The late war, between the United States and Great Britain, from June 1812, to February 1815 : written in the ancient historical style

Front matter

Darlington Memorial Library

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Preface

THE records of truth have been esteemed By men in all ages ; but when connected with history, especially that of our own country, they J become doubly interesting.

The work here presented to the public, 'is a

?s faithful statement of the principal facts which

took place during the Late War between the

United States and Great Britain. It was writ-

v ten not only for the author's amusement, but to

*i condense, in as concise a manner as his talents

would allow him, those prominent circumstances

which ought to live forever in the American

J? memory.

He has avoided every expression or sentiment r that might wound the most delicate ear, and r endeavoured throughout to inculcate the prin- ^ eiples of virtue, liberty and patriotism.^

Zealous as the author is to record whatever jv in his opinion redounds to the honor of his be- I loved country, he believes he has, in no instance I overstepped the modesty of truth, or suffered his passions to triumph over his prudence. He has had recourse, principally, to official documents ; and, where these failed, to private accounts, well authenticated. He, therefore, commits his work to the public candour, apologising only for any deject in the style, which lie hopes nill not he less pleasing for being an humble imitation of the oriental.

Should this effort succeed, he intends publishing, in the same mode of writing, the History of England, from the time of Julius Cesar to the commencement of the American Revolution, and the History of America, including the Revolutionary war, from that period to the commencement of this work.

G. J. HUNT, mz

CHAP. IV-John Henry— Elijah Parish. 29

CHAP. V — American Army — Militia — Navy — British Navy — Rogers' first Cruise — capture of the U. S. brig Nautilus— removal of aliens beyond tide-water 32

CHAP VI — Hull's expedition — he enters Canada, and encamps at Sandwich — issues his Proclamation— retreats to Detroit. 36

CHAP. Vll-HulVs expedition — surrender of his army and the whole Michigan Territory his trial and pardon by the President — capture of Mkhilimackinack 4#

A2

VI TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page,

GHAP. VIII— Capture of the British frigate Gverriere, by the United States' frigate Constitution, captain Hull — capture of the Alert sloop of roar, by captain Porter, in the Essex. 48

CHAP. IX — Attack on SackeWs Harbor — affair of Ogdensburgh — British drove from St. Regh, by the Troy militia under major Young — the brigs Adams and Caledonia re-captured by capt. Elliot, near fort Erie. 52

CHAP. X — Battle of Queenslown — the British Gen.

Brock killed. 56

CHAP. XI — Gen. Smythe succeeds Gen. Van Rensselaer— his attempt to cross the Niagara, and failure — causes. 61

CHAP. XII — Capture of the sloop of war, Frolic of 22 guns, by the United Slates' sloop of war Wasp of 18 guns. 64

CHAP. XIII— Capture of the British frigate Macedonian, by Com. Decatur, in the frigate United States — brig Vixen captured by the British frigate Southampton. 67

CHAP. XIV — Affairs in the north— skirmishes— battle of Frenchtorvn, on the river Raisin — capture of Gen. Winchester's army — massacre of American prisoners. 72

CHAP. XV— Capture of the British frigate Java, by

the United State* frigate Constitution, 79

TABLE OF CONTENTS, Tli

Pace.

CHAP. XVI — Com. Rogers* return from a second cruise — capture of the United States brig Viper — the General Armstrong and a Britishfrigate — privateering 84

CHAP. XVII — Capture and burning of Ogdensbug'i

by the British. 90

CHAP. XVIII— Capture of the Peacock of IS guns by Ihiited States sloop of niar Hornet of IS gu?is — reluvn of the Chesapeake from a cruize. 93

CHAP. XIX — Capture of Little York in upper Ca. nada — the destruction of the American army prevented by the precaution of Gen. Pike — his death. 98

CHAP. XX — Sketches of the History of America. 108

CHAP. XXl-Depredations in the Chesapeake — Havre-de-Grace burnt by the British under Admiral Cockburn — attack on Crany Island — Hampton taken by the British — outrages. 114

CHAP. XXII— Bayard and Galatin sail for St. Pctersburgh — the British compelled to abandon the siege of fort Meigs. \22

CHAP. XXIII — Surrender of fort George and fort Erie to the Americans — General Brown drives the British from before SackcWs Harbor, 7vith great Inss — Gens. Hinder and Chandler made prisoners at Forty Mile Creek. 12$

Vlil TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Passt:.

CHAP. XXIV— Capture of the Chesapeake— Com.

Decatur blockaded in New-London. 129

CHAP. XXV— Capture nf Col. Boerstler and Major Chapm, with their command — treatment of prisoners — Major Chapm' s escape. 136

CHAP. XXVI — Capture of Fort Schlosser and Black Rock — Gen. Dearborn resigns his command to Gen. Boyd, on account nf sickness— the Six Nations declare war against Canada. 139

CHAP. XXVII — Affairs on Lake Ontario, between the fleets of Com. Chauncey and Sir James Yeo. 144

CHAP. XXVIII — Affairs on Lake Champlain — pillage of Pittsburgh by the British — bombardment of Burlington — depredations committed in the Chesapeake, andalmg the coast. 147

CHAP. XXIX— Major Croghan defeats the British and Indians, under Gen. Proctor, in their attack on Fort Stephenson, Lower Sandusky. 151

CHAP. XXX — British schooner Dominica, of 14 guns, captured by the privateer Decatur, of 7 guns — U. S. brig Argus captured by the Pelican — capture of the Boxer by the U. S. brig Enterprise. I5f

CHAP. XXXI— Ca; Jure of the British fleet on Lake Erie, by the American fleet under Com. Perry. 161

TABLE OP CONTENTS. ix

Page,

CHAP. XXXII — Capture of Maiden and Detroit — the army of Gen. Proctor retreat towards the Moravian towns — Gen. Harrison pursues them. 167

CHAP. XXXIII— Battle of the Thames— Gen. Harrison captures the British army under Gen. Proctor — illumination on account of it — news of it received in England. 1 72

CHAP. XXXIV— War with the Creek Nation of Indians— massacre at Fort Mimms

Georgia and Tennessee militia, under Gen. Jackson, retaliate. 179

CHAP. XXXV— Continuation of the Creek War- Gen Jackson's grand victory over them — they sue for peace — a treaty is Concluded with them. 183

CHAP. XXX VI— Plan of attack on Montreal defeated. 1 9@

CHAP. XXXVII— Newark burnt— Fort George evacuated— JSiagara frontier laid waste — Buffalo burnt. 195

CHAP. XXXVIII— Cruise of the U.S. frigate Essex, D. Porter commander — her defence and capture, at Valparaiso. W3

CHAP. XXXIX— Capture of the U. S.- sloop of war Frolic, by the British frigate Orpheus — capture of the British sl>op of war L'Epervier, by the Peacock, Cap. Warrington— capture of the Reindeer, by the

•

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page*

Wasp, Capt. Blakely — the Avon captured and sunk — U. S. vessels Syren and Rattlesnake captured — Admiral Cochrane declares the whole American coast in a state of blockade. 20*

CHAP. XL— Breaking vp of the cantonment at French Mills— affair at La Cole Mill— Major Appling captures two hundred British seamen— Gen. Brown captures Fort Erie — battle of Chippana plains. 209

CHAP. XLII — Assault on Fort Erie, by the British, under Gen. Drummond — Cen. Brown resumes his command — sallies out of Fort Erie against the British camp — M' Arthur's expedition into Canada. 217

CHAP. XLHI— Attack on Slonington, by the British ships of mar, which are defeated and driven off. 222

CHAP. XLIV — Affairs in the Chesapeake — British army move up the Patuxent — land and maixh towards the city of Washington — prepare themselves for battle at Bladensburgh. 225

CHAP. XLV — Capture of Washington— sacking of

Alexandria — death of Sir Peter Parker. 229

CHAP. XLVI — British, under Gov. Prevost, go against Plaltsburgh — Com. M' Donough captures the British squadron on Lake Champlaih — 240

TABLE OP CONTENTS.

XI

CHAP. XLVH— Battle of Pittsburgh— defeat of Sir

George Ptevost. 246

CHAP. XLVIII— ^Macfc on Baltimore, by the British army, under Gen. Ross, and the fleet under Admirals Cochrane and Cockburn. 250

CHAP. XLIX — Destruction of the privateer Gen. Armstrong, Samuel C. Rcid, captain — Scorpion and Tigress captured— U. S. frigate Adams burnt — Castine — Fort Boyer attacked — destruction of the pi* rates at Barrataria, t.y Com. Patterson — Gen. Jackson captures Pensacola, and returns to New-Orleans. 25*

CHAP. L — Steam boats — Fulton — torpedoes — attempt to blow up the Plantagemt — kidnapping Joshua Penny.

CHAP. LI — Affairs in and about Kern-York, the first commercial ci!y !n America— working on the fortifications of Brooklyn and Hacrlem — capture of the British lender Eagle, by the Yankee smack. 274

CHAP. LII — Affairs on the cc*an—priva!eer Prince of Neufchatel — Marquis of Tweedale defeated in Upper Canada — capture of the President — loss of the Sylph — cnplvre of e tyane and the Jjevant by the Constitution— capture of the St. Lawrence — capture of the Penguin by ihe Hornet, eoptain Biddle. 282

£11 TABLE OF CONTENTS.

pag eg.

CHAP. LIII — British fleet arrives near New-Orleans — the Am rican flotilla captured—attacks by the British upon the army of Gen.

Jackson. 289

CHAP. LI V— Grand Battle ofNtw-OrUans. 294

CHAP. LV— Peace. 301

Algerine War 307

Conclusion 315

Commercial Treaty. 319

Treaty with Algiers. 323

Treaty with tke Creeks. 32?

THE

HISTORY

OF THE

LATE WAR,

Between the U. States and G. Britain.

Chap. I

Presidents Message — Causes of the War — - Energetic Measures proposed.

1M OW it came to pass, in the one thousand eight hundred and twelfth year of the christian era, and in the thirty and sixth year after the people of the provinces of Columbia ha I declared themselves independent of all the kingdoms of the earth ;

2 That in the sixth month of the same year, on the first day of the month, the chief Governor, whom the people had chosen to rule over the land of Columbia ;

B

3 Even James, whose sur-name was Madison, delivered a written paper* to the Great Sanhedrim! of the people, who were assembled together.

4 And the name of the city where the people were gathered together was called after the name of the chief captain of the land of Columbia, whose fame extendeth to the uttermost parts of the earth : albeit, he had gone to the land of his fathers.

5 Nevertheless, the people loved him, inasmuch as he wrought their deliverance from the yoke of tyranny in times past : so they called the city Washington.

6 Now, when the written paper was received, the doors of the chambers of the Great Sanhedrim were closed, and a seal was put upon every man's mouth.

7 And the counsellors of the nation, and the wise men thereof, ordered the written paper which James had delivered unto them to be read aloud ; and the interpretation thereof was in this wise :

8 Lo! the lords and the princes of the Kingdom of Britain, in the fulness of their

* President's manifesto, f Congress.

pride and power, have trampled upon the altar of Liberty, and violated the sanctuary thereof :

9 Inasmuch as they hearkened not unto the voice of moderation, when the voice of the people of Columbia was, Peace ! peace !

10 Inasmuch as they permitted not the tall ships of Columbia to sail in peace on the waters of the mighty deep ; saying in their hearts, These spoils shall be given unto the king.

11 Inasmuch as they robbed the ships of Columbia of the strong men that wrought therein, and used them for their own use, even as a man useth his ox or his ass.

12 Inasmuch as they kept the men stolen from the ships of Columbia in bondage many years, and caused them to fight the battles of the king, even against their own brethren ! neither gave they unto them silver or gold, but many stripes.

13 JN'ovv thfr men of Columbia were not like unto the slaves of Britain ; neither were their backs hardened unto the whip, as were the servants of the king; therefore tifti they murmured, and their murmurings have been heard.

1 4 Moreover the Council of Britain sent forth a Decree to all the nations of the earth, sealed with the signet of the Prince Regent, who governed the nation in the name of the King his father ; for, lo ! the King was possessed of an evil spirit, and his son reigned in his stead.

1 5 For the lords of the kingdom of Britain loved to dwell under the shadow of George the King, and under the shadow of George his son. ♦

16 Now this Decree of the Council of Britain was a grievous thing, inasmuch as it permitted not those who dealt in merchandize to go whithersoever they chose, and trade freely with all parts of the earth.

17 And it fell hard upon the people of Columbia; for the king said unto them, Ye shall come unto me and pay tribute, then may ye depart to another country.

18 Now these things pleased the pirates and the cruisers and all the sea-robbers of Britain mishtilv, inasmuch as thev could rob with impunity the commerce of ^Columbia, under the cloak of British honor.

19 Furthermore, have not the servants of the king leagued with the savages of the wilderness, and given unto them silver and gold, and placed the destroying engines in their hands ?

20 Thereby stirring up the spirit of Satan within them, that they might spill the blood of the people of Columbia ; even the blood of our old men, our wives,and our little ones !

21 Thus hath Britain in her heart commenced War against the people of Columbia, whilst they have cried aloud for peace : and when she smote them on the one cheek they have turned unto her the other also.

22 Now, therefore, shall we the independent people of Columbia, sit down silently, as slaves, and bow the neck to Britain ?

23 Or, shall we nobly, and like our forefathers, assert our rights, and defend that which the Lord hath given unto us, Liberty and Independence ?

CHAP. II. Report of the Committee — Declaration of War

li OW, when there was an end made of reading the paper which James had written, the Sanhedrim communed one with another touching the matter.

2 And they chose certain wise men from among them to deliberate thereon.

3 And they commanded them to go forth from their presence, for that purpose, and return again on the third day of the same month.

4 Now, when the third day arrived, at the "eleventh hour of the day, they came forth

and presented themselves before the Great Sanhedrim of the people.

5 And the chief of the wise men, whom they had chosen, opened his mouth and spake unto them after this manner :

6 Behold ' day and night have we meditated upon the words which James hath de-

Jivered, and we are weary withal, for our hearts wished peace.

7 But the wickedness of the kingdom of Great Britain, and the cruelty of the princes thereof, towards the peaceable inhabitants of the land of Columbia, may be likened unto the fierce lion, when he putteth his paw upon the innocent lamb to devour him.

8 Nevertheless, the lamb shall not be slain; for the Lord will be his deliverer.

9 And if, peradventure, the people of Columbia go not out to battle against the king, then will the manifold wrongs committed against them be increased ten-fold, and they shall be as a mock and a bye-word among all nations.

10 Moreover, the righteousness of your cause shall lead you to glory, and the pillars of your liberty shall not be shaken.

11 Therefore, say we unto you, Gird on your swords and go forth to battle against the king ; even against the strong powers of Britain ; and the Lord God of Hosts be with you.

12 Now when the great Sanhedrim of the people heard those things which the wiso men had uttered, they pondered them in their minds many days, and weighed them well.

13 Even until the seventeenth day of the month pondered they in secret concerning .the matter.

14 And it was so, that on the next day they sent forth a Decree, making WAR upon the kingdom of Great Britain, and upon the servants and upon the slaves thereof.

15 And the Decree was signed with the hand writing of James, the chief Governor of the land of Columbia.

16 After these things, the doors of the chambers of the Sanhedrim were opened.

wl

Chap. III

Reception of the Declaration of War in Great Britain — her friends in America — Caleb Strong — Hartford Convention.

AND it came to pass, that when the princes awl the lords and the counsellors of Britain saw the Decree, their wrath was kindled, and their hearts were ready to burst with indignation.

2 For, verily, said they, this insult hath overflowed the cup of our patience ; and now will we chastise the impudence of these Yankees, and the people of Columbia shall bow before the king.

3v(Now the word Yankees was used by the people of Britain as a term of reproach.)

4 Then will we ruic them with a rod of iron; and they shall be, unto us, hewers of wood and drawers of water.

5 For, verily, shall we suffer these cunning Yankees to beard the mighty lion, with half a dozen fir-built frigates, the men whereof are but mercenary cowards, bastards and outlaws ?

6 Neither durst they array themselves in battle against the men of Britain; no! we will sweep their stars from the face of the waters, and their name shall be heard no more among nations.

7 Shall the proud conquerors of Europe not laugh to scorn the feeble efforts of a few unorganized soldiers, undisciplined, and fresh from the plough, the hoe, and the mattock ?

8 Yea, they shall surely fall ; for they were not bred to fighting as were the servants of the king.

9 Their large cities, their towns, and their villages will we burn with consuming fire.

10 Their oil, and their wheat, and their rye, and their corn, and their barley, and their rice, and their buckwheat, and their oats, and their flax, and all the products of their country will we destroy, and scatter the remnants thereof to the four winds of heaven.

1 1 All these things, and more, Avill we do unto this fro ward people. ? 12 Neither shall there be found safety for age or sex from the destroying swords of the soldiers of the king.

13 Save in those provinces and towns where dwell the friends of the king ; for lo ! said they, the king's friends are many.

14 These will we spare ; neither will we hurt a hair of their heads : nor shall the savages of the wilderness stain the scalping knife or the tomahawk with the blood of the king's friends.

15 Now it happened about this time that there were numbers of the inhabitants of the country of Columbia whose hearts yearned after the king of Britain.

16 These men were called Tories, which signifieth, in the vernacular tongue, the blind followers of royalty.

17 And with their false flattering words they led astray some of the children of Co* lumbian Liberty ; for their tongues were smoother than oil.

18 Evil machinations entered into their hearts, and the poison of their breath might be likened unto the deadly Bohon Upas, which rears its lofty branches in the barren valley of Java.*

19 And they strove to dishearten the true friends of the great Sanhedrim ; but they prevailed not.

20 Moreover, Satan entered into the heart of one of the governors of the east, and he was led astray by the wickedness thereof, even Caleb, the shittamite.f

21 Now Caleb, which in the cherokee tongue, signifieth an ass, liked not the decree of the great Sanhedrim, inasmuch as he favored the king of Britain ; and, though willing to become a beast of burden, yet would not move on account of his very great stupidity.

22 And he said unto the captains of the hosts of the state over which he presided, Lo! it seemeth not meet unto me that ye go forth to battle against the king.

23 For, lo ! are not the fighting men of

* Of the existence of this wonderful tree there have been, doubts : but the reader is referred to the relation of P. N. Foersch, who has given a satisfactory account oi it, froru his o^a travels in its neighborhood.

f Shittamite, in the hebrew, is applied to a dissenter :— f»etbaps it may be equally applicable here,

Britain in multitude as the sand on the sea shore ? and shall we prevail against them ?

24 Are not the mighty ships of the king spread over the whole face of the waters? is not Britain the " bulwark of our religion?*'

25 Therefore, I command that ye go not out to battle, but every man remain in his own house.

26 And all the governors of the east listened unto the voice of Caleb, the shittamite.

27 Moreover, the angel of the Lord whispered in the ear of Caleb, and spake unto him, saying,

28 If, peradventure, thou dost refuse to obey the laws of the land, the thing will not be pleasant in the sight of the Lord ;

29 Inasmuch as it may cause the people to rise up one against another, and spill the blood of their own children.

30 And the time of warfare will be lengthened out, and the blood of thousands will be upon thine head.

31 And Satan spake, and said unto Caleb, Fear not ; for if thou wilt forsake thy country, and throw off the paltry subterfuge of

Columbian Liberty, and defy the councils of the great Sanhedrim,

32 Then shall thy name be proclaimed with the sound of the trumpet throughout all the earth ; and thou shalt be a prince and a ruler over this people.

33 Now the smooth words of Satan tickled Caleb mightily, and he hearkened unto the counsel of the wicked one :

34 For the good counsel given unto him was as water thrown upon a rock.

3.5 But when the chief governor and the great Sanhedrim of the people saw the wickedness of Caleb, their hearts were moved with pity toward him and his followers : yea, even those who had made a convention at the little town of Hartford.

36 Neither doth the scribe desire to dwell upon the wickedness which came into the village of Hartford, the signification of the name whereof, in the vernacular tongue, appeareth not.

37 For the meddling therewith is as the green pool of unclean waters, when a man casteth a stone therein.

CHAP. IV. John Henry — Elijah Parish

.LET the children of Columbia beware of false prophets, which come in sheep's clothing ; for it is written, Ye shall know them by their fruits.

2 J\Tow it came to pass, that a certain man, whose sir-name was Henry, came before James, the chief governor, and opened his mouth, and spake unto him, saying,

3 Lo ! if thou wilt give unto me two score and ten thousand pieces of silver, then will I unfold unto thee the witchcraft of Britain, that thereby thy nation may not be caught in her snares.

4 And James said unto him, Verily, for the good of my country, I will do this thing.

5 And immediately the man Henry opened his mouth, a second time, and said,

6 Lo ! the lords' and the counsellors of Britain have made a covenant with me, and i have promised me many pieces of gold if I would make a league with the provinces of ihe east, that they might favor the king ; and long and faithfully have I labored in their cause.

7 But they deceived me, even as they would deceive the people of Columbia ; for their promises are as the idle wind that passeth by, which no man regardeth.

8 And, when he had gotten the silver into his own hands, he departed to the land of the Gauls, where he remaineth even until this day.

9 Nevertheless, the people profited much thereby ; inasmuch as it put them upon the watch, and they guarded themselves against the evil accordingly.

10 He that longeth after the interpretation of the deeds of Henry, let hirn go and make inquiry of those who acted with him, the ministers of the Hartford Convention.

11 Now, there was a certain hypocrite whose name was Elijah, and he was a false prophet in the east, and led astray those of little understanding : moreover, he was an hireling, and preached for the sake of filthy lucre.

12 And he rose up and called himself a preacher of the gospel, and his words were smooth, and the people marvelled at him ;

13 But he profaned the temple of the Lord, and he strove to lead his disciples into the wrong way.

14 And many wise men turned their backs against him ; nevertheless he repented not of his sins unto this day.

15 Neither did the people, as Darius the Mede did unto the prophet Daniel, cast him into the den of lions, that they might see whether the royal beasts would disdain to devour him.

16 But they were rejoiced that power was not given unto him to command fire to come down from heaven to consume the friends of tjie great Sanhedrim.

g 2

Chap. V

American A rmy — Militia — Navy — British Navy~~ Rogers' first Cruise — capture of the U. S. brig Nautilus — removal of aliens beyond tide-water.

A HE whole host of the people of Columbia, who had been trained to war, being numbered, was about seven thousand fighting men.*

2 Neither were they assembled together ; but they were extended from the north to the south, about three thousand miles.f

3 But the husbandmen, who lived under their own fig-tre^, and lifted the arm in defence of their own homes, were more than seven hundred thousand, all mighty men of valor.

4 Now the armies of the king of Britain, are they not numbered and written in the book of Hume, the scribe ? is not their name a terror to all nations ?

* Standing army.

) From District of Maine to Mobile bay and New-Orleans,

*

5 Moreover, the number of the strong ships of the peaceable inhabitants of Columbia, that moved on the waters of the deep, carrying therein the destroying engines, which vomited their thunders, was about one score; besides a handful of "cock-boats;" with " a bit of striped bunting at their masthead."

6 But the number of the fighting vessels of Britain was about one thousand one score and one, which bore the royal cross.

7 And the men of war of Britain were arrayed in their might against the people of the land of Columbia.

8 Nevertheless, it came to pass, that about this time a strong ship of t^e United Slates, called the President, commanded by a skillful man whose name was Rogers,*

9 Sailed towards the island of Britain, and went nigh unto it, and made captive numbers of the vessels of the people of Britain, in their own waters ; after which she returned in safety to the land of Columbia.

10 And the people gave much praise to

* Com. Rogers.

Kogers, for it was a cunYiing thing ; inasmuch as he saved many ships that were richly laden, so that they fell not into the hands of the people of Britain.

1 1 Moreover, it happened about the fifteenth day of the seventh month, in the same year in which the decree of the great Sanhedrim was issued, that a certain vessel of the states of Columbia was environed round about by a multitude of the ships of the king ;

12 And the captain thereof was straitened, and he looked around him, and strove to escape :

13 But he was entrapped, and fell a prey to the vessels of the king ; howbeit, the captain, whose name was Crane, tarnished not his honor thereby.

14 And the name of the vessel of the United States was called Nautilus.

15 Now, about this time, there was a law sent forth from the great Sanhedrim, commanding all servants and subjects of the king of Britain forthwith to depart beyond the swellings of the waters of the great deep; even two score miles,.

16 And they did so ; and their friends from whom they were compelled to flee, mourned for them many days.

17 After this they could do no evil, on the which their hearts were bent continually.

J 8 And when they arrived in the back parts of the far extended provinces of Columbia, the husbandmen opened their mouths, and the dumb beasts looked at them with astonishment.

19 Neither doth the scribe marvel at their astonishment; for were not the servants of the king astonished, out of measure, at the brave men of Columbia.

Chap. VI

HulVs expedition — Tie enters Canada, and encamps at Sandwich — issues his Proclamation— retreats to Detroit.

IN OW it was known throughout the land of Columbia that war was declared against the kingdom of Britain.

2 And to a certain chief captain called William, whose sur-name was Hull, was given in trust a band of more than two thousand chosen men, to go forth to battle in the north.*