Napoleon at St. Helena

Front matter

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Preface

THE Emperor Napoleon, by almost universal consent, is pronounced to be, intellectually, the most illustrious of mankind. ven his bitterest enemies are compelled to do homage to the universality and the grandeur of his genius. Lamartine declares him to be “the greatest of the creations of God.” In the following terms, Sir Archibald Alison testifies to his gigantic intellirence :

‘¢ Never were talents of the highest, genius of the most exalted kind, more profusely bestowed upon a human being. ‘The true scene of Napoleon’s glory, and the most characteristic of the ruling passion of his mind, was his cabinet. Those who are struck with astonishment at the immense information and just discrimination which he displayed at the council-board, and the varied and important public improvements which he set on foot in every part of his dominions, will form a most inadequate conception of his mind, unless they are at the same time familiar with the luminous and profound views which he threw out on the philosophy of politics in the solitude of St. Helena. Never was evinced a clearer proof of the truth, which a practical acquaintance with men must probably have impressed upon every observer, that talent of the highest order is susceptible of any application, and that accident or Supreme direction alone determines whether their possessor is to become a Homer, a Bacon, or a Napoleon.

“‘ It would require the observation of a Thucydides, directing the pencil of a Tacitus, to portray, by a few touches, such a character; and modern idiom, even in their hands, would probably have proved inadequate to the task. Equal to Alexander in military achievement, superior to Justinian in legal information, sometimes second only to Bacon in political sagacity, he possessed, at the same time, the inexhaustible resources of Hannibal, and the administrative powers of Cesar.”

The genius of Napoleon is astounding. All branches of human knowledge seemed alike familiar to his gigantic mind. His conversations at St. Helena, scattered through the numerous and voluminous memorials of those who gleaned them, are replete with intensest interest. During the long agony of his imprisonment and his death, he conversed with perfect freedom upon the events of his marvelous career, and upon all those subjects of morals, politics, and religion, which most deeply concern the welfare of our race. There is

Vv PREFACE.

no mind which will not be invigorated by familiarity with these profound - thoughts, expressed with so much glow of feeling and energy of diction. The author of this volume performs mainly but the unambitious task of compilation. He desires to take the reader to St. Helena, and to introduce him to the humble apartment of the Emperor. He would give him a seat in the arm-chair, by the side of the illustrious sufferer reclining upon the sofa, or lead him to accompany the Emperor in his walk among the blackened rocks, and thus to listen to the glowing utterances of the imperial sage. The literature of our language affords no richer intellectual treat than the con+ versations of Napoleon. Hitherto widely scattered in many volumes, and buried in the midst of a multiplicity of details of but transient interest, they have been inaccessible to the mass of readers. By presenting them in one volume, they are within the reach of all who can appreciate the eloquence of words and of thought. | Joun 8. C. Apzorr. .

Brunswick, Maine, 1855.

Chapter I. The Voyage

The Emperor seeks the Hospitality: of England—Doomed to St. Helena—His Trunks searched— Removed to the Northumberland—The Russian Campaign—Adieu to France—Habits on Shipboard—Threatening Aspect of the Russian Power—The French Navy—Captain Wright—Character of Kleber and of Desaix—Napoleon at Toulon—Anecdotes—Napoleon in Italy—Anecdotes—The Little Corporal—Dictation—Approach to St. Helena.................... Page 13

Chapter II. Residence At The Briers

Description of St. Helena—The Ride to Longwood—Description of The Briers—The Youth of France—Deplorable Condition of the Exiles—Indignation of the Emperor—Note to the English Government—Overtures of the Bourbons—Suppression of the Tribunate—Character of the Senate—Anecdotes—Institute of Meudon—Candor of the Emperor—The Malay Slave—Popular Education—TFatality of the Emperor’s Career—Treatment of the Spanish Princes............ 30

Chapter III. Removal To Longwood

Waterloo—Dangers of Military Commanders—Portraiture of Napoleon’s Generals—The Spanish Princes—Political Prospects of France—Defense of Marshal Ney—Contrast between Ney and Turenne—Removal to Longwood—The Emperor’s Apartments—Kindness of the Emperor—Political Views—The Emperor’s Wounds—Calumnies ............. 2... esse cece eee eee 52

Chapter IV. 1816, January

New-year’s Day—Fowling-pieces—Colonel Wilks—The Disappointment—Visit to the Rooms— The drunken Sentinel—Social Reading—Goldsmith’s Secret History—Conversation with Governor Wilks—Lodgings of Las Casas—The Emperor’s Criticisms—Historical Remarks—The Ge NUTOUN OWES Panis vie ih eae od glass let goa ck wae Kay DE a eo eae Ras Om 67

CHAPTER V. 1816, Fesruary

Scanty Resources of the Island—The Emperor’s Progress in English—Learns the Death of Murat —Eloquent Parallel—A ffairs of Spain—Dismal Days—Caricatures—French Politics—Picture of Domestic Happiness—The Emperor’s Opinion of the French Poets—Public Contractors—Vigi- - PRED Cenk WU aTd WOT OF oto ooh Coste a aks alts ia ss eee Da, ee ravenna ARE Sic ard nage she iad tie Ne ore 85

CHAPTER VI. 1816, Marcu

Invasion of England—Etiquette of the Emperor’s Court—The Emperor’s Levees—The Court and the City—The Anonymous Letter—Remarks on Medicine—Corvisart—Medical Practice in Bab- PE a GS ated bohiasesy FE Cota Shera shula aha ShQhO WERE A Mia ARS 9 en neve a 2 ac kX Mae ed 05 97

CHAPTER VII. 1816, Marcu. Continued

Trial of Ney—National Character of the French—The Emperor’s Carriage taken at Waterloo— The Emperor at Dresden—Maria Louisa and Josephine—Alexander, Francis, and the King of Prussia—Eloquent Effusion of the Emperor—Testimony of B. Constant..............-- 106 vi CONTENTS.

CHAPTER VIII. 1816, Marcu. Continued

New Insult to the Emperor—Execution of Marshal Ney—Message to the Prince Regent—Wretched Food—Remarks on the Gracchi—Sleep during Battle—Historians—Military Characters— Soult, Massena—Political Confessions—Marmont—Murat—Berthier—Danger in Battle—Bulletins—Summary of nine Months ..............020 2 cece elec eee cette sca bans Page 117

Chapter IX. 1816, April

Jonspiracies—Measures that might have been adopted after Waterloo—Characteristic Fruits—The State of Europe—Ascendency of Liberal Opinions—Talleyrand—Fouché—Political Reflections— Arrival of Sir Hudson Lowe—Remarks on the Return from Elba—Introduction of the Governor—Character and Conduct of Sir George Cockburn. ....... 0c eee. eee cen e eee e eee eaee 129

CHAPTER X. 1816, Aprit. Continued

Convention between the Allied Powers—Declaration demanded of the Inmates of Longwood—Farewell Visit of Governor Wilks—TInteresting Conversation on the Arts—Message to the Prince Regent—Portfolio lost at Waterloo—Cost of the Emperor’s Toilet—Expenses in different Capitals—The Furnishing of the imperial Palaces—The Emperor’s Mode of examining Accounts 147

CHAPTER XI. 1816, Aprit. Continued

Critique on Voltaire’s Mohammed—Remarks on the Mohammed of History—Gretry—Napoleon’s

Proclamations—His Policy in Egypt—Confession of an illegal Act—The Domestics examined— The Emperor a Peace-maker—The Abbé de Pradt—The Russian War......,........... 160

CHAPTER XII. 1816, May

The Achievements of the Emperor—Inhumanity of the Governor—Conversation with Dr. O’Meara —Parallel between the Revolutions of France and England—The Emigrants—Concurrence of happy Circumstances in the Emperor’s Career—The Spanish Bourbons—Arrival of the wooden Palace—The Iliad—Characteristic Remarks—Hoche and other Generals................ 174

CHAPTER XIII. 1816, May. Continued

Ridiculous Invitation sent by Sir Hudson Lowe—Napoleon at the Institute—At the Council of State—On the Interior of Africa—The Marine Department—Decrés—tThe Dictionary of Weathercocks—The Reception—Angry Interview with the Governor—Remarks of the Emperor on his Pamily Sse ee he We TI PSS BIR ee eee cee ee eee 192

CHAPTER XIV. 1816, May. Continued

The Empe~or sleeping—The Governor arrests a Servant at Longwood—The Bible—Princess Stephanie—Expulsion of Portalis—Political Reflections—Voltaire’s Brutus—French Colony on the St. Lawrence—Carnot—French Manufactures—Physiognomy—The English Soldiers salute the Emperor—Corsica—Napoleon’s Mother—Madam Chevreuse—The Conspirators—The Situ- Before OF Pat glANG es eg bos ek eee A, EA a) a) A an 214

CHAPTER XV. 1816, JuNr

Voltaire—Characteristic Difference between the English and the French—A ffected Anger of the Emperor—Reflections on the Governor—Expenses of the Emperor’s Household at the Tuileries

—Finance—Dictation resumed—Military Schools—Female Schools—Gil Blas—General Bizanet—Religious Opinions—Portraits of the Directors—Anecdotes—18th Fructidor........ 237

CONTENTS. ‘oie

CHAPTER XVI. 1816, June. Continued

English Diplomacy —Lord Whitworth—Chatham—Castlereagh—-Comwallis — Fox—Lacretelle’s History of the Convention—Puns—Public Characters—Bailli—La Fayette—Monge—Gregoire —St. Domingo—Dictations on the Convention............. 00.0. e ec eee eee eee ee Page 254

CHAPTER XVII. 1816, June. Continued

The War and Royal Family of Spain—Errors—Ferdinand at Valencay—Historical Sketch of the Events—The Moniteurs—The Liberty of the Press—The Conference at Tilsit—Anecdotes of the Emperor of Russia—Of the King and Queen of Prussia—Anecdote of Savary—The Emperor’s WEB UTSIAALY, o/s M De NOTA PI ALOT SOUR US hae RRL eel. 2 262

CHAPTER XVIII. 1816, June. Continued

Arrival of the Commiss:oners—Etiquette established by Napoleon—Mode of dictating—The Return of the Monks—Departure of the Northumberland—Remarks on the History of the Russian Campaign—Lord Holland—Arrival of Books—Ideas on Political Economy—Annoyance by the Rats —Lord Castlereagh—French Heiresses—Allusion by Napoleon to his own History—Summary eIRIITME VCRILLLBG eT eas art arn sak act oo cnet ee gp ed x Fs Seg Te ee haat Pas 275

CHAPTER XIX. 1816, Juxy

Pillage in War—Character of the French Soldier—Anecdotes of Brumaire—Siéyes—Grand Elector —Cambacéres —New Vexations —Little Tristam — Difficulty of judging Men—Junot: his Wife—Bernadotte—Lannes—Murat : his Character and Death....................0.2.. 291

CHAPTER XX. 1816, Jury. Continued

The Works of Cherbourg—Designs of the Emperor—Audience given to the Governor—Faubourg St. Germain—Aristocracy—Democracy—The Emperor’s Intention to marry a French woman— Difficulties in reforming Society—Etiquette at Longwood ................-....00.0224 301

CHAPTER XXI. é 1816, Juty. Continued.

Establishments for Mendicity—Illyria—Prisoners of State—Freedom of the French People—Egypt —The Desert—Anecdotes—Paternal Advice—Remarkable Conversations-—-Cagliostro, Mesmer,

Gall, Lavater, Madam de Balbi—Conversation with the Admiral—Commissioners—Santini— Nuns—Convents—Monks—The French Clergy .......... cece eect eter erence ene ne ne 310

Protest against the Treaty of 2d August, 1815—Remarks on Russia—The Burning of Moscow— Projects of Napoleon had he returned victorious—Decrees of Berlin and Milan—Political Defense—Remarks to Captain Poppleton .... 0.0... ccc eee nee ee eee eee Page 356

Chapter XXV. 1816, September

Faded Dresses—The Campaign of Saxony—Reflections—The Massacres of the Third of September —Remarks on Revolutions—Unhappy Fate of Louis XVI.—Letters of Madam de Maintenon—

Errors of the English Ministers—The Debt of England—The Emperor’s Court at the Tuileries— The Emperor’s Munificence—Guards of the Eagle—Lucien’s Charlemagne.............. 368

CHAPTER XXVI. 1816, SepremBer. Continued

Scarcity of Food—The Emperor’s Freedom from Animosity—The Bourbons—On Impossibilities— Statistical Calculations—Sale of Plate—Fresh Vexations—Debt of St. Domingo—Plans of Administration—On Sensibility—Holland and King’ Louis—The Emperor’s Family—Business Habits of the Emperor—Treasures of Napoleon: 4.....2.n24- aus 440 qe eee nd i eae 385

CHAPTER XXVII. 1816, OcToBER

Fatalism—The Governor seeks another Interview—New Demands and Restrictions—Remarks to Dr. O’Meara—Laws—Communication from Sir Thomas Reade—Reduction of Expenses—Influence of Public Opinion—The Emperor's Son—The Sacred Cause of Washington and of Napoleon—-Great Grief of the Emperor ..4.. ..saageusar ei aaa ie tenn ate ee oe 400

CHAPTER XXVIII. 1816, Ocroper. Continued

The Declaration to be signed—Perplexity and Dismay—The Emperor proposes an Incognito—Remarks of the Emperor upon this Subject—Savary—Fouché—Siéyes—Conversation with Sityes —Anecdotes of the Emperor—Enthusiasm of the Parisian Populace—New Vexations—Four removed from Longwood ........') semen on mis Sesgkem Si ald as) + She(e, de eRe ae 414

CHAPTER XXIX. 1816, Ocroser. Continued

Intellectual Employments—Sale of Plate—Madam de Stael—Baron Larrey—Remarks on the peculiar Situation of the Emperor—Expenses at St. Helena—Marshal Jourdan—The Russian War —The Chamber of Sickness—Lord Exmouth’s Expedition—The Debt of England—Wellington and Waterloo—Sailors—Heartlessness of the Governor—A ffecting Scene—Immorality—Want of Water—Playfulness of the Emperor—Thoughts on Italy .................0.-0200055 425

CHAPTER XXX. 1816, Novemper

Rupture of the Treaty of Amiens*-Treatment of Prisoners—Exchange of Prisoners—Plan of employing Prisoners of War—Magnificent Views in reference to Antwerp—Reason for refusing the Terms offered at Chatillon—Confidence of the Emperor respecting the Verdict of Posterity —Disinthrallment of the Jews—Marriages—Freemasons—I!uminati—The Jesuits—The A ffair of Mallet-—The Emperor’s Family—The Historical Atlas—Anecdotes ................-- 438

CHAPTER XXXI. 1816, Novemser. Continued

Remarks on Russia—Contrast between Pitt and Fox—Monopolies—Wants of the French Navy— Remarks on the Imperial Government—Troubles in La Vendée—Remarks on Tragedy—Anec-

‘ CONTENTS. ioe dotes—Remarks on Religion ; on Instinct—Blucher—The Treatment of Soldiers—The Neapolitans—On Peace with England—Sir Sydney Smith—The Regeneration of Spain—Sir Hudson Lowe—Duplicity of the English Govermment: (ici or ag Whe ee cee ee Page 450

CHAPTER XXXII. 1816, Novemsper. Continued

Dumouriez—Leopold—The Tuileries—Monarchies and Republics—Hostility of the English Ministry—Designs of the Emperor—The Reorganization of Italy—Causes of the Emperor’s Downfall —Bernadotte—Wounds of the Emperor—Devotion of his Soldiers—The Return from Elba— Plans after Waterloo—Talleyrand—The Sword of Frederick—The Second Marriage—Anecdote —Dismissal of the Servant of Las Casas—Causes of Success—Alexander the: Great—Caesar— Hannibal—Frederick the Great—The Conscription—Lawyers—The Clergy ............. 469

CHAPTER XXXIII. 1816, Novemser. Continued

Longwood invested—Dramatic Readings—Lord Liverpool—Lord Sidmouth—-Lord Bathurst—Lord Castlereagh—The Division of Europe—Remarks on Wellington and Waterloo—Character of the French Ministers—Duroc—Marmont—Gaming—Memorable Remarks—A. Hereditary Nobility —Truth of History—The Bourbon Conspiracy—Pichegru—Moreau................0005 484

CHAPTER XXXIV. 1816, Novemper. Continued

Secret Visit from the Servant of Las Casas—Arrest of Las Casas—His Imprisonment—Indignation of the Emperor—Fainting-fit of O’Meara...................4... “thes cate HUIS CSG Re 502

CHAPTER XXXV. 1816, DecemBeER

Decision of Las Casas to return to Europe—Remarks of the Emperor upon the Conduct of the Governor—Remarks on Moreau, Desaix, Massena—Message to the Emperor from: the Governor —Indignant Remarks of the Emperor—Character of Alexander—The Expedition to Copenhagen —The Call from Lady Lowe—Continued Imprisonment oe Las Casas— Political Blunders of Par waptiereagn—1 he Wanuiactures Of TANCE...) ccc. atenenesg «ta secur tree «tcc 3 509

CHAPTER XXXVI. 1816, Decemprer. Continued

Letter from the Emperor to Las Casas—Arrival of Sir Thomas Strange—Brutality of Colonel Reade—Death of Moreau—-Anecdote—Continued Imprisonment of Las Casas—Relentings of the Governor—Views of the Emperor respecting his Situation—-Las Casas forbidden to take leave of the Emperor—Departure of Las Casas—His subsequent Persecutions......, vee. O16

Chapter XXXVII. 1817, January

New-Year’s Gifts—Representations of Chateaubriand and of Sir Robert Wilson—Annoyance from Rats—Secret Amours of Napoleon—The Invasion of England—Conduct of the Governor... 527

CHAPTER XXXVIII. 1817, Fepruary

Message from the Governor—Remarks of the Emperor upon his Treatment—Russia and the Emperor Paul—On the Invasion of India—Designs of Alexander—The Ambigu—The Return from Elba — Character of the French — Newspapers withheld from the Emperor—Vigilance with which the Emperor was guarded—Blunders of Lord Castlereagh—The Botanist who had seen Maria duaminat x aid, 80 sates ert Wieclul od baton dann odd a3 wndathie 92k 4 Gee muda le 531

CONTENTS. ’

"A

CHAPTER XXXIX. 1817, Marcu

False Assertion of Lord Castlereagh—O”’Meara’s previous Estimate of the Emperor—Napoleon’s Confidence in the Verdict of Posterity—The Libels of Pelletier—The iron Railing—The Distress in England—Napoleon’s Proposition to assume an Incognito—Warden’s Book—Prince Regent —Montchenu—The Bookseller Palm—The New Testament—Conduct of the Governor—Talleyrand—Remarks on Egypt—Menou—The Secret Memoirs—Uniting the Nations ..... Page 539

CHAPTER XL. 1817, Aprit and May

On Aristocracy—Cornwallis—False Documents—Lord Whitworth—Commendation of the English Seamen—Habits of Writing—Pleasant Interview with Admiral Malcolm—Remarks on receiving Lord Amherst—The Princess of Wales—Prince Leopold—The Re-establishment of Poland— Deplorable State of Louis XVIIJ.—Lord Bathurst’s Speech ..............-2. eee ese 555

CHAPTER XLI. ‘ 1817, JuNE

The marble Bust—Present from Lady Holland and others—Grand Lama—Murat—Waterloo—

The Delivery of the Bust—The Mother of Napoleon—Testimony of Mrs. Abell—Necessity for the second Abdication—aArrival of Lord Amherst...-.,....:. 5.0...) eee oe ao 566

CHAPTER XLII. 1817, Juiy

Arrival of the Congueror—Malcolm—Validity of Napoleon's Title to the Crown—Breakfast with O’Meara—Story of the Bust—Letter to Mr. Radwick—The Presentation of Lord Amherst—Remarkable Conversation-——Vigilance with which the Emperor was guarded—Captain Elphinstone —The Present—Cause of the War with Spain—Anecdote—Controversy with the Governor— increasing Tyranny... ... .'.'.'. secgeeks gene seeps ern rear 572

CHAPTER XLIII. 1817, Aucust

Rumor of a Removal to Malta—Remarks upon the English Ministers—The Emperor's Birth-day— fondness for Children—Blindman’s’ Buff—Anecdotes—The Queen of Prussia—Malta-—Interesting Remarks—Maria Louisa—The Restoration of the Bourbons—Dethronement of the Spanish Princes—Robespierre—Talleyrand—Fouché—Carnot ......... cece eee cee cece ene es 584

CHAPTER XLIV. 1817, SepTEMBER

Influence of Libels—St. Helena chosen by Wellington—Remarks on Sir Hudson Lowe—Society of Ladies—St. Domingo—The Manuscript from St. Helena—Anecdote of the lent Horse—Ross Cottage—The Earthquake—Remarks on the Restrictions—Aristocratic Pride............ 591

CHAPTER XLV. 1817, Ocroser, Novemser, and DEecEeMBER

Alarming Symptoms—The Restrictions relaxed—The Duke of Reichstadt deprived of his Inheritance — Napoleon’s Command of himself—Libels—Continued Crimes of the Governor—The 1 ps OST SRR ORS eM RF oS, Lt AT all Miatd gry |! S «ays aah Seageais Ree ie 597

Chapter XLVI. 1818

Sad Condition of the Emperor—Remarks on the French Revolution—O’Meara insulted by the Governor—Contrast between Lowe and Cockburn—New Instructions from Lord Bathurst—Portraits of Napoleon’s Son—Dr. O’Meara again insulted by the Governor—Plans in the Invasion of England—Death of Cipriani—Gourgaud’s Return to Europe—Departure of the Baleombes— O'Meara Imprisoned—O’Meara sent from the Island—Extension of Liberty—Dr. Stockoe.. 600 poleon

—_

—

. Searching the Emperor’s Trunks . Farewell to France . Kleber Assassinated

SODNRANPwWD

. The Rock of St. Helena wNaew of The Brers.:. 204.25."

. Respect the Burden . Madam Montesquieu and the King of

. The Drunken Sentinel .<Battlel of Awatberiitaei os oe i ey, . Death of Lannes

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Chapter XLVII. 1819

New Outrages—Departure of Madam Montholon—Noble Protest—Arrival of Dr. Antommarchi and the Ecclesiastics—Conversation with Antommarchi—The Books and the Portrait—Protest of Dr. Antommarchi—Corsica as a Retreat—Amiability of the Emperor—The Ancestry of Na-

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Chapter XLVIII. 1820

New-year’s Day—Gardening Operations—Journal of the orderly Officer—Remarks on Waterloo and the Holy Alliance—Interview with the Daughter of Sir Hudson Lowe—Scenes at Fontainebleau—The Emperor’s filial Affection—Birth-day Presents—Proposak for Hscape—Aversion to Medicine—Public Works of the Emperor—The Fish-basin—Death of the Princess Eliza—Remarks on the Divorce—The Close of the Year eeee i

CHAPTER XLIX. 1821, January to May

Completion of the new House—Lady Holland—Phrenology—Departure of Buonavita—Progress of the Disease—Remarks to Dr. Arnott—The Emperor’s Will—Atheism—The last Letter—The Dying-scene—Burial—Departure of the Companions of Napoleon....................+.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

. Napoleon’s Reception on board the Belleraphon gira) ehclamessication aah.

. Napoleon appealing to Gasparin...... . Napoleon and Junot PeThe Pirst: Dictation . pasos bint ad? . The First Sight of St. Helena + The Northumberland and LP Ha eat apeh enets se tvhal wre. id oF a ef 9.40 0

_proaching St. Helena. .

Napoleon’s Room

SMe Meee <w 18) ey .eliipite aN 'a,.0) eof s 7A

. The Emperor and Las Casas at The Briers che. 4. ie: (6 ue o) (e'Rer os: ee Ses) 6116) 014s) 8 A Yous WR 2) 0) ca

TI re, Feta ochah it aes

~The Infernal Machine... 0 2.0002.0.5.4°. . Napoleon and poor Toby............. . Portrait of Josephine . View of Longwood.... . Plan of Longwood........ . Napoleon and the Farmer . The Emperor wounded at Ratisbonne. .

‘Napoleon descending the Ravine . The Sailors of the Northumberland visa we Shab ie ele) wi iktve 3 ee Ci UC ar Ma ee et Vat

A a er iting their Shipmate .....

Aree Oe Ss Ore wa, « eo ae

Page

The Emperor on the Cliff Death. of Murathatnd.. hae sisuse Ma | ‘“‘Tyrannical Act of a Usurper’’.......

The English Soldiers saluting the Em-

PECOPL suey se oP ae A ett ery.

oy ans Se of wl aie tee fase

. Napoleon examining the Accounts. ... . The Emperor and the Peasant Woman . The Game of Chess - ‘Portrait, of Marshal Nevgitiert uc. 0802 . Portrait of the Empress Maria Louisa . . The Emperor’s Return to the Tuileries . Execution of Marshal Ney........... . The Emperor asleep at Wagram...... . Portrait of Marshal Soult............ . The Fanatic of Shoenbrunn......... . Portrait of Talleyrand? 348 07. 9008: .. . Napoleon receiving the Command from at lee) wei fam 6 Le 0, 6 10) beh a Re the: Convention Vane, fee

. The Emperor’s Residence at Elba..... . Napoleon and Metternich in Council . . . The Emperor crossing Poland........ . The golden Acorn....... . “ And yet they have dared to say that I cS f Sra ee oe 6 could not write”’

o oe0 chit ae Si esee eS m8 Be 0

. The Retreat from Russia. ........... : The Bosphorus-.:.. . ahs tiate 2 54. The Birth-house of Napoleon. dens Rites tial . Napoleon’s Apartment at Longwood .. . Interview with Sir Hudson Lowe a . The Return of the Bourbons

Xl

Lot

140 144 153 157 159

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Xl Page

58. The Returned Emigrant........-..-- 184 59. Portrait of Charles Bonaparte, the Fa- ) ther of Napoleon............--+++ 186 60. Napoleon and Hoche ............--. 189 61. The Captive and his Jailer...:......- 202 62. Portrait of Louis Bonaparte, the Broth-

GEOL TVAPOLCON a: 2.6.0.0. vice ces es: 209 63. Portrait of Hortense, the Daughter of

DR PDHINIG A Skip adordte litt ao «hee 210 64. Portrait of Madam Letitia, the mother

RIM DL Zein aud ai iO is Pak: 211 65. Portrait of Jerome Bonaparte, the Broth-

ET OL UNAPOIEON Cte okie oes wide. 213 UB gt ES bee HED 6 ht IR dhl ri ath RU 222 Grea ortrartor- Camote seat eis 22k ees 223 68! Bay of Ajaccio, Corsica ............. 22 69. Portrait of Lucien Bonaparte, the Broth-

er'0f Napoleon iar24a% 4). © «2. saya 228 70. Arrest of George Cadoudal .......... 232 71. The Emperor at Breakfast........... 262

. Interview with the Spanish Princes ... . Torture-room ofthe Spanish Inquisition. 268

. The three Sovereigns at Tilsit........ 273 ral he meumperor dictating :. <2. 0 27e Es 276 .. Scenery at St: Helena s,s. 2.04. oar 277

. The Retreat from Waterloo.......... 278 . Napoleon chosen Corporal........... 288 . The Sentinel and the Little Corporal .. 289

. Honor to unfortunate Courage . The Emperor and Little Tristam . Portrait of Murat . The March through the Desert os Avieko eMele 0 ret co 185 eta epee) eer ekg im Xie el we e\et «ies

0) lohkepe tal ee

Sa rhe Rums of Eoyptr....0.. 0. saceue. 317 85. The Attack upon the Tuileries ....... 328 86. Napoleon descending the Alps ....... 334 Bi) Yaulev at st. Helena rane ot 2.0 | 339 BeucThe oronatoney.. greedy, La vie 348 89. The Conflagration of Moscow ........ 363 90. The Emperor’s Bivouac............. 367 91, Eylau after the Battleic:. 4 @iRo) 372 92. The Emperor in the Wagoner’s Shop. 373 93. The Emperor dictating.............. 388 94. Portrait of Joseph Bonaparte, the Broth-

er of Napoleon! uo). 22. ti 393 95. Napoleon incognito................. A21

. The Emperor receiving the Sacrament

The Emperor and the Market-woman. 493 Baron ‘Larrey.....¢. > eee ee 427 Portrait of Pauline the Sister of Napoleon. 3 :.s1+92aldeceeteeneaiene babe 449 The Emperor contemplating Constantinople ..:,. v2: ack oten Ayeuanee cae 452 The Infernal Machine.............. 462 . Napoleon at Montereau ............ 465 . The Bomb-sheliiy ees. eee 476 . The Emperor examining the Fortifications | 2") See ae ee 485 . The Governor and his Aids......... 504 ‘Arrest of Das*Oasds men.) meee 505

. Examining the Papers of Las Casas.. 507

;: The’ Falfor Moreane 7s. 520 . Death:of Bessieres 74. a. eo ee 521 Death of Poniatowski.............. 525 Interview with Lord Whitworth. .... 556 .. Napoleon’. x jee aera ae eee ee 573 . Adieu 40,0’ Meara 7 od: . eee 610

. Napoleon receiving the Portrait of his

SOU). ui. ila woe ba eee ee 618 . che Emperor a Gardener ..- <2 een 624 . The Emperor Gardening’: 4. /2iS28 627 x Phen ish-basitieg. 956.1) bk 2954 Soe 629

Portrait of Eliza, the Sister of Bona-

Darte auch vty ses cee. 633 . Napoleon with his Wife and Child... 634 . The embarrassed Interview ......... 635 . The new House...... os Ba .2ee8 636 . Chamber of Sickness ....%....... 640 . Napoleon dictating his last Letter ... 647 of the Lord’s Supper .............

The Storm: >... 3a 2 Se ee 651 The Dying-scene..eg2 signee eee 652 Napoleon’sGravét nc Seis. auras aa 656 LIST OF MAPS.

. Siege of Toulon. 3.45.1) ashi taoeage 26 . The Turkish Empire os 25ers 109 . Map.of Waterlooint ture ta ame ant 279 .. St. Helena 3 ie 290 she gpl See 550

NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA