The boy travellers in Australasia : adventures of two youths in a journey to the Sandwich, Marquesas, Society, Samoan, and Feejee Islands, and through the colonies of New Zealand, New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia

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MAP TO ACCOMPANY

THE BOY TRAVELLERS

IN AUSTRALASIA.

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Adapted from M»p of OccmUcs, llarp«r'i School Geo^rrnphy. Ccpyritfht, 1879, by Harper h Brothen.

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V

THE BOY TRAVELLERS IN

AUSTRALASIA

ADVENTURES OF TWO YOUTHS IN A JOURNEY TO

THE SANDWICH, MARQUESAS, SOCIETY, SAMOAN, AND FEEJEE ISLANDS, AND

THROUGH THE COLONIES OF NEW ZEALAND, NEW SOUTH WALES

QUEENSLAND, VICTORIA, TASMANIA., AND SOUTH AUSTRALIA

BY

THOMAS W. KNOX

AUTHOR OP "THE BOY TRAVELLERS IN THE FAR EAST" "IN SOUTH AMERICA*'

"IN RUSSIA" AND "ON THE CONGO" "THE YOUNG NIMRODS"

"THE VOYAGE OF THE * VIVIAN'" ETC.

SUustrateb

NEW YORK

HARPER & BROTHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE

By THOMAS W, KNOX.

THE BOY TRAVELLERS IN THE FAR EAST. Five Volumes. Copiously Illustrated. Bvo, Cloth, $8 00 each. The volumes sold separately. Each volume complete in itself. I. Adtbiturks or Two Youths ix ▲ Jouknst to Japak a5D Cbixa.

11. ADTKxruRxa ow Two Youths in a Journht to Siax and Jata. With DescriptloDB orCochin-ChiDB, Cambodia, Samatra, and the Malay Archipelago.

III. Advbnturbs or Two Youths in a Jouknst to Cstlon and India. With Descriptions of Borneo, the Philippine Islands, and Burmah.

IV. Adyixturbs or Two Youths in a Journxt to Eotpt and Palbsttni. V. Adtrnturbs or Two Youths in a Journbt through Africa.

THE BOY TRAVELLERS IN" SOUTH AMERICA. Adventures of Two Youths in a Journey through Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentine Republic, and Chili ; with Descriptions of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, and Voyages upon the Amazon and La Plata Rivers. Copiously Illustrated. 8vo, Cloth, $8 00.

THE BOY TRAVELLERS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE.

Adventures of Two Youths in a Journey in European and Asiatic Russia, with Accounts of a Tour across Siberia, Voyages on the Amoor, Volga, and other Rivers, a Visit to Central Asia, Travels Among the Exiles, and a Historical Sketch of the Empire from its Foundation to the Present Time. Copiously Illustrated. 8vo, Cloth, $8 00.

THE BOY TRAVELLERS On"tHE CONGO. Adventures of Two Youths in a Journey with Henry M. Stanley "Through the Dark Continent." Copiously Illustrated. 8vo, Cloth, |8 00.

THE BOY TRAVELLERS In"aUSTRALA8IA. Adventures of Two Youths in a Journey to the Sandwich, Marquesas, Society, Samoan, and Feejee Islands, and through the Colonies of New Zealand, New South Wales. Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania, and South Australia. Copiously Illustrated. 8vo, Cloth, $3 00.

THE VOYAGE OF THE "VIvTaN" TO THE NORTH POLE AND BEYOND. Adventures of Two Youths in the Open Polar Sea. Copiously Illustrated. 8vo, Cloth, $2 50.

HUNTING ADVENTURES "oN LAND AND SEA. Two Volumes. Copiously Illustrated. 8vo. Cloth, $2 50 each. The volumes sold separately. Each volume complete in itself.

I. Thb Young Nimrods in North Amkkica.

II. Thb Young Ximrods Aroihd the World.

Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.

Any of the above volumet setU by mail, postage prtpaid^ to any part of the United States or Canada, on receipt of the price.

Copyright, 1888, by Harper k Brothers. — AH rights reserved.

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Preface

THE first settlement in Australia was made in 1788 ; consequently the inhabitants of the great southern continent are this year celebrating their centennial. Three millions of people settled in five great colonies, possessing all the characteristics of an advanced civilization, with the unity developed by a common language and a common allegiance, and the rivalry that springs from the independence of each colony by itself, are uniting in the centennial celebration, and contrasting the Australia of to-day with that of one hundred years ago.

Previous to the discovery of gold in Australia, in 1851, Americans had but little knowledge of that far-away land. The opening of the auriferous fields attracted the attention of the whole civilized world to the antipodes, and many Americans joined the multitude that went thither in search of wealth. Since that time our relations with Australia have, year by year, grown more intimate. Kailways across our continent and steamship lines over the broad Pacific have brought Sydney and Melbourne in juxtaposition to New York and San Francisco, and in this centennial Australian year we may almost regard the British colonies under the Southern Cross as our next-door neighbors.

The writer of this volume is not aware that any illustrated book descriptive of Australia and its neighboring colonies, New Zealand and Tasmania, by an American author, or from an American press, has ever yet appeared. Believing such a book desirable, he sent those youthful veterans of travel, Frank Bassett and Fred Bronson, over the route indicated on the title-page, with instructions to make careful note of what they saw and learned. Under the guidance of their mentor and our old friend Doctor Bronson thev carried out their instructions to the letter, and the results of their observations will be found in the following pages. Trusting that the book will meet the favor that has been accorded to previous volumes of the " Boy^ Traveller " series, they offer their present work as their contribution to the Australian centennial,

IV PREFACE.

and hope that the boys and girls of their native land will find pleasure and profit in its perusal.

The method followed in the preparation of previous volume^ of the series has been observed in the present book as far as it was possible to do so. The author's personal knowledge of the countries and people of Australasia has been supplemented by information drawn from many sources — from books, newspapers, maps, and other publications, and from numerous Australian gentlemen whom he has known or with whom he has been in correspondence. During the progress of the work he has kept a watchful eye on the current news from the antipodes, and sought to bring the account of the condition of the milways, telegraphs, and other constantly changing enterprises down to the latest dates.

Many of the books consulted in the preparation of " The Boy Travellers in Australasia " are named in the text, but circumstances made it inconvenient to refer to all. Among the volumes used are the following: Wallace's " Australasia," Forrest's " Explorations in Australia," Warburton's " Journey Across the Western Interior of Australia," Alexander's " Bush-fighting in the Maori War," Smyth's " Aborigines of Victoria," Bodham-Whetham's " Pearls of the Pacific," Murray's " Forty Years of Mission Work in Polynesia," Cumming's " At Home in Fiji," Markham's "Cruise of the Bosario^'^'* Palmer's "Kidnapping in the South Seas," Buller's "Forty Years in New Zealand," "Australian Pictures," Harcus's "South Australia," Eden's "Australia's Heroes," Trollope's " Australia and New Zealand," and Nordhoflfs " Northern California, Oregon, and the Sandwich Islands."

The publishers have kindly allowed the use of illustrations that have appeared in Harper's Magazine and other of their publications, and these illustrations have admirably supplemented those that were specially prepared for the book. The maps on the front and rear covers were specially drawn from the best authorities, and are intended to embody the most recent explorations and the latest developments of the railway systems of the Australian colonies.

T. W . K.

New York, July, 1888.