Front matter
U*K my
BJSfi?
Class Book.,
Preface
TO THE THIRD EDITION.
In the former editions of this volume, some of the points referred to seemed of such simplicity, that considerable doubt existed in my mind as to the propriety of their consideration, presuming that every student would be familiar with their details. Experience, however, has demonstrated that it is in the very simplest matters that the young practitioner soonest hesitates, his collegiate studies instructing him rather in the weightier matters of the law than in those of less importance.
Believing, also, that the value of the original plan has been sufficiently tested by the fact, that two large editions of near five thousand copies have been rapidly exhausted, notwithstanding the publication of other meritorious works of a similar kind, it has been deemed best to adhere to the elementary character heretofore sustained by this volume, and to
8 PREFACE.
present it a third time, to those for whom it has been written, as especially adapted to their earliest professional wants.
In the present edition I have, therefore, in nowise changed the former arrangement, but have simply revised and amended the text in accordance with the improvements of the day. Many new subjects of a similar elementary nature have, however, been added, in order to furnish the younger practitioners, and especially those who have not enjoyed the advantages of a residence in a hospital, with further practical details on matters of common occurrence.
Pursuing the original object of furnishing "Hints on the Every-Day Duties of the Surgeon," the new matter will be found to be very briefly stated, and the operative directions given in as condensed a form as was compatible with accurate description. The Duties of Assistants in Operations, the Mode of conducting Etherization, the Mechanical Treatment of Club Feet, the Cure of Aneurism by Compression, the Catoptric Diagnosis of Cataract, and similar subjects, likely to prove of daily utility to the general practitioner, are among the principal additions ; their comprehension being aided by appropriate illustrations, as far as seemed needful.
Within the few years that have elapsed since the publication of the first edition, "Minor Surgery"
PREFACE. 9
has gained a degree of attention that has materially changed the estimate of its general value ; and many who have found its practical importance, now regard it as a most valuable portion of a medical education. Should the present volume tend to maintain this opinion, and prove useful to that portion of the Profession for whom it is especially intended, it will accomplish all that has been desired for it.
HENRY H. SMITH.
120 S. Ninth Street, Philadelphia.
LIST OF AUTHORS.
The following list embraces the authors consulted in connection with the present subject: —
Amesbury, on Fractures.
J. Ehea Barton, North American Journal, &c.
Boyer, Maladies Chirurgicales.
Bourgery, Minor Surgery, by Kissam.
Bond, North American Medical Journal.
Baynton, on Ulcers.
Sir Astley Cooper, on Dislocations and Fractures.
Samuel Cooper, Dictionary.
Chelius, Surgery, by South and Norris.
Coster, Manual of Operative Surgery.
Cutler, on Bandages.
R. Coates, Journal of Medical Sciences.
Dorsey, Elements of Surgery.
Dessault's Surgery, by Caldwell.
Druit, Modern Surgery, by Sargent.
Dupuytren, Lecons Orales.
Ferguson, Surgery, by Norris.
Gerdy, Bandages et Pansements.
Gibson, Insitutes and Practice of Surgery.
Goddard, on the Teeth.
Jamain, Petite Chirurgie.
Philadelphia Journal of Pharmacy.
Lawrence on the Eye, by Hays.
Liston, Elements of Surgery, by Gross.
Medical Examiner, 1837-38.
Mayor, Bandages et Appareils.
Malgaigne, Medecine Operatoire.
Pancoast, Operative Surgery.
Pott, Chirurgical Works.
Rankins Abstract.
Sedillot, Medecine Operatoire.
N. R. Smith, Baltimore Medical and Surgical Journal
Velpeau, Medecine Ope"ratoire.
Warren, on Ether.
Chapter I. On The Preparation And Application Of Dressings
Dressings, Preparation and Application of 27
Apparatus for ....
Instruments for .
Forceps
Scissors
Probes
Director
Spatula
Scalpels
Needles, &c. .
Pieces of Dressing .
Lint .
Charpie
Sponge Tent .
Cotton
Tow .
Compresses ....
Square
Triangular
Cribriform
Malteese Cross
Retractors
Perforated Compress
Graduated
Pyramidal
Adhesive Strips
CONTENTS.
Dressings, Adhesive Strips, Baynton's use of .
Critchett's use of in Ulcers as applied in Epididymitis .
Isinglass Plaster
Collodion* .....
Court Plaster ....
Poultices .....
Plasters ....
Irrigation .....
Rules for Dressing
Chapter II. Of The Preparation And Application Of The Bandage
Bandaging ......
Roller, Simple ....
Manufacture of
Single- headed .
Double-headed
Bandage, rolling of
Application of
64, 71
Circular
65, 69
Oblique .
65, 70
Spiral
65, 70
Uniting .
Dividing
.
Compressing
Expelling
.
Retaining
Rules for making reversed turns
.
Spiral of Chest .
Abdomen .
Penis .
Upper Extremity .
Finger ....
all the Fingers, or Gauntlet
Demi-Gauntlet
Lower Extremity .
French Spiral
Chapter III. Of The Crossed, Or Figure Of 8 Bandages
Crossed of one Eye .....
both Eyes • . . . .
Angle of the Jaw ....
Barton's for the Jaw ....
83 84 85 86
CONTENTS.
Crossed, or Posterior 8 of the Chest
Anterior 8 ....
Of one Breast ....
both Breasts ....
Spica of Groin ....
both Groins . .
Shoulder ....
Thumb ....
Instep . . . . .
Figure of 8 of the Elbow
Figure of 8 of the Wrist
Figure of 8 of both Thighs
Knee
. 100
Ankle ....
Figure of 8 of Neck and Axilla
. 91
Bibbails's .....
Chapter IV. Of Knotted Bandages
Knotted Bandage of Head
Chapter V. Of Recurrent Bandages
Recurrent Bandage of Head
Double-headed roller Amputations
106 107
Chapter VI
OF THE COBIPOSITION AND APPLICATION OF THE COMPOUND BANDAGE, OR THE BANDAGE PROPER.
T Bandage
. Ill of Head
. 113
Nose
Chest
. 115
Abdomen .
Triangular T of Groin .
. 116
Double T of Buttock of Hand ....
. 117
Perforated of Hand .
Chapter VII. Of The Invaginated, Or Slit And Tail Bandages
Invaginated Bandages .
for Wounds of Lips
120 120
16 CONTENTS.
Invaginated of Body ..... 121
for Longitudinal Wounds of the Extremities 122
for Transverse Wounds of the Extremities . 123
WinsloVs, for Wry Neck ... 123
Jb'rg's Apparatus . . . . . .124
Uniting, of Transverse Wounds of Neck . . 125
CHAPTER Vin.
OF SLINGS.
or Bandage of Galen .... 127 Four-tailed of Head . . . .128 of Chin 129
Mask 130
of Breast ..... 131
Chapter IX. Of Suspensories, Sheatiis, And Laced Bandages
Purses or Suspensories ..... 133
ofNose .... 133 of Scrotum . . . .134
Sheaths 135
Laced or Buckled Bandages . . . .135
for the Knee . . 135 Gaiter . . . . . .136
Stocking . . . . . 136
Chapter I. Mayor's Handkerchief System
General Considerations . . . . .137
Shape of Handkerchiefs . . . . 140
Chapter II. Of The Handkerchiefs As Applied To The Head
Handkerchiefs for Head . . . . 144
Square Cap of Head .... 144
Fronto-Occipital Triangle . . 144
Occipito-Frontal .... 145
Bi-Temporal Triangle ... 146
CONTENTS.
Handkerehiefs, Occulo-Occipital Triangle Fronto-Occipito-Labialis .
Facial Triangle Vertico-Mental Cravat Occipito-Auricular .
Sternal Handkerchief Fronto-Dorsal Parieto-Axillaris
Chapter III. Op The Handkerchiefs As Applied To The Trunk
Cervical Cravat . . . . . .151
Simple Bis-Axillary Cravat .... 151
Compound Bis-Axillary Cravat . . . .152
Simple Bis-Axillo-Scapulary Cravat . - . 152
Compound Bis-Axillo-Scapulary Cravat . . . 153
Dorso-Bis- Axillaris . . . . . 154
Triangular Cap of Breast ..... 154
Sub-Femoral Handkerchief . . . 155
Inter-Femoral Handkerchief .... 156
Single Spica Handkerchief . . . . 157
Double Spica Handkerchief . . . .157
Suspensory, or Handkerchief to Scrotum . . 157
Chapter IV. Of The Handkerchiefs Of The Upper Extremities
Cervico-Brachial Sling . . . . .159
Ante-Brachial Trough ..... 159
Triangular Cap of Shoulder . . . .161
Triangular Cap of Amputations . . . 161
Carpo-Olecranien Handkerchief .... 162
Flexor of Wrist . . . . . . 162
Carpo-Dorsal Triangle . . . . .163
Chapter V. Of The Handkerchiefs Of The Lower Extremities
Metatarso-Malleolar Cravat
Triangular Cap of Heel .
.
Tarso-Pelvien Cravat
Compound Metatarso-Rotular Cravat
.
Tarso-Patella Cravat
Triangular Cap of Foot .
Tibio-Cervical Sling .
Tibial Cravat ;
.
Barton's Handkerchief
2*
CONTENTS.
Mayor's Hyponarthecia Ante-Brachial Hyponarthecia .
Hj^ponarthecia of Lower Extremities Mayor's Clinical Frame
170 175 177 193
Chapter I. Apparatus For Fractures
General Considerations
Setting Fractures ....
•
Chapter II. Fractures Of Boxes Of The Head And
TRUNK.
Fractures of Skull ....
Nose ....
.
Lower Jaw
Gibson's Bandage for
Barton's "
Vertebrae ....
.
Sternum
Ribs ....
Pelvis
Clavicle ....
.
Dessault's Apparatus for
Boyer's
Mayor's .
Fox's
Scapula
Velpeau's Bandage for
•
Chapter III. Of Fractures Of The Ufper Extremity
Fractures, Neck of Humerus
.
Boyer's Bandage for
.
for Fracture of Shaft of Humerus
Pennsylvania Hospital Plan .
of the Condyles .
Physick's Apparatus for
Carved Splint
.
Fore-arm ....
.
Lower End of Radius
.
Barton's Bandage for
.
Metacarpal Bones
CONTENTS.
Fractures, Phalanges ....
Olecranon
Astley Cooper's Apparatus for Dessault's "
Pennsylvania Hospital "
Boyer's "
Mayor's "
Gerdy's "
of Coronoid process .
231 231
Chapter IV. Of Fractures Of The Lower Extremity
General Considerations ....
Elevator for Treatment of
237 240
Chapter V. Of Fractures Of The Femur
Fractures, of Femur ....
. 241
Chapman's Inclined Plane .
Dupuytren's Inclined Plane
. 241
Coates's Extending Band
Physick's Gaiter
. 244
Coates's Perineal Band
Junct-Bags
. 246
Splint Cloth .
Scultet's Bandage
. 248
Eighteen-Tailed Bandage
Splints, Dessault's
. 249
Physick's
Boyer's .
. 253
Hartshorne's
Amesbury's
. 256
Gibson's Hagedorn .
Gibson's Simple Inclined Plane .
. 262
Nathan R. Smith's Splints .
Chapter VI. Of Fractures Of The Patella
Fractures, of Patella ....
. 265
Dessault's Apparatus for .
Dorsey's " .
. 266
Mayor's "
Gerdy's "
. 267
20 CONTENTS.
Chapter VII. Of Fractures Of The Leg
Fractures, of Leg ..... 269
Hospital Fracture-Box . . .269
Barton's Bran Dressing . . . 271
Hutchinson's Splints . . . 272
Amesbury's Apparatus for . . 274 Dupuy tren's Apparatus for Fracture of the
Lower Extremity of the Fibula . . 278 Dessault's Apparatus for Fracture of the Os
Chapter VIII. Of The Immovable Apparatus
General Account of . . . . 281
Chapter I. Of The Apparatus For The Treatment Of Dis- Locations
General Considerations ..... 289 CHAPTER II.
DISLOCATIONS OF THE HEAD AND TRUNK.
Dislocations, of Head and Trunk . . . 291
Lower Jaw . . . .291
Oblique Processes of Vertebrae . 292
Clavicle .... 293
Humeral Extremity of the Clavicle . 294
Chapter III. Dislocations Of The Upper Extremity
Dislocations, of Upper Extremity . . . 295
Head of Humerus . . .295
Head of Radius . . . .298
Reduction of .... 299
Diagnosis of Injuries of the Elbow . . 299
of Bones of Forearm on Wrist . . 300
CONTENTS.
Dislocation of all Bones of Wrist .
of Magnum
of Metacarpal Bones .
of Phalanges Clove-Hitch
300 300 301 301 302
Chapter IV. On Dislocations Of The Lower Extremity
Dislocations of Hip-Joint ....
Fahnestock's Mode of Reducing
. 305
Reduction by Pullies
Dislocation on Pubis ....
. 307 into Sciatic Notch
Foramen Thyroideum .
. 308 of Patella ....
Head of Tibia
. 309
Fibula ....
Bones of Tarsus .
. 309
Metatarsal Bones
Phalanges
. 310
Part Fifth. Of The Minor Surgical Operations
Definition of, &c.
Chapter I. Of The Duties Of Assistants In Operations
General Considerations Rules for Operations Administration of Ether Smith's Inhaler .
Duties in Amputations Lithotomy
313 313 315 317 323 321
Chapter II. Of Bloodletting
Phlebotomy ....
Venesection
Anatomy of Veins of Arm
Lancets ....
Spring Lancet ....
Thumb Lancet
Operation with Spring Lancet .
22 CONTENTS.
Operation with Thumb Lancet
. 884
Bleeding in Hand ....
External Jugular Vein
. 336 at the Ankle ....
Arteriotonry .....
. 341
Local Bloodletting ....
Leeching ......
. 342
Arrest of Hemorrhage from
Preservation of Leeches ....
. 345
Mechanical Leeches ....
Cupping ......
. 347
Chapter III. Op Cutaneous Irritation
General Considerations of .
. 350
Blisters ......
Cantharidal Collodion ....
. 351
Granville's Lotions for .
Gondret's Ointment ....
. 353
Issues ......
Issue Peas ......
. 353
Formation of Issue by Potash, Acids, &c.
353, 354
Setons ......
. 356
Chapter IV. Of
PUNCTURES.
General Considerations of .
: 361
Acupuncturation
•
Electro-Puncture .
. 363
Vaccination
Preservation of Vaccine
. 865
Perforation of Lobe of Ear
Puncture of Membrani Tjnnpani .
. 368
Paracentesis Abdominis
.
Puncture of Hydrocele
. 370
Diagnosis of Hydrocele, &c.
. • .
Ranula
. 373
Salivary Concretions
Puncture of Abscesses
. 374
Diagnosis of Abscesses .
.
Chapter V. Operations For Arresting Hemorrhage
General Consideration of .
CONTENTS.
Pressure
Spanish Windlass .
Tourniquet of Petit
Bellingham's Compressor
Preparation of Sponges
Ligatures ....
Preparation of .
Tenaculum .
Forceps .
Surgeon's Knot Sailor's Knot
Torsion ....
Styptics ....
Plugging of Nostrils Arrest of Hemorrhage from Rectum Hemorrhage from Bladder .
389 390 391
Chapter VI. Of Wounds
General Consideration of Sutures .
Interrupted Suture Continued Suture Twisted, or Hare-lip Quilled Dry Collodion
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