The Columbian Navigator: containing ... New Sailing Directions for the Coasts and Harbours of North America, ... the West Indies, etc

Part I. New Sailing Directions

for the COASTS and HARBOURS OF $£ortf)-&mmca; COMMENCING WITH SABLE ISLAND AND HALIFAX IN NOVA SCOTIA THENCE, INCLUDING THE BAY OF FUNDY TO CAPE COD, WITH THE NAVIGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, &c. to FLORIDA and the MARTYRS.

Part II. Directions

for the WINDWARD and GULF PASSAGES OF THE SSIeSt -gntntS, THE BAHAMA ISLANDS AND CHANNELS, THE ISLANDS OF ST. DOMINGO, JAMAICA, AND CUBA, THE RIVER MISSISIPI, COASTS OF FLORIDA, THE MARTYRS, &c. And comprising the Most particular Descriptions of all the Coasts, of the Harbours, and of THE FLORIDA STREAM.

Part III. Directions

for the CARIBBEE ISLANDS, $c. FROM PORTO RICO TO TRINIDAD, INCLUSIVE ; WITH THE COASTS OF THE SPANISH MAIN THENCE TO LA GUAYRA.

Part IV

The COASTS of TERRA-FIRMA, and ISLES adjacent, FROM THE EQUATOR AND THE MARANON, WESTWARD, TO THE 93ag of 3£.otttrura0 AND MEXICAN SEA, INCLUSIVE; COMPREHENDING ALI. THE HARBOURS AND RIVERS OF GUYANA, AND THENCE TO THE RIVER MISSISIPI. THE WHOLE ARRANGED, REVISED, AND CORRECTED, FROM A VARIETY OF ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS AND SURVEYS; WHICH INCLUDE, PARTICULARLY, THOSE OF M. CHASTENET DE PUYSEGUR AND OF THE SPANISH NAVIGATORS; THOSE OF MESSRS. GAULD, ROMANS, HESTER, DALZELL, &C. &C By JOHN PURDY, Hydrogkapher. ■€5 LONDON: Printed por JAMES WHITTLE and RICHARD HOLMES LAURIE, CtIJRT-SELLERS TO THE ADMIRALTY, Sft. Sfc. NO, 53, FLEET-STREET. 1817. For Notice relative to the Oriental Navigator, &c, see part I. page 100. For Catalogue of New Charts, &c, see the last leaf. Œnteteti at fctatitMtrs' — ♦— Printed by Rider and Weed, Liltlt Britain, London.

ADVERTISEMENT.

. The Proprietors of this Work have recently sent forth a new Edition of the " Memoir and Instructions for the Atlantic Ocean," a book which embraces, generally, the whole extent of that sea, and particularly describes the Eastern Coasts, with the Azores and the other Islands : but as, in that work, the American Coasts and Islands, with the exception of Ber mudas', remain undescribed, it has been deemed necessary to supply the deficiency, by giving the whole of these in a separate publication. The present volume, therefore, contains the Particular Directions for all the American Coasts, from Halifax, southward, and for all the Coasts and Islands of the West-Indies, &c. down to the Equator : The first part of it, for the North- American Coast, has been already before the public, in a separate form, as well as a subsequent portion ; but the Directions for the West-Indies have been arranged on a new plan, and a great part is wholely original: Our object has been to simplify, to enlarge, to abridge, and to correct, wherever necessary ; and we trust that the Reader will find, on perusal, a perspicuous description of the more intricate parts, calculated to increase, in a peculiar degree, the facilities of navigation.

The communications of intelligent seamen, for future improvement, are respectfully solicited. NOTE. In the first part, for the North-American Coast, it is to be observed that the given Bearings and Courses are those by Compass, unless where otherwise expressed ; but, in the subsequent parts, where the variation is small, the true bearings, &c. have, in general, been preferred. The Variation of the Compass at Halifax, and at St. John's, New Brunswick, is, at present, about 16j degrees West. It decreases to the westward ; near Cape Elizabeth, it is about 9 degrees ; at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 7 j degrees ; and at Boston 6j degrees ; and so diminishes to the southward, and changes to the East, as described hereafter. At the entrance of the Strait of Florida, it is 3° 20' E. ; at Barbadoes, 2° 20' E. ; at Jamaica 6" 5& E. ; al Cape Antonio, 8° 0' E. ; and, at Vera Cruz, 10" 0' East. CONTENTS.

Part I

1. The AMERICAN COASTS from SABLE ISLAND aod HALIFAX to the DELAWARE and PHILADELPHIA. \_For Supplementary Information, relative to New Light-bouses, Sfc. see page 101.] Isle of Sable and Banks of Nova Scotia Poge l The Coast of Nova Scotia "* Description of the Land near Halifax Harbour 4 Instructions for Sailing into Halifax Harbour 4 Sambro' Island, near the Entrance of Halifax Harbour, to Cape Sable 7 Cape Sable to the Bay of Fundy and Chignecto Bay 13 Directions for St. John's Harbour and Meogenes Bay 15 The Coasts of the United States, from Passamaquody to Cape Elizabeth 17 The Coast Westward of Passamaquody 18 Cape Elizabeth to Cape Anne 22 Cape Sable, of Nova Scotia, to Cape Cod, Plymouth, Boston, &c 27 Directions for Sailing by Cape Cod Light-house 30 Directions for Sailing in and out of Boston Bay, from Cape Cod and Cape Anne. 31 Directions for Salem Harbour, &c 35 Directions for Marblehead Harbour 36 Directions for Beverly and Manchester 37 Light-houses of Cape Anne, &c 37 Coast from Cape Cod to Cape Malabar, Description of 38 Directions for Sailing from Cape Cod to Holmes' Hole, and the contrary ... .41 & 42 Directions for Ships coming in from Sea towards Block Island, Martha's Vineyard, &c 43 Directions for Sailing into Nantucket Harbour 46 Caution to Vessels from the Eastward, and bound towards New York 47 Observations on the Gulf-Stream 47 Gay Head to New Bedford 48.

Martha's Vineyard and Block Island to Newport, or Rhode Island Harbour 48 Block Island to Gardner's Bay 49 Gardner's Bay to New London 50 Long Island Sound, from Montuck Point to Hell Gate 51 Montuck Point to Sandy Hook, along the South Side of Long Island 51 Directions for Sailing towards and into New York Harbour 52 Directions for Ships bound to New York Harbour, and falling in either to the Eastward or Southward of Sandy Hook k*» New York Harbour, upwards ,.5 Orders and Regulations for the Port of New York 5« Long Island Sound, from the East River so Sandy Hook to the Nantucket Shoals, &c ss CONTENTS. V Sandy Hook to the Delaware Page 59 Delaware Bay and River to Philadelphia 59 2. The DELAWARE to FLORIDA. Cape Henlopen to the Chesapeake 62 Chesapeake Bay and Rivers 63 Chesapeake Bay to Cape Hatteras 70 Cape Hatteras to Cape Fear River 71 Cape Fear Light-house and River 71 Cape Fear River to Port Royal and Savanna, including Charleston, &c 72 Observations on the Winds, &c. on the Coast of South Carolina 76 Savanna to St. Augustin 76 St. Augustin to the Florida Reef 79 Directions for Sailing from St. Augustin to Cape Florida and the Martyrs 81 3.

NEW YORK to St. AUGUSTIN, &c. ( SUPPLEMENTARY TO THE PRECEDING DIRECTIONS. ) New York to the Capes of Delaware 83 Cape Henlopen, called also Cape James, to the Capes of Virginia 84 Cape Henry to Cape Hatteras 85 Remarks on the sudden dangerous Thunder-Storms, so frequent in the Summer- Season, oft" Cape Hatteras, and on the Southern Coast of America 85 Cape Hatteras to Cape Look-out 85 Cape Look-out to Cape Fear 86 Cape Fear to Cape Roman and Charleston Bar 86 Charleston Bar to Tybee 87 Tybee to St. Simon's 87 St. Simon's to St. Mary's 87 St. Mary's to St. John's 88 St. John's to the Bay of St. Augustin 88 To anchor in the Bay of St. Augustin. — Observations on the Weather, &c 88 Directions for making a speedy Passage from St. Augustin to New York ; and Observations on the Tide along the American Coast 89 A Table of the Positions, Time of Full Sea on the Full and Change of the Moon, and Setting of the Tide, on the Coast of America, from New York to St. Augustin 90 The Setting of the Tide along Shore, from New York to St. Augustin 90 4.

REMARKS on the GULF-STREAM, &c. Remarks on the Gulf-Stream, and the Means of ascertaining when in its Vicinity 91 Reilowing Currents, &c 95 Observations on the Gulf-Stream, &c. by Sir Charles Blagden, M.D. and F.R.S. extracted from the Philosophical Transactions 96 Note on the Positions of Places, &c 100 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Relative to New Light-houses, &c. on the American Coasts VI CONTENTS. PART H.— The WINDWARD and GULF PASSAGES REMARKS on the CHART of the Windward and Gulf Passages Page 1 Island of Porto-Rico '■ The Mona Passage and Eastern Coast of St. Domingo ■* (See, also, for Mona, &c. page 106.) The Southern Coast of St. Domingo, from the Mona Passage to Cape Tiburon.. 5 The Island of Jamaica 11 The Northern Coast of St. Domingo 22 The Western Coast of St. Domingo 32 Directions for proceeding from Jamaica to the North-eastward, or through the Windward Channel ; including additional Remarks on the Western Coasts of St. Domingo, and a Description of the S.E. Coast of Cuba 39 (See, also, for Guantanamo or Cumberland Harbour, page 107.,) THE WINDWARD PASSAGES.

I. General Description and Directions, by M. Chastenet de Puysegur 41 1. Crooked Island Passage. (See, also, pages 107, 108.,) 41 2. The Caycos Passage 43 3. Turk's Island Passage 45 4. Description of the Caycos 46 5. Description of the Turk's Islands, Square Handkerchief, and Silver Kay Bank. 47 6. The Silver Kay Passage 49 II. Additional Remarks on the Coasts, Isles, &c. which form the Windward Passages ; by several French and English Navigators 49 Eastern End of Cuba 49 Great lnague, or Heneaga 49 The Hogsties , 50 The Mira-porvos. (See, also, page 107._) 51 Crooked Islands 51 General Directions for going through the Caycos Passage, &c. By Capt. Hester 53 Directions for Mayaguana and Atwood's Kay Passage; translated from the French 54 Description of the Planas, or French Kays, by the Pilot of the Eagle 54 The Passage between Crooked Island and Atwood's Kay , 55 Description of Samana Island, or Atwood's Kay 55 Description of Mayaguana, or Mogane Kg Additional Remarks on the Caycos, &c. From the French . 56 Observations on the Little Cayco, &c; from the Journal of the Emerald ... .57 TURK'S ISLANDS So Remarks on Sand Kay, made on board the Emerald 59 Description of the Salt Kay, or the Little Turk cq Description of Grand Kay, or Grand Turk XIC9-.ii|iuuu ... ....... i_ iva; , ui UHIIU l.[|[ .

Remarks on the. Rest of the Kays which are upon the Turk's Islands Bank. . .'. ' 61 General Observations on Turk's Islands, and Turk's Island Passage, coming from the Northward. By Captain Hester r% DIRECTIONS for NEW PROVIDENCE, &c CONTENTS. VII The LEEWARD or GULF PASSAGES. General Remarks Page 64 1. Jamaica to the Cayman or Turtle Islands and to Cape Antonio 64 2. The Northern Coast of Cuba, &c, and the Bahama Channel 68 3. The River Missisipi, and Western Coasts of Florida, thence Eastward and S.E. to Sable Point 72 4. The Tortugas and Martyrs, or Florida Kays and Reefs - 80 5. The Eastern Coast of Florida, from Great Inlet to Cape Canaveral 92 6. The Salt Kays and Bank 93 7. The Great Bank of Bahama with its Islands 94 8. The Lesser Bank of Bahama, with its Islands, and Directions for the Channels of Providence, &c 96 9.

Description of the Florida or Gulf-Stream, with Directions for Sailing from Jamaica and the Mexican Sea into the Atlantic Ocean _ . . . 98 ADDENDA. — Isle of Mona, &c; — Guantanamo or Cumberland Harbour ; — Mira-porvos ; — Diana Reef, in Crooked Island Passage; — Ringdove Reef, near Watling's Island 106, 107, 108 I, 1UI,

Part III

The CARIBBEE ISLANDS, &c. from PoR-fo-Rico to Trinidad, inclusive ; with the Coasts of the Spanish Main thence to La Guayra. Remarks on the new Chart of the Caribbee Islands, &c 1 The Island of Barbadoes 1 The Island of Tobago 2 The Island of Trinidad 5 Margarita, Tortuga, and the Spanish Main to La Guayra and Cape Blanco 7 (See, also, page 37. j) The Island of Granada 9 The Granadines 12 The Island of St. Vincent 12 The Island of St. Lucia 15 The Island of Martinico, or Martinique 16 The Island of Dominica 19 The Saintes, Mariegalante, Desirade, &c 20 The Island of Guadaloupe. (See, also, page 38. J 21 The Island of Antigua 22 Island of Barbuda 26 Monserrat and Redondo 26 Nevis and St. Christopher's 26 St. Eustatius and Saba 29 Aves or Birds' Island 30 St. Bartholomew's, St. Martin's, Anguilla, and Sombrero. (See also, page 38.) 30 St. Croix, or Santa Cruz 31 The Virgin Islands. (See, also, page 38.) 31 The Passage Isles 34 Island of Porto-Rico CONTENTS.