A compendium of classical literature; comprising choice extracts, translated, from the best Greek and Roman writers, with biographical sketches, accounts of their works, and notes directing to the best editions and translations

Part II.— FROM PLAUTUS TO BOETHIUS. BY

charles dexter Cleveland,

FORMERLY PROFESSOR OF THE LATIN AND GREEK LANGUAGES IN DICKINSON

COLLEGE, CARLISLE, PENN., AND OF THE LATIN LANGUAGE AND

LITERATURE IN THE NEW YORK UNIVERSITY.

PHILADELPHIA:

E. C. & J. BIDDLE & CO., No. 508 MINOR STREET.

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1S61, hy

CHARLES DEXTER CLEVELAND,

in the Clerk's Office of the District Conrt of the United States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.

2-0 1

V

PHILADELPHIA I COLLINS, PRINTER,

Preface

This book completes the course upon Ancient and Modern Literature, which I originally designed ; and as it has been prepared upon a plan similar to that of my works on English and American Literature, little need be said by way of preface. I may remark, however, that this is even more the offspring of necessity than either of my other works ; for though a general knowledge of English literature could have been gleaned from a number of books that were in use before my first work appeared, yet I know of none, now accessible as school books, which would give the youthful student any adequate idea of the Greek and Roman writers. It is, therefore, in my view, a work very much needed ; for as far as my observation goes, the scholars who leave our English High, and Normal Schools, and our best private Seminaries, come out not only very ignorant of the character, works, and style of the classic authors, but often even of their very names.

The classical scholar will, of course, see at a glance that I have not attempted to give all the Greek and Roman writers, but those only who are by common consent considered the best. Still, in what I have here attempted, many errors and omissions will doubtless be detected by those whose lives are devoted to this subject ; and if any one will point them out, and will write to me, expressing freely in what way he may think

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VI PREFACE.

the next edition (which will be stereotyped) may be improved, I shall feel under very great obligations to him for such kindness. It is now more than a quarter of a century since the Greek and Latin classics were the chief subjects of my studies, and though, in the mean time, I have kept up my acquaintance with them as much as my other avocations would allow, yet I well know how great an advance classical literature has made during that period, and therefore I feel conscious that in many points I may be in the rear.

I will only add that I can desire no greater favor to be shown to this my latest, than has been so signally bestowed upon my previous works.

CHARLES DEXTER CLEVELAND.

Philadelphia, March 29, 1861.

The following are the chief books to which I have been indebted in the preparation of my work, independent of the editions and translations of the authors themselves.

Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, 3 vols. 8vo.

Smith's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, 1 vol. 8vo.

Classical Journal, published by Valpy, London, 40 vols. 8vo.

Classical Museum, published by Taylor & Co., London, 7 vols. 8vo.

Butler's History of Philosophy, 2 vols. 8vo.

Enfield's History of Philosophy, 2 vols. 8vo.

Tennemann's History of Philosophy, 1 vol. 12mo.

Browne's History of Greek Literature, 1 vol. 8vo.

Browne's History of Roman Literature, 1 vol. 8vo.

Grote's History of Greece, 12 vols. 12mo.

Peter's Specimens of the Poets and Poetry of Greece and Rome, 1 vol. 8vo.

Elton's Specimens of the Classic Poets, 3 vols. 8vo.

Mills' Poets and Poetry of the Ancient Greeks, 1 vol. 8vo.

Burges' Greek Anthology, 1 vol. 12mo.

Muller's History of Greek Literature, 3 vols.

History of Roman and Greek Literature, by Arnold and others, from the Encyclopaedia Metropolitana, 2 vols. 12mo.

Fiske's Eschenburg's Manual of Classical Literature, 1 vol. 8vo.

Urquhart's Commentaries on Classical Learning, 1 vol. 8vo.

Dunlap's History of Roman Literature, 2 vols. 8vo.

Edinburgh and Quarterly Reviews.

Frazer's Magazine.

Blackwood's Magazine, &c. &c.

C. D. C.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF AUTHORS.

Page

Page

JElian .

. 25 iEsCHINES .

Horace

. 453 iEsCHYLUS .

Is.eus . ...

. 214

ALCiEUS

Isocrates

. 210

Anacreon .

Justin .

. 604

Apollonius Rhodius

. 588

Archilochus

Livy .

. 471

Aristophanes

Longinus

. 333

Aristotle .

Lucan

. 519

Arrian

LUCIAN

. 317

Aulus Gellius

Lucretius .

. 365

Bias ....

. 72

Lysias

. 204

Bion ....

. 266

Martial

. 560

BOETHIUS

. 608

Meleager .

. 285

CiESAR

Menander .

. 250

Callimachus

. 275

Catullus

. 412

Nepos .

. 371

Chilo ....

. 70

Ovid .

. 484

Cicero

Periander .

. 73

Cleanthes .

. 261

Persius

. 502

Cornelius Nepos .

. 101

Curtius

PlTTACUS

. 71

Cleobulus .

. 188

Demosthenes

Plautus

. 343

DlODORUS SlCULUS

Pliny, the Elder

. 526

Dionysius Haltcarnassus

Pliny, the Younger

. 535

Epictetus .

Plutarch .

. 303

Euripides .

Polybius

. 280

Florus

Propertius .

. 449

Herodotus .

QUINTILIAN .

. 579

Hesiod

. 57

Quintds Curtius .

. 556

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF AUTHORS.

Salltjst

Page . 416

Terence

Page . 356

Sappho

Thales

. 68

Seneca

Theocritus .

. 253

Simonides

Teeophrastus

. 247

Socrates

. 109

Thuctdides .

. 153

Solon .

. 69

TlBULLUS

. 444

Sophocles

Tyrt^us

. 63

Statius

Velleius Paterculus

. 498

Suetonius

Virgil

. 425

Tacitus

Xenophon .

. 164

Homer.

Biographical Sketch, 25 The Iliad, 29 Argument of the Iliad, 29 The Odyssey, 31 Opening Argument of the Iliad, 33 Minerva arming herself for Battle, 34 Parting of Hector and Andromache, 34 The Race of Man, 37 Council of the Gods, 37 Night Scene, 38 Hatefulness of War, 39 Achilles' Abhorrence of Falsehood, 39 Showers of Arrows compared to

Flakes of Snow, 39 Priam Begging of Achilles the

Dead Body of his Son Hector, 39 Helen's Lamentation over Hector's Body, 40 Hospitality, 41 Slavery, 41 Ulysses and his Companions in

the Cave of Polyphemus, 41 Ulysses discovering himself to

his Father, 47

The Introduction of Penelope, 51

The last Appearance of Penelope, 54

Hesiod.

Biographical Sketch, Pandora's Box, Retributions of Providence, Winter, Cerberus, Honest Poverty, Battle of the Giants,

Archilochus.

Biographical Sketch, Patience under Suffering, Equanimity, The Turns of Fortune,

Tyrt^eus.

Biographical Sketch, 63 In Commendation of Military

Valor, 64

The Hero— The Recreant, 65

AlCjETJS.

The Spoils of War, 67

Convivial, 67

What Constitutes a State, 68

The Seven Wise Men op Greece.

THALES.

Maxims,

SOLON.

Some of his Apothegms,

The Constitution of Athens,

Remembrance after Death,

True Happiness,

CHILO.

Maxims,

PITTACUS.

Precepts,

BIAS.

His Sententious Wisdom,

CLEOBULUS.

Prudential Maxims,

PERIANDER.

Moral Sentences,

Anacreon.

Cure for Care,

Gold,

The Grasshopper,

Xll