M…

M

M, the first letter of master or mastership, S3.

Ma, v. to make, S2; see Make.

Ma, adv. more, S, S2; see Mo.

Mace, sb. mace, club, PP, Cath., Voc.; sceptrum, ND, Manip.; mas, pl., B; masis, B; macyss, B.—AF. mace (F. masse); cp. Low Lat. massa (Ducange); It. mazza; Late Lat. matia; Lat. *matea (found in mateola); see Diez.

Macer, sb. mace-bearer (in court of justice); maceres, pl., PP.

Macull, sb. stain, S3. Lat. macula.

Mad, adj. mad, foolish, PP; maad, SD; made, Cath.; mad, sb., a mad person, S2; madde, pl., PP.

Mad, pp. made, S, C, G; see Maken.

Madden, v. to be mad, PP; maddith, pr. s., W; maddist 2 pr. s., W; maddid, pt. s., maddened, PP; pp. W.

Mæi, sb. kinsman, S; mai, S; mey, S; may, a person, S2.—AS. mǽg (pl. mágas): Goth. mēgs; see Sievers, 17. Cf. May.

Mæi, pr. s. may, can, S; mai, S; may, S2; maig, S; maiȝ, S; mei, S; mey, S2; maȝie, maȝȝ, S; maht, 2 pr. s., S; mahht, S; miȝt, S; miht, S, S2; mihht, S; myht, S, S2; maȝen, pl., S; mahen, S; mahe, S; mawe, S; mowen, S; mo, S; mowe, S, S3, C; muge, S; muhe, S; muee, S; mwue, S; muwen, S; muȝen, S; muȝhenn, S; muȝe, S; moun, S, W; mouwen, S; mown, S2; moȝe, S2; mow, P; y-may, S3. Comb.: maistow, mayest thou, S3.—AS. mæg, I can, 2 pr. s., meaht, miht, pl. magon, opt. mæge, mage, muge, pl. mahan, mugon. See Sievers, 424.

Mæsse-dæi, sb. mass-day, S; see Messe.

Mahoun, sb. Mahomet, S2; Mahounde, HD.—OF. Mahom, Mahoms, also Mahum, Mahumet (Roland); Arab. Muhammed, ‘the praised’ Cf. Maumet.

Maht; see Mei.

Mahte, pt. s. might, S; mihte, S; michte, S; migte, S; micte, S; myhte, S; moucte, S; muhte, S; miȝte, S2; mught, S2, H; myȝte, S2; mought, S3, H; mocht, pl., S2; moght, S2. Comb.: mihti (for mihte hi), might they, S; mihti (for miht I), might I, S2; maihtou, mightest thou, PP.—AS. meahte, mihte, pt. s. of mæg, I can. See Mæi.

Maille, sb. mail-armour, C2; maylle, Cath.; male, S3, Cath.; mayles, pl., SkD.—OF. maille Lat. macula. See Macull.

Make, sb. mate, spouse, S, S2, S3, C, C2, P, Prompt.; makes, pl., S2; makez, S2; makys, S3.—AS. (ge)maca.

Maken, v. to make, cause, build, compose, write, PP, S; makien, S; macien, S; makye, S2; mak, S2; ma, S2, B; mais, pr. s., B, S2; mas, S2; mais, pl., B; makede, pt. s., S; machede, S; makked, pl., S2; maden, S, PP; maked, pp., PP, S, C; maad, C, PP; mad, S, C, G; y-maked, S2, C2; y-maad, S2, C2; y-mad, S2; i-maked, S; i-maket, S2; i-made, P; i-mad, G; hi-makede, S.—AS. macian; cp. OHG. machón (Otfrid).

Maker, sb. maker, writer, author, SkD, Cath., ND; makyere, S2.

Male, sb. bag, portmanteau, mail, C, C3, Prompt., Cath.; males, pl., P.—OF. male (Cotg.); cp. Low Lat. mala (Ducange).

Malencolye, sb. melancholy, PP; malencolie, C, Prompt.; malicoly, WA.—OF. melancolie.

Malencolyk, adj. melancholy, C.—OF. melancolique.

Malengine, sb. wicked artifice, HD; malengyne, malice, evil disposition, S3.—AF. malengin, fraud, ill-meaning; engin, deceit, treachery (Bartsch).

Malese, sb. sickness, PP; male ese, W; male ess, B.—OF. malaise (Cotg.).

Malice, sb. evil, W.—AF. malice; Lat. malitia.

Malisun, sb. malediction, S, H, ND; malisoun, C3.—OF. malison, maleiceon, maldeceon, maldisson (Ps. 108. 17); Lat. maledictionem.

Malliable, adj. malleable, C3.—OF. malleable, pliant to the hammer, hammerable (Cotg.).

Mamelek, sb. a mameluke, S3.—Arab. mamlûk, a slave, a possession, from malaka, he possessed; cp. It. mamalúcco (Florio).

Mamely, v. to mumble, P; see Momelen.

Man, 1 pr. s. I must, SD; 2 pr. pl., S2, B; see Mon.

Man, sb. man, any one, S; husband, W; mann, S; men, S2; mon, S, S2; manne, dat., S; me, S, S2, S3, W; mæn, pl., S; mænn, S; mannen, gen., S; manne, S2; mannen, manne; dat., S; menne, S. Comb.: manhed(e), manhood, S2, C; manheid, S2; mankin, mankind, S; mon-kin, S; moncun, S; man-ken, S; man-kunne, S; mon-kunne, S; man-qualm, pestilence, H; man-quellere, murderer, executioner, S2, S3, W, W2; mon-quellere, S; man-red(e), homage, S; man-scipe, homage, honour, S; mon-slaȝe, man-slayer, S; man-slecht, man-slaughter, S; man-sleiht, S; man-sleere, murderer, W2; mon-þewes, the morality of a grown up man, S.—AS. man.

Manace, sb. threat, C, SkD; manas, S2, WA, SkD; manauce, B; manassis, manaasis, pl., W.—OF. manace; Lat. minacia; see Constans.

Manacen, v. to threaten, C2, PP; manasside, pt. s., S2, W; manaasside, W2; manausyt, B.—OF. menacer.

Manasyng, sb. threatening, C, B.

Man-að, sb. perjury, SD; manaðas, pl., S.—AS. mán-áð; cp. Icel. mein-eiðr. AS. mán, wicked, wickedness; cp. Icel. meinn, base, mein, harm.

Manciple, sb. purveyor, S; see Maunciple.

Manden, v. to send forth, to command, S2.—OF. mander; Lat. mandare.

Mandragora, sb. mandrake, ND; mandrogoris, pl., W2.—OF. mandragore (Cotg.); Lat. mandragora (Vulg.).

Mandrak, sb. mandrake, Voc.; mandragge, Prompt.; mandrage, Cath.

Mane, sb. complaint, S2; see Mone.

Maner, sb. manor, PP; manere, P, Voc.; manoir, PP; maners, pl., farms, possessions, W; maneres, P.—AF. manere, maner, manoir; Late Lat. manerium (Ducange).

Manere, sb. a kind, sort, also manner, custom, S, S2, C, P; maneir, S2; maner, S3, C, P; measure, moderation, W; maners, pl., S2. Phr.: of manere, in his behaviour, C2; maner doctrine, kind of doctrine, C2; maner thing, maner sergeant, maner wyse, maner wyght, C2.—AF. manere; Late Lat. maneria, a kind, species (Ducange).

Mangen, Mangerie; see Maungen, Maungerye.

Manicle, sb. manacle, Cotg.; manycle, Prompt.; manakelle, Cath.; manykils, pl., H.—AF. manicle; Lat. manicula, dimin. of manica, glove, handcuff.

Maniple, sb. a scarf-like ornament worn about the left wrist of a sacrificing priest (Cotg.).—OF. manople (Cotg.).

Manke, sb. mancus, a piece of money, S; Low Lat. mancus (Ducange).

Manliche, adj. humane, P; manly, adv., boldly, S2, G; monluker, comp., S.

Mansed, pp. excommunicated, cursed, P; mousede, PP.—For amansed; AS. amánsed. See Amansien.

Mansion, sb. mansion (a term in astrology), C2.—AF. mansion; Late Lat. mansionem.

Mantel, sb. mantle, S; mentil, W2.—AF. mantel.

Mantelet, sb. a little mantle, C.—OF. mantelet (Cotg.).

Mantled, pp. covered, adorned with flowers, S3; i-mantlet, mantled, S.

Manye, adj. many, PP; manige, S; maniȝe, S; manie, mani, S; moni, S, S2; mony, S. Comb.: manifeald, manifold, S; manifald, S; manigefold, S; monifald, moniuold, S; manifældlice, manifold, S; monyvolde, S2; monimon, S2; monion, S2; maniȝ-whatt, many a subject, S; manywhat, S2.—AS. manig.

Marchaundise, sb. merchandise, traffic, PP; marchaundye, S2.—AF. marchaundise.

Marchaunt, sb. merchant, PP; marchantz, pl., S2; marchans, PP.—AF. marchant, merchaunt, OF. marchëant, marcëant (Bartsch); Late Lat. mercatantem, see Brachet.

Marche, sb. the month of March, Prompt.; mershe, S2.—Late Lat. marcius (Prompt.); Lat. martius, the month of Mars.

Marche, sb. a border of a territory, district, province, PP, Cath. Comb.: march-parti, border-country, S3.—AF. marche.

Marchen, v. to border, SD; marcheth to, borders on, S2.

Marchen, v. to march, go, PP.—OF. marcher (Cotg.).

Mare, adj. comp. greater, S; see More.

Marewe, sb. morning, S2; see Morwe.

Margarite, sb. pearl, Cath., W, W2; margrite, WA; margery, Prompt.; margaritis, pl., W. Comb.: margery(e)-perles, pearls, S2, PP, Palsg.—Lat. margarita (Vulg.); Gr. μαργαρίτης.

Marie, v. to give in marriage, PP; marieden, pt. pl., were married, PP; maried, PP; y-maried, PP.—OF. marier; Lat. maritare.

Marie, inter. marry! i.e. by S. Mary! C3; mari, PP.

Mark, sb. a coin, Prompt., C3, PP; marke, PP; mark, pl., C3; marc, S3.—AF. marc; cp. Low Lat. marca (Ducange).

Markis, sb. marquis, C2.—AF. marchis; Low Lat. marchensis, the governor of the marches or frontiers. See Marche.

Markisesse, sb. marchioness, C2.

Marle, sb. marl, creta, Cath., Voc.; marle, marga, Manip.; marl, chalk, Prompt.—OF. marle (mod. marne); Late Lat. margila; dimin. of marga (Pliny).

Marl-pytte, sb. chalk-pit, Prompt.

Marlyd, adj. cretatus, Prompt.; y-marled, S2.

Marschal, sb. marshal, steward, C, PP; marchal, PP; marschall, B; marschalle, Cath.; mareschal, PP.—AF. mareschal (marchal); Low Lat. mariscalcus; OHG. maraschalh, a horse-servant; OHG. marah + OHG. schalh: Goth. skalks. See Mere.

Martre, sb. marten, a kind of weasel. SkD.—OF. martre. Cf. Merð.

The form Merð does not occur in the Dictionary. The entries for Ful-mard and Methes-chele both give mearð as the AS. root.

Martrik, sb. marten, S3; mertrik, JD.

Martryn, sb. marten’s fur, HD; marterns, pl., HD; marterons, HD; matrons, HD.

Martyr, sb. martyr, Cath.—AF. martir; Church Lat. martyr (Vulg.); Gr. μάρτυρ.

Martyr, v. to torment, Cath.; martyre, C.—AF. martirer.

Martyrdome, sb. torment, martyrdom, Cath.; martirdam, C.

Mary, sb. marrow, C, C3, Prompt., Cath. (n); marghe, Cath.; mergh, H; merghe, Cath. (n), H; marȝ, Cath. (n); merowȝ, W2; merowis, pl., W2.—AS. mearh.

Maschen, v. to mash, beat into a confused mass; maschyn (in brewing), Prompt.; meshe, S.—Cp. MHG. meisch; see Kluge.

Mase, sb. maze, confusion, a wild fancy, confused throng, P, S2, C.

Mased, pp. confused, bewildered, WA, PP, S2, C3.

Masednesse, sb. amaze, C2.

Maseliche, adv. confusedly, SkD (s.v. maze).

Maselin, sb. a kind of drinking-cup, sometimes made of maslin, HD; maselyn, C2. See Mestling.

Massage, sb. message, S3; see Message.

Masse, sb. mass, P; see Messe.

Mast, most, S2; see Most.

Mastilȝon, sb. mixtilio, a mixture of wheat and rye, Cath.; mastlyone, HD (s.v. maslin); mastline, ND; mestlyone, mixtilio, Prompt.—Late Lat. mestillionem, mistilionem, mestilonem, see Ducange (s.v. mixtum), also mixtilionem (Voc.); cp. OF. mesteil (meteil in Cotg.). Cp. Mestling.

Mat, pt. s. measured, W; see Meten.

Mate, adj. defeated utterly, confounded, exhausted, dispirited, B, SkD; mat, C3; maat, C, S3.—OF. mat; Arab. mât, dead (used in chess).

Mate, sb. checkmate, S3.

Maten, v. to checkmate, defeat, confound, S3, HD; matyn, Prompt.—OF. mater.

Matere, sb. material, stuff, matter, subject, S2, C, C2, C3, PP; mater, PP; mateere, C, PP; matiere, S2; materie, S2.—OF. matere; Lat. materia.

Maðelen, v. to talk, S.—AS. maðelian, to harangue, from mæðel, council, meeting; cp. Goth. mathljan, to speak, from mathl, a meeting-place, market, also Icel. mæla, from mál; herewith is connected Low Lat. mallum, parliament.

Maðem, sb. treasure, SD; madmes, pl., S.—AS. máðum (mádm).

Matrimoyne, sb. matrimony, C; matermoyn, H.—AF. matrimonie; Lat. matrimonium.

Maugre, prep. in spite of, S2, S3, C, C2; maugree, S2; mawgre, C; mawgreith, PP.—OF. maugre (F. malgré); Lat. malum + gratum.

Maugre, sb. illwill, PP; mawgre, S2, P; mawgry, Cath.; magger, S3. Phr.: in the magger of, in spite of, S3; addylle mawgry, demeritare, Cath.

Maumet, sb. idol, puppet, doll, ND, S2, PP; mawmet, W, H; mawment, Prompt., Cath.; mawmez, mawmex, pl., S; maumettis, W; maumetys, mawmetis, pl., H; mammets, Sh.—OF. mahumet idol, also Muhammed. See Mahoun.

Maumettrie, sb. idolatry, Mahometanism, S2; maumettrye, C3; mawmetry, H; mawmetrye, PP; mawmentrye, Prompt.; maumentry, WA.

Maunciple, sb. purveyor, C, C3; manciple, S.—OF. mancipe: OIt. mancipio, slave, vassal, bailiff, manciple; Lat. mancipium, slave, properly possession, property. For the intrusive l, see Cronicle.

Maundee, sb. maundy, the washing of the disciples’ feet, PP.—OF. mandé; Church Lat. mandatum, the foot-washing (Ducange); Lat. mandatum, something commanded. See Manden.

Maundement, sb. commandment, W, PP; maundemens, pl., S2.—OF. mandement (Cotg.).

Maungen, v. to eat, PP; maunged, pp., P; i-maunget, S2; manged, PP.—OF. mangier; Lat. manducare.

Maungerye, sb. a feast, PP; mangerie, PP; mangerye, G.—AF. mangerie.

Mavis, sb. the thrush, Cotg.; mavice, Prompt.; mavys, Palsg.; mavyss, S3.—OF. mauvis (Cotg.); cp. It. maluíccio (Florio).

Mawe, sb. maw, stomach, C2, C3, W2, PP; maw, PP; maghe (= vulva), H.—AS. maga (Voc.).

Mawe, Mayct; see Mæi.

May, sb. the month of May, PP; mey, S2.—OF. mai; Lat. maius.

May, sb. a virgin, S2, S3, C3, PP, JD.—AS. mǽg, ‘(cognata) femina, virgo;’ see Grein. Cf. Mæi.

May, pr. s. may, can, S2; see Mæi.

May, adj. comp. pl. more in number, B; see Mo.

Mayde, sb. maid, PP, SkD; maide, PP, S; meide, S; mede, S.

Mayden, sb. maiden, PP; maydene, PP; meiden, S, SkD; mæiden, S; maydenes, pl., bachelors and spinsters, PP; maidenes, S; maydnes, S.—AS. mæden (Voc.), mægden (Grein).

Maydenhod(e), sb. virginity, PP, C; maydenhede, C3; meidenhed, SkD.

Mayn, sb. strength, S3, G, PP, B; main, S: mane, B.—AS. mægen; cp. Icel. megin.

Mayne, sb. a company, S2; mayny, S2; see Meyne.

Maynful, adj. powerful, SD; meinfule, S.

Mayre, sb. mayor, PP; maire, PP; meyr, Prompt.; maires, pl., P; meires, S2, PP; meyris, chief justices, W.—AF. meyre, metre, meir, maire; Lat. maiorem, greater.

Mayster, sb. master, S, C, S2; maystyr, Prompt.; maister, S, C, C2, S2; maistre, P; meister, S; mistres, pl., S2, G, P; maistris, W2.—OF. maistre; Lat. magistrum.

Mayster, adj. chief; maister, C, C2; leister, S.—OF. maistre.

Maysterful, adj. powerful; maistirful, W.

Maystresse, sb. mistress, Prompt.; maistresse, S2, C2.—OF. maistresse (Cotg.).

Maystrye, sb. mastery, Prompt., PP, S2; maistri(e), S2, W2; maistry, S3; Maistre, C; meystry, S2; mastry, B.—OF. maistrie.

Me, conj. but, S, SD.—Cp. OLG. men.

Me, pron. indef. a man, one, people, PP, G, S2, S3, W; see Men.

Mearren, v. to mar, S; see Merren.

Mebles, sb. pl. moveable property, PP; see Mobyle.

Mede, sb. mead (the drink), C2, Prompt.; methe, SkD; meth, CM.—AS. meodu (see Sievers, 106); cp. μέθυ.

Mede, sb. mead, meadow, S, C, PP; medewe, Prompt. Comb.: medwe-grene, green as a meadow, S2.—AS. mæd (pl. mædwa); see Sievers, 259.

Mede, sb. reward, bribery, S, S2, S3, W2, P; meede, S2, G; meed, S3; meede, C, W. Comb.: med-ȝierne, yearning for reward, S; medyorne, S.—AS. méd: OMerc. meord (OET): Goth. mizdo; see Sievers, 181.

Meden, v. to reward, PP, Prompt.

Medlee, adj. mixed in colour, C; medle, Prompt.—OF. medle, mesle. Cf. Melle.

Medlen, v. to mix, Prompt., C3, W2, W; mell, S3; melland, pr. p., B; melles, pr. s., H; mellede, pt. s., S2; mellid, PP; mellit, pp., S3; y-melled, S2; y-medled, S3.—OF. medler, mesler; Late Lat. misculare, from miscere.

Medlynge, sb. mixture, joining; meddlynge, W, W2; mellyng, mingling, fighting, S2.

Medwe-grene, adj. green as a meadow, S2; see Mede.

Meel, sb. a stated time, meal, C, C3; mel, S; mele, pl., meal-times, S; meeles, S2, PP; meles, PP.—AS. mǽl: Goth. mēl; see Sievers, 17.

Meiden, sb. maiden, S; see Mayden.

Meined, pp. mixed, S2; meint, S3; see Mengen.

Meinfule, adj. powerful, S; see Maynful.

Meire, sb. mayor, S2; see Mayre.

Meister, adj. chief, S; see Mayster.

Meister, sb. master, S; see Mayster.

Meistre, sb. mistress, S.

Meistren, v. to be master of, S.

Meið-had, sb. virginity; meiðhades, gen., S.—AS. mægðháð, from mægð, virgin, woman: Goth. magaths; see Sievers, 49.

Meke, adj. meek, C, C2, Prompt.; meoc, S.—Icel. mjúkr, soft.

Mekely, adv. meekly, Prompt.; mekly, S2; meocliȝ, S.

Meken, v. to render meek, to humble, S2, S3, W, W2, P, Prompt.

Mekenesse, sb. softness, clemency, Prompt.; meknes, S2; meocnesse S.

Mekil, adj. much, S3; see Mochel.

Mel, sb. a meal, S; see Meel.

Melden, v. to show, SD; meld, to accuse, S2.—AS. meldian (Voc.); cp. OHG. meldôn (Otfrid).

Mele, sb. meal, ground corn, S, PP.—AS. meolu (Sievers, 249); cp. OHG. melo (Tatian).

Melen, v. to speak, to converse, PP, S2, WA; melleth, pr. s., P; mellud, pt. s., P.—AS. (ge)mǽlan.

Mell, v. to mix, mingle, meddle, fight with, B, S3, H, WA; see Medlen.

Mellè, sb. an affray, contest, medley, B.—OF. mellee, meslee. Cf. Medlee.

Mellere, sb. miller, C; see Mylnere.

Mel-stan, sb. mill-stone, S; see Mylle.

Melten, v. to melt, PP; molte, pt. s., S3.—AS. meltan, pt. s. mealt (mált), pl. multon, pp. molten.

Membre, sb. member, limb, PP.—AF. membre; Lat. membrum.

Men, pron. indef. a man, one, people, PP, S2; me, S. See Man.

Mene, adj. common, poor, mean, PP, S3; meane, S.—AS. (ge)mǽne, common.

Mene, adj. mean, middle, S2, C3; meyne, Cath. Comb.: menewhile, meanwhile, S2; menewhiles, S2.—AF. mene; OF. meiain (F. moyen); Lat. medianum.

Mene, sb. a mean, mediator, PP, HD; meane, S3; menes, pl., means, S2, C3, P. See above.

Menen, v. to mean, signify, to intend, PP, S, CM, S2, WA.

Menen, v. to remember, H, HD; meyne, B.

Menen, v. to complain, lament, bemoan, S2, PP, WA; meyne, B; menys, pr. s., S3; menyt, pt. s., S2; ment S2.—AS. mǽnan, to make moan, complain. See Mone.

Mengen, v. to commemorate, mention, remember, PP, WA; munge, PP; minegen, S; mengen here, v. refl. to remember herself, reflect, PP.—AS. (ge)mynegian, to remember, remind.

Mengen, v. to mix, PP, H, S2; mingen, S3; myngen, W; myngide, pt. s., W; meynde, S; mæingde, S; i-mengd, pp., S; meynd, S, S2, W; meined, S2; meint, S3; meynt, S3; ment, S3; y-mengd, S2; y-meynd, C; i-meind, S.—AS. (ge)mengan.

Mennesse, sb. communion, fellowship, S2. See Mene.

Mennisc, adj. humanus, SD; mannish, man-like, C3.—AS. mennisc, mannish, human; cp. Icel. mennskr.

Mennisscleȝȝc, sb. humanity, S.

Mennisscnesse, sb. humanity, S.

Menske, sb. honour, dignity among men, S, S2, HD; mensk, S2, B; mensc, favour, S2.—Icel. mennska, humanity.

Menskelye, adv. worthily, reverently, S2; menskly, B.

Mensken, v. to honour, S, HD, S2, P.

Menskful, adj. worshipful, noble, S2.

Menskfully, adv. honourably, B.

Menstralcye, sb. minstrelsy, C; see Mynstralcie.

Ment; see Menen (3) and Mengen.

Mentil, sb. mantle, W2; see Mantel.

Menusen, v. to minish, make less, SkD, WW, CM; minyshe, S3.—AF. menuser, OF. menuisier; Late Lat. minutiare, from minutus, lessened.

Menynge, sb. meaning, signification, intention, PP.

Menyng(e), sb. remembrance, mention, H.

Menyng(e), sb. complaining, PP.

Menȝe, a company, S2; menȝhe, S2; see Meyne.

Meobles, sb. pl., moveable property, PP; see Mobyle.

Meoc, adj. meek, S; see Meke.

Meocleȝȝc, sb. meekness, S.—Icel. mjúkleikr, nimbleness.

Meocnesse, sb. meekness, S; see Mekenesse.

Mercy, sb. mercy, Prompt.; merci, S; mercy, (your) pardon, P.—AF. merci, OF. mercid; Late Lat. mercedem, a gratuity, pity, mercy; in Lat. pay, reward.

Mercyable, adj. merciful, C2, PP.

Mercyen, v. to thank, PP, S2; mercien, to amerce, fine, PP.—OF. mercier, to thank.

Mercyment, sb. amercement, fine, P, Prompt., Cath.—Late Lat. merciamentum.

Mere, adj. famous, S; mare, S.—AS. mǽre (mére): Goth. mērs; see Fick (7. 233), and Sievers, 17.

Mere, sb. a mare, S2, C, Cath.; meere, Prompt.—AS. mere, f. of mearh, horse; cp. OIr. marc.

Mere, sb. limit, boundary, S2; meer, Prompt. Comb.: mere-stane, boundary stone, Cath.—AS. (ge)mǽre.

Mere, sb. sea, a mere, Prompt., WA. Comb.: mere-mayd, mermaid, siren, CM; mermayde, C; mere-swin, porpoise, SD; mersuine, pl., S2.—AS. mere, sea, lake: OHG. mari; cp. Goth. marei.

Merels, sb. pl. merelles, or nine men’s morris, S3.—OF. merelles (Cotg.); merel (Ducange); cp. Low Lat. merellus, merallus, a counter, token, a piece in draughts (Ducange); see Brachet.

Merghe, sb. marrow, H, Cath. (n); see Mary.

Merghid, pp. full of marrow, H.

Meridional, adj. southern, C2.—OF. meridional (Cotg.). From Lat. meridies, midday.

Merke, adj. dark, mirk, murky, PP, CM, S2, H; mirke, S, S2, H; myrk, S2, H; merk, PP; meerk, PP.—AS. myrce, mirce, murc; cp. Icel. myrkr, Dan. mörk.

Merke, sb. darkness, PP.

Merkenesse, sb. darkness, PP; mirkenes, S2, H; myrknes, S2, H.

Merle, sb. blackbird, S3, ND.—OF. merle (Cotg.); Lat. merula.

Merling, sb. the whiting, S2, Manip., Cotg.; merlynge, Prompt.—OF. merlan (Cotg.), from Lat. merula (cp. Late Lat. merula in Voc. 642. 13).

Merlion, sb. merlin, a small hawk, CM; merlyone, Prompt.; marlin, Cotg.—OF. esmerillon (Cotg.), dimin. of *esmerle; cp. It. smerlo (Florio), G. schmerl.

Mermayde, sb. mermaid, C; see Mere, sb. (3).

Merren, v. to mar, S; mearren, S; marre, PP; merrið, pr. pl., S.—AS. merran (in compounds): OS. merrian, to hinder: OHG. marrjan: Goth. marzjan.

Mersche, sb. marsh, SkD; mershe, dat., S.—AS. mersc.

Mershe, sb. March, S2; see Marche.

Mersuine, sb. pl. porpoises, S2; see Mere, sb. (3).

Merthe, sb. mirth, PP; see Murthe.

Merueile, sb. marvel, wonder, PP; merueyle, S2; meruaille, C2; mervaylle, C.—OF. merveille; Lat. mirabilia (n. pl.).

Merueillous(e), adj. marvellous, C2, PP.—OF. merveillos.

Mery, adj. merry, cheerful, pleasant, PP; merie, S, C, C2; merye, W2; miri, S; mirye, CM; myry, Prompt.; myrie, W2; muri(e), S, C; merie, adv., S2, C2; muryer, comp., P; myriest, superl., S2, Comb.: merimake, merrymaking, S3; merie men, followers, C2; myry tottyr, a merry totter, swing, Prompt.; myry weder, pleasant weather, Prompt.; mery weder, Prompt. (n), Bardsley (p. 473).—AS. merg (Grein).

Mes-, prefix; mis-; mys-.—OF. mes-; Lat. minus, see Constans.

Mesauentur, sb. misadventure, S; mesaunture, S2; misauenture, C2, C3.

Meschaunce, sb. mischance, S2, C, C2, P; myschaunce, S2.

Mescheuen, v. to come to mischief, SD; mischeefe, destruere, Manip.

Meschief, sb. ill-fortune, C; myschief, S2, P; mischiefe, flagitium, Manip.

Meseise, sb. discomfort, PP, S2; miseise, PP; myseise, PP, S2, W; myseese, W; myseyse, adj., uneasy, P; mesaise, sb., S.

Meseiste, sb. poverty; myseiste, W2.

Mesel, sb. leper, CM, PP, W.—AF. mesel; Late Lat. misellus, leper (Ducange), dimin. of Lat. miser, wretched.

Meselrye, sb. leprosy, Cath. (n); mesylery, Voc.—OF. mesellerie, leprosy (Ducange). See above.

Meson-deu, sb. hospital, PP; maisondewe, Cath. (n), HD; masyndewe, Cath.; mesondieux, pl., P.—OF. maison Dieu, hospital (Cotg.).

Message, sb. mission, message, messenger, S2, C3; massage, S3.—AF. message; Late Lat. missaticum (Brachet).

Messager, sb. messenger, S2, C, C2, C3, G, PP; masager, PP; messanger, PP.—AF. messager.

Messe, sb. mass, S, P; mess, S3; masse, P; messes, pl., P. Comb.: messe-bok, mass-book, S; messe-cos, mass-kiss, S; mæsse-dæi, mass-day, S; messe-gere, mass-gear, S; masse-peny, mass-fee, S3; massepans, pl., P.—AS. mæsse; Church Lat. missa.

Meste, adj. superl. greatest, chief, S, S2; meste, C2; see Most.

Mester, sb. art, trade, occupation, PP, C, CM; mestier, PP, HD; meister, S; meoster, S; myster, PP, B; mister, B; misteir, B. Phr.: mester men, sort of men, C.—OF. and AF. mester, mestier, occupation, business, need; Lat. ministerium, see Brachet (s.v. métier).

Mester, sb. need, want; mister, S2, B, HD, Cath.; myster, C, B; mysteir, S2; mystur, HD; mystir, B; mystere, HD, H. The same word as above, see NQ (6. 4. 161).

Mestling, sb. a kind of mixed metal, Cath. (p. 230, n. 3); masalyne, Cath.—AS. mæstling (mæstlinc, ‘auricalcos,’ Voc.). Cf. Maselin.

Mestling, sb. mixed corn, Cath. (p. 230, n. 3); mastlyn, HD; masslin, Cotg. (s.v. metail); maslin, HD; meslin, Prompt. (p. 335 n) Cotg. (s.v. tramois); messling, Cotg. Cf. Mastilȝon.

Mesurable, adj. moderate, C, C2, C3, P; mesurabul, S2.

Mesure, sb. measure, moderation, S2, C2, PP; mesur, S2, B; meosure, S.—AF. mesure; Lat. mensura.

Met, sb. measure, moderation, S; mete, dat., S; meete, S2.—AS. (ge)met. Cf. Meten.

Mete, adj. meet, fitting, close-fitting, S2, S3, Prompt.—AS. mǽte, tight-fitting; cp. (ge)met, meet, fit, see SkD.

Mete, sb. food, a meal, feast, S, S2, C, W2, PP; meten, pl., S; meetis, W2. Comb.: mete-graces, graces at meat, S; mete-niðinges, meat-niggards, S.—AS. mete (OET): Goth. mats, from matjan, to eat; see Sievers, 263.

Metels, sb. dream, vision, PP; meteles, PP. See below.

Meten, v. to dream, CM, PP, S; meeten, S2, PP; mette, pt. s., C2, P; met, pp., C.—AS. mǽtan.

Meten, v. to paint, design, SD; metedd, pp., S.

Meten, v. to meet, PP; mette, pt. s., S.—AS. métan: OS. mótian. From AS. mót. See Moot.

Meten, v. to mete, measure, S2; meete, W2; mete, P; met, S2; meten, pr. pl., W; mat, pt. s., W.—AS. (ge)metan; cp. Goth. mitan, see Sievers, 19.

Mete-wand, sb. a measuring stick, WW.

Mete-yarde, sb. measuring-rod, S3, WW.

Meth, adj. mild, courteous, HD; methe, HD.

Meth, sb. moderation, mildness, S, S2, WA; meað, S; meþe, S2.—AS. mǽð, measure.

Methes-chele, sb. marten’s skin, S.—AS. mearð (Voc.).

Með-ful, adj. moderate, S.

Með-les, adj. immoderate; meþelez, S2.

Metrete, sb. measure, W.—Lat. metreta (Vulg.).

Metyng(e), sb. dreaming, PP; metinge, S.—AS. mǽting (Grein).

Metynge, sb. measuring, measure; metinge, S2.

Meuen, v. to move, suggest, PP; meued, pp., S3; see Mouen.

Mewe, sb. a coop for fowls, C, C2, Manip.; mue, SD.—OF. mue, a coop for fowls, the moulting of feathers (Cotg.). See below.

Mewen, v. to mew, moult, SkD, Cotg.—OF. muer (Cotg.); Lat. mutare, to change. Cf. Moutin.

Mey, sb. May, S2; see May.

Meyn, sb. intent, S3; mein, JD. See Menen.

Meyn, v. to remember, be mindful of, B; meyne, B; see Menen.

Meyne, v. to moan, lament, B; see Menen.

Meynè, sb. household, retinue, train, company, S2, S3, C, W, PP; meynee, C2, W2; meyny, S2; mayne, S2; mayny, S2, S3; meine, S2; menȝe, S2, H, Cath.; menȝhe, S2; meany, S3; meny, Prompt.; meynes, pl., W; meynees, W2; menȝes, menȝis, H.—OF. meisnee, maisnee; Low Lat. maisnada, *mansionata, from Lat. mansio.

Meyneal, adj. homely, W; of one’s household, W2; menyall, SkD; meyneals, sb. pl., they of the household, W2. See above.

Meynpernour, sb. a taker by the hand, bail, surety, P.—AF. meynpernour.

Meynprise, sb. a taking by the hand, bail, security, P; maynpris, G.—AF. meinprise.

Meynprise, v. to be surety for, PP.

Meyntene, v. to support, abet (in an action at law), P, S2; mayntene, to maintain, C, P.—AF. meyntener.

Meyntenour, sb. supporter, PP.—AF. meintenour.

Miche, adj. much, S2; see Moche.

Mid (1), prep. with, S, S2; myd, S, S2, P; mit, S; mide, S, S2; myde, S2. Comb.: mitte (mit þe), with the, S2; mitte (mit þe), with thee, S; mid-al, withal, S; midalle, altogether, S; mid-iwisse, certainly, S; mid-ywisse, S; myd-iwisse, S.—AS. mid.

Mid (2), adj. mid, SD. Comb.: mid-morwen, mid-morning, S; mid-morwetide, SD; mid-ouernon, middle of the afternoon; hei midouernon, fully the middle of the afternoon, S2; midewinter, Christmas, S2; midwinterdæi, sb. dat., Christmas-day, S; midwinter-day, S2; mid-ward, middle, S2.—AS. mid-.

Middel, adj. and sb. middle, waist, SkD, S, S2, C; myddel, PP; myddil, W; myddeleste, superl., G. Comb.: middel-niȝte, midnight, S.—AS. middel, sb.

Middel-erd, sb. the middle abode, the world, S; middeleard, S; myddelerd, S, PP; midelerd, S; mydlerd, S2, PP; mydelerd, PP; medlert, JD.—Cp. OS. middilgard, OHG. mittila gart (Tatian). Cf. Middeneard.

Midden-eard, sb. the middle abode, the abode of men, S; middenærd, S; middenard, S; midenarde, dat., S.—AS. middan-eard for middan-geard, ‘middle enclosure’ (OET), the earth situated between heaven and hell, see Sweet, and Sievers, 214, n. 5; cp. Goth. midjungards, Icel. miðgarðr. See CV., and Grimm, Teut. M, p. 794.

Middes, only in phr.: in middes, in the midst, PP; in þe myddes, PP, S2; in (fro) þe myddis, PP, S3, W, W2; in the mydis, W2.—From mid, adj. The -es gives the phrase an adverbial force. The older forms (in Layamon) are a midde, a midden; AS. on middan.

Midwif, sb. midwife, SD, SkD; mydwyf, SkD; mydwyfe, Prompt.; mydewyf, SkD; medwyfe, Cath.; medewife, SkD; medewyues, pl., S2. See Mid (1).

Mightand, pr. p., as adj. having might, S2.

Mihel, sb. Michael, SD; Myȝhele, HD; Mihil, ND.—Church Lat. Michael (Vulg.), from the Heb.

Mihel-masse, sb. Michaelmas, SD; Mihelmas, ND; Myhelmasse, PP; Misselmasse, S2.

Miht, 2 pr. s. mayest, S; see Mæi.

Mihte, pt. s. might, S; micte, S; michte, S; migte, S; see Mahte.

Mikel, adj. and adv. great, much, S, S2; see Muchel.

Milce, sb. mercy, S, S2, HD; mylce, S; milche, S.—AS. milts, from milde, mild, gentle; see Sievers, 198, 4.

Milcien, v. to show mercy, S; milcenn, S; milsien, S.—AS. milsian, miltsian.

Milde, adj. mild, S, S2; myld, S. Comb.: mild-heorte, merciful in heart, SD; mild-heorted, S; milde-herted, S2; mild-herrtleȝȝc, mildheartedness, compassion, S; mild-heortnesse, clemency, S; mildhertnesse, S.—AS. milde.

Miles, sb. pl., animals, S2.—Cf. W. mil, an animal, beast; miled, a wild animal (W. W. S.).

Min, pron. poss. my, S, S2; myn, S, C2, PP; mi, S, S2; mines, gen., S; mine, dat., S; mire, gen. and dat. f., S; mynen, pl., W2. Phr.: myn one, by myself, alone, PP.—AS. mín.

Min, sb. memory, S2; see Mynne.

Mines, 2 pr. s. rememberest, S2; see Mynne.

Minion, sb. a favourite, a lover, Sh. TG, ND; bellulus, Manip.; minyons, pl., S3.—OF. mignon (Cotg.); cp. It. mignone (Florio).

Minion, adj. small, pretty; mynyon, ND; mynionly, adv. delicately, ND.

Mint, pt. s. purposed, S; see Munten.

-mint, suffix.—AS. mynt, -mynd: Goth. -mundiþa, see Sievers, 255, 3. Cf. Wurthmint.

Minute, sb. a mite, moment of time, HD; mynute, Prompt.; mynutis, pl., small pieces of money, W. Comb.: mynutwhile, PP; myntwhile, PP; myntewhile, PP.—Lat. minutum (Vulg.). Cf. Mite.

Minyshe, v. to minish, S3; see Menusen.

Mire, sb. ant, S; mowre, Cath.—Cp. Dan. myre, Icel. maurr.

Mire, my, gen. and dat. f. of Min.

Mirky, adj. dark, H. See Merke.

Mirre, sb. myrrh, S, PP; mir, S2; murre, PP; myrre, PP.—AS. myrre; Lat. myrrha (Vulg.); Gr. μύῤῥα.

Mirye, adj. merry, CM; see Mery.

Mis, adv. amiss, S, C3; mys, PP; mysse, S2.

Mis-, prefix; mys-, PP; mysse-, PP.—AS. mis-; Goth. missa-. Comb.: misbileue, suspicion, C3; misboden, injured, C, CM; misdede, misdeed, S, PP; misdeparten, to divide amiss, C2; misdo, to do amiss, PP, S, S2, C2; misfaren, to behave amiss, S; mysfare, to miscarry, PP; misgouernaunce, misconduct, C2; misgyed, misguided, C2; mys-happen, to meet with misfortune, PP; myshopand, despairing, H; misleuen, to believe wrongly, S; misliken, to displease, to be displeased, S, S2; misliking, displeasure, S2; myspay, to displease, H; misrede, to advise ill, S; misrempe, to go wide of the mark, S; mysreule, to misgovern, S3, PP; myssayde, abused, rebuked, slandered, PP; misseid, S2; missemand, misemand, unseemly, H; misteoðien, to mistithe (mis-iteoðeget, S); mistriste, to mistrust, C3; mysturne, to pervert, W, W2.

Mis-, prefix (of F. origin); see Mes-.

Mislich, adj. various, S; misliche, adv., S; mistlice, S.—AS. mislic (mistlic), various, adv. mislice (mistlice, Grein). For insertion of t see Sievers, 196, 1.

Misliche, adv. badly, miserably, S; missely, wrongly, S2.

Misse, sb. want, lack, fault, S; mysse, S, PP.

Missen, v. to miss, SD; mis, S2; mysseþ, pr. s., is without, PP.

Mister; see Mester.

Mistiloker, adj. comp. more mystic, PP; mystiloker, PP.

Misty, adj. mystic, mysterious; mysty, misticus, Prompt.; mistier, comp., PP.

Misty, adj. misty, nebulosus, Cath., Prompt.

Mite, sb. a mite, small coin, thing of no value, C3, Cotg. (s.v. minute); myte, PP; minutum, Cath., Prompt., WW. Comb.: mytewhile, a little while, PP. Cf. Minute.

Miteyn, sb. mitten, glove, C3; see Myteyne.

Mithen, v. to conceal, S, SD.—AS. míðan; cp. OHG. (bi)mídan (Tatian, p. 493).

Mix, sb. dung, S; a vile wretch, S2.—AS. mix, meox, meohx, Goth. maihstus; cp. OHG. mist (Tatian).

Mizzle, v. to rain slightly, S3, HD; miselle, mysylle, pluuitare, Cath.

Mo, adj. and adv. more, besides, others, S, S2, S3, C; moo, S3; ma, S, S2; may, pl., S3.—AS. má. (Mo properly means more in number; more means greater in magnitude.)

Mobyle, adj. moveable, S3; moebles, sb. pl., moveables, property, PP, C3; meobles, PP; mebles, PP.—OF. moble, also meuble (Cotg.); Lat. mobilem.

Moche, adj. and adv. great, much, S, S2, C2; see Muche.

Mochel; see Muchel.

Mod; see Mood.

Modder, sb. a young girl, Manip.; moder, Prompt.

Moder, sb. mother, S, S2, C, C3, PP; moderr, S; modir, W; modur, PP; mooder, S2, C2, C3; muddir, S3; moder, gen., S2, PP; modres, C3, PP. Comb.: moder-burh, metropolis, SD; moder-child, mother’s child, S; modirles, motherless, W2.—AS. módor: Lat. māter; see Douse, p. 51.

Modiȝleȝȝc, sb. pride, S.

Modiȝnesse, sb. pride, S.

Mody, adj. spirited, animosus, proud, PP, S2.

Moeued, pt. s. moved, disturbed, C3; see Mouen.

Moght, pt. s. might, S2; see Mahte.

Moich, adj. close, muggy, S3, JD.

Moile, v. to toil, to drudge, to defile, pollute, daub with dirt, SkD; moillen, to wet, SkD; moylynge, pr. p., S3.—AF. moiler, moiller, to wet; Late Lat. *molliare, from mollis, soft.

Moillier, sb. woman, wife, PP; muliere, PP; moylere, P.—OF. moillier, muiller; Lat. mulierem; cp. AF. mulier, muller.

Mok, sb. muck, filthy lucre, PP; muk, PP; mukke, Prompt.

Moky, adj. misty, HD. Cf. Moich.

Molde, sb. crumbling ground, earth, mould, S, S2, P, G; moolde, PP; mulde, WA; moldez, pl., dry pieces of mould, S2. Phr.: on molde, on the earth, in the world, S2, PP. Comb.: molde-ale, a funeral ale or banquet, Prompt.; mulde-mete, a funeral banquet, JD; moldwerp, mole, mouldcaster, SkD; moldwarp, Sh.; moldewarpe, Cath.—AS. molde. Cf. Mull.

Mole, sb. the moldwarp, talpa, Sh.; mowle, S3; molle, Prompt.—This word is short for molde-warp. See above.

Molte (for molt), pt. s. melted, S3; see Melten.

Mom, sb. the least sound that can be made with closed lips, PP, S2; mum, S3.

Momelen, v. to mumble, PP; mamely, P.

Mon, 1 pr. s. I must, B; pr. s., B; 2 pr. s., S3; mone, mayest, S2; pr. s., shall, S2; man, 1 pr. s., SD; 2 pr. pl., S2, B; mun, pr. s., S2, H.—Icel. munu, ‘debere’, pr. s. man (pl. munu).

Mon, sb. man, S; see Man.

Monchen, v. to munch, Cath. (n), Palsg., SkD; mounch, Sh.; munche, CM (4. 145); maunche, Palsg. (s.v. briffault); manche, Palsg.; mounchynge, pr. p., S3. Comb.: mounch-present, HD; maunche-present, Palsg., HD (s.v. munch); mawnche-presande, sycophant, Cath.; manch-present, dorophagus, Cath. (n).—Probably a variety of ME. maungen; OF. manger. For che = ge cp. ME. charche; OF. charche = charge (see MD), also F. revancher = OF. revenger (SkD).

Mone, sb. share, companion, S.—AS. (ge)mána, ‘societas’ (Voc.). See Ymone.

Mone, sb. moan, complaint, PP, S, S2; moone, PP, C; moon, S2; mayn, B; mayne, B, S3; mane, S2.

Mone, sb. moon, S, S2, S3, P; a lunation, P; moyne, Cath., B; moyn, B. Comb.: mone-dæi, dies lunae, Monday, S; moneday, S; mone-licht, moonlight, S.—AS. móna.

Monè, sb. money, S2; see Moneye.

Monek, sb. monk, S2; see Monk.

Monesten, v. to teach, admonish, W, W2, CM; moneishen, Cath. (n); monysche, Cath.; monest, pt. pl., B. See Amoneste.

Monestyng, sb. an admonition, W. W2, B; monyschynge, Cath.

Moneth, sb. month, S3, C, PP, B, WW, ND, Cath.; mooneþ, S2, PP; monythe, Prompt.; monyth, S2; monethe, W; monthe, PP; monthe, pl., C2; monethis, W. Comb.: moneth-minde, a service in memory of the dead a month after decease, ND; month-mind, HD; months minde, ND; months mind, a strong inclination, ND, Sh.—AS. mónað, from móna, moon.

Moneye, sb. money, C3, PP; monè, S2, PP.—AF. moneie, moneye, monee; Lat. moneta.

Moneyeles, adj. moneyless, PP; monelees, PP.

Mong-corn(e), sb. mixed corn, S3, Prompt.; moncorne, HD. See Mengen.

Moni, adj. many, S, S2; mony, S; see Manye.

Monk, sb. monk, PP; monek, S2; munec, S; muneces, pl., S; munekes, S; monekes, S, S2; monkes, S.—AS. munec; Lat. monachus; Gr. μοναχός, solitary.

Monkrye, sb. monkery, the race of monks, S3.

Monsede, pp. cursed, PP; see Mansed.

Moo-; see also under Mo-.

Mood, sb. anger, pride, mind, C; mod, S, S2; mode, dat., S, S2.—AS. mód; cp. OHG. muot (Tatian).

Moode, sb. mud, S3; see Mud.

Mool-bery, sb. mulberry, SkD; mulbery, Cath.—Cp. MHG. mūlber (G. maulbeere); OHG. mūrberi, mōrberi (the l in the later forms being due to dissimilation); see Kluge; AS. mór; OHG. mōr; Lat. morus. See More.

Moot, sb. assembly, G, PP; mot, PP. Comb.: moot-halle, hall of assembly, court, P, G, W; mote-halle, G, PP.—AS. mót. Cf. Mote.

Moralitee, sb. morality, i.e. a moral tale, C3.—OF. moralite (Cotg.).

Mordre, sb. murder, C; see Morther.

More, sb. mulberry-tree; mours, pl., H. Comb.: more-tre, mulberry-tree, W; moore-trees, pl., W2; mur-berien, pl. mulberries, Voc.—Lat. morus, mulberry-tree (Vulg.); cp. Gr. μόρον, mulberry. Cf. Moolbery.

More, sb. moor, Prompt., H, PP; mor, S2; mwr, B; mwre, S2, B.—AS. mór.

More, adj. and adv. comp. more, greater, elder, S, S2, W, W2, PP, WW; mor, S, PP; moare, S; mayr, S3, B; mair, B; mære, S; mare, S, S2; mar, S, B; marere, H.—AS. mára. See Mo.

More, sb. root, S2, PP, HD; moore, CM.—AS. mora (Voc. 135. 28, 29, 32); cp. MHG. morâ, more, see Weigand (s.v. möhre).

Moreyne, sb. murrain, PP; moreyn, S2, Prompt.; morrein, WW; moryn, H; murrins, pl., WW.—AF. morine; cp. Low Lat. morina, a pestilence among animals (Ducange).

Morkin, sb. a beast that dies by disease or accident, RD, HD, ND.—Cp. Late Lat. morticinium (Ducange), whence Ir. muirtchenn, Wel. burgyn.

Morknen, v. to rot, SD; mourkne, S2.—Icel. morkna.

Mormal, sb. cancer or gangrene, CM, C, Prompt., RD, SD, ND, HD; mormall, Palsg.; mortmal, ND; morimal, RD; marmole, RD.—Cp. Late Lat. malum mortuum, a disease of the feet and shins (Ducange).

Morris, adj. Moorish, sb. morris-dance, Sh., ND; morisco, SkD; a morris-dancer, SkD. Comb.: morris-dance, Moorish dance, Sh.; morrys-daunce, HD; morres-dauncers, morris-dancers, HD; morrice-bells, bells for a morris-dance, S3; morris-pike, a large pike (weapon), HD, Sh.—Late Lat. moriscus, Moorish.

Morsel, sb. morsel, PP, B; mossel, SkD; mussel, W, W2, PP; musselle, Voc.—AF. morsel; Lat. morsellum, a little bit; dimin. of morsus. Cf. Mosel.

Morther, sb. murder; morthir, PP; morthre, C; morder, PP; mordre, C.—AS. morðor; cp. Low Lat. murdrum.

Morther, v. to murder, PP, S2; morthre, C; mordre, C, C2; murther, C.

Mortherer, sb. murderer, PP; mordrer, C, C2.

Mortifie, v. to mortify, to produce change by chemical action, C3.—OF. mortifier; Lat. mortificare.

Mortreux, sb. messes of pounded meat, C; mortrewes, CM, PP; mortrwys, Prompt.; mortrws, Cath.; mortesse, Palsg.; mortrels, PP; mortreuus, (mortrews), PP, Prompt. (n) Voc.; mortrus, Voc.—OF. mortreux, see Ducange (s.v. mortea), connected with Lat. mortarium, a morter.

Morwe, sb. morrow, the morning, PP, S2, C2, C3; marewe, S2; morow, S3. Phr.: to morwe, cras, Voc. Comb.: morȝe-mete, morning meal, S; morewtid, morrow, W; morowtid, W; morutid, W2; morȝeue, dos nuptialis, SD; moryve, Prompt.

Morwen, sb. morn, morrow, S, PP; morȝen, SD. Phr.: to morwen, S.—AS. morgen, Goth. maurgins.

Morwenynge, sb. morning, PP, C2; morwnynge, S2; moreȝening, S.

Mose, sb. titmouse, S.—AS. máse, see SkD. (s.v. titmouse).

Mosel, sb. muzzle, nose of an animal, C, CM.—OF. musel (now museau): Prov. mursel: OF. *morsel. See Morsel, and cf. Musen.

Mosell, v. to muzzle, SkD; moosel, Manip.

Moskles, sb. pl. mussels (shell fish), S2; see Muskylle.

Most, adj. superl. greatest, chief, PP, S2; moste, S, PP; mooste, W2; mast, S2; maste, S2; maist, B; mayst, B; mest, S, S2; meste, C2; meast, S. Comb.: meste del, the greatest part, S2.—AS. mǽst.

Mot, 1 pr. s. may, must, S, C2, C3, PP; mote, S, PP; most, 2 pr. s., must, S, S2; mot, 2 pr. s. subj., S3; mot, pr. s., can, must, S, S2, S3; moot, S2, C; moȝt, S2; moten, pl., S, PP; mote, S2, PP; moste, pt. s., was obliged, S, S2, C3, PP; pl., S, S2; most, S2, PP; moist, pt. s., S3.—AS. mót, 2 pr. s., móst, pl. móton, pt. s. móste.

Mote, sb. moat, agger, fossa, P; a pond, Manip.; castle, palace, WA; moote, Prompt.; mot, PP.—OF. mote, embankment, also motte (Cotg.).

Mote, v. to summon before a mot (court), to plead, dispute, discuss a law case, PP, S2; mootyn, Prompt.; motien, S.—AS. mótian (Leo). See Moot.

Mote, sb. note on the huntsman’s horn, CM; moot, HD; mot, S3 (7. 16).—OF. mot, ‘the note winded by an huntsman on his horn’ (Cotg.).

Motlè, sb. motley, a dress of many colours, Prompt.; motley, Sh., ND; motteleye, C; mottelay, Cath.—OF. mattele, clotted, curdled (Cotg.).

Motoun, sb. a gold coin called a ‘mutton’ or sheep, P; mutoun, S2, PP; moton, PP.—OF. mouton; Late Lat. multonem (Ducange).

Motyf, sb. motive, incitement, S2, C3; motif, motion, argument, question, subject, PP.—OF. motif (Cotg.); Late Lat. motivum (Ducange).

Moucte, pt. s. might, S; mought, S3; see Mahte.

Moun, 1 pr. pl. may, S; see Mæi.

Mountance, sb. amount, space, duration, C3, CM; mountouns, S2, HD.—AF. mountance, OF. montance; see Ducange (s.v. montare).

Mounte, sb. mount, PP; mont, S2; munt, S; munte, dat., S.—AS. munt; Lat. montem; cp. AF. munt, mont, mount.

Mountein, sb. mountain, PP; montaine, S2; montain, S2; montaigne, C2; mountaigne, PP.—AF. mountaygne; Late Lat. montanea, ‘locus montanus’ (Ducange).

Mounten, v. to mount, PP.—OF. monter; Late Lat. montare.

Mountenaunce, sb. amount; mowntenawnce, Prompt.; mountenance, S3, ND. See Mountance.

Mour, sb. mulberry-tree, H; see More.

Mournen, v. to mourn, S2, PP; mornen, PP, S; murnen, S; morenen, pr. pl., W2; morenyden, pt. pl., W2.—AS. murnan.

Mournyng, pr. p. and adj. mourning, PP; moorning, C, C3; mornyng, S2.

Mous, sb. mouse, C, PP; mus, S; muse, dat., S; mys, pl., P; mees, PP; Comb.: mowsfalle, mousetrap, Prompt.; muse-stoch, mousetrap, S.—AS. mús.

Mouth, sb. mouth, face, PP, W2; muð, S; mudh, S. Comb.: muð-freo, mouth-free, S.—AS. múð: Goth. munths; cp. OHG. mund (Otfrid); see Sievers, 30.

Mouthen, v. to talk about, P; mouthed, pt. s., P.

Moutin, v. to mew, moult, cast feathers, Prompt.; mowtyn, Prompt., HD; moult, Sh.; moutes, pr. s., S2, SkD.—Lat. mutare. Cf. Mewen.

Mouȝt, sb. moth, W; mouȝte, W2, SkD; moghte, Cath.—ONorth. and AS. mohðe (Mt. 6. 20).

Mouen, v. to move, suggest, S; moeue, PP; meuen, PP; meuez, pr. s., S2; moeued, pt. s., C3; moeuyng, pr. p., S2, C3; meued, pp., S3.—AF. mover, OF. muveir, movoir, moveir; Lat. mouēre.

Mow, v. to be able, H; mown, Prompt.; mugen, S.—AS. *mugan (not found), see Sievers, 424. See Mæi.

Mowe, sb. kinswoman, S; mow, sister-in-law, Prompt.; moȝe, S; maȝe, SD.—AS. máge.

Mowe, sb. a grimace, CM, Prompt.; moe, Cotg., WW (p. 407); mow, WW.—OF. mouë (Cotg.).

Mowen, v. to make a grimace, Cath.; mowyn, Prompt. Der.: mowing, grimacing, S3; mowyng, W2; cachinnatus, Cath.; mouwyng, W2.

Mowen, v. to mow, reap, S, PP.—AS. máwan.

Mowtard, sb. moulting bird, Prompt. See Moutin.

Mowtynge, sb. moulting-season, PP, Prompt.

Moyste, adj. fresh, new, C2, C3, SkD; moyst, humidus, Prompt.; moste, moist, Cath.—OF. moiste, damp, moist; Late Lat. *mustius, *musteus (see BH, § 74, also Roland, p. 420); from Lat. mustum. See Must.

Moystin, v. to make moist, W, Prompt.; moyste, Voc.; moysted, pp., S2, Cath. (n).

Moystnesse, sb. moistness, humor, Voc.

Moysture, sb. moisture, Prompt.; mostour, maditas, Cath.

Moȝe, sb. kinswoman, S; see Mowe.

Muche, adj. and adv. great, much, S, S2, PP; moche, S, S2, C2, PP; miche, S2; myche, S, W, W2. Comb.: muchedel, a great part, S2; mychefold, manifold, W.

Muchel, adj. and adv. great, much, numerous, S, C2, PP; mochel, S2, C2, C3, PP; mochele, S; michel, S; micel, S; mikel, S, S2; mycel, S; mykel, S2, P; mukel, S, S2; mucele, S; mikle, S2; mekill, S3. Der.: muchelhede, greatness, SD; mykelhede, S2; mychilnesse, greatness, W2.—AS. micel (mycel): Goth. mikils.

Muchelin, v. to magnify, S; muclien, S; mucli, S; mikeland, pr. p., S2; mikeled, pp., S2.—AS. myclian: Goth. mikiljan.

Mud, sb. mud, Prompt.; moode, S3; mudde, S2 (13. 407), Cath., Manip.—Cp. OLG. mudde, see SkD.

Mudly, adj. muddy, H.

Mugen, v. to be able, S; see Mæi.

Mught, pt. s. might, S2, H; muhte, S; see Mahte.

Muk, sb. muck, filthy lucre, PP; see Mok.

Mukel, adj. great, S, S2; see Muchel.

Mull, sb. mould, rubbish, S2, Cath. (n); molle, Cath.; mol, Cath. (n); mul, Cath. (n).—Cp. Du. mul. See Molde.

Mullok, sb. rubbish, C3; mollocke, Cath. (n).

Multiplicacioun, sb. multiplying, i.e. the art of alchemy, C3.

Multiplye, v. to make gold and silver by the arts of alchemy, C3; multeplie, to increase, PP.—OF. multiplier; Lat. multiplicare.

Mum; see Mom.

Mun, pr. s. must, S2, H; see Mon.

Munec, sb. monk, S; see Monk.

Munen, v. to remind, to be mindful, S; see Mynne.

Muneȝing, sb. commemoration, S.

Mungen, v. to remember, PP; see Mengen.

Mungunge, sb. remembrance, reminding, S; munegunge, S; muneȝing, S.—AS. mynegung.

Munne, v. to relate, mention, remind, S: see Mynne.

Munstral, sb. minstrel, S2; see Mynstral.

Munt, sb. mount, S; see Mounte.

Munten, v. to think, to purpose, S2; myntis, pr. s. points, WA; munte, pt. s., S3; mint, S; i-munt, pp., S; i-mint, S; i-ment, S.—AS. (ge)myntan. See Mynde.

Murcnen, v. to murmur; murrcnesst, 2 pr. s., S.—AS. murcnian (Leo).

Murne, adj. sad, S, HD.—Cp. AS. murnan, to mourn.

Murnen, v. to mourn, S, WA; see Mournen.

Murnyn, sb. mourning, B.

Murrin, sb. murrain, WW; see Moreyne.

Murthe, sb. mirth, joy, PP, S; murth, PP; murhðe, S; murȝþe, S; myrthe, PP; mirthe, C; merthe, PP; muirth, PP; murþhes, pl., merrymakings, amusements, PP, S2; merthes, G.—AS. myrð, mirhð, from merg. See Mery.

Mury(e), adj. merry, S, C; see Mery.

Murȝen, v. to make merry, SD; murgeþ, pr. pl., S2.

Mus, sb. mouse, S; see Mous.

Musard, sb. a dreamy fellow, HD, Bardsley; musarde, CM.—OF. musart.

Muse, sb. dreaming vacancy, Spenser.

Musen, v. to ponder, wonder, PP, C3, WA, ND.—OF. muser, to muse, study, linger about a matter, to sniff as a hound, from *muse, a muzzle, nose of an animal (whence F. museau); Lat. morsus. For F. -u- from an orig. Lat. -or- cp. OF. jus from Late Lat. jūsum, Lat. deorsum, and F. sus from Lat. sūsum, seorsum, see Apfelstedt, § 43, and Constans (glossary). Cf. Mosel.

Muskylle, sb. mussel, a shell-fish, Cath.; muscles, pl., PP; moskles, S2.—AF. muskeles, pl., OF. muscle; Lat. musculum (acc.), dimin. of mus, mouse; cp. AS. musclan scel (Voc.).

Mussel, sb. morsel, W, W2; see Morsel.

Must, sb. new wine, W, W2.—Lat. mustum (Vulg.). Cf. Moiste.

Mustour, sb. dial, clock, WA.—Cp. F. montre (Brachet).

Mute, v. to dung (used of birds), SkD, WW, ND; meuted, pp., WW.—OF. mutir (Cotg.), esmeutir (Cotg.), esmeltir, (Littré); of Teutonic origin, cp. ODu. smelten, to smelt, liquefy; cp. It. smaltare, to mute as a hawk (Florio). Cf. Amellen.

Mutoun; see Motoun.

Muwen, pr. pl. may, S; muȝen, S; see Mæi.

Mwre, sb. moor, S2; see More.

Mydge, sb. midge, H (Ps. 104. 29); midge, Manip.; myge, gnat, culex, Voc., Cath.; myghe, S3.—AS. mycg (Voc.).

Myghte, pt. s. could, PP; myȝte, S2; see Mahte.

Myghte, sb. might, power, PP; miȝt, PP, S; miht, S, S2, PP; myȝt, S2; myhte, S; miȝte, S; mightes, pl., powers, virtues, S2; myhte, S.—AS. miht.

Myghtful, adj. powerful, PP; mihtful, PP; miȝtful, PP; myȝtful, PP; myȝtuolle, S2.

Myghtfulnes, sb. strength, S2.

Myghty, adj. mighty, SD; maȝty, S2; mæhti, S; magti, S; mihti, S; michti, S; miȝthi, S2; myghtely, adv., CM.—AS. meahtig.

Myht, 2 pr. s. mayest; see Mæi.

Myke, sb. the crutches of a boat, which sustain the main-boom or mast when lowered, S2.—Cp. Swed. mick, a crutch (sea-term).

Mylle, sb. mill, Prompt. Comb.: mylle-stone, mill-stone, Prompt.; myl-ston, Voc.; melstan, S; myln-stoon, W; mulle-stones, pl., PP.—AS. myln (Voc.); Lat. molina.

Mylnere, sb. miller, PP; mylner, PP; mulnere, PP; melner, PP; mellere, PP, C.

Mynde, sb. memory, remembrance, mention, PP, S2, S3, W, W2, CM, C2, Cath.; mende, Prompt.; mind, memory, mind, Sh.—AS. (ge)mynd; cp. OHG. gimunt, memory (Tatian). See Mynne.

Mynen, v. to mine, S2, W, W2.—OF. miner cp. Late Lat. minare (Ducange).

Myne-ye-ple, sb. (?), S3 (7. 62, note).

Mynne, sb. memory, SD; min, S2.—Icel. minni, memory; cp. AS. myne, mind. Cf. Mynde.

Mynne, v. to remember, mention, PP, S2, HD; munne, S; munyen, S; munen, S; mynand, pr. p., H; mines, 2 pr. s., S2; mined, pp., S2.—AS. (ge)mynnan (gemynian), to remember; also (ge)munan.

Mynnyng-day, sb. the day of memory of the dead, HD.

Mynour, sb. miner, C, SkD, PP; minour, PP.—AF. minour; Late Lat. minatorem (Ducange). See Mynen.

Mynstral, sb. minstrel, PP, Prompt.; minstral, PP; munstral, PP, S2; minstrales, pl., C2; menestrales, PP.—AF. menestral; Late Lat. ministralem, a servant (Brachet).

Mynstralcie, sb. music, minstrelsy, PP, C; minstralcye, C2; menstralcye, C; mynstracie, PP; minstracie, PP; mynstrasye, Prompt., S2.—AF. mynstralcye.

Mynstre, sb. minster, monastery, S, PP; minstre, S; ministre, S2; minnstre, the Jewish temple, S.—AS. mynster; Church Lat. monasterium; Gr. μοναστήριον.

Myrie, adj. pleasant, W2; see Mery.

Myrk, adj. dark, S2, H; see Merke.

Myrk, v. to darken, H.

Mys-, prefix; see both Mis- and Mes-.

Mysteir, v. to be necessary, B; mysters, pr. s. is needful, WA.

Myster, sb. trade, occupation, PP; see Mester.

Myster, sb. need, want, C, WA, B; see Mester.

Mystir, adj. lacking, needful, B.

Mystyrit, pp. injured by loss (of blood), S3.

Myteyne, sb. cuff, glove, Prompt., S3; miteyn, C3; mytane, Cath.; myttan, Voc.—OF. mitaine (Cotg.); cp. Low Lat. mitana (Ducange).

Myȝt, sb. power, S2; see Myght.

Myȝte, pt. s. might, S2; see Mahte.

Spotted a typo or a problem in this chapter? Tell us

N

Na, adv. not, S; see No.

Na, adj. no, S; see Nan.

Nabben, v. not to have; naue, 1 pr. s., PP; nauest, 2 pr. s., S; nauestu, thou hast not, S; nastu, S; naueþ, pr. s., S; nað, S, PP, S2; neþ, S2; nabbeþ, pl., S2; naue, S2; nadde, pt. s., S; nad, PP; nedde, PP, S2; nauedes, 2 pt. s., S; næueden, pl., S.—AS. nabban (= ne habban).

Nabod, for Ne abod, abode not, S. See Abiden.

Nacioun, sb. nation, C; nacion, Cath., WA.—AF. nacioun, naciun; Lat. nationem.

Naddren, pl. adders, S; nadres, S; see Nedder.

Nadrinke, for Ne adrinke, let (it) not drown, S.

Naht, sb. night, SD; see Nyght.

Naht, adv. not, S; see Nought.

Nahte, pt. s. had not, S; see Owen.

Naked, adj. naked, bare, undefended by body-armour, PP, C3; naket, PP, S; nakid, S2; nakit, S2. Phr.: in naked bedde, au lict couché tout nud, Palsg., HD, ND.—AS. nacod; cp. OHG. nakot (Otfrid), Icel. naktr.

Naken, v. to lay bare, SkD (s.v. naked).—ONorth. (ge)nacian (Mk. 2. 4).

Naker, sb. kettle-drum, S2, C, HD.—OF. nacre, also nagaire, nacaire, naquaire, anacaire (cp. Byzantine Gr. ἀνάκαρον); a word borrowed from the Turks; cp. Kurdish nakára, see Ducange, Diez.

Naknen, v. to strip; nacnes, pr. s., S; nakned, pp., HD.

Nale; in phr. Atte nale for At ten ale (at þen ale), at the ale, P. See Ale.

Nam, 1 pr. s. am not, S, S2, P, C; næm, S; nart, 2 pr. s., S, S2; nis, pr. s., is not, S, C, C2; nys, S; nas, pt. s., S, S2, HD, PP; nes, S, S2; nere, pl., S, S2, C; neoren, S; nare, S.—ONorth. nam (= ne am).

Nam, pt. s. took, S; see Nimen.

Nameliche, adv. especially, S2, C; see Nomeliche.

Nan, adj. none, no, S; see Non.

Nap, sb. cup, S; neppe, dat., S.—AS. hnæp (Voc.); cp. OHG. hnapf, OF. hanap (Bartsch), Low Lat. nappus (Ducange).

Nappen, v. to nap, slumber, nod, PP, C3, W. Der.: napping, slumber, W2; nappy, sleep-inducing, S3, ND.—AS. hnæppian.

Napron, sb. apron, SkD; naprun, Prompt.—OF. naperon, from nape, a cloth; Low Lat. napa; Lat. mappa (Punic word).

Narde, sb. nard, an unguent, W.—Lat. nardus (Vulg.); Gr. ναρδός (Persian word).

Narwe, adj. narrow, C; narewe, S; nareu, S; narwȝ, W; nearowe, S; neruwe, S; narwe, adv., closely, PP.—AS. nearu, adv. nearwe.

Nas, pt. s. was not, S, S2; see Nam.

Nat, for Ne at, nor at, S2.

Nað, pr. s. has not, S, PP, S2; see Nabben.

Natiuite, sb. nativity, S2, C2.—OF. nativité (Cotg.); Lat. natiuitatem.

Natte, sb. mat, scorium, buda, Voc., Cath.; natt, HD, Voc.; nat, Palsg.—OF. natte (Cotg.); Late Lat. natta; Lat. matta (probably a variant of mappa). See Napron.

Naue, Nauest; see Nabben.

Nauȝty, adj. having nothing, very poor, P. See Nought.

Nauele, sb. navel, PP; nawle, W2; naule, PP; navyle, Voc.; nawelle, Voc.; nawylle, Voc.—AS. nafela.

Nay, adv. nay, PP, S3, WA; nai, S, S2. Phr.: nay whan, nay when? i.e. not so, when (will you do it), S3; withoute nay, without denial, G; it is no nay, there is no denying it, G, C2.—Cp. Icel. nei.

Nayl, sb. nail, finger-nail, S, C2; nayle, Voc.; neil, S; nayles, pl., PP.—AS. nægel cp. Icel. nagl.

Naylen, v. to nail, Cath.; naȝlen, S; nailen, PP, C2.

Nayten, v. employ, use, S2, WA.—Icel. neyta; cp. AS. notian; weak verb, from Icel. njóta; cp. AS. néotan. Cf. Noten.

Naytly, adv. neatly, fit for use, S2.—From Icel. neytr, fit for use.

Naytyn, v. to deny, Prompt., SD, HD.—Icel. neita. Cf. Niten.

Ne, adv. and conj. not, nor, S, S2, S3.—AS. ne, not, nor.

Neb, sb. face, S, HD. Der.: nebsseft, face, appearance, presence, S2; nebscheft, SD.—AS. nebb, beak, face (OET).

Nece, sb. niece, PP; neipce, granddaughter, S3; neece, WW (p. 417).—AF. nece, niece; Late Lat. neptia; in the place of Lat. neptis, a granddaughter, a niece; see BH, § 32.

Nedde, pt. s. had not, S; see Nabben.

Nedder, sb. adder, snake, H; neddyr, Cath., Prompt.; neddere, Cath. (n); neddre, S; nedyr, Voc.; nedyre, Voc.; naddren, pl., S; nadres, S; nedris, HD; neddren, S. Comb.: nedyrcopp, spider, Voc.—AS. nædre: Goth. nadrs; cp. OHG. natrá (Tatian).

Nede, sb. need, peril, business, also as pred. adj. necessary, needful, C2, W, PP; neode, PP, S; niede, S; neod, S, S2, PP; ned, S; need, C2; neid, B; nedes, pl., S2, PP; nede, adv., necessarily, S, C2, PP; nedes, needs, of necessity, S2, C, PP; nedis, W; neodes, S2, PP; needely, C; nedelich, W. Der.: nedful, needy, necessary, S; nedfol, S2, PP; neodful, S, PP; needles, needlessly, C2; neidwais, of necessity, S2, B.—OMerc. néd (VP), AS. nýd: Goth. nauths; cp. OS. nód, OHG. nót (Tatian).

Neden, v. to force, compel, to need, S; neid, B; nedeþ, pr. s., there is need, it is necessary, PP, C; neodeþ, S, PP.—AS. nédan (OET).

Nedle, sb. needle, C3, P; nedele, PP; nedel, PP; nelde, PP; neelde, PP.—Der.: nedelere, needle-seller, PP; neldere, PP.—AS. nǽdl: OHG. nádela, also náldá (Tatian).

Neer, adj. comp. nearer, C2; see Nerre.

Neet, sb. ox, cattle, PP, S, S2, C; net, S; niatt, S; nowt, S; nete, H, PP. Comb.: neet-hirde, sb. neat-herd, Prompt.—AS. néat, ox, cattle: Icel. naut; cp. OHG. nóz, ‘jumentum’ (Tatian).

Nefen, v. to name, S2; see Neuenen.

Ne-for-thi, adv. nevertheless, S2.—AS. ne for ðý.

Neghen, num. nine, S2; see Nyne.

Nehlechen, v. to approach, S; neolechin, S.—AS. néalǽcan from néah. See Neih.

Neih, adv. nigh, nearly, almost, PP, S; neyh, G; neh, S, S2; ney, PP, S; neȝ, S; negh, PP; ny, PP, Prompt.; niȝ, W; nyȝ, W, W2; neigh, S2; neiȝe, P; neighe, PP; nyȝe, PP. Comb.: neyhebour, neighbour, G; neighebor, C2; neighburgh, S2; nehgebur, S; neihhond, close at hand, S.—AS. néah; cp. OHG. náh (Tatian).

Neihen, v. to be nigh to, to approach, PP; neighen, PP; neghen, PP, H, S2; neiȝen, PP, W; neȝen, S2; neȝh, S2; neyȝhen, S2.—AS. néhwan: Goth. nehwjan, from nehwa, nigh. See Neih.

Neipce, sb. granddaughter, S3; see Nece.

Neither, neg. pron. and conj. neither, SD; neyþer, S; noither, P; neithyr, Prompt.; nethir, not, W.—AS. ne + ǽghwæðer. See Eiðer.

Neiȝ, in phr. no neiȝ for non eiȝ, i.e. no eggs, S2. See Ey.

Nekke, sb. neck, S, C, PP. Comb.; nekke-boon, neck-bone, S2, C2; nekke-bon, PP.—AS. hnecca (OET.).

Nelle, 1 and 3 pr. s. will not, PP, S; nell, S; nel, S; nele, S; nulle, S, PP; nule, S; nul, PP, S2; nile, S, PP; nil, PP, C2; nullich, I will not, S; nulich, S; nuly, S2; nult, 2 pr. s., wilt not, S; neltu, thou wilt not, S; neltow, P; nultu, S; nelleð, pl., S; nolleþ, S2; nollen, PP; nulleþ, S; nulen, S; nolde, pt. s., would not, S, PP; nalde, S.—AS. nyllan. See Wille.

Nemnen, v. to name, mention, call, S, S2, S3; nempnen, PP, S2.—AS. nemnan: Goth. namnjan. Cf. Neuenen.

Neod, Neodes; see Nede.

Neodeþ, pr. s. is needful, S; see Neden.

Neomen, v. to take, receive, S; see Nimen.

Neomenye, sb. feast of the new moon, W.—Lat. neomenia (Vulg.); Gr. νουμηνία, νεομηνία.

Neowcin, sb. harm, injury, S.—Icel. nauðsyn, need, impediment, see SkD (s.v. essoin, p. 802).

Neowe, adj. new, S; see Newe.

Neowel, adj. deep; niwel, SD; nuel, SD. Der.: neowelnesse, the deep, abyss, S.—AS. neowol, néol, niwol, prone, deep (GET, Grein).

Neoȝe, num. nine, S2; see Nyne.

Neppe, sb. turnip, rapa, Voc.; nepe, Alph.—AS. nǽp; Lat. nāpus.

Nercotyk, sb. narcotic, C.—Late Lat. narcoticum [medicamen], (SB); Gr. ναρκωτικός, benumbing.

Nere, sb. kidney, Voc.; neere, Prompt.; neres, pl., reins, H; nerys, ren, Voc. Comb.: kidnere, kidney, SkD; kydney, Voc.—Icel. nýra, pl. nýru: OHG. niero; cp. Gr. νεφρός see Curtius, ii. 93.

Nere, pt. pl. were not, S, S2, C; see Nam.

Nerre, adj. and adv. comp. nearer, H, PP; narre, H; nere, PP; ner, PP, C2, C; nier, S; neer, W, C2. Comb.: nerhand, nearly, H.—AS. néarra (néara), adj.; néar, adv.

Neruwe, adj. narrow, S; see Narwe.

Nes, pt. s. was not, S, S2; see Nam.

Nesche, adj. tender, soft, S; nesshe, S; neshe, Voc.; nesh, ND; nasche, S2; neische, W2; nesse, HD. Der.: nesshede, tenderness, S2.—AS. hnesce.

Neschen, v. to soften, SD; nesshen, S; nessen, H; neyssen, H.—AS. hnescian.

Nese, sb. nose, S, S2, Prompt., PP, Voc.; neose, PP; nose, Voc.; noose, W A. Comb.: nosebleed, the plant yarrow, Alph.; noseblede, millifolium, Alph.; nese-hende, purulus, Voc.; nese-thirl, nostril, H; nes-thyrylle, Voc.; nose-thirl, W2; nose-thurl, C; noyss-thyrlys, pl., S3.—AS. nosu; cp. OHG. nasa; see Kluge, and Sievers, 274.

Nesen, v. to sneeze; nesyn, Prompt.; neese, WW.—Cp. Icel. hnjósa.

Nest, adj. and adv. superl. next, nearest, PP, S, S2; neist, S2; nixte, S; nexte, C, PP; nexst, S, S2. Comb.: nestfald, nearest, S.—AS. níehsta, adj.; néhst adv.

Nest, sb. nest, PP; nestes, pl., PP. Der.: nestlingis, nestlings, PP.—AS. nest; cp. Lat. nīdus (for nisdus), OIr. net; see Brugmann, § 590.

Nesten, pt. pl. knew not, S; see Not.

Nestlen, v. to build nests, S2.

Neþ, pr. s. has not, S2; see Nabben.

Neðen, adv. from below, S.—AS. neoðan, beneath.

Neðer, adj. comp. nether, S; see Niðer.

Nette, sb. net, Cath., Manip.; nett, Prompt., Voc., W (p. 234); net, W (p. 123); nettes, pl., C2.—AS. nett: Goth. nati, see Sievers, 247.

Neue, sb. nephew, S.—AS. nefa.

Neuenen, v. to name, S2, C3, H, HD; nefen, S2. Der.: neuening, naming, S.—Icel. nefna, (from nafn, name): Goth. namnjan, from namn- stem of namo, name. Cf. Nemnen.

Neuere, adv. never, PP, S; neure, S, PP; næuere, S; næure, S; neauer, S; nauere, S; nefre, S; nefer, S; nafre, S; neare, S3; nere, W; ner, HD, S2. Comb.: neuer a del, not a bit, C3; neuremore, nevermore, S; neuer the neer, none the nearer, C3; neuer the latter, nevertheless, H.—AS. nǽfre.

Neueu, sb. nephew, S2; nevew, C2; nevo, B.—AF. nevu, nephew, grandson; Lat. nepōtem.

Newe, adj. new, PP, C2; neowe, S; nywe, S; niwe, S2; newe, adv., newly, anew, PP, C; newly, newly, again, PP; nuly, S3. Comb.: newefangel, catching at novelty, C2; newefangelnes, fondness for novelty, C2, S3.—AS. neowe, niwe.

Newen, v. renew, S, S2, PP.—AS. niwian.

Newte, sb. newt, Prompt.; ewte, Prompt. See Euete.

Ney, adv. nigh, nearly, S; neȝ, S; see Neih.

Neynd, ord. ninth, S2; see Nyne.

Neȝen, v. to neigh, SkD. Der.: neiyng, sb. a neighing, W2.—AS. hnǽgan; cp. Icel. hneggja.

Niatt, sb. pl. cattle, S; see Neet.

Nich, adv. no, S.—AS. ne + ic, I; see Sievers, 332.

Nieþe, ord. ninth, S; see Nyne.

Nif, for Ne if, if not, except; nyf, S2.

Nifle, sb. trifle, HD, ND; nyfles, pl., CM, Palsg.; nines, Cotg. (s.v. nigeries).—OF. nifles, trifles (Palsg.). Cf. Niuelen.

Nigard, sb. a niggard, a miser, PP; nygard, C, CM, PP; nygarde, PP, Palsg.; nygart, CM. Cf. Nygun.

Nigardie, sb. stinginess, SkD, HD; nigardye, CM; nygardye, CM.

Night, Nigt, Niht; see Nyght.

Nigromancye, sb. magic, sorcery, PP; nigramauncy, S2; nigramansy, B; nigromance, Cath.—OF. nigromance (Bartsch); cp. Low Lat. nigromantia (Ducange); Late Lat. necromantia, necromancy; Gr. νεκρομαντεία, divination by communion with the dead.

Niker, sb. water-sprite, SD; nykyr, siren, Prompt.; nyckers, pl., SPD; nykeren, SPD (p. 255).—AS. nicor, a water-demon (Grein); cp. Icel. nykr, hippopotamus: OHG. nichus, ‘crocodilus,’ see Grimm, Teut. M. p. 488.

Nil, pr. s. will not, C2; see Nelle.

Nimen, v. to take, S, S2; nymen, PP; nemen, PP; neomen, S; nam, pt. s., PP, G, S; nom, S, S2; nem, S2; nome, 2 pt. s., S, PP; nomen, pl. S, PP; neme, S; numen, pp., seized, gone, S; nummun, S2; nome, S2. Der.: niminge, a taking, capture, S.—AS. niman, pt. nam (pl. námon, pp. numen.

Nin, for Ne in, nor in, C2.

Nis, pr. s. is not, S, C, C2; see Nam.

Niseien, pt. pl. for Ne iseien, saw not, S.

Niste, pt. s. knew not, S; see Not.

Niswicst, 2 pr. s. for Ne iswicst, ceasest not, S.

Niten, v. to refuse, S2, JD; nyte, JD; nite, pp., WA.—Icel. níta, to deny. Cf. Naytyn.

Niten, pr. pl. know not, S; see Not.

Nið, sb. envy, malice, S. Der.: niðful, envious, S; nyþful, S.—AS. níð; cp. Goth. neith.

Niðen, v. to envy, SD.—Icel. níða, to revile.

Niðer, adv. below, S; adj. comp., lower, S; neðer, S; nethir, B; neðement, superl., lowest, SD. Der.: neðerward, downwards, SD.—AS. niðer, nioðor, downward, neoðera, lower, nether, SkD.

Niðer-wenden, v. to go down, S.

Niðing, sb. a coward, a niggard, S; nything, PP.—AS. níðing, a coward, outlaw; cp. Icel. níðingr.

Niuelen, v. to snivel, S; nyuelen, PP.—Cp. OF. nifler (Cotg.). See Nifle.

Niwe, adj. new, S2; see Newe.

Niȝen, num. nine, S; see Nyne.

No, adv. and conj. not, nor, no, S, S2, SkD, B, HD; na, S, S2, B. Comb.: no but, except, unless, S2, W; no þe les, not the less, nevertheless, S; na þe les, S, S2; neoþeles, S; ne the les, W; na þe mo, none the more, S2; na war, were it not for, but for, S2, B.—AS. ná (= ne + á).

Noble, adj. noble, WA; nobylle, Cath.; nobliche, adv., nobly, S2; nobilly, Cath.—AF. noble; Lat. nobilem.

Noble, sb. noble, a coin so called worth 6_s._ 8_d._, S3, C3, P, WA.—Cp. Late Lat. nobile (Ducange).

Noblen, v. to ennoble, C3.

Noblesse, sb. nobility, worthy behaviour, S2, C3; magnificence, honour, C2.—F. noblesse; OF. noblesce; Late Lat. nobilitia.

Noblete, sb. nobleness, richness, S2.—OF. noblete (Bartsch); Lat. nobilitatem.

Nobley, sb. splendour, grandeur, dignity, nobility, assembly of nobles, C3, HD; nobleye, S2, C2; noblay, H, B, WA; nobelay, HD; nobillay, B.—AF. noblei; Late Lat. nobletum; cp. OF. noblet (Bartsch).

Nodle, sb. noddle, head, Prompt.; nodyl, Prompt.; noddle, Sh.

Noff, for Ne off, nor of, S.

Nok, sb. nook, corner, piece, SD; nuk, B; nwk, B; noke, WA, HD. Comb.: ferþyng noke, a piece of a farthing, S2; nook-shotten, spawned in a corner, Sh.

Noke, in phr.: atte noke = atten oke, at the oak, S2. See Ook.

Nokke, sb. nock, notch, Prompt. Comb.: nocke of a bow, oche de l’arc, Palsg.

Nol, sb. the head, the neck, W, W2; noll, WA; nolle, PP.—AS. hnoll, the top of the head.

Nolde, pt. s. would not, S; see Nelle.

Nolleþ, 1 pr. pl. we desire not, S2; see Nelle.

Nombre, sb. number, C; nowmber, Cath.; nummer, S3.—AF. numbre, noumbre; Lat. numerum (acc.).

Nombren, v. to number, PP; noumbren, W2; y-noumbred, pp., S3.—AF. numbrer, noumbrer; Lat. numerare.

Nome, sb. pledge, hostage, S.—AS. nám, pledge seized (Schmid). See Nymen.

Nome, sb. name, PP, S, S2; nam, S2; name, Voc.—AS. nama (noma): Goth. namo.

Nomeliche, adv. especially, S; nameiche, S2, C; namelich, P, S3; namely, PP.

Non, adj. no one, none, no, PP, S, S2; noon, C2; nan, S, S2; no, PP, S; na, S, S2, B; nane, B; nenne, acc., S. Comb.: na kyn, of no kind, B; nakin, B; na kyn thing, in no degree, B, S2; na kyn wiss, no way, B; nan more, no more, S; na more, S, S2; na mare, S2; na mo, P; nammo, S2; no mo, C; na þing, nothing, not at all, S; no þing, S2; no whar, nowhere, S; no war, S; no hwer, S; nour, S2; nou hwider, no whither, S; no hwider, S; no wider wardes, in no direction, S; nones kunnes, of no kind, S; nones weis, in no way, S; nanes weis, S.—AS. nán.

None, sb. the hour of ‘none,’ i.e. the ninth hour, 3 p.m., also noon, mid-day, S, PP; nowne, S3; noyne, B; non, S, S2, PP; noon, PP; nones, pl., the noon-tide meal, PP. Comb.: nun-mete, a noon meal, Prompt.; none-chenche, a noon-drinking, nunchion, SkD; noone-steede, place of noon, meridian, S3; non-tid, noon-tide, S.—AS. nón; Lat. nōna (hora).

Nones, in phr. for þe nones (for for þen ones), i.e. for the once, for the nonce, for the occasion, S2, S3, C2; with the nones, on the condition, G. See Oones.

Nonne, sb. nun, S2, C, C2, P; nunne, PP.—OF. nonne; Late Lat. nonna; cp. AS. nunne, in the Laws (Schmid).

Nonnerie, sb. nunnery, S2.—OF. nonnerie.

Noot, 1 and 3 pr. s. know not, knows not, C; see Not.

Noppe, sb. nap (of cloth), Prompt., Cath.

Noppe, v. to take the nap off, Cath.—AS. hnoppian, see Voc.

Norice, sb. nurse, C, C2, SkD; nurice, SkD; nursche, W.—AF. norice; Lat. nutricem.

Norischen, v. to nourish, PP; norischi, S2; norishen, C2; nurischen, W, W2; nurschen, PP; norsshen, PP.—OF. noriss-, stem of norissant, pp. of norir; Lat. nutrire.

Norture, sb. good breeding, nurture, SkD, G.—AF. norture, noriture; Late Lat. nutritura (Ducange).

Noselen, v. to thrust the nose in, to nuzzle; nosyll, Palsg.; nousle, Sh. See Nese.

Noselen, v. to cause children to put their noses in, to nurse, to rear up, to fondle closely; nosell, S3; nousle, Sh.; nusled, pp., HD (s.v. nousle).

Nose-thirl, sb. nostril, W2; see Nese.

Not, 1 and 3 pr. s. know not, knows not, PP, S, S2; noot, PP, C; note, S3; niten, pl., S; nuten, S; nuste, pt. s., S, S2, PP; nyste, S2; niste, C2; neste, PP; nyst, pl., PP; nesten, S.—AS. nytan (= ne witan). See Witen.

Notable, adj. well-known, conspicuous, notorious, dazzling, WW.—OF. notable; Lat. notabilem.

Note, sb. nut, S, S2, Voc.; nute, SkD. Comb.: not-heed, a head like a nut, C; note-muge, nutmeg, S2, C2; note-migge, Prompt.; nut-shale, nutshell, S3.—AS. hnutu.

A better explanation of not-heed is ‘with the hair of the head closely cut.’ The verb to nott means to cut the hair close. ‘Tondre, to sheer, clip, cut, powle, nott’; Cotgrave.

Note, sb. business, attempt, employment, labour, S, S2, WA; not, B.—AS. notu, use, employment.

Noteful, adj. useful, serviceable, H.

Noten, v. to enjoy, S; notye, PP.—AS. notian, to enjoy; cp. Icel. neyta. Cf. Nayten.

Nother, neg. pron. and conj. neither, nor, PP, S, S2, SkD; nothir, B; nouðer, S, S2; nouþur, PP; nowðer, S; nawþer, S2; naðer, S; nor, SkD.—AS. náhwæðer (náwþer, náþer). See Other.

Nou, adv. now, PP, S, S2; nu, S, S2. Comb.: nou a dayes, now-a-days, PP; now and now, occasionally, C2.—AS. nú.

Nouche, sb. clasp, buckle, jewel, CM, WA; nowche, C2, Prompt., SkD; ouche, WW; owche, SkD; ouches, pl., broaches, monilles, Cotg., WW; owchis, WW.—OF. nouche, nosche, also nusche (Roland); OHG. nuscha.

Nought, neg. pron. and adv. nothing, not, C; nouht, S, PP; nouct, S; nouȝt, PP; noht, S; nocht, S; noȝt, S, S2; noght, S2; nout, S, S2; nowt, S; nowiȝt, S; nowiht, S; nacht, S; naht, S; nawiht, S; nawt, S; naut, S; naȝt, S2; naght, S2; nauȝt, PP, S2; naught, C2; nat, PP, S2, C; not, W; nogth, H (Ps. 108. 25); nouth, S (18. 442); nouthe, HD. Comb.: nocht forthi, notwithstanding, nevertheless, S2; noght forthi, H; nat for thy, S2.—AS. náwiht (= ne + áwiht). See Ought.

Nought, adj. worthless, bad, naught, naughty, WW; naught, S3; nauht, PP. Der.: naughty, bad, WW, Sh.; nauȝty, having nothing, PP.

Noumbles, sb. pl. entrails of a deer or beast, Palsg.; nombles, burbilia, Cath. (n) HD, Voc.; nownbils, Cath.; nowmyllis, Cath. Phr.: numbles of a stag, nombles d’un cerf Cotg.—OF. nombles, pl.; cp. Late Lat. numbulus for Lat. lumbulus, dimin. of lumbus, loin.

Noumbren, v. to number, W2; see Nombren.

Noumpere, sb. umpire, arbitrator, SkD, P; nowmpere, Prompt.; nompeyr, PP; nounpere, PP; owmpere, Prompt.; umpere, SkD.—OF. non per, odd, not even; Lat. non parem.

Nouthe, adv. now, C, P; now þe, S2; nuðe, S.—AS. nú ðá, now then.

Nouelrie, sb. novelty, C2; nouellerie, S2.—OF. novelerie, from novel, novel, new.

Nouys, sb. novice, C2, Voc.; nouyce, WW.—OF. novice (Cotg.); Lat. nouicium.

Nowel, sb. Christmas, CM; nowelle, HD.—OF. noël; Lat. natalem.

Nowt, sb. cattle, S. See Neet.

Noye, sb. suffering, annoyance, PP; nuy, PP, S2; nwy, S2. See Anoy.

Noyen, v. to annoy, to grieve, to harm, S2, W, P, H; nuyen, 2; nwyen, S2. See Anoyen.

Noyful, adj. hurtful; noiful, W2.

Noynement; a noynement (for an oynement), an ointment, S2. See Oynement.

Noyous, adj. hurtful, annoying, W, WW (p. 421).

Nul, Nule, Nulle; see Nelle.

Nultu, wilt not, S; see Nelle.

Numen, pp. taken, seized, S; see Nimen.

Nummer, sb. number, S3; see Nombre.

Nunne, sb. nun, PP; see Nonne.

Nurhð, sb. murmuring, S.

Nurnen, v. to murmur, SD.—AS. gnornian, to mourn.

Nursche, sb. nurse, W; see Norice.

Nurschen, v. to nourish, PP; see Norischen.

Nuste, pt. s. knew not, S, S2, PP; see Not.

Nuy, sb. annoyance, S2; see Noye.

Nyce, adj. foolish, C2, C3, PP; nic- PP, C2; nise, PP; nyse, S2; nyss, S3.—OF. nice (Bartsch); Lat. nēscium, ignorant, see Brachet, § 60.

Nycete, sb. folly, B, PP; nycetee, C3 nysete, PP; nysste, B.—AF. nicet timidity, also in OF. sloth, simplicity (Cotg.).

Nyght, sb. night, Voc., PP; niȝt, S2, PP; nicht, S; nyht, S2; niht, S, PP; naht, SD; naȝt, S2; nyth, PP; night, pl., C; nigt, S; niht, adv., at night, by night, S; nihtes, S2; niȝtes, PP; nyghtes PP; nyȝtes, PP. Adv. phr.: a nyghtes PP; bi nihtes, S; bi nihte, S; a niȝt, S; o nigt, S. Comb.: nyhtegale, nightingale, S2; niȝtegale, S; nyghtingale C3; niȝtingale, S; nycht-hyrd, guardian of the night, S3; niht-old, a night old stale, not freshly gathered, S2; nyȝt-old PP; nightertale, the night-time, C; nyȝtertale, WA; naghtertale, S2.—AS. niht, neht, neaht: Goth. nahts; cp. Lat. noctem. With the deriv. nightertale cp. Icel. náttartal a number of nights.

Nygun, sb. niggard, miser, S2; nyggoun, G, CM. Cf. Nigard.

Nykken, v. in phr.: nykken with nay, to deny, refuse, HD.

Nymyl, adj. quick at seizing, nimble, active, Prompt.—AS. numol (in compounds). See Nimen.

Nyne, num. nine, PP; niȝen, S; neghen, S2; neoȝe, S2; nihe, S. Der.: nynt, ninth, S3; neynd, S2; nieþe, S.—AS. nigon (WS. neogon): Goth. niun; cp. Lat. nouem; see Brugrnann, § 152.

Nyrvyl, sb. a little man, Prompt.; nuruyll, a dwarf, Prompt.—Cp. Icel. nyrfill, a miser.

Nyȝ, adv. nigh, nearly, W, W2; see Neih.

Spotted a typo or a problem in this chapter? Tell us

O

O, num. one, a, S; see Oon.

O, adv. ever, aye, always, S; oo, S2, NED; a, S; aa, S. Comb.: a buten, ever without, S, SkD (s.v. aye); a bute, S; for ay and oo, for ever and ever, NED.—AS. a (for áwa); cp. Goth. aiw, ever. Cf. Ay.

O-, prefix; see On- (1).

Obediencer, sb. an officer in a monastery, PP.—Church Lat. obedientiarius (Ducange).

Obeisant, adj. obedient, C2; obeysand, B.—OF. obeïssant, pr. p. of obeïr.

Obeisaunce, sb. obedience, C, C2; obeisances, pl., submissive acts, C2.—AF. obeïsaunce.

Obeiss, v. to obey, B; obeischen, S2, W; obeschynge, pr. p., W.—From OF. obeïss- stem of obeïssant, pr. p. of obeïr.

Obeley, sb. oblation, oblata, Voc.; see Oble.

Obeye, v. to obey, W, C2; obeiede, pt. s., W.—OF. obeier, for obeïr; Lat. obedire.

Oble, sb. oblation; obles, pl., oblationes, H.—OF. oble, Lat. oblatum; cp. OF. oblee (now oublie); Church Lat. oblata (Ducange). Cf. Ouelete.

Oblischen, v. to bind, W2; oblyse, JD; oblyste, pp., S3; oblysched, HD; oblisched, HD; oblyshed, HD.—AF. obliger; Lat. obligare.

Obout, adv. about, S2; see Abouten.

Obout-ga, v. to go about, S2.

O-brode, adv. abroad, P; see Abrode.

Obseruance, sb. homage, C, S3; obseruances, pl., attentions, C2.—OF. observance (Cotg.).

Obserue, v. to favour, C2.—OF. observer; Lat. obseruare.

Obumbrat, pp. overshadowed, S3.—Lat. obumbratus.

Oc, conj. but, S, HD; occ, S; see Ac.

Occean, sb. ocean, S2; occian, SD, W2; occyan, WA, HD.—AF. occyane; Late Lat. occeanus; Lat. oceanus: Gr. ὠκεανός.

Occident, sb. West, S2, S3, C3.—AF. occident; Lat. occidentem, pr. p. of occidere, to set (of the sun).

Occupy, v. to make use of, employ, possess, S3, C2, PP, B.—OF. occuper; Lat. occupare, see SkD.

Odde, adj. odd, single, S2, SD.—Cp. Icel. oddi, point of land, odd number. See Ord.

Oerre, sb. anger, S. See Eorre.

Of, prep. and adv. of, out of, from, by, off, S, S2, C2, C3, WW; o, S, S2, H; off, SkD; a, S2, PP, S3.—AS. of: Goth. af: OHG. aba (Tatian): Gr. ἀπό; see Sievers, 51, 130.

Of, though, H (Ps. 125. 1), WA.—For ME. þof. See Þoȝ.

Of-dreden, v. to frighten; reflex. to dread greatly, S; of-drade, S; of-dradde, pt. s., S; of-drad, pp., S; of-dred, S; of-dret, S2.—AS. of-drædan. Cf. A-drad (A- 3).

O-ferrum, adv. afar, S2; oferrom, WA; see Aferre.

Offensioun, sb. offence, damage, C; offencioun, W.—Lat. offensionem.

Of-feren, v. to terrify, SD; offearen, S; offerd, pp., S; oferd, S.

Offertoire, sb. offertory, anthem sung before the oblation, C.—OF. offertoire (Cotg.); Church Lat. offertorium.

Office, sb. office, C2; offiz, S; offices, pl., church services, PP.—AF. office (offyz); Lat. officium.

Offrende, sb. offering, S; offrand, H; offerands, pl., S2.—OF. offrande (Bartsch); Lat. offerenda; see Constans.

Offri, v. to offer, S; offren, S, PP; offrand, pr. p., S2; i-offred, pp., S.—AS. offrian; cp. OF. offerre (Bartsch); Lat. offerre.

Offringe, sb. offering, S; offrinke, S; offryng, C.

Of-fruht, pp. terrified, S; ofrigt, S; of-fruhte, pl., S.—Cp. AS. of-fyrhtan, to terrify.

Of-hungred, pp. an-hungred, PP; of-hongret, PP; of-hongred, PP; offingred, SD; afingred, SD; afingret, NED, HD; afyngred, NED, P, HD.—AS. of-hyngrod. Cf. A-hungerd.

Ofne, sb. dat. oven, S; see Ouen.

Of-newe, adv. anew, S3, C2, C3. Cf. Anewe.

Of-rechen, v. to obtain, overtake, attain, reach, S, PP (n); ofrauȝte, pt. pl., PP.

Ofrigt, pp. terrified, S; see Of-fruht.

Of-saken, v. to deny, SD.—AS. of-sacan. Cp. A-saken. (A- 3.)

Of-scapie, v. to escape, S2. See Ascapie.

Of-sen, v. to perceive; ofsaw, pt. s., S2; ofseie, S2.—AS. of-séon.

Of-senden, v. to send for, S2; of-sente, pt. s., S2, PP; of-sent, P.

Of-seruen, v. to merit, deserve, SD, S.

Of-slen, v. to slay; of-sloh, pt. s., SD; of-sloȝen, pl., S; of-slaȝen, pp., S; of-slæȝen, S; of-slaȝe, S.—AS. of-sléan.

Of-spring, sb. offspring, S; ofspreng, S; ofsprung, S; ospryng, HD; ox-spring, S2.—AS. of-spring.

Of-taken, pp. taken away, C2.

Ofte, adv. often, S, C2; oft, PP, WW; oftere, comp., S; ofter, S, C2. Comb.: oftesiðen, oftentimes, SD; ofte siðe, SD; ofte sithes, C, S3 (s.v. eft); oft siss, S2, B; ofte-time, ofttimes, SD; oft tyme, PP.—AS. oft: OHG. ofto (Otfrid): Goth. ufta; cp. Gr. ὕπατος, superl. of ὑπέρ; see Sievers, 25.

Often, adj. frequent, WW.

Of-teonen, v. to vex, irritate; of-teoned, pp., S.

Of-þunchen, v. to be sorry for, to repent, S; of-þinche, S; of-þinke, S; of-ðuhte, pt. s., S.—AS. of-þyncan.

Of-þurst, pp. athirst, S; of-þerst, PP; afyrst, PP; afurst, PP; afrust, PP.—AS. of-þyrsted (Grein).

Of-wundred, pp. amazed; of-uundred, S.

Og, pr. s. possesses, S; see Owen.

Ogain, prep., adv. against, again, NED; see Aȝein.

Ogaines, prep. against, S2; ogaynes, S2; see Aȝeines.

Ogain-saghe, sb. contradiction, S2. Cf. Igainsawe.

Ogain-torne, v. to turn again, S2.

Ogen, adj. own, S; see Owen.

Ogremoyne, sb. agrimony, Voc.; see Agrimony.

Oht, sb. aught, anything, S2; see Ought.

Oht, adj. valiant, doughty, S; see Auht.

Ohtliche, adv. valiantly, NED; see Ahtlice.

Oise, sb. use, H; oyse, H; oys, JD, HD; oyss, B.—AF. us; Lat. usum.

Oise, v. to use, H; oyse, H, HD; oysede, pp., HD; oysit, B.—OF. user.

Oist, sb. an army, B; oyst, B; see Oost.

Ok, Oke, pt. s. aked, MD; see Aken.

Oken, adj. oaken, G. See Ook.

Oker, sb. usury, SD; okir, S2; okyr, Cath.; okur, SD; ocker, H; okere, H.—Icel. ókr: AS. wócor, increase, growth, fruit; cp. OHG. wuachar, gain (Otfrid).

Okerer, sb. usurer, S2, H, Cath.; okerere, S2; okyrere, H.

Okering, sb. usury, S2; okeringe, H.

Old, adj. old, Voc.; eald, MD; ald, MD, S, S2; oold, MD; hold, S, MD; eld, MD, W2; eeld, W2; auld, S3; olt, S2; ealde, S, MD; alde, MD, S2; olde, Voc.; elde, S, W; yealde, MD; aulde, MD; alder, comp., MD; ælder, MD; eldre, S, W; elder, S, C2; eldure, S; eldore, S2; heoldre, S; elþer, S2; aldeste, superl., S; heldeste, MD; eldoste, S2.—AS. eald, ald; cp. OHG. alt (Otfrid).

Oldli, adj. old, W2.

Oliuere, sb. olive-yard, C2.—Late Lat. olivarium (Ducange).

Oluhnen, v. to flatter, S.

Oluhnung, sb. blandishment, flattery; olhnunge, dat., S.

Olyfaunte, sb. elephant, Cath., Voc.; olefawnt, Voc.; oliphant, S3; olifant, WA; ollivant, HD; olyfaunce, pl., HD.—OF. olifant, elephant, ivory, ivory horn, also elefant; Lat. elephantem; Gr. ἐλέφας (-αντα).

On, prep. on, at, in, among, of, S, S2, S3, C2, WW; one, S; onne, S; a, S, S2, C2, PP; o, S, S2, H; an, S, S2, PP.—AS. an, on.

On, num. one, S, S2; see Oon.

On-, prefix (1), standing for On, prep.

On-, prefix (2), standing for AS. and-, against, in return, toward.—AS. on-, ond-, and-, Goth. and-, anda-; cp. OHG. ant- (ent-).

On-, prefix (3), with negative force; see Un- 1.

On-, prefix (4), before verbs; see Un- 2.

Onan, adv. at once, S2; onon, S, S3; see An-on.

On-bydraw, v. to withdraw; on-bydrew, pt. s., S3. (On- 4.)

On-come, sb. attack, JD; on-comys, pl., H. (On- 1.)

Onde, sb. breath, emotion, hatred, envy S, S2, HD, CM; aande, WA; ande, MD H, WA, Cath.; aynd, JD, B; hand, S2.—AS. anda: OS. ando; cp. Icel. andi, breath, the spirit (in theology).

Ondful, adj. envious, MD; ontful, S.

Ond-swere, sb. answer, S; see Answere.

Ondswerien, v. to answer, S; see Answeren.

Ondyn, v. to breathe, Prompt.; ande, Cath.

Ondyng, sb. smelling, PP; aynding, B.

Ones, adv. once, S2, S3, C3, G, P; see Oones.

One-sprute, sb. inspiration, S2.

On-ferrum, adv. afar, S2; see Aferre. (On- 1.)

On-fon, v. to receive, endure; onnfoð, pr. s., S; onfanged, pt. s., S2.—AS. on-fón for ond-fón, see Sievers, 198, 5. 1. Cf. Afon. (On- 2.)

Ongel, sb. angel, S; see Angel.

On-halsien, v. to adjure, entreat, S. (On- 1.)

Onhede, sb. unity, Voc.; see Oonhed.

Oniȝt, adv. by night, S; see A-nyghte.

On-imete, adj. immeasurable, S; see Unimet. (On- 3.)

On-lappyt, pt. s. unfolded, S3; see Unlappe.

On-lepi, adj. only, S, S2; see Oonlepy.

Onlepiliche, adv. only, singly, S MD.

On-lesum, adj. not allowable, S3; see Unleuesum. (On- 3.)

Onlich, adj. only, S; see Oonli.

On-lofte, adv. aloft, S2, C2; see Alofte. (On- 1.)

On-losti, adj. idle, S2; see Unlusti.

On-lyue, adv. alive, C2, G; onliue, S.—AS. on lífe. Cf. Alyue. (On- 1.)

Onoh, enough, S; see Ynow.

Onond, prep. as regards, respecting, S; onont, S; see An-ent.

On-rounde, adv. around, S2. (On- 1.)

On-sage, sb. affirmation, charge; on-sagen, pl. dat., S.—AS. on-sagu, affirmation (Schmid), for ond-sagu, see Sievers, 198, 5. 1. (On- 2.)

On-sene, sb. face, SD; onsene, dat., S.—AS. on-séon, on sýn, an-sýn (Mt. 28. 3). (On- 1.)

On-side, adv. aside, NED. (On- 1.)

On-sides, adv. aside, NED.

On-sidis-hond, adv. aside, S2.

On-sihðe, sb. appearance, S. (On- 1.)

On-slepe, adv. asleep, S2. (On- 1.)

On-spekinde, pr. p. unspeaking, unspeakable, S2. (On- 3.)

On-swere, sb. answer, S; see Answere.

On-swerde, pt. s. answered, S; see Answeren.

On-tenden, v. to set on fire; ontent, pr. s., S; ontende, pp., S.—AS. on-tendan. Cf. Atenden. (On- 1.)

Ontful, adj. envious, S; see Ondful.

On-þolyinde, pr. p. not enduring, intolerable, S2. (On- 3.)

On-till, prep. until, to, B; see Until.

On-todelinde, pr. p., adj. undividing, indivisible, S2.—AS. un-todǽlende. (On- 3.)

On-uppe, prep. above, S; see An-uppe.

On-vale, v. to unveil, S3. (On- 4.)

On-uast, prep. fast by, S.

On-wald, sb. power; anwalde, dat., S; anwolde, S; onwalde, S; onwolde, S.—AS. anwald. (On- 1.)

On-wurþi, adj. unworthy, Prompt.; see Unwurði.

On-zyginde, pr. p. unseeing, used in sense of ‘invisible,’ S2. (On- 3.)

Ook, sb. oak, C2, C3; ak, Voc.; ok, S2; ake, Voc.; oke, Voc., Cath., G; akis, pl., S3.—AS. ác; cp. OHG. eich (eih). Cf. Noke.

Oon, num. and indef. art. one, S2, S3, C2, C3, G; an, one, an, S, S2, H; ane, MD, S3, H; a, MD, S2, H; on, S, S2, S3, C2, G; one, MD, S, S2; o, S, S2, S3, C3, G; oo, S3, C3; æn, S; ann, S; ænne, S; enne, S, S2; ene, S; anæ, S; ane, S; onne, S; ore, dat. f., S. Phr.: by him one, by himself, MD; be it ane, by itself, H (Ps. 101. 7); all himm ane, all by himself, S; hire ane, by herself, S; ower ones, of you alone, S.—AS. án.

Oone-fold, adj. onefold, single, simple, MD; anfald, S, HD.—AS. án-feald.

Oones, adv. once, G; ones, MD, S2, S3, C3, G, P; onis, P; onys, W2; enes, S, S2; æness, S. Phr.: at anes, at once, MD; et enes, S; at ones, MD, S2, C3; at ans, S2; at oones, G.—AS. ánes, gen. m. of án, used in ME. adverbially. AS. ǽne is used to express ‘once, at once.’ Cf. Nones.

Oonhed, sb. unity, HD (p. 588); one-heede, HD; onhede, Voc.; anhed, H; anhede, H.

Oonlepy, adj., adv. only, sole, MD; onlepi, S, S2; olepi, S, S2; anlepi, S, H.—AS. án-lepig.

Oonli, adj. only, sole, MD; onlich, MD, S; anli, anly, H. Comb.: anly stede, solitude, H.—AS. án-lic, ǽn-lic.

Oonli, adv. only, W; onliche, PP; onlych, S2; oneliche, PP; anli, MD; anly, S2; onli, MD; oneli, W (John 5. 18).

Oor, sb. ore, unrefined metal, S2; ore, Voc.; oore, Manip.—AS. ór (SkD).

Oost, sb. an army, B, S3, W, W2; oist, B; oyst, B; ost, B, S2; oostis, pl., W, W2.—AF. ost, host; Lat. hostem, enemy, stranger.

Ooste, sb. host, inn-keeper, MD; ost, CM, MD; host, MD; hoost, C; hoste, dat., MD.—OF. oste, hoste; Lat. hospitem.

Open, adj. open, S2, SD; ope, S; upon, S2; opyn. W; opene, pl., S.—AS. open; cp. Icel. opinn, and OHG. offan (Otfrid).

Open-heaued, adj. bare-headed, S.

Openin, v. to open, explain, S; oppenand, pr. p., S2.—AS. (ge-)openian.

Open-lic, adj. open, S2; openliche, adv., S; opeliche, S.—AS. openlic, adv. openlice.

Opposen, v. to question, SkD; oposyn, Prompt.; opposed, pt. s., PP.—OF. opposer; Lat. ob + pausare. Cf. Aposen.

Opye, sb. opium, C, CM.—OF. opie; Lat. opium; Gr. ὄπιον, poppy-juice, from ὀπός, sap.

Or, pron. your, S2; ore, S2; see Ȝoure.

Or, prep., conj., adv. before. Comb.: or ever, WW. See Er.

Or, conj. or, S; see Oðer.

Or-, prefix, out, without, excessive.—AS. or-: OHG. ur- (Tatian): Goth. us-. Cf. A- 1.

Oratorye, sb. a place for prayer, C.—OF. oratoire; Lat. oratorium (Vulg.).

Orcheȝard, sb. orchard, S3; orchærd, SD; orchard, Voc.—AS. orcerd (Voc.), ort-geard, (BT): Goth. aurtigards; see Fick, 7. 35.

Ord, sb. point, beginning, S, HD, C2; orde, dat., S.—AS. ord (Voc.); cp. OHG. ort, a point, limit, district, Icel. oddr, ‘cuspis;’ see Kluge.

Ordal, sb. ordeal, a severe test before judge, CM, SkD.—AS. or-dél, OS. ur-déli; cp. OHG. ur-deili, ‘judicium’ (Otfrid). (Or-.)

Ordeynen, v. to ordain, appoint, S2, PP; ordayny, S2; ordand, pt. s., S3; ordeigned, P; ordaynt, pp., S2; i-ordeyned, S2.—AF. ordeiner, OF. ordener Lat. ordinare.

Ordeynour, sb. arranger, S2.

Ordinance, sb. provision, array, S2.—AF. ordinance (ordenance).

Ordinatly, adv. in good order, S3.

Ordre, sb. order, PP, C3; ordres, pl., orders (of friars), PP; holy orders, PP.—AF. ordre; OF. ordene, ordine; Lat. ordinem.

Ordren, v. to arrange, rank, SD; i-ordret, pp., S.

Ore, sb. oar, S; are, MD; ayr, B; ores, pl., S.—AS. ár.

Ore, num. dat. fem. one, S; see Oon.

Ore, sb. honour, grace, favour, clemency, happy augury, S, S2, G, CM; see Are.

Ore, sb. ore, Voc.; see Oor.

Ore-les, adj. merciless, S2; oreleas, S; see Areles.

Orest, adj. and adv. superl. first, S; see Er.

Orf, sb. an inheritance, hence, cattle, S, S2.—Icel. arfr. See Erfe.

Organ, sb. organ, PP; organs, pl., organum, Voc.; orguns, harps (= organa), W2; orgoyns, H.—Lat. organum; Gr. ὄργανον.

Orgeilus, adj. proud, S, SD; orgillous, Sh.—OF. orgueilleus (Bartsch).

Orgel, sb. pride, SD; orhel, S; orgul, SD.—AS. orgel; cp. OF. orguel (Bartsch). Probably of Teut. origin; cp. OHG. ur-gilo, excessively, oppressively (Otfrid). (Or-.)

Orient, sb. the East, S3, C2.—AF. orient Lat. orientem, the rising (sun).

Orientales, sb. pl. sapphires, P.

Orisoun, sb. prayer, orison, C, S2; ureisun, S; oreisouns, pl., S2; orisons, C3.—AF. oreison, (ur-), oraisun; Church Lat. orationem, prayer, from orare, to pray.

Orlege, sb. time-teller, JD; see Orologe.

Orleger, sb. clock, dial, S3; orlager, JD. See above.

Or-mete, adj. immense, S.—AS. ormǽte.

Orologe, sb. time-teller, dial, clock, S3; orloge, Cath. (n); orlogge, C, CM; horologe, Voc.; orlege, JD; horlege, Cath., Prompt. (p. 120); orlage, Voc.—Lat. horologium; Gr. ὠρολόγιον; cp. F. horloge, Sp. relox (Minsheu).

Orped, adj. valiant, S2, HD, SD; orpud, Prompt.; orpid, HD; orpit, proud, also fretful, habitually chiding, JD; horpid, SD; horpyd, HD; orpede, HD; used as a descriptive personal name, Bardsley; horpede, Bardsley.

Orpedliche, adv. boldly, SD; orpedlich, HD; orpedli, SD.

Orpedschipe, sb. bravery, SD.

Orpiment, sb. orpiment, C2.—AF. orpiment, Late Lat. auripigmentum; Lat. aurum, gold + pigmentum, colouring material.

Orpine, sb. a kind of stone-crop, Cath., SkD; yellow arsenic, HD; orpyne, Voc.; orpin, telepinum, Manip.; orpyn, crassula major, Prompt.—OF. orpin, orpin; also orpine, orpiment, or arsenic (Cotg.).

Orrible, adj. horrible, MD.—OF. orrible; Lat. horribilem.

Orrour, sb. horror, dread, W2.—OF. orreur (Bartsch); Lat. horrorem.

Orts, sb. pl. remnants, Sh.; ortus, Prompt.; ortys, Cath.—AS. *or-ǽt, ‘reliquiae pabuli’; cp. ODu. oor-ete, what is left after eating. (Or-.)

Osse, sb. omen, prophecy, ND.

Osse, v. to prophesy, HD; osses, pr. s., WA; ossed, pp., WA.—OF. oser, to venture, to dare; Late Lat. ausare (It. ausare), from Lat. audere (pp. aus-us).

Ossing, sb. attempt, WA. See above.

Ostage, sb. hostage, S2; hostage, B.—AF. ostage (hostage); Late Lat. *obsidaticum (cp. It. statico.), from Lat. obsidem, hostage, one who remains behind, from obsid-, stem of obsidere.

Oste, sb. host, MD; ost, CM, MD; see Ooste.

Ostel, sb. hostel, Prompt., MD; hostel, MD; osteyl, HD; ostayle, HD.—OF. ostel, hostel; Lat. hospitale, relating to a guest. See Ooste.

Ostelere, sb. inn-keeper, Prompt.; ostiler, W; hostiler, C; hostellere, P.

Ostelrie, sb. hostelry, MD, CM; hostelrie, C.

Ostery, sb. inn, HD, MD; ostrie, W; hostery, MD.

Ostryche, sb. ostrich, Voc.; ostridge, Cotg.; estridge, HD; ostrigis, pl., W2.—OF. ostruce (Cotg.), austruce (Brachet): Sp. avestruz; Late Lat. avis-strucio; strucio for struthio; Gr. στρουθίων an ostrich, from στρουθός, a bird.

Otes, sb. pl. oats, C2, P; otys, Voc.—AS. áte (OET).

Oter, sb. otter, S; otyr, Voc.; otyre, HD.—AS. otor (Voc.).

Oth, prep. and conj. up to, until; oð, S; a, S, NED (p. 3 c). Comb.: a-þet, until that, S.—AS. óð: OS. and Goth. und. Cf. Un- 3.

Oth, sb. oath, MD; oþ, S, S2, C; ot, S; athes, pl., S; oþes, S, C2, C3.—AS. áð: Goth. aiths; cp. OHG. eid (Tatian).

Oðer, conj. either . . . or, S, S2, S3, C3; ouðer, S2, H, G; or, S; adv. even, S2; auþer, HD.—AS. á-hwæðer (óhwæðer, áwðer, ówðer, áuðer, áðer, áðor). See Sievers, 346.

Other, adj. second, relating to one of two, other, S, S2, G. Phr.: day and other, continually, G.—AS. oðer: OS. óðar, andar; cp. OHG. ander (Otfrid), Goth. anthar, Skt. antara. For the suffix -thar cf. Forther.

Other-gatis, adv. otherwise, H.

Oðer-luker, adv. comp. otherwise, S.—AS. óðerlicor.

Oðer-weies, adv. in another way, otherwise, S; otherweyes, C2.

Oþer-while, adv. occasionally, S2, P.

Otherwyse, adv. on any other condition, C2.

O-twinne, apart, in two, S; otwyn, H. Cf. Atwynne. (O-.)

Ou, pron. you, S, S2, PP; see Ȝou.

Ought, sb. aught, anything, S2, C2; awiht, eawiht, MD; oht, MD, S2; ohht, S; ouȝt, W; oȝt, S; ouct, S; out, S; ahct, S; ahte, S.—AS. á-wiht. Cf. Auht.

Ouh, pr. s. possesses, S; ouhte, pt. s., S; oughten, pt. pl., C2; see Owen.

Oule, sb. owl, S2; hule, S; oules, pl., C2.—AS. úle (Voc.).

Oule, v. to howl, ululare, Manip.

Ounce, sb. ounce, C2; ouns, Voc.; unce, C, Cath.—AF. unce; Lat. uncia. See Inche.

Ouphe, sb. elf, Sh.; see Aulf.

Our, pron. your, S; oure, S2, PP; see Ȝoure.

Our-, prefix. Look for words as if spelt Ouer-. See Ouer- (= Over-) below.

Oure, pron. poss. our, W; ure, S, S2; ur, S, S2; hure, S; hur, S; oure, ours, W; ourun, W; ures, pl., S2.—AS. úre, úser, of us, our: Goth. unsara.

Ournement, sb. ornament, W2.—OF. ornement.

Ournen, v. to adorn, W2; ournede, pt. s., W2; ourned, pp., W, W2.—OF. orner; Lat. ornare.

Ournyng, sb. an adorning, W.

Ous, pron. dat. and acc. us, S2, PP; ows, PP; vus, S2; us, C2. Comb.: us self, ourselves, S, C2; us selue, P; us silf, W.—AS. ús: Goth. uns.

Out, adv. out, WA; ut, S; owt, B; oute, WA; out, interj., away! S2; uttere, adj. comp., outer, S; utter, C3; uttereste, superl., extreme, C2; outemest, SD. Comb.: utmer, outer, W; uttermere, W2; utnume, exceptionally, S; out taken, except, S2, C3; out takun, W, W2; outtane, S2; outane, B; owtane, B; utward, outward, S; ute wit, outside, S2; outwith, WA.

Out, sb. aught, S; see Ought.

Out-beren, v. to bear out, S2.

Out-blasten, v. to blow out; out-blaste, pt. s., S2.

Out-bray, v. to bray out, S3.

Out-breiden, v. to awake; oute-breyde, pt. s., S2.

Out-bresten, v. to burst out; owt-brastyng, pr. p., S3; ute-brast, pt. s., S2; out-brast, S3.

Outen, adj. strange, foreign, S2.

Outen, v. to utter, C2, C3, SkD (s.v. utter).—AS. útian.

Outerly, adv. utterly, C2, C3; uterly, S3 (s.v. al); utrely, S2.

Outhees, sb. the hue and cry. C, HD; utheste, S.—Low Lat. uthesium (Schmid), for hutesium (huesium), from OF. huter (huer), see Ducange. (s.v. huesium). See Houten.

Ouðer, conj. either, or, SD, S2, H; see Oðer.

Out-ioiyng, sb. extreme joy, W2.

Out-lawe, sb. outlaw, PP, Manip.; ut-laȝe, S.—AS. útlaga (Schmid); Icel. útlaga, outlawed, útlagi, outlaw.

Out-leden, v. to produce, educere; oute-leden, S2.

Out-let, sb. outlet; utlete, dat., S.—Cp. Icel. út-lát.

Outrage, sb. outrage, excessive insult, SD, H, B, luxus, Manip.; owterage, excessus, Prompt.—OF. outrage, oltrage; cp. It. oltraggio (Florio), Low Lat. ultragium; from OF. oltre; Lat. ultra.

Outrage, adj. outrageous, S3; wtrage, S3; owtrage, S3.

Outrage, v. to outrage, destroy, to lose temper, C2; outrayed, pt. s. S3.—OF. oultrager (Cotg.).

Outragely, adv. superfluously, H.

Outrageous, adj. excessive, C3, B.

Outrageusly, adv. excessively, H.

Outrance, sb. excess, extremity, S3, JD.—OF. oultrance (Cotg.).

Outrayed, pt. s. destroyed, S3; see Outrage, v.

Outren, v. to utter, to put out and circulate, SkD.

Out-ryde, v. to ride out, PP; to outride, overtake in riding, S.

Out-senden, v. to send out, S2.

Out-take, v. to take out, except, deliver, S2; out toke, pt. s., S2; out taken, pp., S2, C3; out takun, W, W2; out tane, S2; outakun, W2. See Out.

Ouȝt, sb. aught, W; see Ought.

Ouȝte, pt. s. possessed, W; see Owen.

Ouelete, sb. the oblation in the Eucharist, S.—AS. ofléte (Leo), oflate (OET); Church Lat. oblata (Ducange). Cf. Oble.

Ouen, sb. oven, S; ofne, dat., S.—AS. ofen, OHG. ofan (Tatian): Goth. auhns: OTeut. stem *uhwna-, see Douse, p. 80.

Ouer, prep., adv. over, above, beyond, S, C2, W; uferr, S; our, S2, S3, B; oure, S3; ouer, adj., upper, C, SkD; ouerer, comp., W2, H; ouereste, superl., C, S2. Comb.: oueral, all over, everywhere, S, S2, C, C2, C3; ouur al, S2; ouir litil, too little, Prompt.; or-litel, S2; ouer mykel, over much, S2; ouer þwert, across, perverse, S2, W; ouer thwart, across, crossways, C; our-thwort, S3, B.—AS. ofer: Goth. ufar (see Sievers, 25. 1); cp. OHG. ubar (Otfrid).

Ouer-, prefix, over-; our-, B; or-, S2.

Ouer-cummen, v. to overcome, S; ouercome, S, S2, W2; ofercom, pt. s., S; ouercom, S2; ouercumen, pp., S; ouercome, S2.—AS. ofer-cuman.

Ouer-dede, sb. excess, S.

Ouer-fare, v. to pass over, S2.—AS. ofer-faran.

Our-fret, pt. s. fretted over, S3.

Ouer-gan, v. to go over, superare, SD, S2; ouergon, S, W; ourga, B; ouergon, pp., S2.—AS. ofer-gán: OHG. ubar-gán (Otfrid).

Our-hailing, pr. p. overhauling, considering, S3.

Our-heldand, pr. p. covering over, S3.

Ouer-howen, v. to disregard, despise; ofer-howeð, pr. s., S; ofer-hoȝien, SD.

Ouer-lede, v. to domineer over. P.

Ouer-leiyng, sb. pressure, W.

Ouer-liggen, v. to lie upon, S.—AS. ofer-licgan.

Ouer-lippe, sb. upper lip, S2, C.

Ouer-lop, sb. omission, S2.

Ouerlyng, sb. a superior, H, HD.

Ouer-maistrien, v. to overmaster, P.

Ouermastes, sb. pl. summits, S2.

Ouer-non, sb. afternoon, S2 (1 a. 164).

Ouer-sen, v. to observe, survey, look down upon, to despise, overlook, P; ouersihð, pr. s., S; ouerseȝ, pt. s., S (16. 30); ouer-sene, pp., WW, S3; ouer-seye (me), pp., forgotten myself, P.—AS. ofer-séon.

Ouer-sloppe, sb. upper garment, C3.

Our-straught, pp. Streched across, S3.

Ouer-take, v. to overtake, SD; ouertan, pp., S2; ourtane, B.

Ouer-þogt, adj. anxious, S.

Over-throwe, v. to fall down, G; overthrew, pt. s., G.

Ouer-tild, pp. covered over, S.—AS. ofer-teldan to cover over.

Ouertlye, adv. openly, S2.—From AF. overt) pp. of ovrir, OF. aövrir, aüvrir, Prov. adubrir; Lat. ad + de + operire.

Ouer-trowynge, pr. p. anxious, overconscious, W.

Ouer-walten, v. to overflow, S2.

Ouer-wente, pt. s. overcame, S. See Ouer-gan.

Ouet, sb. fruit, S2.—AS. ofet; cp. OHG. obaz (G. obst), Du. ooft; see Kluge.

Ow, interj. alas! G.

Ow, pron. you, S, S2; see Ȝou.

Owai, adv. away, S2. Phr.: owai do þam, do away with them, destroy them, S2. See Away.

Owel, sb. awl, S, Voc.; see Aul.

Owen, v. to have, possess, to have to do, to be obliged, to owe, MD, S, Cs, PP; oȝen, S; aȝen, S; aȝhenn, MD; aghe, H; awen, MD; agen, S; ahen, S; owe, pr. s., P; og, S; ouh, S; aȝh, S2; ah, S; au, S2; ouhte, pt. s., PP, S; ouȝte, PP, W; auhte, S; aucte, S; ahte, S; aghte, H; agte, S; aȝte, S2; auȝt, W; aght, S2; aucht, pl., S2; oughten, C2.—AS. ágan, 1 and 3 pr. s. áh (pl. ágon), pt. áhte, pp. ágen.

Owen, adj. own, S, S2, S3, C2, C3, PP; oȝen, S, S2; ogen, S; aȝen, S; agen, S; aȝhenn, S; ahen, S; awin, S3; awyn, S3; awn, S3; owe, S, S2; oghe, S; oge, S; oune, S, S2, PP; oȝene, S2; oghne, S2.—AS. ágen, own, possessed, pp. of ágan, to possess.

Ower, pron. your, S; see Ȝoure.

O-wher, adv. somewhere, anywhere, C, C3, SD (s.v. âwhēr, p. 12); owhar, SD, S2 (7. 417); ouer (for ouuer ?), S.—AS. á-hwǽr. See O (adv.).

O-whider, adv. anywhither, SD (p. 12); o-hwider, S.—AS. á-hwider. See O (adv.).

O-whils, conj. on whiles, during the time that, H.

Oxe, sb. ox, S; exen, pl., HD; oxis, W.—AS. oxa: OHG. ohso (Tatian): Goth. auhsa; cp. Skt. ukshan. The AS. pl. forms are oxan, œxen, exen.

Oxe-stalle, sb. ox-stall, C2.

Oxspring, sb. offspring, S2; see Of-spring.

Oyle, sb. oil, C3, MD; oylle, S2; oyele, S2; oli, MD; oilles, pl., flattery, PP. Phr.: bere up oile, to flatter, PP (n); hilde vp þe kynges oyl, Trevisa, 3. 447, see NQ (6. 1. 75).—AF. oile, olie; Late Lat. olium; Lat. oleum. Cf. Ele.

Oynement, sb. ointment, W, C; oynementis, pl., S3, W.—AF. oignement, from ongier, to anoint; Lat. ungere. Cf. Noynement.

Oyntynge, sb. anointing, H.

Oynoun, sb. onion, CM; oynon, Voc.; oingnum, Voc.; oynouns, pl., C; oyneȝones, HD.—AF. oynoun (F. oignon); Lat. unionem.

Oȝein, prep. against, MD; see Aȝein.

Oȝeines, prep. in comparison with, S; see Aȝeines.

Oȝen, v. to owe, S; see Owen, v.

Oȝen, adj. own, S; see Owen, adj.

Oȝt, sb. aught, S; see Ought.

Spotted a typo or a problem in this chapter? Tell us

P

Pace, sb.; see Pas.

Pace, v.; see Passen.

Padde, sb. toad, SkD; pades, pl., S; paddis, SkD. Comb.: pad-stoole, toad-stool, Manip.—Icel. padda.

Paddok, sb. toad, Prompt.; frog, W2; paddoke, rana, Voc. (n); padockes, pl., grenouilles, Palsg. Comb.: paddok-stole, fungus, toad-stool, Cath.

Paene, adj. pagan, S; see Payen.

Pagent, sb. a pageant, pagina, Prompt.; pageant, scena, theatrum, Manip.

Pagent, sb. a page, writing; see below.

Pagyne, sb. page, writing, HD; pagine, SkD; pagent, SkD (s.v. page). Phr.: perfeccioun of dyuyne pagyne, H (p. 4).—Lat. pagina, a written page, that which is written, a paragraph or book.

Pais, sb. peace, S; see Pees.

Pak, sb. a small bundle, PP; pakke, sarcina, Prompt.

Pakken, v. to pack, PP, Prompt.

Pak-nelde, sb. packing-needle, PP; pakneelde, S2; paknedle, PP.

Pakok, sb. a peacock, PP; see Pecok.

Palesye, sb. paralysis, palsy, PP, S2; perlesy, HD; palesye, PP, S2; palesie, S2; palasie, S2; palacye, PP; palesy, W; palsye, P, Prompt.; parlesy, Cath., SkD.—OF. paralysie; Lat. paralysin; from Gr. παράλυσις.

Paleys, sb. palace, C, C2, PP; paleis, PP; palais, S; palys, PP; paleyses, pl., PP; paleis, PP.—AF. paleis, OF. palais; Lat. palatium.

Palfrey, sb. palfrey, saddle-horse, S2, C, PP; palfray, PP; palefrei, S.—AF. palefrei, OF. palefreid (Roland); Low Lat. paraveredum.

Palle, sb. the archbishop’s pallium, funeral pall, a costly kind of texture, a canopy, Prompt., HD, Voc.; pall, HD, WA; pal, S; pelle, Prompt., S; pell, S2; pelles, pl., S. Comb.: pallen webis, fabrics of pall or fine cloth, WA.—Late Lat. pallium and palla, see Ducange; cp. OF. pale, a kind of cloth (Ducange), and AS. pæll, a rich texture (Voc.).

Pallen, v. to pall, to become vapid, Prompt., Palsg., SkD; palled, pp. enfeebled, C3.—OF. pallir, to grow pale; see Constans.

Palme, sb. palm (tree), palm of victory, WA; palm, palm-branch, C3.—AF. palme; Lat. palma.

Palmere, sb. palmer, S, PP; palmers, pl. S2.—AF. palmer; Church Lat. palmarium (acc.). See above.

Palmestrye, sb. palmistry, S3. See Paume.

Paltok, sb. jacket, PP, Prompt.; paltocke, HD, Palsg.; paltoke, Voc.—OF. paletocque (Prompt., n). For cognates, see SkD (s.v. paltry).

Pament, sb. pavement, S3; see Pauement.

Pane, sb. a part or division of a thing, a skirt, Prompt., HD, SkD.—OF. pan, a piece (Bartsch); Lat. pannum (acc.). Cf. Peny.

Panel, sb. a division, compartment, jurylist, piece of cloth on horse’s back, Cath. (n) PP, Sh.; panell, PP; panelle, subsellium. Cath.; pannell, HD, Palsg.—AF. panel. See above.

Paneter, sb. butler, PP; pantere, Voc.; panter, PP.—AF. panneter; Late Lat. panetarium (acc.). See Payn.

Panne, sb. pan, brain-pan, skull, PP, C3, Voc., Prompt.; ponne, PP; pan, C.—AS. panne (Voc.); cp. Low Lat. panna (Ducange), and G. pfanne.

Pans, sb. pl. pence, W; see Peny.

Panter, sb. painter, pictor, Voc. See Peynten.

Panter, sb. a net, snare, CM, HD, Voc.; pantere, Prompt.; panther, Palsg., HD.—OF. pantiere; Late Lat. panthēra; Gr. πανθήρα; see Ducange.

Pantere, sb. panther, S3, Voc.—OF. pantere; Lat. panthēra; from Gr. πάνθηρ

Panyer, sb. pannier, bread-basket, PP; payneres, pl., PP.—AF. panyer. See Payn.

Papejay, sb. parrot, popinjay, C2; popeiay, PP; papinjay. Voc.; popinjay, Voc.; popyngay, S3, HD; papyngay, HD; papingais, pl., S3; popyngayes, S3.—AF. papejaye parrot (mod. papegai); cp. OF. papegaux pl.; Low Lat. pappagallus by popular etymology from the Low Gr. παπαγάς, see Ducange.

Pappe, sb. breast, S, Voc.; pappes, pl., S (n), WW; pappys, HD.

Par, prep. by, with. Comb.: par amour, by love, with love, C; for paramour, for love, C2; paramour, a lover (of either sex), C, WA; paranioure, Manip.; par auenture, peradventure, S2, C2, C3, PP; perauntere, H; parauntre, S2; perauenture, W; par cas, by chance, C3; par de (par Dieu), C, C3; pardee, C2 par fay, by my faith, C2, C3.

Par-; see also under Per-.

Parage, sb. kindred, family; hence, birth, descent, HD, JD, CM; equality, DG.—AF. parage; Late Lat. *paraticum, an equality, from Lat. par, equal. Cf. Disparage.

Parcel, sb. part, share, little bit, PP; parcele, WA.—AF. parcele, part; Late Lat. particella; cp. It. particella.

Parcel-mele, adv. separately, bit by bit, PP; percel-mel, S2, PP.

Parcenel, sb. partner, H.

Parcenelynge, sb. partnership, H.

Parcener, sb. sharer, HD, W2; partener, W; partynere, S3; parceneris, pl., W, W2; parteneris, W; partyneris, W.—AF. parcenere, parsenere, pl. parceners, perceners; Late Lat. partionarinm (acc.).

Parchementer, sb. preparer of parchment, Cath.; parmenter, Voc.

Parchemyn, sb. parchment, W, PP; perchemyn, PP; perchemen, WA.—AF. parchemin, Gr. περγαμηνή from Πέργαμος (cp. Lat. pergamena).

Parchment; see Passamen.

Parclos, sb. an enclosure, partition, screen, S3, Palsg.; parcloos, Prompt.; perclos, HD; perclose, HD.—OF. parclos, pp., closed completely; Lat. per + clausum.

Pardon, sb. pardon, PP.—AF. pardun.

Pardoner, sb. a seller of pardons, C, PP; pardonere, Prompt.

Parement, sb. an adorning, C2, CM; paramentz, pl., C. Phr.: chambre of parementz, the presence-chamber, C2.—OF. parement; also chambre de parement, the Chamber of Presence (Cotg.).

Parfit, adj. perfect, S2, PP, GS, W; parfyt, PP; perfyt, C; parfight, C; perfit, C3, W; perfight, C.—OF. parfit, parfeit; Lat. perfectum.

Parfitliche, adv. perfectly, PP; perfitliche, PP; parfitly, C2, CM; parfitli, W; perfytliest, superl., H.

Parfournen, v. to perform, PP, C2, CM, SPD (p. 280); parforme, PP; perfourne, PP; performen, PP.—AF. parurnir, parfournir, to perform, to furnish. Cf. Furnish.

Cross-reference could not be identified.

Parische, sb. parish, PP; parisch, PP; paresche, PP; parsche, PP.—OF. paroisse; Church Lat. paroecia (also parochia); Gr. παροικία.

Parischen, sb. parishioner, Cath., C; parisschens, pl., PP, S2; parshens, PP.—OF. paroissien. See above.

Paritorie, sb. pellitory, C3, SkD; peritorie, the wall-plant bartram, Manip.; paratory, colitropium, Voc.; parietary, HD.—OF. paritoire, pellitory (Cotg.) and paritarie (Alph.); Late Lat. paritaria (Alph.); Lat. parietaria, from paries, wall.

Parlement, sb. parliament, conference, PP, S2.—AF. parlement, from OF. parler, to talk; Low Lat. parabolare (Brachet).

Parlesy; see Palesy.

Parloure, sb. the conversation room in nunneries, PP; parlowr, ‘colloquotorium,’ Cath.; parlur, S.—OF. parloir; Church Lat. parlatorium (Ducange).

Parochien, sb. parishioner, PP; perrochioun, S3; paroschienes, pl., PP.—OF. parochien; Church Lat. parochianum; from parochia. See Parische.

Partie, sb. part, portion, PP; partye, party (in a law suit), PP; party, side, S2; parties, pl., parts, S2. Phr.: a party, partially, S2.—AF. partie (partye), person; Lat. partita, divided.

Partly, adv. briskly; see Perk.

Partriche, sb. partridge, S3, PP; partrich, C; pertryche, Prompt.—AF. perdrice, perdriz; Lat. perdicem.

Parvis, sb. the open space in front of St. Paul’s cathedral, HD; parvys, C, CM; parvyse, HD; parvyce, Prompt.—OF. parvis, the porch of a church, the outer court of a palace (hence Low Lat. parvisum), parevis, pareïs, paraïs; Late Lat. paradisum (acc.), the portico of St. Peter’s, Rome (Ducange), also paradise (Vulg.); Gr. παράδεισος. For the intercalation of v in OF. parvis, see Brachet (s.v. corvée).

Pas, sb. a step, pace, pass, passage, canto, narrow path, C2, C3, PP, S2; paas, C3; pass, S2; pace, Prompt.; pas, pl., S2; pases, S2.—AF. pas; Lat. passum (acc.).

Paschen, v. to dash, to strike; pash, HD; paschte, pt. s., PP; passhed, pp., passchet, pp., S2.

Paske, sb. passover, W, PP, HD; pask, W.—AF. pask; Church Lat. pascha; Gr. πάσχα; Heb. pesak, a passing-over.

Passamen, sb. a kind of lace, SPD (p. 272), HD; passements, pl., SPD, DG. Comb.: passamen lace, NQ (5. 9. 231); parchment lace, SPD.—OF. passement, a lace (Cotg.): It. passamáno (Florio); cp. Sp. passamáno, G. posament (Weigand). Cf. Perchmentier.

Passen, v. to pass, surpass, PP, C2, C3; pace, S2, C2, C3; to die, C2; y-passed, pp., PP; pasand, pr. p., S3.—AF. passer.

Passyng, pr. p. as adv. surpassing, i.e. very, S3; adj., C3.

Passyngly, adv. in a surpassing degree, S3.

Pas-tans, sb. pastime, S3; pastance, S3; pastaunce, HD.—OF. passe-tans, passe-tens, passe-temps.

Patter, v. to repeat prayers, to say repeatedly, S3; patred, pt. s., S3 (n), HD.—From Church Lat. pater, the first word in the pater-noster (‘Our Father’).

Paue, v. to pave; y-paued, pp., S3.—OF. pauer.

Pauement, sb. pavement, C2; pauiment, SkD; pament, S3, Voc., Cath. (n), H; pawment, Prompt.—AF. pavement; Lat. pauimentum.

Paume, sb. palm of the hand, PP; pawme, PP, W, Prompt.; pame, Voc. Comb.: palme-play, game of ball played with the hand, S3.—OF. paume, palm of the hand; Lat. palma; cp. F. jeu de paume, tennis.

Pautener, sb. a vagabond, a libertine, HD; adj., rascally, ribald, B.—OF. pautonier, paltunier, a rascal (Bartsch); cp. Low Lat. paltonarius (Ducange). For cognates see SkD (s.v. paltry).

Pauilon, sb. pavilion, tent, PP; pauilyoune, S2; pauiloun, lawyer’s coif, PP; pauyloun, coif, PP; pauylons, pl., tents, S2.—AF. pavillon, tent; Lat. papilionem, a tent, a butterfly.

Pavyce, sb. a shield, defence, Prompt.; pauice, SkD; pauys, Prompt. (n), SkD, Voc., HD; pavisse, HD; pauish, Prompt. (n), HD; paluoise, Florio (s.v. testudine); palueise, Florio (s.v. pauese).—AF. pavise; Low Lat. pavisium (acc.), also pavesium; cp. OF. pavois (Cotg.); Low Lat. pavensem (Ducange).

Pavyser, sb. a soldier armed with a pavise, HD.

Pax-brede, sb. a tablet with a crucifix which received from the worshippers the ‘osculum pacis,’ Voc., HD. See Bred (2).

Paye, sb. satisfaction, HD, S2, PP; paie, S2; pay, S2.—AF. paie.

Payen, v. to please, satisfy, pay, PP, S2, H; payed, pp., satisfied, PP; paied, W; payd, S2; paid, S2; y-payed, C.—OF. paier, to satisfy, pay: Prov. pagar; Lat. pacare.

Payen, adj. and sb. pagan, heathen, C; as a personal name, Bardsley; payn, S; paene, S; payns, pl., S; paynes, S; pains, S; paens, S; payens, S2, C3, CM.—AF. païen; Late Lat. paganum, heathen.

Payn, sb. bread, PP; payne, PP. Comb.: payn-demayn, bread made of the finest flour, C2; paynmayn, Voc.; paynemayn, C2 (n); payman, Voc., HD.—OF. pain demaine, demeine; Church Lat. panem dominicum, bread of our Lord.

Payne, sb. penalty, S2; see Peyne.

Paynyme, sb. heathendom, S; painime, S; paynym, a pagan, Saracen (an incorrect use), PP, H; payneme, S2; paynymes, pl., PP; painems, HD (s.v. payen).—AF. paenime, heathen lands, paganism; OF. paienisme; Late Lat. paganismum (ace.). See Payen.

Paynymery, sb. paganism, Cath.

Peak, v. to pry about narrowly, to peep, ND. Comb.: peak-goose, a peaking goose, ND; peek-goos, S3; pea-goose, ‘a simple, doltish fellow, a noddy peak, a ninny-hammer, a coxe,’ Cotg. (s.v. benet).

Peakish, adj. looking sneakingly, ND.

Peas, sb. peace, S3; see Pees.

Pease, v. to become peaceable; peaste, pt. s., S3.

Pece, sb. a bit, portion, a cup, S2, PP, Prompt., Cath., Palsg., HD; peyce, S3.—AF. pece, piece; cp. Low Lat. pecia, a piece (Voc.), a cup (Ducange).

Pecok, sb. peacock, PP; pecoke, Voc.; pekok, PP; pacoke, Cath.; pacok, Voc.; pakok, PP; pocok, PP, C; pokok, PP; pocokk, Voc.; pokoc, Voc.; pacokkis, pl., S3.—AS. péa (páwo); Lat. pauo; see Sievers, 37. 2. Cf. Poun.

Peekgoose, sb. a silly fellow, S3; see Peak.

Peel, sb. skin, rind of fruit, Cotg. (s.v. coupeau).—OF. pel; Lat. pellem.

Pees, sb. peace, silence, S2, C2, W, PP; pes, S, S2; peas, S3; pays, PP; pais, S.—AF. pees, pes, OF. pais; Lat. pacem.

Peesid, pp. appeased, W2.

Peirement, sb. damage, detriment, W.

Peiren, v. to injure, PP, CM; peyren, PP; peired, pp., S2.—OF. peirier; Late Lat. peiorare; cp. OF. empeirier, to become worse, to make worse, impair (Bartsch).

Peiryng, sb. damage, destruction, W.

Peis, sb. weight, PP; peys, S2, PP; peyce, Prompt.; peise, S3, Prompt.; poys, S3.—OF. peis (pois); Lat. pensum.

Peisen, v. to weigh, W2; peysede, pt. s., S2; peised, PP; poised, PP.—AF. peiser (poiser); Lat. pensare.

Peitrel, sb. breast-plate of a horse in armour, HD; peytrel, C3, Prompt.; pewtrel, Manip.; peytrelle, CM; paytrelle, HD, Voc.; pettrylle, Voc.—AF. peitrel; Lat. pectorale.

Pelet, sb. pellet, stone-ball, S2, PP, Cath., CM, Prompt.; pelot, Prompt.; pylotes, pl., Cath. (n).—AF. pelote, ball, cp. It. pillótta (Florio); dimin. of Lat. pila.

Pelle, sb. a pall, Prompt.; see Palle.

Pelrimage, sb. pilgrimage, S; see Pylgrimage.

Pelte, pt. s. pushed, S; see Pulten.

Pelure, sb. fur-work, PP; pellure, S2, Prompt., PP.—AF. pelure, OF. peleüre (from OF. pel); Late Lat. pellatura, from Lat. pellem, skin.

Pen, sb. a pen, enclosure, crib, Sh., SkD; penne, caula, Manip.; penez, pl., S2. See Pynnen.

Penaunce, sb. suffering, punishment, penance, penitence, W, C, PP.—OF. penance, peneänce; Lat. poenitentia.

Penauncer, sb. one who imposes a penance, PP.

Penaunt, sb. one undergoing penance, C2, PP; penawnte, Prompt.—OF. penant, peneänt; Lat. poenitentem.

Pencell, sb. a little banner, pennon, S2; pensel, PP, CM; pensell, Palsg., Cath. (p. 280 n).—OF. penoncel, pennoncel, dimin. of pennon, a flag, streamer. See Penoun.

Penible, adj. careful to please, C2; see Peyneble.

Penid, sb. a pennet, little wreath of sugar taken in a cold, sugar-candy, Florio (s.v. diapiéde); penet, Florio; pennet, ND, Cotg., PP, Notes (p. 110); penydes, pl., Alph.—OF. penide (Cotg.); Late Gr. πηνίδιον, a little twist of thread, from Gr. πήνη, thread. Cf. Dia-penidion.

Penne, sb. quill of a feather, Voc.; a pen, Cath.; pennes, pl., S2, W2.—AF. penne; Lat. penna.

Penoun, sb. a pennon, small banner, SkD; pynoun, C; penounes, pl., S3.—AF. penon, feather of a cross-bow bolt, OF. pennon, feather of an arrow, flag, streamer; cp. It. pennóne (Florio).

Peny, sb. penny, S2; penye, S; peny, S2; peni, S; pens, pl., W, S2, S3, C3; pons, S2; pans, W. Comb.: penny-breid, penny’s breadth, S3.—AS. pening (Mk. 12. 15), penning (Schmid), pending, a little pledge or token (SkD); cp. OHG. phending (Tatian), dimin. of phand; Lat. pannus, a piece of cloth; Late Lat. pannum, pledge, something pledged or pawned (Ducange). Cf. Pane.

Peosen, sb. pl. peas, S2; see Pese.

Per-; see also under Par-.

Perauntere, peradventure, H; see Par.

Percelmel, adv. bit by bit, S2; see Parcel-mele.

Percen, v. to pierce, S2, PP, C2; persen, W, PP; perche, Cath., HD; pershaunt, pr. p., PP; persand, S3; pearst, pp., S3; persid, W2.—AF. percer; OF. percher; Late Lat. *particare, to part. For suffix -icare, cp. Late Lat. *coacticare (whence F. cacher); see BH, § 97. Cp. also OF. person = partitionem, Ps. 15. 6 (Apfelstedt).

Perchmentier, sb. dealer in ‘parchment lace,’ S3.—Cp. It. passamentiere (Florio). See Passamen.

Percyl, sb. parsley, S2; percil, PP; percyll, Prompt.; parcelle, Cath.; persylle, Voc.; percelle, Cath.; persile, Alph.—OF. persil; Late Lat. petrocillum (Voc.); from Gr. πετροσέλινον. For the effect of the Greek accent see Brachet, and cp. F. encre (Enke).

Pere, adj. and sb. equal, a peer, PP, C2; per, SkD; peer, PP, C2; peare, S3; peres, pl., PP; pieres, S3.—AF. per (pl. pers, peres); Lat. parem.

Pere, sb. pear, Voc., Cath.; peere, Prompt.; perys, pl., CM. Comb.: peere apple, Prompt.; pere-ionette, an early ripe pear, PP; perjonette, CM.—AS. pere, peru; Lat. pirum. Cf. Pereye.

Peregrin, adj. foreign; peregryn, C2.—OF. peregrin; Lat. peregrinum. Cf. Pylgrim.

Peregrin, sb. a kind of falcon, HD.—Cp. Late Lat. peregrina falco (Ducange).

Peren, v. to appear, P.—OF. pareir (paroir); Lat. parēre, to appear.

Pereye, sb. perry, S2, Voc.; perre, Prompt.; pirrey, Cath.; pirre, Cath. Comb.: piri-whit, white perry, S2, PP.—OF. perey, peré, peiré (mod. poiré), from peire (mod. poire), pear; cp. Late Lat. piretum (Voc.), from pirum.

Perfet, adj. perfect, C3, W; see Parfit.

Perk, adj. proud, pert, elated, HD; perke, ND; pert, SkD; partly, adv., briskly, S3.

Perken, v. to smarten, to trim, SkD (s.v. pert); pyrkis, pr. s., S3.

Pernel, sb. Pernel, or Parnel, a common female name, S2, Bardsley; purnele, a concubine, PP.—OF. Peronelle; Late Lat. Petronilla, name of a saint.

Perreye, sb. jewelry, precious stones, PP; perreie, S2; perrye, C, PP, HD; perrey, S2; perree, C2.—AF. perrye; OF. pierrerie, precious stones; from OF. piere, pere; Lat. petra, stone.

Pers, adj. dark rich blue, sky-coloured, bluish grey, CM, C; perss, S3.—OF. pers (Bartsch); cp. It. perso, Low Lat. persus, perseus (Ducange).

Perte, adj. manifest, obvious, S2, PP; adv. openly, PP. See Apert.

Pertelyche, adv. plainly, evidently, S2; pertelich, PP; pertly, truly, S2; openly, P; pertely, completely, S2.

Pes, sb. peace, S, S2; see Pees.

Pese, sb. a pea, PP; peose, PP; peese, PP; pesen, pl., PP; peosen, S2; peses, PP. Comb.: pese-coddes, pea-pods, S2, P; pes-codes, S3; pese-lof, loaf made with peas, P.—AS. piose (pyse, pise), pease; Lat. pīsa, pl. of pīsum.

Pesibilte, sb. a calm, W. See Pees.

Pesible, adj. peaceful, W2.—OF. paisible; Late Lat. pacibilem.

Pesiblenesse, sb. calm, S2, W; pesibilnesse, W.

Pettail, sb. rabble, B; see Pitaile.

Pettes, sb. pl. pits, S2; see Pyt.

Peyne, sb. pain, penalty, C2, W, PP; peine, S2; payne, S2.—AF. payne, paine, OF. peine; Late Lat. pēna; Lat. poena. Cf. Pyne.

Peyneble, adj. pains-taking, S2; penyble, HD; penible, C2.—OF. penible, laborious.

Peynen, v. reflex. to take pains, PP, S2, C2; peyned, pp., punished, W.

Peynten, v. to paint, CM, PP; peynt, pp., S3, CM; peynted, C2; y-peynt, S3.—From OF. peint, pp. of peindre; Lat. pingere, see Brachet.

Peynture, sb. picture, CM.—OF. peinture (AF. painture).

Phantasie, sb. fancy, S3.—Gr. φαντασία.

Philautia, sb. explained ‘philosophy’, S3; philautie, self-love, ND.—Gr. φιλαυτία, self-love.

Philosophre, sb. philosopher, C2, C3; philosophres, pl., C3; philosophers, PP.—OF. philosophe; Lat. philosophum (acc.); Gr. φιλόσοφος, a lover of wisdom. For the r added in the English word, cp. chorister for F. choriste.

Picchen, v. to pitch, to fix, to pick, divide with a sharp point, P; pitchinge, pr. p., W; piȝte, pt. s., SD; pighte him, pitched, fell, SkD; piȝten, pl., W; piht, pp., PP; piȝt, WA; pight, S3, PP, ND; pyȝte, PP. Cf. Pyken.

Pich, sb. pitch, S; see Pikke.

Pigge, sb. pig, porcellus, Manip.; pygge, Prompt. Comb.: pigsnie, ‘pig’s eye,’ a term of endearment, ND; piggesneyghe, CM; pigsny, ND, S3.

Pike, v. to pitch, S; pykke, Cath.

Pikke, sb. pitch, Cath.; pyk, Prompt.; pyche, Prompt.; pych, S; pich, S.—AS. pic (Voc.); Lat. picem.

Piler, sb. pillar, S, PP, C2, C; pyler, PP; pilere, W; pylere, Prompt.—AF. piler; Low Lat. pilare (Ducange).

Pillage, sb. plunder; pyllage, SkD; pilage, WA.

Pillen, v. to peel, Prompt.; pille, Cath.; pill, Cotg., WW; pilie, PP; pilled, pp., bald, WW, Prompt.; piled, C; pilde, peeled, bare, S3. Phr.: pille garleke, vellicare, Cath.—OF. peler (Cotg.), also piller (Palsg.); Lat. pilare, to deprive of hair, from pilus, hair.

Pillen, v. to plunder, CM, ND; pylle, S3; pilen, PP; pil, H; pylen, PP; pylled, pt. pl., S3.—OF. piller (Cotg.); Late Lat. pilare (Ducange).

Pillery, sb. rapine, ND.

Pilling, sb. robbery, S3.

Pillour, sb. plunderer, PP; piloure, PP; pyllars, pl., S3.

Pilwe, sb. pillow, CM; pilewe, S2; pilous, pl., CM.—AS. pyle (= *pulwi); Lat. pulvinus; cp. OHG. phuliwi (Tatian).

Pilwe-beer, sb. pillow-case, C; pillowe-bere, Cath.; pyllo-berys, pl., HD.

Pinchen, v. to find fault, C3; pynche, C; i-pynched, pp., plaited, C. Phr.: I pynche courtaysye, je fays le nyce, Palsg.—OF. pincer; It. picciare, to pinch with a beak (Florio); from piccio, a beak, bill (Florio).

Pirie, sb. pear-tree, S2, P.—AS. pirige (Voc.). See Pere.

Piri-whit, sb. white perry, S2; see Pereye.

Pirries, sb. pl. storms of wind, S3; see Pyry.

Piscence, sb. might, S3; see Puissance.

Pistle, sb. epistle, PP, W, S3; pystyl, Prompt.; pistil, PP, C2; pistill, WA; pistlis, pl., W.—OF. epistle (epistre, Cotg.); Lat. epistola; Gr. ἐπιστολή, message.

Pitaile, sb. footsoldiers, infantry, S2; pettaill, rabble, B; pitaill, B; pitall, B.—AF. pitaille, foot-soldiers, OF. pietaille, a troop of footmen (Cotg.); from OF. piet; Lat. pedem.

Pitaunce, sb. provision, share, portion, dole, PP, C, CM; pytaunce, PP; pytawnce, Prompt.—OF. pitance (Bartsch); Low Lat. pictancia (Ducange).

Plage, sb. plague (= Lat. plaga), W; plague, Sh.; plagis, pl., W.—Lat. plāga (Vulg.); Gr. πληγή, a blow, stroke, plague (LXX); cp. OF. plaie.

Plage, sb. a region, Cath.; plages, pl., S2, C3, HD.—OF. plage, a region, land, sea-coast (Cotg.); Lat. plāga (Vulg.).

Plaid, sb. plea, dispute in a law-court, S; plait, S; plee, Prompt.; placitum, Voc.; ple, SkD, W; play, SkD; place, pl., pleas, S3.—AF. plait, play, OF. plaid, plait, plat, proceedings in a law-court, a trial, law-court; Late Lat. placitum, literally, what is pleasing, hence a decision, law-court, pleading.

Plaidi, v. to plead, bring a complaint, argue, S; plede, PP; placitare, Voc.; plete, PP, S3, Prompt.—AF. plaider, OF. pleidier.

Plaiding, sb. pleading, S; pledyng, PP; pletynge, S3, Prompt.

Plat, adj. flat, level, Prompt.; adv. completely, fully, JD, C2.—OF. plat.

Platly, adv. fatly, fully, S3, HD, Prompt.

Plate, sb. plate-armour, S2, C2; plates, pl., PP.—AF. plate, a plate of metal, bullion, silver-plate, f. of plat, flat.

Platte, pt. s. reflex. threw himself flat, PP, S2.

Playn, adv. plainly, clearly, C2, C3; see Pleyn.

Playne, v. to complain, S2, PP; playn, S3; pleyne, PP, C2; pleyn, S3; plane, S3; pleignen, pr. pl., S2; pleynand, pr. p., S2; plenand, H.—OF. plaign-, stem of plaignant, pr. p. of plaindre (pleindre); Lat. plangere.

Playnte, sb. complaint, lament, PP; pleinte, C2; pleyntes, pl., C3.—OF. pleinte; Late Lat. plancta, from Lat. plangere.

Playnyng, sb. complaint, S3.

Playte, sb. a fold, plica, Prompt.; pleytes, pl., plaits of a cord, HD.—OF. pleit, a fold; Lat. plicitum, folded. Cf. Plite.

Playten, v. to fold, Prompt.; plettand, pr. p., S3; pletede, pt. s., S2.

Ple, sb. plea, W; see Plaid.

Pleinte, sb. complaint, C2; see Playnte.

Plenere, adj. full, PP; adv. in full numbers, PP; plener, PP, HD.—OF. plenier; Late Lat. plenarium.

Plenerliche, adv. fully, HD; plenerly, S2.

Plenissen, v. to fill; plenyst, pp., S3.—From OF. pleniss-, stem of plenissant, pr. p. of plenir, from Lat. plenum.

Plentee, sb. plenty, C2; plente, Prompt.—OF. plenté; Lat. plenitatem.

Plenteuous, adj. plenteous, abundant, C, PP; plenteuouse, W; plentiuous, SkD; plentefous, H; plentuos, S2; plenteus, SkD.—OF. plentivous.

Plenteuouslier, adv. comp. more plenteously, W.

Plenteuousnesse, sb. plenteousness, HD.

Plentuuste, sb. plentifulness, H.

Plesaunce, sb. pleasure, kindness, PP; plesance, B, S2, Cath., C2.—OF. plaisance.

Plete, v. to plead, S3, PP, HD, Prompt.; see Plaidi.

Pletede, pt. s. plaited, folded up, S2; see Playten.

Pley, sb. play, C2; pleie, S.—AS. plega, brisk motion, fight, play (OET).

Pleyen, v. to play, amuse oneself, PP, C2; pleien, S, PP; pleiden, pt. pl. refl., S2.—AS. plegian, to play on an instrument (OET), to play, ‘ludere,’ to move briskly (Grein), plegan (Sievers, 391): OS. plegan, to wager, to answer for; cp. OHG. plegan (Otfrid).

Pleyn, adj. even, level, plain, clear, Prompt., C, C3; playn, B; adv. plainly, clearly, C3; playn, C3.—AF. plain; Lat. planum.

Pleyn, v. to complain, S3; see Playne.

Pleyn, adj. full, C, C3, PP.—OF. plein; Lat. plenum.

Pleynly, adv. fully, C.

Pliht, sb. danger, S2; pliȝt, WA.—AS. pliht (OET.).

Plihten, v. to pledge, plight, PP, S2; plyghte, PP, Prompt.; pliȝte, S; plyghte, pt. s., PP; plyȝhten, pl., PP; pliht, pp., PP, S2; plyht, S2; pliȝt, PP; plyȝt, S3; plight, PP; plyght, C3; i-pluht, S; y-pliȝte, PP; i-pliȝt, S2.—AS. plihtan, to imperil, to venture (Schmid).

Plihtful, adj. dangerous, S2.

Plite, sb. state, condition, manner, SkD (p. 822), CM, WA; see Plyte.

Plouh, sb. plough, PP; plow, Prompt.; plewch, B; plouȝ, PP; ploh, S2; plewys, pl., S3. Comb.: plouh-fot, plough-foot, PP; plow-lond, a measure of land, carrucata, S2; plowelond, Voc.; plowlond, Prompt.; ploghe of lande, Cath.; plowes of lond, G; plow-man, ploughman, C2, PP; plouȝman, PP; pluch-ox, plough-ox, S3; plowstert, plough-tail or handle, Prompt.—Icel. plógr, plough; cp. AS. ploh, ploughland (SkD), OHG. pluag, plough (Otfrid).

Plukken, v. to pluck, PP, Prompt.; plokken, PP; plyghte, pt. s., CM, C2, PP; plyght, pp., C2 (p. 290).—AS. pluccian.

Plume, sb. feather; plumes, pl., PP; plomys, S3.—OF. plume; Lat. pluma.

Plye, v. to bend, C2.—AF. plier; Lat. plicare, to fold.

Plyght, pp. plighted, pledged, C3; see Plihten.

Plyghte, pt. s. plucked, pulled, C2; see Plukken.

Plyte, sb. state, condition, Prompt., C3, WA; plite, CM, WA; plit, S2.—OF. plite, SkD (p. 822), pliste; Late Lat. *plicita, from Lat. plicare, to fold. Cf. Playte, Plye.

Poer, sb. power, S2; poeir, S2; power, Prompt.; powere, army, WA; pouwer, PP.—OF. poër, poeir; Late Lat. potēre, to be able.

Poised, pt. s. weighed, PP; see Peisen.

Poke, sb. a bag, Cath., PP, S; pooke, Prompt.; poc, S2; powke, PP; pouhȝ, PP.—Cp. ODu. poke.

Poket, sb. pocket, Prompt.; pokets, pl., C3.

Pokke, sb. pustule, Prompt.; poke, Voc.; pokkes, pl., C3, Voc., PP.

Pokok, sb. a peacock, PP; see Pecok.

Polcat, sb. polecat, C3; pulkat, Prompt., Voc.; pulcatte, SkD; powlkat, SkD.—ME. pol-; OF. pole, polle; Lat. pulla. Cf. Pulte.

Poletes, sb. pl. pullets, S2; see Pulte.

Polische, v. to polish, PP; pulische, Cath.; puliche, Cath.; polsche, PP; pulsche, PP; pulched, pp., S3.—From OF. poliss-, stem of polissant, pr. p. of polir; Lat. polire.

Poll, sb. poll, head, WW; head, person, WA; pol, PP; polles, pl., PP. Comb.: poll-ax, pole-axe, C; polax, CM.

Poll, v. to cut off the hair, WW, Manip.; powled, pt. pl., WW; pollid, pp., W, W2; powled, WW. Comb.: polled hen, C (p. 125); pulled hen, bald, moulting hen, C.

Polle, v. to get money unfairly, by extortion, Palsg.; poll, spoliare, Manip., S3, ND, Sh.—The same word as above.

Poller, sb. an extortioner, ND.

Polling, sb. unfair exaction, S3.

Polyue, sb. pulley, C2, CM; polyff, ONE (1. 108).

Pomade, sb. cider, PP.

Pomage, sb. cider, HD.

Pome, sb. pomade, S3. Comb.: pome-water, a kind of apple, HD; pom-water, the apple of the eye, HD.—OF. pome, apple; Lat. pomum.

Pomel, sb. a knob, a boss, C, W2; pomels, pl., S3; pomelles, HD.

Pomely, adj. spotted like an apple, C, C3; pomelee, HD. Comb.: pomely gris (= gris pommelé), dapple grey, Cotg.—OF. pommelé.

Ponne, sb. pan, PP; see Panne.

Pons, sb. pl. pence, S2; see Peny.

Pope, sb. the pope, PP; pape, S. Der.: popetrie, popery, S3.—AS. pápa; Church Lat. papa.

Popet, sb. puppet, C2, SkD, CM.—OF. poupette.

Popyngay, sb. parrot, popinjay, S3; see Papejay.

Poraille, sb. poor people, C; see Poueraill.

Porchas, sb. gain, winnings, S2; see Purchas.

Pore, adj. poor, S2; see Pouer.

Poret, sb. a kind of leek, PP, Prompt.; porettes, pl., S2, P.—OF. porrette (Cotg.).

Pors, sb. purse, S2; see Purse.

Portatyf, adj. portable, light, P.—OF. portatif, lively of body (Cotg.).

Porte, sb. gate, WW; port, Sh.; portis, pl., S3.—AF. porte; Lat. porta.

Portrey, v. to pourtray, FP; purtreye, PP; purtraye, PP; purtreied, pp., S3; portred, S3; porturat, S3.—OF. portray-, stem of portrayant, pr. p. of portraire; Late Lat. protrahere.

Porueid, pp. provided, S2; see Purueyen.

Pose, sb. cold in the head, S2, Prompt., Cath., Palsg., Voc., C3.—Wel. pas, a cough; for cognates see SkD (s.v. wheeze), and Brugmann, § 441.

Possen, v. to push, S, PP, CM, Prompt.; posshen, PP.—OF. pousser, poulser; Lat. pulsare, frequent. of pellere.

Pot, sb. a vessel for cooking or drinking from, SkD. Comb.: pot-parlament, a talk over one’s cups, S3; pot-sherd, pot-sherd, S3; pot-styk, pot-stick, motarium, Voc.; pot-stykke, motorium, Voc.; pot-stick, S3.

Potte, pt. s. put, S2; see Putten.

Pouderen, v. to powder, SkD; poulderen, S3; pulderit, pp., S3.—OF. poudrer, poldrer; Lat. puluerare.

Poudre, sb. powder, C3, W; pouder, PP; poudir, W; poulder, HD; pulder, S3. Comb.: poudre marchaunt, flavouring powder, C.—AF. poudre, puldre, OF. *pulre; Lat. puluerem, dust.

Povn, sb. peacock, S3.—OF. poun, paon; Lat. pauonem; see BH (Introd., 27). Cf. Pe-cok.

Pound, sb. pound, PP; punde, dat., S; pownd, pl., S2. Comb.: pound-mele, by pounds at a time, PP, S2; pound-mel, P.—AS. pund; Lat. pondus, a weight.

Pound, sb. an enclosure, pound, pond, S2; pond, SkD; ponde, Prompt.; poonde, Cath. Comb.: pondfolde, a pound, pin-fold, PP; poundfalde, PP; ponfolde, PP.—AS. pund, an enclosure (Schmid).

Pouren, v. to pore, gaze steadily, C3; pore, CM; powre, C; pure, S; pirith, pr. s., PP.

Pous, sb. pulse, PP, CM; pouce, S2; powce, Prompt.—OF. pouls, polz; Lat. pulsum (acc.).

Poustè, sb. power, P, B, HD, H (77. 65); poste, HD; potestat, W; poustees, pl., violent attacks, PP; potestatis, powers, W.—AF. pouste, poëste, OF. podeste; Lat. potestatem.

Pout, v. to poke, to stir with a long instrument, JD. Comb.: pout-staff, a net fastened to two poles, used for poking the banks of rivers, JD, S3.

Poueraill (Poveraill), sb. the poor people, B; purraile, PP; poraille, PP, C; porails, pl., W2.—AF. poverail.

Pouertè (Povertè), sb. poverty, meanness, shabbiness, PP, C2, WA; powerte, B; pouert, WA, PP, S2, S3, C3, W, W2.—OF. povertè; Late Lat. paupertam; see Constans (Supplément, p. 32).

Poure (Povre), adj. poor, S, PP, S2, C2; pouere, PP, S2; pouer, S2; pore, S, S2; pure, S2, S3; pouerore, comp., S2; pourest, superl., C2; poure, adv., C2.—OF. povre; Lat. pauperem.

Poureliche (Povreliche), adv. poorly, C2; pourely, C.

Poynt, sb. point, a small portion, a bit, S2; poynte, Prompt. Phr.: at the poynt, conveniently placed, S2; in point, at the point, about to, S2.—OF. point; Lat. punctum. Comb.: point-deuys, at point-deuys, with the greatest exactness, in detail, minutely, CM, C2; point-device, HD.—OF. point; Lat. punctum.

Poyntil, sb. a style to write with, W, W2, poyntyle, Voc.—OF. pointille.

Poys, sb. weight, S3; see Peis.

Prane, sb. prawn, Prompt., Manip., Palsg., ND; praune, SkD; pranys, pl., S3.—OF. *parne, *perne; Lat. perna, a ham; cp. It. perna, a nakre fish (Florio). For the changes in meaning, cp. It. gambarelli, prawns (Florio), from gamba, a leg.

Pranglen, v. to press; prangled, S.—Cp. Du. prangen; Goth. praggan, to press.

Prank, adj. full of sensational tricks; pranker, comp., ND.

Pranken, v. to arrange the folds of a dress, SkD, Prompt., Palsg., HD; prancke, ND; pranke, to frisk about, Manip.

Pranker, sb. one who dresses gaily, ND.

Prankie, adj. fine, gorgeous, S3.

Praty, adj. pretty, elegantulus, Prompt.; prestans, Cath.; pretie, scitus, facetus, Manip.; prately, adv., CM.—Cp. Late Lat. practicus, ‘peritus’ (Ducange).

Prayabill, adj. to be entreated, H.

Prayen, v. to pray, PP; see Preyen.

Prechen, v. to preach, C2.—OF. precher (prescher); Lat. praedicare.

Prechour, sb. preachers, PP; prechoures, pl., PP, S3.—OF. precheör; Lat. praedicatorem.

Predicament, sb. in logic, one of the most general classes into which things can be distributed; predicamentes, pl., S3.—Schol. Lat. praedicamentum.

Prees, sb.; see Presse.

Preie, sb. prey, S; pray, Prompt., PP; prayes, pl., spoils, S2.—OF. preie (mod. proie); Late Lat. prēda; Lat. praeda); cp. AF. praie.

Prente, sb. print, impression, SkD; prent, S3; preynt, Prompt.; prynte, PP, W.—OF. preint, pp. of preindre; Lat. premere, to press.

Prenten, v. to print, impress, CM; preentyn, Prompt.

Prentis, sb. apprentice, S2, P; prentyce, Prompt.; prentys, PP; pl., PP; prentises, PP. See Aprentis.

Prentishode, sb. apprenticeship, PP.

Presse, sb. a press, throng, SkD, PP; pres, CM, C2; prees, CM, S2, C2, C3; prease, Cotg., S3; preace, S3.—AF. presse, a throng.

Pressour, sb. press for cloth, S2, PP; winepress, W; pressoure, pressorium, Cath.; presour, W; pressours, pl., W2.—OF. pressoir; Lat. pressorium.

Prest, adj. ready, quick, G, S2, S3; adv., PP, S3; presteste, superl., S2; prestest, P; prestliche, adv., readily, PP; prestly, PP; prestely, S2.—AF. prest; Late Lat. praestum (Ducange).

Prest, sb. priest, S, PP, S2, C2; preest, PP; preeste, Prompt.; preostes, pl., S2; prestes, S2; prustes, S2.—AS. préost; Church Lat. presbyter (Vulg.); Gr. πρεσβύτερος, elder (LXX).

Preste, adj. superl. (for pret-ste), proudest, highest, S2; see Proud.

Presthod, sb. presthood, PP; preesthood, Prompt.

Preuen, v. to prove, try, test, abide a test, C2, C3; see Prouen.

Prevy, adj. privy, secret, S3; see Pryue.

Preyen, v. to pray, C2, PP, Prompt.; preien, PP, S, S2; preith, pr. s., S2; preiȝede, pt. s., PP; preide, S, PP; preyd, S2; y-prayed, pp., S2, C2.—AF. preier (praier); Late Lat. precare. (Lat. precari).

Preyere, sb. prayer, Prompt., S2, C2; preiere, PP.—AF. preiere: It. pregaria; Church Lat. precaria.

Pricasour, sb. a hard rider, C, CM.

Price, sb. high esteem, S2; see Prys.

Pricket, sb. a buck; see Pryket.

Primate, sb. the first place, H.—Lat. primatus (Vulg.).

Primordyall, sb. origin, S3.—OF. primordial; Church Lat. primordialem (Ducange).

Prim-seȝnen, v. to give the prima signatio, to sign with the cross, an act preliminary to christening; primm-seȝȝnesst, 2 pr. s., S; y-primisined, pp., S2.—OF. primseigner (Ducange); cp. Icel. primsigna.

Principatus, sb. pl. powers, dominions, rulers, W.—Lat. principatus (Vulg.).

Prisun, sb. prison, S.—AF. prisun; Lat. prensionem, prehensionem, a taking, a capture. Cf. Pryson.

Prisun, sb. a prisoner; prisunes, pl., S; prysouns, PP; prysuns, H; prisons, S2; prisounes, P; presons, WA.—AF. prisoun, OF. prison; see Constans.

Prisuner, sb. gaoler, keeper of a prison, S.

Proces, sb. narrative, history, C2, HD, WA.—OF. procès; Lat. processum.

Proche, v. to approach; prochinge, pr. p., S3.—OF. procher (in approcher); Late Lat. propiare.

Procuratour, sb. proctor, agent, PP; procuratoure, steward, W; proketowre, Prompt.—AF. procuratour; Lat. procuratorem (Vulg.).

Profyte, sb. profit, Prompt.; prophete, PP.—AF. profit; Lat. profectum.

Profyten, v. to profit, Prompt.; profitide, pt. s., grew, W; prophitide, pl., S2.

Proheme, sb. a proem, prologue, C2.—OF. proëme; Lat. proemium; Gr. προοίμιον.

Proinen, v. to prune, preen, trim, adorn, SkD, HD, ND; proigne, HD; prune, CM, SkD; proynd, pp., S3.—OF. progner, also provigner, to propagate by taking cuttings (Cotg.); from OF. provin, a sucker (Cotg.), also provain; Lat. propaginem.

Proiner, sb. pruner, ND.

Prollen, v. to search about, prowl, C3, Prompt., Palsg.; proule, Manip.

Promissioun, sb. promise. Phr.: the lond of promyssioim (or of beheste), the Holy Land, S2.—Lat. promissionem; cp. terra repromissionis (Heb. II.9, Vulg.).

Promyt, v. to promise, S3, JD.—Lat. promittere; cp. OF. prometre.

Propre, adj. separate, distinct, PP, C2; fine, goodly, PP, C3; proper, S2.—AF. propre, fit; Lat. proprium.

Propreliche, adv. properly, suitably, PP.

Proprete, sb. property, peculiarity, SkD; propirte, PP; propertes, pl., S2, WA; propurtes, PP.—OF. proprieté, a property (Cotg.); Lat. proprietatem.

Prospectyues, sb. pl. perspective glasses, C2. Comb.: prospective glass, telescope, C2 (n).—OF. prospective, ‘the prospective, perspective or Optick art’ (Cotg.).

Proud, adj. proud, PP, WA; prowd, PP; prout, PP, S2; prud, S; prut, S; prute, pl., S; prude, S; preste (pretste), superl., S2.—AS. prút; cp. Icel. prúðr.

Proue, sb. proof, S3; preue, CM, C2; preef, C3; prief, S3.—OF. preuve; Late Lat. proba; from Lat. probare.

Prouen, v. to prove, try, test, PP, S; preouen, S2, PP; preuen, PP, C2, C3; pruf, imp. pl., 1, S2; preuede, pt. s., S2; proued, pl., S2; preued, pp., S3.—OF. prover (prouver); Lat. probare.

Prouende, sb. food, Manip.; prouendre, food, PP; a prebend, ecclesiastical benefice, PP, CM.—OF. provende (provendre); Church Lat. praebenda, a ration, allowance, see BH (Introd. § 40).

Prouendre, sb. a prebendary, SkD.—OF. provendier.

Prouendren, v. to provide with prebends, P.

Prouendreres, sb. pl. men who hold prebends, S2, PP.

Prouisours, sb. pl. men named by the pope to a living not vacant, S2, PP.—Church Lat. provisores (Ducange).

Prow, sb. profit, advantage, C, C3, G, H, PP, HD; prou, H.—OF. prou, pru, advantage (Bartsch).

Prowesse, sb. prowess, S2; pruesse, S.—AF. pruesse, OF. proece.

Prustes, sb. pl. priests, S2; see Prest.

Prut, adj. proud, S; see Proud.

Pryde, sb. pride, PP; prute, S2; prude, PP, S, S2; pruyde, P; pruide, PP, S2; pride, S2 (p. 74).—AS. prýte. See Proud.

Prydeles, adj. void of pride, C2.

Pryen, v. to pry, PP, C3; prien, PP; pry, Cath.; prie, 1 pr. s., Palsg.

Pryk, sb. a sting, Prompt.; prik, point, WA.

Pryket, sb. a young buck, capriolus, Prompt.; pricket, a buck in his second year (named from his pricking horns), S3, HD, Cotg. (s.v. dagard).

Prykie, v. to prick, goad, spur, ride fast, PP; prikken, C2, Prompt.; pryghte, pt. s., C2.

Prykiere, sb. rider, horseman, PP.

Prykke, sb. a broach, Prompt.; prikke, puncture, sting, C, C2.

Pryklyng, pr. p. urging, S3.

Pryme, sb. the period from six o’clock to 9 a.m., also 9 a.m., Prompt., S, PP, C2, C3; prime, S, S3, WA. Phr.: heiȝ prime, high prime, 9 a.m., PP. Comb.: prime-tide, prime, S.—Church Lat. prima.

Prymer, sb. primer, C2.

Pryns, sb. prince, PP; prynce, Prompt.—AF. prince; Lat. principem.

Prynshode, sb. princely dignity, W; prinshod, W.

Prynte, sb. print, W; see Prente.

Prys, sb. price, prize, value, excellence, high esteem, C, C2, PP; pris, S, S2, PP; price, WA, S2; pryce, Prompt.—AF. pris; Lat. prĕtium, see BH, § 32.

Prys, adj. prize, chief, PP; pris, S2; prijs, S3.

Prysen, v. to set a price, Prompt.; priss, to prize, S2.

Pryson, v. to put in prison, Prompt.; y-prisoned, pp., G. See Prisun.

Prysonere, sb. prisoner, captive, Prompt.; prisonere, PP.—OF. prisonier, AF. prisuner.

Pryue, adj. secret, intimate, PP, S2; priuee, C2, C3; priuei, S2; prevy, S3; priuee, adv., C2; priues, sb. pl., secret friends, P; priueliche, adv., secretly, S2, PP; priuely, C2; pryuely, C2.—AF. prive; Lat. priuatum.

Pryuen, v. to deprive, Prompt.; prife, H; pryuyd, pt. s., H.—OF. priver; Lat. priuare.

Pryuete, sb. privity, secret counsel, PP; priuitee, S2, C2, C; pryuyte, S2.—AF. privete.

Psalme, sb. psalm, H, PP; see Salm.

Psautere, sb. psalter, H (p. 3); see Sauter.

Publisshen, v. to make public, PP, C2; puplische, W (Mt. 1. 19); pupplische, S2; publice, imp. s., PP.—A form due to analogy from OF. publier; Lat. publicare.

Pucelle, sb. a girl, maiden; pucell, S3.—OF. pucelle, pulcelle; dimin. from Lat. pullus, the young of any animal; cp. OF. polle, maiden (Bartsch). Cp. Pulte, Polcat.

Pukken, v. to poke, push, incite, P; pukked, pt. s., P.

Pulched, pp. polished, S3; see Polische.

Pulte, sb. pullet, Prompt.; poletes, pl., S2, PP.—OF. polete; dim. of pole, polle; Lat. pulla. Cf. Pucelle, Polcat.

Pulten, v. to push, beat, strike, put, PP, S2; pelte, PP; pilte, PP, SkD (s.v. pelt); pulte, pt. s., PP; pult, PP, S2; pelte, S; pelt, PP; i-pilt, pp., G; pilt, S, SkD.

Pulter, sb. poulterer, Cath.—AF. poleter, pulleter.

Pultrie, sb. poultry, S3, C, Prompt.; pultery, name of a London street, the Poultry, S3.—AF. pultrie, poletrie.

Punde, sb. dat. pound; see Pound (1).

Puple, sb. people, PP, Prompt., W2; pupel, S2; poeple, PP; puplis, pl., W2.—OF. peuple, poeple (AF. people); Lat. populum.

Pur, adj. pure, thorough, complete, S2, PP; pure, PP, S3, C; puir, PP; puire, PP; pur, adv., completely, S2; pure, merely, very, S3; purlyche, adv., purely, completely, S3.—OF. pur; Lat. purum.

Purchacen, v. to acquire, purchase, PP; purchasen, C3.—AF. purchacer, to pursue, to acquire; OF. porchacier.

Purchas, sb. gain, winnings, C, G; porchas, S2.—AF. purchas.

Purchasour, sb. prosecutor, C.—AF. purechasour.

Purchasyng, sb. prosecution, C.

Purfil, sb. the furred trimming of a dress, P; purfyle, P; purfle, a hem, Manip.

Purfilen, v. to embroider on an edge, to purl, C, P; purfle, Cotg.—OF. pourfiler, from filer, to twist threads, from fil, thread; Lat. filum.

Purpre, sb. purple garments, S, PP; purpire, H (44. 11); purpour, adj., S3; purpur, W; purpres, pl., purple coverings, S.—AF. purpre; Lat. purpura.

Purpurat, adj. of a purple colour, S3.—Lat. purpuratus, clad in purple.

Purpuresse, sb. a seller of purple (= purpuraria), W.

Purse, sb. purse, bag, PP, S, C3; purs, PP, C2, C; porse, PP; pors, S2.—AS. purs (Engl. Studien, xi. 65, 1.36); Late Lat. bursa; Gr. βύρση, a skin.

Purtenaunce, sb. appurtenance, belongings, PP; purtenance, the intestines of an animal, WW; portenaunce, Palsg.; purtenancis, pl., S3.—OF. appartenance (Cotg.).

Purtreied, pp. pourtrayed, S3; see Portrey.

Purveour, sb. purveyor, PP, SkD.—AF. purveour.

Purveyaunce, sb. providence, provision, plan, means of getting, equipment, W; purveiance, S2, C3; purueance, S2.—AF. purveaunce, OF. pörveänce; Lat. providentia.

Purueyen, v. to provide, W2, C2, PP; puruay, S2, H; poruayen, H; porueynde, pr. p., S2; purueid, pp., S3; pourveid, S2; porueid, S2.—AF. purveier, purvëer, for OF. porvëoir; Lat. prouidēre.

Puðeren, v. to poke about, S (9. 96).

Putten, v. to put, push, PP, W; puten, S; puiten, PP; puttide, pt. s., S2; potte, S2; pot, pl., S2; putten to, added, assented, W; put, pp., H; y-put, C3; i-put, G.

Puttynge, sb. pushing, instigation, H.

Puyssant, adj. powerful, SkD; puissant, S3.—OF. puissant, poissant; Late Lat. *pocsentem, *possentem (cp. It. possente), from Lat. posse, to be able; see Constans (Notes, p. 23).

Puyssaunce, sb. might, power, HD; puysaunce, S3; piscence, S3.—OF. puissance, poissance.

Pykare, sb. a little thief, Prompt.; pykers, pl., PP.

Pyke, sb. a pike, pointed pole, staff furnished with a spike, Prompt.; pyk, S2; pykis, pl., thorns, prickles, S3. Comb.: pyk-staf, pike-staff, PP.

Pyken, v. to pick, to steal, PP, Prompt.; picke, WW; pykkand, pr. p., S3; pikid, pt. s., PP. Comb.: pyke-herneis, plunderers of armour, PP; pyke-hernois, PP; pyke-porse, one who steals a purse, PP; picke-purse, S3; pick-purse, a name for Paris, S3 (p. 374); pike-purs, C. Cf. Picchen.

Pykeys, sb. a mattock, tool for digging, Prompt.; pykoys, P; pycows, Voc.—OF. picois (Ducange).

Pylche, sb. a furred garment, Voc., HD, Prompt.; pilche, S3, HD, ND. Comb.: pilche-clut, a pilch-clout, rag of a pilch, S.—AS. pylce; Lat. pellicia, made of fur (Voc.).

Pylgrim, sb. pilgrim, PP; pilegrym, S; pelegrim, SkD; pylgrymes, pl., PP.—Prov. pellegrins; Lat. peregrinus; cp. OF. pelerin. See Peregrin.

Pylgrimage, sb. pilgrimage, PP; pelrimage, S.—AF. pilrymage; OF. pelerinage.

Pyment, sb. spiced wine and honey, CM, Voc.; pirment, nectar, Voc., HD; pymente, Prompt.—OF. piment, pigment (Bartsch); Late Lat. pigmentum (Ducange).

Pynden, v. to shut in the pound, Cath.; punt, pr. s., S.—AS. pyndan (in for-pyndan); cp. Icel. pynda. See Pound.

Pynder, sb. a pindar, pinner, one who impounds stray cattle, Cath., Bardsley; pyndare, Prompt.; pinder, ND; pynner, Manip., Bardsley; pinner, Bardsley.

Pyne, sb. anguish, torment, S, S3, C2, C3; pyn, S2; pines, pl., S, S2; pynes, S2; pine, S; pinen, S; pynen, S2.—AS. pín; Late Lat. pēna, see Sievers, 69. Cf. Peyne.

Pynen, v. to torment, S2; pinen, S; pyns, pr. s., S2; pinede, pt. s., suffered, PP; pynede, S2; pined, pp., S; tormented, S2; y-pyned, S2; i-pined, S.—AS. pínian (BT).

Pyning, sb. torture; pining, S. Comb.: pynyng-stoles, stools of punishment, cucking-stools, PP, S2.—AS. pínung.

Pynne, sb. pin, peg, bolt, bar, PP; pyn, G.—AS. pinn, pin, peg (BT).

Pynnen, v. to shut up, enclose, pen, PP; pinnen, PP, S2; pennen, SkD.—AS. pennan (in on-pennan).

Pynoun, sb. a pennon, C; see Penoun.

Pyony, sb. peony, Prompt.; pyon, Cath.; pyany, Prompt.; piones, pl., seeds of the peony, P; pyonies, PP.—OF. pione, pion (Cotg.); Lat. p(a)eonia; Gr. παιωνία, the peony.

Pyry, sb. storm of wind, gust, Prompt.; pyrie, S3 (p. 437); pirie, HD, Prompt. (n); pyrry, Palsg., ND: pirrie, S3, ND; perrie, Prompt. (n), ND; berrie, Cotg. (s.v. tourbillor); berry, Florio (s.v. cróscia d’ácque), HD.

Pyt, sb. pit, pool, Prompt.; put, S. PP; pit, S; pytte, Prompt.; putte, S, PP, S2; pette, S2.—AS. pytt; Late Lat. *putius; Lat. puteus.

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Q

Quad, adj. and sb. evil, bad, the Evil One, MD, C2; qued, MD, PP; cwed, MD; quet, MD; kueade, dat., S2; queade, S2; quede, S2.—AS. cwead; cf. Du. kwaad.

Quad, pt. s. quoth, S; see Queðen.

Quaile, v. to wither, to die, S3 (28a. 91), SkD, ND. Sh.; to overpower, intimidate, ND, SkD, Sh.

Quain, sb. trouble, mourning, S2.—AS. *hwán (see below).

Quainen, v. to lament, MD (s.v. hwenen); whene, MD.—AS. hwánan (in á-hwǽnan, BT).

Quair, sb. quire, book, S3; quayre, Manip., CM; quayer, Voc.—OF. quayer (F. cahier), Prov. cazern for cadern; It. quaderno; Lat. quaternum; cp. Late Lat. quaternio a sheet folded in four (Voc.). See Quartern.

Quaken, v. to quake, tremble, S2; cwakien, S; quakede, pt. s., PP, MD; quok (strong form), PP; quook, C2, SkD; quoke, S2, H.—AS. cwacian.

Quakynge, sb. trembling, Prompt., MD; quakyng, W.—AS. cwacung.

Qual, sb. whale, MD, Cath. (n); qwal, Prompt.; qwaylle, Cath.; quale, S2; whal, W2; hwel, MD; qualle, pl., S2, Cath. (n); quhalis, S3, Cath. (n).—AS. hwæl.

Qualm, sb. death, pestilence, S2, H; cwalm, MD; qualme, dat., C.—AS. cwealm. See Quelen.

Quarel, sb. a square-headed cross-bow bolt, quarrel, WA, SkD; quarelle, S2; quarrel, WA, ND.—AF. quarel, cross-bow bolt; Late Lat. quadrellum (ace.), a quarrel, a square tile, dimin. of Lat. quadrus, square.

Quarere, sb. quarry, Prompt.; quareres, pl., S2.—OF. quarriere (Cotg.); Late Lat. quadraria, quarry, deriv. from quadrus. See above.

Quartern, sb. prison; cwarterne, dat., MD; quarterne, S, MD.—AS. cweartern, prison, perhaps for AS. quatern, ‘quaternio’ (OET). Cp. Fr. caserne (Sp. caserna), barracks; Lat. quaterna (see Brachet); an etym. illustrated by the Fr. sea-term casernet, log-book, a deriv. of Lat. quaternum, see Diez, p. 755 (s.v. cahier).—See Quair.

Quarteroun, sb. a quarter, P, HD; quartrun, PP.

Quat, Quað, pt. s. quoth, S; see Queðen.

Quatriuials, sb. pl. the quadrivials, the quadrivium, the four higher sciences: astrology, geometry, arithmetic, music, S3 (14. 511).—From Late Lat. quadrivium, the four mathematical sciences; in Lat. a place where four ways meet.

Quave-mire, sb. quagmire, HD; quamier, DG.

Quauen, v. to shake, S2, PP, Prompt.; quave, HD, JD, DG.

Quauynge, sb. shaking, MD.

Quayle, v. to curdle, to coagulate, Palsg., Prompt., Manip.—OF. coailler Lat. coagulare.

Quaynt, adj. prudent, wise, H; quaynte, quaint, curious, WA; see Coint.

Quayntis, sb. wisdom, prudence, H; see Cointise.

Quayre, sb. quire, book, CM see Quair.

Queade, sb. evil, iniquity, S2; see Quad.

Queale, sb. a blister, pimple, pupula, Manip.; see Whele.

Quecchen, v. to shake, MD; qvycchyn, Prompt.; quytche, Palsg.; quitch, Cotg. (s.v. oeil); cwehte, pt. s., MD; quehte, MD.—AS. cweccan.

Qued, adj. bad, S2, PP; see Quad.

Quedschipe, sb. wickedness, MD; queadschipe, S; cweadschipe, S.

Queere, sb. quire, choir, Prompt.; queer, W2; quere, W2; queir, S3.—OF. choeur (Cotg.); Lat. chorum (acc.); Gr. χορός.

Quek, adj. living, S2; see Quik.

Quelen, v. to die, MD; cwelen, MD.—AS. cwelan, pt. cwæl (pl. cwǽlon), pp. cwolen. Cp. OHG. quelan, ‘cruciari’ (Tatian).

Quellen, v. to kill, S, S2, C3, C; quelde, pt. s., S; cwelled, pp., S.—AS. cwellan; cp. OHG. quelen ‘cruciare’ (Tatian), quellen (Otfrid).

Quellere, sb. executioner, MD.—AS. cwellere.

Queme, adj. pleasing, S, MD; qweme, convenient, WA; cweme, S; wheme, MD.—AS. (ge)cwéme, from c(w)óm, pt. of cuman; cp. OHG. (bi)queman, to come to, to suit, fit (Otfrid); see Kluge (s.v. bequem). See Comen.

Quemeful, adj. placable, W2.

Quemen, v. to please, S, H, PP; cwernen, S; cwemde, pt. s., S; i-quemd, pp., S; i-cwemet, S.—AS. cwéman.

Quenchen, v. to quench, S, Prompt., S3, SkD; cwennkenn, S; queynte, pt. s., MD, S2; queynt, pp., MD, C; y-kuenct, S2; quenchid, W2.—AS. cwencan.

Quene, sb. queen, wife, woman, quean, S, C2, C3, WA; quen, S, C; cuen, S; kuen, MD; kwene, S; cwene, MD.—AS. cwén; cp. OHG. quena, wife (Otfrid); for root see Brugmann, § 467, 3.

It should be noted that E. queen is not precisely the same word as E. quean. For queen is the phonetic equivalent of AS. cwén, Goth. kwēns, whereas quean represents AS. cwĕne, Goth. kwĭno.

Querel, sb. a complaint, dispute, quarrel, S2, W2; querele, SkD.—AF. querele; Late Lat. *querella, for Lat. querēla.

Querne, sb. hand-mill, C2, Prompt., Palsg., MD; queerne, W.—AS. cweorn; cp. Goth. kwairnus; see Brugmann, § 442.

Querrour, sb. quarry-man, CM. See Quarere.

Quest, sb. an inquiry, jury, verdict, G.—OF. queste, a quest (Cotg.). Quest is used for the proper legal term enquest; OF. enqueste.

Queste, sb. will, bequest, G; quiste, S. A corrupt form of Quide (q.v.), influenced by the above word.

Queðen, v. to speak, MD; cweðen, S, MD; cwað, pt. s., S; cweð, S; queð, S; quað, S, S2; quoð, S; quat, S; quad, S; quod, S, S2, C2; koth, S3; couth, MD; cothe, MD; hwat, MD; wat, S; ko, S3; i-cwede, pp., S.—AS. cweðan, pt. cwæð (pl. cwǽdon), pp. ge-cweden.

Queynt, adj. prudent, fine, quaint, MD; queynte, S3, C2, MD; see Coint.

Queynte, pt. s. was extinguished, S2; see Quenchen.

Queyntelich, adv. skilfully, neatly, MD; queynteli, S3; see Cointeliche.

Queyntise, sb. skill, S3; see Cointise.

Quide, sb. speech, bequest, MD; cwide, S, MD.—AS. cwide; cp. OHG. quiti, ‘testimonium’ (Tatian). See Queðen.

Quidities, sb. pl., S3.—From Late Lat. quiditas, a term of the Schoolmen; that which relates to the essence of a thing, having reference to the question quid est, what is it? Cp. OF. quidditatif, ‘quidditative, doubtful, full of quirks, contentions, wrangling’ (Cotg.).

Quik, adj. and adv. living, quick, flowing (of water), S, S2, W; quic, S, S2; quek, S2; quyk, S3, W, W2; cwic, S; cwike, S; cwuce, S; quicke, S; quike, pl., S, S2; quyke, S, C; quycke, S3.—AS. cwic (cuc); cp. OHG. quek (Otfrid).

Quikie, v. to cause to revive, also, to be kindled, PP; quike, C3; quyke, C; cwikien, MD.—AS. cwician.

Quikliche, adv. quickly, PP; quicliche, S2.

Quiknen, v. to give life, to receive life, SkD; quykene, W, W2.

Quiste, sb. will, bequest, S; see Queste.

Quiten, v. to repay, PP; see Quyten.

Quitter, sb. filth that runs from a wound, HD: quytur, rottenness, HD; quytere, W2; quitture, DG.

Quod, pt. s. quoth, S, S2, C2; see Queðen.

Quok, pt. s. quaked, C2; see Quaken.

Quoynte, adj. skilful, MD, HD; see Coint.

Quoynteliche, adv. skilfully, MD; see Cointeliche.

Quoyntyse, sb. quaintness of dress, PP; quointise, stratagem, S2; see Cointise.

Quyk, adj. living, moving, S3, W, W2; see Quik.

Quyk-myre, sb. quagmire, S3.

Quyknar, sb. giver of life, S3.

Quyr-boilly, sb. boiled leather, used for making defensive armour, C2.—OF. cuir bouilli (Cotg.).

Quyrry, sb. the quarry, the dog’s share in the slaughtered game, S3; quyrre, SkD (s.v. quarry, p. 824); guerre, SkD.—OF. cuiree; Late Lat. coriata, from Lat. corium, hide, skin (OF. cuir).

Quyten, v. to requite, repay, settle, satisfy, S2, C2, C3, PP, W, H; quiten, S2, PP; quitte, pt. s. G; qwit, H; quyt, pp., PP; y-quit, C2.—OF. quiter; Late Lat. quietare.

Quytly, adj. quite, H; whitely, H.

Quytter, v. to twitter, S3.

Quytur, sb. rottenness, HD (p. 660); see Quitter.

The subdivision of I is as in the original.

The subdivision of T, U/V, and W, and the format of their headers, is as in the original. Note that Th includes Þ.

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