The resurrection of life : an exposition of First Corinthians XV; with a discourse on our Lord's resurrection

Front matter

St assets a : : sone = :

5 es manasa : “ some ss : ewes may : 3 s x 5 arwinieings

seretrce ae e/a sresrton RM!

Part I. InrRopuctory.—1 Cor. xy. 1-11,—‘‘ Moreover, brethren

I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand ; by which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain: for I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures ; and that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the Scriptures ; and that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve: after that he was seen of above five hundred brethren at once ; of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep. After that he was seen of James ; then of all the apostles. And last of all he was seen of me also, as of one born out of due _ time. For I am the least of the apostles, that am not meet to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. But by the grace of God I am what 1 am: and his grace which was bestowed upon me was not in vain ; but I laboured more abundantly than they all: yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me. Therefore, whether it were I or they, so we preach, and so ye believed,” ;

Sec. 1. The gospel,

Src. 2. The right way of preaching the gospel,

(1.) The truth and its evidence must be stated, ;

(2.) In this statement there must be a constant reference to the Holy Scriptures, ‘ :

(3.) This Be ent must be orderly, —

(4.) This statement must be simple and perspicuous,

(5.) This statement must be frequently repeated,

Src. 3. The duty of those to whom the at is ate cee ins

(1.) To receive it, (2.) To retain it,

Xil CONTENTS.

Page Src. 4, The result of the performance of this ee of receiving and retaining the gospel, . 4 : 87 (1.) Salvation, a : ‘ 88 1. A favourable change of state, i ‘ : 94 2. A favourable change of character, . : ; 96 3. A favourable change of condition, : 97 (2.) The influence of the gospel on the attainment of salvation, 100 1. How the gospel saves from guilt, . : : 100 2. How the gospel saves from depravity, ; ; 102 3. How the gospel saves from misery, : . 104

4 Part IJ. Tor DENIAL OF THE RESURRECTION INCONSISTENT WITH THE BELIEF OF THE GosPEL.—l Cor. xv. 12-19,—‘‘ Now, if Christ be preached that he rose from the dead, how say some

- among you that there is no resurrection of the dead? But if there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ not risen : and if Christ be not risen, than is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain. Yea, and we are found false witnesses of God : because we have testified of God that he raised up Christ; whom he raised not up, if so be that the dead rise not. For if the dead rise not, then is not Christ raised: and if Christ be not raised, your faith is vain ; ye are yet in your sins. Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished. If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable,” . ; i ‘ ; “ ‘ 107 Sec. 1. Deduction from the thesis, ‘There is no resurrection ’—

‘Christ is not risen,’ ; ‘ ; : 115

Sec. 2. Deductions from the thesis, ‘Christ is not risen,’ F 117

(1.) The apostles’ preaching was vain, : 5 ; 120

(2.) The faith of Christians is vain, . P ; : 123

1. They are yet in their sins, 124

2. They who are fallen asleep in Christ are perished, 125

3. Christians are of all:men most miserable, . : 127.

Part III. Tae ResvRRECTION oF CHRIST SECURES THE RESURREC- TION OF LIFE TO ALL HIS PEOPLE.—1 Cor. xv. 20-28,—‘‘ But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the first-fruits of them that slept. For since by man came death, by man came also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive. But every man in his own order: Christ the first-fruits; afterward they that are Christ’s at his coming. Then cometh the end, when he shall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he shall have put down all rule, and all authority and power. For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet. The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death. For he hath put all things under his feet. But when he saith, All things are put under him, it is manifest that he is excepted which did

CONTENTS. XU

‘ ‘ t Page put all things under him. And when all things shall be subdued unto him, then shall the Son also himself be subject unto Him that put all things under him, that God may be all in all” , ’ ; A : : :

has Src. 1. Introductory expository remarks, : : : 134

Src. 2. That which led to Christ’s resurrection—his vicarious death—secures the resurrection of life to his people, 140

Src. 3. That to which Christ’s resurrection led—his universal

dominion—secures the resurrection of life to his people, 157 (1.) The risen Saviour is invested with unlimited power an

authority, . : : 4g ae hte nad Cate) (2.) The design of this investiture is, that he may bring back the

kingdom to the Father, : : : : (3.) In restoring the kingdom to the Father, Christ must put ’ down all opposing rule, and authority, and. power, 173

(4.) Of our Lord’s putting down all rule, and authority, and

power, the destruction of death will be the crowning aC. Z é : : : ; (5.) All this is to be effected by divine power, administered by the Son, to the glory of the Father, ; : 180 ae IV. Tue DENIAL OF THE RESURRECTION MAKES IT ABSURD TO ’ -«-EMBRACE OR PROPAGATE CHRISTIANITY, AND LEADS TO LICENTIOUS CONCLUSIONS.—1 Cor. xv. 29-34,—‘‘ Else what shall they do

- which are baptized for the dead, if the dead rise not at all? why are they then baptized for the dead? And why stand we

in jeopardy every hour? I protest by your rejoicing which I have in Christ Jesus our Lord, I die daily. If after the manner

of men I have fought with beasts at Ephesus, what advantageth

it me if the dead rise not? let us eat and drink ; for to-morrow

we die. Be not deceived: evil communications corrupt good manners. Awake to righteousness, and sin not; for some have not the knowledge of God: I speak this to your shame,” . 183 { Szc. 1. Introductory expository remarks, : : Gk 183 1 Suc. 2. If there be no resurrection, it is absurd to embrace Chris- __ hie tianity, : A ; : j sie 186 Sxc. 3. If there be no resurrection, it is absurd to propagate Christianity, . ‘ , : : : 200 Src. 4. If there be no resurrection, man’s wisest course is to devote himself to a life of pleasure, . , A 206

Part V. OBJECTIONS ANSWERED.—1 Cor. xv.. 35-41,—‘‘ But some man will say, How are the dead raised up? and with what bodies do they come? Thou fool, that which thou sowest is not

X1V CONTENTS.

Page quickened, except it die. And that which thou sowest, thou sowest not that body that shall be, but bare grain, it may chance - of wheat, or of some other grain: but God giveth it a body as it hath pleased him, and to every seed his own body. All flesh is not the same flesh: but there is one kind of flesh of men, another flesh of beasts, another of fishes, and another of birds. There-are also celestial bodies, and bodies terrestrial ; but the glory of the celestial is one, and the glory of the terrestrial is another. There is one glory of the sun, and another glory of the moon, and another glory of the stars ; for one star differeth from another star in glory,(4) 7 : : ; : 212

Src. 1. The first objection—that from the SAPD of the resurrection—answered, 5 213

Src. 2. The second objection—that in reference to the mode of the resurrection—answered, ; ; . ke ie 219

4 Part VI. THE DocTRINE OF THE RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD FURTHER UNFOLDED.—1 Cor. xv. 42-54.—‘‘So also is the resurrection of the dead ; it is sown in corruption, it is raised in incorruption : it is sown in dishonour, it is raised in glory: it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power: itis sown a natural body, it is raised aspiritual body. Thereis anatural body, and there is a spiritual body. And so itis written, The first man Adam was made a living soul, the last Adam was made a quickening spirit. Howbeit that was not first which is spiritual, but that which is natural ; and afterward that which is spiritual. The first man is of the earth, earthy ; the second man is the Lord from heaven. As is the earthy, such are they also that are earthy ; and as is the heavenly, such are they also that are heavenly. And as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly. Nowthis I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God ; neither doth corruption — inherit incorruption. Behold, I show you a mystery ; We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump (for the trumpet shall sound) ; and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed. For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality. So when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption, and this mortal shall have put | : on immortality, then shall be brought to pass the saying that is written, Death is swallowed up in victory,” . 227 Src. 1. The difference between the Econ body and the resurrec-

tion body, . 3 227

(1.) The one is Soreaelhte! the other is incorruptible, : 228

(2.) The one is degraded, the other glorious, : 229

(3.) The one is weak, the other is powerful, . f : 231

(4.) The one is natural, the other is spiritual, é ; 232

CONTENTS. XV

Page Sec. 2. The ground of the difference between the eae poey and the resurrection body, . 245 Part VII. Conéiusion .—1 Cor. xv. 55-58,—‘‘ O death,. where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory? The sting of death is sin ; and the strength of sin is the law. But thanks be to God, which giveth us the victory, through our Lord Jesus Christ. Therefore, my beloved brethren, be ye stedfast, unmoveable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, forasmuch as ye know that your labour is not in vain in the Lord,” ; : 264 Sec. 1. The thanksgiving, : : ; : é 265 Sec. 2. The exhortation: ; : : ; : 276 (1.) The duties enjoined, ; : : : ; 217 1. Immoveable stedfastness, . : i : 277 2. Excelling in the work of the Lord, . : : 280 (2.) The motives urged, ; : ; : 283 ON THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST. 2 Tim. wu. 8,—‘‘ Remember that Jesus Christ, of the seed of David, was raised from the dead, according to my gospel.” PRELIMINARY REMARKS, . : ; : 4 : 291 Part I. THE APosToLic TESTIMONY RESPECTING THE RESURRECTION oF CHRIST, ; , F ‘ : 2 : 295 Part Il. Tue EVIDENCE OF THE APOSTOLIC TESTIMONY, . 308 Src. 1. It accounts for undoubted facts, otherwise unaccountable, 308 (1.) The sepulchre being found empty, é d 309 (2.) The change which took place in the apostles, : 312 (3.) The testimony being ey and to a great extent credited, : ; : : 314 Src. 2. It stands all the ordinary tests of credibility, . . 315 Suc. 3. It was confirmed by miracles, . : ; : 321 Part III]. [mporTANCE OF THE APOSTOLIC TESTIMONY, . : Sou Src. 1. Its doctrinal importance, : 322 (1.) A general attestation of the truth of Christianity, B 323 (2.) A special attestation of particular doctrines, “ ; 325 Sec. 2. Its practical importance, : ‘ 327 (1.) It relieves the conscience burdened with guilt, : : 328 (2.) It comforts amid the afflictions of life, . : 329

(3.) It is a motive to diligence and perseverance in duty, : 329 xvl CONTENTS.

Appendix

Page No. I. Opinions of the Heathen and of the Jews respecting the

Resurrection of the Peay C. H. B., Kitto’s Journal, vol. iii, New Series, .

II. Meaning of the word dvécruois, as employed in the. New Testament, ri yk.

of ITI. On the Evidence of the Rees of Christ : —

OGDEN, Honrs.ey,

IV. The Conversion of Tarathies a J: we nee a Sadducee, then a Pharisee—to Christianity poe the Resurrection of Christ. SANDEMAN,

V. A Parable. HALLETT, VI. A Second Parable. HALLETT,

VII. The Observance. of the Lord’s nal a Proof of the Resurrection of Christ,

Index

I. Of Principal Matters, y II. Of Greek Words or Phrases ronred on, III. Of Authors quoted or referred to, IV. Of Texts of Scripture remarked on,

369 372 373 376

THE RESURRECTION OF LIFE.

I CORRS XY:.

PREFATORY ANALYSIS.

Fay LE dissertation on the Resurrection of Life, con-

| tained in this chapter, which is the expansion of

the statement previously made by the apostle,

“ God hath both raised up the Lord, and will

ee raise up us by the resurrection,”’ resolves itself into seven parts.

The first of these parts, reaching from the first verse _ to the eleventh, is introductory. It contains a statement of the resurrection of Christ, who had died “the just for the unjust,” and: of its varied and abundant evidence; and of the facts that the apostle had preached these good news to the Corinthians, and that they had received them, _and continued to hold them; together with an intimation that their highest interests were bound up with their per- “severing Rath in Christ, as “ delivered for their offences, and raised again for ee justification.”

The second part, which commences with the 12th verse and terminates with the 19th, opens with an expression of astonishment that, in these circumstances, “some of the Corinthians should say that there is no resurrection of the dead!”—a dogma which involved in it a denial of 11 Cor. vi. 14.

A ‘

Christ’s resurrection, one of the primary doctrines of the gospel which the apostle had preached and they had received; and it is chiefly occupied with unfolding the consequences which necessarily flow from that denial of Christ’s resurrection, which was virtually implied in the assertion that there is no resurrection. Its substance may be thus given: ‘ How, professing to hold the doctrine so clearly stated, so fully proved to you, and so cordially received by you, that Christ, having “died for your sins according to the Scriptures, was buried, and rose again the third day, according to the Scriptures,’—how, professing to hold this doctrine, can any of you say that there is no resurrection of the dead? Do you not perceive, that if there be no resurrection, it is impossible that Christ should have risen ? and do you not equally perceive that, “if Christ be not risen, our preaching is vain, and your faith is vain?” We have told, and you have believed, a lie. We are impostors, and you are fools. “ Ye are yet in yoursins.” Guilt remains unexpiated; pardon is unprocured; sanctification and salvation are impossible. There is no propitiatory sacrifice, no transforming Spirit, for you. Your brethren who have died in the faith of the gospel and the hope of immortality, on the principle that Christ is not risen and there is no resurrection, have, in the sense of ceasing to exist, or, in a still more fearful meaning of the word, perished; and we who have embraced Christianity, following them, as in this case we must, into the abyss of annihilation or perdition, after a life of self-denial, sacrifice, and suffering, are the most foolish and pitiable of men.’

In the third part, which begins with the 20th verse and ends with the 28th, the apostle, assuming the truth of Christ’s resurrection, the evidence for which he had stated in the introduction,—evidence most abundant and satisfactory in itself, and corroborated by those absurd revolting conclusions to which the denial of Christ’s resurrection necessarily leads,—proceeds to show the security which Christ’s resurrection affords for the resurrection of his people; making it evident-that as, if there be no resurrection of the dead, then Christ cannot have risen,—so, if Christ has risen, then there must be a resurrection of the dead. _ The security afforded by Christ’s resurrection for the resurrection of his people is twofold,—that which results from what led to his resurrection, and that which results from what his resurrection led to,—that which flows from his death in the room of his people, and that which flows from his reign for the benefit of his people. The first of these is illustrated from the beginning of the 20th verse to the first clause of the 24th verse. The second is illustrated from the second clause of the 24th verse to the end of the 28th verse. The substance of the first illustration is: ‘ Christ’s resurrection, as the result of the penal, vicarious, expiatory death undergone by him as the representative-man, was a proof that this death had served its purpose, and therefore a proof that all his people shall in due time be delivered from all the penal consequences of sin,—among the rest, death. The substance of the second illustration is: ‘Christ rose that he might reign. His Father has given him power and authority, absolute and unlimited as to creatures, delegated and subordinate only in reference to essential divinity,—power and authority, in the exercise of which it is certain that he shall destroy all things which oppose the design of God as to the final and complete happiness of his people; and among these death, the last enemy.

In the fourth part, opening with the 29th verse and closing with the 34th, the apostle shows how utterly motiveless sand irrational, on the supposition of there being no resurrection, would be the conduct of those who embrace, profess, and propagate Christianity at such risks and sacrifices as were required in the primitive age; and how much more reasonable it would be, on such a hypothesis, for them to act on the principle of the Epicurean philosophy, “ Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we must die:” seizing the opportunity thus given him, by showing the practical tendency of the denial of the resurrection, to warn the Corinthians of the hazard of their being led into error by having the purity of their moral habits corrupted by intercourse with the wicked; calling them to rouse themselves from that stupor which worldly associations have a tendency to induce, and to guard against mistakes naturally growing out of it, which must be injurious—may be fatal; and intimating that the existence of such a state of mind in reference to the resurrection was a plain evidence that there was in some quarters an ignorance of God which, in their circumstances, was not merely blameworthy, but shameful. _ The fifth part, beginning with the 35th verse and ending with the 41st, is occupied with a reply to the cavils of those who said that there was no resurrection; calculated and intended to remove the doubts and difficulties — which, by their statements, they might have produced in the minds of genuine believers. These cavils are two: “How are the dead raised?” i.e. ‘How can the dead live again?’ and, ‘“ With what bodies do they come” from the grave ?—with the same bodies laid in the grave, or with different bodies; and if different, how, in what respects, different? The reply to the first question is to be found in ver. 36. The rest of the section is occupied with the answer to the second question.

The answer to the first question is substantially this:

PREFATORY ANALYSIS. 4) r 2

‘Your question, How can the dead live? how can life come out of death? is a foolish one. It is no uncommon thing for death to intervene when there is to be progress from a lower kind or degree of life to a higher kind or degree of life. In the vegetable world, it is not the blossom, or the seed full of succulence and life, that, in a continuance of that life, becomes a separate plant: the blossom perishes, the seed must wither and die—become dead-ripe; and it is out of this dead seed cast into the earth that a higher development of vegetable life springs.’

The answer to the second question is given more in detail, and is included in vers. 837-41. After stating that the plant that springs from the seed, though belonging to the same species, and indeed growing out of it, is yet very different from the seed from which it springs; and having remarked that matter, though consisting of the same simple elements, admits of an endless diversity of forms, suited to the place it is intended to occupy, and the purposes it is intended to serve—to form the bodies of fishes, birds, and land animals, or such heavenly bodies as the sun, the moon, and the stars, or such earthly bodies as rocks, and mountains, and seas, and all the varieties of the vegetable and mineral kingdoms —he applies these analogies, and gives additional information in reference to the resurrection of the dead.

This forms the sixth part of the dissertation, reaching from the 42d verse to the 54th. Its argument may be thus stated: ‘What is raised is the same as what was laid in the grave, and yet is very different. It is what is sown that grows up; it is what is buried that is raised. But what was a corruptible, dishonoured, weak body in the present state, shall in the resurrection state be incorruptible, glorious, and powerful. What was, in the present state, a body primarily suited to the exercise and development of the animal part of our immaterial principle, shall in the resurrection state be a body primarily suited to the exercise and development of the spiritual part of that principle.’

On this last statement, as chiefly important, the apostle dwells. ‘There is, says he, ‘such a distinction as that which I have noticed. ‘There is an animal body, and there is a spiritual body.” We derive the one from our first representative; we shall obtain the second from our second representative. The first Adam, formed of the dust of the earth, an inanimate body, was made into a living animal—his body thus becoming an animal body; and this is the body we receive from him. The last Adam, having become dead in the flesh—having died in that animal body which he assumed to offer as a sacrifice for us—by_the power of God not only received a spiritual body, but was made a quickening spirit, having power to give spiritual bodies to all who are his. And the animal goes before the spiritual. That is the established order. It did so in the case of our representative; it will do so with us. “The first man was of the earth, earthy;” his body suited its residence. “The second man—the Lord— is from heaven,” heavenly; his body suits its residence. In this respect there is a similarity between the represented and their representatives. The earthy—-the bodies living on the earth—are like the body of their earthy natural progenitor. The heavenly—the bodies which are to live in heaven—are to be like the body of their heavenly spiritual head. And as we have all borne, and do bear, the image of the earthy head in the animal body, we shall wear the likeness of the heavenly head in the spiritual body. The body, in the present state, is not fit for heaven; and even in the case of those who do not die, but are

PART I.] INTRODUCTORY. ij found alive on the earth at the coming of the Lord, a change, similar in its effects on the body to that produced by death and resurrection, must take place, to fit them for the kingdom of God.’

The seventh part, which is the conclusion, divides itself into two portions—a triumphant thanksgiving and a solemn exhortation. The triumphant thanksgiving is contained in the 55th, 56th, and 57th verses: “O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory? The sting of death is sin; the strength of sin is the law. But thanks be to God, who giveth us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.” The solemn exhortation in the 58th verse: “Therefore, my beloved brethren, be ye stedfast, unmoveable, always abounding in the work of the Lord; forasmuch as ye know your labour is not in vain in the Lord.”

PART I. INTRODUCTORY.

‘Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand; by which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain: for I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures; and that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the Scriptures; and that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve: after that he was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep. After that he was seen of James; then of all the apostles. And last of all he was seen of me also, as of one born out of due time. For I am the least of the apostles, that am not meet to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. But by the grace of God IT am what I am: and his grace which was bestowed upon me was not in vain ; but I laboured more abundantly than they all: yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me. Therefore, whether it were I or they, so we preach, and so ye believed.”—1 Cor. xv. 1-11.

_ The gospel—the right way of preaching the gospel—the right way of receiving the gospel—and the blessed effects

‘ati INTRODUCTORY. . [PART I.

of the gospel, when rightly preached and rightly received, are the topics to which this passage of Scripture calls our ‘attention. :

§ 1. The Gospel.

Let us, in the first place, then, make that gospel* which — the apostle states that he had preached to the Corinthians, the subject of consideration. “I declare? unto you the gospel,” says he, “which I have preached unto you.” The Saxon word “gospel,”’ like the Greek word of which it is a literal translation, signifies agreeable intelligence, a joyful announcement, good news, glad tidings; and is in the New Testament ordinarily employed as a descriptive — designation of the revelation of divine mercy to our lost world,—the divinely inspired account of the only way in which guilty, depraved, and miserable men may be delivered from sin and its consequences, obtain the divine approbation and favour, be raised to the true dignity and excellence of their intellectual and moral nature, in the knowledge of God, and conformity to his mind and will, and be made happy in all the variety and to the full extent of their capacities of enjoyment, during the whole eternity of their being, by the free grace of God, “through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus.’* The sum and

1 Chrysostom, Cicumenius, and some of the Latin Fathers, suppose that there is a reference to the Gospel by Luke, which was supposed to be written under Paul’s direction. There can be no reasonable doubt that the reference is to Paul’s personal preaching (chap. iv. 15).

2 Tyapila—irouimvioxm.”—CHCUMENIUS. Declare anew, remind, recall to attention, seems the meaning (chap. xii. 3; 2 Cor. viii. 1; Gal. i. 2). 3 God spel.

8 OTS ehayytruoy primum quidem rd x%pvyue Christi significat ; deinde

et illa per que x%pvyue illud confirmatum est,.id est historiam de vita,

miraculis, morte, resurrectione et in ccelum evectione Christi.”—-GRorius. ,

The meaning is sometimes obscured when “‘ gospel,” which has with us

SEC. I.] THE GOSPEL. 8)

substance of that revelation is contained in the statement _made by the apostle in the third and fourth verses of this chapter: “that Christ died for our sins! according to the Scriptures ; and that he was buried, and that he rose again from the dead on the third day, according to the Scriptures.”

The gospel proceeds on the supposition that mankind are sinners, and that, in consequence of their being sinners, they are in a state of extreme degradation, danger, and misery ; and it announces the means of certain and_complete deliverance from this state. It takes for granted what the word of God so plainly states, and what is so consonant with all that we see around us and feel within us: that “all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God,” forfeited the divine approbation; that every man has violated the regard due to the divine will, by doing what he knew to be wrong, and neglecting to do what he knew to be right; that sin is an abominable thing which God hates; that his “wrath is revealed from heaven against all unrighteousness and ungodliness of men;” that he will not, that he cannot, by any means clear the guilty; that men are “alienated from the life of God;” that they contemn God, forget God, hate God; that “the imaginations of the thoughts of their heart are only evil, and that continually ;” that they who are thus “far from God” must “perish ;” that they who are thus without holiness cannot “see the Lord” in mercy.” The gospel thus supposes not only its technical sense, is given as the rendering for edeyyéiasy in its primitive sense of good news, ¢.g. Gal. iii. 8, Heb. iv. 2. In both of these cases the obscurity is increased by the use of the term, ordinarily used in a technical sense, ‘‘ preached.”