Memoirs of the Marquis de La Fayette, major-general in the revolutionary army of the United States of America

Front matter

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CHAPTER I. Page

'J he descent and connections of La Fayette - 13

The fiwours of the Court of Louis XVI - - 14

Commencement of the American Revolution • *'

iSession of the 2d Congress — they appoint Colonel

George Washington as Commander in Chief of

the American armies - - - - - *'

General events of the war - - - 15

Marquis La Fayette embarks for and arrives in America 17

His reception by Congress and the Commander in Chief 18

Battle of Brandy wine ----- 19

Philadelphia taken by the British - . • «-

Battle of Germantown - - - - - **

Marquis La Fayette vested with a Major General's

command --.--_, go

General Burgoyne taken with his whole army - "

Treaty between America and France - - *'

American commission^^rs accredited at the Court of %

Versailles - - - - - -21

French Minister sails for America, on board the Toulon fleet *'

Expedition of the Marquis La Fayette - - 22

Sir Henry Clinton evacuates Philadelphia - - *'

Battle of Monmouth «<

CHAPTER H.

The Toulon fleet arrives in America from France and

lands the Frei ch Minister, and arrives at Newport 23 Marquis La Fayette detached to aid in the reduction of

that place ----««

Battle off that port between the French and English 24

Retreat of the Americans from before Newport - 26 Resolution of Congress in favour of the Marquis La Fayette "

General La Fayette's reply - - •*

Remarks of General Washington - - 26

1*

6 COI^TENTS.

Page Washington's letter to Congress r - 27 La Fayette's letter to Congress - - "

Resolves of Congress - - - 28 The President's letter to the Marquis, and his reply 29 General La Fayette sails for and arrives in France 30 Letter of Dr. FrankUn to General La Fayette, accompanied with a sword - - - '■' General La Fayette's reply - * - - 31

CHAPTER III. General La Fayette succeeds in his negociations at Paris 32

Embarks again for America ; arrives at Boston - "

General Washington's letter to Congress - '*

Resolve of Congress, and La Fayette's letter - 33

Resolve of Congress - - - - "

General La Fayette repairs to Head (Quarters ; writes to

Samuel Adams - . - - 34 Mr. Adams' reply - - - - 35 Doings of Massachusetts General Court - - 3G Sir Henry Clinton's expedition to Charleston - " Fall of Charleston - . . - 40 Southern war under Cornwallis and General Greene *' French armament arrives at Newport _ _ << General Washington meets the French officers at Hartford 42

Treachery of Arnold - - - •'

Chapter IV

General La Fayette detached to Virginia to catch Arnold — Borrows of the merchants at Baltimore 2000

guinea?, to supply the army - - - 43

Enters the lists with Lord Cornwallis ; general movements "

General La Fayette's letter to General Greene - 44

General Washington meets the French officers at Weth-

ersfield - - - - - 40

'Washington's letter to the Governors of the Northern

States ,--.-"

Count Rochambeau joins General Washington with the

whole French army - - - *«

Count de Grasse arrives at the Chesapeak from France 41

CONTENTS. 7

Poge General Washington puts in motion the whole allied

army to co-operate in the conquest of Lord Cornwallis 47

Battle off the mouth of the Chesapeak - - 48

The allies form a junction at Williamsburg - '»

Washington's general orders - - - 49 Seige of Yorktovvn

General Ln Fayette storms a redoubt - . 50

Washington's general orders - - - a

Fall of Yorktown, and capture of Cornwallis - 51

Washington's general orders, and letter to Congress "

Resolves of Congress - - - - 52 General Washington repairs to Philadelphia — state of

public feeling - - > . 53

Address of Monsieur Bandole . - - "•

Chapter V

Marquis La Fayette addresses a letter to Congress 55 Resolves of Congress - - - - 56 La Fayette's reply - - - - 57 General La Fayette sails again for France - - <' His reception by the king, the Court, and the nation 6C His visit to the king of Prussia - - 59 His letter to Sir Henry Clinton . . tt Sir Henry's reply - - - - 60 The British evacuate New York - _ « General Washington resigns his commission - *< Defmitive treaty arrives from France , . c Genpral Washington invites General La Fayette to revisit America - - - - 61

CHAPTER VL

The Marquis arrives at New York - - 6i

Address and reply - - - - 62

Visits General Washington at Mount Vernon - 63

' Marquis arrives at Hartford on his way to Boston - 64

Arrives at Watertown . - - - - 65

Arrives in Boston . ... 67

Resolves of Congress - - - 68

Marquis La Fayette takes leave of Congress - 60

^ CONTENTS.

General La Fayette naturalized by the U. States generally 70

GenenU La Fayette embarks at New York for France '•

CHAPTER VII. General events of the French Revolution - 71

Marquis La Fayette arrives in France - - 72 The Marquis is called as a member of the Assembly of

the Notables - - - - 73 The king dissolves this Assembly and the Parliament of

Paris check the measures of the king - '•

The king orders the States General to be convened 74

They resolve themselves into the National Assembly " Remarks of Marquis La Fayette as a member of the

Assembly - - . . <t

Letter of Marquis La Fayette - - 77

General La Fayette's letter to the Legislative body 85

Also to the king - - - - 89

La Fayette's address to the National Assembly - 90

General La Fayette's address to the army - 94

The Assembly decree his arrest - - 95

General La Fayette flees into exile . . <* is taken by the Austrians and delivered to the

Prussians - - - - 97 is delivered again to the Austrians, and imprisoned at Olmutz - - 99

CHAPTER VIIL

Riots in Paris on the 2d of September - 101

National Convention organized - - 102

Trial of the king - - - - 103

Execution of the king - - - 105

Bloody scenes that followed in the Convention "

Arrest and trial of the Queen - - - 106

Execution of the Queen - - - 107

General events that followed - - "

CHAPTER IX. French Revolution continued - - 108

War in La Vandee - - - - •'

Revolution in Holland - - - 112

CONTENTS. V

Chapter X

Page Overtures of the American government for the liberation of General La Fayette - - 113 President Washington's letter - - '' Speech of General Fitzpatric in the British House of

Commons - - - - 114

Plan of Count Lally Tolendal for the liberation of Marquis La Fayette - - - 117 General Holstein's acco|int of Dr. Bollman's adventure ItO

CHAPTER XL

Bollman and Huger arrive at Olmutz, and attempt to rescue General La Fayette - - 12-1 Adventure ot Bollman and Huger continued '*

CHAPTER XIL

Tyranny of the Austrian Minister, Baron Thugut, and

Count Saurau - - - ]33

Sufferings of Francois Huber - - 1 34

Adventures of General Holstein - - 135

Fate of Passy, friend of the prisoners at Olmutz 140

CHAPTER XIIL

La Fayette, Bollman and Huger, arrested and imprisoned at Olmutz - - - - 140 Further sufferings of the prisoners - . <« Bollman and Huger liberated - - 147

CHAPTER XIV.

Baron de Schroter succeeds Count d'Arco, as governor of the castle of Olmutz - . . «<

He gives some relief to the rigid confinement of La

Fayette - - - - 14f>

Adventures of the prison - - - "

CHAPTER XV.

Important events in France - • - 151

Sketch of the character and suflferings of Madame La

Fayette in France » - - 162

10 CONTENTS.

Page

Madame La Fayette's liberation - - 153

journey to Vienna, with her two daughters - 154

interview with the Emperor of Austria - 155

departure for Olmutz - - - 156

interview with her husband in the prison of Olmutz,

%vhere she remained with her two daughters, in

close confinement ■ - - - 157

CHAPTER XVI.

General Holstein, under the fictitious name of Peter Felflmann, commissioned by La Fayette's friends at Hamburg, to repair to Olmutz and contribute to the relief of the prisoners - - 160

His adventures at Olmutz - - 161

CHAPTER XVH.

General movements of the French armies - 166

Rise of General Bonaparte - - - 168

Campaign of Italy - - - - 169

General operations of the campaign in Germany 1 72

Peace of Campo Formio, by which the prisoners of

Olmutz are to be set at liberty - - Ho

CHAPTER XVIII.

Conditions of liberation attempted to be imposed on La Fayette, and his two companions, by the Emperor of Austria - - - - ^"^

They all depart for Holstein

CHAPTER XIX.

Expedition from Toulon to Egypt - - "

Battle of Aboukir - - - - 121

Conquest of Egypt by Bonaparte ; return to France Revolution in the government of France, and return of

General La Fayette and his family - - ISS

CHAPTER XX.

General La Fayette under the Consular government 1 83

General La Fayette's interview with the Consul

Address of General La Fayette to the First Consul 184

CONTENTS. n

CHAPTER XXI.

Page War between France and England, and Austria - 184 New Revolution in the government of France - 187 Russia joins the coalition against France - "

General movements of the armies ; Battle of Austerlitz " Peace with Austria and Russia - - '^

Emperor Napoleon crowned king of Italy - 188

Battle of Trafalgar - - - - '*

New coalition against France — battle of Jena - 189

Peace of Tilsit ; Berlin decree - - *«

Treaty of Fontainbleau — Intrigues with Spain - 1 90

Joseph Bonaparte upon the throne of Spain — War, &c. " Coalition of England and Austria against France-War, &c. 191 General movements in the Austrian war - 192

Peace with Austria — Continental system - 193

General movements for the Russian war' - 194

CHAPTER XXII.

The Emperor Napeleon commences the Russian war 195 General movements of the grand army - "

Battle of Smolensk — of Borodino - - <'

Destruction of IMoscow — Retreat of the French 197

Flight of the Emperor Napoleon — Ruin of the French

Battle of Leipsic — Banishment of Napoleon — Restoration of the Bourbons ... qqq Recovery of the Emperor Napoleon — Battle of Waterloo - - . . . 201 Napoleon in England - - - 202

CHAPTER XXIII.

Character of La Fayette by Madame de Stael 203

Description of La Grange - - - 205

Visit of Charles J. Fox - - - 206

The tamily at La Grange - - - 208

Death of M idame La Fayette - - 209 Part taken by La Fayette at the abdication of Napoleon 210

The family at La Grange continued - - 212

La Fayette proposes to revisit America - 216

Invitations to La Fayette - - - 217

La Fayette embarks for America - - 221

12 cbNTENTS.

CONTEJVTS OF THE TOUR.