The constitutions and other select documents illustrative of the history of France 1789-1901

Preface

The practice of studying documents in connection with the history courses given in American universities, colleges, and high schools has now become so general, and the results attained so satisfactory, that the method no longer requires any defence. With the introduction of the system has come a new kind of manual, the document-book. So many excellent books of this description have already appeared that the edito-r of still another may be reasonably expected to offer an adequate explanation for its publication.

Three considerations have induced me to prepare this volume. The first of these is personal and local. For several years past I have made a practice of dividing my class in modern European history into small sections which I could meet once each week around the seminary table. At these meetings we have studied together a considerable part of the documents here included, but the work has been hampered by the lack of a convenient collection of the documents. Fidelity to the interest of my pupils seemed to impose upon me the obligation to remove this difficulty. The second consideration lies in the attractiveness of the documents. After considerable experience in the use of various classes of documents upon European history I have reached the conclusion that students find the modern French documents more attractive than any others. Doubtless the chief reasons for this preference are that modern documents are more easily comprehended than those of more remote periods and that the style of the French is superior to that of English and German documents. Since documentary study must usually be confined to a small part of the field traversed by a class, I believe that for classes in modern European history the preference of the students may well be allowed to control the selection of the period to be studied. The third consideration is the importance of the vi PREFACE

field covered. The history of France since the beginning of. the Revolution surely deserves a volume in English presenting as large a proportion as possible of the important documents.

The task of selectmg the documients for a book of this description is a difficult one. It may be safely asserted that no two persons would make the same selections, however well agreed they might be upon the general principles of choice. My first and foremost aim has been to pick out those documents likely to be serviceable to teachers. I have especially striven to avoid the error of a too rigid application of some definition of the term document or of some classification. The special reason for the inclusion of most of the documents will be found at least hinted at in the introductions. The more general principles which I have applied require some explanation. There appear to be at least five important ways in v/hich a document-book may be profitably used in the teaching of history, (i) Much historical data can be acquired through such study. It must be admitted, however, that the same amount of time spent upon a good text-book will in this particular usually produce better results, for the reason that the documents studied are so few in number and so disconnected that no adequate idea of any considerable period is obtained. The defect can be remedied in large measure by using a single class of documents running through a considerable period. In modern French history the constitutions serve the purpose admirably. For this reason all of these are included and no elisions have beeii made, excepting two or three tabular lists of territorial divisions. (2) Documents may be used as the basis for oral or written reports ; usually the work should be done in connection with secondary accounts, but the proofs for the principal statements should be drawn from the documents. Many-0f~the groups, with their accompanying references, are inserted for this purpose. It should be observed that these groups usually contain the materials out of which the student should be able to deduce some quite definite result, such as the evolution of a policy or of an institution or the manner in which an institution operated. (3) In the opinion of many teachers the greatest value to be derived from the study of documents is a certain familiarity with the methods of historical investi-

PREFACE vii

gation. I believe that a large amount of the documents here given present unusually good opportunities for exercises designed with that intent. (4) The meaning of technical terms and the significance of constantly recurring allusions can often be more satisfactorily explained in connection with a document than by any other method. None of the selections have been made principally for this reason, but with quite a number it has been an important factor, (5) With many instructors the use of original sources in the teaching of history is valued chiefly for its vitalizing effect. For this purpose documents are perhaps less effective than contemporary narratives. Yet there are many exceptions. Several of the documents not otherwise of the highest worth have been included for their value in this particular.

Most of the documents in this collection will serve several of these purposes, but the superior value of a document for but one of these is often the decisive reason for its inclusion.

The brevity of the introductions has made it necessary that I should confine myself to pointing out only a very few of the ways in which the documents are of interest. In some cases I regret that the plan has not made possible more extended comment, but in general I believe that as much has been furnished the student as he can profitably receive. He needs to be started, but he should not be told all of the things to be obtained from the document. In the furnishing of data I have tried to supply such information as is indispensable for the understanding of the document, provided it is not to be found in the document itself. The references have been purposely confined to a limited number of well known works, all of which are in English or in French. By this method I believe that all students who use the book may be induced to become quite familiar with nearly all of the works in English and, if they read any French, with the four or five French works cited. To have given more, I fear, would have defeated this purpose.

I am greatly indebted to Mrs. Helen Dresser Fling, to the editors of the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, and to the editors of that admirable series issued by the history department of the University of Pennsylvania, Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History, for permission to employ their excellent viii PREFACE.

translations wherever I have had occasion to use a document that has already appeared in their publications. In using these translations, as Vi^ell as a number of others from noncopyrighted sources, I have made separate acknowledgment in every instance and have reproduced them exactly as printed, excepting some slight typographical errors and a few changes kindly supplied by Mrs. Fling. In my own translations I have striven to be as literal as possible, having a decent regard for the idioms of the English language. Probably I have been more literal than was absolutely requisite, but I have believed that the translator of documents should err upon the side of literary form rather than meaning. In the matter of paragraphing I have invariably followed the form of the document as originally printed in French, even when a single sentence is made to run into a dozen paragraphs. As to other features of form, such as punctuation and capitals, I have been guided by two canons — to treat each document separately so as to produce the best result for that particular document, and to follow the originals as closely as English usage would allow.

It is a pleasure to acknowledge help received from several friends in addition to those already mentioned. Professor Willis Mason West, my colleague and chief, has generously responded to my frequent appeals for advice. Professor Fred Morrow Fling of the University of Nebraska kindly looked over the list of materials and made several helpful suggestions. I am under great obligation to my publishers for permission to make the volume considerably larger than stipulated in our agreement. Most of all I am indebted to my wife, Mary Steele Anderson. To her constant encourL.gement, literary criticisms, and assistance with the manuscript and proofs, I owe a large part of whatever value the volume may possess.

Frank Maloy Anderson.

University of Minnesota, April 30, 1904.

1. Decree Creating the National Assembly. June

2. The Tennis Court Oath. June 20, 1789. . . 2

3. Documents upon the Royal Session of June 23,

1789 3

A. Declaration of the King upon the States -

B. Declaration of the Intentions of the King. 5 C Decree of the Assembly. . . . . 10

4. The Fourth of August Decrees. August 11, 1789. 11

5. Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen 15

6. Documents upon the Constituent Assembly and

A. Decree upon the Church Lands. November

2, 1789 15

B. Decree upon Monastic Vows. February 13,

/1789. 16

C. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy. July

12, 1790 16

D. Decree upon the Clerical Oath. November

27, 1790 22

E. Decree upon the Publication of Papal Docu-

7. Decrees for Reorganizing the Local Government

System. 24

A. Decree upon the Municipalities. December

14, 1789 24

■ B. Decree upon the Departments and Districts.

8. Decree for Abolishing the Nobility. June 19, 1790. 34

9. Decree for Reorganizing the Judicial System.

10. Circular Letter of Louis XVI to Foreign Courts.

NUMBER

II. Decree for Abolishing the Industrial Corporations

Documents upon the King's Flight.

A. The King's Declaration. June 20, 1791.

Decree for the Maintenance of Public Order

First Decree for Giving Effect to the Meas

ures of the Assembly. June 21, 1791.

Second Decree for Giving Effect to the Meas ures of the Assembly. June 22, 1791.

E. Decree upon the Oath of Allegiance. June 22, 1791

F. Decree concerning the King. June 25, 1791

G. The Protest of the Right. June 29, 1791. H. Decree concerning the King. July 16, 1791 The Padua Circular. July 5 or 6, 1791.

The Declaration of Pilnitz. August 27, 1791. The Constitution of 1791. September 3, 1791. The King's Acceptance of the Constitution. Sep

The Rejected Decrees. ....

A. Decree upon the Emigres. November 9, 1791

B. Decree upon the Non-juring Clergy. November 29, 1791. .....

Letter of Louis XVI to the King of Prussia. De cember 3, 1791. .....

Declaration of War against Austria. April 20 1792.

The Three Revolutlonan^ Decrees.

21. 22.

B.

D.

A

B.

C.

Decree for the Deportation of the Non-juring

Priests. May 27, 1792.

Decree for Disbanding the King's Body

Guard. May 29, 1792

Decree for Establishing a Camp of Federes

The Petition of the 20th of June. June 20, 1792 Addresses to the Legislative Assembly.

A. Address of the Commune of Marseilles. Jun^

27, 1792

B. Address of the Federes at Paris. July 23,1792

43 45

51 51

52 53 53 54 54 57 58

96 97

103 104

CONTENTS xi

C. Address of the Paris Sections. August 3, 1792. 114

23. The Duke of Brunswick's Manifesto. July 25,

1792 118

24. Decree for Suspending Louis XVI. August 10,

1792. 122

25. Decree for Electing the Convention. August

26. The Jacohin Club Address. September 12, 1792. 126

27. Documents upon the Transition to the Republic. 128

A. Declaration upon the Constitution, Septem-

B. Decree for Abolishing the Monarchy. Sep-

C. Decree for Provisional Enforcemient of the

D. Decree upon the Dating of Public Documents.

E. Decree upon the Unity and Indivisibility of

the Republic. September 25, 1792. . . 129

28. Documents upon the Convention and Foreign Pol-

A. Declaration for Assistance and Fraternity to

Foreign Peoples. November 19, 1792. . 129

B. Decree for Proclaiming the Liberty and Sov-

ereignty of all Peoples. December 15, 1792. 130

C. Decree upon NonTntervention. April 13, 1793. 133

29. Documents upon the Convention and Religion. 133

A. Declaration upon Religious Policy. January

B. Decree upon the Non-juring Priests. April

23, 1793 134

C. Decree upon Dangerous Priests. October 20-

21, 1793 135

D. Decree upon Religious Freedom. December

8, 1793 136

E. Decree for Establishing the Worship of the

Supreme Being. May 7, 1794. . . . 137

F. Decree upon Expenditures for Religion. Sep-

G. Decree upon Religion. February 21, 1795. . 139

NUMBER H.

34- 35.

39- 40. 41. 42. 43-

44. 45.

Church Buildings September 29,

January

Decree for Restoring May 30, 1795.

I. Organic Act upon Religion.

Documents upon the fimigres.

A. Declaration of the Regent of France

28, 1793

B. Decree against the Emigres. March 28, 1793 Declaration of War against Great Britain. February I, 1793. ... . .

Documents upon the Revolutionary Tribunal o Paris. .......

A. Decree for Creating an Extraordinary Crim-

inal Tribunal. March 10, 1793.

B. Law of 22 Prairial. June 10, 1794.

Law for Establishing the Revolutionary Commit tees. March 21, 1793.

Decree upon the Press. March 29, 1793

Decree for Establishing the Committee of Public Safety. April 6, 1793

Robespierre's Proposed Declaration of Rights April 24, 1793 ,

Decree upon the Deputies on Mission. April 30 1793. ■ '

Documents upon

A. Decree upon the Convention and Education, Primary Education. May 30

B

C

Decree upon Secondary Education, February

25, 1795

Organic Act upon Education. October 25, 1795 Constitution of the Year I. June 24, 1793. Decree for the Levy en Masse. August 23, 1793 The Law of Suspects. September 17, 1793. Law of the Maximum. September 29, 1793.

Decree upon the Revolutionary Government. Oc

Decree for the Republican -Calendar. Novem

Organic Decree upon the Government of the Ter

140 144

145 147

14^ 151

151 154

157 158

164 167

168 169 170 183 185 187

46. Decree upon Slavery. February 4, 1794.

47. Decree upon Assignats. May 10, 1794.

48. Treaties with Prussia.

A. Treaty of Basle. April 5, 1795.

B. Secret Convention. August 5, 1796.

49. Treaty of the Hague. May 16, 1795.

50. Constitution of the Year III. August 22, 1795.

51. Law against Public Enemies. April 16, 1796.

A. Suspension of Hostilities. June 2.2^, 1796.

B. Treaty of Tolentino. February 19, 1797. <,Z' Law upon British Products. October 31, 1796.

54. Secret Convention with Genoa. June 6, 1797.

55. Treaty of Campo Formio. October 27, 1797.

56. Law of Hostages. July 12, 1799.

57. The Brumaire Decree. November 10, 1799.

58. Constitution of the Year VHL December 13

__59. Order for Suppressing the Newspapers. January

17, 1800

60. Law for Reorganizing the Administrative System

February 17, 1800

~"6i. Law for Reorganizing the Judicial System. March

18, 1800.

62. Treaty of Luneville. February 9, 1801.

63. Treaty of Amiens. March 27, 1802.

64. Documents upon Napoleon and the Reorganiza

tion of Religion. .....

A. The Concordat. September 10, 1801 — April

8, 1802

B. Organic Articles for the Catholic Church

C. The Declaration of 1682.

D. Organic Articles for the Protestant Sects

65. Documents upon Napoleon and Education.

A. Law upon Public Instruction. May i, 1802

B. Imperial Catechism. April 4, 1807. .

C. Decree for Organizing the Imperial Univer

255 257 258

261 267 260

27\)

288 290

296 296 299

308^ 308

NUMBER

66. Documents upon the Consulate for Life.

A. Declaration of the Tribunate. May 6, 1802

B. Re-election by the Senate. May 6, 1802.

C. Message of the First Consul to the Senate

D. Order of the Consuls. May 10, 1802. .'

E. Senatus-Consultum. August 4, 1802. . ^7. Law for Organizing the Legion of Honor. (Con

stitution of the Year X.) May 19, 1802. €8. Law for Re-establishmg Slavery in the French Colonies. May 20, 1802.

69. Declaration of France upon the Reorganization

of Germany. August 18, 1802.

70. Treaty with Spain. October 19, 1803.

71. Senatus-Consultum. (Constitution of the Year

'J2. Documents upon the Kingdom of Italy.

A. Constitutional Statute. March 17, 1805.

B. Proclamation of the Kingdom. March 19

'j'i. Treaty of Alliance between Great Britain and Russia. April 11, 1805

74. Treaty of Pressburg. December 26, 1805. .

75. Documents upon the Kingdom of Naples. . A." Proclamation to the Army. December 30

B. Imperial Decree Making Joseph Bonaparte

King of Naples. March 30, 1806.

j^). Treaty between France and Holland. May 24

'jj. Documents upon the Continental System. .

A. British Note to the Neutral Powers. May

16, 1806

B. The Berlin Decree. November 21, 1806.

C. British Order in Council. January 10, 1807,

D. British Order in Council. November 11, 1807

E. The Milan Decree. December 17, 1807.

-¥. British Order in Council. April 26, 1809.

G. The Rambouillet Decree. March 23, 1810.

PAGE

324 324

339 342

343 368 368

379 380

381 384

CONTENTS XV

78. Documents upon the Confederation of the Rhine. 397 A;, Treaty for Establishing the Confederation.

B. Note of Napoleon to the Diet. August i, 1806. 399

C. Declaration of the Confederated States. Aug-

D. Abdication of Francis II. August 7, 1806. . 403

79. Documents upon the Peace of Tilsit. . . 405

A. Treaty of Peace between France and Russia.

B. Secret Treaty of Alliance between France and

C. Treaty of Peace between France and Prussia.

D. Treaty between France and Prussia. Sep-

80. Senatus-Consultum for Suppressing the Tribun-

81. Documents upon the Overthrow of the Spanish

Monarchy. 418

A. Convention of Fontainebleau. October 27,

1807. 418

B. Convention with Charles IV. May 5, 1808. 420

C. Imperial Decree Proclaiming Joseph Bona-

parte King of Spain. June 6, 1808. . . 421

82. The Erfurt Convention. October 12, 1808. . 421

83. Decree upon the Term French Republic. Octob.-;r

22, 1808. 424

84. Documents upon the Annexations of 1809-1810. 425

A. Imperial Decree for the Annexation of the

B. Organic Senatus-Consultum for the Annex-

ation of the Papal States. February 17, 1810. 426

C. Treaty with Holland. March 16, 1810. . 428

D. Organic Senatus-Consultum for the Annex-

ation of Holland and North Germany. December 13, i8to. ..... 430

85. Treaty of Vienna. October 14, 1809. . . 430 "86. Decree upon Printing and Bookselling. February 5, 1810. 433 xvi CONTENTS

87. The Frankfort Declaration. December i, 1813. 436

88. Address of the Corps-Legislatif to Napoleon. De-

89. Treaty of Chaumont. March i, 1814. . . 440

90. Documents upon the Transition to the Restor-

ation Monarchy. 443

A. Proclamation of the Allies. March 31, 1814. 443

B. Act of the Senate. April i, 1814. . . 444

C. Decree for Deposing Napoleon. April 3-4,

1814. 444

D. First Abdication of Napoleon. April 4, 1814. 446

E. The Senate's Proposed Constitution. April

6, 1814. ■ . 446

F. Second Abdication of Napoleon. April 11,

1814 449

G. Treaty of Fontainebleau. April 11, 1814. . 450

92. Declaration of St. Ouen. May 2, 1814. . . 455

93. Constitutional Charter of 1814. June 4, 1814. . 456

94. Proclamation of Napoleon. March i, 1815. . 464

95. Decree for Convoking an Extraordinary Assembly.

96. Declaration of the Powers against Napoleon.

07. Treaty of Alliance against Napoleon. March 25,

1815. 469

98. The Act Additional. April 22, 1815. . . 471

99. Treaty of Paris. November 20, 1815. . . 479

100. Treaty of Alliance against France. November

20, 1815. 482

loi. Press Laws and Ordinances of the Restoration. 485

A. Law upon the Press. June 9, 1819. . . 485

B. Law upon the Press. March 31, 1820. . , 486

C. Law upon the Press. March 17, 1822. . 488

D. Royal Ordinance upon the Press. June 24,

1827 489

102. Circular of the Keeper of the Seals. About February I, 1824. ....... 489

CONTENTS xvii

103. Documents upon the Dissolution of 1830. . 491

A. Speech of King Charles X. March 2, 1830. 491

B. Reply of the Chamber of Deputies. March

18, 1830 492

C. Response of the King. March 18, 1830. . 493

D. The Royal Proclamation. June 13, 1830. . 494

104. Documents upon the July Revolution. . . 495

A. The July Ordinances. July 25, 1830. . . 495

B. Protest of the Paris Journalists. July 26, 1830. 501

C. Protest of the Paris Deputies. July 27, 1830. 501

D. Thiers' Orleanist Manifesto. July 30, 1830. 502

E. Proclamation of the Deputies. July 31, 1830. 502

F. Proclamation by Louis Philippe. August i,

1830. 504

G. Abdication of Charles X. August 2, 1830. 504 H. Declaration of the Chamber of Deputies.

106. Law upon Elections. April 19, 1831. . . 513

107. Proclamations and Decrees of the Provisional Government of 1848, . . . . . 514

A. Proclamation of the Overthrow of the July

Monarchy. February 24, 1848. . . 515

B. Declaration Relative to Workingmen. Feb-

C. Proclamation of the Republic. February 26,

1848. . . 516

D. Decree for Establishing National Workshops.

E. Proclamation and Order for the Luxembourg

Commission. February 26, 1848. . . 517

F. Decree for Abolishing Titles of Nobility.

G. Decree upon Labor. March 2, 1848. . . 518 H. Decree for the National Assembly. March 5,

1848 519

L Decree upon Slavery. April 27, 1848. . 520

108. Petition of the i6th of April. April 16, 1848. 521

109. Declaration upon the Republic. May 4, 1848. . 522 no. Constitution of 1848. 522 xviii CONTENTS

111. Documents upon the Coup d'Etat of December

A. Decree for Dissolving the National Assembly.

B. Proclamation to the People. December 2, 1851. 538

C. Proclamation to the Army. December 2, 1851. 541

D. First Decree for the Plebiscite. December

2, 1851. 542

E. Second Decree for the Plebiscite. December

4, 1851 542

F. Election Appeal. December 8, 1851. . . 543

113. Organic Decree upon the Press. February 17,

1852 550

114. Documents upon the Evolution of the Empire. 553

A. Speech of the Prince-President to the Cham- -

B. Address of the Municipality of Vedennes to '

Louis-Napoleon. October, 1852. . . ' 556

C. The Bordeaux Address. October 9, 1852. . 557

D. Senatus-Consultum upon the Empire. No-

115. Documents upon the Congress of Paris. . 560

A. Treaty of Paris. March 30, 1856. . . 561

B. The Dardanelles Convention. March 26, 1856. 564

C. Declaration Respecting Maritime Power. April

16, 1856. . . . • . . . . 565

116. Documents upon the War in Italy. . . . 566

A. The Austrian Ultimatum. April 19, 1856. . 566

B. Reply of Sardinia. April 26, 1859. . ' . 568

C. Proclamation of Napoleon III. May 3, 1859. 568

D. Proclamation to the Italians. June 8, 1859. 570

E. Armistice of Villafranca. July 11, 1859. . 571

F. Treaty of Zurich. November 10, 1859. . 572

G. Treaty of Turin. March 24, i860. . . 573

117. Documents upon the Evolution of the Liberal Empire. ........ 574

A. Imperial Decree upon the Address to the

B. Senatus-Consultum upon the Publication of

Debates. February 2, 1861. ... 575

C. Senatus-Consultum upon the Budget. De-

D. Senatus-Consultum upon Amendments to the

Constitution. July 18, 1866. . . . 577

E. Imperial Decree upon Interpellation. Jan-

F. Senatus-Consultum upon the Powers of the

Senate. March 14, 1867 579

G. Senatus-Consultum. September 8, 1869. . 579 H. Senatus-Consultum. May 21, 1870. . . 581

T18. The Persigny Circular. May 8, 1863. . . 586

119. Law upon Public Meetings. June 6, 1868. . 589

120. The Proposed Benedetti Treaty. August 20, 1866. 591

122. Documents upon the Fourth of September. . 595

A. Proclamation to the French People. Sep-

B. Proclamation to the Inhabitants of Paris.

September 4, 1870 595

C. Decree upon the Corps-Legislatif and the

Senate. September 4, 1870. . . . 596

D. Decree upon Political and Press Offenders.

September 4, 1870 596

123. Diplomatic Circulars upon the Franco-Prussian

War 596

A. Circular to French Ministers. Septem-

B. Circular to Prussian Ministers. September

13, 1870 599

C. Circular to Prussian Ministers. September

16, 1870. . . . . . . . 601

124. Decrees and Laws upon the Executive Power,

A. Decree Appointing Thiers. February 17, 1871. 604

B. The Rivet Law. August 31, 1871. . . 604

C. Law upon the Presidency. March 13, 1873. 606

125. Preliminary Treaty of Versailles. February 26,

1871. 607

XX CONTENTS

126. Declaration of the Paris Commune. April iq,

1871. 608

127. Laws for Reorganizing Local Government . 612

A. Communal Law. April 14, 1871. . . 612

B. Departmental Law. August 10, 1871. . 61.3

128. Law for Reorganizing the Army. July 2^], 1872. 618

129. Documents upon the Overthrow of Thiers. , 622

A. The De Broglie Interpellation. May 19, 187^^. 622

B. The Government Proposals. May 19, 1873. 623

C. The Ernoul Order of the Day. May 24, 1873. 627

D. The Target Declaration. May 24, 1873. . ^2^

E. Manifesto of the Extreme Left. May 24, 1873. 627

130. The White Flag .Letter. September 23, 1873 627

131. Law of the Septennate. November 20, 1873. . 630

132. Documents upon the Establishment of the Republic. ........ 631

A. The Casimir-Perier Proposal. June 15. 1874 631

B. Th'e Ventavon Project. July 15, 1874. . • 631

C. The Proposed Laboulaye Amendment. Jan-

D. The Wallon Amendment. January 29-30, 1875. 632

133. The Constitutional Laws and Amendments. . 633

A. Law upon the Organization of the Senate.

B. Constitutional Lavv' upon the Organization of

the Public Powers. February 25, 1875. . 635

C. Constitutional Law upon the Relation of the

PubHc Powers. July 16, 1875. . 6z(^

D. Amendment upon the Seat of Government.

E. The Amendments of 1884. August 14, 1884. 639

134. Documents upon the i6th of May Crisis. . 640

A. Letter ot MacMahon to Simon. May 16, 1877. 640

B. Letter of Simon to MacMahon. May 16, 1877. 641

C. Order of the Day. May 17, 1877. . . 642

D. Manifesto of the Left. About May 20. 1877 642

E. MacMahon's First Manifesto. Sept. 19, 1877 643

F. Gambetta's Circular. October 7. 1877. - . 645

CONTENTS xxi

G. MacMahon's Second Manifesto. October ii,

1877 647

H. MacMahon's Message. December 14, 1877. 648

135. General Program of the Socialist Regional Congress of the Centre. ..... 649

136. Documents upon the Papacy and the Third Republic. ........ 652

A. Papal Encyclical. February 16, 1892. . . 652

B. Papal Brief to the French Cardinals. May 5,

1892 654

137. The Law of Associations. July i, 1901. . . 657

TITLES AND EDITIONS CITED

Actes du Gouvernment Revolutionnaire de Paris. 18 Mars- 21 Mai, 1871. Revue de France Supplement. Paris, n.d.

Adams, Henry. History of the United States during- the Administrations of Jefferson and Madison. Nine vols. New York, 18S9-1891.

American Historical Association. Annual Report for the Year 1894. Washington, 1895.

American State Papers, Foreign Relations. Six vols. Washington, 1832-1859.

Andrews, Charles M. The Political History of Modern Europe from the Congress of Vienna to the Present Time. Two vols. New York, 1896-1898.

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. Twenty-one vols. Philadelphia, 1890-1903.

Aulard, A. Histoire Politique de la Revolution Francaise. Paris, 1901.

— La Societe des Jacobins. Recueil de Documents pour I'Histoire du Club des Jacobins de Paris. Six vols. Paris, 1889-1897.

Bismarck, Prince. Bismarck, the Man and Statesman, being the Reflections and Reminiscences of Otto, Prince von Bismarck. Two vols. New York, 1899.

Bodley, John Edward Courtenay. France. Two vols. New York, 1898.

British and Foreign State Papers, compiled by the Librarian and Keeper of the Papers, Foreign Office. Ninety vols. London, 1812-1900.

Browning, Oscar. The Plight to Varennes and Other Historical Essays. London, 1892.

Buchez, B. J. B., and Roux, P. C. Histoire Parlementaire de la Revolution Francaise. Forty vols. Paris, 1834- 1838.

Clapham, J. H. The Causes of the War of 1792. Cambridge, 1899.

Coubertin, Pierre de. The Evolution of France under the Third Republic. New York, 1897.

Debidour, A. Histoire des Rapports de I'Eglise et de I'Etat en France de 1789 a 1870. Paris, 1898.

De Clercq, — . Recueil des Traites de la France, 1713-1896. Twenty vols. Paris, 1880-1900.

Delbruck, Hans, et al. Preussische Jahrbiicher. One hundred thirteen vols. Berlin, 1861-1903.

xxiv ' TITLES AND EDITIONS CITED

Dickinson, G. Lowes. Revolution and Reaction in Modern France. London, 1892.

Droysen, G. Allegemeiner Historischer Handatlas. Leipsic, 1886.

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