A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time

Front matter

A GENERAL HISTORY AND COLLECTION OF VOYAGES AND TRAVELS, ARRANGED IN SYSTEMATIC ORDER: FORMING A COMPLETE HISTORY OF THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF NAVIGATION, DISCOVERY, AND COMMERCE, BY SEA AND LAND, FROM THE EARLIEST AGES TO THE PRESENT TIME. BY ROBERT KERR, F. R. S. & F. A. S. EDIN. ILLUSTRATED BY MAPS AND CHARTS. VOL. X. EDINBURGH: Printed by James Ballantyne and Company, FOR WILLIAM BLACKWOOD, SOUTH BRIDGE-STREET, AND JOHN BALLANTYNE AND CO. HIGH-STREET, EDINBURGH; J. MURRAY, ALBEMARLE-STREET ; R. BALDWIN, AND GALE, CURTIS, AND FENNER, PATERNOSTER-ROW, LONDON; AND J. CUMMING, DUBLIN. 1814. CONTENTS OF VOL. X.

Part II. Book IV

CONTINUED. Page. CHAP. I. — Early Circumnavigations, or Voyages round the World, 1 Introduction, ..... ib, CHAP. I. — Voyage of Ferdinand Magellan round the World, in 1519-1522, 4 Sect. I. Some Account of Magellan, previous to the Commencement of the Voyage, ib. II. Proceedings of the Voyage from Seville to Patagonia, and wintering there, 7 III. Prosecution of the Voyage, till the Death of Magellan, . . .10 IV. Continuation of the Voyage to its Conclusion, . . .20 CHAP. IL— Voyage by Sir Francis Drake round the World, in 1577-1580, 27 Sect. I. Introduction, and Preparation for the Voyage, ib. II. Narrative of the Voyage from England to the Straits of Magellan, 30 III. Incidents of the Voyage, from the Straits of Magellan to New Albion, 35 IV. Continuation of the Voyage, from New Albion to England, . . 43 V. Reception of Sir Francis Drake in England, and some Notices of his remaining Actions, . . .49 CONTENTS.

Page. Sect. VI. First Supplement to the Voyage of Sir Francis Drake ; being an Account of Part of the foregoing Navigation, by Nuno da Silva, . 54* VII. Second Supplement, being the Voyage of Mr John Winter, after parting from Sir Francis Drake, . 62 _ ... -~P — ... . .1 .IT 1 1 CHAP. III. — Voyage of Sir Thomas Candish round the World, in 1586-1588, 66 Introduction, ib- Sect. I. Narrative of the Voyage from England to the Pacific, . . .68 II. Transactions on the Western Coast of America, . . . .73 III. Voyage Home to England, . 81 IV. Second Voyage of Sir Thomas Candish, intended for the South Sea, in 1591, 93 { 1. Incidents in the Voyage, till the Separation of the Ships, . . 94 § 2. Disastrous Result of the Voyage to Sir Thomas Candish, . . 98 § 3. Continuation of the Voyage ofthe Desire, Captain Davis, after parting from Sir Thomas Candish, 99 CHAP. IV.— Voyage of Oliver Van Noort round the World, in 1598-1601, 112 Introduction, ...... ib. 112 Introduction, Sect.

I. Narrative of the Voyage, . .115 II. Voyage of Sebald de Weert, to the South Sea and Straits of Magellan, in 1598, .... 130 ji 1. Incidents of the Voyage from Holland to the Straits of Magellan, ib. $ 2. The Fleet passes through the Straits of Magellan into the South Sea, and is forced to return, . . 133 § 3. Incidents during their second Residence in the Straits of Magellan, 139 Ji 4. Voyage from the Straits to Holland, 146 CHAP. V.— Voyage of George Spilbergen round the World, in 1614-1617, . . • . . . .149 Sect. I. Narrative ofthe Voyage, from Holland to the South Sea, . . ib. II. Transactions in the South Sea, along the Western Coast of America, 152 III. Voyage Home from America, by the East Indies and Cape of Good Hope, i5g CONTENTS. V Page. CHAP. VI— Voyage round the World, in 1615-1617, by William Cornelison Schouten and Jacques Le Maire, going round Cape Horn, . .162 Introduction, ib.

Sect. I. Journal of the Voyage from the Texel to Cape Horn, . . L64 II. Continuation of the Voyage, from Cape Horn to the Island of Java, 171 CHAP. VII. — Voyage of the Nassau Fleet round the World, in 1623-1626, under the Command of Jaques Le Hermite, 192 Introduction, ...... ib. Sect. I. Incidents of the Voyage from Holland to the South Sea, . .194 II. Transactions of the Fleet on the Western Coast of America, . 201 III. Voyage Home from the Western Coast of America, . . . 205 CHAP. VIII.— Voyage round the World, in 1683-1691, by Captain John Cooke, accompanied by Captain Cowley, and Captain William Dampier, 208 Introduction, ..... ib. Sect. I. Narrative of the Voyage by Cap- ■ tain Cowley, till he quitted the Revenge on the Western Coast of America, .... 214 II. Continuation of the Narrative of Captain Cowley, from leaving the Revenge, to his Return to Eng land, . . 229 III.

Sequel of the Voyage, as far as Dampier is concerned, after the Separation of the Nicholas from the Revenge, . . . 236 CHAP. IX. — Voyage round the World, by William Funnell, in 1703-1706 291 Introduction, ib. Sect. I. Narrative of the Voyage, till the Separation of Funnell from Dampier, .... 293 II. Sequel of the Voyage of William Funnell, after his Separation from Captain Dampier, . . 310 IU. Brief Account of Stradling, Clipperton, and Dampier, after their respective Separations, till their Returns to England, . . VI CONTENTS. Page. X.— Voyage round the World, by Captain Woods Rogers, and Stephen Courtney, in 1708- 1711, ...... 337 CHAP Introduction, . . • • • 'h. Sect. I. Narrative of the Voyage, from England to the Island of Juan Fernandez, .... 340 II. Proceedings of the Expedition on the Western Coast of America, 356 III.

Sequel of the Voyage, from California, by Way of the East Indies, to England, . • . 388 CHAP. XI. — Voyage round the World, by Captain John Clipperton, in 1719-1722, ... 400 Introduction, .... ib. Sect. I. Narrative ofthe Voyage, from England to Juan Fernandez, . 402 400 II. Proceedings of the Success in the South Seas, . . . 409 III. Voyage of the Success from the Coast of Mexico to China, . 419 IV. Residence of Captain Clipperton at Macao, and Returns from thence to England, . . . 430 CHAP XII. — Voyage round the World, by Captain George Shelvocke, in 1719--1722, ... 434 Introduction, ib. Sect. I. Narrrative of the Voyage from England to the South Sea, . 435 II. Proceedings in the South Sea, till Shipwrecked on the Island of Juan Fernandez, . . . 443 III. Residence on the Island of Juan Fernandez, . . . 473 IV. Further Proceedings in the South Sea, after leaving Juan Fernan dez, A GENERAL HISTORY AND COLLECTION OF VOYAGES AND TRAVELS.

PART II.

(continued.)

BOOK IV. CHAPTER

I. EARLY CIRCUMNAVIGATIONS, OR VOYAGES ROUND THE WORLD.

Introduction

. IN this fourth book ofthe second part of our arrangement, it is proposed to give a history ofthe principal Circum navigations, or Voyages Round the World, previous to the reign of our present venerable sovereign. This book, there fore, comprises a period of 226 years, from the year 1519, when Magellan sailed from Spain on the first circumnaviga tion ofthe globe, till the year 1744, when Commodore An son returned to England from a similar expedition. The more recent circumnavigations, which have taken place since the year 1760, chiefly under the munificent and enlightened patronage of George III. or in imitation of these, and which have largely contributed to extend, and almost to render perfect, the geography and hydrography of the terraqueous globe, are intended to form a separate division, in a subsequent part of our arrangement. vol. x. part i. a The The accurate knowledge which we now possess of the form and dimensions of this globe of earth and water which we inhabit, has been entirely owing to the superior skill ofthe moderns in the mathematical sciences, as applicable to the practice of navigation, and to the observation and calcula tion ofthe motions ofthe heavenly bodies, for the ascertain ment of latitudes and longitudes.

It would require more space than can be conveniently devoted on the present occasion, to give any clear view of the geographical knowledge possessed by the ancients, together with a history of the pro gress of that science, from the earliest times, neither do the nature and objects ofthe present Collection of Voyages and Travels call for any such deduction, of which an excellent epitome will be found in the History of Geography, prefixed to Playfair's System of Geography. The ancients laboured under almost absolute incapacities for making extensive voyages or discoveries by sea, proceeding from ignorance of the form and dimensions of the earth, and other causes. They were but indifferently versed in the practical part of astronomy, without which, and those instruments which have been invented almost exclusively by the moderns, for measuring the paths, distances, and relative po sitions of the heavenly bodies, it is impossible to launch out with any tolerable success or safety on the trackless ocean.

They were ignorant also of that wonderful property of the magnet or loadstone, which, pointing invariably towards the north, enables the modern mariner to know his precise course, at all times of the day or night, though clouds and thick mists may hide the luminaries of heaven from his ob servation, which were the only means of direction known to the ancients. Various systems and theories appear to have prevailed among the ancients respecting the figure and motion of the earth ; some justly enough supposing it to be a ball or sphere, suspended in infinite space, while others conceived it to be a flat surface, floating upon and surrounded by an intermin able ocean. The just conceptions of some ancient philoso phers, respecting the spherical figure of the earth, and its diurnal motion around its own axis, were superseded by others of a more popular nature, and forgotten for many ages.

Lactantius and Augustine, two fathers of the catholic church, unfortunately adopted the idea of the earth being a flat surface, infinitely extending downwards ; grounding this false CHAP. I. false notion upon a mistaken interpretation ofthe holy scrip tures, or rather seeking assistance from them in support of their own unphilosophical conceptions. So strongly had this false opinion taken possession of the minds of men, in our European world, even after the revival of learning in the west, that Galileo was imprisoned by the holy inquisitors at Rome for asserting the sphericity ol the earth, and the doc trine of antipodes, and had to redeem his liberty and life, by writing a refutation of that heretical doctrine, which satis fied the inquisitors, yet convinced the world of its truth. Columbus assuredly grounded his grand discovery of Ame rica upon the knowledge of the earth being a sphere ; and had not the new western world intervened, his voyage had pro bably been the first circumnavigation, ln modern times, an idea has been advanced that Columbus only retraced the steps of some former navigator, having seen certain parts of the grand division ofthe world which he discovered, already delineated on a globe.

It were improper to enter upon a refutation of this idle calumny on the present occasion ; yet it is easy to conceive, that the possessor of that globe, may have rudely added the reported discoveries of Columbus, to the more ancient delineations. At all events, Columbus was the first person who conceived the bold idea that it was prac ticable to sail round the globe. From the spherical figure of the earth, then universally believed by astronomers and cosmographers, in spite of the church, he inferred that the ancient hemisphere or continent then known, must of ne cessity be balanced by an equiponderant and opposite conti nent. And, as the Portuguese had discovered an extensive track by sailing to the eastwards, he concluded that the op posite or most easterly coast of that country might certainly be attained, and by a nearer path, by crossing the Atlantic to the westwards.

The result of this profound conception, by the discovery of America, has been already detailed in the Second Book of this collection ; and we now proceed in this Fourth Book to detail the various steps of other naviga tors, in prosecution of this grand design of surrounding the globe, in which many curious and interesting discoveries have been made, and by which geographical knowledge and practical navigation have been brought to great degrees of perfection. Before commencing the narrative appropriated for this division of our arrangement, it is proper to give the following ing complete table' of all the circumnavigators, within the period assigned to the present portion of this collection ; with The names of the ports from which they sailed, and the dates of their respective voyages, and returns. — Ed. Returned.

Sept. 8, 1522. Sept. 16, 1580. Sept. 9, 1588. Aug. 26, 1601. July 1, !617. July 1, 1617. Jan. 21, 1626. Oct. 12, 1686. Sept 16, 1691. Aug. 1706. Oct. 1, 1711. June, 1722. Aug. 1, 1722. July II, 1723. June 15, 1744. Sailed from Seville, in Spain, Plymouth Sound, Plymouth, - J ('oeree, - - '• Texel, , Texel, - - ' Goeree, - - , A chamack, in Virginia, . Achamack, the Downs, Bristol, Plymouth, Plymouth, Texel, St Helens, - - I Aug. 10,1519. Dec. SO, 1577. July 25, 1586. Sept. 13,1598. Aug. 8, 1614. June 24, 1615. April 29, 162". Aug. 23, 1683. Aug. 28, 1683. Aug. 9, 1703. June 15, 1708. Feb. 15, 1719. Feb. 15, 17*9. July 17, 1721. Sept. 18, 1740. 1. Ferdinand Magellan, 2. Sir Francis Drake, 3. Sir Thomas Candi.h, 4. Oliver van Noord, 5. George Spilbergeny, 6. Shouten andLeMair, 7. Nassau fleet, 8 Cowley/ 9.

William Dampier,* 10. Dampier andFunnel, 1 1 . Wood Rogers, and 7 Courtney, $ 12. John Clapperton, 13. George Shelvocke, 14. Roggewein, 1 5. George Anson,

Chapter I. Voyage Of Ferdinand Magellan Round The World, In

1519—1522." Section I. Some Account of Magellan, previous to the Commencement cf his Voyage. OWING to the discoveries made under the authority of the sovereign of Castile, the Portuguese were excess ively jealous of the safety of their possessions in the East Indies. At length, after various negociations, the authority of * These two are conjoined in Chap. VIII. of this book, for reasons which will there appear sufficiently obvious. — E. 1 Harris' Collection, I. 6. The utmost pains have been taken to narrate this expedition in the clearest manner, by comparing all the different rela tions ofthe Spanish and Portuguese writers. We regret much, however, the loss of a large history of this voyage, by P. Marty r,iwh ich was burnt in the sack of Rome, when taken by the Constable de" Bourbon. — Harris.

I. 5 of the pope was interposed, then considered as supreme among the princes of Europe who were in communion with the church of Rome. By a bull or papal decree, all countries discovered, or to be discovered, in the East, were declared to belong to the crown of Portugal, and all that were found in the west were to be the property of Spain. Yet this measure rather smothered than extinguished the flames of contention ; as both courts readily listened to any proposals that tended to aggrandise the one at the expence of the other. This spirit of contention between the courts of Spain and Portugal, gave occasion to several men of enterprise, who happened to be dissatisfied by the delays or refusal of either of these courts, in countenancing their projects, to apply themselves for employment to the other Among those who took this method of advancing their fortunes, was Ferdinand Magalhaens, now generally known by the name of Magellan.

He was a gentleman of good family in Portugal, who had addicted himself from his youth to maritime affairs, and had acquired great skill both in the theory and practice of navigation. He seemed formed by nature for the achievement of great exploits, having all the qualities requisite to compose the character ofa truly great man. With a courage which no danger could appal, he possessed the utmost calmness of temper and sweetness of disposition, by which ail who conversed xvith him were engaged to love and esteem his character. He was naturally eloquent, both in illustrating and proving the reasonableness of his own opinions, and iu converting others from their erroneous preconceived notions. Above all, he possessed that steady and persevering resolution, which not only enabled him to vanquish the greatest difficulties, but gave such appearance of success to every thing he promised or undertook, as secured the confidence of ail who were under his command.

As these extraordinary qualities would have distinguished him in any station of life, so they were remarkably useful in the present enterprise, by which he gained immortal reputation, although he lost his lite before its completion. Don Ferdinand Magellan had served with much credit in India, under the famous Albuquerque, and thought that he merited some recompence for his services; but all his appli cations were treated with coldness and contempt by the great, which was intolerable to a person of his spirit. He asso ciated, therefore, with men of like fortunes, whose merits had had been similarly neglected, and particularly with one Ruy Falero, a great astronomer, whom the Portuguese represented as a conjuror, retiring along with him to the Spanish court, where he made propositions for new discoveries to Cardinal Ximenes, who was then prime minister of Spain.

The Portuguese ambassador used all imaginable pains to counteract these designs, and solicited the court to deliver up Magellan and his companion as deserters, even representing Magellan as a bold talkative person, ready to undertake any thing, yet wanting capacity and courage for the performance of his projects. He even made secret proposals to Magellan, offering him pardon and great rewards to desist from his present purpose, and to return to the service of his own sovereign. All these arts were unavailing, as the Spanish ministry, now competent judges of these matters, were satis fied of the probability of the discoveries proposed by Ma gellan and his coadjutor Falero, who were both received into favour, made knights of the order of St Jago, and had their own terms granted to them. The grounds on which this expedition was founded were as follow.

The opinion advanced by Columbus, of the pos sibility of reaching the East Indies by sailing to the west, was assumed as certainly well founded, though he had not been able to accomplish it: and it was asserted, that it could not be attended with any insuperable difficulty to sail from the South Sea, then recently discovered, to the Molucca Islands. The grand desideratum was to find a passage west wards, from the Atlantic Ocean into the new-found South Sea, which they expected might be met with through the Rio de la Plata, or by some other opening on that eastern coast of South America. Should this succeed, Spain might then reap the benefit of both the Indies ; since, if this disco very were made by way of the west, it would then fall ex pressly within the grant of the papal bull to Spain.

In consequence of these proposals, it was agreed that Magellan and the other adventurers were to be furnished by the crown of Spain with five ships, manned by 234 men, with provisions for two years; and that the adventurers should reap a twentieth part of the clear profit, the govern ment of any islands they might discover to be vested in them and their heirs for ever, with the title of Adelantado. The agreed fleet of five ships was accordingly fitted out for the. expedition at Seville, consisting of the Trinidada, in which Magellan Magellan sailed as admiral, and having a Portuguese pilot named Stephen Gomez ; the Santa Victoria, commanded by Don Luis de Mendoza ; the St Antonio, Don Juan de Car thag.na; the St Jago, Don Juan Serrano; and the Con ception, Don Gaspar de Quixada. According to some au thors, the number of men in these five ships amounted to 237, though by most they are said to have been 2.50, among whom were thirty Portuguese, upon whom Magellan chiefly depended for naval skill ; as he likewise did greatly upon Serrano, who had left the service of Portugal in like manner with himself, after having served for many years in India, and some time in the Moluccas, of which islands they were now going in search.

Section II. Proceedings ofthe Voyage from Seville to Patagonia, and zcinterino' there. _ > Great hopes of success were entertained from this voy age, from the known experience of the commanders, although its real object was carefully concealed by Magellan, who merely gave out to the other adventurers that it was intend ed for the discovery of new countries, by which they believed themselves bound to the certain acquisition of gold. They set sail from Seville, in high expectations of acquiring riches, on the 10th of August, 1519. The 3d October, the fleet arrived between Cape Verd and the islands of that name. After being detained by tedious calms on the coast of Gui nea for seventy days, they at last got to the south ofthe line, and held on their course to the coast of Brazil, of which they came in sight in about the latitude of 22° S. They here procured abundant refreshments of fruits, sugar-canes, and several kinds of animals.

Proceeding about 2_ degrees farther south, they came into a country inhabited by a wild sort of people, of prodi gious stature, fierce and barbarous, and making a strange roaring noise, more like the bellowing of bulls, than human speech. Notwithstanding their prodigious bulk, these peo ple were so nimble that none of the Spaniards or Portuguese were swift enough to overtake them. At this place there was a fine river of fresh water, the mouth of which was fully seventeen seventeen leagues wide, in which there were seven islands, the largest of which they named the island of St Mary, where they procured some jewels.1 Proceeding along this coast towards the south, they fell in with two islands so abounding in seals and penguins, that they might have laden all their five ships with them in a short time.

The penguins are a black, heavy, unwieldy fowl, extremely fat, covered with a sort of down instead of feathers, and having a bill like that ofa raven; drawing their entire subsistence from the sea, as fish is their only food. They next advanced to about the latitude of 49° 30' S. where they were forced to remain for five months, owing to the severity of the weather, it being now winter in these southern parts. They here passed their time very unpleasantly, and for a long time believed the country to be uninhabited, but at length a savage came to visit them. He was a brisk jolly fellow, very merrily disposed, and came towards them singing and dancing. On coming to the shore of the haven in which the ships had taken refuge, he stood there for some time, throwing dust upon his head. This being observed, some persons were sent ashore to him in a boat, and making similar signs of peace ; and he came along with them on board, without any appearance of fear or hesitation.

The size and stature of this person was such as in some measure entitled him to be deemed a giant, the head of one of the ordinary-sized Spaniards only reaching to his waist, and he was proportionally large made. His body was painted all over, having a stag's horn delineated on each cheek, and large circles round the eyes. The natural colour of his skin was yellow, and his hair was white. His apparel con sisted of the skin of a beast, clumsily sewed together, covering his whole body and limbs from head to foot. The beast of which this was the skin, was as strange as the wearer, being neither mule, horse, nor camel, but partaking of all three, having the ears ofa mule, the tail ofa horse, and the body shaped like a camel. The arms of this savage consisted of a stout bow, having for a string the gut or sinew of that These jewels may possibly have been a few pearls.

The indications in the text are too vague to afford even a guess at the situation of the river and its seven islands ; only it may be mentioned, that the most northern part of the coast of Patagonia is in lat. .8° S. and that no river answering the description in the text is to be found on all that coast.— E. -HAP. I. SECT. II. or Voyages round the World. 9 that strange beast ; and the arrows were tipped with sharp stones, instead of iron heads. The admiral made this man be presented. with meat and drink, of which he readily partook, and seemed to enjoy him self very comfortably, till happening to see himself in a mirror which was given him among other toys, he was so frightened that he started back and overturned two ofthe men, and did not easily recover his composure. This giant fared so well, that several others came to visit the ships, and one of them behaved with so much familiarity and good humour, that the Europeans were much pleased with him.

This person shew ed them one of the beasts in the skins of which they were cloathed, from which the foregoing description must have been taken.1 Being desirous to make prisoners of some of these giants, Magellan gave orders for this purpose to some of his crew. Accordingly, while amusing them with toys, they put iron shackles on their legs, which at first they con ceived had been fine ornaments like the rest, and seemed pleased with their jingling sound, till they found themselves hampered and betrayed. They then fell a bellowing like bulls, and imploring the aid of Selebos in this extremity, whom they must therefore have conceived some good and compassionate being, as it is not to be conceived they would crave relief from an evil spirit. Yet the voyagers reported strange things, of horrible forms and appearances frequently seen among these people, such as horned demons with long shaggy hair, throwing out fire before and behind : But these seem mere dreams or fables.

Most of the natives of this country were dressed in the skins of beasts, similarly to the one who first visited them. Their hair was short, yet tied up by a cotton lace or string. They had no fixed dwellings, but used certain moveable huts or tents, constructed of skins similar to those in which they were cloathed, which they carry with them from place to place, as they roam about the country. What flesh they are able to procure, they devour quite raw without any kind of cookery, besides which their chief article of food is a sweet root, which they name capar. The voyagers report that these savages were very jealous of their women ; yet do not men tion having seen any. Their practice of physic consists in bleeding 1 This must have been a Lama, Paca, or Chilihueque, of the camel ge nus, vulgarly called Peruvian sheep.— E. bleeding and vomiting : The former being performed by giving a good chop with some edge tool to the part affected ; and the latter is excited by thrusting an arrow half a yard down the throat of the patient.

These people, to whom Ma gellan gave the name of Patagons, are so strong, that when one only was attempted to be'made prisoner of by nine Spa niards,'he tired them all; and, though they got him down, and even bound his hands, he freed himself from his bonds, and got away, in spite of every endeavour to detain him. Besides capar, the name of a root already mentioned, and which likewise they applied to the bread or ship's biscuit given them by the Spaniards, the only words reported of their language are ali water, amel black, cheiche red, cherecai red cloth ; and Setebos and Ckeleule are the names of two be ings to whom they pay religious respect, Setebos being the supreme, and Cheleu/e an interior deity. The haven in which they remained there five months, was named by Magellan, Port St Julian, of which and the sur rounding country they took solemn possession for the crown of Spain, erecting a cross as a signal of sovereignty.

But the principal reason of this long stay was in consequence of a mutiny which broke out, not only among the common men, but was even joined or fomented rather by some of the cap tains, particularly by Don Luis de Mendoza, on whom Ma gellan had placed great reliance. On this occasion Magellan acted with much spirit ; for, having reduced the mutineers to obedience, he brought their ringleaders to trial for plotting against his life ; hanged Don Luis de Mendoza and a few others ofthe most culpable; leaving Don Juan de Carthagena and others, who were not so deeply implicated, among the Patagons. The weather growing fine, and the people being reduced to obedience, Magellan set sail from Port St Julian, and pursued his course to the latitude of 51° 40' S. where finding a convenient port, with abundance of fuel, water, and fish, he remained for two months longer.

Section III. Prosecution ofthe Voyage, till the Death of Magellan. Again resuming the voyage, they proceeded along the eastern shore of Patagonia to the latitude of 52° S. when the entrance entrance into the famous straits still known under the name of Magellan were discovered, through which the squadron continued its voyage, finding these straits about 110 leagues in length, from east to west, with varying breadths, in some places very wide, and in others not more than half a league across; the land on both sides being high, rugged, and uneven, and the mountains covered with snow. On reaching the western end of these straits, an open passage was found into the great South Sea, which sight gave Magellan the most unbounded joy, as having discovered that for which he had gone in quest, and that he was now able practicably to de monstrate what he had advanced, that it was possible to sail to the East Indies by way of the West.