The Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia

Front matter

wrr

NATIONAL

LIBRARY

Contents

IX.

Mr Freiderich’s Researches in Bali, . • • .. 117

x.

Index

Vlll

Sketches at the Nicobars, xv ^ ogi

banners and customs of the Malays, xvii. *' 274

A few particulars respecting the Nicobars, xvm .. 271*

Funeral of the Kmg of Cochin China , xxi, . . 337

A general sketch of Sumatra, xxn .... ” 345

The Battas of M andkeling and Pertibi xxTir . ] 866

The Orang Komring, xxxvn .... . . * * * 534

The Languages of the Indian Archipelago, xltv. . . 637

Favre, Bey. P. — A Journey in Johore , iv.

Pawangs, vin - -

Five days in Naning, ji ....

Freidrich, R, — -Researches in Pali, ix.

Language and Literature of Bali, x Funeral of the King of Cochin China, xxi.

. . 115

. . 24, 278* 502, 489 117

. . . 235

.. 337 a

feograpij|) :

A Journey in Johore, iv. of the Tenasserim Provinces, xxvi Pulo Dinding, xxix.

[See ?5tf)tt0grap|)g]

6f£ologg Sc JWtnmlogg :

of the Tenasserim Provinces, xxvr, L. , . . .

Gold in Sarawak, xivr. ...

Grant, G.— Gold in Sarawak, Fall of a Portion of Trian, an * auriferous mountain, xlvi.

K

l&fetorg :

Kedah Annals [see Kedah ]

Analysis of the Ancient Annals of Siam, xxxviii . . . . 568

of the British Settlements in the Straits of Malacca, xlii. 599

. . 385, 724 681

Icirt&golojg :

of Celebes v, . . . <

Indian Archipelago, Population of, xxiv . ...... 379

The Piracy and Slave ^rade ofj xxxix . 581, 629

Java , Notes on the Population of, in . . 42

Tour from Sourabaya through Kediri, Blitar, Antanq,

■ Malang and Passaruan b&ckto Sourabayavi. 75, 23 5,* 494, 535

Johore, A journey in, iv . . . 50

K

Kagans, the, N. W. of Borneo xr.. . 140

Vocabulary of, xm . .... 182

Kedah Annals, Translation of, by Col. Low, 1. , , ,1, 162, 253,* 314, 467

IX

INDEX.

X.

Language and Literature of Bali, x . 119. 235

of the Kay ans, xni . . .... 182

Little, R. — An essay on coral reefs as the cause of fevers in

various parts of the East, xxvlii . . .... 413

Diseases of the Nutmeg tree, xlv. .... 678

Logan, J . R.— Five days in Naning, rr . 24, 278% 402, 489

M anners and customs of the Malays, xvil . . _ 274

A general sketch of Sumatra, xxii . .... 345

M alay Amoks and Piracies, xxxm . .... 46

The Languages of the Indian Archipelago.

II. Preliminary Remarks on the Generation, Growth, Structure and Analysis of Language, xliv . . .... 637

Low, Lieut-Col. — Translation of the Kedah Annals, 1. 1,1 62, 253, *31 4, 467 An account of the Origin and Progress of the British Co¬ lonies in the Straits of Malacca, xlii . . 599

M

h! ahomedanism in the Indian Archipelago, xxxu .... ,. . . 457

Malacca, Agriculture in, xr.ix . . .... 707

Malay Peninsula, journey in the Menangkabau states of, xn _ 253

Malay Amoks and Piracies, what can we do to abolish them, xxxm 464

Amoks, xxxv r . . . ^ 532

Malays, Manners and Customs of, xvn . **,’ 274

Manners and Customs of the Malays, xvii . .... 274

Marong Mahawangsa [see Kedah Annals]

Menangkabau States of the Malay Peninsula, xn .. 153

Miscellaneous Notices, liii

Mythology of the Dayaks, vii .... ...... .... 102

N

Jyicooars, Sketches at, xv. .... .... 261

A few particulars respecting, xvni . . . 271*

Opium Smoking, xxx. .... .... 454

Trade, Morality of xxxi. .... 456

Orang Komring, xxxvrr. ... .... 534

U Riley, E. — Rough Notes on the geological and geographi¬ cal characteristics of the Tenasserim Provinces, xxvi. 385 Remarks on the Metalliferous deposits and Mineral

Productions of the Tenasserim Provinces, l . 724

Oxley, T. — Malay Amoks, xxx vi _ .. .. 532

Zoology of Singapore, xli . . . . . . 594

P

Pawangs, virr .... ..115

I iracy in the Indian Archipelago, xiv . . 251

Piracy and Slave Trade of the Indian Archipelago, xxxix . . 581, 629 Destruction of the Fleet of the Sarebas & Sakaran Pirates, xl. .. 589 8ur James Brooke’s Expedition against the Serebas Pirates, xix .... .. .. 27 6*

INDFX.

X

Population of the Indian Archipelago , xxiv .

of Java, hi ....

Pulo Dinding in 1688, xxix

^rofructsR 3£tafo :

Tortoise-shell of Celebes , xvi

Sago, xx

R

Rambau, A walk to the foot of Gunong Datu, ij.

Remarks on Dr. Little’s Essay on Coral Reefs as the cause of

Fever, xlviie .. - .. 690

Revenue, Expences and Trade of Rhio, xxv, . . . 385

Rhio, Revenue, Expences and Trade of, xxv. .. ib.

Rigg, J, — Tour irom S ourabaya through Kediri, Blitar &c.vi. 75, 235*

494, 535

Sago in the Moluccas , Sumatra, Manufacture of, in Singapore ,

Sarawak, Gold in, xlvi . . . . , . . , 681

Siam, Ancient Annals of, xxxvni .. ., .. 568

Singapore, Agriculture of, xxxiv . . . . . . 508

Zoology of, xlt . . . . . . . . 594

Agricultural Statistics of, xun . . . . . . 618, 725

Sketches at the Nicobar s, xv . . . . . . . . 261

Statistics :

Notes on the Population of Java , rit . . .... 42

The Population of the Indian Archipelago , xxiv. . . . 379

Revenue, Expenses and Trade of Rhio, xxv . . . . 385

Agricultural Statistics of S iugapore, xliii .... 618, 725

St John, S. — Piracy in the Indian Archipelago , xrv . . 251

The Population of the Indian Archipelago, xxiv . 379

S traits Settlements, History of, x m . . . .... 599

Sumatra, General Sketch of, xxri . . 345

The Battas of Mandheling and Pertibi, xxnr . 366

Tenassenm Provinces, Geology and Geography of, xxvi l. . . 385, 724

Thomson, J. T. — General Report on the Residency of Singapore drawn np principally with a view of illustrating its Agricultural Statistics, xliii...... .... 618, 725

Tortoiseshell of Celebes , x%i . . .... 271

W

Willisii, T. J. — The Battas of Mandheling and Pertibi, xxm j^oologg :

of Singapore , x li . . . > . .

• • • •

THE

OF

AND

EASTERN ASIA.

A TRANSLATION OF THE KEDDAH ANNALS TERMED MARONG MAHAWANGSA ;

AND

SKETCHES OF THE ANCIENT CONDITION OF SOME OF THE NATIONS OF EASTERN ASIA, WITH REFERENCES TO THE MALAYS.

By Lieut-Col. James Low, c . m. r. a s. & m. a s b.

The writings of Leyden, Raffles, Marsden and Crawfurd did much to dispel the mist, which shrouded the regions of Eastern Asia and the Eastern Archipelago from the gaze of the inquirer after ethnographical and other interesting pursuits, and of late years considerable light has been thiown. on the histories of Tndo-china, and China, by various writers, either publishing separately, or in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Calcutta, and we have specimens from the pen of the talented Editor of the Journal in which this paper will appear, which exhibit what may yet be effected by a combi¬ nation of industry and capacity, when brought to bear on the many barriers which the ignorance and barbarism of the Indo-chinese nations and Eastern islanders, oppose to our progress towards truth.

Much information may now lie concealed in Native manu¬ scripts, but the means for extracting it are but scanty, for few will take the trouble of learning languages for the mere, and doubtful, chance of finding them lead to some desirable literary or antiquarian result. For the examination of the more recondite Pali in all its forms, scarcely any help can be obtained from the Priests or Laity of Indo-china or the

VOL, HI. NO, I. JANUARY, 1849. A

Archipelago. There are no Pundits as in India, ever ready and able to lend their aid to the traveller over the toilsome path of Archeology, while political considerations unfortu¬ nately operate too frequently against all research.

The French literati have lately opened a Chinese mine of literary and historical wealth. From the proximity of China to the most ancient nations of Central Eastern Asia, and the long intercourse which has existed between them, we have reason to believe that accounts of the ancient condition of the latter lie now hidden in the libraries of the former. The Pali will not, I suspect, unless where it may occur in Inscrip¬ tions, throw any light on the history of any of these regions, or unless perhaps where Pali works, having been written in India, may contain allusions to countries to the Eastward.

The present is merely an attempt to throw into shape and order some of the loose notes I had already made, during a long sojourn to the Eastward, and of journies in various directions. But, from their desultory nature, I have thought it advisable to introduce them as explanatory commentaries on a transla¬ tion of some original and hitherto untranslated native work.

rf he one selected for this purpose is entitled Mdrong Mahawdngsd ; which I have carefully, and as literally as the Malayan idiom has permitted, translated, only leaving out a tedious exordium by the native compiler, quite foreign to his subject, and also those repetitions in which he indulges, like most oriental writers, without reserve.

It is a History of Keddah on the Malayan Peninsula ; and, independently of any intrinsic value which it may possess, it is interesting to the British, since the settlement of Penang and Province Wellesley once formed an integral portion of the country of Kedddh.

This Keddah is the Quida of the maps, and a Siamese province, although chiefly peopled by Malays. It is about 110 to 120 miles long, with a varying breadth of from about 20 to 30 or 40 miles at most. It is very fertile in grain. Cattle abound in its plains, and its hills yield rich tin ore, and perhaps gold.

I received the history from the hands of the late Raja, whose Malayan title was Sultan Ahmed Sajoodln (Aladinj, Halim Shah, and whose Siamese title was Chau Pangeran, who in an evil hour had been led by bad advice to throw off his allegiance to Siam and had fled to Penang.*

* His flight was occasioned by a sudden invasion of Keddh by a Siamese orce in 1821, — an invasion memorable for the atrocities which attended and the desolation which followed it.— Ed,

I have found some obscurity in several of its passages, which, even with the aid of intelligent natives, has with difficulty been removed. Many of the words in it I believe are not in Marsden’s Dictionary, and are not now in com¬ mon use.

The author has net chosen to give his name, and he has committed two grievous errors for a historian, as he has neither informed us of the date whence he sets out, or fo that when he himself wrote. But a date in the middle of the work and a copy of the native history of Achin, have enabled me to supply his omissions.

I shall have occasion to shew that the Colony described in this history came from India. Hence it is probable that its Annals were written in some Hindu dialect, until Islamism prevailed in Keddah, when the previous order of things was subverted, and the Arabic character was introduced.

THE MARONG MAHAWANGSA.