A History of Ireland, from its first settlement to the present time; including a particular account of its literature, music, architecture, and national resources; with ... sketches of its eminent men interspersed with a great number of Irish melodies, etc

Front matter

5 s>\i?j't)iL>y/j A HISTORY OF IRELAND, FROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT TO THE PRESENT TIME; INCLUDING A PARTICULAR ACCOUNT OP ITS LITERATURE, MUSIC, ARCHITECTURE, AND NATURAL RESOURCES; WITH UPWARDS OF TWO HUNDRED BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF ITS M.0m EMINENT MEN; INTERSPERSED WITH A GREAT NUMBER OF %xi&{) Mtlohite, ORIGINAL AND SELECTED, ARRANGED FOR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, AND ILLUSTRATED BT MANY PORTRAITS OE CELEBRATED IRISHMEN, AND A SI&[i§ Q)W ABÆHWTE6T58BAE, WIW§« By THOMAS MOONEY,. LATE OF THE CITY OF DUELIN^^/^ BOSTON: PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR 1846. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1845, by Thomas Mooney, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts

Preface

TO THE SECOND EDITION. The first edition of this work was published in November. It was sold in eight weeks. The second edition was put to press in December, and in January it was in the hands of the binder. Few books have been so well received by any class of readers on this or the other side of the Atlantic. By M'Culloch's statistics, it appears that not one book in fifty, published in Eng land, ever reaches a second edition ; and not one in a hundred reaches a third. The success of this work is one more evidence of the increasing anxiety felt in the United States for un happy Ireland. One fourth, at least, of the purchasers of this History, are native born Americans, unconnected with Ireland by blood or interest. This is a fact worthy alike the attention of the British statesman and the Irish patriot.

The author feels grateful to his countrymen for the sub stantial support which they have given his undertaking ; and to the exalted individuals who affixed the approval of their high names to his literary labors he feels profoundly thankful. Their approbation is at once his protection and his reward. Few books have encountered so little adverse criticism. The unfavorable remarks that have been made on it disclose no substantial error in the great narrative of Ireland's history. It was this that the author undertook to present. On that point the book was tested, and found proof. Let it go forth, then, to argue its way through the world, the vindicator, until bet ter appears, of a calumniated race. Washington, 20th January, APPROBATION. Meeting of the Friends of Ireland in New York. A meeting of the Friends of Ireland and of Universal Liberty was held at Wash ington Hall, Broadway, on the evening of the 1st of May, 1843, the Rev. John N. Smith, pastor of St. James's, in the chair, James Bergen and George D. Dowling secretaries.

The object of the meeting having been very eloquently stated by the reverend chairman, which was called with a view to have the valuable and interesting course of Lectures on Ireland, delivered in the course of the past winter, by Mr. Mooney, published, — The reverend gentleman stated that he had heard many of those Lectures delivered, and he considered that if the whole were published in the cheapest possible form, the book would form an excellent auxiliary to our stock of literature ; that it would make an excellent school book, which we much wanted, for it was a lamentable fact, that the youth of this country never saw a History of Ireland, simply because there is really no such work, complete, in existence. Even the children of Irish parents forget the blessed and revered land of their forefathers, or learn of it only through the vicious medium of English calumniators.

A new era had arrived, public inquiry respecting Ireland had taken wing, and it will not rest now until it flies over the entire history of that interesting but oppressed land. (Cheers.) Mr. Mooney had given the whole of her splendid history, in a pleasing, graphic, and familiar style, suitable to everjr taste. He was the first man bat did the thing so much required, and he felt it his duty to Ireland and to truth to give the work his heartiest support. (Cheers.) The Rev. Mr. M'Carran supported the views of the reverend chairman. Letters were received from Messrs. Charles O'Conor William Denman, Dr. M'Gloin, and other gentlemen, highly approving the object fthe meeting. Mr. Wallace, of Kentucky, also addressed the meeting in laudatory terms of the object it had in view, and moved the following resolutions: — Resolved, That we have witnessed with pleasure the great advantage derived by this community from the Lectures on Irish History, delivered by Thomas Mooney, Esq., during the past winter, and, feeling it due to Ireland and the United States, that the most extensive circulation should be given to the valuable and interesting matter contained in these important Lectures as a national work, we deem it a duty to request Mr. Mooney to publish an edition of the same.

Resolved, That we, as a committee, not only cheerfully recommend such a publication to every friend of Ireland, and of universal liberty, throughout the United States, but will assist, by all honorable means, in disposing ofthe work when published. Resolved, That the secretaries of this meeting be empowered to call upon the lead ing men of this city, and throughout the United States, for such general cooperation as they may be disposed to render. The following named gentlemen then and subsequently subscribed their names for the work : — a Henry H. Byrne, Henry C. Bowden, Daniel Major, Robert Wilson, C. M. King, Wm. Francis Clarke, Allanson Nash, 109 Nassau Street, Moses Y. Beach, proprietor of the Sun, Horace Greely, proprietor of the Tribune, Bernard Donnelly, Charles J. Leahy, Thomas Scanlan, Robert O'Donovan, Alex.

Wells, John Brady, Bartholomew O'Conor, secretary Repeal Association, James Trute, Patrick M'Kenna, Pittsburg, James Hurley. John Power, vicar-general, pastor of St. Peter's, (five copies,) John N. Smith,pastor of St. James's, (five copies,) Michael M'Carron, St. James, Wm. Nightengale, pastor of Fiftieth Street Church, (two copies,) Alexander Mappeti, Transfiguration Church, Rev. Mr. Murphy, St. Mary's, Felix Varela, vicar-general, pastor of Transfiguration Church, John M'Closkey, pastor of St. Joseph's,* Andrew Byrne, pastor of the Church of the Nativity, Rev. Wm. Quarter, pastor of St. Mary's, Rev. Mr. Curran, of St. Paul's, Harlem, John M'Keon, M. C, Robert Emmet, Charles O'Conor, W. J. Macneven, Samuel R. Macneven, John Caldwell, treasurer N. York Repeal Association, Patrick S. Casserly, Gregory Pillon, Wm. Denman, Robert Hogan, president Emigrant Society, New York, Pr.

Sweeny, Pr. M'Gloin, Roche Brothers & Co., James Shea, John M'Sweeny, John Augustus Shea, P. H. Bushe, John Colgan, Penis Carolin, William Wallace, of Kentucky, Timothy Fahy, JAMES BERGEN, , „ «EO. P. DOWLING,rCCreton"- * Coadjutor bishop of New York. The following correspondrace3§oÆffl|»c£g To the Very Rev. X(H$L$&&3£Ki Vicar- General of New York. Washington Hall, May i, 1843. Very Rev. Sir : As secretaries of a meeting of friends of Ireland, held in this hotel on the first of May, we beg leave, in compliance with the resolutions of that meeting, to enclose your reverence a copy of the same, and to request most respectfully your attention thereto. The students in the schools of America, and the great public generally, have hitherto been deprived of a correct History of Ireland — one which would acquaint them with the true character ofthe Irish people, their ancient importance amid the nations, their unequalled efforts for many centuries in propagating Christianity and literature, and the unparalleled succession of ages during which they sustained their national integrity, together with the treachery and butchery by which they were deprived of their freedom.

The American youth, learning the little that is printed of Ireland through the prejudiced histories written by her oppressors, cannot but have conceived a very unfavorable impression of her gallant, industrious, and warm-hearted people. Such, indeed, is the result of those unfair and prejudiced reports, that many amongst the American public have treated individuals from Ireland with unaccountable ill-feelino-, which, in very many instances, has tended to impede the progress of enterprising industry, in many of the most important walks of life. A new era, however, has arrived. Discussions on the claims of Ireland to national independence have brought the character of that nation more directly before the public eye, the result of which is the growth of a more favorable opinion, throughout America, towards Ireland and her people.

From these discussions have grown a series of Lectures on Ireland, which have been delivered in the course of the last winter before the New York public, by Mr. Thomas Mooney, a gentleman recently arrived from Ireland, whose unceasing exertions for the liberation of his country entitle him to the thanks of every friend of freedom. These Lectures have covered the whole history of Ireland, from the earliest period to the present time, and will, when published, supply that desideratum in American literature so much required. It is our pleasing duty, Very Rev. Sir, to solicit the honor of your name to the national list of patrons and subscribers of this work; and we are, with respect, your very obedient servants, JAMES BERGEN, } „ , . GEO. D. DOWLING, \S™ta™' ANSWER To James Bergen and George D. Dowling, Esqrs.

New York, May 12, 1843. Gentlemen 1 have received your letter of the 4th instant, with the resolutions passed at a meeting held in Washington Hall, on the 1st instant, recommending the publication of Mr. Mooney's Lectures on Ireland, as delivered in this city during the past winter. Of Mr. Mooney's knowledge of Ireland and of Irish affairs I am fully convinced. Of his great services and labors in her cause since his arrival in this country you yourselves are witness. By his speeches and Lectures we all have been instructed. I therefore, gentlemen, do fully concur in the resolutions, and as a proof of my hearty concurrence, I beg you will set my name down for five copies ofthe work. With great esteem, I have the honor to be, gentlemen, Your very faithful servant, J. POWER, V. G.ofN. Y. ADDRESS To the exiled Irishi/ien resident nn the United States, the British Provinces, and in other parts of the world, and to those Irishmen still in bondage in their native country.

MY COUNTRYMEN : I have performed the laborious task of gathering into one book a tolerably complete history of our country, our greatest men, our immortal music, our ancient language, and our sublime architecture. This work has cost me several years of study, research, and labor. It is now done. My book is in the hands of the world. It commences the history of Ireland at a period thirteen hundred years before the Christian era, and continues it to the thirtieth of May, 1845. It embraces an account of all transactions in Irish history most interesting to Irishmen, which have taken place during the long succession of ages comprehended in three thousand two hun dred years. Independent ofthe historic narrative, which begins at the beginning, and concludes in the present year, glancing at the parallel history of England and Scotland as it proceeds, the book contains the following special features, never before presented in any Irish History.

THE IRISH LANGUAGE. First. — A special essay on the antiquity, nature, history, and present condition of the Irish language, with sac-simile specimens of the ancient Phœnician or Coptic character, in that stage when it succeeded symbolic writing ; also, sac-simile speci mens of the Irish alphabet, and oghams, (secret writing,) and a brief account of the patriotic efforts now being made to revive the language in Ireland. IRISH MUSIC. Second. — A special history of Irish music — its remote practice in Ireland — the mode of its original construction — the origin and ancient form of the harp — its cul tivation and improvement by the Irish bards — the ancient rules or canons of music which they formed — a sac-simile drawing of ancient musical notes — the time when, and the persons who, introduced the harp music and its laws among the nations of Europe — the general nature of Irish music, and its condition at the present time.

Third. — As connected with, and illustrative of, the foregoing, I have introduced ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY IRISH MELODIES, (POETRY AND MUSIC COMBINED.) These melodies are arranged for the piano-forte, violin, flute, or clarionet, and presented as specimens of our ancient and modern composition, embracing every measure, whether of love, sorrow, joy, merriment, war, or patriotism, well calculated to soothe the heart in exile, or to animate it in bondage. IRISH POETRY. Fourth. — A special essay (historical) on the nature of Irish poetry. Various specimens of versification in the Irish language, with translations, are introduced. It is shown that the Irish bards first invented harmonic versification, and formed the science of dividing time and matter in music, poetry, and prose. ARCHITECTURE. Fifth. — A special history of Irish architecture, from the early erections of crom leaghs and round towers to the building ofthe Parliament- House in Dublin.

Several engravings of the various styles of architecture are introduced, including beautiful perspective views of Cormac's Chapel, Holy Cross Abbey, and the Irish Parliament- House. It is proved in this essay, that the sublime style of architecture miscalled Gothic is in fact Irish; and the names of the pious architects who introduced that style throughout Europe, with the names ofthe churches which they erected, are given. RELIGION AND LITERATURE. Sixth. — The history of the ancient worship of Ireland, and of the introduction of Christianity into that kingdom, with some reflections on its nature — the extensive universities in Ireland — the state of literature at various periods — the establishment of universities by Irish scholars, in the sixth and seventh centuries — the revival, by those pious missionaries, of the learned languages, writing, literature, religion, arts, science, and music, through Europe, after the barbarous violence of Goth, Vandal, and Saxon had subsided.

THE HISTORIANS. Seventh. — A series of biographical sketches of the ancient and modern historians of Ireland, with accounts of the records which they compiled and the places where these are now deposited, and the best compilations that now exist. THE GREAT MEN. Eighth. — A series of abridged biographies of our most distinguished men, from Ollamh Fodhla to O'Connell, comprising two hundred separate " Lives," which in clude the kings, warriors, writers, saints, bards, and artists who flourished during the ages prior to the English invasion, and those heroic soldiers, patriots, martyrs, poets, musicians, orators, authors, and artists of our country, who shone at intervals, in the gloom of seven centuries of Anglo-Saxon oppression, including those who now live, and surround O'Connell in the heroic struggle for national independence.

PORTRAITS OF GREAT MEN. Ninth. — A series of well-executed engravings of a few of the foregoing, which represent the costume of different ages, head and half-length miniatures of Ollamh Fodhla, King Dathy, Brien Boroimhe, Hugh O'Neill, Sarsfield, Wolfe Tone, Flood, Grattan, Curran, Lord Edward Fitzgerald, Robert Emmet, O'Connell before the Catholic Association in 1825, (by Haverty,) O'Connell in prison, (by Mitchell,) John O'Connell, Sheil, Dr. Doyle, Dr. M'Hale, Smith O'Brien, Tom Steele, Father Mathew, Carolan, Tom Moore, &c. HISTORICAL VIEWS OF OTHER NATIONS. Tenth. — It affords, through the whole work, continued parallel glimpses ofthe histories of England, Scotland, and Europe generally, by which the reader may become well informed, as he proceeds, of the revolutions of neighboring nations, from the flood to the present year.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX. Eleventh. — A comprehensive Alphabetical Index is appended to the work, which will enable the reader easily to refer to the most prominent subjects treated of in its pages. I have put the whole of this matter into one book. It makes over sixteen hundred and fifty pages. I believe it will be admitted that this is the most comprehensive History of Ireland that ever was published. I might have spun out ten volumes from the material un bodied in this one; but my object is to place in the hands of every Irishman, in the cheapest form, and in one book, an account of all things connected with our country which we value most, by which the splendid history of our race, now for the first time put together since our fall, shall, like the Jewish chronicle, be preserved forever unbroken.

My long residence in Dublin, my long connection with the political agitation of Ireland, and my personal cognizance of matters and men, enable me to narrate, with tolerable accuracy, the transactions ofthe last twenty important years in Irish history — a period yet uncovered by any other writer. I have asked no patronage or subscription from any man towards this work. It comes out equally independent of the rich or the poor. In this respect it is more for tunate than many of its predecessors. It speaks truth of the living and the dead — is published in a land of freedom, and speaks in the freeman's tone. I ask you, my countrymen, to assist in its circulation, not as a favor to me, but to us all, — the sons of a persecuted and calumniated land, — for this book will be your vindicator and cheering companion in exile or in bondage.

As to pecuniary profits, I shall have little. Every man acquainted with publishing will tell you this is the cheapest book ever published. The music alone imbodied in it cannot be purchased for six times its price. Several thousand copies must be sold before the first outlay shall be repaid. 1 therefore confidently call on you to assist in the circulation of this book. I suggest the formation of little clubs of subscribers of fives, tens, or twenties, by which the expense of carrying it to a distance will be lessened ; and, as a means of dispelling much of that prejudice that exists in this country towards Irishmen, I would suggest that it be loaned to Americans by those who purchase. I am, my countrymen, Your faithful and obedient servant, THOMAS MOONEY. Boston, November 1, O) APPROBATION. [From the Boston Pilot of November 15, 1845.

J THE HISTORY AND MUSIC OF IRELAND. We record to-day the most extraordinary meeting, connected with Ireland, that ever took place in Boston, which was held on Monday evening at the Odeon, Franklin Street, a building capable of holding several thousand persons, to receive Mr. Mooney's new work on the History and Music of Ireland. The building is a vast theatre, con sisting of pit, boxes, and three galleries, every part of which was crowded to its uttermost capacity, by the flower of the Irish citizens of this place, including all the clergy of the district, and very many distinguished American citizens. Amongst those whom we noticed at the meeting were the Right Rev. Bishop Fitz patrick, the Rev. Dr. Manihan, the Rev. Mr. O'Reilly, Rev. Mr. O'Brien, Rev. Mr. Goodwin, Rev. Mr. Fitzsimmons, Rev. Mr. M'Mahon, Rev. Mr. Wilson, Rev. Mr. Gibson, Rev. Mr. Hardy, Rev. Mr. O'Beirne, Rev. Mr. Brady, Rev. Mr. M'Grath, Rev. Mr. Dougherty, J. W. James, Esq., W. J. Walsh, Esq., O. A. Brownson, Esq., &c. Although the doors were opened at six o'clock, yet, for an hour previously, Federal Street was crowded with people waiting for admission, and several thousands went away unable to enter.

A concertos the music in Mr. Mooney's book was then produced, which far surpassed, in melody and execution, any musical entertainment we ever witnessed. The music, selected by Mr. Mooney from the minstrels of Ireland, is undoubtedly the very finest we ever heard, and its execution, by Mr. Michael Mooney, Mrs. Franklin, Mr. Horncastle, Mr. Garcia, Mr. Shaw, Mr. M'Gaughey, Miss Walsh, and Master O'Keefe, was truly delightful, and won from the audience the most rapturous applause. The house was brilliantly lighted ; the rich and deep intonation ofthe organ, when pealing forth the me lodious airs of old Ireland, filled our hearts with joy ; and the sight and sounds of the harp, the Harp of Erin, surrounded as it was that night by men who are prepared to peril all to emancipate her, called up the memories of Tara and Clontarf, and caused many a noble heart in that building to pant for the freedom of that unhappy land.

When the vast and brilliant auditory were perfectly satiated with melody, Mr. Mooney came upon the platform to call the meeting to order. He was heartily applauded, and, after a few responsive remarks, moved — John Warren James, Esq. to the chair, and Stephen J. Rogers, Esq., secretary. Mr. Mooney then said he had called that meeting together to present to his country men a History of Ireland. The work had been gathered from at least one hundred different authors, whose writings were inaccessible to the great mass of the public. It was a faithful and a fearless history of the Milesian race, down to the memorable 30th of May, 1345, and would, he hoped, be interesting to every Irishman in exist ence, whether in exile or bondage, for it was the first time that their history was com pletely presented by one hand. [Applause] Many men have died in the attempt to com plete this work.

He was more fortunate than several others of far greater abilities. He called on them to circulate their history, to lend it to their American neighbors ; it will purify the mephitic atmosphere, and will cheer the exile in his path ! [Cheers.] He would now present the book to them through one to whom Irishmen were grate ful, one to whom he was deeply obliged. [Applause.] Mr. James then rose, and, holding the ponderous volume in his hand, said, — Ladies and Gentlemen : This meeting, as I am informed, has been organized for the purpose of giving the friends of Ireland an opportunity to express their opinions as to the best mode of calling attention to the history of their native land. You are already aware that a work on Ireland has been for some time expected from the de voted friend of that country who has selected this occasion to submit to your patron age the fruits of his labors.

I have not yet had an opportunity to read the entire work, but the subscribers to it cannot fail to be gratified at the elegance of its mechanical execution; and, from what I have read of it, I may say that the narrative is copious, faithful, interesting, and heartily national. The author writes with simplicity and in earnest. The volume comprises a more comprehensive mass of historical facts and biographical anecdote than any History of Ireland with which I am acquainted ; and the narrative is brought down to May last ; and the larger portion of the work is devoted to the more recent stirring events connected with the constitutional conflicts between Great Britain and Ireland. But the great merit of the book is, that it is written by an Irishman who loves his country, and boldly denounces its enemies.

With such works as this at your command, you will no longer be obliged to read the tale of Erin's wrongs through tory spectacles. The author is an Irishman and a repealer. He is also one of the people, and he writes to the hearts and understandings of the people ; and it remains for the people themselves to encourage his patriotic undertaking. The chairman concluded by saying that the objects of the meeting were open for discussion, and that gentlemen would proceed to express their opinions. The Rev. Mr. O'Reilly then rose and addressed the meeting in nearly the follow ing eloquent terms, which were delivered in a tone of fervency and dignity that called down the vehement cheers of this brilliant assembly : — Friends and Countrymen : The cause of my appearing before you this evening, in this spacious and splendid hall, is to give expression to my gratitude and admiration for the inestimable accession to Irish literature which has recently appeared amongst us, in the city of Boston, the cradle of liberty, and the Athens of America. [Cheers.]

I allude to a new History of Ireland, written by Thomas Mooney, Esq., who some few years ago came to this country from Dublin to lecture on the repeal of the legislative union between England and Ireland, and whose advocacy of that cause has been attended with unexampled success throughout the entire country. The great advan tages following his lectures on Ireland, the mighty change effected in the minds of the American people, and the desire manifested by all who heard them, but especially by his countrymen here, of having those lectures printed and placed in the hands of the American people, have been the principal cause of inducing this gentleman to undertake the arduous and difficult task of writing the history of his native land. After many years of severe study, and great and deep research, he now sends forth to the world the only complete history of Ireland that has ever been written. [Cheers.]

A new era has opened on Ireland pregnant with great events, blessed with a host of as pure patriots, splendid orators, writers, and statesmen, as ever adorned any ao-e or nation. While the press of Ireland is teeming with productions of the highest order, her sons in America are laboring for, and contributing their portion to, the reo-enera tion and independence of their native land. [Loud cheers.] What a glorious change ! How pleasing the contrast ! What a beautiful scene now presents itself to our view, when we' behold that nation which lay prostrate for centuries at the feet of a most merciless tyrant, groaning under a code of the most brutal and sanguinary laws that ever disgraced the annals of a civilized people, now emerging from the tomb of provincialism, degradation, and, he had almost said, of annihilation, to the glorious dignity of a nation, meriting and receiving the sympathies of all countries, by the eloquent appeals of her children and the coruscations of their genius ! [Loud cheers.]

Of all the modes of employing our talents and intellectual powers for the benefit of our fel low-creatures, there is none more beneficial in its effects, than history, properly exe cuted. It unfolds to us facts and events buried in remote antiquity, dispels the darkness which bewilders us in our way, and exhibits to our view the valor, patriotism, and virtues of kingdoms, governments, and people, with their vices and their follies. Of all nations, Ireland alone has never had hitherto her history fairly and correctly written. English and Scotch historians have always considered it their duty, as well as their interest, to calumniate the Irish people. Their manners and customs ; their fidelity and patriotism ; their learning and eloquence ; their progress in arts, science, literature, and civilization ; their innumerable literary institutions, and their ancient greatness and independence among the nations of Europe, have been most atrociously assailed and misrepresented.

Very many of those calumnies and misrepresentations have been imported to this country, and have taken root in the soil. Thus the Amer icans, with some few exceptions, are ignorant of the history of Ireland, or whatever little they know of it has been derived from foul and polluted sources. Hence it is that the most unfounded prejudices and erroneous impressions are almost as rife here, against the Irish, as in England and Scotland. To remove those false impressions from the minds of the American people, and to refute all atrocious calumnies against Ireland and her people, Mr. Mooney has completed his splendid History of Ireland [cheers,] commencing thirteen hundred years before the Christian era, and continuing to the 30th of May, 1845 — a period of more than three thousand years. It is written in a beautiful, easy, and familiar style.

All the positions which he assumes, throughout the entire work, appear to me to be victoriously and irrefragably proved. I have care fully perused that portion of it which treats of the religion of Ireland, and I have found nothing therein contrary to faith or morals. Well may the writer of this inim itable History exclaim, in the words of J;he Roman poet, " Ezegi monumentum are ■perennius." [Great cheering.] Let no Irishmen, then, nor their descendants, throughout this great and flourishing republic, rest content without possessing this invaluable work. Let the great truths and lessons contained in it be delivered to their children's children, to the latest gen eration. [Cheers.] And thus shall the fame and renown, the chivalry and glory, of their Phœnician ancestors, become to them, like the Israelites in captivity, a subject of joy, pride, and consolation. [Vehement cheers.]

O, when I take a retrospective glance at the history of my native land, for the last six centuries, what do I behold ? — a country surpassing all others in the fertility of its soil, the salubrity of its climate, in spacious ports, in deep and navigable rivers, the greatest in all the seas, the most prolific of orators and statesmen ; intended by God and nature as the emporium of wealth, as the mart of universal commerce, yet turned into a land of poverty and misery, of wretchedness and despair, by centuries of oppression and persecution ! Does not such a country merit our exertions, and de serve our sympathies ? Shall we not, then, cheer on, by our sympathies and support, those who are laboring in her cause, and endeavoring to rescue her from slavery, calumny, and bondage ? Never, O, never shall we abate our exertions in behalf of our much persecuted country, aided as we are by the brave, the noble, the generous, the liberty-loving sons of Columbia, while there remains unbroken one link of that chain which binds her in slavery, — until she is again placed among the nations of the earth, — " Great, glorious, and free, First slower of the earth, and first gem of the sea." [Vehement cheers.]