Report on the Radiolaria

Front matter

ON THE

OF THE

VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER

Stations - 1873

List of Stations at which Radiolaria were observed on the Challenger Expedition (1873)

In addition to the particulars given in the list regarding the geographical position of the Station, depth, temperature, and composition of the bottom deposit, I have added the result of my investigations as regards the relative abundance of the Radiolaria in each. The five letters (A to E) denote the following degrees of frequency:—A, abundant Radiolaria (AI, pure Radiolarian ooze; AII, mixed Radiolarian ooze); B, very numerous Radiolaria (but not a predominating quantity); C, many Radiolaria (medium quantity); D, few Radiolaria; E, very few Radiolaria (as they occur almost always). In using these symbols regard has been had to abundance of the abyssal as well as of the zonarial and pelagic forms (§ 232); sometimes also the estimated number of Radiolaria has been inserted, based upon information given by John Murray in his Preliminary Report (L. N. 27), and in the Narrative of the Cruise (L. N. 53), as well as by Henry B. Brady in his Report on the Foraminifera (Zool. Chall. Exp., part xxii., 1884). From Stations 348 to 352 in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic no specimens of the bottom were obtained, but a rich pelagic Radiolarian fauna was demonstrated by numerous preparations from the surface. The depths are given in fathoms and the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. In the column describing the nature of the bottom the following abbreviations are used:—

rad. oz. = Radiolarian ooze (§ 237). gl. oz. = Globigerina ooze (§ 238). r. cl. = red clay (§ 239). pt. oz. = Pteropod ooze (see p. clviii). di. oz. = Diatom ooze (see p. clvii). | |bl. m. = blue mud, gr. m. = green mud, volc. m. = volcanic mud, | |terrigenous deposits (see p. clvi).

|r. m. = red mud.

|(a) | |Locality 1. | |(b) | |(c) | |(d) | |Relative Abundance of Radiolaria. | Date. | Latitude and Longitude. | Nearest Land.

| | | | | | | | | | | | 1873. | | | |

|1. | |N. Atl. | |1890 | |36.8 | |gl. oz. | |D few | |Feb. | |15 | |27° | |24′ N., | |16° | |55′ W. | S. of Tenerife.

|2. | | " | |1945 | |36.8 | |gl. oz. | |E very few | |" | |17 | |25° | |52′ N., | |19° | |22′ W. | S.W. of the Canary Islands.

|5. | | " | |2740 | |37.0 | |r. cl. | |D few | |" | |21 | |24° | |20′ N., | |24° | |28′ W. | S.W. of the Canary Islands.

|9. | | " | |3150 | |36.8 | |r. cl. | |E very few | |" | |26 | |23° | |23′ N., | |35° | |11′ W. | (Ocean).

|24. | |Tr. Atl. | |390 | |... | |pt. oz. | |D few | |Mar. | |25 | |18° | |38′ N., | |65° | |5′ W. | Culebra (Antilles).

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|32. | |N. Atl. | |2250 | |36.7 | |gl. oz. | |E very few | |April | |3 | |31° | |49′ N., | |64° | |55′ W. | Bermuda.

|45. | | " | |1240 | |37.2 | |bl. m. | |E " | |May | |3 | |38° | |34′ N., | |72° | |10′ W. | S. of New York.

|50. | | " | |1250 | |38.0 | |bl. m. | |E " | |" | |21 | |42° | |8′ N., | |63° | |39′ W. | S. of Halifax.

|64. | | " | |2700 | |... | |r. cl. | |D few | |June | |20 | |35° | |35′ N., | |50° | |27′ W. | (Ocean).

|76. | | " | |900 | |40.0 | |pt. oz. | |D " | |July | |3 | |38° | |11′ N., | |27° | |9′ W. | Azores.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|98. | |Tr. Atl. | |1750 | |36.7 | |gl. oz. | |C many | |Aug. | |14 | |9° | |21′ N., | |18° | |28′ W. | W. of Sierra Leone.

|106. | | " | |1850 | |36.6 | |gl. oz. | |C " | |" | |25 | |1° | |47′ N., | |24° | |26′ W. | (Ocean).

|108. | | " | |1900 | |36.8 | |gl. oz. | |C " | |" | |27 | |1° | |10′ N., | |28° | |23′ W. | (Ocean).

|111. | | " | |2475 | |33.7 | |gl. oz. | |C " | |" | |31 | |1° | |45′ S., | |30° | |58′ W. | (Ocean).

|120. | | " | |675 | |... | |r. m. | |D few | |Sept. | |9 | |8° | |37′ S., | |34° | |28′ W. | Pernambuco.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|132. | |S. Atl. | |2050 | |35.0 | |gl. oz. | |C many | |Oct. | |10 | |35° | |25′ S., | |23° | |40′ W. | Tristan da Cunha.

|134. | | " | |2025 | |36.0 | |gl. oz. | |C " | |" | |14 | |36° | |12′ S., | |12° | |16′ W. | Tristan da Cunha.

|137. | | " | |2550 | |34.5 | |r. cl. | |D few | |" | |23 | |35° | |59′ S., | |1° | |34′ E. | (Ocean).

|138. | | " | |2650 | |35.1 | |r. cl. | |D " | |" | |25 | |36° | |22′ S., | |8° | |12′ E. | (Ocean).

|143. | |S. Ind. | |1900 | |35.6 | |gl. oz. | |E very few | |Dec. | |19 | |36° | |48′ S., | |19° | |24′ E. | Cape of Good Hope.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|144. | | " | |1570 | |35.8 | |gl. oz. | |E " | |" | |24 | |45° | |57′ S., | |34° | |39′ E. | (Ocean).

|145. | | " | |140 | |... | |volc. s. | |D few | |" | |27 | |46° | |43′ S., | |38° | |4′ E. | Prince Edward Island.

|146. | | " | |1375 | |35.6 | |gl. oz. | |C many | |" | |29 | |46° | |46′ S., | |45° | |31′ E. | (Ocean).

|147. | | " | |1600 | |34.2 | |di. oz. | |C " | |" | |30 | |46° | |16′ S., | |48° | |27′ E. | W. of the Crozet Islands.

Stations - 1874

List of Stations at which Radiolaria were observed on the Challenger Expedition (1874)

In addition to the particulars given in the list regarding the geographical position of the Station, depth, temperature, and composition of the bottom deposit, I have added the result of my investigations as regards the relative abundance of the Radiolaria in each. The five letters (A to E) denote the following degrees of frequency:—A, abundant Radiolaria (AI, pure Radiolarian ooze; AII, mixed Radiolarian ooze); B, very numerous Radiolaria (but not a predominating quantity); C, many Radiolaria (medium quantity); D, few Radiolaria; E, very few Radiolaria (as they occur almost always). In using these symbols regard has been had to abundance of the abyssal as well as of the zonarial and pelagic forms (§ 232); sometimes also the estimated number of Radiolaria has been inserted, based upon information given by John Murray in his Preliminary Report (L. N. 27), and in the Narrative of the Cruise (L. N. 53), as well as by Henry B. Brady in his Report on the Foraminifera (Zool. Chall. Exp., part xxii., 1884). From Stations 348 to 352 in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic no specimens of the bottom were obtained, but a rich pelagic Radiolarian fauna was demonstrated by numerous preparations from the surface. The depths are given in fathoms and the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. In the column describing the nature of the bottom the following abbreviations are used:—

rad. oz. = Radiolarian ooze (§ 237). gl. oz. = Globigerina ooze (§ 238). r. cl. = red clay (§ 239). pt. oz. = Pteropod ooze (see p. clviii). di. oz. = Diatom ooze (see p. clvii). | |bl. m. = blue mud, gr. m. = green mud, volc. m. = volcanic mud, | |terrigenous deposits (see p. clvi).

|r. m. = red mud.

|(a) | |Locality 1. | |(b) | |(c) | |(d) | |Relative Abundance of Radiolaria. | Date. | Latitude and Longitude. | Nearest Land.

| | | | | | | | | | | | 1874. | | | |

|148. | |S. Ind. | |210 | |... | |gravel, shells | |D few | |Jan. | |3 | |46° | |47′ S., | |51° | |37′ E. | E. of the Crozet Islands.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|149H. | | " | |127 | |... | |volc. m. | |D " | |" | |29 | |48° | |45′ S., | |69° | |14′ E. | Kerguelen Island.

|150. | | " | |150 | |35.2 | |gravel | |D " | |Feb. | |2 | |52° | |4′ S., | |71° | |22′ E. | N. of Heard Island.

|151. | | " | |75 | |... | |volc. m. | |D " | |" | |7 | |52° | |59′ S., | |73° | |33′ E. | Heard Island.

|152. | | " | |1260 | |... | |di. oz. | |C many | |" | |11 | |60° | |52′ S., | |80° | |20′ E. | (Ocean).

|153. | | " | |1675 | |... | |bl. m. | |C " | |" | |14 | |65° | |42′ S., | |79° | |49′ E. | Antarctic Ice.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|154. | | " | |1800 | |... | |bl. m. | |C " | |" | |19 | |64° | |37′ S., | |85° | |49′ E. | Antarctic Ice.

|155. | | " | |1300 | |... | |bl. m. | |C " | |" | |23 | |64° | |18′ S., | |94° | |47′ E. | Antarctic Ice.

|156. | | " | |1975 | |... | |di. oz. | |B numerous | |" | |26 | |62° | |26′ S., | |95° | |44′ E. | (Ocean).

|157. | | " | |1950 | |32.1 | |di. oz. | |B " | |Mar. | |3 | |53° | |55′ S., | |108° | |35′ E. | (Ocean).

|158. | | " | |1800 | |33.5 | |gl. oz. | |B " | |" | |7 | |50° | |1′ S., | |123° | |4′ E. | (Ocean).

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|159. | | " | |2150 | |34.5 | |gl. oz. | |B " | |" | |10 | |47° | |25′ S., | |130° | |22′ E. | (Ocean).

|160. | | " | |2600 | |33.9 | |r. cl. | |C many | |" | |13 | |42° | |42′ S., | |134° | |10′ E. | (Ocean).

|162. | | " | |38 | |... | |sand | |E very few | |April | |2 | |39° | |10′ S., | |146° | |37′ E. | Bass Strait.

|163. | |S. Pac. | |2200 | |34.5 | |gr. m. | |E " | |" | |4 | |36° | |57′ S., | |150° | |34′ E. | Port Jackson.

|164A. | | " | |1200 | |... | |gr. m. | |E " | |June | |13 | |34° | |9′ S., | |151° | |55′ E. | W. of Sydney.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|165. | | " | |2600 | |34.5 | |r. cl. | |D few | |June | |17 | |34° | |50′ S., | |155° | |28′ E. | (Ocean).

|166. | | " | |275 | |50.8 | |gl. oz. | |D " | |" | |23 | |38° | |50′ S., | |169° | |20′ E. | W. of New Zealand.

|169. | | " | |700 | |40.0 | |bl. m. | |D " | |July | |10 | |37° | |34′ S., | |179° | |22′ E. | E. of New Zealand.

|175. | |Tr. Pac. | |1350 | |36.0 | |gl. oz. | |E very few | |Aug. | |12 | |19° | |2′ S., | |177° | |10′ E. | Fiji Islands.

|181. | | " | |2440 | |35.8 | |r. cl. | |E " | |" | |25 | |13° | |50′ S., | |151° | |49′ E. | Louisiades.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|193. | | " | |2800 | |38.0 | |bl. m. | |D few | |Sept. | |28 | |5° | |24′ S., | |130° | |37′ E. | Banda Sea.

|195. | | " | |1425 | |38.0 | |bl. m. | |C many | |Oct. | |3 | |4° | |21′ S., | |129° | |7′ E. | Banda Sea.

|197. | | " | |1200 | |35.9 | |bl. m. | |D few | |" | |14 | |0° | |41′ N., | |126° | |37′ E. | E. of Celebes.

|198. | | " | |2150 | |38.9 | |bl. m. | |C many | |" | |20 | |2° | |55′ N., | |124° | |58′ E. | N. of Celebes.

|200. | | " | |250 | |... | |gr. m. | |B numerous | |" | |23 | |6° | |47′ N., | |122° | |28′ E. | W. of Mindanao.

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

|201. | | " | |82 | |... | |st. & gra. | |C many | |" | |26 | |7° | |3′ N., | |121° | |48′ E. | W. of Mindanao.

|202. | | " | |2550 | |50.5 | |bl. m. | |B numerous | |" | |27 | |8° | |32′ N., | |121° | |55′ E. | W. of Mindanao.

|205. | | " | |1050 | |37.0 | |bl. m. | |C many | |Nov. | |13 | |16° | |42′ N., | |119° | |22′ E. | W. of Luzon.