Mental philosophy; embracing the three departments of the intellect, sensibilities, and will

Front matter

Sere a eK ese

See eee erm

LIBRARY Brigham Young University

Introduction

CHAP. I.—RELATION OF THE INTELLECT TO THE SENSIBILITIES. Secti Page f "Reference to the general division of the whole mind.......... 23

2. Difference between intellections or states of the intellect, and sentiments or states of the sensibility...........5..ccee0c 24 3. Action of the sensibilities implies that of the intellect........ 25 4. Importance of the study of the sensibilities.................4. 26 5. Difficulties attending the prosecution of this study........... 27

Cup. II.—CLASSIFICATION OF THE SENSIBILITIES. 6. Natural or pathematic sensibilities and moral................ 29 7. Relation of the natural to the moral sensibilities in time...... 30 8. The moral and natural sensibilities have different. objects..... 32 9. The moral sensibilities higher in rank than the natural........ 33 10, The moral sensibilities wanting in brutes..................006 34 11. Classification of the natural sensibilities...................006 39 12. Classification of the moral sensibilities................0000eee 36 PART FIRST.

NATURAL OR PATHEMATIC SENSIBILITIES. NATURAL OR PATHEMATIC SENTIMENTS.

CLASS FIRST.

EMOTIONS OR EMOTIVE STATES OF THE MIND. EMOTIONALITY, EMOTIVENESS, EMOTIVITY. CHAP. I.—NATURE OF THE EMOTIONS.

13, We have a knowledge of emotions by consciousness.......... 39 14. The ee of emotions, considered in reference to other mental a

15. The character of emotions changes so as to conform to that of

DTS ET | 8) Tak ek ae ig lee, orn A ea ange NS ARE OD AREY et 16. Emotions characterized by rapidity and variety............++. 43

Cup. IJ.—STHETIC EMOTIONS.—EMOTIONS OF BEAUTY.

te~ Characteristics of,emotions: Of heat y.....c...0 oe ce cncie occ ses 44 18. Of what is meant by beautiful objects........ 2... cee eee eee 46 19, Of the distinction between beautiful and other objects........ 46 20. Grounds or occasions of emotions of beauty various.......... 48

Fs ~+ lv CONTENTS.

Section Page

21. Illustrations of the foregoing statement............... Wiis sha, 22. Of the objects in general which excite emotions of beauty... 50 23. All objects not equally fitted to cause these emotions....... 5% 24. A susceptibility of emotions of beauty an ultimate principle

of our mental constitution. 05. foe's oot ese ehele as sui 25. Remarks on the beauty of forms.—The circle................ 54 26. Original or intrinsic beauty.—The circle.........-....e cece ee 56 27. Of the beauty of straight and angular forms............--. Nocoidte MO 28. Of square, pyramidal, and triangular forms....... APS Oe ONT AA 59

29. The variety of the sources of that beauty which is founded on forms illustrated from the different styles of architecture.. 60

30. Of the original or intrinsic beauty of colours...............- 61 31. Further illustrations of the original beauty of colours....... 64 82. Of sounds considered as a source of beauty.............-00e- 65 33. Illustrations of the original beauty of sounds..............4 66 34. Further instances of the original beauty of sounds........... 69 30. The permanency of musical power dependent on its being in- EYTMSIE NOs Gee oa sa te aleve lela ete Mian Ee Na Ree teats eee A er ete oman a 36. Of motion as an element of beauty.............. cee esseeces 72 37. Explanations of the beauty of motion from Kames........... 73

38. Of intellectual and moral objects as a source of the beautiful. 74

Cuap. II].—AssOcIATED BEAUTY. 39. Associated beauty implies an antecedent or intrinsic beauty.. 75

40. Objects may become beautiful by association merely......... 76 41, Further illustrations of associated feelings..............0000- 77 42. Instances of national associations... ...........-..0ceeecceees 79 43. The sources of associated beauty coincident with those of human Happiness sve ote. pewe tht alate teetate ws Cima cisterna oda iccroe 80 44. Of fitness considered as an element of associated beauty...... 81 45. Of utility as an element of associated beauty.......... mp het 82 46. Of proportion as an element of associated beauty............ 83 47. Relation of emotions of beauty to the fine arts.............. 85 48. Differences of original susceptibility of this emotion......... 86 49. Objection to the doctrine of original beauty................. 86 50. Summary of views in regard to the beautiful................. 88 OL OOF MICLUTESGUC DEAULY.§ aiinetenis ccs-ohvoe ad wire eae ae eee 89 Cup. 1V.—ZSTHETIC EMOTIONS.—EMOTIONS OF SUBLIMITY. 52. Connexion between beauty. and sublimity.................00 90 53. The occasions of the emotions of sublimity various.......... 91 54. Great extent or expansion an occasion of sublimity.......... 92 55. Great height an element or occasion of sublimity............ 93 56. Of depth in connexion with the sublime...............00.00: 93 57. Of colours in connexion with the sublime...............0.0- 94 58. Of sounds as furnishing an occasion of sublime emotions..... 95 59. Of motion in connexion with the sublime..................- 96 60. Indications of power: accompanied by emotions of thesublime 97 61. Of moral worth in connexion with sublimity................. 98 62. Sublime objects have some elements of beauty.............. 99 63. Emotions of grandeur..... SBM eG Mele R nC seisets <eehe ice ius 100 64. Of the original or primary sublimity of objects.............. 100 65. Considerations in proof of the original sublimity of objects.. 101 66. Influence of association on emotions of sublimity............ 102 67. Further illustrations of sublimity from association........... 103

CHAP. V.—NATURE OF INTELLECTUAL TASTE.

68. Definition of taste, and some of its characteristics............ 104. 69. Distinguishable from mere quickness of feeling or sensibility. 105

CONTENTS. Vv

Section : Pp, 70. Of the process involved in the formation of taste........... 106 71. Instantaneousness of the decisions of taste..............6.. 108 a2. Ofthe permaneney- Of Deauty. 02 les eee. er ee Sale oe ds 109

Cuap. VI.—EMOTIONS OF THE LUDICROUS. 73. General nature of emotions of the Indicrous.............. :. 110 "4. Oecasions of emotions of the ludicrous..................00. 111 pO TrOubes ACCOUNL OF THE IUGICTOUS 6 rs ou. se vee ces ese cies 112 MGR@e wital wei GOr De UNGersLOOd-DY Wits os. lie. est cases cc ceeee 118 77. Of wit as it consists in burlesque or in debasing objects..... 118 78. Of wit when employed in aggrandizing objects.............. 114 79. Of other methods of exciting emotions of the lndicrous..... 115 80. Of the character and occasions of humour... .... 0.2.2... 6 116 81..Of humorous descriptions as modified by disposition...,.... gw ov 82. Of the practical utility of feelings of the ludicrous.......... 118 CHAP. VII.—INSTANCES OF OTHER SIMPLE EMOTIONS. 83. Emotions of cheerfulness, joy, and gladness................. 119 84. Emotions of melancholy, sorrow, and grief.................. 120 85. Emotions of surprise, astonishment, and wonder............ 120 86. Emotions of dissatisfaction, displeasure, and disgust........ 122 87. Emotions of diffidence, modesty, and shame................ 122 88. Emotions of regard, reverence, and adoration............46. 123 PART FIRST.

NATURAL OR PATHEMATIC SENSIBILITIES. NATURAL OR PATHEMATIC SENTIMENTS.

CLASS SECOND.

THE DESIRES.

THE DESIRING NATURE OR DESIREMENT.

CHAP. I.—NATURE OF DESIRES. 89. Of the prevalence of desire in this department of the mind.. 127 90. The nature of desires known from consciousness............ 127 91. Of the place of desires in relation to other mental states.... 128 92. Of an exception to the foregoing statement................. 180 93. The desires characterized by comparative fixedness and per- PAMMC MIC AG ey Sarin Noein iets tis fe slam niolsh als Solace ata sint cle b= 13.

94. Desires always imply an object desired..........0..2 eee eens 182 95. The fulfilment of desires attended with enjoyment.......... 1382 96. Of variations or degrees in the strength of the desires...... 183 97. Tendency to excite movement an attribute of desire........ 183 98. Classification of this part of the sensibilities................, 134. 99. The principles, based upon desire, susceptible of a twofold

CuaP. II.—INSTINCTS.

100. Of the instincts of man as compared with those of the infe- TAO MAALIATIVAL SH Sahel rte alt veitnc cls wack. obardrcoelste sabre ma Gabe 1386 101. Of the nature of the instincts of brute animals.............. 137 102. Instincts susceptible of slight modiffcations................ 189 103: Instances of instincts in the human mind................... 140 104. Kurtherminstances! Of INSLINetsan Mens s.% isk se oo ee ek das 142 105. Of the final cause or use of instincts........ 0... cece eee eee 143

Vil CONTENTS.

Cuap. III.—APPETITES.

Section Page 106. Of the general nature and characteristics of the appetites... 144 107. The appetites necessary to our preservation, and not original-

ly of a‘selfish character. Sa. io aie eee oie © oie eee 145 108. Of the prevalence and origin of appetites for intoxicating ~

CEUGS.52s stseaeRat. ace aj al ee Sa manee lem alee cabelaencemeees 146 109. Of occasional desires for action and repose.............. 2 eee 146 110. Of the twofold operation and the morality of the appetites.. 147

CuHAp. IV.—PROPENSITIES.

111. General remarks on the nature of the propensities.......... 148 112. Principle of self-preservation, or the desire of continued ex-

ISTCTICE . .,. wn cls gunfoteisialusiemiescuol Doe Rama mn aee 149 113. Of the twofold action of the principle of self-preservation... 150 114. Of curiosity, or the desire of knowledge................00+ 151 115. Further illustrations of the principle of curiosity........... 152 116. Of the twofold operation and the morality of the principle of

CUTIOSILY Ooi Le ee ae ee ee eee ee eee lo glace ee wei . 154 117. Imitativeness, or the propensity to imitation............... 155 118. Practical results of the principle of imitation............... 156 119. Of emulation considered as a propensive principle.......... 158 120. Of approbativeness or the desire of esteem.................- 158 121. Of approbativeness or the desire of esteem as a rule of con-

PS DS a a aA oS An Rate AR ore MIRE Pet le rh met hy woo 122. Of acquisitiveness, or the desire of possession.............4.. 161 123. Of the moral character of the possessory principle.......... 162 124. Of perversions of the possessory desire. ..........00... 0-005 164 125. Of the desire of pOWe? ic « ie gitetcins shia. tena eiiep Mises erase 164 126. Facts in proof of the natural desire of power............... 165 127. Of the moral character of the desire of power............... 167 128. Veracity, or the propensity to utter the truth.............. 167 129. Of the twofold action of the propensity to truth............ 168 180. Propensity of self-love, or the desire of happiness........... 169 181. Of selfishness as distinguished from self-love.............. mae G8 132. Modifications of selfishness; pride, vanity, and arrogance... 171 1838. Reference to the opinions of philosophical writers.......... 173

Cuap. V.—PROPENSITIES CONTINUED.—SOCIALITY, OR THE DESIRE

189. 140.

141. 142. 143.

OF SOCIETY.

The principle of sociality original in the human mind....... 174 The principle of sociality not selfish): 20. 0s 60.0. eee ees. 175 Reference to the doctrine of Hobbes on this subject........ 176 Remarks on the statements of the preceding section........ 176 The doctrine of an original principle of sociality supported by

- the view that it is necessary to man in his actual situation 177

Of the principle as it exists in the lower animals............ 178 The existence of the principle shown from the conduct of children and “youths. 21.70, HAS Ae eee ence 179 The same shown from the facts of later life................. 180 The social principle exists in the enemies of society........ 181 Proofs of the natural desire of society from the confessions and conduct of those who have been deprived of it....... 182 Further proofs and illustrations of the natural origin of the principle of socialityas.. ws. iiciteeii hte cisls Sa atetals Olle eee 184 Other illustrations of @ similar kind. 32:63. ceiese od Sele ok Se 185 Other instances in illustration of the same subject.......... -187 The subject illustrated from experiments in prison discipline 188 Relation of the social principle to civil society............. 190 Of the form of desire denominated, hope. :. <,.¥ eres «ues sa. 191

- CONTENTS. Vil

CHAP. VI.—THE MALEVOLENT AFFECTIONS.

Section Page 150. Of the comparative rank of the affections................... 192 151. Of the complex nature of the affections............ Pease: 193 Ce Ce rete IE TIT Ss aia eh card Opes wil e-wierage Woe Pete 194 153. Iilustrations of instinctive resentment..................-5: 195 154. Uses and moral character of instinctive resentment......... 196 155. Of voluntary in distinction from instinctive resentment..... 196

156. Tendency of anger to excess, and the natural checks to it... 197 157. Other reasons for checking and subduing the angry passions 199 2

158. Modifications of resentment. Peevishness................. 02 159. Modifications of resentment. Envy............. cece cece eee 203 160. Modifications of resentment. Jealousy............... eee eee 208 161. Modifications of resentment. Revenge................. seed SOD 162. Illustrations of the malevolent passionS.............0.-.00 205 aG3.Nature-of the passion. of fear... 2... .4.225 See ct ece ewes 207 Cuap. VII.—THE BENEVOLENT AFFECTIONS. 164. Of the nature of love, or benevolence in general............ 208 165. Love, in its various forms, characterized by a twofold ac- GATES. Bn aD «as. Beek 6 chaser he Sicicetelwiniacptein Sle ahidles 0006 + oe eee OF GE PAVEGLAL QUCCIION 6 nig oc niin ibd Hn gio's 2 5 tad as Sic s'e ois bo 210 167. Illustrations of the strength of the parental affection....... 211 ete, AOE GE ALIA AL CCHON ies ccrenere sre os Gee Soles oes cess eccinenss wn ake 169. The filial affection original or implanted.................6.. 213 170. Illustrations of the filial affection....... 1 IEE VOW Sile oes oe 215 171. Of the nature of the fraternal affection...............eeee0. 217 172. Of the utility of the domestic affections..............24.045 218 173. Of the moral character of the domestic affections, and of the benevolent affections generally ...........202eeeeeeseeese 219 174. Of the moral character of the voluntary exercise of the be-

; MOVOICHE AUECHONS Aoi sc s\e vig So og sg ois tis cis hoe Hawk Sate S ss 221 175. Of the connexion between benevolence and rectitude....... 222 176. Of humanity, or the love of the human race................. 223 177. Further proofs in support of the doctrine of an innate hu-

manity, or love of the human race..........--sseeeeceees 225 178. Proofs of a humane or philanthropic principle from the exist-

ence of benevolent institutions ..............cceseeeeece 2270 179. Other remarks in proof of the same doctrine............... 229 180. Objection from the contests and wars among mankind...... 231 181. The objection, drawn from wars, further considered........ 233 182. Illustration of the statements of the foregoing section...... 204 183. Of patriotism, or love of COUNTIY........ ce eee cee ee eee eees 236 184. Of the affection of friendship.............c eee e cree ceeceeeee 207 185. Of the affection of pity, or sympathy........-..eeeeeereeeess 239 186. Of the moral character Of Pity. ........ ccc eccccecesessecces 240 187. Of the affection of gratitude. ......... ccc ccc cree cree cee 241

CHAP. VIII.—THE BENEVOLENT AFFECTIONS.—LOVE TO THE SU- PREME BEING.

188. Man created originally with the principle of love to God.... 248 189. That man was originally created with a principle of love to

God, further shown from the Scriptureés.............-.-6: f 190. Further proofs that man was thus created..............+-8: 246 191. On the twofold action of the principle of divine love........ 247 192. Relation of the principle of supreme love of God to the oth-

er principles of the pathematic sensibilities.............. 249

193. Illustration ofthe results of the principle of love to God from the character and life of the Saviour...............e00e- . 200

Vill CONTENTS.

Section Page

194. The absence of this principle attended with an excessive and sinful action .of other-principlesy.;.. 4:.'-), 2k seis. see ie ome 251

195. Further illustrations of the results of the absence of this prin- CUPS HOLA AER OO, Rahs CAE Se es ea 253

Cuap. [X.—HABITS OF THE SENSIBILITIES. | 196. General remarks on the nature of habit....,.0.........000. 206 197. Of habits in connexion with the appetites.................. 257 198. Of habits in connexion with the propensities............... 258 199. Of habits in connexion with the affections,...............4 259 200. Of the origin of secondary active principles................- 261 201. Objection to these views in respect to habit..............6- 263 202. Explanation of the above-mentioned Cases..........eecceeee 264 203. Further illustrations of the foregoing instances............. 265

204. The objection to the extent of the law of habit further con- SIGSLCO:, oo) sis cilia siete Vidic pe eerste ec Ita Eta tsar e'/eke es Seta boneless 266

205. The objection noticed in connexion with the malevolent af- LOCELOD BG io’ cie ies a tha Sisto 4 set Meets Ie pia ofa ete = aie oho e rsiednarto tee etaieiaes 268

Part Second

THE MORAL SENSIBILITIES OR CONSCIENCE. MORAL OR CONSCIENTIOUS SENTIMENTS.

CLASS FIRST.

EMOTIONS OF APPROVAL AND DISAPPROVAL.

CuAp. I.—PROOFS OF A MORAL NATURE.

206. Reference to the General Civisions,. 4.0%. cs clas oes ois oe sly ataalere 271 207. Proof of a moral nature from consciOuSNeSSs...........2.005- 272 208. Evidence of a moral nature discoverable in what we notice in Children ae iw ee ee eto ioe SE BAe SRE eins peep Ae ug at 273 209. Proofs of a moral nature from the manner of our intercourse With OWE dello wai Gms Ver Re cotinine ie 274 210. Proofs of a moral nature from the terms used in different lan- PUAVOS Sn Kk s Serle ele wie kotdcas ich hel inter aleterinere( Shetretee See ru: 275 211. Proofs from the operation of the passions of anger and grati- TIO GS seo) ceed wee cara a ew, SUR ead (este ae ny Soh Bee eee 276 212. Proofs of a moral nature from feelings of remorse.......... 277 213. Evidence of a moral nature from the ideas of merit and demerit; reward and punishments: 232 Foy ee ee ar etnies 278

214. The existence of a moral nature involved in systems of moral philosophy, and in other writings and treatises of a moral NAGUROA LES eee er alo, teens it eee stare ates 279 215. Proofs from the uniformity of law oo fic fe nae eos oe este ke we 280 216. Evidences of a moral nature even among Savage nations.... 283 217. Further remarks on the morality of Savage tribes.......... 284 218. The existence of civil or political society implies a moral na-

PUTO. Trae a tise hae ose wee clare o areio ans ie eters kere relia tars 285 219. A moral nature implied in the motives of human conduct

which are recognised in historical works..............00- 286 220. Evidence of a moral nature from Scripture.................. 288

221. Concluding remarks on the general fact of a moral nature... 289

Cap. I].—EMOTIONS OF MORAL APPROVAL AND DISAPPROVAL.

999. Classification of the moral sensibilities)... ...03 wets 290 223. Nature of the moral emotions of approval and disapproval... 291 224, Of the place or position, mentally considered, of the emotions

of approval or disapproval s.;t7 axes emcee a pe eels seme Oe os 292

CONTENTS. 1X

Section baa Page 225. Changes in the moral emotions take place in accordance with

changes in the antecedent perceptions................... 293

226. Of objects of moral approval and -disapproval............... 294 227. Of the original ground or basis of moral approbation and dis-

PP OR UEOR ores Moke Fee ee seine bee oe eee wok eels aveinles 296 228. Emotions of moral approval are called forth in connexion with the existence of right or rectitude in the things ap-

CuHAp. III.—RELATION OF REASONING TO THE MORAL NATURE.

229. Of the doctrine which confounds reasoning and conscience.. 299 230. Of the close connexion between conscience and reasoning... 300

Oot. Hustration of the preceding section. OP ies oe ee cokes 301 232. Further illustrations of the same subject.......... 2... 22 eee 802 233. Remarks upon the case stated in the foregoing section..... 303 234. Of the training or education of the conscience...... Sere ste. 304 235. Of guilt when a person acts conscientiously................ 305 236. Illustrations of the statements of the preceding section from

Rife Crpo OLune Apostle: PAUL) / 65 Oe asso salsa s slow ee chs ele cee 306

Cuap. I1V.—NATURE OF MORAL BEAUTY.

237. Of the origin of emotions of moral beauty.......-.........- 307

238. Of the origin and import of the phrase moral deformity..... 309 239. Of the correspondence between the degrees of moral beauty, and the quickness or liveliness of the moral sensibilities.. 809 240. Of the perception of moral beauty considered as a source of DGPS TESTE 2a ae A ee pe ade eae iirc ea PP RE EI oll 241. Of the moral beauty of the character of the Supreme Being... 312

CHAP. V.—NATURE OF MORAL SUBLIMITY.

242, Remarks in explanation of the moral sublime............... 314

243, Instances and illustrations of the moral sublime........... . 815

- 2944. The moral sublime involves the morally beautiful.......... 316 245. A degree of moral sublime in acts of strict and undeviating

integrity Or JuUStiCe....... 6 eee eee ee eee eee eee eee eee eee 317

246. Other instances of the sublimity of justice...... a se anagsels 3 = 318 247. Instances of friendship and the parental affection illustrative

of the subject... .... ccc cee e cece reece ee ence ete eee enees 319

248, Of the moral sublimity of great benevolent undertakings.... 320

249, The spirit of forgiveness in some cases sublime............. 322

Part Second

THE MORAL SENSIBILITIES OR CONSCIENCE. MORAL OR CONSCIENTIOUS SENTIMENTS.

CLASS SECOND.

FEELINGS OF MORAL OBLIGATION.

Crap. I.—EXISTENCE OF OBLIGATORY FEELINGS. 950. Feelings of moral obligation distinct from feelings of moral

- approval and disapproval..........+. teeeeegecaceees eeeee BOT

951. Proof of the existence of obligatory feelings from conscious- ee PRCT d sce TUTE ai Slats SEL ISM LORE Sich tale pat ale aisles Mialdia' eis sleivisis oo.

952, Further proof from the conduct of men........ Petit ieeta ned oh. 328

953. Further proof from language and literature..............+. 329

254. Further proof from the a of these feelings.......... dol 2 x CONTENTS.

Cup. II.—NATURE OF OBLIGATORY FEELINGS. Section , Page 255. Feelings of obligation simple, and not susceptible of defini- 3 TROD os iad ele Ree re caceperac en’ besa perh ohare EIGN? ole ek Eakg's eaepiche eee nels ead 256. ‘They are susceptible of different degrees... x6 ssid aiewsne sos 333 257. Of their authoritative and enforcing nature..............5- 333 258. Feelings of obligation differ from those of mere approval and disapproved. 07 Geni eit cide a chit ihie « Sees ee Baleares 334 259. Feelings of obligation have particular reference to the future 335 260. Feelings of obligation subsequent in time to the moral emotionsvof approval and) disapproyalc soci i oe lo adc wa wietye 30 261..Feelings of obligation differ from Gesires. .. 5 2.0. 4.0 + ayece ase 37 262. Further considerations on this subject...........0...2 0.00 338

CHAP. III].—UNIFORMITY OF ACTION IN THE MORAL SENSIBILITIES.

265. 266. 267.

268. 269.

270. 271.

. Of uniformity in the decisions of the moral nature, and the

principle on, which it is, regulated.cs.i4¢ 2 ioe flee ee 339 The nature of conscience, considered as a uniform principle

of action, requires that it should vary in its decisions with

CIP CUMS LANCER. Woes a. bok she « oieiaio.0ie 05 letemiete wisteinnts Mee ete 340 Differences in the decisions of conscience dependant in part

on differences of intellectual power... ........000+0sicenes 341 Diversities in moral decisions dependant on differences in the

angount Of knowledge oe! jeu died e rs Miets eeeitie na aba ects 342 Of diversities in moral judgment in connexion with differ-

ences in civil and political institutions. .................. 344 Additional illustration of the same view of the subject...... 345 This view of the subject further illustrated from cases of as-

Of diversities and obliquities of moral judgment in connexion ‘with speculative opinions./7) foo 2 a Ee 348 Further illustrations of the influence of wrong speculative OPINIONS ee, ai ek Se wets eee Pak etre Oe ee are 349 Of the effect of wrong speculative opinions among heathen : 2 cited state ‘of thé passions -. 475) (oR eee SION Ook DO 354

Of the existence of a moral nature in connexion with public robbers and outlaws from society.............:...c.0c00e oot Illustration of the fact that there are the remains of conscientious feeling even in the most depraved of men........ 398 . Of errors in the statements of travellérs............0.0cceee 360 Instances in proof of the preceding view................0005 361

CuAP. 1V.—IMMUTABILITY OF MORAL DISTINCTIONS.

Section

CONTENTS. xi

P The immutability of moral distinctions shown, secondly, from ie the terms and the structure of languages................ 370

. The immutability of moral distinctions shown, thirdly, from the operation of the passions of gratitude and anger..... 313

. Shown, in the fourth place, by the character of the emotions which arise in view of actual instances of right and wrong 3875

290. Shown, in the fifth place, from the deportment and conduct of individuals, and from the character of codes of law and civil institutions. .:... 3%. 4% .% cidkie dap eidetels Casibrrge “hs id BY Ws 291. The doctrine further shown from the opinions which mankind entertain of the character and government of God... 380 292. Further remarks on the subject of the last section.......... 382 293. Further proof from a consideration of the relation which the doctrine bears to the original and permanent character of BEES UDP CULERDCINS ccd rec Fs x pielgtg cit tein e's dldolusddnds aoe 383 294. Of the proofs of this doctrine from the appeals which are made in various parts of the Scriptures......... aR tele Ae 885 295. Remarks in conclusion of what has been said on this subject 387 CHAP. V.—MORAL EDUCATION. 296. Suggestions on the importance of moral education.......... 388 297. The mind must be occupied at an early period either with SOOM: OF WAG, DVUACLIIOS cing odie terois) «x cial bjntals dns rinse ois ois! « 390 298. Of the time when moral instruction and discipline ought to GORMNCINCE, F.0-0- ra x ois iat laa sd cla pisvot ig emil stig th Sidiicale eas sles tw Seed > 391 299. Of the discouragements attending a process of moral instruc- MPO Micra ected Nites aS a's isa alas ols Paths Hematite ataicta’s ake ele te wtrevata.<.¢ 092 300. Of the importance, in a moral point of view, of adopting cor- MOC t SMCCUIAULY.G ODUDIOUS oo tinis nc sail oleh. cians nl sierge a cia 393 301. Further remarks on the same subject.............0-- ee eene 394 302. Of the knowledge of the Supreme Being, and of the study of TEHPiOUS EPULN SON CrAL Ye. ei ece is ss sce cmos e200 ebsc eps. eae 395 * 303. Of the application of the principle of habit in morals....... 396 304. Further views on the influence of moral habits............. 098 305. Of the importance of correct morals in connexion with our

CiVil and political SIEMALION . o,..o.,5,0,< ejaj0j0 0 sceiein gre ainea 85 oe a6 400 THE SENSIBILITIES, OR SENTIMENTIVE NATURE. SENTIMENTIVE STATES OF THE MIND OR SENTIMENTS.

Chap. I.—disordered And Alienated Action Of ‘the Appetites 306. 307

3138. 314.

AND PROPENSITIES.

Introductory remarks on disordered sentimentive action.... 403 Of what is meant by a disordered and alienated state of the SUSUMU Ose oe tte eters ws slate wsdl evavelalc! cia e\sialelpieue o'e. dr eis ee 05's 405 Of the disordered and alienated action of the appetites...... 404 Disordered action of the principle of self-preservation...... 406 Disordered and alienated action of the possessory principle. 407 Instances of the second kind or form of disordered action of TNE LPORSESSOFY PLING PE) o/c war's ali oct cece es'ecd vines 409 Disordered action of imitativeness, or the principle of imita- GREE Poe tse has crn rane etn Hats orelcl alate: ohdleracislatey allgrlelsleli ere aleve» 411 Disordered action of the principle of sociality.............. 411 Further remarks on the disordered action of the social pro- PONSILY occ cove disn soy ates 8 bw vas cies Heel ols aisle liteheieeie's'c'e’> » 412

Xil CONTENTS.

Section . Page 315. Of the disordered action of the desire of esteem............ 413 316. Disordered action of the desire of power..............e0005 415 317. Disordered action of the principle of veracity............... 416 Cuap. J].—SYMPATHETIC IMITATION.

318. Of sympathetic imitation, and what is involved in it........ 418 319. Familiar instances of sympathetic imitation................ 419 320. Of sympathetic imitation in large multitudes............... 42 321. Of the animal magnetism of M. Mesmer in connexion with

BEVIS RIM ICOE. Mere tesmite, Cats sone lek cies eminence oa ee te te Se 421 322. Instances of sympathetic imitation at the poorhouse at Haer-

PUD SCE vse cas es aie sees se Oe ae he ee etal snare ete ake eee tees 423 323. Other instances of this species of imitation................. 424 324, Application of these views to the witchcraft delusion in New

MOPAR Foes Cecile Seo ho aon. Uae Lene ce eee eraee os 425 325. Practical results connected with the foregoing views........ 426

326. Application of these views to legislative and other assemblies 427

CuapP. II].—DISORDERED ACTION OF THE AFFECTIONS.

327. Of the states of mind denominated presentiments........... 428 $28. Of sudden and strong impulses of mind.................008 430 329. Insanity of the affections or passions................ce0000- 4352 330. Of the mental disease termed hypochondriasis.............. 433 331. Of intermissions of hypochondriasis, and of its remedies.... 485 332. Disordered action of the passion of fear:.:::.:...0.......... 437 303. Perversions of the benevolent affections...................- 438 CHAP. [V.—DISORDERED ACTION OF THE MORAL SENSIBILITIES.

334, Nature of voluntary moral derangement................ --.- 440 3385. Of accountability in connexion with this form of disordered

CODSCICNCE Jsis Gee co Sick sole oi eis cto ae ce toueat Waves bam ce 441 336. Of natural or congenital moral derangement................ 442 337. Of moral accountability in cases of natural or congenital mor-

CHAP. V.—CASUAL ASSOCIATIONS IN CONNEXION WITH THE SENSI- BILITIES.

338. Frequency of casual associations, and some instances of them 445 3839. Of association in connexion with the appetites............. 446

340. Of casual associations in connexion with the propensities... 447 341. Other instances of casual association in connexion with the

PTO PENSi ites ANS cota s a 2 eR as aaah neue ere ein eee ines 448 342. Inordinate fear from casual associations................000% 449 343. Casual associations in respect to persOns..............000.. 450

344, Casual association in connexion with objects and places.... 451 345. Of casual association in connexion with particular days..... 453 346. Antipathies to animals............. bene e eee eeeeees Syke a 454

CONTENTS OF THE WILL.

DIVISION THIRD.

THE WILL.

VOLITIONAL STATES OF THE MIND OR VOLITIONS.

Part First. General Nature And Relations Of The Will

CHAP. J.—RELATION OF THE INTELLECT TO THE WILL.

Section Pa 1. General relation of the will to the other departments of the RMUWUEN Hactoasmi ee cis so ceiact ae Cees vs ca eee Sue bra alte Oe, oe 459 2. All the great mental departments connected together........ 459 3. The intellectual part the foundation or basis of the action of tire Other Parte Olt. MING ss Soy le aly a ea oT 460 4, The connexion of the intellect with the will................. 461 5. The connexion of the understanding with the will shown from ILS COMME MIO With ACLIONLS S00 oe BSS el ees Son U. on 462 6. Further proof from an observation of the conduct of men.... 463 7. Illustration of the statements of the preceding section....... 464 8. Nature of the connexion between the intellect and will..:... 465 9. Opinions of Locke and Mackintosh on this point............ 467 10. Power of will and intellect not perfectly correspondent to CACH OLNCRIAS Lr tsci nents he ho hoes IS TRA ty Fahy 468 11. An energetic will sometimes found in connexion with limited PO Wels OL MICCUCCU DN aise. Pames wigl ahaa maine wa me oer hole 470 CuaP. II.—RELATION OF THE SENSIBILITIES TO THE WILL. fe PACEOOUELOPY StOKCMICN GE. wh cue os cit ke aoe Ros cain tince hee es 471 13. Of the division or classification of the sensibilities........... 472 14. Acts of the intellect in immediate proximity with emotions.. 474 15. Emotions not in proximity with volitions................... 475 16. Emotions followed by desires and obligations................ 476 TO Desires Dr proximity wil theties will res iat bie a oe 4U7 18. Obligatory feelings also in proximity with the will.......... 478 19. Further remarks and illustrations on this subject............ 479 20a OL the atrengtir OF te desires s i eee ak OAS Us LSS 480 21. Illustrations of the strength of desires:........0.i.000ce ceeds 480 22. Of the strength of feelings of obligation................ 00005 482 CHAP. IIJ.—VOLITIONS, OR VOLUNTARY STATES OF MIND. 23. Necessity of the controlling power existing in the will....... 483 24, Remarks on the nature’ of the wills... ce lec lees cee 485 25. Of the nature of the acts of the will or volitions............. 486 26. Volition never exists without some object.................5. 487 27. It exists only in reference to what we believe to be in our