A History of Greece, from the earliest times to the Roman conquest, etc

Front matter

PiJ/LsJudtn die St>a*\ for promoting Christum Enn*-lntae IS47 A HISTORY OF GREECE, FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES TO THE ROMAN CONQUEST By R. W. BROWNE, M.A. D.Ph. PEEBENDABY OF ST. PAUL'S ; PROFESSOR OF CLASSICAL LITERATURE IN KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON. PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE COMMITTEE OP GENERAL LITERATURE AND EDUCATION. APPOINT^to BY THE SOOIETT FOR PROMOTING ,_^DHRI5TIAN KNOWLEDGE. LONDON: PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE; SOLD AT THE DEPOSITORY, GREAT QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS; 4, ROYAL EXCHANGE ; 16, HANOVER STREET, HANOVER SQUARE ; AND BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. LONDON : R. CLAY, FR1N1EK, BREAD STREET HILL. fist as illustrates. m n, PAGE Temple of Theseus, Athens v Athenian Coin vii Mount Olympus and Ossa from the Plains of Thessalt . . 4 Plains of Akgos 6 Wall of the Citadel of Argos 11 Gate of Mycenæ 12 Remains of the Propylea, Athens 14, Hercules 15 Theseus 18 Panaihenaic Procession 19 Argo 20 Frieze of Temple of Apollo, at PniGALEiA, representing a Battle between the Greeks and Amazons 27 Ruins of the Temple of Jupiter at .Ægina 41 Didraciim or Tarentum .... 44 Gold Stater of Tarentum 45 Coin of Khodes 47 Frieze of the Parthenon 49 Periander 54 The Acropolis of Athens, from the Pnyx 55 Mars' Hill 61 Frieze of the Parthenon 64 Homer 68 Portion of the Western Frieze of the Parthenon, British Museum 72 Bacchus 80 The Tigris, near Nineveh 89 Cyrus 90 Lydian Siater op Sardis 91 Darius 92 Ancient Helmets 102 Tumuli, Fields of Marathon 104 Drachma of Ægina 108 Frieze of the Parthenon 124 Map of the Piræus 130 Bust of Pericles 141 AsrASiA. 142 Prisoners impaled 145 The Parthenon, Athens 148 Map of Megara 165 Battering Bam.

Siege of Platæa 169 Siege of Platæa 170 Map of Lesbos 174 Map of Platæa :v ILLUSTRATIONS. I* PAGE 183 Map of Corcyea ' ' ' 186 Coin of Sicily ! 188 Map of Navarino ' 194 Bare Medallion of Syracuse 'A. 2,01 Corinthian Coin * ' 202 Alcibiades ' 205 Argos and Neighbourhood ] 208 Syracuse * 210 Syracusan Decadrachma ] 212 Hermes ' 216 Syracuse 219 Coin of Syracuse ' 24.9 The Bema, in the Pnyx • 2g3 Temple of Apollo Phigaleia Theatre of Dionysus, at Athens | ' 867 Æschylus ' 259 Sophocles 262 Euripides ' 269 DlDRACHMA OF MaGNA-GrÆCIA gg Socrates ... Reverse of a Coin of Locris of Opunti f™ Coin of Amyntas of Macedonia. . . • "* Caryatid Figure, from the Erectheium, Athens Coin of Acanthus, Macedonia °J" Coin of Philippus II ' Demosthenes .... ■ Doric Peristyle * g^g Alexandria oon Tetradrachma of Alexander the Great £■">» Didrachma of Corinth g*" Damascus ' g^g ?™e : : : : : 349 Jerusalem 25j Babylon • o-s Tetradrachma op Alexander I. or Mvcedon _■■•••■■ 2S2 Reverse of a Tetradrachma of Alexander I. of Macedon . .

J58 Gold Pentadrachma of Ptolemy Soter "jo* Gold Octodraciima of Ptolemy Philadelphus jWO Coin of Perseus • "%; Doric Columns, Temple of Minerva, Corinth a»o Head of Minerva ™j* Menander .n7 P"TO ** Aristotle .i% Epicurus .-.? DlDRACHMA OF SYBAR1S AND REVERSE *i» Persian Daric **?; Tetradrachma of Thurium and Reverse 4-a Incused Reverse of a Coin of Sybaris 4j7 DlDRACHMA OF SYBARIS *<J7 Coin of Sicily **"a Map of Greece to face Title. Temple of Theseus, Athens.

Preface

. After all that has been done lately towards the investigation of Greek history, it is not to be expected that a work of so little pretension as this would com prehend any new facts. In most instances, however, the classical authorities have themselves been con sulted, and in some the Greek scholar will recognise paraphrases, or short summaries, of the narratives recorded by the ancient historians.

PREFACE.

. VI It has been thought advisable frequently to omit details and events of minor importance altogether, in order that room might be given for bringing forward more prominently those which have exercised an influence upon the world at large, and have taught grave political lessons to all generations. Some few of the political and social phases which the Hellenic communities went through, the author has ventured to illustrate by a reference to events of more modern times, and ideas familiar to modern readers. A few biographical anecdotes have been here and there interspersed in order to render the drier details of history more interesting to the young, for whose use more especially this little work is intended, but a selection has been made of those which are the best authenticated. The literary history necessarily occupies but a brief portion of the volume, but sufficient, it is hoped, to make the reader in some degree acquainted with the progress and development of Greek intellect, and to induce him to pursue the subject further in larger works.

The view of Greek philosophy is of course still shorter and more incomplete, but a longer notice would have involved the necessity of entering upon difficulties too great for such a work as this, and it is hoped that enough has been said on this subject to show how the wisest of men had " to feel after God,

PREFACE.

. VII if haply they might find him," when not helped by the light of revelation, and yet how mercifully He, who willeth that all should be saved, and come to the knowledge of the truth, permitted the Gentiles " to be by nature a law unto themselves." R. W. B. Athenian Coin THE HISTORY OP GREECE.