A hand-book for cement users

Contents

Preface 9

Specifications for Tift: Use of Cement 226

Index 367

Preface

The publication of the first edition of the Directory of American Cement Industries and Hand- Book for Cement Users in 1901, was the direct result of the many demands for information upon all subjects connected with the manufacture, sale and use of cement which have been made upon Munipal Engineering Magazine, and of the conclusion, drawn from close observation, that the time had arrived for the publicaof a book giving, more particularly from the practical and commercial standpoints, the answers to all the classes of questions which those interested in cement are asking. The instant success of the book proved the correctness of this conclusion. A new edition was called for in 1902, and it was much larger and more complete than the first edition. The rapid increase in the cement trades since 1900 shows in the greatly increased number of names in the directorv sections, and when the third edition of the Directory of American Cement Industries was called for in 1904, it became so large that a separation was made and the third edition of the Directory was published without the Hand-Book. An extra edition of the Hand-Book section of the second edition of the combined book was published and bound separately, and has been sold as the Hand-Book for Cement Users. On account of this extra number the third edition of the Hand-Book was not called for until the end of 1901. Advantage is taken of this opportunity to rewrite those portions of the book in which progress has been made and especially to add a full statement of the use of concrete in buildings, in solid and hollow concrete walls, in hollow cement building blocks, in floors and in various forms of reinforced concrete construction. The latter treatment is extended to bridges, arches, culverts, etc., in amplification of and addition to what has appeared in early editions.

The introductory chapter is revised in view of the great advances in the cement trade and in the uses to which cement is put. A review of these advances makes a considerable addition to the chapter.

In the chapters on testing cement, on specifications for cement and for its use, on the uses of cement and on testing laboratories, additions have been made to cover the latest developments in the technical societies, in the use of cement in public and private work, large and small, and the best new things in specifications and descriptions of methods. Some illustrations in the form of reproductions of drawings and photographs are added. While these pictures are not essentials, they aid in giving clearness to descriptions and fixing them in the memory.

A new chapter is inserted upon the manufacture of cement, giving a paper by a prominent manufacturer, with descriptions of the various methods and machinery in use in this country.

The general features of each chapter, with the above exceptions, are the same as in the first edition, and may be stated as follows :

The chapter on the uses of cement is not small, but it is not complete. The extension of the use of cement has been so rapid in the last few years that it is difficult to keep pace with it. The chapter tries to confine itself to such uses as have stood the test of time and is believed to fill the field it attempts to cover satisfactorily. It will be still further extended in future as may seem desirable.

The chapter on specifications gives samples of standard specifications for the various uses of cement which are known to give satisfaction. Variations with conditions of climate, soil, materials, etc., are shown in the difference in specifications. The author and the locality for which the specification is made are given whenever it seemed desirable.