The chronicles of Edinburgh, from its foundation in A.D. 617, to A.D. 1851, etc

Front matter

(y&rruxTtc-ta y%z^^x c_yyyy IIB.GH FHOM THE CALTOM HIL] lorikmiS South West . TronCk. Sl'GilesCli JBank of Scotland. Castle JDanaldsoQJsJHo. S*Geaife'sGk. ffAndrem Ch.. North.JBn££e free Qi-CdJege -+ ' Scott Mon? cU&fltar Office Debtorte Jail Bridewell Martyrs Man* S* JohnJs Gh. b Hand. Hills Assembly fla.Il Jail Princes SntSet r I THE CHRONICLES OF EDINBURGH, FKOM ITS FOUNDATION IN A.D. 617, TO A.D. 1851. et E, H. STEVENSON. EMBELLISHED WITH PLANS AND SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE CITY, ITS CHURCHES, HOSPITALS, MONUMENTS, FREE CHURCH COLLEGE, CASTLE, AND PALACE OF HOLYROOD. EDINBURGH: WILLIAM WHYTB & Co. GLASGOW, WILLIAM COLLINS; LONDON, LONGMAN, BKOWN& Co., AND SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. Œntmtl in J&tattontr-K' ?^all.

Introduction

. The transactions connected with Edinburgh, previous to the Union of Scotland and England, are so closely interwoven with national events, that it requires nice discrimination to avoid mixing up matters of a purely national character, with those more immediately identified with the city. In admitting or rejecting a detail of national occurrences, the author has been influenced by the consideration of their intrinsic importance in connection with 'the capital. Although he does not deem long prefatory remarks necessary, it may not be out of place to state the object which he had in view, in writing these Chronicles, and the plan he has followed in the prosecution of his labours. In such a work as the ' Chronicles of Edinburgh,' originality cannot be expected, except in the mode of arrangement, for every history must necessarily be partially drawn from documents before the public.

But, while the merits of the numerous works relative to the city of Edinburgh are most fully acknowledged, the author trusts that he has presented much that has either been wholly omitted or but partially described by former authors. In common with many others, he felt that a 'work that would embrace the transactions connected with the city, from its origin down to the present period, in a more minute, succinct and interesting form than had been hitherto done, was a desideratum. With this view he resolved, while availing himself of the facts elicited by early and contemporary writers, to avoid as far as possible their dryness and prolixity. His main object having been to adhere to facts, he has been frequently compelled to discard much, which, though given by others as matters of history, had no other recommendation than well founded and apparently plausible traditions.

And when forced by an amount of evidence not to be altogether rejected, to record occurrences not positively substantiated by documentary evidence, he has, as will be seen, guarded himself against misconstruction. In prosecuting his labours, he resorted in every possible instance to original and authentic sources of information. In doing so he has had to solicit from gentlemen holding public appoint ments, either correct information on the points under consider ation, or permission to consult registers and various depositaries of information under their charge, particularly in all matters

INTRODUCTION.

. relating to existing establishments, institutions, etc. From these he has invariably received the most courteous attention and cordial co-operation, and he gladly avails himself of this oppor tunity to record a kindness and courtesy for which he will ever remain grateful. But one more duty remains to be per formed, and that is, to return his most sincere thanks to those numerous subscribers who have hitherto countenanced and encouraged his efforts. FAC S THEATRE DES CITIES DV MONDE 617, I CONTENTS. BOOK FIKST.

Chapter I. From

A.D. 617, TO A.D. 1400. Origin of Edinburgh: how named. 1093, First record of the Castle. 1128, Edinburgh becomes a place of importance : Abbey of Holyrood founded. 1165, William the Lion resides in the Castle: 1174, Taken prisoner : Castle pledged for his ransom : Henry II. receives at York the homage of William and his nobles: 1177, A National- Council held inHolyrood Abbey: 1186, Castle restored : 1215, The first' Parlia"m«nt held in the city. 1239, A Provincial Synod held in the city. 1251, Queen Margaret complains of being confined to the Castle: Relieved by the'English faction : she and her husband reside in it : Make it the depository of the regalia and archives. 1286, Contests between Bruce and Baliol, fatal to the prosperity of Edinburgh. 1291, Edward I. visits Edinburgh as lord paramount of Scotland. 1292, The public records transmitted from Edinburgh, returned by Edward : The Abbots of Holyrood and Newbotle swear fealty to Edward. 1294, Castle withdrawn from Edward : Recaptured by him : 1297, Dismantled by Wallace. 1302, Battle of Roslin. 1303, Edward visits Edinburgh. 1312-13, Castle besieged: Taken by Randolph: Demolished by Robert I. 1322, Edward II. invades Scotland, visits Edinburgh: Plunders Holyrood Abbey : Retires for want of provisions : Every man ordered to equip himself for war: How accoutred. 1326-7, Parliaments held in Holyrood. 1328, Prince David marries Joanna of England : They arrive in Edinburgh .

Bring with them the Ragman Roll and other records. 1329, Robert 1. dies: Is buried in Dunfermline: (Note, His body discovered in 1818.) 1332, Edward III. plunders the Abbey of Holyrood. 1333-4, Baliol holds a Parliament in Holyrood. Edward invades Scotland, enters Edinburgh : Leaves it for want of provisions : 1336, Battle of the Burgh-moor. 1337, Castle rebuilt and garrisoned: A grievous famine: Castle besieged: Abandoned: 1341, Castle taken by stratagem. 1346, David II. made prisoner by the English : 1354, His ransom agreed to: Abandoned. 1356, Edward III. visits Scotland: Retreats to England. 1357, David II. ransomed. 1360, Severe pestilence. 1371, David II. dies in the Castle : Edinburgh considered the chief town in Scotland. 1384, Two thousand French soldiers arrive in the city : Cannot be accommodated in it: State of Scotland described. 1385, Richard II. invades Scotland : Burns Edinburgh : Burgesses privileged to build houses in the Castle : Coronation of Robert III. 1400, Castle besieged by Henry IV.: He withdraws his army: Retreats to England, page CONTENTS

Chapter II. From

A.D. 1400, TO A.D. 1448. 1105, James I. taken prisoner. 1416, Castle seized: 1418, Restored: 1423, James I. ransomed: Returns to Scotland with his queen: Crowned: A tax imposed to pay his ransom: Relinquished: 1429, James I. receives the abject submission of the Lord of the Isles. 1430, The queen delivered of twins in Holyrood Abbey. 1431, The Plague. 1437, James murdered: His murderers tormented and executed: State of agriculture: Of commerce: Of ' weapon-shawings' : Of the militia: Appearance of houses within burghs: Those of great Barons: Their furniture: Dishes in common use. The queen with her children take refuge in the Castle. Edinburgh considered the capital of the kingdom. James II. crowned: Intrigues concerning his person. 1 440, The Earl of Douglas and his brother murdered in the Castle: 1445, Their murderers denounced rebels: The chancellor takes refuge in the Castle: It is besieged: He surrenders: Important grants made to Edinburgh by James II. 1449, The king marries Mary of Gueldres. 1450, Edinburgh walled. 1457, Restrictions on dress. 1460, James II. killed: Buried in the Chapel of Holyrood.

Disputes as to the tutelage of James III. 1461, Henry VI. of England resides in Edinburgh. 1463, Mary of Gueldres dies: Is buried in Trinity College Church: (Note, Exhumed in 1848, and reinterred in the Chapel of Holyrood). 1469, James marries the king of Denmark's daughter. 1477, Sites of markets regulated: 1482, James III. irritates his nobles: They conspire against him: The Duke of Rothesay confined to the Castle: Escapes: Makes a treaty with Edward IV. An invasion threatened: The king solicits the aid of his nobles: They assemble: Hang his minions: He takes refuge in the Castle: Is confined to it: An English army enter Edinburgh: Royal dower repaid: The king liberated by the citizens: 1482, Grants them important privileges. Statistical facts. 1485, Illiberal acts of the town council towards Leith. James III. deposits his treasurers in the Castle: Supplies it with ordnance. Is assassinated, .... pago 31

Chapter III. From

A.D. 1488, TO A.D. 1542. 1488, James IV. ascends the throne. 1489, The City, Castle, and County, under the control of Bothwell: The king renders the city a scene of gay revelry. 1497, " Grandgore." 1500, Masons' wages. 1503, The daughter of Henry VII. arrives at Dalkeith: Is met by king James: Her entry into the city: Celebration of her marriage: Her dower, dowry, and private purse. Price of bread and ale. 150S, The High street reduced fifteen feet in width. 1511, Newhaven purchased by the town council. 1512, Provincial synod held in the city. 1513, Battle of Flodden. James V. killed: Measures adopted to defend the city: Origin of the town guard. 1513, 14, The plague: City wall extended: Ports leading out of the city. James V. ascends the throne: The queen-mother, regent: Deposed. 1515, Albany chosen protector and governor of the nation: The queen-mother refuses to deliver up the young king: She takes refuge in Stirling Castle: Returns to Edinburgh Castle: It is converted into a State Prison. 1520, The city infested with a lawless armed force: Scourged by the plague: Honours conferred on the provost.

Prices of wines and ales: Disputes among the nobles: Skirmishes in the city. Albany goes to France: James V. declared CONTENTS. of age: Nominally invested with the government. The earl of Angus in vades the city: Is fired upon from the Castle: Retreats: The Castle be sieged by a number of the nobles: Surrenders: They obtain the king's person. James meets his Parliament; Angus dictates to the whole kingdom. 1526, Great power of the Douglas family. 1530, Cannons cast for the Castle. 1532, The College of Justice instituted: The citizens offer to raise 200 soldiers for the king. The High street paved. 1537, The king goes to France: Is married: He and his queen land at Leith. The queen dies: Mournings first introduced. 1538, Lady Glammis burned on the Castle Hill: Her husband killed. 1539, James V. marries Mary of Guise. 1542, He dies: Is buried in the Chapel of Holyrood, . . page 47

Chapter IV. From Ad

1542, TO A.D. 1561. 1542, Mary, daughter of James V. proclaimed queen. 1543, Edinburgh pillaged and burned. Civic war. 1547, Battle of Pinkie. Edinburgh pillaged: Leith burned. 1548, Queen Mary sent to France. 1550, Mary of Guise appointed regent. Prices of provisions regulated by Parliament and the magistrates of Edinburgh. 1551, Extravagance of the Table restricted. Architecture ofthe houses in Edinburgh. Improvements. 1555, Banquet given to the Danish Ambassador. 1556, Honours conferred on the Provost. Measures taken for defending the city. 1658, Queen Mary marries the Dauphin of France. 1559, She is elevated to the throne of France: 1560, Becomes a widow: 1561, Returns to Scotland: Lands at Leith: Is conducted to Holyrood: Makes her public entry into the city: Receives a banquet from the citizens, . page 62

Chapter V

Transactions of the Citizens and occurrences in the City, during the rise and progress of the Reformation, .... page 72

Chapter VI. From

A.D. 1561, TO A.D. 1567. 1561, Robin Hood play: Riots in the city: The Queen's Catholic servants insulted: Idolaters and whoremongers ordered out of the city: How punished on refusal. The Queen orders the Town Council to depose the Magistrates from office: Her command obeyed. 1561, The price per rood paid for building. 1562, The Queen interferes with the election of Provost. City standard altered. Reformers only hold office in the city: Punishment of fornicators and adulterers: A Deacon imprisoned and condemned to be punished for adultery: The deacons combine and liberate him. Price of boots and shoes. 1563, Riots in the city. John Knox tried for high treason and acquitted. 1564, Pillory of a Popish Priest. 1565, The Queen marries Darnley. The Provost deposed at the request of the Queen and another elected.

The superiority of Leith pledged to Edinburgh. 1667, Rizzio murdered: The Queen a prisoner in Holyrood Palace: Escapes: Darnley denies all connection with Rizzo's murder. The Queen's affections alienated from Darnley. James VI. born: Queen Elizabeth's CONTENTS. behaviour on his birth being announced to her. Mary repents marrying Darnley: Bothwell rules all at Court: Mary consents to divorce Darnley: His murder hinted to her: A conspiracy against him formed: James's baptism: Darnley goes to Glasgow: Is seized with a dangerous malady: Meeting of Darnley's enemies: His murder resolved on: The Queen visits Darnley in Glasgow. 1567, The Queen and Darnley leave Glasgow for Edinburgh: Darnley takes up his residence in the house of the Kirk-of-field: (Note, description of that house). Darnley murdered: The house of the Kirk-of-field blown up with gunpowder: Bothwell suspected as the murderer of Darnley: Darnley's father implores the Queen in vain to apprehend those suspected of his son's murder: The Queen confers great favours on Bothwell: He is tried for Darnley's murder and acquitted: Bothwell invites a number of noblemen to supper: Declares his intention of marrying the Queen: They sanction his intentions by bond: Bothwell takes the Queen captive: Carries her to Dunbar: Brings her to Edinburgh: The nobles combine against Bothwell: The Queen marries him: He is generally detested: The confederate nobles enter Edinburgh: They and their army march against Bothwell and his troops: They meet at Carberry hill: The Queen and Bothwell deserted by their troops: Mary parts with Bothwell: He flies, and she surrenders to the confederate nobles: She is led in a disgraceful manner to Edinburgh : Is sent a prisoner to Lochleven Castle : Is compelled to resign her crown.

James VI. crowned at Stirling. Punishment inflicted on fornicators, . . . page 78

Chapter VII. From

A.D. 1568, TO A.D. 1573. 1568, Moray returns to Scotland: Appointed Regent: The Castle delivered to him. The Plague in the City: Mary makes her escape: Flies to England: Is made prisoner by Elizabeth. 1569, Death of Moray. King's-men and Queen's-men. Edinburgh suffers severely: Measures taken for its defence. 1570, The citizens greatly excited. The leaders of the king's faction assemble their friends in the city. Mary's faction encouraged by France: They advance to the capital: Have a conversation with Kirkaldy. Summon a general Convention. An English army enters Scotland: Destroys the country by fire and sword. An English army in the capital: A skirmish at the Watergate: " Carnie fight." Lennox elected Regent: Hostilities suspended. Two Parliaments sit in the city: Issue forfeitures against each other.

Daily skirmishes in the city and neighbourhood. The forces of Lennox and Morton unite and fortify Leith. Kirkaldy fortifies the city and repairs its walls: Holds out the city against the king's faction. Morton's plate and wines seized by Kirkaldy. Morton in revenge destroys Kirkaldy's estate. Kirkaldy in retaliation sets Dalkeith on fire, and kills a number of Morton's soldiers. The miserable state of the capital and country. The Provost deposed. A fierce Border Chief placed in the civic chair. His retainers act as bailies. Death of Lennox. Mar elected regent: He bombards the city. The prisoners taken by either faction branded or hanged. 1572, Queen Mary's affairs in a prosperous state. Death of Mar. Morton elected regent. Death of John Knox. Episcopacy virtually established. 1573, Kirkady cannonades the city: Kills some of the citizens.

Mary's cause hopeless. An English army enters the capital : A Parliament assembled: Pronounces sentence of treason and forfeiture against Kirkaldy and his associates in the fortress. The castle besieged. Defended by Kirkaldy with great gallantry: He proposes to surrender. His terms rejected. Castle surrendered to the English commander. Kirkaldy and his friends given up to Morton. Kirkaldy and his brother executed. The reign of Queen Mary virtually terminates, page CONTENTS. 1577 1589;

Chapter VIII From

A.D. 1577, TO A.D. 1588. ', Superiority of Leith. Morton deposed from the regency. James VI. assumes the reins of government. The Castle delivered up to him. 1578, A riot in the Castle : The Provost deposed -by the Privy Council : The King demands a body guard : The Magistrates maintain their privileges. 1579, Presentation to the King by the citizens: The Provost nominated by the King : Morton resumes his former power : The King's impatience at being confined and ruled by Morton : The citizens rise in arms to re lieve the King : The Provost imprisoned : Two men hanged for writing a satire on Morton: The King's public entry into the city. 1580, Morton accused of Darnley's murder : Imprisoned: 1581, Tried, condemned, and beheaded : His head placed on a pinnacle of the Tolbooth. The King interferes with the election of Magistrates : The citizens ordered by the King to raise 160 men : Raid of Ruthven : A public feast and a solemn fast in the city on the same day: How the city records are kept. 1583, The constitution of the Burgh settled by arbitration: James VI. interferes with the citizens in their election of municipal rulers. 1584, Honours conferred on the Provost : Regulations for the better government of the city : Measures adopted by the King to humble the Clergy : Numbers of them flee to England: The privileges of Burgesses' daughters interfered with by the Magistrates. 1585, Fees payable by Freemen on being ad mitted a guild-brother : The great zeal of the town council in matters of religion: Severe laws to be observed by Freemen. 1583, Queen Mary condemned to be executed: The King and citizens' behaviour on the news of Queen Mary's execution reaching the city. 1578, Whimsical procession. 1588, The Spanish Armada, .... page 111

Chapter IX. From

A.D. 1588, TO A.D. 1621 I, James VI. married by proxy to Anne of Denmark : She sails for Scotland : Is driven back by a storm : The King sails in quest of her : Lands at Upsal: Married: Passes the winter at the Danish Court. 1590, The King and Queen's reception at Leith: The citizens present the Queen with a rich jewel : General banquet to those who accompanied her from Denmark : The citizens imposed upon by the King : The Queen's coronation: The King's activity in the condemnation of Witches: Bothwell accused by Witches : Imprisoned : Escapes : Denounced rebel : Carries off a witness from the bar of the court : Obtains admission within the Palace : Surprises and nearly takes the King and Chancellor prisoners: They are rescued by the citizens : Moray murdered by Huntly : The King and Council insulted by the citizens for not avenging his death.

They retire to Linlithgow. 1592, Presbyterianism established. 1593, Differences between the King and the Clergy : Daily scenes of riot and outrage in the city : Bothwell takes possession of the palace : His interview with the King: His trial and acquittal. 1594, Prince Henry born: Rejoicings in the city: Presentation bj the citizens to the King. 1595, James obtains a body-guard : Regulations to prevent riots within the city. 1596, The Queen delivered of a daughter: The magistrates invited to her baptism: Promise her 10,000 merks on her marriage day : Disputes between the King and the Presbyterian clergy : The citizens support their CONTENTS.

Ministers: Popular tumult: Quelled by the provost and deacon-conve nor: The King retires to Linlithgow: Orders the Courts of Justice to leave the city : Lord Hamilton's treachery : The nobility commanded to return to their country-houses: The clergy exert all their influence to counteract the royal mandate : The King orders the magistrates to seize and imprison the city clergy : They fly to Newcastle : The Clergy decline the jurisdiction of the King and Council ; The magistrates send a deputation to his majesty: Their reception: The King's public entry into the city : The magistrates appear in a convention of the Estates, and endea vour to exculpate themselves from the late riot : The popular tumult in the city declared treason : The city criminally prosecuted : The magistrates commanded to enter themselves in ward in Perth : The city de nounced: The burgesses declared rebels: Public property confiscated: The city in a state of desolation : The King compromises matters with the magistrates: Terms of compromise: They meet and drink to reciprocal friendship. 1598, The magistrates honourably maintain their independence: Royal invitation baptism card. 1600, Commencement of the year changed : The Duke of Rohan's description of Edinburgh : Gowrie conspiracy. 1603, Death of Queen Elizabeth : James proclaimed King of England : His declaration in St. Giles's Church : Sets out for London : Superiority of Leith: The plague in the city. 1609, The King confers favours on the magistrates. 1616, He makes a compound with the citizens for a debt he owed them. 1617, The town council purchase the mills of Bonnington. 1 618, The King visits Scotland : His reception in the capital.

The bishops invested with supreme power in Church matters. 1621, Improvement Act: Water introduced: Church bells imported: James's severity to the clergy and citizens of Edinburgh: His death: Two singular condemnations: Punishment of those taking the benefit of cessio bonorum : Mode of living in Scotland, and manners of the times : Act against excess in eating and drinking at marriages, etc. : Extravagance in dress restricted : Act against drinking, . . page 121

Chapter X. From

A.D. 1621, TO A.D. 1660. 1625, Charles I. proclaimed. The Citizens instructed in the tactics of war. 1627, The King presents the city with a sword and gown: Gilmerton coal works. 1631-3-4-48, Acts of the town council against females wearing plaids. 1634, Ministers' stipends: Number of householders: Amount of rent payable by them: Charles I. visits Edinburgh: His coronation: Edinburgh erected into an Episcopal See: Riot in St. Giles's church: Tumult in the city: The Covenant: Hamilton as King's commissioner fails to satisfy the Covenanters. 1638, General Assembly meet and abolish Episcopacy: The citizens ordered to prepare for war: The plague: War declared by the Covenanters. They take Edinburgh Castle and Dalkeith House: Pacification: The Castle delivered up. 1640, War determined on: The Castle surrenders to General Lesly: Leith fortified: Hostilities cease. 1641, Charles I. visits Edinburgh: Solemn League and Covenant: The Scottish army enter England. 1645, Letter of Montrose to the magistrates: State of Edinburgh described: The Scottish Parliament disapproves ofthe execution of Charles I. 1649, Charles II. invited to fill the Scottish throne: Declines: Montrose condemned and executed at Edinburgh: English army under Cromwell enter Edinburgh: Encamps on the Pentland hills: Retires to Dunbar: Charles II. arrives in Edinburgh: The clergy treat him with indignity : Battle of Dunbar: The city deserted CONTENTS. by its civic rulers: Charles II. treated with more discretion: The city and castle delivered to Cromwell: (Note, History of Mons Meg. ) A committee of citizens manage the city affairs: Civic rulers restored: The citizens alarmed for their superiority over Leith. A citadel erected in Leith, page 142

CHAPTER XL FROM

A.D. 1660 TO A.D. 1707. 1660, Restoration. Actings of the Town Council on that occasion: Re-establishment of Episcopacy: Duplicity of Charles II. Severities of the Government towards the Presbyterians: Insurrection. 1661, The mutilated body of Montrose exhumed and re-interred in St. Giles' : Lauderdale's extortions. The Town Council purchase the citadel of Leith. 1677, Actings of Sir Andrew Ramsay while chief magistrate. Exorbitant charges at penny weddings restricted. The Act, 1621, against thatched houses renewed. 1678, Major Weir burned on the Castle hill as a wizard. 1679, Population of the city: The Duke of York's entrance into the city: His and the magistrates actings during his residence in Holyrood palace. 1680, The Pope burned in effigy. 1685, Rejoicings in the city on the accession of James VII. of Scotland and II. of England: Argyle executed: The Town Council present gifts to Lord Melville. 1686, James invested with absolute power: His partiality to Papists : Riots in the city : Reciprocities between James and the civic authorities: Restrictions on the Press. 1688-9, Revolutionary riots in the city upon the landing of the Prince of Orange.

The Pope burned in effigy: The magistrates' address to the Prince of Orange: Convention settles the crown on William and Mary: The civic rulers elected by poll: Presbyterianism established: Excitements in the city by the actings of the ex-monarch's adherents: Castle surrendered to William and Mary: Execution of John Chislie of Dairy: 1690, The members of the College of Justice disarmed: The city guarded by 120 men: Rigours of the new Government: City revenue. 1692, Tonnage and value of shipping at Leith. 1695, Act to prevent lewdness in public houses. 1697, Town guard. 1698, Height of houses restricted. 1699, Darien scheme. 1700, Great fire in Parliament Square. Punishment for vitiating a bond. 1702, Accession of Queen Anne. 1703, Riding of Parliament. 1704, Popish trinkets burnt. 1705, Trial and execution of Captain Green. 1707, Discontents of the people. Riots in the city. Union of Scotland and England page 160

Chapter XII. From

A.D. 1707, TO A.D. 1745- 1 707, Principal Articles of the Union. Proposed uniformity of coinage in England and Scotland. National feelings consequent on the Union. The effects of the Union on Edinburgh. Absurd and ludicrous laws enacted by the Town Council. 1708, The Pretender, with a French fleet, enters the Frith of Forth: Loyalty ofthe Magistrates and Deacons of Edinburgh. French fleet chased by the British fleet, commanded by Admiral Byng. The Jacobites disappointed: The Freedom of the City conferred on Admiral Byng. He and his principal officers entertained by the Citizens. 1714, Death of Queen Anne. Proclamation of George I. (Note, Description of the ancient cross of Edinburgh ) 1715, Standard of Rebellion erected: Preparations at Edinburgh: Failure of an attempt to surprise the Castle: Attempt to seize the Town Guard defeated: A party of Rebels cross the Forth: Make a vain attempt on Edinburgh: Take possession of Leith: Fortify- CONTENTS. the citadel: Summoned to surrender by Argyle: Refuse: Retire to Season House: March to England.

Craftsmen and nonfreemen find security for the good behaviour of their servants. Six thousand troops arrive from Hol land. Rebellion extinguished. Expenses disbursed by the Citizens repaid by Government. 1718, Provost receives £300 of salary in lieu of gratuities. Allowance to the magistrates to bay velvet coats. 1724, Gaugers' first appearance in Scotland: Malt tax extended to Scotland. Absurd expedient to avoid it. Lords of Session fix the price of ale sold within the city. 1725, Riots in Glasgow, on the malt tax being there enforced. The magistrates of Glasgow conducted to and imprisoned in Edinburgh jail. City brewers strike work: Threatened with an illegal combination: Required to con tinue brewing: Refuse: Petition the Court: Their petition publicly burned by the hangman at the cross: Summoned to pay the malt duty: Refuse: Imprisoned: Submit and grant bills for the duties.

Great fire in the Lawn Market. 1728, A woman resuscitated after being hanged. 1736, Origin of the Porteous mob. Porteous fires on the populace at the execution of Wilson. Committed to jail: Tried and condemned: Respited: For cibly taken from prison and hanged by the mob. Reward for the discovery of the rioters offered without effect. The provost imprisoned. The magistrates and Lords of Justiciary ordered to attend the House of Peers. Fine imposed on the city. Measures adopted to prevent such riots in future. City expense connected with this riot. 1710, Tremendous hurricane. In tense frost. Great dearth. Riots. 1742, Riots, on dead bodies being exhumed for anatomical purposes, page 184

Chapter XIII. From

A.D. 1744, TO A.D. 1747. 1744, The town council informed of a premeditated invasion, 1745, Prince Charles lands at Eriska. Extent of the city and state of its walls. Its standing forces. The news of Charles's landing reach the city. Measures adopted for its defence. Interrupted by Burgh politics. The citizens enrol themselves as volunteers. Charles, with his army, march southward. All hurry and confusion in the city. The trained bands, volunteers, and fusileers, mount guard. Burgh politics again interfere. Measures adopted by Captain Drummond: Their consequences. The town guard and city regiment join the dragoons at Corstorphine: Leave a rear guard there and retire: These, on the appearance of a few Highlanders, become panic-struck: Retire to the main army: They retreat to Leith: The citizens meet to deliberate: Letter from Charles read to the meeting.

Deputation sent to Charles. Sir John Cope, with his troops, land at Dunbar: Proceedings of the town council in consequence: Letter from Charles: A second deputation sent him: The result of their conference. A party of Highlanders enter the city by the Netherbow-port: Proclaim the Pretender as James VIII. Charles and his army enter the King's Park: His reception and behaviour. Charles's proclamation relative to arms and ammunition. Citizens taxed to defray the expense of supplying Charles's army with tents, etc. The Highlanders, by proclamation, prohibited from pillaging. The number of Charles's forces, and how armed. Charles marches his followers against General Cope's army. Battle of Gladsmuir gained by Charles. Charles returns to Holyrood: The clergy leave the city. Charles exercises the functions of royalty: How he passed his time.

Hostilities between the rebels and those in the castle. Charles and his army leave the city. The clergy return to their respective charges. The Officers of State return to the city. The news reach the city of Charles's retreat from England. The citizens thrown into great consternation. CONTENTS. Orders issued for the protection of the city. The citizens relieved from their fears. Fourteen of the rebel's standards burned at the cross. The civic rulers chosen by a poll election. The Duko of Cumberland presented with the freedom of the city. Trial of the Lord Provost Stewart. Punishment of a Jacobite printer for a satirical poem, . page 200

Chapter XIV. From

A.D. 1760, TO A.D. 1822. 1760, Heritable Jurisdictions abolished. Press-gang: Riots in the city. George III. proclaimed. Riots in the Theatre. 1763, Peculiarities relative to the prevailing manners and fashions of the citizens. 1763-5, Tumults in city. 1 778, Paul Jones threatens to destroy the shipping of Leith, etc. Measures adopted for defending Leith. The city improvements attract general attention. Mutiny at Leith of a Highland regiment: They take possession of Arthur's Seat: Matters compromised. The citizens support the American war. 1779, Recruits revolt at Leith: Desperate affray in consequence. Riots in the city. 1783, Change in the peculiarities of the prevailing manners and fashions of the citizens since 1763. 1784, A woman placed in the pillory for selling butter deficient in weight.