The dogs of Great Britain, America, and other countries

Front matter

iii.:

iiii

i;

Chapter I

Origin ; General Characteristics ; Habitats ; Varieties ; F. Cuvler's Divisional Arrangenaent ; Arrangement adopted by Stonehenge • 17 CHAPTER II.

Wild and half -reclaimed Dogs, hunting in Paclis ; The Dingo ; The Dhole ; The Pariah ; The Wild Dog of Africa ; The South- American Dog ; The North American Dog ; Other Wild Dogs • -27 CHAPTER III.

Domesticated Dogs Hunting Chiefly by the Eye and the Nose, and Killing their Game for Man's use ; The Rough Scotch Greyhound and Deerhound; The Smooth or English Greyhound; The Irish Greyhound, or Wolf-dog ; The French Matin ; The Hare-TT-'\ian Dog; The Albanian Dog; The Grecian Greyhound; The Turkish Greyhound ; The Persian Greyhound ; The Russian Greyhound ; The Italian Greyhound ; The Bloodhound ; The Foxhound ; The Harrier ; The Beagle ; The Otterhound ; The Terrier ; The Dachshund .---.--.-ai CHAPTER IV.

Domesticated Dogs, finding game by scent, but not killing it, being chiefly used in aid of the gun ; The Modern English Pointer ; The Portuguese Pointer ; The French Pointer ; The Dalmatian and Danish Dogs ; The English and Irish Setters ; The Russian Setter ; The Ordinary Field Spaniel, including the Springer (Clumber, Sussex, and Norfolk breeds), and the Cocker (Welsh and Devonshire) ; The Water Spaniel (English and Irish) ; The Chesapeake Bay Dog ..-..---88

CHAPTER V.

Pastoral Dogs, and those used for the purposes of draught ; The English Sheep-Dog ; The Colley ; The German Sheep-Dog ; Pomeranian or Spitz Dog; The Newfoundland and Labrador Dogs ; The Esquimaux Dog; The Greenland Dog. - - - • 13* CHAPTER VI.

Watch Dogs ; House Dogs, and Toy Dogs ; Bulldog ; English Mastiff; Mount St. Bernard; Thibet Dog; Poodle; Maltese Dog; Lion Dog ; Shock Dog ; Toy Spaniels ; Toy Terriers ; The Pug Dog; Italian Greyhound. - - - - - - - 141

CHAPTER VIL

Jrossed Breeds.— Retriever ; Bull-Terrier • • • • - 163

V

TI CONTENTS.

BOOK n.

THE BREEDING, REARING, BREAKING, AND MANAGEMENT OF THi DOG, IN-D00R8 AND OUT.

CHAPTER I.

Breeding.— Principles of Breeding ; Axioms for the Breeder's Use ; Crossing and Crossed Breeds ; Importance of Healtti in both Sire and Dam ; Best Ages to Breed From , in-and-in Breeding ; Best Time of Tear; Duration of Heat ; Management of the Bitch in Season ; The Bitch in Whelp ; Preparations for Whelping , Healthy Parturition ; Destruction or Choice of Whelps at Birth - 173 CHAPTER II.

Rearing.— Management in the Nest ; Choosing ; The Foster-Nurse ; Feeding before Weaning ; Choice of Place for Whelping ; Removal of Dew-Claws, etc; Weaning; Lodging; Feedmg; Exercise ; Home Rearing vs. Walking ; Food ; General Management ; Cropping, Branding, and Rounding - • 187

CHAPTER in.

Kennels and Kennel Management. — Greyhound Kennels ; Foxhound Kennels ; Pointer Kennels ; Kennels for Single Dogs ;

House Dogs - • 201

CHAPTER IV-

Breaking and Entering. — The Entering of the Greyhound and Deerhound ; Of Foxhounds and Harriers ; Breaking the Pointer and Setter ; The Retriever (Land and Water) ; The Spaniel ; The Vermin Dog - - - - 212

CHAPTER V.

The Use of the Dog in Shooting.— Grouse and Partridge (Quail) Shooting ; Snipe and Woodcock Shooting ; Wild Fowl Shooting: Shoal-water Fowl; Deep-water Fowl; Hare Hunting; Deer Hunting ; Game in the Far West - 248

BOOK IIL

THE DISEASES OP THE DOG AND THEIR TREATMENT. CHAPTER I.

Peculiarities in the Anatomy and Physiology of the Dog.— The Skeleton, including the Teeth ; The Muscular System ; The Brain and Nervous System; The Digestive System; The Heart and

Lungs ; The SMn 287

CHAPTER n.

The Remedies Suited to the Dog, and the Best Means of Administering them.— Alteratives ; Anodynes*^ Antispasmodics ; Aperi ents ; Astringents ; Blisters ; Caustics ; Charges ; Cordials ; Diuretics ; Embrocations ; Emetics ; Expectorants ; Fever Medicines ; Clysters ; Lotions ; Ointments ; Stomachics ; Styptics ; Tonics ; Worm Medicines ; Administration of Remedies - • 28Q

CONTENTS.

VU

CHAPTER ni.

Fevers, and their Treatment.— Simple Ephemeral Fever, or Cold ; Epidemic Fever, or Influenza ; Typhus Fever, or Distemper j Rheumatic Fever ; Small-Pox ; Sympathetic Fever • -^ • CHAPTER IV. .'nflammations. — Definition of Inflammation : Symptoms and Treat ment of Rabies, Tetanus, and Turnslde ; Of Inflammation of the Eye, Ear (canker), Mouth, and Nose ; Of the Lungs ; Of the Stomach ; Of the Bowels ; Of the Liver ; Of the Kidneys and Bladder ; Of the Skin - - ...

CHAPTER V.

Diseases Accompanied by Want of Power.— Chorea ; Shakmg Palsy •, Fits ; Worms ; General Dropsy or Anasarca - - . • CHAPTER VI.

Diseases Arising from Mismanagement or Neglect. — Anaemia ; Rick ets ; Indigestion - - - , •

CHAPTER VII.

Diseases and Accidents Requiring Surgical Aid.— Tumors ; Cancer; Encysted Tumors ; Abscesses ; Unnatural Parturition , Accidents and Operations • - - •

«cW York Annual Bench Shows, •....-.

£23 m

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Frontispiece (Countess.). .

Fetching Game 7

Outwitting the Dog 10

Group of Dogs 11

Pointing a Grouse 12

Flushing Birds 14

The Wolf I''

English Pointer, Drake Full page 21

Head of Wild Dog 26

The Dingo 27

Head of Retriever 31

Deerhound 32

Greyhound 35

Pair of 36

Setters, Pai r of Fall i^age . . 39

Deer at Bay 48

Hare-Indian Dog 49

Greyhound, Persian 51

Greyhounds, Italian, Pair of — 52

Hound, Head of 54

Bloodhound, Head of 55

Foxhound 57

Beagles, American 64

" Rabbit 66

English Terrier 69

Dandie Dinmont Terriers 72

Irish Setter, Rover. .^wS page. . 109

Skye Terrier 77

FoxTerrier 79

Yorkshire Terrier 81

Head of Terrier 82

Fox Terrier Full page. . 73

Dachshunds 85

Dalmatian Dog 91

Gordon Setter, ljQ:n^.t nil page.. 93

Setter at Work 95

Shepherd Dogs Full page.. 125

Spaniel, Clumber 113

'' Sussex 114

^' Cocker 115

« Head of 117

*' Irish Water US

Dachshund FuU page. . 83

Spaniel and Woodcock 123

Chesapeake Bay Dog 121

Colley Dog, Scotch 128

Sheep Dog, Head of 130

Spitz Dog 131

Newfoundland Dog 134

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Esquimaux Dogs, Heads of .136-137 Esquimaux Dog.... FuU page.. 139

BuU Dogs 142

" Head of 145

Mastiff, English 146

St. Bernard, Rough 148

" Smooth 150

Poodle Dog 152

Bull Dog and Spaniel 153

Maltese Dog 154

Spaniel, King Charles 156

" Blenheim 157

Pug Dogs, A Pair of... 159

Dog and Crow 160

Terriers, Toy 161

Retrievers Full page . .165

Bull Terrier 169

Terrier and Cat 170

Dachshund and Pups 186

Group of Dogs 205

Kennel, Plan of 207

" Elevation of 208

" Bench for 211

" Ventilating Shaft 212

Hound, Head of 217

Plan of Quartering Ground 228

Puzzle Peg 231

Pointer, Daisy FuU page. .237

Head of Skye Terrier 247

Snipe Fun page. .253

Woodcock Full page. .259

American Hare Full page. ,273

Deer at Salt Lick. ...Full page. .277

Coursing Deer 280

Buffalo Hunters Fullpage.. 2S1

Teeth of Dogs, 4 Figures 289

Head of Sick Dog 291

Dog in Trouble 308

Paper Carrier 322

Puppy. 346

Maw Worm 851

Tape Worm 352

Tape Worm, Head of 352

Kidney Worm 854

Shepherd Dog and Flock 858

A Sudden Encounter 366

Bloodhound, Head of 381

Colburn's Dash 383

FULL PAGE ILLUSTRATIONa i. Frontispiece, Countess, the celebrated English setter belongiog to Mr. Purcell Llewellyn, Stonehenge regards her as an absolutely perfect dog. For her complete pedigree, see pages 96-97.

3. Drake, (page 21), a distinguished pointer in his day. He belonged to Mr. R. J. Lloyd Price, of North Wales, and is fully described on page 90.

3. Flora and Nelly, (page 39), two well-known American setters exhibited at a recent New York Bench Show, the former by W. C. Waters, of New York, and the latter by Milo Seagears, an eminent shot and trainer of Florida, Orange County, N. Y. Nelly, the under dog in the illustration, was the stanchest little setter "^e ever shot over ; she was unfortunately drowned not long since In & vat, to the great regret of many sportsmen.

4. Rover (page 109), a majestic Irish setter, belonging to Mr. Macdona He is by Beauty out of the Rev. R. Callaghan's Grouse, and is own brother to Plunket. He is referred to page 110.

5. Fox Terrier (page 73). This breed of dogs is becoming very popular as companions. They are fully described, page 78. The English Terrier Belcher, whose portrait is given on a previous page (69), has taken many prizes. He now belongs to Mr. T. B. Swinburne, of Great Britain, and is considered the most perfect specimen of the breed extant.

6. Lang (page 90), an elegant Gordon setter belonging to Mr. Coath, of Great Britain. He has taken numerous prizes at Birmingham and elsewhere, and is fully described, page 106. The Dalmatian dog Captain, of which an engraving is given on a previous page, (91), belongs to Mr. Fowdry, of Great Britain, and since 1875 has taken several first prizes at London, Birmingham, and other important Dog Shows in England.

7. Shepherd Dogs (page 125), or Scotch Colleys. The group belong to Mr. Francis Morris, of Philadelphia, Pa. These dogs have a most tenacious memory, whereby they are enabled to recognize every sheep in the flock. The breed is described, page 126.

8. Dachshund (page 83). This is an engraving of a dog belonging to Mr. Raab, of Hoboken, N. J. Ten years ago there were very few Dachshunds in the United States in addition to Mr. Raab's small pack. They are now becoming quite popular, as they already have been on the European Continent. The breed is described, page 85.

9. Esquimaux or Wolf Dog (page 139). This engraving represents the breed of North American dogs, which, having many of the charaoteristies of the wolf, were frequently taken for the latter animal by Dr. Kane. They are described, page 135.

10. Wavy-Coated Retrievers, Ihrh and Melody (page 165). These Iwo beautiful animals belong to Mr. Q. Brewis, of Great Britain. The

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X FtriX PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS,

breed Is now much employed In England, though as yet compare* lively little used in the United States, their work being performed bj our setters and pointers. They are described, page 164.

11. Pointer, Daisy (page 2S7). This pointer, belonging to Dr. A. R. Straehan, of New York City, took the first prize of her class in a recent New York Bench Show,. She is small, but finely formed, and beautiful both m color and action.

12. American Snipe (page 259). Though commonly called Engllsb Snipe, and formerly supposed to be identical, this is an American bird, the differences first having been ascertained and designated by Dr Alex* ander Wilson, the celebrated Ornithologist. The bird in the engraving was shot on the Hackensack Meadows, and owing to its size and beauty, preserved for illustration. Snipe shooting is described, page 255.

13. Woodcock, (page 259). The engraving represents the American Woodcock. Though smaller than the English bird, it is fully as handsomely marked and held in equal estimation by epicures of both countries. The bird described flew from its feeding ground across a village street in Bergec, New Jersey, and dashing through the window of a drug store broke its neck against the stove.

14. American Hare (page 273). Suggestions regarding the hunting of hares in the United States are given, page 275.

15. Shooting Deer at a Salt-Lick (page 277). The engraving represents a favorite and successful mode of hunting deer in the United States, and is described, page 280.

16. Buffalo Hunters' Camp (page 281). This scene, representing buffalo hunters, curing the hides of the animals, was sketched in Southem Kansas by one of the contributors to this volume. The present ranges of the buffalo aie described, page 283.

17. Colburn's Dash (page 382). This celebrated dog, belonging to George C. Colburn, of this city, combines the English, Irish, and Gordon strains, and has sired some of our best prize and field winners.

PUBLISHERS' PEEFACE.

For fifty years, " Stonehenge," by which name Mr. J. H. Walsh is known in both Continents, has made the dog a constant study. More than twenty years ago the Messrs Longman, of London, selected him to revise Mr. Youatt's work. Since then his voluminous writings in the " Field," and elsewhere, have revealed such thorough knowledge of the subject as to constitute him the undisputed authority on all matters pertaining to the dog. Blaine, Daniel, Hill, Mayhew, Richards, Youatt, and other authors, take rank far belov/ him, while " Idstone," who, perhaps, stands next to him, frankly alludes in his work to " Stonehenge " as " without doubt the first of living authorities," " the most experienced and scientific of writers," etc. He is so regarded to-day in America, as well as in Europe. The writings on which " Stonehenge's" reputation and present popularity mainly rest are contained in the two works " The Dog in Health and Disease," (1872), and " The Dogs of the British Islands," (1878). The high cost of these works 21 xn

has placed them, with few exceptions, beyond the reach o? would be buyers in the United States, where there is a very general curiosity and desire to procure them. Such being the case, we have incorporated all the essential features of both works into one, at a cost to the reader of less than one-fifth the amount charged for the two imported works. The new volume may be correctly described as Stonehenge's writings, omitting minor details of merely local interest, and following the original text, except in the reconstruction of sentences for the sake of perspicuity and simplicity. Such additional matter as has been deemed desirable for an American book is contributed, among others, by Mr. David W- Judd, whose annual three months* hunting trips for many years, have discovered choice hunting grounds in the Middle and Western States and Territories ; by Mr. Henry Stewart, whose long studies in animal life have produced several successful volumes, and by Mr. F. R. Ryer, whose familiarit}" with dog lore has so frequently been verified in controversial papers. The engravings have been executed by Mr. Charles Hinkle, whose known experience with dogs enables him to successfully bring out the required points in his subject. The full page illustrations are distributed without regard to the text, but to add to the general efiect of the volume. Lists of prize wmners in Dog Shows, down to 1887, are given.

INTKODUCTORY.

Breiy lover of the dog has hailed with lively satisfaction the reproduction of Stonehenge's Great Works in the United States. Mr. Walsh does not always express himself in the smoothest terms, but what he writes is to the point. The reader feels that he is explaining or advising what he knows to be true from actual experience, that he can safely purchase one animal or administer medicine to another in accordance with his directions. The composition of his latest book, the " Dogs of the British Islands," shows a marked improvement over that of **The Dog in Health and Disease," though the directions for breeding, rearing, etc., and for the treatment of the diseases, are fuller and mor*^. satisfactory in the oatter. The present volume veiy properly, therefore, combines descriptions of dogs selected from both works, while the matter pertaining to the breeding of dogs, management in disease, etc., is eproduced almost bodily from Stonehenge's first book. The Jlustrations are much the superior in the latest work, and are therefore selected from that for reproduction. Portraits of several well known American dogs are added.

The rapidly increasing interest manifested in Dog Shows bears evidence to the growing regard and care in the United States for the canine species. Of all animals, the dog possesses the most intelligence, and, with proper effort and training, can be educated up to a point next to human. We have plenty of books on the dog, but none furnishing the desired information and instruction ■which are presented in Stonehenge's combined worbs.

Time devoted to the animal creation is by no means lost. Not to speak of the practical results, it has an ameliorating effect upon humanity. H^ who is kind to his brutes does not himself become a brute. If the disposition to treat them with consideration is cultivated, it is carried into his daily walk and conversation, with humanity. He who practices profanity and physical abuse upon

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Xiy INTRODITCTORT.

his animals, all the more readily berates his family. However d» graded, the man who loves his dog is not wholly lost. There is yet considerable humanity about him, which may, perhaps, be sooner or later successfully appealed to. The dog is a valuable factor in society. Cuvier styles the domestic dog " the most useful conquest that man has gained in the animal world." Th« Shaggy Esquimaux which draws its heavy sled over weary roads ; the faithful Colley, " without which," says the Ettrick Shepherd, " the whole of the open mountainous land in Scotland would not be worth a sixpence " ; the noble Newfoundland which protects and rescues life ; the sturdy Mastiflf which guards well the home from all intruders ; the Pointer or Setter which, with its unerring scent, contributes to the delicacy of the table, and in the " season " swells may be his masters slender income ; the lively Terrier which rids the house of vermin; the ever alert Skye, whose shrill night bark betokens danger — one and all enact an important part for mankind. When we take into account the very many valuable services performed for us by the various species, we can not so much wonder, perha;"»s, that the untutored savage thinks his dog follows him straight to the spirit land, or that the ancient Egyptians freshly shaved themselves as a mark of grief every time a dog died in the family, or that a tribe of Ethiopia once set up a dog for their king, and accepted the wags of his tail aa heavenly divinations. Be is certainly one of the noblest and most useful of animals.