A voice from abroad, or, Thoughts on missions, from a missionary to his classmates

Contents

Introductory Letter.

CHAPTER I. The true spirit of missions 1

Lowliness and condescension, like our Savior's, essential to missionary character 4

The true missionary is ready, like Christ, to endure suffering for the good of others 6

The true missionary, like his master, waits not to be urged and entreated 8

The true missionary, like the Savior, feels no less compassion and love to the heathen on account of their ingratitude and enmity toward him 9

CHAPTER II. Christian stewardship . . . . . ... ... . 11

All we have belongs to God ....... 13

To occupy all our powers for God, we must equal

the engagednessand enterprise of worldly men. 14 How much faithful stewards may consume on

themselves and children 18

The best use of a large capital 22

Money not the main thing needed 24

The luxury and honor of being God's stewards. 27

Chapter III

Guilt of neglecting the heathen. ... 30 Prospects of the heathen for eternity .. ... 32, iv

Peculiar advantages of American churches to carry abroad the gospel of Christ 35

Do we pray for the heathen as much as we ought? 37

Do we give as much as we ought to evangelize the heathen? . 39

Do we go and instruct the heathen as much as we ought? 42

Why are the heathen lost? , . 45

Chapter IV

The saviour's last command disobeyed. . . 50 Excuses of Christians for not doing more to evangelize the heathen 55

Chapter V

Laymen called to the field of mssions. . . 61 More need now, than in early days, of a variety

of laborers in the missionary field. ... 64 To elevate all nations requires a great variety of

laborers. 65

Feasibility 71

Other reasons why laymen should engage in the

work of missions ......... 73

Chapter VI

The mere fact of being installed Pastor, is not a valid reason for not becoming a missionary. 81

Some excuses of pastors for remaining at home which are really reasons for going abroad. 84

Some excuses of pastors that have weight, but are not sufficient 89

Other reasons why some pastors of influence and talent should become missionaries. ... 93

Some excuses common to pastors and to candidates for the ministry 98

Chapter VII

Mistaken views of the great commission. . 104 No peculiarity about the office of missionary. . 104 r

The fallacy of endeavoring to convert the world

by proxy 106

No cheap or easy way of converting the world . Ill Some rules that may be of use in agitating the

question to become missionaries. . . . 113

CHAPTER VIII. Difficulties in the way of training children on

heathen ground 118

Reasons in the minds of Missionaries for not

sending their children home .123

Other thoughts about missionaries children . . . 128 Entire consecration of children, not a duty peculiar to missionaries. . ....... 130

A*

INTRODUCTORY LETTER.

To my classmates in Theology,

Dear brethren in Christ, — Few periods of our lives can be called to mind with so much ease and distinctness, as the years which we spent together in theological studies at Auburn. The events of that short season, and the sentiments and feelings, which we then indulged, will ever be clothed with a freshness and interest which the lapse of time cannot efface. Among the questions that occupied our thoughts, no one perhaps was so absorbing, or attended with such deep and anxious feeling, as that which respected the field of labor to which each should devote his life. And many of us, then, I remember, made a mutual engagement, that if spared and permitted for years to labor in different portions of the vineyard of the Lord, we would communicate to each other our mature views in regard to the claims of different fields. Thirteen years have elapsed; and I propose to fulfil my engagement, by expressing, in the form of the present little volume, the views which f now entertain in regard to the claims of the foreign field. To you, my beloved classmates, the book is specially addressed, and to those to whom you may choose to prv se it it ; and if I use a frankness and freedom, which niight possibly be construed into presumption, if 1 were addressing sirangers and elder brethren, I am sure that I shall fall under no such imputation when communieat ng my thoughts to you. I wish to express my thoug hts fam liarly as we used to do to each other, and at the Rime time 'with the earnestness and solem-

Vtii

nity, whirfl One ought always to feel when pleading for the perishing heathen. I have' used a form of address, which will make the book appropriate to all christians, ministers and laymen, supposing that some copies might fall under the perusal of persons other than those lo whom the Volume is particularly commended.

A free, full and earnest discussion of such sentiments. . as those contained in this book 5 had no small influence, under God, in preparing the way for that extensive work of Grace at these islands, which has bsendenominated, the Great Revival. At the General Meetings of the mission in the month of May of 1836 and '37, the main doctrines of this volume were thoroughly canvassed, and with deep and thrilling effect upon every member present* Our feelings were enlisted,/ our hearts were warmed, and our thoughts were absorbed, by the great topic of the world's conversion. The theme, in . all its amazing import and solemn aspects, was allowed to take possession of our soulsi It gave importunity to prayer, earnestness and unction to our conversation and ; sermons, and zeal, energy and perseverance to every department of our work ; and the result was soon apparent in the wide spread and glorious revival.

It can almost be said, therefore, that the main sentiments of this volume have received the impress of the divine approbation.

In the fall of 1837; I was constrained, by family afflictions and the failure of my own health, to embark for the United States. As I began to breathe the bracing air of Cape Horn, my strength in a measure revived, and having no other employment on board ship, I sketched the outlines of most of the chapters of this little volume. My heart was full of the theme, which I had taix

ken part in discussing before my embarkation, and I penned my thoughts freely, amidst the tossings of the ship and the care of two motherless children.

On my arrival in the United States, I revised and filled up the outlines I had sketched, and delivered them, in connexion with various historical lectures, at several places, as Providence gave me opportunity. Now, having returned to these islands, I have thought best, whether judiciously or not, you must judge, to give the chapters a second revision, to dedicate the whole to you, and with the help of the press, to send you each a copy, accompanying it with my prayers and my most affectionate salutations. And may I not expect, Beloved Classmates, that you will read the book with candor, weigh well its arguments, admit its entreaties to your hearts as those of your former associate, and act in accordance with the convictions of duty?

Among the considerations that have prompted me to the train of thought contained in this book, as well as to the views interwoven m "my history of the Sandwich Islands, I may name, as not the least weighty and prominent, a dutiful respect and filial obedience to the Instructions delivered to me in connection with others, by the wise and devoted Evarts, on the eve of our embarkation for the foreign field. The delivery of those Instructions was his last effort of the kind, and they may therefore be regarded, as the parental accents of his departing spirit. On that occasion of interest, to which memory can never be treacherous, a part of the charge to us was in the following words :

" From the very commencement of your missionary life, cultivate a spirit of enterprise. Without such a spirit, nothing great will be achieved in any human pursuit. And this is ait age of enterprise, to a remarkable and unprecedented extent. In manufactures, in the mechanic arts, in agriculture, in education, in the science of government, men are awake and active ; their minds are ail on the alert; their ingenuity is tasked; and they are making improvements with the greatest zeal. Shall not the same enterprise be seen in moral and religious things ? Shall not missionaries, especially, aim at making discoveries and improvements in the noblest of all practical sciences, — that of applying the means which God has provided, for the moral renovation of the world ? There are many problems yet to be solved, before it can be said, that the best mode of administering missionary concerns has been discovered. What degree of expense shall be incurred, in the support of missionary families, so as to secure the greatest possible efficiency, with a given amount of money ; how to dispose of the children of missionaries, in a manner most grateful to their parents, and most creditable to the cause ; in what proportion to spend money and time upon the education of the heathen, as a distinct thing from preaching the gospel; how far the press should be employed; by what means the attention of the heathen can be best gained at the beginning ; how their wayward practices and

X]

habits can be best restrained and corrected ; how the intercourse between missionaries and the christian world can be conducted in the best manner, so as to secure the highest responsibility, and the most entire confidence ; and how the suitable proportion between ministers of the gospel retained at home and missionaries sent abroad, is to be fixed in practice, as well as in principle : all these things present questions yet to be solved. There is room for boundless enterprise, therefore, in the great missionary field, which is the world."

I have not attempted to discuss all the topics here named, but, have endeavored to cultivate in some degree, as enjoined in the paragraph, a spirit of enterpris- 4ng inquiry.

If this book shall impart any light on the interesting topic of Christian duty to the heathen, and be owned by the Savior, in the great day, as having contributed, Hhough but in a small degree, toward that glorious consummation, of which the prophets speak, and to which we all look forward, I shall be abundantly satisfied, and feel richly rewarded.

Your affectionate Classmate,

Sheldon Dibble.

Lahainaluna, Feb. 17th, 1844.

THOUGHTS ON MISSIONS.

Chapter I The True Spirit Of Xvxissiosxs

The Apostles, under the guidance of the Holy Spirit -uniformly enforce their exhortations by tender appeals to the example, sufferings and death of their ascended Lord. Is humility inculcated? the argument is, Christ -humbled himself and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross.' Is purity of life enjoined ? the plea is, Christ -gave himself for us that he might redeem us from all iniquity, and purify unto himself a peculiar people.' Is liberality required? we are pointed to Christ who, -though he was rich, yet for our sakes became poor, that we through his poverty might be rich. Is entire consecration to Christ enjoined ? the appeal is : 'He died for all, that they who live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him who died for them and rose again.'

In like manner, in gaining a true idea of the spirit of missions, the proper course evidently is, to look at once at the missionary character of the Lord Jesus Christ. He was indeed a missionary. He came to save the lost. He was a missionary to us. He came to save us.

We had wandered and were lost. We were guilty and condemned. We were in a state of despair. Nothing within the compass of human means could avail in the least, to avert the impending wrath of God. All wisdom became foolishness. All resource was futile. Not a ray of hope remained — not the least nickering gleam. Whichever way the eye turned, there was darkness — horror — despair. But Christ came and hope again visited the earth. It was when we were helpless — hopeless — justly exposed to the horrors and agonies of the world of woe, that Jesus undertook his mission , and appeared for our relief.

This truth cannot be too deeply impressed upon us, here in the very threshhold of our inquiries, in regard to the spirit of missions; and to spread it out distinctly before our minds let us take a simple illustration.

You are a captive in a foreign land, and have long been immured in a deep, damp and gloomy dungeon. Sorrow, sighing and tears have been your meat day and night. Anguish, gloom and a fearful looking for of death, combined with hunger, cold and a bed of straw, have induced disease, wasted your flesh, destroyed every energy, and entirely drank up your spirits. Sentence of death is pronounced against you, and the day fixed for your execution. The massive walls and iron grating look down sternly upon you, and rebuke at once all rhope of escape. Entreaties, tears and the offer of gold and silver have been tried, but in vain. Effort and means have given place to horror and despair. The prospect before you is the scaffold, the block, a yawning grave and a dread eternity. In this extremity a friend appears, and offers to be substituted in your place. The offer is accepted. You, pale, emaciated and horror-stricken, are brought from your dungeon to behold once more the light of day. The irons are knocked off from your hands and feet — your tattered garments exchanged for cleanly apparel — and a ship is in readiness to convey you to the land of your birth and the bosom of your friends. The vital current

THE TRUE SPIRIT OF MISSIONS.

of your soul, so long chilled and wasted, now flows agaio with warmth and vigor — your eyes are lighted up. and tears of joy burst forth like a flood. But. in the midst of your joy. you are told of your deliverer. You turn and behold ! the irons that were upon you are fastened upon him — he is clothed in your tattered garments — is about to be led to your gloomy dungeon — lie on your bed of straw, and" thence to be taken in your stead to the scaffold and the block. You throw 7 yourself at his feet and entreat him to desist; but, when you And his purpose fixed., you fondly wish you had a thousand hearts to feel the gratitude you owe. and ten thousand tongues to give it utterance.

Tne Lord Jesus Christ has done for us all this and unspeakably more. We w ere •under condemnation. The sentence of God's righteous law w as out against us. The flaming sword of divine vengeance was unsheathed. All above and around us were the dark frowns of the Almighty and the red lightnings of his wrath. Beneath us, was not merely a damp dungeon, but the bottomless pit yawning to receive us, and its flames ascending to envelope our guilty souls. There was no escape. The prospect was weeping, wailing, and gnashing of teeth — tossings on a burning lake and the more rending agony of Jehovah's frowns for ever and ever. In this extremity the Savior appeared — substituted himself in our stead — bare our sins in Iris own body on the tree — received upon his own agonized soul the vengeance which was our due, and thus delivered us from the untold horrors of eternal death, and opened before us the gate of Heaven.

To save the lost then was the spirit of Christ. The Apostles imbibed this spirit. It is the spirit of missions. The heathen are in a lest condition. If we have the spirit of Christ we shall do what we can to save them. The spirit of missions is not something different from, or superadded to. the christian spirit, but is simply, essentially and emphatically the spirit of Christ. It is compassion for the perishing, and such

THOUGHTS ON MISSIONS.

compassion as leads the possessor to put forth strenu> ous efforts and to undergo the severest sufferings.

As we shall look a little in detail at the manifestations of the spirit of Christ, we shall see very evidently the great outlines, of what alone is worthy to be called the true spirit of missons.

Lowliness and condescension, like our Savior's, essential to missionary character.

Look at the condescension of Christ, and learn a lesson of behavior toward the destitute and degraded of our race. The Son of God, by whom were all things created that are in heaven and that are in earth, whether they be thrones or dominions, principalities or powers ; who upholdeth all things by the word of his power ; before whom ten thousand times ten thousand and thousands of thousands prostrate themselves, ascribing power and riches and wisdom and strength and honor and glory and blessing; of whom it is said — 'Every knee shall bow to him, of things in heaven, and things in earth and things under the earth,' — the king eternal, immortal, invisible, the only wise God ; ' this Infinite Being empties himself of his glory, and comes down to toil, suffer and die ; — and for whom ? ' For us worms of the dust, insects that are crushed before the moth.

If the Savior had come to our relief, clothed with the glory of heaven and surrounded by his holy angels, even that would have been a stoop of amazing condesc3nsion. But look at the babe of Bethlehem, born in a stable, and cradled in a manger — follow him to Egypt and then back to Nazareth. What humility, lowliness and condescension ! Look at the Savior in his public ministry. You find him oftenest among the poor, and always so demeaning himself as to be the one, that was meek and lowly in heart. His chosen walk was such, that it could be said with emphasis — 'to the poor the gospel is preached.'

THE TRUE SPIRIT OF MISSIONS.

Such was the spirit of Christ and such his condescension ! Such was the spirit of the Apostles. They took much notice of the poor, and charged Paul and^Barnabas when going forth on their mission, especially to remember that class of persons. And, what else, I ask is a missionary spirit, butto be wil^g to labor with self-denial and perseverance to elevate and save the low and the vile? Natural me- * the pride of their hearts, are inclined to i--* uQWn ll P on the wretched — to repaid " vV kind of loathing and disgust which 5«ainciines them to make sacrifices in their behalf. This dislike is such that I have often thought it to be a favor to the heathen, that they are far off and out of sight, — that if they were near and directly around manyprofessing christians, exhibiting all their defilement and ugliness in full view, that in that case, much of the shallow sympathy for them which now exists, would be turned into contempt and cold neglect. But if such had been the superficial and ill founded character of Christ's compassion, where should we have been at this present hour ? There is not a wretch now wallowing in the deepest mire and filth, who is so vile and low in our eyes, as we all were in the eyes of infinite purity. Yet the more wretched we were, the more deeply did Christ feel for us. This spirit of Christ is the only true spirit of missions — the only spirit that will make self-denying, continued and persevering efforts to save the heathen.

There is no romance in the practical and every day duties of a missionary. The work is of a humble form, and emphatically toilsome. There is but very little true missionary spirit in the world, for it is not the sympathy of an hour, nor enthusiasm awakened by feelings of romance, but, the pure love of Christ in the soul, constraining the possessor to pray earnestly, and to labor cheerfully without notice or applause, for the . lowest human objects; and which finds a rich and sufficient reward for a life of toil, in leading one ignorant slave, one degraded outcast, or one vile and beastly heathen, 1* f to close in with the offers of salvation- My observation m the field for thirteen years testifies to the fact, that no sympathy or enthusiasm will come down to the arduous details of missionary work, and persevere in it for years that does not flow from such genuine and permanent love, as our Savior manifested when here upon earth. The more we become ]jke ChH ^ ^ snail we possess of the true ~; ssionary characten

The true missionary is ready, like v>-

^ ,s t, TO

ENDURE SUFFERING FOR THE GOOD OF OTHERS.

How slow we are to make real sacrifices for the good of others! It was not so with Christ. He chose for our good, to become a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief — to be rejected, despised and hated — to become a mark for the bitterest rage and the finger of scorn. Go to the garden of Gethsemane. There behold, what even the pencil of the angel Gabriel cannot fully portray. There, in the stillness of the night, the Savior retires to give vent to the bursting emotions of his soul. Deep sorrow — keen anguish and excruciating agony roll in, like continuous surges, upon his tender spirit. His strength fails. Low he lies on the cold earth, and the drops from his pale and agonized features, like the clammy sweat of death — no, 'like drops of blood' — fall to the ground. But, the agony of his spirit does not perturb the submission of his soul, nor shake the steadfastness of his purpose. The furious mob arrive, and he calmly yields himself to their disposal. See him in- the judgment hall — meek under insults, forgiving under bufferings and abuse, submissive and quiet under the agonizing scourge. Then behold him, as faint from his gashes and his pains, and sinking under a heavy cross, he slowly moves towards Calvary. Look on, if your eyes can bear the sight. The rough spikes are driven through his feet and his hands — the cross is erected — the Lord of glory hangs between two thieves; — there, his torn,

THE TRUE SPIRIT -OE .MISSIONS.

7:

bleeding, writhing and intensely excruciated body is to wear out its vitality in protracted agony. But all this suffering was but a single drop m his cup ot anguish. O the deep — fathomless, untold agony ot his soul, when under the hidings of his Father s face he exclaimed, "My Qod, my God, why hast thou

forsaken me!" ~

' All -this suffering and agony the Infinite Son ot God endured, that we might be saved. Re had a vivid and perfect view of all this, and yet voluntarily assumed it that we wught live.

la view ^f such an example, what shall we say ? If uiv. T, rd of gk>ry shrunk not from ignominy and scorn, untold agpny, exquisite torture and the most cruel death, can any one possess much of his spirit, and yet consider it too much to forego some of the comforts and delights of this fleeting life, and to labor and toil with perseverance and self-denial on a foreign shore, to instruct the destitute and the dying — to enlighten the millions and hundreds of milieus of heathen, who have never heard the precious name of Jesus, and are entirely ignorant of the consolations of his grace ? Is it too much, even to expose one's self to an early grave in a sultry clime, if necessary, that some ray of hope may break in upon the gloom of the benighted and perishing nations ? God be praised, that the prospect of death did not daunt itys spirit of the self-denying Jesus !

O, how has a feeling of shame and deep humiliation come over my spirit, as I have heard the objection, that 'Missionaries and Missionaries' wives especially go forth to die 1' Thanks to the continued grace of Heaven that some of this spirit of Jesus — -the self-sacrificing spirit — the spirit of devotement even unto death — still exists on earth. Let the objector inquire seriously, whether much of it reigns in his own bosom ; and whether in proportion as he is destitute of it, he be not lacking not only in the spirit of missions, but in the spirit of Christ, without which it is impossible to j

THOUGHTS ON MISSIONS.

be a disciple. For it is true not only of missionaries, but equally of all christians, that they are not their own ■ — that they are bought with a price, and are under ; obligations of entire consecration r each in his appropriate sphere, that are as high as heaven .and. as affecting as the scenes of Gethsemane and *r"al vary. And we°are bound equally with the early disciples, to count it not only a duty, but "all joy" to labor, suffer and die, if necessary, for Christ's sake, and in the good work which he has given us to do.

THE TRUE MISSIONARY, .LtRE HIS MASTER, VAITS NOT TO BE URGED AND ENTREATED-

Did we become sensible of. our lost, condition ? Did we with one accord lift up our penitent and broken hearted cries to the God of mercy, that he would provide a way for our salvation ? Did the angels intercede in our behalf that the Savior would come? No : self-moved he appeared for our relief. He beheld us wedded to our sinful courses — unwilling to be taken from the mire and filth in which, we were rolling, and clinging with unyielding grasp to the very instruments of our ruin — strangely enamoured with the very vampires that were preying upon our souls. The more disinclined we were to sue for m&rcy, the more the Savior pitied us, for our very unwillingness to supplicate showed the depth of our ruin.

In like manner, the more indisposed any heathen nation may be to receive us to their shores, admit the light of the gospel and partake of its blessings, the more deeply should we feel for them, and the more zealously labor for their salvation. That a nation has not called for our. aid, but is resolutely determined to keep us at a distance, is a strong argument for being deeply interested in their behalf. Their very blindness and maniac disposition should call forth the deep commiseration of our souls. Such was, the spirit of Christ. Such is the true spirit of missions. It is but a small

THE TRUE SPIRIT OF NISSIONS.

measure of compassion to aid those who supplicate our assistance. The very blindness, guilt, madness and vile degradation of a people should , be to us a sufficient voice of entreaty. They were so to the he-art of the precious.. Savior, or he never woujd have undertaken the work of our redemption. 0> when shall it be. that christians and ministers of the gospel shall arise self-moved, or rather moved by the spirit cf Christ within them, and exert all their powers for the good of the . perishing? when they shall not, need appeal upon ap-. peal, entreaty upon entreaty, ancLthe visit of one agent after another, to remind them of their duty, and to per-, suade them to do it ?

The true missionary, like the Savior, feels no. less compassion and love to the heathen' on account of their ingratitude and enmity, toward him.

It was not a world of penitents that the Savior pitied, but a world of rebels — proud and stubborn rebels, ready to spurn every offer of reconciliation. He. saw. us, not on our knees pleading ior mercy, but scorning the humble attitude of suppliants, and raising our puny arms against the authority of Heaven. He beheld us. not as tne Ninevites once were, in sack-cloth and ashes , but recklessly violating all his holy laws. It was in view of all the deformity, bitterness, rage and heavendaring impiety of our naked hearts, that Christ left his , throne of glory and died on the cross. It was for such brings, that he voluntarily endured humiliation, toil, self-denial and death. He tailed and died for the ungodly. He came, though men despised his aid. He died even for his crucihers.

Are the heathen guilty — covered with blood and black with crime ? Do they exhibit many traits that are ugly and horrid? Would our visit to them fill them with rage and bitterness,- and tempt them to cru-

THOUGHTS OX MISSIONS.

cify us? What then? are we to relax our efforts for them, because they are ungodly ? So did not Jesus Christ. Let us learn from his example, and imbibe his spirit. That man, who maybe called a missionary, and yet is capable of being alienated in his feelings, by illtreatment, contempt, abuse and rage from the heathen, is not worthy of the name. That professing christian, iii whatever land he miy reside, who loves a sinner less on account of the personal abuse he may suffer from him, lias not the true missionary spirit — or. m other words, the spirit of Christ.

And here I would repeat the remark with emphasis, in accordance with all that I have said, that there is nothing peculiar in the spirit of missions, except what peculiar. ty there may be in the spirit of Christ — that it is what all must possess to be disciples, and without when no one can enter heaven. It is a spirit humble vet elevating, self-sacrificing yet joyful, intensely fer- * vent yet reasonable, meek and yet resolute. It is all. this indeed, but yet nothing more than what is required of every christian ; and therefore no excuse can be more absurd and contradictory in its terms, than that sometimes made ; "it is not my duty to go to the heathen fori never had a missionary spirit;'' for, one professes to be a christian, and yet excuses himself, on the ground of not having a missionary spirit, or in oth'er words, of not being a Christian, — of not being in possession of a fair title to heaven. O, remember, christian reader, that the least desire to be excused shows a deplorable lack of the spirit, of Christ.