Wonders of the tropics; or, Explorations and adventures of Henry M. Stanley and other world-renowned travelers, including Livingstone, Baker, Cameron, Speke, Emin Pasha, Du Chaillu, Andersson, etc., etc. ...

Front matter

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Preface

The wonderful discoveries and thrilling adventures of the world's greatest explorer, Henry M. Stanley, are related in this new work. It is a record of the most daring achievements and heroic deeds of modern times, describing the long and perilous journeys, the terrible sufferings, the brilliant conflicts with ferocious men and beasts, the grand discoveries, which have awakened intense interest and aroused thfe enthusiastic admiration of all civilized nations.

The work depicts the brave struggles and hard-earned .successes of Stanley's early life, from the poor boy, dependent on charity, to the sturdy young soldier, carrying the knapsack and rifle. He becomes a correspondent of one of our great daily journals, is suddenly despatched to Africa to find the famous explorer, Livingstone, and enters upon his. marvelous career.

Stanley's first great journey in the Dark Continent is vividly described. The reader follows the mighty explorer, becomes a sharer of his hardships and perils, and journeys with him through a land wonderful for the richness and variety of its recources, the grandeur and beauty of its scenery, the abundance of its animal life, and the remarkable traits and customs of its savage races.

Before the onward march of the famous explorer, a path opens through the thickest jungle ; broad rivers shrink to rivulets; the rugged pass becomes a smooth highway; wild animals flee in dismay; the American axe hews down sturdy forests ; the frail canoe descends foaming rapids and crosses inland seas; the Dark Continent gives up.the secrets that have baffled the world for thousands of years.

The reader shares the thrill of excitement, joy and triumph, as Stanley, after the most heroic struggle, finds Livingstone and, grasps his hand!

Stanley's next expedition, from Zanzibar right across the continent.to the Congo, is so full of perilous adventure, so remarkable for pluck, and \esolution, that it stands out boldly as the greatest achievement of our times. He vanishes from the sight of the civilized world. Weeks and months pass, and no intelligence comes from the intrepid explorer. Curiosity as to his fate becomes anxiety, and the anxiety grows into terrible suspense. Seasons roll their rounds .and. still no. news from. Stanley!

11 PREAFCE.

After untold privations, daring deeds and amazing triumphs, Stanleyemerges from the wilds of the Dark Continent amidst the acclamations of both hemispheres. The nineteenth century records no triumph more sublime than that of crossing, from sea to sea, this wild country, which had hitherto baffled all attempts to explore its silent mysteries. But the dazzling achievements of our great hero were not completed. Emin Pasha was located somewhere in the tropical wilderness, and struggling to hold the country of which he was ruler. Again Stanley hastened to the rescue ; again he was lost in the wilds of Africa ; again the interest of the world was awakened concerning his fate; and in this last great triumph he has put the climax upon all his previous explorations and victories, having crossed the Dark Continent again, this time from west to east.

This work also gives a full and thrilling account of the marvelous discoveries of other world-renowned travelers in the Tropics. The reader is made a fellow-explorer with the immortal Livingstone, who traversed boundless regions where the foot of civilized man had never trod; with Sir Samuel Baker, Speke and Grant, whose daring expeditions in Central Africa place them in the front rank of modern heroes ; with Du Chaillu, Cameron, Andersson, Baldwin and others, whose undaunted bravery in the face of danger, and victories over bloodthirsty savages and wild beasts, have a resistless fascination.

A brilliant panorama of tropical wonders passes before the reader's gaze. He traverses vast and. fertile plains, luxuriant valleys and desert wastes. He sees savage tribes in their curious costumes ; their strange marriage customs ; their ludicrous superstitions ; their reckless deeds of violence ; their monstrous social and religious rites, involving the frightful sacrifice of human life. He witnesses grotesque war-dances ; singular freaks of medicine men and rain makers; and strange antics of wizards. He beholds the majestic lion, the gigantic hippopotamus and fierce crocodile, monkey tribes, gorillas and venomous boa-constrictors, the fleet-footed ostrich, giraffe and zebra, the huge rhinoceros and bounding gazelle, and the ponderous elephant jarring the earth with his heavy tread. He witnesses the adventures of the chase, and deeds of daring surpassing the most startling tales of romance. He is captivated with tropical birds, arrayed in plumage of unrivalled beauty, and with brilliant forms of insect life, wonderful as the gigantic beasts of the plain and jungle.

Stanley's recent expedition for the relief of the world-renowned Emin Pasha fixes upon him the gaze of all civilized peoples. The latest adventures and discoveries are fully narrated in this work.

Chapter I. Stanley's Early Life

A Remarkable Man — Solving the Mysteries of the Dark Continent — Stanley's Birth in Wales — Sent in Early Life to the Almshouse at St. Asaph — A Teacher in Flintshire—Struggling to Obtain Means for an Education — The Restless Spirit Showing itself— Seeking the New World — A Cabin Boy, Bound from Liverpool to New Orleans — The Welsh Boy Adopted by Stanley of New Orleans — Honesty and Capacity of the Boy — Death of Stanley's Benefactor — No Property Falls to the Adopted Son — Stanley in California — A Free and Happy Life Among Bold Adventurers — The School of Human Nature — Power of Endurance and Readiness for Daring Enterprises — Carrying the Knapsack and Rifle — A Soldier in the Confederate Army — Captured by Union Forces — Becomes Connected with the New York Herald — Off for the Battle-field in Turkey — Robbed by Brigands — Stanley Returns to England — The Children's Dinner at the Poorhouse — Sent by James Gordon Bennett with the British Abyssinian Expedition — Stanley's Messages First to Reach London — Livingstone Lost in Africa — Remarkable Midnight Interview with Mr. Bennett — "Find Livingstone at any Cost" 17

CHAPTER n.

THRILLING ADVENTURES IN AFRICA.

. Africa a World of Surprises and Wonders — ^Journeys of Livingstone — The Young Scotch Boy — Born of Noble Parentage— An Ancestry of Sturdy Scotch Qualities — David's Factory Life — Eager Thirst for Knowledge — Tending the Loom, with One Eye on His Book — Studying Latin — A Lover of Heroic Deeds — Early Promise of Rising to Distinction — Resolves to Become a Medical Missionary in China — Departure for Africa — Physical Nerve and Endurance — Encounter with a Ferocious Lion — Livingstone's Narrow Escape — Gordon Cumming's Description of the Noble Beast — A Powerful Animal — Beauty of the Lion — Roar of the Forest King — Frightful Ferocity — The Lion's Fearlessness — Requirements of Lion Hunters— Brave Character of Livingstone 33

Chapter III. Livingstone Among Savages

Livingstone's Life Among the Backwains — An Intelligent Chief — Trying to Whip the Heathen into Conversion — Appearance of the Backwains — Peculiar Head- Dress— Expert Thieves — A Bewitched Kettle — A Horrible Deed — An African Congress — Thrilling War Songs — Carrying on War for Glory — Livingstone's

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Interest in this Tribe— Singular Superstitions — Medicine Men and Rain Doctors — Barbarous Practices — Severe Training for Boys — The Girls' Ordeal — Romantic Dances — Construction of Houses — Curious Burial Customs — Funeral Dances Among the Latookas — An Active Chief — The Rich No Better Than the Poor — Odd Decorations— ^Graceful Movements 47

Chapter IV. A Celebrated African Tribe

Livingstone's Great Interest in the Makololo Tribe — The Fate of Ancient Nations — Extraordinary Changes in Southern Africa — Obscure Origin of the Hottentots — Displaced by the More Powerful Kaffirs — The Great Chief of the Makololo — Severe Punishment for Cowards — A Royal Young Snob — Fear of the Ferocious Lion — Headlong Charge of the Buffalo upon Hunters — Livingstone's Story of His Wagon — A Race in Eating — Frightful Battle with Hippopotami — Frail Boat Surrounded by Ugly Brutes — Superior Makololo Women — Mode of Building Houses — Strong Walls and Thatched Roofs — Strange Ideas of a Boatman — Offenders Flung to Crocodiles — Dividing the Spoils of Hunting — Sports of African Children — A Queen's Opinion of White People — Better Looking than she Imagined — A Grotesque and Exciting Dance... 77

Chapter V. Perils Of Tropical Explorations

Remarkable Successes of Livingstone — Forming a Station in the Wilderness — The Explorer Builds a House — Search for a Great Lake— A Desert with Prodigious Herds of Wild Animals — Starting on a Perilous Journey — Wagons Left in Charge of Natives — Travelling in Frail Canoes — Haunts of the Hippopotami — Thrilling Adventure with Crocodiles — Frantic Struggles to Escape from Death — Shooting the Huge Monster — Seized with a Sudden Horror— A Great Splash and a Cry of Joy— Ancient Crocodiles with Immense Jaws — Exciting Encounter with a River-Horse — A Remarkable Chief — Rivers and Swamps Breeding Fevers — Reaching the Banks of the Zambesi — Prevalence of a Troublesome Fly — A Magnificent River — Livingstone's Journey of a Thousand Miles with his Family — Malicious Attack by the Dutch Boers — Livingstone's House Plundered — The Explorer Reaches the Capital of the Makololo — Cordial Welcome from the Natives — The Young King Has a Rival — Ascending the Great River Zambesi — Attempt on the Life of the King — Makololo Architecture — A Grand Dance — Expedition to the West — The Balonda Country — A Visit to Shinti— Scarcity ol Food — Arrival at Loanda — Attacked by Savages— On the Leeba— Arrival at Linyanti 98

Chapter VI. Strange Places And Peoples

Dangers of River Navigation — Luxuriant Wild Fruits — Skillful Management of Canoes by Natives — Magnificent Scenery — Man Seized by a Crocodile— Beautiful Flowers and Wild Honey — Strapping Chieftainess Smeared with Fat and Red Ochre — Pompous Chief— Curious Piano — Portuguese Traders — Warm Reception to the

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Explorers— Lifting off Roofs of Houses to Cover the Travellers — A Chief who Killed His Subjects for Amusement— Remarkable Custom for Cementing Friendship — Tricksters who Want Money — Livingstone Suffers from Fever — Savage Attack upon the Expedition — Using Charms and Cuppiiig for Sickness — Black Corporal for an Escort— Beautiful Country Going to Waste — Vast Herds of Cattle— Ar Ornamental Garden — Natives Astonished by Strange Sights — Generous Gifts o f Jolly Tars— "Stones that Burn" — An Attractive Town — The Irrepressible Donkey — Strange Belitf in Evil Spirits— Grotesque Head-dresses — Fine Sport with the Gun — The Expedition Travelling in Small Canoes — Livingstone Charged by a Buffalo — Noisy Welcome to the Explorers — Troops of Elephants 103

Chapter VII. Adventurous Journey To The East Coast

Livingstone's Resolve to Reach the East Coast — A Fine Race of Negroes— One hundred and fourteen Trustworthy Men — The Brave Leaders of the Company — A Terrible Strorm- Sailing Down the River — Far-famed Victoria Falls — Scene of Extreme Beauty — Ascending Clouds of Spray — Immense Baobab Tree — Strange Mode of Salutation— Traffic in Ivory— Buffalo Brought Down with the Rifle — Presents from a Peace-loving Chief— Vast Numbers of Wild Animals — Huge Hippopotami and their Young — How the Natives Capture Elephants — Strange Appearance of the Natives — Mouths like those of Ducks — Hostilities by a Village Chief— Remains of an Old Portuguese Settlement— The Doctor's Ox Gallops off- Strange Cries and Waving Fire-brands — Visit from two Old Men — American Calico in a Far Land — Surprising Instinct of the Elephant — The Enormous Beast Taught to Work for his Master— A New Way of Laying Timbers — Remarkable Story by an English Officer — Extraordinary Sagacity of the Elephant — Dangers in the Path of the Expedition — Great Risk from Being Attacked by Lions — Dreadful Encounter with a King of the Forest— A " Civilized Breakfast" — Kind Reception by an English Major — Natives who Plant Gold for Seed — Tree Supposed to Have Remarkable Medical Virtues — Four Years away from Cape Town — Ravages of Famine — A Chief who Wishes to Visit England — Seized with Insanity and Lost Overboard — Livingstone arrives in England 137

Chapter VIII. Afloat On The River Zambesi

Fresh Start for a Long Exploring Tour — An English Steamer in African Waters — Battle between the Portuguese and a Savage Chief— Rescue of the Governor — The "Ma-Robert" Commences Her Voyage — Astonishment of the Natives — Hardships of Travelling in the Tropics — A Swift C&taract— The Murchinson Falls — A Chief Loses His Little Girl — Natives Obstructing the Exiiedition— Searching for a Great Lake — Pursued by a Buffalo— Trap for the Hijipopota mus— Failure to. Recover the Lost Child — Singular Ideas of Female Beauiy— Fearful Cry from the River — A Native's Deadly Combat with a Crocodile — Monsters Hatched from Eggs —Discovery of the Great Lake— Scarcity of Water — Return of the " Ma Robert " — A Conspicuous Fraud — Hostile Chief Conciliated — Abundance of Game and Numerous Lions — Sketch of the Batoka Tribe— Peculiar Fashion of Wearing the Hair — Masters of the Canoe— Perils among Breakers—

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Very Polite Savages— Singular Customs and Ceremonies— Fearless Hunters — Native Belief in a Future Existence — Melodious Sounds of Music— African Poets — Incorrigible Liars — Put to Death for Bewitching a Chief— Gang of Cattle Stealers — Adventure with a River Horse — Man Saved on a Rock — Tropical Chameleon — A Marveleous Reptile— Shifting Colors — Seized by a Crocodile — Horse and Rider Terribly Wounded 159

Chapter IX. Battling With Difficulties And Dangers

Setting Out in a Leaky Vessel — A Losing Adventure — Bishop Mackenzie's Arrival — The " Pioneer" gets Aground— Description of a Well-known tribe — Farming in Africa— Generous Hospitality — Remarkable Costumes — Elegant Tattooing — Natives that Seldom Wash — An African Dancing Party — Belief in Visits from Departed Spirits — Burning Villages — Battle with Ajawa Warriors— Transporting the Boats Overland — Sudden and Terrific Siorm — Air Thick with Midges — Enormous Crocodiles — Camp Plundered by Thieves— Dangers Thicken — The Expedition on its Return — Mrs. Livingstone's Arrival — Deaths of Bishop Mackenzie and Mrs. Livingstone — Lonely Graves in a Strange Land — Bullets and Poisoned Arrows— Immense Flocks of Beautiful Birds — The Fiery Flamingo — Wine from the Palm — A Bird's Extraordinary Nest— Odd Specimen of the Monkey Tribes — Deserted Country — Lord Russell Recalls the Expedition — Alarm from Savage Invaders — The " Pioneer" Disabled— Livingstone at Bombay 190

Chapter X. Livingstone Lost In The Dark Continent

Sensation Caused by Livingstone's Discoveries — New Expedition — Arrival at Zanzibar — Hard March Across thtl Country — Desertion of Sepoys — Arrival on the Shores of the Lake— No Canoes — Report of Murders by Arabs — Desertions Among the Men— Story of Livingstone's Death — Excitement in England— Expedition Sent to Learn the Explorer's Fate— Ravages by a Savage Tribe — Thieves in the Camp— Loss of the Medicine Chest — Sufferings from Fever — Arrival at Tanganyika — A New Lake on the West — Further Progress Stopped — Patient Waiting — Off for the New Lake at Last — Down the Lake to Cazembe's-High and Mighty Potentate — Formal Reception to Livingstone — Presents to the Chief- Shocking Stories of Human Sacrifices — Cropping off Ears and Lopping off Hands — A Tribe that Smelts Copper-ore— Hot Springs and Frequent Earthquakes — Exploring Lake Bangweolo— Grave in the Forests — " Poor Mary Lies on Shupanga Brae " — Rernarkable Discovery — Modesty of the Great Explorer.. ..219

Chapter XI. Terrible Sufferings And Narrow Escapes

Great Excitement Among the Natives by the Presence of a White Man — Cruise on a Large Lake— Strike of Canoe-Men — Only a Coverlet with which to hire another Canoe— Food Obtained by Shooting Buffaloes — Fine Sport for the Hunter — How the Buffalo is Hunted— Thrillincr Adventure with the Huge Brute— A Hottentot

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Dodging in the Bushes — Terrible Foe — Adventure of a Friend of Livingstone — A Dangerous Meeting with Two Lions — Charge of a Mad Buffalo — Livingstone Pursues His Journey — A Country Convulsed by War — Mohammed and other Arab Traders — Flight for Life — Livingstone Pacifies the Natives — Return of Deserters — Start for Ujiji— Serious Illness — A Dauntless Hero — Encounter with an Elephant— Beautiful Monkeys in the Forest — Thousands of Ants on the March — Graphic Description of Manyuema — Degraded Tribe of Cannibals — Market Scene in Manyuema — Terrible Massacre — Disastrous Attempt to Go Forward — Lake Named after President Lincoln — The Explorer's Account cf the Soko — Freaks of a Strange Animal — A Wild Creature that Never Attacks Women — Amusing Female Soko — Ten Men with Stores Meet Livingstone — Shocking Barbarity — Hundreds of Lives Lost— Shameful Cruelty and Destruction — Off on Foot for Ujiji — Near to Death— People Who Eat Their Enemies- Arrival at Ujiji — Sick, Worn out and m Desperate Straits 246

Chapter XII. Stanley Hastening To The Rescue

Livingstone Traced to Ujiji — Search Expedition Organized in England — Alarm and Sorrow at the News of Livingstone's Death — News Discredited by Sir Roderick Murchison — Mr. Young Sent Out to Find the Lost Explorer — The Little Steel Vessel — The Expedition Hears of a White Man— Traces of Livingstone — :Natives Know Livingstone by His Photograph — Cheering News— Another Search Expedition — Money Eagerly Subscribed — Men Selected for the Undertaking — Stanley Leads the Way — Stanley on the March— Guides, Carriers and Donkeys — Band Music and Lively Songs — Natives Carrying Heavy Burdens on their Heads, — Perils and Difficulties of the Journey — Qualities Required in an Explorer — Tangled Brake and Wild Animals— The Ferocious Rhinoceros — Excitements of the Chase— A Monster Fleet as a Gazelle — Conflict Between an Elephant and Rhinoceros — Mr. Oswald s Narrow Escape — The Hunter Scarred for Life — Stanley s Misfortunes — Sentence of Flogging on a Deserter — The Donkey Whip — Daughter of an Infamous King — Urging Forward the Caravan -Sending Away a Sick Man — Stanley Frii^htens an Arab Sheik — Across Marshes and Rivers — Half Buried in a Swamp— Stanley's Graphic Account — Pursuit of a Runaway — The Fugitive Captured— Two Dozen Lashes and Put in Irons — The Captor Rewarded — Coral Beads for a Native's Wife 277

Chapter XIII. Stanley's Heroic Achievements

Stanley's Marvellous Courage and Enterprise — Abundance of Supplies — Perils Surrounding the Expedition— Paying Tribute to Chiefs — Dense Jungles and Thickets of Thorns — A Country Teeming with Noble Game — A Merry Bugler and His Horn — Stanley Invited to the House of a Sheik- Three Caravans Arrive m S.ifety — Letters to Livingstone Long Delayed — Illness of Stanley — The Explorer Senseless for Two Weeks— Shaw Agam Breaks Down— Chief Mirambo Disputes the March of the Expedition— Stanley Joins the Arab Forces — Deadly Encounter with Mirambo — Stanley's Graphic Account of the Conflict — Mirambo Gets His Foe into Ambush — Disastrous Defeat of the Arab Forccs — Stanley s Hasty

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Flight— Setting off Hurridly at Midnight — Urging Forward the Donkeys — Safe at Last — Arab Boy Faithful to His American Master — News of Farquhar's Death — Burning a Village— Mirambo Retreats — Stanley's Little Slave Boy — How the Name Kalulu was Obtained — Shaw is Sent Back — Narrow Escape From a Crocodile — Capture of an Immense Reptile — A Traveler's Startling Adventure — Mutiny in Stanley's Camp — Securing the Friendship of a Powerful Chief Home of the Lion and the Leopard— Stanley in Pursuit of Adventure— Encounter witli a Wild African Boar — Kalulu Badly Frightened— Crossing a P. rilous Rivtr- Exciting News of a White Man— Stanley Longs for a Horse — Expedition in High Spirits — More Demand for Tribute — A Bivouac in Silence — Passing Through an African Village— Great Alarm Among ihe Natives— Arrival at Last — March of Two Hundred and Thirty six Days 297

Chapter XIV. Stanley Finds The Lost Explorer

Stanley's Perseverance — Mastering Mountains of Difficulty — Bent on Finding Livingstone — Characteristics of the Two Great Explorers — Livingstone's Touching Reference to the Death of His Wife — Wonderful Results of African Exploration — Stanley Approaches Ujiji— News of a Brother White Man — Great Exciternent Among the Travellers — Unfurling Flags and Firing Guns — Ujiji Surprised by the Coming of the Caravan— People Rushing by Hundreds to Meet Stanley — Joyous Welcome — Meeting the Servant of Livingstone — Flags, Streamers and Greetings — Livingstone's Surprise — The Great Travellers Face to Face— Stanley Relating the News of the Past Six Years— Livingstone's Personal Appearance — A Soldier from Unyanyembe — A Celebrated Letter Bag — Letters a Year Old — Narrative of Great Events — What Livingstone Thought of Stanley's Arrival — Letter to James Gordon Bennett — The Explorer's Forlorn Condition — On the Eve of Death when Stanley Arrived — Livingstone Thrilled by Mr. Bennett's Kmdness— Some Account of flie Country Visited— Discussing Future Plans — Stanley's Description of Livingstone — Fine Example of the Anglo-Saxon Spirit — Life Given to Ethiopia's Dusky Children — Livingstone's Marvellous Love for Africa 317

Chapter XV. Livingstone's Last Journey

Stanley and Livingstone at Ujiji— Cruise on Lake Tanganyika — GiantS' of African Discovery — Meetmg Enemies Upon the Shores — Geographers who Never Travel — Dusky Forms Dodging From Rock to Rock — Mountains Seven Thousand Feet High— Important Discovery — Livingstone's Desperate Resolve — Stanley Leaves for Zanzibar — Affecting Parting Between the Two Great Explorers — Livingstone's Intended Route — Later Search Expeditions — Livingstone's Sad and Romantic History — Timely Arrival of Reinforcements from Stanley — Start for the Southwest at Last Made — Without Food for Eight Days— Westward Once More— Continued Plunging In and Out of Morasses — Turbid Rivers and Miry Swamps— Natives Afraid of the White M.m -Extract from the " Last Journals" — Crossing the Chambeze— Gigantic Difficuhies Encountered— Livingstone Again Very 111— " Pale, Bloodless and Weak from Profuse Bleeding "—Rotten Tents

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Torn to Shreds — The Last Service — Livingstone Carried on a Litter — The Doctor Falls from His Donkey— A Night's Rest in a Hut — Natives Gather Round the Litter— A Well-known Chief Meets the Caravan — The Last Words Livingstone Ever Wrote— The Dying Hero Slowly Carried by Faithful Attendants — The Last Stage— Drowsiness and Insensibility — Ljing Under the Broad Eaves of a Native Hut — The Final Resting Place — Livingstone's Dying Words — The World's Great Hero Dead — Sorrowful Procession to the Coast — Body Transported to England — Funeral in Westminster Abbey — Crowds of Mourners and Eloquent Eulogies — Inscription on the Casket 332

Chapter XVI. Stanley And The Congo

Stanley's Absorbing Interest in Livingstone's Explorations — His Resolve to Find a Path from Sea to Sea — A Man of Remarkable Enterprise — Determined to Accomplish His Object at Any Cost — Description of the Congo Region — Once the Most Famous Kingdom of Africa — A King Glorious in Trinkets — People Prostrating Themselves Before Their Monarch — The Whims of a Despot — Taxes Levied oh Furniture — Killing Husbands to Get Their Wives — Strange and Savage Customs — Messengers Collecting Slaves and Ivory— A Nation Famous as Elephant Hunters and Men Stealers— Worship of a Wicked Deity — Priests with Absolute Power — Sacred Fire Burning Continually — A Priest so Holy That He Cannot Die a Natural Death — Test of Red Hot Iron Applied to the Skin — How the Congoese Disfigure Themselves — Outlandish Dress — Husbands Rebuked for Neglecting to Beat Their Wives— Pipes and Palm Wine — A Notorious Queen — Followed by a Host of Lovers — Horrible Practices — Slaughter of Male Children — The Queen's Tragic End — Queen Shinga and Her Daring Exploits— Female Demon— Universal Polygamy— Eating Habits of the Congo Tribes — Agonies of Indigestion — Singular Modes of Salutation — Stanley's Description of Welcoming Strangers — Love for Titles and Sounding Names— How Wives Manage Husbands — Famous Old King of the Gaboon — King William's Principal Wife — A Monarch Arrayed in Scarlet — Ferocious Tribes— Traders and Their Wares — Stanley's Description of the Country — Superstitions and Paganism — Animal Life in Congo — Antelopes, Zebras and Buffaloes — Beautiful Monkey Tribe — Wild Attack of Cannibals — Immense War- Boat — Eveilasting Din of Drums — Horns Carved out of Elephants' Tusks— Wild War Cry — Singular Temple of Ivory — Horrid Monument of Mud and Skulls. ..350

CHAPTER XVn.

STANLEY'S GREAT JOURNEY FROM SEA TO SEA.

The Greatest Feat on Record— Stanley's Journey Across the Continent to the Congo — Expedition Planned by the Daily Telegraph of London and the New York //'^ra/a?— Englishmen in the Party — The Barge Named the "Lady Alice"- An Army of Followers to Carry the Outfit — Journey to the Victoria Nyanza — Speculation as to the Sources of the Nile — Dangers of Travelling in the Dark Continent — Crawling Through Jungles — A Famine-stricken District — Two Young Lions for Food — Stanley's Pity for His Famishing Men— Death of a Young Englishman—Burial Under a Tree — Discovery of the Extreme Soutthern Sources of the Nile — Arrival at Vinyata — Strange O.d Magic Doctor — Breaking Out of Hostili-

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ties— Severe Loss of Men — Treachery of Natives — Arrival of Six Beautiful Canoes — Stanley Receives a Royal Invitation — The Creat King Mtesa Welcomes the Traveller — Prodigal Display of Hospitality — Great Naval Parade in Honor of the Visitor — Uganda, the Country of King Mtesa — Startling Horrors of African Life — Severe Punishments Inflicted by the King — Errand Boys in Picturesque Dress — The King's Power of Life or Death — A Queen's Narrow Escape — Instruments of Torture — A Powerful Despot — Review of the Warriors — History of the Old King — Strange Tales of the Ancient Times — Marvellous Military Drill — Singular Funeral Customs — Description of King Mtesa in Early Life — How the King Receives Visitors — Royal Ceremonies — Supersiitious Dread of a Water Spirit — Decorations and Mystic Symbols — Worshipping with Fife and Drum — The African's Indolent Character— Stanley's Estimate of King Mtesa -A Doubtful Eulogy 371

Chapter XVIII. Stanley's Perils In Crossing Africa

Stanley Off for Victoria Nyanza — A Redoubtable General Who Had to be Put in Irons — Stanley Received With August Ceremonies by a King— The Great Mtesa Agrees to Join the Expedition — The King's Wonderful Army— Splendid Battalions of Warriors — Native Hostilities on Foot — Repulse of Mtesa's Proud Army — Stanley's Cunning Device to Defeat the Enemy — Construction of a Terrible War-boat — Proclamation of Amnesty to Those Who Will Surrender — The Stiatagem Successful — A Renowned Arab — Stanley Obtains the Aid of Tipo-tipo — Dreadful Accounts of Ferocious Cannibals and Dwarfs With Poisoned Arrows — Tales Rivalling the Stories of the "Arabian Nights " — Dwarfs That Scream Like Demons—Clouds of Arrows Filling the Air — Terrible Tales of Huge Pythons — Numerous Leopards and Other Wild Beasts — Stories of Gorillas — Stanley's Contract With Tipo-lipo— Arrival at Nyangwe — Livingstone's Description of Nyangwe's Renowned Market — Savage "Dudes" and Hard-working Women — An Amusing Scene — New Journeys and Discoveries — Fierce Attack From Hostile Natives— Engagement With Fifty-four Gun-boats— War Vessels Repulsed by Stanley's Men — Fifty-seven Cataracts in a Distance of Eighteen Hundred Miles — Five Months Covering One Hundred and Eighty Miles — Death in the Boiling Rapids— Men Hurried to a Yawning Abyss— Miraculous Escape of One of Stanley's Men — Thrilling Adventure of Zaida — Rescued in the Nick of Time — Brave Frank Pocock Drowned— Stanley's Incontrollable Grief^Nearing the Mouth of the Congo and the Atlantic Coast— Stanley's Letter Appealing for Help— Quick Response of White Men— Stanley's Letter of Grateful Thanks — Final Arrival at the Long-sought Coast — Stanley's Fame Fills the World 397

Chapter XIX. Travels Of Sir Samuel And Lady Baker

Stanley and Emin Pasha — Other Famous African Travellers— Achievements Almost Superhuman — Fascination of Tropical Explorations — Sir Samuel and Lady Baker — Lady Baker Determined to Ace mpany Her Husband — Discomforts of Travelling in Africa — Intense Heat in the Nile Region — Barren Rocks and Sandy Wastes— Blue Sky Over a Blighted Land — The Wretclitd Town of Kor(»ko —

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Searching for One of the Sources of the Nile— Arrival at Berber— Courtesies of an Ex Governor— The Travellers Pitch Their Tents in a Garden — A Charming Oasis — Fine Looking Slaves From the White Nile — Slaves Well Cared for by Their Master — Description of a Beautiful Slave Girl — Guard of Turkish Soldiers — Fine River and Forest Game — Sudden kise of the Nile — A Clew to One Part of the Nile Mystery — The Rainy Season Arrives — Interview With a Great Sheik — Venerable Arab on a Beautiful Snow-white Dromedary — Perfect Picture of a Desert Patriarch — Cordial Welcome to Baker and His Party — A Performance to Show the Sheik's Hospitality — Arrival at the Village of Sofi — On the Banks of the Atbara — The Travellers Living in Huts — A German in the Wilds of Africa — Man Killed by a Lion— Baker's Adventure With a River-horse— Savage Old Hippopotamus — Famous Arab Hunters — Wonderful Weapons — Story of the Old Arab and His Trap for the Hippopotamus — Capture of an Enormous Beast — Aggageers Hunting the Elephant — Thrilling Adventure of a Renowned Arab Hunter — An Elephant Dashing Upon His Foes Like an Avalanche — Fatal Blow of the Sharp Sword — Baker's Heroic Wife — Reason Why the Nile Overflows —An Ivory Trader — Baker Arrives at Khartoum — Romatic Beauty Destroyed by the Filth of a Miserable Town ,..422