of articles of clay =3=: 434, 443, 456, 463, 469, 471-475, 476, 479, 485, 487, 488, 491, 495, 507, 531, 575. of articles of metal =3=: 446, 485. of articles of shell =3=: 437, 446, 452-456, 458, 461, 466. of articles of stone =3=: 431, 442, 453, 457, 465, 470, 478, 490, 492, 520, 587. of articles of vegetal substances =3=: 435, 520, 575. of axes =3=: 521. of baskets =3=: 546, 576, 580, 589. of bowls =3=: 546, 564. of bows =3=: 589. of condiment vessels =3=: 569. of cooking pots =3=: 564 sqq. of cups =3=: 545. of dippers =3=: 566. of effigies =3=: 574. of gourds =3=: 589. of headdresses =3=: 590. of implements of gambling =3=: 581. of implements of the dance =3=: 582. of implements of the loom =3=: 580. of Indian specimens, size and value of =2=: 319. of instruments of war and chase =3=: 581. of ladles =3=: 566, 575. of metates =3=: 521. of mortars =3=: 522. of mullers =3=: 524. of paint jars =3=: 573. of paint pots =3=: 570, 573. of pitchers =3=: 543. of rattles =3=: 589. of spoons =3=: 560-575. of the Historical Committee of the American Philosophical Society, cited =4=: 158. of trephined crania =16=: XC. of water bottles =3=: 533-538. of water containers =3=: 538-543. of water jars =3=: 531 sqq. of water jugs =3=: 538, 543. report on =45=: 18 sq. summary as to =28=: 20 sq. transferred to United States National Museum =39=: 27; =40=: 20. transportation of =46=: 62, 84, 123.

=Collections, West Indian= Connell =34=: 159. Dehesa =34=: 169. Guesde =34=: 128-137. Heye =34=: 49 sqq. in European museums =34=: 50. in Habana =34=: 248. made by De Booy =34=: 49, 63. Meriño =34=: 227. Taylor =34=: 11, 81, 86. transferred to the National Museum =34=: 29.

=Collections of the Bureau of American Ethnology=, acquired or made by, or of =19=: XVIII, XX sq., XXIX; =24=: XXVIII sq.; =25=: XXI sq.; =26=: XXVIII; =30=: 21; =38=: p. 20; =41=: 19 sq., 43, 72 sq., 95, 115 sq.; =42=: 18; =43=: 18; =44=: 17 sq.; =45=: 18 sq.; =46=: 15 sq.; =47=: 13 sq.; =48=: 20 sq.

=College Station=, steatite vessel from =15=: 111.

=Collens, J. H.= excavations made by =34=: 66. on Trinidad pottery =25=: 190 sq. quoted on archeology of Trinidad =34=: 68.

=Collester, J. C.=, observations regarding hut rings by =12=: 42.

=Collet, John= notice of Angel mounds by =12=: 556. statement of, regarding salt-kettle pottery =12=: 168.

=Collett=, Mrs. =J. E.=, mound on farm of =12=: 344.

=Collett, O. W.=, visit to salt-making pottery producing site by =20=: 31.

=Collie, A.=, mention of =46=: 231.

=Collins=, ----, treaty concluded by =18=: 851.

=Collins, G. N.=, on origin of cotton =30=: 78.

=Collins, Henry B.=, jr. collection made by =43=: 18; =44=: 18. mention of =46=: 161, 164, 174, 210, 238, 247, 254, 260, 295, 296, 324. work of =42=: 3; =43=: 13 sq.; =45=: 14 sqq.

=Collins, James=, first settler in Clay County, Ky. =42=: 783.

=Collins, J. Franklin=, on wild rice in Rhode Island =19=: 1032.

=Collins=, Supt. =J. L.=, on arms given to Pima =26=: 51.

=Collins, Lewis= cited =12=: 696. notice of ancient work in Kentucky by =12=: 579.

=Collins, Mary C.=, quoted on symbolism =11=: 531.

=Collins, Ralph P.=, on Poguate =29=: 539.

=Collins, Thomas J.=, on dice games, Kekehi =24=: 141 sqq.

=Collinsia Violacea=, medicinal use of =42=: 667.

=Collinson=, ----, cited =6=: 503.

=Colly=, Agent Kiowa delegation with =17=: 177. on Indian troubles of 1864 =17=: 314.

=Colombia=, character of pottery from =20=: 20.

=Colon, Panama.= See =Tule Indians=.

=Colonel’s Island, Ga.=, burial vase from =20=: 133.

=Colonial Period=, of Cherokee history =19=: 29-46.

=Colonial Policy= toward Indians =18=: 562-639.

=Colonists= of New Spain, characteristics of =14=: 373. trails used by =42=: 731.

=Colonization of New Spain= =14=: 374.

=Coloose Creek=, mention of =42=: 36, 38.

=Color= aboriginal American pottery =20=: 63. absence of, in specimen examined by P. Kalm =20=: 59. Catawba pottery =20=: 55, 143. ceremonial use of =10=: 619-622. Cherokee pottery =20=: 56. classification of wares from Pueblo ruins by =22, i=: 58-61, 179 sq. decorative use of =10=: 619-622. designating social status =10=: 633 sq. differentiation of, by Indians =14=: 1032. divisions of the Zuñi =13=: 369. effect of firing on =20=: 53. Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 117 sq., 121, 126. for war and peace =10=: 631 sqq. Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 106, 111. ideocrasy of =10=: 622 sqq. in Mississippi Valley pottery =4=: 373, 374. Indian, Eskimo, Yukon =46=: 151, 161. Iroquoian pipes =20=: 173 sq. Iroquoian pottery =20=: 162. Middle Atlantic Coast pipes =20=: 158. Middle Atlantic Coast pottery =20=: 153, 155. Middle Mississippi Valley pipes =20=: 99. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 84 sq. materials =4=: 235, 236. mention of =46=: 364. New Jersey-New England ware =20=: 175. Northwestern pottery =20=: 193, 198, 199. of coiled pottery =4=: 283. of designs in pottery =4=: 302. of Pueblo pottery =4=: 269. Pamunkey pottery =20=: 152. pleasures of =19=: LXIII. primitive ideas concerning =19=: LXXXIV. red =33=: 322, 324, 646, 654, 655. red as a sacred =14=: 1037. relative to death and mourning =10=: 629 sqq. significance of =10=: 618-637. significance of, in Menomini ceremonial =14=: 76. South Appalachian pipes =20=: 141. South Appalachian pottery =20=: 132, 138. Spanish olive jars =20=: 129. symbolic use of, in general =10=: 635 sq. variations of, in katcina representations =21=: 60, 82, 95. variations of, on parts of the body of Hopi katcinas =21=: 80. Western Eskimo =46=: 213-228. See also =Color Decoration=; etc.; =Colors=.

=Color Decoration= Apalachee-Ohio pottery, absence of =20=: 180. aboriginal American pottery =20=: 42, 52, 63 sq., 66 sq. Florida pottery =20=: 118, 124, 125, 127. Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 111, 112, 113. Gulf Coast pottery, rarity of =20=: 105. Iroquoian pottery, absence of =20=: 164. Lower Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 103. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 84, 86, 87, 88, 93, 95, 96, 98, 100, 101. South Appalachian pottery =20=:138. southern and northern pottery =20=: 187.

=Color in Textile Art= =6=: 201, 202.

=Color of Seri= =17=: 137* sq.

=Color of Specimens= =34=: 132.

=Color Phenomena= in textile ornament =6=: 215-232.

=Color Symbolism= in Ghost dance =14=: 919. in Shaker ceremony =14=: 761. in Smohalla ritual =14=: 725, 729. in the codices =16=: 223, 228. in Tusayan sand pictures =16=: 278. of the Cherokee =7=: 342, 343. of the Zuñi and Moki =15=: 308. of Tusayan altar =16=: 278 sq., 287, 291.

=Colorado= adobe of =14=: 520. ancient cultural center =28=: 157. antiquities of =28=: 17. antiquities of, paper on =40=: 17. archeological work in =40=: 3. Chiquito =4=: 306. ethnological work in =39=: 12. field work in =23=: IX, XVI, XVII; =27=: 7, 10. Indian pottery =4=: 276. maps =4=: 158. military posts, etc., in =17=: 382. office work on material from =20=: IX. outlawry of hostile Indians in =17=: 176. petroglyphs in =10=: 72-75. plateau house sites =4=: 281. pottery of =4=: 281, 305, 321-357. researches in =30=: 11, 20, 22. rock carvings in =4=: 27. ruin =4=: 319. ruins, age of =28=: 150. ruins, cliff dwellings =28=: 151. ruins, pottery =28=: 137, 139, 140. work in =7=: XXI-XXIV; =29=: 10, 16 sq., 20. See also =Little Colorado=.

=Colorado and New Mexico=, archeological map of =26=: XX.

=Colorado Juniper=, use of =45=: 465, 498, 512.

=Colorado River= discovery of =14=: 403, 574. petroglyphs on, Utah =10=: 118, 119, 120. visit of Cardenas to =14=: 390, 489. visit of Diaz to =14=: 406, 485.

=Colorado River People.= See =Pueblo Indians=.

=Colorado River Reserve.= changes in =18=: 898, 910. discontinuance of =18=: 916, 920. establishment of =18=: 894.

=Coloration= artificial, of feathers =38=: § 84. of hammocks =38=: § 478.

=Coloring Matter= and its application in pictographs =10=: 219-222.

=Colors= applied to cardinal points =42=: 623 sq. arrangement of =41=: 280, 286. assignment of, to cardinal points =3=: 40-46. association of, to cardinal points =11=: 397. employed in Santa Rita wall painting =19=: 669 sq. in personal names =11=: 533. in Siouan symbolism =11=: 523, 527. of Navaho fabrics =3=: 376. Omaha terms for =27=: 111. prepared for Aleutian masks =3=: 142. principal, black and red =31=: 56. ritual =47=: 284. significance of =4=: 53-57. significance of, in games =11=: 60. sources of =41=: 233. symbolic association of =47=: 862. symbolism of =45=: 418 sq. used by Indians =4=: 50, 51. used by Salish tribes =41=: 146-149. used in beading =41=: 223. used in decorating pottery =2=: 322, 326, 330. used in face and body painting =45=: 418. used in imbrication =41=: 140. See also =Color=, etc.; =Colors=, =Cardinal=; =Paints=; =Pigments=.

=Colors, Cardinal= importance of, in beans =30=: 69. importance of, in corn =30=: 99. of the Zuñi =30=: 49. symbolism of the Zuñi =30=: 64.

=Colton, A. T.=, on Casa Grande Reserve =15=: 340.

=Columbia, Ky.=, trail to =42=: 802.

=Columbia Fur Co.=, traders of =46=: 621.

=Columbia Indians= Flathead names for =45=: 300. name of, in sign language =45=: 146.

=Columbia Region=, tribes of the =14=: 731.

=Columbia River= Cherokee contemplate removal to =5=: 264. drift seen by Ferrel =14=: 412. improvidence of tribes on =7=: 37, 38. petroglyphs on, Washington =10=: 123. pictographs on =4=: 26.

=Columbia River Indians= a synonym of Wa´napŭm =14=: 735. definition of =14=: 716. in Shaker church =14=: 759. Smohalla doctrine among =14=: 716.

=Columbia River Valley=, probable origin of Hopewell mounds obsidian in =20=: 194.

=Columbia Tribe= basketry of =41=: 142, 154, 155, 230, 414. rims of baskets of =41=: 142. shapes of baskets of =41=: 138, 141. use of imbrication by =41=: 140.

=Columbian Exposition= Bureau collection at =14=: XXXVI, XXXIX, XLVI. exhibit at, of world’s games =24=: 29. See also =Madrid American Historical Exposition=; =World’s Columbian Exposition=.

=Columbiana County, Ohio=, rock carvings in =4=: 21.

=Columbias=, an Isle de Pierre synonym =14=: 734.

=Columbine=, use of =45=: 475, 507, 516.

=Columbus, Bartholomew=, native reception to =25=: 81.

=Columbus, Christopher= at Trinidad =34=: 63 sq. cited =30=: 365. diary of =25=: 19, 203. explorations of, in Cuba =34=: 242 sq. Haitian idols described by =25=: 57. landing place of =25=: 33. method of fishing observed by =25=: 49. Omaha name for =27=: 101. on Antillean zemis =25=: 55. on character of Antilleans =25=: 31, 76 sq. on names of Antillean islands =25=: 78. on spirit beliefs =30=: 165-169. presents received from Antilleans by =25=: 35, 136, 137, 153, 211. quoted on magic powder of Indians =9=: 513. race found in Haiti by =25=: 80. regarded as supernatural =25=: 54. search for, by Navidad settlers =25=: 212.

=Columbus, Fernando=, on Antillean religion =25=: 55.

=Columbus, Ga.=, legendary occurrence at site of =42=: 39.

=Columbus, Ohio=, on Great Warrior’s Trail =42=: 757.

=Columbus Memorial Volume= on Acoma =29=: 544. on Isleta =29=: 529. on Kipana =29=: 550. on San Cristóbal =29=: 486. on Sandia =29=: 525. on Santa Ana =29=: 520.

=Columellæ= beads of =44=: 158. manner of extracting from shell =2=: 214. pendants of =44=: 149. use of, in manufacture of beads =2=: 219, 223. use of, in manufacture of pins =2=: 213, 218.

=Colville=, Dr. =Frederick V.=, acknowledgments to =24=: XVI; =36=: 55.

=Colville Indians= bands of =45=: 208. derivation of the name of =45=: 198. Flathead name for =45=: 300. hoop and pole game of =24=: 457. Indian names for =45=: 198, 199, 200. intercourse of, with other tribes =45=: 215. name of, in sign language =45=: 145. population of =45=: 212. sketch of =14=: 732. synonyms for =45=: 198. villages of =45=: 209 sq.

=Colville Reserve= changes in =18=: 858, 944. establishment of =18=: 856.

=Colville River= Eskimo =46=: 361. mention of =46=: 206, 221.

=Colville Tribe= imbricated basketry of =41=: 140, 155. materials used in basketry of =41=: 154. population of =7=: 105. trays made by =41=: 138.

=Colville Valley Kalispel.= See =Chewelah=.

=Colvin=, Mr. ----, graves on land of, Pennsylvania =12=: 499.

=Coma, Guillermo=, on character of Antilleans =25=: 32.

=Comals= of steatite =44=: =87= sq.

=Comalty=. See =Gomä´te=.

=Comanche= absence of clans among the =14=: 956. and Kiowa early warfare =14=: 1079. association of the Kiowa with =7=: 84. attitude of the, in Civil War =19=: 148. Bent’s recommendation concerning =17=: 183. bravery of the =17=: 317. character of the =17=: 234. deportation of the, to Florida =17=: 215. derivation of Türtumsi from the =21=: 99. drawings of a Ghost dance =14=: 1060. drawings on bone by the =10=: 206. expedition against Navaho by the =17=: 321. first intercourse with the =17=: 169. former range of the =17=: 161. games of the =24=: dice games 55, 126, 159 sq. hand game 309. hoop and pole 442. gesture signs of the =10=: 645. Ghost dance among the =14=: XXXIX, 653, 901, 926 sq. habitat of the =7=: 109. horses among the =17=: 161. hostility of the, in 1874 =17=: 202, 252. identification of the, with Teya =14=: 524. inhumation of the =1=: 99, 100. in peace council of 1872 =17=: 190. influence of the, on Pueblo architecture =19=: 641. killing of Arapaho by the =17=: 272. Kiowa confederation with the =17=: 164. Kiowa inferior to the =14=: 1080. Kiowa intercourse and war with the =17=: 161. Kiowa name for the =17=: 163. Kiowa peace with the =17=: 162. land allotment to the =17=: 224. land cessions and reservations =18=: 838, 846. linguistic affinity of the =14=: 525. linguistic studies among the =24=: XXI. location of home camps of the =17=: 164. meeting with dragoons by the =17=: 264. meeting with Ponca =27=: 79 sq. mescal ceremony of the =15=: XXXVIII. myth concerning thunderbird =14=: 968. name of the Arapaho =14=: 954. name of the Caddo =14=: 1092. name of the Cheyenne =14=: 1023. name of the Ghost dance =14=: 791. name of the Kiowa Apache =14=: 1081. name of the Sioux =14=: 1057. name of the whites =14=: 703, 978. name of the Wichita =14=: 1095. number names of the =19=: 929. Omaha name for the =27=: 102. payment of grass money to the =17=: 220, 354. planned uprising among the =17=: 176. population, Catlin’s exaggeration of =17=: 266. population in 1896 =17=: 235. population of the =7=: 110. raids in Texas by the =17=: 177, 187, 199. raid on Barker’s Fort by the =17=: 270. reference to the =29=: 480. relations of the, with Pecos =29=: 478. researches among the =15=: XLI. signing of Medicine Lodge treaty by the =17=: 186, 321. sketch of the =14=: 1043. smallpox among the =17=: 168, 176. songs of the =14=: 1046. Spanish influence transmitted through the =27=: 114. status of the, in 1859 =17=: 182. study of the =16=: XXIII, XXVIII. synonymy of the =14=: 1043. surrender of the =17=: 214. taboo of words by the =17=: 152. Tewa name for the =29=: 574. treaties with the =17=: 180, 184, 186, 321. treaty agreement by the, in 1865 =17=: 179. tribal signs for the =1=: 466. tribal signs of the =14=: 1043. use of language, as trade language =19=: 188. war party of the, against Sauk and Fox =17=: 302. See also =Kwahadi Comanche=; =Nokoni Comanche=; =Padouca=.

=Comanche Indian=, linguistic work of Dr. A. S. Gatschet among the =6=: XXXIV.

=Comandra Pallida=, use of =45=: 459.

=Comb= chicken, appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 80. function of use of =20=: 73, 135 sq. mention of =35=: 1224; =38=: § 517. use of, in finishing Middle Atlantic Coast pottery =20=: 148, 153 sq., 157. See also =Combs=.

=Comb-like Characters= in Dresden Codex =16=: 242. in Maya Codex =16=: 238.

=Comb-like Ornaments= Apalachee-Ohio pottery =20=: 180. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 97 sq., 154.

=Comb Plant= =33=: 131.

=Combination= in Indian languages =1=: 7. languages, process of =1=: 3, 7.

=Combs= for dressing deerskins =9=: 300, 301. for making thread, Eskimo =18=: 110, 111. made of syringa =45=: 83. of the Eskimo =9=: 149 sq., 189; =18=: 58. of the Nenenot =11=: 319. use of, in weaving =14=: 562. See also =Comb=.

=Come here=, signals for =1=: 529, 532.

=Comecrudo Indian= linguistic material, work on =29=: 13, 14. linguistic researches among =8=: XXI. vocabulary of, collected by Dr. A. S. Gatschet =7=: 68.

=Comédie Française=, gestures of the =1=: 309.

=Comer, G=. =46=: 297.

=Comer=, Capt. =George=, material collected by =24=: 752.

=Comets= belief concerning =42=: 478. Cherokee name for =19=: 442. explanation of =30=: 259. story concerning =42=: 479.

=Comfort, O. J.= on manufacture of pottery by Dakotas =20=: 187, 195. on pottery from Fort Wadsworth, North Dakota =20=: 200 sq.

=Cominy-Snake=. See =Pódalä´ñte=.

=Commander in Chief= =38=: § 760.

=Commelinaceae= =33=: 70.

=Commerce= between “Buffalo” Indians and Pueblos =9=: 529, 530. elements of =20=: XLIII sq. effect of, on the Indian =46=: 464, 465, 621 sqq. See also =Trade=; =Traders=.

=Commercial Fraud= in relics =4=: 248.

=Commercialism=, development of, in the northeastern section =42=: 723 sq.

=Commisariat= =38=: § 761.

=Commissioner of Indian Affairs= acknowledgment to =27=: 8. See also =Office of Indian Affairs=.

=Commons=, Supt. =John M.=, acknowledgment to =27=: 642.

=Communal Houses= of the East Greenlanders =9=: 76. See also =Long Houses=.

=Communal Lands= =47=: 34, 477.

=Communal Pueblos= =4=: 480, 481.

=Communal Village=, development of Pueblo architecture from conical lodge =8=: 226.

=Communication= between Asia and America =46=: 93, 96, 97. between the tribes =44=: 246 sq. by means of pictographs =4=: 160-164. means of =42=: 446.

=Communism= among North American Indians =7=: 34, 35.

=Comogres=, name for Tule Indians =42=: 10.

=Comox= ceremonial of =35=: 892. marriage with =35=: 951. mention of =35=: 895.

=Comoza’s Band= cession of reserve by =18=: 752. reservation for =18=: 740.

=Companies= duties of =45=: 156 sq. formation of =45=: 156.

=Company of One Hundred=, charter to =18=: 546.

=Comparison= degrees of, in sign language =1=: 363. of English with Indian =1=: 15.

=Compass, Points of=, references to =27=: 111, 113.

=Compass Plant=, mention of =33=: 132.

=Complexion of the Western Eskimo= =18=: 26, 27.

=Compositae= gum from =26=: 78. mention of =33=: 130.

=Composite Mounds=, interpretation of =37=: 84.

=Composition=, characterization of =33=: 330.

=Compostela= departure of Coronado from =14=: 377, 478. establishment of =14=: 473. rendezvous of Coronado’s army at =14=: 362. review of Coronado’s force in =14=: 596.

=Compound Vessels= eastern United States pottery, modeling of =20=: 51. Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 118, 126, 127. Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 105. Iroquoian pottery, rarity of =20=: 162. mention of =4=: 412. Middle Atlantic Coast province, absence of =20=: 151. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 92, 93 sq. Ohio Valley pottery =20=: 185. South Appalachian pottery =20=: 138.

=Compounding in Language= =1=: 3.

=Compounds, Casa Grande= age of =28=: 105. ancient inhabitants of =28=: 152. Compound A-- description of =28=: 88-95. excavation of =28=: 37 sqq. Compound B-- description of =28=: 95-102. excavation and repair of =28=: 40 sq. Compound C-- description of =28=: 102 sq. excavation and repair of =28=: 42. Compound D-- description of =28=: 104 sq. excavation and repair of =28=: 42. Compound E and F-- description of =28=: 106. relation to Pueblos =28=: 150-160.

=Compton=, Maj. =C. E.=, Indian operations under =17=: 212.

=Computation=, methods of number =19=: 932 sq.

=Comûpatrico=, settlement of =14=: 515.

=Comupavi=, identified with Shuñopavi =17=: 599.

=Cona=, settlement of Plains Indians =14=: 507.

=Conant, A. J.= cited =12=: 601. description of shell gorgets by =2=: 300. mention of shell gorgets by =2=: 287.

=Conant, L. L.= on Australian counting =19=: 877. on Australian number concepts =19=: 833, 837. on Cahuillo number names =19=: 868. on Cora number names =19=: 867. on geographic extent of vigesimal system =19=: 924, 925. on Mosquito number names =19=: 881. on origin and spread of vigesimal system =19=: 926. on Othomian number names =19=: 873. on primitive counting =19=: 875. on Totonaka numerals =19=: 911. on Tschukschi (Chukchi) numerals =19=: 913.

=Conant, S.=, land treaty witness =14=: 29.

=Conant, Samuel=, assistance rendered by =43=: 15.

=Concausation= =3=: LXV.

=Concepción, Cristoval de la=, at founding of Awatobi mission =17=: 599.

=Conception= belief concerning =47=: 679. beliefs concerning immaculate =11=: 59. induced by medicine =40=: 337. means of inducing =35=: 644. parthenogenetic, description of =21=: 167, 229. parthenogenetic, influence of, in development of religion =21=: 138. prevented by medicine =40=: 329. prevention of =47=: 213. See also =Pregnancy=.

=Conceptual Terms=, Serian and Yuman, comparative analysis of =17=: 321*-344*.

=Conch Shell= beads, as medium of exchange =42=: 456. range of the =2=: 143. representations of, Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 94. trumpets of, Casa Grande =28=: 144 sq. used for black drink =42=: 503.

=Conch Shell Cache=, location of =37=: 99.

=Concho Tribe=, description of =15=: XXXIV.

=Concord, N. C.=, trail through =42=: 778.

=Concretions= ironstone, description of =44=: 93 sq. ironstone, use of =44=: 93. use of, as fetishes =13=: 359, 366.

=Conde, Alejo Garcia=, expedition sent against Seri by =17=: 83.

=Conder=, Lieutenant ----, on symbol at Jerusalem =4=: 222.

=Condiment= cups of clay from Zuñi =2=: 363. See also =Flavoring=.

=Condracanqui=, Peruvian insurrection under =14=: 660.

=Cone Flower= narrow-leaved purple =33=: 131. use of =44=: 292. use of, as medicine =30=: 59. See also =Rudbeckia Laciniata=.

=Cone-Flower Symbolic Haircut=, subgentes using =43=: 91.

=Cone Shell=, ornament for lip =38=: § 74.

=Conejos=, treaty of =18=: 828.

=Cones= description and figure of =13=: 113. occurrence of, representations of, Florida mortuary pottery =20=: 124.

=Conestoga= connection of, with Susquehanna Valley pottery =20=: 165. dice games of the =24=: 105. former habitat of the =7=: 78. habitat of the =20=: 159. population of the =43=: 458. war of the, on Mohawk =43=: 458.

=Confederacy= features of =19=: XLIX. how governed =15=: CIX. of the Iroquois, established by Hiawatha =2=: 54. relation of Cherokee to Southern =5=: 376. See also =Creek Confederacy=.

=Confederate Operations= in far Southwest =26=: 48.

=Confederate States= Cherokee declaration for =19=: 148. East Cherokee relation with =19=: 168-171.

=Conference at Falmouth= =43=: 174 sq.

=Conference of Southwestern Archeologists=, mention of =47=: 1.

=Confession= of patients to Indian medicine-men =9=: 465, 466. rite of, among Isletans =47=: 206.

=Confinement.= See =Childbirth=.

=Congaree Indians= and Santee Indians, embalmment of =1=: 132, 133. birds domesticated by the =42=: 694. Cherokee relations with the =19=: 31 sq. mention of the =42=: 704. stick games of the =24=: 258.

=Congress=, Cherokee representation in =19=: 125.

=Conibo Indians=, occlusion of sight among the =30=: 299 sq.

=Conical Mounds= as burial places =37=: 84. definition of =12=: 29. distribution of =37=: 78, 91. joined to linear =37=: 92. made by the Sioux =37=: 76. number of =37=: 83. of Lake Koshkonong =37=: 100. See also =Burial Mounds=.

=Conical Tinklers= =21=: 61.

=Conifers= =33=: 63.

=Conjugal Conation=, law of, as applied to Seri =17=: 162* sq.

=Conjunctions=, in sign language =1=: 367.

=Conjunctive Mode= Algonkin =28=: 272. Arapaho =28=: 236. Cree =28=: 272. Fox =28=: 234, 253, 260, 261, 265, 271, 272, 279, 288. Micmac =28=: 245, 269, 272, 279, 285, 287 sq. Natick =28=: 272. Ojibwa =28=: 268, 272. Peoria =28=: 234, 245, 260, 265, 268, 270, 271, 272, 279, 288. Shawnee =28=: 234, 245, 255, 265, 271, 272, 279.

=Conjunctives=, indefinite passive, Algonquian =28=: 279.

=Conjunctivities= among the Pima =26=: 268.

=Conjurer= love charms made by the =42=: 635 sq. practice of the =1=: 583. results obtained by the =44=: 270. See also =Doctors=.

=Conjuring= among the Northern Indians =11=: 193, 274. in Cherokee myth =19=: 255, 277 sq., 279, 320, 374 sq., 393 sq., 501, 502, and passim. Indian practice of =19=: 495.

=Connecticut= aboriginal quarrying in =15=: 105, 107. Indian policy of =18=: 607 sq., 611-619. Indian spades from =13=: 133. Iroquoian pottery from =20=: 168. petroglyphs in =10=: 75. pottery of =20=: 146, 178, 179. tribes and dialects of =43=: 205-287.

=Connecticut Avenue=, Washington, D. C., quarries of, description of =15=: 116.

=Connecticut Board of Agriculture and Experiment Station=, report of, on composition of cereals and fruits =19=: 1081 sq.

=Connecticut Indians= account of =18=: 612 sqq. purchase of land from =18=: 616.

=Connecticut Land Company=, cession of land claimed by =18=: 666.

=Connecticut Western Reserve=, history of =18=: 667 sqq.

=Connections= between Asiatics and Americans =46=: 197.

=Connell, E.=, acknowledgment to =34=: 11.

=Connell Collection= =34=: 87, 159, 160-166.

=Connelly, William E.= on dice games, Wyandot =24=: 118 sq. on football, Wyandot =24=: 702. on hidden ball, Wyandot =24=: 351.

=Conner, Henry=, land treaty witness =14=: 29.

=Conner=, Mrs. =Rebecca=, mounds on land of =5=: 74; =12=: 348.

=Conneross=, myth concerning =19=: 412.

=Connor, James E.=, work of =43=: 19.

=Connotation= of Indian nouns =1=: 8.

=Connoun=, number of specimens from =34=: 49.

=Conoy= association of, with Delawares =19=: 497. fate of =19=: 498.

=Conquest Play= at Xico Viejo =25=: 248.

=Conquistadores=, meaning of term, in New Spain =14=: 563.

=Conrad=, Captain --, orders Selwyn to visit Kuwapi =14=: 799.

=Consag=, Padre =Ferdinando=, explorations and map by =17=: 65.

=Consanguinity= among the Guiana Indians =38=: § 876. Fox system of, reference to =40=: 375. importance of, among savages =22, i=: XXV.

=Consanguineous Kinship= of the Omahas =3=: 253.

=Conscience= of the Eskimo =18=: 294.

=Consecration= of dance ground =14=: 918. of kivas =8=: 129. of feathers =14=: 919. of the earth =14=: 919.

=Conservative Party= at Acoma, discussion of =47=: 61 sq.

=Conserves=, preparation of, from datil =30=: 72 sq.

=Consonantic Clusters= =28=: Abnaki 280. Arapaho 235, 236. Cheyenne 232 sq., 234, 236. Cree 231, 238, 246. Delaware 279, 290a. due to elimination of vowels 283. Eastern Algonquian 236, 246, 284. Fox 249, 283. linguistic classification based on 226. Malecite 280, 281 sq., 283. Menomini 249, 280 sq. Micmac 280 sq., 283. Munsee 290a. Natick 234. Northern Blackfoot 230 sq. Passamaquoddy 259, 280, 282. Penobscot 280, 282 sq. Piegan 229 sq., 231, 236. various Algonquian languages 274.

=Constellations= belief concerning =11=: 517. defining the seasons =38=: § 937. how formed and named =21=: 227, 228. in Tewa conception =29=: 50 sq. Iroquois myth concerning =2=: 80. See also =Star=.

=Constipation=, how treated by the Zuñi =30=: 57.

=Constitution= Cherokee adoption of =19=: 112, 116, 135. East Cherokee, adoption of =19=: 173.

=Construction= of Casa Grande, method of =28=: 82, 85. of pottery in Mississippi Valley =4=: 372. principles of =20=: XXXVI-XXXIX. Pueblo ceramic =4=: 268. See also =Manufacture=; =Walls=.

=Constructive Experiments= in cliff dwellings =16=: 170.

=Consumption= of wild rice =19=: 1080-1088.

=Consumption= among the Pima =26=: 267, 268. treatment of =42=: 658, 659, 667. See also =Tuberculosis=.

=Contact= of people modifies ideas =4=: 370.

=Containers= original use of vessels as =20=: 61. See also =Domestic Pottery=.

=Contentment=, legend of =30=: 380 sq.

=Contest= between men of supernatural power =35=: 1139-1147. fast-eating, of the Winnebago =37=: 485.

=Conti=, a Georgia Indian food 13: 17.

=Continence= observance of =47=: 132, 286. See also =Taboos=, sexual.

=Contours= represented on plans, interval of =8=: 45.

=Contract= for repairing Casa Grande =15=: 333, 335.

=Contracted Position= in burials, Bonasila =46=: 61. in burials, Ghost Creek =46=: 63. in burials, Pastolik =46=: 77.

=Contrares, José=, aid rendered by =17=: 14.

=Contributions to North American Ethnology= mention of =4=: 153, 166, 195, 231. plan of =20=: 16.

=Contributions to the Archeology of Missouri= =4=: 367, 414, 418, 422.

=Contributors=, list of =48=: 1189.

=Controverted Pictographs= =10=: 759-767.

=Conus Shells= ornaments of =28=: 145. Pueblo articles made of =22, i=: 91.

=Conventional Pictographic Devices= for =10=: chief 652 sq. council 653 sq. famine 655 sq. peace 650 sq. plenty of food 654 sq. starvation 656. war 651 sq. mention of =10=: 650, 664.

=Conventionality= of painted designs, eastern United States pottery =20=: 67. of signs =1=: 333, 336, 340.

=Conventionalization of Life Motives= eastern United States pottery =20=: 65, 66. Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 118, 123, 126, 127. Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 113 sq.

=Conventionalizing= development of =10=: 649 sq. in pictography =10=: 649-675. mention of =4=: 13, 15, 244.

=Convolvulaceae= =33=: 110, 111.

=Convolvulus Panduratus=, medicinal use of =42=: 670.

=Convulsions=, treatment for =44=: 336, 338.

=Conway, Maurice=, grant of land to =18=: 542.

=Conyatz.= See =Kaneatche=.

=Conyers=, Mr. --, mound on farm of, in Georgia =12=: 313.

=Cook=, Rev. =C. H.= account of =26=: 59. on mountain sheep =26=: 82. on Pima conical house =26=: 155. on Pima fishing =26=: 174. opposed by Pima medicine-men =26=: 256. work of, among the Pima =26=: 34, 63, 267 sq.

=Cook=, Miss =Emily S.=, collection purchased from =42=: 18.

=Cook=, Capt. =James= description of Alaskan labrets by =3=: 106. description of Eskimo houses by =9=: 78. discoveries, Norton Sound =46=: 126. mention of =46=: 213. Waukash tribe named by =7=: 129. works of, consulted =9=: 21.

=Cook, Joseph W.=, on Yankton gentes =15=: 217.

=Cook, R. L.=, killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 872.

=Cook=, Judge =W. L.=, information furnished by =42=: 852.

=Cook, Zachariah= acknowledgment to =42=: 32. information furnished by =42=: 65, 78, 306, 524, 527. miko of Tukabahchee town =42=: 557. names furnished by =42=: 98, 99, 103 sqq. stomp dances and busk described by =42=: 557, 568.

=Cook Inlet=, ornate stone lamp from =46=: 34.

=Cooke=, Lieutenant Colonel -- on the Pima =26=: 30. reference to =28=: 65.

=Cooke, C. S.=, interpreter for Sioux delegation =14=: 891.

=Cooking= among the Northern Indians =11=: 233, 280. among the Point Barrow Eskimo =9=: 63. Eskimo manner of =18=: 288 sq. flat rocks used for =41=: 498. in clay vessels =41=: 583-586, 607. methods of =45=: 92-95; =46=: 582. pottery for =4=: 272, 283, 371. Pueblo method of =8=: 164. taught to girls =40=: 299, 303. utensils for =45=: 230. See also =Domestic Pottery=; =Food=.

=Cooking Baskets=, terms for =41=: 396.

=Cooking Pits= and ovens, description of =8=: 162-166, 176 sq. employment of clay as lining for =20=: 49.

=Cooking Pot=, appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katchinas =21=: 104.

=Cooking Stones= of Tusayan, names of =8=: 104.

=Cooking Vessels= of clay, from Canyon de Chelly =2=: 420. of clay, from Santa Clara =2=: 416. of clay, from Tesuki =2=: 414. of clay, from Wolpi =2=: 384. of clay, from Zuñi =2=: 358.

=Cookkoo-oose= tribe of Lewis and Clark =7=: 89.

=Cooks, Three=, duties of =47=: 45, 51.

=Cooksey=, Rev. --, article by =30=: 80.

=Cooley, Dennis N.=, commissioner to treat with Cherokee =5=: 334, 341.

=Coolidge, Sherman=, acknowledgments to =14=: 655.

=Cooper, A.=, acknowledgments to =14=: 655.

=Cooper, Amy=, mention of =43=: 224.

=Cooper, Charles L.= on Nambé Pueblo =29=: 359. on Tesuque =29=: 387.

=Cooper=, Rev. =John M.=, bulletin by =39=: 24.

=Cooper, Theodore=, mention of =43=: 233.

=Cooper County, Mo.=, occurrence of salt-making vessels in =20=: 31.

=Cooper Family=, mention of =43=: 224.

=Cooper Place=, flint on =44=: 517.

=Cooperations=, purposes of =20=: LXV.

=Coos Indians= account of wild rice harvested by =19=: 1076. researches among the =25=: XVII. standard of life of the =19=: 1079.

=Coos Language= grammar of, by Dr. L. Frachtenberg =34=: 21. paper on =36=: 30.

=Coosa= a town of refuge =42=: 253. a White town =42=: 254. arrangement of square ground of =42=: 206 sqq. connection of, with origin of upper Creeks =42=: 40. considered as offspring of Hickory Ground =42=: 70. Creek peace town =19=: 207 sq. independent origin of =42=: 262. legendary origin of name =42=: 53. mention of =42=: 36. mention of, in Kasihta legend =42=: 39. myths concerning town of =42=: 69-72. synonym for =42=: 69.

=Coosa Indians=, linguistic work among the =24=: XXII.

=Coosa Language=, grammatical notes on =26=: XXII.

=Coosa River= Alabama established on =42=: 44. Muskogee settled on =42=: 45.

=Coosades.= See =Koasati=.

=Coosawatee= establishment of mission at =19=: 107. surrender of prisoners at =19=: 66.

=Cooshatta.= See =Koasati=.

=Cooshatti.= See =Koasati=.

=Coospellar=, a synonym of the Pend d’Oreille =14=: 731.

=Cootenai Tribe= =7=: 85. See also =Kutenai=.

=Cooweescoowee=, origin of name =19=: 285.

=Copaifera Officinalis= oil of =38=: § 23. oil of, for body anointing =38=: § 511.

=Copala=, name of province in Great Plains =14=: 492.

=Copan, Central America= face numbers from Mayan monuments at, discussion of =22=, =i=: 221-225. face numbers from Mayan monuments at, plates and figures showing =22=, =i=: 224, 225. Great Cycle symbols on inscription at, figures showing =22=, =i=: 266. initial series of =19=: 801-806. inscriptions of =19=: 776-788. inscriptions on Mayan monuments at, discussion of =22=, =i=: 221-225, 254, 301. inscriptions on Mayan monuments at, plates and figures showing =22=, =i=: 224, 225, 301. inscriptions on Mayan monuments at, terminal dates of, significance of =22=, =i=: 290-299. ruins of =3=: 64. statues of =1=: 207, 224, 227, 228, 229, 245.

=Cope, E. D.= on Cristone Pueblo ruin =29=: 115. on Cuyamunque =29=: 333.

=Copehan Family= =7=: 69 sq.

=Copehan Stock= implements employed by, in stick games =24=: 227. tribes of the =24=: Winnimen 241. Wintun 283, 658.

=Copeland=, Rev. =Charles E.=, information obtained from =44=: 191, 192, 193.

=Copenhagen Museum=, West Indian objects in =34=: 50, 179.

=Coping.= See =Roof-coping=.

=Copings of Hatchways= =8=: 203.

=Copings of Walls=, description of =8=: 151 sq.

=Copper= arrows poisoned by corrosion =14=: 285. articles collected from mounds =12=: 24. articles, in some instances introduced by Europeans =12=: 710. as a fabric preservative =13=: 36. association of implements of, with pottery, Northwestern province =20=: 192. ax from mounds =12=: 325. beads from mounds =12=: 77, 79, 113, 337, 340, 343, 379, 412, 515. bracelets from mounds =12=: 51, 393, 426, 431. bracelets of =35=: 937. breaking of =35=: 685. chisels from mounds =12=: 107. covered ear pendants =12=: 153. crescents from mound =12=: 113, 340. cylinder found by E. B. Andrews, smooth and even as though rolled =12=: 711. cylinders from mound =12=: 336, 337. disks from mounds =12=: 76, 324. Eskimo ornaments made of =18=: 52, 56, 58. Eskimo implements made of =18=: 148, 177 sqq., 276, 280, 282, 283. fire from heaven transformed into =31=: 467. found by Coronado at Quivira =14=: 397, 509, 577, 582. found in Awatobi =17=: 608, 609, 631. from burial cave, spool =12=: 285. from stone graves, plates, figured =12=: 161. gorget from mound =12=: 426, 495. in use among Indians =5=: 93, 94, 100-106; =19=: 23, 26. kettles from mound =12=: 51, 163, 502. masks of =46=: 34. medal from mound =12=: 246. mention of =35=: 655, 684, 685, 770, 772, 775, 777, 778, 785; =38=: § 751. mines, ancient, in Michigan =14=: XXXV, 345. mines of Lake Superior =13=: XXVIII. objects of American Indians =13=: 165. occurrence of articles of, in Georgia mound =20=: 139. occurrence of clay cores from ear disks of =20=: 43, 142. occurrence of human heads stamped in, Georgia =20=: 138. pictographs on =10=: 212 sq. plate =46=: 35. plates from mound =12=: 67, 80, 81, 337, 416, 495. plates with impressed figures =12=: 153, 302, 303, 305-309, 320, 324. purchase of =35=: 685. recognized by Colorado River Indians =14=: 405. rings of =12=: 513. sleigh bells or hawk’s bells from mound =12=: 376, 714. spearheads on Menomini reserve =14=: 36, 37. specimens found in southwestern ruins =28=: 98, 148. spindles from mounds =12=: 76, 97, 351, 353. spools from mounds and stone graves =12=: 144, 285, 324, 325. taboos relating to =31=: 305, 306, 450. Tewa name for =29=: 580. use of, by the Winnebago =37=: 85 sq. unknown to ancient Tusayan =17=: 741. used by maturing girl =35=: 701. used in embroidery =13=: 28. wire from mound =12=: 73. work in, suggesting Mexican influence =20=: 42. See also =Implements=, Copper.

=Copper Bells= found among Texas Indians =14=: 350. from Pueblo ruins in Arizona, description of =22, i=: 50, 111, 162 sq. from Pueblo ruins in Arizona, figures showing =22, i=: 111, 162. in Arizona ruins =17=: 628, 629.

=Copper Bracelets= =35=: 777.

=Copper Eskimo= =46=: 230.

=Copper Implements=, aboriginal, collection of =21=: XXXIII.

=Copper Plates= figured, found in stone graves =12=: 701. figured, from Hollywood Mound, Georgia =12=: 320. frauds =4=: 247. of the Tlingit =26=: 437. used only at potlatches =31=: 57.

=Copper River=, western boundary of Tlingit =26=: 396.

=Copper Shields.= See =Plates= (copper and brass).

=Copperhead=, myths and lore concerning =19=: 252 sq., 296, 313.

=Coppers= breaking of =35=: 822, 1115 sq. mention of =35=: 856, 861, 883, 884, 889, 890, 903, 964, 969, 1024, 1072, 1079, 1083, 1087, 1088, 1111, 1112, 1113, 1114, 1351, 1352. painted on house front =35=: 805. price of =35=: 1024, 1026. sale of =35=: 1115. small =35=: 777.

=Copris Beetle=, harbinger of rainy season =38=: § 938.

=Coptis Trifolia=, use of =44=: 288, 369.

=Copunnish=, a Sahaptin synonym =14=: 744.

=Copway, George= on double ball, Missisauga =24=: 653 sq. on duck in Ontario =19=: 1098. on hidden ball, Missisauga =24=: 344. on racket, Missisauga =24=: 569 sq. on ring and pin, Missisauga =24=: 538. on running races, Missisauga =24=: 803.

=Coquell.= See =Siletz Reserve=.

=Coquite=, pueblo of =14=: 523.

=Cora= meaning of number names of =19=: 878. number names of =19=: 867, 930.

=Corados=, pictured notices by the =10=: 357.

=Coral=, use of, as necklace, in Hopi pictures =21=: 119.

=Coral Berry= =33=: 116.

=Corazones= Coronado’s army in valley of =14=: 484. description of, by Jaramillo =14=: 585. food supply in =14=: 553. kindness of Indians of =14=: 534, 537. or Valley of Hearts, in Sonora =14=: 392. river and settlement of =14=: 515. settlement of, by Arellano =14=: 572.

=Corbeau.= See =Gaá-Bohón=.

=Corbusier, William F.= account of Dakota customs by =10=: 265. cited on Indian wigs =9=: 474. cited on use of pollen by Indians =9=: 505. cited on Indian medicine men =9=: 460. petroglyphs reported by =10=: 129 sq. quoted on galena among the Indians =9=: 549. religious ceremonies described by =10=: 505 sq.

=Corbusier=, Dr. =William H.= local source of sign language =1=: 317. on Crow occupancy of Black Hills =7=: 114. on pictographs =4=: 60. on rock carvings =4=: 24. on time symbols =4=: 88. sign for strong =1=: 364. Winter Counts, the =4=: 95, 118, 119, 121, 124, 127-146.

=Cord= Eskimo implements for making =18=: 110 sqq. markings on pottery =3=: 423. of St. Francis =9=: 556 sq. umbilical, treatment of =38=: § 905. See also =Cords=.

=Cord Attachers= of the Eskimo =18=: 142-145.

=Cordage= of the Menomini =14=: 260, 273. primitive manufacture of =13=: 21.

=Corderu, Tefilo=, archeological material found by =25=: 100.

=Cording= with one thread =38=: § 40. with three threads =38=: §41.

=Cordoncillo=, medicinal remedy =26=: 80.

=Cordova, P. Fr. Juan de= on meaning of nagache =16=: 228. on meaning of quii-lana =16=: 231 sq. on Zapotec counting by moons =19=: 954. on Zapotec numerals =19=: 872, 887.

=Córdova, Luis Cabrera de= on Jemez =29=: 402. on San Juan =29=: 213.

=Córdova, Mexico= antiquities near =26=: XV. Indian burials of =46=: 35. Indians of =46=: 36.

=Cords= formerly used in binding prisoners =9=: 574 sq. imitation of impressions of, in pottery decoration =20=: 66, 79, 134, 190. magic wind, of the Lapps =9=: 560 sq. Mahometan belief concerning =9=: 566. measuring =9=: 572 sq. mnemonic =9=: 561 sqq. of the Seri =17=: 227*-230*. sacred, of the Brahmans and Parsis =9=: 563-567. superstitions concerning =9=: 533-580. sacred, ophic origin of =9=: 574. unclassified, superstitions concerning =9=: 576-580. use of, eastern United States pottery =20=: 50, 52, 68, 72, 73-79. use of, Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 118. use of, Iroquoian pottery =20=: 163. use of, Mid-Atlantic Coast pottery =20=: 148-156. use of, New Jersey-New England pottery =20=: 179. use of, Northwestern pottery =20=: 188, 189, 190, 191, 194-201. use of, Ohio Valley pottery =20=: 185. used for suspending chimney =8=: 170. used in casting lots =9=: 558 sq. See also =Cord=; =Fabrics=; =Paddles=; =Roulette=; =Textiles=.

=Cores=, described and figured =13=: 170.

=Corial= a dugout boat =38=: § 792, 797. string figure of =38=: § 668, 680.

=Coriander Seeds= ground cherry eaten with =30=: 70. used as food =30=: 66. used for drinking =30=: 66. used for dyeing =30=: 80.

=Cormorant= legend concerning =30=: 225 sq. skin, Eskimo clothing made of =18=: 31, 39. Tlingit charm from =26=: 454 sq.

=Corn= a gift to the people =39=: 207. a life symbol =43=: 68. acquisition of =32=: 642. appearance of, in Hopi pictures =21=: 68, 69, 82, 95, 98, 102, 106, 115, 119, 122. Arapaho mythic origin of =14=: 959. artificialization of =13=: LIX. as a fetish =47=: 277. attached to prayer sticks =17=: 739. beans used with =30=: 70, 74, 85. bee plant cooked with =30=: 69. beliefs concerning =47=: 277. black, magic power of =47=: 683, 686, 689. blue, a life symbol =36=: 136. burned in New Fire ceremony =42=: 555, 562 sq., 584, 604, 605, 606, 607. cactus used with =30=: 69. carried in Oraibi dance =16=: 293. ceremonial use of =43=: 48, 72. ceremonies connected with =42=: 707. ceremony in Tusayan =16=: 307. charred, found in ruins =33=: 191, 196. chemical composition of =19=: 1081. clan names from =30=: 86. cocklebur used with =30=: 72. cooking of, by the Chippewa =44=: 319. crushers of lake dwellers =13=: 87. cultivation of =27=: 252, 626. cultivation of, by the Navaho =16=: 84. customs concerning =11=: 410. description of native American =14=: 518. destruction in Troano Codex =16=: 217. distribution of grains of =23=: 194, 195. distribution of, in Soyaluña =21=: 24. dramatization of growth of =21=: 93. drink made of =47=: 921. enormous size of =32=: 481. Eriocoma seeds mixed with =30=: 67. feast of =37=: 384. flint, a life symbol =36=: 134. found in Awatobi =17=: 606, 619. found in cavate lodges =13=: 225. found in Honanki =17=: 572. found in Ruin No. 6 =33=: 172. green sweet, chemical composition of =19=: 1081. green, taboo concerning =42=: 554, 573. grown by women =39=: 288. Hopi symbolism of =17=: 662. importance of introduction of =42=: 726. in Caddo mythology =14=: 1093. in Cheyenne mythology =14=: 1027. in Hopi ceremony =17=: 628. in Hopi mythology =16=: 302. in Ponca legend =27=: 49. in Tusayan ceremony =15=: 270, 271, 278, 279, 280, 283, 289, 302. Indian use of =19=: 481. introduction of, into the West Indies =34=: 58. lambsquarter seed eaten with =30=: 66. large quantities of, raised by certain tribes =7=: 41. legend of origin of =32=: 643. mesa named for =30=: 86. method of grinding, at pueblos =14=: 522, 559. mysterious appearance of =32=: 637, 640. myths and lore concerning =19=: 244 sq., 246, 248, 249, 421, 423, 432, 471. myths concerning =11=: 40, 76, 403. of Antelope altar =19=: 968. of Macileñya =19=: 989. of Mishongnovi Cakwaleñya altar =19=: 992. orache seeds eaten with =30=: 66. origin of =30=: 73. Pawnee use of, in glazing inner surfaces of pots =20=: 59. people of Zuñi tradition =13=: 343. perfecting ceremony =13=: 445. pigweed mixed with =30=: 67. place in Wa´waⁿ ceremony =27=: 379. planting time for, by the Hopi =15=: 258, 259. pollen used in Navaho ceremonies =14=: 705. preparation of =23=: 186, 187. preparation of, for bush fire =42=: 562 sq. preparation of a perfect ear of =23=: 418. probable place of origin of =33=: 59. prominent in Flute ceremony =19=: 1005. red, a life symbol =36=: 136. rite connected with =45=: 530. rites connected with Snake dance =16=: 306. ritual of =27=: 609. roasting of =30=: 76. sacred, of the Arapaho =17=: 242. sacred feast of =22, ii=: 161, 333. sacred nature of =47=: 496. sacrosanct, term for =47=: 217. significance of =16=: 228. Sioux mythic origin of =14=: 1063. songs and dances of =32=: 649. speckled, a life symbol =36=: 137. spirits associated with =30=: 228, 230 sq. sprouted beverage with =30=: 76. spurge used for sweetening =30=: 68. stack (shock) of, at Walpi Flute altar =19=: 1001. stores of, kept by Indians =14=: 584. sweet, introduced in Mishongnovi =17=: 604. symbolic planting of =39=: 194; =43=: 55, 56. symbolic use of =21=: 41; =47=: 121. symbolism of =43=: 48. symbolic of cardinal points =16=: 291. symbols in the codices =16=: 216, 226, 242. tumbleweed seeds used with =30=: 65. use of =44=: 294. use of, by Natackas =21=: 35. use of, in Hopi =21=: 114. use of, in initiation ceremony =47=: 74. use of, in naming ceremony =47=: 134, 215. used as food =30=: 73-76. used in ceremonies =30=: 99 sq. used in making he´palokia =30=: 75. used in medicine =30=: 62. used in Tusayan ceremony =16=: 279, 280, 282. varieties grown by Indians =33=: 67. varieties of =37=: 117. white, origin of =32=: 652. white-flour, medicinal use of =42=: 665. yellow, a life symbol =36=: 137. Zuñi origin of =13=: 391. Zuñi regard for =13=: 376. See also =Agriculture=; =Corn= (among the Pima); =Corn, Ear of=; etc.; =Maize=; =Meal=; =New Corn Crop=; =Pollen=.

=Corn= (among the Pima). article of trade =26=: 94. food product =26=: 72 sq. in mythology =26=: 352. in song =26=: 332 sq.

=Corn=, a female man-being in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 174.

=Corn, Ear of= appearance of, in Hopi katcinas =21=: 102, 122. function of, in Hako ceremony =22, ii=: 46. in katcina representations =21=: 68. journey to the sun by =22, ii=: 50-56. leadership of, assertion of =22, ii=: 68-73, 85-89, 299, 306, 307. leadership of, assumption of =22, ii=: 59. meaning of design painted on =22, ii=: 44 sqq. painting of =22, ii=: 42-46, 289, 290. plate representing =22, ii=: 44. roasted, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 105, 116. sacred =22, ii=: 156. symbolism of =22, ii=: 22, 23, 44, 289. use of =22, ii=: 20. use of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 98.

=Corn, Green= festival of the Iroquois =2=: 115. Iroquois festival of gathering of =2=: 115. planting of =2=: 115.

=Corn Clan= ceremony of =47=: 82, 94 sqq. native name for =42=: 116. reference to =47=: 910. same as Kolon clan =19=: 615, 618.

=Corn Creek Reserve=, sale of =18=: 830.

=Corn Creek Uta=, executive order affecting =18=: 892.

=Corn Dances= ceremony of =32=: 647. description of =42=: 534; =44=: 257. See also =Green Corn Dance=.

=Corn Ears= representation of, Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 124. supposed modeling, of Iroquoian pottery =20=: 163.

=Corn Festival=, modern survival of =43=: 255.

=Corn God= in Maya hieroglyphs =16=: 210, 217, 229. of the Pima =26=: 333.

=Corn Groups= discussion of =47=: 269-274. marriage within =47=: 235, 269. names of =47=: 270. officers of =47=: 269.

=Corn Hills=, Indian remains =43=: 256 sq.

=Corn Husks= appearance of, in Hopi pictures =21=: 65, 67, 74, 75, 83, 91, 100 sq., 103, 106, 110, 111, 121. artificial flowers made of =21=: 85. use of, as necklace in dress of Hopi katcinas =21=: 100.

=Corn Katcinas.= See =Kae=.

=Corn Kernel Mosaic=, at Mishongnovi altar =19=: 993.

=Corn Maid= dolls of the Hopi =17=: 704. figures of the Hopi =17=: 661. figures on Hopi pottery =17=: 657, 658, 662. images on Flute altar =16=: 300. impersonation of =47=: 913. myth concerning =47=: 914-919. personated in Hopi dances =16=: 300.

=Corn Maidens= assembling of =23=: 56. association of, with Hehea =21=: 73. bringing of =23=: 48. ceremony over =23=: 55. dancing of =23=: 32. discovery of =23=: 48, 49. escape of =23=: 49. gods, assumed the forms of =23=: 53. naming of =23=: 31. procession of, from Ku´shilowa =23=: 53. protection of, by the gods =23=: 49. representation of, by marionettes =21=: 87, 88. return of =23=: 52. younger sister of =23=: 55. Zuñi ceremonial of =13=: 430, 435, 442, 443. See also =Cardinal Corn Maidens=.

=Corn Meal= at Hopi altars =19=: 983, 991, 992, 999, 1001, 1003. chemical composition of =19=: 1081. importance of, in Antelope and Snake dance =19=: 974, 975, 976. made with one blow of pestle =32=: 399. sacred to divinities =29=: 43. used in Navaho house dedication =17=: 504, 505. See also =Meal=; =Prayer Meal=.

=Corn Mother= a fetish =47=: 277. composition of =47=: 277.

=Corn Mound=, symbolic =17=: 740.

=Corn Mountain.= See =To´wa Yäl´llännĕ=.

=Corn People= All Colors corn group =47=: 272. officials of =47=: 272.

=Corn Planting.= See =Palülükoñti=.

=Corn-planting Songs= =39=: 196-205.

=Corn Pollen= in Hopi ceremony =17=: 628. See also =Pollen=.

=Corn Silk=, use of =44=: 318.

=Corn Smut= mention of =33=: 62. use of, in medicine =30=: 61.

=Corn Woman=, declaration of =32=: 646.

=Cornaceae= =33=: 107.

=Cornbury=, Lord, instructions to =18=: 589.

=Corncobs= appearance of, in Hopi pictures =21=: 118. Cherokee use of, in smother-firing =20=: 56. found in small buildings =33=: 165. in Cherokee myth =19=: 436, 441.

=Corncrib=, community =42=: 444.

=Cornelius=, Rev. =Elias= account of Etowah Mound, cited =12=: 293. on The Suck =19=: 464 sq. statement by, referred to =12=: 298.

=Cornells=, on Cherokee reception of Prophet’s doctrine =19=: 89.

=Corner of Baskets=, treatment of =41=: 265, 268, 269, 277, 278, 281, 336 sq., 347.

=Corner Stones= of Tusayan kivas =8=: 119.

=Cornfield=, imitation of, in Hopi festivals =21=: 40, 42, 46, 47.

=Cornflowers=, appearance of, in Hopi pictures =21=: 119.

=Cornstalks= appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 95, 98. in Cipaulovi Antelope dance =16=: 283. in Hopi Snake dance =16=: 284, 305. in Oraibi kisi =16=: 297.

=Cornus=, medicinal use of =42=: 660.

=Cornus Amomum= =33=: 107.

=Cornus Alternifolia= medicinal constituents of =44=: 304. medicinal properties of =44=: 300. use of =44=: 288, 360, 376.

=Cornus Asperifolia= =33=: 108.

=Cornus Canadensis=, use of =44=: 288, 307, 321; =45=: 458.

=Cornus Nuttallii= =45=: 461, 496.

=Cornus Pubescens= =45=: 472, 475, 490, 495, 499.

=Cornus Rugosa=, use of =44=: 288, 377.

=Cornus Stolonifera= mention of =33=: 108. use of =44=: 288, 360, 369.

=Cornwall School=, education of Cherokee at =19=: 108.

=Cornwallis=, attempt to invade North Carolina and Virginia by =19=: 56 sq.

=Cornwallis Indians=, mention of =41=: 144.

=Corona Borealis= =22=, =ii=: 234.

=Coronado, Francisco Vasquez de= accompanied Mendoza to Mexico =14=: 376. appointment of =14=: 402. at Cibola =19=: 650. at Zuñi =47=: 23. cause of illness of =14=: 531, 538, 579. commission of, as governor of New Galicia =14=: 351. conquest of Cibola by =13=: 326. departure of, for Quivira =14=: 395, 577. departure of, from Compostela =14=: 478. departure of, from Culiacan =14=: 552. end of career of =14=: 402. escorts Friar Marcos to Culiacan =14=: 355. explorations by =17=: 53 sqq. letter written by, to survivors of Narvaez’s expedition =14=: 507, 590. marriage and history of =14=: 379, 474. on Indian dependence on buffalo =14=: 980. on location of Tucano =19=: 599. on Pecos =29=: 475. on Quivira =29=: 565. petition from, to Mendoza =14=: 596. quells revolt of miners at Amatepeque =14=: 380. regrets of, for failure of expedition =14=: 583. request by, for investigation of personnel of force =14=: 377. return of, to Mexico =14=: 401. return of, to Mexico with Friar Marcos =14=: 362, 381. route of =17=: 530. rumors of appointment of, as governor =14=: 380. separation of, from main army =14=: 508. trick attempted on =19=: 194. Tutahaco visited by =14=: 492. wounded at Cibola =14=: 388, 483, 557, 565, 573.

=Coronado Expedition= mention of =13=: 296; =19=: 598. memoir on =14=: L, LIV, 329-613. reference to =28=: 65. route of =26=: 26.

=Coronation Gulf=, Eskimo =46=: 230.

=Coronel=, Hon. =A. F.= cited =10=: 72. collection of herders’ notched sticks of =4=: 81, 82. ethnologic collection of =10=: 71. on pictographs =4=: 35, 36. on Serrano land-marks =4=: 182.

=Corporations= among Omahas =3=: 218, 342, 355, 367. dancing societies =3=: 330, 342, 355. feasting societies =3=: 342. in savagery =15=: CX, CXV. organization of =20=: LXV sq., LXXII. purposes of =20=: LXXII-LXXVIII.

=Corporeal Gestures=, general consideration of =1=: 270, 273.

=Corpse= a source of disease =42=: 511, 651 sq. belief concerning =42=: 702. clothed in best clothing =35=: 708. kicked by the mother =35=: 708. left unburied =42=: 393, 394. painting of =38=: § 831, 833, 855, 860, 864. preparation of, for burial, Winnebago =37=: 146, 149. used in ceremonial dances =35=: 1008 sq. See also =Burials=.

=Corpse-from-a-Scaffold=, a Cheyenne division =14=: 1026.

=Corral, Ramón=, acknowledgments to =17=: XLIV, 12, 14, 20.

=Corrals= described in detail =8=: 214-217. Hawikuh =8=: 81. how constructed =8=: 146. Ketchipauan =8=: 81. modern at Kiakima =8=: 85. Payupki =8=: 59. Sichumovi =8=: 62 sq.

=Correo, Francisco=, town chief at Oraibi =47=: 354.

=Correo, José Nacio=, town chief at Oraibi =47=: 354.

=Correspondence of the Bureau of American Ethnology= =25=: XIX, XXIV; =26=: XVI, XVII; =39=: 10; =41=: 6 sq., 27, 56, 80, 86.

=Correspondents= foreign, on sign language =1=: 407. of the Bureau of American Ethnology =13=: XXV.

=Corsican= funeral custom =1=: 147.

=Cortes (Cortés; Cortez), Hernando= arguments of, before the Council for the Indies =14=: 371. cited =12=: 671. declares Friar Marcos’ report to be a lie =14=: 367. defeat of Narvaez by =14=: 346. efforts of, to populate New Spain =14=: 373. expedition under Ulloa to head of Gulf of California =14=: 369. feats of =14=: 450. figure in Conquest Play =25=: 248. importation of cattle by =14=: 374. in Mexico =25=: 231, 243, 244, 248, 274. instructions to =18=: 539. Marquis del Valle de Oxitipar =14=: 350. mention of =1=: 209; =42=: 41. name Nueva España given by =14=: 403. probably mistaken reference to, in Ramusio =14=: 556. rivalry of, with Guzman =14=: 475. settlement at Santa Cruz =14=: 351. trial for murder of wife =14=: 473. troubles of, with Mendoza =14=: 368, 409.

=Cortesian Codex= caban symbol in =16=: 254. cauac day symbol in =16=: 259. chuen symbol in =16=: 241. cimi symbol in =16=: 231. cited =19=: 817. discussion of symbols in =16=: 256, 261. eb symbol in =16=: 243. ix symbol in =16=: 248. kan symbol in =16=: 229. mention of =3=: 7, 8, 9, 25, 26, 31, 34, 35, 36, 41, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64. muluc symbol in =16=: 237. oc symbol in 16: 239. phonetic element of symbols in =16=: 239. references to =22, i=: 252, 253.

=Cortez,= Don =José= cited =7=: 54. cited as to Tontos =28=: 217. on Colorado River tribes =28=: 209. on Seri Indians =17=: 83 sq.

=Corwin, R. G.=, commissioner for Cherokee boundary =5=: 365.

=“Corwin,”= S. S. (United States revenue steamer). cruises of =46=: 29. expeditions by E. W. Nelson on =18=: 20 sq. mention of =46=: 177, 205, 221.

=Corwine, R. W.=, killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 872.

=Corylus=, use of =44=: 340.

=Corylus Americana= mention of =33=: 74. use of =44=: 289, 307, 338, 369, 377.

=Corylus Californica= =45=: 491, 501.

=Corylus Rostrata=, use of =44=: 289, 377.

=Cosa, Juan de la=, map of =26=: 77.

=Cosĭ´spä.= See =Kasĭ´spä=.

=Cosmit Reserve=, establishment of =18=: 884.

=Cosmogonic Myths= of the Cherokee =19=: 239-261. See also =Sacred Myths=.

=Cosmogony= of the Dakota =11=: 438. of the Hopi =16=: 302 sq.; =17=: 647, 666, 732. of the Muyscas =16=: 220. of the Sia =11=: 26, 143.

=Cosmography=, Tewa =29=: 41 sq.

=Cosmological Beliefs= (or =Ideas=) =37=: 163; =47=: 487 sq.

=Cosmology= explained by Smohalla =14=: 720. mention of =33=: 299. not simple but composite =21=: 136. of the Arapaho =14=: 959, 983. of the Caddo =14=: 1093. of the Cherokee =14=: 971. of the Columbia River tribes =14=: 722. of the Iroquois =21=: 127-339. of the Menomini =14=: 20. of the Paiute =14=: 1050. of the Tlingit =26=: 451-460. of the Zuñi =13=: 370, 379, 388.

=Cosmos, The=, beliefs concerning =42=: 477-481.

=Cosna= =46=: 126.

=Cosninos= =4=: 30.

=Costa Rica= Anastasia Alfaro donates gold ornaments from =10=: XXII. character of pottery of =20=: 20. establishment of =17=: 109. origin of name of =6=: 35.

=Costano Dialects=, Latham’s, opinions concerning =7=: 92.

=Costanoan Family= =7=: 70, 71.

=Costanoan Stock= games of the =24=: hand game 283. hoop and pole 472. stick games 248. tribes of the =24=: Rumsen 283, 472. Saklan 248.

=Costansó=, Father =Miguel= extract from diary of =44=: 41-44. reference to diary of =44=: 36.

=Coste=, De Soto’s visit to =19=: 200.

=Costello, John=, killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 872.

=Costumes= ceremonial, of Tusayan =15=: 265, 270, 275, 277, 278, 281, 282, 283, 287, 295. for Sword-swallowing dance =47=: 115. in ceremonial =11=: 106, 122, 133. in religious ceremonies =15=: 267. of dancers =47=: 100-105, 303, 304, 305, 314, 318, 324. of Fire society members =47=: 114. of medicine-men =47=: 113, 118. of the Algonquian Indians =15=: 44. of the Eskimo =11=: 208. of the Ghost dancers =14=: 788, 814, 916. of the Louisiana Indian women =13=: 32, 33. of the Nenenot =11=: 289. of the Sia =11=: 22. of warriors =46=: 548, 553 sq. of women =47=: 870 sq. of Zuñi katcinas =47=: 857, 869-872, 908, 919, 923, 931, 935, 936, 946, 958, 962, 967, 969, 986, 988, 990, 991, 993, 996, 1002, 1006, 1007, 1009, 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014, 1016, 1017, 1018, 1020, 1021, 1023, 1024, 1026, 1028, 1031, 1032, 1035, 1036, 1040, 1041, 1048, 1051, 1055, 1056, 1057, 1065, 1066, 1067, 1070, 1071, 1073, 1074, 1075, 1076, 1077, 1078, 1080, 1082, 1085, 1086. representation of, on effigy vases, Middle Mississippi Valley group =20=: 57. worn at Bull’s dance =46=: 562. worn at Fox dance =46=: 561. worn at Soldiers’ dance =46=: 563. See also =Antelope Priests=; =Clothing=; =Dress=; =Ghost Shirts=.

=Costumes, Weapons and Ornaments= (distinctive), pictographs of =10=: 749-756.

=Costumery= in Tusayan ceremony =16=: 282, 284, 288, 292, 294.

=Cosumne= (or =Cosumni=), ball race of the =24=: 669 sq.

=Coteea´kun.= See =Kotai´aqan=.

=Coto=, description of =21=: 89.

=Cotokiñufiwû= derivation of =21=: 124. description of =21=: 120. statuette of, at Oraibi Flute altar =19=: 993.

=Cotoname= linguistic material, work on =29=: 13, 14. vocabulary, collected by Doctor Gatschet =7=: 68.

=Cotonné=, synonym of Kutenai =14=: 731.

=Cotoplanenee= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Cottage Home Group of Ruins=, mention of =41=: 496.

=Cottman, George S.= information furnished by =24=: 342, 344. on game of bullet =24=: 343.

=Cotton= appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 43, 59, 65, 70, 90, 92, 99, 102, 105, 106, 122. apron =38=: § 548. at Acoma, Coronado’s account of =14=: 560. Casa Grande, references to =28=: 148, 156. cloth at Tusayan =14=: 489. cords and bands =38=: § 39-44. cultivation of, by Guiana Indians =30=: 77 sq.; =38=: § 246. cultivation of, by the Hopi =17=: 596, 629. cultivation of, by the Tusayan =8=: 33. cultivation of, on Rio Grande =14=: 575. fabrics in Verde ruins =17=: 573. found at Cibola by Coronado =14=: 558. garments of the Hopi =17=: 599. hammocks =38=: § 460, 462, 466-476. loopwork on a frame =38=: § 56. plaits of, source of =30=: 337. products of, traded by the Pima =26=: 94. raised by the Pima =26=: 29, 148 =sqq.= sails =38=: § 797. scale lines =38=: § 38. shawls of Lower Mississippi =13=: 25. substitute for =33=: 65. twine =38=: § 33-37. use of, by the Pueblo Indians =14=: 569. used in ceremonies =30=: 92, 340. woven in pueblos, native =3=: 375.

=Cotton Cloth= Eskimo clothing made of =18=: 32. Eskimo hunting bag made of =18=: 167.

=Cotton Gin=, grant to Cherokee of =19=: 85.

=Cotton Gin Port= mention of =42=: 827. road from =42=: 826.

=Cotton Plant=, uses of =26=: 77.

=Cotton States and International Exposition=, exhibit at =17=: LVIII.

=Cottonai=, synonym of Kutenai =14=: 731.

=Cotton’s Ranch= same as Pueblo Ganado =19=: 604. site of old Wukopakabi =19=: 614.

=Cottontail=, account of =26=: 82.

=Cottonwood= coronet worn in Snake dance =16=: 306. in basketry =26=: 134. in Paiute Ghost song =14=: 1055. leaves in Tusayan ceremony =16=: 282, 283, 292, 294. medicinal use of =42=: 660. mention of =33=: 72. mystic character of =33=: 57. narrow-leaf, used in ceremonial =30=: 97. not used in Cipaulovi Snake dance =16=: 284. Pima food plant =26=: 69. sacred character of =14=: 968. use of, by Indians =14=: 967. used for framework of Ki =26=: 154.

=Cottonwood Canyon, Utah= archeological work in =40=: 13 sq. collection from =41=: 19

=Coualina=, comets sent by =30=: 259.

=Couches= of the Omaha =13=: 275.

=Coudreau, H. A.=, cited =30=: 152, 165, 254, 285, 289, 309 sq., 329, 355, 375.

=Coues=, Dr. =Elliott= citing Grace’s Diary on Yavapai =26=: 200. death of =21=: XXXVIII. on bird carvings from mounds =2=: 148. on dependence of fur traders on wild rice =19=: 1101 sq. on dependence of Northwest Fur Company on wild rice =19=: 1103. on description of wild rice plant =19=: 1026. on early range of horses =15=: 174. on “Fols Avoins Sauteurs” =19=: 1042. on influence of wild rice on geographic nomenclature =19=: 1122, 1123, 1124. on Kinnikinie =15=: 172. on Kino’s route =17=: 60. on massacre at Caborka =17=: 77. on popular synonym for wild rice =19=: 1023, 1024. on time of year when Dakota consume wild rice =19=: 1087. on wild rice in North Dakota =19=: 1031. reference to translation of Diario =19=: 599. search of, for documents in the Pueblos =21=: X, XXII. work by, cited =28=: 57. work of =26=: 28.

=Cougar= invoked in medicine =30=: 59. myths concerning =11=: 39, 154. range of the =2=: 142. Society of the =11=: 118. special connection of, with man =27=: 512.

=Coughs= and colds prevalent at rising of Great Bear =38=: § 937. treatment of =42=: 660 sq., 667, 668. See also =Whooping Cough=.

=Coulanges, Fustel de=, description of the “Ancient City” by =19=: XLI.

=Coulter=, Doctor, =Pima= vocabulary by =7=: 98; =26=: 269 sq.

=Coulter, John M.=, on wild rice in Texas =19=: 1032.

=Coulter, P. F.=, inclosure on land of =12=: 468.

=Council= description of =46=: 436-440, 446 sqq. forming new government =42=: 330. Indian, at Huron village =1=: 251. Isleta, members of =47=: 250 sq. manner of conducting =42=: 536 sq. matters decided by =47=: 478. of priests =47=: 478. of the Tsimshian =31=: 433. Omaha tribal =3=: 361. See also =Councils=.

=Council Bluffs=, treaty of =27=: 622.

=Council Fire= covering and uncovering of =32=: 541. description of =42=: 536.

=Council for the Indies=, investigation of charges against Cabeza de Vaca by =14=: 349.

=Council, General=, of the Confederacy =42=: 310, 320.

=Council, Governing Tribal= modern form =27=: 635. on annual buffalo hunt =27=: 276, 277 sq., 280, 302 sqq.

=Council Lodge= diagram of =46=: 437. order of entering =37=: 163. seating arrangements in =37=: 164 sq.

=Council of Seven Chiefs= at Watha’wa =27=: 497-500. authority as to keepers =27=: 595. general account of =27=: 206-212. gens represented in =27=: 172. origin of =27=: 74. part in anointing Sacred Pole =27=: 230-233. part in buffalo hunt =27=: 276, 280, 281, 283, 423, 425. punishment of offenders =27=: 213. references to =27=: 196, 203, 236. use of kinship terms in =27=: 314.

=Council of the Gods=, night ceremonies of =23=: 241-249.

=Council of the Gods and Rainmakers= =23=: 144.

=Council of the Gods and Sha’läko= =23=: 129.

=Council, World= chief chosen for all peoples =32=: 332-341. held at Broken Land =32=: 325. invitation to attend =32=: 336.

=Councils= customs connected with =45=: 154 sq. discussion of =46=: 451. held for all important undertakings =37=: 163. not permanent =45=: 263. of war =45=: 188. tribal, composition of =43=: 462. uses of pipes in =20=: 44. See also =Clan Council=; =Council=; =Town Council=.

=Counter-charms= to Indian “medicine” =9=: 459 sq.

=Counterirritants= =38=: § 926.

=Counting= among the Osage =17=: 260. analogy of, between animals and tribesmen =19=: 833 sqq. and number systems, primitive =19=: 833-843. by fingers =42=: 454. decimal system of =42=: 453. Eskimo methods of =18=: 236 sq. manner of =44=: 246. mention of =42=: 453-456. of blankets =35=: 1055. system of =45=: 148; =46=: 418 sqq.

=Counting Game= of Sauk and Foxes =24=: 234.

=Counting Sticks= of the Cree =24=: 230.

=Coup=, counting of =46=: 560.

=Courage=, medicine for =30=: 85, 158.

=Couria Drink= =38=: § 261.

=Courois=, built mounds for dwelling sites =12=: 653.

=Court, Indian= among the Menomini =14=: 34. establishment of, among the Kiowa =17=: 220.

=Courting= flowers used in =30=: 64. medicine used by Winnebago in =37=: 263. methods of =30=: 313 sq. See also =Courtship=; =Love=.

=Courting Game.= See =Matrimonial Game=.

=Courtois Group= of mounds =5=: 15.

=Courts= Cherokee, narrowing of jurisdiction of =19=: 156. Chukubi =8=: 59. East Cherokee =19=: 166. Hawikuh =8=: 81. in ancient Verde ruins =13=: 196. Ketchipauan =8=: 81. Kin-tiel =8=: 92. Kwaituki =8=: 56. Mashongnavi =8=: 68. Matsaki =8=: 86. Mishiptonga =8=: 52. Pecado =8=: 95. Shumopavi =8=: 74. Shupaulovi =8=: 71. Sichumovi =8=: 62. Tâaaiyalana =8=: 90. Walpi =8=: 63. Zuñi =8=: 98. See also =Plaza=.

=Courtship= account of =27=: 318-324, 361. among Fox Indians =40=: 309. among the Eskimo =11=: 188. among the Omaha =3=: 259. Assiniboin customs of =46=: 510 sq. See also =Courting=; =Love=.

=Couscou Drink= =38=: § 268.

=Cousins, George=, Eufaula chief =42=: 322.

=Cousins=, marriage of =30=: 201, 318; =31=: 412; =38=: § 874.

=Coussa=. See =Coosa=.

=Coussapoa Latifolia=, for red pigment =38=: § 28.

=Cousschaté.= See =Koasati=.

=Coutanie=, a synonym of Kutenai =14=: 731.

=Couteau=, a name for the Thompson Indians =45=: 447.

=Coutts=, Capt. =Cave J.=, on the Pima =26=: 31.

=Couvade= customs resembling =42=: 359 sq. description of =30=: 320-324. mention of =3=: 263; =38=: § 907. traces of, among the Tsimshian =31=: 530. See also =Pregnancy=.

=Couvillon, N. A.=, mounds on land of =44=: 410 sq.

=Covens, Jean=, maps published by =17=: 63 sq.

=Cover Basketry= =38=: § 449.

=Covered= passages and gateways, description of =8=: 180 sqq. way, manner of development of =8=: 76.

=Coverings=, head =38=: § 518.

=Covers= to burial vases, South Appalachian group =20=: 133, 136 sq. to smoke-holes of Eskimo houses =18=: 246, 251.

=Coville, F. V.= acknowledgments to =14=: 655; =30=: 38. on identification of ancient food remains =17=: 741 sq.

=Covington, La.=, bowl made by the Choctaws at =20=: 102.

=Cow= appearance of head of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 113. in Cherokee myth =19=: 265. See also =Bison=; =Buffalo=.

=Cow-ant= in Cherokee lore =19=: 309.

=Cow Creek= Seminole Indian settlement =5=: 477, 478. treaty of =18=: 790.

=Cow Dance=, mention of =42=: 534.

=Cow-fly=, string figure of =38=: § 640-642.

"=Cow-hide Purchase=,” myth of =42=: 76.

=Cow Horn Game=, mention of =47=: 240.

=Cow Katcina= introduction of, among the Hopi =21=: 17. See also =Wakac=.

=Cow-keeper=, an Oconee chief =42=: 449.

=Cow Parsnip= mention of =33=: 107. use of =45=: 457, 482, 504. See also =Heracleum Lanatum=.

=Cowabbe.= See =Little Prince=.

=Cowassawdays= bean festival of =42=: 568. See also =Koasati=.

=Cowe=, description of Cherokee Council House at =5=: 87.

=Cowee= burning of, in 1783 =19=: 61. legends of =19=: 375-378, 496. trail to =42=: 773.

=Cowejo=, name applied to Wovoka =14=: 765.

=Cowell=, ----. See =Robinson Episode=.

=Coweta= allocation of clans in beds at =42=: 201, 204. and Kasihta medicine divided by =42=: 546. arrangement of square ground of =42=: 228, 229, 274, 275. attempted explanation of the name =42=: 73. belief of, concerning busk =42=: 546. busk name of =42=: 614. busk of, description of =42=: 586-589, 604 sq. busk of, held with Eufaula =42=: 568. ceremonial title of =42=: 307. claims of, to ownership of land =42=: 338. clan councils of =42=: 126. clans of, furnishing chiefs and henihas =42=: 193 sq. clans, phratries and moieties of =42=: 161. distinguished from the Kasihta =42=: 38. friendship of, with Tukabahchee =42=: 66, 67, 68 sq. leadership of =42=: 308 sq. legendary associations of =42=: 53. legendary origin of =42=: 50, 53. legendary origin of the name =42=: 54. Lower Creek Red town =42=: 126, 255. Lower Creek towns controlled by =42=: 323. medicine of, buried under fire =42=: 545. medicine taken at =42=: 608. Muskogee element represented by =42=: 40. mythic history of =42=: 55-63. one of four leading towns =42=: 548. origin of position as head war town =42=: 55. originally united with Kasihta =42=: 261. place of general assembly =42=: 311. position of beds at =42=: 199. primacy of =42=: 327, 328. relations of, with Chickasaw =44=: 176. right of, to dispose of the country =42=: 309. selection of chief of =42=: 284 sq. separation of, from Kasihta =42=: 546. town emblem of =42=: 243. union of, with Tukabahchee =42=: 68. war of, with Cherokee =42=: 54.

=Coweta and Tukabahchee=, friendship between =42=: 66, 67.

=Cowie, Isaac=, material collected by =24=: 734.

=Cowlitz Tribe= basketry of =41=: 133, 142, 182, 354, 355, 356, 357. caps worn by =41=: 354. dialect of, like Upper Chehalis =41=: 383. membership of, in Shaker church =14=: 759. mention of =41=: 136. rims of baskets of =41=: 142.

=Cowrie Shells=, use of =44=: 148.

=Cowskin Creek=, treaty of =18=: 744.

=Cowslip.= See =Caltha Palustris=.

=Cox, John T.=, commissioner to appraise neutral lands =5=: 351.

=Cox, P. E.= burials found by =41=: 574. excavations made by =41=: 605. work done by =42=: 3.

=Cox, Ross= on hand game, Chinook =24=: 282. on cremation, Tolkotin =1=: 144.

=Cox, William=, stone graves on old place of =12=: 140.

=Coxe, D.=, on Turtle River =14=: 1029.

=Coxe, William=, quoted on Indian magic powder =9=: 548.

=Coyattee=, treaty of =19=: 63 sq.

=Coyetie= land cessions and reservations =18=: 782.

=Coyote= fetish of the Zuñi =2=: 26. in Pima legend =28=: 44. in Salish myth =14=: 205. myths concerning =11=: 147; =19=: 467, 468. Serian, Piman, and Yuman names for =17=: 342* sq. stories about the =43=: 383-387. the culture hero =45=: 176, 290. the culture hero, basketry taught by =41=: 223. See also =Isauu=.

=Coyote=, among the Pima. disease caused by =26=: 263. in mythology =26=: 209, 210, 213, 214, 216 sqq., 226, 230-237, 240, 248, 249, 386 sq. in religion =26=: 251, 252. in song =26=: 288, 304, 305, 312, 316 sq., 336. in tales =26=: 243-246, 249, 250. See also =White People=.

=Coyote and Chickens=, a Papago game =24=: 794.

=Coyote Clan.= See =Hopinyû=; =Isauû Clan=.

=Coyote Kiva=, direction of the =8=: 116.

=Coyote Men=, duties of the =14=: 985.

=Coyote, Old=, story about =43=: 363 sqq., 377-381.

=Coyote People=, settlement in Tusayan of the =8=: 26.

=Coyote Spring=, location of =21=: 84.

"=Coyote Track=” design in Pima basketry =26=: 137.

=Coyote Woman, Old=, story about =43=: 377-381.

=Coyotero Apache= disposal of land claimed by the =18=: 922. inhumation of the =1=: 111, 112. population of the =7=: 56. Tewa names for the =29=: 547. See also =Apache=.

=Coytmore=, Lieutenant ----, murder of =19=: 42 sq.

=Cozad, Belo=, acknowledgments to =14=: 655.

=Cozcaquauhtli= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 252.

=Cozzens=, ----, work by, cited =28=: 62, 66.

=Cpatimiti=, assistant war chief =47=: 45.

=Cqaquê´.= See =Skagway=.

=Crab= name of Tlingit gaming stick =36=: 444. place of, in Seri dietary =17=: 195*. representation of, Florida pottery =20=: 127. search for =38=: § 220, search for, according to position of Pleiades =38=: § 937. string figure of =38=: § 642. See also =Crabs=.

=Crab Baskets=, character of =30=: 316 sq.

=Crab-dog= =38=: § 717.

=Crab Orchard, Ky.= route to =42=: 793, 796. skirmish at, in 1794 =19=: 74, 78. western terminus of the Wilderness Road =42=: 800.

=Crabapples= and water, price of =35=: 762. brittle =35=: 594. feast of =35=: 762. in oil =35=: 594. mashed, mixed with salal-berry cakes =35=: 594. mashed, steamed =35=: 594. mention of =33=: 86. picking of =35=: 213. preserved in water =35=: 286. wild, medicinal use of =42=: 659.

=Crabs= as weather charms =35=: 620, 625, 628. capture of =30=: 316. dogs named for =30=: 307. Eskimo method of catching =18=: 183. legends concerning =30=: 316 sq., 380. See also =Crab=.

=Cracca Virginiana=, medicinal use of =42=: 658.

=Cradle Board= description of =27=: 327. Isleta =47=: 218. use of, by the Assiniboin =46=: 519 sq. See also =Baby Board=; =Baby Carriers=.

=Cradle Songs= =42=: 362 sq.

=Cradles= deposited in caves =35=: 672, 692 sq. figurine representing =20=: 40, 41. Fox Indian use of =40=: 319. mourning, illustration of =1=: 181. of the Kiowa =17=: 154. of the Kwakiutl =35=: 658-665. of the Mandan =15=: 241. of the Menomini =14=: 258. of the Omaha =13=: 275. of the Seri =17=: 226*, 227*. textile, description of =13=: 18.

=Craft=, Father -- at battle of Wounded Knee =14=: 872. regard of Indians for =14=: 874. wounded at Wounded Knee =14=: 878.

=Crafts=, restrictions on =30=: 292, 302 sqq.

=Crafty=, sign for =1=: 303.

=Craig, J.=, survey by =18=: 727.

=Crall, I. S.=, works on land of, Pennsylvania =12=: 494.

=Cram, T. J.=, on influence of wild rice on geographic nomenclature =19=: 1120.

=Cramped Hand= cited on beliefs =11=: 366. exhibition of shamanism by =11=: 417.

=Cramps=, how treated by the Zuñi =30=: 63.

=Cranberry= chemical composition of =19=: 1081. use of =44=: 291, 307, 321.

=Cranberry Bush=, use of =45=: 487.

=Crandall, C. S.=, on introduction of wild rice into Colorado =19=: 1029.

=Crane= figure carried at Makauri dance =38=: § 842, 843. in Tlingit mythology =26=: 434. legends concerning =30=: 135, 335 sq., 338. myths concerning =19=: 290 sq., 325, 445, 455. See also =Cranes=.

=Crane Clan= with the Patuñ clan =19=: 595. See also =Atoko Clan=.

=Crane Dance=, mention of =42=: 523, 534.

=Cranes= circling of, in Eskimo legend =18=: 480. in the Pueblo region =14=: 521. story about =43=: 359 sqq.

=Crania= americana (Morton) =46=: 231. Blackfoot, work done on =44=: 5. Eskimo, paper on =44=: 5. from Chaco Canyon =44=: 10. from Elden Pueblo =44=: 18. found in caves of Cuba =34=: 247 sq. human, from Pueblo ruins, collection of =22, i=: 34, 110, 134. Siksika =44=: 5. See also =Skulls=; =Trephining=.

=Cranial Capacity= of Western Eskimo =46=: 255, 258. of Yukon Eskimo =46=: 163. of Yukon Indians =46=: 152, 153, 154.

=Cranial Index= in children, Eskimo =46=: 298. module, Western Eskimo =46=: 255, 256, 258.

=Crank, James A.=, on Apache Canyon =29=: 480.

=Crantz, David= cited =6=: 412, 586, 590; =46=: 330, 333, 367. on condition of Greenland widows =9=: 414. on Eskimo bows =9=: 199. on Eskimo burial =9=: 426, 427. on Eskimo harpoons =9=: 222, 243. on Eskimo saws =9=: 174. on Eskimo umiaks =9=: 337, 338. on Eskimo fishing =9=: 284. on fire-making by Eskimo =9=: 290. on mode of carrying Eskimo infants =9=: 416. on scratching among Eskimo =9=: 491. on seal catching by Greenlanders =9=: 256. on whale catching by Greenlanders =9=: 275, 276. quoted on Eskimo amulets =9=: 437-440. work of, consulted =9=: 21.

=Crataegus=, use of =44=: 289, 307, 321, 356, 377.

=Crataegus Chrysocarpa= =33=: 87.

=Crataegus Columbiana= =45=: 487, 497.

=Crataegus Douglasii= =45=: 457, 486.

=Craven=, Governor --, defeat of Yamassee by =19=: 33.

=Craveri=, --, on Mexican stone chipping =13=: 139.

=Crawfish= a life symbol =36=: 116. myths and lore concerning =19=: 239, 308, 425.

=Crawfish Gens= =36=: 116.

=Crawford=, -- on East Cherokee desire for removal =19=: 165. on numbers of East Cherokee =19=: 168.

=Crawford County, Wis.=, mounds in =5=: 14, 17, 18, 20

=Crazy Bear=, Chief account of =46=: 401. made head chief =46=: 431. speech of =46=: 597 sqq.

=Crazy Dance= description of =14=: 988. of the Arapaho =14=: 1033. reference to =43=: 193.

=Crazy Horse= a Dakota chief =15=: 190. maker of hoops for hoop and pole, Oglala Dakota =24=: 507.

=Crazy Horses=, a Kiowa military order =17=: 230.

=Crazy Men=, an Arapaho order =14=: 988.

=Crazy Snake=, headquarters of =42=: 251.

=Creasers= for boot soles used by Eskimo =18=: 108.

=Creation= myths =11=: 32, 338, 438, 506, 513, 519. of man, plants and animals =30=: 141-148. signification of, in development of religion =21=: 138. song of =33=: 296, 313, 317, 625, 627, 629, 634. story of =33=: 300, 302.

=Creation Legends= of the Antilleans =25=: 72 sqq. of the Pima =28=: 44, 49, 61.

=Creation Lodge=, meaning of =37=: 481.

=Creation Myths= analysis of =32=: 54. in Pebble Society ritual =27=: 570 sq. mention of =42=: 487 sq. of the Eskimo =18=: 425 sqq., 452-462, 482, 483. of the Osage =27=: 63. of the Zuñi =13=: LIX, 321-447. Pima, abstract =26=: 247 sq. Pima, text =26=: 206-230. Pima, version by young native =26=: 237 sq. rites connected with =27=: 177 sq., 195. reference to =27=: 171 sq. study of =18=: XLIV. teachings of =32=: 62.

=Creation Songs= of the Pima =26=: 272 sq.

=Creative Corporations=, purposes of =20=: LXXIII.

=Creator= Assiniboin conception of =46=: 486. beliefs concerning =45=: 289. See also =God=.

=Credentials=, exchange of =38=: § 815.

=Credit= among the Indians =46=: 459.

=Credit and Trust= =38=: § 820.

=Cree= absence of Ghost dance among the =14=: 817. culture hero of the =40=: 375. exploit marks of the =10=: 440. Flathead name for =45=: 302. games of the =24=: dice games 68 sq. double ball 648, 652 sq. European games 791. hand game 270, 273, 316. hidden ball 342. racket 573. ring and pin 528, 535 sq. snow-snake 403 sq. stick games 230. tops 734. jugglery among the =14=: 141 sqq. name of, in sign language =45=: 147. name of the Cheyenne =14=: 1023. northern relatives of the =11=: 267. notice of death given by the =10=: 518. population of the =7=: 49. relations of, with the Saulteaux =19=: 1040. Tenskwatawa religion among the =14=: 679. tribal sign for the =1=: 466.

=Cree Language= cluster st in =28=: 234. conjunctive mode in =28=: 272. consonantic clusters in =28=: 231, 283. description of =28=: 238-247. examples from Horden =28=: 248. examples in comparison with =28=: Abnaki 279, 283, 284. Algonkin 250, 251, 252, 260, 261, 262, 265, 267, 272. Cheyenne 233, 286. Delaware 250, 251, 256, 259, 260 sq., 265, 267, 269, 273, 274, 275, 278, 279, 284, 286. Eastern Algonquian 257, 269. Fox 235, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 256, 258, 259, 260 sq., 265, 267, 269, 273, 274, 275, 278, 279, 284, 286. Kickapoo 248, 259, 267. Malecite 274, 279, 284. Menomini 249, 250, 251, 252, 259, 261, 262, 267, 271, 273, 279, 283, 284, 288. Micmac 256, 272, 284, 288. Minsi 274. Montagnais 247, 248, 259, 261, 267, 272, 278, 279, 286. Natick 250, 251, 265, 273, 274, 275, 279, 281, 284, 286. Ojibwa 249, 250, 251, 252, 256, 257, 258, 261, 262, 263, 265, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272, 274, 275, 278, 279, 283, 284, 286. Ottawa 248, 250, 251, 261, 262, 267. Passamaquoddy 267, 283, 284, 286. Penobscot 267, 269, 283, 284. Peoria 250, 251, 252, 256, 261, 262, 265, 267, 269, 272, 274, 275, 278, 279, 283, 284, 288. Potawatomi 262. Sauk 248, 259, 267, 271, 288. Scaticook 279. Shawnee 251, 252, 256, 257, 258, 261, 262, 265, 267, 268, 269, 271, 272, 274, 278, 279, 283, 284, 286. Stockbridge 284, 290. independent mode in =28=: 247, 248, 258, 268. indicative mode in =28=: 273. relationship of =28=: 232. subjunctive mode in =28=: 247, 248, 260, 265, 269, 271. See also =Cree-Montagnais=; =East Main Cree=; =Fort Totten Cree=; =Moose Cree=; =Rupert’s House Cree=.

=Cree-Montagnais= Language examples in comparison with =28=: Algonkin 259. Delaware 273, 277, 280. Eastern Algonquian 286, 287, 288. Kickapoo 259. Menomini 259, 273, 277, 278. Micmac 273. Natick 259, 280. Ojibwa 259, 260, 273, 277, 280, 287. Ottawa 259. Passamaquoddy 277. Peoria 259. Potawatomi 259. Sauk 259. Shawnee 259, 287. independent mode in =28=: 259. relationships of =28=: 244, 250, 252, 288, 289, 290a. suppositive mode in =28=: 273. See also =Cree=; =Montagnais=.

=Creek-American War of 1813=, towns refusing aid in =42=: 323.

=Creek and Cherokee Boundary=, disputes =5=: 266.

=Creek and Seminole= “Hallelujah” of the =1=: 195. inhumation of the =1=: 95, 96.

=Creek, Choctaw and Cherokee=, box burial of the =1=: 155.

=Creek Confederacy= bulletin on history of =42=: 31. divisions of =42=: 315. effect of, on bulk of people =42=: 321. effect on, of Civil War =42=: 330, 331. evolution of =42=: 259-275. general council of =42=: 310-320. increase in power of =42=: 323 sq. protection given by, to component tribes =42=: 46. time of foundation of =42=: 310.

=Creek Confederation=, paper on =44=: 173.

=Creek Culture=, intrusive character of =42=: 718, 726.

=Creek Culture Area=, features of =42=: 715 sq.

=Creek Indians= alliance of, with Apalachicola =42=: 39. bulletin on =41=: 7, 31. ceremonial ground of =42=: 687. condition of, in 1845 =42=: 332 sq. connection of, with Florida pottery =20=: 115. connection of, with Gulf Coatpottery =20=: 105. connection of, with South Appalachian pottery =20=: 131 sq., 139, 142, 143. customs of =42=: 702, 703, 707. customs of, in general =42=: 358-470. customs of, summary of =42=: 713-717. divisions of =42=: 68. dwellings of =42=: 687, 688. extreme cruelty of =42=: 418. facial painting among =42=: 686. feather cloaks worn by =42=: 682. land cessions and reservations =18=: 560 sq., 633-636, 639, 658, 660 sqq., 670, 678, 688, 702, 708, 714, 720, 734, 746 sqq., 778, 816, 840, 862, 918, 930. leggings worn by =42=: 682. location of =42=: 51. marriage customs of, affected by clans =42=: 166 sq. meeting of, with the whites =42=: 75 sqq. memoir on, by Dr. J. R. Swanton =36=: 13. occupation of South Appalachian province by =20=: 130. origin of the name =42=: 48. papers on =40=: 17; =42=: 17. power of Shawano prophet among =14=: 676. predecessors of =42=: 51. preparation of paper on =42=: 6 sq. property, customs concerning =42=: 334-338. proportion of warriors to population =14=: 33. prostitution among =42=: 697. puberty customs of =42=: 698. publications on the subject of =45=: 1 sq. rank of tribes of =42=: 50. social divisions among =42=: 695. Tecumtha among =14=: 687. town arrangement of =41=: 501. town square of =41=: 511-514. Upper and Lower, traditional meeting of =42=: 68. war, customs concerning =42=: 405-443. war of =14=: 677. war of, with the Chickasaw =42=: 51. war of, with the Seminole =42=: 51. widows, customs concerning =42=: 334-337. writers on =42=: 679. See also =Creeks=.

=Creek Language=, study of =13=: XL.

=Creek Path= Cherokee attack on settlement on =19=: 383 sq. withdrawal of Creeks to neighborhood of =19=: 383.

=Creek War= beginning of =19=: 87 sqq. Cherokee loss by =19=: 97, 98. Cherokee part in =19=: 89, 97, 164. Cherokee remembrance of =19=: 232. pensions to Cherokee veterans of =19=: 123.

=Creeks= among the Cherokee =19=: 142 sq. amounts of wild rice harvested by =19=: 1076. attitude of, during Civil War =19=: 148, 149. attitude of, during the Revolution =19=: 55, 59 sq., 62-66, 70, 72, 73, 74, 77. attitude of, in 1794, 1795 =19=: 78, 80. blood of, among the Cherokee =19=: 234. boundary between Cherokee and =19=: 62. cane-splint fire among =19=: 429-439. Cherokee relations with =19=: 14, 15, 22, 33, 38, 62, 89, 142, 372, 382-385. chiefs of =19=: 209 sq., 216 sq. Choctaw relations with =19=: 390. conjuring by =19=: 502. friendly, part taken by, in Creek War =19=: 90-95. genesis legend of =19=: 229. hoop and pole game of the =24=: 422, 487. in Texas, union of, with Cherokee =19=: 143. massacre at Fort Mims by =19=: 216. myths of =19=: 430 sqq., 434, 436, 447, 450, 452-455, 463, 467, 473, 476. mythology of the =24=: 606. Natchez among =19=: 386. paper on, by J. R. Swanton =47=: 2. peace town of =19=: 207 sq. peace treaties with, in 1796 =19=: 67 sq., 81. population and habitat of the =7=: 95. probable origin of Cherokee myths among =19=: 235. removal of, to the west =19=: 141. sacred medicine of =17=: 242. sacred square of =19=: 502. sketch of =19=: 498. songs of =19=: 504. standard of life of =19=: 1079. Taskigi among =19=: 388 sq. treaty signed by, in 1835 =17=: 169 sq. treaty with Virginia and North Carolina by =19=: 63. See also =Creek Indians=; =Muskogee=.

=Creeks and Rivers=, named from wild rice =19=: 1118-1124

=Creel= cage basket for fish =38=: § 204-206. manufacture and patterns of =38=: § 421. string figures of =38=: § 673, 674, 677.

=Creepers=, ice, used by the Eskimo =18=: 215 sq.

=Cremation= among Bonaks =1=: 144. among Cocopa and Yuma =41=: 61, 88. among Eskimo =9=: 426. among Indians of Clear Lake =1=: 147. among Indians of southern Utah =1=: 149. among Maricopa =26=: 45, 202. among mound builders =12=: 609, 675, 676. among Nishinams =1=: 144. among Pima =26=: 46, 52, 53, 194, 202. among Pueblo Indians =14=: 518. among Pueblo Viejo inhabitants =19=: XV. among Se-nél =1=: 147, 148. among Tlingit =26=: 430. among Tolkotins =1=: 144, 146. among Yuman and Piman tribes =13=: 366. antiquity of =1=: 143. formerly practiced by the Zuñi =13=: 336. furnace =1=: 149. in Pima mythology =26=: 229. mound, Florida =1=: 148, 149. not practiced at Sikyatki =17=: 649. object of =30=: 160. partial =1=: 150, 151. practiced by Pueblo Indians of Pueblo Viejo =22, i=: 175 sq. practiced by the Shawano =14=: 674. prevalence of =26=: 25 sq. prevalence of, in olden times =31=: 564. See also =Mortuary Customs=.

=Cremony=, Col. =John C.= on Apache chungke stone =13=: 99. on hoop and pole, Mescalero Apache =24=: 449 sq. on lawlessness in Tucson =26=: 58. on running races, Mescalero Apache =24=: 803 sq. on Yuma-Pima battle =26=: 47.

=Creoles=, raquette formerly played by =24=: 605.

=Creosote Bush= gum from =26=: 106, 131, 172. in Pima mythology =26=: 206, 207, 247. Pima medicinal plant =26=: 79.

=Crépy=, ---- on Patoqua =29=: 398. on San Cristóbal =29=: 486. on San Juan =29=: 213. on San Marcos =29=: 551. on Santa Clara =29=: 242.

=Crescent, Mo.=, flint-capped area near =44=: 533 sq.

=Crescent= appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 75, 78, 80, 82, 98, 99. -shaped figures, on articles from ruined pueblos, forms and variations =22, i=: 89 sq. -shaped vessel, Middle Mississippi group =20=: 94.

=Crescentic Implements.= See =Knives=.

=Cresollius= procedure of gestures =1=: 282. value of gestures =1=: 280.

=Crespi=, Father =Juan= Burton Mound village described by =42=: 8. extract from diary of =44=: 36-41.

=Cresson, H. T.= remains of fish-weirs found by =13=: 15. review of work of =16=: XXVI. work of =15=: LXXVIII.

=Crest Box= =35=: 1354.

=Crests= distribution of =31=: 521. of the Tsimshian =31=: 503-506.

=Crests, Tlingit= connection with phratry relationship =26=: 423. descriptive list of =26=: 415-420. in potlatch dances =26=: 435 sq. source of names of =26=: 421, 422. transposition of phratries shown by =26=: 423. used to restore order =26=: 449. See also names of several crests.

=Crévaux, J.= cited =30=: 118, 140, 149, 155, 157, 160, 163, 237, 242, 243, 254, 267, 274, 278, 290, 294, 297, 298, 301, 304, 308, 309, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315, 322, 328, 332, 339, 340, 346, 347, 350, 352, 353, 363, 366, 381. on medicine-men =30=: 340.

=Crickets= in Iroquoian cosmology =21=: 311. myths and lore concerning =19=: 269, 309, 401, 504. story about =43=: 383-387.

=Criley, John=, petroglyphs reported by =10=: 77.

=Crime= among the Menomini =14=: 34. among the Zuñi =47=: 479. atonement for, at busk =42=: 595 sq. beliefs concerning =46=: 479-483. Eskimos =46=: 94. how avenged by the Assiniboin =15=: 224, 225. in savagery =15=: CXIV. Indian conception of =46=: 483. property settlement for =47=: 479. punishment for =46=: 448, 452, 455; =47=: 252. punishment of, among the Hidatsa =15=: 242, 243. punishment of, among the Iowa =15=: 239. Wyandot laws for =1=: 66, 67. See also =Morals=; =Retaliation=.

=Crime and Punishment= among the Chickasaw =44=: 216-220. mention of =42=: 338-358.

=Crimped Coil= on pottery =4=: 279, 280, 282.

=Crippled Child=, destruction of =38=: § 729.

=Cripples=, beliefs regarding =35=: 696.

=Crispellae= =9=: 541.

=Criss=, Mrs. ----, flint quarries on land of, Ohio =12=: 457.

"=Croatan=” =Indians= mixture of Indian, negro and white blood =33=: 17. name repudiated by Indians =33=: 17.

=Crochet Work= =38=: § 49, 50.

=Crockett=, Major ----, expedition of, against the Indians =42=: 771.

=Crockett, David= denounces policy toward Cherokee =5=: 288. opposition to removal project by =19=: 129.

=Crocodile-like Mythical Animal=, of the Eskimo =18=: 444 sq.

=Croffut=, Mrs. =W. A.=, acknowledgment to =42=: 33.

=Croghan, George= on early Dakota habitat =15=: 190. Osage mentioned by =15=: 192.

=Cronau=, Doctor ---- archeological objects figured by =25=: 64, 136, 213. diary of Columbus republished by =25=: 203. on Haitian mask =25=: 210.

=Crook=, Gen. =George= designation for =4=: 146. on Indian arrow chipping =13=: 140. on rapidity of arrow chipping =13=: 142. Ponka commissioner =15=: 192. Sioux commissioner =14=: 839. Sioux regard for =14=: 826.

=Crook, W. J.=, mound on farm of, Arkansas =12=: 228.

=Crook=, appearance of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 60, 68, 72, 86.

=Crooked Island=, number of specimens from =34=: 50.

=Crooked Mountain= in Pima mythology =26=: 211, 212. in Pima song =26=: 297, 322, 337.

=Crooks= at Walpi Snake dance =19=: 982 sq. in possession of Bear Clan =37=: 202, 203. in Tusayan ritual =17=: 703. on Sikyatki pottery =17=: 703 sq., 714, 724.

=Crops= thanksgiving for =23=: 205-217. See also =Harvest=.

=Cross= figure allied to Sun symbol =17=: 623. ideographic =4=: 345. in pictography =4=: 252. on Sikyatki pottery =17=: 702. pictographs, symbols and signification of the =10=: 724-735. place of the, in Indian symbolism =9=: 479 sq. raised by Coronado in Quivira =14=: 591. sign of, among Pueblo Indians =14=: 518. sign of, in Shaker religion =14=: 748, 761. symbol in the codices =16=: 232, 259. symbolism of the =14=: 1011. use of, in Indian ceremonials =7=: 155. veneration for, among Indians =14=: 544, 548, 555. See also =Crosses=; =Crucifix=.

=Cross-bars= used in fastening wooden doors =8=: 183.

=Cross Cords=, used on kaiaks =18=: 228.

=Cross-cousin Marriage= =40=: 376, 377.

=Cross Design= associated with others =2=: 270. combined with spider design =2=: 288. engraved on shell gorgets =2=: 268. evolution or derivation of the =2=: 270. examples of the, combined with birds =2=: 282, 283. examples of the, from mounds =2=: 271, 273. in Aztec paintings =2=: 285. in Navaho silver ornamentation =2=: 178. introduction of the Christian =2=: 269. occurrence of the, in ancient Mexican art =2=: 270. occurrence of the, in Yucatan =2=: 270. origin of the, among mound builders =2=: 269. prehistoric use of the, in America =2=: 268, 270. symbolic character of the =2=: 269.

=Cross, Equal-armed.= See =Equal-armed Cross=.

=Cross, Foliated= at Palenque (Central America), value of face numerals on =22=, =i=: 219. initial series of, inscriptions of =19=: 800. Tablet of the =19=: 733-761, 765-771.

=Cross Man=, Tlingit spirit =26=: 467.

=Cross Village Chippewa=, reservation for =18=: 810.

=Crosse.= See =Lacrosse=.

=Crossed Quadrilateral Pattern= basketry pattern =38=: § 429. weaving =38=: § 111.

=Crossed-stick Game= of the Navaho =24=: 92 sq.

=Crosses= appearance of, as decorations of Teakwaina yuadta =21=: 63. decorative use of, in pictures of Hopi katcinas =21=: 65, 67, 111. interpretation of =41=: 316 sq. symbolism of =20=: 100. use of, in decoration, eastern United States pottery =20=: 67. use of, in decoration, Gulf Coast stamped ware =20=: 108, 109. use of, in decoration, Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 86. use of, in decoration, Northwestern pottery =20=: 192. use of, in decoration, South Appalachian stamped ware =20=: 134, 136 sq., 140. See also =Cross=; =Crucifix=.

=Crossjacket Village= =46=: 126.

=Crosspieces of ladders= =8=: 159.

=Crosswell, C.=, description of shell gorgets by =2=: 286.

=Crotches= of harpoon in Eskimo umiak =9=: 341 sqq.

=Croton=, use of, in medicine =30=: 45.

=Croton Texensis= =33=: 99.

=Croup=, remedy for =42=: 656.

=Crouse, C. W.=, agent for Pima =26=: 34.

=Crow= derivation of taíme from =17=: 240. games of the =24=: archery 383, 391, 529. buzz 756. dice games 177 sq. hand-and-foot ball 705, 707. hand games 317. hoop and pole 428 sq., 502. running races 807 sq. shinny 615, 637. snow-snake 415. tops 745. habitat of the =7=: 114, 116. Kiowa acquirement of language of =17=: 156. Kiowa alliance with =17=: 153, 155. Kiowa medicine lance obtained from =17=: 325. Kiowa trade with =17=: 271. land cessions and reservations =18=: 786, 848, 862, 864, 870, 874, 876, 880, 882, 884, 898, 900, 902, 904, 906, 908, 924 sqq., 942. mention of =4=: 103, 104, 105, 107, 114, 115, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 127, 130, 132, 134, 135, 136, 138, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 146. population of =7=: 118. separation from Hidatsa of =17=: 154, 155. smallpox among =17=: 275. treaty council with =17=: 183. tribal offshoots from =17=: 158. wars and friendships of =17=: 166. See also =Crow Indians=.

"=Crow, The=” description of =27=: 441-446. references to =27=: 279, 282.

=Crow Bonnet.= See =Gaá-Bohón=.

=Crow Creek=, control of Indians at =14=: 849.

=Crow Creek Reserve= changes in =18=: 878, 896, 918, 934. establishment of =18=: 828.

=Crow Dance= description of =14=: 921; =42=: 533 sq.; =46=: 564. organization of =14=: 901.

=Crow Dog= flight of, to Bad Lands =14=: 884. Ghost dance led by =14=: 847. removal of, advice of =14=: 844. surrender of =14=: 868.

=Crow Feathers= appearance of, in Hopi katcinas =21=: 69. importance of =42=: 436. Indians defrauded with =14=: 999. sacred regard for =14=: 1034. use of, as war feathers =42=: 496. See also =Crows=.

=Crow Foot=, killed in Sitting Bull fight =14=: 858 sq.

=Crow Indians= absence of Ghost dance among the =14=: 816. account of medicine-men of the =14=: 706. account of the =15=: 198. amputation practiced by the =46=: 427. an Hidatsa division =15=: 164. arrows of the =14=: 279. beliefs of the =11=: 436, 505, 518. Black Hill formerly occupied by the =15=: 190. changes in life of the =45=: 346. collections from the =13=: XXXI. crime among the =46=: 454. distinctive mark of the =4=: 231. dress of the =46=: 587, 588. Flathead name for the =45=: 302. hostility of the =14=: 707. lodge burial of the =1=: 153. mode of painting among the =4=: 54. mourning among the =1=: 183, 184. name of, in sign language =45=: 148. name of the Arapaho by the =14=: 953, 1013. population of the =15=: 195. scouts in Nez Percé war =14=: 714. scouts in Sioux outbreak =14=: 850, 881. Shoshoni country taken by =45=: 318. Sioux early warfare =14=: 1059. symbolic representation of the =14=: 789. treatment by the, of captives =14=: 551, 552. tribal designation of the =10=: 380. visit of, to Washington =34=: 28. wars of, with Coeur d’Alêne =45=: 126 sqq. western movement of =45=: 316, 318. See also =Absaroka=; =Crow=.

=Crow-Neck.= See =Gaá-k`ódălte=.

=Crow Songs= =39=: 127 sqq., 182-185, 316; =45=: 621 sqq.

=Crow Town=, building of =19=: 54.

=Crow Woman=, name applied to Mo´ki =14=: 1038.

=Crownbeard=, use of, in medicine =30=: 63.

=Crown Feather= =38=: § 519-526.

=Crowns, Feather= bestowed on warriors =42=: 420. description of =42=: 420. mention of =42=: 435.

=Crows= appeal to, for aid =39=: 295. as helper of men, Omaha, Ponca =27=: 445 sq. badge =39=: 127. buffalo hunters guided by =39=: 183. carvings of =2=: 136. Cherokee name for =19=: 282. connection of, with warfare =27=: 441, 442. in Cherokee myth =19=: 283, 314 sq. in Menomini myth =14=: 195, 233. in Omaha mythology =27=: 175. in Pima flood legend =28=: 52. in Pueblo region =14=: 521. mystic power of =39=: 296. name of Tlingit gaming stick =26=: 444. Navaho myth concerning =8=: 281. Omaha name for =27=: 103. personification of =14=: 1001, 1035, 1038, 1068. Ponca name for =27=: 103. prominent in tribal rites =39=: 182. reference to =27=: 204. reference to, in Ghost religion =14=: 978, 984, 994, 997, 1031. representation of, in Iroquoian pipes =20=: 174. sacred regard for the =14=: 919, 982, 1072. story about =43=: 375 sqq. symbolism of the =14=: 823, 1072. why black, myth of =31=: 67 sq. See also =Crow Feathers=.

=Crucibles= of Navaho silversmiths =2=: 173.

=Crucifix= used in Shaker ceremonies =14=: 755. See also =Cross=; =Crosses=.

=Crucifixion Thorn= =26=: 134, 157.

=Cruel Dancers= =35=: 1158 sq.

=Cruz, Bahia de la=, explored by Narvaez =14=: 346.

=Cruzati, Don Domingo Jironza Petriz de= reference to =28=: 54. visit to Awatubi of =8=: 49.

=Cryder, Frank=, mound on land of, Ohio =12=: 471.

=Cryptocarya pretiosa=, for fever and dysentery =38=: § 927.

=Cryptochiton= baked =35=: 508. preparation of =35=: 506.

=Crystal gazing= =47=: 110, 285, 340.

=Crystal River=, archeological sites at =48=: 3.

=Crystals= extracted from sick man =30=: 379. quartz, use of =44=: 92 sq. used as charms =30=: 290 sq., 332. See also =Stones=, Green.

=Cuabajai=, reference to =28=: 217.

=Cuame Indians=, reference to =29=: 518.

=Cuanrabi=, mentioned by Oñate =17=: 599.

=Cuatro=, game of, Tarahumare =24=: 724 sq.

=Cuba= archeological collections from =25=: 18. archeological reconnaissances in =25=: XIV sq., XXVI. archeological remains of =34=: 240-256. field work in =21=: IX, X. geological change in =25=: 219. irrigation in =25=: 51. juegos de bola =25=: 79. natives of, described by early writers =34=: 243 sq. number of specimens from =34=: 49. prehistoric culture of =34=: 242 sqq. stages of culture in =34=: 240, 242, 247, 253 sq., 255. visit of Dr. J. W. Fewkes in =25=: 17. western, destitute of pottery =34=: 60. writers on archeology of =34=: 241, 245.

=Cubans= aboriginal art of =25=: 142. cave dwellers =25=: 41. description of cacique =25=: 35. fishing of =25=: 49. houses of =25=: 46, 47. language of =25=: 77, 78. physical characteristics of =25=: 28-31. pictography of =25=: 148. primitive culture of =25=: 178 sq. relationship of, with Borinqueños =25=: 26. skeletal remains of =25=: 29, 30. slavery among =25=: 25. use of tobacco among =25=: 64.

=Cubarro= plum, eaten =38=: § 247. plum, for flutes =38=: § 559.

=Cubas, Antonio G.=, on Cochiti =29=: 439.

=Cubero, Pedro Rodriguez=, mention of =47=: 28.

=Cuch=, meaning of =16=: 247.

=Cuchan= population of the =7=: 138. reference to the =28=: 217.

=Cuchpach=, meaning of =16=: 250, 261.

=Cuchuans= musical instruments of =26=: 167. See also =Yuma=.

=Cuculcan= (or =Cuculkan=). See =Quetzalcoatl=.

=Cucumbers= Menomini fondness for =14=: 73. wild, mention of =33=: 129.

=Cucumis Melo Linn.=, Pima food plant =26=: 77.

=Cucumis sp.= =45=: 492.

=Cucurbita Ficifolia= =33=: 119.

=Cucurbita Foetidissima= a life symbol =36=: 135. a Pima food plant =26=: 70, 91.

=Cucurbita Lagenaria= =33=: 117.

=Cucurbita Maxima=, use of =44=: 289, 307.

=Cucurbita Moschata Duchesne=, Pima food plant =26=: 71.

=Cucurbita Perennis= a life symbol =36=: 136. medicinal use of =27=: 585. root of, called the Man Medicine =36=: 70.

=Cucurbitaceae= mention of =33=: 116. probable place of origin of =33=: 59.

=Cudgel= for fish =38=: § 190.

=Cuernavaca, Mexico=, remains at =26=: XIV.

=Cuervo, José Tienda de=, campaign against Seri by =17=: 75.

=Cuervo y Valdés, Francisco=, on Galisteo =29=: 482.

=Cueva de los Golondrinos=, pottery found in =34=: 172, 261 sq.

=Cueva Pintada=, petroglyph at =10=: 98.

=Cuetzpallin= day symbol, discussion of =16=: 226. meaning of =16=: 227.

=Cuimnapum=, a Chămnä’pûm synonym =14=: 739.

=Cuirana=, description of =15=: 268.

=Cuirasses=, uses of =45=: 256, 359.

=Cuitoa=, a Pima-Papago village =26=: 21.

=Cuitz.= See =Kutz=.

=Cukuw=, mention of =44=: 35.

=Culbertson Brothers=, outlaws, account of =14=: 889.

=Culebra=, island of =25=: 26, 30.

=Culee= land cessions and reservations =18=: 786.

=Culiacan=, San Miguel de= arrival of Cabeza de Vaca at =14=: 474. Coronado entertained at =14=: 384. Coronado’s departure from =14=: 552. Coronado’s return to =14=: 538. description of =14=: 513. foundation of, by Guzman =14=: 473. mention of =14=: 547.

=Culin=, Dr. =Stewart= acknowledgments to =20=: 104; =29=: 14. contributor to Bureau =48=: 1189. material collected by =24=: 53, 85, 92, 121, 122, 146, 158, 159, 162, 167, 169, 171, 172, 173, 184, 190, 198, 212, 222, 223, 224, 225, 230, 234, 239, 247, 264, 265, 266, 270, 306, 308, 311, 314, 315, 322, 361, 373, 382, 398, 408, 418, 419, 425, 441, 477, 478, 493, 500, 508, 510, 518, 522, 526, 530, 536, 553, 558, 561, 572, 604, 618, 623, 633, 635, 636, 641, 642, 644, 646, 647, 652, 654, 656, 662, 664, 668, 669, 679, 680, 704, 705, 711, 713, 714, 718, 720, 722, 727, 729, 731, 732, 733, 743, 744, 746, 749, 750, 757, 760, 761, 763, 771, 774, 777, 787, 795, 797, 800, 801. monograph on Indian games by =23=: XXV. obituary of =48=: 1221. on game of ghing-skoot =26=: 175, 176. on kicked stick game =29=: 530. reference to monograph by, on American Indian games =24=: XXI, XXXIX sq. study of games by =15=: XXX, XXXIV, XXXVIII, XLI, XLIV, XLVIII, LIII, LXI, LXXXVI. work of =25=: XX; =26=: XXIV; =27=: 9. work on Handbook of the Indians by =24=: XXVI.

=Culinary Pottery.= See =Domestic Pottery=; =Pottery=.

=Culleoka, Tenn.=, derivation of the name =42=: 851.

=Culpeper County=, steatite quarries in =15=: 132.

=Cult= definition of =11=: 361. societies among the Sia =11=: 69. See also =Cults=.

=Cult Groups= definition of =47=: 879. table showing activities of =47=: 880-885.

=Cult of the Halves= =19=: 843-847.

=Cult of the Quarters =19=: 845 sq., 948 sqq.

=Cult Societies= of the Menomini =14=: 66. pictographic devices of =10=: 528 sqq.

=Cultivation= of ground regulated by the Hañga gens =3=: 302.

=Cults= a study of Siouan =11=: 361. a study of Siouan, discussion of =11=: XLIII. esoteric, of the Zuñi =47=: 511. See also =Cult=.

=Cultural= connections, Yukon Indians and Eskimo =46=: 83. subdivisions, study of =42=: 717, 724. transmissions from Asia =46=: 175.

=Culture= Acoma, discussion of =47=: 140 sq. four stages of =20=: XCI. largely dependent on environment =25=: 21. mention of =46=: 64, 82, 83. of Pueblo tribes, degree of =8=: 227. processes of =19=: XXI-XXV. psychic stage of =23=: XXII. Pueblo, disintegration of =47=: 56. represented in pottery =4=: 436. stages of, in aboriginal society =21=: XXI. value of pottery in study of =20=: 18, 19, 20. Western Eskimo =46=: 363.

=Culture Areas=, discussion of =42=: 713-717.

=Culture Centers= ancient, in the Southwest =28=: 157. of the West Indies =34=: 56, 268.

=Culture Features= of southern New England tribes =43=: 221 sqq.

=Culture Groups= lack of correlation of stamped ware with =20=: 122. represented by eastern United States pottery =20=: 20 sqq. represented by Ohio Valley pottery =20=: 182 sqq.

=Culture Hero= basketry taught by =41=: 223. brother of =40=: 376. myths concerning =43=: 180-189. of the Coeur d’Alêne =45=: 176. of the Tewa =29=: 164, 165 sq., 169. of the Wawenock =43=: 177. references to =40=: 37, 57, 364, 365, 366, 391. relation of, to mortals =40=: 57, 375, 473. See also =Wī`sa`kä´ᴬ`=.

=Culture Stages= indicated by Atlantic Coast pottery =20=: 33. indicated by Florida pottery =20=: 117, 122. indicated by Lower Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 102 sq. indicated by Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 82 sq. indicated by Northwestern pottery =20=: 195. indicated by Ohio Valley pottery =20=: 186. of northern and southern potters =20=: 143. of pottery making =20=: 24. value of decorating motives in determining =20=: 122. value of pottery in determining =20=: 22.

=Culture Status= of the Indians =15=: 166.

=Culuacan.= See =Culiacan=.

=Culver Root= Cherokee lore concerning =19=: 426. use of =44=: 290. See also =Leptandra Virginica=.

=Cuma Tree=, “milk” for glazing pottery =38=: § 93.

=Cumanche=, synonym of Comanche =14=: 1043.

=Cumanagoto Indians=, religious beliefs of =30=: 118, 139.

=Cumarawa=, dart poison =38=: § 120.

=Cumberland and Great Lakes Trail= =42=: 802 sqq.

=Cumberland and Ohio Falls Trail= =42=: 804.

=Cumberland Gap= named by Dr. Thomas Walker =42=: 761. route from, to Crab Orchard =42=: 796. route to, from Moccasin Gap =42=: 793. trail through =42=: 750-779. trail to =42=: 770, 845.

=Cumberland River= ancient fortified town on =42=: 836. discovery of =42=: 781. mention of =42=: 44. named by Dr. Thomas Walker =42=: 761, 781. remains of fortress on =41=: 496. trails meeting at =42=: 798.

=Cumberland Settlements=, raid on =19=: 62-65.

=Cumberland Sound=, description of settlements of =6=: 428-440.

=Cumberland Trace= remains of =42=: 834. route followed by =42=: 833 sq.

=Cumberland Valley= a populous Indian section =42=: 806. abundance of pottery in =20=: 23. pottery of =20=: 81, 101, 138. quality of pottery of =20=: 102. trail down =42=: 834.

=Cumhu= symbol in the codices =16=: 228.

=Cumming=, Sir =Alexander.= mission of, to Cherokee =19=: 35. treaty concluded by =18=: 629. treaty with Cherokee =5=: 144, 145.

=Cummings, David=, information obtained from =42=: 217, 524, 531, 550.

=Cummings, Pierce=, killed at Wounded Knee =14=: 872.

=Cuna (Panama)=, method of forming numbers =19=: 917.

=Cuna=, fish poison =38=: § 209.

=Cunama Oil 38=: § 25.

=Cunas=, name for Tule Indians =42=: 10.

=Cunningham, Charles W.=, petroglyphs reported by =10=: 356 sq.

=Cunningham, K. M.=, bowls in collection of =20=: 112 sq.

=Cunningham, S. P.=, aboriginal remains on farm of =44=: 527.

=Cunningham Estate=, specimens from =34=: 164.

=Cunningham’s Island, Lake Erie=, petroglyphs on =10=: 678.

=Cunnington, ----=, aid rendered by =17=: 13.

=Cuñopavi=, Snake ceremony at =16=: 273, 287 sqq.

=Cuoq, Père J. A.= definitions by, in racket, Mohawk =24=: 592 sq. definitions by, in racket, Nipissing =24=: 570. interprets the name Hiawatha =2=: 54. on dice game, Nipissing =24=: 81. on hidden ball, Nipissing =24=: 344. on ring and pin, Nipissing =24=: 540. reference to work of =40=: 28.

=Cup and Ball Game= among the Central Eskimo =24=: 546, 547, 548. among the Northern Indians =11=: 255, 323. among the Winnebago =37=: 122. comparison of, with ring and pin =24=: 527.

=Cup Plant= mention of =33=: 132. use of =44=: 293. See also =Silphium Perfoliatum=.

=Cup Sculptures= classification of =10=: 189-192. mention of =10=: 189-200.

=Cup-shaped Baskets= coils of =41=: 164. terms for =41=: 397. use of =41=: 201, 202.

=Cupana= a Guiana Indian drink =38=: § 267. for fever and dysentery =38=: § 927.

=Cupped Stones=, description of =13=: 91.

=Cups= Apalachee-Ohio pottery =20=: 182. collection of Indian =3=: 545. Florida Peninsula pottery =20=: 118, 127. from Kintiel, description and figure of =22=, =i=: 133. from Sikyatki, description of =17=: 654. from ruined pueblos on Little Colorado River =22=, =i=: cuts showing 64, 65, 66, 96. forms of 65 sq. Gulf Coast pottery =20=: 105, 107. Iroquoian pottery =20=: 161. Kaolin, from Chaves Pass ruin, cut showing =22=, =i=: 96. made of ironstone concretions =44=: 93 sq. mention of =4=: 349. Middle Mississippi Valley pottery =20=: 87 sqq., 94. Northwestern pottery =20=: 196. of clay, from Walpi =2=: 382. of the Eskimo =9=: 101. of the Seri =17=: 185* sq. or cup-shaped clay vessels from Zuñi =2=: 350. pecked in rock =16=: 138. scraper, for dressing skins =9=: 299 sq. South Appalachian pottery =20=: 138. See also =Dippers=; =Mugs=; =Pottery=.

=Curare= a poison =38=: § 121, 122, 716. antidotes for =38=: § 930. article of trade =38=: § 825. nature of =30=: 285. preparation of =30=: 292, 303, 304, 343.

=Cura´tca=, fires lighted by =47=: 94 sqq.

=Curatella Americana= for “puddling” fish =38=: § 207. leaves, use of, as sandpaper =38=: § 21.

=Curbinata Fish=, stones from =30=: 371.

=Cure= for all bodily injuries, Iroquois myth =2=: 73.

=Curia.= See =Fraternity=.

=Curing= by exorcism =47=: 312 sq. by shaman =47=: 791 sq. by tricks, symbolism of =47=: 532. type ceremony of =47=: 339 sq. See also =Curing Ceremonies=; =Curing Societies=; =Medicine=; =Sickness=.

=Curing and Drying= wild rice =19=: 1064 sqq. wild rice, mechanical means employed in =19=: 1066. wild rice, reasons for =19=: 1064.

=Curing ceremonies=, description of =47=: 107-111, 116-122, 531 sq., 533.

=Curing Societies= membership in =47=: 542. See also =Medicine Societies=.

=Curing Spirit= of the Tlingit =26=: 465.

=Curious Mourning Observances= of the ancients =1=: 165, 166.

=Curling= among the Eskimos =11=: 257.

=Curr, E. M.= on Australian counting =19=: 877. on Australian number concepts =19=: 833 sq.

=Currahee Dick=, establishment of mission at instance of =19=: 108.

=Currants= beliefs regarding =35=: 575. cakes of =35=: 275-281, 572. custom concerning =35=: 616. effect of =35=: 576. mashed, with salal-berries =35=: 577. mention of =35=: 601. picking of =35=: 208. raw =35=: 575. red-flowered, use of =45=: 487. used for food =30=: 70.

=Currants, Black= belief concerning =45=: 509. food of bears =45=: 514, 515. use of =45=: 489.

=Currants, Red=, use of =44=: 292, 307, 348, 358.

=Currants, Wild= found by Coronado =14=: 510. use of =44=: 292, 356.

=Currants, Wild Black= =33=: 84.

=Currents= of Seri waters =17=: 45 sqq.

=Currie Brothers=, on present sale of wild rice to whites in Wisconsin =19=: 1105.

=Currin, R. P.=, lease of land to =18=: 753.

=Curry, Benjamin F.=, to appraise Cherokee improvements =5=: 283.

=Cursing=, methods of =30=: 128, 332.

=Curtains for Mosquitoes= =38=: § 933.

=Curtin, Jeremiah= acknowledgments to =7=: 142. Chimarikan researches of =7=: 63. contributor to Bureau =48=: 1189. Costanoan researches of =7=: 70. field notes of, unrevised and unedited =32=: 49. legends and myths, analysis of =32=: 52. linguistic field work of =6=: XXXVII, XXXVIII. material collected by =36=: 30. Moquelumnan researches of =7=: 93. myths and tales, conclusions concerning =32=: 53. myths given by =19=: 359-364, 365-370, 473, 489. obituary of =48=: 1221. on double ball, Wintun =24=: 658. papers by =39=: 24; =40=: 17. records made by =32=: 48. reference to work of =32=: 51. Seneca material collected by =37=: 11, 27. work of =5=: XXXI, XXXVII; =7=: XXX; =9=: XXXVII; =10=: XVI sq., XIX; =11=: XXIX, XXXIII. Yuman researches of =7=: 135.

=Curtin, William E.=, pottery, etc., from Peru presented by =8=: XXVI.

=Curtis=, Doctor ----, shell gorgets collected by =2=: 283.

=Curtis, Edward S.= on Acoma =29=: 544. on Cochiti =29=: 440. on Isleta =29=: 529. on Jemez =29=: 402. on Laguna =29=: 540. on San Felipe =29=: 499. on San Ildefonso =29=: 305. on San Juan =29=: 213. on Sandia =29=: 526. on Santa Clara =29=: 242. on Santo Domingo =29=: 449. on Sia =29=: 519. on Taos =29=: 519.

=Curtis, William E.= on Cochiti =29=: 439. on Jemez =29=: 403. on Picuris =29=: 193. on Pojoaque =29=: 335. on San Ildefonso =29=: 305. on Taos =29=: 183.

=Curtis Act=, effect of =19=: 156.

=Curtis Plantation=, mound on =44=: 407.

=Curtiss, E.=, exploration by =1=: 115, 116.

=Curupari.= See =Jurupari=.

=Curved Forms= =4=: 375.

=Curved-line Ornament= absence of, Northern pottery =20=: 145, 151, 163, 187. See also =Decoration=; =Scroll=.

=Curved Sticks=, use of, by girls in hairdressing =21=: 62.

=Curved Stones= =25=: 93, 258.

=Curvilinear Incisions= in primitive trephining =16=: 55.

=Cusabo=, mention of =42=: 697.

=Cusabo Indians=, grant of land to =18=: 633.

=Cuscuta Paradoxa= =33=: 110.

=Cushatta= mention of =19=: 499. See also =Koasati=.

=Cush-eh-tah Clan=, separation of, from tribe =44=: 175.

=Cushing, Frank Hamilton= account of the life of =21=: XXXV-XXXVIII. acknowledgments to =15=: 18; =17=: 20; =24=: 29. allusion by, to Casa Grande =13=: 297. archeologic researches of =21=: XIII, XVIII. cited on Zuñi customs =11=: 369. cited on Zuñi drinking tubes =9=: 494. cited on Zuñi Indians =9=: 452. cited on Zuñi water vessels =9=: 494. collection made by =21=: XIV. contributor to Bureau =48=: 1189. death of =21=: XXXV. description of the Zuñi by =3=: 106. excavation at Halona by =8=: 88, 193. field work of =21=: X. Halona identified as one of the Seven Cities of Cibola by =8=: 94. head of Hemenway Southwestern Expedition =28=: 119. identifies K’iakima as scene of death of Estevanico =8=: 86. illustrations from, showing Pueblo use of baskets in molding and modeling =20=: 69. implements for games, made by =24=: 222, 719, 721. information furnished by =24=: 169, 799. investigations of, in Zuñi =23=: XLV. Kintiel ruin discovered by =22=, =I=: 124. material furnished by =24=: 799. material identified by =24=: 427, 667. mention of =41=: 101. model of Zuñi altar by =19=: XLVIII. myth recorded by =47=: 547. obituary of =48=: 1221. office work of =6=: XLVI; =20=: XII sq., XIV. on Acus, Totonteac and Marata =14=: 357. on affinity of cliff dwellers and Pueblos =17=: 532. on American Indian games in general =24=: 29, 809. on archery, Kiowa =24=: 388. on arrow shaftment =24=: 228. on cardinal points in Zuñi ceremonies =16=: 257. on ceremonial fire =16=: 190. on ceremonial renewal of kivas =16=: 177. on cliff ruins =16=: 153. on depressed structures in Arizona =13=: 245. on derivation of “Zuñi” =7=: 138. on development of bow =17=: 201*. on dice games, Zuñi =24=: 47, 77, 210-217, 221 sq., 223. on divinatory origin of Indian games =24=: 34 sq. on former occupancy of Kintiel =8=: 92. on Galisko =29=: 481. on hidden ball =24=: 44, 374-381. on Indian burials =14=: 518. on Indian fruit preserves =14=: 487. on influence of environment on art =20=: 159. on irrigation, Salt River Valley =29=: 114 sq. on kicked-stick game =29=: 530. on Laguna =29=: 335. on manufacture of Iroquoian pottery =20=: 161, 163. on markings of kiva hatchway =16=: 180. on meaning of calumet-tomahawk =17=: 168*. on name “Cibola” =26=: 24. on origin of stamp decoration =20=: 123. on ornament of Iroquoian pottery =20=: 163. on Pojoaque =29=: 335. on prehistoric Cubans and Floridians =25=: 216. on primitive surgery =16=: 71. on Pueblo number figures =19=: 840. on quinary system =19=: 850. on ring and pin, Zuñi =24=: 529. on Sandia =29=: 526. on scarred skulls =16=: 65. on southern origin of Zuñi clans =17=: 574. on southwestern sun temples =13=: 305. on stages of technique =17=: 250*. on stones and crystals from Salt River Valley =26=: 111. on Taos =29=: 182. on Zuñi baptism =26=: 187. on Zuñi cardinal points, colors for =19=: 835. on Zuñi color symbolism =15=: 308. on Zuñi creation myths =13=: LIX, 321-447. on Zuñi esoteric societies =15=: 310. on Zuñi fetishes =3=: 591. on Zuñi folklore =26=: 24. on Zuñi games =24=: 126. on Zuñi Kâkâ =15=: 265. on Zuñi marriage customs =17=: 286*. on Zuñi month names =29=: 62. on Zuñi name for Rio Grande =28=: 101. on Zuñi netted shield =24=: 423. on Zuñi numeration =19=: 838. on Zuñi sacrifice of dog =15=: 303. on Zuñi Shalako =15=: 296. on Zuñi tradition concerning stone-close =8=: 192. on Zuñi war-gods =24=: 33, 211. operations of =13=: XXVI, XXIX, XXXVIII. opinion of, concerning distribution of Tâaaiyalana ruins =8=: 89 sq. opinion of, concerning western wall of Halona =8=: 89. pottery collected by, Florida Peninsula =20=: 126, 127 sq. preparation of field catalogue of Zuñi collection by =3=: 517. preparation of memoir by =15=: XLI. publication of memoir of =17=: LVII. quarry group arranged by =15=: 150. references to =28=: 46, 70, 71, 112; =32=: 51. researches by =16=: XX, XXIV, XXVIII, XXXI, XXXVII, XXXIX, XLI, XLIV, XLIX, LII, LVI, LXXV; =28=: 72. ruins visited by =17=: 534. steatite quarry excavated by =15=: 107, 117, 132. studies of, in American Indian symbolism =20=: 100. study of Indian games by =23=: XXV. study of Pueblo pottery as illustrative of Zuñi culture gorwth =4=: 461, 521. study of religious fraternities and cults by =19=: XLVII. vase restored by =20=: 126. work of =2=: XXVI, 311; =3=: XVIII, XIX; =5=: XXV, XXIX, XXXIII, XXXV; =7=: XXXI; =8=: XXIV, XXV; =14=: XXVI, XLIV; =15=: XXII, XXIV, XXVII, XXX, XXXIV, XXXVII, XLVI, XLVIII, LIII, LVI, LXI, LXIV, LXVI, LXVII, LXXXVI, XCI, C; =17=: XLVI sqq., LV; =18=: XXVII, XXX sq., XXXIV sqq., XLIV; =19=: XIX; =24=: XXXIX. work of, in Florida archeology =20=: 115, 126, 127 sq. work of, in Iroquoian archeology =20=: 159. work of, in mound exploration =20=: 16. work of, reference to =11=: XXVII. writings of, publication of, on Zuñi =23=: XLV. Zuñi fetishes =2=: 145. Zuñi sand painting described by =10=: 210 sq.

=Cushman, H. B.=, an American missionary, value of writings of =42=: 680.

=Cushna Tribe= =7=: 99.

=Cusick= on Iroquoian =19=: 189. on Iroquois myths =19=: 229, 444, 469, 501.

=Cuskahimû=, ceremonial day of Hopi festivals =21=: 20.

=Cussetah= (=Cussetaws=; =Cussetuh=). See =Kasihta=.

=Cussetuh Tus-tun-nug-gee=, warrior of the nation =42=: 328.

=Cussitaw King=, Kasinta chief =42=: 322.

=Custala=, ceremonial day of Hopi festivals =21=: 20.

=Custard Apple= =38=: § 247.

=Custer=, Gen. =G. A.= campaign against Cheyenne by =17=: 326. campaigns against Indians by, in 1868 =17=: 145, 187. capture of Set-t’aiñte by =17=: 206.

=Custer Massacre= and Wounded Knee affair compared =14=: 881. reference to =14=: 825, 860, 1059.

=Custer War= Cheyenne in the =14=: 1025. Sioux compensated for losses in =14=: 891.

=Customs in general.= See =Family Organization=; =Facial Decoration=; =Fasting=; =Feasts=; =Menstruation=; =Puberty=; etc.; names of different tribes.

=Cut-stone Utensils=, description of =15=: 105.

=Cut-with-an-Ax=, sign for =1=: 550.

=Cutchegun Rock=, tradition concerning =43=: 259.

=Cutifachiqui= of De Soto’s chroniclers, supposed site of =12=: 317. visit of De Soto to =5=: 135.

=Cutimïti=, the head war chief =47=: 45.

=Cutlass= for fish chopping =38=: § 190.

=Cutsahnim=, a Yä´kĭmâ synonym =14=: 737.

=Cuttako=, a Kiowa Apache synonym =17=: 245.

=Cuttawa=. See =Kitu´hwagĭ=; =Synonymy=.

=Cutting-board= for fish =35=: 225, 249.

=Cutting Fingers= hair =38=: § 516. string figures =38=: § 708 sqq.

=Cutting of Banks= =46=: 136.

=Cutting Tools= =46=: 144.

=Cutz.= See =Kutz=.

=Cuya=, calabash drinking cup =38=: § 384.

=Cuyacan, Andres de=, Indian ally of Coronado =14=: 536.

=Cuyahoga County, Ohio=, rock carving in =4=: 21.

=Cuyamunque=, collection from =2=: 435.

=Cuzco= the center of Inca dominion =13=: 325. trephined crania from =16=: 14, 15.

=Cycle, Great.= See =Great Cycle=.

=Cycle in Mayan Chronology= numerical value of =22, i=: 204, 234. symbol for, character of =22, i=: 222. symbol for, figures showing =22, i=: 268.

=Cycle of Years= meaning of term =19=: 705. symbol for, discovery concerning, by Goodman =19=: 712.

=Cycles= Mayan, working table of =19=: 819. of time among Indians =14=: 701.

=Cyclopedia: or a New Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences= on popular synonym for wild rice =19=: 1022. on wild rice planted in England =19=: 1037.

=Cyclopedia of Indian Tribes= mention of =16=: LI, LVI, LXIX, LXXII; =21=: XI, XXIII, XXXII. progress of work on =22, i=: XXXVII. work on =18=: XLV sq.; =19=: XXVIII sq.; =20=: XXIV. See also =Synonymy=.

=Cylinder= baskets and similar objects =38=: § 422, 437. for fish fall traps =38=: § 198. wooden, for music =38=: § 576.

=Cylinders= found in Pueblo ruins, problematic use of =22, i=: 96 sq. made of clay =34=: 235 sq. made of shell =34=: 163. mortuary pottery, Florida Peninsula =20=: 124.

=Cynthiana, Ky.=, trail near =42=: 792.

=Cyperaceae= =33=: 69.

=Cyprea Shells= used as beads =2=: 219. used as ornaments =2=: 263.

=Cypress Swamps, Florida= =5=: 527 sqq.

=Cyprinodon Macularius=, Gila fish =26=: 83.

=Cypripedium Hirsutum= medicinal constituents of =44=: 304. medicinal properties of =44=: 300. use of =44=: 289, 342, 348.