Front matter
CORNELL
UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY
Preface
HTHE present volume is the first complete history of Australasia that has ever been given to the world. In a work intended for popular circulation, and of such extent, there must of necessity be much more of compilation than of original composition. The Compiler has therefore to acknowledge that he has made free use of all the works hitherto published relating to the Southern Colonies, either collectively or separately. In particular he would specify the works of Flinders, the Eev. Julian Woods, Westgarth, M'Combie, the Rev. Dr Lang, "Wentworth, the Rev. John West, Bennett, Sidney, Bouwick, Harcus, Dr Thomson, Colonel Mundy, the journals of the several explorers, the official handbooks of the various colonies, and a large mass of voyages, travels, descriptive sketches, and articles in the English reviews and magazines. As, in most cases, the portions extracted from printed works have been carefully condensed, verified, and sometimes almost re-written, it was not deemed necessary to give specific acknowledgment, or to cumber the pages with footnoted. The work, as it stands, may fairly be accepted as a faithful epitome of all that has ever yet been published respecting the British dominions in the South. To original research, learned disquisition, or brilliancy of narrative, it makes no pretensions whatsoever. But for strict adherence to truth, accuracy as to all historical facts, and painstaking collation of conflicting accounts, it may claim to be considered a standard authority. The work, in short, is a complete Australian library within the covers of a single volume. For obvious reasons, the history has not been extended beyond the introduction of self-government into the various colonies. To narrate the political history of each colony separately would require a series of volumes almost as numerous as those upon which the present work is founded ; whilst an attempt to epitomise that history iv PREFACE.
would merely be to give a dry catalogue of the legislative measures passed, and lists of the names of successive ministries. Besides, the political history of any one colony has really little or no interest for readers outside that particular colony. The people of New South Wales, for example, are not deeply interested in the politics of South Australia. The colonists of- Victoria hardly feel any way concerned in the politics of Queensland. This volume, in fine, is what its title announces — "A History of Australasia." The time has not yet come when the special political history of any one of the Southern Colonies may be so written as to form an instructive and valuable addition to the world's literature.
Book I. Early Navigators And Discoverers In The Southern Ocean
PAQE
CHAPTEE I.
EAELIEST DISCOVEKIES IN THE SOUTHERN OCEAN.
IGNORANCE OF THE ANCIENTS EESPECTING A SOUTHEEJT OCEAN FIRST GLEAM OF LIGHT FROM
ARABIA — " THE SEA OF PITCHY DARKNESS " MARCO POLo's DISCOVERIES^BARTHOLOMEW DIAZ
AND VASCO DI GAMA — VASCO NUNEZ DB BALBOA — HIS ADVENTURES AND DISCOVERY OP THE
PACIFIC — HE TAKES POSSESSION OF IT FOR SPAIN NAMES IT THE SOUTH SEA — HIS PATE —
MAGALHAENS' ADVENTURES, DISCOVERIES, AND FATE, ...... 3
CHAPTEE II.
DISCOVERY OF THE GREAT SOUTH LAND.
DIM NOTIONS OF THE ANCIENTS OF A GREAT SOUTH LAND — -SENECA, THEOPOMPUS, AND MANILIUS
THE CHINESE CLAIM TO THE DISCOVERY^DE GONNEVILLE'S CLAIM — MAGALHAENS' CLAIM MR
major's RESEARCHES HAVE ESTABLISHED THE PORTUGUESE CLAIM, .... 7
CHAPTEE III.
VOYAGE OF DE QUIROS.
PEDRO FERNANDEZ DE QUIROS — PILOT IN THE SPANISH EXPEDITION OF 1594 HIS PREVIOUS ADVEN- TURES SUPERSTITION RESPECTING THE SOUTH SEA — FATE OP' THE EARLIEST NAVIGATORS —
QUIROS AT PERU ASSERTS THE EXISTENCE OF A GREAT SOUTHERN CONTINENT — SENT TO SPAIN
OBTAINS ORDERS FOR AN EXPEDITION SAILS FROM CALLAO — LUIS VAEZ DE TORRES — EXPEDI- TION LANDS AT AN ISLAND — TAUMACO — MANICOLO — AUSTRALIA DEL ESPIRITU SANTO HOS- TILITY OF THE NATIVES QUIROS SAILS FOR MEXICO — HIS APPEALS TO PHILIP THE SECOND — ■
ANOTHER EXPEDITION DE QUIROS SETS OUT, BUT DIES AT PANAMA — ADVENTURES OP TORRES —
NEW HEBRIDES NEW GUINEA SIGHTS THE NORTHERN COAST OF THE SOUTHERN CONTINENT
HAD PASSED UNWITTING THROUGH TORRES STRAITS RETURNS TO MANILLA HIS ACCOUNT OF
HIS VOYAGE SPANISH CARELESSNESS TORRES STRAIT NAMED. ... 9 vi CONTENTS.
CHAPTEE IV.
EAELY DUTCH NAVIGATOES.
THE RISE OF THE DUTCH REPUBLIC — ITS MARITIME ENTERPRISE — VOYAGE OP THE " DUTPHEN
CAUSES OP ITS FAILURE — FIRST DISCOVERY OF THE GREAT SOUTHERN LAND — YACHT VOYAGE IN
1617 DIRK HATICHS' VOYAGE — EENDRACHT's LAND RELICS OP HATICHs' VOYAGE ZEACHEN
NAMES ARNHEIM LAND VAN EDELS NAMES VAN EDELS' LAND AND CAPE LEEUWIN VAN NUYTS
NAMES VAN NUYTS' LAND — DE WITT's LAND NAMED CAPTAIN PETER CARPENTER CARSTEN S
EXPEDITION pool's EXPEDITION, ......••
CHAPTER V.
PELSART'S VOYAGE AND SHIPWRECK.
DUTCH EXPEDITION OF 1628 FRANCIS PELSART COMMANDER OP THE " BATAVIA " SEPARATED FROM
THE FLEET IN A STORM — REACHES THE COAST OF NEW HOLLAND THE SHIP STRIKES ON HOUT-
MAN'S ABROLHOS PASSENGERS AND CREW LAND ON THE ROCKS— SUFFERINGS OF THE SHIP- WRECKED PEOPLE PELSART. RETURNS TO BATAVIA FOR AID AND SUPPLIES MUTINY AMONGST
THE SAILORS AND MURDEROUS DESIGN — PELSART RETURNS EXECUTES THE MUTINEERS EXCEPT- ING TWO, WHO ARE MAROONED PELSART RETURNS WITH THE SHIPWRECKED PEOPLE TO BATAVIA
■ — SEARCH FOR WATER — DISCOVERS NATIVES — END OP THE VOYAGE THE TWO MAROONED
CHAPTER VI.
TASMAN'S VOYAGES AND DISCOVERIES.
ENGLISH EAST INDIA COMPANY DUTCH EAST INDIA COMPANY GOVERNOR VAN DIEMEN AND ABEL
JANSZ TASMAN TASMAN's JOURNAL OP HIS FIRST VOYAGE EXPEDITION OF 1642 DISCOVERY OF
VAN DIEMEN's land ADVENTURES THERE TAKES POSSESSION ESTIMATE OF TASMAN's DIS- COVERIES NEW ZEALAND DISCOVERED FATAL AFFRAY AT MURDERERS' BAY — TASMAN LEAVES
NEW ZEALAND TASMAn's SECOND VOYAGE IN 1644 — HIS INSTRUCTIONS— MAPS AND SKETCHES
OP HIS DISCOVERIES — ADMIRAL BURNEy'S ESTIMATE OF TASMAN, , . . .19
CHAPTEE VII.
DAMPIER'S FIRST VOYAGE.
THE BUCCANEERS— DAMPIER'S BIRTH AND EDUCATION— JOINS THE BUCCANEERS— GAINS COMMAND OF THE " CYGNET "—MAKES A CRUISE TO N-EW HOLLAND— HIS DESCRIPTION OF THE CONTINENT- ITS INHABITANTS— THEIR HABITS— THEIR BARBARISM OF MANNERS— THEIR LANGUAGE— INTER- COURSE WITH THEM — DAMPIEK QUITS NEW HOLLAND AND SAILS FOR EUROPE, . . 24
CHAPTER VIII.
DAMPIER'S SECOND VOYAGE.
EXPEDITION OP 1699— DAMPIER COMMANDS THE " ROEBUCK "-STRIKES ON THE ABROLHOS SHOAL- SHARK'S BAY NAMED -DESCRIPTION OF THE COUNTRY-THE KANGAROO FIRST SEEN— DAMPIER LEAVES THE BAY-ANCHORS AT ROSEMARY ISLAND-SAILS, AND AGAIN SIGHTS LAND-SEES SOME
CONTENTS.
NATIVES ENCOUNTER WITH THEM THE CHIEF OF THE TEIBE — THE GIANT ANT-HILLS NATIVE PAGE
DOGS DAMPIER LEAVES THE COAST OF NEW HOLLAND HIS SUBSEQUENT SHIPWRECK ARRIVES
IN ENGLAND IS PILOT IN WOODES ROGERS's EXPEDITION IN 1708 ALEXANDER SELKIRK
DAMPIER AGAIN RETURNS TO ENGLAND — HIS ABILITIES AS A NAVIGATOR AND DISCOVERER — TESTI- MONIES OF EMINENT SEAMEN OBSCURE CONCLUSION OP DAMPIEE's LIFE, .
CHAPTER IX.
NAVIGATORS FROM DAMPIER TO COOK.
THE EXPEDITION OF VLAMING ITS BLANK RESULTS RETURNS TO BATAVIA — THE THREE DUTCH
VESSELS OF 1705 THE "ZEEWYK'' SUMMARY OF DISCOVERIES IN THE SOUTH SEA BEFORE
cook's time MAINLY DUE TO THE DUTCH — MERCENARY MOTIVES OF THE NAVIGATORS TASMAn's
VOYAGES THE GREAT EXCEPTION — THE GREAT SOUTH LAND TILL THEN PRACTICALLY UNDIS- COVERED MISTAKEN IDEAS CONCERNING ITS EXTENT AND CAPABILITIES — ROMANTIC NOTION OP
ITS VAST WEALTH AND SPLENDOUR, . . . , . . •
BOOK 11.
COOK'S DISCOVEBIES.
CHAPTEE I.
COOK'S EARLY LIFE.
LINE OF ILLUSTRIOUS ENGLISH NAVIGATORS — COOK THE COLUMBUS OF THE SOUTHERN OCEAN — HIS
BIRTH AND EDUCATION SELF-EDUCATION THE COOK FAMILY IS APPRENTICED TO A DRAPER
HIS PASSION FOR THE SEA TAKES SERVICE WITH A SHIPPING FIRM THE ENGLISH COAL TRADE
COOK ENTERS THE BRITISH NAVY SIR HUGH PALLISER COOK PROMOTED EMPLOYED IN THE
WAR IN CANADA HIS ACHIEVEMENT THERE APPOINTED A MASTER IN THE NAVY MARINE
SURVEYOR OF NEWFOUNDLAND RETURNS TO ENGLAND MARRIES — RESUMES HIS LABOURS IN
NEWFOUNDLAND RETURNS AGAIN TO ENGLAND, . , 38
CHAPTEE II.
COOK'S FIRST SCIENTIFIC APPOINTMENT.
TRANSIT OF VENUS IN 1769 EXPEDITION TO THE SOUTHERN OCEAN TO OBSERVE IT — COOK APPOINTED
TO THE COMMAND HIS PRUDENT SELECTION OF VESSELS FOR THE EXPEDITION THE " ENDEA- VOUR " ITS STAFF OP OFFICERS — COOK'S INSTRUCTIONS, . . i . ,43
CHAPTEE III.
COOK'S FIRST EXPEDITION.
THE EXPEDITION SAILS — CROSSES THE LINE— REACHES OTAHEITE — OBSERVATION OF THE TRANSIT OF VENUS — COOK LEAVES OTAHEITE — REACHES NEW ZEALAND — APPEARANCE OP THE COUNTRY — ENCOUNTERS WITH THE NATIVES — COOK TAKES SOME PRISONERS — HIS APOLOGY FOR USING viii CONTENTS.
FOECE — RELEASES THE PBISONEES — LEAVES POVERTY BAY ENCOUNTERS WITH NATIVES AT CAPE PAGE
KIDNAPPERS EXPLORES THE COAST NORTHWARD DISCOVERS COOK'S STRAITS TAKES POSSES- SION OP NEW ZEALAND — COMPLETES CIRCUMNAVIGATION OP NORTHERN ISLAND ALSO OF
SOUTHERN ISLAND — NATIVE ACCOUNT OF THEIR IMPRESSIONS OF THE VOYAGERS, . . 46
CHAPTEE IV.
COOK'S DISCOVERY OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA.
COOK THE FIRST TO PROVE NEW ZEALAND INSULAR SEARCH FOR A GREAT SOUTHERN CONTINENT
COOK LEAVES NEW ZEALAND SIGHTS THE AUSTRALIAN CONTINENT POINT HICKS NATIVES
SEEN BOTANY BAY— APPEARANCE OF THE COUNTRY PORT JACKSON — VOYAGE ALONG THE
COAST NORTHWARD PERILOUS POSITION AND PROVIDENTIAL ESCAPE — CAPE TRIBULATION —
KANGAROOS FIRST SEEN CAPE FLATTERY — MORE PERILS AND PROVIDENTIAL ESCAPE COOK
NAMES AND TAKES POSSESSION OF NEW SOUTH WALES, ...... 54
CHAPTEE V.
COOK'S RETURN VOYAGE.
COOK LEAVES AUSTRALIA— DISASTROUS VOYAGE— EXPEDITION ARRIVES IN ENGLAND RESULTS OF
cook's ACHIEVEMENTS— INTEREST PELT IN ENGLAND — LINN^US COOK RECEIVED WITH HONOUR
AND PROMOTED— ACCOUNT OP THE VOYAGE PUBLISHED— REFLECTIONS ON THE NEW DISCOVERIES
■ — cook's LETTER TO THE LORDS OF THE ADMIRALTY, . . , . , .61
CHAPTEE VI.
COOK'S SECOND EXPEDITION.
SEARCH FOR A GREAT SOUTHERN CONTINENT— COOK's SECOND EXPEDITION— HIS INSTRUCTIONS— THE EXPEDITION SAILS— REACHES THE SOUTHERN ICE-FIELDS— ABANDONS FURTHER RESEARCH- THE SOUTH POLAR BARRIER— THE TWO VESSELS SEPARATED— COOK SAILS FOR NEW ZEALAND- BEACHES DUSKY BAY— PICKERSGILL HARBOUR— A LANDING MADE TO TAKE OBSERVATIONS— A DELIGHTFUL COUNTEY-WATER-SPOUTS-COOK BEACHES QUEEN CHARLOTTE'S SOUND-MEETS FURNEAUX THERE PURNEAUX's ADVENTURES,
CHAPTEE VII.
COOK'S EXPLORATION OF THE PACIFIC.
COOK SAILS AGAIN TO EXAMINE THE SOUTHERN OCEAN-REACHES OTAHEITE-THE SOCIETY ISLANDS -THE SHIPS PART COMPANY-COOK AGAIN ANCHORS IN QUEEN CHARLOTTE'S SOUND-CANNI BALISM OP THE NATIVES-COOK LEAVES NEW ZEALAND-ANTIPODES OP LONDON-ICEBERGS- THE ICE EEGION-THE CRUISE IN THE PACIFIC-NEW HEBRIDES DISCOVERED AND NAMED-NEW CALEDONIA DISCOVERED AND NAMED-BOTANY ISLAND-NORFOLK ISLAND DISCOVERED AND NAMED-THE SURVIVORS OP THE " BOUNTY "-RETURN TO QUEEN CHARLOTTE'S SOUND- FURNEAUX S ADVENTURES AMONGST THE NEW ZEALAND NATIVES-COOK LEAVES NEW ZEALAND- CROSSES THE PACIFIC-REACHES ENGLAND-COOK's CONCLUDING REMARKS ON HIS EXPEDITION
CONTENTS.
IX
CHAPTEE VIII.
COOK'S SECOND RETURN TO ENGLAND.
VASTNESS AND GEANDEUR OF COOK's DISCOVERIES— HIS RECEPTION IN ENGLAND— HONOURS PAID HIM SIR JOHN PRINGLE's EULOGIUM— COOk's ACCOUNT OP HIS VOyAGB PUBLISHED— HIS MODEST ESTIMATE or HIS OWN ACHIEVEMENTS — TRUE GREATNESS, .... 72
CHAPTER IX.
COOK'S THIRD EXPEDITION.
A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE BETWEEN THE ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC OCEANS— A THIRD EXPEDITION PLANNED— COOK ACCEPTS THE COMMAND— SAILS IN THE " RESOLUTION "—HIS INSTRUCTIONS- ISLAND OF DESOLATION— DREARY VOYAGE— REACHES VAN DIEMEN'S LAND— THE NATIVES— SAILS FOR NEW ZEALAND— STORY OF THE MURDER OF FURNEAUX'S BOAT's CREW NATIVE RECOLLEC- TIONS—COOK LEAVES NEW ZEALAND— TWO NATIVE YOUTHS— COOK REACHES THE SANDWICH ISLANDS— ENCOUNTER WITH THE NATIVES— HIS DEATH— REFLECTIONS ON COOK's CAREER AND ACHIEVEMENTS, ••...., 74
CHAPTER X.
COOK'S CHARACTER.
EFFECT OF THE NEWS OF HIS FATE IN ENGLAND — A MEDAL STRUCK IN HIS HONOUR — PENSION TO HIS WIDOW MONUMENTS TO HIS MEMORY COOK's FAMILY — FATE OF HIS SONS — MRS COOK SUR- VIVES HER HUSBAND AND CHILDREN HER BENEVOLENT DISPOSITION — COOK's FATHER — COOK's
PERSONAL APPEARANCE^- HIS HABITS AND CHARACTER TESTIMONIES TO HIS GREATNESS
INSCRIPTION ON THE FAMILY MONUMENT INSCRIPTION AT OWHYHEE, . . , .79
Book III. Austbalian Navigators From Cook To Flinders
CHAPTEE I.
DE SURVILLE'S ADVENTURES.
COOK AT DOUBTLESS BAY A STRANGER VESSEL — DE SURVILLE's EXPEDITION — THE NEW EL DORADO
—HIGH EXPECTATIONS DE SURVILLE ARRIVES AT NEW ZEALAND — FRIENDLINESS OF THE
NATIVES — DE SURVILLE's TREACHERY HIS DISAPPOINTED HOPES — HE SAILS FOR SOUTH
AMERICA — HIS MELANCHOLY FATE, ........ 84
CHAPTEE II.
MARION'S ADVENTURES.
FIRST VISITOR TO VAN DIEMEn's LAND AFTER TASMAN — FRENCH EXPEDITION UNDER MARION — ARRIVES IN VAN DIEMEN's LAND— FIRST MEETING WITH NATIVES — THEIR APPEARANCE^THB FIRE STICK — ENCOUNTER WITH THE NATIVES — MARION LEAVES THE ISLAND AND SAILS FOR NEW ZEALAND
b
CONTENTS.
ANCHORS IN BAY OF ISLANDS — FRIENDLY INTERCOURSE WITH THE NATIVES SYMPTOMS OF PAGE
HOSTILITY — MASSACRE OF MARION AND HIS CREW CANNIBALISM — CROZET'S ENCOUNTER WITH
THE NATIVES — CEOZEt's REVENGE — A NATIVE VERSION OF THE STORY THE UNKNOWN FRENCH
CHAPTEE III.
GOVERNOK PHILLIP AND THE FIRST FLEET.
SHORT-SIGHTEDNESS OF THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT THE FLEET AT PORTSMOUTH IN 1787 CAPTAIN
ARTHUR PHILLIP APPOINTED GOVERNOR ^ACCOUNT OP HIS EARLY LIFE — SAILS FOR AUSTRALIA
ARRIVAL AT BOTANY BAY ^FOUND UNSATISFACTORY FOR SETTLEMENT — PORT JACKSON DIS- COVERED— SYDNEY COVE — THE STRANGER FLEET IN BOTANY BAY LA PEROUSe's EXPEDITION — ■
FOUNDATION OF THE COLONY OF NEW SOUTH WALES — FIRST ATTEMPTS AT SETTLEMENT BROKEN
BAY — PITTWATER BAY THE NATIVES, . . . . . . .91
CHAPTEE IV.
STORY OF LA PEROUSE.
THE STRANGER FLEET IN BOTANY BAY EARLY LIFE OP LA PEROUSE EXPEDITION OF 1785
REACHES AUSTRALIA AND ANCHORS IN BOTANY BAY — LA P^ROUSE's PREVIOUS ADVENTURES
DEATH OP M. LE EECEVEUR — SAILS PROM AUSTRALIA — BLANK IN THE STORY d'eNTRECAS-
TEAUX'S SEARCH EXPEDITION — CAPTAIN DILLON AT THE NEW HEBRIDES — DISCOVERY OF FRAG- MENTS OF LA PlfROUSE's FLEET MONUMENT AT BOTANY BAY — CAMPBELL'S LINES, . . 95
CHAPTEE V.
D'ENTRECASTEAUX'S VOYAGE.
SEARCH FOR LA PEROUSE D'bNTRECASTEAUX's EXPEDITION — ARRIVE AT VAN DIEJIEn's LAND — FISH- ING— THE LANDSCAPE — EXPLORATIONS — d'ENTRECASTEAUX'S CHANNEL THE HUON RIVER
ESPERANCE BAY — RECHERCHE ISLAND — LEAVE VAN DIEMBn's iCanD — SOUTH-WEST OP AUSTRALIA — LE GRAND BAY — RECHERCHE ARCHIPELAGO — RETURN TO VAN DIEMEN's LAND — ROCKY BAY —
VIEW PROM MOUNT WELLINGTON LA RIVIERE DU NORD — TASMAn's PENINSULA LEAVE VAN
DIEMEN's land FINALLY — CAPTAIN JOHN HAYES — NAMES THE DERWENT RIVER — BRUNY ISLANDS
CHAPTEE VI.
ADVENTURES OF BASS AND FLINDERS.
FLINDERS IN THE FIRST FLEET — HIS EARLY LIFE — BASS, SURGEON IN FIRST FLEET — ARRIVE AT
SYDNEY — PLAN AN EXPEDITION THE "TOM THUMB" THEIR EXPLORATION OF THE COAST
BETWEEN PORT JACKSON AND BOTANY BAY SECOND VOYAGE IN THE "TOM THUMB" MISHAPS
AT SEA — THE NATIVES FRIENDLY — COURAGE AND ADDRESS OF THE VOYAGERS — PERILOUS NIGHT PASSAGE — REACH SYDNEY IN SAFETY, ...,,, 1nl
CONTENTS. xi
CHAPTEE VII.
BASS DISCOVERS THE STRAITS.
PAGE
FLINDERS GOES TO PURNEAUX ISLANDS — BASS GOES ON AN EXPEDITION TO THE BLUE MOUNTAINS
PETITIONS FOR THE OUTFIT OP ANOTHER EXPLORING VOYAGE STARTS FROM SYDNEY IN A
WHALEBOAT — POINT BASS DISCOVERY OP SHOAL HAVEN AND OF THE STRAITS — PURNEAUX'S
LAND THE RUNAWAYS — WILSON'S PROMONTORY— WESTERN PORT DISCOVERED — BASS RETURNS
CHAPTEE VIII.
BASS AND FLINDERS SAIL ROUND TASMANIA.
bass's REPORT THE " NORFOLK " PITTED OUT BASS AND FLINDERS SAIL TO THE SOUTH COAST
SIGHT TASMANIA SHIP IN PERIL — PORT DALRYMPLE THE TAMAR ITS CHARACTER AS A RIVER
APPEARANCE OP THE COUNTRY SITE OF LAUNCESTON — CIRCULAR HEAD — CAPE GRIM —
BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY THE PROBLEM OP THE STRAITS SOLVED RETURN TO SYDNEY BASS SAILS
FOR ENGLAND — HIS SAD HISTORY — HIS EARLY LIFE HIS HEROIC ACHIEVEMENTS, . . 107
CHAPTEE IX.
FLINDERS DISCOVERS MORETON BAY.
A FRESH EXPEDITION — THE SLOOP "NORFOLK" — FLINDERS STARTS FROM SYDNEY — DISCOVERS MORETON BAY ENCOUNTER WITH NATIVES — GLASSHOUSE BAY — HERVEY BAY — A BARREN EX- PEDITION THE CLARENCE RIVER — FLINDERS RETURNS TO SYDNEY AND RESUMES DUTY, . Ill
CHAPTEE X.
FLINDERS'S VOYAGE IN THE " INVESTIGATOR."
FLINDERS RETURNS TO ENGLAND — PLANS ANOTHER EXPEDITION — RECEIVES COMMAND OF THE " IN- VESTIGATOR'' ARRIVES AT AUSTRALIA BEGINS SURVEY OP THE SOUTH COAST LOSS OP A
boat's crew PORT LINCOLN DISCOVERED — SPENCER'S GULP KANGAROO HUNTING — MEETS
FRENCH EXPEDITION UNDER BAUDIN REACHES PORT PHILLIP LIEUTENANT JAMES GRANT's
PREVIOUS DISCOVERY LIEUTENANT MURRAY PREVIOUSLY AT PORT PHILLIP CORIO BAY — SOUTH
COAST UNVEILED FLINDERS PROCEEDS TO PORT JACKSON, . . . , .113
CHAPTEE XI.
FLINDERS'S LAST EXPLORATIONS.
SECOND EXPEpiTION OP THE " INVESTIGATOR " FLINDERS SAILS NORTHWARD — PORT CURTIS
BARTER WITH SAVAGES SURVEY OP THE GULF OP CARPENTARIA NATIVES OP THE GULF —
MALAY FISHERMEN — RETURN TO SYDNEY FLINDERS SAILS FOR ENGLAND IN THE " PORPOISE "
WRECK OF THE THREE VESSELS^-COWARDLY CONDUCT OF CAPTAIN PALMER FLINDERS CON- DUCTS THE SHIPWRECKED CREWS SAFELY TO SYDNEY SAILS AGAIN FOR ENGLAND PUTS IN AT
MAURITIUS INPAMOUS,CONDUCT OF THE FRENCH GOVERNOR — FLINDERS DETAINED A PRISONER
BOBBERY OF HIS SHIPS AND PAPERS— FRENCH DISHONESTY— FLINDERS RELEASED— RETURNS
TO ENGLAND PUBLISHES HIS GREAT WORK DIES — HIS CHARACTER, . . . .117 xii CONTENTS.
CHAPTEE XII.
ENGLISH NAVIGATORS AFTER COOK.
CAPTAIN BLIGh's adventures ON THE NOETH COAST — AT ADVENTUEE BAY — OBSERVATIONS ON THE
NATIVES HIS SECOND VISIT TO ADVENTUEE BAY LIEUTENANT JOHN M'CLUER AT AENHEIm's
LAND — CAPTAIN EDWAEDS WEECKED IN TOEEES STEAITS HIS ADVENTUEES WITH THE NATIVES
AT CAPE YOEK SANDWICH SOUND AND WOLP'S BAY CAPTAIN COX AT VAN DIEMEN's LAND
CAPTAIN DE ST ALOUAEN VANCOUVEE ON THE SOUTH COAST DISCOVEES KING GEOEGE's SOUND
POINT POSSESSION HIS OBSERVATIONS THEEE — HIS DEPAETUEE PROM THE COAST — LIEU- TENANT JAMES GEANT's DISCOVEEIES — SURVEY OP WESTERN PORT BAY,
Book Iv- Australian Explorers
CHAPTEE I.
FIRST EXPLORATIONS IN NEW SOUTH WALES.
FIRST TWENTY-FIVE YEARS OP THE NEW SETTLEMENT ASPECT OF SYDNEY — MYSTERY OP THE BLUE
MOUNTAINS SUPERSTITIOUS FEARS — GOVERNOR PHILLIP'S FIRST INSPECTIONS OP THE COUNTRY
GEORGE BASS IN THE BLUE MOUNTAINS — LIEUTENANT BARREILLER AND MR CALEY LAWSON,
BLAXLAND, AND WENTWORTH's EXPEDITION — MR EVANS's EXPEDITION — WANT OF WATER BY THE SETTLERS — ROAD TO BATHUEST FORMED — GOVERNOR MACQUARIe's JOURNEY ACROSS THE BLUE MOUNTAINS— EVANS DISCOVEES THE LACHLAN, . . , . . ,125
CHAPTEE II.
OXLEY'S TWO EXPEDITIONS.
LIEUTENANT OXLEY, SURVEYOR-GENERAL — HIS EXPEDITION IN 1817 — TRACE THE LACHLAN— THE
NATIVES^A VAST MARSH MALLEE SCRUB — A FRESH START BIRDS AND FISH A TEERIBLH
COUNTEY TURNING BACK EETUEN TO BATHURST SECOND EXPEDITION DOWN THE MACQUARIE
A FERTILE COUNTRY SUPPOSED INLAND SEA THE CASTLEREAGH— THE PEEL THE SEA
REACHED A LUCKY DISCOVERY RETURN TO NEWCASTLE — THE BROTHERS HUMe's FIRST
CHAPTEE III.
JOHNSTON'S EXPEDITION.
PROGRESS OF PASTORAL SETTLEMENT — LIEUTENANT JOHNSTON'S EXPEDITION — SUPPOSED PASSAGE
FROM LAKE BATHURST TO THE SEA — DISCOVERY OF THE CLYDE FATE OF CAPTAIN STEWART AND
HIS PARTY — FATE OF BRIGGS AND HIS COMPANIONS, . . . , , I35
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER IV.
KING'S VOYAGES AND DISCOVEEIES.
PAOE
EXPEDITION OP 1817 — CAPTAIN KING COMMANDER SAILS PROM SYDNEY EXPLORES NORTH-WESTERN
COAST — RETURNS TO SYDNEY SECOND VOYAGE EXPLORATION CONTINUED THIRD VOYAGE
FOURTH VOYAGE — SINGULAR SPECIMENS OP ABORIGINAL ART — GENERAL RESULTS OF FOUR EXPEDITIONS — CHARACTER OF CAPTAIN KING, ....... 13^
CHAPTEE V.
OXLEY AT MORETON BAY.
EXPEDITION OP 1823 — OXLEY AT MORETON BAY STRANGE ADVENTURE ROMANTIC STORY OP
PAMPHLET — HIS FORTUNATE RESCUE— DISCOVERY OP THE BRISBANE AND FIRST BEGINNINGS OP QUEENSLAND, ••......., 140
CHAPTEE VI.
HUME AND HOVELL'S OVERLAND EXPEDITION TO PORT PHILLIP.
HAMILTON HUME CAPTAIN HOVELL — OVERLAND EXPEDITION OP 1824 REACH THE MURRUMBIDGEE
DANGEROUS CROSSING BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY- — MOUNTAIN BARRIER — A MOUNTAIN PASS
AUSTRALIAN ALPS THE HUME RIVER DISCOVERED — THE OVENS RIVER DISCOVERED — THE GOUL-
BUBN RIVER DISCOVERED — HARDSHIPS MOUNT DISAPPOINTMENT — REACH PORT PHILLIP —
RETURN JOURNEY— THE NATIVES — REACH HOME^RESULTS OF EXPEDITION,^ . , . 143
CHAPTEE VII.
STURT'S TWO EXPEDITIONS.
Cunningham's journeys — sturt's expedition in 1828 —discovers the darling — the bogan — A desolate country — an unsolved problem — THE inland sea — sturt's second expedition DOWN THE MURRUMBIDGEE DISCOVERY OP THE MURRAY DOWN THE MURRAY TO THE
DARLING DISCOVERY OP LAKE ALEXANDRINA — THE TERRIBLE RETURN JOURNEY — SUFFERINGS
OP THE EXPLORERS FORTUNATE RESCUE — RETURN TO SYDNEY, , . . .149
CHAPTEE VIII.
MITCHELL'S EXPEDITIONS.
SAMENESS OF EXPLORATION RECORDS— FATE OP CAPTAIN BARKER — IJITCHELL'S EXPEDITION IN 1831
BLANK RESULTS SECOND EXPEDITION PATE OP CUNNINGHAM — ENCOUNTER WITH THE
NATIVES RETURN TO SYDNEY MITCHELL'S THIRD EXPEDITION — ENCOUNTER WITH NATIVES
THE LODDON DISCOVERED THE GRAMPIANS SEEN AND NAMED— MOUNT WILLIAM — HENTy's
WHALING SETTLEMENT A WELCOME REST THE RETURN JOURNEY THE PYRENEES MOUNT
MACEDON AUSTRAUA FELIX MOVEMENT TOWARDS PORT PHILLIP — MITCHELL'S EXPEDITION IN
1845 THE DARLING AN EARTHLY PARADISE — THE BARCOO — KENNEDY'S EXPLORATION OP IT
RETURN TO SYDNEY, ......... 156 xiv CONTENTS.
CHAPTEE IX.
GREY'S EXPLOEATIOKS.
GREY AND LUSHINGTOlf — EXPEDITION OF 1837 THE " LYNHER " SAILS PROM THE CAPE OP GOOD
HOPE GREY LANDS AT PORT GEORGE IV. FIRST EXPLORATIONS FIRST MISFORTUNES A
NARROW ESCAPE — GREy's GALLANTRY HANOVER BAY — THE TIMOR PONIES — -FRESH TROUBLES
A FINE COUNTRY — RETURN TO HANOVER — SECOND EXPEDITION IN 1839 DREADFUL DISASTERS
ARRIVAL AT PERTH — RETURN TO ADELAIDE, ,....-
CHAPTEE X.
STRZELECKI IN GIPPSLAND.
GIPPSLAND IN VICTORIA STRZELECKI — A BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY A TERRIBLE JOURNEY BEACHES
MELBOURNE FIRST DISCOVERY OP GOLD, . . . . , . .163
CHAPTEE XI.
EYRE'S EXPLORATIONS.
EDWARD JOHN EYRE EXPEDITION TO LAKE TORBENS FLINDERS'S RANGE ^A HOPELESS PROSPECT
THE AUSTRALIAN BIGHT — A DESOLATE REGION A TERRIBLE JOURNEY — FEARFUL ADVENTURES
^APPALLING TREACHERY IN THE VAST SOLITUDE A DREADFUL NIGHT SIGHT OF THE SEA
A WELCOME RESCUE, . . . , . . . , .165
CHAPTEE XII.
STTJRT'S THIRD EXPEDITION.
THE NORTHERN REGION — STURT STARTS AGAIN^ROCKY GLEN — DROUGHT AND HEAT — THE GREAT
CENTRAL STONY DESERT AN OCEAN OF SAND EYRe's CREEK — -A RETREAT COOPER's CREEK
THE GREAT DESERT AGAIN — THE HOT WIND OP THE DESERT— TERRIBLE SUFFERINGS A THftlLL-
INO ADVENTURE — SAFE RETURN TO ADELAIDE, . . . . . .171
CHAPTEE XIII.
THE FATE OP LEICHHARDT.
an overland route to carpentaria — mitchell invites leichhardt to explore the route
expedition starts — a long journey fate op gilbert privations reach port essing-
ton — return to sydney second expedition the lost explorers — fruitless search
Gregory's discoveries op relics, . . . . . . . .176
CHAPTEE XIV.
THE FATE OF KENNEDY.
THE NORTHERN OVERLAND ROUTE — KENNEDY'S EXPEDITION IN 1848 — JACKY JAOKY THE PARTY
LANDED — AN ANXIOUS LOOK-OUT THE SOLITARY NATIVE A TERRIBLE STORY^HOSTILE
NATIVES — KENNEDY WOUNDED — JACKY JACKY's PATHETIC NARRATIVE — DEATH OF THE EXplorer— a perilous escape timely rescue — the fruitless search — the lost explorers
— Kennedy's character, ••■.•.... 179
CONTENTS. XV
CHAPTEE XV.
THE FATE OF BURKE AND WILLS.
FAOE
MR AMBROSE KYTe's CONTRIBUTION EXPEDITION OF 1860 BUKKE AND WILLS— START FROM
MELBOURNE REACH OOOPER's CREEK START FOR GULP OF CARPENTARIA — BRAKE LEFT AT
DEPOT — Wright's camp on the darling— his fatal negligence — he starts for cooper's
CREEK too late — BURKE AND WILLS RETURNING — GRAY'S FATE BRAHE FORSAKES THE CAMP
DESPAIR OF THE EXPLORERS— BRAVE EXERTIONS — FAILURES — SAD DEATH OF BURKE AND
WILLS — king's ADVENTURES — NEWS REACHES MELBOURNE — HOWITt's SEARCH THE FUNERAL, . 182
CHAPTEE XVI.
JOHN MACDOUALL STUART'S EXPLORATIONS.
SOUTH AUSTRALIAN EXPLORERS STUART's FIRST EXPLORATION IN 1858 — PENETRATES TO THE
CENTRE OF THE CONTINENT SPLENDID COUNTRY EXPEDITION OF 1861 — STUART CROSSES THE
CONTINENT — SIX EXPEDITIONS — REWARDS, . . . , . , ,185
CHAPTEE XVII.
FORREST'S EXPLORATIONS.
JOHN FORREST STARTS FROM PERTH — FRUITLESS SEARCH FOR LEICHHARDT — SECOND EXPEDITION
ROUND THE BIGHT REACH ADELAIDE THIRD EXPEDITION POOR COUNTRY AN OASIS —
PRIVATIONS REACH ADELAIDE CHARACTER OF THE NEW COUNTRY GOVERNOR WELD's
CHAPTEE XVIII.
LATER EXPLORERS.
THE BROTHERS GREGORY — THEIR EXPLORATIONS — ERNEST GILES — COLONEL WARBURTON A TERRIBLE
JOURNEY — Giles's second expedition — explores westward — success — reaches perth —
CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY EXPLORED SPARE DIET OTHER EXPLORERS — THE BROTHERS
JARDINE THE AUSTRALIAN ROLLS OF HEROES AND MARTYROLOGY, . . . .189
Book V. Physical Description Of Australasia
CHAPTEE I.
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF AUSTRALIA.
VARIOUS NAMES OF THE CONTINENT — ITS GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION— RELATIVE SIZE — ITS EXTENT- TORRES STRAIT — GREAT BARRIER REEF ^AREA OF THE CONTINENT' — GENERAL SHAPE — BAYS —
A VOYAGE ROUND AUSTRALIA— MOUNTAIN RANGES — MAGNIFICENT SCENERY — NO VOLCANOES
THE PLAINS THE RIVERS — RIVER SCENERY — THE MIRAGE, . . . . .192 xvi CONTENTS.
Chapter II. Physical Description Of Queensland
ALLAN Cunningham's explorations — leichhaedt a,nd mitchell — moreton bay — peculiarities
OF QUEENSLAND — NATURAL FEATURES — SEABOARD — TROPICAL SCENERY BAYS — THE BRISBANE
RIVER — GREAT COAST RANGE — GREAT TABLE-LAND — VICTORIA RIVER BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY
LATEST EXPLORATIONS — STURT's DESERT — A FINE COLONY, , . . . •
Chapter III. Physical Description Of Tasmania
A BEAUTIFUL ISLAND — D'eNTRECASTEAUX's CHANNEL — MAGNIFICENT COAST SCENERY — HOBART TOWN MOUNT WELLINGTON — THE CAPUA OP THE AUSTRALIAS — PHYSICAL CONFORMATION — MOUN- TAINS— FORESTS — LAKES— RIVERS — SINGULAR CAVES — SCENERY AT PORT SOEELL, . . 205
Chapter IV. Physical Description Of New Zealand
THE THREE ISLANDS — EXTENT AND AREA — NAMES — DESCRIPTION OF SOUTHERN NEW ZEALAND —
OTAGO AND CANTERBURY NELSON AND MARLBOROUGH CANTERBURY PLAINS — THE NORTHERN
ISLAND MOUNTAINS — LAKES VOLCANIC CRATERS — RIVERS — STEWART'S ISLAND — THE SEA- COAST EARTHQUAKES — GEYSERS OR BOILING SPRINGS — MUD VOLCANOES VEGETATION — THE
FORESTS FERNS AND FLAX, . . . . , . , . .210
Chapter V. Climate Of Australasia
VARIETY OF CLIMATES — THE TORRID ZONE — WARM, BUT EXHILIRATING — SUDDEN CHANGES— EASTERN
COAST CLIMATE — HOT WINDS — " BRICKFI ELDERS " TEMPERATURE AT MELBOURNE, ADELAIDE,
AND PERTH — SEA BREEZES — RAINS SNOW DROUGHTS THUNDERSTORMS HURRICANES THE
SEASONS IN AUSTRALIA — CHRISTMAS AT THE ANTIPODES A HEALTHFUL CLIMATE CLIMATE OP
NEW ZEALAND — S-NOW AND RAIN — FERTILISING INFLUENCES — A HEALTHFUL CLIMATE, . . 216
Chapter VI Natural Productions Of Australia
THE LAND OF ANOMALIES— SYDNEY SMlTtl's JOKES — A RECENT CONTINENT — NATIVE PRODtCTlONS
TREES AND FORESTS— NATIVE GRASSES— NATIVE FRUITS AND FLOWERS— ACCLIMATISED PRO- DUCTS— ZOOLOGY OP AtJSTHALlA — BIRDS— WATERFOWL— REPTILES — SNAKES — INSECTS FISHES
—WHITE ANTS — ZOOLOGY OF NEW ZEALAND — BIRDS — FISHES THE MOA . . 223
CONTENTS. xvii
CHAPTEE VII.
THE AEOEIGINES OF AUSTRALASIA.
PAGE THE ETIHOPIC RACE — PAPUANS — PHYSICAL APPEARANCE OP AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINAL — UTTER BAR- BARISM HABITS SAVAGE NATURE — SOME HUMAN ELEMENTS — SUPERSTITIONS " COEOBBORY "
STRANGE BELIEFS NATIVE ART GRADES IN SOCIETY — INTELLIGENCE — NATIVE RACE DYING
OUT NEW ZEALANDERS THEIR ORIGIN CHARACTERISTICS — TRIBAL WARS — INTELLECTUAL
STANDARD HABITS AND MANNERS — NATIVE DRESS AGRICULTURE — NATIVE PROVERBS THEIR
TREATMENT BY THE WHITE SETTLERS, ........ 236
BOOK VL
HISTORY OF NEW SOUTH WALES.
CHAPTEE I.
GOVERNOR PHILLIP'S ADMINISTRATION.
FOUNDING OF NEW SOUTH WALES — THE FIRST FLEET — GOVERNOR PHILLIP LANDING AT BOTANY BAY
REMOVAL TO PORT JACKSON THE ABORIGINES APPEARANCE OP THE COUNTRY — THE FRENCH
SHIPS TAKING POSSESSION OF THE TERRITORY DARWIN's LINES ON SYDNEY COVE, . . 248
CHAPTEE IL GOVERNOR PHILLIPS ADMINISTRATION— CowimweA
REGULAR GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS — PARAMATTA MEANS OF LIVING THE
NATIVES — CAPTAIN HUNTER'S ACCOUNT FATAL ENCOUNTERS NORFOLK ISLAND FIRST DIS-
COVEIIY OF GOLD DARK TIMES —SHORT RATIONS — PHILLIp's NOBLE CONDUCT — RETURN OF THE
" SIRIUS " HIS majesty's birthday — DISCOVERY OF THE HAWKESBURY STATE OF THE
COLONY IN 1790 — -TIMELY ARRIVALS — THE GOVERNOR'S NARROW ESCAPE — FIRST FRUITS
ATTEMPTS TO ESCAPE — GRANTS OF LAND GOOD MORALS PHILLIP's DEPARTURE HIS CHAR- ACTER FIRST FOREIGN VESSEL — GEORGE BARRINGTON, ..... 254
CHAPTEE III.
THE MILITARY DESPOTISM.
MAJOR GROSE, ACTING-GOVERNOR — THE MILITARY AND OFFICIAL CLIQUE — JOHN MACARTHUR
ESCAPED PRISONERS FIRST IMMIGRANTS HARD TIMES THE SCOTCH MARTYRS WILD CATTLE
RUNAWAYS FOUND — PROGRESS IN AGRICULTURE EVIL RESULTS OF MILITARY DESPOTISM, . 267
CHAPTEE IV.
GOVERNOR HUNTER'S ADMINISTRATION.
ARRIVAL OP THE NEW GOVERNOR ENDS MILITARY DESPOTISM — FYSHE PALMEr's CASE — ROMANTIC
ADVENTURES OP MR MUIR — REV. MR JOHNSON FIRST PRINTING PRESS — FIRST PLAYHOUSE
c xviii CONTENTS.
CURIOUS PROLOGUE INCREASE Or CRIME DISCOVERY OP COAL TROUBLESOME NATIVES
HUNTER RIVER DISCOVERED ABUNDANT HARVEST HUNTING WILD CATTLE DISTRESSED
SETTLERS ^WRECK OF THE " SYDNEY COVE " ESCAPING TO CHINA MISSIONARIES FROM TAHITI
THE FIRST CHURCH FIRST PUBLIC MEETING GOVERNOR HUNTER's DEPARTURE HIS CHAR- ACTER— PROGRESS OF THE COLONY — HUNTEK's HUMANITY, . , . . •
CHAPTEE V.
GOVERNOR KING'S ADMINISTRATION.
GOVERNOR king's EARLY CAREER A SELF-MADE MAN POOR OPINION OP THE COLONY A TOO EASY
RULE — BAD EFFECTS MATERIAL PROGRESS MACARTHUR's MERINOS — EXTRAVAGANT PRICES
MONOPOLIES THE IRISH REBELS REV. HENRY FULTON GENERAL HOLT MILITARY TYRANNY
THE governor's WEAKNESS FRENCH EXPEDITION A FRENCH VIEW OF THE COLONY
MATERIAL PROGRESS HIGH PRICES FLINDERS AND BAUDIN SIR HENRY HAYES REVOLT OF
THE PRISONERS — CRUEL REPRISALS NORFOLK ISLAND ABANDONED — FLOODS IN THE HAWKES-
BURY king's departure HIS CHARACTER — PROGRESS DURING HIS RULE, . . . 287
CHAPTER VI.
GOVERNOR BLIGH'S ADMINISTRATION.
BLIGh's REMARKABLE CAREER — HIS FIRST ACTS OF ADMINISTRATION — QUARREL BETWEEN BLIGH AND
MACARTHUR SOCIAL CONDITION OF THE COLONY MACARTHUR's VESSEL HIS ARREST MAJOR
JOHNSTON MACARTHUR's RELEASE THE WHISKY REBELLION BLIGH ARRESTED JOHNSTON'S
ACCOUNT BLIGH'S COWARDICE HIS DEFENCE — MACARTHUR APPOINTS HIMSELF GOVERNOR
ABSURD PROCLAMATION MAJOR JOHNSTON GOVERNOR BLIGH IN CUSTODY LIEUTENANT- GOVERNOR FOVEAUX ARRIVES JOHNSTON AND MACARTHUR RETURN TO ENGLAND BLIGH IN
COMMAND OF THE " PORPOISE " — GOVERNOR MACQUARIe's ARRIVAL BLIGh's DEPARTURE, . 299
CHAPTEE VII.
GOVERNOR MACQUARIE'S ADMINISTRATION.
MACQUARIE's philanthropic CHARACTER SOCIAL CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE COLONY ANNULS ACTS
OF USURPATION FLOOD AND FAMINE CARELESS HABITS OF THE PEOPLE PUBLIC IMPROVE- MENTS INCREASE OF LIVE STOCK FREE IMMIGRATION DISCOURAGED EMANCIPISTS EN- COURAGED— Thompson's case — judge bent's appointment — conflict between the judge
AND the governor THE JUDGE RECALLED JUDGE FIELD APPOINTED SOCIAL AMELIORATION
WAR WITH THE BLACKS MACQUARIE's EXPLORATIONS— COLLINS IN VAN DIEMEN's LAND
RELIGIOUS PROGRESS— REV. SAMUEL MARSDEN— SQUATTING SOCIAL PROGRESS— MACQUARIE's
RECALL HIS CHARACTER, ...... Ql o
CHAPTEE VIIL SIR THOMAS BRISBANE'S ADMINISTRATION.
BRISBANE'S CH.iRACTER-TOO QUIET A GOVERNOR— LAND MANIA— BRISBANE AT PARAMATTA -BE- COMES UNPOPULAR— POLITICAL PROGRESS-FREE IMMIGRATION ENCOURAGED— SIR FRANCIS FORBES, CHIEF-JUSTICE-FIRST CIVIL JURY-FIRST LEGISLATIVE COUNCII^LIBERTY OF THE
CONTENTS. XIX
PRESS AUSTRALIAN AGRICULTURAL COMPANY ^W. C. WENTWORTH SCIENCE IN NEW SOUTH
WALES SOLDIER SETTLERS STATE OP MORALS BUSHRANGING THREATENED FAMINE
The opening of the book is shown; the full text loads in the reader.
Loading the full text…
The end
You’ve reached the end of The history of Australasia : from the first dawn of discovery in the Southern ocean to the establishment of self-government in the various colonies, comprising the settlement and history of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand, together with some account of Fiji and New Guinea.