The natural history of the human species: its typical forms, primeval distribution, filiations, and migrations ..

Front matter

Qass y/^c L_ Book 0(0^ s^

'SCIENTIFIC WORKS,

PUBLISHED BY GOULD AND LINCOLN, 59 "Washington Street, Boston.

Part I. Comparative Physiology

BY L. AGASSIZ AND A. A. GOULD.

ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY;

OR, YEAR BOOK OP FACTS IN SCIENCE AND ART.

EXHIBITING THE IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES AND IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ARTS AND SCIENCES.

EDITED BY DAYID A. WELLS, AND GEORGE BLISS, JR.

Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from The Library of Congress

OF

LIEUT. COL.CHA^ HAMILTON SMITH K.H

BLAC^FOOT TND.AN

BOSTON

GOULD & LINCOLN

59 WASHINGTON STREET 1851.

THE

NATURAL HISTORY

OF

THE HUIAK SPECIES

ITS

TYPICAL FORMS, PRIMEVAL DISTRIBUTION, FILIATIONS, AND MIGRATIONS.

ILLUSTRATED BY NUMEROUS ENGRAYINGS.

BY

PKESIDEST OF THE DEVON AND CORNWALL NAT. HIST. SOtlETY, ETC. ETC.

WITH A PRELIMINARY ABSTRACT OF THE VIEWS OP ELUMENBACII,

PRICIIARD, BACHMAN, AGASSIZ, AND OTHER AUTHORS

OF REPUTE ON THE SUBJECT.

BY S. KNEELAND, Jr., M. D.

f

BOSTON: GOULD AND LINCOLN,

5a WASHINGTON STREET.

!J

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1S51 ,

By GOULD & LINCOLN,

In the Clerk's Office of the District Coui-t of the District of iiassachuseits.

Ktcreotyped by

IIOUAUT k UOBBINS;

BOSTON.

Trinted by George C. Hand & Co., No. 3 Cornhill.

•

5^

PUBLISHEES'

ADVERTISEMENT TO THE ENGLISH EDITION.

After the anxious and ardent study of two years, the talented author of the following pages has reduced to a lasting form the labors, original observations, and pictorial illustrations, collected during his long and valuable life, upon this important history, in which he has, with such praiseworthy industry, treasured up the interesting facts and reasonings in this volume — very much condensed it is true, but yet exhibiting such a view of the subject as, we trust, cannot fail of being both interesting, instructive and popular.

We embrace this opportunity to give an extract of a letter just received from himself respecting a Preface to the volume, not being willing to lose any details which may fall from so valuable a source.

^' As for a Preface, I see nothing required, unless it was

thought proper to state what I had said in the concluding

1#

VI ' ADVERTISEMENT.

paragraph respecting mj predecessors; wliose details I did not think it my mission to repeat, particularly as the confined space alloYred me was not even sufficient to fully explain the statements I had to make and comment upon. This fact is abundantly exemplified in the short abstracts I have been compelled to give of the European Caucasians, whose intermixtures, by well known migrations from the north to the south, might have been given, with details full of interest ; particularly as, by the means of the Gothic invasions, all the new elements were brought into existence, which, when leavened by Christianity and the antique schools of civilization, brought forth the present progressive development. Experiment, flict, and inductive fact, are the basis of knowledge, and stand in perpetual contradistinction to the authority and dicta of antiquity, usually without foundations. In the work before us, it is true that much rests necessarily upon induction ; but when we have antecedents and succedcnts, the intermediate cannot be said to be conjecture; it is an approximation to positive fact, from actual necessity. This is the line of arguing which I would take up if a preface be necessary."

Contents

PAGIi!

Preliminary Observations, ..... .99

Changes on the Earth's Surface since the commencement of THE present Zoological System, .... 104