History of the Maumee River basin from the earliest account to its organization into counties

Front matter

HISTORY

OF THE

MAUMEE RIVER BASIN

CHAPTER I. Pagb Inthoductory with Table of Counties and Statistics 1

The Maumee River Basin distinguished from the Maumee Kiver Valley - Situation, Latitude and Longitude, Extent in square miles — The former Forest — Topography — Climate — Products — Healthfulness — Counties, Principal

Towns. Population.

CHAPTER IL

Geology of the Maumee River Basin 6

Source of the Rocks — The Geologic Column in comparison with that of other parts of Ohio, and elsewhere — Chart — Lacking in several strata — Trenton Limestone — Natural Gas and Petroleum and theories of their Origin — Wells and their Products — Process of Drilling — Rock Water supply — Elevations and Depressions of Rock Strata — Early Surface Conditions — Prehistoric Drainage Channels — Age of Ice and Theories of Cause — Glacier Markings and Extent of — Foreign Rocks brought by Glaciers — Glacier Phenomena and Effects — Glacial Lakes, and their Drainage Channels — Time and Duration of the Ice Age — Benefits of the Glaciation.

CH.VPTER III.

The Earliest Evidences Found of Prehistoric Man -17

Before, during and subsequent to the Age of Ice — Co-existent with the Mastodon and other long-extinct Animals. Prehistoric Stone Implements — Prehistoric Mounds and Circles of Earth — The Aborigines as first described — the Fiercest Savages known to History.

CHAPTER IV.

The First Explorers and Cartographers, The French and British . . . 7.t

Champlain — French Coureurs rfe So/s — Earliest French Maps — LaSalle -Later French Maps — The British-French wars. Wars with the Aborigines, and the Fur Trade as an ever-present Incitement — Conspiracy of Chief Nicholas against the French — British and French purchase each other's Scalps — The British Succession — Conspiracy of Pontiac against the British, and his Capture of the western Forts — Armies of Wilkins, Bradstreet and Bouquet against the Aborigines — Captives returned to Bouquet — Croghan's successful Peace Mission — Fort Miami and Detroit described. KiH-VTOO.

CHAPTER V.

Hostilities of Aborigines and British Against the Colonists 124

The Colonies Impoverished — Rebel against British Impositions — The Revolutionary War — British form Savage War-parties against Pioneer American Settlements, Furnish them Leaders and Supplies, and pay for American Scalps brought by them — American Deserters and British Officers often with the Savages in their Maraudings — British remove the Less Savage Officers — American successes in the Southwest, and Organizations for Civil Government — Futile iv CONTENTS.

plans of Americans against Detroit the headquarters for this Basin — Americans Massacre reputed Peaceful Aborigines — Close of Revolutionary War — Aborigines not satisfied without continual supply of Intoxicants and Excitement — Continued Aggression of the British. 17(i()-178'i.

CHAPTER VI.

Organization of the Territory Northwest of the Ohio River 152

Cessions of Claims by States to the United States — Jefferson's plan for Division of the West Rejected — Desire for Land in the Territory — Hostilities of the Aborigines and Expeditions against them — British Refuse to surrender the western Forts according to Treaty at Paris — Treaties with Aborigines disregarded by them — Unfriendly action of the Spanish in restricting Navigation of the Mississippi leads to Disaffection in Ohio and Kentucky — Further British Aggressions — Civil and Military Activity — American Efiorts for Peace with the Aborigines prove futile— Gen. Harmar's Expedition against the Hostiles by the Maumee and his Defeat by them — Further unsuccessful efiorts for Peace — Gen. St. Clair's Expedition against the Savages and his overwhelming Defeat. 1784-1791.

CHAPTER VII.

Preparations of the Aborigines, Aided by the British, to Drive the Americans BACK East of the Alleghenies, and for Army to Resist Them . . . 170

Aborigines would not accept Peace — Gen. Wayne chosen to command Northwestern Army — Hamilton County extended to embrace this Basin — More unsuccessful Efiorts for Peace, and more Savagery by the Aborigines — The largest Councils ever held by the Aborigines, at the mouth of the Auglaise River and by the lower Maumee, for Federating them under Direction of the British — Advance of Gen. Wayne's army — Further Intrigues of the Spanish and French — Wayne builds Forts Greenville and Recovery — British build Fort Miami by lower Maumee — Battle of Fort Recovery — Wayne's successful Expedition to and along the Maumee — Builds Forts Adams and Defiance — Great daring of American Scouts — Yet further Efforts for Peace prove Unavailing — Battle of Fallen Timber, a wholesome Defeat of the Aborigines and British — Return of army and the Strengthening of Fort Defiance — Fort Wayne built. 1792-rrfl4.

CHAPTER VIII.

General Wayne'.s Reports of his Maumee Campaign to the Secretary of War 207

Report of his March, Forts and Efiorts for Peace — of Battle of Fallen Timber — of Correspondence with British Commandant of Fort Miami — Testimony of Prisoners Criminating the British — Needs of the Northwestern Army — of his and Colonel Hamtramck's Diplomacy in turning the Aborigines from the British and Favorable to the .Americans — Letters of Colonel Hamtramck from Fort Wayne — The Aborigines' first Object-lesson in Fourth of July Celebrating — The most Important Treaty at Greenville. 17!)4-179.'i.

CHAPTER IX.

TRE.4TIES, Civil Organiz.^tions, Conspiracy of Tecumseh and the British . 236

Treaty with Spain counteracting Tendency to Secession from the Union of Inhabitants west of the Alleghenies — Immigration — Colonel Hamtramck's Letters from Fort Wayne concluded — Wampum and its Uses — The Military Stations — The British Surrender their Forts in .American territory — Scarcity of Food — Wayne County Organized — Death of Gen. Wayne — Gen. Wilkinson succeeds to Command of Northwestern Army — Court at Detroit for Wayne

CONTENTS. V

County including{this Basin — 'Further Intrigues of France and Spain cause unrest — First Territorial Legislature — Ohio and Indiana Territories Organized — Desire for Land, and Land Oflices Ohio Organized as a State — The Louisiana I'urchase quiets Secession tendencies Fort Industry — F'urther Treaties with Aborigines — Conspiracy of Tecumseh and the 'Prophet' aided by British against the Americans — United States Trading Agencies among Aborigines - Battle of

CHAI'TEK X.

The First Year of the War of 1812 .... 208

Gen. William Hull chosen to command Northwestern Army composed of Ohio Soldiers- Builds Forts M'.\rthur. Necessity, Findlay and Miami (No. G) — Despoiled by British through his Thoughtlessness — Surrenders Army to British without battle — Siege of Fort Wayne by Aborigines — Relieved by Gen. Harrison — Gen. Winchester appointed commander Northwestern Army- British force Ketreat before him Forts Barbee, Jennings, Amanda, Winchester, Feree, Ball and Stephenson built Gen. Harrison succeeds Gen. Winchester in Command and appoints him Commander of Left Wing — Winchester's five Camps at Defiance and great Scarcity of F'ood and Clothing at, with much Sickness and Death - Gen. Harrison's Report — Winchester's Advance, and Defeat, with Massacre, at the River Raisin — Fort Portage built.

CHAPTER XL

The Second and Third (Final) 'Vears of the War of 1812 . .... 318

The Center and Right Wing of Northwestern Array drawn from to Protect the Maumee region — Fort Meigs built — Military Supplies increase - Difhculties in keeping Army Recruited — Large gathering of Savages by British — Fort Meigs Besieged by British and their Savage Allies — Imprudence, Defeat, and Massacre of many of Col. Dudley's troops — Siege of Fort Meigs abandoned by British — Incidents of Army Life at Fort Meigs — Supplies — Much Sickness and Many Deaths at Fort Meigs — FoCirth of July Observance —Fort Seneca built — Second (bloodless) Siege of Fort Meigs — Brilliant repulse of British at Fort Stephenson

— The Naval Squadrons on Lake Erie — Battle and Capture of Entire British Squadron — Advance of Northwestern Army into Canada — Defeat of British Army at the River Thames — Gen. Harrison goes to Niagara to aid the .\rmy of the Center, Returns to Ohio and Resigns Command — Proctor's Selfishness — Report of Gen. Gano — More Sickness at Fort Miegs with short Supplies — Report of Gen. M'Arthur — Treaty closing War of 1812 — All Forts in this Basin Abandoned excepting Fort Wayne. 1813-1814.

CHAPTER XII.

The Aborigines, Treaties with. Missionaries Among, and Removal of . . 304

Again turn to Americans to be Fed — Important Treaties with — Expenditures for — Number of — Difficulties in Civilizing them — Their Religion — Efforts to keep Intoxicants from — Reservations for them and their Captives — Agents for

— Missionaries among the Aborigines, the F-riends, Presbyterians, Methodists, and Baptists — Great Extent of Land Claimed by Aborigines — Wisdom in Contracting their Range — Further Removal Treaties — United States pays Debts for — Vaccination of against Smallpox — Descendants of the Aborigines in General and in Particular — Cannibalism of —Later Characteristics compared with Former — Evil influences of the French and British — Many Fictions promulgated and perpetuated regarding — Their Misnaming and Mistraining — Linguistic

^i CONTENTS.

Stocks here Represented — Tribes — Had no right to claim Lands for their Continuance in Savagery. 1812-1840,

CHAPTER XUI.

The Present Drainage System of the Maumee River Basin 443

Peculiar Courses of the Nine Rivers, and the Causes — Character of the Water — The Rivers as Early Thorofares — River Craft —Service of the Rivers to the Aborigines and Early Settlers as Food Supply of Fish and Fowl — Changes wrought by Clearing the Forest and by Mills — Present Service of for Water-supply and as Resorts for Recreation and Pleasure — Description of the Maumee, Auglaise, Little Auglaise, St. Mary, St. Joseph, Blanchard, Ottawa of the Auglaise, Ottawa of the Maumee, and of the Tiffin River — Origin of their Names — Their Rapids, and former Mills by -Floods — Former Portages to and from — Boat building by, and later Commerce along — Toledo Harbor the Best by the Great Lakes — Its Shipping, and Shipbuilding.

CHAPTER XIV.

TiiK FiKST American Settlers, and the Organization of Counties . . . 513 First Settlers by the lower Maumee were Driven away by War of 1812 — Reminiscences of - Claim Damages of United States jfor Destruction or Use of Crops in the War — Survey of the United States Reservations and the Beginning of Towns — First Masonic Lodges and Churches — First Newspapers — Wood the first County Organized — Waynesfield the Mother Township — Description of Site of Defiance in 1792 — First American Settlers at Occupy buildings of Fort Winchester — Organization of Williams County with Defiance as seat of Government — Taxes paid by Bounty on Wolf-scalps — Center of Timber Industry in Clearing the Forest — First Settlers and Organizations at Fort Wayne and northeastern Indiana, and elsewhere throughout the Basin — The Ohio-Michigan Boundary Dispute. 1792-18.")0.

CHAPTER XV. .

Development of Communication, Public Lands, Schools, Libraries . . . 579 First United States Mailroutes and Postoflfices — Public Roads, Ferries, Bridges — Survey and Platting of United States Lands — Land Offices — The Private and Public Schools — Colleges — The Miami and Erie and the Wabash and Erie Canals — The Struggles for their Completion — Their Water-supply from the River St. Joseph, the headwaters of the Wabash River, of Loramie aod Six-mile Creeks and from the Maumee River — Their Junction — Altitudes — Importance of in Clearing the Forest and Developing the New Country — Great amount of Freight and Passenger Traffic — As a National Military Highway — Enemies of — Cost and Earnings of —Two United States Surveys for their Enlargement — Speculative and soon-abandoned Towns by — Abandonment of the Wabash Canal — The First Railroads — Libraries, Public at Toledo, Perrysburg. Defiance, Fort Wayne, Bryan, Van Wert, Findlay, Lima, Paulding, and Private Libraries at Fort Wayne, Defiance, and Toledo.

Iron, five inches long. Found in Maumee River Basin many years ago. Was used by Aboriyiues in spearing fish, and in battle. In Author's Collection.

Preface

Every river basin possesses characteristics that endow it with special interest, and such is particularly the case with The Maumee River Basin which is peculiar in its geoloRv, remarkable in its past history, beautilul in its landscapes rivers and lakes, and interesting in its possibilities. This book has been written to interest and inform those dwellers herein who we not already well informed regarding its characteristics and history, and that all consulting it may be better enabled to appreciate the interests and merits appertaining to this favored region.

From the dawn of its history in the seventeenth century, and probably throughout the existence of man in northeastern America, the principal rivers of this Basin have been great thoroughfares, within the Basin itself and as the most direct route between the northeastern Basin of the Great Lakes and the Basin of the Mississippi River. They have also often been the scenes of much strife between different tribes of Aborigines, even between those of the Iroquois Confederacy of New York and the Miamis ot the Maumee and further west, the giants of the Aborigines: and twice in the history of the United States this Basin has been the headquarters of armies which turned the current of events favorably to the Union, saving to it from the tightening grasp of Great Britain the invaluable territory west of the Allegheny Mountains, to the Mississippi River at least.

The Aborigines and their descendants give prominent coloring to the most part of the chronicles, through the efforts of the Europeans to involve them in all their quarrels, from the first coming of the French in the first half of the seventeenth century, through the long-continued British-French warrings, during the British succession, the .'\merican- British wars, and until the removal of the trilies beyond the Mississippi River in the first half of tlu> nineteenth century. The later record of these people here as elsewhere is far from being a pleasant one. It continued to be full of savagery, of bloodshed, and of rendings of the civilization that would have immeasurably improved their condition had thev accepted it: and the saddest part of the record is the aiding, abetting and prolonging of this savagery by the French and the British particularly, and the entailing upon the United States of an evil heritage of gigantic proportions in their confirmed evil habits. It has been the desire of the writer to treat of all these people in the light of authentic history rather than in the fictitious way of the sentimentalist. The story of the .Vborigines, for the one hundred and fifty years as told on these pages, touches every phase of their life, including every phase of individual and governmental dealings with them: and the thoughtful reader will readily recognize the source of the impulses actuating and viii PREFACE.

I

continuing their antagonism to civilization and the source and transmission of the habit of inebriety which has been the prime factor in the continuance of many of their descendants in squalor and wretchedness. No other nation has done so much for the amelioration and radical betterment of the condition of barbaric or savage people as the United States has done in general and special efforts from the first for the civilization of these Aborigines, the worst of all savages. The most important treaties and dealings with them are here given in full as studies in the history of the evolution of the ever magnanimous dealings with them by the United States. These records, now long out of publication, will become of more interest and of greater value to the student of Nations and Peoples as the time lengthens into the past.

The previous writings regarding some of the more common events in this Basin have been abundant and often conflicting, involving difficulty in discrimination. There has not been any desire with the present writer to follow anyone among the vanities of fiction or undue supposition; or in the 'graphic' style for the rounding out of a 'good' or oft repeated story to the distraction of the reader's mind from the main point, or to the impairment of accuracv. So far as practicable original documents and reports, not readily accessible to the general reader, are literally presented as possessing a value that no recasting can equal.* When necessary, notes or inserts are used to elucidate obscure places in the documents and to give them local application. Full references to authorities are given for the enquiring reader who desires to confirm the statements or to pursue the subject further. Events distantly relative are briefly treated.

The purpose of the work has been practical, and its method has been largely in consonance with the sentiment of Francis Bacon as expressed in his writing on the Advancement of Learning, that "it is the true office of history to represent the events themselves together with the counsels, and to leave the observations and conclusions thereupon to the liberty and faculty of every man's judgment."

The writer gratefully acknowledges the courtesy shown him by the elderly people and those in charge of the different libraries East and West from whom he has sought data for this work. He also disclaims responsibility for its long rest in the press and for errors that have thereby been committed.

The photographs reproduced in the engravings were generally taken by the writer excepting when otherwise mentioned.

Defiance, Ohio. CHARLES E. SLOCUM.

*It is probable that many other records of interest in the history of this first ' Northwestern Territory' will yet be brought to light from the British. French and Spanish archives, and possibly from the bundles of MSS. saved from the British hre of 1814 and now held by different departments at Washington.

cnAPTi:R I.

Situation - Extent — Climate — Surface Features.

The Maumri River Basin — tlie territory within the watersheds draining thrcivif^h tlu- Maumee RivcT - includes all the regions that are drained into the Maumee River throuj^h distant streams as well as the lands drained directly by the Maumee ; in other words, it includes the Maumee River Valley and the valleys of all streams the waters of which immediately, and remotely through other streams, debouch into the Maumee River.

It embraces Northwestern Oliio, Northeastern Indiana, and contiguous parts of Michigan, being situated between parallels 40° 23' and 42° 5' North Latitude, and between Longitude 6° 20' and 8^ 1.^)' west trom Washington, and H3 20' and H'l l.'i west from Greenwich, England.

Its greatest length and breadth are, from north to south about one hundred and ten miles, and from east to west about one hundred miles, with less extent and irregular outline between these points. The area embraced within these limits is near (i.'iOO square miles.

Previous to its clearing in the nineteenth century, this Basin was quite generally covered with dense forest growths which, from the size, solidity and variety of the timber, with its nearness to navigable water, made it the most valualile of forest regions.

The conditions were then favorable for all kinds of wild animals, large and small, then abounding in this latitude in .America.*

* The foHowiny is a list of the animals that have become extinct, and the dates of their extinction : BadBer. Taxidea americana. 1870; Bear, brown, black or cinnamon, Ursus americanus. 1872; Beaver, Castor fiber, 1837; Bison, 'buffalo,' Bison americanus. 1812; Cat, Wild, Lynx rufus, 1866; Deer, red, Cariacus v;rg/n/am;s, 1889; Deer, large. Wapiti, Cervus canadensis Erxleben, 1834; Elk, Alee alces. 1823; Fox, black and silver, and cross. Vulpes vulpes. varieties argentatus and decussatus. 1886: Fox. uray. Urocyon cinereo- argentatus. 1896; Lynx, Lynx canadensis. 1840: Otter, Lutra hudsonica. now very nearly or «iuite extinct ; Panther, concar or puma, Fe//S conco/or, 18;V); Rat, Wood, Neotoma /loridana. 1880; Sable, pine martin, Mustela americana. 186.i; Turkey, Wild, Meleagris gallopavo. 188,t: Wolf. Cams lupus. 186,5; Wolverine, Culo gulo. about 1825. Probably the Moose also ranged throueh this region. The prehistoric animals will be mentioned on later page. See the writer's check-lists of mammals, birds, and fishes of The Maumee River Basin.

There are no hills within or surrounding^ this Basin, nor do its horizons present any abrujit lines. The general surface is called flat by persons coming from hilly regions. Its glacial plains are, however, interspersed and abutted by moraines or low ridges which rise gradually on the northwest rim of the Basin to an altitude of six hundred and fortv-seven feet above Lake Erie which borders it on the northeast, and into which it drains, while on the east the highest altitude is two hundred and forty-five feet : on the south three hundred and eighty-six feet ; and on the west three hundred feet above Lake Erie, which is five hundred and seventy-three feet above tide water. The varying altitudes throughout the Basin, shown on the morainic map on a later page, indicate sufficient slopes for thorough drainage, and to afford variety of beautiful landscapes even in its most level parts.

The climate is here less severe in winter than that experienced a few miles to the north, and less variable than that beyond the divide to the south. Cold waves and severe storms occasionally announced by the United States Weather Bureau as advancing from the West and Northwest, do not regularly extend to this region: and when they are felt it is in moderated degree. The prevailing winds come from the Southwest. The snowfall is always moderate in quantity, a foot in depth being of rare occurrence in the central part of the Basin, and fifteen inches being the greatest depth experienced within the last third of a century at least. Occasionally the fall has been greater near Lake Erie. Within this period of time there have been several weeks of fair sleighing from frequent light snowfalls in some winters, with ice on the deeper waters in extreme to the thickness of thirty inches, succeeded by other winters when sleighs could be used but little if at all, and some of these winters so mild that ice did not form in sufficient thickness for storing for summer use. The temperature observed some years ago for a period of ten years showed a mean of 49.55 degrees Fahrenheit, average. The mean average fall of rain and snow (melted) during ten years observation has been 38.9087 inches. The last few years the precipitation has not been so great. Careful observations during a great number of years may vary these records, as long cycles of time may be necessary to show all the extremes in any region.

The earlier tillers of the soil found it very wet. The clay and solid subsoil, which abound in many parts, retained the water without ditches and in forest shadows a long time, often throughout the year. On this account much of this Basin was termed the Black Swamp, a name which was in common application to all of the more level surfaces until the last few years. The clearing of the land and the digging of large ditches with tributary tile drains, have dried and aerated the soil and brought it into good condition for profitable cultivation. The

INTRODUCTORY. 3

constituents of the soil are such as to make this a rt^iion of tiieat and (luiiiiiU- Icitilitv, with (|uiti- uniform production of tiie varied crops usuall}- cultivated in this latitude, winter wheat, maize (corn), hay, potatoes, oats, rye, and barley hein^ the i)rincipai cro]>s. Flax, tol)acco, hrooni-corn, sor^liuni, suyar luits, etc., have also been proved profitable tor cultivation.

Good apyiles, peaches, ju-ars, iihuns, and (grapes are i)roduced in larjfe (|uantities, and increasing attention is beinti K'iven to the cidtivation of various kinds of smaller fruits ; also to market jiardeninj;.

A ttoodlv number of cattle, horses, ho(.(s, sheep, and latterly goats, have been bred, and the numbers are increasing' from year to year, showing that the soil and other conditions are well adapted to stock raising. Defiance, the central part of the Basin, has also become one of the shii)ping i)oints of the largest amount of |)oultry to the New York market.

Svvamii miasms were rife from the first records of this Maumee region and during the period of ckaring away the forest, the oi)ening of the ground to the direct rays of the sun, during the earlier turnings of the soil in its cultivation, and in public works. Ague — intermittent fever — in its different forms, and the severer remittent fevers, were quite general and severe until the year 1875 in most parts of the Basin ; and in the less developed parts these diseases continued for several years later. The writer, in the practice of his profession, has treated virulent types of these affections in many families where there was not a member in good health to nurse those dangerously sick. These diseases were most prevalent and severe in dry summers : and the following winters inflammatory diseases were numerous and virulent on account of the weakened condition of the peoiale from the malaria. The death rate, although no higher than in other places throughout the country, was greater those years than it has since been. In fact, since the passing of the swamps and their miasms the healthfulness of this Basin ranks very favorably with that of any region in America. Most parts have been comparatively free from the severer forms of contagious diseases, including tuberculosis. In later years longevity has attained a high standard. The death rate averages comparatively low, it being by the thousand inhabitants in the year 1901 or 1902 as follows:

In Ohio for 1901: Ada, 12.03: Bryan, 14.37: Ottawa, 6.80: Maumee, 9.1t): Lima, 13.30: Delphos, 14.17: Grand Rapids, 9.11: Napoleon, 7.97; Wauseon, 7.91: Fayette, 15.80 : St. Marys, 18.25.

In Ohio for 1902: Defiance, 8.50: Van Wert, 9.87>^ ; Findlay, 11.381; Toledo, U.oiyi ; Wapakoneta, 15.33'3.

In Indiana for 1902: Angola, 8.84,"^: Fort Wavne, 11.50.

THE COUNTIES COMPOSING THE MAUMEE RIVER BASIN.

Name

From Whom or What Named

Formed

From What Taken

Attached to for Government

Adams, Ind.

Pres. John Adams

Randolph and Allen Counties

Allen County

Allen, Ind.

Allen, Ohio Auglaize. Ohio Defiance, Ohio De Kalb. Ind.

Fulton. Ohio Hancock. Ohio

Col. John Allen Col. John Allen Auglaize River Fort Defiance Baron De Kalb Robert Fulton John Hancock

Randolph and Delaware

Aborigine Territory Allen. Logan, Darke. Shelby.

Mercer and Van Wert

Williams, Henry and Paulding

Allen and Lagrange

Lucas, Henry and Williams

Mercer County fi

Wood County

Hardin, Ohio

Col. John Hardin

April I. 1830

Logan, Champaign

Henry. Ohio

Patrick Henry

Wood, Williams

Hillsdale, Mich.

Lenawee, Mich.

Lucas, Ohio Mercer. Ohio

Topography

Aborigine

Gov. Robert Lucas

Gen. Hugh Mercer

Wood County .aborigine Territory

Darke County

Noble. Ind.

Paulding, Ohio

John Paulding

Wood, Williams

Putnam, Ohio

Gen. Israel Putnam

April 1, 1H30

Wood, Williams

Seneca. Ohio

Aborigine Tribe

Shelby, Ohio

Gen. Isaac Shelby

*>0

Steuben. Ind.

Van Wert, Ohio

Baron Steuben Isaac Van Wert

18;17

Allen County .Aborigine Territory

Darke and Mercer oo

Wells, Ind.

Williams, Ohio

William Wells Daniel Williams

Wood County

0.1

Wood, Ohio Wyandot, Ohio

Col. Eleazer D. Wood Aborigine Tribe

Aborigine Territory Crawford. Hancock, Hardin and Marion Cos.

i>r>

AMERICAN BISON I Bison americanus).

Became extinct in this Basin about the year 1813,

WITH SOMETHING OF THEIR DATA. ARE AS FOLLOWS:

Population

Part

IN THE

Uasim

Where Governed

H

B,

s.

Ok(;ani/ki)

IKItU

2.26-1

9,3.53

11,382

15.,385

20.181

22,2.32

3-lths

Decatur

4,142

.').942

16,919

29,338

43,491

,54,763

66.689

77.270

4-5ths

Fort Wayne

4.5.115

June , 1H31

9.079

12.109

19,185

33,623

31,314

40.644

47.976

Lima

21,723

IWH

17,187

30,011

35,444

28.100

31.198 g-lOths

Wapakoneta

3,915

11,886

15,719

33,515

25.769

26..387

Defiance

7,657

1.968

8.251

13,880

17,167

30,225

24.307

2.5,71 1

Auburn

3,396 l-cl>y. 3H, \HM

7.781

14,013

17,789

21,053

22.023

22,801

Wauseon

2,148

April 7. IHSX

9.986

16,751

32,886

3:1,847

27,784

42.. 563

41,993

Findlay

17,613

Jany. 3. IS:i3

4.598

8,251

13,570

18,714

27,023

38.939

31,187 l-4th

Kenton

6,852

2..503

3.434

8.901

1 1,(>>8

20,585

25.080

27,282

I9-20ths

Napoleon

3,639

7.240

35.075

31,695

30.660

29,865

1-2

Hillsdale

4,151

1.491

17.889

20,372

38,112

45,,595

49,324

48.448

48,406

Kith

Adrian

9,6,54

1?

Juiw: . is:t,-i

9,382

12,363

2.5,831

46,722

67,377

102.296

153,559

Toledo

131,822

April 17, 1S34

1.110

8.277

7,713

14,104

17,2.54

31,808

27.220

28.021

34ths

Celina

2,815

2.702

7,946

14,915

20,389

22,956

23.359

23.533 l-5th

Albion

1,324

ISill

1(!1 l.lKil

1 jn;

4,945

8.1)44

13,485

25.932

27,528

PauldiuK

2,080

18;)4

2;»

5.189

7,231

12,«)8

17.081

23,713

30.188

32,535

9-lOths

Ottawa

2,322

.'j.lM

18.128

37,104

30,868

30.827

36,947

40.869

41,163 l-20th

Tiffin

10,989

2,106

3.671

13,9,58

17,493

30.748

24.137

34.707

34,625

1-lOth

Sidney

5.688

2.578

6,104

10,374

12.8,54

14,645

14.478

1,5,319 l-4th

Angola

2.141

1 .577

4,793

10,238

15.823

33,038

39.671

30,394

Van Wert

6.422

1.822

6,1,52

10,848

13.585

18,442

31.514

23,449 l-20th

Bluffton

4.479

4.465

8,018

16,633

20.991

33,831

24,897

24,953

Bryan

3.131

1.102

5.357

9,1,57

17,886

24..596

34,022

44,,392

51,555 l-3rd

Bowling Green

5.067

11,194

15„596

18.553

23.395

21,722

21,125 l-15th

Up'r Sandusky

3.355

THE MAUMEE RIVER BASIN.