Sailing Directory for the Island of Newfoundland, etc

Front matter

SAIL IN G DIKE (TORY NEWFOUNDLAND, COMPRISING A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ITS BAYS, HARBOURS, ANCHORING PLACES, Ac, to. I OMPILED CHIEFLY FROM VARIOUS BRITISH AND FRENCH SURVEY7 LONDON, £ JAMES IMRAY & SON, CHART AND NAUTICAL BOOK POBLISHEBS 89 & 102, MTNORIES. Established 1703. SAILING DIRECTORY FOR THE ISLAND OF NEWFOUNDLAND, COMPRISING A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ITS BAYS. HARBOURS, ANCHORING PLACES, &c., &c. By JAMES F. IMRAY, F.R.G.S. COMPILED CHIEFLY FROM VARIOUS BRITISH AXD FRENCH SURVEYS. LONDON, E : JAMES IMRAY & SON, CHART PUBLISHERS AND NAUTICAL BOOKSELLERS, 89 & 102, MLNORIES. 1873. Established 1763. *** The Publishers respectfully invite communications that may TEND TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF THIS OR ANY OF THEIR WORKS.

Preface

. Although Newfoundland is the oldest colony of the British crown, and haa been held to be an exceedingly valuable possession, not only on account of its fishery, but as lying directly at the entrance to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and hence, commanding our communication with what is now called the Dominion of Canada, it has not been thoroughly surveyed and explored to the present day ; indeed, for a knowledge of a portion of it we are even indebted to the French, who held the island for a short time, and who. still enjoying certain treaty rights of fishing on the north and west coast, and still ruling in the small contiguous islands of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, have always taken great interest in the locality. The Sailing Directions contained iii the following pages embrace the observa tions of all English and French surveyors from the time of Capt. Cook to the present year.

The most extensive survey of Newfoundland was made by Cook, and some parts have not yet been re-examined ; other parts have been carefully gone over and sufficiently well described by Lieuts. Holbrook and Bullock, Staff Commander Kerr, and Capts. Bayfield and Orlebar, of the Royal Navy. The observations of ad these surveying officers are comprised in the following remarks, together with the researches of certain French hydrographers and naval officers, as M. De la Roche Poncie, Pierre, Lavaud, Cloue, &c. — all having contributed valuable information over the area of their examination ; much of the latter being coutained in the Pdote de Terre-Neuve, to which constant reference has been made. The Longitudes of all places in Newfoundland are dependent upon that of the Chain-rock battery, St. John's, viz. ;— 52° 40' 50" W. We have endeavoured to make this work the most complete yet published in this country ou the island of Newfoundland and its hydrography, and trust that our efforts have been successful.

It has been carefully revised in going through the press ; but as from the nature of the subject it is impossible that a work pur porting to be a " Sailing Directory " can be, or can remain any length of time free from error, it is requested that any faults that may be detected in it be notified to the publishers, who will very thankfully receive and acknowledge communica tions tending to its improvement. J.F.I. London, March, 1873. CONTENTS. General remarks 1—8 BANKS OF NEWFOUNDLAND. Great bank 8 ; Virgin rocks, Reported shoals, Trou de la Baleine or Whale Deep, Green hank 9 ; St. Pierre hank, Flemish Cap, Misaiue bank, Artimon hank, Banquereau, Sable bank, Canso bank 10. ROUTE TO NEWFOUNDLAND, CURRENTS, &c. Route to Newfoundland 11 ; Passage through the strait of Belle Isle 12 ; Vicinity of cape Race 14 ; Fogs, Currents, &c, 15 ; Winds, Ice 10.

CAPE BONAVISTA TO BACCALIEU ISLAND. Cape Bonavista, Harry Ground 18 ; Dacres rock, &c, Gull island, cape Largent, Bird Island cove, Dollarman bank 19 ; Catalina harbour, Green island 20 ; Raffed harbour, English bay and Salmon cove 21 ; Robinhood bay, Trinity harbour, Bonaventure head, Smith sound 22 ; Ragged islands, Old Bonaventure, Cat cove, New Bonaventure, Kerley, British harbour 23 ; Pope harbour, Hickman harbour, Hickman islands, Warwick harbour, Haydon point and Long harbour 24 ; Lower Lance cove, Snooks harbour 25 : Irelands Eye island and harbour, Tray Town harbour, Gunner rock, Black ledge, Green island, Anthony island 20 ; Duck island, Shag islets, Indian islets, the Thoroughfare, Indian rock. Random island, North-west arm, Little harbour 27 ; Long cove, Deer harbour, Verge island, Deer rock, Gun ledge, Random Head harbour 28 ; East Random head, West Random head.

Random sound, Salmon cove. Quarry rock 29 ; Hickman harbour, Maggotty cove, South bight. Bald Nap aud Forster rocks 30 ; Shoal harbour, Fox harbour. Little Heartsease, Hodge hole, Rocky harbour, Long cove, St. Jones Within harbour 31 ; Hatchers cove, North bight, Long island, Green islets, Heartsease ledge, White rocks, Beaver rock, Heartsease inlet 32 ; Bald head, St. Jones head, Round harbour, St. Jones harbour, Deer harbour 33 ; Poor Boy ledge, Big rock, Big island. Grub island 34 ; Shoal bay, Copper island 35 ; Centre hill, Bull island, Rix harbour, BuU arm 36 ; Tickle point, Bower ledge, Tickle bay, CONTENTS. VI Big and Little Chance coves, Rantem cove 37 ; Cottier, Long cove and Chappie bay, Spreadeagle bay, Dddo arm, New harbour, HopeaU bay. Greens harbour, Witless bay 38 ; Shoal bay, Hearts' Delight bay.

Hearts' Desire bay, Hearts' Content 39 : AVhite rock, Fitters cove, New Perlican 40 ; Turks cove, Hants harbour, Seal cove, Salvage point, Salvage rocks, Riff Raffs, Knife rock 41 ; Hants Harbour rock, Block rock, Tail of the Bank, Old Perlican, Martins ledge 42 ; Baccalieu island, Wall rock, Inner Collins, Outer Collins 43. BACCALIEU ISLAND TO CAPE FRANCIS. Black cove, Bay Verd cove, Gull Island cove, Kettle cove, Island cove, Devil's Point cove, Jove cove 44 ; Gull Island cove, Northern bay. Ochre Pit cove, Job rock, Western bay, Bradley cove, Broad cove, Adam cove, Mully cove, Salmon cove, Percy cove, Folly rocks 45 ; Mad rock, Harton rocks, Bradley rock, Maiden island, Crockers cove, Carbonear island, Carbonear bay, Kane rock, Saucy Joe, Mosquito cove, Harbour Grace 46 ; Long Harry, Salvage rock, Feather point, Grace islands 47 ; Bryants cove, Spaniards bay 48 ; Mad point and rocks, Bay Roberts, Jugglers cove, Fergus islet, Roberts harbour 49 ; Green point, Bay de Grave, Hibbs hole.

Black cove, Blow-me-down head. Ship cove, Port de Grave, Bareneed 50 ; Cupids cove, Burnt point, Brigus bay, Colliers bay, James cove 51 ; Bacon cove, Castries bay, Cat cove, Salmon cove, Harbour Main, Holy Rood ba)'. Broad cove and Portugal cove 52 ; Bell island, Bell rock, Little Bell island, KeUy island 53. CAPE ST. FRANCIS TO CAPE RACE. Cape St. Francis aud Brandies rocks 53 ; Biscayne cove, Flat Rock cove. Tor bay, Tantam rocks, Red head, Longey cove 54 ; Quiddy Viddy, St. Johns harbour, Wash-balls 55 ; Vestal rock, Carey rock, Pancake rock, Chain rock, Roby rock, Prosser rock, Merlin rock 56 ; Seal rock, St. Johns 57 ; cape Spear, St. George bank, Old Harry rock, Pett}* bay 58 ; Bay Bulls, Witless bay 59 ; Gull island, Green island. Mobile bay. Toad cove, Spear and Pebble islands, Great island 60 ; cape Neddick, Offer rock, Broyle harbour, Saturday ledge, Harbour rock til ; cape Broyle, Old Harry rock, Horse rock, Caplin bay 62 ; Goose island, Bois island, Ferryland harbour and head 63 : Crow island, Aquafort harbour, Black head.

Chance bay, Clearcove rocks, Fermeuse harbour 64 ; Bear cove, Renewse harbour, Kettlebottom rock, Sculpin shoal, Whaleback, Whitehorse, Sha« 65 ; Renewse rocks, Bantam rocks 66 ; cape BaUard, Shoe cove, Chancecove head, Chance cove, Frenchman cove 67 ; Clam cove, cape Race, Ballard bank 68 ; Pig bank, General Remarks on making cape Race, &c, 69. CAPE RACE TO CAPE PINE— TREPASSEY BAY. Cripple rock, Mistaken point, Freshwater point, Trepassey bay 71 ; Portugal cove, Biscay bay, Mutton bay, Trepassey harbour 72 ; cape Pine 73. CONTENTS. VII CAPE PINE TO CAPE ST. MARY-ST. MARY'S BAY. St. Shots cove 74 ; Freels rock, Gull island and Shag rock, Holyrood hay 75 ; Bank rock, Great rock, St. Mary's harbour 76 ; Mal bay, Shoal bay, Great Colinet island, Little Colinet island, Mussel-pond bay 77 : Salmonier river, Haricot hay, Colinet harbour 7 s ; North harbour, 79 ; Redhead rock, Beckford shoal, Mussel rock, Redcove rock.

Lance point, cape St. Mary 80 ; Lance roclt, Bull and Cow, Sunker, False cay, St. Mary's cays 81. CAPE ST, MARY TO DANZIG POINT— PLACENTIA BAY. Seven-Fathom rock, Perch rock 82 ; Nest rock, Curslet rock, Patrick rock, Goose shoal, South rock, False Girdle, Girdle rock, Virgin rock, Placentia harbour 83 ; Moll rock, Wolf rock, Placentia sound. Ship harbour 85 ; De Peche and Rowland rocks. Ram islands. Long harbour. White rock 86 ; Little South harbour, Great South harbour, Come-by-Chance harbour. North harbour. Piper's Hole 87 ; Sound, Woody and Barren islands, Plant and Gulsh coves, Ship island. Great Sandy harbour, Bell island 88 ; Burgeo islands, White isjands, Valen islands, Clatise harbour, Merasheen island and Ragged islands 89 ; Merasheen harbour, Indian harbour, Red island. Woody island.

Long island, Buffet harbour 90 ; Mussel harbour, Bread and Cheese islets, Presque and La Perche harbours, &c. 91 ; Great Paradise harbour, Paradise sound. Long island. Petit Fort, Nonsuch harbour, Cape Roger harbour. Green island 92 ; Little and Great Gallows harbours, Little harbour. Bay de leau, Boat harbour, Bane and Rushoon harbours, Cross island, Broad cove and Red harbour 93 ; John-the-Bay harbour. Flat islands, Middle island, Saddle Back, Audierne island 94 ; Fords island, Mortier bay, Boboy inlet 95 ; Little Mortier bay 96 ; Port-au-Bras, Iron island and outlying rock 97 ; Mortier bank. Burin island 98 ; Cockle rock, Pardy island, Shalloway island. Burin channel, Poor islet and rock 99 ; Mme rock, Oven rock, Hooper rock. Ship cove, Little Burin harbour 100 ; Burin inlet, Woody islet 101 ; Burin bay, Little Burin island, Emberly rock, Corbin island, Corbin harbour 102 ; Old Harry rock, Devil's cove 103 : Little St. Lawrence harbour.

Garden bank, Great St, Lawrence harbour 104 ; Laun ba}" 105 ; Taylor bay, Lamelin islands and reefs, Tylor rock. Point May 106 ; Danzig point and coves 107. ST. PIERRE, LANGLADE, MIQUELON, BRUNET AND SAGONA ISLANDS, &c. St. Pierre island 107; St. Pierre harbour 108; Massacre island 100 ; Fletans channel. Colombier islets, General Remarks on St. Pierre 110; Verte island 111; Langlade and Miquelon 112; Miquelon reef, Veaux Marins, Miquelon bank, Brunet island 113 ; Little Brunets, Plate islands, Jerseyman bank, Sagona, the Fishery 114; Population 115. LIGHTS. The following is a complete List of the Lights shown at this date, March 18th, 1873, within the limits of the Navigation described in this work. As a full description of them is given in the pages mentioned, it is unnecessary to add more detailed particulars : — PAGE.

Cane Bonavista j Revolves in 45 seconds (red and white alt.) ; vis. ' I 16 miles 18 Baccalieu island. . . Flashes every 20 seconds ; vis. '28 miles .... 43 Catalina harbour . . Green island : — Fixed ; vis. 15 miles 20 ( North end of Grace island: — Revolves in 30 Harbour Grace . . . -I seconds (two white and one red flash alt.) ; vis. ( 18 miles 47 J Point of Beach : — Two fixed (vertical, 11 yards t apart) ; 3 and 11 miles 47 iFort Amherst : — Fixed ; vis. Hi mdes. Gun in fog every hour. Also, two fixed red lights within _.lll- X 1 J 4.1 1- *1 the harbour to lead through the narrows, N.W. I W 55 Cape Spear .... Revolves every minute ; vis. 22 miles 58 Ferryland head . . . Fixed ; vis. 10 mdes 03 Cape Race Revolves in 30 seconds ; vis. 19 miles 08 Cape Pine Fired; vis. 24 miles 73 „ o, nT (Revolves every minute (red and white flash alt.) ; Cape St. Mary . . . | yig ,.. mi] J < _ 8() Burin island ....

Revolves in 20 seconds ; vis. 27 miles 08 s Galantry head : — Flashes every 20 seconds (two St. Pierre island. . . \ white and one red flash alt.) ; vis. 20 miles. I. Guns in fog 107 „ St. Pierre harbour ; two leading lights, N.W. . . 108 „ , , ( Brunet island : — Flushes every 10 seconds ; vis. 25 Fortune bay .... j mi]es * m Cape Raj' Flashes every 10 seconds ; vis. 20 miles .... 134 Rich point Flashes every 15 seconds ; vis. 18 miles .... 141 Cape Norman. . . . Bevolves in two minutes ; vis. 20 miles .... 140 Puffin island .... Fixed red; vis. 12 miles 177 Offer Wadham island. Fixed ; vis. 12 miles SAILING DIRECTIONS FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND ADJACENT COAST OF LABRADOR. *** The Bearings and Courses throughout this Work are Magnetic', unless otherwise expressed. The amount of westerly variation (1872) at the various points within the limits of this work is as follows : — Virgin Rocks , 30° 30 Cape Norman ..... ,''7° Cape Race 29° 50' Anchor and Forteau Points 36" St. John's 31° 30 Point Rich 34° 10' Cape Bonavista 33° 20 Bonne Bay & Cape Whittle . 31° 40' Cape Pine 29° 30' Cape Freels 33° 50 Canada Bay 35° Placentia 30° 20' Cape Bauld 37° 10' Miquelon Island 28° 20' Belle Isle 37° 50' Cape Ray . 27° 50' The general line of equal variation on tlie eastern shores of Newfoundland runs about N.W. by W. \ W. and S.E. by E. § E., true; and in the Gulf of St. Law rence N. W. by W. and S.E. by E., true. The Distances are in Nautical miles, — 60 to a Degree of Latitude. A Cable is assumed to be •,',, of a Nautical Mile and equal to 100 Fathoms.