Sailing Directory for the Island of Newfoundland, comprising a general description of its bays, harbours, anchoring places ... Compiled chiefly from various British and French surveys

Front matter

j I I SAILING DIBEGTOBY FOR THE ISLAND OF NEWFOUNDLAND COMPRISING A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ITS BAYS, HARBOURS, ANCHORING PLACES, &o., Ac. Bv JAMES F. IMRAY, F.R,G,S, COMPILED CHIEFLY FROM VARIOUS BRITISH AND FRENCH SURVEYS. LONDON, E JAMES IMRAY & SON, CHART AND NAUTICAL BOOK PUBLISHERS, 89 & 102, MINORIES Established 1763. SAILING DIRECTORY FOR THE ISLAND OF NEWFOUNDLAND, COMPRISING A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ITS BAYS, HARBOURS, ANCHORING PLACES, &*, &c. By JAMES F. IMRAY,- F.R.G.S, COMPILED CHIEFLY FROM VARIOUS BRITISH ANV FRENCH SURVEYS. LONDON,- E JAMES IMRAY & SON, CHAR* PUBLISHERS AND NAUTICAL BOOKSELLERS, 89 & 102, MINORIES. 1876. Established 1763. *** The Publikbebs respectfully invite communi cations that matt tend to the improvement of this ob any of theib works.

Preface

. 0 Although Newfoundland is the oldest colony of the British crown, and has t>een held to be an exceedingly valuable n ossession, not only on account of its fishery, but as lying directly at the entrance to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and hence, commanding our communication with what is now called the Dominion of Canada, it has not been thoroughly surveyed and explored to the present day ; indeed, for a knowledge of a portion of it we are even indebted to the French, who held the island for a short time, and who, still enjoying certain treaty rights of fishing on the north and west coast, and still ruling in the small contiguous islands of Saint-I'ierre and Miquelon, have always taken great interest in the locality. The Sailing Directions contained in the following pages embrace the observa tions of all English and French surveyors from the time of Captain Cook to the present j'ear.

The most extensive survey of Newfoundland was made by Cook, and some parts have not yet been re-examined ; other parts have been carefully gone over and sufficiently well described by Lieuts. Holbrook and Bullock, Staff Commander Kerr. and Capts. Ba3'field and Orlebar, of the Royal Navy. The observations of all these surveying officers are comprised in the following remarks, together with the researches of certain French hydrographers and naval officers. as M. De la Roche Poncie, Pierre, Lavaud, Cloue, &c. — all having contributed valuable information over the area of their examination; much of the latter being contained in the Pilote de Terre-Neuve, to which constant reference has been made. The Longitudes of all places in Newfoundland are dependent upon that of the Chain-rock battery, St. John's, viz. ;— 52° 40' 47" W. We have endeavoured to make this work the most complete yet published in this country on the island of Newfoundland and its hydrography, and trust that our efforts have been successful.

It has been carefully revised in going through the press; but as from the nature of the subject it is impossible that a work pur porting to be a " Sailing Directory" can be, or can remain any length of time free from error, it is requested that any faults that may be detected in it be notilied to the publishers, who will very thankfully receive and acknowledge communica tions tending to its improvement. J. F. I. London, April, 1876. CONTENTS. Gkkkral reuaris 1—8. BANKS OF NEWFOUNDLAND. Great bank 8 ; Virgin rocks, Reported shoals, Trou de la Baleine or Whale Deep, Green bank 0 : St. Pierre bank, Flemish Cap, Misaine bank, Artimon bank, Banquereau, Sable bank, Canso bank 10. ROUTE TO NEWFOUNDLAND, CURRENTS, &c. Route to Newfoundland 11 ; Passage through the strait of Belle Isle 12 ; Vicinity escape Race 14; Fogs, Currents, &c, 15; Winds 16; Ice 17.

CAPE BONAVISTA TO BACCALIEU ISLAND. Cape Bonavista, Harry Ground, Dacres rock, &c, 18 ; Gull island, cape Largent, Bird Island cove, Dollarinan bank, Catalina harbour 19 ; Green island, Ragged harbour 20 ; English bay and Salmon cove, Robinhood bay. Trinity harbour 21 ; Bonaventure head, Smith sound, Ragged islands, Old Bonaventure 22 ; Cat cove, New Bonaventure, Kerley, British harbour, Pope harbour 23 ; Hickman harbour, Hickman islands, Warwick harbour, Haydon point and Long harbour, Lower Lance cove 24 ; Snooks harbour, Irelands Eye island and harbour, Tray Town harbour 25 ; Gunner rock. Black ledge, Green island, Anthony island, Duck island, Shag islets, Indian islets, the Thoroughfare 26 ; Indian rock, Random island, North-west arm, Little harbour, Long cove 27 ; Deer harbour, Verge island, Deer rock, Gun ledge, Random Head harbour, East Random head, West Random head 28 ; Random sound, Salmon cove, Quarry rock, Hickman harbour 20 ; Maggotty cove, South bight, Bald Nap and Forster rocks, Shoal harbour 30 ; Fox harbour, Little Heartsease, Hodge hole.

Rocky harbour, Long cove, St. Jones Within harbour, Hatchers cove, North bight, Long island 31 ; Green islets, Heartsease ledge, White rocks, Beaver rock, Heartsease inlet, Bald head 32 ; St. Jones head, Round harbour, St. Jones harbour, Deer harbour 33; Poor Boy ledge, Big rock, Big island, Grub island 34 ; Shoal bay, Copper island, Centre hill 35; Bull island, Rix harbour, Bull arra, Tickle point 36 ; Bower ledge, Tickle bay, CONTENTS. VI Hudson bank, Big and Little Chance coves, Rantem cove, Cottier, Long cove and Chappie bay 37 ; Spreadeagle bay, Dildo arm, New harbour, Hopeall bay, Greens harbour, Witless bay 38; Shoal bay, Hearts' Delight bay, Hearts' Desire bay, Hearts' Content 30 ; White rock, Fitters cove, New Pelican. Turks cove 40 ; Hants harbour, Seal cove, Salvage point, Salvage rocks.

Riff Raffs, Knife rock, Hants Harbour rock, Block rock 41 ; Tail of the Bank, Old Perlican, Martins ledge 42 ; Baccalieu island, Wall rock, Inner Collins, Outer Collins 43. BACCALIEU ISLAND TO CAPE FRANCIS. Black cove, Bay Verd cove, Gull Island cove, Kettle cove, Island cove, Devil's Point cove, Job cove, Gull Island cove, Northern bay, Oche Pit cove, Job rock 44 ; Western bay, Bradley cove, Broad cove, Adam cove, Mully cove, Salmon cove, Percy cove, Folly rocks, Mad rock, Harton rocks, Bradley rock, Maiden island, Crockers cove 45 ; Carbonear island, Carbonear bay, Kane vi_ck, Saucy Joe, Mosquito cove, Harbour Grace, Long Harry, Salvage rock, Feather point 46 ; Grace islands 47 : Bryants cove, Spaniards bay, Mad point and rocks 48 , Bay Roberts, Jugglers cove, Fergus islet, Roberts harbour 40 ; Green point, Bay de Grave, Hibbs hole, Black cove, Blow-me-down head, Ship cove, Port de Grace, Bareneed, Cupids cove, Burnt point 50 ; Brigus hay, Colliers bay, James cove, Bacon cove, Castries bay 51 ; Cat cove, Salmon cove, Harbour Main, Holy Rood bay, Broad cove and Portugal cove, Bell island, 52 ; Bell rock, Little Bell island, Kelly island 53.

CAPE ST. FRANCIS TO CAPE RACE. Cape St. Francis and Brandies rocks, Biscayne cove 53 ; Flat Rock cove, Tor bay, Tantam rocks, Red head, Longey cove, Quiddy Viddy 54 ; St. Johns harbour, Wash-balls, Vestal rock 55 ; Carey rock, Pancake rock, Chain rock, Roby rock, Prosser rock, Merlin rock, Seal rock, St. Johns 56 ; cape Spear 57 , St. George bank, Old Harry rock, Petty bay 58 ; Bay Bulls, Witless bay 59 ; Gull island, Green island, Mobile bay, Toad cove, Spear and Pebble islands, Great island 60 ; cape Neddick, Offer rock, Broyle harbour, Saturday ledge, Harbour rock 01 ; cape Broyle, Old Harry rock. Horse rock, Caplin bay, Goose island 62 ; Bois island, Ferryland harbour and head, Crow island 63 : Aquafort harbour, Black head, Chance bay, Clearcove rocks, Fermeuse harbour 64 : Bear cove, Renewse harbour, Kettlebottom rock, Sculpin shoal, Whaleback, Whitehorse, Shag 65 ; Renewse rocks, Bantam banks 66; cape Ballard, Shoe cove, Chancecove head, Chance cove, Frenchman cove, Clam cove 67 ; cape Race, Ballard bank 68; Pig bank, General Remarks on making cape Race, &c, 69.

CAPE RACE TO CAPE PINE— TREPASSEV BAY. Cripple rock 70 ; Mistaken point, Freshwater point, Trepassey bay, Portugal eove, Biscay bay 71 ; Mutton bay, Trepassey harbour 72 ; cape Pine CONTENTS. VII CAPE PINE TO CAPE ST. MARY— ST. MARY'S BAY St. Shots cove 74 ; Freels rock, Gull island and Shag rock, Holyrood bay, Bank rock 75; Greet rock, St. Mary's harbour, Mal bay, Shoal bay 76; Great Colinet island, Little Colinet island, Mussel-pond bay, Salmonier river 77 ; Haricot bay, Colinet harbour 78 ; North harbour 79 ; Redhead rock, Beckford shoal, Mussel rock, Redcove rock, Lance point, cape St. Mary 80 ; Lance rock, Bull and Cow, Sunker, False cay, St. Mary's cays 81. CAPE ST. MARY TO DANZIG POINT— PLACENTIA BAY. Seven-Fathom rock, Perch rock, Nest rock 82 ; Curslet rock, Patrick rock, Goose shoal, South rock, False Girdle rock, Virgin rocks, Gibraltar rock, Placentia harbour 83 ; Moll rock, Wolf rock, Placentia sound, Ship harbour 85 ; De Peche and RowL .id rocks, Ram islands, Long harbour, White rock, Little South harbour 86 ; Great South harbour, Come-by-Chance harbour, North harbour, Piper's Hole 87 ; Sound, Woody and Barren islands, Plant and Gulsh coves, Ship island, Great Sandy harbour, Bell island, Burgeo islands 8b ; White islands, Valen islands, Clatise harbour, Merasheen island and Ragged islands 89 ; Merasheen harbour, Indian harbour, Red island, AVoody island, Long island, Buffet harbour 90 ; Mussel harbour.

Bread and Cheese islets, Presque and La Perche harbours, &c. 91 ; Great Paradise harbour, Paradise sound, Long island, Petit Fort, Nonsuch harbour, Cape Roger harbour, Green island 92 ; Little and Great Gallows harbours, Little harbour, Bay de leau, Boat harbour. Bane and Rushoon harbours, Cross island, Broad cove and Red harbour 93 ; John-the-Bay harbour, Flat islands, Middle island, Saddle Back, Audierne island 94 ; Fords island, Mortier bay, Boboy inlet 95 ; Little Mortier bay 96 ; Port-au-Bras, Iron island aud outlying rock 97 ; Mortier bank, Burin island 98 ; Cockle rock, Pardy island, Shalloway island, Burin channel 99 ; Poor islet and rock, Mine rock, Oven rock, Hooper rock, Ship cove, Little Burin harbour 100 ; Burin inlet, Woody islet 101 ; Burin bay, Little Burin island, Emberly rock, Corbin island 102 ; Corbin harbour, Old Harry rock, Devils cove 103 ; Little St Lawrence harbour, Garden bank, Great St, Lawrence harbour 104 ; Laun bay 105 ; Taylor bay, Lamelin islands and reefs, Tylor rock 106 ; Point May, Danzig point and coves 107.

ST. PIERRE, LANGLADE, MIQUELON, BRUNET AND SAGONA ISLANDS, &c. St. Pierre island 107 ; St. Pierre harbour 108 ; Massacre island 109 ; Fletans channel, Colombier islets, General Remarks on St. Pierre 110; Verte island, Langlade and Miquelon 112 ; Miquelon reef, Veaux Marins. Miquelon bank, Brunet island 113 ; Little Brunets, Plate islands, Jerseyman bank, Sagona 114 ; the Fishery, Population CONTENTS.

VIII DANZIG POINT TO CAPE RAY— FORTUNE, HERMITAGE BAYS, &c. Fortune bay, Ship and Great Bank coves, Great Garnish and Frenchman coves 116 ; point Enragee, Great Jervey, Plate, Grand Jean and Langue de Cerf harbours, Jack Fountain, Argent; and Millee harbours 117 ; Grand le Pierre, English harbour, Water bay, New harbour, Femme harbour, Brewer's Hole, Le Conte 118 ; Long harbour, Belle bay, Hares harbour, Mall bay 119 ; Belle harbour, Lally cove, Lally Back cove, East bay, North bay, Five Islands bay, Corben bay 120 ; Bande de Larier bay, St. Jacques 121 ; Blue Pinion and English bays, Boxey harbour, Boxey point, St. John island and bay, Great de Leau bay 122 ; Little Barrysway bay, Briton harbour 123 ; Morts bay, Connaigre bay, Connaigre rocks, Connaigre harbour 124 ; Dawson harbour, Pass island, Hermitage bay, Long island, Galtaus island, Picarre island 125 ; Despair bay, Great Jervis harbour, Bonne bay 12t>; Facheux bay, Hare bay, Devil bay, Rencontre bay, Chaleur bay, Bay Franeais, Oar bay 127; cape La Hune, Penguin islands, Whale rock, La Hune bay and harbour, Little River inlet 128 ; Ramea isles and rocks 129 ; New bank, Old Man's bay, Mosquito harbour, Fox Island harbour, White Bear bay 130 ; Red Island harbours, Burgeo islands and harbour 131 ; Wolf bay, Kings harbour, Ha-ha, Barasway bay, Connoire bay 132 ; Knife ba}', Great Bruit, Rotte bay, La Poile bay 133 ; Indian harbour and De Plate, Garia bay 134 ; Rose Blanche point, Dead Islands harbour 136 ; Port Basque, Grand bay, cape Ray 136 ; Tides 137.

CAPE RAY TO CAPE NORMAN. Cape Anguille, Cod Roy road, St. George's bay, Isthmus bay 138 ; Port-au-Port 139; Bay of Islands 140; Lark harbour, York harbour, river Humber, &c. 141 ; cape St. Gregory, Trout cove. Bonne bay, Roche harbour 142 ; Cow head harbour, Mall bay, Ingornachoix bay 143 ; Hawkes harbour, Keppel harbour, port Saunders 144 ; Gargamelle cove, point Rich, St. John bay 145 ; point Ferolle, New Ferolle cove, St. Margaret bay, Old Ferolle, Genevieve bay 146 ; St. Barbe bay, Savage cove 147 ; Strait of Belle Isle 148. . CAPE NORMAN TO CAPE ST. JOHN. Cape Norman, Belle isle, Pistolet. bay 150 ; Ha-ha bay, Sacred bay. Mauve bay, Kirpon island 151 ; cape Bauld, Kirpon harbour, White islands 152 ; Griguet harbour, Ronciere bay 153 ; Camel Island harbour, White Cape harbour, White cape 154; Great cove.

Cow cove, St. Lunaire bay, Vanguard rock 155 ; Amelia cove, North-west bay, Nymph bay, South-west bay, Braha bays 156 ; Braha shoal 157 ; St. Mein bay, St. Anthony harbour 158 ; Cremaillere harbour, Notre Dame island, Virgin bay 159 ; Three Mountains bay, cape Goose, Hare bay, Goose cove, How harbour 160 ; Fichot islands 161 ; Grandes Ilettes harbour, St. Julien harbours, Croc harbour 162; Groais island 163 ; Bell island, Cape Rouge harbour, Rouge island 164 ; Conche and Hiliers harbours, Canada bay, Englee CONTENTS. IX harbour 165 ; Goufre harbour, Canada harbour, Hooping harbour, Four chett harbour, Orange bay, Grande Vache and Little Harbour Deep 166 ; White bay, Little Cat arm, Great Cat arm, Cony arms, Frenchman cove, Jackson arm, Sops arm, Lobster harbour 167 ; Southern arm, Middle arm, Western arm, Partridge point, Fleur-de-Lys harbour 168 ; Green bay 160 : Etain harbour, Mings bight 170 ; Hardy harbour, Paquet harbour 171 ; Confusion bay, Round harbour.

La Scie harbour, cape St. John 172 ; Gull island, St. Barbe or Horse islands 173. CAPE BONAVISTA TO CAPE ST. JOHN. Bonavista, Black Head bay, Kings cove, Broad head 1 74 ; Plate cove, Indian arm, Southward bay, Kate harbour, Sweet bay 175 ; Great Chance harbour, Chandler Reach, Goose bay, Clode sound 176 ; Lion's Den, Long islands, Newman sound, South Broad cove, Minchins cove 177 ; Sandy cove, Adventure coves, North Broad cove. Barrow harbour 178 ; Salvage bay, Morris cove, Fair and False bay 179 ; Gooseberry isles 180 ; New harbour, Cat cove, Pools harbour 181 , Greenspond, cape Freels, Penguin islands 182 ; Funk islands, Breton reef. Snap rock, Wadham islands 183 ; Fogo islands, Fogo harbour 184 ; Change Islands Tickle, Toulinguet island, Bishop rocks 185 ; Tilt cove 186.

Appendix

. Table of high and Low Water 187-188 LIGHTS. Tlie following is a complete List of the Lights shown at tins date, April 1st, 1876, within the limits of the Navigation describe'', in this work. As a full description of them is given in the pages mentioned, it is unnecessary to add more detailed particulars PAGE. _ t, . _ ( Revolves in 45 seconds (red and white alt.), Cape Bonavtsta . . . . | lf. mileg 18 Catalina Harbour .... Green island. Fixed, visible 15 miles ... 20 Trinity Harbour .... Fort point. Fixed, visible 11 miles .... 22 Baccalieu Island .... Flashes every 20 seconds, visible 28 miles . 43 {North end of Grace island. Revolves in 30 seconds (two white flashes and one red flash alt.), visible 18 miles 47 i Point of Beach. Two fixed (vertical, 11 yards \ apart), visible 3 and 11 miles 47 IFort Amherst.

Fixed, visible 16 miles. Gun in foe every hour. Also, two fixed red lights within the harbour to lead through the narrows, N.W. JW 55 Cape Spear Revolves every minute, visible 22 miles ... 58 Ferryland Head .... Fixed, visible 16 miles 63 Cape Race Revolves in 30 seconds, visible 19 miles ... 68 Cape Pine Fixed, visible 24 miles ... 73 s. „. ,T I Revulves every minute (red and white flash alt.), Cape St. Mary ... . | 2f. / '■ m Burin Island Revolves in 20 seconds, visible 27 miles ... 98 (Galantry bead. Flushes every 20 seconds (two white flashes and one red flash alt.), visible 20 miles. Guns in fog 107 St. Pierre harbour; two leading light3, N.W. . 108 lie aux Chiens .... Fixed, (white and red sectors), visible 7 miles . 108 _, . t> (Brunet island. Flashes every 10 seconds, Fortune Bay . . . . | 25 miles ......... . 114 Garnish i ...... .

Fixed (red) 117 Bande de Larier Harbour . Fixed, visible 7 miles 121 ■_, -a xi i, f West head. Fixed (with red ray over Harbour Bnton Harbour . . . | rQck) _ \ _ 123 Burgeo Islands .... Boar island. Fixed (red), visible 17 miles . 131 Rose Blanche Point . . . Fixed, visible 13 miles 135 Port Basque On Channel head. Fixed (red), visible 12 miles 136 Cape Ray Flashes every 10 seconds, visible 20 miles . . 136 Rich Point Flashes every 15 seconds, visible 18 miles . . 145 Cape Norman Revolves in two minutes, visible 20 miles . . 150 Puffin Island . . . . Fixed (red), visible 12 miles 182 Offer Wadham Island . . Fixed, visible 12 miles 184 Fogo Islands Cans island. Fixed, visible 12 miles .... SAILING DIRECTIONS FOR NEWFOUNDLAND AND ADJACENT COAST OF LABRADOR. *#* The Bearings and Courses throughout this Work are Magnetic, unless otherwise expressed.

The amount of Westerly Variation (1876) at the various points within tlie limits of this work is as follows : — Virgin Rocks 30° 30' Cape Race 2!)° 50' St. John's 31° 30' Cape Bonavista ..... 33° 20' Cape Freeh 33° 50' Canada Bay 35° Cape Bauld 37° 10' Belle I.U 37° 50' Cape Norman 37° Anchor and Fo'teaa Points . 36° Point Rich 34" 10' Bonne hay <£■ Gape Whittle . 31° 40' Gape Pine 29° 30' Placentia 30° 20' Miquelon Island 28° 20' Gape Ray 27° 50' The general Une of Equal Variation on tlie eastern shores of Newfoundland runs about N.W. by W.$ W. and S.E. by E.^E. (true); and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence N.W. by W. and S.E. by E., (true). The Distances are in Nautical Miles, — 60 to a Degree of Latitude. The Nautical Mile is al out 6080 English feet, usually reckoned as 6000=2000 yards=1000 fathoms , also the Nautical Mile=lHoa metres=l'Sob kilometres.* A Cabl 'is assumed to be TV of a Nautical Mile, and equal to 100 Fathoms. The DeM Ills are those at low water spring tides.