Grant and Sherman

Front matter

Class.

Bookp u u

LTEUT. GEN.ULTS SES -S . GRALxTT, U.S. A

Preface

The design in the present work is two-fold : fii'st, to give tlie history of the two great generals who brought the war to a successful close, including a full account of the campaigns by which the final result was reached. It is as necessary to note the early training, by battles and campaigns, by which they were finally enabled to grasp the entire situation and move together to the same triumphant end, as it is to know the finaJ measures and movements that brought success. The war produced no one great military genius who at once vaulted to supreme command, and, like the first Napoleon, revolutionized military science and astonished the world by the novelty and grandeur of his movements. Both the government and the generals geew to their great positions. Hence what is needed is not indiscriminate eulogy, but truthfal narrative and just criticism. Geaii^t and Sheebiais" are two names that will live forever in our history, not because they were the subjects of a blind adulation, but because their worth was properly estimated and their deeds tnithfully recorded. The time has gone by to apotheosize men — make gods of them. We want to see

12 PEEFAOE.

them as they are — tlioiigli great, still liiiman, and surrounded witli human infirmities ; worthy of immortal honor, not because they are unlike us, but because they excel us — great too, not merely in their actions, but in the work they accomplished for their country.

The second object is to group around these two men those generals who climbed to immortality by their side — shared their fortunes — helped to win their battles, and remained with them to the last.

Many great and worthy generals might be added to the list we have selected, but in the progress of the war they have been dropped from active service from various reasons — some from inequalities of character or temper -^•improper habits, or inability to resist the temptations of pride and ambition. Some have fallen before personal or political malice of men in and out of power. These are omitted, though their deeds will find a place in history, because their introduction here would mar the unity of the design in this work, which is to j)resent to the reader the two men and the chief generals with them wh9 closed up the struggle.

Besides, the introduction of every meritorious officer would make the work too cumbersome for our purpose, unless the biogi'aphies were reduced to mere encyclopedia articles.

The utmost ejfforts have been made to have these, sketches comj^lete without being heavy — to give the leading qualities, peculiar characteristics, and actions of the men, in such a form as to individualize each.

PREFACE. 13

Blograpliies possess but half their true value unless they give living portraits, so that each man stands out clear and distinct in his true character and proportions. A careful study of the war from the outset gives us, we think, the right to attempt this, without being charged with vanity. At all events, the men embraced in this volume merit all. the honor they ever will receive, while theii' names deserve the separate places which it shall be our design, and at least our effoi-t, to give them.

Chapter 1. Paos

The First Great Plan of Carrying on the War — The Failure of Ilalleck's Administration — The Great Change in Affairs when Grant Assumed Control of our Armies — Popular Errors Respecting Generals and the War — Capable Leaders not Ready-Made, but grow to their Responsibilities — Mistaken Notion of the Government — Want of Charity of the People — Our Generals not to be Blindly Eulogized, but their Mistakes, as well as Triumphs, to be Recorded — A True Narrative of their Rise to Greatness the only one Desirable, . . .31

Chapter II. Lieutenant-general Grant

Hia Ancestrj' and Nativity — Brought up a Tanner — Enters West Point Military Academy — Brevetted Second Lieutenant, and sent to Jefferson Barracks, Mo. — Joins Taylor's Army in Mexico — After the Battle of Monterey, transferred to Scott's Army at Vera Cruz — Made Quartermaster of his Regiment — Brevetted Captain for Gallantry at Chapultepec — His Marriage — Stationed at Detroit and Sackett's Harbor — Sent to Oregon — Resigns his Commission — Settles on a Farm, near St. Louis — Acts as Collector of Debts for his Neighbors — Goes to Galena and Sets up a Leather-Store in Connection with his Father — Breaking out of the War — Offers his Services to the Government, and Raises a Company — Made Adjutant-General of the State — Refuses a Brigadiership— Appointed Colonel and sent into Missouri — Made Brigadier, and Assigned to the District of Cairo — Expedition to Belmont, and Capture of the Enemy's Camp — His Horse sliot under him — His Congratulatory Order — His District Enlarged — 2

Tbe Cairo Expeditions— A Strict Order— Private Property to be Respected — Expedition against Fort Henry— Investment and Capture of Fort Donelson — Tbe Battle — Ordered under Arrest — Put over tbe West Tennessee Department — Advances to Pittsburg Landing — Battle of— His Defeat First Day — Sberman's Letter — Determination to Remove bim from Command — Charges against — Fate ceases to persecute bim. — His Star in the Ascendant — Advance against Corinth — Loses his Temper with Halleck — His Conduct at Memphis— Battles of luka and Corinth — Turns bis Attention to Vicksburg — Sherman's Failure at Vicksburg, ....... . .

Chapter III. Vicksburg. ^ •

Canal around it — Abandoned — Lake Providence Route — Moon-Lake Route — This also Abandoned — Tbe Steel's Bayou Route — Description of Expedition through — A Failure — Grant Resolves to Run the Batteries with Gunboats and Transports — The Night-Passage — March of Troops around Vicksburg Inland — New Carthage — Hard Times — Grand Gulf— Its Batteries Run — Port Gibson Reached — Strips for the Race — Battle — Grand Gulf Evacuated — Bold Determination of Grant — Battle at Raymond — March on Jackson — Victory at — The Army Wheels about and Marches on Vicksburg — Battle of Champion's Hill — Battle at Big Black River — Vicksburg Invested— First Assault— Second Grand Assault — Reason of— The Long Siege— The Surrender, . . . . • 69

Chapter IV

Fall of Port Hudson— The President's Letter to Grant— Review of the Campaign— A Public Reception in Vicksburg — Visits New Orleans — Is Thrown from his Horse and Injured — Placed over the Miliary Division of the Mississippi — Placed in Command at Chattanoooga — Orders Sherman to March Across tbe Country to join Him— His Plan for Raising the Siege— The Battle— Grant's Appearance on the Field — The Grand Attack of the Centre under His own eye — Missionary Ridge Carried — The Pursuit— An Indian Chief's Opinion of Grant— The President's Letter of Thanks— Grant's Order — Congress Votes Him a Medal — He Visits Nashville and Knoxville — Refuses to Make a Speech — Creation of tbe Rank of Lieutenant-General^Grant Nominated to It — Enters on His Duties— Immense Preparations for the Coming Campaign— The Country's Patience Under Delays— Two Armies to Move Simultaneously — The Bell of Destiny Begins to ToH, 87

Chapter V. The Richmond Campaign

PAQB

Character and Plan of the Campaign — The Army Crosses the Rapidan — The Three Days' Battle in the Wilderness — Lee's Retreat to Spottsylvania — Battles Before it — Grant, by a Flank Movement, Marches to the North Anna River — Makes a Second Flank Movement to the Pamunkey — The Chickahominy — Battle of Cold Harbor — Strength of the Rebel Works — He Marches to the James River — Crosses it and Attacks Petersburg— Is Repulsed — Review of the Campaign — Siege of Richmond — Early Sent to the Valley of the Shenandoah— Goes into Maryland and Pennsylvania — The Mine of Burnside — Grant Defeated at Hatcher's Run — Winter Quarters — Capture of Fort Fisher — Sherman Advancing— Desperation of the Rebels — Their Attempt to take City Point with Iron-clads — Narrow Escape of Grant's Army — Attack on Fort Steadman — Last Great Movement of the Army — Description of— Petersburg and Richmond Evacuated — The Race for Life of the Rebel Army — The Surrender — Account of it— A Momentous Sabbath — Surrender of Johnston — Collapse of the Rebellion— Joy of the People— Enthusiasm for Grant— His Character, . . . . . .100

Chapter VI. Major-general William Tecumseh Sherman

Sherman and Grant— Sherman's Nativity and Early Life— Adopted by Mr. Ewing — Sent to West Point — Made Second-Lieutenant in the Third Artillery and Sent to Florida — Stationed at Fort Moultrie, South Carolina— Sent to California — Resigns his Commission and Becomes President of a Banking House in San Francisco — Made President of the Louisiana State Military Academy — Seeing War Inevitable, Resigns his Place in a Noble Letter — Visits Washington, and is Astonished at the Apathy there — Gives the President and Secretary of War his Views, which only Create a Smile — Made Colonel and Fights at Bull Run — Made Brigadier of Volunteers and Sent to Kentucky — Interview with the Secretary of War and Adjutant-General — Anecdote of Him — Pronounced Crazy — Relieved from Command and Sent to Jefferson Barracks — Commands a Division atShiloh —Saves the Battle— The First to Enter Corinth— Takes Holly Springs— Commands at Memphis — His Attack on Vicksburg — Arkansas Post — Full Account of the Part he Took in Grant's Campaign Against Vicksburg — Ordered to Chattanooga — Death of his Boy, whom the Thirteenth Regiment had Adopted as a Pet, and Elected Sergeant — Touching Letter to the Regiment, . . . .12

Chapter VII Chattanooga

PAga Sherman's March from the Mississippi to Chattanooga — His Arrival — Establishes Himself on Missionary Ridge — The Morning Before the Battle — Picturesque View — Opening of the Battle — The Victory — Pursuit — Ordered to March North to the Relief of Knoxville— State of His Army — Heroic Devotion — Sherman at Vicksburg — The Expedition Into Central Mississippi — Its Object and Cause of its Abandonment — Placed Over the Mississippi Department — Plans the Atlanta Campaign — Its Originality — The Number and Distribution of His Forces, . . ........ 158

Chapter VIII. Atlanta Campaign. ^

Sherman's Foresight in Preparing for Contingencies — Flanks Dalton — Battle of Resaca — Defeat of the Enemy — The Pursuit — Capture of Rome— Fight at Dallas — Flanking of AUatoona — A Second Base Established — The Kenesaw Mountains — Strength of the Position — Desperate Assault of— Defeat — Flanking Again Resorted to — Chattahoochee River Reached — View of the Country — Terrible Assault on Thomas — Hood Retires to His Inner Works — Desperate Attack on McPherson — Heavy Rebel Losses — Capture of Stoneman — Cutting the Rebel Lines of Communication — Attack on Howard — The Army Swung Round the City to the Macon Road — Fight at Jonesboro' — Atlanta Evacuated — Destruction of Property — Slocum Takes Possession — Review of the Campaign — Genius of Sherman — Pursuit of Wheeler, ....... 16i

Chapter IX. The Georgia Campaign

Hood Attempts to Cut Sherman's Communications — Corse's Gallant Defence of AUatoona — Pursuit of Hood — Sherman's Original and Daring Plan — Burning of Rome — Of Atlanta — Sherman Starts for the Atlantic Ocean— Views Respecting Uie Movement — Disposition of His Forces and Plan of Movement — The lieft

Wing gnder Slocuin— The Right Under Howard-Kilpatrick's Cavalry— The Two Marches-Macon-MilledgeviUe-Soldiers Organize the Legislature-Novel Scene-Augusta Threatened-Millen-March to Savannah-Picturesque Scenes in the Pine Forests-Review of the March-Savannah Reached and Invested- Storming of Fort McAllister— Sherman Witnesses it from the Top of a Rice Mill-Surrender of Savannah-Magnitude of the Capture-Hardee Retreats to Charleston— Sherman's Christmas Gift to the President— Review of the Campaign, , .

Chapter X. The Campaign In The Carolinas

Sherman Plans His Northern Campaign-Strength and Division of His Army-The Trains-Construction Train-The Left Wing Threatens Augusta-The Right Charleston-Rain Storms-Salkahatchie as a Line of Defence-Sherman's Plan to Separate the Forces at Charleston and Augusta Completely Successful-The Railroad Between the Two Broken Up-Capture of Orangeburg-Branchvillo Left in the Rear-The Army Reaches the Saluda— Fall of Colnmbia-Is Set on Fire by the Rebels-Sherman's Account of-Anecdotes of Sherman-Charlotte Threatened and Beauregard Bewildered-Fall of Charleston-The Army Wheels About and Marches on Fayetteville-The Two Wings Meet for the First Time at • Cheraw-Capture of Fayetteville and Communication Opened with Terry and Schofield-Raleigh Threatened-Battle of BentonviUe-Goldsboro Reached- The Campaign Virtually Ended-Sherman Visits Grant and is Directed to Cooperate with Him-His Return-News of the Fall of Petersburg-Sherman Marches on Raleigh-News of Lee's Surrender-Excitement in the Army-Interview with Johnston-The Armistice-Conduct of the Secretary of War- Vindication of Sherman-Injustice and Cruelty of the Attacks on Him-His Character, .

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CHAPTEKXI.

MAJOR-GENERAL JAMES B. McPHERSON.

His Worth at first not Appreciated-His Birth-Enters West Point-Graduates at the Head of his Class and Appointed Assistant Instructor of Practical Engineering-Transferred to New York Harbor-Charged with the Construction of Fort

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Delaware — Sent to Superintend the Fortifications Being Erected in the Bay of San Francisco — Ordered Home and sent to Boston Harbor — Erroneous Views — Placed on the StafiF of Halleck — His Promotion — Sent to Aid Rosecrans — A Sflccessful Expedition from La Grange — Under Grant in Northern Mississippi — Commands the Seventeenth Corps in the Campaign Against Vicksburg — His Gallant Conduct — Capture of Jackson — Champion Hills — Assault of Vicksburg — The Surrender — Placed Over the Army of the Tennessee — Defers his Marriage — His Services in the Atlanta Campaign — Terrible Fight Before Atlanta — His Death — Grant's Letter to his Grandmother —His Character, . . . . . . . . .237

CHAPTERXII.

MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE H. THOMAS.

His Resemblance to "Washington— His Birth and Early Education — His Standing at West Point — Account of his Early Military Career— Wounded in a Fight with the Indians while on an Exploring Expedition — Breaking out of the War — Stands By the Old Flag— Commands in Patterson's Army— Is under Banks- Sent to Kentucky under General Anderson — Camp Dick Robinson — Wild-Cat Camp— Defeats ZoUicoffer— Battle of Mill Spring— Death of ZoUicoffer- Made Major-General of Volunteers— Marches to Pittsburg Landing— After Operations under Buell— Ordered to Supersede Buell— Declines— Serves Under Rosecrans— Confidence in Him— Feeling of the Army— Pet Names— His Bravery at Murfreesboro — His Brilliant Heroic Conduct at Chickamauga— Supersedes Rosecrans— Commands the Centre under Grant in the Battle of Missionary Ridge- Sherman's Chief Reliance in the Atlanta Campaign— Assaulted by Hood— At Jonesboro— Sent to Nashville to Raise an Army- Correspondence with Grant- Battle of Nashville— His Character, ...... 2C1

CHAPTER XIII.

MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT HANCOCK.

His Birth— Enters West Point— Sent to the Indian Territory— His Services in Mexico—Expedition to Utah— Sent to California— Recalled at the Breaking Out of the War— Made Brigadier-General— Gallant Charge at Williamsburg— His Services on the Peninsuh under McClellan— Serves under Pope— Gallantry at Antfetam — At Fredericksburg — At Chancellorsville — Represents Meade at Gettysburg — The Battle — Is Wounded — Under Grant Commands the Left Wing of the Grand Army — Battle of the Wilderness— Gallant Charge at Spottsylvania — At iforth Anna — Before Petersburg — Defeated at Hatcher's Run — Resigns his Command — Appointed to Raise a Corps of Veterans — Commands in the Shenandoah Valley — His Character, ....... 294

CHAPTER XIV.

MAJOR-GENERAL HUGH. JUDSON KILPATRICK.

His Birth and Early Life — Enters West Point — Whips a Bully — Leaves for the Army Before he Completes his Course— His Marriage — Becomes an Officer in Duryea's Zouaves — Wounded at Big Bethel — Made Lieutenant-Colonel in the Harris Light Cavalry — Seizes Falmouth — Chase After the Rebel Commander — Gallant Operations Around Fredericksburg— His Services in Pope's Campaign — Under Hooker — Raid on Richmond — His Fights Previous to the Battle of Gettysburg, and In It — Daring Pursuit of Lee — A Fearful Night March — Scene at Smithburg — Fight at Hagerstown — March to Williamsport — Fight at — Charge at Falling Waters — Summing Up of his Achievements — Obtains a Furlough — Operations on the Rapidpn and Rappahannock, under Meade— Gallant Attempt to Release the Prisoners in Richmond — Enters the Outworks of the Rebel Capital — Sent West to Join Sherman — Is Wounded at Resaca and Returns Home — Again Joins the Army Before Atlanta — Sent to Cut the Railroads— Commands the Cavalry in the Georgia Campaign — Account of his Services — Complimented by Sherman — Campaign of the Carolinas — Threatens Augusta — His Surprise by Hampton and Narrow Escape — Retaliation on the Enemy — Averysboro — His Gallantry at Bentonville — His Address to his Troops — His Character, .... Slfe

CHAPTER XV.

MAJOR-GENERAL GEORGE G. MEADE.

His Career Furnishing but Few Striking Points to a Biographer— His Birth— Graduates at West Point — Serves in the Mexican War — Promoted for Gallant Conduct in the Battle of Monterey — Made Brigadier of Volunteers soon after the Breaking Out of the War — Commands a Foraging Expedition near Dranesville — His Career on the Peninsula — Is Desperately Wounded in the Battle of Glendalo

— Serves under Hooker at South Mountain and Antietam —His Brilliant Charge at the Latter Place— After Hooker is Wounded Assumes Command of the Corps — At Chancellorsville — Appointed to the Command of the Army of the Potomac — His Model Order — Pursuit of Lee — Battle of Gettysburg — Headquarters under Fire — The Victory — The Pursuit — Strange Inaction in Front of Lee — Crosses the Potomac — Outmarched by Lee — Compelled to Retreat to Bull Kun — Advances to the Rappahannock — Various Detached Conflicts — Winter Quarters ' — Grant Places Himself at the Head of the Army of the Potomac— Grant and Meade Together— Character of the Latter, ..... 547

CHAPTER XVI.

MAJOR-GENERAL JOSEPH HOOKER.

His Bft-th and Nativity — Enters West Point — Serves under Taylor in Mexico — Joins the Army of General Scott — Promoted for Gallant Conduct at the National Bridge and Chapultepec — Resigns his Commission and Becomes a California Farmer — Appointed Brigadier of Volunteers at the Commencement of the War — Is Stationed Below Washington — Battle of Williamsburg — His After Services in the Army of the Potomac — Under Pope— Battle of South Mountain — Of Antietam — Is Wounded — Under Burnside — Supersedes him — His Confident Orders — Feeling of the People — Battle of Chancellorsville — Lee Marches Around him— Resigns his Position — Sent to Chattanooga to Assist Rosecrans — Occupies Lookout Valley — Battle Above the Clouds — His Gallant Record in the Atlanta Campaign — Terrific Fight Before the City — Offended at Howard's Promotion and Resigns — Sent to Ohio — Now Commands New England Departnient, . . SC4

CHAPTER XVII.

MAJOR-GENERAL HENRY WARNER SLOCUM.

The Benefit of West Point Academy — Slocum's Birth — Graduates at West Point- Sent to Florida — Stationed at Charleston — Studies Law — Resigns his Commission and Opens a Law Office in Syracuse— Volunteers in the Army and is Made Colonel — Wounded at Bull Run — Made Brigadier-General — Commands a Division — His Career on the Peninsula under McClellan — At South Mountaiu and Autietam — Supersedes Banks — At Chancellorsville— Commands the Left Wing

FAQS

at Gettysburg — Is sent into Tennessee — Protects the Communications Between Chattanooga and Nashville— Placed Over the Department of Vicksburg — Destroys the Bridges Over Pearl River — Cut Off by the Enemy — Defeats Him — Expedition to Port Gibson — A Night Attack — Takes Hooker's Place as Commander of the Twentieth Corps — Enters Atlanta— Placed Over the Left Wing of Sherman's Army — March Through Georgia — Through the Carolinas— Battles of Averysboro and Bentonville — His Character, ..... 881

CHAPTER XVIII.

MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM S. ROSECRANS.

Bis Birth and Parentage — Keeps a Store — Is s.ent to West Point — Is made Assistant Professor in the Academy — His Early and Great Services as Engineer — Resigns on Account of 111 Health — Opens an Office in Cincinnati — Is Employed by a Coal Company in Virginia — Sets up a Manufactory of Coal Oil — Nearly Loses his Life — The First to make Pure Oil— Invents the Circular Wick, and makes Improvehients in Lamps — Breaking Out of the War — His First Services— Made Brigadier- General, and Ordered to Western Virginia — Rich Mountain — Carnifex Ferry — Defeats Lee— His Plans Broken Up — Fremont Placed Over the Mountain Department — Is sent West — Under Halleck — Under Grant — Battle of luka — Battle of Corinth — Placed Over the Army of the Cumberland— Battle of Murfreesboro — Captures Chattanooga — Battle of Chickamauga — Is Superseded by Thomas — Placed over the Missouri Department — His Character, . . 898

CHAPTER XIX.

MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN SEDGEWICK.

Bis Birth and Nativity— A Farmer's Boy — Enters West Point— Sent to Florida— Stationed at Buffalo — At New York — His Gallantry and Promotion in the Mexican War — Made Brigadier-General of Volunteers— Supersedes Stone — Heroic Action at Fair Oaks — His Services on the Peninsula — Is Wounded at Antietam — Captures the Heights of Fredericksburg — March of his Corps to Gettysburg — Commands the Army of the Potomac— Letter to General French— Commands the Right Wing of Grant's Army— Battle of the Wilderness— Killed at Spottsylvania — His Character, ........ 4U

CHAPTER XX.

MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN A. LOGAN.

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Generals from Civil Life — Logan's Birth and Nativity and Early Education — Serves in the Mexican War — Studies Law — His Political Life — Views on Being a Candidate for Congress in 1S60 — Fights in the Ranks at Bull Run — Raises a Regiment and is made Colonel— Gallantry at Belmont — Fort Henry — Desperately Wounded at Fort Donelson — Under Grant — His Career During the Vicksburg Campaign — Takes the Stump for the Administration — Placed Over Sherman's Corps in the Atlanta Campaign — Battle Before Atlanta — His Course in the Political Campaign of 1864 — Joins Sherman at Savannah — His Character and Personal Appearance, ......... 434

•

CHAPTER XXI.

MAJOR-GENERAL AMBROSE E. BURNSIDE.

His Ancestry and Nativity — Graduates at West Point — Sent to Mexico — Fight with Indians — Quartermaster of the Boundary Commission — Resigns — Establishes a Manufactory of the Burnside Rifle— His Failure — Goes West — Obtains Employment in the Illinois Central Railroad— Colonel of a Rhode Island Regiment — Battle of Bull Run — The Expedition to Roanoke — Captures Newbern — Recalled to Aid McClellan — His Failure at Antietam— Supersedes McClellan — Battle of Fredericksburg — Resigns his Command — Sent to Ohio — His Administration of Affairs — Captures Knoxville — Besieged by Longstreet — Goes East — Authorized to Raise Fifty Thousand Volunteers — The Reserve of Grant's Army— His Great Services in the Richmond Campaign — The Mine at Petersburg — Retires from the Army — His Character, ........ 447

CHAPTER XXII.

MAJOR-GENERAL PHILIP HENRY SHERIDAN.

His Nativity and Birth — From Driving a Water-Cart Passes to West Point — His Belligerent Character — Narrowly Escapes Being Disgraced — His Early Services — Personal Heroism — Sent West — His Life in the Indian Territory — Quartermaster under Curtis — Is Arrested — Made Captain of Cavalry — Gallant Fight near Booneville — Promoted — Serves under Buell and Rosecrans — Fights Despe-

PAOB ratelj at Murfreesboro— At Chickamauga— Assaults Missionary Ridge— Placed Over the Cavalry of the Army of the Potomac— His Raids on Railroads— Put in Command of Shenandoah Valley— Battles with Early- Lays "Waste the Country —Battle of Middletown— His Gallant Conduct— Raid to Lynchburg and RicJimond— Joins Grant— Commences the Last Great Movement- Battle of Five Forks— Pursuit of Lee— Heavy Captures— The End— His Character, . . 460

CHAPTER XXIII.

MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN McALLISTER SCHOFIELD.

His Birth and Nativity— Graduates at "West Point— Instructor at the Academy- Elected President of "Washington College— Appointed Major— Commands the Militia of Missouri— Commands the Army of the F/ontier— Assesses Disloyal People— Commands the Missouri Department— Commands One of the Three Armies of Sherman in the Atlanta Campaign— Left to Take Care of Hood— Battle of Franklin— Battle of Nashville— Ordered East to Newbern— Battle of Kinston— Enters Goldsboro— His Character, ...... 488 1

CHAPTER XXIV.

MAJOR-GENERAL WILLIAM B. HAZEN.

His Ancestry— Nativity— Early Occupation— Enters West Point— Serves Against the Indians in California— Sent to Texas— Wounded in a Fight with the Camanches — Returns Home— Is Appointed Professor at West Point — Made Colonel of an Ohio Regiment— Serves under Buell— Gallantry at Shiloh— Pursues Bragg Through the Cumberland Mountains- His Gallant Conduct- in the Battle of Murfreesboro— Holds the Tennessee River — At Chickamauga — Seizes Brown's Ferry —A Night Scene — Gallant Charge up Missionary Ridge— Sent to Relieve Knoxville— Atlanta and Georgia Campaigns— Storming of Fort McAllister — Takes Part in the Campaign of the Carolinas — His Character, . . . 4d6

CHAPTER XXV.

MAJOR-GENERAL FRANZ SIGEL.

His Nalivity— Educated in the Military School at Carlsruhe— Made Adjutant- General— Joins the Revolutionary Government— Made Minister of War — A Mas-

Pioa terly Retreat— Compelled to Flee to Switzerland — Driven from the Country and Comes to the United States — Keeps School in New York — Removes to Missouri — Made Colonel of Volunteers— Serves under Lyon — Battle of Carthage — A Skillful Retreat — Defeated at Wilson's Creek — Made Brigadier-General — His Gallantry at Pea Ridge — Dissatisfied with Halleck and Resigns — Public Meeting in His Behalf— Made Major-General and Stationed at Harper's Ferry — Supersedes Fremont — Serves through Pope's Campaign — Placed over the Eleventh Corps — Given Command of the Shenandoah Department by Grant — Defeated by Breckenridge — Superseded by Hunter — Stationed at Harper's Ferry — Resigns — Becomes Editor of a German Paper in Baltimore, . . . 513

CHAPTER XXVI.

MAJOR-GENERAL ALFRED HOWE TERRY.

flis Birth and Education — County Clerk — Visits Europe— Commands a Regiment in the Battle of Bull Run— Occupies the Fort on Hilton Head after its Capture by Dupont— Assists Gillmore in the Capture of Fort Pulaski— Made Brigadier- General and Sent to Florida — Expedition to Pocotaligo — Joins Gillmore on Morris Island in the Siege of Wagner and Sumter — His Services under Butler at Drury's Bluff— -Engaged in Various Actions Around Petersburg and Richmond—Selected to Capture Fort Fisher— Capture of the Place— Occupies Wilmington — Opens CommnnicatioB with Sherman — Marches to Goldsboro — His Present Command and Rank, ....... 520

CHAPTER XXVII.

MAJOR-GENERAL JOHN ALEXANDER McCLERNAND.

His Nativity and Early Life— Studies Law— Volunteers to Fight the Indians — Embarks in Trade— Establishes a Democratic Paper, and Opens a Law OfBce — ^En^ ters on a Political Life— Resigns His Seat in Congress, and Raises a Brigade — His Gallantry at Belmont— Cairo Expedition— Battle of Fort Donelson — Bravery at Shiloh — Placed over Sherman — Captures Arkansas Post— Leads the Advance in the Campaign of Vicksburg — His Great Services — Assault of Vicksburg — His Order and Letter to Governor Yates — Is Removed by Grant — His Character, . ....... 528

CHAPTER XXVIII.

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Eavelock of the Army — His Birth and Early Educatiou— At West Point — Sent to Florida— His Conversion — Joins the Methodist Church — Appointed Instructor at West Point — Superintendent of Sabbath School — Establishes a Prayer Meeting and Bible Class — Resigns and is Appointed Colonel of a Maine Regiment — Commands a Brigade at Bull Run — Made Brigadier — Loses an Arm at Fair Oaks — Gallantry at Antietam — His Defeat at Chancellorsville — His Great Services at Gettysburg — Sent West to Reinforce Rosecrans — Lookout Valley — Mission Ridge — Services under Hooker in the Atlanta Campaign — Succeeds McPherson in the Command of the Army of the Tennessee — Commands the Right Wing in the Georgia Campaign and the Campaign of the Carolinas — Placed over the Frcedmen's Bureau — His Christian Character — Abilities as a General— Anecdotes of Him, ....... 538

CHAPTER XXIX.

MAJOR-GENERAL QUINCY ADAMS GILLMORE.

His Early Life — West Point — Sent to Fortress Monroe — A Teacher at West Point — Stationed in New York — Chief Engineer of the Expedition to Port Royal — Herculean Operations Around Pulaski — Capture of the Fort — Commands in Western Virginia — Placed over the Southern Department — Assault of Fort Wagner — Bombardment of Sumter — Capture of Fort Wagner — Charleston Shelled — Ordered North to Co-operate with Butler Below Richmond — His Services in the Field — Asks to be Relieved from Serving under Butler — Ordered to Report to Canby — Placed again over the Southern Department — Co-operates with Sherman, .......... 552

CHAPTER XXX.

MAJOR-GENERAL GOUVERNEIJR K. WARREN.

War Makes and Mars Fortunes Quickly — Warren's Nativity — Graduates at West Point— Sent to the Southwest — Succeeds Lee on the Mississippi — His Great Labors in the Pacific Railroad Office — Campaign against the Sioux Indians —

PAQB

Explores Nebraska— Appointed Professor of Mathematics at "West Point — Made Lieutenant-Colonel of Volunteers — Big Bethel — Builds the Works on Federal Hill, Baltimore — Made Colonel — Acts as Brigadier in the Army of the Potomac — His Gallantry at Malvern Hill — His Brigade Cut up at Manassas — Antietam — Topographical Engineer at Chancellorsville — Engineer-in-Chief at Gettysburg — Narrow Escape — Made Major-General — Battle of Bristoe Station — Commands the Centre of the Army of the Potomac under Grant — Battle of the Wilderness — His Gallantry at Spottsylvania — North Anna — Destroys the "Weldon Railroad — Saves Sheridan at Five Forks — Relieved from Command — After Service, &c., . . . . . . . . .563