R…

R

Ra, sb. roe, deer, CM; see Roo.

Rabete, sb. a war-horse; rabett, HD; rabyghte, HD; rabetis, pl., WA.—Icel. rábítr, an Arabian steed; cp. Icel. rábitar, Arabs, see CV; cp. OF. arrabi (BH).

Rac, sb. driven vapour, S2; see Wrak.

Rachenteges, pl. chains, S; see Raken-teie.

Racke, v. to stretch rent to its full value, S3. Cp. ODu. racken, to rack, recken, to stretch, reach out.

Rad, adj. afraid, S2, SD, H, JD, B; redd, WA; rade, S2, H; radde, S2.—Icel. hræddr.

Rad, pt. s. rode, S2; see Riden.

Rad, adj. quick, S; rade, ready, S; see Raðe.

Radde, pt. s. advised, S2; see Reden.

Raddour, sb. violence, WA; see Reddour.

Rade, sb. road, S2; see Rode.

Radnesse, sb. terror, SD; radnes, B.

Radyous, adj. radiant, shining, S3; radious, S3; radius, S3.—Lat. radiosus; cp. F. radieux. See Ray.

Ræd, sb. advice, counsel, S; see Rede.

Ræh, adj. fierce, cruel, SD, S; reh, SD.—AS. hréoh.

Ræueden, pt. pl. spoiled, S; see Reuen.

Ræueres, sb. pl. robbers, S; see Reuere.

Rafte, pt. s. reft, robbed, C2; see Reuen.

Rage, sb. madness, S2.—AF. rage; Lat. rabiem.

Rage, v. to toy wantonly, C; ragid, pp., been wanton, WA.

Ragerie, sb. wantonness, CM.

Raght, pp. reached, S2; see Rechen.

Ragman, sb. a craven, the devil; rageman, PP; raggeman, PP.—Icel. ragr (for argr), craven, cowardly.

Ragman-roll, sb. the craven’s roll, a term in Scottish history, JD, ND; a game, HD; ragman’s rewe, a long jest, DG; ragmanrew, series, Manip. Hence ragman, a deed sealed, a papal bull, PP; ragemon, S2; rageman, a list, S3; ragman, a tedious story, JD; ragment, JD.—Cp. E. rigmarole.

Rair, v. to roar, S3; see Roren.

Raiss, pt. s. rose, S2; see Rysen.

Rake, sb. only in compounds, as in erend-rake, messenger, SD.—AS. ǽrend-raca; cp. Icel. eyrend-reki, so land-reki, a king, see CV (s.v. reki). See Ærnd-race.

Rake, v. to run, wander, go, S, S3, HD, PP, JD, B; rayke, H, S2; raik, WA, JD; reyke, JD; reke, HD; raykande, pr. p., S2.—Icel. reika, to wander, cp. Swed. raka, to run hastily (Rietz).

Rake, sb. course, way, WA; rakke, WA.

Rakel, adj. hasty, rash, CM, SkD (s.v. rake); rakle, CM; racle, CM; rackel, JD; rakyl, Manip.; rakehell, a bad fellow, Manip., ND.—Icel. reikull, wandering, unsettled. See above.

Raken, v. to scrape, diminish, to rake, S, Prompt.; raked, pp., C2.—Icel. raka, to scrape, to rake away.

Raken-teie, sb. chain; raketeie, S; raketeye, S; rachenteges, pl., S; rakenteis, HD.—AS. racentéah (Voc.); racente, a chain + téah, a tye. With racente, cp. Icel. rekendr, OHG. rahhinza. See Rekenthis.

Ram, sb. a ram, Prompt.—AS. ram (Voc.).

Ramage, adj. wild, CM, HD.—OF. ramage, wild (of a hawk), living in the branches (Cotg.); Late Lat. *ramaticum, from ramus, a branch.

Rammish, adj. strong-scented, C3, CM.

Ramne, sb. bramble, W2; ramyn, H; rammyn, H.—Lat. rhamnus (Vulg.); Gr. ῥάμνος (LXX).

Rampe, sb. an ill-conditioned woman, C2 (n), HD.

Rampen, v. to ramp, to seize or scratch with the paws, to rage, C2; raumpe, S2; rawmpide, pt. s., HD.—AF. raumper, OF. ramper, to clamber.

Rande, sb. a strip or slice of meat, S3, HD; rand, Cotg. (s.v. giste), ND.—AS. rand, a rim, edge; cp. Swed. rand, a strip, stripe, Icel. rönd (pl. randir).

Randoun, sb. force, impetuosity, SkD. Phr.: in a randoun, in a furious course, B; at randon, left to one’s own force, SkD.—OF. randon, ‘the swiftness and force of a strong and violent stream’ (Cotg.); from OTeut. *randa, a rim; cp. AS. rand. See above.

Ranke, adj. strong, luxuriant, rebellious, WA, Prompt.; rank, S3; ronk, S2; rang, HD.—AS. ranc; cp. Icel. rakkr (for rankr), straight, upright, bold.

Ransaken, v. to search, S, PP, C, H.—Icel. rannsaka, to search a house; Icel. rann: Goth. razn; cp. AS. ræsn a plank, a beam, see Sievers, 179.

Rap, sb. rope, S; see Rope.

Rap, pt. s. reaped, W; see Repen.

Rape, sb. haste, S, PP, Prompt.; rap, S2.—Icel. hrap, a falling down.

Rape, adj. hasty, G; rapest, superl., PP.

Rapeliche, adv. hastily, PP; rapely, G; rapelike, S; rapli, S2, G; rapelier, comp., PP.

Rapen, v. to hasten, S, PP, Prompt.; rappe, PP; rappe adoune, to hurry along, PP. Phr.: rape and renne, to seize and plunder, C3; rapen and rinen, C3 (n); rap and rend, HD; rap or rende, Palsg.; rap and run, HD; rap and ran, C3 (n); rap and reeve, C3 (n); rap and ree, C3 (n).—Icel. hrapa, to fall, rush headlong, hurry.

Rascall, sb. scrapings, refuse; rascaile, PP; rascayle, an animal not a beast of the chase, a hart not six years old, Prompt. (n); the common people, Prompt.; raskaille, the common herd, SkD; rascall, refuse beast, Palsg., ND; rascalles, pl., common sort of men, low fellows, villains, S3.—AF. rascaille (raskaylle, raskayle), a rabble; cp. F. racaille; from OF. rasquer, to scrape (Ducange); cp. OIt. rascare (Florio).

Rascall, adj. common, low, HD; Comb.: rascall wine, tortivum vinum, Prompt. (n).

Rase, v. to run, to race, SD, S2; rese, S2; reysed, pp. ridden, C.—AS. rǽsan.

Rase, sb. a race, rush, SkD; ras, SkD, S2; rese, S2; res, SD, G (n); rees, attack, fit of passion, G.—AS. rǽs.

Rasen, v. to scrape, Prompt.—OF. raser; Late Lat. rasare, freq. of Lat. radere.

Rasour, sb. razor, C2, C, W2; rasure, H (Ps. 51. 2).—OF. rasoir; Late Lat. rasorium.

Raspen, v. to rasp, scrape, SkD; rospen, S.—OF. rasper; OHG. raspón, see Weigand.

Rasse, sb. a raised mound or eminence, a cairn of stones, S2; raise, HD. See Reysen.

Rat, pr. s. reads, PP; see Reden.

Raþ, sb. advice, S, SD.—Icel. ráð.

Rathe, v. to advise, HD. See above.

Raðe, adj. quick, swift, SD; rad, quick, S; rade, pl., S; raddere, comp. pl., S.—AS. hræð, hreð, also hræd, hred, quick, also rad. Cp. Chron. ann. 755 (Parker) with the Laud MS.

Rathe, adv. early, PP, S2, S3; quickly, S, S2; reaðe, S; rath, B; raðer, comp., sooner, rather, PP, S, S2, C2; redþer, S; raðest, superl., PP; raðeste, S.

Rathly, adv. quickly, S2; reaðliche, S; readliche, S; radeliche, HD; radely, S2; redliche, S.—AS. hræðlice.

Raton, sb. rat, PP, Cath.; ratoun, PP; ratones, pl., PP.

Ratoner, sb. rat-catcher, PP, Voc.; ratonere, PP.

Ratte, sb. rat, PP; rotte, Voc.; rattis, pl., PP.—AS. ræt (Voc.).

Ratten, v. to tear, SD.—Cp. MHG. ratzen, see Weigand (s.v. ratsche).

Rattes, sb. pl. rags, S; rats, pieces, shreds, HD.

Raughte, pt. s. reached, C2; see Rechen.

Raunson, v. to ransom, redeem, PP.

Raunsoun, sb. ransom, S2, C; raunson, S2; raunsun, S2; raunceoun, PP; ransoune, B.—AF. raunson, ranson, OF. raënson, reänçon; Lat. redemptionem.

Raueyn, sb. rapine, prey, W, PP; ravyne, S3; ravyn, Cath.; raueyns, pl., W2.—AF. ravine; Lat. rapina see BH, § 150.

Raueynour, sb. robber; raueinour, W; rauynour, W2.

Ravin, adj. ravenous, S3, Sh.

Ravin, v. to seize and devour greedily, Sh., WW.

Ravined, adj. ravenous, Sh.

Rauischen, v. to seize with violence, PP; ravish, WW; raueische, imp. pl., W2; rauyschiden, pt. pl., W2.—AF. ravir (pr. p. ravissant); Late Lat. *rapīre; Lat. rapere.

Rawe, sb. row, Cath.; raw, B, JD, SkD, S3, S2; rowe, SkD; rewe, C, G, W; rewis, pl., S3.—AS. ráwe, rǽwe.

Ray, sb. striped cloth, rella, pannus, Voc.; stragulum, Voc., Cath., HD; raye, S3; rayes, pl., S2, PP. Comb.: ray-cloth, striped cloth, W2, Prompt.—AF. drap de raye, cloth of ray, pl. reies, OF. rai, raid; Lat. radium (acc.).

Rayeres, sb. pl. sellers of ray, PP.

Rayid, adj. striped, Prompt.

Raykez, pr. s. roams, S2; raykande, pr. pt., advancing, S2. See Rake.

Rayl, sb. rail, Prompt.; raylle, Cath.—Cp. Low G. regel, G. riegel, a bolt; see Kluge.

Rayle, v. to rail, arrange in a row, S2; railed, pp., S2.

Rayle, sb. a kerchief, Palsg.; see Reȝel.

Raylle, v. to flow, S3; raile, ND; reilen, SD.

Raymen, v. to roam about, S2; see Romen.

Raynes, sb. fine linen of Rheims, WA.—So named from Rheims; see SkD (p. 815); cp. It. renso, fine flax (Diez, p. 393).

Read, sb. advice, S; see Rede.

Reade, adj. red, S; see Reed.

Readen, v. to advise, care for, S; see Reden.

Readi, adj. ready, S; see Redi.

Real, adj. real, a term in medieval philosophy; reall, S3.—OF. real; Schol. Lat. realem, from res.

Real, adj. royal, CM; riall, S3, PP, CM; ryall, S3, CM; ryell, S3; roial, CM; roialler, comp., S2, C3.—OF. real, AF. roial, reial; Lat. regalem.

Realte, sb. royalty, royal state, PP; reaulte, PP; reaute, PP; roialtee, C3.—AF. realte; Late Lat. regalitatem.

Realyche, adv. royally, S2; realy, S2; rially, CM.

Reame, sb. kingdom, S2; see Rewme.

Rearde, sb. voice, cry, S2; see Rerd.

Reaðe, adv. quickly, S; see Rathe.

Reaðliche, adv. quickly, S; see Rathly.

Reaume, sb. realm, kingdom, C2, S2; see Rewme.

Rebekke, sb. a kind of fiddle, SkD; see Rybybe.

Rebounden, v. to re-echo; rebownden, to sound again, reboare, Prompt.; rebounde, pt. s., S2.—AF. rebundir, to re-echo, cp. OF. bundir, to resound (Roland, 3119); inchoative verb, from Late Lat. bombitare.

Receyt, sb. receipt, recipe, retreat, Prompt., Manip.; receit, C3, WW, Manip., S3; receite, WW; reset, place of refuge, B.—AF. receite; Late Lat. recepta (Ducange).

Reche, sb. smoke, S3; see Reke.

Recheles, adj. careless, S, PP; reccheles, PP; retcheles, S3; rekkeles, S3; recchelees, S2, C2; rechlesse, S3.—AS. réceléas, also recceléas.

Rechelesnesse, sb. carelessness, PP; recchelesnes, PP.

Rechen, v. to care, reck, S, HD; reke, H; recche, S, HD, S2, C2; rekke, HD, C2; rekþ, pr. s., S; reches, S2; roȝte, pt. s., S; roughte, C2; roght, H; rohten, pl., S; roucht, pt. s., subj., S2.—AS. récan: OS. rókian; also, AS. *reccan.

Rechen, v. to explain, S; ræcchen, to relate, S; rechede, pt. s., S.—AS. reccan: OS. rekkian: OHG. rachjan, in Otfrid rachón.

Rechen, v. to reach, attain, SkD, PP; rauhte, pt. s., PP, S2; rauȝte, PP; raghte, PP; raughte, C2; raught, S3; raght, pp., S2.—AS. rǽcan (BT), also rǽcean, to get into one’s power, pt. s. rǽhte, see Sievers, 407.

Reclayme, v. to bring a hawk to the wrist by a call, C3; recleymyn, to make tame, Prompt.; recleymyd, pp. redomitus (used of hawks), Prompt.—OF. reclaimer, recleimer, reclamer; cp. AF. reclame, pp., reclaimed (as a falcon).

Recles, sb. incense, S; see Rekels.

Recluse, sb. a female anchorite, SkD; ‘ankyr, anachorita’ Prompt.—AF. reclus; recluse, a f. pp. from OF. reclure, to shut up; Late Lat. recludere.

Recluse, sb. convent, monastery, S3.—OF. recluse.

Reclused, pp. shut up, withdrawn from the world, PP.

Recognisance, sb. an obligation binding one over to do some particular act, S3, SkD.—AF. reconisance, OF. recoignisance.

Recomand, v. to commend, S2, C3; recomaundiþ, PP.—OF. recommander, recumander.

Reconforte, v. to comfort, C; reconforted, pp., P.—OF. reconforter; cp. AF. recunforter.

Reconsyle, v. to recover, regain the possession of; reconsyled, pp., S2; recounselid, W.—AF. reconciler; Lat. reconciliare, to reconcile, re-establish, restore.

Record, sb. witness, S3, WW; recorde, PP.—AF. record, OF. recort, mention (Bartsch).

Recorde, v. to call to mind, C, PP; recorded, pt. pl. declared, PP.—OF. recorder; Late Lat. recordare; Lat. recordari.

Recoure, v. to recover, PP; recour, HD; recure, HD; recured, pp., S3.—AF. recoverer; OF. recourer, recouvrer; Lat. recuperare.

Recours, sb. recourse, C2.—AF. recours, soleill recours, sunset.

Recouerer, sb. restorer, saviour, S2.

Recrayed, pp. defeated, PP. See below.

Recreaunt, adj. recreant, defeated, CM, PP; recreant, PP.—AF. recreaunt, OF. recreänt, giving up the contest; Late Lat. recredentem.

Recueil, sb. a collection, compilation, DG; recuyell, S3; recule, HD.—OF. recueil (Cotg.).

Recule, v. to recoil, S3, Palsg., SkD, ND.—OF. reculer.

Reculyng, sb. recoiling, S3.

Recure, sb. recovery, S3.

Recure, v. to recover, HD; see Recoure.

Reddour, sb. violence, rigour, HD, Trevisa (3. 313); raddour, WA.—OF. rador, later roideur (Cotg.); from rade, roide; Lat. rigidum.

Rede, adj. red, C2; see Reed.

Rede, adj. ready, WA; redeliche, adv., PP; redeli, S2.—AS. (ge)rǽde: Goth. (ga)raids.

Rede, sb. advice, S, S2, S3, B; read, S; red, S, S2, B; reed, C2; reid, B; ræde, S; reade, S; rade, S; reades, pl. S.—AS. rǽd.

Redels, sb. riddle, SkD; redeles, PP; rydels, Cath.; rydel, Prompt.; riddle, Manip.

Reden, v. to give advice, to take counsel, S, S2, S3, C2, B; readen, S; raden, to succour, S; raddest, 2 pt. s., S; radde, pt. s., HD, S2, P; redden, pl., S; rad, pp., S2.—AS. (ge)rǽdan, pt. rǽdde, pp. gerǽd.

Reden, v. to read, S, C2, C3; raden, S; rat, pr. s., PP; reed, pt. s., PP; radden, pl., W; redden, W; radde, S2; rad, pp., S, S3, C3; red, S3, W. Der.: redunge, passage read, S.—AS. (ge)rǽdan.

-reden, suffix (used to form abstracts).—AS. -rǽden. See hat-reden, SkD; cun-reden, kindred, SkD; fer-reden, S; ȝe-fered, S; uelaȝ-rede, S2.

Redgownd, sb. a sickness of young children, scrophulus, Prompt.; reed gounde, Palsg.; radegoundes, pl., sores, PP.—ME. rede, red + gownde, a sore; AS. gund. Cp. E. red-gum.

Redi, adj. ready, S, W, PP; redy, C2; reddy, B; readi, S; rædiȝ, SD; rediliche, adv., PP, S2; redily, C3.

Redliche, adv. quickly, S; see Rathly.

Redoutable, adj. to be feared, redoubtable, SkD.

Redouten, v. to fear; redoubt, Cotg.—AF. reduter, OF. redouter; Lat. re + dubitare.

Redoutyng, sb. reverence, C.

Reduce, v. to bring back, S3, ND.—Lat. reducere.

Redymyte, pp. wreathed, crowned, S3.—Lat. redimitus, pp. of redimire.

Reed, sb. advice, C2; see Rede.

Reed, sb. reed, PP, Prompt.; reod, PP; rehed, W, W2; reheed, W2; reodes, pl., PP; redes, PP. Comb.: red-ȝerde, a reed-sceptre, S.—AS. hréod.

Reed, adj. red, C2, C3, S2, W2, PP; rede, C2, C3, S2, PP, B; reid, S3; reade, S.—AS. réad.

Reednesse, sb. redness, C3.

Rees, sb. fit of passion, G; see Rase.

Reest, adj. rancid (as flesh), Prompt.; reste, Cath.

Reestyn, v. to be rancid, Prompt.

Reeuell, sb. joy, revelry, PP; reuel, C, C2; rule, SPD; reueles, pl., revels, C2.—OF. revel, joy (Bartsch).

Refen, v. to roof in, S.—AS. (ge)hréfan. See Roof.

Reflac, sb. robbery, S; see Reuen.

Refreissche, v. to refresh, C; refreschyn, Prompt.—AF. refreschir.

Refreyne, sb. the burden of a song, literally, a repetition, CM; refraine, SkD.—OF. refrain, from refraindre, to repeat, to sing a song (see Constans); Lat. re + frangere.

Refreynen, v. to bridle, refrenare, W, Prompt.; refrayne, Manip.; refrain, WW.—OF. refrener, to bridle; Lat. refrenare (Vulg.).

Refute, sb. refuge, Prompt., W2; refuit, W2; refuyt, CM, HD, W2; refut, S2, C3; refutt, W2.—AF. refute; OF. refuite, re + fuite; Lat. fugita, pp. f. of fugere.

Regal, adj. as sb. kingly (power), S2.—AF. regal Lat. regalem. Cf. Real.

Regne, sb. rule, a kingdom, S2, C2, C3; rengne, S; ryngis, pl., S3.—AF. regne; Lat. regnum.

Regnen, v. to reign, C2, PP; ring, S3; ryngis, pr. pl., S3; reygned, pp., S2; rengned, S2.—AF. regner; Lat. regnare.

Regrate, v. to retail wares, HD.—OF. regrater, to mend, scour, trick up an old thing for sale (F. regratter, to bargain): It. rigattáre, to strive for the victory, to regrate, to sell by retail (Florio); Sp. regateár, ‘to huck in buying or selling’ (Minsheu). Cp. E. regatta; It. rigátta, a struggling for the mastery (Florio).

Regratere, sb. retail dealer, PP.—OF. regratier; cp. Low Lat. regratarium (Ducange).

Regratorie, sb. selling by retail, PP, S2; regraterye, PP.—OF. regraterie.

Regratour, sb. retail dealer, S2, PP.—AF. regratour.

Reguerdon, sb. reward, ND; reguerdoun, S2.—Cp. OF. reguerdonner, to guerdon abundantly (Cotg.).

Reguerdonment, sb. requital, DG.

Rehed, sb. reed, W, W2; see Reed.

Rehersaille, sb. rehearsal, C3.

Rehersen, v. to rehearse, enumerate, C2, S2, PP; rehercen, PP, C2; rehearse, WW, Sh.—AF. reherser, rehercer. See Herce.

Rehersyng, sb. rehearsal, C.

Reheten, v. to refresh, to cheer, H, CM, WA, HD, JD; reheyit, H; rehetid, pp., H.—OF. rehaitier (Bartsch), cp. OF. haitier, to make joyful, see BH, Diez, p. 609.

Rehetynge, sb. comfort, refreshing, H.

Reioysen, v. to rejoice, PP, C2; reioisshen, PP; reiosyng, pr. p., S3.—OF. resjoïss-, stem of resjoïssant, pr. p. of resjoïr, from re + esjoïr; Lat. ex + gaudēre (Late Lat. *gaudīre); see Constans, glossaire (prefix res-).

Reke, sb. vapour, smoke, S2, H (Ps. 67. 2), Cath.; reyk, B; reik, B; reche, S2.—AS. réc; cp. Icel. reykr: OTeut. *rauki-; see Kluge (s.v. rauch).

Rekels, sb. incense, Cath.; recles, S, S2. Comb.: recle-fat, incense-vessel, censer, S, SD.—AS. récels.

Reken, v. to smoke, Cath.—AS. récan.

Rekenen, v. to reckon up, to give account, C2, W, PP; rekne, S2, PP; rikenen, S, PP; rikynyd, pp., W2; y-rekened, C2. Cp. Du. rekenen.

Rekeninge, sb. reckoning, C3.

Rekenthis, sb. pl. chains, WA; rekanthes, WA.—AS. racente; cp. Icel. rekendr. Cf. Rakenteie.

Rekkeles, adj. careless, S3; see Recheles.

Rekken, v. to reck, care, C2; see Rechen.

Relenten, v. to melt, C3, Palsg., Prompt., SkD.—OF. ralentir (Cotg.).

Reles, sb. relaxation, forgiveness, also taste, odour, Prompt.; relees, Prompt. (n); relece, Prompt. Phr.: out of relees, without ceasing, C3.—AF. reles, relees, relais. See below.

Releschen, v. to relax, release; relecen, Prompt.; relesse, C3; releschand, pr. p., S3; relessed, pt. s., forgave, C2; relesed, pp., forgiven, PP; relessed, PP.—AF. relascher, relesser, releisser Lat. relaxare.

Releuen, v. to raise up again, to rise, PP, C3; relyue, S3; relieve, imp., take up again, S3.—AF. relever; Lat. releuare.

Relif, sb. what remains, a fragment taken up from the table; releef, Prompt.; relefe, Cath., SkD; reliefe, Cath. (n); relifs, pl., W, W2; relifes, W; relifis, W2; relyues, S2.—OF. relief, remainder (Bartsch), from reliev-, accented stem of relever, to raise up; Lat. releuāre.

Relikes, sb. pl. remains, H; relikis, W2.—AF. relikes; Lat. reliquias.

Relyen, v. to rally, call back, re-assemble, to take courage again, PP; rely, B; releyt, pt. s., B, S2; releit, pp., S2, B.—AF. relier, to rally (OF. ralier, in Bartsch); Lat. re + ligare, to bind.

Relyue, v. to rise, S3; relyued, pt. s., raised, S3; see Releuen.

Rem, sb. a kingdom, S2; reme, C; see Rewme.

Rem, sb. a cry, S; reames, pl., S.—AS. hréam, OS. hróm, Icel. rómr.

Reme, v. to cry, roar, S, PP; raum, HD; romy, H; romiand, pr. p., S2; rumyand, H; romyd, pt. s., H; remden, pl., S.—AS. hréman: OS. hrómian.

Remedie, sb. remedy, C2; remede, S3.—OF. remede, AF. remedie; Lat. remedium.

Remen, v. to give place, to quit, S, SD; roume, PP; rumen, SD; rimen, SD.—AS. rýman: OS. rúmian; cp. OFris. rêma, G. räumen, see Weigand. See Rowm.

Remenant, sb. remnant, C2, C3, S3; remenaunt, C, Prompt.; remanand, B; remelawnt, Prompt.; remlawnt, HD; remlin, Prompt. (n).—AF. remenant, OF. remanant, pr. p. of remanoir (Bartsch); Lat. remanēre.

Remlet, sb. remnant, HD, Prompt. (n). See above.

Remouyn, v. to remove, Prompt.; remeuen, S3, C3, Palsg., SkD.—AF. remoever (with change of conjugation) from OF. removoir; Lat. re + mouēre.

Remuen, v. to remove, CM, ND, SkD; remown, Prompt.; remwe, to depart, S3; remewed, pp., C2.—OF. remuër; Lat. re + mutare.

Renable, adj. eloquent, PP; see Resunable.

Renably, adv. reasonably, CM; runnably, HD. See above.

Rend, v. to make to run into a shape, to cast metal, melt, H; rind, rynde, to melt, as lard, &c., JD.—Icel. renna, to make to run, to pour (of a melted substance), causal of renna (rinna), to run. See Rennen.

Renden, v. to tear, PP; reendyn, Prompt.; rente, pt. s., S; rended, pp., S2; y-rent, C3.—ONorth. rendan, to cut or tear down (BT).

Renegat, sb. renegade, C3; runagate, WW.—OF. renegat; Late Lat. renegatum.

Renewlen, v. to renew, W; renule, W2; renewlid, pp., W; renulid, W2.—AF. renoveler; Late Lat. renovellare.

Reneye, v. to deny, reject, abandon, S2, PP, C2, CM.—OF. reneier; Late Lat. renegare.

Reng, sb. rank, SD; renges, pl., C; rengis, HD.—OF. reng, renc; cp. AF. renc, ring of people, rencs, ranks; OHG. hring, ring. See Ring.

Renk, sb. a man, PP; renke, PP; renkes, pl., men, creatures, PP, HD; renkkes, S2; reynkes, PP.—Icel. rekkr (for renkr), a man, used in poetry, also in law. Cp. AS. rinc, a warrior, a man (Grein). See Ranke.

Renne, v. See under Rapen.

Rennen, v. to run, SD, S, S2, S3, C2, W, PP; rin, S3; rynne, S3; ryn, S2; eornen, S, S2; ernen, S; urnen, S; ȝerne, S; ærneð, pr. pl., S; rynnys, S3; ron, pt. s., S2, PP; urnen, pl., S; eorn, S; iorne, pp., S; ronnen, PP; ronne, PP, C2; y-ronne, C2; y-ronnen, C; arnde, pt. s. (weak), S, SD; ernde, SD; ærnden, pl., SD.—AS. rinnan, pt. s. ran, pp. gerunnen, also irnan, yrnan, pt. s. arn, pl. urnon, pp. urnen.

Rennyng, sb. running, S3; rennyngis, pl., currents, streams, W2.

Renome, sb. renown, WW, S3; renoume, WW; renowme, WW. See below.

Renomee, sb. renown, WW; renoume, B.—OF. renomee; Late Lat. *renominatam.

Renoumed, adj. renowned, WW; renowmed, WW.—Cp. OF. renommé; see Constans.

Renoun, sb. renown, SkD; renowne, B.—AF. renoun, renun, OF. renon, renom; Lat. re + nomen; cp. Sp. renombre, renown (Minsheu).

Rente, sb. revenue, pay, reward, S, C2; rent, Prompt.; rentes, pl., S, PP, S2; rentis, PP.—AF. rente; Late Lat. *rendita; Lat. reddita; from OF. rendre; Lat. reddere.

Renten, v. to endow, PP.

Renule, v. to renew, W2; see Renewlen.

Reod, sb. a reed, PP; see Reed.

Reousien, v. to grieve, SD.—AS. hréowsian, see Sievers, 411. See Rewen.

Reowen, v. to grieve, vex, S; see Rewen.

Reowsunge, sb. repentance, SD.—AS. hréowsung.

Reowðe, sb. ruth, pity, S; see Rewðe.

Repair, sb. a place of resort, ND; repeir, return, S3.—OF. repaire.

Repairen, v. to go to, C2, C3; repeiring, pr. p., C2; raparyt, pt. pl., S3; reparit, pp., S2.—AF. repeirer, OF. repairier; Lat. repatriare, to return to one’s country.

Reparailen, v. to repair; reparaild, pp., H.—OF. repareiller; cp. apareillier, to prepare; from pareil, like; Late Lat. pariculum (Ducange).

Reparaylynge, sb. restoration, H.

Repe, sb. sheaf, manipulus, Voc., SD; reepe, SD; repis, pl., H.

Repen, v. to cut grain, PP, W, W2; ripen, S; rap, pt. s., W; repen, pl., S; ropen, PP; ropun, W; rope, W2.—OMerc. répan (rýpan, rípan) Goth. raupjan, to pluck; see Sievers, 159.

Repples, sb. pl. staves, cudgels (?), S.

Repreuable, adj. reprehensible, C3, W.

Repreue, v. to reprove, PP, Prompt., C3; repreued, pp., S2.—OF. repruever, reprover; Lat. reprŏbare.

Repreue, sb. reproof, C3; repreef, W.

Repreuynges, sb. pl. reproofs, S2.

Repromyssioun, sb. promise, W.—Lat. repromissionem (Vulg.).

Repugnen, v. to fight against, W2; to deny, PP.—Lat. repugnare.

Repylle-stok, sb. an implement for cleaning flax, Voc. See Ripple.

Rerage, sb. arrears, PP, HD; rerages, pl., PP. Cf. Arerage.

Rerd, sb. voice, sound, SD; rerid, WA; reorde, S; rorde, SD: rearde, S2; rurd, S2; rerde, dat., SD, HD.—AS. reord for reard, cp. OHG. rarta: Goth. razda; cp. Icel. rödd (gen. raddar).

Rerden, v. to speak, to sound; reordien, SD; rerdit, pt. pl., S3.—AS. reordian.

Reren, v. to make to rise, to rear, S2, B; rerde, pt. s., S, S2; rerid, pp., S2; rered, S2.—AS. rǽran: Goth. raisjan. See Rysen.

Resalgar, sb. realgar, red orpiment, C3, HD.—Sp. rejalgar, arsenic (Minsheu).

Rescouen, v. to rescue, SkD; rescowe, CM; reskew, B.—OF. rescou-, stem of rescouant, rescoant, pr. p. of rescorre. See below.

Rescous, sb. rescue, S3, C, SkD, CM.—OF. rescous (rescos) pp. of rescorre, to help, repair a damage, also resqueure (BH); Lat. re + excutere, to shake off.

Rese, sb. and v.; see Rase.

Resen, v. to shake, C; see Rusien.

Reset, sb. place of refuge, B; see Receyt.

Resownen, v. to resound; resowne, C; resouned, pt. s., C2.—OF. resoner; Lat. resonare.

Respyt, sb. respite, delay, leisure, C3, C; respyte, Prompt., Cath.; respit, B.—AF. respit; Late Lat. respectum (acc.), respite, prorogation (Ducange); a technical sense of Lat. respectus, consideration.

Rest, sb. rest; reste, S.—AS. rest; cp. OHG. resti (Tatian).

Resten, v. to rest, S.—AS. restan; cp. OHG. resten (Tatian).

Resun, sb. reason, talk, S2, PP, Prompt.; resoun, C2, S2, PP; reson, C2, PP, HD; reison, PP.—AF. resoun (reison, reasoun), also raisoun, reason, language; Lat. rationem.

Resunable, adj. reasonable, talkative, eloquent, Prompt.; resonable, PP; resnabyl, HD; renable, PP; runnable, PP. Notes (p. 23).—AF. resonable, OF. resnable, raisnable; Lat. rationabilem.

Retenaunce, sb. retinue, company, PP, HD.—AF. retenaunce; Late Lat. retinentia (Ducange).

Retenue, sb. retinue, suite, C2.—OF. retenuë, a retinue (Cotg.); Late Lat. retenuta (Ducange). In F. retenue means ‘reserve, modesty’, and has become obsolete in the English sense of a ‘suite’, a body of attendants.

Rethor, sb. orator, C, C2, Manip.—Late Lat. rhethor; Lat. rhetor; Gr. ῥήτωρ.

Rethoryke, sb. rhetoric, C2; retoryke, PP; retoryk, PP.—Lat. rhetorica.

Retten, v. to account, impute, C, H, Prompt., W; rectyn, Prompt.—AF. retter, reter, to accuse (pp. rette, rete); Lat. reputare see BH, § 153; by popular etymology Low Lat. rectare, ‘in jus vocare,’ rectatus, accused (Schmid). Cf. A-retten.

Reuful, adj. compassionate, S2; see Rewful.

Reule, sb. rule, PP, C; rewle, PP, S3; riwle, S; reuel, S2; reul, S2; riulen, pl., S.—AF. reule; Lat. regula; also OF. riule, rigle; Late Lat. rigula (for regula).

Reulen, v. to rule, PP, C; rewled, pt. s., S2.—AF. reuler; Lat. regulare.

Reuliche, adv. ruefully, S2; see Rewliche.

Reume, sb. kingdom; see Rewme.

Reue, sb. reeve, prefect, minister of state, steward, S, PP, Prompt.; reeve, C; reuen, pl., S. Comb., ref-schipe, reeveship, prefecture, S.—AS. (ge)réfa.

Reue, sb. clothing, spoil, plunder, SD; ræf, SD. Comb.: ref-lac, robbery, S, SD.—AS. réaf clothing, spoil; cp. Icel. rauf, spoil. Cf. Robe.

Reuel, sb. revel, C; see Reeuel.

Reuen, v. to rob, plunder, S, S2, S3; reaue, S2; rieue, S3; refand, pr. p., H; reuede, pt. s., S; rafte, C2; ræueden, pl., S: y-raft, pp., C.—AS. réafian, to despoil.

Reuere, sb. robber, SD; reuer, S3; ræueres, pl., S.—AS. réafere.

Reuing, sb. robbery, S; rauing, S.

Rewe, sb. row, C; rewis, pl., S3; see Rawe.

Rewel (?). Comb.; rewel boon, C2; rowel boon, CM; reuylle bone, C2 (n); ruelle bones, pl., HD, C2 (n); rewle stone, HD (p. 698).

Rewen, v. to rue, grieve, S, PP, S2, S3, C2; reowen, S; ruwyn, Prompt.; rewing, pr. p., S3; reouð, pr. s., S; rwez, S2; rewede, pt. s., S.—AS. hréowan; cp. OS. hrewan.

Rewere, sb. one who pities; reewere, S2.

Rewful, adj. piteous, S, S2, C3; reuful, S2; reowfule, pl., S.

Rewle, sb. rule, S2; see Reule.

Rewliche, adj. pitiable, PP; rewli, piteous, S; reweli, S; ruly, HD.—AS. hréowlic.

Rewliche, adv. piteously, S; reowliche, S; reuliche, S2; rewli, S; rwly, S2.—AS. hréowlice.

Rewlyngis, sb. pl. rough shoes, S3; see Riveling.

Rewme, sb. kingdom, S2, W, H, PP; realme, CM; reaume, C2, S2; reume, PP, S2; reame, S2, PP; reme, C, PP, Cath.; rem, S2; reum, H.—OF. reaume, AF. realme; Late Lat. *regalimen.

Rewðe, sb. ruth, pity, S, C2, C3, G; reowðe, S; rouðe, S2, G; reoðe, S; routh, S3; ruþe, S, S3; rawðe, S2; rewþes, pl., S2. See Rewen.

Rewðelese, adj. ruthless, C3; rewðles, PP.

Reyn, sb. rain, W2, PP, C2; rien, S; rein, S; reyne, PP; reane, S3; ran, S3.—AS. regn (rén).

Reynen, v. to rain, PP; reinen, S; ranyt, pt. s., B.—AS. regnian (also rignan, rínan), see Sievers, 92.

Reysed, pp. ridden, C; see Rase.

Reysen, v. to raise, G, CM; reisen, W2, S; reas, S3.—Icel. reisa; cp. Goth. raisjan. See Risen, Reren.

Reȝel, sb. a garment, rail, SkD; rail, JD; raile, HD; rayle, a kerchief, Palsg., Voc.; rayles, pl., ND.—AS. hrægl (Voc.). Cf. Y-rayled.

Riall, adj. royal, CM, S3, PP; see Real.

Rially, adv. royally, CM; see Realyche.

Ribaud, sb. villain, worthless creature, ribald, PP; rybaud, PP; ribaude, the Evil One, PP; ribalde, PP; ribaut, S3; ribaudes, pl., sinners, PP; ribauz, S.—AF. ribald (pl. ribaus, ribaldes), OF. ribaud.

Ribaudie, sb. sin, S2, PP; ribald jesting, C3.—OF. ribaudie.

Ribaudour, sb. profligate fellow, PP; rybaudour, PP.

Ribaudrie, sb. ribaldry, PP; rybaudrie, PP, S3.

Riche, adj. powerful, rich, S; ryche, PP; ryke, PP; rice, S.—OF. riche.

Riche, sb. kingdom, S, S2; ryche, PP; rice, S; rike, H, S2.—AS. ríce.

Richelike, adv. richly, S; richeliche, S2.

Richen, v. to grow rich, PP; recheð, pr. pl., PP.

Richesse, sb. wealth, PP, S2, S3, C2; ritchesse, W; richeise, S; riches, WW; richesses, pl., costly articles, S2; ricchessis, WW; riȝtchessis, W.—OF. richese, AF. richesce.

Rict, adj. right, S; see Ryght.

Riden, v. to ride, S, S2; ridend, pr. p., S; rydinge, C3; ryd, imp., S; rit, pr. s., PP, C3; ritt, PP; ryt, PP, C; rad, pt. s., S2, B; rod, S, S2; rood, C2; riden, pl., S, C3, C; rade, S2; raid, B; riden, pp., C2; rad, B. Comb.: redyng-kyng, a kind of feudal retainer, PP; redyng-kynges, pl., PP.—AS. rídan, pt. s. rád, pl. ridon.

Ridere, sb. rider, S; rideres, pl., S; rideren, S.

Ridil, sb. a sieve, Prompt.; rydelle, Cath.; ryddel, ruddle, Cath. (n). Cf. Rydder.

Ridilen, v. to sift; rydelyn, Prompt.; ridile, W; ridlande, pr. p., S2. Phr.: riddlide watris = Lat. cribrans aquas (Vulg.), Cath. (n).

Rif, v. to rive, S2; see Ryuen.

Rift, sb. veil, curtain; rifft, S.—AS. rift; cp. Icel. ript, ripti.

Riften, v. eructare, H (Ps. 18. 2); rift, to belch, Manip.—Icel. rypta.

Riht, adj. and sb. right, S; see Ryght.

Rihten, v. to direct, correct, S; rigten, to set straight, S; riȝti, S2; rightid, pt. s., S2.—AS. rihtan.

Rihtlecen, v. to direct, set right, S; riȝtleche, S2, HD; ryȝtlokede, pp., S3.—AS. rihtlǽcan.

Rihtwis, adj. righteous, S; see Ryght.

Rike, sb. kingdom, S2; see Riche.

Rikenare, sb. reckoner, S.

Rikenen, v. to reckon, S, PP; see Rekenen.

Rin, v. to run, S3; see Rennen.

Ring, v. to reign, S3; see Regnen.

Riot, v. to revel, live dissolutely, gluttonously, WW; ryot, B; riotte, to be dissolute, luxuriare, Manip.

Riote, sb. uproar, SkD; riot, dissolute, luxurious living, WW; riotte, Manip.; ryot, depredation, B.—AF. riote (ryot), confusion, OF. rïote, quarrelling (Bartsch), also feasting (Ducange); cp. ODu. revot, ‘caterva nebulonum, luxuria’; see SkD.

Riotour, sb. rioter; rioter, glutton, WW; ryotoures, pl., C3.—AF. riotour, OF. riotheir (Ps. 36. 1).

Riotour, adj. luxurious, dissolute, WW.—Cp. Low Lat. riotosus (Ducange).

Ripe, adj. fit for reaping, mature, S; rype, C2.

Ripen, v. to become ripe, Prompt.; ripede, pt. s., S.—AS. rípian.

Ripen, v. to divide by tearing open, to rip, to search diligently, examine, HD, JD, SkD (s.v. rip); rype, Palsg.; riped, pt. s., S2.—Cp. Swed. repa, to scratch.

Ripple, sb. an instrument for ripping off the flax-seeds, JD. Comb.: repylle-stok, an implement for cleaning flax, Voc.

Ripplen, v. to ripple flax, JD; rypelen, SkD, Prompt.

Rishe, sb. rush, S3; see Rusche.

Rist, pr. s. riseth, rises, C3; see Rysen.

Rit, pr. s. rides, C3; see Riden.

Riuelic, adv. frequently, S2. See Ryfe.

Riveling, sb. a kind of shoe, SD, HD; rullion, JD; rewlyngis, pl., S3; rowlyngis, JD.—AS. rifelingas, ‘obstrigelli’ (Voc.); cp. AF. rivelinges, rivelins.

Rixan, v. to reign, S.—AS. rícsian (ríxian); cp. OHG. rîhhisôn (Tatian), see Sievers, 411. See Riche.

Rixlien, v. to reign, S. See above.

Riȝt, sb. right, justice, S2; see Ryght.

Ro, sb. quiet, S2; see Roo.

Robben, v. to plunder, spoil, rob, SkD, PP; robby, S2.—AF. robber; cp. It. robbare, to rob (Florio).

Robbeour, sb. robber, PP; robbour, PP.—AF. robeöur, OF. robeör; Low Lat. robatorem; cp. It. robbatore, robber (Florio).

Robe, sb. robe, PP; robes, pl., clothes, PP; robis, PP.—AF. robe; cp. It. róbba, gown, robe, goods (Florio).

Roberie, sb. robbery, S.—AF. roberie.

Roche, sb. rock, S, S3, C2, H; rooch, S2, W2. Comb.: roche-wall, rock-wall, S.—AF. roche.

Rod, pt. s. rode, S, S2; see Riden.

Rode, sb. a road, a riding, SkD, WW, Sh.; rade, S2, JD; roade, WW; roode, place where vessels ride at anchor, bitalassum, Prompt.—AS. rád.

Rode, sb. red complexion, C2, S2; see Rude.

Rody, adj. ruddy, S2, C2, PP; rodi, W.

Roggen, v. to shake, PP, HD, S2, Prompt.; rug, JD.—Icel. rugga, to rock a cradle.

Rohten, pt. pl. recked, S; see Rechen.

Roial, adj. royal, CM; see Real.

Roialtee, sb. royalty, C3; see Realte.

Rokke, sb. a distaff, Prompt., Cath., HD; rok, S3; roche, Manip.; rocks, pl., S3, HD.—Icel. rokkr.

Rokken, v. to rock, Prompt.; y-rokked, pp., S2.

Romblen, v. to ramble; romblynge, pr. p., PP.

Romen, v. to rove about, to ramble, wander, roam, C2, C3, PP, SkD; rame, HD; raymen, PP, S2; rowme, PP; rombe, PP. Cp. OS. rómón, OHG. râmên, to strive after (Otfrid).

Romere, sb. roamer, wanderer, PP; rowmer, PP; romares, pl., PP; romberis, PP.

Rome-renneres, sb. pl. agents at the court of Rome, PP.

Ron, pt. s. ran, S2; see Rennen.

Rong, pt. s. rang, C3; see Ryngen.

Roo, sb. roe, deer, S2, Prompt.; ro, S2; ra, JD; rays, pl., S3.—AS. ráh (Voc.), also ráha (Voc.), see Sievers, 117.

Roo, sb. rest, quiet, S2, HD; ro, HD, S2.—Icel. ró AS. rów: OHG. ruowa (G. ruhe).

Rood, pt. s. rode, C2; see Riden.

Roode, sb. the rood, cross, gallows, PP, G, Prompt.; rode, PP, S, S2, S3; rude, B; roid, B; rod, a rod, SkD. Phr.: rule the rod, to bear sway, NQ (6. 3. 169); Comb.: rode-tre, the cross, S2; rude evyn, eve of the Rood (Sept. 13), B.—AS. ród: OS. róda; cp. OHG. ruoda (G. rute).

Roof, sb. roof, W, Prompt.; rhof, SkD; roff, PP; roue, S3; rofe, PP; roouys, pl., W2.—AS. hróf.

Roomth, sb. room, space, ND. See Rowm.

Roomthie, adj. spacious, Cotg. (s.v. large).

Roomthsome, adj. spacious, DG.

Rop, sb. a rope, PP; rapes, pl., S.—AS. ráp; cp. Icel. reip.

Rope, pt. pl. reaped, W2; see Repen.

Ropere, sb. rope-maker or rope-seller, PP.

Roploch, adj. coarse, applied to woollen stuffs, JD; sb. coarse woollen cloth, S3 raplach, raplock, reploch, JD.

Roren, v. to roar, C, PP; roorin, Prompt.; rarin, H (Ps. 76. i); rar, B; rair, S3, B.—AS. rárian, to lament loudly, to bellow.

Ros, pt. s. rose, S, C2; see Rysen.

Rose, sb. rose, Prompt.; roose, W2; rois, S3; ross, S3 (11 a. 6); rosen, pl., SkD; roosis, W2. Comb.: rose-reed, red as a rose, C3.—OProv. rose; Lat. rosa; cp. AS. róse.

Rosen, v. to praise, reflex. to boast, H; roose, JD; ruse, JD; roysen, H; rees, JD.—Icel. hrósa, to praise, reflex. to boast, from hróðr, praise, fame.

Rospen, v. to scrape, S; see Raspen.

Rost, sb. roast (meat), PP; roste, PP. Phr.: rules the rost, takes the lead, domineers, S3, ND, NQ (6. 3. 170), HD (s.v. rule-stone, SPD (s.v. roast).—AF. rost, roste.

Roste, v. to roast, C; y-rosted, pp., S3.—OF. rostir.

Rote, sb. root, W2, PP, S2, C2; rot, S2; roote, a term in astrology, S2, C3; foot, C2; rutis, pl., S3; rotes, PP.—Icel. rót; the same word as AS. wrót, snout, ‘bruncus;’ see Voc. (cp. wrótan, to grub up).

Rote, sb. a musical instrument, C, HD, ND, SkD; roote, HD.—AF. rote; OHG. hrota; cp. Low Lat. chrotta, OIr. crot (Windisch). Cf. Crowde.

Rote, v. to rot, H (Ps. 15. 10). Der.: rotyng, rotting, S2.—AS. rotian.

Rote, in phr. by rote; see Route.

Roten, adj. rotten, C3; rotyn, HD; rotun, W2; rottyn, B.—Cp. Icel. rotinn, perhaps a pp. form.

Roðer, sb. a paddle for rowing, used also as a rudder, S, S2; rothyr, Prompt.; rodyr, Voc., Prompt.; rudyr, oar, Cath.; rither, rudder, DG. See Rowen.

Roðer, sb. an ox, SD, HD; reðer, SD; reoðer, SD; reoðeren, pl., SD; reðeren, SD; roðeren, S3; roðeron, S2; riðeren, SD; ruðeren, SD. Phr.: rule the rother, ND. Comb.: rother-soyl, manure, HD, ND; retherne-tounge, the herb bugloss, HD.—AS. hreoðer: hríðer, OFris. hríðer: OHG. hrind (pl. hrindir); cp. G. rind.

Roþun, sb. a driving storm, S2.—Cp. Icel. róði, the wind, tempest.

Rouken, v. to lie close, cower down, CM, C, HD, JD.

Rouncle, v. to wrinkle, S2; see Runkylle.

Rouncy, sb. a horse, C, CM; rounsy, HD; rownsy, HD.—AF. runcin (Roland); cp. OF. roucin (F. roussin), Sp. rocin, whence rocinante, see Diez, p. 277.

Rounde, adj. round, PP.—AF. rounde, OF. reont, roont; Lat. rotundum (acc.).

Roundel, sb. a kind of ballad, C.—OF. rondel.

Roune, sb. a secret, a mystery, S2; rune, a secret, S; roun, song, S2; runen, pl., secret discourses, S; runes, S; rounes, S2.—AS. rún: OS. and Goth. rúna, a secret, counsel.

Rounen, v. to talk secretly, whisper, PP, C2; runien, S; rownen, H, PP, Cath., S3, C2, C3; rounden, PP, ND, Sh., SPD.—AS. rúnian, to whisper.

Rouning, sb. secret conference, S; rowning, B; runinge, S; rouninges, pl., S; ronenen, whisperings, S.

Roussat, sb. russet, S3; see Russet.

Route, sb. a rout, overthrow, troop, throng, company, S2, PP, S3, C2, C3; rout, S2; rowtes, pl., S2; rute, a route, rut, way, path, SkD. Phr.: by rote, C2, C3, SkD; by roote, C.—AF. route, rute, a band of men, a way, OF. rote; Late Lat. rupta, a broken mass of flying men, a defeat, a company in broken ranks, a disorderly array, a way broken through a country.

Route, v. to put to flight, Manip.; to assemble in a company, S2, C3.

Rouþe, sb. pity, S; see Rewðe.

Rouȝte, pt. s. recked, C2; see Rechen.

Roue, sb. roof, S3; see Roof.

Row, adj. rough, C3, SkD; rogh, SkD; roȝe, S2; rouch, S3, JD; ruh, SD.—AS. rúh (gen. rúwes); cp. G. rauh.

Rowen, v. to row, S, PP.—AS. rówan.

Rowle, v. to roll, S3; rele, S3; rollyn, Prompt.; rueled, pt. s., S2.—AF. rouler, roler; Late Lat. rotulare. Cf. Royle.

Rowm, sb. space, Prompt., B; rowme, cell, room, Prompt., S3, SkD; rome, S3.—AS. rúm, space, Goth. rums.

Rowme, adj. spacious, roomy, H; roume, S2.

Rowste, sb. voice, WA.—Icel. raust.

Rowt, sb. a stunning blow, S2, B; rout, B.

Rowte, sb. noise, snoring, CM.

Rowten, v. to make a great noise, to bellow, to snore, H, S2, S3, Prompt.; routen, B, CM, JD, SD; rowtande, pr. p., roaring, noisy, S2; routte, pt. s., PP; rutte, PP; routit, S2.—AS. hrútan, to snore.

Royle, v. to rove about, Manip.; roile, HD, PP; roule, PP. Notes (p. 94), CM.—OF. roiller, roller (Ducange), AF. rouler; Late Lat. rotulare. See Rowle.

Royle, sb. a stumbling horse, S3, PP. Notes (p. 94); oblongula mulier, Manip.

Royn, sb. scurf; as adj., rough, scurfy, S3.—OF. roigne (Cotg.); Lat. robiginem, rust, scab.

Roynish, adj. scabby, ND, Sh.; roinish, HD.

Royster, sb. a bully, swaggerer, saucy fellow, S3; roister, ND. Comb.: roister-doister, S3 (p. 262).—OF. rustre, royster, swaggerer (Cotg.), also roiste (Ducange), ruiste (BH), ruste; Lat. rusticum, a countryman.

Roȝe, adj. rough, S2; see Row.

Roȝte, pt. s. cared, S; see Rechen.

Ruddocke, sb. the robin redbreast, Manip.; ruddok, CM.

Rude, sb. redness, S; ruddes, pl., S3.—AS. rudu (Voc.).

Rude, adj. rough, undressed (of cloth) (= Lat. rudis = ἀγνάφος) S2; ruyd, B; roid, B.—OF. rude; Lat. rudem.

Rudelyche, adv. rudely, C; ruydly, B; roydly, B; rudly, B.

Ruffle, v. to bluster, to be noisy and turbulent, S3, Sh., ND; ruffelynge, pr. p., S3.—ODu. roffelen, to pander.

Ruffler, sb. a cheating bully, ND, HD.

Rug, sb. back, S; rugge, S, S2; see Rygge.

Ruggy, adj. rough, C, CM.—Cp. Swed. ruggig, rough, hairy. See Row.

Ruke, sb. a heap, S; ruck, JD; ruken, pl., S. Cp. OSwed. rúka, ‘acervus’.

Rukelen, v. to heap up, SD, S.

Rummeis, v. to bellow, S3; rummes, JD; rowmyss, JD; reimis, JD.—See SkD (s.v. rumble). The word rummeis is no doubt of Romance origin, an inchoative in -sco from Lat. *rumare, found in ad-rumare, to make a lowing noise; cp. OF. roumant, a murmur (Ducange).

Rummiss, sb. a loud, rattling, or rumbling noise, JD; reimis, JD; reemish, JD; rummage, an obstreperous din, JD.

Runagate, sb. renegade, WW; see Renegat.

Rune, sb. a secret, S; runen, pl. secret discourses, S; see Roune.

Runien, v. to discourse, S; see Rounen.

Runge, pt. pl. rang; see Ryngen.

Runkylle, sb. a wrinkle, Cath.; runkill, JD.—Cp. Dan. rynke.

Runkylle, v. to wrinkle, Cath.; runkle, JD; rouncle, S2; rouncled, pp., Cath. (n); roncled, HD.—Cp. Swed. rynka.

Rurd, sb. cry, noise, S2; see Rerd.

Rusche, sb. rush, PP; rische, PP; resshe, PP; rishe, S3; rish, Manip.; ryshes, pl., S3.—AS. risce, resce (Voc.).

Rusien, v. to shake, SD, C (n); rese, C; resye, C (n); rused, pt. s., PP.—AS. hrysian, Goth. hrisjan.

Russet, adj. russet, PP, Prompt.; roussat, S3; russets, sb. pl., clothes of a russet colour, ND.—AF. russet, OF. rousset; cp. Low Lat. roussetum (Ducange).

Russetting, sb. coarse cloth of russet colour, HD; a kind of apple, ND.

Ruþe, sb. ruth, pity, S; see Rewthe.

Rutis, sb. pl. roots, S3; see Rote.

Rwly, adv. ruefully, S2; see Rewliche.

Rybybe, sb. a kind of fiddle, uetella, vitula, Voc., Prompt.; [ribibe, an old woman, CM, ND]; rebeke, Manip.; rebekke, rebeck, SkD; rebecke, ND.—It. ribebba (also ribecca); Arab. rabâba, a fiddle with one or two strings, Steingass, p. 397.

Rybybour, sb. a player on the ribibe, PP. See above.

Rydder, sb. a sieve, cribrum, Voc.—AS. hrider (Voc.). Cf. Ridil.

Rydel, sb. riddle, Prompt.; see Redels.

Ryfe, adj. abundant, numerous, frequent, openly known, S3; ryyf, Prompt.; ryff, PP; ryue, G.—Icel. rífr, munificent.

Ryfelen, v. to rob, plunder, Prompt. y-rifled, pp., PP.—OF. rifler (Cotg.).

Ryflowre, sb. robber, plunderer, Prompt.

Ryflynge, sb. plunder, PP.

Ryge, sb. stormy rain, S2; rig, HD.—Icel. hregg, storm and rain.

Rygge, sb. back, ridge, HD, PP; ryg, B, PP; rugge, S, PP, S2; rug, S; rugges, pl., HD; rigge, S, HD, G; rig, S2. Comb.: rygge-bon, spondile, Voc.; ryg-bone, spina, Voc., PP; rygboon, HD; riggebon, PP, G.—AS. hrycg; cp. OHG. ruggi (Otfrid).

Ryght, adv. exactly, very, PP; riht, right, close, S, S2; rihht, S; rihte, S; rict, S; rigt, S; riȝt, S, S2. Phr.: ryȝt now late, only lately, S2.

Ryght, adj. right, Prompt.; ryht, S2; riȝt, S2, W; rihte, S; rigte, S; riȝte, S; rict, S. Comb.: riȝt-ful, straight (= Lat. rectus), S2, W; ryȝtfol, S2; ryȝtuolle, S2; riȝtfulnesse, righteousness, W; riht-half, right side, S; riȝthalf, W2; riȝtnesse, justice, S2; riht-wis, righteous; S; richtwise, S; ryȝtwys, S2; rightwis, v. to justify, H; rihtwisnesse, righteousness, S; ryȝttwisnesse, S2; riȝtwisnesse, W; rightwisenes, S2; ryghtwisnesse, C3.—AS. riht.

Ryghte, sb. right, law, equity, Cath.; riȝt, S2; riȝte, S, S2; riȝtes, pl., S2; ryȝtez, gen. as adv., rightly, immediately, S2; riȝttes, S2. Phr.: to þe riȝttes, exactly, S2; at alle rightes, C; mid rihte, rightly, S; mid rihten, S; wiþþ rihhte, S.

Ryme, sb. hoar-frost, H, Prompt. Comb.: ryme-frost, hoar-frost, HD.—AS. hrím.

Ryme, sb. rime, verse, poetry, Prompt., S, PP; rym, C2, C3; rime, S; rymes, pl., rimes, ballads, PP, C2. Phr.: on his rime, in his turn, S.—OF. rime, rym; OHG. rím, number; cp. AS. rím.

Rymen, v. to rime. Prompt., S3, C2, C3.—AF. rimer (rymer).

Ryming, sb. the art of riming, C2.

Rymthe, sb. room, leisure, Prompt. See Rowm.

Rynen, v. to touch, H. Der.: riner, the quoit that touches the mark, HD.—AS. hrínan, OS. hrínan; cp. OHG. rînan (Otfrid).

Rynge, sb. a circle, annulus, Prompt.; rynges, pl., PP; ringes, C3. Comb.: ring-leader, praesultor, Manip.; the person who opens a ball, HD, NQ (5. 1. 146); ryng-sangis, songs adapted for circular dances, S3.—AS. hring, Icel. hringr.

Ryngen, v. to ring, Prompt.; ringes, pr. pl., S; rong, pt. s., C3; runge, pl., S (19. 1273); i-runge, pp., S.—AS. ringan, pt. s. rang (pl. rungon), pp. rungen.

Ryngis, sb. pl. reigns, S3; see Regne.

Ryngis, pr. pl. reigns, S3; see Regnen.

Rys, sb. twig, branch, branches, S2, G (s.v. woode), CM; ris, S, CM; ryss, S3; ryse, Cath., S3. Comb.: rise-bushes, sticks cut for burning, DG.—AS. hrís; cp. Icel. hrís, G. reis.

Rysen, v. to rise, PP, C2; riss, B; risand, pr. p., S2; riseand, S2; ris, imp., S; rist, pr. s., C3; ros, pt. s., S, C2; roos, C2, W; raiss, S2, B; rass, B; risen, pl., W; rysen, W; rise, C2; rysed, pt. s. (weak), S2.—AS. rísan, pt. s. rás (pl. rison), pp. risen.

Ryshe, sb. rush, S3; see Rusche.

Rysp, sb. coarse grass, S3; risp, JD. Cp. G. rispe, see Weigand.

Ryue, sb. shore, S.—OF. rive; Lat. ripa.

Ryue, adj. abundant, G; see Ryfe.

Ryuel, sb. a wrinkle, SD.

Ryuelen, v. to wrinkle, HD, PP; ryueleden, pt. pl., PP; riueld, pp., S3.—Cp. AS. rifelede (Lat. rugosus), Eng. Studien, xi. 66; and Du. ruifelen.

Ryueling, sb. a wrinkling, W; ryuelynges, pl., wrinkles, W2.

Ryuen, v. to tear, rive, S2, C2, C3; rif, S2; ryfe, H.—Icel. rífa.

Ryuer, sb. river, PP; ryuere, Prompt., CM; riuere, S.—AF. rivere; Late Lat. riparia, seashore, bank, river. See Ryue.

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S

Sa, so, as, S, S2; see Swa.

Saaf, adj. healed, S2; see Sauf.

Sabat, sb. sabbath, W; sabot, W; sabote, S2; sabothis, pl., S2.—Lat. sabbatum (Vulg.); Gr. σάββατον; Heb. shabbâth, rest, sabbath.

Sabeline, sb. the sable, also the fur of the sable, S; sablyne, S.—OF. sabeline, from sable; Russ. sobole; cp. G. zobel.

Sac, sb. crime, S2; see Sak.

Saccles, adj. guiltless, S2; see Sakles.

Sachel, sb. wallet, satchel, W, H (p. 144).—OF. sachel; Lat. saccellum (acc.), dimin. of saccus. See Sak.

Sacren, v. to consecrate, hallow, S, Prompt.; y-sacred, pp., S3.—OF. sacrer; Lat. sacrare.

Sacristane, sb. sacristan, Cath.; secristoun, Voc.; sexteyne, Prompt.; sexteyn, C2.—AF. secrestein, OF. sacristain, sexton (Cotg.); from Church Lat. sacrista (Voc.).

Sad, adj. sated, over full, weary, satisfied, serious, firm, sober, discreet, grave, PP, S2, S3, C, C2, C3, W; sead, S; sæd, S; sadde, adv., S3; sadder, comp., more soundly (of sleep), PP.—AS. sæd: OS. sad, sated; cp. OHG. sat (Tatian): Goth. saths; cp. Lat. satis; see Brugmann, § 109.

Sadel, sb. saddle, C3; sadyl, Prompt. Comb.: sadel-bowe, saddle-bow, S.—AS. sadol.

Sadelien, v. to saddle; sadelede, pt. s., S; sadeled, pp., G.—AS. sadelian.

Sadly, adv. seriously, S3, C, C2, C3; sadlier, comp., more heavily, PP; sadloker, more soundly, S2, PP.

Sadnes, sb. stedfastness, soberness, discreetness, S3, WA; sadnesse, C2, P, W, W2.

Sæ, sb. sea, S; see See.

Sæclian, v. to sicken; sæclede, pt. s., S. See Sek.

Sæd, adj. sated, S; see Sad.

Sæht, sæhte; see Saht, Sahte.

Sæhtleden, pt. pl. reconciled, S; see Sahtlien.

Særes, pl. shears, S; see Schere.

Særi, adj. sorry, S; see Sory.

Sætte, pt. s. set, S; see Setten.

Sæw, sb. juice, S; see Sewe.

Safferes, Safiris; see Saphir.

Saffron, v. to tinge with saffron, C3.

Saffroun, sb. saffron, C2; safrun, Prompt.; saffran, SkD; safforne, S3.—AF. saffran.

Safte, sb. pl. creatures, S; see Schaft.

Sag, Sagh, saw; see Seon.

Saghe, sb. saw, saying, H; see Sawe.

Saghtel, 1 p. pr. pl. become reconciled, S2; see Sahtlien.

Saht, adj. at peace, reconciled; sæht, S; sehte, S; saut, HD; sahhte, pl., S.—AS. sæht; cp. Icel. sáttr.

Sahte, sb. peace, reconciliation, S; sæhte, concord, S; saughte, HD.—Cp. Icel. sátt, concord.

Sahtlien, v. to reconcile, to be reconciled, S, SkD (s.v. settle); saȝtlen, SkD; sauȝtlen, SkD; saghtel, S2; sæhtlien, S; saȝtill, WA; saghetylle, HD.—AS. sahtlian.

Sahtling, sb. reconciliation; saȝtlyng, S2; sauȝtelyng, HD; saughtelynge, HD. See above.

Sahtnen, v. to reconcile, to be reconciled, S; sauhtne, PP; sauȝtne, P.

Sahtnesse, sb. peace, reconciliation, S; sehtnesse, S; seihtnesse, S.—AS. sahtnis.

Saiȝ, saw; see Seon.

Sak, sb. sack, sackcloth, PP, W2; sek, S2; seck, S; seckes, pl., S; sakkes, PP.—AS. sacc; Lat. saccus (Vulg.); Gr. σάκκος (LXX); Heb. saq, probably of Egyptian origin.

Sak, sb. guilt, crime, cause, sake, S2, B; sake, S; sac, S2; sakess, pl., crimes, S2.—Icel. sök (stem saka-), a cause, charge, guilt, crime: Goth. sakjo (= μάχη); cp. AS. sacu, OHG. sahha, ‘causa’ (Tatian).

Sakeð, pr. s. shakes, S; see Schaken.

Sakles, adj. guiltless, S2; sakless, B; saccles, S2; sacclesli, adv., guiltlessly, S2.—AS. sacléas; cp. Icel. saklauss.

Sal, sb. salt. Comb.: sal-armoniak, sal ammoniac, C3; sal-peter, saltpetre, C3; sal-preparat, prepared salt, C3; sal-tartre, salt of tartar, C3.—Lat. sal.

Salad, sb. helmet, CM; sallet, ND, Sh.; salettes, pl., RD (p. 1663).—OF. salade (Cotg.); cp. Low Lat. salada (Ducange), Sp. celada (Minsheu).

Sald, pt. s. sold, S2; see Sellen.

Sale, sb. hall, WA, S, HD.—Icel. salr; cp. AS. sæl (gen. sales).

Sale, sb. basket of willow-twigs for catching eels, etc., S3. See Salwe.

Salewis, sb. pl. willows, W2; see Salwe.

Salm, sb. psalm, S2, W2; psalme, H; psalmes, pl., PP; zalmes, S2.—Church Lat. psalmus (Vulg.); Gr. ψαλμός (LXX).

Salme, v. to sing psalms, S2.

Salt, sb. salt, Voc., S; sealte, dat., S2. Comb.: salt-cote, a salt-pit, salina, Voc.; salte-cote, Cath., Voc.—AS. sealt.

Salt, adj. salted, salt, salsus, SD; sealte, S2; salte, pl., C2.

Salue, v. to salute, C2, C3.—OF. saluer; Lat. salutare.

Saluyng, sb. salutation, C.

Salue, sb. salve, ointment, C2, PP; sallfe, H (p. 184).—AS. sealf; cp. G. salbe.

Salwe, sb. a kind of willow, a sallow, SkD, Voc.; salwhe, Prompt.; salghe, HD; salewis, pl., W2.—AS. sealh (Voc.): OHG. salahá; cp. Lat. salic-em, Ir. sail, Gr. ἑλίκη, W. helyg.

Sam . . . . sam, conj. whether . . . . or, S.

Same, adj. same, SkD; samyn, S3, B; sammyn, dat., S2, B.—Icel. samr.

Same, sb. shame, S; see Schame.

Samed, adv. together, SD; somed, S; somet, S.—AS. samod.

Samen, adv. together, PP, S, S2, H; samenn, S; samyn, H, B; sammyn, B.—Icel. saman; cp. OHG. saman (Tatian).

Samet, sb. a rich silk stuff, CM; samyte, SkD; samite, ND.—OF. samit; Late Lat. examitum; Late Gr. ἑξάμιτον; cp. G. samt, velvet, It. sciamito (Florio).

Samie, v. to be ashamed, S; see Schamien.

Samm-tale, adj. pl. in harmony, S.

Samnien, v. to unite; somnen, S; sammnesst, 2 pr. s., S; i-somned, pp., S; samned, S2; samened, S2; samynd, H.—AS. samnian.

Samon, sb. salmon, S2; see Saumon.

Sand, sb. sand, PP; see Sond.

Sand, sb. a gift, S2; see Sond.

Sanderbodes, sb. pl. messengers, S; see Sonder.

Sang, sb. song, S, S3; see Songe.

Sang, sb. blood. Comb.: sank royall, blood royal, S3 (14. 490).—OF. sanc, sang; Lat. sanguinem.

Sangwine, adj. blood-red, S3; sangwin, C; sangwane, blood colour (in heraldry), S3.—AF. sanguine; Lat. sanguineum.

Sans, prep. without, C3; sanz, S2, PP; saun, HD. Comb.: saun fail, without fail, HD.—OF. sans, senz; Lat. sine, see BH, § 50.

Sant, adj. and sb. holy, saint, S2; sante, S; sanct, B.—Lat. sanctus. Cf. Seint.

Sanyt, pt. s. crossed himself, S2; see Seynen.

Sape, sb. soap, S; see Soope.

Saphir, sb. sapphire; safiris, W (Apoc. 21. 19); saphires, pl., C2, PP; safferes, P.—AF. safir, saphire; Lat. sapphirum (acc.); Gr. σάπφειρος; Heb. sappîr.

Sapience, sb. Wisdom, i.e. the book so called, C2, P; wisdom, C3; sapiences, pl., kinds of intelligence, C3.—OF. sapience; Lat. sapientia.

Sar, Sare, Sair; see Sore.

Sarce, sb. sieve, Cath., Palsg.; searce, Cotg. (s.v. tamis); sarse, Cath. (n); sars, Cath. (n).—OF. sas, a searce (Cotg.), saas: Sp. cedázo (Minsheu); Lat. setaceum, from seta, hair on an animal. See Say.

Sarce, v. to sift, Palsg.; searse, Cath. (n).—OF. sasser.

Sari, adj. sorry, S; see Sory.

Sark, sb. shirt, S3; see Serk.

Sarmoun, sb. sermon, P; see Sermoun.

Satern, sb. Saturnus, SD. Comb.: Sateres-dai, Saturday, S; Saterdei, S; seterday, PP; sætterdæi, S; saterday, PP; seturday, PP.

Sattel, v. to subside, S2, S3; see Setlen.

Sauf, adj. safe, healed, made whole, S2, C3, P; sauff, S2; saf, S2; saaf, S2, W; sauf, prep., save, except, C; saue, C2, C3; saulfe, S3; saufliche, adv., safely, S2; saufly, C, C2, PP; sauely, H. Comb.: saulfe-garde, safe-keeping, S3; salfgard, S3.—AF. sauf, OF. salf; Lat. saluum.

Saugh, saw; see Seon.

Saughte, v. to be reconciled, G. See Saht.

Saule, sb. soul, S; sawl, S; saull, S3; saulen, pl., S; see Soule.

Saumon, sb. salmon, Voc.; salmond, B; samon, S2; samowne, Prompt.—OF. saumun, salmon; Lat. salmonem.

Saumplarie, sb. example, instructor, PP.

Saumple, sb. example, PP, W2, HD.

Saumpler, sb. exemplar, pattern, W.

Saundyuer, sb. the fatty substance floating on glass when it is red-hot in the furnace, S2; sawndevere, HD; sandiver, Cotg.—OF. suin de verre, the sweating of glass (Cotg.); suin or suint, from suinter, to sweat, as stones in moist weather; nasalised from OTeut. base SWIT, whence G. schwitzen, to sweat.

Sausefleme, sb. the scab, salsum flegma, C (p. 140). Der.: sauseflemed, adj., having pimples on the face, HD; sawceflem, pimpled, C, CM.—Late Lat. salsum flegma.

Saut, sb. assault, H, PP; saute, H; sawt, B.—OF. saut, a leap; Lat. saltum.

Saute, v. to leap, PP.—OF. sauter, saulter; Lat. saltare.

Sauter, sb. a musical instrument, psalter, psalms, S2; sawter, Voc.; sawtre, Voc.; sautre, W2; psauter, PP; psautere, H (p. 3). Comb.: sawtere-boke, Voc.—OF. sautier (Bartsch), psaultier; Church Lat. psalterium; Gr. ψαλτήριον.

Sauvacioun, sb. salvation, S2, S3, C3, P.—AF. salvacioun; Lat. salvationem.

Sauȝtne, v. become reconciled, P; see Sahtnen.

Saue, prep. save, C2; see Sauf.

Saueine, sb. savin, sabine, SkD; sewane, S3.—AS. safine; Lat. sabina; cp. OF. sabine, savinier, the savine-tree (Cotg.).

Sauetè, sb. safety, PP; sauyte, S2; safte, P.—AF. sauvete; Late Lat. salvitatem.

Save, sb. the herb sage, C; see Sawge.

Savour, sb. savour, smell, pleasantness, pleasure, P, C2, C3, WW.—OF. saveur; Lat. saporem.

Savouren, v. to have a pleasant taste, to give an appetite to, S2, P; sauere (= Lat. sapere), to have a taste, perception, W; sauer, S2, WW, CM.—AF. savourer.

Sawe, sb. a saw, saying, S2, C, C3; saghe, H; saghes, pl., H; saghs, S2; sawes, S2, P.—AS. sagu.

Sawe, v. to sow, S; see Sowen.

Sawge, sb. the herb sage, Prompt.; salge, Cath.; save, C, HD.—OF. sauge; Lat. saluia; cp. Low Lat. salgia (Cath.).

Say, pt. s. saw; see Seon.

Say, sb. silk, WA.—OF. seie; Sp. seda; Lat. sēta, bristle. Cf. Sarce.

Sayne, sb. a net, WA.—OF. seine; Lat. sagēna; Gr. σαγήνη; cp. OIr. sén.

Sayntuaryes, sb. pl. relics, S3; see Seintuarie.

Saȝ, pt. s. saw; see Seon.

Saȝtled, pt. s. settled, S2; see Setlen.

Saȝtlyng, sb. reconciliation, S2; see Sahtling.

Sc-. For many words beginning with sc-, see Sch-.

Scæ, she, S; see Sheo.

Scærp, adj. sharp, S; see Scharp.

Scandlic, adj. disgraceful, S. See Schonde.

Scaplorye, sb. a kind of scarf, Prompt.; scaplory, scapelory, Cath., S; scaplorey, Voc.; scapelary, Prompt.; chapolory, S3; scaplery, Cath. (n); scapularye, Cath. (n); scopelarie, Cath. (n).—Church Lat. scapulare, from scapula, shoulder (Vulg.).

Scarl, sb. scare-crow, bugbear, HD; scarle, Cath.

Scarren, v. to scare, SD; see Skerren.

Scars, adj. scarce, SD; scarce, Prompt.; scarsliche, adv., scarcely, SD; scarslych, sparingly, S2; scarsly, parsimoniously, C, Prompt.; scarseli, W.—AF. escars; Late Lat. excarpsum.

Scarsetè, sb. scarcity, C3; scarste, S2.—OF. scharseté (Ducange).

Scarsnesse, sb. scarceness, Prompt.

Scarth, sb. sherd, H; skarth, JD.—Icel. skarð. Cf. Scherde.

Scat, sb. treasure, S.—AS. sceat: OS. skat; cp. OHG. scaz (Tatian).

Scaðe, sb. harm, S, C2; schathe, S2; skaith, S3; skathe, C, G; scath, WA; skath, H.—Icel. skaði; cp. OHG. scado (Otfrid).

Scean, pt. s. shone, S; see Schynen.

Sceappend, sb. creator, S; see Scheppende.

Scel, shall, S; see Schal.

Sceolde, should, S; see Scholde.

Scewie, imp. pl. let us see, S; see Schewen.

Schade, sb. shade, shadow, WA; schadowe, Prompt.; schadewe, S; shadwe, C2, C3. Phr.: in ssede, darkly, S2.—AS. sceadu (stem sceadwa): OS. skado; cp. OHG. scato (Tatian).

Schaft, sb. shape, make, form, creature, S, S2; schafte, PP; shafte, PP; scepþe, S2; schafte, pl., S; safte, S; ssepþes, S2.—AS. (ge)sceaft.

Schakaris, sb. pl. drops of dew hanging down, S3.

Schaken, v. to shake, Prompt.; ssake, S2; sakeð, pr. s., S; schok, pt. s., S, S2; schake, pp., C.—AS. sceacan, pt. scóc, pp. scacen.

Schal, 1, 3 pt. pr. s. shall, S; sceal, S; scal, S; sceol, S; scel, S; schel, S2; ssel, S2; shal, S, S2, C2, C3; sal, S, S2; sall, H; sale, S2; salt, 2 pr. s., S2; ssalt, S2; schulen, pl., S; schullen, S. S2; schulle, S; schulleþ, S; schule, S; sculen, S; schuln, C; scullen, S; scule, S; shulen, S; shullen, C3; shulle, S; shul, S2, C3; shule, S2; sulen, S; sule, S; sullen, S; sulle, S; scholle, S2; sholen, S; shole, S; ssolle, S2; solle, S; salle, S2; schaltow, saltou, shalt thou, S2. Cf. Scholde.

Schalk, sb. servant, man, WA; schalke, S2.—AS. scealc (Grein): Goth. skalks; cp. OHG. scalc (Tatian).

Schame, sb. shame, S, PP; schome, S; shome, S2; scheome, S; scome, S; ssame, S2; same, S.—AS. sceamu.

Schamefast, adj. modest, C.

Schamefastnesse, sb. modesty, C, W.

Schamelich, adj. shameful; schomelich, S, S2; shameliche, adv., S; shamlic, S2.

Schamien, v. to shame, to be ashamed, S, W; shame, S2; ssame, S2; samie, S.

Schamylle, sb. stool, Cath.; shamel (= Lat. scabellum), H; schamel, Cath. (n); schambylle, macellum, Cath.; shambles, pl., Sh.—AS. scamel (Mt. 5. 35), scamol, sceamul (Voc.); Lat. scamellum; cp. OF. scamel (Ps. 109. 1), also Lat. scabellum, from stem scam- in scamnum. See NQ (5. 5. 261).

Schap, sb. shape, PP, C, W2; shap, S, C2; schapp, S2; schappe, PP; scheape, S; shappe, PP.—AS. (ge)sceap.

Schapen, v. to form, create, ordain, refl. to dispose oneself, endeavour, S, C, PP, S3; shape, PP; schop, pt. s., S, S2; shop, S; shoop, C2; scop, S; sop, S; schope, S2; shope, S2, H; schapen, pp., C; shapen, S, S2, C2; shape, C2; y-schape, S2; yshapen, C2; yshape, C3.—AS. sceapan, pt. scóp (scéop), pp. sceapen.

Schapien, v. to create, form; schepien, S; schapide, pt. s., W; shaped, pp., S. Cf. Scheppen.

Schaply, adj. fit, C.

Schaplynesse, sb. beauty, W2.

Scharp, adj. sharp; scharpe, S; scherpe, S; scærp, S; scharpe, adv., S; sharpe, C2.—AS. scearp.

Scharpin, v. to make sharp; scherpit, pt. s., S3.

Schaven, v. to shave, scrape, PP; schauyde, pt. s., W2; shauen, pp., S; schave, C; y-schaue, S2; y-shaue, C2; ischaven, S. Der.: shauing, a thin slice, C3.—AS. sceafan, pt. scóf, pp. scafen.

Schawe, sb. a shaw, wood, grove, S2, G, S3, HD, Cath.; schaw, WA, B; schowe, HD; shawes, pl., PP.—AS. scaga; cp. Icel. skógr.

Schawen, v. to shew, S, S2, S3; see Schewen.

Schawere, sb. a veil, S; scawere, mirror, S; sseawere, S2; schewere, WA.

Schawles, sb. scare-crow, an appearance, S; schewelles, ND; sewell, HD.—From the same root as G. scheuche. See Schey.

Sche, she, C; see Sheo.

Scheawen, v. to appear, S2; see Schewen.

Schede, sb. the parting of a man’s hair, Cath.; see Schode.

Scheden, v. to separate, to part the hair, to shed, pour, S, PP, W2; shædenn, S; sheden, PP; shode, HD; schedde, pt. s., PP; shedde, C2; shadde, C2; ssedde, S2; i-sched, pp., S; shad, S.—AS. scéadan, pt. scéod, pp. scéaden; cp. OHG. skeidan (Tatian), G. scheiten.

Scheef, sb. sheaf, Prompt.; shef, C; schof, Prompt.; scheffe, Prompt.; shæfess, pl., S.—AS. scéaf.

Scheep, sb. sheep, Prompt.; shep, S; schepe, Cath.; pl., S2; shep, S; sep, S.—AS. scéap.

Scheep, sb. shepherd, S2, PP; shepe, P; shep, PP; chep, PP, Notes (p. 458).—AS. *scéapa (scépa).

Scheld, sb. shield, S, C, W2; sheld, S; sseld, S2; scheeld, C; shel, S; scheelde, Prompt.—AS. scield, scyld.

Schelden, v. to shield, PP; schilden, S, G; shilden, C2; silden, S.

Schelder, sb. shielder, S2.

Scheltroun, sb. shelter, defence, a strong shield, also a body of troops, battalion, PP; scheltron, Prompt.; scheltrone, acies, Voc.; scheltrom, PP, S2; scheltrun, W2; shultrom, PP; schiltrum, B; childrome, B; jeltron, shield, shelter, SkD (s.v. shelter).—AS. scild-truma, a shield-troop (Leo); cp. AF. chiltron.

Schench, sb. draught of beer or wine, SD; senche, S; schenche, dat., S.—Icel. skenkr, the serving of drink.

Schenchen, v. to pour out beer or wine, to offer a good thing, S, CM; shenchen, S2; schenkyn, Prompt.—AS. scencan, to pour out drink (Grein); cp. OHG. scenken (Otfrid), Icel. skenkja; from AS. sceanc, shank, a hollow bone used for drawing off liquor. See SkD (s.v. nunchion).

Schenden, v. to harm, ruin, disgrace, PP, S, S2, W2, S3; shenden, PP, C2, H; scenden, S; ssende, S2; sende, S; shende, pt. s., S; schente, S; schent, pp., S, S2, C, W2, G; shent, PP, C2.—AS. scendan. See Schonde.

Schendful, adj. disgraceful, SD; schendfulliche, adv., PP; shendfulliche, PP.

Schendlac, sb. disgrace, S.

Schendschip, sb. disgrace, hurt, ruin; schenschip, W, W2; schenship, H; schenshepe, PP.

Schene, adj. bright, S, S2, S3, C; scene, S2; scheyn, S3; shene, C2, S3; sheene, S2, S3, C3; schenre, comp., S.—AS. scéne: OS. skóni; cp. OHG. scóni (Otfrid).

Scheome, sb. shame, S; see Schame.

Scheot, pr. s. shoots, S; see Scheten.

Schepieð, imp. pl. shape, S; see Schapien.

Schepne, sb. shed, stall, stable, C; schepyn, bostar, Voc.; shippen, HD; schyppune, Voc.; shepnes, pl., CM.—AS. scypen, ‘bovile’ (Voc.). Cf. Schoppe.

Scheppen, v. to create, form, SD; schupte, pt. s., S.—AS. sceppan, scyppan.

Scheppende, sb. creator; sceppende, S; sceppend, S; sceappend, S; sheppendes, pl., S.

Scheppere, sb. creator; schuppere, S; shepper, PP.—Cp. OHG. sceppheri (Otfrid), G. schöpfer.

Scherald, adj. cut by the plough-share, S3.

Scherde, sb. sherd, Prompt.

Schere, sb. shears, C; shere, C2, PP; særes, pl., S.

Schere, v. to shear, S3, S2; schæren, S; sheren, to reap, cut, S, C2; scorn, pp., S2; soren, S; y-schore, S2.—AS. sceran (scieran), pt. scear (pl. scéaron), pp. scoren.

Schere, adj. pure, bright, clear, SD; skere, adv., SD; sker, clean, entirely, S. Comb.: Shere Þursdai, the Thursday in Holy Week, S.—Icel. skærr; cp. skíri-þórsdagr, skír-dagr, names for Maundy Thursday. See Schyre.

Scherpit, pt. s. sharpened, S3; see Scharpin.

Scherreue, sb. sheriff, G; see under Schyre.

Scherte, sb. shirt, C, C2, PP, Voc.; sherte, PP; shurte, SkD; schyrt, Voc.; shirte, SkD.—Icel. skyrta.

Schete, sb. sheet, Prompt., P; shete, C3.—AS. scéte, for scýte, see SkD.

Scheten, v. to shoot, rush, S, W2, Prompt.; scheete, G; ssete, S2; schut, S2; schute, B; scheot, pr. s., S; schot, pt. s., S2, B; sscet, S2; shote, pp., S2; ishote, S; iscote, S; issote, S2.—AS. scéotan, pt. scéat (pl. scuton), pp. scoten.

Scheter, sb. shooter, SD; schetare, Prompt.; ssetar, S2.

Schethe, sb. sheath, W (Jo. 15. 11), Cath.; shethe, C2.—AS. scéað; cp. OHG. skeidâ (Tatian).

Schetten, v. to shut, C3, Prompt.; schitte, G, W2; schitte, pt. s., W; shette, G, P; pl., C2, C3; schet, pp., C, W; shet, C3; schit, W; ischet, G; y-schette, S2, C3.—AS. scyttan.

Schewen, v. to show, appear, S, PP, S3; scheawen, S2; scheauwen, S; schewi, S, S2; schaw, S2, S3, S; sceawen, S; sceu, S2; scawen, S; shewe, PP; shæwenn, S; sseawy, S2; seawen, S.—AS. scéawian, to see, also to make to see, shew: OS. skáwon, to look, see.

Schey, adj. timid, shy, Prompt.; sceouh, SkD.—AS. scéoh. Cf. Eschewen, Schawles.

Schide, sb. a splinter, WA.—AS. scíde; cp. G. scheit, see Kluge.

Schift, sb. shift, change; shift, Sh. Phr.: at a schift, on a sudden, in a moment, S2.

Schiften, v. to change, shift, to part asunder, to divide, to discern, SkD; schyftyn, Prompt.; shifte, C3; scyft, pr. s., S; shifte him, pt. s., removed himself, PP.—AS. sciftan (scyftan), to divide.

Schilden, v. to shield, S; see Schelden.

Schip, sb. ship, S; schup, S; scipen, dat., S; schupe, S; sipe, S; schupes, gen., S; schipes, pl., S; schippes, S; scipen, S; sipes, S; ssipes, S2. Comb.: schip-bord; phr.: on schipbord, on board a ship, S2; ship-breche, shipwreck, W; schip-man, shipman, C; shipman, C2; scipenmonnen, pl. dat., S; ssip-uol, shipful, S2; schupeward, shipward, S; ship-wracke, shipwreck, S3.—AS. scip.

Schirchen, v. to shriek, S; see Schrychen.

Schirmen, v. to skirmish, fence, S; skirmen, S; skyrmez, pr. s., glides swiftly on flapping wings, S2.—Cp. Du. schermen, to fence, from scherm, screen, protection, OHG. scirm, protection (Otfrid).

Schitte, v. to shut, G; see Schetten.

Scho, sb. shoe, W2; schoo, C, Prompt.; schon, pl., S2, S3; schone, S, W; schoon, S2, W, G; shoon, C2, W; shon, PP.—AS. scéoh, pl. scéos, gen. pl. scéona.

Scho, she, S3; see Sheo.

Schod, pp. shod, W, Prompt.; shodde, P.

Schode, sb. the parting of a man’s hair, the temple or top of the head, C; schood, CM.—AS. scáde, ‘vertex capilli’ (Grein); cp. G. scheitel. See Scheden.

Schoggyn, v. to shake, toss, Prompt.; schogs, pr. s., WA; schoggid, pp., W.

Scholde, pt. s. should, S, S2; scolde, S; sceolde, S; sholde, S, C2, C3; sculde, S; schulde, S; shulde, S, C2, C3; sulde, S; suld, S2; shuld, S2; solde, S; scholte, S; soul, H; soule, H; scholden, pl., S; scolden, S; ssolde, S2; suld, S2.—AS. scolde. See Schal.

Scholle, shall, S2; see Schal.

Schome, sb. shame, S; see Schame.

Schomelich, adj. shameful, S; see Schamelich.

Schon, pl. of Scho, q.v.

Schon, pt. s. shone, C, G; see Schynen.

Schonde, sb. disgrace, S; shonde, C2.—AS. scand (sceand), scond (OET).

Schonye, v. shun, P; see Schunien.

Schop, pt. s. created, S; see Schapen.

Schoppe, sb. shop, S2, Prompt., SkD. Cf. Schepne.

Schore, sb. a notch or line cut, a number, score, twenty, S2, PP; score, G, Prompt., PP.—AS. scor; cp. Icel. skor, an incision. See Scheren.

Schort, adj. short, Prompt.; schorte, S2; scort, S, S2.—AS. sceort; cp. OHG. scurz.

Schorteliche, adv. briefly, C.

Schorten, v. to make short, C, Prompt.

Schot, pt. s. rushed, S2; see Scheten.

Schouel, sb. shovel, Prompt.; showell, S3.—AS. scofl (Voc.).

Schowpe, sb. a hip, cornum, Cath. Comb.: schowpe-tre, the briar, Cath.; scope-tre, Cath. (n).

Schowre, sb. shower, Prompt.; schur, SD; shoures, pl., PP, C2; sures, S.—AS. scúr: Goth. skura.

Schowwyn, v. to shove, Prompt.; schowued, pp., S2.—AS. scofian.

Schowynge, sb. pushing, Prompt.; showuing, C3.

Schraf, pt. s. shrove, S3; see Schriuen.

Schrapen, v. to scrape, PP.—Icel. skrapa.

Schreden, v. to clothe, S; see Schrouden.

Schreden, v. to cut, Prompt.; shredde, pt. s., C2.—AS. scréadian.

Schredynge, sb. a cutting of herbs, Prompt.; schridyng, W2.

Schrenchen, v. to make to fall, to deceive, S; screnche, S; scrennkenn, S.—AS. (ge)screncan, ‘supplantare,’ Ps. 17. 40 (VP); cp. OHG. screnken (Otfrid).

Schrewe, adj. and sb. wicked, bad, a wicked one, sinner, peevish woman, the devil, G, W2, S2, P, S, CM; shrewe, C2, P; shrew, S3, H, S2, C3; screwe, PP. Cp. AS. scréawa, a shrew-mouse (Voc.).

Schrewen, v. to curse, CM, C.

Schrewid, adj. cursed, bad, W, W2.

Schrewidnesse, sb. wickedness, W2; shrewednesse, P.

Schrift, sb. shrift, confession, S2; scrift, S; schrifte, dat., S2; shrifte, S.—AS. scrift.

Schrifte, sb. confessor, S; shrifte, S; scrifte, S.

Schrippe, sb. scrip, bag, S2, PP; shrippe, PP; scrippe, S, S2, W; scryppe, Prompt.

Schriuen, v. to prescribe penance, to confess, S; schryue, S2; shriue, S; shrife, S2; schraf, pt. s., S2; schrof, PP; ssriue, pl., S2; shriuen, pp., S; shryuen, P; scriuen, S2; y-shryue, PP.—AS. scrífan, to prescribe penance, to receive confessions; Lat. scribere.

Schroud, sb. dress, garment, PP; scrud, S; shrud, S; srud, S; schroude, WA, S2; shroudes, pl., rough outer clothes, P.—AS. scrúd (Voc.).

Schrouden, v. to clothe; scruden, S; schruden, S; schreden, S; shrut, pr. s., S; scred, S; schrowdis, S3; schredde, pt. s.; S, CM; srid, S; schred, 2 pt. s., S2; schrudde, pl., S; y-schrowdyt, pp., S3; ischrud, S; iscrud, S.—AS. scrýdan, also scrédan.

Schrychen, v. to shriek, screech, Prompt.; schriken, SkD; scriken, SkD; shriken, SkD; schirchen, S; shryghte, pt. s., C2; schrighte, C; shryght, S3; shryched, pl., S3; schrykede, C.—Cp. Swed. skrika.

Schulde, should; see Scholde.

Schuldere, sb. shoulder, Voc., W, S, C; shulder, Voc.; ssoldren, pl., S2.—AS. sculdor.

Schulen, shall; see Schal.

Schulen, v. to squint, S; skoul, SkD (s.v. scowl).—Cp. Dan. skule, to scowl.

Schulle, adv. shrilly, S; see Schylle.

Schunchen, v. to cause to shun, to frighten, S.

Schunien, v. to shun, S; schonye, S; shonye, P; sunen, S.—AS. scúnian.

Schup, sb. ship, S; see Schip.

Schuppere, sb. creator, S; see Scheppere.

Schupte, pt. s. created, S; see Scheppen.

Schur, sb. shower; see Schowre.

Schurge, sb. scourge, S; see Scorge.

Schurten, v. reflex. to amuse (oneself), S.

Schut, v. to shoot, S2; see Scheten.

Schylle, adj. sonorous, shrill, Prompt., Cath.; schille, S, S2; schill, S3; schille, adv., S, S2; schulle, S; shulle, PP.

Schylly, adv. sharply, Prompt.

Schyllynge, sb. shilling, Prompt.; schilling, pl., S2; solidus, Cath.—AS. scilling.

Schyne, sb. shin, C; schynne, Prompt. Comb.: schyn-bone, Voc.—AS. scina (Voc.).

Schynen, v. to shine, Prompt.; sinen, S; schinen, S; ssynen, S2; scean, pt. s., S; schon, C, G; shoon, C2 schane, pl., S3, H; sinen, pp., S.—AS. scínan, pt. scán (pl. scinon), pp. scinen.

Schynyng, sb. lightning, W2.

Schynyngli, adv. splendidly, W.

Schyre, sb. a shire, PP; ssire, S2. Comb.: schir-reue, shire-reeve, sheriff, S, C; scherreue, G; schyreue, P; syrreue, S; schirreues, pl., S2, PP; shriues, S3; shireues, P.—AS. scír.

Schyre, adj. bright, clear, Prompt.; schire, S2; shire, H; shir, S; shyrest, superl., H. Der.: shyrnes, clearness, purity, H.—AS. scír; cp. Goth. skeirs. Cf. Schere.

Schytel, sb. shuttle, used for shooting the thread of the woof between the threads of the warp, SkD; schutylle, Cath.; schetyl, Prompt. (p. 470). Comb.: shyttel-cocke, shuttle-cock, S3. See Scheten.

Schyue, sb. a slice, small piece, Prompt.; shive, Sh., ND; sheeve, ND, JD; schyfes, bits of tow, Cath.—Cp. Icel. skífa.

Schyuere, sb. a shiver, piece of wood, slice, Prompt.; shiuer, SkD; scifren, pl., SkD; sciuren, SkD. See above.

Schyueren, v. to break into shivers, splinters, C.

Scipen, pl. ships, S; see Schip.

Scite, sb. city, S; see Citee.

Sclate, sb. slate, Prompt.; sklat, Prompt.; sclattis, pl., tegulae, W.—OF. esclat, a shiver, splinter, something broken off with violence (Cotg.), F. éclat.

Sclaundre, sb. scandal, slander, C2, PP; sclaunder, Prompt.; sklaundre, PP; slaunder, Prompt.—AF. esclaundre, OF. escandle; Lat. scandalum (Vulg.); Gr. σκάνδαλον.

Sclaundre, v. to scandalize, to slander, W, C3; slaunderyd, pp., Prompt.

Sclauyne, sb. pilgrim’s cloak, S, Cath. (n); slaveyne, a garment, Prompt., HD; slavyn, Cath.; sklavyn, HD; sclauayn, Voc.; sclavene, Voc.; slaueyn, PP.—Low Lat. sclavina, a long garment like that worn in Slavonic countries (Ducange); cp. AF. esclavine; from the people called Slav, a name said to be connected with Russ. slovo, a word, and to mean ‘the speaking, the intelligible.’ See SkD (p. 828).

Sclender, adj. slender, C, SkD; sklendre, C, C2; slendyr, Prompt.—OF. esclendre (Palsg.); of Teutonic origin; cp. ODu. slinder; see BH, § 50.

Scleyre, sb. veil, PP; see Sklayre.

Sco, she, S; see Sheo.

Scolden, should; see Scholde.

Scole, sb. the bowl of a balance, a bowl, Prompt.; scoale, S; scale, Cath.—Icel. skál, a bowl.

Scole, sb. school, S, C, C2, Prompt. Comb.: scol-meistre, schoolmistress, S (meistre; OF. meistre; Lat. magistra, see BH).—Lat. schola; Gr. σχολή, leisure.

Scoler, sb. scholar, C.

Scoleye, v. to attend school, to study, C.

Scop, pt. s. made, S; see Schapen.

Scorclen, v. to scorch, SkD (p. 826); scorkelyn, Prompt.; scorklyd, pp., Prompt.

Scorcnen, v. to scorch, S.

Scorge, sb. scourge, Prompt.; scourge, W (Jo. 2. 15); schurge, S.—AF. escorge, OF. escurge; cp. It. scoreggia (Florio); Lat. ex + corrigia, a thong, rein, girdle (Ducange), see Diez, p. 109. Derived from this Lat. corrigia is AF. escurgie, OF. escourgee (Cotg.): It. scoreggiáta (Florio); Late Lat. excorrigiata, see Diez, p. 289, and Brachet.

Scorn, pp. shorn, S2; see Schere.

Scoute, sb. scout, spy, SkD.—OF. escoute (Cotg.).

Scouten, v. to scout, pry; skowtez, pr. s., S2.—AF. escouter, to listen; OF. ascouter, escolter; Lat. auscultare.

Scowkyng, sb. sculking, ambush, S2, B.—Cp. Dan. skulke, to slink.

Scred, pr. s. clothes, S; see Schrouden.

Scrippe, sb. scrip, bag, S, S2, W; see Schrippe.

Scriptour, sb. pencase, S3.—OF. escriptoire, a penner (Cotg.); Late Lat. scriptorium, pencase (Ducange).

Scrit, sb. writing, document, S2; scrip, Sh.; script, SkD.—OF. escrit, escript; Lat. scriptum.

Scrud, sb. dress, S; see Schroud.

Scruden, v. to clothe, S; see Schrouden.

Sculde, should; see Scholde.

Sculptilis, sb. pl. idols, W2.—Lat. sculptile, a carved image (Vulg.).

Se, pron. dem. m. and def. art. m. that, the, S. Comb.: se þe, that man that, he who, S; se þet, he that, S.—AS. se. Cf. Seo.

Se, so, as, S; see Swa.

Se, sb. sea; see See.

Se, sb. see; see See.

Sead, adj. satiated, S; see Sad.

Sealte, sb. dat. salt, S2; see Salt.

Sealte, adj. salt, S2; see Salt.

Searce, Searse; see Sarce, sb. and v.

Seare, adj. sere, S3; see Seere.

Seawede, pt. s. showed, S; see Schewen.

Sechen, v. to seek, S, S2, C, PP; sekyn, Prompt.; seke, PP, S, S2; schechen, S; sohte, pt. s., S, S2; soȝte, S; soȝt, S2; soght, pl., S2; socht, S3; y-soht, pp., S2. Phr.: to seke, at a loss, S3.—AS. sécan (pt. sóhte, pp. gesóht): OS. sókian.

Seck, sb. sack, S; see Sak.

Secre, adj. secret, S2, C, C3; secree, C2. Comb.: Secre of Secrees, Secreta Secretorum (name of a book), C3.—OF. secre; Lat. secretum.

Secrely, adv. secretly, C2.

Secrenesse, sb. secrecy, C3.

Secte, sb. a suite, following, sect, religion, suit, apparel, PP, C2.—OF. secte (Cotg.); Late Lat. secta, a set of people, a following, a suit of clothes, a suit in law; Lat. secta, a faction, from sec- base of sequi, to follow.

Sectour, sb. executor of a will, PP, S3, Cath.; secatour, HD; secture, HD; seketowre, Prompt.; secutour, PP.—AF. executour; Lat. executorem, executor of a will.

Sed, sb. seed, PP, S, S2; seed, PP; seod, PP; seð, S. Comb.: seed-leep, seed-basket, PP.—AS. sǽd: Goth. sēps; cp. OHG. sát (Tatian); see Brugmann, § 75.

Sede, pt. s. said; see Seggen.

See, sb. see, seat, S3, C2, PP; se, S3, PP.—OF. se, sed; Lat. sedem.

See, sb. sea, Prompt., S, C2; se, S, S2; sey, S3; sæ, S; sa, S; sees, pl., S2. Comb.: se-bare, sea-wave, surge, S2; se-calues, sea-calves, seals, S2; se-halues, sea-coasts, S2.—AS. sǽ: Goth. saiws.

Seek, adj. sick, C; see Sek.

Seel, sb. seal, C3, P, Prompt.; sehel, PP.—OF. sëel; Lat. sigillum.

Seeled, pp. cieled, WW (s.v. cieled); see Ceelen.

Seelen, v. to seal, PP; selen, P; seled, pp., C3.

Seeling, sb. a sealing, W2.

Seere, adj. sere, dry, withered, SkD, Prompt.; seare, S3.—AS. *séar; cp. Low G. soor, dry.

Seeryn, v. to become dry, Prompt.—AS. séarian. Cf. Soyr.

Seet, pt. s. sat, C, G; see Sitten.

Seet, sb. seat, G; see Sete.

Seeth, pt. s. boiled, C2; see Sethen.

Seg, sb. a man, lad, nuncius, vir, S2, PP; segge, P, WA, HD; sege, HD.—AS. secg: OTeut. *sagjoz, see Sievers, 130.

Sege, sb. seat, siege, S3, W, C, C2, Prompt.; segys, pl., H.—AF. sege; Late Lat. *sedicum, from Lat. sedes; see BH, § 133. See See.

Segen on, v. to make to sink, to cast down, S.—AS. on-sǽgan, ‘prosternere’ (Grein).

Segge, sb. sedge, S, Prompt., Voc.—AS. secg, sedge, also sword, see Sievers, 258.

Seggen, v. to say, S, S2, S3, P; segen, S; sægen, S; seigen, S; siggen, S, S2; sygge, S2, S3; sayn, S2, C; zigge, S2; seien, S; seie, S3, C; sei, P; sæin, S; seyen, S; seyn, S2, C2; seȝen, S; seiȝ, S2; zay, S2; sehð, pr. s., S; seiþ, S2; seyþ, S2; zayþ, S2; seistow, sayest thou, C3; seien, pr. pl., S2; sæde, pt. s., S; sade, S; sede, S, S2; sæide, S; sayde, C2; seyde, C2; seide, S2, C; seidestow, saidst thou, S2; sugge, 2 pr. s. subj., S; ȝe-sed, pp., S; i-said, S; i-segd, S; i-seid, S; ised, S, S2; seyd, C2; yzed, S2; iset, S; iseit, S (3 b. 14); seyne, gerund., C2.—AS. secgan, pt. sǽde, pp. gesǽd.

Sehte, adj. reconciled, S; see Saht.

Sehtnesse, sb. peace, reconciliation, S; see Sahtnesse.

Sei, Seih, saw; see Seon.

Seily, adj. simple, humble, S3; see Sely.

Sein, pp. seen; see Seon.

Seint, adj. and sb. holy, saint, S, S2, C2; seynt, PP; sein, S, S2; seintes, pl., C2; seyntis, W2.—OF. seint, saint; Lat. sanctum. Cf. Sant.

Seintuarie, sb. sanctuary, SD; seyntewarie, PP; sayntuaryes, pl., holy things, relics of saints, S3.—AF. saintuarie, also seintuarye, holy relics; Lat. sanctuarium.

Seir, adj. separate, S3; see Ser.

Seirse, v. to search; seirsand, pr. p., S3. See Cerchen.

Seise, v. to seize, possess, SkD; sese, PP, B; seised, pp., possessed of, S2.—OF. seisir, sesir, sazir, to put in possession; Low Lat. sacire (Ducange); OHG. sazjan, to set, sezzan (Tatian); see Brachet (s.v. saisir).

Seisine, sb. possession, S2; seysyne, SkD.—AF. seisine.

Sek, sb. sack, S2; see Sak.

Sek, adj. sick, S, S2; seek, PP, C; sik, S, G; syk, G; sic, S; seke, S; sike, S, C; zyke, S2; sijke, W; sikly, adv., with ill-will, C2.—AS. séoc: Goth. siuks.

Seke, v. to seek, S, S2; see Sechen.

Sekir, adj. sure, WA; see Siker.

Seknesse, sb. sickness, S2, C; secnesse, S; siknesse, C2; sykenesse, P; sekenesse, S2.—AS. séocnes.

Sel, sb. happiness, occasion, time, S; seel, Prompt.; sele, S2.—AS. sǽl.

Sel, adj. timely, good, S.—AS. sél (Grein): Goth. sels.

Selde, adj. pl. few, C2; adv., seldom, S, S2, C, C2, G, PP; selden, S2, P; seldene, S2; seldum, S. Comb.: seld-hwonne, seldom, S; seld-sene, rarely seen, SD; seld-speche, taciturnity, SD.—AS. seld; see Sweet.

Self, pron. self, ipse, S; seolf, S; silf, W; selue, S; sulf, S, S2; sulve, S, S2; zelue, S2; seolue, acc., S; seoluen, pl., S; sielfe, S; sulf, S.—AS. self.

Selke, sb. silk, P; silke, P; seolke, S.—AS. seolc (Voc.); Russ. sholk; Lat. sericum; cp. Icel. silki; see SkD (p. 828).

Selkouth, adj. and sb. wonderful, a wonder, S2, H, PP; selcouth, S2, S3, PP; selcuth, S, S2, WA; selkow, Prompt.—AS. seld-cúð.

Selkouth, v. to make wonderful, H.

Selle, sb. cell, C, P; see Celle.

Sellen, v. to give, sell, Prompt., C; sullen, S, S2; sylle, S2; selde, pt. s., W; seelde, W; sald, S2; seeld, pp., W, W2; seld, W; sald, S2.—AS. sellan (syllan): OS. sellian: Goth. saljan.

Seller, sb. seller, dealer, PP; suller, S2; siller, W2.

Seller, sb. cellar, G; seler, W2; see Celer.

Sellich, adj. wonderful, illustrious, S; sellic, S; seollich, S; sulliche, adv., S; selli, S2.—AS. sellic: OS. seldlik; cp. Goth. sildalciks.

Selðe, sb. happiness, advantage, HD; selhðe, S.—AS. (ge)sǽlð. See Sel.

Selure, sb. canopy, ceiling, S3; seloure, HD; selour, EETS (78); celure, EETS (78); silour, EETS (78); sylure, celatura, Prompt.; silloure, WA; syllure, MD.—OF. *celeüre; Late Lat. caelatura (Ducange).

Seluer, sb. silver, S, S2; see Siluer.

Sely, adj. happy, blessed, simple, humble, S2, S3, C, C2, C3; seely, S3; seilye, S3; seli, S.—AS. sǽlig: OHG. sálig (Tatian).

Selyn, v. to line the inner roof of a room, Prompt. See Ceelen.

Semblable, adj. like, S3, PP.—OF. semblable.

Semblably, adv. similarly, S3.

Semblance, sb. appearance, S2.—AF. semblance.

Sembland, adj. like, PP.

Semblant, sb. appearance, countenance, S, S2, C2; semblaunt, S, W, PP; sembland, S2.—AF. semblant.

Semble, v. to seem; sembeles, pr. s., S2.—OF. sembler; Lat. simulare.

Semble, v. to assemble, PP; sembled, pt. s., S2; semblyt, S3; semblyde, pl., S3.—OF. asembler; Late Lat. assimulare.

Semble, sb. assembly, S2, PP; semblee, S2.—AF. assemble, assemblee.

Seme, sb. load, S, P; seem, Prompt., P.—AS. séam: Low Lat. sauma (salma), sagma; Gr. σάγμα, a pack-saddle; see ZRP (2. 537), cp. Kluge (s.v. saum).

Semen, v. to load, to be a weight, S.—AS. séman, from séam; see above.

Semen, v. to make two parties the same, to conciliate, hence to suit, to appear suitable or seemly, later, to seem, S; seme, S2; seme, to reconcile, S; semet, pr. s., seems fitting, S. Phr.: to my seminge, as it appears to me, C2.—AS. séman, ge-séman. See Some.

Semi-, adj. half. Comb.: semy-cope, a short cope, C.

Semliche, adj. seemly, S2; semeliche, PP; semely, C, C2, WA; semlike, S; semly, S2; semeli, W2; semlokest, superl., S2.—AS. *sémelic; cp. Icel. sæmiligr.

Sen, afterwards, since, H, S2, S3, WA; see Siððen.

Sen, seven, H; see Seuen.

Sen, pp. seen; see Seon.

Sence, sb. incense; see Sens.

Senche, sb. draught, S; see Schench.

Senchen, v. to cause to sink; senchtest, 2 pt. s., S.—AS. sencan, causal of sincan. See Sinken.

Cross-reference could not be located.

Sendal, sb. a fine stuff, C; sendel, H; see Cendal.

Senden, v. to send, S; sende, S2; send, pr. s., S; sent, S, S2, C2; zent, S2; sendes, S; sent, imp. s., S2; sende, pt. s., S, S2; send, S3; pl., S2; senten, S2; send, pp., S; y-sent, S2, C3; i-sent, S; i-send, S; i-sende, S.—AS. sendan: OS. sendian: Goth. sandjan.

Senden, are; see Sinden.

Senden, v. to reproach, S; see Schenden.

Sene, adj. evident, S, S2, C2.—AS. (ge)sýne.

Sene, pp. provided. Phr.: well sene, well furnished, S3, HD. See Seon.

Seneuey, sb. mustard, W; seneueye, W; seneuei, W.—OF. senevé, mustard (Cotg.); an adjectival form from senve; Lat. sinapi (Vulg.); Gr. σίναπι; see Brachet (s.v. sanve).

Seneȝen, v. to sin; see Sunegen.

Senged, pp. sun-burnt, S3 (p. 364, l. 29); see Sengin.

Sengin, v. to singe, burn on the surface; seengyn, Prompt.; seynd, pp., C; seynkt, Prompt.; sengt, Prompt.—AS. sengan (in be-sengan), causal of singan, to sing.

Senne, sb. sin, S; see Sunne.

Sens, since, S3; see Siððen.

Sens, sb. incense, S3; sence, Prompt., Cath.; sense, PP.—AF. ensens, encens; Lat. incensum, lit. what is burned (Vulg.).

Sensing, sb. use of incense, S3; sencynge, Prompt.

Sentence, sb. sense, meaning, opinion, matter of a story, verdict, C, C2, C3; sentens, PP.—AF. sentence; Lat. sententia.

Seofe, seven, S; see Seuen.

Seolf, self, S; see Self.

Seolke, sb. silk, S; see Selke.

Seollich, adj. wonderful, S; see Sellich.

Seoluer, sb. silver, S; see Siluer.

Seon, v. to see, S, PP; seo, S, S2; seen, S; sen, S; se, S2, W2; imp. s., S; pl., W; see, may (God) see, S2; sest, 2 pr. s., S; sist, S, S2; sixt, S2; seð, pr. s., S; seoþ, pl., S2; seð, S2, P; sei, 2 pt. s., S2; sæh, pt. s., S; seh, S, S2; sih, S2; siȝ, S2, W; syȝ, S2; sye, S3; sy, C3; seȝ, S, S2; sey, S2, C2, G; seiȝ, S2, S3; seigh, C; seih, G; seyh, G; sag, S; sagh, S2; saugh, S3, C, G; saȝ, S; sauȝ, S; sawh, S2; say, S2, S3, C, W, G; sayȝ, S2; saye, W; saie, W; saiȝ, W; sawȝ, W; sihen, pl., S2; syȝen, S2; seien, W; seiȝen, W; seen, W; siȝen, W; sien, W; syen, W; saien, W; sayn, W; saye, W; seye, S2; seand, pr. p., S3; seynge, W2; seyn, pp., S2, C, W; seȝen, S2; sein, S2; sen, S; seie, S2; sien, W2; siȝ, W; say, W; y-seiȝen, PP; y-sein, PP; seen, ger., S3; zyenne, S2.—AS. séon, pt. seah (pl. sáwon, sǽgon), pp. sewen (sawen), also ge-segen. AS. séon (for *sehwon): Goth. saihwan; cp. Lat. sequ-or, I follow; see Brugmann, § 419.

Seoð, are, S; see Sinden.

Seouen, seven, S; see Seuen.

Seowen, v. to sew, S; see Sewen.

Sep, pl. sheep, S; see Scheep.

Septemtrioun, sb. the North, C2.—OF. septentrion; Late Lat. septentrionem (Voc.); from Lat. septemtriones, a name for the constellation of the Great Bear.

Sepulture, sb. tomb, S3, C3; sepultures, pl., burials, S3.—AF. sepulture; Lat. sepultura.

Ser, adj. separate, several, different, various, S2, B; sere, S2, H, WA; seir, S3, B. Der.: sernes, variety, H; sernessis, pl., H; sernesis, H; serelepy, separate, WA; serelepes, separately, PP.—Cp. usages of Icel. sér, to himself, used in many compounds, as sér-liga, apart, particularly.

Sercle, sb. circle, W2; see Cercle.

Serewe, sb. sorrow, S; see Sorwe.

Serge, sb. a taper, Cath.; see Cerge.

Sergeant, sb. servant, serjeant, C, C2, C3; seriaunt, P; serganȝ, pl., S; seriauntes, S2; seriauntz, P; seriauns, S2, PP.—AF. serjant; Lat. seruientem; see BH, § 162.

Serk, sb. sark, shirt, PP, S, S3, G; sark, S3; serke, P.—Icel. serkr.

Sermone, v. to preach, speak, C3.

Sermonyng, sb. preaching, C.

Sermoun, sb. sermon, writing, C2; sarmoun, P.—AF. sermoun; Lat. sermonem.

Sertes, adv. certainly, S2; see Certes.

Seruage, sb. servitude, thraldrom, S2, C, C2, C3, W, Prompt.—OF. servage.

Seruin, v. to serve, to deserve, S, S2; sarui, S; serue, H, PP; serwis, 2 pr. s., S3; serwit, pt. s., S3; y-served, pp., C, P; i-serued, S.—AF. servir; Lat. seruire.

Seruisable, adj. serviceable, C3.

Seruise, sb. service, S; seruyse, C2.—OF. servise; Lat. seruitium; see BH, § 129.

Seruitute, sb. servitude, C2.—OF. servitute; Lat. seruitutem; see Constans.

Serwe, sb. sorrow, S; see Sorwe.

Serwish, adj. imperiosus, Manip.

Serye, sb. series, C, CM.—Lat. seriem.

Seryows, adj. ‘sad and feythefulle,’ Prompt.; seriouse, seriosus, Manip.; seryouse, earnest, Palsg.—Late Lat. seriosus; from Lat. serius, grave, earnest.

Seryowsly, adv. seriously; ceriously, minutely, with full details, S2, C3.—Late Lat. seriose, ‘fuse, minutatim’ (Ducange).

Sese, v. to seize; see Seise.

Sesoun, sb. season, C3; cesoun, W2.—AF. seson, OF. saison; Lat. sationem, a sowing.

Set, pt. s. sat, S; see Sitten.

Sete, sb. seat, Cath., S, C2, PP; seet, G.—AS. seto, seotu (OET).

Sete, adj. suitable, H (p. xxv).—Icel. sætt, endurable, from sitja, to sit.

Setel, sb. seat, SD; seotel, S; settle, S. Comb.: setel-gang, sunset, S2.—AS. setl; cp. Goth. sitls.

Seterday, Saturday, P; see Satern.

Seð, sb. seed, S; see Sed.

Sethen, v. to seethe, Prompt.; seeth, pt. s., seethed, boiled, C2; y-sode, pp., S2.—AS. séoðan, pt. s., séað, pp. soden. Cf. Swiðen.

Seððen, afterwards, since, S, S2, G; seðen, S, S2; seþþe, S2; see Siððen.

Setlen, v. to cause to rest, also to sink to rest, subside, settle, SkD; sattel, S2, S3, SkD; satelyn, Prompt.; saȝtled, pt. s., S2 [see SkD s.v. settle].—AS. setlan, to fix, settle (Grein).

Setnesse, sb. an appointed order, institute, SD.—AS. (ge)setnis. Cf. Asetnesse.

Sette, sb. a young plant, a shoot; settys, pl., S3.

Setten, v. to set, place, appoint, S; sett, to set, watch game, S2; setis, pr. s., S; settes, 2 pr. s., S2; sette, pt. s., S, S2, S3; zette, S2; sætte, S; set, 2 pt. s., S2; settide, pt. s., W; settiden, pl., W; sette, G; settand, pr. p., S2; set, pp., S; i-set, S, S2; i-sett, S; i-sette, S; y-set, S2, S3, C2, C3.—AS. settan: Goth. satjan, to cause to sit; see Douse, p. 113. See Sitten.

Seurte, sb. surety, C; see Surety.

Seuen, num. seven, PP; seue, PP, S; seouen, S; seove, S; seofe, S; seuene, PP; seouene, S; sen, H; zeue, S2; seofen, S.—AS. seofon; cp. Goth. sibun, Lat. septem, Gr. ἑπτά. For the Goth. termination -un, see Brugmann, §§ 223, 224.

Seuend, num. ord. seventh, S2.

Seue-niht, sb. sennight, week, S; souenyht, S.

Seuen-tene, num. seventeen, Prompt.; sewintine, S3.

Seueþe, num. ord. seventh, S2, PP; seoueðe, S; soueþe, S; seofeþe, S.

Sew, pt. s. sowed, H; see Sowen.

Sewane, sb. savin (a herb), S3. See Saueine.

Sewe, sb. juice, broth, gravy, delicacy, C2, Cath., HD; sew, HD; sæw, S.—AS. séaw.

Sewen, v. to sew, suere, W2; seowen, S; sewide, pt. s., W2; y-sewed, pp., S3.—AS. siwian: Goth. siujan; see Brugmann, § 120.

Sewen, v. to follow, PP, C, S2. Der.: sewyngly, in order, S2. See Suen.

Sewen, v. Phr.: to sewe at ye mete, deponere, apponere, to set upon the table, Cath., Prompt. See below.

Sewer, sb. bearer of dishes, dapifer, S2, Voc.; seware, Prompt.; asseour, NED; assewer, NED.—AF. assëour, he who sets the table (Ducange); from OF. assëoir, to set, to place; Late Lat. adsedēre.

Sewintene, seventeen, S3; see Seuen-tene.

Sexe, six, S; see Sixe.

Sexte, sixth; see Sixte.

Sexteyn, sb. sacristan, sexton, C2; see Sacristane.

Seych, sb. sigh, S3; see Syke.

Seyed, pp. passed, lit. swayed, S2; see Sweyen.

Seyen, v. to say; see Seggen.

Seyl, sb. sail, Prompt., S, C; seil, S; seiies, pl., S2; seales, S3.—AS. segl.

Seylen, v. to sail, Prompt.; sayle, C2; saland, pr. p., S3.—AS. (ge)seglian.

Seyn, pp. seen; see Seon.

Seynen, v. to make a sign, esp. the sign of the cross, PP; saine, to bless, HD; seyned, pt. s., P; sanyt, S2.—OF. seigner (Bartsch); Lat. signare.

Seynd, pp. singed, C; see Sengin.

Seynt, sb. girdle, C; see Ceinte.

Seȝen, v. to say, S; see Seggen.

Sh-. For many words beginning with these letters, see Sch-.

Shadde, pt. s. shed, poured, C2; see Scheden.

Shæd, sb. discretion, S.—AS. (ge)scéad. See Scheden.

Shæfess, pl. sheaves, S; see Scheef.

Shæwen, v. to shew, S; see Schewen.

Sheeuering, pr. p. shivering, S3; see Chiueren.

Sheo, pron. dem., def. art., pron. pers. f., illa, that, the, she, PP; scheo, SD; scho, S3, PP; sho, S, H; sco, S2; seo, S; sche, C, PP; che, S2; si, S; scæ, S. Comb.: zi þet, she that, SD (s.v. se).—AS. séo; cp. OHG. siu (Tatian).

Sherch, v. to search, S3; see Cerchen.

Sho, she, S; see Sheo.

Shode; see under Scheden.

Shriues, pl. sheriffs, S2; see under Schyre.

Si, she, S; see Sheo.

Si, let there be, S; see Sinden.

Sibbe, sb. and adj. peace, relationship, affinis, related, SD, S, P; sybbe, Prompt.; sib, S; syb, P. Comb.: sib-man, ‘affinis,’ HD; sib-nesse, affinity, SD; sib-reden, relationship, SD; sibrede, HD; sybrede, banns of matrimony, Prompt.; cybrede, Prompt.; sib-sum, peaceable, SD; sib-sumnesse, friendship, SD.—AS. sib(b), peace, relationship: Goth. sibja; cp. OHG. sibba, peace (Tatian), relationship (Otfrid). See Sievers, 257.

Sic, adj. sick, S; see Sek.

Sicer, sb. strong drink, C2; siser, C2 (n); ciser, C2 (n), MD.—Low Lat. sicera (Vulg.); Gr. σίκερα (LXX); Heb. shēkar (Deut. 29. 6). Cf. Sidir.

Siche, adj. such, W; see Swyche.

Sicht, pt. s. sighed, S3; see Syken.

Siclatoun, sb. a costly silk texture, CM; sicladoun, CM; see Ciclatun.

Sidir, sb. strong drink, cider, S3, W, MD; sidur, W2; sider, MD; sydyr, Prompt.; sedyr, Prompt.; cyder, C2 (n); cedyr, Prompt.; syther, Cath., S2; sythir, C2 (n).—OF. sidre (cidre), sisdre; Low Lat. sicera (Voc.); Gr. σίκερα (Luke 1. 15); cp. Sp. sidra (Deut. 29. 6). See Sicer.

Sigaldren, sb. pl. sorceries, S.—Icel. seið-galdr, enchantment by spells. See Grimm, Teut. M. pp. 1035-1043.

Sigaldrie, sb. enchantment, SD; sigaldry, HD.

Sigaldrien, v. to bewitch; sygaldryd, pt. s., HD.

Siggen, v. to say; see Seggen.

Sighte, sb. sight, providence, appearance, PP, C; sihðe, S; syhte, S; syȝt, S2; zygþe, S2; zyȝþe, S2; sihte, S; siȝte, S.—AS. (ge)sihð (gesiht).

Signe, sb. sign, portent, PP; see Syng.

Signefiance, sb. meaning, S.—OF. signefiance.

Signefien, v. to signify, mean, S.—AF. signefier.

Sihen, pt. pl. saw, S2; see Seon.

Sik, adj. sick, S; see Sek.

Sike, adj. such, S3; see Swyche.

Siker, adj. secure, sure, trusty, S, S2, C3, P; sikir, W; sekir, B; zykere, S2; zikere, S2; syker, S3, P; adv., truly, S3; sikerer, comp., S3, C; sikerere, P; sikerest, superl., S2. Comb.: sikerhede, security, SD; sikerlec, surety, pledge, SD; sikerliche, surely, certainly, S; sykerlych, S2; sikerlike, S; sikerly, S3, C, C2, P; sykerly, H; sekirly, B; sikernesse, security, S, S2, C2, C3; sicernesse, S; sykernes, S2; sikirnesse, W; sykirnes, H; sekirnes, B.—OS. sikor; Late Lat. sĕcurus (with accent on the first syllable); cp. OHG. sichor (Otfrid). Cf. Sure.

Siknesse, sb. sickness, C2; see Seknesse.

Sikul, sb. sickle, P; sykel, PP; sykyl, Prompt.—AS. sicel (Voc.); Lat. secula.

Silc, adj. such, S2; see Swyche.

Silden, v. to shield, S; see Schelden.

Silke, sb. silk, P; see Selke.

Silour; see Selure.

Siluer, sb. silver, S, C3; seoluer, S; suluer, S2; seluer, S, S2; siluere, dat., S; selure, S.—OMerc. sylfur, AS. silfor (seolfor): OS. silubar, Goth. silubr; see Sievers, 107.

Simle, adv. ever, for ever, S.—AS. simle (symle) for simble: OS. simbla; cp. OHG. simbulum (Tatian).

Sinden, pr. pl. are; sinndenn, S; senden, S; seoð, S; si, pr. s. subj., let (there) be, S; seon, subj. pl., may be, S.—AS. syndun, pr. pl., sí, pr. s. subj., síen, pl., see Sievers, 427.

Sinegen, v. to sin, S; see Sunegen.

Sinen, pp. shone, S; see Schynen.

Sinne, sb. sin, S; see Sunne.

Siouns, sb. pl. branches, W2; see Syon.

Sipes, pl. ships, S; see Schip.

Si-quar; see under Sið.

Sire, sb. a prince, king, lord, father, master, a term used in addressing knights, kings, S, S2, P, G; syr, Prompt.—AF. sire (for *se’ior); Lat. senior, older; so F. pire; Lat. peior, worse.

Sis, six, C2; see Sixe.

Siser, sb. strong drink; see Sicer.

Sisour, sb. juror, PP; sysour, P; see Asisour.

Sisoure, sb. a person deputed to hold assizes, juryman, P, S2, G; sisour, PP; sysour, PP.—Low Lat. assisorem (Ducange), from OF. a(s)sise, a sitting down, also a settlement, pp. fem. of aseeir; Lat. assidēre, to sit at.

Sist, seest; see Seon.

Siste, sixth, S; see Sixte.

Sistren, pl. sisters, C; see Suster.

Site, sb. grief, S2; syte, WA, HD.—Icel. sút; AS. suht; cp. OHG. suht (Otfrid), Goth. sauhts, sickness.

Siten, v. to grieve, S2. See above.

Sið, sb. time, SD; siðe, dat., S; sith, pl., H; syth, H; siðe, C, S2, PP; sythe, H, C2, C3; sythes, S2, PP; sithis, W, S3; sithes, PP; zyþe, S2; ziþe, S2 (9. 72). Comb.: oft-sith (= Lat. sæpe), H; si-quar (for sið-quar), time when, S2.—AS. síð, journey, turn, time: Goth. sinths; cp. OHG. sind, ‘via’ (Otfrid), Icel. sinn.

Siððen, adv. and conj. afterwards, since, S, C, G; siþþe, S2, S3; siðen, S, S3, C; siðe, S, S3; sith, S2, S3, G; seoððan, S; seoððen, S; seoððe, S; seððen, S, S2, G; seðen, S, S2; seðe, S; syth, S3, C; seþþe, S2; suþþe, S, S2; syþþen, S2; sythen, S2, S3; sen, H, S2, S3; syn, S2, S3; syne, S2, S3; sens, S3.—AS. síððan.

Sitten, v. to sit, cost, befit, S, P; sytte, PP, S3; zitte, S2; sit, pr. s., C, S2, G, PP; sitt, PP; sits, S3; set, pt. s., S; seet, C, G; sæt, S; setten, pl., S; sete, S, G; seten, C2, W; seeten, C; saten, G; seten, pp., S, C; syttyn, S2.—AS. sittan, pt. sæt (pl. sǽton), pp. seten.

Sixe, num. six, S, PP; sexe, S; sax, S3; sis, C2; sys, C2.—AS. six.

Sixt, seest; see Seon.

Sixte, ord. sixth, S; syxte, PP; sexte, S, S2; sæxte, S; siste, S.—AS. sixta.

Siȝe, sb. victory, SD; si, SD; sy, S.—AS. sige: Goth. sigis; cp. OHG. sig (Tatian).

Siȝe-craft, sb. magic art, SD. See Sigaldren.

Siȝede, pt. s. sighed, S3; see Syken.

Siȝen, pt. pl. saw; see Seon.

Skaffaut, sb. an engine of war used by besiegers, CM; scafalde, procestrium, Cath.; scafold, stage, Prompt., SkD; scaffould, theatrum, scena, Manip.; schaffalde, stage, Cath. (n); skaffold, Cath. (n).—OF. escafaut (eschafaut); cp. OF. chafaut (chaffaut), Low Lat. chaafallum, chaufaudus, a wooden tower used against besiegers; cp. also It. catafalco. The origin of this word of various forms is absolutely unknown.

Skaith, sb. harm, S3; see Scaðe.

Skalk, sb. scalp, H; skalke, H; skalkys, pl., H.

Skalle, sb. scabbiness on the head, scall, SkD.

Skalled, adj. scabby, C.

Skalp, sb. scalp, H (Ps. 7. 17); scalp, SkD.

Skarrit, 1 pt. s. was scared, S3; see Skerren.

Skathe, sb. harm, C, G; skath, H; see Scaðe.

Skeet, adj. swift; adv. soon, quickly, G; skete, HD; sket, S, HD.—Icel. skjótr, swift; adv. skjótt.

Skele, sb. reason, S2; see Skyl.

Skenten, v. to amuse, SD.—Icel. skemta, to amuse, to shorten, from skamr, short.

Skentinge, sb. amusement, S, SD.

Sker, adv. clean, entirely, S; see Schere.

Skerren, v. to scare, frighten, to be frightened, SD; skeren, Prompt.; scarren, SD; skarrit, 1 pt. s., S3; skerrit, SD.—Icel. skirra, to prevent, reflex. to shrink from.

Skewe, sb. sky, S2; see Skye.

Skey, adj. shy (as a horse), Prompt.; see Schey.

Skeymowse, adj. disdainful, scornful, abhominativus, Prompt.; queymows, Prompt.; sweymows, Prompt.; squaymous, CM; squeamous, CM; squaymose, verecundus, Cath.; skoymus, disdainful, Cath. (n); squeamish, coy, precise (of a young girl), Cotg. (s.v. sucrée); fastidious, Baret.

Skil, sb. reason, H; see Skyl.

Skilwise, adj. reasonable, discreet, H; scilwis, H; skilwisly, adv., H.

Skinden, v. to hasten, S.—Icel. skynda, skunda; cp. AS. scyndan.

Sklayre, sb. a veil, P; scleyre, PP; skleire, PP; skleir, PP.—Cp. G. schleier, Du. sluijer.

Sklither, adj. slippery (= Lat. lubricus), H; cf. Slider.

Sklythirynge, sb. liability to fall, H.

Skowtez, pr. s. pries, looks, S2; see Scouten.

Skye, sb. cloud, sky, Prompt.; skewe, S2; skwe, S2; schew, WA; skyes, pl., PP.—Icel. ský, cloud.

Skyl, sb. discernment, reason, skill, Prompt.; skil, H; skill, S; skyle, S2; skile, S, C2, W; skille, S2; skele, S2; skiles, pl., reasons, C2, H; skilles, S2, H.—Icel. skil, distinction, discernment.

Skylfulle, adj. reasonable, discerning, Prompt.; skilful, W2, C3.

Skylly, perhaps dispersing (?), S2.

Skyualde, perhaps scramble (?), S2.

Sla, v. to slay, S2; see Sleen.

Slade, sb. a valley, Manip., ND.—AS. slǽd.

Slagen, pp. slain, S; see Sleen.

Slaht, sb. slaughter, SD; slaȝt, S2.—AS. sleaht.

Slaine, Slawen; see Sleen.

Slak, sb. ravine, a hollow, depression, gap or pass between two hills, S3, B; slack, the low ground, HD; a common (in Yorkshire), NQ (1. 10. 400).

Slak, adj. slack, Prompt.; slac, S2; slake, dat., C.—AS. sleac: OS. slak.

Slakien, v. to be slack, to make loose, S, W; slake, to become less grievous, S2; to slacken, cease, C2; slakeþ, pr. s., burns low, S2; assuages, C2.—AS. slacian.

Slape, sb. sleep, S; see Slepe.

Slatten, v. to throw down, to slap; slat, HD; sleateð, pr. pl., S.

Slaunder; see Sclaundre.

Slaueren, v. to slaver, to let the saliva fall from the mouth, S2.

Slawe, adj. slow, S3; see Slowe.

Slaȝt, sb. slaughter, S2; see Slaht.

Sle, adj. sly, cunning, S3; see Sly.

Sleen, v. to slay, PP, C2; slee, PP, S3, W, G; sle, S, S3, PP; slen, PP; slean, S; slæn, S; slon, S; slo, S; sla, S2; sleað, pr. s., S; sleth, S3; sleeth, C; sleað, pl., S; slaȝeð, S; slage, S; sloh, pt. s., S; sloȝ, S; slou, S, S2; slow, S2, S3; slowe, W; slouh, S2; slouȝ, S2; slough, S3, C; sloghen, pl., S; sloȝen, S; slowe, S2; slowen, W; sloȝe, S; slogh, S2; sloughe, S3; slo, pr. subj., 2 p., S2; slen, pl., S; slagen, pp., S; slaine, S; slawen, C2; slayn, C2; sleie, S2; slawe, S3, C; slean, S3; y-slayn, C3; i-slawe, S2; y-slawe, C3; i-sleiene, pl., S.—AS. sléan (for slahan), pt. slóh (pl. slógon), pp. slægen, also slegen.

Sleet, sb. sleet, Prompt.; slet, SD.—Cp. G. schlosse.

Slegh, adj. cunning, S2; sleh, S; see Sly.

Sleght, sb. cunning, S2; sleht, S; see Sleythe.

Slendyr; see Sclender.

Slepe, sb. sleep, S, S2, Prompt.; slape, S; slep, S.—AS. slǽp: OS. sláp; cp. OFris. slép.

Slepen, v. to sleep, S; slep, pt. s., S, S3; slepte, (weak form), C2, PP; slepen, pl., PP.—AS. slǽpan, pt. slép; a reduplicating verb, see Douse, p. 48.

Slepyng, sb. sleep, S2.

Sleðrende, pr. p. falling like snow, S.

Sleuth, sb. track, trail, slot, S2, B; sluth, B; slewth, B; sloð, S, SkD. Comb.: sleuth-hund, a sleuth-hound, S2.—Icel. slóð.

Sleuþe, sb. sloth, S2, P; sleuth, H; see Slouthe.

Sleue, sb. sleeve, C3, Prompt.—AS. sléfe.

Sleueles, adj. sleeveless, useless, HD.

Sley, adj. sly, S2; see Sly.

Sleythe, sb. cunning, skill, falsehood, trick, Prompt., PP; sleithe, PP; sleȝþe, S2; slehþe, SD, PP; slithe, PP; slyþe, PP; sleighte, PP, C, C2, C3; sleht, S; sleght, S2.—Icel. slægð (for slœgð). See Sly.

Sliden, v. to slide, PP; slit, pr. s., C3; slod, pt. s., S2; slode, pl., PP; slide, pp., W2.—AS. slídan, pt. slád, pp. sliden.

Slider, adj. slippery, C; slidir, W2; slydyr, Prompt. See Sklither.

Slidernesse, sb. slipperyness; slydirnesse, W2; slydyrnesse, Prompt.

Slih, adj. cunning, experienced, S2; see Sly.

Slike, adj. such, H.—Icel. slíkr.

Slikien, v. to smoothe, to polish, SD; slyken, P; slicke, S3; isliked, S.

Sliper, adj. slippery, SD; slipper, S3, Sh.—AS. slipor (Leo).

Slitten, v. to slit, pierce, SD; slytyn, Prompt.; slyttyng, pr. p., piercing (of language), S2; islit, pp., S.—AS. slítan.

Slo, vb. to slay, S; slon, S; sloh, pt. s., S; see Sleen.

Slod, pt. s. slid, S2; see Sliden.

Slogardye, sb. sloth, C3; see Sluggardy.

Sloh, sb. slough, PP; slough, C2, C3.—AS. slóh.

Slokyn, v. to slake, quench, H, Cath.; slokin, S3; slokke, PP; slokynd, pp., H; slekynd, H.—Cp. Icel. slökva. Cf. Slakien.

Slomeren, v. to slumber, Cath., Prompt.; slumeren, SD; slombred, pt. s., P.

Slomering, sb. slumbering, S3.

Slong, pp. cast away, S3; see Slyngen.

Sloppar, adj. slippery, S3.

Sloterin, v. maculare, SD; sloterd, pp., bespattered, S2.

Sloð, sb. track, trail, S; see Sleuth.

Slough; see Sloh.

Slouthe, sb. sloth, S2, C3, PP; slouhðe, S; sleuȝþe, S2, PP; sleuþe, S2, P; slewthe, C3, PP; sleuth, H, PP.—AS. slǽwð. See below.

Slow, Sloȝe; see Sleen.

Slowe, adj. and sb. slow, sluggish, a lazy man, PP, S; slow, W2; slouh, S; slawe, S3; slaw, S2.—AS. sláw.

Sluggardy, sb. sloth, S3; slogardye, C3; sloggardye, C.

Slugge, adj. slothful, Prompt.

Sluggen, v. to slug, to be inactive, SkD.

Sluggy, adj. slothful, Prompt.

Sly, adj. sly, cunning, skilful, Prompt.; sliȝ, W; slih, S2; sley, S2; slegh, S2; sleh, S; sleȝ, S2; sle, S3.—Icel. slægr (for slœgr).

Slyly, adv. cunningly, Prompt.; sleighly, prudently, C.

Slynge, sb. sling, PP.

Slyngen, v. to sling, hurl, throw away, PP, Prompt.; slonge, pt. pl., S2; slong, pp., S3; slungin, S3.—AS. slingan, pl. slang, pp. slungen.

Smak, sb. taste, flavour, Prompt.; smacc, S; smach, S2.—AS. smæc, taste, flavour (Voc.).

Smaken, to have a savour, scent, S, Prompt.; smacky, to imagine, perceive, taste, relish, understand, S2; smachande, pr. p., S2; smauhte, pt. s., PP; smauȝte, pl., PP.—AS. smæcian, see Grein (s.v. smæc).

Smalle, adj. small, narrow, Prompt.; smal, S, S2; smaill, S3.—AS. smæl, narrow: Goth. smals.

Smart, adj. bitter, S2; see Smerte.

Smatte, pt. s. smote, S; see Smiten.

Smec, sb. smoke, S; smech, S; smeke, Prompt.—AS. sméc.

Smechunge, sb. taste, S. See Smak.

Smell, sb. smell, S; smul, S.

Smellen, v. to smell, S, PP; smylle, PP; smolte, pt. s., S2.—Cp. Low G. smelen, to smoulder.

Smeorten, v. to smart, S; see Smerten.

Smerien, v. to smear, anoint; smeren, S; smurieð, pr. pl., S; smered, pp., S.—AS. smerian, smyrian, from smeru, fat, smero (Voc.).

Smerl, sb. ointment, S2.

Smerld, pp. anointed, S2.

Smerte, adj. and adv. painful, sharp, sharply, quick, quickly, C, S, PP; smert, S2; smart, S2, C3; smertely, adv., G.—AS. smeart.

Smerte, sb. smart, pain, C2; smierte, S; smert, C3.

Smerten, v. to smart, to be pained, PP, S, S2, C2; smeorten, S; smerte, pt. s., C; smerted, S3.—AS. smeortan (EETS. 79, p. 36).

Smiten, v. to smite; smyten, PP; smit, pr. s., C2, PP; smot, pt. s., S, S2, PP; smette, S3; smatte, S; smiten, pl., S; smyten, W; smiten, pp., PP.—AS. smítan, pt. smát (pl. smiton), pp. smiten.

Smok, sb. smock, C2, PP, Prompt.

Smok-les, adj. without a smock, C2.

Smolder, sb. smoke from smouldering wood, PP.

Smolderen, v. to smoulder; smolderande, pr. p., S2.

Smorðer, sb. suffocating smoke, S; smorþre, PP.

Smorðren, v. to smother, suffocate, SD.

Smot, pt. s. of Smiten, q.v.

Smul, sb. smell, S; see Smell.

Smurieð, pr. pl. smear, S; see Smerien.

Smyðien, v. to forge; smythye, P; smytheth, pr. s., P.—AS. smiðian.

Smyþþe, sb. smithy, forge, S2; smythy, Prompt.—AS. smiððe (Voc.).

Snapere, v. to trip, to stumble, W2, SD; snapper, HD; snapirs, pr. s., WA.

Snað, pt. s. cut, S; see Sniðen.

Snaw, sb. snow, S; see Snow.

Snelle, adj. quick, sharp, S, S2; snell, S3; snel, S.—AS. snell: OHG. snel (Otfrid).

Snepe, adj. foolish, S.

Snesien, v. to strike, S.—AS. snǽsan (in á-snǽsan, BT), to put on a spit; from snás, a spit (Voc.); cp. Icel. sneisa from sneis.

Sniðen, v. to cut; snað, pt. s., S.—AS. sníðan, pt. snáð (pl. snidon); cp. OHG. snídan (Tatian).

Sniwen, v. to snow; snewen, SD; sniuþ, pr. s., S; sniweþ, SD; snew, pt. s., SD; snewede, C.—AS. sníwan.

Snorkil, sb. wrinkle, H.—Cp. North.E. snurkle, to run into knots, JD, snurl, to wrinkle, JD; cp. OHG. snuor, string, see Fick, 7. 351.

Snow, sb. snow, Prompt., PP; snouȝ, PP; snou, S; snaw, S.—AS. snáw: Goth. snaiws.

Snowte, sb. snout, Prompt.; snute, S.—Cp. G. schnauze.

Snybbyn, v. to rebuke, Prompt., C; snube, H; snybid, pt. pl., H; snyband, pr. p., H; snibbed, pp., C2.

Snybbynge, sb. rebuke, Prompt.; snybynge, H; snibbing, S2; snybyngis, pl., H.

Snytyn, v. to clear the nose, Prompt.; snytte, pt. s., S2; y-snyt, pp., S2.

Sobre, adj. sober, sedate, C2; sobur, Prompt.—OF. sobre; Lat. sobrium.

Sobreliche, adj. and adv. sedate, soberly, CM; soburly, CM; soberly, C.

Soburnesse, sb. soberness, Prompt.

Soche, adj. such, S; see Swyche.

Socht, pt. pl. sought, went, S3; see Sechen.

Socour, sb. succour, C2, C3; socowre, Prompt.—AF. sucur, soccour, OF. socors; Late Lat. succursus (Ducange).

Sodeyn, adj. sudden, C2, C3; sodeynly, adv. suddenly, S3, C2; sodeynliche, S2.—AF. sodeyne; Late Lat. subitanum, see BH, § 122.

Softe, adj. soft, warm, mild, gentle, S, S2, C3; adv. gently, luxuriously, S2, S, C3; softeliche, gently, S; softely, C3. Comb.: zoft-hede, sb. softness, S2.—AS. sófte.

Sohte, pt. s. sought, S, S2; see Sechen.

Soke, sb. the exercise of judicial power, PP, SkD. Der.: soken, the territory or precinct in which public privileges were exercised, SkD; sokne, PP; (Rotland)-sokene, (Rutland)shire, P.—AS. sóc, the exercise of judicial power; sócn, sócen, an enquiry; see Schmid.

Sokelynge, sb. suckling, Prompt.

Sokelynge, sb. a herb, locusta, Prompt.

Sokyl-blome, sb. locusta, Voc.—From a form *sokel, that which sucks. Cp. Hony-souke.

Solas, sb. rest, solace, pleasure, merriment, G, C2, PP, SkD.—AF. solas, OF. solaz, Lat. solatium; see BH, § 143.

Solde, should; see Scholde.

Solempne, adj. solemn, grand, festive, magnificent, C2, C3, Prompt.; solempnely, adv. with pomp, S2, C2, C3; solenliche, PP.—AF. solempne; Lat. solemnem.

Solempnite, sb. festivity, C, Prompt.—AF. sollempnitee; Lat. solemnitatem.

Solere, sb. an upper room, loft, Prompt., Voc., HD; throne, H; soler, W, Voc., HD; soller, Palsg.; stage of a house, ND; sollar, HD, Palsg.—AF. soler, solair, OF. solier; Late Lat. solarium (Voc.); cp. AS. solere (Grein), OS. soleri. OHG. soleri (Tatian), solári, the prætorium of Pilate, also a guest-chamber (Otfrid), Du. zolder.

Soleyne, adj. solitary, hating company, sullen, PP, Prompt.; soleyn, PP, W2; sollein, S3.—OF. solain, solitary, pertaining to one alone: Late Lat. *solanum, from Lat. solus.

Somdel; see under Sum.

Some, sb. concord, S.—AS. sóme.

Somed, adv. together, S; somet, S; see Samed.

Somer, sb. summer, C; sumer, S; someres, gen. s., C2, C3. Comb.: somer-game, summer-game, P.—AS. sumor: OS. sumar; cp. OHG. sumar (Tatian).

Somme, sb. sum, S3, C3; some, S3; summe, Prompt.—AF. summe (sume); Lat. summa.

Somnen, v. to join, S; see Samnen.

Sompne, v. to summon, PP, CM; someny, PP; somony, S2; somoni, S; somownyn, Prompt.; somondis, pr. s., H; sumundis, H; somened, pp., W.—AF. somoundre (pr. p. somonant), OF. semondre; Late Lat. submōnĕre; Lat. sub + mŏnēre.

Sompnour, sb. summoner, one who cites before an ecclesiastical court, C, PP; sumpnour, S2; somnour, PP; somner, PP; somenour, PP; sumnowre, Prompt.—AF. sumenour.

Somwat; see under Sum.

Sond, sb. sand, S, S2, C, PP; sand, PP; sonde, dat., S.—AS. sand.

Sond, sb. a dish or mess of food; sand, gift, S2; sonde, dat., S; sonden, pl., S; sandon, S.—AS. sand, ‘ferculum’ (Voc.).

Sonde, sb. a sending, message, gift sent, also mission, embassy, messenger, S, S2, C3, P, G, H (p. 497); sonden, pl., S; sondes, S. Comb.: sondezmon, messenger, S2; sandesman, SD; sandismene, pl., HD.

Sonder. Comb.: sonderemen, messengers, S; sanderbodes, messengers, S.—AS. sander in sandermen (Chron. ann. 1123).

Sondry, separate, C2; see Sunder.

Sone, sb. son, S, S2, C2, G; sune, S; zone, S2; sun, S2. Comb.: sone in lawe, son-in-law, C2.—AS. sunu: Goth. sunus.

Sone, adv. forthwith, quickly, soon, S, G, S2, C2, PP; soune, S3; son, S2; soyn, S2; sonest, superl., C2; sonnest, P.—AS. sóna, see Sievers, 317.

Song, pt. s. sang, C2; see Syngen.

Songe, sb. song, Prompt.; sang, S, S3; zang, S2; songes, pl., S.—AS. sang.

Songe-warie, sb. the observation of dreams, P.—OF. songe; Lat. somnium, dream.

Sonne, sb. sun, S, S2, C2, P; sunne, S, S2, Prompt. Comb.: sunne-bem, sunbeam, S; Sunnen-dæi, Sunday, S; sunne-dei, S; sunedai, S; sunedei, S; sone-dæi, S; soneday, S, G; sonendayes, pl., S2; sunne-risindde, sun-rising, S.—AS. sunne: OS. sunna.

Soop, pt. t. of Sup.

Soope, sb. soap, Prompt.; sape, S.—AS. sápe; Lat. sāpo.

Soot, Soote, adj. sweet, S3; see Swete.

Sooth, Soothly; see Soth.

Sop, pt. s. created, S; see Schapen.

Sope, pp. of Sup.

Soper, sb. supper, C, C2, G; see Souper.

Sophyme, sb. a sophism, C2; sophimes, pl., subtleties, C2.—OF. sophisme (Cotg.); Gr. σόφισμα.

Soppe, sb. a sop, Cath., PP; sop, C; soppis, pl., S3.

Sopun, pp. of Sup.

Sore, v. to soar, mount aloft, C2, CM.—OF. essorer (Cotg.); Late Lat. *exaurare, to expose to the air (Lat. aura).

Sore, adj. and adv. sore, painful, S, C2, G; sare, S2, S; sar, S, S3, S2; soore, Prompt.; sair, B.—AS. sár.

Sore, sb. sore, misery, C2; sor, S; sar, S; soore, Prompt.—AS. sár.

Soren, pp. shorn, S; see Schere.

Sort, sb. destiny, chance, lot, C, W; sorte, turn (= Lat. vice), W.—AF. sort; Lat. sortem.

Sorwe, sb. sorrow, S, S2, CM, C2; sorȝe, S; zorȝe, S2; soriȝe, S; soreȝe, S; sareȝe, S; soreghe, S2; seorewe, S; serewe, S; seoruwe, S; serwe, S2; soru, S2; sorhe, S; sorewe, S, S2.—AS. sorh: OS. sorga.

Sorwe-ful, adj. sorrowful, C; sorful, S; sorwefully, adv. sorrowfully, C2.

Sorwen, v. to sorrow, CM; serrȝheþþ, pr. s., S.—AS. sorgian.

Sorwynge, sb. sorrowing, CM; sorewyngis, pl., W.

Sory, adj. sorry, wretched, painful, grievous, Prompt., S2, C, C2, PP, G; sori, S, S2, PP; sari, S; særi, S; sariliche, adv., S; soryly, Prompt. Comb.: sorymod, sad in mind, S.—AS. sárig.

Sorynesse, sb. sadness, Prompt.; sorinesse, S.—AS. sárignes.

Soster, sb. sister, S2; see Suster.

Sote, adj. sweet, C2, C3; see Swete.

Soth, adj. and sb. true, truth, sooth, soothsaying, S, S2, C3, P, H; sooth, C2; suth, S2; sothe, W, S2, S3, P; soothe, S3; zoþe, S2; sothely, adv., verily, PP, W; soothly, C2. Comb.: soðfast, true, S, S3, H; sothefast, W; soothfastnesse, truth, C2, C3, H; sothnes, truth, S2, H; sothnesse, S2, P; sothriht, truly, S.—AS. sóð (for *sonð, *sanð); cp. Icel. sannr (for *sanðr); cp. Dan. sand.

Sothe, adj. south, S3; see Sowthe.

Sothien, v. to verify, SD, SkD (s.v. soothe); i-soðet, pp., S.—AS. ge-sóðian.

Sothroun, adj. southern, S3; see Sowtherne.

Sotte, sb. fool, S, Prompt., PP; sot, S, S2; sottes, gen., S, S2. Der.: sotlice, foolishly, S; sotschipe, folly, S; sotted, besotted, C3.—OF. sot.

Sotyle, adj. subtle, fine-wrought, crafty, ingenious, Prompt.; sotyl, PP; sotil, PP, C; sotel, PP; sutelle, Cath.; sutaille, S3; sotely, adv., PP; suteli, W.—AF. sotil, sutil; Lat. subtīlem.

Sotyle, v. to reason subtly, to make use of cunning, PP; sotilen, PP; sutils, pr. s., makes subtle, H.

Sotylte, sb. skill, Prompt.; sotilte, C3.—AF. sotiltee; Lat. subtilitatem.

Souchen, v. to suspect, SD, HD; souches, pr. s., S2.—OF. suscher; Late Lat. *suspicare, for Lat. suspicari, see Diez, p. 681, and BH, § 152.

Souden, v. to pay, PP. See Sowde.

Soudly, adj. dirty, S3.—Cp. Northern E. suddill, to dirty (JD), also G. sudeln, to do dirty work.

Souerty, sb. surety, S3; see Surety.

Soufre, sb. sulphur, S2; soulfre, CM.—OF. soufre, soulfre (Cotg.); Late Lat. sulfurem.

Souken, v. to suck, C2, S2, W2; sowken, S3. Comb.: soukynge-fere, foster-brother, W.—AS. súcan, pt. séac, pp. socen.

Soule, sb. soul, PP, S, S2; sowle, S, C; saule, S, S2, H; sawle, S; saull, S3; soulen, pl., S, S2; saulen, S; sawless, S; sowle, S; zaulen, S2. Comb.: soule hele, soul’s salvation, PP; sawel hel, S2.—AS. sáwol, sáwle: Goth. saiwala.

Soun, sb. sound, S2, S3, C2, W2, H: sown, H, W, W2; sowne, S2; son, S2; sownde, Prompt.—AF. soun, OF. son; Lat. sonum.

Sound, sb. a swoon, S3; see Swowne.

Sounen, v. to sound, C2, PP; sownen, C2, S2, W2, PP; sowndyn, Prompt.; sunen, S.—AF. suner, soner; Lat. sonare.

Sounyng, sb. sounding, S2.

Soupen, v. to sup, drink gradually, to eat supper, P, W, C2; sowpen, S3.—OF. souper. Of Teutonic origin. Cp. Sup.

Souper, sb. supper, C; soper, C, C2, G.—OF. souper, AF. soper.

Souple, adj. supple, pliant, C, C2.—OF. souple, beaten, defeated (Bartsch); Lat. supplicem, submissive.

Soure, adj. sour, acid, PP; sur, S; soure, adv. sourly, C2, P. Comb.: sourdouȝ, leaven, W; sourdow, W; sourdowȝ, W.—AS. súr; cp. Icel. súrr and súrdegi (Matt. 13. 33).

Souren, v. to sour; sowrid, pp., made sour, W.

Sours, sb. source, origin, C2; soaring, CM.—OF. sourse, a spring of water; Late Lat. sursa, a late pp. f. form from Lat. surgere (OF. sordre, pp. sors, sours).

Souse, v. to strike, dash, RD, SkD; souce, Spenser 1. See below.

Souse, sb. the downward plunge of a bird of prey, RD. (Originally the same as Sours, used of a hawk’s flight.—W. W. S.)

Soutere, sb. cobbler, S3; souter, PP; sowter, Cath., ND.—AS. sútere (Voc.); Lat. sutor.

Souteresse, sb. a woman shoe-seller, P.

Souenaunce, sb. remembrance, S3.—OF. sovenance, also souvenance (Cotg.), from sovenir; Lat. subuenire.

Souerentè, sb. sovereignty, Prompt.; souerayntee, C2.—AF. soverainte.

Souereyn, adj. and sb. supreme, sovereign, C, C2, C3; souereynes, pl., superiors, P, W; sufrayns, H; souereyneste, superl., W2; soueraignly, adv., C.—AF. soverein; Late Lat. *superanum.

Sowdan, sb. sultan, S2, C3.—OF. soudan, souldan; Arab. sultân.

Sowdanesse, sb. sultaness, S2, C3.

Sowde, v. to strengthen; sowdid, pp. (= Lat. consolidatae), W.—OF. souder (Cotg.): It. soldare; Lat. solidare, see SkD (s.v. solder).

Sowde, sb. stipend, pay, W; sowd, Prompt.; sowdis, pl., W.—OF. soude; Lat. soldum, a sum of money, from solidus.

Sowdyowre, sb. one that fights for pay, soldier, Prompt.; soudiour, S3.—Cp. OF. soudoier (Ducange).

Sowen, v. to sow, S, PP; sawe, S; souwen, PP; sewe, pt. s., W; sew, H; sewen, pl., S; seowe, pt. s. subj., S; sowun, pp., W; sowe, G; ȝe-sawen, S.—AS. sáwan.

Sowse, v. to immerse in brine, to plunge in water, to drench with rain, Palsg., S3; soused, pp., pickled, Sh.; soust, drenched, Spenser 1.—From OF. sause, sauce; Lat. salsa, salted.

Sowse, sb. a dish of pickled food, succidium, Voc.

Sowthe, adj. south, Prompt.; sothe, S3; suð, S. Comb.: Souþ-hamtessire, Hampshire, S2; Suð-sæxe, Sussex, SD.—AS. súð: OHG. sund-ana, from the south (Tatian).

Sowtherne, adj. southern, Prompt.; souþeron, S2; southren, C3; sothroun, S3; suthroun, S3.

Soyr, adj. brown (as of withered leaves), S3.—OF. sor (Roland); cp. F. saure. Of Teutonic origin. See Seere.

Spæc, pt. s. of Speken, q.v.

Spæche, sb. speech, S; see Speche.

Spak, adj. wise, prudent, quiet, gentle, SD; spake, HD; spakliche, adv., SD; spakli, S2.—Icel. spakr, quiet, gentle, wise.

Spale, sb. a chip of wood, splinter, S, SD; spalle, Prompt.; spolle, Prompt.; spole, Voc.—Icel. spölr (spala, gen. pl.).

Spang, sb. a metal fastening, brooch, clasp, buckle; spangs, pl., S3.—AS. spange (Grein).

Spangele, sb. a small plate of shining metal used to ornament a bridle, lorale, Prompt.

Spanyn, v. to wean, Prompt.; spane, HD; spaned, H, Cath.—Cp. G. spänen, OHG. (bi)spenjan, Du. spenen, see Weigand; cp. also AS. spana, ‘ubera’ (Voc.).

Spanynge, sb. a weaning, ablactacio, Cath., Prompt.

Sparkle, sb. spark. Prompt. Comb.: deed-sparcle (= Lat. fauilla), W2.

Sparlire, sb. the calf of the leg, HD; sparlyuer, sura, Trevisa (5. 355); sperlyuer, musculus, Voc.—AS. spear-líra, ‘sura’ (Deut. 28. 35), speoru-líra (OET.).

Sparre, sb. a beam, bar, spar, C, S3, Prompt., Cath.—AS. speoru (Voc.); cp. Icel. sparri.

Sparthe, sb. axe, battle-axe, Prompt., Cath.; sparth, C, WA.—Icel. sparða.

Sparwe, sb. sparrow, C, S2; sparowe, Prompt. Comb.: spar-hauk, sparrow-hawk, C2; sperhauke, P.—AS. spearwa.

Spatel, sb. spittle, S; see Spotil.

Spateling, sb. spitting, S.

Spealie, v. to tell, S; see Spellien.

Spec, pt. s. of Speken, q.v.

Spece, sb. species, kind, S, Prompt.—Lat. speciem. Cf. Spice.

Speche, sb. speech, S, S2, PP; spæche, S; spek, S2.—AS. spǽc (Voc.). See Speken.

Sped, sb. success, speed, S; speed, Prompt.—AS. spéd.

Spede-ful, adj. profitable, W; speedful, C3; spedfullest, superl., S3.

Speden, v. to succeed, prosper, speed, S, S2, S3; spet, pr. s., speeds, goes on, G; spedith, profits, S3, W2; spedde, pt. s., S, C2; sped, pp., S3.—AS. spédan.

Speir, sb. sphere, S3; see Spere.

Speken, v. to speak, S, S2; spæken, S; spece, 1 pr. s., S; specð, pr. s., S; spæc, pt. s., S; spac, S, S2; spak, S, S2; spec, S, spek, S; spake, 2 pt. s., S, G; speke, S; spækenn, pl., S; speken, S; speke, S2; speeke, S2; spekene, ger., S; speokene, S; i-speken, pp., S; ispeke, S.—AS. specan (for sprecan), pt. spæc, pp. specen.

Spell, sb. a discourse, story, S; spelle, dat., S, S2, C2.—AS. spell.

Spellien, v. to relate, speak; spellen, S, PP; spealie, S; spilien, S.—AS. spellian.

Spellinge, sb. recital, Prompt., S2.

Spence, sb. provision-room, larder, G, Prompt.; spense, Voc.; expense, G, W.—OF. despense (Constans); Late Lat. dispensa (Voc.).

Spencer, sb. officer having charge of the provisions, G; spenser, G; sponcere, Prompt.—OF. despensier; Late Lat. dispensarium (acc.).

Spenden, v. to use, spend, Prompt., PP; spene, S, PP; spende, pt. pl., S2; i-spend, pp., S; spendid, W; sponded, G. Comb.: spending-siluer, money to spend, C3.—AS. spendan (in compounds); Lat. dispendere.

Spennen, v. to stretch, embrace, grasp, SD; spendyd, pt. s., grasped, S3; spend, pp., SD.—Icel. spenna; cp. AS. spannan, to bind, OHG. (gi)spannan (Otfrid); see Weigand.

Spercled, pp. scattered, flung abroad, S3 (24. 67).

Sperd, pt. s. of Spiren, q.v.

Spere, sb. sphere, Prompt., CM; speir, S3.—OF. espere; Late Lat. spera, sphera; Gr. σφαῖρα.

Spere, sb. spear, S, C, Prompt.—AS. spere; cp. OHG. sper (Tatian).

Speren, v. to fasten with a spar, to close, S, Cath.; sperre, Cath.; speride, pt. s., S2; sperd, pp., S, H; sperrid, H.—AS. sparrian. See Sparre.

Sperhauke, sb. sparrow-hawk, P; see under Sparwe.

Sperling, sb. a small fish, S2; sperlynge, Cath., Voc.; sparlynge, Cath. (n); spurling, Cath. (n).—OF. esperlan, smelt (Cotg.).

Spet, pr. s. of Speden, q.v.

Speten, v. to spit, S, W2, Voc., CM; spette, pt. s., W, SD; spete, W; speten, pl., W; spetide, pt. s., W.—AS. spǽtan, pt. spǽtte.

Spewen, v. to vomit, Cath.; spue, W2.—AS. spíwan, pt. spáw, pp. spiwen.

Spice, sb. species, kind, spice, W; spyce, Voc.; spices, pl., S, P. Comb.: spicelike, with spices, S; spices ware, spicery, S.—OF. espice; Late Lat. spĕcia (for Lat. spĕciem), see BH, § 32. See Spece.

Spicer, sb. dealer in spices, P, S2; spyserez, pl., S2.

Spicerye, sb. spicery, S2, C2, C3.—AF. spicerie.

Spie, sb. spy, PP; see Aspie.

Spien, v. to spy, to look after, to watch, S; see Espye.

Spilen, v. to play, S; spilede, pt. s., S.—Icel. spila; cp. G. spielen.

Spilien, v. to speak, S; see Spellien.

Spillen, v. to perish, also to destroy, S, S2, C2, C3, P; spyllen, S2; spill, S3; spilt, pp., killed, C3; y-spilte, PP.—AS. spillan, to destroy (Grein).

Spire, sb. shoot, scion, blade, tall grass, reed, PP, S, G, CM; spyre, Prompt., PP, Palsg.; spier, W2.

Spiren, v. to enquire, speer, PP; speren, PP; speoren, PP; spuren, PP; spirs, imp. pl., S2; spird, pt. pl., S2; sperd, pt. s., S3.—AS. spyrian, to make a track, from spor, track, see SkD (s.v. spur).

Splene, sb. the spleen, Prompt.; splen, SkD. Phr.: on the splene, suddenly, S3; fro the splene, with sudden fervour, rapidly, S3.—Lat. splen.

Spoile, sb. booty, SkD; spuylis, pl., W2. See below.

Spoilen, v. to plunder, W (Mk. 3. 27); spuyle, W; spuylid, pp., W2.—OF. spolier (Cotg.); Lat. spoliare; see BH, § 64.

Spone, sb. a chip, splinter of wood, spoon, C3, Prompt.; spoon, C2. Comb.: span-newe, span new, SkD; spon-neowe, SkD.—AS. spón; cp. Icel. spónn, also spánn; cp. G. spannen (Weigand).

Spore, sb. spur, PP, Prompt., C, G.—AS. spora.

Spotil, sb. spittle, W; spotele, W2; spatel, S.—AS. spátl.

Spousaille, sb. wedding, C2; spousail, C2; sposailis, pl., W.—OF. espousailles.

Spouse, sb. spouse, bridegroom, bride, W; spuse, S; spowse, Prompt. Comb.: spousbreche, adulterer, SD; spusbruche, adultery, SD; spousebrekere, adulterer, W; spoushod, marriage, S2.—AF. espouse (espuse); Lat. sponsam; also OF. espos, spous; Lat. sponsum; see BH, § 169.

Spousen, v. to espouse, W, S2, C2; spousi, S2; i-spoused, pp., S2; y-spoused, S2; i-spused, S.—OF. espouser; Lat. sponsare.

Sprangis, sb. pl. diffused rays of various colours, S3.

Spraulin, v. to sprawl, SD; sprawel, S2; sprauleden, pt. pl., S.—AS. spréawlian (cited by Zupitza from Bouloneser Glossen, see Studium der neueren Sprachen, July, 1886).

Sprayngis, sb. pl. sprinklings, S3. See Sprengen.

Spreden, v. to spread, PP, S, S2; spradde, pt. s., C2; spredd, pp., S; sprad, C; y-sprad, C2.—AS. sprǽdan.

Spreit, sb. spirit, S3; spyryte, Prompt.—Lat. spiritus.

Sprengen, v. to sprinkle, W, G; sprente, pt. s., S3; spreynten, pl., W2; spreynd, pp., S2, C2, C3, W; spreind, W; spreynt, W; y-spreynd, C.—AS. sprengan, causal of springan.

Sprengen, v. to spring, to be diffused; sprent, pt. s., S3.—AS. sprengan, to spring (Sweet).

Sprenkelin, v. to sprinkle, to dart, Prompt.; sprynkland, pr. p., darting in various directions (of fish in the water), S3.

Spring, sb. a rod, sprig, PP; sprynge, P; sprenges, pl., W2.

Springen, v. to spring, to arise, to dawn, PP, S, C2; sprynge, PP; sprenge, pr. s. subj., W; sprang, pt. s., S; sprong, S; sprungen, pp., S2; sprunge, S; sprongen, S3; spronge, C; i-sprunge, S. Der.: springing, beginning, source, C2.—AS. springan, pt. sprang (pl. sprungon), pp. sprungen.

Springen, v. to make to spring, rouse; sprange, pt. pl., S3. See below.

Springen, v. to sprinkle, C2; y-spronge, pp., S2. Der.: springyng, sprinkling, W. See Sprengen.

Sprutlyt, pp. speckled, S3. See SkD (s.v. sprout).

Sprynkland; see Sprenkelin.

Spurn, sb. a kick, S3.

Spurnen, v. to kick, Prompt., C2, SkD; spurnde, pt. s., S2.—AS. speornan.

Spuyle, v. to plunder, W; see Spoilen.

Spuylis, pl. spoils, W; see Spoile.

Spynke, sb. finch, rostellus, Voc.; spink, Cotg., JD, HD; spynk, S3 (s.v. gold). Cp. Gr. σπίγγος, and OF. pinçon (BH), F. pinson.

Spynnare, sb. spinner, spider, Prompt.; spinner, Sh., HD.

Spynnen, v. to spin, Prompt.

Spynstare, sb. a woman who spins, Prompt.; spynnester, PP; spinster, S2, PP, Sh.

Spyrakle, sb. the breath of life, S2.—Lat. spiraculum uitae, Gen. 7. 22 (Vulg.).

Squames, sb. pl. scales, C3.—Lat. squama.

Squaymous, adj. loth, fastidious, CM; see Skeymowse.

Squier, sb. squire, S, C2; squyer, C2, S2.—OF. esquïer, escuier; Late Lat. scutarium, from Lat. scutum, shield; cp. It. scudiére.

Squyler, sb. dish-washer, S2; sqwyllare, Prompt., SkD (s.v. scullery); swyllere, Voc.—OF. sculier (Ducange); Late Lat. scutelarium, one in charge of the dishes (Ducange); from Lat. scutella. (It seems to have been confused with swiller; see SkD, s.v. scullery.—W. W. S.)

Squylerey, sb. room for washing dishes in, a scullery, SkD.—Cp. OF. esculier; Late Lat. scutellarium, ‘locus ubi reponuntur scutellae’ (Ducange). See above.

Sqware, adj. square, Prompt.; sware, S2.—OF. esquarre; Lat. ex + quadram; cp. It. squadra.

Srid, pt. s. clothed, S; see Schrouden.

Srud, sb. dress, S; see Schroud.

Ss-; see Sch-.

Sseawere, sb. a mirror, S2; see Schawere.

Sseawy, v. to show, S2; see Schewen.

Ssedde; see under Scheden.

Ssede; see under Schade.

Ssolde, should; see Scholde.

Ssoldren, pl. shoulders, S2; see Schuldere.

Stable, adj. constant, firm, fixed, C2, W, PP; stabli, adv., W.—AF. estable; Lat. stabilem.

Stable, v. to establish, confirm, to cause to rest, S3, W, P, C; y-stabled, S3.—OF. establir.

Stablischen, v. to establish, W; stablisse, PP.—OF. establiss-, stem of establissant, pp. of establir.

Stac, pt. s. closed up, S2; see Steken.

Stad, pp. bestead, circumstanced, beset, WA, S2.—Icel. staddr, circumstanced, Swed. stadd.

Staf, sb. a staff, stick, a letter of the alphabet, PP, SD; staffe, Prompt.; staues, pl., S2, PP. Comb.: stef-creft, the art of grammar, S; staf-slinge, staff-sling, C2; staff-slynge, HD; staff-slyngere, staff-slinger, HD.—AS. stæf, staff, stick, twig, letter written on a twig, see Weigand (s.v. buchstab); cp. Icel. stafr, OHG. stab, buohstab (Tatian).

Staire, adj. steep, WA; stayre, WA (n).

Staire, sb. stair, ladder, WA.—AS. stǽger. See Stien.

Stal, Stall, pt. s. of Stelen.

Stale, sb. stealing, S.—AS. stalu.

Stalken, v. to step slowly, C, G; stalkyn, Prompt.; stalked him, pt. s. refl., C2.—AS. stealcian; see Sweet, Anglo-Saxon Primer, 83. 37.

Stalle, sb. place, state, station, prison, stall, booth, PP, Prompt.; steal, S; stal, Prompt.; stale, S3.—AS. steal: OHG. stal (Otfrid).

Stallit, pp. placed, S3.

Stallyn, v. to enthrone prelates, Prompt.

Stalworðe, adj. stout, strong, sturdy, S2, G; stalworth, PP, H (pp. 26, 87); stalword, S2; stalworthy, S3, Prompt.; stalworþest, superl., S2; stalwortly, adv. sturdily, S2. Comb.: stalworth-hede, stalwartness, S2.—AS. stælwurð (Chron. ann. 896).

Stamyn, sb. stamine, linsey-woolsey cloth, a garment made of that material, Prompt., Cath. (n); stamin, S; stamine, HD.—OF. estamine, tamine, also a strainer (Cotg.).

Stamyn, sb. the stem, bows of a vessel, S2; stamyne, Cath. (n).—Icel. stafn, stamn, a post, prow-post, also stern-post; cp. It. stamine, the upright ribs or pieces of timber of the inside of a ship, of our shipwrights called foot-stocks (Florio).

Standen, v. to stand, to cost, be valid, S; stonden, S, S2, C2, W; stant, pr. s., S, S2, S3; stont, S; stand, S2; stonte, S2; stode, pt. s., S2; pl., S2; stoden, S2, C2; stude, S3; i-stonde, pp., S.—AS. standan, pt. stód, pp. ge-standen.

Stane, sb. dat. stone, S; see Stoon.

Stang, sb. stagnant pool; stanc, S2; stank, HD; stangis, pl., H; stangeȝ, S2; staunkis, H.—OF. estang, estan (estanc); Lat. stagnum.

Stangen, v. to prick, to throb, HD, H. Der.: stangynge, torment, H.

Stannyris, sb. pl. the small stones and gravel at the side of a river, S3. See Stoon.

Staple, sb. a loop of iron in a wall used for fastening chains, S3 (p. 472).—AS. stapul (Voc.).

Starf, pt. s. died, S2, C2; see Steruen.

Starin, v. to stare, also to shine, glitter, SD; stare, C2, S3, PP; starinde, pr. p., S; stareand, S2.—AS. starian.

Stark, adj. strong, firm, severe, S, S3; starrc, S; starke, pl., C2.—AS. stearc: OS. starc.

Starnys, pl. stars, S3; see Sterne.

Stat, sb. state, condition, S2; staat, existence (= Lat. status), W. Cf. Estat.

Staþelien, to establish; ȝe-staþeled, pp., S.—AS. ge-staðelod.

Staþelnesse, sb. stability, SD; staþelnes, S2.—AS. staðolnes.

Statut, sb. statute, PP; statute, PP; statutes, pl., S2, PP. Comb.: statute-staple, the staple to which a prisoner is by law attached, S3.—AF. statut (estatut); Lat. statutum.

Stauez, pr. s. stows away, S2; stawed, pp., S2; see Stowyn.

Steal, sb. place, state, S; see Stalle.

Steapre; see Stepe.

Steaȝ, pt. s. of Stien, q.v.

Stede, sb. steed, horse, S, C2, PP, WA. Comb.: stede-bac, horseback, PP.—AS. stéda, from stód, a collection of horses, a stud.

Stede, sb. place, PP, S, S2, S3; stude, S; stide, W, W2; stud, S2; sted, S3. Comb.: stedefast, steadfast, S; stedefastliche, steadfastly, S; stedfastly, C2; stedefastnesse, firmness, C2.—AS. stede: OS. stedi: Goth. stadi- (stem of staths).

Stee, sb. a ladder, WA, HD; sties, pl., HD. See Stien.

Steef, Stef; see Styf.

Steer, sb. a young ox, C, PP.—AS. stéor; cp. Lat. taurus, see Curtius, No. 232.

Stef-creft, sb. the art of grammar, S; see Staf.

Stefne, sb. voice, S; see Steuene.

Steghe, v. to ascend, H; see Stien.

Steghere, sb. rider, H.

Steir, v. to stir, S3; see Stiren.

Steken, v. to fasten, SD, WA; stekye, v., to be fastened up, P; stekez, imp. pl., S2; stac, pt. s., S2; stak, SkD (s.v. stick); stoken, pp., S2; y-steke, G; i-steke, G.—Cp. OHG. stechan, to fix, pierce, pt. stáh (pl. stáchun), pp. gi-stochan, see Otfrid.

Stelen, v. to steal, to go stealthily, PP; stæl, pt. s., S; stal, C2, W; stall, S3; stalen, pl., S; stelen, S; stole, pp., C. Comb.: stæl ut, stole out, S; stal ut, S.—AS. stelan, pt. stæl (pl. stǽlon), pp. stolen.

Stelðe, sb. stealth, PP; stalthe, SkD. Cf. Stouth.

Stem, sb. vapour, ray of light, flame, S; steem, Prompt.—AS. stéam.

Stemin, v. to steam, shine, gleam, C, S3, CM.—AS. stéman (SkD).

Stene, sb. a stone jar, SD, Trevisa 4. 115; steenes, pl., S2. See below.

Stenen, adj. made of stone, S.—AS. stǽnen (Voc.). See Stoon.

Stent, sb. stopping-place, S3.

Stenten, v. to cease, pause, CM; see Stynten.

Steoren, v. to perfume with incense, S.—Cp. AS. stéran (Leo). See Stor.

Steoren, v. lead, direct, S; see Steren.

Steorren, pl. stars, S; see Sterre.

Step-barn, sb. orphan, H.—Cp. AS. step-cild, orphan, Ps. 67. 6 (VP); AS. stéop, orphaned; cp. OHG. stiuf.

Stepe, adj. steep, WA, SkD.—AS. stéap.

Stepe, adj. bright, shining (of eyes), CM, C, S3, HD; steapre, comp., S3 (p. 426).

Stere, adj. strong, stout, firm, S, HD. See Store.

Stere, sb. tiller, helm, rudder, steering-gear, the stern of a ship, C3, S; steere, W2; stiere, PP. Comb.: sterelees, without a rudder, S2, C3; sterman, steersman. Voc.—Icel. stýri, rudder.

Stere, sb. helmsman, C3, S2.

Steren, v. to lead, direct, steer, S, S3, PP; steir, B; steoren, S.—AS. stéoran, stýran.

Steren, v. to stir, to move, S2, WA, PP; see Stiren.

Sterlinge, sb. coin, penny of standard currency, C3, PP, SkD.—Cp. Low Lat. sterlingus (Ducange).

Sterne, sb. star, WA, H, S2; stern, S2, B; starnys, pl., S3.—Icel. stjarna. Cf. Sterre.

Sterne, adj. stern, Prompt.; sturne, S, S2; steryn, WA; sterin, HD; steryne, HD; stiarne, pl., S; adv., S; sterne, PP; sternelich, CM, PP. Der.: sturnhede, sternness, S2.—AS. styrne.

Sterre, sb. star, S, S2, S3, C2, C3, W, PP; storre, S; steorren, pl., S; steores, S; sterris, W, PP; sterren, S, S2. Comb.: sterre-liht, starlight, S2. Der.: i-stirret, starred, S; stirrede, SD.—AS. steorra: OS. sterro; cp. OHG. sterro (Tatian).

Stert, sb. tail, plough-handle, S, Prompt., Palsg., HD; the stalk of fruit, HD, Palsg.; sterte, Voc. Comb.: steort-naket, quite naked, S.—AS. steort; cp. Icel. stertr.

Stert, sb. a start, quick movement, C.

Sterten, v. to start, S2, C, B, PP; stirt, imp. s., S; stirte, pt. s., S; stirt, S; sterte, C, G; stert, S2; stert, pp., C2; y-stert, C.

Steruen, v. to die, S2, S3, C2; sterfeð, pr. s., S; starf, pt. s., S2, C2; sturuen, pl., S; sturfe, S; storuen, C3; storue, pt. subj. s., S; i-storue, pp., S; y-storue, C; staruen, S3.—AS. steorfan, pt. stǽrf (pl. sturfon), pp. storfen.

Steruing, sb. dying, S2.

Steuene, sb. voice, command, note, C2, S; steuen, S2; time of performing any action, CM; stefne, S; stevynnys, pl., S3.—AS. stefn: Goth. stibna; cp. OHG. stemna (Tatian), G. stimme.

Stew, sb. vapour, mist, B; stovys, pl., S3.—Cp. Dan. stöv, Du. stof, dust, stofregen, drizzling rain, G. staub, dust, whence Staubbach, ‘spray-beck.’

Steward; see under Sty.

Stewe, sb. fish-pond, vivarium, C, HD, SD, CM, Prompt.; stwe, Prompt.

Stewe, sb. bath, Cath.; stue, Cath. (n); stwe, Prompt.; stewes, pl. brothels, PP; stywes, CM; stues, P.

Stiarne, adj. pl. stern, S; see Sterne.

Sticchen, v. to prick, stitch, SD; stiȝte, pt. s., SD; stiȝt, pp., SD; i-stihd, S; i-sticched, S (p. 119).

Stien, v. to ascend, HD, PP, S2, W, W2; styȝen, S2; stiȝen, W, S2; steȝen, S2; steghe, H, S2; steaȝ, pt. s., S2; steiȝ, S3; stegh, S2, H; styh, S2.—AS. stígan, pt. stáh (pl. stigon), pp. stigen.

Sties, pl. paths, S2; stighes, H; see Sty.

Stikien, v. to stick, to pierce, stab, S, S2, C2, C3; styken, S2; steek, S3; stekit, pt. s., B; stekyt, S3; y-styked, pp., S2.—AS. stician. See Steken.

Stikke, sb. stick, C3; stykke, Prompt.

Stillatorie, sb. vessel used in distillation, C3, CM; stillatory, a place where distillations are performed, ND.—Late Lat. stillatorium, from Lat. (di)stillare.

Stingen, v. to sting; stonge, pt. pl., S; stongen, pp., C, H; y-stongen, S3; y-stonge, C3; stungen, H.—AS. stingan, pt. stang (pl. stungon), pp. stungen.

Stiren, v. to stir, to move, to instigate, PP, C3, W2, S, S2; stere, PP, S2, G; sturen, S, W; styren, S; steir, S3, B.—AS. styrian.

Stiring, sb. stirring, commotion, W, W2.

Stirte, pt. s. of Sterten, q.v.

Stith, sb. anvil, C, CM, Sh.; stythe, Prompt.—Icel. steði.

Stiward; see under Sty.

Stobil, sb. stubble, W2; stobul, Prompt.—AF. stuble (Ps. 82. 12, Oxford Psalter): Prov. estobla; OTeut. *stuppula; cp. OF. estoulle (Ps. 82. 13), F. éteule; see Kluge (s.v. stoppel), and BH, § 153.

Stok, sb. stock, stem, trap, the stocks, PP, W2; stoc, S; stokke, PP; stocke, S3; stoke, S2; stokkes, pl., PP; stockis, S2; stokess, S.—AS. stocc.

Prof. Napier maintains that the stokess of the Ormulum cannot be identified with AS. stocc, as the gemination of the consonant persists in the Ormulum. He suggests that stokess means ‘places,’ comparing the use of stoke in place-names, e.g. Wude stoke in Chron. (Earle, p. 249), He also cites in illustration AS. stoc-weard, ‘oppidanus,’ see Leo, p. 206.

Stoken, v. to stab, SkD, C.—OF. estoquer (Ducange).

Stole, sb. stool, P; stool, PP, Prompt.; stoule, PP.—AS. stól.

Stole, sb. a robe, W, Prompt.; stoole (= Lat. stola), W; stolis, pl., W.—Lat. stola.

Stonden; see Standen.

Stonge, pt. pl. stung, S; see Stingen.

Stonien, v. to stun, to make a loud din, to amaze with a blow, SD; stunay, H; stunayd, pp., H; stoynde, S3. See Astonen.

Stoniynge, sb. astonishment, W; stonying, W; stoneyinge, S2; stoynynge, Prompt.

Stont, pr. s. of Standen.

Stony, adj. rocky, Prompt. Comb.: stony see, Adria, the Adriatic Sea, W.—Cp. Ducange ‘adria, petra; adriaticus, petrosus, lapidosus portus.’

Stoon, sb. stone, PP, W2; ston, PP, S, S3; stane, dat., S; stanes, pl., S. Comb.: stoon-stille, still as a stone, G.—AS. stán: Goth. stains.

Stoor, sb. store, stock, provision, Prompt., C, C2, C3, G; store, PP. Phr.: telle no store, set no store by, set no value upon, C.—OF. estore (Bartsch).

Stope, pp. advanced, C; stopen, CM, SkD (s.v. step).—AS. stapen, pp. of stapan (pt. stóp).

Stor, sb. incense, S; store, dat., S.—AS. stór, incense, storax; Lat. storacem, acc. of storax (Vulg.), also styrax; Gr. στύραξ.

Stordy, adj. rash, reckless, S; see Sturdy.

Store, adj. strong, powerful, large, HD, Prompt.; stoor, Prompt.—Icel. stórr.

Storour, sb. restorer, S3.

Storuen, pt. pl. died, C3; see Steruen.

Stot, sb. stallion, bullock, stoat, SkD, SD; caballus, Prompt., C; stott, buculus, WA, Voc.; stot, stoat, CM; stotte, bullock, Cath., Palsg.; stottis, pl., PP.—Cp. Icel. stútr, bull.

Stounde, sb. time, occasion, instant, period, S, S2, S3, C, C2, C3, G, PP; stund, S, S2; stunt, H; stundum, dat. pl. as adv., at times, H. Comb.: stound-mele, at times, S3.—AS. stund: OS. stunda; cp. OHG. stunta, ‘tempus, hora’ (Tatian).

Stounden, v. to be for a time; stounded, pt. s., SD; stunden, pl. (= stundeden), S.

Stoupen, v. to stoop, W (John 20. 5), C3; stowpen, CM, HD.—AS. stúpian.

Stour, sb. conflict, commotion, agitation, S2, B, JD; stowre, S3; stoure, HD; stoures, pl., C2; stowres, S2.—OF. estour, estor, estur (Roland); cp. Icel. styrr, a stir, tumult, battle.

Stour, v. to move quickly, JD; stowrand, pr. p., S3.

Stouth, sb. stealth, S3.—Icel. stuldr.—Cf. Stelthe.

Stovys, sb. pl. vapours, S3; see Stew.

Stowyn, v. to stow, bring together, Prompt.; stauez, pr. s., S2; stouwet, pp., PP; stawed, S2; staued, S2; stewed, PP.—AS. stówigan (OET).

Stra, sb. straw, S; see Strawe.

Straight (for Strait), adj. close-fitting, tight, S3; see Streyt.

Strain, v. to distrain, S3.—AF. destreindre (pr. p. destreignant). See Streynen.

Strand, sb. stream, torrent, S2, S3, H; stronde, W2; strynd, JD.

Strande, sb. bank, shore, WA.

Strang, adj. strong, S; see Stronge.

Strangelyn, v. to suffocate, Prompt.; estrangle, NED; astrangle, NED, MD; astrangeled, pp., S2.—AF. estrangler; Lat. strangulare, of Gr. origin; cp. στραγγάλη, halter.

Strapeles, sb. pl. fastenings of breeches, S; strapuls, Voc.; strapils, Cath.—AS. strapulas (Voc.).

Strate, sb. way, street, S; see Strete.

Stratly, adv. closely, S2; see Streyt.

Straunge, adj. strange, foreign, C, Prompt.; strange, C.—AF. estrange; Lat. extraneum.

Straunge, v. to become strange; strangeþ, pr. s., S2; straungid, pp., HD.

Strawe, sb. straw, Prompt.; stra, S, Cath.; stree, C, Prompt. Comb.: strauberi, strawberry, SD; strabery, Cath.; strawbery-wyse, strawberry plant, Prompt.; straberi-wythe, Cath.—AS. stréaw, stréa; cp. Icel. strá, see Sievers, 250.

Strayny, pr. s. subj. restrain, S2; see Streynen.

Strayues, sb. pl. escheats, goods of strangers dead without English-born issue, and of bastards dead intestate, PP; streyues, P.—Cp. OF. estrahiere (Godefroy), also estrayere (see Cotg.), Low Lat. estraeria: Late Lat. extrateria; cp. extrates (Ducange). For the v intrusive see Parvis.

Strecchen, v. to stretch, PP; streke, H; strecche on, to exert (one self), S2; strekis, pr. s., H; strauȝte, pt. s., W; streiȝte, W; streiȝt, S2; streiȝten, pl., W; strekid, H; strekand, pr. p., S2, H; strekyng, S3; strekid, pp., H; strahte, pl., S; straughte, C.—AS. streccan, pt. strehte, pp. streht.

Stree, sb. straw, C; see Strawe.

Strem, sb. stream, ray, beam, S, S2, C2, Voc.; streem, C.—AS. stréam: Icel. straumr; see Douse, p. 61.

Stren, sb. race, progeny, HD; streen, C2; streones, pl., S.—AS. stréon, a getting, possession (Leo).

Strend, sb. generation, S2; strinds, pl., sons, children, WA.—AS. strýnd, stock, race.

Strenen, v. to get, beget, HD; ȝe-strenð, pr. s., S; i-streoned, pp., S; i-striened, S.—AS. stréonan, ge-stréonan; cp. OHG. (gi)striunen, to gain (Tatian).

Strenge, sb. string, S3, H (p. 367); strynge, Prompt.—AS. streng.

Strengen, v. to strengthen, SD; streng, imp. s., S.—AS. strangian. See Stronge.

Strengðe, sb. strength, violence, S, S2; strencðe, S; strenðe, S, S2; strengthes, pl., sources of strength, C2; strenthis, strong places, S3.—AS. strengðu.

Strengðen, v. to strengthen, SD; strengðeð him, pr. s. reflex., S; strenghþed, pt. s., S2; pp., S2; i-strengþed, S.

Strengthy, adj. strong; strenthie, JD; strenghthi, H.

Strenken, v. to sprinkle, S.

Strenkil, v. to sprinkle about, H; strenkelyn, Prompt.; strenkle, S2; strinkle, HD; strenkild, pp., H.

Strenkyl, sb. a sprinkling, a holy-water stick, Prompt.; strenkle, HD; strinkle, HD; strenncless, pl., S.

Streones, sb. pl. progeny, S; see Stren.

Strepen, v. to strip, C2, CM; streepe, C; strupen, S.—AS. strýpan (in be-strýpan).

Strete, sb. way, street, PP, S; strate, S; stret, S.—AS. strǽt: OS. stráta; Lat. strāta (uia); see Sievers, 17.

Streynen, v. to draw tight, C2, W, W2, PP; strayny, pr. s. subj., S2.—AF. streign- base of streignant, pr. p. of streindre (straindre); Lat. stringere.

Streyt, pp. and adj. pressed tightly, narrow, strict, S2, C; streite, S3, C; straight, S3; strayte, pl., S2; streyte, adv. closely, S2, C; streitliche, S2; stratly, S2; streatly, S3.—AF. estreit (estrait); Lat. strictum.

Strif, sb. strife, S; stryf, C.—AF. estrif; of Teutonic origin; see below.

Strifen, v. to strive, S2; stryvyn, Prompt.; strof, pt. s., C.—OF. estriver: Prov. estribar; OHG. strībhan; cp. G. streben; see Kluge (s.v.), and Mackel, Germ. Elemente.

Strike, sb. hank of flax, C, HD.

Striken, v. to strike, to rub, to let down, to advance, to move quickly, to flow, S2, SkD; stryke, PP, Palsg.; strok, pt. s., PP; stroke, P, WW; strake, S3, WW; strook, Sh.; strek, SkD; strike, pl., S; strake, S2; strocke, S3; striked, pp., PP, WW; striken, WW; stricken, WW; strooke, Sh.—AS. strícan, pt. strác (pl. stricon), pp. stricen.

Strogelen, v. to struggle, C3, SkD.

Strogelynge, sb. struggling, Prompt.

Stronde, sb. shore, strand, Prompt., S, C, C3, HD.—AS. strand. Cf. Strande.

Stronde, sb. stream, torrent, W2; see Strand.

Stronge, adj. strong, hard, severe, Prompt., S2; strong, S; strang, S, S2; stronge, adv., S, G; strengre, comp., S; strengere, S, S2, W2; strenger, C2; strengeste, superl., S; strengest, G.—AS. strang, comp. strengor, superl. strengest.

Strook, sb. stroke, C2. See Striken.

Stroyen, v. to destroy, PP, G, S3; struyen, P; stroy, S2, Sh.; struen, pr. pl., PP; stryede, pt. s., S2.—AF. destruy- base of destruyant, pr. p. of destruire; Late Lat. *destrŭgere; formed on Lat. destructus, pp. of destruere.

Strupen, v. to strip, S; see Strepen.

Stuard, sb. steward, S; see Sty.

Stubbe, sb. stump, trunk, C; stub, Cath.

Stucche, sb. piece, S; steche, S.—AS. stycce: OHG. stuki (Tatian).

Stude, sb. place, S; see Stede.

Stues, sb. pl. stews, baths, brothels, P; see Stewe.

Stund, sb. time, occasion, period, instant, S; see Stounde.

Stunt, adj. blunt, not sharp, obtuse, foolish, SD, HD, SkD; stuntlic, adv., foolishly, SD. Der.: stuntnesse, foolishness, SD.—Cp. OSwed. stunt, cut short.

Sturdy, adj. obstinate, stern, cruel, rash, Prompt., C2; stordy, CM, S; stourdy, SD.—OF. estourdi, amazed, rash (Cotg.), estordi, pp. of estordir; from Lat. turdus, a thrush; see Förster, ZRP, x. 84.

Sturdynesse, sb. sternness, disobedience, Prompt., C2.

Sturioun, sb. sturgeon, S2, HD.—AF. sturioun; Low Lat. sturionem; from OHG. sturio.

Sturne, Sturn-hede; see Sterne.

Sturuen, pt. pl. died, S; see Steruen.

Sty, sb. path, S2, Prompt.; stighe, dat., H; stighes, pl., H; stihes, S2; sties, S2; styes, H; steghes, H.—AS. stíg. See Stien.

Sty, sb. sty, porcarium, Prompt. Comb.: sty-ward, steward, senescallus, Prompt., C2, C3; stiward, S, C; steward, PP; stuward, P; stuard, S.—AS. stígu, a sty, whence stigweard.

Styf, adj. stiff, strong, violent, PP, S2; stif, S, S2, PP; steef, W2; stef, PP. Der.: stef-hede, sturdiness, S2.—AS. stíf; see SkD.

Styh, pt. s. mounted, S2; see Stien.

Stynten, v. to stint, cease, pause, PP, S2, H; stinten, C2, C3, S2, S; stunten, PP; stente, C2, S3; pt. s., C2; stint, S2; stynted, pl., S3; stent, pp., C.—AS. styntan, to make short. See Stunt.

Sty-rop, stirrup, Prompt., G; stirop, S, C2; stiroppe, S3.—AS. stíg-ráp (Voc.). See Stien.

Su-; see also Sw-.

Note that words in Su- are alphabetized in a single block, without distinguishing between vowel (“su” sound) and consonant (“sv” or “sw” sound).

Sua, so, as, S, S2; see Swa.

Sual, sb. swell (as of the sea), H. See Swellen.

Suank, pt. pl. toiled, S2; see Swinken.

Sublymatorie, sb. vessels for sublimation, C3.—Late Lat. sublimatorium.

Sublymen, v. to sublimate, C3.—Lat. sublimare.

Sublyming, sb. sublimation, C3.

Succinis, sb. amber, S2.—From Lat. succinum (Voc.).

Sudarie, sb. napkin, W; sudary, HD.—Lat. sudarium (Vulg.).

Sudekene, sb. sub-deacon, HD.

Sudene, sb. sub-dean, PP; suddene, PP.

Suein, sb. servant, S2; see Sweyn.

Suen, v. to follow, attend on, persecute, PP, W, W2, S2, S3; suwen, S2, W, PP; sewen, PP, S2, C; swe, S3, W.—OF. siw-, pr. p. base of sivre: Late Lat. sĕquere (for Lat. sequi); see BH, § 32.

Suencten, pt. pl. afflicted, S; see Swenchen.

Suere, sb. follower, W.

Suffisance, sb. sufficiency, C2.—AF. suffisance.

Suffisant, adj. sufficient, S2, C2, C3.—AF. suffisant.

Suffragane, sb. assistant, deputy, properly of a bishop, S3.—Late Lat. suffraganeus.

Suffraunce, sb. endurance, patience, C2; soffraunce, PP; suffrance, P.—AF. suffraunce.

Suffren, v. to suffer, C2, PP; suffri, S; soffren, PP.—OF. suffrir.

Sufrayn; see Souereyn.

Suget, sb. subject, H (p. 361).—AF. suget; Lat. subiectum.

Sugetin, v. to subject; sugetide, pt. s., W; suget, pp., W, W2.

Sugge, 2 pr. s. subj. say, S; see Seggen.

Suggestioun, sb. criminal charge, reason, P, C2.—AF. suggestioun; Lat. suggestionem.

Suhien, v. to sough, sound harsh; suhiende, pr. p. pl., S (9. 336); suinde, S.—From AS. swógan. See Swowen.

Suik, sb. deceit, S2; see Swike.

Suld, should; see Scholde.

Sulf, self, S; see Self.

Sulien, v. to bemire, to sully, SkD, SD; y-suled, pp., S3.—AS. sylian: OHG. sulian (in bi-sulian), see Grein, p. 95; cp. AS. sol, mire (Voc.).

Sullen, v. to sell, S, S2; see Sellen.

Suller, sb. seller, S2; see Seller.

Sulliche, adv. strangely, S; see Sellich.

Suluer, sb. silver, S2; see Siluer.

Sulȝart, adj. (perhaps) bright, shining, S3.—(Cf. Gael. soilleir, bright, shining, OIr. sollus, bright.—W. W. S.)

Sulȝe, sb. soil, earth, S3; soyle, Prompt. Comb.: sule erthe, soil, Prompt.—AF. soyl; Late Lat. solea used for Lat. solum, ground, see Ducange.

Sum, adj. and pron. some, a certain one, S; zom, S2; sumere, dat., S; sume, pl., S. Comb.: sume we, some of us, S; alle and some, one and all, S2; sum . . . . sum, one . . . . one, S; sum-chere, some time, S; sumdel, something, S, S2; somdel, S2, C2; sumdeale, S3; sumdeill, S3; sumdeel, W2; some dele, P; sumhwet, somewhat, S; somwat, S2; summehwile, for some time, S; sumewile, sometimes, S; sumwile, formerly, S; somtym, sometimes, C3; summes-weis, in some wise, S.

Sum, conj. as. Comb.: swa summ, so as, S.

Sumer, sb. summer, S; see Somer.

Sumundis, pr. s. summonses, H; see Sompne.

Sund, adj. sound, S; sound, PP.—AS. (ge)sund; cp. OHG. gi-sunt (Otfrid).

Sunder, adv. apart; sonder, S2. Comb.: sunder-bleo, diverse colour, SD; sunder-halȝe, Pharisee, SD; sunder-liche, separately, S; sundirly, severally, H; sunder-lipes, severally, SD; sunder-lepes, S; sunder-ling, separately, SD. Der.: sundren, to separate, S; i-sundred, pp., S; sundri, separate, S; sondry, C2.

Sunegen, v. to sin, S; sinegen, S; sungið, pl., S; sunegeden, pt. pl., S; sinegeden, S; seneȝden, S; seneȝeden, S; sineged, pp., S; i-suneged, S.—AS. syngian; cp. Icel. syndga.

Sunen, v. to sound, S; see Sounen.

Sungen, pt. pl. sang, S; see Syngen.

Sunne, sb. sun, S. S2; see Sonne.

Sunne, sb. sin, S, S2, PP; senne, S; sinne, S; synne, PP; zenne, S2; sunnen, pl., S; sennenn, S; sinne, S; zennen, S2. Comb.: sun-bend, sin-bond, S; sinne-bendes, pl., S; sun-bote, penance, S; sinbote, S; sunful, sinful, S; senfulle, S; sinfule, S.—AS. synn: OS. sundea; cp. OHG. sunta (Tatian).

Suor, pt. t. of Sweren, q.v.

Sup, v. to sup, drink gradually, eat supper, S3; soop, pt. s., W; sopun, pp., W; sope, W.—AS. súpan, pt. séap (pl. supon), pp. sopen. Cf. Soupen.

Superflue, adj. superfluous, HD; superfluli, adv., W2.—OF. superflu (Cotg.); Lat. superfluum.

Supplement, sb. new piece, patch, S2.—Lat. supplementum.

Supposinge, sb. supposition, C2.

Supposs, conj. supposing, although, S3.

Supprioure, sb. sub-prior, P.

Sur, sb. shower; sures, pl., S; see Schowre.

Sur, adj. sour, S; see Sour.

Sure, adj. sure, PP.—AF. seür; Lat. securum.

Suren, v. to give security to, PP, S3.

Surety, sb. surety; seurtee, C3, S2; seurte, C; souerte, S3.—AF. seürte; Lat. securitatem.

Surfait, sb. surfeit, excess, P; surfet, PP.—AF. surfait, surfet, outrage, annoyance.

Surplys, sb. surplice, C3.—OF. surplis; Late Lat. superpelliceum.

Surquidry, sb. pride, arrogance, WA; surquedry, ND, Spenser 2; surquidrie, CM; succudry, B.—OF. surcuiderie, from surcuider; Lat. super + cogitare, to think.

Surrye, sb. Syria, S2.

Surryen, adj. Syrian, S2.

Suspect, sb. suspicion, C2, HD.—Late Lat. suspectus, suspicion (Ducange).

Suspect, adj. open to suspicion, C2.—Lat. suspectus, pp. of suspicere, to suspect.

Sustene, v. to sustain, C2; susteene, C3; susteyne, PP; sustened, pp., C2; i-susteined, S2; i-sousteined, S2.—AF. sustener, OF. sostenir; Lat. sustinēre.

Suster, sb. sister, S, C2, C3, PP; soster, S2; sustre, P; sustren, pl., S, P; sostren, S2; zostren, S2; sistren, C; sistris, W.—AS. swuster, sweostor; cp. Goth. swistar (Icel. systir), cognate with Lat. soror (for *sosor), Skt. svasr. On the Teutonic intrusive t see Douse, p. 61.

Sute, sb. suit of clothes, clothing of human flesh, also train, suite, PP, Cath., Prompt.—AF. suyte; from suivre, sivre, to follow. See Suen.

Sutel, adj. manifest, SD; suteliche, adv. plainly, S.—AS. sweotol (swutol), see OET; from sweot, an assembly; cp. Icel. sveit.

Suteli, adv. subtly, W; see Sotyle.

Sutelin, v. to be manifest, S.—AS. (ge)sweotulian.

Suð, adj. south, S; see Sowthe.

Suþe, adv. very, S; see Swithe.

Suþþe, afterwards, since, S, S2; see Siððen.

Suthroun, adj. southern, S3; see Sowtherne.

Suun, sb. a swoon, S2; see Swowne.

Suwed, pp. followed, S2; see Suen.

Swa, adv. and conj. so, as, S, S2; swo, S; sa, S, S2; so, S, S2; se, S; sua, S, S2; zuo, S2. Comb.: se-forð, so far, S; so-gat, in such a way, S2.—AS. swá.

Swage, v. to assuage, diminish, W, W2, H, S3. See Aswagen.

Swaliden, pt. pl. dried up, W; see Swelen.

Swamish, adj. timorous, inaudaculus, Manip. See Sweem.

Swappe, sb. a stroke, HD.

Swappen, v. to strike, slash, to fall suddenly, C2; swap, imp. s., C3; swapte, pt. s., C2; pl., S3.

Swarde, sb. covering, skin, turfy surface, sward, Prompt.; swarth, Cath. (n. p. 373); swarthe, HD; swart, HD; sweard, HD. Der.: swardit, pp., grass-covered, S3.—AS. sweard, skin (Voc.); cp. Icel. svörðr (base svarða-), skin of the head, also the sward, surface of the earth.

Sware, adj. square, S2; see Sqware.

Swart, adj. black, S, HD; swarte, S.—AS. sweart: OS. swart; cp. OHG. suarz (Tatian).

Swarve, v. to swerve, S3; see Sweruen.

Swat; see Swot.

Swatte, Swat; see Sweten.

Swe, v. to follow, S3; see Suen.

Sweande; see Sweyen.

Sweem, sb. a swoon, trance, grief, Prompt., SkD (s.v. squeamish); sweam, ‘subita aegrotatio,’ SkD; swaim, Prompt. (n); swem, S; sweme, SkD, HD; sume, S2.—Icel. sveimr, a bustle, stir.

Sweigh, sb. sway, motion, S2, C3. See Sweyen.

Swele, v. to wash, S2; see Swilien.

Swelen, v. to sweal, to waste away under the action of fire, SkD, Trevisa, 3. 325; swale, HD; swaliden, pt. pl., dried up, W.—AS. swélan; from swól, heat (OET).

Swellen, v. to swell; swal, pt. s., S, S2, C2, PP; swollen, pp., C2.—AS. swellan, pt. sweall, pp. swollen.

Swelten, v. to faint, to die, PP; swalt, pt. s., SD; swulten, pl., SD; swelte, pt. s. (weak), C, HD.—AS. sweltan, to die, pt. swealt (pl. swulton); cp. Icel. svelta.

Swelten, v. to destroy, to cause to perish, S2; swelt, pp., SD.—Icel. svelta, to put to death (causal of the above).

Swelth, sb. offscouring, filth, S3, HD, ND. See Swilian.

Swelwen, v. to swallow, C2; see Swolowen.

Swem, sb. a grief, S; see Sweem.

Swenchen, v. to distress, afflict, S; suencten, pt. pl., S; i-swechte, pp., S.—AS. swencan (causal of swincan). See Swinken.

Sweore, sb. neck, S; see Swere.

Sweote, adj. sweet, S; see Swete.

Swep, sb. drift, meaning, S. See Swopen.

Swepe, sb. whip, SD; swepen, pl., S; swupen, S; swepes, S.

Swepen, v. to sweep, SkD; y-sweped, pp., C3. See Swopen.

Swerde, sb. sword, Prompt., PP; swerd, PP, S, C2; sweord, S; suerd, S, S2; zuord, S2.—AS. sweord: OS. swerd; cp. OHG. swert (Tatian).

Swere, sb. neck, S; sweere, G; see Swire.

Sweren, v. to swear, S, S2, C2; swerien, S; sueren, S; swor, pt. s., S: suor, S, S2; sware, S2; sweren, pl., S; sworen, S, C2; suoren, S; suore, S2; sworen, pp., S; swore, C2, G; y-swore, S2, C2; i-suore, S2.—AS. swerian, pt. swór, pp. sworen.

Swering, sb. swearing, C3.

Sweruen, v. to swerve, SkD; swarve, S3; suaruing, pr. p., S3; swarued, pp., S3.—AS. sweorfan, to rub, pt. swearf, pp. sworfen.

Swete, adj. sweet, S, C; sweote, S; suete, S, S2; suote, S2; sote, C2, C3; swete, adv., S; swote, S, C; soote, S3; soot, S3; swettere, comp., W2; sweteliche, adv., sweetly, S; swetlike, S; swetterly, comp. more sweetly, H. Der.: swetnesse, sweetness, S; swotnesse, S.—AS. swéte: OS. swóti cp. OHG. suozi (Tatian).

Sweten, v. to make sweet, S.—AS. swétan.

Sweten, v. to sweat, S, P; swatte, pt. s., S, C2, C3, W2; swattes, 2 pt. s., S; swat, pl., S3.—AS. swǽtan, pt. swǽtte. See Swot.

Sweuen, sb. dream, S, C2; sweuene, S, S2, P, W; swefnes, pl., S.—AS. swefen: OS. sweban.

Sweuenen, v. to dream, SD.

Sweuening, sb. dreaming, S, S2.

Sweuien, v. to send to sleep; sweueð, pr. s., S.—Icel. svefja, to lull to sleep.

Sweyen, v. to sway, to go, walk, pass, SkD, HD; sweiȝen, SD; sweȝen, SkD; sweande, pr. p., S2; swe, pr. pl., S2; seyed, pp., S2.—Cp. Swed. sviga, to bend.

Sweyen, v. to sound, PP; sweien, S.—AS. swégan (causal of swógan). See Swowen.

Sweyne, sb. servant, armiger, Prompt., S; swayn, C2, G; swein, S; sueyn, S; suein, S2.—Icel. sveinn, a boy, lad, servant; cp. AS. swán.

Swi-, prefix, silent. Comb.: swi-dages, still days, days of silence, S; swi-messe, the Canon of the Mass, the silent Mass, S; swi-wike, the still week, SD.—AS. swíge, silence.

Swien, v. to be silent; swigeð, pr. s., S; swiede, pt. s., S.—AS. swían, swígian; cp. OHG. suíigén (Tatian).

Swiere, sb. neck, S; see Swire.

Swike, sb. traitor, deceiver, S; suikes, pl., S.—AS. swica.

Swike, sb. mouse-trap, S; swyke, Voc.; suik, deceit, S2.—AS. swice, ‘scandalum’ (Grein).

Swike, adj. deceitful, SD. Comb.: swikedom, treachery, S, S2; suikedom, S2; swicful, treacherous, S; swikfull, H.—AS. swice.

Swikel, adj. treacherous, S, H; sikil, H; swikilly, adv., H. Comb.: swikeldom, treachery, S; swikeldome, S2; swikelhede, treachery, S; swikelede, S; suikelhede, S2.—AS. swicol.

Swiken, v. to cease, fail, deceive, S; swyken, H; suyken, pt. pl., S.—AS. swícan, pt. swác (pl. swicon), pp. swicen.

Swilien, v. to wash, SkD; swele, S2.—AS. swilian.

Swilk, adj. such, H, S; see Swyche.

Swin, sb. pig, porcus, SD; swyne, Voc.; pl., S.—AS. swín.

Swinden, v. to perish, dwindle away, S; swynde, S.—AS. swindan, pt. swand (pl. swundon), pp. swunden.

Swing, sb. bias, inclination, sway, HD; free course of behaviour, S3; swinge, sway, S3.

Swingen, v. to swing, beat, whip, scourge; swyngen, H; swungen, pp., S; swongen, H; swongyn, H.—AS. swingan, pt. swang (pl. swungon), pp. swungen.

Swink, sb. toil, S, C3; swynk, S2; swinc, S; suinc, S; swinch, S; swunche, S.—AS. (ge)swinc.

Swinken, v. to toil, S, C3, ND; swynke, S2, C; swincke, S3; swanc, pt. s., S; swonc, S; swunken, pl., S; swonken, S2; suank, S2.—AS. swincan, pt. swanc (pl. swuncon), pp. swuncen.

Swinkere, sb. labourer, C.

Swippen, v. to move violently; swipte, pt. s., tossed, S.—AS. swipian.

Swire, sb. neck, CM; swyre, S2, HD; sweore, S; swere, S; sweere, G; swiere S; swyer, HD.—AS. sweora.

Swirk, v. to dart swiftly away, S3.

Swirk, sb. a jerk, a blow, HD.

Swithe, adv. very, greatly, much, quickly, S, S2, P, W, G; swythe, S, S2, C3; swuðe, S; suiðe, S, S2; suyðe, S, S2; suþe, S; swith, S2; swiðeliche, exceedingly, S.—AS. swíðe, adv. from swíð, strong: Goth. swinths.

Swiðen, v. to scorch, burn, SD; swideð, pr. s., S.—Icel. svíða.

Swo, so, as, S; see Swa.

Swogh, sb. a swoon; see Swough.

Swolowe, sb. gulf, W2.

Swolowen, v. to swallow, W2; swolwen, C3; swelwen, C2, Prompt.; swolgen, pp., S; i-swolȝe, S; swolewid, pt. s. weak, W2.—From AS. swelgan, pt. swealh (pl. swulgon), pp. swolgen.

Swongen, pp. beaten, H; see Swingen.

Swonken, pt. pl. toiled (to get), S2; see Swinken.

Swopen, v. to sweep, cleanse, S2, PP, HD, SkD (s.v. swoop).—AS. swápan, pt. swéop, pp. swápen.

Swor, pt. t. of Sweren, q.v.

Swot, sb. sweat, PP, W; swat, S; swote, dat., C3.—AS. swát.

Swote, adj. sweet, S, C; see Swete.

Swouch, v. to make a rustling sound, S3.—AS. swógan. See Swowen.

Swough, sb. the sound of the wind, a sighing, swoon, C, C2, CM, HD; swogh, S3, HD; swowe, S2, HD. See above.

Swowe, sb. swoon, S2; see Swough.

Swowen, v. to faint, swoon, PP; i-swoȝe, pp., S; y-swoȝe, S.—AS. swógan, to make a noise like the wind, to sough, sigh. Cf. Swouch, Swough, Suhien.

Swowne, sb. swoon; sowne, S3; suun, S2; swownde, HD; sound, S3.

Swownen, v. to swoon, C, C2, C3, Prompt., Cath.; swoune, PP.

Swunche, sb. toil, S; see Swink.

Swungen, pp. beaten, scourged, S; see Swingen.

Swunken, pt. pl. worked, toiled, S; see Swinken.

Swupen, pl. whips, scourges, S; see Swepe.

Swuðe, adv. very, quickly, S; see Swithe.

Swyche, adj. such, PP, S2; swiche, S, C2, PP; swuch, S; suich, S2; soche, S; zuyche, S2; siche, W; swice, S; swulche, S; swilch, S; swulc, S; swilc, S; swilk, H, S; suilc, S; suilk, S, S2; silc, S2; sike, S3.—AS. swilc (= swá + líc).

Swymbel, sb. a giddy motion, C.—Cp. Dan. svimmel, giddiness.

Swyme, sb. dizziness, vertigo, HD (s.v. swime), SkD (s.v. swim, 2); swym, SkD.—AS. swíma; see SkD (s.v. squeamish).

Sy, sb. victory, S; see Siȝe.

Syde, adj. and adv. wide, long, far, Cath.; side, S, PP, S2, Cotg. (s.v. robon); syd, Prompt. (n); syyd, Prompt.; cyyd, Prompt.; sydder, comp., P.—AS. síd, wide, síde, far.

Syen, pt. pl. saw; see Seon.

Syke, sb. sigh, C; syk, C2; seych, S3.

Syken, v. to sigh, C, C3, PP; siken, S, S2, PP; syghte, pt. s., C3; sicht, S3; sykede, PP; syked, C2; siȝede, S3.—AS. sícan.

Syment, sb. cement, MD; cyment, MD.—OF. ciment; Lat. caementum; see BH, § 39.

Symented, pp. cemented, S2.

Symulacris, sb. pl. images, idols, W; simylacris, W; symelacris, W.—Lat. simulacrum (Vulg.).

Syn, since, S2, S3; see Siððen.

Synewe, sb. sinew, Prompt.; synow, Voc.; synoghe, S2.—AS. sinu (gen. sinwe), see Sievers, 259.

Syng, sb. sign, S3; singne, W; sygne, PP; signe, PP.—AF. signe; Lat. signum.

Syngabil, adj. pl. things to sing (= Lat. cantabiles), H.

Syngen, v. to sing, PP; singen, S; song, pt. s., S, S3, C2; pl., S3; songe, S3; sungen, pl., S; sunge, pp., S; songe, C2.—AS. singan.

Synguler, adj. sole, alone, excelling all, PP; singuler, S2, C3, W2; relating to one person, S3; singulare, individual, S3; syngulerli, only, W2.—Lat. singularis.

Synnamome, sb. cinnamon, S3; cynamome, MD; synamome, MD; synamon, MD.—OF. cinamome; Lat. cinnamomum (Vulg.); Gr. κινάμωμον; Heb. qinnāmōn.

Synopyr, sb. a pigment of reddish and greenish colour, Prompt.; synopar, S3; cynoper, MD; cinoper, ND; cynope, green, in heraldry, SkD (s.v. sinople).—Cp. OF. sinople, green colour in blazon (Cotg.), also sinope; Late Lat. sinopidem, red ochre; from Gr. σινωπίς, a red earth; from Σινώπη, Sinope, a port on the Black Sea.

Syon, sb. scion, a cutting for grafting, a young shoot, S3, Palsg.; cyun, Prompt.; cion, SkD; sioun, SD; siouns, pl., branches (= Lat. palmites), W2.—OF. cion.

Syrupe, sb. syrup, Cath.; sirop, SkD; soryp, Prompt.; seroppes, pl. syrups, S3.—OF. syrop (Cotg.); Arab. shuráb, syrup, a beverage.

Sythe, sb. scythe, PP, Voc., Prompt.; sithe, P.—AS. síðe (Voc.), sigdi (OET); cp. Icel. sigðr.

Syue, sb. sieve, C3, Prompt.—AS. sife (Voc.), sibi (OET), see Sievers, 262.

Syȝen, pt. pl. saw; see Seon.

Syȝt, sb. sight, S2; see Sighte.

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Ta-, Te-

Ta, v. to take, S2, S3; see Take.

Taa, Comb.: the taa, the one, HD.

Taa, sb. toe, S2; see Too.

Tabard, sb. a short coat or mantle, usually sleeveless, formerly worn by ploughmen, noblemen, and heralds, now by heralds only, HD, SkD, C; tabart, S2, PP; tabarde, PP, Voc.; tabbard, collobium, Prompt.; taberd, Voc.; taberde, Voc.; tabare, Voc.—OF. tabard, tabart, also tabarre (Cotg.); cp. It. tabarro.

Tabarder, sb. a name for scholars at Queen’s College, Oxford, ND.

Tabernacle, sb. a place in which some holy thing is deposited, WA; tabernacles, pl., niches of a lofty cross, S3; ornamental niches, HD; shrines, S3 (1. 181).—Lat. tabernaculum (Vulg.); cp. OF. tabernacle (Cotg.).

Table, sb. in palmistry, a space between certain lines on the hand, HD; tables, pl., a game, now called backgammon, CM. See Tavel.

Tabour, sb. a small drum, SkD; tabur, WA; taber, Voc.—OF. tabor, thabour.

Taburne, sb. a drum, tympanum, WA, Voc., Cath.; taburn, H.

Taburner, sb. a player on the tabor, timpanista, Cath.; taberner, timpanizator, Voc.

Taburnystir, sb. female tabor player (= tympanistria), H.

Tache, sb. a mark, sign, quality, stain, blemish, fault, HD; tacche, HD; tacches, pl., PP; tacchis, HD; teches, S2. Der.: tached, pp., tainted, stained; tachyd, PP.—OF. tache, teche, and OF. tacher, to spot, to stain.

Tache, sb. a clasp, brooch, fibula, Cath. (n), Voc. Cf. Takke.

Tachen, v. to fasten, Cath. (n). Cf. Takken.

Tacne, sb. token, S; see Tokne.

Tacnen, v. to betoken, S; takened, pp., S2.—AS. (ge)tácnian.

Tade, sb. toad, bufo, Voc., Cath., S2; tadde, S. Comb.: tadde-chese, tubera, Voc.; tadde-pol, brucus, Voc.; tadpolle, lumbricus, Voc.; tade-stole, boletus, fungus, Cath.—Cp. AS. tádige (tádie).

Taffata, sb. a thin glossy silk stuff, C, WA, Cotg.; tafata, Palsg.; taffaty, HD.—Low Lat. taffata (Ducange); cp. OF. taffetas (Cotg.).

Tahte, Tagte, pt. s. of Techen.

Tai, they, S; see Þei.

Taille, sb. a tally, an account scored on a piece of wood, C, P; taile, CM, P; tayle, Cath., Prompt.; taly, Prompt.—OF. taille, a cut, a notch, a tally (Cotg.), from tailler, to cut.

Taillour, sb. tailor, S2, PP; tayleȝour, Voc.; taylȝor, Voc.; taylours, PP.—AF. taillour. See above.

Takel, sb. implement, tackle, arrow, C, SkD; tacle, Prompt.; takil, B. Der.: takild, pp., caught, seized, H.—Cp. Du. takel.

Taken, v. to take, to deliver, yield up, hand over, to hit, reflex., to betake oneself, S, S2, S3, G, PP, W; tæcen, S; ta, S2, S3, B; toc, pt. s., S: tok, S, S2; tuk, S3; toke, 2 pt. s., S; token, pl., S, W2; taken, pp., S3; take, S2, C, C2; y-take, S2, C2; i-take, S; tane, S2, S3; tan, S2. Phr.: taken with, to endure, accept, S; taken to, to take to, S (s.v. tok); taken kepe, to take heed, C2; taken tome, to vacate, H.—Icel. taka.

Taken, sb. token, S2; see Tokne.

Taking, sb. snare; takyng, W2.

Takke, sb. button, clasp, Prompt. Cf. Tache.

Takken, v. to fasten, to sew together, Prompt. Cf. Tachen.

Takning, sb. signification, S2; see Toknynge.

Tal, adj. seemly, Prompt.

Talde, pt. s. of Tellen.

Tale, sb. account, reckoning, tale, narrative, talk, the gospel narrative, S, S2, C2, PP. Comb.: tale-tellour, tale-bearer, PP; tale-wys, slanderous, PP; tal-wis, PP.—AS. talu, ‘numerus, narratio’; cp. OHG. zala ‘numerus’ (Tatian).

Talen, v. to speak, C, S2.—AS. talian, to reckon (Grein).

Talent, sb. desire, inclination, appetite, B, Prompt., C3, HD.—OF. talent, desire (BH); Late Lat. talentum (Ducange).

Talvace, sb. a kind of buckler or shield, HD; talvas, HD.—OF. talevas, talvas (Ducange), also tallevas (Cotg.); cp. Low Lat. talavacius (Ducange).

Talyage, sb. a taxing, Prompt. (s.v. taske); tallage, flavour, S3; talage, HD.—Low Lat. talliagium, a taxing, testing public weights and measures (Ducange).

Tan, pp. taken, S2; see Take.

Tancrit, adj. transcribed; tancrete, S3.—OF. tancrit; Lat. transcriptum (Ducange).

Tang, sb. sea-weed, SkD, JD. Comb.: tang-fish, the seal, JD.—Icel. þang.

Tangle, sb. sea-weed, HD, JD.—Icel. þöngull.

Tangle, v. to twist confusedly; tangell, Palsg.; tangild, pp., ensnared, H (p. 149).

Tapecer, sb. a maker of tapestry, Prompt.; tapicer, C; tapesere, Prompt.—OF. tapissier, from tapis, tapiz; Late Gr. ταπίτιον, for ταπήτιον. Cf. Tapet.

Tapecerye, sb. tapestry, HD.—OF. tapisserie.

Tapet, sb. cloth, hangings, tapestry, Prompt., ND; tappet, HD; tapite, S3; tapyt, Voc.; tapett, Cath.; tapetis, pl. (= Lat. tapetes), W2; tapites, HD; tapets, S3. Der.: tapiter, a maker of tapestry, HD.—Lat. tapete, from Gr. ταπήτιον Cf. Tapecer.

Tapinage, sb. secret sculking, HD.—OF. tapinage (Ducange); cp. tapir, to hide (Cotg.).

Tapissynge, sb. hangings, H.

Tappe, sb. a tap, clipsidra, Prompt.; teppe, SD. Comb.: tap-tre, clipsidra, HD, Cath.

Tappestere, sb. a female tapster, C; tapstare, propinaria. Prompt.

Tarette, sb. ship of heavy burden, S2.—Low Lat. tareta, also tarida (Ducange); cp. OF. taride.

Targe, sb. a charter, Prompt.

Targe, sb. a small shield, C, S2, Voc.—OF. targe (BH); cp. targue (Cotg.).

Target, sb. a small targe, Prompt.; targett, Voc.; tergate, S3; targattes, pl., SkD.—Low Lat. targeta; cp. It. targhetta (Florio).

Tarien, v. to delay, to hinder, C2; to tarry, W2, S3; see Terien.

Tarne, sb. a girl, HD.—Icel. þerna; cp. OHG. thiarna (Otfrid); see Kluge (s.v. dirne). See Þerne.

Tarne, sb. a tarn; see Terne.

Tas, sb. heap, C; taas, C; tasse, Prompt., HD.—OF. tas, stack, heap (BH); cp. Du. tas, Low Lat. tassis (Voc.), tassus (Ducange).

Taske, sb. a taxing, Prompt.; a task, HD, Palsg.—Cp. Late Lat. tasca for taxa, a tax. See Taxen.

Tasker, sb. a thrasher, Voc., HD; taskar, B; taskur, Bardsley.

Tassel, sb. male hawk; see Tercel.

Tast, sb. taste, S3, PP; taast, Prompt.

Tasten, v. to feel, touch, kiss, taste, C3, PP; taasten, Prompt.; tast, pt. s., probed, HD.—OF. taster, to feel by touch, to taste (F. tâter); Late Lat. *taxitare, frequent. of Lat. taxare, to handle.

Tatter, a shred, loose-hanging rag, a ragged person, ND, SkD; totters, pl., rags, Sh. Der.: tatered, adj., jagged, S3.—Icel. tötturr (for tölturr), töturr.

Tauny, adj. tawny, P; tanny, Prompt.—AF. taune, OF. tanne, tawny, tanned, pp. of taner, to tan (BH).

Tavel, sb. the game of ‘tables’, backgammon, SD. Comb.: tævel-bred, backgammon-board, SD.—AS. tæfel, ‘alea’ (Voc.); Lat. tabula. See Table.

Tavelen, v. to play at ‘tables’, S.

Taverne, sb. an inn, Prompt., Voc.—AF. taverne; Lat. taberna.

Taverner, sb. inn-keeper, C2, HD, P, Voc.; tavernere, Prompt.—AF. taverner; Late Lat. tabernarium.

Tawen, v. to prepare leather, SkD; tewen, Prompt.; taw, to dress hemp, HD; tawed, pp., hardened with labour, S3; i-tauwed, S.—AS. tawian, to prepare, dress leather, to scourge.

Tawer, sb. a tanner, SD, SkD.

Tawnen, v. to shew, S; taunede, pt. s., SD.—Cp. ODu. toonen and MHG. zounen for zougenen, from OHG. zougjan for azougjan (see Lexer); cp. AS. æt-ýwan. See Awnen.

Taxen, v. to tax, SkD, PP.—AF. taxer; Lat. taxare.

Taxoure, sb. a taxer, P.

Tayl, sb. tail, a retinue, train of followers, S2, C2, PP; taile, S2, PP; tayle, Cath.—AS. tægl: Goth. tagl, hair.

Tayt, adj. glad, cheerful, brisk, S3; teyte, pl., HD.—Icel. teitr.

Te-, prefix; same as To- (2).

Teald, pp. of Tellen.

Teares, pl. tears, S; see Tere.

Techen, v. to teach, S, C2, S2; teachen, S; tache, S; tahte, pt. s., S; taihte, S; tagte, S; tahtes, 2 pt. s., S; tehten, pl., S; taucht, pp., S3; y-taȝt, S2; y-taught, C2.—AS. tǽcan, pt. tǽhte, pp. tǽht.

Teches, sb. pl. marks, signs, S2; see Tache.

Teer, sb. tear, C2; see Tere.

Teise, sb. a fathom, HD.—AF. teise (OF. toise); Late Lat. tensa. Cf. Teyse.

Teiȝen, v. to tie, bind, S2; see Tiȝen.

Teld, sb. a covering, tent, SkD (s.v. tilt); telde, S2, HD; telte, Prompt.; tilde, PP (p. 779).—AS. (ge)teld, a tent; cp. Icel. tjald.

Telden, v. to pitch a tent, to erect a building, to dwell, PP; tilden, S3; tilde, pt. s., PP; tulde, PP; telt, HD; teldit, pp., PP; tyld, S3.

Tele, sb. sorcery, magic, HD.

Telen, v. to reprove, to scoff at, S; tælen, S.—ONorth. telan (Luke 7. 30), AS. tǽlan, to blame, from tálu, ‘calumnia’ (Grein).

Telie, v. to till, cultivate, PP; see Tilien.

Telinge, sb. husbandry, culture, study, practice of magic; telynge, HD; tulyinge, PP; teolunges, pl., S.—AS. teolung, tilung, tilling, culture, study.

Tellen, v. to tell, count, esteem, S, S2; telst, 2 pr. s., S; telð, pr. s., S, S2; tellus, pl., S2; talde, pt. s., S; tolde, S2, PP; telld, S2; tolden, pl., S; talden to, accounted, S; telden, W; teald, pp., S; talde, S2; ytold, C2, S2; i-told, S; told, S2.—AS. tellan, pt. tealde, pp. ge-teald. See Tale.

Teme, sb. theme, subject, text, PP; teeme, S2, PP.—OF. theme; Lat. thema; Gr. θέμα.

Teme, v. to tame, H; temyd, pp. H.—AS. temian (Voc.): Goth. (ga)tamjan.

Temen, v. to bring forward as witness, S.—AS. téman, týman (Schmid), from téam, a summoning for warranty (Schmid).

Temen, v. to make empty, to pour out, HD, Prompt., Cath., H; tume, JD; teym, JD.—Icel. tœma, to empty; from tómr, empty. See Tome.

Temp, v. to tempt, H; tent, to probe, Sh.; temped, pp., HD.—OF. tempter (F. tenter); Lat. tentare.

Temporal, adj. lasting but for a short time, S2.—OF. temporel; Lat. temporalem (Vulg.).

Temporalite, sb. temporal power, PP; temperaltes, temporalities, PP.—AF. temporalitee.

Tempre, v. to temper, moderate, restrain, PP, C2; temperid, pp., directed, W2; tempred, fitted, attuned, S2, PP.—OF. temprer (F. tremper); Lat. temperare.

Tempre, adj. tempered, modified, temperate, H.—OF. tempre.

Ten, v. to draw, pull, train, also to go, mount, reflex. to conduct oneself, S; teon, S; tuen, HD; te, HD; teð, pr. s., S; tuhen, pt. pl., S; i-toȝen, pp., S; i-tohen, S. Comb.: ful-itohe, badly trained, S.—AS. téon, pt. téah (pl. tugon), pp. togen: Goth. tiuhan; cp. Lat. ducere; see Brugmann, § 65.

Tend, adj. ord. tenth, S2, B; tende, HD.

Tende, sb. a tenth, HD; teind, tithe, S3; tendis, pl., H.—Icel. tíund, a tenth.

Tende, v. to tithe, Cath.

Tenden, v. to kindle, set fire to, S2, W; teenden, W; tind, HD; tendeden, pt. pl., PP; tenden, PP; tendyn, PP; tende, S2; y-tend, pp., S2.—AS. tendan (in on-tendan): Goth. tandjan, causal of *tindan, to burn.

Tene, sb. grief, vexation, injury, S, S2, S3, PP, B; teene, PP; teone, S, S2, PP; teyne, B; tyene, S2.—AS. téona.

Tenen, v. to vex, trouble, injure, PP; teene, PP; teonen, PP.—AS. týnan.

Tennes, sb. tennis, S3; see Tenyse.

Tenserie, sb. an extraordinary impost, robbery, S (2. 42).—OF. tenserie; Late Lat. tensaria.

Tente, sb. a tent, C2, PP.—OF. tente (Bartsch); Late Lat. tenta, cloth stretched.

Tente, sb. intention, purpose, PP; tent, attention, care, heed, S2, JD, W, W2, H.—OF. atente (BH).

Tentyf, adj. attentive, CM; tentifly, adv., attentively, C2.—OF. attentif.

Tenyse, sb. tennis, Palsg.; teneys, tenisia, Prompt.; tennes, S3, SkD.

Teolung, sb. magical practice, S; see Telinge.

Teon, v. to draw, S; see Ten.

Teone, sb. grief, S; see Tene.

Terce, adj. a third, SkD; tierce, the third hour (canonical), SkD; tyerse, SkD.—AF. terce, tierce, OF. terc, tiers, tierce; Lat. tertia.

Tercel, sb. the male of any kind of hawk, CM, Prompt., Sh.; tercelle, Voc.; terselle, Cath.; tassel, Sh.; tassell, Cotg.—AF. tercel, from OF. terce.

Tercelet, sb. a small hawk, C2.—AF. tercelet, OF. tiercelet (Cotg.).

Tere, sb. tear, S, C2; teer, C2; teares, pl., S.—AS. téar, also teagor, OHG. zahar (Tatian); cp. Gr. δάκρυ; see Douse, p. 94.

Teren, v. to tear, S.—AS. teran, cp. Goth. (ga)tairan.

Teren, v. to tar, S. See Terre.

Tergate, sb. a small shield, S3; see Target.

Terien, v. to vex, irritate, to make weary, to delay, hinder, irritare, fatigare; teryyn, Prompt.; terwin, Prompt.; terre, W, W2; tarien, C2; y-taryed, pp., S2.—AS. tergan, to vex.

Terien, v. to tarry, to delay; teryyn, Prompt.; taryen, CM; tarien, W2, S3.—The same word as above; for change of sense cp. AS. dreccan, to vex, with the equivalent ME. drecchen, to tarry (q.v.).

Terme, sb. term, period, S, C2; termes, pl., expressions, examples, PP, C2; limits, ends, W, W2.—AF. terme; Lat. terminum.

Terminen, v. to determine, limit, W; itermynet, pp., S2; y-termyned, PP.—AF. terminer, to determine.

Terne, sb. a tarn, small lake, S2; tarne, Manip.—Icel. tjörn (tjarn-).

Terre, sb. tar, Prompt.; tarre, PP; teer, HD; ter, B.—AS. teoru (Voc.).

Terre, v. to provoke, W, W2; see Terien.

Terryng, sb. a provoking, W2.

Teruagant, sb. one of the seven gods of Hengest, S; Termagant, a supposed god of the Saracens, ND; one of the characters in the old moralities, ND, Sh., TG; Trivigant, ND.—OF. Tervagant, also Tervagan, one of the three gods of the Saracens (Roland); cp. It. Trivigante (Ariosto).

Teste, sb. a pot in which metals are tried, HD, SkD, C3; teest, HD. Phr.: to bring to the test, lit. to bring to the refiner’s vessel, Sh.—OF. teste, a refiner’s vessel; Lat. testa, a vessel used in alchemy, orig. a piece of baked earthenware, also shell of fish, skull, head. Cp. OF. test (F. têt), a test in chemistry, orig. a potsherd, see Bartsch.

Testere, sb. a head-piece, helmet, tester for a bed, SkD, HD; teester, Prompt.; tester, C; testar, Palsg.—OF. testiere, head-piece (Cotg.).

Testif, adj. headstrong, testy, CM; testie, S3.—OF. testif (Palsg.).

Te-tealte, adj. quite unstable, in jeopardy, S2. (To- 2.)

Teð, pr. s.; teð up, mounts, S; see Ten.

Tewelle, sb. the pipe of a chimney, HD; tuel, a pipe, HD.—OF. tuel, tuyel (F. tuyau): Sp. tudel; of Teutonic origin; see Kluge (s.v. düte), and Weigand (s.v. zotte).

Texte, sb. text, scripture, SkD; text, Cath., C2; tixte, PP, S2; tixt, PP; tyxte, PP; tyxt, PP.—OF. texte; Lat. textum.

Textuel, adj. literal, C3.

Teye, sb. a coffer, Prompt.—OF. teie (toie); Lat. thēca; cp. F. taie.

Teyne, sb. a thin plate of metal, C3.

Teyrre, of them, S; see Þei.

Teyse, v. to poise for shooting, HD; tasit, pt. s., B; taisand, pr. p., HD.—OF. toiser, to measure (Cotg.). See Teise.

Teyte, adj. pl. cheerful, HD; see Tayt.

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