B

B

Ba, adj. and conj. both, S.—AS. bá, both.

Baar, pt. s. bare, carried, C, W; see Beren.

Babelen, v. to babble, P.

Babelyng, sb. babbling, S3.

Baber-lipped, adj. having thick lips, P, Prompt.

Babishe, adj. babyish, S3.

Bacheler, sb. a bachelor, an unmarried man, C, C2; a novice in the church, or arms, young knight, P.—OF. bacheler.

Bachelerie, sb. state of bachelor, CM, MD; bachelrye, company of young men, C2.—OF. bachelerie.

Bacin, sb. basin, cymbal, a light helmet, MD; bacyn, helmet, MD.—OF. bacin.

Bacinet, sb. helmet, MD; bacenett, Prompt.; basnetes, pl., S3.—OF. bacinet.

Bacoun, sb. bacon, C, PP; bacon, PP.—OF. bacon.

Bad, pt. s. prayed, S; see Bidden.

Bad, pt. s. bade, C2; see Beoden.

Badde, adj. bad, PP; badder, comp. worse, C2.

Baddeliche, adv. badly, PP, HD.

Bade, pt. s. remained, S3; see Biden.

Bagage, sb. dregs, refuse, S3; baggage, ND.

Baid, pt. pl. remained, S3; see Biden.

Baie, in phr.: to baie, at bay, S2; see Bay.

Baili, sb. stewardship, villicatio, W; baillye, power of a bailiff, G.—OF. bailie, power.

Baili, sb. steward, villicus, W; baillif, bailiff, C; bailliues, pl., bailiffs, P; bayllyues, P.—OF. baillif.

Baill, sb. sorrow, S3; see Bale.

Bair, adj. bare, S3; see Bare.

Bairnis, sb. pl. bairns, S3; see Barn.

Baiten, v. to feed, C2, S3; bayte, S2, C3.—Icel. beita.

Bak, sb. back, PP, C; cloth for the back, cloak, coarse mantle, C3; bac, S.—AS. bæc.

Bak-biten, v. to backbite, slander, P.

Bak-bitere, sb. backbiter, S.

Bak-bitynge, sb. backbiting, P.

Baken, v. to bake, MD; boke, pt. s., MD; book, MD; baken, pp., P; bakenn, S; bake, C, C2, P; y-baken, P; y-bake, P.—AS. bacan.

Bakere, sb. baker, MD; bakers, pl., PP.

Bakestere, sb. baker, P; baxter, NED, P.—AS. bæcestre, woman-baker (also used of men).

Bald; see Bold.

Balde, pt. s. encouraged, S; see Bolden.

Bale, sb. sorrow, misfortune, death, S, C3; destruction, S2; baill, S3; bales, pl., evils, torments, H; balys, S3.—AS. bealu.

Bale-drinch, sb. a deadly drink, S.

Bale-ful, adj. baleful, evil, MD.—AS. bealoful.

Bale-fully, adv. miserably; balfully, S2, MD.

Balene, sb. whale, S2, Voc.—Lat. balaena.

Bali, adj. grievous, S, NED.—AS. bealu, baleful: Goth. balws (in compounds).

Balies, sb. pl. bellies, S2, PP; see Bely.

Balke, sb. balk, beam, ridge, MD; balks, pl. ridges, divisions of land, S3; balkes, P.—AS. balca.

Balled, adj. bald, C, PP; ballede, S2, PP.

Baly; see Bely.

Ban, sb. bone, S, S2; banes, pl., S2; see Bon.

Band, pt. s. bound, S; see Binden.

Bane, sb. destruction, death, bane, poison, PP, C; bone, PP.—AS. bana, bona.

Banere, sb. banner, S, PP, Prompt.; baner, S2, C, PP.—OF. baniere.

Banere, sb. banner-bearer, NED.—OF. banere; Low Lat. bannator; from bannum, bandum, standard.

Baneur, sb. banner-bearer, S2; see Banyour.

Bank, sb. a bank, tumulus, PP; bonk, S2; bonkis, pl., S3; bonkez, S2.

Bannen, v. to ban, curse, summon, S2, S3, P; to forbid, prohibit severely, P; bonnen, MD; i-banned, pp., S.

Bannyng, sb. cursing, H.

Ban-wort, sb. bone-wort, S3, MD; see Bon.

Banyour, sb. banner-bearer, MD, S2; banyowre, Prompt.; banyer, MD; baneur, S2, NED; baneoure, PP.—AF. baneour, OF. baneor; Low Lat. *bannatorem.

Baptym, sb. baptism, S2, W; baptimys, pl. W.—OF. baptisme.

Bar, pt. s. bare, S, S2, C2; see Beren.

Barayn, adj. barren, S3; see Bareyne.

Barbarik, sb. barbarian, W.

Barbarus, sb. barbarian, W.

Barberyns, sb. pl. heathen men, W.

Barbour, sb. barber, C, NED; barboure, Prompt.—AF. barbour, OF. barbeor; Late Lat. barbatorem.

Barbre, adj. barbarous, S2, C3.

Bare, sb. bier, S; see Beere.

Bare, sb. a wave, billow, NED, S2 (8b. 38); beres, pl., NED; bieres, MD; beares, MD.—Icel. bára.

Bare, sb. boar, S2; see Boor.

Bare, adj. bare, simple, single, sheer, S, C; bair, bare, worn alone, S3. Comb.: baruot, barefoot, S.

Bare, sb. the open country, S; naked skin, W.

Barel, sb. barrel, C2.—OF. baril.

Baren, v. to make bare, uncover, S, MD; y-bared, pp., S3.—AS. barian.

Baret, sb. deceit, strife, NED; barrat, confusion, S3.—OF. barat, fraud; cp. Icel. barátta, a contest.

Bareyne, adj. barren, C, C2, PP; bareyn, W2; barayn, S3.—OF. baraigne.

Bareȝ, sb. a barrow-pig, S; see Barowe.

Bargane, sb. business, strife, combat, S2; bargayn, bargain, PP; bargeynes, pl., PP.—OF. bargaine.

Barly, sb. barley, MD, PP; barlic, S.

Barm, sb. bosom, S3, C2; berm, S.—AS. bearm.

Barmkyn, sb. rampart, S3; barnekin, the outermost wall of a castle, HD; barnekynch, MD.

Barmkyn-wall, sb. rampart-wall, S3.

Barn, sb. bairn, child, S, S2, H, PP; bern, S; barne, S3, P; bearnes, pl., S; bairnis, S3.—AS. bearn.

Barnage, sb. childhood, S2, MD.

Barnen, v. to burn, S, S2; see Bernen, Brennen.

Barnhede, sb. childhood, H, PP.

Barn-site, sb. sorrow felt for a child, S2, NED.—Icel. barn-sút.

Barn-team, sb. offspring, a family of children, MD; barntem, S2.—AS. bearn-téam.

Baronage, sb. the men, vassals of a feudal chief, S; assembly of barons, S2, C3; barnage, MD.—OF. barnage, Low Lat. baronagium.

Baroun, sb. baron, lord, PP; baronys, pl. PP.—OF. baron, acc. of bers, a man, a male.

Barowe, sb. barrow-pig, MD; bareȝ, S, NED.—AS. bearh.

Barrat, sb. confusion, S3; see Baret.

Barre, sb. bar of a door, C; bar of justice, G, PP; barres, pl., ornament of a girdle, C, PP.—OF. barre.

Barste, pt. s., burst, S2, PP; see Bresten.

Baselarde, sb. dagger, MD, PP, Prompt.; Baslard, PP.—AF. baselarde. OF. basalart (cp. Low Lat. bassilardus). Probably from Late Lat. badile, a billhook; see NED.

Basnetes, sb. pl., helmets, S3; see Bacinet.

Bataille, sb. battle, S, PP; bataile, PP; batayle, S2, C, PP; batayls, pl. battalions, S3.—OF. bataille.

Bataillen, v. to embattle, fortify, MD; batailed, pt. s., PP; bataylld, pp. embattled, C.—OF. bataillier.

Baten, v. to bate, abate, grow less, S2, MD; see Abaten.

Bateren, v. to batter, beat, pat, PP.—OF. bat-, stem of batre, with freq. suffix -er.

Baþe, adj. and conj. both, S, S2; see Bothe.

Baþiere, sb. water-pot, S.

Batte, sb. club, staff, bat, Prompt., Voc.; battis, pl., W.—OF. batte.

Battill, adj. rich for pasture, S3, JD; battle, HD.

Baudekyn, sb. a gold-embroidered stuff named from Bagdad, MD; bawdekyn, Prompt.; baudkin, S3.—OF. baudequin; Low Lat. baldakinus, from It. Baldacco, Bagdad.

Bauderye, sb. unchastity, foul conversation, MD; pandering, CM; bawdry, S3.

Bauderyk, sb. baldric, MD; bawderyke, Prompt.; bawdryk, C, Voc.

Baudry, sb. baldric, NED.—OF. baudrei, baldrei.

Baudy, adj. dirty, C3, P, Palsg.

Bauld; see Bold.

Baundoun, sb. discretion, freewill, power, S2; baundon, CM.—OF. bandon; Low Lat. *bandonem, from bandum for bannum, public proclamation.

Bausand, adj. marked with white, NED.—OF. bausant; cp. Prov. bausan, It. balzano.

Bauson, sb. badger, MD; bawsone, Prompt.; bawsyn, Voc.; bausenez, pl. S2; baucynes, MD. See above.

Bawd, pt. s. bade, commanded, S3; see Beoden.

Bawe-lyne, sb. bowline, HD, S2; see Bowe-lyne.

Baxtere, sb. female baker, PP; see Bakestere.

Bay, sb. noise made by the united songs of birds, S3; barking of dogs, MD, HD. Phr.: to baie, at bay, S2.—Cp. OF. abaier, to bark.

Bayard, sb. a bay horse, a horse, P, CM; baiardes, pl., P. Phr.: blynde bayardes, i.e. foolish people, lit. blind horses, HD, S3, MD, ND.—Cp. Low Lat. baiardus.

Bayn, adj. ready, willing, obedient, fair, pleasant, easy, good, NED; bayne, Manip.; beyn, Prompt., S3.—Icel. beinn.

Bayne, sb. bath, S3.—OF. bain.

Bayske, adj. bitter, H, MD; bask, MD, HD, JD; beȝȝsc, MD.—Icel. beiskr.

Be-, prefix. See in many cases Bi- words.

Beade; see Bidden.

Bearnen; see Bernen.

Bearyng in hand, sb. cajolery, S3; see Beren.

Be-bedden, v. to supply with a bed, S.

Beche, sb. valley, S; bæch, MD; bache, NED.

Be-chece, v. to choke, stifle, S, NED.

Bedde, sb. bed, PP.—AS. bedd.

Bedde-strawe, sb. bed, couch, stratum, Voc.; bedstre, W2.

Bede, sb. prayer, S, H, PP; beode, S; beyde, S3; bedes, pl. S2, S3, P; beads, C; beades, S3.—AS. (ge)bed.

Bedel, sb. messenger, herald, crier, beadle, H, P; bedeles, pl. S, H; bedelles, P.—OF. bedel; cp. AS. bydel. Cf. Budele.

Bede-man, sb. beadsman, one who prays for another, P; beodemon, S2, NED; beodeman, PP.

Beden, v. to command, to offer, S, S2, S3, C2; beode, S2; bedden, S; bidden, S; beot, pr. s. S; byt, C; bet, S; bead, pt. s., bed, S, S2; bawd, S3; bad, C2, S2; boden, pl. S; beden, S3; bode, S2; bede, pp. S2; bode, bodun, invited, W; bodyn, S2; bidde, C3.—AS. béodan.

Note that many of the above forms are confused with those of the verb Bidden.

Bede-sang, sb. the singing of the prayers, S, NED.

Bedred, adj. lying in bed, bedridden, CM, PP; bedreden, S2, P; bedrede, PP.—AS. bedreda and bedrida (Voc.).

Be-drenchen, v. to drench completely; be-dreynt, pt. pl., S3; pp. MD.

Bed-roll, sb. catalogue, ND. See Beyde-roule.

Bee, sb. bee, Voc.; been, pl. S3, C2, W2; beys, S3 (13. 244); bees, C2.—AS. béo.

Bee-; see Be-.

Beek, sb. beak, C2; bec, S; beekis, pl. PP.—OF. bec.

Beem, sb. beam, C, PP; beom, S; bem, MD.—AS. béam, tree, plank.

Beere, sb. bier, W, CM, MD; beer, C; bare, S, MD; beare, S3; bere, HD, MD; byears, pl. S3.—AS. bǽr; cp. OF. biere.

Beest, sb. beast, C, PP; best, PP, C, S, S2; bestes, pl. S, S2; beestes, S2.—OF. beste; Lat. bestia.

Beestli, adj. animal, W.

Beeten, v. to beat, W2, CM; beten, S, C; bet, pr. s. P; bet, imp. s. S2; beot, pt. s. P; beet, PP; bet, S3, PP; bette, P; beten, pl. S; beeten, W2; beten, pp. C2, G; bete, C2; betun, W2; y-beten, C2; y-bete, C; y-bette, P; i-beaten, S; ibete, C.—AS. béatan, pt. béot, pp. béaten.

Bege, sb. collar, S; see Beiȝ.

Beggen, v. to beg, PP, C2, Prompt., W (John 9. 8).

Beggere, sb. beggar, C, PP, W (John 9. 8).

Beggestere, sb. beggar, C, NED.

Be-grime, v. to smear, daub all over, S3.

Beild; see Belde.

Beiȝ, sb. a ring, collar, P; byȝe, PP; bege, collar, S; bie, W2; beies, pl. circlets of metal, S; biȝes, P; behes, PP.—AS. béah: Icel. baugr.

Bek, sb. brook, H, Voc., Prompt., MD; beckis, pl. H.—Icel. bekkr.

Bekken, v. to nod, C3; beken, Prompt.; beks, pr. s. S3.

Beknen, v. to beckon, show, S; bikenen, W2.—OMerc. bécnian (VP).

Bel, adj. beautiful, PP.—OF. bel.

Belamp; see Bilimpen.

Belde, sb. protection, shelter, MD, HD; beld, S2; beild, S3, JD.—AS. byldo, boldness, from beald. See Bold.

Belde, adj. big, blustering, S; see Bold.

Belden, v. to build, S3; see Bilden.

Beldinge, sb. building, S3.

Belle, sb. bell, S, C2, PP.—AS. belle.

Bellyche, adv. beautifully, S3, MD. See Bel.

Belphegor, sb. Baal Peor, H (p. 376).—Lat. Belphegor (Vulg.).

Belt, pp. built, S3; see Bilden.

Bely, sb. belly, bellows, MD, P; baly, S3; below, follis, Voc.; balies, pl. S2, PP.—AS. bælg.

Bely-ioye, sb. belly-joy, appetite, PP.

Belȝen, v. to swell, to be angry, MD; bollȝhenn, pp. MD; i-bolȝe, S.—AS. belgan, pt. bealh, (pl. bulgon), pp. bolgen.

Bemare, sb. trumpeter, S.—AS. bémere.

Beme, sb. trumpet, MD, Voc.; bemen, pl. S; beemes, C; beamous, S3.—OMerc. béme (VP).

Bemen, v. to sound a trumpet, S, NED.

Bemyng, sb. humming of bees, S3, JD.

Ben, v. to be, PP, S, S2; been, C; bien, bienn, S; buen, S2; beo, S, S2; bi, S, S2; bue, by, S2; beonne, bienne, ger. S; beoþ, pr. s. S; beþ, buð, byð, bið, S; beis, S3; bes, S2; beoþ, pl. S; bieþ, S; buð, S, S2; beth, S2, S3, C2; ben, W; bes, S2; bi, pr. s. subj. S; bie, S (s.v. Ibie); beo, pl. S; beth, imp. pl. C2, S2, S3; byeþ, S2; ben, pp. S; been, C; bue, S2; be, S3, C; y-be, S2; iben, S; ibeon, S; ibeo, S, S2; ibe, S, S2; ibi, S.—AS. béon.

Benam; see Binimen.

Benche, sb. bench, Prompt., PP.—AS. benc.

Benched, pp. furnished with benches, SD; y-benched, S3.

Bend, sb. bond, MD; bendes, pl. S, G; bende, dat. S, S2, G.—AS. bend: Goth. bandi.

Benden, v. to bend, Prompt., MD; bende, pt. s. MD; bent, MD; bend, pl. S2; y-bent, pp. S3; ye-bent, S3.—AS. bendan, to fasten a band or string to a bow.

Bene, sb. a prayer, S, S2, NED; benes, pl. S2.—AS. bén: OTeut. bóni-z, see Sievers, 268.

Bene, adj. pleasant, S, NED.

Benefet, sb. benefit, PP, MD; bynfet, PP; benfait, P; bienfetes, pl. P.—OF. bienfet; Lat. benefactum.

Bent, sb. coarse grass, small rushes, Manip., Voc., MD, HD.—Cp. OHG. binuz (G. binse).

Bent, sb. a moor, an open grassy place, NED, S, S3, C. See above.

Benumde; see Binimen.

Beo, Beoþ; see Ben.

Beo-, prefix; see Bi- words.

Beode, v. to pray, S; see Bidden.

Beodele; see Budele.

Berd, sb. beard, S, S2, C; berde, P, G; berdes, pl. S3.—AS. beard.

Bere, sb. beer, Prompt.; ber, S, MD.—AS. béor.

Bere, sb. noise, S, S2, MD, HD; ber, S2.—AS. (ge)bǽre; see I-bere.

Bere, sb. bear, C, MD, PP; beres, pl. C2; beores, PP.—AS. bera: OHG. bero.

Bere, sb. bier, HD, MD. See Beere.

Bere, sb. barley, MD; beir, S3; beris, gen., S3.—AS. bere.

Bere-lepe, sb. basket, H; berlepe, H; barlep, basket for keeping barley in, HD. See Lepe.

Beren, v. to bear; bere, S, W; berþ, pr. s., S2; beoreð, pl., S; bar, pt. s., S, S2, C2; bare, S2; ber, S2, C3; baar, W; bure, S3; beore, pl., S; boren, pp. born, S2; borun, W2; iboren, S; iborn, S; ibore, S, S2; y-boren, C2; y-born, C2; y-bore, S2, C2, Phr. bereth on hand, persuades, makes (him) believe, assures, S3; berth hir on hond, beareth false witness against her, C3.—AS. beran.

Beren, v. to cry, make a noise, MD, HD; bere, to low as a cow, PP; see Bere.

Bergh, sb. hill, PP; berghe, PP; beruh, PP; berwe, PP; berghe, dat., P.—AS. beorg; cp. OIr. bri (Windisch).

Beriall, adj. blueish-green, beryl-coloured, S3. See Beril.

Berie, sb. berry, C; bery, Prompt.; beries, pl. grapes, S, PP.—AS. berige.

Berien, v. to pierce, strike, MD; bery, to thresh, Cath.—Icel. berja, to strike; cp. Lat. ferire.

Beril, sb. beryl, MD; berel, MD.—OF. beril; Lat. beryllus; Gr. βήρυλλος.

Beringe, sb. birth, behaviour, bearing, C2, S; berynge, PP; see Beren.

Berken, v. to bark, S2, PP; berkyd, pt. s., S2.—AS. beorcan.

Berkere, sb. watch-dog, PP.

Berkyng, sb. barking, C.

Berme, sb. harm, Prompt., S; berm, C3.—AS. beorma.

Bern, sb. a man, PP, HD; berne, PP; burn, S2; burne, S2; beorn, MD; burnes, pl., S2; biernes, P.—AS. beorn.

Bern, sb. barn, C2, MD; beren, S (12. 263), MD; berne, S; dat., C3, W; bernes, pl., W, W2, P.—AS. bern: ONorth. ber-ern, i.e. barley-house.

Bern; see Barn.

Bernacle, sb. a snaffle for a horse, W2; barnacle, Voc., NED.

Bernake, sb. an instrument set on the nose of unruly horses, Voc.; bernak, Prompt.—OF. bernac.

Bernake, sb. barnacle, a fabulous kind of goose, S2, MD, NED.—OF. bernaque; cp. Low Lat. bernaca.

Bernen, v. to burn, MD, S, S2; barnen, MD, S; bearnen, S; beornen, S; birnen, S; barnde, pt. s., S2; barnd, pp., S2.—AS. beornan. Cf. Brennen.

Bersten, v. to burst, S, C; see Bresten.

Berstles, sb. pl. bristles, C; see Brystylle.

Berwe; see Bergh.

Berynes; see Burinisse.

Berȝen, v. to help, deliver, preserve, NED; berwen, S; berrȝhenn, S; beregeð, pr. s., S; iborhen, pp., S; iboreȝe, S; iboruwen, S.—AS. beorgan.

Besaunt, sb. a gold coin named from Byzantium, W, MD; besauntes, pl., S3; besauntis, W.—OF. besant.

Besene, Besie; see Bisen.

Be-slombred, pp. dirtied, bedaubed, S3; beslombered, NED.

Besme, sb. besom, rod, Prompt.; besmes, pl., S; besyms, W; besmen, dat., S.—AS. besma.

Best, adj. and adv. superl. best, PP; beast, S; bezste, S.

Beste, sb. advantage, S.

Be-steriinge, sb. bestirring, emotion, S2.

Be-swapen, pp. convicted, S.—AS. be-swápen, pp. of be-swápan, to persuade.

Bet, adv. comp. better, S, C, C2, S2, G; bette, P. Phr., go bet, go as fast as you can, C3; betere, adj. and adv. S, S2; betre, S, S2; bettre, S.

Betaken, v. to betoken, S2; see Bi-toknen.

Beten, v. to amend, S, S2, P, S3; beete, to kindle, C; beyt, S3; bet, pr. s., S; betten, pt. pl., kindled, C3; bet, pp., S, S2; ibet, S.—AS. bétan, pt. bétte, pp. béted. See Bote.

Beten, v. to beat, S, C, PP; see Beeten.

Be-thenchinge, sb. thinking upon, meditation, S2. See Bi-þenken.

Beuer, sb. beaver, S, Voc.; beuveyr, S.—AS. befer (beofer); cp. OHG. bibar.

Beyde-roule, sb. bead-roll, prayer-roll, catalogue of persons for whom prayers are to be said, S3; beadroll, bedroll, ND. See Bede.

Beye, v. to buy, CM, C3; see Biggen.

Beye, adj. both, S2; beien, S; beyne, S.—AS. begen.

Beyer, adj. gen. of both, PP; beire, PP, MD; beyre, MD.—AS. begra.

Beyn, adj. pliant, flexible, pleasant, S3, Prompt.; see Bayn.

Bi-, prefix, also be-, by-, beo-, b-.

Bi-bled, pp. covered with blood, C; bybled, MD; bebledd, S2, S3.

Bi-burien, v. to bury, MD; be-byrieden, pt. pl. S; bebyried, pp., S; bebered, S2.—AS. bi-byrgan.

Bi-cacchen, v. to catch, ensnare, MD; bi-cauhte, pt. s., MD; bi-keihte, S; bi-cought, pp., MD.

Bi-callen, v. to accuse, summon, MD, S; becallen, MD, HD.

Bi-cause, conj. because, MD; by-cause, C.

Bicche, sb. bitch, PP; bycche, PP.

Bicched, pp. a word of doubtful meaning, applied to the basilisk, and to bones used for dice, NED, CM, C3; byched, MD; bichede, NED.

Bi-chermen, v. to scream at, S.

Bi-cherren, v. to entice, mislead, betray, S; bicharre, S; bicherd, pp., S.—AS. be-cerran.

Bi-clappen, v. to lay hold of suddenly, C3; beclappe, Palsg.

Bi-clarten, v. to defile, make dirty, S, NED.

Bi-clepien, v. to accuse, S; bicleopien, S; bicleoped, pp., S.—AS. be-cleopian.

Bi-clippen, v. to embrace, W, W2; bi-clipped, pt. s. wrapped (him) round, S3; by-clypped, pp. surrounded, S2; bi-clippid, W.—AS. bi-clippan.

Bi-clusen, v. to enclose, S.—AS. be-clýsan.

Bi-colmen, v. to blacken with soot, S, NED (p. 722a), MD. See Culme.

Bi-comen, v. to come, go to, to befall, to become, befit, suit, PP, S2, S; bycome, PP, S2; bicom, pt. s., S; bycam, PP; bicome, pp., S2; bycome, S2; becomen, S3; bicumen, S.—AS. be-cuman.

Bi-cumelich, adj. comely, becoming, MD; bicumeliche, adv. becomingly, S.

Bi-daffed, pp. befooled, C2; bedaffed, NED.

Bidden, v. to beg, pray, ask, S, S2, PP; bydde, S2; beode, S; bit, pr. s., S, P; byd, S2; bad, pt. s., S, S2, PP; bede, subj., PP; beade, S; beden, pp. S; ibeden, S.—AS. biddan.

Note that some of the above forms are due to a confusion with those of the verb Beden.

Biddere, sb. asker, PP; bidders, pl. beggars, S2, P.

Biddinge, sb. prayer, S; biddynge, begging, P.

Biden, v. to bide, remain, PP; byden, S2, PP; bod, bode, pt. s., S2; bade, S3; baid, pl. abode, lived, S3.—AS. bídan.

Bidene, adv. together, S; at once, S2; bedene, NED; bydene, S2.

Bi-draueled, pp. slobbered, covered with grease, P.

Bie, sb. collar, W2; see Beiȝ.

Bienfet; see Benefet.

Biennales, sb. pl. biennials, biennial commemorations of the dead, P.

Bierne, sb. man, PP, HD; see Bern.

Bi-fallen, v. to befall, C; biualle, S; biful, pt. s. befell, S; byfyl, S2; befyl, S2; byfel, byfil, C; bifil, bifel, C2; bifelde, W2; bifalle, pp. befallen, S, S2, C; bifelde, W2; biualle, S.—AS. be-feallan.

Bi-flen, v. to fly from, S.—AS. be-fléon.

Bi-fleten, v. to flow round; biflette, pt. s., S, NED (p. 721 a).

Bi-foren, prep. before, S, C2; biuoren, S; byuoren, S; beforen, S; biforn, S2, C2, C3; bifore, S; bifor, S; befor, S2; beforne, S3.—AS. biforan.

Big, adj. big, C2; byg, PP; bigg, wealthy, S2, MD; bygge, pl., PP.

Bigat; see Biȝeten.

Biggen, v. to till, dwell, build, MD, PP, S (5. 1611); byggen, PP; biggand, pr. p., H.—Icel. byggja; cp. AS. búgian.

Biggen, v. to buy, S3, P; buggen, S, S2, PP; bygge, PP; beggen, MD; beye, C3; bij, S2; bye, S2; by, C3; bie, W2; buyeþ, pr. s., PP; buþ, S; bies, redeems, S2; bohte, pt. s., S; bouhte, S; boȝte, S2; bohton, pl., S; boȝte, S; bogt, pp., S; y-bouȝt, P.—AS. bycgan.

Biggere, sb. buyer, W; biere, W2.

Bi-gilen, v. to beguile, S, P; bigyle, C2, C3.

Bi-ginnen, v. to begin, S, S2; bigan, pt. s., S, C2; bigon, S; bigonne, 2 pt. s., C3; bigunnen, pt. pl., S; begouth, pt. s., S2, S3; bigunnen, pp., S; begunnon, S.—AS. be-ginnan.

Bi-gon, pp. surrounded, provided, set round, MD; be-gon, filled, S2.—AS. begán, pp. of begán, to go round, surround.

Bi-greden, v. to cry out at, to lament, S; begredde, pt. pl., MD.

Bi-gripen, v. to seize, MD; be-gripe, pp., S.—AS. be-grípan, to chide.

Bi-growe, pp. overgrown, S; begrowe, MD.

Bi-grucchen, v. to begrudge, murmur at, P; bygrucche, PP.

Bi-gurdel, sb. a purse, PP.—AS. bí-gyrdel (Matt. 10.9).

Bi-gynandly, adv. at the beginning, H. See Biginnan.

Bi-hangen, v. to deck, clothe, MD; bi-hengen, pt. pl. hung about, S.—AS. be-hón.

Bi-healde, v. to behold; bihalden, S2; see Bi-holden.

Bi-heden, v. to behead, MD; bi-hedide, pt. s., W; biheedid, pp., W.—AS. be-héafdian.

Bi-heste, sb. promise, S, S2, C2, P; byheste, S2; beheste, S2; byhest, S2; bihese, S; biheest, W; bihese, pl., S.—AS. be-hǽs.

Bi-heten, v. to promise, S, C3, W; bihote, S, S2, P; byhote, C; beohote, S2; bihat, pr. s., S; bihet, pt. s., S, S2; bihiȝte, W; behighte, S2; behihte, S2; bihight, P; biheyhte, S; bihoten, pp., S; byhote, S2; behote, S; named, S3.—AS. be-hátan. See NED (s.v. behight).

Bi-heue, adj. profitable, S, MD.—AS. be-héfe, necessary; from *bihóf, utility (in behóflic). See Bihouely.

Bi-hinde, prep. behind, S; adv. S2; bihynde, backwards, W2; = to come, future, C3.

Bi-holden, v. to hold, to behold, PP, C, MD; bi-healde, S; bihalden, S2; bihalt, pr. s., S; biheold, pt. s., S; beoheold, S2; bihuld, S2; biheolt, S; biholde, pp., W2, C3; beholdinge wrongly used for beholden, indebted, S3.—AS. be-healdan.

Bihote; see Biheten.

Bi-houe, sb. dat. advantage, MD; biofþe, S2. Cf. Biheue.

Bi-houely, adj. behoveful, necessary, CM, MD; behouelich, S2.—AS. be-hóflic.

Bi-houeþ, pr. s. behoveth, needs, S, C2, P; behoueþ, S2; byhoueþ, S2; bihoues, S; byhoues, pr. pl., are obliged to, S2; behoued, pt. s., S; bihofte, W.—AS. be-hófian.

Bi-huden, v. to hide, MD; by-hud, imp. s., S.—AS. be-hýdan.

Bi-iapen, v. to deceive, befool, MD; byiaped, pp., C, C3, PP.

Bijs; see Bisse.

Bikeihte; see Bicacchen.

Bikenen, v. to beckon, W2; see Beknen.

Bi-kennedd, pp. begotten, MD.

Bi-kennen, v. to commit, commend, to signify, MD; bikenned, pt. s. recommended, S2; bekenned, S2.

Biker, sb. a fight, MD, HD.

Bikeren, v. to fight, PP, HD; bekeryn, Prompt.; byckarte, pt. pl. skirmished, S3.

Bi-knowen, v. to acknowledge, know, P, C3; byknowe, C; beknowe, S2; biknew, pt. s., C; biknewe, pl., S; biknowen, pp., favourably received, P.

Bilæde, pt. s. enclosed, S; see Bi-leggen.

Bilæuen, v. to remain, S; see Bi-leuen.

Bild, sb. building, S3.

Bilden, v. to build, PP, W, CM, MD; bulden, MD; belden, MD, S3; bulde, pt. s., C, MD; bildide, W; bildiden, pt. pl., W; bilden, W2; belt, pp., S3; y-buld, S2, S3; y-beld, S3.—Probably from AS. bold, dwelling.

Bile; see Bule.

Bi-leden, v. to use, treat, MD; biledet (for biledeþ), pr. pl., S.—AS. be-lǽdan.

Bi-lefful, adj. believing, S, MD.

Bi-leggen, v. to lay (something) on, cover, to prove, explain, MD; bileist, 2 pr. s., glozest, S, MD; bilæde, pt. s., enclosed, S.—AS. bi-lecgan, to cover.

Bi-leue, sb. belief, S, S2, PP, C3; beleaue, S; byleue, PP; belaue, S; bileaue, S; biliaue, S; beoleeue, S2, PP; bilefues, pl., S.—Cp. AS. (ge)léafa.

Bileue; see Biliue.

Bi-leuen, v. to believe, PP, MD, S; beleue, S; bilefeð, pr. pl., S; biliueð, S; bilefden, pt. pl., S.

Bi-leuen, v. to leave, forsake, renounce, HD, MD; bilef, imp. s., S, MD.—Cp. AS. lǽfan, to leave.

Bi-leuen, v. to remain, be left, MD, CM, C2, S2, HD; byleue, HD; bilæuen, S; bileaue, S; bilefue, S; bleuen, S2; blefþ, pr. s., S2; bileued, pp. left remaining, G; byleued, G.—AS. be-lǽfan.

Bilfoder, sb. food, sustenance, S2, MD; bilfodur, NED.

Bi-liggen, v. to belong to, MD; bi-lien, pr. pl., S.—AS. bi-licgan, to lie round.

Bi-likien, v. to make pleasing, MD; bi-liked, pp. made pleasing, S.

Bi-limpen, v. to happen, to belong to, S; belimpen, S; belamp, pt. s., S.—AS. be-limpan.

Bi-linnen, v. to cease, to be silent, to make to cease, MD; by-linne, G; blinnen, S, S2, C3; blyne, S3; blynne, S2; blin, S2; blan, pt. s., MD; blane, S3.—AS. blinnan (= be + linnan, to cease, to be deprived of), pt. blann (pl. blunnon), p. blunnen.

Bi-liue, adv. quickly, S, S2; bylyue, S2; belyue, S2, S3; bliue, S, S2; blyue, S3.—AS. be lífe, with life.

Bi-liue, sb. food, sustenance, S (4b.102), MD; bylyue, PP; bileoue, MD; bileue, S, SD.—AS. bigleofa; cp. OHG. bilibi.

Bi-liuen, v. to live by, S.—AS. bi-libban.

Bille, sb. papal bull, petition, PP; see Bulle.

Bille, sb. bill, beak, S, C; bylle, Voc.—AS. bile.

Billen, v. to peck with the bill, S.

Billet, sb. a piece of firewood; byllets, pl., S3 (26. 785).

Bi-loken, v. to look upon, regard, MD; be-locest, 2 pr. s., S.

Bi-long on, prep. pertaining to, S.

Bi-luken, v. to enclose, lock up, imprison, include, MD; biloken, pp., S; beloken, S; bilouked, S2, MD.—AS. be-lúcan.

Bi-lyen, v. to lie against, accuse falsely, MD; belye, P; bilowen, pp., S2, P, MD.—AS. be-léogan, pp. belogen.

Bi-masen, v. to confuse, SkD (s.v. maze).

Bi-menen, v. to mean, to bemoan, MD, HD; bymenen, P; bemenen, S2, P; biment, pp., S.—AS. bi-mǽnan.

Bi-mening, sb. bemoaning, S.

Bi-mong, prep. among, S, MD.

Bi-mornen, v. to mourn over, MD, W; bimurnen, S.—AS. bi-murnan.

Bi-mowe, v. to mock, W2.

Binam, Binom; pt. s. of Bi-nimen.

Binden, v. to bind, S; band, pt. s., S; bond, S2, G, C2; bunden, pl., S; bunden, pp., S; bundyn, S2; bunde, ibunde, S; bounden, S, C2; y-bounde, S2, S3, C2; y-bound, S3; ibunde, S.—AS. bindan.

Bi-nemnen, v. to declare, stipulate; by-nempt, pt. s. promised, S3.—AS. be-nemnan.

Bi-neðe, prep. and adv. beneath, S2; byneþe, C; bineþen, S.—AS. be-neoðan.

Bi-nimen, v. to take from, MD; bynymen, S; benymen, S2; bineome, pr. s. subj. deprive, S; binam, pt. s., P; binom, S2; benam, S; bynome, pp., P; benumde, S3.—AS. be-niman.

Binne, sb. bin, chest, MD; bynne, C, Voc.—AS. binn, manger.

Binne, adv. and prep. within, S; bynne, S2; bine, S.—AS. binnan (for be-innan).

Bi-queste, sb. bequest, P, MD.—A deriv. of cweðan, see NED.

Bi-quethen, v. to bequeath, MD, CM, PP; byquethen, C, G; bi-queth, pt. s., S2; biquath, PP, G.—AS. bi-cwéðan.

Bi-quide, sb. bequest, 82; bequide, MD.—Cp. AS. cwide, a will.

Birafte; see Bireuen.

Bird, pt. s. impers. (it) behoved, S2; birrde, S; see Bureth.

Bird, sb. a young bird, MD; see Brid.

Birded, pt. pl. laid snares for birds, S3.

Bire, sb. dat. force, impetus, W; see Bur.

Bi-reden, v. reflex. to take counsel, MD; by-rad, pp. determined, resolved, S2.

Bi-reinen, v. to rain upon, bedew, MD; be-rayne, pr. pl. berain, S3; birine, subj. S; beraynde, pt. pl. S3.

Bi-reusien, v. to lament, regret, MD, S; bireused, pp. S.—AS. be-hréowsian, to feel remorse.

Bireusunge, sb. contrition, S.

Bi-reuen, v. to bereave, C3, P; birafte, pt. s. C2; bireued, pp., S; byreued, G; byraft, C.—AS. bi-réafian, to deprive of.

Bi-rinnen, v. to run with moisture, MD; bi-runne, pp. bedewed with tears, S.—AS. bi-rinnan, to run as a liquid, bi-runnen, pp. Birle, sb. cup-bearer, MD, HD.—AS. byrle, byrele.

Birlen, v. to pour out drink, to give to drink, MD, JD, H, HD; bryllyn, Prompt.—AS. byrlian; cp. Icel. byrla.

Birlynge, sb. a giving to drink; pouring out liquor, H.

Bi-rolled, pp. rolled about, S2.

Birth, sb. birth, offspring, natural disposition, nation, MD; burþ, MD; birþes, pl. nations, S2, MD.—Icel. burðr; cp. Goth. ga-baurths, birth, native country.

Birth-tonge, sb. native tongue; burþ-tonge, S2.

Bisay; see Bisen.

Bi-sched, pp. besprinkled, W2.

Bi-schetten, v. to shut up; bessette, S2; bischetten, pt. pl., PP; bishetten, P; bishette, pp., PP.

Bi-schinen, v. to shine upon, MD; byschyne, pp. shone upon, S2.

Bischop, sb. bishop, S, PP; bisscopp, the Jewish high priest, S; bischopis, pl. chief priests, W; bissopes, S2.—AS. biscop; Lat. episcopus.

Bi-schrewen, v. to corrupt, to curse, MD; byschrewed, pp. cursed, P.

Bi-schrichen, v. to shriek at, S.

Bi-schunien, v. to shun, MD; bisunien, S.

Bise, sb. the north-wind, S.—OF. bise; cp. OHG. bísa.

Bi-sechen, v. to beseech, S; biseke, C2; beseken, C, S; besech, imp. s., S; bisohte, pt. s. S; besoght, S2; bisoȝte, S2; bisouȝten, pl. pl., S2.

Bi-segen, v. to besiege, MD; bi-segiden, pt. pl., W2; bi-seged, pp., C2.

Bi-semen, v. to beseem, to appear, MD; bi-semeþ, pr. s., him bisemeþ, he appears, S; bisemyde, pt. s., beseemed, fitted, W; ibsemed, pp. made seemly, plausible, S (16. 842).

Bi-sen, v. to look, to behold, consider, to arrange, appoint, to manage, MD, S; besie, S; biseo, S2; bisið, pr. s., S; bise, imp., W; byse, S2; biseh, pt. s., S; bisay, S2; beseyn, pp. arranged; beseyne, decked; besene, equipped, S3; biseye, as in phr. yuel biseye, ill to look at, C2, richely biseye, splendid in appearance, C2.—AS. biséon, to look about.

Bisenen, v. to give an example, MD; bisend, pp. likened, signified, S2.—AS. bysnian. See Bisne.

Bisening, sb. example, S.—AS. bys-nung.

Bi-setten, v. to fill, occupy, to surround, beset, to set, place, to employ, MD, C, P; bisettiden, pt. pl., W.—AS. bi-settan.

Bisi, adj. busy, S; see Busy.

Bisily, adv. busily, C2; bisili, W; bisiliche, S.

Bi-sitten, v. to sit close to, to press hard, MD, P; be-sæt, pt. s. besieged, S; be-sætte, S.—AS. be-sittan.

Bi-slabered, pp. beslobbered, P.

Bi-smeoruwed, pp. besmeared, S.

Bi-smer, sb. scorn, reproach, P; bisemar, S; busemare, S2; bismare, HD; bissemare, CM; bismeres, pl., PP; bismares, PP.—AS. bi-smer, insult; cp. OHG. bismer, ridicule (Otfrid).

Bi-smitten, v. to dirty, MD; bismitted, pp. dirtied, S; besmet, MD.

Bi-smotered, pp. spotted, smutted, C.

Bisne, sb. example, parable, S, MD.—AS. bysn; Goth. busns (in anabusns); from biudan; see Douse, p. 60.

Bi-soken, sb. request, petition, MD; bisokne, NED; bi-socne, dat., MD; bisocnen, dat. pl., S.

Bi-soȝte, pt. s. of Bi-sechen.

Bi-speken, v. to speak to, to speak, blame, to decide, resolve, MD; byspack, pt. s., G; bespayke, S3; bispeke, pp. S.—AS. be-sprecan.

Bi-spel, sb. parable, S.—AS. bigspell, example, proverb, parable.

Bi-speten, v. to spit upon, W; bispatten, pt. pl., W; bispat, pp., W.

Bi-sprengen, v. to besprinkle, MD; bi-spreynde, pt. s. W; besprent, pp. bedewed, S3; bysprent, S3; besprint, S3; bispreynt, W2.—AS. be-sprengan.

Bisse, sb. a stuff of fine texture, MD; bis, MD; bys, S2; bies, bijs, fine linen, W; bijs (= byssus = Heb. shésh, fine linen, also Egyptian cotton), W2.—OF. bisse; Lat. byssus; Gr. βύσσος; Heb. búts, fine Egyptian cotton.

Bissyn, sb. fine linen (= byssinum), W.—Lat. byssinum, a garment made of byssus.

Bi-stad, pp. placed, circumstanced, bestead, hard bestead, sorely imperilled, overcome, MD, S2, C3; bystad, G; bistadde, CM; bistaðed, MD; bistaðet, S; bisteaðet, S. Probably from Icel. staðr, place, see NED.

Bi-standen, v. to surround, to be busy about, to attack, MD; bi-stod, pt. s., S; bistode, S2; bistonden, pp., S.—AS. be-standan.

Bi-steken, v. to shut out, MD; pp., S.

Bi-striden, v. to bestride, S; bistrood, pt. s., C2; bystrood, G.

Bi-sunien, v. to shun, S; see Bi-schunien.

Bi-swiken, v. to betray, deceive, S, S2; beswike, S; besuiken, S.—AS. be-swícan.

Bi-swinken, v. to obtain by work, to, earn by labour, MD; biswynke, P.—AS., be-swincan.

Bisy, adj. busy, C2, P; see Busy.

Bisyhed, sb. busyhood, MD; bysyhede, S2.

Bisynesse, sb. business, W2; see Busynesse.

Bi-taken, v. to commit, entrust, S, C2, W, NED; betake, PP; beotake, PP; bytake, PP; bitaak, W; bitak, imp. s., S; bitok, pt. s., S2; bitook, C3; bytokist, 2 pt. s., W; betoke, 1 pt. s., S; bitoken, pl., W; bitakun, pp. W; bitake, S2.

Bi-techen, v. to entrust, assign, S; beteche, HD; byteche, PP; biteache, S; bitache, imp. s., S; bitæhte, pt. s.; bitahte; bitagte; bitaucte, S; bitaughte, G; bytaȝt, S2; bitæht, pp.; bitaht; biteiht; bitagt; beteht, S.—AS. be-tǽcan, pt. betǽhte, pp. betǽht.

Bitel, adj. sharp, biting, MD.

Bitel-browed, adj. with shaggy, prominent eye-brows, S2, P; bytelbrowed, PP.

Bi-tellen, v. to clear, justify, to express, show, to claim, to set free, to persuade, deceive, MD, S; bitald, pp., H, MD.—AS. be-tellan.

Biten, v. to bite, PP; byte, PP; bot, pt. s., S2, PP; bote, P.—AS. bítan, pt. bát (pl. biton), pp. biten.

Bi-teon, v. to draw over, to cover, to employ, NED; biten, MD; bitowen, pp., S; bitoȝen, NED; bitogen, MD.—AS. be-téon.

Bi-þenken, v. to think, bethink, S, W; biþenchen, S; biþohte, pt. s., S; biþoȝte, planned, S2; biþouhte, S; beþout, S2; biþoht, pp. repented, S; biþouht, S; bythought, called to mind, C.—AS. bi-þencan.

Bi-tiden, v. to happen, betide, MD; bityde, C2, C3; beotyde, PP; bitit, pr. s., PP; bitid, S; bitide, pt. s., S2; betydde, PP; bitid, pp., S; betight, pp., S3; NED.

Bi-tilden, v. to cover; bi-tild, pp., S.—AS. be-teldan. See Ouer-tild.

Bi-time, adv. betimes, S, S2; bityme, PP; bitimes, C3.

Bi-toknen, v. to betoken, C2; bitocknen, S; bytoknen, PP; betoknen, S, PP; betaken, S2; bitacnedd, pp., S.

Bi-trayen, v. to betray, PP, C2; bitraide, pt. s., S. From OF. traïr: It. tradire; Lat. tradere.

Bitter, adj. bitter, MD; bittur, PP; bittere, adv. bitterly, P.—AS. bitor.

Bitter, sb. bitterness, S2, P.

Bittur-browed, adj. having prominent brows, PP. See Bitel-browed.

Bituhhe, prep. between, S; see Bi-twiȝe.

Bi-turnen, v. to turn; biturnde hom, pt. pl., turned themselves about, S2.

Bi-twenen, prep., between; bitwine, bitwen, betwenen, betuene, S.—AS. be-twéonan.

Bi-twix, prep. betwixt, S2, C2; bitwixe, C2; bitwixen, C2; betwyx, betwux, S; bitwex, S; bythuixte, S2.—AS. be-tweox.

Bi-twiȝe, prep. between, MD; betwe, S2; bituhhe, S.—AS. be-twih, be-twuh.

Bityl, sb. beetle, NED.—AS. bitula.

Biuien, v. to tremble, NED; biueð, pr. s., S.—AS. bifian (beofian); OHG. bibēn, see NED.

Bi-wailen, v. to bewail, lament, C2; biwaille, MD; biweile, MD, W; biwailled, pp., C2.

Bi-welden, v. refl. to wield oneself, i.e. to have full and free use of one’s limbs, MD; bywelde, S3; bewelde, Palsg.; beweld, to wield, HD.

Bi-wenden, to turn, MD; biwente, pt. s., turned round, S.

Bi-wepen, v. to beweep, S, W.—AS. be-wépan.

Bi-werien, v. to defend, S.—AS. be-werian.

Bi-winden, v. to wind about, S; bewinden, to enwrap, cover, S; bewunden, pp., S.—AS. be-windan.

Bi-winnen, v. to obtain, MD; biwon, pt. s., S.

Bi-witen, v. to guard, MD; bywite, S; biwiste, pt. s., MD; biwisten, pl., S.

Bi-wlappe, v. to wrap round, W2.

Bi-wreyen, v. to accuse, to reveal, disclose, C2, C3; bywreye, C; biwreie, S; bewreye, C, S2; bewraye, NED.

Biȝes, sb. pl. collars, P; see Beiȝ.

Bi-ȝete, sb. profit, S, S2; offspring, P.

Bi-ȝetel, adj. profitable, S.

Bi-ȝeten, v. to obtain, possess, beget, S; biȝiten, S; bigat, pt. s. S; bigæt, S; begæt, S; bygeten, pp. S2; biȝetenn, biyete, biȝite, biȝute, bigotten, biȝoten, S.—AS. bi-gitan (bigietan).

Bi-ȝonde, prep. beyond, S, S2, PP; biȝende, W; biȝunde, P; biyond, S2; beionde, S; biȝendis, W.

Blaberen, v. to blabber, to talk idly, HD, Prompt.; blaberde, pt. s., PP.

Bladder, sb. bladder, MD; bladdre, C3; bledder, S3; bleder, Voc.—AS. blǽdre, OMerc. blédre (OET.)

Blak, adj. pale, MD; blake, wan, Palsg. Phr.: blak and blo, pale and livid, MD, NED (s.v. black, 13).—AS. blác. Cf. Bleike.

Blak, adj. black, MD.—AS. blæc.

Blake, sb. smut, black, S; blackness, S2.

Blake-beryed, sb. blackberrying, i.e., wandering hither and thither purposely, C3.

Blanchet, sb. a white powder used as a cosmetic, S.—OF. blanchet.

Blanc-mangere, sb. a kind of cheese-cake, PP; blammanger, PP.

Blane (for blan), pt. s. of Bi-linnen.

Blank, adj. white, S3.—OF. blanc.

Blase, sb. blaze, flame, PP.—AS. blæse.

Blasen, v. to blaze, flare, PP; blasie, pr. s. subj., S; blesand, pr. p., S3.

Blasen, v. to blow (with trumpet), to proclaim, publish, NED, CM. Cp. OHG. blásan.

Blasen, v. in heraldry to blaze arms, i.e. to describe them, MD, S3, Prompt., Palsg.; blaze, Cotg. (s.v. blasonner).

Blasfeme, adj. and sb. blasphemous, blasphemer, MD, W.—Lat. blasphemus; Gr. βλάσφημος.

Blaundissen, v. to flatter, H; blaundiss, pr. s., H; bloundisand, pr. p., H.—OF. blandir (pr. p. blandisant).

Blawen; see Blowen.

Bledder; see Bladder.

Blee, sb. colour, complexion, MD, HD; ble, MD, JD; bleo, S, S2; blie, JD.—AS. bléo.

Blefð; see Bileuen.

Bleike, adj. pale, S, NED; bleyke, Prompt.; blayke, NED; bleyk, S3; bleke, wan, Palsg. Phr.: blaike and blo, pale and livid, NED (s.v. black, 13).—Icel. bleikr. Cf. Blak.

Blenchen, v. to flinch, turn aside, S, P; bleynte, pt. s., C; bleinte, NED.—AS. blencan, to deceive.

Blenden, v. to mix together, MD; blende, pp., S2.—Cp. Icel. blanda.

Blenden, v. to blind, deceive, MD, PP; blent, pr. s., C3; blente, pt. s., PP; blent, pp. blinded, C3, HD.—AS. blendan.

Blenk, sb. a gleam, blink, glance, S3; blenkis, pl., NED; blinkes, MD.

Blenken, v. to glitter, to glance, NED; blynke, to open the eyes, S2; blenkit, pt. s., looked, S2; blencheden, pl., MD.

Blere, adj. blear, dim, NED.

Bleren, v. to make dim, to be blear-eyed, MD, S2, P; blered, pp. dimmed, S2, C3, P.

Blesen, v. to blaze, S3; see Blasen.

Blessen, v. to bless, PP, S; blesseth hir, pr. s., crosses herself, C3; blesced, pp. S; bletcæd, consecrated, S; y-blessed, S3, C3, P; i-blessed, S; iblescede, S; iblesset, S2.—AS. blétsian, blédsian ONorth. blóedsian (NED); from blód, blood.

Blete, adj. bare, exposed, miserable, S, MD; blait, JD; blout, JD.—AS. bléat, wretched, miserable; cp. Icel. blautr, Du. bloot G. bloss.

Bleten, v. to bleat, Prompt.; blæten, S.—AS. blǽtan.

Bleuen; see Bileuen.

Blewe, adj. blue, livid, C2, PP; black, MD; blew, MD.—OF. bleu. See Blo.

Blewe, sb. blue, MD; bluȝ, S2.

Bleynte; see Blenchen.

Blinnen, v. to cease, S, S2, C3; see Bi-linnen.

Blis, sb. bliss, S.—AS. bliss (= blíðs), see Sievers, 202(7). See Bliþe.

Blissien, v. to rejoice, be glad, to gladden, MD; blissin, S, S2.—AS. blissian (= blíðsian). See above.

Bliþe, adj. blithe, cheerful, S, S2; blyþe, S2, C2.—AS. blíðe.

Bliðe-liche, adv. gladly, S; bluðeliche, S; bloðeliche, S; bliþeliȝ, S; bleþely, S2.—AS. blíðelice.

Bliue, adv. quickly, S, S2; see Biliue.

Blo, adj. livid, S2, PP; black, MD.—Icel. blá(r). See Blewe.

Blod, sb. blood, S, S2, PP; blode, dat., S2.—AS. blód.

Blode, sb. a blood-relation, a person, living being, MD, CM; blod, MD.

Blok, adj. pale, NED. Phr. blok and blo, NED. See Blak.

Blo-man, sb. negro, MD; blamon, MD; blewe-men, pl., MD.—Cp. Icel. blá-maðr, negro. See Blo.

Blome, sb. flower, S2, MD.—Icel. blóm, flower, blossom.

Blosme, sb. blossom, S, PP, Prompt., CM; blostme, S; blosmen, pl., S2; bloosmes, S3.—AS. blóstma.

Blosmen, v. to blossom, W2, Prompt.; blosmed, pt. pl., P.—AS. blóstmian.

Bloundisen, v. to flatter, H; see Blaundissen.

Bloundisynge, sb. blandishing, H.

Blowen, v. to blow, PP; blawe, S; blou, imp. s., S; bloaweð, pr. s., S; bleu, pt. s., S; bleowen, pl., S; blawen, pp., S2; blowe, C3.—AS. bláwan, pt. bléow, pp. bláwen.

Blowen, v. to blow, to bloom, MD; i-blowe, pp. S.—AS. blówan, pt. bléow, pp. geblówen.

Blubren, v. to bubble, MD; blubrande, pr. p., S2.

Blustren, v. to rush about aimlessly, NED; blustreden, pt. pl., P.

Bluȝ, sb. blue, S2; see Blewe.

Blyn-hede, sb. blindness, H.

Blynke; see Blenken.

Bo-; see Bou-, Bu-.

Bobbe, sb. a knock, jerk, jog, S3; bobbes, pl., S3.

Bobben, v. to knock, strike, MD.

Bocche, sb. tumour, boil, PP; botche, W2, Prompt.; boche, CM; boce, CM.—AF. boche, OF. boce, bump.

Bocher, sb. butcher, S2, S3, P, C.—OF. boucher.

Bocherie, sb. shambles, W, Prompt.—OF. boucherie.

Bod, sb. abiding, waiting, delay, S2.

Bod, pt. s. waited, S2; bode, waited for, S2; see Biden.

Bode, sb. message, command, S, PP; bodes, pl., S, S2.—AS. (ge)bod, command.

Boden; see Beden.

Bode-word, sb. command, S; bodworde, message, S2.

Bodien, v. to announce, S; bodeden, pt. pl., S.—AS. bodian.

Body, sb. body, person, PP; bodie, S; bodi, S, PP; bodiȝ, S. Phr.: my ioly body, my jolly self, C2.—AS. bodig.

Body-half, sb. the front part (of a dress), PP.

Boile; see Bule.

Boistous, adj. boisterous, noisy, S3; boustious, S3; bustuus, busteous, S3; buystous, W.

Boistously, adv. loudly, C2.

Bok, sb. book, S, S2, PP; boc, S, S2; boke, P.—AS. bóc; cp. OHG. buoh (Tatian).

Bokele, sb. buckle, MD; bokle, MD.—OF. bocle.

Bokeler, sb. buckler, shield, C, G; bocler, Palsg.—OF. bocler.

Boket, sb. bucket, C; bokett, Prompt.

Bold, adj. fierce, bold, daring, PP, S; bauld, bawld, S3; belde, big, blustering, S; bald, S2; balder, comp., P.—AS. beald; OHG. bald (Otfrid).

Boldeliche, adv. boldly, S; baldly, S2; boldely, C2.

Bolden, v. to make bold, encourage, MD; bolded, pt. s., P; balde, S.—AS. bealdian.

Bole, sb. a kind of clay, C3. Comb.: bole armoniak, Armenian clay, C3, NED (s.v. ammoniac).—Lat. bolus; Gr. βῶλος, clod.

Bole, sb. bull, S, C, C3; bule, S; bulez, pl., S2; bolis, W; boolis, W.—Icel. boli.

Bolle, sb. bowl, S, S2, C3, P; a rounded seed-vessel, NED (s.v. boll), HD; boll, rounded top (of barley), S3.—AS. bolla.

Bollen, v. to swell, S2, PP; bolled, pp., S2, PP.

Bollen, pp. swollen, NED; bollen, W; bolne, S3; bowlne, S3.

Bollyng, sb. swelling, P.

Bolnen, v. to swell, S2, P, H; bolned, pt. s., S2; bolnyde, W2; bolnyd, W.

Bolnyng, sb. swelling, H, W.

Bolt, sb. arrow, S; bolte, Prompt.—AS. bolt (Voc.).

Bolȝen, v. to puff up, MD; boluweð, pr. s., S.—AS. belgan, pt. bealg (pl. bulgon), pp. bolgen.

Bon, sb. bone, PP., S2; boon, W2; ban, S; banes, pl., S, S2; bon, S; boonys, W2; bannes, S2. Phr.: to make bones, to hesitate, S3.—AS. bán.

Bon, pp. prepared, S2; see Boun.

Bonayre, adj. kind, gentle, MD; bonere, MD; bonair, adv., MD; bonure, S2. See Debonnaire.

Bonayrelyche, adv. reverently, S2.

Bonchen, v. to strike, bump, S2, P; see Bunchen.

Bond; see Binden.

Bonde, sb. a peasant serf, slave, NED, S2; pl., PP.—AS. bonda, bunda, a householder; Icel. bóndi, for búandi, a tiller of the soil.

Bonde-man, sb. tiller of the soil, NED; bondman, P; bondemen, pl., S2, P, G, PP.

Bone, sb. pain, poison, PP; see Bane.

Bone, sb. prayer, petition, S, S2, C3, G, PP; bon, S2; boone, C, G; bonen, pl., S.—Icel. bón. Cf. Bene.

Bonen, adj. made of bone, S2.

Bonet, sb. additional sail, PP, Cath.—OF. bonet, bonnet.

Bonk, sb. bank, shore, S2, S3; see Bank.

Boo-; see Bo-.

Boor, sb. boar, C, W2; bare, S2; bore, S, PP; bor, S2, PP; bores, pl., P.—AS. bár.

Boot, sb. boat, S2, W, CM; bot, PP.—AS. bát.

Boras, sb. borax, C, C3.—OF. boras: It. borace; Arab. bōraq.

Bord, sb. board, table, S, S2, C, NED; borde, S; boord, W; bordes, pl., S.—AS. bord, plank. Cf. Bred.

Borgounen, v. to bud, S2; see Burjounen.

Borne; see Burne.

Bornen, v. to burnish, S3; see Burnen.

Borwe, sb. pledge, surety, W2, C, C2, G; borgh, H; borghe, P; borewe, S2; borwes, pl., sponsors, S2; pledges, P.—AS. borh.

Borwen, v. to deliver, to borrow, MD, PP, C2, G; borewe, W2; borowe, NED; borwede, pt. s., PP.—AS. borgian.

Borwynge, sb. borrowing, Prompt.; borewyng, S2.

Boske; see Busch.

Bosken; see Busken.

Bost, sb. boast, noise, MD, C3, PP; boost, C2; boste, PP; bostus, pl., H.

Bosten, v. to boast, PP; booste, NED.

Bosum, sb. bosom, S, W (John 13. 23); bosem, MD.—AS. bósm.

Bote, prep. and conj. without, except, unless, but, S, S2, PP; bot, CM, S2; bute, S; butt, S; boute, S, S2; buten, S; buton, S; Comb.: bote-ȝef, except that, unless, S2, C.—AS. be-úton (búton).

Bote, sb. remedy, succour, amendment, S, S2, C2, G, P; boote, S3, C, G. Phr.: to bote, to advantage, in addition, NED.—AS. bót; cp. Goth. bota.

Botelees, adj. without remedy, PP; bootelesse, useless, S3; botles, S2.

Botelere, sb. butler, Voc.; botiler, C; butler, S.

Botelle, sb. bottle, MD; botel, CM.—OF. boutelle, also botel.

Boterace, sb. buttress; boteras, Prompt.; butterace, SkD (p. 789); butteras, pl., SkD; buttrace, SkD; butteraces, SkD.—ME. boterace for OF. bouterets, i.e. (pillars) bearing a thrust, pl. of bouteret.

Boterace, v. to buttress; butteras, Palsg.; boteraced, pp., PP.

Bothe, adj. both, PP, S; baþe, S, S2; beoðe, S; beðe, S; buoðe, S2.—Icel. báði, both (neut.).

Botme, sb. bottom, C, C3, Prompt.; boþom, a vale, S2, NED; boþem, S2.—AS. botm.

Botme-les, adj. bottomless, CM.

Botnen, v., to heal, to recover, MD; botened, pp. bettered, P. See Bote.

Botun, sb. button, bud, Prompt., Voc.; bothom, MD, CM; buttonys, pl., S3.—OF. bouton, button, bud (Cotg.).

Bouel, sb. bowel, MD; bouele, S2.—OF. boel (and boele); Lat. botellus.

Bouge, sb. a leathern bottle or wallet, uter, W2 (Ps. 77. 13); bowge, W2, Prompt.—OF. bouge, budget, leather-case; Low Lat. bulga, leathern vessel (Voc.). Cf. Waterbulge.

Cross-reference could not be identified. In sources other than the Dictionary, the most common term is “water bouget”.

Bouhte; see Biggen.

Bouk, sb. the belly, trunk, body, C, JD; buc, S.—AS. búc: Icel. búkr.

Boun, pp. prepared to go, ready to start, S3, CM, PP; bon, ready, S2; bun, S2; bown, P, H.—Icel. búinn, prepared, pp. of búa, to get ready, to till; cp. AS. ge-bún, pp. of gebúan; cp. E. bound (said of a ship.)

Bounden, pp. bound, S, C2; see Binden.

Bounen, v. to get ready, to go, also to make ready, NED; bowneth, pr. s., NED; bownd, pt. s., prepared himself, got ready, S3.

Bour, sb. bower, chamber, womens’ chamber, C, G; bur, dat., S; boure, S, S2, P; bowre, P; bourez, pl. sleeping-places, S2.—AS. búr, a dwelling.

Bourde, sb. jest, PP, C3, G; bourd, S2, S3; bord, NED.—OF. bourde.

Bourden, v. to jest, C3, PP; borde, NED.—OF. bourder.

Bourding, sb. jesting, 83.

Bourdon, sb. pilgrim’s staff, CM, HD; bordun, S2, PP; burdon, S, HD; burdoun, P, MD; bordon, MD, PP; bordoun, HD.—OF. bourdon (Cotg.); Low Lat. burdonem; see Burdon.

Boustious, adj. noisy, S3; see Boistous.

Bouȝ, sb. bough, PP; boh, S; bogh, S2; bowh, PP; boȝe, dat., S; boges, pl., S; buges, S; bughes, S2; bewis, S3; bewys, S3; bowes, PP, S3; boowes, C; boȝe, dat., S.—AS. bóg, bóh, Icel. bógr, shoulder, bow of a ship; cp. Gr. πᾶχυς.

Bowe, sb. bow, W2, PP; bouwe, W2; bowes, pl., PP; boys, S3.—AS. boga.

Bowe-lyne, sb. bowline, MD; bawelyne, S2.

Bowen, v. to bow, bend, submit, to direct one’s course, turn away, PP, S2, C2, W; bouwe, W2, PP; boghen, S2, H; buwen, S; buȝen, S; buhen, S; bugen, S; beien, S; bowande, pr. p. obedient, S2; bues, pr. s., S2.—AS. búgan.

Boydekyn, sb. poniard, bodkin, NED, Prompt.; bodekyn, Prompt.; boydekins, pl., C2.

Boyste, sb. box, PP, Prompt., Cath.; boyst, MD; boist, C3.—OF. boiste (F. boîte).

Boȝte; see Biggen.

Brac, sb. a, crashing sound, fragor; brace, outcry, S.—Icel. brak; cp. AS. (ge)bræc.

Brace, sb. couple of hounds, Prompt.—OF. brace, the two arms, a grasp; Lat. brachia, pl.

Bracer, sb. a guard for the left arm in archery, C; braser, Voc. See Ascham, Toxophilus, ed. Arber, p. 108.

Brade, sb. roast flesh, S; brede, S.—AS. brǽde.

Bradit; see Brayden.

Brak; see Breken.

Brand, sb. brand, firebrand, sword, MD; brond, brand, S2, C; brondes, pl., S; brands, i.e. fire-side, S2; brondis, torches, W.—AS. brand (brond).

Brant, adj. steep, high, MD, HD; brent, JD; brentest, superl., S2.—AS. brant (bront); cp. Swed. brant, Icel. brattr.

Bras, sb. brass, C2; bres, S; breas, S.—AS. bræs.

Brasten; see Bresten.

Bratful; see Bretful.

Brað, sb. violence, MD; braþþe, dat., S.—Cp. Icel. bráð. See Broð.

Braun, sb. brawn, CM; boar’s flesh, PP; brawnes, pl., muscles, C2.—OF. braon, Prov. bradon (brazon); Low Lat. bradonem; see Ducange.

Brayde, sb. a quick movement, a start, a while, moment, MD, CM; braid, S3; braydes, pl. grimaces, S2; breides, cunning tricks, MD. Phr.: at a brayde, in a moment, S2.—Icel. bragð, quick movement.

Brayden, v. to draw, pull, to draw away quickly, to twist, braid, to start, to move quickly, hasten (intr.), to wake up, MD, Prompt., S2, CM; breyde, CM, C2; breide, W2; breyde, pt. s., PP, CM, C2, C3; brayde, MD; bradit, S3; broiden, pp., MD; broydyn, laqueatus, Prompt.; brayden, MD; browden, MD, JD; browded, C, HD; brouded, C2; broyded, WW; brayded, MD.—AS. bregdan, pt. brægd (pl. brugdon), pp. brogden.

Brea-; see Bre-.

Breas, sb. brass, S; see Bras.

Bred, sb. bread, S, PP; breed, C2, W2; bræd, S; bread, S; brad, S; brede, S2; breade, dat., S.—ONorth. bréad.

Bred, sb. board, tablet, MD, S (s.v. wax); brede, Prompt.—AS. bred.

Bred-ale, sb. bride-feast, S; see Bryd-ale.

Brede, sb. bride, PP; see Bryde.

Brede, sb. roast-flesh, S; see Brade.

Brede, sb. breadth, S, S2, S3, C2, H; breede, C, W2. Phr.: on breid, on breadth, abroad, S3; did on breid, did abroad, unfolded, S3.—AS. brǽdu.

Breden, v. to spread, S, Prompt.—AS. brǽdan.

Breden, v. to roast, MD; bret, pr. s., S.—AS. brǽdan.

Breden, v. to breed, to produce, to be produced, MD, PP; bredden, pt. pl., PP; i-bred, pp., S.—AS. brédan, to nourish. See Brode.

Bred-gume; see Brydegome.

Bred-wrigte, sb. bread-wright, baker, S. See Bred.

Breech, sb. pl. breeches, drawers, C2, C3; brech, S; breche, PP; brek, Voc.—AS. bréc, pl. of bróc; cp. Icel. brækr, pl. of brók.

Breed; see Bred.

Breels, sb. pl. wretches, HD, MD (p. 343).

Breggid, pt. s. shortened, W; see Abregge.

Breken, v. to break, S, S2, PP; breoken, S; brecð, pr. s., S; brac, pt. s., S; brek, S; brec, S2; brak, S2, PP; breken, pl., S; y-broke, pp., S2; ibroke, S2.—AS. brecan, pt. bræc (pl. brǽcon), pp. brocen.

Brek-gurdel, sb. a breech-girdle, MD; brekgyrdylle, lumbare, Voc.; brechgerdel, MD; breigirdel, MD; brigirdil, MD; brygyrdyll, Prompt.; breigerdlis, pl., purses, PP. See Breech.

Breme, sb. bream, Prompt.; brem, C.—OF. bresme (F. brème); OHG. brahsema.

Breme, adj. fierce, angry, S, S2, S3, H, PP; brem, S2; breme, adv., S2; breeme, C.—AS. bréme famous, noble.

Bremely, adv. fiercely, furiously, loudly, S2; bremly, S2.

Bremstoon; see Brynston.

Bren, sb. bran, S2, C, P.—OF. bren (F. bran).

Brene; see Brune.

Brenke; see Brink.

Brennen, v. to burn, S2, S3, C, C2, PP, W; bren, S2; brinnen, S, S2; brende, pt. s., S, S2, C2; brent, S2; brendon, pl., S; brenneden, W; brende, brenned, brend, S2; brende, C; brenten, W2; brend, pp., S, S2, C; brent, C2, S3, W; y-brend, C3; y-brent, C.—Icel. brenna; cp. Goth. brinnan, Cf. Bernen.

Brenningly, adv. ardently, fiercely, C.

Brent, adj. steep, high, S2, JD; see Brant.

Breo-; see Bre-.

Brerd, sb. brim, margin, surface, top, S3, MD; brurd, MD; brerde, MD.—AS. brerd, brim, top of a vessel, shore; cp. OHG. brort, also Icel. broddr, the front.

Brerd-ful, adv. brimful, MD; brurdful, S2. Cf. Bretful.

Brere, sb. briar, S3, W2; brer, S3; breres, pl., S, S3, C; breris, W.—AS. brér, also brǽre, pl. (OET).

Bres; see Bras.

Bresil, adj. brittle, H; see Brisel.

Brest, sb. breast, C; breost, MD; breast, voice, S3; breste, PP; bryst, MD.—AS. bréost.

Bresten, v. to burst, S2, C2, W, MD; brasten, S3, MD; bersten, S, C; brast, pt. s., C3, PP; barste, P; braste, pl., C3, S2; brest, S3; brusten, pp., damaged, hurt severely, S2, MD.—Icel. bresta, pt. brast, pp. brostinn; cp. AS. berstan.

Bretful, adj. brimful, S3, C, PP, HD; bratful, S2, PP; bredful, PP. Cp. Swed. bräddful. See Brerdful.

Breð, sb. breath, vapour, voice, word, MD, PP, CM; breðe, dat., S.—AS. brǽð.

Brethe, sb. anger, wrath, H; breth, H.—Icel. bræði, anger, from bráðr, hasty. See Broð.

Brethir; see Broðer.

Breuet, sb. brief, letter of indulgence, P; breuettes, pl., P.—Late Lat. brevetum.

Brewen, v. to brew, MD; brew, pt. s. contrived, C2, PP; breuh, S2, PP.—AS. bréowan, pt. bréaw, pp. browen.

Brewestere, brewster, P; breusters, pl. ale-wives, female-brewers, S2, PP.

Breyden; see Brayden.

Brid, sb. a young bird, PP, C2, C3, W; bridd, S; bridde, PP; bred, PP; bredde, PP; berd, MD; bird, MD; briddes, pl., S2, C; bryddez, S2; briddis, W, H; birds, S3 (26. 1150).—AS. bridd.

Brigge, sb. bridge, PP, S, CM; brugge, PP; bregge, MD; brygge, PP; brig, S2.—AS. brycg; cp. Icel. bryggja.

Briggen, v. to bridge, S.

Brike, sb. calamity, C2; see Bryk.

Bringen, v. to bring, S; brohte, pt. s., S; brochte, S; brouȝte, S2; brouhte, S; broȝte, S, S2; broght, pl., S2; broht, pp. S2; broght, S2; brouȝt, S2; ibrȝt, S2; y-broȝt, S2; y-brought, C; ibroht, S; ibrouht, S2; ibrocht, S.

Brink, sb. brink, margin, MD; brenke, dat., W; brynke, MD.—Cp. Swed. brink, Icel. brekka.

Brinnen; see Brennen.

Brisel, adj. brittle, H; bresil, H; brissal, JD. See below.

Brisen, v. to crush, MD; brisse, MD; bresen, MD; brisid, pp., W.

Brisokis, sb. pl. wild cabbage, H.

Britel, adj. brittle, fragile, MD; britil, S2, W; brutel, MD; brutil, CM; brotel, MD.—From base of AS. bruton, pt. pl. of bréotan, to break.

Britnen, v. to break, break up, MD; bruttenet, pp. destroyed, slain, S2; bretynyd, HD.—AS. brytnian, to distribute, dispense.

Britoner, sb. a man of Brittany, a Frenchman, P; Brytonere, P; see Brutiner.

Briȝt, adj. bright, S, PP; bricht, S; brict, S; briht, S; brigt, S; bryht, S2; bryȝt, S2; brihtre, comp., S; briȝter, S; brictest, superl., S.—AS. beorht.

Briȝte, adv. brightly, MD; bryghte, C2.

Briȝtnesse, sb. brightness, W2; brichtnesse, S; brihtnesse, S; brictnesse, S.—AS. beorhtnes.

Brocage, a treaty by an agent, PP; brokages, pl., P.—OF. brocage, ‘exprime l’idée de ruse et de perfidie’ (Godefroy).

Broche, sb. brooch, match, spear, spit, MD; brouch, S2; broch, C; broches, pl., C2, PP.—OF. broche.

Brochen, v. to spur, pierce through, put on the spit, broach a cask, MD; brochede, pt. s., S2, PP.—OF. brocher, Prov. brocar.

Brocket, sb. a stag in its second or third year, HD, MD, Cotg.; broket, MD; brokkettis, pl., S3.—Cp. OF. brocart (Cotg.).

Brocour, sb. broker, P; brokour, P.—AF. abrocour; Low Lat. abrocatorem (Ducange), from abrocare, to broach a cask, from broca. See Broche.

Brod, adj. broad, S, S2, PP; brood, C; braid, S3; brode, C, PP; brade, S, S2, H; broddeste, superl., W2.—AS. brád.

Brode, adv. broadly, wide awake, C3; widely, PP; broode, broadly, plainly, C.

Brode, sb. brood, S, Prompt.—Cp. OHG. bruot (Weigand).

Broiden; see Brayden.

Brok, sb. brock, badger, Prompt.; broc, W; brockes, pl., P; brokkys, PP.—AS. broc; OIr. brocc.

Brok, sb. brook, PP; broke, P.—AS. bróc.

Brol, sb. a brat, child, MD, S3, PP; brolle, P; brawl, ND.—Cp. Low Lat. brollus, ‘miserculus’ (Prompt., p. 50).

Brond; see Brand.

Broð, adj. violent, MD; braþ, MD; braith, JD.—Icel. bráðr. Cf. Brað.

Broþeful, adj. violent, MD; braithful, JD.

Brothel, sb. a wretch, PP, MD, HD; brothell, Palsg.

Broþeliche, adv. violently, MD; broþely, hastily, quickly, S2; braithly, JD.

Broðer, sb. brother, PP; gen. s., C2; broðere, pl., S; breðere, S; brethir, S3; breðre, S; briðere, S; bretheren, C2, PP.—AS. bróðor.

Broðer-hed, sb. brotherhood, MD; bretherhede, C; britherhed, W; britherhod, W.

Broðer-rede, sb. fraternity, MD (p. 354).—AS. bróðorrǽden.

Brouded, pp. braided, C2; see Brayden.

Broudster, sb. embroiderer, JD.

Broudyng, sb. embroidery; browdyng, C, CM.

Brouken, v. to use, enjoy, eat, PP, C, G; bruken, S; breken, S; brooke, to endure, S3; bruc, imp. s. use, S; ibroken, pp., S.—AS. brúcan, pt. bréac (pl. brucon), pp. brocen.

Broun, adj. brown, C, PP; brun, sb. brown horn, S.—AS. brún.

Bru-; see Bry-, Bri-, Brou-.

Brugge; see Brigge.

Bruk, sb. locust (= bruchus), W2, H; bruyk, H.—Gr. βροῦχος, βροῦκος.

Brune, sb. burning, S, MD; brene, S2.—AS. bryne.

Brunie, sb. corslet, coat of mail, S; brinie, MD; brini, HD, MD; burne, MD; bryniges, pl., S; brenyes, HD.—Icel. brynja: Goth. brunjo; cp. AS. byrne.

Brurd; see Brerd.

Brusten; see Bresten.

Brut, sb. Briton; Bruttes, pl., S.

Brutayne, sb. Brittany, S2.

Brutil; see Britel.

Brutiner, sb. a man of Brittany, a Frenchman, a swaggerer, PP; Brytonere, P; Britoner, P.

Brutnen, v. to hew in pieces, MD; bruttenet, pp. slain, S2; see Britnen.

Bryche, adj. reduced, poor, S2.—AS. bryce, frail.

Bryd-ale, sb. marriage-feast, MD; bridale, P, W; bredale, S; bruydale, P; brudale, S.—AS. brýd-ealo, a bride-ale, bride-feast.

Bryde, sb. bride, domiduca, Voc., PP; brede, PP; bruyd, CM; brud, MD, S; brid, MD.—AS. brýd: OS. brúd; cp. OHG. brút (Otfrid).

Bryde-gome, sb. bridegroom, MD; bredgume, S; brudgume, MD.—AS. brýdguma (brédguma); cp. OHG. brútigomo (Otfrid).

Bryk, sb. misery, calamity, MD; brike, C2; bruche, injury, MD.—AS. bryce.

Bryllyn; see Birlen.

Brymme, sb. margin, shore, S, MD.—AS. brim, surf, the sea; cp. Icel. brim.

Bryn-ston, sb. sulphur, Voc., PP, S2; brymston, W2; bremstoon, C, PP; brimstoon, C3; brunstan, H.—Cp. Icel. brennisteinn.

Brystylle, sb. bristle, Prompt., Voc.; berstles, pl., C.—From AS. byrst: OHG. burst.

Bryttlynge, sb. breaking up, S3. See Britel.

Bu-; see Bou-, Bo-.

Budele, sb. beadle, officer, PP; budeles, pl., S; beodeles, S2.—AS. bydel; cp. OHG. butil. Cf. Bedel.

Bue, Buð; see Ben.

Bulde, pt. s. built, C; see Bilden.

Buggen, v. to buy, S, S2, PP; see Biggen.

Bugle, sb. wild ox, S2, Prompt.; bugill, S3; bowgle, S3; bugle, buffalo-horn, bugle, MD.—OF. bugle; Lat. buculum (acc.).

Builen, v. to boil, S2; buylith, pr. s., W2; buylyng, pr. p., PP; buyliden, pt. pl., W2.—OF. buillir; Lat. bullire.

Bule, sb. boil, PP; bilis, pl., W; byles, PP; boilus, PP.—AS. býle; cp. G. beule (Weigand).

Bule; see Bole.

Bulle, sb. bull, papal rescript, P; bille, PP; petition, PP; bylle, PP.—Lat. bulla, boss, stud, hence Late Lat. bulla, seal, document with seal; see Ducange.

Bulten, v. to boult, sift, C, Prompt.; boulte, Palsg.; bultedd, pp., S.—OF. buleter, bureter, to sift through coarse cloth, from bure, coarse cloth; Late Lat. burra; see Ducange (s.v. buratare).

Bult-pele, sb. a sifter, Voc.

Bumbase, v. to quilt with bombast, i.e. cotton wadding, Florio (p. 234a); bumbast, pr. pl., S3.—From Milanese bombás; Low Lat. bombacem, cotton; from Gr. βόμβυξ.

Bummen, v. to taste, take a draught, MD; bummede, pt. s. tasted, S2, P.

Bun, pp. prepared, S2, MD; see Boun.

Bunchen, v. to strike, MD, Prompt.; bonchede, pt. s., S2; bonched, P.

Bunden; see Binden.

Bur, sb. wind, storm, force, impetus, MD; bir, MD; birr, HD; hire, dat., W, MD; birre, W; byrre, HD.—Icel. byrr, wind, storm.

Bur, sb. the broad ring of iron behind the place for the hand on a tilting-spear, S3; burr, HD.

Burde, sb. maiden, virgin, lady, S, S2, PP; birde, P; berde, PP; buirde, PP; buyrde, S2, PP; see Bryde.

Burden, sb. burden, Manip.; see Burðene.

Burdenous, adj. burdensome, S3.

Burdon, sb. mule; burdones, pl., MD; burdowns, MD.—Lat. burdonem (Vulg.).

Burdoun, sb. droning sound, bass, MD, C.—OF. bourdon, a drone, the humming of bees, the drone of a bag-pipe (Cotg.).

Bureth, v. it behoves, MD; birrþ, pr. s., S; burth, MD; birs, MD; bers, MD; birrde, pt. s., S; bird, S2, MD; burd, MD.—AS. ge-byrian; cp. OHG. gi-burren, to happen (Otfrid).

Burgage, sb. an estate held of a lord of a borough; burgages, pl., P; borgages, PP.—Low Lat. burgagium; OF. bourgage (Cotg.).

Burgeis, sb. burgess, MD; burgeys, C, CM; burgeis, pl., S2, P; burgeyses, P.—OF. burgeis; Low Lat. burgensis.

Burgh, sb. borough, town, fortress, shelter, MD; burghe, PP, CM; borghe, PP; borw, PP; borugh, PP; borowe, PP; borh, S; burch, S; burh, S; bureh, MD, S; biri, MD, S; berie, S; borwȝ, S2; borwes, pl., PP, MD.—AS. burh; gen. byrig.

Buriel, sb. tomb, S2; buryel, S2; biriel, W; biryel, S2; buriels, pl. the Catacombs, C3; biriels, W2; birielis, W.—AS. byrgels.

Burien, v. to bury, MD, S, PP; birien, MD, W2; berien, C3; bery, MD, C3; byrien, S; i-burred, pp., S2.—AS. byrigan.

Burien, sb. grave, MD; berien, S.—AS. byrgen.

Burinisse, sb. burial-place, MD; berynes, H.—AS. byrignes.

Burjoun, sb. burgeon, bud, MD; burioyn, H; burgon, HD; burgionys, pl., S3; burioyns, H.—OF. borjon, in Cotg. bourgeon.

Burjounen, v. to bud, MD; buriowne, W2; burgionys, pr. s., S3; borgouneȝ, pr. pl., S2; burioneþ, PP; burionand, pr. p., H; buriownynge, W.

Burn, sb. man, S2, HD; burne, S2; see Bern.

Burne, sb. spring of water, MD, S; bourne, S2; borne, S2; burn, stream, S2.—AS. burna.

Burnen, v. to burnish, MD; burned, pp., C; borned, S3.—OF. brunir, to burnish, polish, to make brown (Cotg.). See SkD. p. 789.

Burnet, adj. brown, S3.—OF. brunet, brownish (Cotg.).

Burnet, sb. cloth of brown colour, CM, MD.—OF. brunette (Cotg.); cp. Low Lat. brunetum.

Burðene, sb. burden, MD; birthin, W; birthun, W2; burden, Manip.—AS. byrðen.

Busch, sb. bush, wood, W, W2, MD; buysch, W; busk, the head or tuft of a stalk of wheat, S; bush, S2, MD; boske, S2; boskez, pl., S2.

Buschement, sb. ambush, MD; busshement, S3. Cp. OF. en-buschement, an ambuscade NED, (s.v. ambushmenf).

Busken, v. to prepare oneself, to get ready, to go, to hasten, to prepare, dress, MD, H, S2, P; buschen, S2; bosken, S2. Icel. búask (reflex.), to get oneself ready.

Buskinge, sb. equipment, dress, MD, S3; bosking, MD.

Busteous, adj. noisy, S3; buystous, W; see Boistous.

Busy, adj. busy, MD; bisi, S, W2; bisie, S; bisy, C2, P; besy, C.—AS. bysig.

Busyen, v. to busy, occupare, MD; bisien, C3, S2, W.

Busynesse, sb. business, activity, care, industry, MD, C, C3; bisinesse, C3; besynesse, S3; besynes, H; bisynesses, pl., W2.

Buþ; see Ben.

Buþ; see Biggen.

Buuen, prep. and adv. above, S; buue, S; boue, MD; bufon, S.—AS. be-ufan.

Buxum, adj. obedient, ready, willing, courteous, PP; boxum, S2, PP; buxom, CM; buhsum, S. See Bowen.

Buxumliche, adv. obediently, PP; boxumly, S2; buxomly, C2.

Buxumnesse, sb. obedience, PP; buxomnes, P; boxumnes, S2.

By-, prefix. See Bi- words.

By, Bi, prep. by, at, according to, S, S2, with regard to, PP, S, S2, S3; bie, S; be S, S2. Phr.: by and by, adv. immediately, S3; in order, separately, C, Prompt., MD.

By, v. to dwell, build, C2; see Biggen.

Bye, v. to buy, S2; by, C3; see Biggen.

Byggyng, sb. building, S2.

Byȝe; see Beiȝ.

C.

C-; see also under K.

Caas, sb. case, circumstance, chance, C; kas, S2; cass, S3; cas, S2, C2.—AF. cas; Lat. casum (acc.), a fall, from cadere, to fall.

Caas, sb. case, quiver, C; see Casse.

Caban, sb. hut, small room, MD, PP; cabin, MD.—OF. cabane; cp. Low Lat. cabanna, capanna; see Brachet.

Cabine, sb. a shed made of boughs, Cotg. (s.v. cabane); cabin, small enclosed place, Sh.

Cabinet, sb. small shed, arbour, S3.—OF. cabinet, an arbour in a garden, Cotg.; cp. It. cabinetto (Florio).

Cacchen, v. to catch, to chase, MD, C3, P; katchen, MD; kecchen, MD; chacche, S2; chacen, MD; chaci, MD; caucht, S3; cacces, pr. s., S2; cahte, pt. s., MD; caȝte, S2; caughte, C2; cauȝt, MD; cought, MD; caght, MD; cahten, pl., MD; keiȝt, MD; caht, pp. MD; kauȝt, W2.—OF. cachier, cacier (also chacier, chasser); Late Lat. captiare, from Lat. captare, freq. of capere, to take, to hold; see Constans.

Cache-pol, sb. a tax-gatherer, constable, bailiff, MD, PP; cahchpolle, Prompt.; catchepollis, pl., W.—AF. cacchepole, OF. chacepol, chassipole; cp. Low Lat. cachepollus, cacepollus, chacepollus, chassipullus. The form cacepollus is met with in the Leges Ethelredi, see Schmid and Ducange. The word probably meant at first the officer who collected from the tenant the fowls (pullos) paid as rent.

Cacherel, sb. an inferior officer of justice, MD; kachereles, pl., S2.—OF. cacherel; cp. Low Lat. cacherellus.

Cæse; see Chese.

Cæste, sb. dat. chest, S; see Chest.

Caf, sb. chaff, H; see Chaf.

Caitif, adj. and sb. captive, miserable wretch, MD, W, C3, H; caytif, C2; caytiue, P; caitifes, pl., S3; caytiues, S3; kaytefes, S2.—AF. caitif; Prov. captiu; Lat. captiuum (acc.); see Brachet (s.v. chétif).

Caitifte, sb. wretchedness, S2, W, W2, H; caytefte, S2.—OF. caitivete; Lat. captiuitatem.

Calabre, sb. Calabrian fur, P, S2 (p. 200); NQ. (5. 12. 232); calabere, P (n). Comb.: calaber amyse, a person wearing an amice trimmed with calabre, P (n).

Cald; see Cold.

Calengen, v. to accuse, to charge, W2; see Chalengen.

Calewe, adj. bald, without hair, MD, S2.—AS. calwo-, stem of calu; cp. OHG. chalo (gen. chálawes), and Lat. caluus.

Caliz, sb. chalice, S, MD, SkD; chalis, MD; chalys, Voc.; calice, dat. S, SkD.—OF. caliz; Lat. calix; also OF. calice; Lat. calicem.

Calle, sb. a caul, net for the hair (worn by women), MD, CM, SkD (s.v. caul).

Callen, v. to call, S, C2; kalle, MD, S2.—AS. ceallian; cp. Icel. kalla.

Callour, adj. cool, fresh, healthy, JD, S3; caller, JD; cauler, JD.

Calme, adj. calm, MD.—OF. calme (Cotg.), It. calma (Florio); Low Lat. cauma, heat (Vulg.); Gr. καῦμα.

Calmen, v. to become calm, MD; cawmyt, pp., S3.—OF. calmer; to quiet.

Cal-stocke, sb., cabbage-stalk, S3; calstok, Voc.; calstoke, Palsg.; castock, JD; custoc, JD. See Cole.

Camamelle, sb. camomile, Voc.; camemille, Voc.; camamyle, Prompt.; cammamyll, Palsg.; camomylle, MD; cammamyld, S3; camamy, Voc.—Late Lat. camamilla; Gr. χαμαίμηλον.

Camel, sb. camel, MD; camelle, Prompt.; camaille, C2; chamelle, Prompt.; chamayle, MD.—OF. camel; Lat. camelum (acc.); Gr. κάμηλος; Heb. gāmāl.

The regular OF. equivalent for Lat. camēlum was chameil. In OF. camel the termination -el is due to analogy with French forms derived from -ālem. See BH, § 43.

Cameline, sb. camlet, MD.—OF. cameline; Low Lat. camelinum.

Camelot, sb. camlet, SkD; chamelot, S3; chamlet, Cotg.—OF. camelot (Cotg.); cp. Low Lat. camelotum.

Cammamyld, sb. camomile, S3; see Camamelle.

Camp, sb. contest, MD; comp, S; kemp, JD; kampe, dat., MD.—AS. camp (comp); cp. Icel. kapp.

Campe, adj. See Kempe.

Campen, v. to contend, contest, esp. at foot-ball, MD, Prompt.—AS. campian.

Campynge, sb. pedipiludium, game of foot-ball, Prompt.

Can, pr. s. can, knows, S, S2. Phr.: can þanc, S; see Kunnen.

Canceler, sb. chancellor, S; see Chaunceler.

Candel, sb. candle, MD; kandel, S; candlen, pl. S2.—AS. candel (condel); Lat. candela; cp. Icel. kyndill, candle, torch.

Candel-messe, sb. Candlemass, MD; candel-masse, dat., S, S2.—Cp. Icel. kyndill-messa, in Church Lat. candelaria, the feast of the Purification.

Canelle, sb. cinnamon, S2, Voc., Cath. (n); canylle, Cath.; canel, W, W2.—AF. canelle; Late Lat. canella, cinnamon, also, a reed (Ducange), from Lat. canna. See Canne.

Canevas, sb. canvas, C3; canvas, Voc.; canwas, Voc.—AF. canevas, canevace; Late Lat. canabacius, hempen cloth; from OF. canve (F. chanvre), hemp; Late Lat. cannabum, Lat. cannabis; Gr. κᾶνναβις.

Cang, adj. foolish, lustful, MD; canges, sb. gen., fool’s, S; kanges, pl., MD. See PP; Notes, (p. 241).

Cangen, v. to befool, MD.

Cang-liche, adv. foolishly, MD.

Cang-schipe, sb. foolishness, MD.

Canker, sb. cancer, a disease, MD, W; cankyr, Voc.; cankere, Voc.—Lat. cancer, crab, an eating tumour, also, in pl. cancri, lattice-work.

Cankerd, pp. corrupted, S3.

Canne, sb. cane, reed, MD; cane, Voc.—Lat. canna; Gr. κάννα, κάννη, cane, reed; Heb. qāneh.

Canne, sb. can, MD, W; cane, Voc. Cp. Late Lat. canna, a measure for liquids; see Weigand (s.v. Kanne).

Canon, sb. a rule, MD, PP; canoun, MD; canon-law, PP.—Lat. canon; Gr. κανών, a rule, standard, from κάνη, κάννη, a cane, reed. See Canne.

Canonisen, v. to admit into the canon of the Mass, to canonize, MD; to consecrate, admit to the dignity of the papacy, MD.—Late Lat. canonizare.

Canonistres, sb. pl. men skilled in canon-law or ecclesiastical law, PP.—OF. canoniste; Late Lat. canonista.

Canoun, sb. a canon of a chapter, MD; kanun, S; chanoun, S, Voc., C3, G; chanon, C3.—OF. canone, canoine (chanoine); Church Lat. canonicum (acc.) one on the church-roll or list (canon).

Church Lat. canonicus did not mean originally ‘one on the church-roll or list,’ but one who was bound to observe a certain rule of life (canon, κανών). OF. chanoine is not the precise equivalent of canonicum, but represents a Latin type *canonium. See Scheler’s Dict. (ed. 3).

Cant, adj. lively, brave, cheerful, MD, S2, JD.

Cant, sb. a portion, S3; corner, SkD, ND.—OF. cant; cp. It. canto, corner (Florio).

Cantel, sb. edge, piece, bit, MD, C, Prompt., Palsg.; kantel, MD; cantle, Sh., ND.—OF. cantel (F. chanteau).

Caper-cailye, sb. capercailyie, JD.—Ir. capull-coille, lit., the horse of the forest. See Capul.

Capitain, sb. captain, C2; capitayne, S3.—OF. capitain; Late Lat. capitaneum (acc.) captain, from Lat. caput.—Cf. Cheuetayn.

Capitle, sb. the sum, the chief point, W; see Chapitre.

Cappe, sb. cap, MD; keppen, pl., S.

Capret, sb. a wild goat, W2; capretis, pl., W2.—Late Lat. capretus; cp. F. chevrette.

Capul, sb. horse, nag, MD, Prompt., PP, HD; capil, MD; capel, C3; caple, MD, PP, HD.—Icel. kapall; Lat. caballus; cp. Ir. capull, Wel. ceffyl.

Caracter, sb. a mark, sign, character, W; carecter, W; carracte, Palsg.; carecte, PP; carect, W; caractes, pl., HD; carectes, PP.—Lat. character; Gr. χαρακτήρ, an engraved mark; cp. Prov. caracta.

Carayne, sb. carrion, S2; see Caroigne.

Carboncle, sb. a precious stone, MD; carbokyl, Voc.; charboncle, MD; charbucle, MD; charbocle, C2.—OF. carboncle (carboucle, charboucle); Lat. carbunculum (acc.).

Carde, sb. teasel, Prompt.;—OF. carde; Late Lat. cardum (acc.), from Lat. carduus, thistle.

Carden, v. to card wool, MD, Prompt., S3.—OF. carder, It. cardare (Florio).

Cardiacle, sb. pain about the heart, PP, Cath. (n.), C3; cardyacle, Prompt.; cardiakylle, Cath., Voc.; cardiake, Cath.—OF. cardiaque, a malady of the heart (Cotg.); Late Lat. cardiaca, ‘cordis passio’; Gr. καρδιακός, from καρδία, the heart. For the intrusion of l see Cronique.

Care, sb. grief, S, C3, G; cayr, S3; kare, S2.—AS. cearu: OS. kara; cp. OHG. chara.

Care-full, adj. full of grief, S3, C; karful, S2; carefullich, adv. anxiously, P; carfuli, S2.

Caren, v. to be anxious, MD; karien, S; cared, pt. s., G; pl., P.—AS. cearian.

Carf, pt. s. cut, C2; see Keruen.

Carited, sb. charity, S; see Charitee.

Cark, Carke; see Charge.

Carl, sb. a man, rusticus, colonus, maritus, MD, C3.—Icel. karl; cp. OHG. karl (Otfrid).

Carl-man, sb. a man; carman, MD; caremane, MD; carlmen, pl., S.—Icel. karlmaðr (karmaðr), a man, male.

Carme, sb. a Carmelite friar; karmes, pl., S3.—OF. Carme (Bartsch); from Church Lat. Carmelus; Heb. Carmel, ‘cultivated land.’

Caroigne, sb. carrion, MD, PP, C; caroyne, MD, PP; caroin, S2; careyne, MD, PP; careyn, W2; carayne, MD, S2; caraing, MD; karyun, H; carion, MD; caren, MD; karyn, MD; careyns, pl. W.—OF. caroigne (F. charogne); cp. It. carogna; from Lat. caro, flesh. See Crone.

Carole, sb. a round dance, singing, MD; karole, a chain, MD; caroles, pl., C; carolles, MD.—OF. carole (carolle); It. caróla, a dance, song (Florio); Low Lat. carola, karola, a dancing, also, a chain (of pearls), see Ducange; Lat. corolla, a wreath; dimin. of corona.—ALM. For another account of this word see SkD.

Carolen, v. to dance in a ring, to sing, MD, PP.

Carolinge, sb. carolling, C3.

Carpen, v. to talk, to speak, to say, MD, C, S3; to rebuke, S3; carpede, pt. s., S2; carped, S2, P.—Icel. karpa, to boast.

Carpyng, sb. talking, P.

Carre, sb. car, cart, Prompt.; charre, MD; chare, Voc., S3, W; schare, carpentum, Voc.; char, S2, S3, C, C2; chaar, MD; charis, pl., W, W2, H.—OF. carre, also car (char); Lat. carrum (acc.). A Celtic word, cp. OIr. carr (Windisch).

Carry, v. carro vehere, to carry, MD; carien, C2; to drive, ride, travel, S2; y-caried, C2.—AF. carier (OF. charier, charroier); Late Lat. carricare (carrigare), see Duncange. See Chargen.

Carte, sb. chariot, cart, MD; kart, H (Ps. 67. 18).

Cary, sb. a rough material, S3; see Cauri-mawry.

Casse, sb. box, chest, cover, Prompt.; kace, Prompt.; caas, C.—OF. casse (AF. chasse); Lat. capsa; cp. Gr. κάψα.

Cast, sb. a throw, plan, intention, plot, MD, C, G; caste, P; kastis, pl., H.—Icel. kast.

Castel, sb. village, small town (= castellum), W; castels, pl., camp (= castra), W2; kastels, H (Ps. 77. 32).—Late Lat. castellum, village (Vulg.), Lat. castellum, fortress.

Castel, sb. castle, S.—OF. castel (chastel). See above.

Castel-weorces, sb. pl. fortifications, S, MD.

Casten, v. to cast, throw, to consider, imagine, purpose, design, S, S2, S3, C; kasten, MD, H; kesten, MD, S2; caste, pt. s., MD, S2, S3, C2, C3, G; kast, S2; kest, S3; casten, pl., P, W; kesten, S2, W; castiden, W; casten, pp., MD, C2; i-cast, S; y-cast, C3; ikest, S2; kest, S2; cast, C3. Phr.: caste tornes, tried tricks, G.—Icel. kasta.

Castyng, sb. a vomiting, W.

Cat, sb. cat, Voc., MD; catt, Voc.; kat, S.

Catapuce, sb. name of a purgative plant, euphorbia, C; catapus, CM.—OF. catapuce (petite), garden spurge (Cotg.); Low Lat. catapotium, ‘medicamentum quod non diluitur, pillula’ (Ducange); Gr. καταπότιον, that can be gulped down, a pill, from πότος, drink. Cp. Low Lat. cathapucia, ‘semen spurgie,’ SB.

Cat-cluke, sb. trefoil, S3, JD; catluke, JD; ketelokes, pl., H (Ps. 36. 2).

Catel, sb. capital, property, wealth, CM, MD, S2, C2, C3, W; kateyl, S2; catelle, S2; catele, S2; chatel, MD; chetel, MD.—OF. catel, chatel; Late Lat. captale, capitale, property, principal; from Lat. capitalis, from caput, the head.

Catour, sb. a buyer of provisions, caterer, Palsg., G; cater, S3.—OF. acateur, buyer, from acater (F. acheter), achapter; Late Lat. accaptare.

Caucion, sb. security, surety, account, MD; caucioun, W.—Lat. cautionem, security, bond, warranty, from cautus, pp. of cauere, to be on one’s guard.

Caudron, sb. cauldron, W2.—AF. caudron, OF. chaudron. See Chaud.

Cauri-maury, sb. the name of a coarse rough material, PP; caurimauri, S2; kaurymaury, PP; cawrymawry, PP (n.). Cf. Cary.

Cautele, sb. caution, deceit, MD, Prompt.; cawtele, S3; cautel, ND, Sh.—OF. cautele (cautelle); Lat. cautela.

Cautelous, adj. sly, deceitful, MD, ND, Sh.; cautelouse, W2.—OF. cautelos; Late Lat. cautelosum (Ducange).

Cavell, v. to divide by lot, JD; see Keuel.

Cawmyt, pp. calmed, S3; see Calmen.

Caȝte; see Cacchen.

Cedre, sb. cedar, MD, W2 (Job 40. 12); cedres, pl., S2.—AF. cedre; Lat. cedrum (acc.); Gr. κέδρος.

Cedyr-tre, sb. cedar-tree, Voc.; sydyre-tre, Voc.

Ceelen, v. to line the walls or roof of a room, Prompt., MD; selyn, Prompt.; seeled, pp., WW (s.v. cieled).

Ceinte, sb. girdle, MD; seynt, C.—OF. ceinte; Lat. cincta, pp. f. of cingere.

Celer, sb. cellar, promptuarium, Prompt., W (Lu. 12. 24), MD; celler, MD; seller, G; selleer, G; celere, dat. S, H; celeris, pl., W2; selers, W2.—AF. celer, OF. celier; Lat. cellarium.

Celerer, sb. cellarer, C2.

Celicall, adj. heavenly, S3.

Celle, sb. cell, a religious house, C, C2; selle, C; selles, pl., P.—OF. celle; Lat. cella.

Celure, sb. canopy, ceiling; see Selure.

Cementing, sb. hermetically sealing, C3. See Syment.

Cendal, sb. a fine stuff (linen or silk), S, MD; sendal, PP, ND, C; cendel, MD, HD, Prompt.; sendel, PP, H; = Lat. sindon, W, Voc.; cendell, Palsg.; sendalle, Cath.; sendylle, sandalium, sindo, Cath.—OF. and AF. cendal (cp. Low Lat. cendalum, sendalum); perhaps an adaptation of Gr. σινδών, orig. Indian muslin, from Skt. Sindhu, India.

Centaure, sb. centaury, name of a plant, C; centorye, Alph.—OF. centaure; Lat. centaurea, centaureum; Gr. κενταύρειον, from κένταυρος, a centaur.

Ceptre, sb. sceptre, C2, MD, Palsg.; ceptyr, Prompt.; ceptire, H (Ps, 44. 8).—AF. ceptre; Lat. sceptrum; Gr. σκῆπτρον, staff.

Cerchen, v. to search, MD; cergyn, Prompt.; serchen, MD; sherch, S3; seirsand, pr. p., S3; sherched, pt. pl., S3.—OF. cercher (sercher); Lat. circare, to go round, from circus, a circle.

Cercle, sb. circle, MD, C; sercle, Prompt., W2.—OF. cercle; Lat. circulum (acc.), dimin. of circus.

Cerclen, v. to circle, MD; sirculit, pp., S3.—OF. cercler; Lat. circulare.

Circulat, adj. revolving, S3.

Cere, v. to cover with wax, SkD, C3; cered, pp. shrouded in waxed cloth, SkD.—Lat. cerare, to wax, from cera, wax.

Cere-cloth, sb. waxed linen (for dead bodies), Sh.; searcloth, SkD.

Cerements, sb. pl. (see above), Sh.

Cerge, sb. wax taper, MD; serge, MD, JD, Cath.; cerges, pl., S.—OF. cerge, cierge; Late Lat. ceria, fem. from Lat. cereus, from cera, wax.

Cerial, adj. sacred to Ceres, C.—Lat. Cerialis, Cerealis.

Ceriously, adv. minutely, with full details, S2, C3; see Seryowsly.

Certes, adv. certainly, S, C2, C3; sertes, S2, PP; certis, S3, P.—OF. certes, (Constans): OSp. certas; Lat. certas, pl. f. of certus, certain.

Ceruse, sb. ceruse, white lead, with which women painted their faces, MD; ceruce, C.—OF. ceruse (Cotg.); Lat. cerussa; cp. Gr. κηρωτόν, a cerate or salve used as a cosmetic, from κηρός, bees-wax.

Cessen, v. to cease, C2, C3; cesen, MD.—AF. cesser; Lat. cessare.

Cetewale, sb. zedoary, a root resembling ginger, MD, C2, Prompt., SB; setewale, MD, HD; setwale, Prompt.; setuale, Prompt.; sedewale, MD; sedwale, MD; zedewale, Alph.—AF. cetewale, OF. citoual, citouart; Low Lat. zedoarium; Arab. jadwár (from the Persian).

Ceðen, sb. pl. countries, S; see Cuððe.

Chaf, sb. chaff, straw, MD; chaff, MD; chaffe, W, Prompt.; chef, MD; caf, H; cafe, H.—AS. ceaf.

Chaffare, sb. business, selling, merchandise, S2, C2, C3; chaffar, C3; chafare, S; cheffare, S; chapfare, MD; cheapfare, MD.—AS. céap + faru, a journey, business; cp. Icel. kaupför.

Chaffaren, v. to chaffer, S2, C3, P, W.

Chaflet, sb. a small stage or platform, S3, HD.—A dimin. of OF. chafaut, chaffaut, see Ducange (s.v. chaaffallum). See Skaffaut.

Chaine, sb. chain; chayne, MD; cheyne, Prompt., C2; chyne, MD.—AF. chaine (cheine); OF. chaäine, cadene; Lat. catena.

Chaire, seat, chair, MD; chayere, MD; chaier, W2; chaere, S, MD.—AF. chaiëre, chayëre, seat, throne; Lat. cathedra; Gr. καθέδρα.

Chald, adj. cold, S; see Cold.

Chalenge, sb. false claim, accusation, claim, MD, W2; calenge, MD; chalaunge, MD.—AF. chalenge, chalange, OF. calenge; Lat. calumnia.

Chalengen, v. to accuse, charge, claim, MD, W, S2, P; chalange, H; calengynge, pr. p., W2; chalangede, pt. s., S2; chalanged, pp. accused, P.—AF. chalenger, chalanger, ‘calumniate.’

Chalengere, sb. accuser, W2.

Chamber, sb. chamber, MD; chambur, MD; schambyr, Voc.; chambre, C2, C3, PP; chombre, MD; chaumbre, MD, PP; chawmere, MD; chamer, Voc.; chalmer, S3.—AF. chambre; Lat. camera.

Chamberere, sb. handmaid, MD, S2, C2; chambrere, MD; chomberier, MD.—OF. chamberiere.

Chamberling, sb. chamberlain; chaumberling, MD; chamberlein, MD; schamberleyne, Voc.; chamberlayn, MD; chamerlane, Voc.—OF. chambrelenc (cp. It. camerlengo in Florio); OHG. chamarlinc; Lat. camera + OHG. -linc. On the suffix see SkD.

Chamelle; see Camel.

Chamelot, sb. camlet, S3; see Camelot.

Champaine, adj. and sb. level, level country, CM, S3.—AF. champaigne.

Champartie, sb. share in land, partnership in power, C; chanpartye, S3.—OF. champart, field-rent, see Cotg.; Lat. campi partem.

Champion, sb. a fighter in the duel, a champion, MD; champioun, C, G.—AF. champion; Late Lat. campionem.

Chan-; see Chaun-.

Chanoun; see Canoun.

Chape, sb. the locket of a scabbard, Cotg., Cath.; schape, Cath. (n.).—OF. chappe (Cotg.).

Chapele, sb. chapel, S, MD; chapelle, MD; schapelle, Voc.—AF. chapele, OF. capele; Church Lat. capella.

Chapelein, sb. chaplain, MD; chapeleyne, MD, C; chapeleyns, pl., S2.—AF. chapelein; Church Lat. capellanus.

Chapiter, sb. the capital of a column, SkD.—OF. chapitel; Lat. capitellum, dimin. of caput.

Chapitre, sb. a chapter, division of a book, a meeting of clergy, MD, PP; chapiter, S3; chapitere, PP; chapitle, PP; chapitele, PP; capitle, summary, W.—OF. chapitre, chapitle; Lat. capitulum, dimin. of caput.

Chapitre-hous, sb. chapter-house, PP; chapitel-hous, PP.

Chapman, sb. merchant, C, PP; chapmon, S2, PP; chepmon, S; chapmen, pl., S, S2, C3, PP.—AS. céapman.

Chapmanhode, sb. trade, S2, C3.

Chapolory, sb. a kind of scarf, S3; see Scaplorye.

Char, Chare, sb. car, S3; see Carre.

Charbocle, sb. carbuncle (stone), C2; see Carboncle.

Charen, v. to turn, S; see Cherren.

Charge, sb. a load, injunction, responsibility, MD, S2, C3, C, W; charche, MD; carke, S3; karke, MD; cark, MD, G.—AF. charge, also kark.

Chargen, v. to put a load on, to enjoin, MD, S2; to care for, W, W2; charchyng, pr. p., S3; y-charged, pp., S2; charged, S2.—AF. charger; OF. cargier; Late Lat. carricare. See Carry.

Chargeouse, adj. burdensome, W; chariouse, W2.

Charitee, sb. charity, C2; charyte, S2; charite, MD, S2, G; carited, S; kariteþ, MD.—AF. charite, OF. caritet, Prov. caritat; Lat. caritatem. Cf. Cherte.

Chariȝ, adj. sad, S.—AS. cearig; cp. OS. karag. See Care.

Charnel, sb. charnel-house, P, SkD.—AF. charnel, carnel; Lat. carnalem.

Chartre, sb. prison, S, MD.—OF. chartre, Ps. 141. 7; Lat. carcerem, see Brachet. For tr from original cr, compare OF. veintre; Lat. vincere.

Chartre, sb. charter, S, PP.—AF. chartre; Lat. chartula, dimin. of charta.

Chase, sb. hunting, pursuit, also, hunting-ground, MD; chas, MD; chays, S3.—AF. chace, hunting-ground.

Chaser, sb. hunter (horse), chaser, MD; chaseris, pl., S2.

Chastelet, sb. little castle, domain, P.—OF. chastelet (Cotg.). See Castel.

Chasteleyne, sb. castellan, MD.—AF. chasteleyn.

Chastien, v. to chastise, MD, S; chaste, S2, C2, P.—AF. chastier, OF. castier; Lat. castigare.

Chastisen, v. to chastise, MD; chastyse, C2.

Chastyng, sb. chastisement, P.

Chaud, adj. hot, S2, PP.—OF. chaud, chald; Late Lat. caldum; from Lat. calidus.

Chaunce, sb. chance, S2, C2, C3; cheance, MD; cheaunce, MD; chans, MD; chance, S3.—OF. cheance; Late Lat. cadentia, a falling, from cadere.

Chauncel, sb. chancel, Prompt.; chauncell, Palsg.; chawnsylle, Voc.—OF. chancel; Late Lat. cancellus, chancel, screen; cp. Lat. cancetti, pl., latticework, dimin. of cancri, lattice work, from cancer, a crab. See Canker.

Chaunceler, sb. chancellor, Prompt.; chanceler, MD; cancaler, S.—AF. chanceler, OF. cancelier; Late Lat. cancellarius.

Chauncellerie, sb. chancery, MD; chancelerie, MD.—AF. chauncelerie.

Chauncerye, sb. chancery, MD.—AF. chancerie.

Chaunge, sb. change, C2.

Chaungen, v. to change, MD, S2; chaungi, S; chongen, S2; i-changet, pp., S.—AF. changer; OF. changier, cangier; Low Lat. cambiare, to barter.

Chaunger, sb. money-changer, W.

Chaungyng, sb. changing, W2.

Chaunterie, sb. chantry for singing masses for the dead, C.—AF. ckaunterie, OF. chanterie; Late Lat. cantaria, from Lat. cantare, to sing.

Chavel, sb. the jaw, MD; chavyl, MD; chawle, MD; chaul, MD; choule, MD; chol, S3; choll, MD.—AS. ceafl. See further in SkD (s.v. jowl).

Chavyl-bone, sb. jaw-bone, Prompt.; chavylbon, MD.

Che-; see Chi-.

Cheap, sb. bargain, S; see Chepe.

Cheap-ild, sb. a female trader, S. See -ild.

Chearre, v. to turn, S; see Cherren.

Cheas, pt. s. chose, S; see Chesen.

Checker, sb. exchequer, S3; see Escheker.

Cheef, sb. and adj. head, upper part, chief, MD, PP; chief, MD; cheff, PP; chef, MD; chyf, PP.—OF. chef (AF. chief) cheve; Late Lat. capum (acc.); cp. It. capo, Sp. cabo.

Cheef-mete, sb. chief meat, PP, S2.

Chees; see Chesen.

Cheest; see Chest.

Cheffare, sb. business, S; see Chaffare.

Chekelew, adj. suffocating, HD; see -lewe.

Cheken, v. to choke, suffocate, MD, Prompt., SkD. See NED (s.v. achoke).

Cheker, sb. exchequer, PP; see Escheker.

Cheld, adj. cold, S2; see Cold.

Chelde, sb. cold, PP.

Chelden, v. to grow cold, S; kelde, MD.—AS. cealdian.

Chĕle, sb. chill, S, S2; see Chil.

Chĕle, sb. throat, fur made up from the fur about the marten’s throat, S; cheole, MD; chelle, MD.—AS. ceole, the throat; cp. OHG. chĕla (G. kehle). See Merthes-chele.

Chelle, sb. bowl, incense-vessel, S.—AS. ciella (cylle), a vessel for drinking; cp. OHG. chella.

Chemys, sb. chief mansion, JD; see Chymmys.

Chene; see Chyne.

Cheosen; see Chesen.

Chepe, sb. bargain, business, MD; cheap, S. Phr.: good chepe, cheap, MD; gret chep, plenty, cheapness, MD; to good cheep, too cheaply, G.—AS. céap, business, purchase, price, also, cattle; Icel. kaup, bargain; cp. OHG. kouf (Otfrid).

Chepe, sb. Cheapside, S3, P.

Chepen, v. to transact business, buy or sell, MD, S; chepet, pp., S.—AS. céapian, to bargain.

Cheping, sb. market, W; chepynge, S2, P.—AS. céapung, trade, commerce.

Chepmon; see Chapman.

Cher, adj. dear, PP; chere, MD. Phr.: cher ouer, careful of, PP.—OF. cher; Lat. carum.

Cherarchy, sb. an assembly of holy rulers, a hierarchy, S3; yerarchy, SkD (p. 810).—OF. hierarchie; Gr. ἱεραρχία; cp. It. gerarchía, a hierarchy of angels (Florio).

Cherche, sb. church, S2, C3; see Chirche.

Chere, sb. a time, S; see Cherre.

Chere, sb. face, friendly welcome, S, MD, S2, S3, C3, G, C2; chiere, S3; cheare, S3; cheere, G; cher, S2; cheer, W; cheres, pl., wry faces, S.—AF. chere, countenance, OF. chere, head (Roland); Low Lat. cara, the face, head; Gr. κάρα; see Ducange. Cp. E. cheer.

Cheren, v. to make good cheer, to make glad, MD, Prompt., S.

Cheriche, v. to cherish, PP; cheryce, C2.—OF. cherir (pr. p. cherissant).

Cherissing, sb. cherishing, PP.

Cherl, sb. peasant, S, S2, C2, C3; chorle, Prompt.; churle, Voc.—AS. ceorl; cp. MHG. kerl. Cf. Carl.

Cherliche, adv. dearly, fondly, PP; cherli, S2. See Cher.

Cherre, sb. a turn, space of time, business, affair, job, MD; chere, S; char, MD; chore, SkD (p. 792).—AS. cerr (cirr, cyrr); cp. OHG. chér.

Cherren, v. to turn, MD; chearre, S; churren, S; charen, S; cherde, pt. pl., S.—AS. cerran (cirran); cp. OHG. kéren (Otfrid).

Cherte, sb. charity, MD: friendship, S3.—OF. cherte; Lat. caritatem. Cf. Charitee.

Cherubim, sb. pl. cherubim; cherubym, W2 (Ps. 17. 12); cherubin, S2; cherubyn, H.—Church Lat. cherubim (Vulg.); Heb. cherubim, pl. of cherub. Cp. OF. cherubins, PS. 17. 10.

Chervelle, sb. chervil, PP; cherefelle, Alph.; chiruylles, pl., PP.—AS. cærfille, (Voc.); Lat. caerifolium; Gr. χαιρέφυλλον; cp. OF. cerfueil (Cotg.).

Chery, sb. cherry, Voc.; chere, Voc.—OF. cerise; Late Lat. cerasea, adj. from cerasum, cherry; from Gr. κέρασος, cherry-tree; see Diez. Cf. Chiries.

Chesbolle, sb. a small onion, poppy-head, Voc.; chesebolle, HD; chessebolle, HD; chespolle, Voc.

Chese, sb. cheese, MD, Voc., S (18. 643); schese, Voc.; cæse, S.—OMerc. cése (OET), AS. cǽse; Lat. caseus.

Chesen, v. to choose, S, S2, C2, C3, G; cheosen, S, S2, MD; ches, imp. s., S2; chees, C3; choyss, S3; cheas, pt. s., S; ches, MD, S2; chees, MD, S2, C2, C3; chesit (weak), S3; curen, pl., MD; cusen, S; icoren, pp., S; ychose, PP; cosan, S.—AS. céosan, pt. céas (pl. curon), pp. coren.

Chesible, sb. chasuble, P; chesibylle, Voc.; chesyble, Palsg.; chesypyl, Voc.; chesypylle, Prompt.—OF. *chasible, cp. Church Lat. casibula, casubula (OF. chasuble); from casula, a sacerdotal vestment, from Lat. casa, a cottage.

Chesoun, sb. cause, account, MD; chesun, S2, H; cheson, H. See Achesoun.

Chest, sb. jangling, strife, MD, P; cheast, MD; cheaste, MD; cheste, G, S; cheestis, pl., W.—AS. céast.

Chest, sb. chest, ark, coffin, PP, MD; chæst, MD; cæste, dat., S. Cf. Kist.

Chesten, sb. chestnut-tree, Manip.; chesteyn, C, MD; cheston, Voc.—AF. chestaine, OF. chastaigne; Lat. castanea; from Gr. κάστανον.

Chesten-tre, sb. chestnut-tree, MD; chestantre, Voc.

Chesun, sb. cause, occasion, account, S2, H; see Chesoun.

Chesunabile, adj. open to an accusation, H.

Cheðen, sb. pl. countries, S; see Cuððe.

Cheuaunce, sb. gain, profit, MD.

Cheuen, v. to succeed, to attain one’s end, MD, C3, P; cheeuen, S2.—OF. chevir, from chef. See Cheef.

Cheuesance, sb. success, profit, agreement, MD, PP; cheuisaunce, agreement, bargain, PP, C.—OF. chevisance.

Cheuesen, v. to procure, to get, MD; chevisen, MD; cheviss, to achieve one’s purpose, S2; cheuyce, to lend, S3.—OF. chevir (pr. p. chevissant).

Cheuetayn, sb. captain, S2; cheueteyn, MD; cheventeyn, S2, PP, C; cheuentayn, MD, PP; chefetayn, MD; chiveteyn, MD; chiftaigne, PP.—AF. chevetayn (cheventeyn); Late Lat. capitaneum, from Lat. capit- stem of caput, head. Cf. Capitain.

Chewen, v. to chew, S, S2; cheowen, MD.—AS. céowan, pt. céaw (pl. cuwon), pp. cowen.

Cheyne, sb. chain, C2; see Chaine.

Chibolle, sb. a small kind of onion, MD, S2, P; chebole, a young onion, Palsg.; chibole, PP; schybbolle, Voc.; chesbolle, Voc.—OF. ciboule; Late Lat. caepulla from Lat. caepa, onion. Cp. It. cipolla, cyboll (Florio) and G. zwiebel, onion (Weigand).

Chiden, v. to chide, dispute, MD; chid, MD; imp. s., S; chit, pr. s., MD, C3; chidden, pt. pl., S, W.—AS. cídan, pt. cídde.

Chil, sb. chill, coolness, MD, SkD; chele, S, S2, P.—AS. ciele (Voc.), cyle.

Chilce, sb. childishness, S. Chilc; for AS. cild + s; see Sievers, 258. For the French spelling, cf. Milce.

Child, sb. child, the child of a noble house, a title of honour, young knight, S; cild, S, MD; childre, pl., S, S3; childer, MD, S, S2; cyldren, S; cheldren, S; childrene, gen., S.—AS. cild, pl. cild, also cildru, and in ONorth. cildo, cildas.

Childen, v. to bring forth children, W2.

Child-had, sb. childhood, S; childhede, dat., C2.—AS. cildhád.

Chimney, sb. furnace, oven, also, fireplace, Sh., PP (n.); chymney, W; chymneye, PP.—AF. chimenee, OF. cheminee; Late Lat. caminata, a room with a stove; from Lat. caminus, a furnace; Gr. κάμινος.

Chinche, adj. and sb. niggardly, a niggard, MD, CM; chiche, MD; chynchis, pl., H.—OF. chiche, miserable, niggardly (Cotg.): Sp. chico, small; Lat. ciccum (acc.), the core of a pomegranate, a mere trifle.

Chinchen, v. to be niggardly, Prompt.

Chincherie, sb. miserliness, Prompt.

Chirche, sb. church, S, S2, W2, PP, CM; churche, S, S2, PP; cherche, S2, C3; kirke, S, S2, P; kyrke, P, Voc., S3; kirc, S2; circe, S, Voc.; cyrce, S.—AS. cyrce; cp. OHG. kirichâ (Tatian).

Chirche-gong, sb. churching of women, S2, MD.—Cp. Icel. kirkju-ganga.

Chirche-haie, sb. cemetery, MD; chyrchehaye, Voc.

Chirche-ȝeard, sb. church-yard, MD; chyrcheȝarde, Prompt.; kyrkeȝerde, Voc.; kyrgarth, Voc.; cyrce-iærd, S.—Icel. kirkju-garðr.

Chirch-socne, sb. congregation, S.—AS. ciric-sócn (Schmid); cp. Icel. kirkju-sókn.

Chiries, sb. pl. cherries, S2, P. See Chery.

Chiri-tyme, sb. cherry-time, P.

Chirken, v. to twitter, chirp, MD, CM.

Chirkyng, sb. a grating, stridulent, hissing sound, C, CM; chyrkynge, sibilatus, Prompt.

Chirm, sb. noise of birds, MD; charm, ND; chirme, dat., S.—AS. cirm, cyrm.

Chirmen, v. to chirp and twitter, MD; cherme, Palsg.; chyrmys, pr. s., S3. See SkD (s.v. chirp), and Brugrnann, § 420.

Chisel, sb. chisel, MD; chysel, Prompt.; chyssell, S3; chesyll, MD; scheselle, Voc.; sceselle, Voc.—North F. chisel, OF. cisel, It. cesello, see SkD (p. 793).

Chit, pr. s. disputes, C3; see Chiden.

Chiteren, v. to twitter, MD, CM; to chatter, C3.

Chitering, sb. twittering, MD; chyteryng, S2.

Chivache, sb. riding, expedition, CM, MD, C3; chivachie, C; chevache, CM.—AF. chivauche, chevauchee, OF. chevalchee, from chevalchier, to ride on horseback, from cheval, horse; Lat. caballum, (acc.). See Capul.

Chiualer, sb. chevalier, knight, PP; cheualere, MD.—AF. chevaler.

Chivalrie, sb. the knights of Christendom, S2; chevalrye, MD; chyvalrie, knightly deeds, MD; chiualrye, C2.—AF. chivalrie, chevalerie.

Chiueren, v. to shiver, tremble, Prompt., SkD (s.v. shiver); cheueren, PP; sheeuering, pr. p., S3.—Cp. Du. huiveren, to shiver.

Chiueringe, sb. shivering, trembling; chyuerynge, Prompt., p. 75; chyueryng, Palsg., Prompt.

Chois, sb. and adj. choice, MD, C2; choys, MD, C, C2.—OF. chois, cois, from choisir, coisir, to choose. Of Teutonic origin. See Chesen.

Choisly, adv. choicely, MD; chysly, S2.

Chol; see Chavel.

Chold, adj. cold, S; see Cold.

Choppen, v. to chop, cut, mince, MD; chappyd, pp., MD.

Chorle; see Cherl.

Chrisolyte, sb. chrysolite, 3; crysolyt, SkD.—Lat. chrysolithus (Vulg.); Gr. χρυσόλιθος, ‘gold stone.’

Chronique, sb. chronicle, C; see Cronique.

Churren, v. to turn, S; see Cherren.

Chymmys, sb. chief mansion, S3; chemys, JD.—OF. chef + mes (Bartsch.), chefmois, chief manor house (Cotg.); Late Lat. capmansum (acc.); see Ducange (s.v. caput mansi). See Cheef.

Chymney, sb. furnace, W; see Chimney.

Chynchis, sb. pl. niggards, H; see Chinche.

Chyne, sb. chink, fissure, W2; chenes, pl., S2, MD; chynnes, S3.—AS. cínu.

Chynnyng, sb. chink, S3.

Chyp, v. to chip, S3. See Choppen.

Chyrmen, v. to chirp, S3; see Chirmen.

Chysly, adv. choicely, S2; see Choisly.

Chyssell, sb. chisel, S3; see Chisel.

Ciclatun, sb. a costly silk texture, S; ciclatoun, MD, C2; siclatoun, MD; ciclatuns, pl., S.—OF. ciclatun in Roland (cp. Icel. siklatun); cp. Arab. siqlát, a fine cloth.

Cipres, sb. cypress, MD; ciprees, C2; cypres, Palsg.; cipresse, MD.—OF. cypres; Lat. cupressus, cyparissus; Gr. κυπάρισσος.

Circe, sb. church, S, Voc.; see Chirche.

Circe-wican, sb. dat. church-dwelling, S.

Cisterne, sb. cistern, Joseph’s pit, MD, Cath.; sisterne, MD; sesterne, Prompt.—Lat. cisterna, (Vulg.).

Cisternesse, sb. Joseph’s pit, S.

Citee, sb. city, MD, C2, C3; cyte, MD; syte, Prompt.; scite, S; citee, MD, C2, C3; cite, S, S2, Cath.—AF. cite, OF. citet; Lat. ciuitatem, a community of citizens.

Citesein, sb. citizen, MD; citeseyn, W (Acts 22. 26); cytezeyne, Prompt.—AF. citeseyn, citezein: Prov. ciutadan, ciptadan; Late Lat. *civitadanum.

Citiner, sb. citizen, JD; cyttenere, Voc.

Citole, sb. cithern, C, MD, CM; cytole, Voc.—AF. citole, OF. cytholle (= Lat. cithara), Ps. 56. 8; cp. Low Lat. citola, (Voc.); Lat. cithara; Gr. κιθάρα, also κίθαρις; cp. Chaldee qīthārōs, Dan. 3. 5. See Giterne.

Citolerer, sb. a player on the cithern; cytolerer, Voc.

Citrinacioun, sb. the turning to the colour of citron (in alchemy), C3, CM.

Citrine, adj. citron-coloured, MD.—OF. citrin; Lat. citrinus.

Citur, sb. citron-tree, MD. Comb.: cytyr-tre, Prompt.; citur tree, MD.—OF. citre; Lat. citrum (acc.).

Clam, adj. sticky, H, MD.

Clam, pt. s. climbed, S2; clamb, C2; see Climben.

Clanlych, adv. purely, S2; see Clene.

Clappen, v. to make a noise like the clapper of a mill, MD, Palsg.; to chatter, C2, C3.—Icel. klappa.

Clapping, sb. chatter, idle talk, C2.

Clapsen, v. to clasp, C, CM; see Claspen.

Claret, sb. a spiced wine, MD, Prompt. clare, MD; clarre, C, MD; clarry, MD.—OF. claret (AF. clare); Late Lat. claretum and claratum. See Clere.

Clarifien, v. to glorify, MD, W, H (Ps. 19, 1).—OF. clarifier; Lat. clarificare (Vulg.).

Clarioun, sb. clarion, C, MD; claryone, Prompt.—OF. clarion (F. clairon). See Clere.

Clarre, sb. a spiced wine, C, CM; see Claret.

Claspen, v. to clasp, Palsg.; clapsen, C, CM.

Clauster, sb. cloister, MD; closter, MD; claustres, pl., S2.—Lat. claustrum (clostrum), whence Icel. klaustr, AS. clúster. Cf. Cloister.

Claver, sb. clover, trifolium, Voc., MD; clavyr, S3; clovere, Voc.—AS. cláfre (OET.), also clœfre, (Voc.); cp. Dan. klöver.

Claw, sb. hoof, Voc.; clau, Voc.; clawwess, pl., S; cluvis, S3; clawes, claws of bird, C2.—AS. cláwu, hoof; cp. Icel. klauf, see Weigand (s.v. klaue).

Clawen, v. to scratch, stroke, MD; clowe, to scratch, PP. Phr.: to claw the back, to flatter, S3. Comb.: claw-back, sb. flatterer, sycophant, Cotg. (s.v. flateur).

Cleche, sb. hook, MD; cleek, HD.

Clechen, v. to seize, MD, HD; cleke, MD; cleikis, pr. s., S3; clahte, pt. s., MD; claucht, pp., MD.

Cled, pt. s. clothed, S3; see Clothen.

Clee, sb. hoof, W2.—AS. cléo. See Claw.

Clef, pt. s. split, S2; see Cleuen.

Clei, sb. clay, W2, MD; cley, Prompt.; W (John 9. 6), Voc.—AS. clæg.

Clemen, v. to plaster with clay, to, daub, to smear, MD, S2; clemyd, pp., glued, H.—AS. clǽman, from clám, clay.

Clenchen, v. to clench, seize, PP; to twang the harp, S; clenten, pt. pl., embraced, S; cleynt, pp., fixed, MD.—Cp. OHG. klenken (in in-klenken), to fasten (Otfrid).

Clene, adj. clean, MD, S; adv. entirely, penitus, MD, S, S2; clenner, comp., W2.—AS. clǽne; cp. OHG. kleini, fine, tender, kleino, ‘penitus’ (Otfrid).

Clengen, v. to cling, S2; see Clingen.

Clenlich, adj. cleanly, MD; clenliche, adv. purely, S; clanlych, S2; clennlike, S; clenli, entirely, S.—AS. clǽnlic.

Clennes, sb. purity, S2; clennesse, W2; clenesse, S.—AS. clǽnnis.

Clensien, v. to cleanse, MD; clansi, S; clennsenn, S; y-clense, S3.—AS. (ge) clǽnsian, see Sievers, 185.

Clensinge, sb. cleansing, S.

Cleo; see Clyffe.

Clepen, v. to call, S2, C2, W, W2; clepien, S; cleopien, S; clupien, MD, S2 cleopede, pt. s., S; clupede, S; clepide, S2, W; clepte, S2; clepud, S2; clepet, S2; clepit, S3; i-cleopet, pp., S; i-cleped, S; y-clepud, S2; y-cleped, C3; cleped, S2, C2; clept, S2; y-clept, C3; iclepet, S2; icluped, S2; iclyped, S3.—AS. cleopian.

Clepyng, sb. a calling, W.

Clere, adj. clear, bright, glorious, C2 W, W2; cleer, MD; cler, MD; clier, MD.—AF. cler; Lat. clarum.

Clerenesse, sb. brightness, W; cleernes, C3.

Clerete, sb. brightness, W.

Clergeon, sb. a chorister, little priest, young scholar, MD, C2.—AF. clergeon; cp. Sp. clerizon (Minsheu).

Clergial, adj. learned, C3; clergealy, adv. in clerkly wise, P.

Clergie, sb. (1) the clergy, (2) the clerical profession, (3) book-learning, MD; clargy, H.—OF. clergie: Sp. clerecia, clergy; Late Lat. clericia, the clergy, learning; see Constans.

Clerk, sb. clergyman, scholar, secretary, C2; clerc, S, MD; clerkes, pl., S, C2, C3, P; clerekes, S; clerken, gen. pl., S2.—OF. clerc (AF. clerk); Church Lat. clericum (acc.); Gr. κληρικός from κλῆρος a lot, in eccl. writers, the clergy.

Cler-matin, sb. a kind of corn for grinding, MD, S2, PP.

Cleue, sb. dwelling, bedroom, bed, MD, S; kleue, MD.—AS. cléofa, a recess, den, bed, chamber; cp. Icel. klefi, a closet, bedroom.

Cleuen, v. to split asunder, MD, P; cleoue, MD; cleues, pr. s., S; claf, pt. s., MD; clef, MD, S2; cleef, MD; clevede, G; clouen, pl., S2; clofenn, pp., S; cloue, W.—AS. cléofan, pt. cléaf (pl. clufon), pp. clofen.

Cleuen, v. to cleave, adhere, MD, W2, PP; cliuyn, Prompt.; cliuen, S; clyuen, PP; cliued, pt. s., S; cleuede, W2.—AS. clifian (cleofian); OHG. klebên (Otfrid).

Cleuering, pr. p. clinging, holding on by claws, S3. See Cliuer.

Cleynt, pp. fixed, MD; see Clenchen.

Clicche; see Clochen.

Cliket, sb. a kind of lock or fastening, PP, CM; clyket, PP, Voc.; clykyt, Voc.—OF. cliquette (Bartsch), from cliquer, to click, snap; cp. Low Lat. cliquetus.

Cliketed, pp. fastened with a latch, PP.

Climben, v. to climb, MD; clymben, C2; clam, pt. s., S2, MD; clamb, C2; clomb, MD; clomben, pp., C; clombe, C2.—AS. climban, pt. clamb (pl. clumbon); pp. clumben.

Clingen, v. to shrivel up, wither, to cling, MD, S, ND, Sh.; clengen, S2; clyngen, S2; clang, pt. s., MD; clonge, pl., MD; clungen, pp., MD.—AS. clingan, pt. clang (pl. clungon), pp. clungen.

Clippe; see Cluppen.

Clippen, v. to clip, shear, S, C2, MD.—Icel. klippa.

Cliue, sb. cliff, S; see Clyffe.

Cliuen, v. to cleave, adhere, S; see Cleuen.

Cliuer, adj. eager, sharp, MD, SkD.

Cliuer, sb. claw, S; clivres, pl., S.—AS. clifer.

Clobbed, adj. like a club, rough, C2; clubbed, MD. See Clubbe.

Cloche, sb. claw, PP; cloke, HD; cluke, S3 (s.v. cat), JD; cleuck, JD; clokis, pl., H.

Clochen, v. to clutch, PP; clucchen, PP, HD, SkD; clouche, PP; clycchen, PP; clicche, PP.

Clocken, v. to limp, hobble, PP; clokke, PP.—OF. cloquer (clocher), to limp (Cotg.), also cloper: Prov. clopchar; Low Lat. *cloppicare, from cloppus; see Diez (P. 550).

Clodde; see Clot.

Clofenn; see Cleuen.

Cloister, sb. cloister, MD; cloistre, C3; cloystre, C; cloystyr, Prompt.—AF. cloister OF. cloistre (F. cloître). Cf. Clauster.

Cloisterer, sb. cloister-monk, C2.

Clom, sb. silence, S2; see Clum.

Clomben, pp. climbed, C; see Climben.

Clomsen, v. to be benumbed, stupified, PP, H. See Clum.

Clomstnes, sb. numbness, fixedness, H.

Cloos, adj. close, C3; clos, MD.—AF. clos, closed, pp. of clore; Lat. claudere.

Clos, sb. an enclosure, a locked-up place, MD; cloos, Prompt., S2; cloyss, S3.

Closen, v. to close, to enclose, MD.—From AF. clos, pp.; Lat. clausum. See Cloos.

Closter, sb. cloister, MD; see Clauster.

Closures, sb. pl. enclosures, fastenings, S3.

Closyngis, sb. pl. gates, W2.

Clot, sb. a clod, MD; clotte, Cath.; clodde, Prompt., Palsg., Manip.; clottes, pl., lumps, S2; clottis, W2. See Weigand (s.v. kloss).

Clote, sb. burdock, Voc., MD, Prompt., Alph.; cloote, MD.—AS. cláte.

Clote-bur, sb. burr of the burdock, C3.

Clote-leef, sb. leaf of the burdock, C3.

Cloteren, v. to clot, coagulate, Prompt.; cloderen, Prompt.; clothred, pp., C.

Cloth, sb. cloth, clothing, S, S2; cloþe, S2; cloþt, S2; clað, S; claðes, pl., S; cloðes, S.—AS. cláð.

Clothen, v. to clothe, S; claðen, S; cled, pt. s., S3; cloðeden, pl., S2; y-clothed, pp., PP; y-clad, C3; cled, S3.

Cloude, sb. a mass of rock, a hill, clod, S2, MD; clude, MD; clowdys, pl., MD (s.v. clot); cluddis, masses of cloud, S3; cloudis, H (Ps. 67. 37).—AS. clúd.

Clout, sb. clout, rag, W; clowt, C3; clutes, pl., S; cloutes, S2, S3, C3; clowtes, S2.—AS. clút (OET.).

Clouten, v. to patch, mend, S3; clouȝtand, pr. p., S2; clouted, pp., provided with an iron plate, S3.

Cloue, pp. split, W; see Cleuen.

Clowe, v. to scratch, P; see Clawen.

Clowe, sb. a clove, pink, Prompt.; clowes, pl., MD.—OF. clou, clo, a nail; Lat. clauum (acc.).

Clow-gilofre, sb. a clove-gilly-flower, C2; clowe-gylofres, pl., S2.—AF. cloue de gilofre. See Geraflour.

Clubbe, sb. club, MD; clobbe, MD.—Icel. klubba, klumba.

Clubbed, adj. club-shaped, rough, MD, Prompt.; clobbed, C2.

Clucche, v. to clutch, PP; see Clochen.

Cluddis, sb. pl. masses of cloud, S3; see Cloude.

Cluke; see Cloche.

Clum, sb. stillness, silence, MD, CM; Clom, S2.

Clumsen, v. to be benumbed, stupified, MD; clomsen, PP; clomsed, pp., set fast, H; clumst, H; clumsyd, ‘enervatus’, Cath.

Clumst-hede, sb. numbness, H.

Clupien, v. to call, S2; see Clepen.

Cluppen, v. to embrace, S, MD; clyppe, S2; clippe, S2, MD; cleppen, MD; clupte, pt. s., S.—AS. clyppan.

Cluster-loc, sb. enclosure, S.—AS. clúster-loc. See Clauster.

Clute; see Clout.

Cluvis, sb. pl. hoofs, S3; see Claw.

Clyffe, sb. cliff, MD; clyfe, MD; cliue, dat., S; cleoue, MD; cleo, S; cliues, pl., MD; cleues, MD.—AS. clif (OET), pl. cleofu, cliofu; see Grein, Sievers, 241.

Clymbare, sb. climber, S3.

Clymben, v. to climb, C2; see Climben.

Clyngen, v. to wither, to shrink, S2; see Clingen.

Cnawen, v. to know, S; see Knowen.

Cnawlechen, v. to acknowledge, MD.

Cnawlechunge, sb. acknowledgment, S.

Cnelinng, sb. kneeling, S.

Cneowe, sb. dat. knee, S; see Kne.

Cniht, sb. knight, S; see Kniȝt.

Cnotted, pp. knotted, S; i-knotted, S; see Knotte.

Cnouwe, sb. dat. knee, S; see Kne.

Cnowen, v. to know, S; pp., S2; see Knowen.

Co-arten, v. to compel, constrain, HD; coarted, pp., S3.—Lat. co-arctare, to constrain, compress.

Cocatrice, sb. a serpent (= Lat. basiliscus = Heb. pethen, an adder or cobra), W2; cocatryse, basiliscus, cocodrillus, Prompt.; kokatrice, MD; cockatrice, WW.—OF. cocatriz, crocodile: Sp. cocadriz, basilisk, cocatrice (Minsheu). Cp. Cokedrill.

Cocke, sb. in phr.: by cocke (a profane oath), S3, ND; by cock, Sh.; Cock’s passion, Sh.; Cox my passion, Sh.; by cock and pie, Sh., ND, SkD (s.v. pie); for cokkes bones, C3; for cocks body, ‘de par Dieu,’ Palsg.—Cp. Grimm, p. 15 (n.).

Cocow; see Cukkow.

Cod, sb. cod, pod, husk, MD; codde, Prompt., Palsg.; coddis, pl., W.—AS. codd, bag (Mark 6. 8).

Cod, sb. pillow, Cath., MD; coddis, pl., HD.—Icel. koddi, pillow.

Cof, adj. quick, MD; kof, MD; coue, MD; cofe, adv., S; cofer, comp., S.—AS. cáf; cp. Icel. á-kafr, vehement.

Coffes, sb. pl. cuffs, P; see Cuffe.

Cofin, sb. basket, MD; coffyn, W2; cofyne, paste, crust of a pie, MD; coffyns, pl., baskets, S2; cofyns, W; cofynes, W.—OF. cofin; Lat. cophinus (Vulg.); Gr. κόφινος (NT).

Cofre, sb. box, coffer, MD, C2, C3, P; cofer, S2; cofres, pl., S2.—AF. cofre; Lat. cophinum (acc.); see Brachet.

Cofren, v. to put into a coffer, S3.

Cog, sb. cog, tooth on the rim of a wheel, MD; kog, Voc.; cogge, dat., S.

Cognisaunce, sb. knowledge, MD; cognizance, that by which something is known, Sh.; conisantes, pl., badges, S3.—AF. conisaunce, knowledge, OF. cognoissance, from cognoissant, pr. p. of cognoistre; Lat. cognoscere.

Coife, sb. coif, cap, MD; coyfe, S3, Prompt., Palsg.—OF. coiffe; Low Lat. cofea. Cf. Cuffe.

Coint, adj. knowing, prudent, skilful, sly, neat, fine, quaint, MD; koynt, MD; quoynte, MD; queynte, MD, S3, C2; quaynte, MD; queynt, MD; quaynt, H.—OF. cointe, prudent, trim, friendly; Lat. cognitum.

Cointeliche, adv. skilfully, neatly, quaintly, MD; quoynteliche, MD; queyntelich, MD; queynteli, S3; queinteliche, S2; quaintelye, S2.

Cointise, sb. art, skill, cunning, MD; quointise, MD, S2; quantise, H; queyntise, MD, S3; quaintis, H.—OF. cointise.

Coite, sb. quoit; coyte, Prompt., Palsg., Manip.; coitis, pl., S3. Cp. the v. coit, JD; OF. coitier, to push, press (Bartsch).

Coiten, v. to play quoits, Prompt., Palsg.

Cok, sb. cook, S2; cokes, pl., C3, PP; kokes, PP.—AS. cóc; Lat. coquus, from coquere, to cook.

Cokedrill, sb. crocodile, HD, MD; cocadrylle, Voc.; cokodrilles, pl., HD; cocodrilly, Trev. 1. 131, MD.—Low Lat. cocodrillus; cp. It. cocodrillo, a crocodile (Florio), Sp. cocodrillo, a serpent, crocodile (Minsheu); Lat. crocodilus; Gr. κροκόδειλος. Cf. Cocatrice.

Cokeney, sb. cook’s assistant, scullion, undercook, petted child, cockney, MD, PP, S2; cocknaie, MD; coknay, Prompt., Cath.; cokenay, CM; cocknaye, Palsg. (s.v. bring); cockney, Sh.; kokeney, PP; coknayes, pl., S3.

Coker, sb. quiver, also a kind of half-boots or gaiters, MD; koker, MD; cocur, Prompt. (see n.); cokeres, pl., PP; cockers, HD, ND.—AS. cocer, a quiver.

Coket, sb. a seal with which bread sold in London was stamped by a public officer, Ducange; cocket, Cath. (n.); certificate, S3, ND.

Coket, sb. a kind of fine bread stamped, PP, S2. Cp. Low Lat. panis de coket, see Ducange (s.v. coket). See above.

Cokewold, sb. cuckold, CM; kokewolde, P; kukwald, Voc.; cockewold, MD; kukeweld, MD; cokolde, MD, SkD.—Cp. Prov. cugol; Lat. cuculum, cuckoo. See Cukkow.

Col-, prefix, expressing depreciation, contempt. Comb.:—col-fox, a crafty fox, C; col-knif, a big knife, MD; col-prophet, false prophet, ND; cold-prophet, ND; cole-prophet, ND; colle-tragetour, false juggler, CM (5. 248. 187).

Cold, adj. cold, PP; chald, S; kald, S; cald, S2, MD; kold, S; chold, S; cheld, S2; cold, evil, G.—AS. ceald, cald: Goth. kalds from OTeut. *kalan, to freeze, cp. Icel. kala (pt. kól, pp. kalinn).

Colde, v. to grow cold, C3, MD.—AS. cealdian.

Cole, sb. cabbage, cale, kail, Voc., MD; cool, MD; kale, MD, H.—AS. cole (OET); cp. Icel. kál; Lat. caulis, stalk, cabbage; see Weigand (s.v. kohl).

Cole, sb. charcoal, coal, S, S2; coole, MD; coylle, MD; coles, pl., C2, C3; coolis, W; koles, S2.—AS. col (OET).

Cole, adj. cool, somewhat cold, Prompt., MD.—AS. cól; cp. OHG. kuali (Otfrid).

Colen, v. to cool, MD, Prompt., G, H.—AS. cólian; cp. OHG. kualen (Otfrid).

Coler, sb. collar, MD; coller, torques, Prompt.; colers, pl., P.—OF. coler (F. collier); Lat. collare, from collum, neck.

Colere, sb. anger, C, MD.—OF. colere; Lat. cholera; Gr. χολέρα, an affection of the bile.

Colerik, adj. choleric, passionate, C2, MD; coleryke, Cath.—Lat. cholericus, having one’s bile affected; Gr. χολερικός, from χολή, gall.

Coles, sb. pl. (?); in phr.: swearing precious coles, S3.

Collacioun, sb. conference, CM.—OF. collacion, discourse, harangue; Lat. collationem, a bringing together, conferring.

Collen, v. to embrace, W2, MD; kollen, S2. Der.: collyngis, sb. pl., W2.—Cp. OF. collée, a neck-embracement (Cotg.). See Coler.

Collerie, sb. eye-salve, W; colirie, MD; colorye, HD.—Lat. collyrium; Gr. κολλύριον.

Colloppe, sb. a slice of flesh, carbonella, Prompt., MD, Palsg.; collop, Cath., Cotg. (s.v. riblette); colope, Voc.; colop, Cath. (n.); coloppe, PP; colhoppe, PP, Voc.; collip, Manip.; colopus, pl., PP, S2.

Colour, sb. colour, pretext, S3, C2; colur, S, MD.—AF. colur; Lat. colorem.

Col-plontes, sb. pl. cabbages, PP, S2; kole-plantes, PP; cale-plantes, PP. See Cole.

Coltre; see Culter.

Columbine, sb. columbine (flower), Alph., MD, Sh.; columbyne, Voc., Prompt.; columby, S3.—OF. columbine; Late Lat. columbina.

Colvyr; see Culuer.

Colwie, adj. grimy, S.

Colwyd, pp. carbonatus, Prompt. See Cole.

Comaunde, v. to command, PP, C; comanden, MD; comaundet, pt. s., S2; comande, S2, MD; cumand, S2.—OF. comander, commander; Late Lat. commendare, to order. Cf. Comenden.

Comaundement, sb. commandment, C, PP; comandement, C2.

Comaundour, sb. commander, C3, PP; comandour, S2.—OF. commandeor; Late Lat. commendatorem.

Combe, sb. comb for hair, comb of a bird, Prompt., Voc.; komb, MD.—AS. camb.

Combren, v. to encumber, overwhelm, MD, S3; comeren, S3; combrez, pr. s., S2; cumrit, pt. s., S2; cummerit, S3; cumbred, pp., S2.—OF. combrer to hinder, from combre, a heap, see Ducange (s.v. cumbra); Lat. cumulum (acc.).

Combre-world, sb. cumberer of the world, S3.

Combust, pp. burnt, MD, C3.—Lat. combustus, pp. of comburere, to burn.

Come, sb. a coming, S, S2, C3; kume, S; kime, S; cume, S; comes, pl., S.—AS. cyme.

Comelyng, sb. stranger, W, W2; kumeling, MD; comling, W; comlyng, S2; comelingis, pl., W; cumlyngis, H.

Comen, v. to come, S; cumen, S; kumen, S; cum, S2; com, S2; cuminde, pr. p., S; comynde, S2; cominde, S2; comste, comest thou, S2; comþ, pr. s., S2; com, pt. s., S, S2, G; cam, S, G, P; kam, S; come, 2 pt. s., S, G; coman, pt. pl., S; coomen, C2; comen, MD, S, G; come, S2; i-cumen, pp., S; i-kumen, S; i-cume, S; i-comen, S; i-come, S, S2; comen, S2, S3, G; come, S2.—AS. cuman; cp. Goth. kwiman.

Comenden, v. to commend, C2, PP; commended, pp., PP.—Lat. commendare. Cf. Comaunde.

Comers, sb. pl., strangers, visitors, passers-by, S2, PP; comeres, PP.

Commoditie, sb. advantage, profit, S3, ND, Sh.—OF. commodité (Cotg.); Lat. commoditatem.

Comp, sb. contest, S; see Camp.

Compainoun, sb. companion, MD.—OF. compagnon; Late Lat. companionem.

Companable, adj. sociable, PP, C; companabile, H.—OF. compaignable (Cotg.).

Companie, sb. company, MD, C2; compaynye, S; compainie, S2.—OF. companie, from compain, an associate at meals; from Lat. cum + panis, bread.

Comparisoun, sb. comparison, MD, C2.—OF. comparison; Late Lat. comparationem.

Comparisounen, v. to compare, MD, W (Mark 4. 30), S2.

Compas, sb. circle, circuit, device, craft, MD, C3, G; compaas, C; compasse, S3; cumpas, W2.—OF. compas; Late Lat. compassum (acc.).

Compassen, v. to go round, to devise, contrive, MD; cumpas, W2; conpassed, pp., S3.—AF. compasser.

Compassyng, sb. craft, contrivance, C.

Compeir, v. to appear, S3.—OF. comper-, tonic stem of compareir; Lat. comparere.

Comper, sb. compeer, comrade, C, S2; compere, Prompt.; cumpers, pl., MD.—Of OF. origin; Lat. comparem, (acc.).

Complie, sb. the last church-service of the day, compline, MD; cumplie, S, MD.—OF. complie; Church Lat. completa (hora).

Compline, sb. compline, MD; complyn, MD; cumplyne, completorium, Prompt. See above.

Composicion, sb. arrangement, agreement, C, C2.—AF. composicion; Lat. compositionem.

Comptroller; see Controller.

Comsen, v. to commence, S2, PP, MD; cumsen, S2, PP.—OF. comencer; Lat. com + initiare.

Comune, adj. common, PP; comun, MD; comyn, MD; comen, S2.—AF. commun; Lat. communem (acc.).

Comune, sb. the commons, commonalty, PP; commune, C2; comunes, pl., PP; comyns, S2, PP.

Comunlych, adv. commonly, S2; comunliche, PP; comunly, C2.

Comyn, sb. cummin, C2, MD, Prompt.; cummyn, W.—OF. comin; Lat. cyminum (Vulg.); Gr. κύμινον.

Comynalte, sb. community, W2.—AF. communalte; OF. communaulte; Late Lat. *communalitatem, from communalis.

Comyne, v. to commune, W, W2; commune, C3.—OF. communier; Lat. communicare.

Comynere, sb. participator, W.

Comynte, sb. community, W2; comunete, PP.—Lat. communitatem.

Con, pr. s. can, know, S. Phr.: con-þonk, thanks, S; see Kunnen.

Conabill, adj. suitable, convenient, B.—OF. covenable, convenable; Late Lat. convenabilem.

Conand, sb. covenant, B; Connand, B; Cunnand, B.—OF. convenant, agreeing, befitting, also, a covenant, pr. p. of convenir; Lat. convenire. See Couenaunt.

Conandly, adv. befittingly, S3.

Conceipt, sb. imagination, fancy, idea, MD, S3; conceit, C3; conceits, pl., fantastic patterns, S3.

Conceiven, v. to comprise, to conceive, to imagine, MD; conceyue, PP.—OF. concevoir; Lat. concipere.

Conduit, sb. guidance, a conduit, MD; condut, MD; condite, MD; conduyte, S3; cundyth, Voc.; condeth, MD; kundites, pl., S3.—OF. conduit (Bartsch); Lat. conductum, from conducere.

Confessen, v. to confess, to receive a confession, MD.—AF. confesser; from Lat. confessus, pp. of conefiteor.

Confessor, sb. a confessor of Christianity before the heathen, a hearer of confessions, MD, S; cunfessurs, pl., S.—AF. confessor; Church Lat. confessorem.

Confiture, sb. an apothecary’s mixture, C3.—OF. confiture (Cotg.); Late Lat. confectura.

Confort, sb. comfort, C3, C, PP.—AF. confort.

Conforten, v. to strengthen, comfort, MD, C, P; counforte, S2, PP.—AF. conforter; Late Lat. confortare; Lat. con + fortis, strong.

Confounden, v. to bring to confusion, C3; confoundet, pp., PP.—AF. confoundre; Lat. confundere.

Confus, pp. put to confusion, C3, C, PP.—AF. confus, pp.; Lat. confusum.

Congie, v. to bid farewell to, dismiss, get rid of, PP; congeye, PP, MD; cunge, PP.—OF. congier, to dismiss, from congié, cumgiet; Late Lat. commiatum, Lat. commeatum, permission to go.

Conisantes, sb. pl. badges, S3; see Cognisaunce.

Conjecten, v. to guess, suppose, MD, S3.—Lat. conjectare.

Coniectere, sb. diviner, W2.

Conjoignen, v. to conjoin, MD; coniunit, pp., S3.—From OF. conjoignant, pr. p. of conjoindre; Lat. conjungere.

Con-ioyninge, sb. conjoining, C3.

Conne, v. to know, to be able, S2, S3; see Kunnen.

Conne, v. to test, examine, con, C2, P; kun, H; cunnien, SkD.—AS. cunnian, to try to know.

Conning, sb. science, skill, C2, C3; konning, C2; coninge, S2; kunnyng, W.

Conning, adj. skilful, C2.

Conningly, adv. skilfully, C2.

Conrey, sb. division of troops, also provision, MD; conrai, S2.—OF. cunrei (conroi), equipage, arrangement, a division of troops (Bartsch); It. corredo, equipage, paraphernalia (Florio); Low Lat. corredium, conredium, equipage, provision, entertainment (Ducange); con + redium, a word of Teut. origin.

Conseil, sb. counsel, S, S2, C2; counseil, G, C; consail, PP.—OF. conseil; Lat. consilium.

Conseili, v. to advise, S2; conseille, PP.—OF. conseillier.

Constable, sb. constable, warden, officer, C3, PP; conestable, MD; cunstable, PP; cunestable, S.—OF. conestable; Late Lat. comes stabuli, see Brachet.

Constablesse, sb. constable’s wife, S2, C3.

Constance, sb. constancy, C2, MD.—OF. constance (Cotg.); Lat. constantia.

Constorie, sb. an ecclesiastical court, PP, S2; consistorie, PP, CM.—Church Lat. consistorium, a place of assembly, from Lat. consistere, to stand together.

Contek, sb. strife, contention, C, G, H, MD, CM; contumely, MD; contak, MD; conteke, HD; conteck, HD, ND; contakt, HD.—AF. contek.

Conteken, v. to strive, MD.

Contekour, sb. one who quarrels, HD.

Contenance, sb. look, gesture, outward appearance, encouragement, favour, MD, S2, C2; contenaunce, PP, C3; cuntenaunce, S2; countenance, S3; continaunce, G.—OF. contenance; Late Lat. continentia, mien.

Contesse; see Countesse.

Contrarie, adj. contrary, C2, C3.—AF. contrarie (OF. contraire); Lat. contrarium.

Contrarien, v. to oppose, C2.—OF. contrarier; Late Lat. contrariare.

Contree, sb. country, MD, C2, C3; contre, MD, C; contreie, S2; contreye, S2; cuntre, S2, MD, C; contrai, S2, MD.—OF. contree (AF. cuntree), Prov. contrada; Late Lat. contrata, from Lat. contra, see SkD.

Control, sb. restrictive authority, Sh.—OF. contre-rôle, contre-rolle, a duplicate roll, used for verification, see Brachet, Cotg. (s.v. controlle).

Control, v. to restrain, check, Sh.

Controller, sb. superintendent, overseer of accounts, Sh.; comptroller, S3.

Controven, v. to contrive, MD, PP; controeven, MD, S2; contreven, PP; contriven, MD.—AF. controver; con + OF. trover, to find, compose poetry; Low Lat. tropare, from tropus, a song, lit. a trope, turn of speech; Gr. τρόπος, a turn.

Conventiculis, sb. pl. assemblies, W2.

Conveyen, v. to accompany, also to bring, MD.—AF. cunveier; Late Lat. conviare, to accompany.

Conyng, sb. cony, rabbit, MD, S2, S3, P; konyng, S; cunin, S; conig, MD, HD; cony, Prompt., HD; conies, pl., S3.—AF. conyng, conyn, conil (pl. conis); Lat. cuniculum (acc.).

Conyngere, sb. rabbit-warren, MD, HD; connyngere, Prompt.

Coosted, pt. pl. went past, S3; see Costey.

Coostez, sb. pl. properties, qualities, S2; see Cost.

Coote; see Cote.

Cop, sb. top, head, MD, S2, C, W, W2; coppe, dat., MD, W2; coppis, pl., W2.

Cope, sb. cape, cope, Voc., S2, C; kope, S; coope, Prompt., MD; copis, pl., P.—Cp. Icel. kápa; Late Lat. cāpa, cappa.

Copen, v. to cover with a cope, provide with a cope, PP, S2; i-copet, pp., S2.

Copen, v. to barter, to meet, to have to do with, to encounter, S3, Sh.—Cp. Du. koopen, to buy.

Coper, sb. copper, C3, MD; copyr, Voc., Prompt.; copper, MD.—Du. koper; Late Lat. cuper, cuprum, for Lat. cyprium (aes); from Cyprus; Gr. Κύπρος.

Coppe, sb. cup, S2, P; see Cuppe.

Corage, sb. heart, spirit, MD, C, C2.—AF. corage.

Corageus, adj. courageous, S2, MD; corageous, C2.—OF. corageus.

Coral, sb. coral, MD; coralle, Prompt.; corall, Palsg., Manip.; curall, S3.—OF. coral; Lat. corallum, corallium; Gr. κοράλλιον.

Corasiue, sb. a corrosive, S3; see Corosif.

Coraye, v. to curry a horse, MD; see Curry.

Corbel, sb. raven, MD; corbyal, S2; corby, S3.—OF. corbel (F. corbeau); Late Lat. corvellum (acc.), from Lat. coruus.

Cordewane, sb. Spanish leather, C2; cordewan, MD; cordewayne, Voc.; cordwane, Prompt.; corduane, Voc.; corden, MD.—OF. cordouan, corduan, Prov. cordoan, Sp. cordován, cordovan leather (Minsheu), from Cordova, name of a town in Andalusia.

Cordwaner, sb. a worker in leather, Prompt.; cordwainer, SkD.—AF. cordewaner. See above.

Core, sb. the heart, central part of fruit, Prompt., MD.—OF. cor; Lat. cor.

Coriour, sb. currier, W; curiour, W. See Curry.

Corn, sb. a grain, corn, MD, S, C3; coren, S; cornys, gen., S3; corns, pl., S2; cornes, S2, PP, C2, W.—AS. corn, Goth. kaurn; cp. Lat. grānum; see Brugmann, § 306.

Corny, adj. strong of the corn or malt (applied to ale), C3.

Corone, sb. crown, MD, C2, C3; coroune, MD, C2; corowne, C; corune, MD; croune, S; the tonsure, G; crune, S; krune, S; crun, S; crounis, pl., S3.—AF. corone (coroune) Lat. corona.

Coronen, v. to crown, MD; corounen, S2, C2; crouni, MD, S2; y-corouned, pp., S2; y-crouned, S3; y-coroned, PP; i-kruned, S; cruned, S.—OF. coroner (coruner).

Corosif, adj. corrosive, C3; corrosive, sb., a corrosive, a caustic, ND; corsive, ND; corasiue, S3; corsye, S2; corzie, ND.—OF. corrosif, biting away.

Corour, sb. runner, W2; see Currour.

Cors, sb. curse, S3, G; see Curs.

Cors, sb. a body, a dead body, MD, S, C2, C3, PP; corps, S3, C2; corpis, S3.—AF. cors, corps; Lat. corpus.

Cors, sb. course, S2; see Cours.

Corsaint, sb. the body of a saint, a relic, MD; corseynt, S2; corseint, CM, PP.—AF. corsaint; Lat. corpus sanctum.

Corser, sb. horsedealer, MD, S3, HD; see Courser.

Corsing, sb. exchange, barter, S2; horse-dealing, HD.

Corsye, sb. a corrosive, S2; see Corosif.

Cort, sb. court, MD; see Court.

Corteis, adj. courteous, S2; corteys, S2; curteis, S3, C.—AF. curteis; Late Lat. cortensem, curtensem.

Corteisliche, adv. courteously, PP; curteisly, C2.

Cortesye, sb. courtesy, PP; curteysy, S2; curteisie, S2, C2, C3.—AF. curteisie.

Corumpable, adj. corruptible, C.

Corumpen, v. to corrupt, MD; corrumpen, C.—OF. corrumpre; Lat. corrumpere.

Corupcions, sb. pl. sores, illnesses, PP.

Coruen, pp. carved, S3, C; see Keruen.

Cos, sb. kiss, S, W, W2; see Cus.

Cosan, pp. chosen, S; see Chesen.

Cosset, sb. a lamb brought up without her dam, S3, ND.

Cosshe, sb. a little house, Prompt., Palsg.

Cost, sb. rib, side of a human body, shore, coast, MD, S2; coste, C2; costes, pl., S2, P.—AF. coste; Lat. costa.

Cost, sb. nature, property, condition, manner, MD; costez, pl., properties, S2; coostez, S2. Cf. Cust.

Costage, sb. expense, C2, HD.—OF. costage. See Costen.

Costard, sb. a kind of apple, Prompt., ND; humorous expression for the head, Sh., ND; costarde, S3; costard, a cap, ND. It probably means the ‘ribbed apple.’—OF. coste + ard, see SkD (p. 796).

Costard-jagger, sb. costermonger, ND.

Costard-monger, sb. seller of apples, costermonger, SkD; costard-mongar, Palsg.; costerd-monger, SkD; costar-monger, ND.

Coste, sb. cost, P; coust, MD; cost, C2.—AF. cust, coust.

Costen, v. to cost, MD; coste, pt. s., C2; costed, P; costed, pp., P.—OF. coster (couster); Lat. constare.

Costey, v. to coast, also to come near, approach, MD; coosted, pt. pl. went past, S3.—OF. costoier (F. côtoyer). See Cost.

Costlewe, adj. costly, CM, MD; costelewe, Prompt. See -lewe.

Cosyn, sb. cousin, C, PP; cosin, S, S2; cusyng, S3; cosyns, pl. kinsmen, W; cousyns, W.—AF. cosin (cousyn); cp. Late Lat. cosinus (Brachet); Lat. consobrinus.

Cosynage, sb. kindred, fellowship, H; cusynage, H.

Cote, sb. cottage, S, Voc., C, C2; cotes, pl. sheep-cotes, S3; coates, S3.—AS. cot, also cyte (Grein); cf. OHG. cutti, ‘grex’ (Tatian).

Cote, sb. garment, coat, S2, PP, S3, C2, C; coote, C, W.—AF. cote, OF. cotte, PS. 21. 18; MHG. kotte, kutte.

Cote-armure, sb. coat-armour, linen coat with armorial bearings worn over armour, body-armour, S3, C2, C.

Coten, v. to provide with coats, S2; cotyd, pp. clothed, S3.

Couche, sb. chamber, W.

Couchen, v. to lay, place together, to lie down, MD, S2, C2, C3; cowchyn, Prompt.; cowchen, C.—AF. cucher, cocher, OF. colcher; Lat. collocare.

Coude, pt. s. could, S2. See Kunnen.

Counforte, v. to comfort, S2, PP. See Conforten.

Counte, sb. county, shire, P, MD; countee, MD, PP.—AF. counte; Late Lat. comitatum.

Countesse, sb. countess, C2; contesse, S2; cuntesse, S.—AF. contesse, from OF. conte, comte; Late Lat. comitem, a count (a court dignity), in Lat. a companion.

Countrefete, v. to counterfeit, C, C2; contrefete, MD; counterfeted, pp., C3.—From OF. contrefet, contrefeit, pp. of contrefeire, contrefaire; Lat. contra + facere.

Countre-taille, sb. correspondence (of sound); in phr.: at the countretaille, with corresponding sound, C2.—OF. contretaille, the one part of a tally, the counter-tenor part in music (Cotg.).

Countryng, sb. countering in music, S3; the plain chant, S3 (n).—See S3 (p. 453).

Coupable, adj. culpable, PP; cupabil, H.—OF. coupable.

Coupe, sb. fault, PP; culpe, PP, ND.—OF. coupe, colpe; Lat. culpa.

Coupe, sb. cup, S2; cupe, S.—AF. cupe; Lat. cupa. Cf. Cuppe.

Courben, v. to bend, MD; courbed, pt. s., P.—OF. courber; Lat. curuare.

Courche, sb. kerchief, S3; see Couerchief.

Cours, sb. running, course, MD, C2, C3; cors, S2.—AF. cours; Lat. cursum (acc.).

Courser, sb. a steed, MD, C2; coursour, MD; cowrcer, Prompt.—OF. coursier; Late Lat. cursarium (acc.).

Courser, sb. horse-dealer, Palsg.; corser, MD, S3 (s.v. horse); scorser, ND.

Court, sb. court, enclosure, yard, PP, MD; curt, S; kurt, S; cort, MD; courte, PP.—AF. curt; Late Lat. cortem; Lat. cohortem, an enclosure.

Courteislich, adv. courteously, PP; see Corteisliche.

Courte-py, sb. short coat or cloak, PP, S2, C; cowrteby, Voc.; kourteby, P; courte-pies, pl., PP; court-pies, PP.—Cp. Du. kort, short + pije, rough coat; cp. E. pea in pea-jacket.

Couthe, v. to make known, PP; see Kythen.

Couthe, pt. s. could, knew, S, S2, S3; pp., S2; couth, C2; see Kunnen.

Couthe, sb. kith, PP; see Kyth.

Coue, sb. den, S2.—ONorth. cófa, ‘spelunca’ (John II.38).

Coveiten, v. to covet, MD, PP; coueitiden, pt. pl., W2.—AF. coveiter, OF. cuveitier; Late Lat. *cupiditare. See Constans.

Coveitise, sb. greed, avarice, PP; coueityse, C3; couetise, PP; couetyse, S2, S3; coueitisis, pl., W.—OF. coveitise.

Coveitous, adj. covetous, MD; coueytous, S2; couetous, S2.—OF. coveitus, AF. cuveitus; Late Lat. *cupiditosum.

Couenable, adj. proper, fit, agreeing, W, MD, S2, H; cuuenable, S; conabill, H; conable, Prompt.; cunabil, H.—AF. cuvenable; Late Lat. convenabilem.

Couenaunt, sb. a covenant, PP; couenant, PP; covand, MD; conant, MD.—AF. covenant, OF. convenant, pr. p. of convenir, to agree; Lat. conuenire.

Couent, sb. an assembly, a convent, MD, PP, C2, C3; couant, PP.—OF. covent, convent; Church Lat. conventus, from Lat. conuenire, to come together.

Couerchief, sb. kerchief, MD; keuerchief, MD; kerchef, C3; kyrchefe, Prompt.; courchef, HD; courche, S3; kerche, Prompt.—OF. couvre-chef, covering for the head (Cotg.).

Coueren, v. to cover, MD, C2; keueren, MD, S3, P, W; kuueren, MD; kyueren, MD, W.—AF. covrir; Lat. cooperire.

Coveren, v. to gain, to heal, to recover one’s health, MD, S2, W; keueren, MD, CM, PP; kuueren, MD, S2; keuord, pt. s., H.—OF. covrer, (in recovrer) coubrer, to seize (Bartsch); Lat. -cuperare (in recuperare); cp. Late Lat. cuperamentum, acquisition (Ducange).

Couert, adj. and sb. covert, hidden, a covert, MD; cowart, S3.—OF. covert, pp. of covrir.

Couerture, sb. bed-clothes, horse-cover, covering, MD, S; kuuertur, S.—OF. coverture.

Couine, sb. conspiracy, craft, deceit, trickery, S3, MD, HD; covyne, C; covin, MD, ND; coven, ND.—AF. covine, from OF. covenir, convenir; Lat. conuenire.

Cow, sb. cow, MD, Voc.; ku, S, MD, Voc.; cou, MD; kues, gen. s., S; ky, pl., MD, S3; kie, MD; kye, H; kyn, MD, S2, C; kyne, S3, P; kyȝn, S2; kyen, PP; kien, W2; ken, MD, S2, PP.—AS. cú, pl. cý (gen. cúna).

Coward, adj. and sb. cowardly, a coward, MD, C2.—AF. coward, cuard, cp. the heraldic term lion couard, a lion with his tail between his legs, and the name for the hare in the old terms of hunting ‘la cowarde ou la court cowe,’ i.e. short-tail.—Formed with the suffix -ard from OF. coe, tail; Lat. cauda. Cp. It. codardo, from coda, a tail.

Cowardie, sb. cowardice, C; cowardy, MD.—OF. couardie.

Cowart, sb. covert, S3; see Couert.

Cowde, Cowthe, pt. s. could, knew, G; see Kunnen.

Cowschet, sb. cushat, wood-pigeon, S3; cowscott, Voc.; cowshot, SkD.—AS. cúsceote (Voc.), cúscute (OET.).

Coy, adj. still, quiet, MD, C, C2; sober, modestus, Prompt.—AF. coy, quiet, OF. coi, Ps. 77. 13, also coit; Lat. quietum.

Crabbe, sb. crab, S, Voc., Prompt.; also (in building) an arch, fornix, cancer, MD.—AS. crabba; cp. AF. crabbe.

Crabbed, adj. shrewish, cross, bitter, C2, Palsg., MD, PP; crabbyd, ‘awke or wrawe, cancerinus’ Prompt.

Cracchen, v. to scratch, MD, PP, C; crechen, S; cark, JD.

Craft, sb. might, power, ability, art, craft, deceit, MD, S, S2, C2; creft, MD; craftes, pl. trades, P.—AS. cræft; cp. OHG. kraft (Otfrid).

Crafti, adj. skilful, sly, MD, S2; crafty, C, P; crefti, S.

Crafti-man, sb. artificer, W.

Crage, sb. the neck, throat, S3, JD; crawe, the craw of fowls, Prompt., MD.—Cp. Du. kraag, neck, collar.

Crak, sb. a thunder-peal, MD. Phr.: crakkis of wer, cannon, B.

Craken, v. to crack (like thunder), to cry out, to chatter, to break with a noise, MD, PP; crakede, pt. s., S.—AS. cracian.

Crammasyn, sb. and adj. crimson, S3; see Crimosine.

Crammen, v. to cram, stuff, MD; crommen, MD; cremmyn, Prompt.; i-crommet, pp., S2.—AS. crammian.

Crampe, sb. the cramp, Voc., Prompt., PP; craumpe, CM.—OF. crampe (Cotg.); ODu. krampe.

Crane, sb. crane (bird), MD, Voc.; kranes, pl., MD; crennis, S3; cronez, MD.—AS. cran (Voc.).

Crasen, v. to break, MD; crased, pp., S3, C3; crasid, PP. Cp. Swed. krasa, to break in pieces.

Cratche, sb. manger, W, W2; cratch, HD, Cotg. (s.v. creiche); cracche, Voc., Prompt.; crecche, MD.—OF. creche: Prov. crepcha, crepia; OHG. crippea (Tatian). Cf. Cribbe.

Crauen, v. to crave, beg earnestly, S, MD, to prosecute, accuse, MD.—AS. crafian, ‘petere, postulare’; cp. Low Lat. cravare, in judicium mittere (also written gravare), see Schmid, Ducange.

Crawand, pr. p. crowing, S3; see Crowen.

Creat, pp. created, MD.—Lat. creatus, pp. of creare.

Creatour, sb. Creator, C3.—OF. creatour; Lat. creatorem.

Creature, sb. creature, MD; creatour, MD; creator, S2.—OF. creature; Lat. creatura.

Creaunce, sb. belief, MD, C3; creance, S2, C3.—OF. crëance, credence; Late Lat. credentia.

Creauncen, v. to borrow, MD.

Creaunt, pr. p. and adj. submitting as conquered, MD, PP; in phr.: cry ‘creaunt,’ MD.—OF. crëant; Lat. credentem.

Crechen, v. to scratch, S; see Cracchen.

Crede, sb. the Creed, S, C3, PP; credo, S, PP.—Lat. credo, I believe.

Credensynge, sb. believing, S3.

Crefti, adj. crafty, S; see Crafti.

Creme, sb. the sacred oil used in anointing, chrism, Voc., HD, MD; cream, HD; creame, Palsg.; creyme, S2, Voc.; Phr.: hille of creme, i.e. the Mount of Olives, MD.—OF. cresme; Church Lat. chrisma; Gr. χρίσμα. Cf. Crisme.

Cremelen, v. to anoint with oil or fat, MD; y-crymyled, pp., PP; kremelyd, MD; crymailed, PP.—OF. cresmeler, to anoint with holy oil.

Crempe, v. to draw in, S. Cf. G. krämpfen. See Crampe.

Crennis, sb. pl. cranes, S3; see Crane.

Crepen, v. to creep, S, C2; crope, MD; creap, pt. s., MD; crep, MD; crope, MD; 2 pt. s., P; crupen, pl., MD; crepte, pt. s. (weak), MD; cropen, pp., MD.—AS. créopan, pt. créap (pl. crupon), pp. cropen.

Creste, sb. crest (of bird, helmet), summit, MD, Prompt.; creistis, pl., S3.—OF. creste; Lat. crista.

Cresten, adj. Christian, S2; see Cristen.

Creyme, sb. the sacred oil, S2; see Creme.

Cribbe, sb. crib, manger; crib, MD; crybbe, Prompt.; cribbe, S, MD. Cp. OHG. crippea (Tatian).

Crike, sb. creek, MD; krike, MD, S; cryke, C, Prompt.—Icel. kriki.

Crimosine, sb. and adj. crimson, S3; crimosin, SkD; crammasyn, S3.—OF. cramoisin (cramoisi); Low Lat. carmesinum; from Pers. qirmisi, crimson; from Skt. krmi, a worm, insect, (i.e. the cochineal insect).

Crisme, sb. consecrated oil for anointing, MD; crysme, oil, Prompt.—Church Lat. chrisma, sacred oil; Gr. χρίσμα Cf. Creme.

Crisme-child, sb. the child anointed at baptism, MD.

Crisme-cloð, sb. the chrisom, the cloth tied round the head of the anointed child, S. Cp. Church Lat. chrismalis pannus.

Crisome, sb. the chrisom-cloth, crismale, Voc.; crysome, Palsg.; crisom, Cotg. (s.v. cresmeau).

Crist, adj. and sb. anointed, Christ, MD, S2, W, W2.—Lat. Christus; Gr. χριστός, anointed.

Cristen, adj. and sb. Christian, S, C2, C3; christen, S, S2; cresten, S2.—Lat. Christianus.

Cristendom, sb. Christianity, S, S2, C3; crystendom, S2.—AS. cristendóm.

Cristenly, adv. in a Christian manner, C3.

Cristes-messe, sb. Christmas, MD; Cristemasse, C2.

Cristiente, sb. Christendom, MD; cristiante, S3; cristianytee, S2, C3.—OF. crestiente, cristientet; Church Lat. Christianitatem.

Cristnien, v. to make Christian, to baptize, MD, S2; i-cristned, pp., S2; y-cristned, pp., S2; cristned, C3.—AS. cristnian.

Critouns, sb. pl. refuse of the frying-pan, W2.—OF. cretons (Cotg.).

Crochette, sb. a small hook, crotchet (in music), MD; crochettes, pl. crockets, S3.—OF. crochet (Bartsch).

Croft, sb. field, enclosure, PP, S2, MD.—AS. croft; cp. ODu. crocht, a field on the downs.

Croh, sb. a crock, waterpot, MD; cróós, pl., S.

Crois, sb. cross, PP, S, S3; croys, PP, S2, C2, C3; croiz, MD; croice, MD, S2.—OF. crois, croiz; Lat. crŭcem, see Brachet. Cf. Crouche, Cros.

Crok, sb. a hook, curl, a crooked way, wile, deceit, MD, Voc.; crokes, pl., S; crocks, HD. Phr.: went on croke, went astray, H.—Icel. krókr.

Croken, v. to bend, to curl hair, to turn aside, MD, W2; crokid, pp. curved, W2; i-croked, S.

Croket, sb. curl, MD, HD.

Crokke, sb. crock, pot, S2, PP; crocke, S, Voc.—AS. crocca.

Crom-bolle, sb. crumb-bowl, S3.

Cromme, sb. crumb, C3; crumme, MD; crume, MD; crome, MD; crowm, Voc.—AS. cruma.

Crommen, v. to cram, MD, S2; see Crammen.

Crone, sb. an old hag, S2, MD, C3; crony, SkD. Cp. ODu. kronie, karonie, an old sheep; Picard carone = F. charogne, see SkD (p. 797). See Caroigne.

Cronicle, sb. chronicle, MD.—OF. cronique. For the intrusive l cp. manciple, participle, principle, syllable, canticle, treacle, cardiacle.

Cronique, sb. chronicle, S2; chronique, C.—OF. cronique; Late Lat. chronica; Gr. χρονικά, annals.

Croos, sb. pl. water-pots, S; see Croh.

Crop, sb. top, upper part of a tree, crop of corn, Voc., PP, S2; croppe, Prompt., Palsg.; croppes, pl., young shoots, C; croppis, S3.—AS. crop.

Crope, 2 pt. s. didst creep, P; cropen, pp., MD; see Crepen.

Crope, sb. crupper, HD; croupe, CM, SkD.—OF. crope (F. croupe).

Croper, sb. crupper, the hinder part of a horse, C3.—OF. croupiere (Cotg.).

Cropiers, sb. pl. the housings on a horse’s back, HD.

Cropone, sb. the buttock, HD.—AF. cropoun.

Cros, sb. cross, PP, MD; crosse, P, MD.—ONorse, cros (cors); cp. Ir. cros, Prov. cros. Cf. Crois.

Crosselet, sb. a small crucible, C3; croslet, C3. See SkD (s.v. crucible).

Crouche, sb. the cross of Christ, crucifix, sign or representation of the cross, MD, PP, HD; cruche, PP; crowch, S.—Cp. OHG. crûci (krûzi) in Otfrid; Lat. cruci- (stem of crux). Cf. Crois.

Crouchen, v. to sign with the cross, MD; cruchen, MD; crowche, MD; crouched, pt. s., MD.

Croud, Croude, sb. a musical instrument (stringed), H, W; see Crowde.

Crouken, v. to croak, S2; crowken, Prompt.; croak, Sh.

Crouken, v. to bend down, S3, MD; see Croken.

Croune, sb. crown, the tonsure, S, G; see Corone.

Crouni; see Coronen.

Crouning, sb. crowning, S2; the tonsure, P. See above.

Crowch, sb. cross, S; see Crouche.

Crowd, v. to coo as a dove, S3; croud, JD.

Crowde, sb. a musical instrument (stringed), Prompt., Cath., Voc.; crouthe, MD; croud, H; croude (= chorus), W, H; crowd, ND; crouth, MD.—Wel. crwth, a fiddle: Ir. cruit: OIr. crot; cp. Low Lat. chrotta (Ducange). Cf. Rote.

Crowde, sb. wheelbarrow, Prompt.

Crowden, v. to push, HD, S2, C3; crouden, MD, HD, C3; crude, to press forward, S; crowdyn, Prompt.; crud, pt. s., MD, HD.—AS. *crúdan, to press, drive, pt. créad (pl. crudon), pp. croden; cp. Du. kruyden, to push (Hexham). See Sievers, 384, 385.

Crowdyng, sb. pressure, S2, C3.

Crowen, v. to crow; crawand, pr. p., S3; him croweth, pr. s. reflex., C3.—AS. cráwan, pt. créow, pp. crawen.

Crownell, sb. corolla, small crown, S3. See Corone.

Crucchen, v. to crouch, MD; cruchen, S3.

Cruche; see Crouche.

Crud, sb. curd, MD; curde, Prompt.; cruddes, pl., S2, PP; croddes, PP; crouds, JD; curddys, Voc.

Cruddid, pp. curded, W2.

Crude, v. to press forward, S; see Crowden.

Cruel, adj. cruel, MD; cruwel, MD; crewell, MD.—OF. cruel; Lat. crudelem.

Cruelnesse, sb. cruelty, MD; cruwelnes, S2.

Crueltee, sb. cruelty, C2.—AF. cruelte; Lat. crudelitatem.

Crulle, adj. curly, C; krulle, MD; crolle, MD.—Cp. G. krolle, curl; see Weigand.

Crune, sb. crown, S; see Corone.

Cry, sb. cry, MD; crye, Prompt.; crei, S.—AF. cri, crie.

Cryen, v. to cry, MD, PP; crie, PP; criȝinge, pr. p., S2; criȝed, pt. s., S2; crieden, pl., S; criede, S2.—AF. crier, cryer, for older cridar; cp. It. gridare.

Crymailed, pp. anointed, PP; y-crymyled, PP; see Cremelen.

Crystal, sb. ice, crystal, MD; cristal, W2.—AF. cristal; Lat. crystallum, ice (Vulg.), also, mountain-crystal; Gr. κρύσταλλος, ice.

Cubit, sb. elbow, a cubit (measure), MD; cubytes, pl., C2; cupydez, S2.—Lat. cubitum.

Cucurbite, sb. a gourd-shaped chemical vessel.—Lat. cucurbita, gourd.

Cudde, pt. s. made known, S; see Cuðen, Kythen.

Cude, sb. cud, S, MD; code, MD; cudde, Prompt., Palsg.; quide, MD; quede, MD; quid, HD, SkD.

Cuen, sb. queen, S; see Quene.

Cuffe, sb. cuff, PP, Prompt., Palsg.; coffes, pl., PP.—Cp. MHG. kuffe, coif. Cf. Coife.

Cukkow, sb. cuckoo, MD, Prompt.; cocow, Voc.; cocowe, Palsg.; cucko, Voc.; gukgo, S3.—OF. coucou; Lat. cuculum (acc.).

Culle, v. to strike, to kill, P; see Kulle.

Culme, sb. soot, Prompt.

Culorum, sb. end, conclusion, PP.—For Lat. seculorum in the phr.: in secula seculorum, for ever and ever, at the end of the Gloria Patri.

Culpon, sb. slice, shred, MD, C; culpown, Prompt.; culpen, Manip.—AF. colpoun; Low Lat. colponem; cp. F. coupon.

Culter, sb. coulter, the fore-iron of a plough, PP, Voc., Prompt.; kulter, PP; coltre, PP.—Lat. culter.

Culuer, sb. dove, MD, W, W2; cullfre, S; colvyr, Voc.; culuere, S2.—AS. culfre (OET.).

Culuer-briddis, sb. pl. young pigeons, W.

Cum-; see Com-.

Cumen, v. to come, S; see Comen.

Cumlyng, sb. stranger, H; see Comelyng.

Cumplie, sb. compline, S; see Complie.

Cumrit, pt. s. encumbered, S2; cummerit, S3; see Combren.

Cumsen, v. to commence, S2, PP; see Comsen.

Cun, v. to know how to, H; see Kunnen.

Cun, sb. kin, kind, nature, S; cunne, dat., S; see Kyn.

Cun-; see Con-.

Cunde, sb. kind, nature, S; see Kynde.

Cunde, adj. natural, kind, MD; see Kynde.

Cundeliche, adv. naturally, S; see Kyndely.

Cunes-mon, sb. kinsman, S; see Kynes-man.

Cunin, sb. cony, rabbit, S; see Conyng.

Cunnen, v. to know, to be able, S, S2; see Kunnen.

Cunreadnes, sb. pl. kindreds, S; see Kyn-rede.

Cupabil, adj. culpable, H; see Coupable.

Cuppe, sb. cup, S, C2, C; kuppe, S; coppe, S2, P.—AS. cuppe; Lat. cupa. Cf. Coupe.

Cuppe-mel, adv. by cupfuls, S2, PP; in cupmel, P.

Cupydez, sb. pl. cubits, S2; see Cubit.

Curace, sb. cuirass, S3, SkD; curat, HD.—OF. cuirace; Late Lat. coracium, from Lat. corium, leather.

Curall, sb. coral, S3; see Coral.

Curat, sb. curate, C.—Late Lat. curatus.

Curatour, sb. curate, priest who has cure of souls, PP, S2.

Cure, sb. a charge, cure of souls, PP, C3; cures, pl., pursuits, C2.—Church Lat. cura.

Curiour, sb. currier, W; see Coriour.

Curious, adj. busy, zealous, eager to know, dainty, fine, MD, S3; careful, C.

Curlew, sb. curlew, coturnix, Prompt., W2 (Ps. 104. 40); curlu, H; kurlu, MD; corlew, MD; curlowyr, Voc.—OF. corlieu, curlew (Cotg.).

Currour, sb. runner, courier, W2; corour, W2; currours, pl. light-armed troops, S3.

Curry, v. to prepare leather, to curry horses, to rub down, flatter, S3, MD; currayyn, Prompt.; coraye, MD.—OF. couraër, coureer (F. courroyer); It. corredare; from Low Lat. conredium. See Conrey.

Curs, sb. curse, C, G; cors, S3, G.

Cursedly, adv. wickedly, C2.

Cursednes, sb. malice, wickedness, C2; cursednesse, C2; cursidnesse, misery, W2.

Cursen, v. to curse, MD; corse, S2; cursede, pt. s., S; corsed, pp., S2.—AS. cursian.

Curt, sb. court, S; see Court.

Curteis, adj. courteous, S3, C; see Corteis.

Curteisly, adv. courteously, C2; see Corteisliche.

Curteisye, sb. courtesy, PP; see Cortesye.

Cus, sb. kiss, Prompt.; coss, W; cos, S, W, W2; kosses, pl., MD; cossis, W2.—AS. cos; cp. OHG. cus (Tatian).

Cusen; see Chesen.

Cussen, v. to kiss, S, MD; kussen, S; kesse, S, C2; custe, pt. s., S; keste, C2; kiste, S, C2; kest, S2; cusseden, pl., S2.—AS. cyssan; cp. OHG. cussan (Tatian).

Cust, sb. choice, moral excellence, character, MD; custe, dat., S.—AS. cyst; cp. OHG. kust (Otfrid). See Chesen.

Custome, sb. custom, a public due, MD, S; custume, S; costom, MD.—AF. custume, coustume; Late Lat. *consuetunimem, *consuetuninem; Lat. consuetudinem; see Constans, and SkD (p. 798).

Custome-house, sb. custom-house, S2.

Cut, sb. a cut twig, a lot, C, C3, H, Prompt., MD; kut, H, MD; cutte, Palsg.; kuttis, pl., H. Phr.: to draw cuts, HD. See Kutten.

Cuth, sb. race, people, PP; see Kyth.

Cuth, pp. known, S; see Kunnen.

Cuðe, pt. s. could, knew, S; see Kunnen.

Cuðen, v. to make known, S; see Kythen.

Cuðmon, sb. acquaintance, kinsman, S.—AS. cúðman.

Cuðreden, sb. familiarity, MD.

Cuððe, sb. relationship, one’s native land, S, MD; see Kyth, Ceðen, Cheðen.

Cut-purs, sb. cut-purse thief, PP; kitte-pors, PP. See Kutten.

Cwakien, v. to quake, S; see Quaken.

Cwalm, sb. death, pestilence, MD; see Qualm.

Cwalm-hus, sb. prison, place of torment, MD.

Cwalm-stow, sb. place of execution, S, MD.—AS. cwealm-stów (Schmid).

Cwað, pt. s. quoth, S; see Queðen.

Cwead-schipe, sb. wickedness, S; see Quedschipe.

Cwellen, v. to kill, S; see Quellen.

Cweme, adj. pleasing, S; see Queme.

Cwemen, v. to please, S; see Quemen.

Cwennkenn, v. to quench, S; see Quenchen.

Cweðen, v. to speak, S; cweð, pt. s., S; see Queðen.

Cwic, adj. living, S; see Quik.

Cwidden, v. to speak, announce, MD; i-cwiddet, pp., S.—AS. cwiddian.

Cwide, sb. speech, bequest, S; see Queðen.—AS. cwide, a saying.

Cyll, sb. a canopy, SkD (s.v. ceil).—OF. ciel, canopy, inner roof, ceiling (Cotg.); Lat. caelum, see Brachet, p. lv.

Cyne-rice, sb. kingdom, rule, S; see Kine-.

Cyrce-iærd, church-yard, S; see Chirche-ȝeard.

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