Historical Sketches of Andover ... Massachusetts

Front matter

(<- HISTORICAL SKETCHES 01 ANDOVER, :OMPRISING THE PRESENT TOWNS OF NORTH ANDOVER AND ANDOVER), MASSACHUSETTS. BY SARAH LORING BAILEY. None are so to build and plant for future centuries, as those noble-spirited men uho hat received their heritages from foregone ages. — Washington Irving. Neque, Si charts sileant quod bene feccris, Mercedem tuleris. — Horace. BOSTON*. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY. <L~t)t HiurrstBc Iprcss, CamtmSijr. 1880. Copyright, 1S80, BY SARAH LORING BAILEY. All rights reserved. The Riverside Press, Cambridge : Printed by H. O. Houghton and Company.

Preface

. When this book was announced with the title "Sketches of Old Andover," the intention of the writer was simply to make a collection of sketches of the romance and poetry of Old Andover his tory. But, subsequently, by request of friends, the task was un dertaken of arranging these in chronological order in the form of a continuous history. This necessitated changes, — in fact, an al most entire alteration of the original plan, — and was attended with unforeseen difficulties and delays. The great amount of material for history, the time and expense required for its collection, to say nothing of the labor of arranging it in a readable form and obtaining means for its publication, have been among the causes of delay. And even now oniy a portion of the history has been covered, al though the size of the book exceeds the expectation of the writer.

Yet, for many reasons it has been thought best not to make further change, either reduction or addition, but to present what has been accomplished. The work, therefore, is offered to the public not without a sense of its deficiencies and inadequacy, yet in the hope that it mav be not wholly devoid of interest and value. If the histories written by antiquaries and scholars, with ample facilities and abundant means, are found to contain errors, it will hardly be a matter of surprise that my sketches should prove faulty. But as no one else for fifty years has undertaken to search the ancient records for a connected history of the town, I venture to make the contribution, in the hope that it will at least awaken interest and stimulate research. Public spirited citizens and the towns them selves (North Andover and Andover) could hardly make a better appropriation of money than to found and endow an Old Ando ver Historical and Genealogical Society, which would possess means and influence to prosecute the work of historical research and collection. That such work may be done in the future and a complete and accurate history made of the town in all its depart-

PREFACE.

. ments of activity, none would more cordially desire or gladly aid in accomplishing than the writer of these " Historical Sketches of Andover." I desire to thank the various librarians of historical and genea logical societies and the custodians of records and archives, who have courteously rendered me assistance. To mention their names would be less to honor them than to adorn these pages. To the scholars and literary critics who took pains to examine the manuscript and who gave the influence of their opinion in the prospectus, I am under great obligation, which to repeat their names here would be to heighten. To the subscribers, whose generous gifts have secured the publication and illustration of the book, I am deeply indebted, especially to the gentlemen who in addition to their large subscription assumed the chief part of the pecuniary responsibility.

To the scientific scholar who kindly prepared the geological in troduction, not only the writer but the readers of these Sketches owe gratitude. His name is so well known that it does not need mention to friends of Andover, who will readily recognize the ini tials at the close of the chapter. It is unnecessary to rehearse here the names of authors and the works consulted in the preparation of the book, yet thanks are due to the families and individuals who have intrusted me with valuable private papers. In regard to one or two points in the book a word may be added. Some repetitions of statement occur in regard to persons and events in the several chapters, for the reason that the subject matter is arranged topically rather than in the form of annals, and each chapter is intended to be sufficiently comprehensive to be in a measure independent of the other chapters.

Many eminent names of Andover do not appear in these pages because the Sketches do not cover the departments of enterprise in which they were active, or the events in which they bore a conspicuous part. Some additional matter, and emendations and corrections, will be found in the Appendix. Following this are the names of the subscribers who secured the publication. S. L. B. North Andover, November, 1880. CONTENTS.

Introduction

. Prehistoric An dozer. PAGE Topographical Notes. — Mutilation and Unintelligibility of the earliest Rock Records. — Places where the Oldest Rocks appear and their Character. — Andover during the Middle Periods of Geologic Time. — Abundance and Plainness of the later Geological Record.— Places where Marks of the Glacial Epoch appear in the Rocks. — Remarkable Elevations Of the Glacial Period. — Character of the Series of Hills extending from Wood Hill to the Hills around Great Pond. — Origin of their Scientific Name " Lenticular " Hills. — Explanation of the Manner in which they were formed. — Remarkable Ridges of the Glacial Period. — Character and Extent of Ridges illustrated in the Plates. — Origin of the Scientific Name " Kames." — Characteristics, Height, Slope, and Composition of the Ridges. — Description of Indian Ridge by President Edward Hitchcock. — Explorations and Descriptions of the Ridges made by Rev. G. F. Wright. — Discoveries of Parallel Systems. — Difference of Opinion as to the Manner in which Kames were formed. — Most probable Theory. — Formation of the Ponds in Andover. — Possibility that Andover Ponds, Peat Bogs, and Kettle Holes may afford aid in determining the Antiquity of Man ........... 3 xxiv

Chapter I. Memorials Of The Early Settlers

Scantiness of Relics. — First Mention of the Vicinity of Andover. — First Action with Reference to Settlement. — Letters of Mr. Ward and .Mr. Woodbridge. — First Record of a Resident, Richard Barker. — First recorded Deed of Land, Mr. Bradstreet to Richard Sutton. — First Description. — Incorporation. — Name. — Mother Town in England. — List of first Freeholders. — Memorials of first Freeholders. — Mr. Simon Bradstreet, and his Draft of a Deed from Richard Sutton to George Abbot. — John Osgood, the first Representative to the General Court. — His Will and Inventory, Descendants, Burial-place. — John Stevens. — The Inventory of his Estate, his Descendants. — The Early Plantation. — Purchase from the Indians. — Roger's Reservation. — Laying out of the Village. — CONTENTS. VI 16: House-lot Rights. — Common Lands. — Dwelling-places of first Settlers. — Proprietors. — Mode of Taxation. — Town Meeting. — Action respecting Land Grants, Places of Abode, Roving Animals, Flocks and Herds. — Lawsuits and Troubles from Trespass of Domestic Animals. — Herdsmen and their Assistants. — Depreciations of Wild Beasts. — .

Hunting. — Den Rock, Wolf Pit Meadow, and other suggestive Local Names. — Negro Slavery. — Hired Servants. — Apprentices. — Day laborers. — Facilities for Communication with other Towns. — Roads. — Boats on the Merrimack River. — Vessels built at Andover. — Ferries. — Town Boundaries. — Land of Nod. — Mason's Claim. — Town Grants of Land. — Highways and Taverns. — Social Life. — Weddings. — Dress. — Sumptuary Laws. — Account in " The Magnalia " of the first Murder, a Wife by her Husband. — Memorials of Freeholders, continued. — Edmond Faulkner. — George Abbot, Senr. — John Frye. — Benjamin Wood bridge. — Richard Barker. — Daniel Poor. — Nicholas Holt. — Thomas Chandler. — John Lovejoy. — Andrew Foster, and other Fosters, Early Settlers in Andover. — William Ballard. — Joseph Parker. — Nathan Parker. — Robert Barnard. — Andrew Allen. — Other Names. — List of Citizens who took Oath of Allegiance in 1678. — Memoranda of Early Settlers, continued. — George Abbot of Rowley. — Daniel Bixby. — Wil liam Blunt. — John Bridges. — John Carlton. — Francis Dane. — The Farnums. — Robert Gray. — John Gutterson. — Henry Ingalls. — Thomas Johnson. — Lawrence Lacey. — Samuel Marble. — Marston, Martin, Phelps, Preston. — Joseph Robinson. — Robert Russell. — Salter. — Ses sions. — Stone. — Samuel Wardwell. — Joseph Wilson. — Edward Whittington. — Walter Wright. — List of Tax-payers, 1692. — Memoranda of Early Settlers, continued. — ■ John Aslebe. — Samuel Blanchard. — Henry Bodwell. — Pascoe Chubb. — Thomas Carrier. — Joseph Emery. — Edward Farrington. — Abraham Graves. — Moses Hagget. — Abra ham Mooar. — Andrew Peters. — Robert Swan. — Allen Toothaker. — Moses Tyler. — Robert Eimes. — The Bradstreet House. — The Citizens in Town Meeting. — Conduct in Town Meeting. — Times of Town Meet ings. — Tax Collection. — Action in Respect to the Revolution of 16S9. — List of Civil Officers in the First Fifty Years. — List of Town Officers and Description of some Offices and their Duties. — Reception of New comers. — Emigration. — Occupations of Citizens. — Mills. — Fisheries. — Distillery. — Stores and Trade. — Agriculture. — Lists of Names of Principal Families settled in the Second Fifty Years. — Memorials of Noted Families. — Phillips. — Kittredge. — Adams. — Peabody . . 1- i

Chapter II. The Part Of Andover In The Early Indian Wars

Aboriginal Inhabitants. —Treatment of the Natives. — Village of " Praying Indians" on the Merrimack. — Subjection of the Indians. — Military Organization at Andover. — List of Officers of Militia in the First Century. — Military Resources of the Colony described by E. R., 1676. — First Alarms of Hostile Indians at Andover. — Narraganset Soldiers from Andover. — Rumors and Alarms in the Spring of 1675. — Measures for Defence. — Garrisons, Stockades, etc. — Attack on Andover in April, 1676. CONTENTS. VII 193 — Panic in the Town. — Garrisons. — Soldiers Killed in the Kennebec Expedition. — Capt. Dudley Bradstreet's Measures for Defence. — A Lull in Hostilities. — Renewal of Fighting. — Change in the Militia of Essex County. — Measures for Defence of Frontier Towns Travellers Slain. — Second Attack on Andover, and Murder of Captain Chubb. — Contemporary Accounts. — Peace by the Treaty of Ryswick. — Queen Anne's War. — Military Defences at Andover. — Scouting. — Stock of Ammunition. — Snow-shoe Men. — Capt. Benjamin Stevens's Expedition to Winnipiseogee. — The Romantic Story of Chaplain Frye . . 163-

Chapter III. Witchcraft At Andover

Nature and Effects of the Delusion. — Witchcraft at Andover in 1658. — Beginning of the " Salem Witchcraft." — The Origin of the Delusion at Andover. — Spread of the Epidemic. — List of Persons Accused. — Trial and Execution of Martha Carrier. — Condemnation and Execution of Mary Parker. — Trial and Execution of Samuel Wardwell. — Trial, Condemnation, and Death of Ann Foster. — Trial, Condemnation, and Reprieve of Abigail Faulkner. — Trial and Condemnation of Elizabeth Johnson, Jr., and Mary Lacey, Jr. — Condemnation of Sarah Wardwell. — Sufferings of the Prisoner's Children. — Accusation of Elizabeth Johnson's Children. — Confessions of Mary Marston, William Barker, Mercy Wardwell, and Others. — Confession of Mrs. Mary Osgood. — Mode of extorting Confessions. — Colonel Bradstreet's Examinations of Witches. — Sufferings of Prisoners in the Jail. — Protests of the Rev. Francis Dane and Others. — Mr. Brattle's "Full and Candid Account." — Petition for Release of the Prisoners on Bail. — Court of Assizes and Jail Delivery, and Letters of Mr. Dane. — Petition of Andover Citizens. — Petition of the Accused Women. — Reaction of Public Feeling. — Penitence of the Accusers. — Remorse and Confession of Judge Sewall. — The Grave of Timothy Swan, killed by Witchcraft. — End of the Delusion 194

Chapter IV. The Part Of Andover In The French And Indian War

King George's War. — Deaths of Soldiers in the King's Service. — Petition of Capt. James Stevens for a Township. — Beginning of the Old French War. — Officers of the Fourth Essex Regiment of Militia. — Capt. John Abbot's Commission. — Kennebec River Expedition. — Petition of Daniel Mooar. — Cape Breton Expedition. — Colonel Frye's Men. — Petition of Jonathan Parker. — Petition of John Granger and Enoch Poor. — Destruction of Acadian Villages. — Acadians at Andover. — Andover Soldiers in Acadia. — Crown Point Expedition, 1755. — Deaths of Soldiers. — Petitions of Jacob Tyler, Sarah Stevens, John Barker, Israel Adams. — Oswego Expedition. — Petition of James Frye. — Letter of Rev. Samuel Chandler. — Crown Point Expedition, 1756. — Petitions of Stephen Lovejoy, Phineas Tyler, Hannah Johnson, James Parker CONTENTS. -285 for Margaret Furbush, Nicholas Holt. — Petition of Surgeon Ward Noyes. — Commission. — Petitions for Isaac Foster, John Foster, Joseph Abbot. — Campaign of 1757. — Service of Col. Joseph Frye. — Form of Enlist ments. — Sufferings of Colonel Frye. — Memorial of Moody Bridges. — Sufferings of Soldiers. — Action of Colonel Frye for a Township. — Efforts in Behalf of Prisoners. — Jesse Parker. — Military Movements, 1758. — Attack on Ticonderoga. — Expedition against Canada. — Peti tions of Capt. Asa Foster, John Farnum. — De Drucour at Andover. — Relics of Service, 1759. — Lieut. Jacob Farrington. — Moses Bailey. — Surgeon Abiel Abbot. — Mutiny of Colonel Frye's Men in Nova Scotia. — Expedition against Montreal. — Petitions of Oliver Holt, Capt. Peter Parker, John Beverly. ■ — Diary of Isaac Noyes. — Expenses of the War. — Names of Officers. — Captain Farrington. — Militia. — Representatives to the General Court. — Sergeant Jonathan French. — Close of the War. — Manners and Customs of the Period. — Petition of James Kittredge. — Petition of John Kittredge. — Effects of the War. — Petition of Select men. — Every-day Life of the Time- — Will of John Peabody. — The Pre- Revolutionary Period a Pleasant Picture ...... 238-

Chapter V. The Part Of Andover In The Revolutionary War

Discontent at Unjust Taxation. — Opposition to the Stamp Act. — Adherence to Law and Order. — Non-importation Act Approved. — Action respecting the Boston Massacre. — Persons refusing to Sign the Non-importation Act. — Conservatism of Representative Samuel Phillips. — Ardor of Representative Moody Bridges. — Feeling against Governor Gage. — Declaration in Support of the Provincial Congress. — Dignified Bearing of Andover during the Crisis before Hostilities. — Distinguished Patriots. — Committees of Circumspection and Safety. — Town Taxes paid to the Receiver-general instead of Governor Gage's Treasurer. — Military Preparation at the beginning of 1775. — Muster of Town Foot-companies. — Enlistment of Two Companies of Minute Men for One Year. — Choice of Officers. — Muster-roll of Capt. Thomas Poor's Company. — Muster-roll of Capt. Benjamin Ames's Company. — Patriotic Zeal of Col. Samuel Johnson in Enlisting Men for Service. — Address to his Regiment. — Invasion of Essex County by Royal Troops. — Encounter with Provincial Militia. — Mediation of Rev. Thomas Barnard.

Suspense of waiting for Military Action. — Lexington Alarm. — March of Companies from Andover. — Muster-rolls. -7- Lieut. Peter Poor (acting Captain). — Capt. Henry Abbot, Capt. Nathaniel Lovejoy, Capt. Joshua Holt. — Service of Adjutant-general Bimsley Stevens. — Major Samuel Osgood. — Major Dunbar of the Royal Army. — Visit to Mrs. Osgood at Andover. — Sketch of the Life of Mrs. Osgood by her Husband. — Andover Soldiers on the March to Lexington and Cambridge. — Extract from the Diary of Lieut. Benjamin Farnum. — Reminiscences of Captain Furbush. — Extract from Thomas Boynton's Diary. — Camp Life at Cambridge in the Spring of 1775, described in James Stevens's Diary.— Taking a Schooner. — Major Poor. — Patriotic Song. — Scenes after the Battle. — Letter of Mrs. Winthrop, her Flight and Refuge in Andover.

Contents

IX — Vigilance against Enemies without and within the Town. — Action of the Provincial Congress to withdraw Allegiance from Governor Gage. — Town of Andover endorses it, chooses Samuel Phillips, Jr., Esq., Repre sentative to the Congress. — His Important Service. — Col. Joseph Frye at Andover and Cambridge. — Battle of Bunker Hill. — Notes and Inci dents of Andover Men's Service. — Captain Ames's Company. — Captain Furbush's Company- — Captain Farnum's Company. — Sergeant Boyn ton's Description of the Battle. — Col. James Frye's Courage. — Private John Barker. — Salem Poor's Bravery. — Samuel Bailey's Death on the Field. — Losses of Companies. — Captain Farnum Wounded. — Anxiety at Andover. — Departure of Rev. Mr. French to Camp on Sunday. — Eminent Men of Andover at Cambridge. — Rev. David Osgood, his Feel ings in regard to the War. — Dr. Thomas Kittredge and other Surgeons and Physicians of the Time. — Col. Joseph Frye's Commission as Gen eral. — Refugees from Boston. — Nathaniel Appleton. — Joseph Hall. — Mrs. Lydia Smith. — Removal of Harvard College Library to Andover. — Extracts from the Diary of James Stevens describing Camp Life at Cambridge in the Summer of 1775. — Captain Furbush's Invitation to Dine with General Washington. — Col. James Frye's choleric Speech to General Washington. — Reinforcements to the Army about Boston. — Roll of Capt. John Abbot's Company. — Captain Farnum's Company. — Capt. John Peabody's Company. — Scarcity of Gunpowder. — Order of the General Court to put in Operation a Mill for its Manufacture at Stoughton. — Offer of Judge Phillips to build a Mill at Andover at his own Expense on certain Conditions. — Vote to grant him a Supply of Saltpetre, and to Purchase his Powder at Eight Pence per Pound. — Builder and Master-workman from the Mill at Stoughton secured. — Aid of Citizens Enlisted. — Mill put in Operation March, 1776. — Manufacture of One Thousand Pounds of Gunpowder per Week. — Guard about the Mill. — Scarcity of Saltpetre. — Practical Help of the Schoolmaster, Mr.

Pearson, in Chemical Operations. — Workmen Exempted from Military Duty. — Meeting-house Stoves put in Requisition for the Powder-mill. — Interest felt in the Enterprise. — Gunpowder not a complete Success. — Complaints of Military Officers. — Order of the General Court for Re-manufacture of Defective Powder. — Inspector Burbeck to Visit Andover. — Explosion, 1778. — Mr. Phillips exonerated from Blame and requested to resume the Manufacture. — The State agrees to bear Expense in case of future Explosion. — Aid of Experts from France. — Letter of Mr. Phillips describing their Work. — Gradual Discontinuance of the Manufacture. — Explosion, 1796. — Relic of the Powder Manufacture, a Gravestone in the Old South Burying Ground. — Distress during the Winter of 1775. — Provis ion for Soldiers. — Coats for Eight Months' Men given by the State. — Receipt for Coats. — Death of Col. James Frye. — Graves of Col onels Frye and Johnson in the Old North Burying-ground. — Mili tary Service in Distant Places. — Scanty Records. — Roll of Colonel Johnson's Regiment. — March of Andover Men to Reenforce North western Army. — Roll of Capt. Samuel Johnson's Company. — Extract from Capt. Samuel Johnson's Note-book. — Declaration of Independence. — Measures for the Formation of a State Constitution. — Andover's Op position to Immediate Action. — Colonel Johnson's Instructions. — Con- CONTENTS.

X stitution drafted but not accepted. — Convention of Delegates. — Samuel Phillips, Jr., one of Committee to draft Constitution. — Vote of the Town to approve. — Discussion of Bill of Rights. — Andover in Favor of Religious Compulsion. — Notes of Military Service about Boston. — Rolls of Continental Service. — Principal Military Service of 1777 in the Northwest. — Roll of Capt. Benjamin Farnum's Company. — Extracts from Captain Farnum's Journal. — His Acquaintance with Miss Jane McRea. — Letter of Corporal Joseph Shattuck. — Surrender to the British, of Forts Ticonderoga and Independence. — Retreat of Colonel Francis. — His Death recorded by Captain Farnum. — Letter of Joseph Shattuck. — Battle of Bennington recorded by Captain Farnum. — Battle of Stillwater. — Journey down the Hudson. — March to Valley Forge. — Camp at Valley Forge. — Muster-roll of Captain Farnum's Company. — Letter of Colonel Tupper. — Colonel Johnson marches to Reenforce General Lincoln's Army in the Northwest. — Rolls of the Regiment. — Roll of Capt. John Adams's Company. — Roll of Capt. John Abbot's Company. — Roll of Capt. Samuel Johnson's Company. — Private Expedition of Colonels Brown and Johnson to Fort Ticonderoga. — Their Plan of Attack, its Partial Execution and Success. — Embarkation of Prisoners and Stores. — Attack from Enemy's Batteries on Diamond Island. — Retreat to Skenesborough and Pawlet. — Letters of Jonathan Stevens, a Soldier in the Expedition. — This Expedition a Check to General Burgoyne. — Colonel Johnson's Indefatigable Labors — Petition of a Soldier. — Tribute to the Memory of Colonel Johnson. — Town Petitions for a Representative in Place of Colonel Johnson while he was in Military Service. — Gen.

Chapter VI. Churches And Ministers. — Church-yards, Or Burying Grounds

Regard of our Forefathers for the Church. — First Meeting-house. — First Sexton. — Seating the Meeting-house. — Tything-men. — Sabbath Breakers. — Heretics. — Rhymed Address to the Church of Andover. — Organization of the Church. — First Minister, Rev. John Woodbridge. — Biography by Cotton Mather. — Rev. Francis Dane. — Creed. — Controversy with the Parish. — Colleague, Mr. Thomas Barnard. — Remainder of Mr. Dane's Ministry. — His Death. — Descendants. — Lines from his Note Book. — Students of Divinity : John Woodbridge, Simon Bradstreet, Joseph Stevens, Benjamin Stevens, Dudley Bradstreet, John Barnard. — Pastorate of Mr. Thomas Barnard. — Controversy about the Meeting-house. — Destruction of the Parsonage House by Fire, and Mr. Barnard's Removal to the Bradstreet House. — Division of Andover into Two Precincts. — Parishes. — - Building of South Meeting-house. — Mr. Barnard requested to choose between the Parishes. — Letter of Mr. Barnard to the Governor. — Final Settlement of Parish Lines. — New North Meeting-house. — Mr. Barnard's Salary. — Mr. Barnard's Relations with the Minister of the South Parish. — His Death. — -Burial Place. — Gravestone. — Descendants. — Rev. John Barnard. — Ordination. — Mr. Barnard's Action in Regard to the Evangelist Whitefield. — New Meeting-house, 1753. — Communion Silver. — Bell. — Discipline. — Parishioners set off to Boxford Parish. — Death of Mr. Barnard. — His Marriages and Children. — Character as described by Mr. Phillips. — Published Writings. — Students of Divinity. — First Minister of the South Church, Rev. Samuel Phillips. — First Meeting-house. — Second Meeting-house. — Description by Josiah Quincy. — Mr. Phillips's Life and Ministry. — Preaching. — Family. — His Death. — Descendants. — Fifth Minister of the North Church, Rev. William Symmes, D. D. — Pastorate. — Anecdote of a Wedding Fee. — Seats in the Meeting-house for Wives of Negroes and Mulattoes. — Women's Hats. — Church Music. — (lid Meeting-house. — Second Minister of South Parish, Mr. Jonathan French. — Birth and Education. — Patriotism. — Divinity School in his House. — Domestic Life. — " Special Providence " of Marriage. — Anecdote of Salary. — Meeting-house, 17S8. — Noon-house. — Reading. — Prominent Supporters of the Church : Judge Phillips, Samuel Abbot, Esq., Samuel Farrar, Esq. — Students of Divinity who were Eminent Ministers : Stephen Peabody, David Osgood, John Abbot, Jonathan French, Abiel Abbot, of Beverly, Abiel Abbot, of Coventry, Thomas Merrill, John Lovejoy Abbot. — Contemporary Ministers, 1810-1S50. — Three Parishes: North, South, West. — Church of Theological Seminary. — Organization of the West Church. — Importance of Churches diminished with Increase of Number. — Transition Period. — Sixth Minister of the North Parish, Rev. Bailey CONTENTS.

Loring. — Previous Action of the Parish. — Call of Mr. Loring. — Settlement and Ministry. — Theological Creed. — Withdrawal of Members to form Evangelical Church of North Andover. — New Meeting-house of First Church. — The Old Clock.— First Church identified with the Unitarian Congregationalists. — Mr. Loring's Preaching. — Resignation. — Death. — Resolutions of Parish. — Published Writings. — Later Minis ters of the First Church : Rev. Francis C. Williams, Rev. Charles C. Vinal. — Gift of Parsonage-house by Bequest of William Johnson, Esq. — Rev. John H. Clifford. —Deacons of the First Church. — Absence of Memorials of Earlier Members. — Recent Memorials. — Third Minister of the South Parish, Rev. Justin Edwards,' D. D., his Life and Work. — West Church and Parish. — First Minister, Rev. Samuel C. Jackson, D. D. — Second Minister, Rev. Charles H. Peirce. — Third Minister, Rev. James H. Merrill. — Later Pastors of the South Church : Rev. Mil ton Badger, D. D. — Rev. Lorenzo L. Langstroth. — Rev. John L. Tay lor, D. D. — Rev. Charles Smith. — Rev. George Mooar, D. D. — Rev. Charles Smith, Second Pastorate. — Rev. James H. Laird. — Deacons o the South Church. — Formation of Societies. — Methodist Episcopal Church (Andover). — Baptist Church. — Evangelical Church of North Andover. — Protestant Episcopal Church (Andover) ; Rectors and Promi nent Supporters. — Universalist Church. — List of Churches since 1S40. — Methodist Episcopal Church (North Andover). — Free Christian Church (Andover).- — Ballardvale Churches: Protestant Episcopal, Methodist Episcopal, Union Congregational. — Roman Catholic Church (Andover), Roman Catholic Church (North Andover). — Students of Theology of the Present Century. — Chronological List of Divinity Students. — Tabular Statement of Pastors and Churches. — Burying-grounds and Cemeter ies : First (North Parish) Burying-ground. — Second Burying-ground of North Andover. — Ridgewood Cemetery. — South Parish " Burying yard." — West Parish Burying-ground. — Chapel Cemetery (Theological Seminary). — Christ Church-yard. — Roman Catholic Cemetery. — Spring Grove Cemetery. — Selection from Scripture respecting Burial Places 410-516

Chapter VII. Public Schools And Public Libraries

The First Settlers' Esteem of Learning. — First Action of the Town for a Grammar School. — First Masters : Mr. Dudley Bradstreet. — Mr. Rust. — Mr. John Barnard. — Temporary Masters. — Difficulty of keeping up the School. — Various Masters. — Second School-house. — School for both Parishes. — Masters: Mr. James Bailey. — Mr. Philemon Robbins. — Latin Scholars from out of Town. — List of Masters. — College Graduates. — District Schools. — Relics of Early Teachers. — School Fund. — Miscellaneous Schools. — High Schools. — Punchard Free School. — Benjamin H. Punchard. — Bequest. — School Buildings. — First Principal, Peter Smith Byers. — Other Principals. — Johnson High School. — Founders. — Principals. — Public Libraries. — Social Library in 1770. — Memorial Hall. — North Andover Library 5l7_532 CONTENTS. XIII

Chapter VIII. Academies

Phillips Academy. — Projector and Founders. — Constitution. — Trustees. — Academy Buildings. — Donations and Foundations. — Opening of the School. — Some Students of Note. — Reminiscences by Josiah Quincy. — Principals: Eliphalet Pearson. — Ebenezer Pemberton. — Mark Newman. — John Adams. — Osgood Johnson. — Samuel H. Taylor. — Frederic W. Tilton. — Cecil F. P. Bancroft. — Other Well-known Instructors. — Master Foster's Boarding School. — Franklin Academy. — Founding. — Building. — Records — Early Preceptors: Mr. Nathaniel Peabody. — Samuel L. Knapp. — Good Times at School. — Mr. Burnside and other Early Preceptors. — Mr. Simeon Putnam. — Tribute of Professor Felton to Mr. Putnam's Teaching. — Later Preceptors. — Female Department. — Education of Girls. — Letters of Young Ladies. — First Preceptress of Franklin Academy, Elizabeth Palmer Peabody. — Other Preceptresses. — Abbot Academy. — Foundation. — Donations. — Course of Study. — Semi-centennial Celebration, 1S79. — Principals. — Trustees . . . 533-557

Chapter IX. Theological Seminary

Plan fora School of Theology. — Founders: Madam Phebe Phillips. — Hon. John Phillips. — Samuel Abbot, Esq. — Plan at Newbury for a Seminary. — Compromise effected by Dr. Pearson. — Associate Founders: Hon. William Bartlet. — Moses Brown, Esq. — Hon. John Norris. — Founders of Brechin Hall: Mr. John Smith, Dea. Peter Smith, Mr. John Dove. — Founders of the Professorships: Abbot, Bartlet, Brown, Hitchcock, Jones, Stone. — Sketches of the Early Professors: Dr. Pearson, Dr. Leonard Woods, Dr. Griffin, Dr. Porter, Dr. Murdock, Professor Stuart. — List of Names of the Professors in the Order of their Election. — Faculty as now Constituted. — Trustees Residents of Andover. — Mr. John Aiken. — Mr. Peter Smith. — The Library. — The Printing Press. — Summary of Biographical Memoranda of Professors who were long in Office or who Died in Office ...... 558-573

Chapter X. Mills And Manufactures

The Mill the earliest Industrial Enterprise. — Ancient Mills — Saw-mills and Grist-mills. — Joseph Parker's " Corne Mill " on the Cochichawick. — Stephen Johnson's Saw-mill. — Saw-mill near the Lower Ford of the Cochichawick. — Saw-mill on Musketo Brook, 1685. — Saw-mill on Ladle Meadow Brook. — Henry Gray's Mill for Grinding Scythes on " Scoonk River," 1715. — Saw-mill on Shawshin River, near Preston's Plain, 1753. — James Kittredge's Grist-mill on the Shawshin, 1752. — Spinning and Weaving. — Amy Holt, Spinster. — Fulling-mills, 1673-16S9. — Edward Whittington and Walter Wright, Weavers, encouraged to erect a Fulling-mill. — Grants for a Saw-mill, Fulling-mill, and Grist-mill on CONTENTS.

XIV Shawshin River, near Roger's Brook, 1682. — Joseph and John Ballard's Mill on Shawshin River, 16S9. — Samuel Frye's Saw-mill and Grist-mill on Shawshin River, 1718. — Iron Works, 16S9. — Thomas Chandler's and Henry Lovejoy's Iron Works. — Powder-mill, 1776. — Paper-mill. 1789. — Business Embarrassments of the Paper-maker, Thomas Houghton. — Account of the Paper Manufacture from Contemporary Records. — Inventory of the Paper-mill. — Scarcity of Paper Rags and Means for Sav ing Them. — Difficulties in Starting the Manufacture at Andover.— Later History of the Paper-mill. — Woollen Manufacturts. — Scholfield's Improved Carding Machines. — Scholfield's Fulling-mill at North An dover — Stephen Poor's Clothing-mill. — Abel and Paschal Abbot's Mill at North Andover. — Samuel Ayer's Mill. — William Sutton and Eben Sutton 's Mills at North Andover. — " North Andover Mill." — George Hodges & Sons, Manufacturers. — Gen. Eben Sutton, Proprietor of the Sutton and North Andover Mills.— Capt. Nathaniel Stevens, the First Woollen Manufacturer, Native of North Andover. — Stevens Mills.— Hon. Moses T. Stevens, Proprietor of the Stevens and the Marland Mills. — Abraham Marland, the Pioneer Woollen Manufacturer. — Marland Mills.— Marland Manufacturing Company. — Abraham Marland, First President, Nathan Frye, Second President.— Treasurers. — Purchase of the Marland Mills by Mr. Moses T. Stevens. — Ballardvale Manufactur ing Company. — Experiments in Manufacturing Silk. — Mr. John Mar land's Enterprises. — Mr.