The Additional Annotations in the second edition of Bishop Burnet's History [i.e. the Oxford edition of 1833] ... accommodated to the pages of the first edition

Front matter

BISHOP BURNETS HISTORY OF HIS OWN TIME. BISHOP BURNET'S HISTORY OF HIS OWN TIME: FROM THE RESTORATION OF CHARLES II. TO THE TREATY OF PEACE AT UTRECHT, IN THE REIGN OF QUEEN ANNE. a Cufttun, WITH HISTORICAL AND BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES. LONDON : WILLIAM SMITH, 113, FLEET STREET. MDCCCXXXVIII. LONDON : BRADBURY AND EVANS, PRINTERS, WH1TEFRIARS.

ADVERTISEMENT.

. In publishing the present edition of this Standard History, au attempt has been made to effect a combination of elegant typography, with the greatest possible degree of cheapness ; and it is presumed that a reference to the appearance and price of the volume, will sufficiently prove the practicability of the experiment. Another motive to publish this Work in its present form, existed in a desire to circulate as widely as possible the best history of that period of our existence as a nation, which is by far the most interesting to every lover of freedom. With the view of rendering the Work more acceptable, numerous biographical notices, as well as remarks on the most important historical events, have been introduced ; and, as a whole, the present, it is hoped, will be found the most correct and useful edition of this celebrated History that has appeared. CONTENTS.

Book I. Page

The distractions during King James's minority . 1 The practices of the House of Guise . . ib. King James in the interest of England . . 2 A censure of Spotswood's History . . ib. King James studies to gain the papists . . 3 And to secure the succession to the crown of England . . . ib. That king's errors in government . . ib. He sets up episcopacy in Scotland . . ib. With a design to carry matters further . 4 Errors of the bishops . . . ib. Prince Henry was believed to be poisoned . . ib. The Gunpowder Plot . . .ib. King James was afraid of the Jesuits . . 5 The Elector Palatine's marriage . . ib. The affairs of Bohemia . ib. The disorders in Holland . . .6 Some passages of the religion of some princes . 0*. King James parted with the cautionary towns . 7 King James broke the greatness of the crown . ib.

Other errors in his reign . 8 His death . . . .ib. The puritans gained ground . . . 9 Gown 's conspiracy . . .ib. King Charles at first a friend to the puritans . 10 He designed to recover the tithes and church lands in Scotland to the crown . . . ib. He was crowned in Scotland . .11 Balmerinoch's trial . . . . 12 He was condemned . . .14 But pardoned . . . . ib. A liturgy prepared . . . ib. The feebleness of the government . - 15 Saville's forgery prevailed on the Scots . ib. The characters of the chief of the covenanters . ib. The Scots came into England . .16 Great discontents in England . . . ib. The ill state of the king's affairs . . 17 An account of the Earl of Stafford's being given up by the king . . . . 19 The new model of the presbytery in Scotland . 20 The chief ministers of the party . . , ib.

Their studies and other methods . • 21 Their great severity . . . . ib. Conditions offered to the Scots . - 22 Montrose's undertakings . . . ib. Good advices given to the king . ■ 23 But not followed . . • ib- Antrim's correspondence with the king and queen 24 The original of the Irish massacre . ■ 25 Cromwell argues with the Scots concerning the king's death . . . , ib. PAr.s The opposition of the general assembly to the parliament . . . .26 The ministers made an insurrection • . ib. The treaty in the Isle of Wight . . 27 Cromwell's dissimulation . ib. The men chiefly engaged in the taking the king's life 28 The kind's behaviour . ib. The affair of Rochelle . . .29 A design of making the Spanish Netherlands a commonwealth . . 30 The ill effects of violent counsels . . ib. The account of Eixwv Bair.A.x-Jj . . 31 The Scots treat with King Charles II. . . 3*2 Montrose's offers . . .34 And death . . ib.

The defeat at Dunbar . . .35 Disputes about the admitting all persons to serve their country . . . . 36 Great hardships put on the king . . 37 Scotland was subdued by Monk . . 38 A body stood out in the Highlands . . ib. Sir Robert Murray's character . . . 39 Messages sent to the king . . . ib. The state of Scotland during the usurpation . 40 Disputes among tlte covenanters . . ib. Methods taken on botli sides . ..41 Some of Cromwell's maxims . - 42 His design for the kingship . . . 44 Cromwell's engagement with France . . 46 The king turned papist . • • **'" Cromwell's design on the West Indies . 49 His zeal for the protestant religion . . 50 A great design for the interest of the protestant religion . ■ • " . Some passages in Cromwell's life . • ib. His moderation in government . • -5* His public spirit . • • l"- All the world was afraid of him . • 53 The ruin of his family • ' ' .

Great disorders followed . • • "*■ All turn to the king's side . -6 Care taken to manage the army . • 57 A new parliament . • ' -o They call home the king without a treaty . j9

Book II

1660. Many went over to the Hague . fi0 The nation was overrun with vice and drunki nness 1 1 b. The king's character . ■ ' r-*> Clarendon's character CONTENTS, 1(361. page Vane's character • • • 107 And execution • • • • 108 The king gave himself up to bis pleasures • ib. The act of indemnity maintained • -112 1662. The king's marriage • • • • ib. An alliance proposed from France * • 1 13 The Duke of York's marriage • ■ • ib. The duke's character ■ • -114 The duchess's character • ■ * 115 The Duke of Gloucester's character • • 116 The prospect of the royal family much changed . ib. Schomberg went through England to Portugal • 117 Dunkirk sold to the French • • ib. Tangier a part of the queen's portion * • ib. The manner of the king's marriage • 113 The king lived in an avowed course of lewdness * 119 1660.

The settlement of Ireland ■ • ib. The bishops who had then the greatest credit • 120 Debates concerning the uniting with the presby-"! terians • • • -121 A treaty in the Savoy . ■ ■ 122 1661. The terms of conformity made harder • 124 The act of uniformity ■ ■ • 125 The great fines then raised on the church estates ill applied - - - -126 Divines called Latitudinarians • * • 127 Hobbes's Leviathan • • . 128 A character of some divines . • -129 The way of preaching which then prevailed * 131 1662. The act of uniformity executed with rigour • ib. The royal society • ■ ib. Consultations among the papists ■ • 133 A declaration for toleration • ib. Desigued fur the papists • • -ib. 1663. Bristol's designs • • 134 He accused Clarendon in the House of Lords . 135 A plot discovered • • . 136 The design of a war with the States • • ib.

The affairs of Scotland - - -137 Middlcton was accused by Lauderdale • • ib. And turned out of all . . • 139 Warriston's execution • • • ib. An act against conventicles • . ib. The constitution of a national synod . • 140 An act offering an army to the king ■ . ib. 1664. Sharp drove very violently • • . 141 Lauderdale gave way to it • . ib. Burnet archbishop of Glasgow . ib. A view of the state of affairs in Holland and France • • • .ib. Sharp aspired to be chancellor of Scotland • • 142 Rothes had the whole power of Scotland put in his hands • ■ • -143 1665. Illegal and severe proceedings in Scotland . • ib. Turner executed the laws in a militarv way • 144 Sharp studies to bring Middleton into business again . . . • . 145 More forces raised in Scotland • • ib. PAGE Ormond's character . . .63 Southampton's character . ib.

Shaftesbury's character . . .64 Anglesey's character . 65 Hollis's character . . .ib. Manchester's character . 66 Roberts's character . . . ib. Clarges's character . . . 67 Morrice's character . . .ib. Nicolas's character . . 68 Arlington's character . . .ib. Buckingham's character . 69 Bristol's character • . .ib. Lauderdale's character . 70 Crawford's character . . . ib. Rothes's character . . 71 Tweedale's character . . .ib. Duke Hamilton's character . ib. Kincardine's character . , .ib. The general character of the old cavaliers . . 72 Primrose's character . . .ib. Fletcher's character . . ib. Advices offered in Scottish affairs . . ib. For a general indemnity . 73 Argyle sent to the Tower , . .ib. The citadels of Scotland demolished . . ib. Disputes concerning episcopacy . . 74 A ministry settled in Scotland . 75 A council proposed to sit at court for Scottish affairs . . . . .76 The committee of estates meet in Scotland . . 77 A parliament in Scotland . . .ib. 1661.

The Lords of the articles • 78 The acts passed in this session • • ib. An act rescinding all parliaments held since the year 1633 . . . 79 It was not liked by the king ■ ■ 80 The presbyterians in great disorder • * 81 Argyle's attainder • ■ • 82 And execution * • 84 The execution of Guthry, a minister • • ib. Some others were proceeded against - • 85 Middleton gave an account of all that had passed in parliament to the king • • 86 It was resolved to set up episcopacy in Scot • land . . . 87 Men sought to be bishops ■ * .88 Bishop Leighton's character ■ 89 The Scottish bishops consecrated • • 62 1662. The meetings of the presbyterians ■ • 93 The new bishops came down to Scotland • 94 They were brought into parliament • • ib. Scruples about the oath of supremacy • 95 Debates about an act of indemnity • • 96 It was desired that some might be incapacitated • 97 Lorn condemned . • 98 Some incapacitated by ballot ■ • 99 The king was displeased with this • . ib.

Great pains taken to excuse Middleton ■ 100 The preshyterian ministers silenced • ■ ib. A general character of them • -102 Prejudices infused against episcopacy • • 103 1660. The affairs of England - • -104 Clarendon's just and moderate notions • • ib. Tenner's fury .... ib. The trial and execution of the regicides • ■ CONTENTS. ix 1666. PAGE Some eminent clergymen offended at these proceedings • • - 146 Some of the grievances of the clergy laid before the bishops ■ • • 147 1664. Affairs in England • • • ib. The Dutch war • • ib. 1665. The plague broke out at the same time • 148 The victory at sea not followed • ib. An account of the affairs in Holland . ■ 149 The parliament at Oxford ■ ■ • 151 The designs of the commonwealth party • 153 The Duke of York's jealousy * ib. His amours • • ■ • ib. 1666.

The fleet almost quite lost, and happily saved by Prince Rupert • • 154 The fire of London • « 155 It was charged on the papists • ib. A strong presumption of it • • ■ ib. Disorders in Scotland - * 157 A rebellion in the west ■ • 158 The defeat given the rebels at Pcntland Hill ■ 159 Severe proceedings against the prisoners • ib. 1667. The king is more gentle than the bishops • • 160 A change of counsel, and more moderation in the government . ■ • 1 6 1 The Dutch fleet came into the Frith * * 163 And went to Chatham, and burnt our fleet • ib. A great change in Lauderdale's temper ■ 164 Scotland was very well governed • - 165 Great complaints made of the clergy ■ • 166 Affairs in England • • • 167 Clarendon's disgrace . • • il>. Southampton's death • • -ib. The Irish sought the protection of France • • 168 The Duke of Richmond's marriage • * ib.

Bridgman made lord keeper - ■ • 170 The French king's pretensions to Flanders • 171 Clarendon's integrity - • . ib. He was impeached in the House of Commons • 172 The king desired he would go beyond sea • ib. He was banished by act of parliament • -173 The character of his two sons • * ib. The king was much offended with the bishops • 175 1668. A treaty for a comprehension of the presbyterians ib. The city of London rebuilt • -176 Designs for putting away the queen . ■ ib. A divorce enacted for adultery • * 177 A great dissolution of morals in court • • 178 Many libels written by the best wits of that time • 179 Sir William Coventry's character * • 180 The government of Ireland changed • i 181 The committee of Brook House ■ • ib. Halifax's character • ■ .ib. 1669. Many parliament men gained by the court • • 182 Coventry's nose was cut - • -ib.

A new prosecution of conventicles • .183 The king went commonly to the House of Lords * 184 The Prince of Orange came to the king * 185 The affairs of Scotland • • • ib. PAGK A treaty for au accommodation with the presbyterians in Scotland • . -185 An indulgence proposed - . . 187 An attempt to murder Sharp . • ib. Sharp proposed the indulging some ministers that did not conform • ■ • • 1 88 Propositions for the union of the two kingdoms • 189 The king gave orders for the indulgence . • ib. This complained of as against law • -190 A parliament in Scotland ■ • • lyi The supremacy carried very high ■ • ib. An act for the county-militia • • • 192 Burnet turned out, aud Leighton made Archbishop of Glasgow • . . -193 The state I found things in at Glasgow • • ib. A committee of council sent round the west • ib. 1670.

Instructions for an accommodation • 194 Leighton's advice to his clergy • - ib. A conference between Leightun and some presbyterians * . . '195 New severities against conventicles • • 196 The presbyterians resolved to reject the offers made them . . . .197 Some conferences upon that subject • -198 At last they refused to accept of the concessions • ib. Censures passed upon this whole matter • • 199 1671. The memoirs of the Dukes of Hamilton were written by me at that time . • ib. A further indulgence proposed • • • 200 Foreign affairs * . • • 201 An alliance with France set on foot . - ib. The Duchess of Orleans came to Dovor . ib. Soon after was poisoned . ib. Some of her intrigues • • . 202 The treaty with Fiance negotiated • * 203 Lockhart sent to France • • -ib. Pretended reasons for the Dutch war • • 204 1672.

The shutting up of the exchequer . * ib. The attempt on the Dutch Smyrna fleet • • 205 A declaration for toleration ■ ■ ib. The presbyterians gave the king thanks for the toleration . . . 206 The Duchess of York died • ■ 207 The first crisis of the protestant religion ■ 208 The second crisis • • .ib. The third crisis ■ • ib. The Spanish fleet came not as at first intended • 209 The fourth crisis . . • 210 Differences between Maurice, Prince of Orange, and Bameveldt . • • 211 Prince Henry Frederic's wise government • ■ 212 His son's heat ■ • • -ib. The errors of De Wii's government • .213 The Prince of Orange made general • * 214 The fifth crisis ■ • . - ib. The French success • • .ib. But followed by an ill management • ■ 215 The Dutch in great extremities • .216 Ambassadors sent to England • . • ib.

The tragical end of De Wit • • 217 The Prince of Orange made stadtholder • ■ ib. The English ambassadors were wholly in the interest of France -.*■•" **** The character of Fagel • . • ib. Prince Waldeck • • -,19 Dyckvclt . • . . ib. X CONTENTS. TL PAGE The character of Halewyn . . .219 The prince studied to correct the errors he fell into at first • . ib. Van Beuning's character . . 220 Errors committed by the town of Amsterdam • ib. The prince animates the States to continue the war ib. The French king goes back to Paris • • 221 The Dutch saved by some extraordinary providence . . . . 222 Ossory intended to surprise Helvoetsluys . ib. An army from Utrecht came on the ice to Holland • . . . 223 Driven back by a sudden thaw • . ib. Painevine's sentence ■ ib. A French mistress made Duchess of Portsmouth • 224 The affairs of Scotland - ib.

Lauderdale's great insolence • . 225 He expected addresses for a toleration . • ib. Designs from Holland to raise a rebellion in Scotland . . . - ib. A further indulgence • . . 226 Leighton resolved to retire, and to leave his sec • ib.

Book III

1673. Great jealousies of the king . . . 228 Schomberg brought to command the army • ib. The court was much divided • . . 229 A session of parliament . . -ib. The declaration was voted illec-al • ib. A bill for a new test • . - ib. The prudence of the dissenters . . . 230 Debates in the House of Lords • . ib. The variety of opinions in the king's council • 231 The French advise the king to yield to the parliament . • . . . ib. The king went into that suddenly . . ib. Clifford disgraced • . . • ib. Osborn made lord treasurer . . 232 A great supply was given . • • ib. The duke laid down all his commissions . 233 The duke treats for a second marriage • . ib. A treaty opened at Cologne . . 234 Lord Sunderland's character • . . ib. The treaty broke off . 235 The affairs of Scotland - . • . ib. Lauderdale's design . . . 236 The king liked my Memoirs • • ■ ib.

And showed me great favour . • . -ib. My conversation with the duke . • • ib I carried Dr. Stillingflcct to him • . 237 The duke's marriage opposed by the Commons • 239 A parliament in Scotland .... 240 A party formed against Lauderdale . . ib. He offers to redress grievances in council . • 241 1674. A dispute raised about the lords of the articles . ib. The proceedings in the parliament of England . ib. Finch's character . 24*5) A peace concluded with the States • . . 243 The king became the mediator of the peace . 244 The duchess's character • • • ib. Coleman's character • . , 245 The affairs of Scotland . ■ • ib The parliament was prorogued • . ib Dalrymple's character • . • ib. The clergy was much provoked . . jb. A great distraction in Scotland . . . 246 Lauderdale's proceedings there • 'ib.

PAGP I was disgraced • • ■ 247 The ministers turn to the church ■ • 248 Correspondence with Holland discovered • - 249 Jealousies ot* the Prince of Orange * • ib. Druramond was ordered to prison • - -ib. The battle of Seneff • 250 Arlington went to Holland • . .251 Temple sent ambassador to Holland • • ib. 16/5. Affairs in England . . • 252 I was examined by the House of Commons . ib. Sir Harbottle Grimstone's character • • 253 Dauby attacked, but in vain • ■ » 254 Seymour's character • • ib. Debates concerning a test • « • 255 A dispute about appeals and privileges • • 256 The session broke upon it 257 A session of parliament • • ib. The characters of some parliament men • 258 1676. A loDg interval between the sessions of parliament 260 An account of some passages of Lockhart's courage in France • . . .ib.

Management in France - • • 261 The character of some bishops . • ib. The projects of the papists • . • 262 Colcman's intrigues • . . 263 A conference between Coleman and some divines 264 I undertook to write the History of our Reformation ib. The earl of Essex's character . ib. His employment in Denmark . . ib. And his government of Ireland . . . 265 The affairs of Scotland . . . 266 1677. A question raised in England about the legality of a prorogation . . . 267 The Lords that moved it sent to the Tower . 268 Proceedings in parliament . . . 269 Affairs in Flanders . . jD The French King declined a battle when offered by the Prince of Orange . . . ib. Cambray and St. Omer taken . . 270 The House of Commons pressed the king to engage in the war . , jD Danby declared against France . 271 The Prince of Orange came into England . 272 He married the Duke's daughter . 273 1678.

Supplies given towards the war . 274 The French take Ghent jb The affairs of Scotland . . ia,' Mitchell's trial . . And condemnation . . ' ojr The administration there grew very violent and illegal . . . . 277 An army of Highlanders sent to the west upon free quarter . . ,. Many of the nobility came up to complain to the' k,Dg • • . .278 But the king would not see them ib A convention of estates gives money, and justifies the administration . . 97Q Affairs in England . ' •. The House of Commons grew jealous of the Court ib! Affairs abroad . 0oa The popish plot . ° <>81 Oates's character . _ ' 282 His discovery . ., CONTENTS. XI PAGE Coleman and his papers seized . . . 283 Coleman's letters confirm it . , ib. Godfrey is murdered . . 284 His body was found . . . 285 Oates made a new discovery . ib.

Bedlow's evidence . . . 286 Other proofs that seemed to support the discovery 287 Carstairs's practices . . ib. Staley's trial . . . .ib. The queen was charged as in the plot . . 288 A law passed for the test to be taken by both Houses 289 With a proviso for the duke • . ib. Coleman's trial , . ib. And execution . . . 290 The king's thoughts of this whole matter . ib. Dauby's letters to Montague are brought out . 291 And lie was impeached of high treason . 292 The parliament was prorogued . . ib. The trial of F. Ireland and some others . . 294 Dugdale*s evidence . . .ib. Prance discovers Godfrey's murder . . 295 Some condemned for it, who died denying it . 296 Scroggs was then lord chief justice . . 297 Jennison's evidence . . ib. Practices with the witnesses discovered . 298 Reflections upon the whole evideuce . . 299 1679.

A new parliament . . 300 The duke sent beyond sea . . .ib. Danby pardoned by the king, but prosecuted by the House of Commons . . . 301 A new council ... . 302 Debates concerning the exclusion . . 303 Arguments used, for and against the exclusion . 304 Danby's prosecution . . . . 306 A great heat raised against the clergy . ib. The occasions that fomented that heat . . 307 Arguments for and against the bishops voting in the preliminaries, in trials of treason . ib. Stillingfleet wrote on this point . . 308 The trial of five Jesuits . ib. Langhorn's trial .... 309 And death . . .ib. Wakeman's trial . . ■ .310 He was acquitted . . . .311 Debates about dissolving the parliament . . ib. The affairs of Scotland . . .312 The Archbishop of St. Andrews is murdered"-. . ib. A rebellion in Scotland . . .313 Monmouth sent down to suppress it , . ib.

They were soon broken . . .314 The king taken ill, and the duke comes to court . ib. The many false stories spread to raise jealousy . 315 A pretended plot discovered, called the Meal-tub plot . . • .ib. Great jealousies of the king . . .316 Monmouth*s disgrace . . .ib. Petitions for a parliament . . . ib. Great discontents on all sides . .317 Godolphin's character . . . . ib. 1680. An alliance projected against France . ■ ib. The election of the sheriffs of London . 318 The bill of Exclusion taken up again . .319 Passed by the Commons . . .ib. But rejected by the Lords . . . 320 The House of Commons proceeded against some with severity . . . .ib. An association proposed . . • 3-1 Expedients offered in the House of Lords . ib. PAGE Duchess of Portsmouth's conduct in this matter little understood . ... 322 Stafford's trial . . . 323 He was condemned . . . 325 He sent for me, and employed me to do him service ib.

His execution . .... 326 1681. Motions in favour of the nonconformists . ib. The parliament was dissolved . . . 327 A new expedient of a prince regent . . ib. Fitzharris was taken . . ib. The parliament of Oxford was soon dissolved . 328 A great change in affairs . . . 329 The king's declaration . ib. Addresses to the king from all parts of England . ib. Fitzharris's trial . . . 330 Plunket, an Irish bishop, condemned and executed ib. Practices on Fitzharris at his death . 331,332 A protestant plot . . . .ib. Colledge condemned and died upon it . . ib. Sbaftesbury sent to the Tower . . 333 Practices upon witnesses . ib. I was then offered preferment . . ib. Halifax carried me to the king . . . 335 Sbaftesbury was acquitted by the grand jury . ib. 1682. Turbervill's death . . . 337 The affairs of Scotland . . .ib.

A parliament in Scotland . . . 338 Several accusations of perjury stifled by the duke 339 A test enacted in parliament . ■ 340 Objections made to the test . . • 341 Many turned out for not taking it . . ib. Argyle's explanation . . . 342 He was committed upon it . • ib. Argyle is tried and condemned . . ■ 343 He made his escape . . .ib. The duke comes to court . . . 344 A new ministry in Scotland . . .ib. They proceeded with great severity . . 345 Affairs in England . . • 246 All charters of towns were surrendered to the king ib. The dispute concerning the sheriffs of London 347 Carried by the court . . • ■ 348 Changes in the ministry, and quarrels among them ib. The arguments for and against the charter of London 350 Judgment given in the matter . ■ 3j1 Some other severe judgments . . . ib. 1683.

All people possessed with great fears . . 352 Monmouth and Russel at Shepherd's . . ib. Monmouth and some others meet often together . ib. They treat with some of the Scottish nation . 353 Other conspirators meet at the same time on designs of assassinating the king . - ■ 355 A plot is discovered ... * A forged story laid by Rumsey and West . ». Russel and some others were put in prison upon it 357 Monmouth and others escaped r. • ■ 358 Howard's confession . • The Earl of Essex was sent to the Tower . 360 The Lord Russel's trial . ... 361 He was condemned . .... oo2 His preparation for death - ... obo The trial and execution of Walcot and others . 364 Russel's execution . ■ • . ib. Russel's last speech . • ■ 365 Prince George of Denmark married the Princess Anne . . ... CONTENTS. PAGE The siege of Vienna . ... 366 The Author went to the court of France . 367 Characters of some he knew there . . ib.