Readings in American history

Front matter

COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT

READINGS IN AMERICAN HISTORY

BY

Preface

The use of selected material from primary sources to illustrate and enliven the narrative of the textbook has become so general and has proved so valuable that there is no further need for apology or explanation in the introduction of a book of historical readings. In selecting the material for the present volume the author has sought to give the student a sense of the number and variety of sources — acts of Congress, decisions of courts, proclamations and messages of presidents, records of debates, party platforms, charters, pamphlets, memoirs, diaries, letters, plays, poems, etc. — that are available for the illustration of American history.

A unique feature of the book is the frequent employment of two or more extracts for the elucidation of a single topic, these extracts either furnishing cumulative evidence from different sources or presenting conflicting or divergent views of different authors. For example, Nos. 14, 17, 37, 40, 45, 68, 81, 91, 93, 104 illustrate the type of the "cumulative group of extracts," while Nos. 24, 30, 34, 39, 59, 62, 74, 94, 106, 114, 116 represent the " conflicting group." The value of such groups is twofold : they not only help to save the source-book from the generally merited reproach o^ scrappiness, but they furnish the student with just what he is likely to miss in the study of the textbook, namely, the realization that on every important historical and social question there is and has been a variety of opinion and judgment.

iv Preface

Although the readings can be used to advantage with any textbook on the subject, they have been planned especially as a companion volume to the author's " American History," following the text chapter by chapter and section by section. There are constant references to the History in the notes, and beneath each marginal title of the Readings a number in brackets refers to the page of the History where the subject illustrated by the reading is treated in the narrative.

A few of the extracts are taken from secondary works ; and due acknowledgment is made to D. Appleton and Company for the passages from Professor McMaster (Nos. 45, 70), to the Century Company for the quotations from De Tocqueville (Nos. 6^ , 74) and Nicolay and Hay (No. 87), to Houghton Mifflin Company for the description from John S. Wise (No. 95), to Charles Scribner's Sons for the pages from Robert Louis Stevenson (No. 1 12), and to Messrs. Ziegler and McCurdy for the extracts from Alexander H. Stephens (Nos. 89, 97).

It is hoped that the detailed Table of Contents will serve the teacher as a working bibliography of the sources of American history. It can be best supplemented by the comprehensive "Classified Bibliography" in Part II of Channing, Hart, and Turner's '' Guide to the Study and Reading of American History " (Ginn and Company, 191 2). The reference in the case of each extract in the Readings is to the publication in which the source from which that extract is taken is most available for the teacher. Hence compilations of documents and editions of statesmen's works have been freely cited. The original spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and syntax (or the want of • it) have been left unchanged in the Readings.

Preface v

The author wishes to express his thanks to the efficient staff of the loan and reference departments of the Hbrary of Columbia University for their constant and willing courtesy in supplying his needs, and to Professor James Harvey Robinson, the general editor of this series of textbooks and readings, for his sympathetic interest and valued suggestions at all stages of the work.

DAVID SAVILLE MUZZEY

New York

CONTENTS PART I

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ENGLISH CHAPTER I— THE NEW WORLD

PAGE

The Discovery of America

1. Geography before Columbus

Strabo, Geography, Book I, chap, iv, par. 6 3

Seneca, il/^^m, Act II, 11. 371 ff 3

Vol. XIV, col. 123 4

Thomas Wright, Popular Treatises on Science 7vritten

during the Middle Ages, London, 1841, PP- i-3 • • 5 Alexander of Neckam, De Natura Rencvi, ed. Thos.

Wright, in Rolls Series, Book II, chap. 98, p. 183 . 5

2. The '' Capitulation" of April 17, 1492

FiLSON Young, Christopher Columbus, Vol. II, Appendix c, pp. 336-337 ^

3. Columbus' letter to Luis de Santangel, February 1 5, i493

Original Narratives of Early American Histoiy, Vol. I, ed. Olson and Bourne, The Northmen, Columbus and Cabot, pp. 263-271 7

4. Columbus complains to his son Diego, December 1, 1504

John Boyd Thacher, Christopher Columbus, Vol. Ill,

A Century of Exploration

5. Magellan's voyage around the world, 1519-1522

Pigapheta's Narrative, in Hakluyt Society Publications, vn viii Contents

PAGE

6. De Soto's journey to the Mississippi, 1 538-1 542

Richard Hakluyt, Voyages^ T?-avels, and Discoveries,

7. A Tribute to Queen Elizabeth as the " Mother of Eng-

lish Sea-greatnesse," 1625 Hakhiyhis Posiiimiis, or Purchas, His Pilgrimes, ed.

MacLehose, Glasgow, Vol. XIX, pp. 449-450 . . iS

8. Sir Humphrey Gilbert's patent, 1578

Richard Hakluyt (see No. 6), Vol. Ill, pp. 174-176 19

9. An encouragement to English colonization, 1584

Richard Hakluyt, A Discourse Concerning Western Planting, in Maine Historical Society's Documentary History, Series II, Vol. II, pp. 101-161 ... 20

CHAPTER II— THE ENGLISH COLONIES The Old Dominion

10. An English gentleman's impression of Jamestown in

1619 Original Narratives (see No. 3), Vol. Ill, ed. L. G.

Tyler, Narratives of Early Virginia, pp. 281-287 24

11. Virginia changes masters, 165 1 -1662

Ebenezer Hazard, Historical Collections of State

W. W. WYMX'iiG, Statutes at Large . . ■ of Virginia, Vol. I,

Ebenezer Hazard, op. cit. Vol. II, pp. 607-611 ... 28

12. An eyewitness' account of Bacon's rebellion, 1675-

Peter Force, Tracts . . . relating to the Origin, Settlement, and Progress of the Colofiies iti N'orth America, Vol. I, No. 8 30

The New England Settlements

13. The coming of the Pilgrims, 1620

Original Na7-ratives (see No. 3), Vol. VI, ed. W. T. Davis, Bradford's History of Plimouth Plantation, pp. 32-107 passim 34

Contents ix

PAGE

14. Illustrations of Puritan character

Thomas Hutchinson, History of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, Vol. I, pp. 1 51-153 37

Samuel Whiting, Life of fohn Cotton, in Alexander Young's Chronicles of the First Planters of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, pp. 423-430 ... 39

Cotton Mather's Diary, in Massachusetts Historical Society Collections, Series VII, Vol. VIII, pp. 3-5, 252-258 40

15. ''Independency" in Massachusetts, 1664

Thomas Hutchinson (see No. 14), Vol. I, pp. 537-542,

appendix 42

16. The " Glorious Revolution " of 1689

Peter Force (see No. 12), Vol. IV, No. 10, An Account

of the Late Revolution itt New Ettgland .... 46

The Hutchinson Papers, in Publications of the Prince

Society, Vol. II, pp. 314-317 49

The Proprietary Colonies

17. Two accounts of early New York, 1643, 1661

The fesuit Relations and Allied Documents, ed. R. G. Thwaites, Vol. XXVIII, pp. 105-111 50

Original N^arratives (see No. 3), Vol. VIII, ed. J. F. Jameson, Narratives of New Netherland, pp. 423- 424 53

18. Rivalry between Dutch and English in the Connecticut

valley, 1627- 1650 Massachusetts Historical Society Collections for the Year

Documents Relative to the Colonial History of . . . Netv

York, ed. E. B. O'Callaghan, Vol. I, pp. 287-289 57 Thomas Hutchinson (see No. 14), Vol. I, pp. 514-515 59

19. New Netherland becomes New York, 1664

Original N'arratives (see No. 3), Vol. VIII, pp. 451-453 60 Dociiments Relative to the Colonial History of . . . New

20. The rise of the Quakers, about 1650

Robert Proud, History of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,

X Contents

PAGE

Massachusetts Historical Society Collections, Series IV,

21. Peopling a new colony, 1 681-1683

Samuel Hazard, Registo- of Pennsylvania, Vol. I, PP- 306-308 67

Original Nari'atives (see No. 3), Vol. X, ed. A. C. Meyers, Narratives of Early Pennsylvania, West New Jersey, and Delaware, pp. 379-397 .... 69

The Colonies in the Eighteenth Century

22. The First Navigation Act, 1660

William Macdonald, ed. Select Charters illustrative

23. Observations of two foreign visitors, 1 748-1 749,

1 759-1 760

Peter Kalm, Travels into N'oHh America, tr. J. R.

Andrew Burnaby, Travels . . . in NoHh America, ed. John Pinkerton, London, 18 12, General Collection of Travels, pp. 750-752 77

24. Harvard College in the early days, 1642, 1680, 1741

Netv England'' s First Fi'tiits, London, 1643, pp. 12-15 . ^o The fournal of fasper Bankers, ed. H. C. Murphy, in Memoirs of the Long Island Historical Society,

JosiAH Quincy, History of Haiva7-d University, Vol. II,

CHAPTER HI — THE STRUGGLE WITH FRANCE FOR NORTH AMERICA

The Rise of New France

25. La Salle's voyage down the Mississippi, January to April, 1682

Le Clercq, The First Establishmoit of the Faith in New

France, tr. John G. Shea, Vol. II, pp. 161-179 . . 85

Contents xi

PAGE

26. Dongan and Denonville, 1685- 1687

Documents relative to the Colonial History of New York (see No. 18), Vol. IX, pp. 292-293; Vol. Ill, pp. 456-472 87

27. The Albany plan of union, 1754

The Writings of Benjamin Franklin, ed. A. H. Smyth,

The Fall of New France

28. Washington's embassy to the French forts, 1753

The Writings of George Washington, ed. W. C. Ford,

29. The fall of Quebec, September 13, 1759

John Knox, An Historical fonrnal of the Campaigns in North America for the Years ly^y-iybo. Vol. II, pp. 6^73 104

Thomas Jeffreys, The Natural and Civil Histofy of the French Dominions in North ajid South A^nerica, PP- 133-136 106

CHAPTER IV — BRITISH RULE IN AMERICA The Authority of Parliament in the Colonies

30. The rights of the colonies

Thomas Pownall, The Administration of the Colonies,

Thomas Hutchinson, Letters, etc., Boston, 1773,

Stephen Hopkins, The Rights of Colonies Examined,

in Colonial Records of Rhode Island, ed. J. R.

Bartlett, Vol. VI, pp. 419-424 115 xii Contents

PAGE

Taxation Without Representation

3 1 . The truth about the Stamp Act

Franklin, Works (see No. 27), Vol. VII, pp. 1 18-120 ii8

32. The Circular Letter of Massachusetts Bay, 1768

The Writings of Samuel Adams, ed. H. A. Gushing,

John Almon, Pj-ior Documents, London, 1777,

33. The control of the purse strings, 1 768

John Dickinson, Letters from a Farmer, etc., pp. 69-80 125

The Punishment of Massachusetts

34. Conflicting reports of the conflict at Lexington, April

19. 1775 Paper in the Hancock-Clark House at Lexington,

Massachusetts 128

Nezi) Engla7id Historical and Genealogical Register,

Vol. XXVII, p. 434 130

Peter Force, American Archives, fourth series.

CHAPTER V — THE BIRTH OF THE NATION The Declaration of Independence

35. The final petition to King George III, July 8, 1775

fournals of the Continental Congress, ed. W. C. Ford,

36. Thomas Paine's argument for independence, Janu-

" Common Sense," in Paine's Writings, ed. M. D.

Conway, Vol. I, pp. 84-101 passim 138

37. The French alliance, 1778

Charlemagne Tower, Jr., The Marquis de Lafayette

in the American Revolution, Vol. I, pp. 184, 185 . 141

Contents xiii

PAGE

Journals of the Contmental Congress (see No. 35),

-Franklin, Works (see No. 27), Vol. VIII, pp. 641-643 146

The Revolutionary War

38. George Rogers Clark's capture of Vincennes, February 24, 1779 William H. English, The Conquest of the North^vest,

Vol. I, pp. 568-575, appendix 148

The American Historical Reviezu (Documents), Vol. I,

Peace

39. The Tories

Hezekiah Niles, Principles and Acts of the Revolu-

Frank Moore, Diary of the American Revolution,

WiNTHROP Sargent, Loyal Verses . . . relating to the

American Revolution, pp. 11-12 I57

M. C. Tyler, Literary History of the American Revolution, Vol. II, pp. 124-125 159

CHAPTER VI — THE CONSTITUTION The Critical Period

40. The new nation on trial

Richard Price, Obset-vations on the Lfnportance of the American Revolution, London, 1785, pp. 1-8,

84-85 163

JosiAH Tucker, CuiBono? or an Inquiry, Gloucester,

Tench Coxe, A Viezv of the United States, London, xiv Contents

PAGE

41. Hamilton's plea for an adequate constitution, Septem-

The Wo7-ks of Alexajider Hamilton^ ed. H. C. Lodge,

"A More Perfect Union "

42. The constitutional convention. May to September, i 'j'^'j

Journals of Congress (see No. 35), Vol. XII, p. 17 . . 172 The American Historical Review (Documents), Vol. Ill,

Debates on the Adoption of the Federal Cojistitntion,

ed. Jonathan Elliot, Vol. V, pp. 554, 556, 565 174

43. Mason's argument against ratification, 1788

Paniphlets on the Constitution^ ed. P. L. FoRD».pp. 329-

332 177

44. Jefferson's plan for the government of the West, i 784

The Writings of Tho?nas fefferson, ed. P. L. Ford,

CHAPTER VII — FEDERALISTS AND REPUBLICANS Launching the Government

45. America the land of opportunity

Franklin, Works (see No. 27), Vol. VIII, pp. 603-614 183 J. B. McM aster, History of the People of the United

La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, Voyage dans les Etats-

46. The inauguration of the government, 1789

Washington, Works (see No. 28), Vol. XI, pp. 382-

383 188

The fournal of William Maclay, ed. E. S. Maclay,

47. Jefferson versus Hamilton, i 791 -1792

Jefferson, Works (see No. 44), Vol. V, pp. 284-287 . 192 Hamilton, Wo7-ks (see No. 41), Vol. IX, pp. 513-535 194

Contents xv

PAGE

The Reign of Federalism

48. The neutrality proclamation, April 22, 1793

Washington, Wo7'ks (see No. 28), Vol. XII, pp. 279-

282 197

49. The XYZ message, April 3, 1798

Antials 0/ Cojigress, 5th Congress, Vol. Ill (ed. 1S51),

50. A plea for peace, October 2, 1 798

Joel Barlow, Tico Letters to the Citizens of the United

51. The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, 1798- 1799

The Writings of James Madison, ed. G. Hunt, Vol. IX,

Jefferson, Works (see No. 44), Vol. VII, p. 290 . . 209

Madison, Works (see above), Vol. IX, pp. 444-445 . 209

52. Washington, appeal to Patrick Henry, January 15,

Washington, Letters (privately printed by W. K. Bixby of St. Louis from original manuscripts), pp. 96-99 210

The Jeffersonian Policies

53. The discovery of the Columbia River, 1792

Robert Green Low, The Histoiy of Oregon and California, appendix, pp. 434-436 212

Old South Leaflets, Vol. VI, pp. 22-23 (No. 131) . . 214

54. A petition of the inhabitants of Louisiana, 1804

Annals of Congress, 8th Congress, 2d session (ed. 1852)

^^. The Lewis and Clark expedition, 1 803-1 806

Original fonrnals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, xvi Contents

PAGE

The War of 1812

56. British and French aggressions, 1805-1807

Ameyicau State Papers, Foreign Relations, Vol. II,

Ibid. Vol. Ill, pp. 16-19 224

t^"]. " Mr. Clay's war," December 31, 181 1

Annals of Congress, 12th Congress, ist session (ed.

58. Madison's war message, June i, 181 2

Messages and Papers of the Pi'esidents, ed. J. D.

Richardson, Vol. I, pp. 499-504 229

Chapter Viii— The Growth Of A National Consciousness

" The Era of Good Feeling "

59. The Supreme Court and the Constitution, 18 16-1824

United States Reports, i Wheaton, 324-326, 343-344;

The Monroe Doctrine

60. The Florida dispute, 18 16-18 19

Annals of Congress, 15th Congress, 2d session, appendix, p. 2153 ; ibid. pp. 2106-2107 239

American State Papers (see No. 56), Vol. IV, pp. 539-

545 • .... 241

61. The Monroe Doctrine, December 2, 1823

Messages and Papers (see No. 58), Vol. II, pp. 208-219 244 r

Contents xvii

Chapter IX — Sectional Interests Page

Facing Westward

62. British opinions of America, 1 820-1 837

The Edinburgh Review, Vol. XXXIII, pp. 78-80 . . 247 Mrs. Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans,

Captain Marryat, A Diary in Ajuerica, Vol. I,

63. The river trade of New Orleans, 1 816-1840

United States RepoH on Comme7xe and Navigation for

The Favorite Sons

64. Jockeying for the presidential race, 1824

Memoirs of fohn Quincy Adams, Vol. VI, pp. 241-248,

An Era of Hard Feeling

65. Benton's plea for the occupation of Oregon, 1825

Thomas Hart Benton, Thirty Years' View, Vol. I,

The '' Tariff of Abominations "

66. The protest of South Carolina against high tariff, 1828

The Works of fohn C. Calhotcn, ed. R. K. Cralle,

CHAPTER X — "THE REIGN OF ANDREW JACKSON" Nullification

67. Andrew Jackson, constitutional autocrat

Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, ed.

xviii Contents

68. The specter of disunion, 1830-1832

Congressional Debates, Vol. VI, Part II (ed. 1830),

W7'itings and Speeches of Daniel Webster {^zSXoxvzS. Edition, 1903), Vol. VI, pp. 69, 75 272

H. D. Capers, Life and Times of C. G. Memminger,

Senate Doai?nents, 22d Congress, 2d session. No. 30,

A New Party

69. Early anecdotes of the railroad

Frances Anne Butler, y*?/^;-;/^?/, Vol. I, pp. 161-172 278 Harriet Martineau, Society in America, Vol. II,

70. Labor unrest in the thirties

]\Ic Master's History (see No. 45), Vol. VII, pp. 220-223 282 Dociimejita7y History of American Indicstrial Society,

ed. Commons and Sumner, Vol. V, pp. 303-305 ;

Part V Slavery And The V^est Chapter Xi— The Gathering Cloud

Slavery in the Colonies

71. The petition of the Georgia colonists for slavery, 1738

Peter Force, Tracts (see No. 12), Vol. I, no. 4,

The Missouri Compromise

72. The debate on the Missouri Compromise, 1820

American Orations, ed. JoHNSTON-WooDiUJRN, Vol. II,

C 071 tents xix

PAGE

Annals of Congress, i6th Congress, ist session, Vol. I,

The Abolitionists

73. A report from Liberia, 1828

The African Repository and Colonial foumal, Vol. V,

74. The " peculiar institution "

{a) Hezekiah Niles, The Weekly Register, Vol. XXVII,

{J}) Executive Documents, 19th Congress, 2d session.

{c) Senate Docume^its, 20th Congress, ist session,

Vol. Ill, pp. lo-i I, No. 81 307

(d) D. F. Houston, A Critical Study of Nullification

in South Cai'olina, pp. 51-52 309

Alexis de Tocqueville (see No. 67), Vol. I, pp. 486-

490 309

Chapter XII — Texas

The " Reoccupation " of Oregon and the '' Reannexa- TioN " OF Texas

75. British interference in Texas, 1843- 1844

Calhoun, Works (see No. 66), Vol. V, pp. 315-336 . 312

76. An abolitionist on annexation, January 22, 1845

J. R. GiDDlNGS, Speeches in Congress (ed. 1853),

77. Benton's attack on the " Fifty-four-Forties," May 22,

1846 Congressional Globe, 29th Congress, ist session,

The Mexican War

78. Leaves from Polk's " Diary " : the Mexican War, 1846-

1848 James K. Polk, Diary, ed. M. Quaife, Vol. I, pp. 9, 33,

XX Contents

Chapter XIII — The Compromise Of 1850 Page

The New Territory

79. The gold seekers, 1 849

Walter Colton, Three Years in California, pp. 242-

290 335

H. H. Bancroft, Califo7-nia inter Pocula ; Works,

The Omnibus Bill

80. Ichabod: the glory hath departed, March 7, 1850

Webster, Works (see No. 68), Vol. X, pp. 57-98 . . 341 John Greenleaf Whittier, " Ichabod," in Sojigs of

The Four Years' Truce

81. The secession movement of 1850

State Docnments on Federal Relations, ed. H. V. Ames,

Correspojidence of fohn C. Calhotin, ed. J. F. Jameson, in Annual Report of American Historical Association, 1899, Vol. II, pp. 762-763, 775-776, 1210-1212 348

H. V. Ames (see above), pp. 271-272 351

82. The Ostend Manifesto, October 18, 1854

House Executive Documents, 33d Congress, 2d session,

Part VI The Crisis Of Disunion Chapter XIV — Approaching The Crisis

The Repeal of the Missouri Compromise and the Formation OF THE Republican Party

83. The origin of " squatter sovereignty," December 24,

1847 Niles, Register (see No. 74), Vol. LXXIII, pp. 293-294 359

Contents xxi

PAGE

84. Fugitive Slaves

Acts of the General Assembly of Virginia, i84g-i8^o,

Documentary Histo7y, etc., ed. U. B. Phillips (see

Life and Times of Frederick Douglass, from 181 J to

1882, Written by Himself pp. 245-249 364

Bleeding Kansas

85. The " Bogus Legislature" of Kansas, 1855

G. D. Brewerton, Wars of the Western Border, pp. 284-

289 367

House Reports, 34th Congress, ist session. Vol. II,

Charles Robinson, The Kansas Conflict, pp. 114-116 372

"A House Divided against Itself"

86. The gist of the Dred Scott Decision, March 6, 1857

United States Reports, 19 Howard, 404-405, 408, 449,

451, 452, 454 373

CHAPTER XV — SECESSION The Election of Abraham Lincoln

%-]. The Republican Standard, 1 860-1 861

J. G. Nicolay and John Hay, Abraham Lincoln,

Messages and Papers (see No. 58), Vol. VI, pp. 5-12 . 381

88. The Chicago convention, May 16-18, i860

MuRAT Halstead, A History of the iVational Political

Conventions of i860, ^"p. i2\-l^Ji^ 384

89. A Southerner's plea for union, November 14, i860

Alexander H. Stephens, A Constitutional View of the Late War between the States, Vol. II, pp. 280- 300 388 xxii Co ft tents

PAGE

The Southern Confederacy

90. " The crime of the North," January, 1861

T\iQ Atlantic Mojit/ily,\o\.Y\\,ipY).ii?,-i2i .... 391

91. Secession: its justification and its accomplishment,

December, i860

The Correspondence of Robert Toombs, Alexander H. Stephens, and Hoivell Cobb, ed. U. B. Phillips in Annual Report of the American Historical Association, 1911, Vol. II, pp. 511-518 394

War of the Rebellion, Official Records of the Union

and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. I, p. 112 398

Frank Moore, Rebellion Records, Vol. I, Documents,

The Fall of Fort Sumter

92. The bombardment of Fort Sumter, April 12-14, ^861

and Afo2ilt7'ie, ^T^. id^i-iy^ 40^

CHAPTER XVI— THE CIVIL WAR The Opposing Forces

93. War measures from April to August, 1861

(a) United States Statutes at Large, Vol. XII, p. 1258 . 408

{d) House fournal, 37th Congress, 1st session, No. 123 412

{e) United States Statutes at Large,^o\.YA\,^.^\<^ . 412

From Bull Run to Gettysburg

94. The British view of the Trent affair, November-

December, 1 861

Lord Newton, Lord Lyons, a Record of British 7?;)^^-

Massachusetts Historical Society'' s J^roceeditigs, 1911-

Contents xxiii

PAGE

95. Pen pictures of the war

Sarah M. Dawson, A Confederate GirVs Diaiy,

Helen D. Longstreet, Lee and Longstreet at Hightide, pp. 50-52 425

J. S. Wise, The End of an Era, pp. 346-356 .... 427

The Triumph of the North

96. The change in the fortunes of the Confederacy,

April-December, 1863

Alessages and Papers of the Confederacy, ed. J. D.

97. A Confederate embassy, February 3, 1865

Stephens, IVarbetzvcen the States (see No. 89), Vol. II,

98. The surrender at Appomattox, April 9, 1 865

Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant,Vo\. II, pp. 489-498;

99. Poetical tributes to Abraham Lincoln

Walt Whitman, Leaves of Grass (ed. 1907), pp. 262-

263 445

London Punch, Vol. XLVIII, p. 182 446

James Russell Lowell, Works (Riverside ed.),

Edwin Markham, Lincoln and Other Poetns, pp. 1-3 449

CHAPTER XVII — THE ERA OF RECONSTRUCTION How THE North used its Victory

100. A Southerner's advice to President Johnson on reconstruction, June 14, 1865

Johnson Manuscripts, in Library of Congress, Washington, D.C 451

loi. The Reconstruction Act, March 2, 1867

United States Statutes at Large, Vol. XIV, pp. 428-429 455 xxiv Conte7its

PAGE

1 02. Ku-Klux testimony, 1871

Kti-Klux Conspiracy, Repoi't of Joint Select Committee, Washington, 1872, Vol. VI, pp. 304-316; Vol. VII, pp. 668-670 459

The Recovery of the Nation

103. The liberal Republican movement of 1872

Carl Schurz, Speeches, Correspojidence, Political Papers, ed. Frederick Bancroft, Vol. II, pp. 354- 361 468

104. The " indirect damage humbug "

Works of Charles Sumner (ed. 1880), Vol. XIII,

Messages and Papers (see No. 58), Vol. VII, p. 102 . 475 W. M. Stewart, Remijiiscences, pp. 177-179 . . . 476

Part VII

THE POLITICAL AND INDUSTRIAL HISTORY OF THE REPUBLIC SINCE THE CIVIL WAR

CHAPTER XVIII — TWENTY YEARS OF REPUBLICAN SUPREMACY The Republican Machine

105. The farmer and the railroad

Documentary Histoty, etc., ed. Commons and Andrews (see No. 70), Vol. X, pp. 42-45, 63-66 . 481

106. The resumption of specie payment, 1869- 1878

Congressio7ial Globe, 40th Congress, 3d session,

Ibid. 42d Congress, 3d session. Part I, p. 627 . . . 490 John Sherman, Recollections of Forty Years, Vol. II,

Contents XXV

PAGE

The Party Revolution of 1884

107. Blaine's tribute to Garfield, February 27, 1882

Memorial Address, Government Printing Office,

Washington, 1882 494

108. The merit system

Senate Repoiis, 47th Congress (1882), No. 567 . . . 499 i ^n/ied States Statutes at Large, Vol. XXII, pp. 403-407 502

109. The Democratic platform and candidate, 1884

Edward Stanwood, A History of the Presidency,

The Nation, July 17, 1884, Vol. XXXIX, p. 46 . . . 507

CHAPTER XIX — THE CLEVELAND DEMOCRACY A People's President

1 10. The tariff message of 1887

Messages and Papers (see No. 58), Vol. VIII, pp. 580-

591 511

New York Daily Tribune, December 8, 1887, p. i,

A Billion-Dollar Country

111. The new South

Henry W. Grady, His Life, Writings, and Speeches,

ed. J. C. Harris, appendix, pp. 105-112 .... 518

112. The hurricane at Samoa, March 15-16, 1889

Robert Louis Stevenson, y;/ Footnote to History, in Works (Scribner's edition, 1896), Vol. XIX,

New York Stinday Times, March 31, 1889, editorial

Problems of Cleveland's Second Term

113. The Chicago strike of 1894

Chicago Daily Herald, June 26, 1894 526

Grover Cleveland, Presidential Problems, pp. 109-

•113 529

XX vi Contents

PAGE

114. Twisting the British Uon's tail: the Venezuela affair,

Accounts and Papers, State Papers, Vol. XLIX, Correspondence relating to the Question of the Boundary of British Guiana, London, 1896,

Grover Cleveland (see No. 113), pp. 269-273 . . 538 Satiii'day Reviezu, London, December 21, 1895, ^ol.

National Review, London, January, 1896, Vol. XXVI,

115. Bryan's Cross of Gold speech, July 9, 1896

W. J. Bryan, The Fi?-st Battle, pp. 199-206 .... 542

CHAPTER XX — ENTERING THE TWENTIETH CENTURY The Spanish War and the Philippines

1 1 6. The case against imperialism

The Nation, Vol. LXXIII, p. 4 546

Honse Documents, 55th Congress, 3d session, Vol, I,

No. I, Foreign Relations, pp. 934-935 .... 549 MOORFIELD Storey, What shall we do 7vith our Dependencies ? pp. I, 2, 5, 6, 9-11, 5i-54> 60 . . 551

The Roosevelt Policies

117. The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, November 18, 1903

Senate Docnments, 6ist Congress, 2d session. No. 357, Treaties, Conventions, etc.. Vol. II, pp. 1349-1357 556

I 18. Roosevelt's speech to the governors, May 13, 1908

Proceedins;s of a Conference of Goi'ernors, May 13-15,

1908, Government Printing Office, Washington,

Co?i tents xxvii

Present-Day Problems

119. The trusts : causes and remedies

House Docujnents, 57th Congress, ist session, No. 182, Report of the Industrial Commission on Trusts, etc.. Vol. XIII, pp. V, vii, xvii, xxx, xxxiii-xxxv . 566

1 20. The evils of child labor

Congressional Record, 59th Congress, 2d session,

121. The platform of the Progressive party, Chicago,

August 5, 191 2

Edward Stanwood, A History of the Presidency^

Vol. II, appendix, pp. 281-291 576

INDEX 583

READINGS IN AMERICAN HISTORY

Part I. The Establishment Of The English

PART I. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE ENGLISH