The home medical adviser, a popular work on the treatment of disease

Front matter

Class

Book V/ r

COPYRIGHT DEPOSJF.

Preface

In writing a popular medical treatise the author is thoroughly aware that he is entering a well-tilled field.

A similar work by him, however, published many years ago, met with such unusual success in the demand for over one hundred thousand copies that with riper experience and greater knowledge it may not be unreasonable to hope for a favorable reception of this new volume treating of the more recent progress in scientific medicine.

Three essentials have seemed paramount in the preparation of such a work: truth, simplicity and clarity.

An attempt has therefore been made to present the subject in a clear, terse, simple style, while strictly adhering to scientific accuracy and the canons of medical ethics.

There has been no desire to usurp the functions of the physician ; on the contrary, the wish has been to aid his usefulness by giving the public a more intelligent understanding of scientific medicine, thus abolishing the mystery which has enshrouded the practitioner in the past.

Emphasis has been laid upon the prevention of disease — the chief aim of modern medicine.

Finally it may be affirmed that, in emergencies and at various times and places, the possession of a sound, practical reference book, or Medical Adviser, will prove not only of greatest service but even of life-saving value.

Kenelm Winslow Seattle, Washington.

Chapter I Wounds— Sprains— Bruises Page

First aid in wounds. Arrest of bleeding- in wounds of arteries and veins in special parts of the body. Bleeding after the extraction of a tooth. Bleeding 1 from varicose veins in the legs. Bleeding from the lungs. Vomiting of blood. Bleeding from the bowels. Immediate care of fresh wounds. Cleansing, dressing and covering the wound. Stitching the wound. Incised wound. Lacerated and contused wounds. Punctured wounds. Scalp wounds. Bullet wounds. Blank cartridge and toy pistol wounds. Rifle bullet wounds. After-treatment of wounds. Lockjaw. Sprain of the back. Sprain of the hip. Sprain of the knee. Sprain of the ankle. Sprain of the fingers or thumb. Sprain of the wrist. Sprain of the elbow. Sprain of the shoulder. Bruises. Abrasions. Small cuts . . 1-35

Chapter II

Drowning. Restoring the apparently drowned. Rescuing a drowning

person by swimming. Electric shock. Poisoning by gases . 36-43

Chapter III

General treatment. Sunstroke. Heat prostration. Heat stroke. Fainting. Intoxication. Head injuries. Concussion. Compression of the brain. Fracture of the skull. Apoplexy. Kidney disease. Epilepsy. Hysteria. Diabetes. Surgical shock. Poisoning by opium, carbolic acid and strychnin. Convulsions in children. Convulsions in adults . . . . ■•"."•• 44-57

ix x CONTENTS

Chapter IV Fractures Or Broken Bones Page

Special fractures. Broken rib. Collar bone fracture. Lower jaw fracture. Fracture of the nose. Shoulder-blade fracture. Arm fracture. Fracture of the wrist. Fracture of bone of hand or fing-er. Broken finger. Hip fracture. Thigh bone fracture. Knee-pan fracture. Fracture of leg bones between knee and ankle. Ankle joint fracture. Fracture of the bones of the foot. Compound or open fracture of the leg 58-81

Treatment. Dislocation of the jaw. Dislocation of the shoulder. Dislocation of the elbow. Dislocation of the hip. Dislocation of the thumb and fingers . . 82-91

Chapter VI

SURGICAL DRESSINGS AND BANDAGES OF VARIOUS KINDS FOR DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BODY

Surgical dressings. ' Bandages of the limbs. T-bandage. Spica, or figure-of-eight bandage. Spica of the ankle and foot. Triangular and cravat bandage of the thigh. Triangular bandage of the foot. Triangular bandage of the head. Triangular bandage of the breast. Cravat bandage of the jaw. Cravat bandage of the eye. Cravat bandage of the shoulder. Transportation of the injured 92-103

Chapter VII

Tumors. Malignant tumors. Cancer. Cancer of the breast. Cancer of the womb. Cancer of the lip. Sarcoma. Benign tumors. Goiter. Exophthalmic goiter. Myxedema. Rupture. Varicose veins. Variocele. Piles 104-123

CONTENTS xi

Chapter VIII Miscellaneous Common Surgical Disorders Page

Bunion. Housemaid's knee. Callus. Corns. Ingrowing toe nail. Run -around (whitlow or felon). Weeping sinew or ganglion. Foreign bodies in the eye, ear and nose. Swallowing foreign bodies. Boils. Carbuncles. Snake bites. Rabies (hydrophobia) 124-143

Chapter IX

Skin diseases. Itching. Chafing and chapping. Hives. Nettle rash. Pimples. Blackheads. Cold sore — fever blister. Prickly heat. Ringworm of the body. Ringworm of the scalp. Freckles, tan and other discolorations of the skin. Ivy poison. Warts. Baldness. The itch. Callus and cracks of the skin. Eczema. Erysipelas. Bites and stings of insects. Mosquitoes, bees, wasps and hornets. Wood ticks. Lice. Fleas. Bedbugs. Jiggers or sand fleas. Flies. Scorpions. Centipedes. Spiders. . . 144-173

Chapter X

Poisons and antidotes. General rules. List of poisons and antidotes. Food poisoning, including meat, fish, cheese, ice cream, potato and canned food poisoning. Tapeworm. Roundworms. Pinworms (seatworms — threadworms). Trichiniasis. Hookworm disease 174-193

Chapter XI Menstruation And Its Disorders— Diseases Of Women- Change Of Life

Menstruation. Care of normal menstruation. Painful menstruation. Absence of menstruation (amenorrhea). Beginning menstruation suddenly arrested. Scanty or delayed menstruation. Flowing, bleeding or hemorrhage from the womb. Emergency treatment of flowing. The whites (leukorrhea). Signs of pregnancy. Miscarriages. Death of child in the womb. Change of life (menopause) 194-209 xii CONTENTS

Chapter XII Pregnancy Page

Hygiene of pregnancy. Treatment of ills accompanying pregnancy. List of articles required for childbirth. Care of the mother during childbirth in the absence of a doctor. Care of the mother after childbirth 210-231

Chapter XIII

Immediate care after birth. Bathing. The skin. Clothing. Temperature. Ventilation and fresh air. Weight. Walking and talking. Bowel discharges. Teething. Nursing at the breast. Bad habits. Masturbation. Sleeplessness. Sucking. Bedwetting. Feeding of infants from the bottle. Approximate composition of cow's milk. Composition of women's milk. Feeding during the first week. Feeding during the second week. Feeding during the first seven months. Food in addition to milk allowed the first year. Utensils necessary for preparing infants' food. Details of preparation of milk and care of utensils . 232-252

Chapter XIV

Barley and oatmeal water. Barley gruel. Beef juice. Orange juice. Water. Egg-white, coddled egg. Veal, chicken, beef or mutton broth. Albumen or egg water. Whey. Scraped beef. Beef tea. Peptonized milk. Junket or milk curd. Milk porridge. Soft custard. Eggnog. Clam broth. Oyster broth. Condensed milk. Patent or proprietary foods for babies. Diet for children from first to sixth year . 253-264

Chapter I

Baths. Cold baths. Outdoor bathing. Tepid or lukewarm bath. Warm bath. Hot bath. Turkish bath. The complexion. The hair. Finger and toe nails. Clothing. Footgear . . . 265-273

CONTENTS xiii

CHAPTER II PERSONAL HYGIENE (Continued) PAGE

Hygiene of the digestion. Care of the teeth. Riggs' disease. Constituents of food, including meats, fish, shellfish, eggs, milk, vegetables, cereals, bread, fruits, salts and water, and their values as articles of diet. The function of cooking. Tea and coffee. Alcohol. Tobacco 274-301

CHAPTER III PERSONAL HYGIENE (Continued)

Exercise in general. Effect of exercise on the body as a whole. Excessive exercise. Exercise for different ages . . . . 302-308

CHAPTER IV PERSONAL HYGIENE (Continued)

Heredity. General considerations. Environment versus heredity . 309-318

HOW TO TAKE TEMPERATURE, PULSE, AND RESPIRATION- APPEARANCE OF THE TONGUE—HOW TO GIVE SUBCU- TANEOUS INJECTION AND PASS A CATHETER.

Temperature. Pulse. Respiration or breathing. Appearance of the

tongue. Hypodermic syringe. Use of the catheter . . 319-326

Chapter VI

Inflammation of the breast of the newborn. Small opening in the foreskin for passage of urine (phimosis). Bleeding of the cord and soreness of the navel in the newborn. Prolapse of the bowel. Wasting. Soreness, swelling and pain in the legs — growing pains. Fever. Enlarged glands of the neck and other parts — tuberculous glands— scrofula. Rickets. Spasm of the larynx — "holding the breath." Chorea (St. Vitus's dance). Pott's disease of the spine. Lateral spinal curvature. Hip disease. Bow-legs. Knock-knees. Weak and flat feet . . . 327-354 xiv CONTENTS

Chapter X

Nosebleed. Cold in the head. Foreign bodies in the nose. Foreign bodies in the throat. Sore mouth (stomatitis). Canker. Smoker's tongue (leukoplakia). Foul breath. Mild sore throat (acute pharyngitis). Ulcerated tooth (alveolar abscess). Toothache from decay and cavity. Mouth breathing. Adenoids. Enlarged tonsils. Nasal obstructions. Acute (follicular) tonsillitis. Quinsy or abscess of the tonsil. Diphtheria. Membranous croup. Hoarseness (acute laryngitis). Croup . . 421-457

Chapter XI

Cough. Bronchitis. Pneumonia, Consumption. Asthma. Hay

fever. Influenza (la grippe) 458-482

CONTENTS

Chapter XII XV

DISEASES OF THE HEART, THE BLOOD AND THE BLOOD

VESSELS

PAGE

Diseases of the heart. Heart disease. Palpitation of the heart. Diseases of the blood and blood vessels. Deficiency in quantity or quality of the blood (anemia). Degenerative changes of age. Hardening of the arteries (arteriosclerosis) .... 483-494

Chapter IV

Diseases of adults. Acute and chronic diarrhea. Acute and chronic dysentery. Cholera morbus. True cholera (Asiatic cholera). Constipation. Diet for constipation. Diseases of infants and xvi CONTENTS

PAGE

children. Simple diarrhea or acute intestinal indigestion. Summer diarrhea of infants (ileocolitis). Cholera infantum (acute milk infection). Constipation in infants and children . . 546-574

Diabetes. Test diet for diabetics. Additional articles of diet. Quantities allowed in mild cases. Forbidden foods. Food allowed by permission. Diet in severe cases. Obesity. Table of height and average weight in varying ages. Table showing average weight of insured women. Diets advised in the treatment of obesity. Milk cure diet. Articles to be avoided in obesity. Beriberi. Scurvy. Infantile scurvy. Pellagra. Gout . . 575-602

Chapter XII

Diseases of the eye: Cinders and other foreign bodies in the eye. Black eye. Inflammation of the edge of the eyelids. Stye. Twitching of the eyelids. Wounds and burns about the eyes. Congestion of the eyelids. Catarrhal inflammation of the eyes (conjunctivitis). Pink eye. Eye strain. Far- and near-sight. Astigmatism. Weakness of the eye muscles. Diseases of the ear: Deafness. Foreign bodies in the ear. Earache. Mastoid inflammation 685-713

Chapter XIII Burns And Frostbite

Burns and scalds. Frostbite. Chilblains and mild frostbite. Treatment of general effects of cold . .... 714-720

Chapter XIV The Medicine Chest

Necessary drugs and doses of drugs. Doses for adults. Doses for babies one year old. Table showing doses for children at specified ages 721-726

First Aid Surgical Outfit 727-728

Index 731

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

FIGURE

1. Method of strapping a knee

2. Good method of strapping a sprained ankle with adhesive plaster

3. Adhesive plaster strapping for sprain of the thumb

4. Expelling water from the stomach and lungs

5. Sylvester's method of artificial respiration (inspiration)

6. Sylvester's method of artificial respiration (expiration)

7. Artificial respiration — Howard's method

8. Strapping with adhesive plaster for broken rib

9. Sling for collar bone fracture

10. Sling for collar bone fracture

11. Treatment of fracture of the collar bone

12. Four- tailed bandage for fracture of the lower jaw

13. Treatment of fracture of the jaw by means of a four-tailed bandage

14. Fracture of the nose dressed with two small bandages and adhesive

strips

15. Treatment of fracture of bone of arm

16. Treatment of fracture of bone of arm

17. Treatment of fracture in forearm .

18. Fracture of the wrist

19. Break of bone in back of hand corresponding to right middle finger

20. Fracture of the finger .........

21. Splints used in transportation in case of fracture of shaft of thigh

22. First-aid treatment of fracture of both bones ....

23. Umbrella used as temporary splint in fracture of the leg .

24. Dislocation backward of both bones of forearm ....

25. Spiral reverse bandage of thigh, showing the introduction of the first

reverse . .

26. Spiral reverse bandage of thigh completed .

27. T-bandage

28. Figure-of-eight or spica bandage of the thigh

29. Figure-of-eight or spica bandage of the shoulder

30. Figure-of-eight bandage of the ankle and foot

31. Figure-of-eight bandage of the hand

32. Gauntlet bandage, showing the completion of the bandage of one

33. Figure-of-eight bandage of the elbow .

34. Spiral reverse bandage of the leg .

35. Triangular bandage folded once and twice .

36. Triangular and cravat bandage of the thigh

37. Triangular bandage of the foot

38. Triangular bandage of the head

PAGE

94 94 95 95 96 97 98

98 99 99 100 100 100 100 xx LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

I Hi IKK PAGE

oil. Triangular bandage of the head 101

40. Triangular bandage of the breast 101

41. Cravat bandage of the jaw 101

42. Cravat bandage of the eye 102

43. Cravat bandage of the shoulder 102

44. Blanket stretcher 103

45. Sites of rupture 114

46. (A) Proper shape of sole of shoe; (B) Flat sole in profile of a shoe . 272

47. Lateral curvature of the spine 346

4S. Bow-legs 349

49. Knock-knees . 350

50. Weak feet seen in front 351

51. Weak feet seen behind . 351

52. (A) Print of normal foot; (B) Print of flat foot . . . • . 352

53. Modified Thomas heel . . ■ .353

54. (A) Anopheles mosquito; (B) Culex or common mosquito . ' . . 404

55. Site of frontal sinus; site of antra of Highmore 426

56. Quinsy or abscess of the tonsil 444

57. Position of gall-bladder and appendix t . . 501

58. Enteroptosis showing head forward, shoulder blades and lower part of

belly prominent ........... 518

59. Faulty posture, favoring enteroptosis . . . . . . . 519

60. Faulty posture, favoring enteroptosis 520

61. Faulty posture, favoring enteroptosis 521

62. Enteroptotic build 523

63. Normal broad chest — wide angle between rib margins, giving wide

upper abdomen 524

64. Belt for enteroptosis 524

65. Usual point of lodgment of foreign body on inner surface of upper lid 685

66. Farsighted eye focusing parallel rays of light behind the retina . 693

67. Focusing of light rays in a normal eye 693

68. Farsighted eye showing the focusing of rays from near and far objects

behind the retina 694

69. The lens during accommodation and at rest 694

70. Nearsighted or myopic eye focusing parallel rays from a distant object 697

71. Simple hyperopia astigmatism 698

72. Simple hyperopia astigmatism corrected by a convex cylindrical glass . 698

73. Outside of the eyeball 700

THE HOME MEDICAL ADVISER