The New Sailing Directory for the Ethiopic or Southern Atlantic Ocean; including the Coasts of Brazil, &c. to the Rio de la Plata, the Coast thence to Cape Horn, and the African Coast to the Cape of Good Hope, &c. ... Composed and arranged from a great variety of documents

Front matter

J THE NEW SAILING DIRECTORY FOR THE ETHIOPIC or. SOUTHEEN ATLANTIC OCEAN INCLUDING THE COASTS OF BRASIL, ETC, TO THE RIO DE LA PLATA, THE COAST THENCE TO CAPE HORN, AND THE AFRICAN COAST TO THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE, ETC.j INCLUDING THE ISLANDS BETWEEN THE TWO COASTS. COMPOSED AND ARRANGED FROM A GREAT VARIETY OF DOCUMENTS, WHICH INCLUDE HUNT ORIGINAL AND VALUABLE COMMUNICATIONS, AS ENUMERATED IN THE WORK, By JOHN PURDY. THIRD EDITION, REVISED AND CORRECTED, By ALEX. G. FINDLAY. LONDON: PRINTED FOR R. H. LAURIE, CHART-SELLER TO THE ADMIRALTY, THE HON. CORPORATION OF TRINITY-HOUSE, ETC No. 53, FLEET STREET. 1844. TO CAPTAIN WILLIAM HENRY SMYTH, OF THE ROYAL NAVY, KNIGHT OF THE ORDEK OF ST. FERDINAND AND MERIT, F.R.S., F.A.S., F.R.A.S., MEMBER OF THE ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE STATISTICS AND NATURAL HISTORY OF TUSCANY, AND OF THE ACADEMIES OF SCIENCES OF NAPLES AND PALERMO, AS A MEMORIAL OF EARLY FRIENDSHIP; A TESTIMONIAL OF AFFEC- TIONATE REGARD; AND A GRATEFUL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF MANY PRIVATE AND IMPORTANT FAVOURS, WHICH HAVE BEEN APPLIED TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF HYDROGRAPHY; THIS VOLUME IS MOST RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED, BY JOHN PURDY. [Œnterrtr at Stationers' 3$all.] *.* The reader is requested to observe, that a few of the Longitudes quoted in the work vary from those in the Table of Positions; the latter are preferred, from subsequent con sideuation, as explained in the accompanying " Notes."

PRINTED BY J. RIDER, 14, BARTHOLOMEW CLOSE. MOST WILLINGLY WOULD WE HERE DISPLAY, IN DETAIL, THE NAMES OF ALL THOSE GENEROUS FRIENDS WHO HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO THE COMPLETION OF THIS WORK; BUT THEY WILL BE FOUND, IN THEIR PROPER PLACES, HERE- AFTER, ASSEMBLED WITH THOSE OF THE MOST EMINENT NAVIGATORS WHO HAVE TOUCHED UPON THE SAME TOPICS I JUSTICE, HOWEVER, REQUIRES AN ESPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF OUR OBLIGATIONS TO THE " NAUTICAL MAGA- ZINE," THE " UNITED SERVICE JOURNAL," AND THE " JOURNAL OF THE „ ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY \ FOR TO THESE PERIODICALS WE HAVE BEEN INDEBTED FOR A LARGE COLLECTION OF INESTIMABLE INFORMATION, AS WILL BE SEEN IN THE FOLLOWING PAGES. J. P. IN THE PRESENT EDITION THOSE ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO THE FORMER WORK HAVE BEEN MADE, WHICH THE LAPSE OF TIME SINCE ITS PUBLICATION, AND INCREASED KNOWLEDGE HAVE RENDERED NECESSARY ; AND IT IS HOPED THAT IT EMBODIES ALL THE INFORMATION THAT IS EXTANT UPON THE SUBJECTS CONTAINED IN IT.

WE ARE INDEBTED TO THE EXCELLENT WORKS ABOVE- MENTIONED, AND TO THE ADMIRABLE VOLUMES UPON CAPTAINS KING'S AND FITZROY's EXPEDITIONS, FOR MUCH VALUABLE MATTER; TO THESE AND MANY OTHER SOURCES, AS NOTICED THROUGHOUT THE WORK, WE BEG TO OFFER OUR ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. A. G. F. %* COMMUNICATIONS, FOR THE FUTURE IMPROVEMENT OF THIS WORK, ARE RESPECTFULLY SOLICITED. NAUTICAL WORKS, LATELY PUBLISHED BY R. H. LAURIE, AND SOLD ALSO BY aLl THE RESPECTABLE CHART-SELLERS IN THE DIFFERENT PORTS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. INDIAN AND PACIFIC OCEANS. Mr. Laurie has just published a series of Charts for the Navigation of the Southern Parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, from the Cape of Good Hope eastward to Cape Horn, and between latitudes 11° and 65° South ; comprised in six sheets, as follows:— \. Southern Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius, -5fc. ; 2.

Section I

General Table of the Positions, or of the Latitudes and Longitudes of the Principal Points, etc described in the Work ; with the Pages on which the respective Descriptions may be found. PAGE 1. The Islands and Shoals of the Ethiopic or Southern Atlantic Ocean ; including* Falkland Islands, South Georgia, the Sandwich Lands, and South Shetland xiv 2. The Northern Coast of Brasil, from Cape St. Roque, Westward, to the Rio Para xvii 3. The Eastern Coast of Brasil, &c. from Cape St. Roque to Buenos Ayres xviii 4. The Coasts of La Plata, Patagonia, &e. from Cape St. Antonio to and beyond Cape Horn xxiii 5. The Coast of Africa, from the River Galinhas to Cape Lopez, including the Islands of Fernando Po, Princes, St. Thomas, and Anno Bon xxv 6. The Coast of Africa, from Cape Lopez to the Cape of Good Hope, and thence to Algoa Bay xxvi NOTES on the preceding Table, showing the Authorities, with some Additional Remarks ; including the Variations of the Compass xxix

Section II

General Observations on the Winds, Seasons, Tides, and Currents; and on the Animals and Phenomena of the Ocean. 1. Of the Winds and Seasons 1 Trade Winds and Seasons, page 1. On the Eastern Coast of Brasil, 1: at the Entrance of the Plata, 2. Land and Sea Breezes, 3. Seasons of Brasil, 4 : at Para, 4 : at Maranham, 5 : at Seara 5 : at Fernando VI contents. Noronha, 5 : at the Rio Plata, 5 : the Pamperos, 6 : the Patagonian Coast, 6: at Staten Island, 6: at Tierra del Fuego, 7: in the vicinity of Cape Horn, 9. Climate of the Islands Ascension and St. Helena, &c, 9, 10 : of the Falklands, 11 : of South Georgia, Sandwich Lands, and South Shetland, 12. Winds and Weather on the African Coast and Sea, 13. The Seasons, 14. Windward Coast, &c, 14. Tornadoes, 15. Gold Coast, 15. Islands of St. Thomas, &c, 16.

Bight of Biafra, 17. Congo, &c, to the Cape of Good Hope, 18. 2. Of the Tides.— Northern Coast of Brasil, 19. Eastern Coast of Brasil, 20. Patagonia, &c, 20. Strait of Le Maire and Staten Island, 20. Falklands, 21. African Coast, 21. 3. Of the Currents. — Enumeration of the Currents, 21. Agulhas (or Lagullas) Current, 22. Eastern or Counter Current of Agulhas, 25. The South African, Guinea, and Equatorial Currents, 26. The Brasilian Currents, 27. Currents between Guinea and Brasil : — the Remarks of Captain Sabine, 28, 29. Brasilian Currents continued : — the Remarks of Captain Monteath, 29. Thence to Cape Horn and South Shetland : — Remarks by Captain Foster, &c, 30. The Southern Connecting Current, 31. The Rollers of Ascension, Fernando Noronha, and St. Helena, 32 — 34, (and Appendix.) 4.

Brief Extracts on the Animals and Phenomena of the Ocean. — Animals, &c, 34. The Dolphins, Sharks, &c, 34. Remora, Porpoises, Whales, and Turtle, 35. Birds, 36. Whales and Sea-Elephants, 36. Albatross, Penguins, &c, 36. Stormy Petrel and Cape Pigeons, 37. Luminosity of the Sea, 37. Medusæ, &c, 38. Discoloured Water, 39 — 42. Indications of Wind, 42. Magallanic Clouds, 43. Mirage, 43. Temperature and Density of Sea- Water, &c, 44 — 47.

Section III

On the Passages to and from Brasil, Patagonia, ani Cape Horn; Ascension, St. Helena, and the Cape of Good Hope. The Passage to Brasil, &c, 47. Remarks on Sailing Westward of the Canary Islands toward the Equator, 49. Remarks on navigating between Rio Janeiro and Cape Horn, with the Returning Route, by Mr. Wm. Wood, 50. On proceeding to the Eastward of the Falkland Islands toward Cape Horn, &c, by Captain Monteath, 52. Remarks from the Journals of Captain , Smart, 55. Route of Admiral Krusenstern, 56. Remarks by Captain Kotzebue, 56. Route of Captain Vancouver, Eastward, 57: of Captain Boulton, 57. Remarks by Captain Colnett, 57. Routes of La Perouse, Kotzebue, &c, 58. Remarks by Captain Basil Hall, 59 : by Captain Weddell, 60. Remarks upon the Passage to, and round Cape Horn, by Captain P. P. King, R.N., 61—63.

Routes for Returning from Brasil to Europe, including a Description of Bahia, 63 — 66. contents. Table of the Winds, Currents, and Variations of the Compass, as observed in the Voyages of the Bayadhe, from France to Brasil, in 1819; from France to the River Plata, in 1821 and 1822 ; and from Brasil to France, in 1823 ; by the Baron Roussin, 67. Directions for proceeding to the Island of Ascension, 70. Passages to and from St. Helena, 70. Passage from Ascension and St. Helena to the Coast of Africa, by Captain Matson, 71. Passage from Brasil to the Cape of Good Hope, and from the Cape to England, 72. Tracks, Winds, and Weather, over the Bank of Agulhas, 72. Cape to England, 75. Extracts from the Journals of Captain Bristow, 75 : of Captain Steuart, 77. Cape of Good Hope to North America ; Directions by Captain Amasa Delano, 79.

Section IV

Description of the Islands and Shoals of the Ocean, with Directions for Sailing, etc. Volcanic Region in the Vicinity of the Equator, and Description of the Shoals, &c, 80 — 84. Penedo de S. Pedro, 84. Fernando Noronha, 85. The Roccas, 88. Blaesdale's Coral Reef, 88. Shoal of Manoel Luis, 89. Isle of Trinidad, 89. Martin Vas Rocks, &c, 91. Gandaria Rocks, 92. Laurel Shoal, off the River Plata, 92. The Island of Ascension, 92 : of St. Helena, 101. Bank of Antonio Viana ? 107. Saxemburg? 107. Grant's Breakers, 108. Isles of Tristan da Cunha, 109. Remarks on Tristan, by Captain James Herd, 114. Diego Alvarez or Gough's Island, 115. Kattendyk's Droogte and Lennon's Reef, 116. Robson Reef, 116. Telemaque Rock, &c, 117. Ice Islands, &c. off the Cape of Good Hope, 118. Bouvet's or Circumcision Island, 119.

Isle Grande? 121. Ariel Rocks, 125. Falkland Islands, 126. Historical Account, 126. General Description, 129. West Falkland, 131. Productions, 131. Penguins and Sea-Fowl, 133. Winds, Climate, &c, 135. Sea- Weed, or Kelp, 136, Description of the Coasts:— East Falkland, 137. Berkley Sound, 137. Port William, &c, 139. West Falkland: Port Egmont, 140. New Island, 141. Port Edgar, 142. Beauchene Island, 143. L'Aigle Shoal? 144. Kain's Islet? 145. Pottinger's Bank, 146. Aurora Isles ? 146. Shag Rocks, 146. South Georgia, 146. The Sandwich Lands, 149. Routes of Captain Biscoe to the Eastward and South-eastward of the same, 150. South Shetland, 151.' The Winds, 155. The Tides, 156. Remarks on approaching South Shetland from the Northward, by Captain Fildes, 158. Louis Philippe Land, Joinville Land, &c, 158. Islands of Alexander I. and Peter I., 159. CONTENTS. VIII

Section V

The Northern Coast of Brasil, from Cape St. Roque, Westward; including Aracati, Ciara, or Seara, Tutoya, Maranham, and Para. General Remarks on the Coast, 159. Banks of St. Roque, 160. The Roccas, 160. Particular Description and Sailing Directions, 161. Aracati, 161. Coast continued, 163. Ciara, or Seara, 164. Directions, by the Hon. Captain Wellesley, 165 : by Captain George Cheveley, 166. Coast Westward of Seara, 166. On coming in from Sea, 167. Description continued, 167. Jericoacoara, 167. The Pernaibao, or Paranahiba, 168. The Lancoes, 169. Mangrove Coast, and Isle of Santa Anna, 170. Maranham. — Captain Hewett's Description of and Directions for Maranham, 173. Particular Description, &c, 172. Tides, 172. Sailing Directions, by the Baron Roussin and others, 176. Route from the West Indies, or Southern Ports of North America, by the Hon. Captain Wellesley, 178.

Directions generally, 179. Remarks and Instructions by Lieut. Stopford, R.N., 179. General Remarks on quitting Maranham and returning toward Europe, 180. Shoal of Manoel Luis, 181. Maranham to Para. — Province of Para, 182. Rio Para, 183. Entrances to the River Para, 186. Remarks and Directions, by the Hon. Captain Wellesley, 188. Coast between Maranham and Para, by Lieut. Stopford, 190. Direction* for Para, by Mr. Richard Thomas, 190 : by M. Arnous- Dessaulsays, 191. Remarks by Mr. Jeffery from Barbadoes to Para, 193.

Section VI

The Eastern Coasts of Brasil, La Plata, Patagonia, etc., from Cape St. Roque to Cape Horn, inclusive. 1. The Coast from Cape St. Roque to Pernambuco, 195. The Weather, &c. on the Eastern Coast of Brasil, 195. The Making of the Coast, 196. Description of the Recife, 197. Natal, or Rio Grande do Norte, 197. Rio Parahyba, 198. Itamaraca, 200. Pao Amarello, 201. Pernambuco and Olinda. — Description of, 201. Cape St. Augustin, 202. Interior of Pernambuco, &c, 203. Particular Instructions for Pernambuco, &c, 205—210. 2. Pernambuco to Bahia, or Bay of All Saints, 210. Porto Calvo, &c, 211. Mayeio, or Mafayo ; Remarks by the Hon. Captain de Roos, 212. Rio San Francisco, 213. The Cotandiba, 214. Vasabarris and Rio Real, 214. Itapicuru, 215. On the Winds, by the Baron Roussin, 215. Bahia, Description, 215.

Sailing Directions for Bahia, 220. 3. Bahia to Ponto Seguro and the Abrolhos, 222. Morro de St. Paulo, 223. Rio Camamu and St. George dos Ilheos, 223. Belmonte, 224. Porto' Seguro, &c, 224. Caravelhas, 226. The Itacolomi, 226. Prado, 226. The Abrolhos, or Islets of St. Barbara, 226. Captain FitzRoy's Remarks' on the same, 228. 4. The Coast from the Abrolhos to Cape Frio, inclusive, 229. The River St Matheo, &c, 229. Rio Seco and Rio Doce, 230. Espirito Santo, or Port Victoria, 230. River Guarapari, 231. Benevente, 231. Coast to Cape St. Thome, 232. Morley Bank, 232. Jervis Bank, 233. St. Anne's Bay, 234. S. Joao de Macahe, 235. The Ancoras and Papagayos, 235 Cape Frio, 235. J contents. IX 5: Cape Frio to Rio Janeiro, inclusive, 237. Position and Appearance, 237. Thetis Cove, 237. Cape Negro, 237.

Currents in the Vicinity of Cape Frio, 238. Rio Janeiro, 238. Description of the Land between Cape Frio and Rio Janeiro, 239. On entering and leaving the Harbour, 240. Appearance of Rio, 240. Land and Sea Breezes, Tides, Landing-places, &c, 241. Description and Directions by Captain Hewett, 242. Directions by another Officer, 243. Directions for approaching from the Southward, by the Baron Roussin, 243. General Remarks on Rio, by Captain Monteath, 244. The Port Regulations, 245. Remarks on Rio Janeiro, 245. Description of the Interior of Rio Janeiro, by Lieut. Shillibeer, &c, 247. 6. Rio Janeiro to Santos, 249. Marambaya, 249. The Ilha Grande, 250. Gairosu Bay, 250. St. Sebastian, &c, 251. Thence to Santos, 252. Santos and Rocks in the Vicinity, 252, 253. 7. Santos to the Rio de la Plata inclusive, 253.

River Iguape, 253. Cananea and Paranagua, 254. River Guaratuba, 254. Island of St. Catharine, 255. Admiral von Krusenstern's Description, 255 : that of the Baron Roussin, 256 : of Captain Barral, 258. The Coast Southward of St. Catharine's, 260. The Rio Grande de San Pedro or do Sul, 261. Mr. Luccock's Description, 261. Sailing Directions, by Captain Grant, 263. Reid Shoal, 263 : by Captain Harrison, 263. Signals at the Rio Grande, 264. Winds, Tides, and Currents, between the Island of St. Catharine and the Rio Grande de San Pedro, 266. St. Pedro to the Plata, 267. Maldonado, 267. Landfalls or Points of Recognisance on approaching the Plata, as described by Captain Barral, 268. Description of the River, 269. Winds, Tides, and Currents in the River, 270. Depths of the River at the Entrance, and in the Offing, 271.

Navigation at the Entrance and in the River, 271. Routes on proceeding to Buenos Ayres, 272. (Passage between the Chico Bank and the South Shore. Passage between the Ortiz and the North Coast. Passage between the Ortiz and Chico, Banks. Routes to the Isles of Hornos. See Note [33] to the Table of Positions.) Descriptions and Remarks of British Officers, 273. Monte Video, 273. Captain Heywood's Remarks concerning the Winds, Weather, Tides, Currents, Soundings, &c. in the Plata, 274: Winds, 274 : Tides, 275: Soundings on advancing to the River, 276. Lobos to Flores, 277. English Bank, 277. Monte Video, 277. Navigation Southward of the English Bank, 278. • Observations on the Anchorage of Buenos Ayres, 281. Port and Pilot Charges, 282. Description of Buenos Ayres, 283. Navigation Eastward of the River, by Captain Beechey, 284. 8.

The Coasts of La Plata and Patagonia, from the River of La Plata to the Strait of Magalhaen, 285. Coast of the Pampas, and Inhabitants of the Country, 285. Remarks by Captain R. FitzRoy, 286. Description of the Coast, 287. Cape Corrientes, 288. Bahia Blanco, 288. Port Belgrano and San Bias Bay, 289. Rio Negro, 289. Carmen, 291. St. Matthias Bay, 291. Tide Races, 291. Port San Jose, 292. Bahia Nueva, 292. River Chupat, 292. Port Santa Elena, 292. Cape Two Bays, &c, 293. Port Malaspina, 293. Cape Three Points, 294. Port b contents. X Desire, 294. Sea Bear Bay, 295. Ferrer or Spyring Bay, 296. Watch man's Cape, 296. Port St. Julian, 297. Santa Cruz 298. Coy In et, 299. Cape Fairweather, 300. River Gallegos, 300. Virgins Cape, 300. Strait of Magalhaen, 301. Captain King's Remarks on the Passage through the Strait, 301. 9.

The Coast of Tierra del Fuego to Cape Horn &c, including Staten Island, 302. Description of Tierra del Fuego, 302. Strait of Le Maire, 302, 303. Good Success Bay, 303. Staten Islands 303 Description of the Strait of Le Maire, 304. Tides, 305. Harbours &c. of Staten Island, 305. From the Strait of Le Maire to Cape Horn, &c, 307. Hermite Isles and St. Martin's Cove, 307. Islets of Diego Ramirez, 30b : of St. Ildefonso, 308. New Year Sound, &c, 309. Coast Westward of New Year Sound, 309. Cape Glocester, 309. Christmas Sound, 310. General Remarks on the Passage along the Eastern Coast of Patagonia, and around Cape Horn, &c, by Captain P. P. King, and Captain F. W. Beechey, R.N., 313. Passage of the Blossom, 314. Home Passage of the same, 316.

Section VII

The Coasts of Africa, from Cape Mount to Cape Lopez, including the Islands of Fernando Po, Princes, St. Thomas, and Anno Bon. 1. General Description and Directions, 317. Windward Coast, 317. Gold Coast, 317. The Natives, &c, 317. Climate, 318. Descriptive Remarks and Sailing Directions for the Navigation to and from Western Africa; with some Account of the Currents, Seasons, &c, the result of eight years' actual experience in the command of four different vessels, by Captain T. Midgley, of Liverpool, 1837; 319. Passage from England, 319. Luminosity of the Sea, 320. Empktyment of Kroumen, 320. The Seasons, 321. Means of preserving the Health of Seamen, 322. The Current, 322. The homeward Passage, 323. Directions for sailing from the Bight of Biafra to Sierra Leone, by the late Mr. J. Finlaison, 323 : by Captain Oliver, R.N., 324. 2.

Particular Description of, and Directions for, the Windward Coast, 324. River Galinhas and Cape Mount, 325. Cape Mesurado, 325. Liberia, 326. The River Junk, 327. The Grain or Pepper Coast, 328. Grand Bassa, 328. The River Sestros, 329. Settra Krou, 329. Grand Sestros, Cape Palmas^ &c, 330. The Ivory or Teeth Coast, 331. Cavally, 332. Tahou, 332. St. Andrew's Bay, 332. Lahou, 333. The Coast between Cape Lahou and Assinee River, 333. 3. The Gold Coast Eastward to the River Volta, 334. The Forts on the Coast, 334. General Description, 334, 335. Assinee to Cape Apollonia, 336. Cape CONTENTS. XI Three Points, 336. Dixcove, 337. Secondee, 337. Chama, 337. Com menda, 338. Elmina and Cape Coast Castle, 338. Lighthouse of Cape Coast, 340. Anamaboe, 341. Whinebah, 341. Accra to Ningo, 342. River Volta, 343.

Cape St. Paul, 343. Remarks upon the Appearance of the Land, from the Fort of Boutry to Cape St. Paul, by Captain R. Wauchope, R.N., 344. 4. The Bight of Benin, from Cape St. Paul to Terra Formosa, 345. Quitta, &c, 346. Popoe and Whydah, 346. Porto Novo and Ardrah, 347. Lagos, 348. Benin, 350. Benin River, 351. Waree, 352. The River Nun or Quorra, 354. 5. The Bight of Biafra, from the River Nun or Quorra to Cape Lopez, including the Islands of Fernando Po, Princes, St. Thomas, and Anno Bon, 357. Remarks by Captain Midgley, 357. The Navigation of the Bight of Biafra, 357. Prevalent Winds, 358. Current, 358. Anchorage, 358. Directions, 359. Rio Nun to New Calabar River, 360. Description of the Coast, 361. New Calabar River, 361. Bonny River, 362. Directions for the Bonny, by Captain Midgley, 365.

Old Calabar River, 367. Rio del Rey, &c, 369. Camaroens Mountain, 370. Fernando Po, 371. Maidstone Bay, Clarence, &c, 375. George Bay, 376. Bay of Amboises, 377. River Bimbia, 378. Camaroens and Malemba Rivers, 379. Bight of Pannavia, &c, 382. Cape St. John and Coast Southward, 383. Corisco. Bay, 383. River Gaboon, 385. Winds on the Coast, 387. River Gaboon to Cape Lopez, 387. Princes Island, 389. Island of St. Thomas, 391. Anno Bon, 393.

Section VIII

The Coast of Africa, from Cape Lopez to the Cape of Good Hope, and thence to Algoa Bay. Remarks on the Seasons, Winds, Currents, &c, by Captain Matson, 395. Description : Cape Lopez, 396. Thence to Yumba, 397. Yumba to Loango, 398. Black Point Bay, 399. Malemba, 400. Kabenda, 401. Kabenda to the Zahir or Congo River, 401. Roads of Loango, Malemba, and Kabenda, 402. The Zahir or Congo River, 403. General Remarks and Instructions on the Navigation between Biafra and Congo, 407. Winds and Seasons, 408. Congo River to Ambriz Bay, 408. Ambriz, 408. Loango, &c, 409, St. Paul de Loando, or Angola, 410. Curimba, 411. Thence to Cape Ledo, 412. Nova Redonda, 413. Quicombo and Logita River, 413. Lobito, 413. St. Philip de Benguela, 413. Benguela Bay to Cape St. Mary, 415. Elephant Bay, 416. Little Fish Bay, 417.

Port Alexander, 417. General Description of the Coast, 417. Great Fish Bay to Cape Frio, 418. Cape Frio to Cape Sierra, 419. Walvisch Bay, 419. Sandwich Harbour and Alligator Rocks, 421. Hollam's Bird Islet, 421. Spencer's Bay, 422. CONTENTS. Rae's Bay, and Gallovidia Island, 422. Ichaboe Island, 423. Angra Pequena, 424. Elizabeth Bay to Cape Voltas, 425. Possession Island, 426. Orange River and Cape Voltas, 427. St. Helena Bay, 428. Sal danha Bay, 428. Dassen or Coney Island, 429. Robben or Penguin Island, 430. Cape of Good Hope, 430. General Description, 430, 431. Description of Cape Town, 432. Table Mountain, 433. Table Cloth, 434. Table Bay, Lighthouse, and Time Ball, 435. Port Regulations, 435. Directions for Table Bay, 436. Remarks on the Cape, &c, 439. Table Bay to the Cape Point, 440.

False Bay, 441. Simon's Bay, 442. Port Regulations for Simon's Bay, 443. Directions, by Mr. Bellamy, 444. Winds in False Bay, 446. The Southern Coast, from False Bay to Algoa Bay, 446. Agulhas Bank, 447. Cape Agulhas, 447. Mossel Bay, 448. Knysna River, 449. Plettenberg Bay, 449. St. Francis or Camtoos River Bav, 450. Algoa Bay, 451. Port Elizabeth, 452. Roman Rock, 453. St. Croix Island, 454. Bird Isles, 454. Point Padron, 455.

Appendix

. 1. Remarks on' the Routes of Steam Vessels between England and the Cape of Good Hope, by Captain Fishbourne, R.N 455 2. Remarks on the Rollers, by the same ' 456 3. (1.) On the Preservation of Health in Tropical Climates .... 457 (h.) On the Yellow Fever '_ 453 (ill.) Medical Hints for Europeans migrating to Brasil, by Dr. Grant . . 458 A General Alphabetical Index of the Places and Names mentioned in the Work THE ETHIOPIC OR SOUTHERN ATLANTIC OCEAN.

Section I. General Table

of the Positions, or of the Latitudes and Longitudes of the Principal Points, etc described HEREAFTER ; WITH THE PAGES ON WHICH THE respective Descriptions may be found. *#* It is to be observed that, throughout this Work, the given Longitude is the Longitude from Greenwich. The Bearings and Courses are those by Compass, unless where otherwise expressed : but those given thus [E.N.E.] signify the True ; and the given direction of Wind, Tide, and Current, is always to be considered as the True. The depths are those at low water, spring-tides ; and the miles geographic, of 60 to a degree. The Figures in Parentheses, given in the following Table, thus, [3], refer to the subjoined Notes. The Table is arranged as follows : — 1. — The Islands and Shoals of the Ethiopic, or Southern Atlantic Ocean; including Falkland Islands, South Georgia, the Sandwich Lands, South Shetlands, &c. 2. — The Northern Coast of Brasil, from Cape St. Roque westward to the Rio Para. 3. — The Eastern Coast of Brasil, from Cape St. Roque to Buenos Ayres. 4. — The Coasts of La Plata, Patagonia, &c. from Cape San Antonio to and beyond Cape Horn. 5. — The Coast of Africa, from the River Galinhas to Cape Lopez, including the Islands of Fernando Po, Princes, St. Thomas and Anno Bon. 6. — The Coast of Africa, from Cape Lopez to the Cape of Good Hope, aud thence to Algoa Bay, &c. TABLE OK POSITIONS XIV Latitude.

Longitude. Pages. I. — ISLANDS and SHOALS of the ETHIOPIC, or SOUTHERN AT- LANTIC OCEAN. O ' " o / ,' VOLCANIC REGION [I] Crown Reef, 1835 Le Pacifique Shoal, [shock] 1771 • • Cæsar Breakers, 1730 Volcano [Lieut. Evans,] 1824 Warley Shoal, 1813 ■ • • • • Bell's 'Shoal, [shocks] 1842 La Seine Bank, 1832 Aquila Reef, 1831 La Silhouette Shoal, [shock] 1754 • • Krusenstern's Volcano, 1806 French Shoal, 1796 ?

Ferguson's Shoal [shock] Philantrope Shoal, [shocks] 1836 Rackham's Shoal, [shocks] 1842 French Shoal Bouvet's Sandy Island, 1761 Circassian Bank, 1841 La Fidele, [shocks] 1758 Triton Shoal, 1816 - - • : Le Prince Shoal, [shocks] 1747 Henry Tanner Reef, [vol. ashes] 1836 St. George Reef? 1830 Pefiedo de San Pedro Fernando Noronha ; the pyramid The Roccas • Blaesdale Coral Reef Shoal of Manoel Luis Isle of Trinidad [2] Martin Vas Rocks ; the Largest Ascensao, or Portuguese Ascension : not to be found Congress Bank ; 35 fathoms Gandaria Rocks about Laurel Shoal, off the Plata about Ascension ; the Barrack Square • ■ ■ -[3] St. Helena ; the Observatory [4] Bank of Antonio Viana? about Saxemburg Island ? not, known Grant Breakers ? about Tristan da Cunha ; the Waterfall Inaccessible Island ; centre Gough's Island [Diego Alvarez] Kattendyk's Droogte ? about Lennon's Reef about Robson Reef Telemaque Rock; Central Breakers --[5] Bouvet, or Circumcision Island; the centre Isla Grande, or Isle Grand ? [6] not known Ariel Rocks 0 57 OS. 0 42 0 2 0 ON. 7 0 ON. 5 4 23 N. 1 7 0 S. 0 22 OS. 0 22 15 S. 0 20 OS. 2 43 OS. 4 5 ON. 1 35 OS. 0 40 OS. 0 26 OS. 4 15 ON. 0 23 OS. 0 1 0 S. 0 20 OS. 0 32 0 S. 1 35 OS. 0 35 OS. 6 35 OS. 0 55 30 N. 3 50 10 S. 3 55 OS. 0 57 ON. 0 52 10 S. 20 31 0 S. 20 2 45 S. 23 19 OW. 22 47 0 22 18 0 21 50 0 21 25 40 21 21 0 21 15 0 21 6 30 20 50 0 20 35 0 20 35 0 20 27 0 20 10 0 19 58 0 19 20 0 19 10 0 19 0 0 18 0 0 17 46 0 17 15 0 15 50 0 12 57 0 29 22 45 32 24 50 33 30 0 41 6 0 44 13 0 29 18 58 28 58 38 80 82 81 81 82 82 83 82 82 81 81 81 83 82 83 81 81 83 81 82 81 83 82 84 85 88, 160 88 89, 181 89 91 *_ * -rt * * * 91 92 92 92 70, 93—101 101 — 107 107 107 108 109, 111 110 115 116 116 tie 117 119 121 125 20 30 0 S. 25 41 0 36 28 0 7 55 48 15 55 26 17 30 0 * * * 37 30 0 37 49 32 51 30 0 14 25 18 5 42 30 8 15 0 * * * 31 33 0 37 6 0 37 19 0 40 19 30 33 0 0 37 31 0 37 35 0 37 57 0 54 16 0 * * * 11 30 0 12 3 0 12 23 0 9 45 0 4 45 OE. 4 42 OW. 7 30 OE. 23 0 0 6 14 0 * * * 40 0 0 57 37 OW.

FALKLAND ISLANDS [7] 51 32 0 S. 51 35 0 51 39 14 51 41 30 Port Louis, Govt. House at Anson Berkeley Sound ; entrance Port William Cape Pembroke • • 58 7 30 57 50 15 57 48 43 57 42 0 137—139 137 139 TABLE OE POSITIONS XV Latitude. Longitude. Pages. Falkland Islands, continued Port Harriet ; entrance Port FitzRoy ; entrance Port Pleasant • • Choiseul Sound, Pyramid Point Lively Island ; S.E. extreme Point Porpoise, Bay of Harbours Beauchene Island ; South extreme • • • • [8] Mintey Rock [9] .about Sea Lion Isles ; W. extreme George Island ; S.W. Cliff Speedwell or Eagle Island, Jack's Harbour Elephant Kays Grantham Sound Sussex Harbour : entrance Port San Carlos ; centre Fanning Head • • ■ Cape Dolphin Eddystone Rock Marville Bay ; E. poiut Port San Salvador Cape Carysfoit Volunteer Point Uranie Rock . . . . • Eagle Point Port Egmont ; Ruins of Settlement- ■ • • Saunders Island ; N.W. summit Keppel Island ; N.W. Cliff Cape Tamar ; N. Cliff summit Tamar Harbour ; Eastern head White Rock Point White Rock Harbour ; S. head Many Branch Harbour ; N. point Poke Point Port Howard'; entrance Shag Harbour Fox Bay ; E. entrance Port Edgar ; S. head Port Albemarle ; N. head Albemarle Rock Cape Meredith Port Stephens ; E. entrance point Bird Island Rodney Bluff Cape Orford Cape Split New Island; highest summit Coffin or Ship Harbour Passages Island ; summit Split Island ; W. summit West Point Island ; W. bluff Jason Isles ; West Kay Steeple Jason ; summit Flope Point, Hope Harbour Sedge Island ; N.W. extreme Port Egmont Kay Kain's Islet ?

Longitude. Pages.

ISLE of GEORGIA, or SOUTH GEORGIA : Willis Island Adventure Bay, the Head of Cape North [10] Cooper's Island Cape George Clerke's Rocks 54 0 OS. 54 2 48 54 4 45 54 57 0 54 17 0 55 5 30 38 23 OW. 38 8 4 38 15 0 36 4 20 36 22 30 34 42 0 147 148 147 147 147 147 SANDWICH LANDS : Traverse Isles, Volcano Candlemas Isles [11] Cape Montague Southern Thule Morrell's Western Point 55 57 0 57 10 0 58 33 0 59 34 0 59 35 10 26 33 0 27 13 0 26 46 0 27 45 0 27 42 30 149 149, 151 149, 150 149,151 151 SOUTH SHETLANDS, &c. [12] 67 14 0 64 45 0 63 26 0 63 33 0 63 29 0 63 5 0 60 37 0 63 17 0 63 17 0 63 2 0 62 59 0 63 16 0 63 37 0 63 48 0 64 12 0 68 26 0 63 51 0 64 6 0 60 45 0 60 26 0 57 4 0 44 45 0 58 13 0 57 36 0 56 58 0 56 33 0 55 38 0 55 46 0 57 21 0 56 50 0 153, 154 154 154 Adelaide Island ; W. point Mount William, Graham's Land Cape Possession Farewell Rocks Trinity Land ; Tower-Hill Hope Isle Saddle Isle, on the East about Astrolabe Island ; E. point Mount Jacqueminot, Louis Philippe Land Daussy Island Join ville Island ; N.W. point [13] Mount Percy Cape Purvis Cape Gordon Cockburn I., 2760 feet Cape Seymour, S. point of Erebus and Terror Gulf, 1843 Cape Lockyer Cape Foster Mount Haddington, 7050 feet Deception Isle ; Pendulum Cove Smith's Island; Mount Beaufort (6600 feet high) South Point Cape Shirreff Desolation Isle - Table Island King George's Island ; N.W. or Round Point Cape Melville Penguin Isle, East side of St. George's Bay Fildes' Strait ; S.E. entrance Bridgeman's Isle, Volcano Aspland's Island ; North point Cape Belsham, the North point of Elephant Island CornwaUis Island ; centre Lloyd's Promontory, North cud of Clarence Island Cape Bowles, South end of the same 64 13 0 64 30 0 64 26 0 64 14 0 62 56 11 56 31 0 57 46 0 58 12 0 58 3 0 60 32 0 153, 155 155 158 158 158 158 158 157 62 52 0 62 39 0 62 26 0 62 25 0 62 20 0 63 13 0 61 27 0 60 52 0 60 30 0 59 40 0 151,154 151 153 153, 156 153,158 61 57 0 61 56 0 58 42 0 58 1 0 157 62 12 0 62 19 0 62 4 0 61 27 0 58 5 0 58 45 0 57 0 0 56 20 0 158 60 57 0 61 0 0 54 56 0 54 23 0 60 58 0 61 18 0 53 45 0 53 32 xvu I ABLE O* POSITION:;. c Latitude.