The history and topography of Dauphin, Cumberland, Franklin, Bedford, Adams, and Perry counties

Front matter

.Ib^^vr.

* ^0^

V

Index

A. ftuar.

Arm!lror.S John killed 59

Arnold Woodward killed 59 Armstrong John Col. his leiters, Oa, 116, 126, 133, 13o, 131, 344, 303,421

His expedjiion lo Kiitaning, 115

Archer Elizabelh killed 122

Armstronr's creek 810

AmberBon"* run 450

Antietam creek 45C

Adam;; county 519

Abbottstovrn 53.5

Bl>DmCe.J 552

U

Barn* Patrick abducted 6* Burd JatneJi, hi* leiier W Bell James, his enc<->unter 103 Blair James and John killed 11^ B'lyd William killed 101 Bariiel J.->hii klHed 101 Bigiiam Fort destroyed 109 B'jvd Mrs. aoni Biid daughierc abduct eU lis Mrs. B^g's made prisoner 115- BcmhiirApdrew killed 12.3 Blair AViIliam killed 125 Burd'i letter lo Got. Morris 9^i Barton Thoma? Rev. hia ielters 1.33, '2f>' Beaty Mr. murdered 131 Busse Christian his letter 132 Bouquet Henry Col. his letter 145, 151 Brown, a teacher and tcholarj killed M'.i Bow run 22IJ Beaver creek 220 Bucher C. J.Revd. 2:B Bridge at Harrisburg 26't Brainerd Rev. at Chambers' 2W), 33} Bniahy R.ockville -30^ Bcrrysburg 333 Big Cove, first settlers in removed H^i Braddock* letter to Gov. Morris 3«1 Bnace Port 4B3 Bedforo iUH Bedi'ord Sprin^i 5^)-!

BenderiViUe 530 Bonnaghtown 536 Boundary lime, tc 5-37 Baird'aoixiuclion 5^3

Celho'ics in 1737 49

Croghan George his letter 71 Chambers. Benjamin bis letters W, 319

Coxe's widow two »ons abducted 98

Culberls/^.n Alexx'-.der killed 101

Chambers William killed 101

Cu!berts...n John killed 122

Craig John killed 125

Cisaey aad other* abducted J29

Christ Church of PUila relieved pasf

sufferers 14'»

Cample Joseph killed 71

Coiie.st.>e'> Indians killed 183

Carlisle. Stump rejcuci at ITS

Early incidents at 3^5, 412

Clark's creek 2I'>

Conewa^o creek 3BI

Conjuror at Harris' ZSO

Churches at Hjrrisburg 277

Catholic churc^i 2*5

Clapham'i instructions from 8overnor M.irris hii reply to Gov. Moiri* Carson John his letter Coxtown

Cumberland touniy Ci>nod.o«ivinel Cedar Sprin?

Conewago creek Cashtown

D

Devoy Hcnr>' abducted Denny Wiiliara killed Dickey Elizabeth abducted Doctor John, an Indian, murdered Dauphin county, 201 ; first io-wu«hir>»

in, 203. names of early settlers 204;

erecte;, 2<r:' ; geological features.

20!<i censu." of, in iJslO D»rry tcwiiohip organized Duncan's I^l.-ind Dickiniion College Dickey's ni;i

E.

Evans J<ih!i abducted G"

Elder Joim Rev. his letlcr« SO, I'M, 302

Enslow A n'lrew killed 120

Exhumation of remains of. &e 1-50

East Berlin 331

»JO tn

104 131

15!<

21"> 203

French -Mr. A, .Mrs. killed Finlay J<.hn killed Finch'er killed Fishing creek Fisher George Cap:.

IKDEX.

YAOX

ForU and block hoiue* erected eut

of ihe Susquehoona river 299

Fort Hunter 301

Franklin •^l

Fairview 433

Freetown 444

Franklin countv 449

Fallinz Spring' 45fi, 461

Faniictsburg 48-1

Fairriew 513

Fort Liiilelon 513

Fairfield 536

Germans, brief sketch of 37

German settlers in Cumt>erk»nd 49

Gditireaili James his letters 89, 123, 124 Gil>6on widow killed J 13

Granville Fort attacked A; destroyed 114 Gibson William killed 120

Grayrinn alludes to sickness at Haraiindes to western insurrection 275

Governor Morris at Harris's 259

Galbrt-ath 'Wilham his letters 202

German Reformed church at Harris-

liurc German Lmheran church _Ga:l>reath Bartrain, h'\i letter Greoi sburg or Uaujihin Grnizfown

H

2yi

31 «3 332 333 481 626

Jeorge abducted 67

:. his letters, 81, fcO, tS, 250,

., .53, 254, 2.-)/

I . • Wance his letters 105,115

iui en. >%ci'itr. extratt from f6

Ho, ,, ,, Adam liis letters 93, 04, 1 15

HoiKinv James killed 12s

Henderson AMen killed 129

Hanover townshii) erected 2<>0

Hr.rrisburg, at present 205

Haliiax SOS

Hii; Island 330

Hmiiinclsiown 3^f"

Hu;ni^' Marcus 331

Hoge'.s ruu - 373

H(.?ijostow« 430

Hain;'lun 5.'J5

Huiilerstown 53ii

Heidotiberg 536

I. Iir.ini;;rali<>n westward 38

lnrtiai:"s friendship 37

'Irish, or Scotch Irish 51

Indnin:^ killed at Conestoga 102

lcet1..Kl 231

Ini'.rroclion western 273 Indian wipwam.s in Cumlierlandco. &'>-2 Inrnnirranls intlux into North valley 357

Intru'l. rs upon Indian lands removed 379

Ickfiburg 554

J. fkau

Jone* Jacob and Henry killed IM

Jameson'i letter* 315

Jacobs Captain 353

Juniaia, first white settleraon removed 360

King Jacob killed 79

Kerr William and Robert killed 101

Kelly John killed IM

Kerrel Hugh killed 123

Kirkpatrick killed 129

Kingston *32

h.

Le Roy Anne Mary abdiicled

Layson John killed

Leonard Long, his son killed

Landis's mill

Lutheran church at Harrisburg

Lirt^lestown

Letori creek

Liaburu

Licking creek

Loudon

Licking creek

Latimore creek

Littlestown

Liverpool, Laiidisburg h Lo>-8ville

M

Magenty Alexander abducted

Morns' remarks on Braddock's defeat

Milchclltree Mrs. killed

McCoy Daniel killed

McCarty John killed

Martin jamcb killed

Miller Robert his daughter killed

McDonald James and William ; B.

M'caffcrty and A. McQuoJd killed

Martin John killed

McKinley William killed

Miller Aiesnndei killed

Mitchel Joseph and William killed

M'cammon janc alKlucled

Mitchel Margaret her letter

Manson William and son killed

M'crackcn John killed

iMauercr George killed

Mackey James nmidered

M.ihaiiiongo creek

Maiiad)- crei;k

Mimlgoinery Kcvd.

Monacalootim died at Harris'

Mount Airy Waterworks

Methodist church at Harrisburg

McAllie-ter'slown

Middleiown

Millersburg

Miiiior on conedogumette «>>>Ji

Means' run

.Mountain creek

Mechanicsburg

Middlesex

Milltown

Marsh run

Mercersburg

Mayet Lewis, D. D.

Marion

Martiasburg eo

INDEX.

XI

M'connell'i town Mummasburg McSherryMown Millergtown Mil ford

N.

Neulaender

Nicholson Owen abducted

Nicholass Edwards killed

Newspapers published at harrisburg 270, at carlifle, at Shippensburg, at chamberaburg, and Newville

Newburgli

New Cumberland

New Oxford

New Port

New Buffalo

New Germantown

O.

Oneidoii Dennison killed Oak Dale Orrstown Opposam creek

P.

Pennsylvania, whence the name

Penn's policy towards the Indians

Petition from Cumberland co. 63,

Plan of defence

Penn's creek, petition from

Potter John hie letters

Pa3mter Jacob killed

Peace John killed

Perrv Samuel killed

Pendergrass' daughter killed

Patterson's letter to John Penn

" to Shawana Ben Peshtank or Paxton iwp. organized Powel'a creek Paxton creek

Public improvements in D. oo Pumpkiiiflood Presbyterian church at harrisburg

" at Carlisle Portsmouth

Path Valley first settlers removed Peter Richard his report on removing

intruders from Indian landg PacKhorec* Papenown Peunsylrania college Petersburg Perry eounty Petersburg

FAOE

513 Rankin And. B. Esq. hit letter

536 Rocktown

637 Roxberry

553 Roxbury

653 Rainsburg

S.

Sauer? Christopher his letter Smith James killed Smith James abducted Sliin^as, notice of Sheridan and his family killed Scott Francis killed

429 4-28 435 535 653 »

129 333

483 525

TAOE

150 331 430 483 513

Q

Quarrels between Irish and German 55

Quincy 4?2

R.

Redemption servants 46

Reformed German number of 48

Reynolds jolin killed 101

Robinson James killed 104

Ramsey Betty and son killed 1 10

Robinson nuph abducted 1 10

Reed Adam his letters 124, 127

Rush Robert killed 130

Settlers fled in Dauphin co. 125il2<J^

Springson killed ^^29

Steenson Robert killed 129

Stanwix colonel his leltere 133

Sttmble Isaac killed 153

Smith Adam hi-s letter 155 Stump killed ten Indians, 173, 178, 179

ShaNvana Ben's letter 177

Seneca George's son shot 192

Susquehanna river 218

Sioney creek 219

Spring and Swalara creeks 230

Slate liou?e 268

Snydersiown and Silvers' spring 333, 373

Siiippeusburg 434 Stoughstown. Springfield, Smoketown 428

Saepperdsiown, Shiremanstown 433

Sporting hill. Snow hill 444, 493

St. Thomas 483

Shellsburg, Stonerstown 513

Tcrnmce Adam, his declaration ©4

Tull and family killed 153

Truidlc Spring 430

Theol. Sem. of Ger. Reformed churcb 467

U.

Unior W. M. church, at HarrLsbarg 296

Union Bethel 297

Upton church, and Upper Strasburg 484

W.

Wright Tliomas killed 5S

Weiser Conrad at Shamokin 61

Whitcliill Robert <38

Wilson Mrs. killed 113

Woods John and wife killed 122

William Walker killed 128

Wiley John, and Wilson's son killed 129

Watson james killed 130

Willinms Isaac his wife killed 13l

Woodcock valley, persons killed 156

AVisronisco creek 219

Wallace Joseph his letter V^<9

Western insurrection 273 Washington at Harrisburg, 273^ at

Carli.sle, 416; at Bedford.

Wijcoiiiwo 333

AVhites intrude upon Indian lands 3b7

Worlcysiown 421

Wormleysburg, WhitehiU 43S Waynesboro, Woodberry 482, 513

Waynesburg, Werefordsburg 5ia

Warm Springs 541

Xll index;

paob

Yellow run 22o ^ '"'^ *"'P''«^ Spring. S34

Yoonp j«mig hi» leiiem 3il, 394 46t y

Vr.l.wUr«c(.t».cre«k 373 Z.nach#oi., or Shamotln 'j,.i

Chapter I

Pennsylvania named in honor of Sir William Penn — "William Penn receives a charier from King Charles II. — Boundary of the Province — Penn's policy towards the aborigines — Similar policy had been porsned, in some measure, by others — Markham, in obedience to Penn's instructions, purchases lands from the Indians — Repeated purchases made — Deeds to John Penn, Thomas Penn and Hi^hard Penn — Deeds of 1749 and 1754 — William Penn's stay in, and departure from, the Province — His return to the Province : return to England : his death — Influx of immigrants — iSettlemenls eitend westward — Swiss settlement— Huguenots settlement — Scotch, Irish, and Irish settlements in Lancaster county, &c. — Settlements extend up along the Susquehanna river — Settlements commenced on the west side of the Susquehanna, in York county — Settlements west of the Susquehanna in North, or Kiliochtinny Valley— Earliest settlements first among the Indians — Indians' friendship towards the first settlers-

If it were in accordance with the general design of this compilation, much might be said of the spirit of the age in which the founder of the Province of Pennsylvania lived. The main object in view, is to notice some of the leading incidenis, ♦n'ents, and liistoiical facts, in connection with the present state or condition of several counties of Pennsylvania.

Pennsylvania, or the Province of Pennsylvania, was named by King Charles II., in honor of the son of Giles Penn, Sir yVilliani Penn, an Admiral ot the English Navy, who commanded the British fleet in Oliver Cromwell's time ; and in - the beginning of the reign of Charles II.

In a letter to Robert Turner, William Penn says, that the King would have il called " by the name of Penniihunia," in honor of his (William Penn's) father. The following is a copy of the letter ;

" To Robert Turner, 5th of 1st Mo. IGSJ.

Dkar Fhiemi,

My true love in the Lord salutes thee, and dear friends that love the

26 lirTR01>UCTI0N.

l-orv\'>i precious trulh in ihose pans. Thine I have, and for my business ht*rr, know that aftrr many waitings, watchings, solicilings and disputes in council, this day n\y cou»"ry was roiiftrincd to me under the greai seal ol F.ngland, with large powers and privileges, by the name of PtnurtlvantiU a luinie the king would give it in honor of my father. I chose AVu' n'ii/«.i, being as this, a preity hilly country, but i'enn being Welsh lor a hdul, as }\'»»tininiti{tv in Wales, and Vcn'iiit in (.'uinberland, and I'om in Huckinghuiushire, the hight-si land in England, called this Penn- »i/r.ini.i, which is the high or head woodlands ; for 1 proposed when the Secretary- a Welshman — refuse-.! to have it called Sew Wales, Sylva- ♦tiii, and they added /Vnn to it ; niul though I much opposed it, and went to the king to hare it struck out and alterea, he said 'twas past, and would take it upon him; nor ciuild twenty guineas move the under sccreiarys to vary the name, for I feared least it should be lookt on as a vanity in me, and not as a respect in the king, as it truly was to my father, whom he often mentions with praiso. Thou mayst communicate my graunt to trieuds, and expect shortly my proposals: 'tis a clear and just thing, and my Hod that has given it nie through many difticultys will, I believe, bless and make it the seed of a nation. 1 shall have a tender care to the governmeu:. that it will bo well laid at lirsi: uo more now, but dear love in truth.

Thy true friend,

Sir Wllliaiu Ponn, the Ailiiiiral, for services rendered, and in consideration ol sundry debts, due him fron; the crown, had a promise made him, from King Charles II., of a large tract of land in America; but he ilied betbre he obtained it.

William Penn, son ot Sir William, while at Oxford, pursuing his studies, he.iring the distinguished I'homas Lot\ a Quaker, preach, imbibed reliiiious sentiments of the Frioids : and seemed, for some time to care little about the promi-^ed grant which the King hail made his father; he, thereforr, did not urgently press his claims upon the crown; till at last hnding that those, whose sentiments he had imbibed, and whose cause, in common with the cause of all the oj^pressed, he espoused, were harassed evert/ trhcre in England by spiritual courts, resolved to put liimself at the heail o( as many as would go with him, and reiiiove to this country; of which he had obtained a errant Irora Charles II.

There were several acts passed about the middle of the seventeenth century that were oppressive to ♦io>i-a>»i/o'wi,<r*. The Oxford act of 165,^ banished non-conforming ministers five miles from any corporate town sending members to Parliament, and prohibited them from keeping or teaching schools. The I'cs: net of the same year wss still more severe. The dreadtu! conse^^uences of this intolerant spirit was. that not leis than trom six to eigh; thousand died m prison in the reign of Charles II. I: is sa.d that .Mr. Jeremiah White had carefully collected a list or those who had suffered between Charles IL and the rero lotioD, which amoanted to sixly thousand — De Laune'* Plea, Ijc.

The Province, or the lower part of it, bad been called " Keic Netherlands, ''^ and was be^un to be planted by some Dutchmen and others. It is calletf Pennsylvania in the original Patent, bearing date March 4th, IGSl. It contained all that tract of land m America, with all the Islands belonging to it, from the beginning of the 40th to the 4^jd degree of north latitude, whose eastern bounds, from^twelve miles above New Castle, otherwise Delaware town, run all along upon the side of the Delaware river — these bounds and extent were set down in the original grant ; but Mr. Penn having afterwards obtained part of JVova Bdgia from the Dake of York, it was added to the country given in the first grant, so that it extends now to the 3Sth degree and r>^j minutes north latitude."*

Soon after Penn had obtained a charter, he made sales to adventurers, called first settlers, who embarked the same year, and arrived in America, at Upland, now Chester, December 11, IGSl. Penn, with many of his oppressed friends, sailed next year, landed at New Castle, October 27, 16S2.

Penn, who was wholly devoted to the best interests of his colony, did all that lay in his power to secure the continued friendship of the aborigines, or Indians, to whom, of right, belonged the soil — " the woods and the streams" — though, according to the custom of conquest, and in conforrfiity to the practices of the whites of Europe, a contrary principle had generally, if not universally obtained; and, in conformity to that principle, and by virtue of his charter, Penn might legally have claimed an indisputable, or an undoubted nght to the soil granted him by Charles II.; but he " was influenced by a purer morality, and sounder policy, than that prevailing principle which actuated the more sordid. His religious principles did not permit him to wrest the soil of Pennsylvania by force from the people to whom God and nature gave it, no'r to establish his title in blood ; but under the shade of the lofty trees of the forest, his right was fixed by treaties with the natives, and sanctified, as it were, by smoking from the calumet of peace."!

• See Emanuel Bowman's Geographj-, vol. 2, p. 655; printed ai London, 1747 — Bowman was Geographer to his Majesty, King of England.

■f Smith's Laws of Pa„ iL, 11)5.

Introduction

Tlio tM»liglitt>iu\i founder of Pennsylvnnia, wns povrrncd, in his intrrcoiirs«' witli the IndiiiMs, " (>y iinniiifable principles of jtistii'o, wliiih vwvy wIumc, and for all purposes, must be rei;arileil as fuiulaiuciilal, il'lunnaii exertions arc to be crowned widi noliK" aiiii perniainMit results." In th«' constitution of this I'olouv it was providiil, that " no man sliall, by any ways (ir means, in word or deetl, atlVont or wrong nn Indian, but he shall incur the sanw pnia/fi/ ol the Jaw as if he had commit teil it against liis fellow planter, and if any Indian shall abuse, in word or tleed, any jilanter of the province, he shall not be his own juiii:e upon the 7/j(//(7;i, but he shall make his ciMuplaint to tlu> governor, or :.ome interior magistrate near him, who shall, to the utmost of his power, talke care with thinking of the said Indian, that all reasonable satisfaction be made to the injured plantei. All ditl'erenees between the j>la!iters and the natives sJiall be ended by twelve men; that is, six planters and six natives-: that so we may live friendly together as much as in us lieth, preventijig all occasions of heart-burnings and mischieis — the Indians sliall have libtMty to do all things relative to improvement of their ground, and providino- sustenance f,»r their families, that any of theii plantei-s shall enjoy."*

A principle had obtained in Europe, that a newly discorereu country belonvred to the nation, whose people tirst discovered it. Eugene IV. and .Mexander VI.. sucoessively granted to IVrtusral and Spain all the countries possessed by infidels, which should be occupied by the iudusiry of their subjects, and subdued by the force of their arms. The colonies, establislu-d in North .\merica. were I'ounded upon more equitable principles. In almost every instance, possession of the couutry was i.\ken with the least possible injury to the aborigines. The land was purchased from the natives. .Belknap says, "it was a common ihiui: in New Eni:land to make fair and resjular purchases;" many of their deeds are siill preserved in the public records. Numcrv^us instances, showing that purchases were made, might be <juo;ed; a few must suffice.

Calvert, a Catholic, when he planted his colony, in the province of Maryland, commenced in 16;U, with an act of justice — he purchased of the savas:e proprietors, a risht to the soil, belorc he took possession, for a compensation with wh.cn the Indians w ere satisfied.

R.^giT 'Williams, a Baptist, on his expulsion from Massachusetts, in 1606, went to Srconk, where he procured a grant of land lYora OMm;:.,-MiH, the chief Sachem of Fokauot. He honestly purchased their land, and a sutbciency of it, for his liiile colony ; he was uniformly

• Proud's His. Pa^ ii. Appen. S, 1.

amunrucnos. 29

__ i'« ftiead, and neglected do opportnnJij of hoKUontiac

tlior eonditi^m, and eleratlmg their character. — HUma' j f n mali, L 233.

The Swedes, landiiig at "itilcpec, 1€37 or 1638, on the wetiem shore of Delaware baj, proceeded op the rirer, opened commtmicatioas W2th the In<3ians, and jmr/Jifued from them the soil apon ih« west shore, from the capes of the fails at Saokikans, opposite to the present city of Trentoii. Pfaiiip Carteret, appointed Govemor (1665; of Xew Jersey, parchased from the Indians, their titles to all the laodv which were occupied. — Frott't U. S. 130.

William Penti made repeated parehases from the ladians. His £on% followed the same praiseworthy example.

Prior to Penn's arrival, he had instructed William Markham, the deputy Governor, who arrived in Pennsylvania in 16S1, to hold treaties with the Indians, to procure their lands peaceably. Markham, a short time previous to Penn's arrival, held such a tieary, July 15, 16S2, for some lands on the Delaware river. Perm held similar treaties: and before his return to England, in 1684, adopted measures " to purchase the lands on the Susquehanna from the Five Nations, who pretended a right lo them, hanng conquered the people fo:- merh' settled there." The Five yalions resided principally in New York ; and Penn's time being too much engrossed to visit them personally, he engaged Thomas Dongan, Gov. of New York, to purchase from the IndiariS, " all that tract of land lying on both sides of the river Susquehanna, and the lakes adjacent in or near the province of Penrxsylvania." Dongan effected a purchase, and conveyed the same to William Penn, January 13, 16-^, "in consideration of one hurjdred pounds sterlinc."*

It was Penn's object to secure the river through the whole extent of the province: and subsequent transactions with the Indians show how careful he was to have this purchase well confirmed.

'•'September 13th, 1700: Wid/jgh and Jind^jgsj/-junJiqiji/igh, Kings or Sachems of the Susquehanna Indians, and f'f the river under that name, and larids lying on both sidethereof. Deed to W- Penn for all the said rTver Susquehannagh, and all the islands therein, and all the lands .situate; lying and being upon both sides of the said river, and next adjoining the same, to the utmost confines of the lands which are, or formerly were, the right of the people or nation called the^Susquehannagh Indiaris, or h^ u-h/it n/jirne soever they were

* Smith's Laws, Pa-, ii-. 111. 3 ao

>N ruoDiuriDN.

<WA'W, m (\iIIy and amply as wc or any of our ancestors, have, c«»uM, miuht or «Mi^l»t to Imvc luul, IhM or t-njoyi'tl, ami also Vonfinn i\\v ltai|;aiu aiul sale ol' (lirsaid laiuls, matlt- unto Col. Thomas lV>n^an, now I'lail i»l liimciiik, and loiin«'rly (JovorotM' ot Nrw lork, irho\t' (/«•«(/ of' suh- tt) said (Jovt-rnor IVnn Nvr lia\r sr«'n. '*

'V\n' sair ti» Willi. in> I'rnu lrou\ tlu" Vwv Nations was thu.'* wrll oontimu'il; tlu> t'ont'sto^a Indians, liowfvt'r, would iu>t rt>co^niz»> tlu> \alidity i>t" this salt-, ^»^•li^'vin^• that the V'wv Nations had no propfi' aulluMitv to transtrr tlu'ir posst>ssions, to srom'f tho lands i't>n\»'y»"d to liim hv Pon^an. I\"nn tiittnod iiitt* artii'l«>s ol' ai;iT«'m«'nt, shortly afUM' his st-cond visit to IVnnsN l\ania, with thr vSusqurhanna, l\itt>niai' and ("onestt>j;a indians, Tho a^rt'i-mfut is dati-il April *Jo, l7(Vl. In thus «^'n>ou\ont tho Indians ratilitd ami i-ontiinuil (lovtMHor Oonpui's ilird ot" Januaiy, H»iH», and tlu> dtutl hy Widagh and ^1>uh}ii\^ij^Junk\nuiiih, o( Sv\An\\hvv U\ ITl'D.i

Ni»tw ithstandiui; idl tlu'sc saU\s and tianstiMs, tla> lands on tho wt'sl sido ot tht* Susipudianna wtMt' still tdainuul hy tht> huliaus; tor tho words in tht> dtv»l i>t Stpt. lo, ITlH), "/»u7 {uijoinina' the sann\'' woro I'onsidiMoil imnnisistont with an oxtonsivo wostom puivhaso; and tho Imlians ot" the Five Nations still continued to elaim a ri>;lit to the river and the ftdjoininij lands. The saehems ov eniets, with all the others ot the Kive Nations, niet in the sun\n\er ot' 17ot>, at a li'rent eomu'il held in the eountrv ot" tlie (h»oiulai;oes, in the JState ot" New York; and as the oUI elaims luul not as yet been adjustOil, they resolve*!, that an enil shouKI be put to all disputt\s eonneett\l \vitl\ it. They neeonlingly appointeil their s.»ehems or ehiets with plenary powers to itpair to Thiladelphia, and theiv among other thiniis, svttle and ailjust all dt^ nmnds and elaims, conneetetl with the Susquehanna and the rtdjoinitii;' Luuls. On their arrival at Philailelphia, they ivnewt\l old treaties ot' trieudship, and on the llth ot October, 17lU», made a iltwl to John IVnn, Thomas Venn, and Uiehai\l Penn, their heii"s, sueeessoi"s ami asjUiins. The detxl was sii;ntHl by Iwenty-thitH' hulian chiet's of the O/jom/aijti, SiPnoM,, Oneiiia and 'l^tst'arom nations, granted the Peim's "all th»; Siud river Susi]uehanna, with the lands lying on In^th sides theirot, to extend eastwaiil as tar as the heads of the branches or springs which run into the siiid Sus- • B-.»ok K T- Y o -ji-j I Simlh's Law*. Pa., li.. ll"S.

iKxaoDucnosr. 31

qufehianna, and all the lands lying on the west side of the said river to the setting of the sun, and to extend from the u.outh of the said river, northward, up the sarne to the hills or mountains, called in the lantfuageof said nations, T'iy(miA:^rdo,H(ickUi, and by the Delaware tii<\'\nns the Ktk/Kkto.nmn hilLs."* Thu-S were the claims of the IndmrA upon the lands of this part of Pennsylvania relinquished to the proprieUirn; neverthel^rss surveys had Uren authori;jed to Ije made, anrJ had actually been made west of the Sus^^uehanna prior to 1736, by both the Governor of Maryland and the Governor of Pennsylvania. The last recited deed comprised nearly (besirJes much more territory) all that lay within the limits of the counties, of which a history is here given, exc^.-pt that portion north of the Kittatinny, or Jilue Mountain, constituting the northern part of Jjauphin, and the whole of Perry & Bedford. That portion in Dauphin, north of the Kittatinny mountain wa.s purchased, inclurling a larger tract of country, iri 1749; the deeds were executed on the 22d day of August, and roay be found at large in Smith's Laws of Pennsylvania, That portion within Perr>', and some contiguous counties west of the .Susquehanna, and north of Perry, was purchasefl in 17'>4 — tlxe dc-ed was executed at Albany, July 6th.

The deed of August 22d, 1749, is as follows: We, Can/uaiago, SataganaclUi/, Kart/dihyiaoayrm and C</nn(:kv:n/hc/r(m, sachems or chiefs of the Indian nation, called fyri/rrdagkris, CayofrtodkcM, Kano.t»any-Ag(iih T'us, Carv/ihiarujckfupj/i, sachems or chief's of the Indian nation, called the Hird'JiArfs. Peter Ordoxhfsax and ChrutUxn iJiaryhjgf/n, sachems or chiefs of the Indian nation, called the Mo^ujC^h : Saridag-rtoah, WatshdufuM and JinvxhrMXfiv/j.^ sachems or chiefs of the Indian nation, called the Oneydern. Tawu- To.vns, Ko.cknfjar(j/ifidtA, and TahicJi/^y/rrd'is, sachems or chiefs of the Indian nation, called CfjA/iukern. Tyif/rox, Balichv;anrrruj.di^!sky, sachems or chiefs of the Indian nation, called the Tv.nr//rr/rov), Jachnechif/rus, Sagogukhiathr/n, and Cachwwra-knUidirliA, ^cJiittiiA or chiefs of the Indian nation, called the S ft//rru)kc/n Indians. Kviirrcivf and Qu/dpaiifuich, sachems

* Kittatinny, or B'ae Moantain.

T That portion of coantry between the Blue Mountain and Peters' Mountain, wa* known, at an early period, by the name of Sain/ Av)Atr>- ny\ IViU/ermts . it is so designated on a map in the hf/^k'^f Davit, p. 12S, in the Becretary's office at HarrLsburg— CwT/t/^.

or chiefs of the Indian nation, called the Delawares ; and Bachsinosa, sachem or chief of the Indian nation, called the Shawanese, in consideration of £500, grant, sell, &c., all that tract or parcel of land lying and being within the following limits and bounds, and thus described —

Beginning at the hills or mountains called in the language of the Five Nation Indians Tyammtasachta, or Endless Hills, and by the Delaware Indians Ke/tactany Hills, on the east side of the river Susquehanna, being in the northwest line or boundary of the tract of land formerly purchased by the said proprietaries from the said Indian nations, by their deed of the 11th of October, 1736; and from thence running up the said river by the several courses theieof to the first of the nearest mountains to the north side or mouth of the creek called in the language of the said Five Nation Indians Canfagug, and in the language of the Delaware Indians Maghonioy, and from thence extending by a direct or straight line to be run from the said mountain on the north side of said creek to the main branch of Delaware river at the north side of the creek called Lechawachsein, and from thence across Lechawachsein creek aforesaid down the river Delaw'are by the several courses thereof to the Kekachtmiy Hills aforesaici, and from thence by the range of said hills to the place of beginning, as more fully appears by a map annexed ; and also all the parts of the rivers Susquehanna and Delaware from shore to shore which are opposite said lands, and all the Islands in said rivers, &c. — Book H, vol. 2, p. 204; recordeil May 6, 1752.

The deed executed at Albany, July 6, 1754, is as follows: Henry Peters, Abraham Peters, Blandt, Johannes Satfyhowano, Johannes Kanadakayon, Abraham Sastfigrhedohy, sachems or chiefs of the Mohawk nation. Aneegbnaxqua Taraghorus, Tohaghdaghquyserry, alias Kachneghdackon, sachems or chiefs of the Oneydo nation. Otsinughyada, alias Blunt, in behalf of himself and all the sachems and chiefs of the Onondago nation. Scanuraty, Tannaghdorus, Tokaaiyon, Kaghradodon, sachems or chiefs of the Cayuga nation. Kahichdodon, alias Groote Younge, Takeghsatu", Tiyonenkokaraw, sachems or chiefs of the Seneca nation. Suntrughwackon, Sagochsidodagon, Tohashuwangarus Orontakayon, alias John Nixon, Tistoaghton, sachems or chiefs of the Tuscarora nation in consideration of £400 law^ful money of N. Y., grant.

&c.,to Thoraas& Richard Penn/'all the lands lying within the said province of Pennsylvania, bounded and limited as follows, namely, beginning at the Kittochtinny or Blue hills, on the west branch ot the Susquehanna river, and thence by the said, a mile above the mouth of a certain creek called Kayarondinhagh ; thence northwest and by west as far as the province of Pennsylvania extends to its western lines or boundaries ; thence along the said western line to the south line or boundary to the south side ot the said Kittochtinny hills; thence by the south side of said hills, to the place of beginning — Recorded in Book H, vol. 5, p. 392, Feb. dd, 1755.

The whites had, in several instances, encroached upon the rights of the Indians by settling on their lands before those were purchased, which occasioned much complaint on the part of the Indians. The intruders were, however, removed by force and arms, as will appear from the sequel. See Cumberland county, chap. xxv.

The course pursued by William Penn, by his deputy governors, and by his sons John, Thomas and Richard, did not fail to secure to the colonists the friendship of the Indians for half a century or more. It was a course that justice dictated ; and had been pursued by Calvert, a Catholic, as stated before when he planted his colony in the province of Maryland in 1634 — by Roger Williams, a Baptist, on his expulsion from Massachusetts, when he went to Seconk, where he purchased lands from Osamaquin, the sachem of Pokanot, in 1636 — by Philip Carteret and others, prior to Penn's arrival in this country.*

So much WHS Penn concerned to have every cause settled that might give rise to disputes touching his ow^n rights, and of his colonists, that after transacting some business in General Assembly, he hastened to Maryland, to see Lord Baltimore, who had set up claims, arising from indistinctness of grant, touching the boundary line between the province of Maryland and Pennsylvania. A failure, however, of adjusting the difficulties at this time, caused the border settlers much disquietude for a period of nearly eighty years. The final adjustment of the boundary, will be noticed in the sequel. See Adams county.