Cumberland and Westmorland M.P.'s from the Restoration to the Reform Bill of 1867. (1660-1867.)

Front matter

CARLISLE ELECTION CARICATURE, APRIL 1786, p. 210. CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORLAND M.P.'s FROM THE RESTORATION TO THE REFORM BILL OF 186T, ( 1660-1867. ) BY RICHARD S, FERGUSON, M.A., BA RRISTER-A T-LA W, AUTHOR OF "EARLY CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORLAND FRIENDS," AND PART AUTHOR OF " AN HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL ACCOUNT OF LANERCOST PRIORY." "England is governed in times of excitement by its people; in quiet times by its property." " The Governing Families of England," Vol. I. LONDON : BELL AND DALDY. CARLISLE: C. THTJRNAM AND SONS. 187 1. CARLISLE I PRINTED AT THE OFFICES OF C. THURNAM AND SOXS. TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL OF LONSDALE, THE LATE, AND TO HENRY LOWTHER, ESQUIRE, M.P., THE PRESENT, LORD LIEUTENANT AND CUSTOS ROTULORUM OF THE TWO COUNTIES, WHOSE POLITICAL HISTORY THIS WORK ATTEMPTS TO RECORD.

Preface

. A few years ago it was the Author's duty to assist at the examination of an old deed chest, which had slumbered undisturbed for years ; the muniments it contained were wrapt up in dirty and mouldering pieces of printed paper, which were condemned to the tire as rubbish. A friend of the Author happened to notice that these pieces of dirty aud mouldering paper were old squibs and placards relating to Cumberland and Carlisle elections of the last century. The Author carried them home, and was induced to try and find the meaning of the allusions they contained. At the same time it occurred to his mind to do for the particular case of the two sister Counties of Cumberland and Westmorland what the authors of that most interesting book, "The Governing Families of England" (originally published as detached essays in the Spectator newspaper), have done for England at large. - On the title-page of this Volume will be found the conclusion which those gentlemen drew from the general case.

The Author of this Volume thinks he has proved its truth in the particular case. The Author's intention is to furnish a complete Political History of the two Counties of Cumberland and Westmorland and their Boroughs of Carlisle, Cockermouth, Whitehaven, Appleby, and Kendal, from 1660 to 1867, which should show the various steps by which the great local landed families, such as the Percies, Seymours, Wyndhams, Whartons, Bentincks, Howards, Tuftons, Lowthers, and others of lesser note, acquired and kept, or lost, political sway in the two counties ; the interference for political ends of the Crown with the Corporate boroughs ; and also the

PREFACE.

. growth into local political power of the manufacturing interests. The Author has also attempted to give a history of all the election contests in the counties and their boroughs, and to enter into minute details of the more remarkable ones ; and further to show the various compromises effected between political parties, by which in particular constituencies election contests were for long avoided, such as the compromise effected for Cumberland in 1768, for Westmorland in 1774, for Appleby in 1754, and for Carlisle in 1802. No one is more sensible than himself of how far his book comes short of his intentions. Once embarked on the course of study necessary for writing this book, materials readily came in. A lucky purchase at a sale, of a box of old papers, put the Author in possession of a very fine collection of papers and squibs relating to elections for Cumberland and Westmorland ; while stray ones were picked up here and there.

The proprietors of the Carlisle Journal, Carlisle Patriot, and Cumberland Racquet, readily allowed the Author access to their back files; and from those sources the Author has drawn largely, most particularly from the Carlisle Journal, whose back files are kept so as to be more readily accessible than those of the Patriot. Many gentlemen rendered the Author most valuable help. He has to thank the Earl of Lonsdale for the loan of valuable unpublished books ; Mr. P. H. Howard of Corby for the loan of several volumes of newspaper cuttings and papers, extending from about the year 1800 to the present time, and for some kind introductions ; Mr. Watts of Hawkesdale Hall for curious letters and papers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries ; Mr. Nanson of Carlisle for curious pamphlets and papers, including the frontispiece to this volume ; Mr. W. Jackson of Fleatham House, St. Bees, for much information ; Mr. J. G. Thurnam of Carlisle for election squibs ; Mr. W. N. Hodgson, M.P., and Mr. J. H. James, for information and assist ance ; Mr. Smethurst of Rubby Banks, Cockermouth, for the loan

PREFACE.

. IX of books ; Messrs. Gibson of Whitehaven for trouble taken and assistance given ; Sir George Musgrave, Sir Wilfred Lawson, Mr. Hartley of Rosehill, Mr. G. G. Mounsey, Mr. Stanley of Ponsonby, and many others, for searches undertaken or queries answered. In addition to these sources the Author has drawn largely from the Parliamentary History, from the Gentleman's Magazine, from the Annual Register, from Peerages, Baronetages, County Histories, Topographical and Genealogical Works, and Political Memoirs aud Histories too numerous to mention. The valuable collection of broadsides in the possession of the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn yielded much that was valuable. The book has occupied the leisure of some years, and the Author hopes that it may be found not unacceptable in Cum berland and Westmorland. R. S. F. Lincoln's Inn, June, 1871. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Part I

— HISTORICAL Chapter I. Introductory. State of Cumberland and Westmorland circa 1660, taken from documents recently discovered and calendared by the Master of the Rolls. Political feeling there and the causes which influenced and caused it. Trade and commerce. Account of Sir Joseph Williamson, who rose from being son of the Vicar of Bridekirk, Cumberland, to be Secretary of State pp. 1 — 18 Chapter II. From the Restoration to the Revolution, 1660 to 1688— six general elections. Local constituencies at first return a majority of Presbyterians and a minority of Cavaliers. Interference of the Crown with the local elections. Cavaliers shortly gain the majority : their violent proceedings both at Westminster and locally. The great " Kippar Rigg Plot" in Westmorland under Captain Armstrong of Mallerstang.

Local persecution of Quakers and of Papists. Corruption of local M.P.'s by the Crown, which also tampers with the Corporations of Carlisle, Appleby, and Kendal, and reduces them to subserviency. King James's questions to the local Deputy-Lieutenants ; their meeting at the George Inn at Penrith : union of local political leaders in favour of William III brought about by Sir Daniel Le Fleming. CringiDg address to the King from Carlisle : state of feeling there : the garrison officers made "mushroom" Freemen: their cowardly conduct : the two counties secured by Sir John Lowther for King William III. Con nection by relationship and education between the local M .P.'s of the period. Subserviency of Cockermouth to the Percies and Seymours ------ pp. 19 — 5S Chapter III. From the accession of William and Mary to accession of Queen Anne— six general elections.

The most brilliant period of local political history : split between the local politicians who had acted together to bring about the Revolution : a Lowther and a Musgrave become rival leaders in Parliament : great local election contests between those families : rise of the Wharton influence in the two counties, its temporary defeat and Tory triumph. Attack in Parliament on Sir John Lowther made by the Tories under Sir Christopher Musgrave : ill-treatment of Lowther. Mayor and Aldermen of Carlisle cited before the House of Commons for breach of its privileges in depriving young Christopher Musgrave of the freedom of Carlisle. Commencement of the long local political struggle between the Lowthers and Howards : dubious politics of Sir Wilfred Lawson. The Bentincks become landed proprietors in Cumberland : Sir John Fenwick's plot : connection of Miss Lawson of Isell with him.

Charges against Sir Christopher Musgrave of receiving money from the King. Political power of local land owners : an account of those who were at this period the prominent ones. Great number of local election petitions presented during this period : their results - - pp. 59 — 80 Chapter IV. From the accession of Queen Anne to accession of George I. Honours bestowed on Sir Christopher Musgrave. Local election contest during this period ; temporary quietude. Tory triumphs. Death of Sir Christopher Musgrave, CONTENTS. "the wisest man of his party." Dubious politics of Gilfred Lawson. Misconduct of officials of the House of Commons over a Westmorland election. Compromises apparently effected in the representation of Cumberland and Westmorland. The Whigs gain ground locally. A petition against a return for Cockermouth heard by the House as a party matter: curious proceedings on it: evidence of undue influence by the Duke of Somerset.

Election at Carlisle 1708 and petition : undue influence used by the Bishop, who was censured by the House of Commons, before whom he appeared : curious accounts of bribery and corruption at Carlisle : determination of the House as to the right of voting there. Other petitions. Chief landed families possessing local political influence and the sides they took during this period : struggle between Lowthers and Howards : Lowthers and Lawsons : the Percies, Seymours, and Whartons, at Cockermouth PP- 81—98 Chapter V. Reigns of George I and IT. Commencement of a more peaceable era in local election history : extinction of the Wharton influence. Mr. G. G. Mounsey on prevalence at this period of Whig politics among the local landowners : political vacilla tion of the Duke of Somerset : decadence of Toryism : only one Tory returned for the ten local seats : local election struggles waged between Court Whigs and Country WThigs.

The various local election contests of this period. Interference of the Bishop of Carlisle. Accession of Hanoverian dynasty received quiety in the two counties. Curious petitions against an election for Cockermouth. The Rebellion of 1715. Local M.P.'s mixed up with the South Sea Company. Tories in 1722 make a rally locally : petition against the Appleby returns : extraordinary substitution of one candidate for another at Carlisle, and petition against the return. The house of Lowther politically divided against itself ; also that of Howard. Sale of the great Wharton estates : their purchase by the Lowthers and Seymours : curious anecdote of the Musgraves anent these sales. Distinguished Parliamentary positions held by Sir James Lowther, Sir Wilfred Lawson, and Mr. Gilfred Lawson. The local nobility in the House of Lords.

Contest and petition for Carlisle in 1741 : extraordinary conduct of the Mayor: Colonel Stanwix unseated. Reunion of the Lowther interest : split in politics between the Earl of Thanet and his nominee for Appleby, Sir Charles Wyndham. Wyndhams succeed to Percy and Seymour influence at Cockermout.h. The Rebellion of 1715. General Howard among his constituents at Carlisle. The general election of 1754: fatality attending the members for Cumberland. The great contest of 1754 for Appleby : petition and compromise by which the Lowthers and Tuftons each nominated a member for that borough up to its extinction in 1S32. Prevalence of Whig politics during this period among local landowners : two sorts of Whigs, one of which acted with the Tories : hence a few local Tory families gradually became Whigs pp. 99 — 125 Chapter VI.

Reign of George III up to the "mushroom" contests at Carlisle in 1784. The era of Sir James Lowther (the first Eail of Lonsdale) : his method of pro ceeding : Sir James in 1701 master of but one of the ten local seats. General election of 1761 : contest for Westmorland. Sir James at first Whig, then a Tory aud follower of Lord Bute, then a Whig and companion of Fox and Wilkes in their attacks on Lord North, then a Tory, when Pitt joined that party. Sir James's curious dealings with the representation of two counties in 1761 and 1763 thus explained. Local members silent in Parliament of 1761 : its three division lists. The great contest for Cumberland of 1768 ; lists of the authorities consulted on it : its alleged connection with the Bentinck CONTENTS. XIII estates in Cumberland, and the grant of them by King William : the first Bentinck's character : the large grants made to him by King William : fishery suits between him and Sir James, who discerns a flaw in Bentinck's title, and obtains a grant of the pro perty supposed to be Bentinck's : documents relating thereto, outcry, debate in Parliament and passing of the Nullum Tempus Act : opinions of historians thereon.

The election : enormous sums spent by each side : the Sheriff returns one of each side : meeting of county gentlemen: petition and success of Whigs: misconduct of the Sheriff: compromise by which each political party up to 1831 nominated one member for Cumberland : election squibs of the period : sharpness of the Dean of Carlisle. Other contests of 1768: oneness of Freemen of Carlisle. Westmorland election. Further proceedings on the Nullum Tempus Act. Sir James's 500 suits to get the property in question from the Bentincks : their collapse. Local members in Parliament of 1768. General election of 1774. Contests for Cumberland : Sir James and the contest at Carlisle : Storer's politics. From this time the Lowthers rule Westmorland. The Lowthers acquire Cockermouth through the supineness of the Wyndhams.

Local M.P.'s at Westminster. General election of 1780 : Pitt's election for Appleby: Pennington and the Cumberland election. Lord Carlisle obtains preferment. Lowther opposition to Lord North : Lowther control over the local M.P.'s. Blue and Yellow M.P.'s both voting same way. Gretna Green marriages. Resignation of Lord North. Ill-treatment of the Earl of Carlisle. Debates of local interest. Ministerial changes. Pitt in office. General election of 1784. Local M.P.'s at Westminster. Dissolution of 1790 pp. 126 — 181 Appendix I. Documents relating to election of 1768 - - • pp. 181 — 187 Appendix II. Particulars of polls. p. 188 Chapter VII. Original right of voting in boroughs : how encroached on. Earliest decision as to right in Carlisle : discussion thereof. Corporation records : encroachments of the Guilds : disputes and litigation : position in 1784.

Sir James's examples and his proceedings. Creation of " mushrooms." Durham Act. First bye election of 1786 : the poll sheet : squibs : petition and result : rejoicings in London. Second bye election of 1786 : squibs : petition, trial, and result. Election of 1790 : petitions : final determination of the right of voting : opinions on it : other legal proceedings : squibs and caricatures ...-.--- .j$ pp. 189 — 211 Chapter VIIL General elections of 1790 and 1796 : only one local constituency contested at each. Election expenses at Carlisle: contests in 1768, 1796, and 1820, very expensive contest. Local member in the Parliaments of 1790 and 1796. The old minority. Mr. Curwen and the Freemen's petition. Death of the Earl of Lonsdale. Curious doctrine held by Whig politicians. General election and compromise of 1802 : number of local members returned by Lord Lonsdale : other members not Indepen dent.

Curious exchange of seats. Lowther interest supports Pitt :»Mr. Curwen silent. General elections of 1806 and 1807, and supercession of Sir Henry Fletcher. Local members in Parliament. Mr. Curwen at the zenith of his fame : his Reform Bill : his con duct with regard to the manufacturing interest. General election of 1812 : changes in the local representatives : Mr. Curwen does not contest Carlisle : split in the Blues. Bye election of 1816 at Carlisle : squibs of the period : riots. General election of 1818 : CONTENTS. important proceedings at the Cumberland election : outcry against the compromise and disunion among the Blues : awkward position of Mr. Curwen. Mr. Perkins at Carlisle. Contest for Cockermouth. First Brougham contest for Westmorland. The Westmorland Association. Lambton Peerage.

Sedition in and about Carlisle - - pp. 212 — 239 Chapter IX. General election of 1820 : supercession of Lord Morpeth by Mr. Curwen : Blues still disunited. Contest at Carlisle. Bye election there in 1820 hotly contested : squibs : riots : resolutions of the Commons on the employment of the military. Brougham's second Westmorland contest. Mr. Curwen and Mr. James in the Parliament of 1820. Bye election at Carlisle in 1825. General election of 1826. A second Blue talked of for Cumberland. Brougham's last Westmorland contest : squibs. Contest at Carlisle : Blues still disunited : riots and loss of life : proceedings in Parliament. Bye election of 1827 at Carlisle: Colonel Lushington introduced by Lord Lowther; riots. Bye elections for Cumberland and Carlisle in 1828 : the Blues driven from the repre sentation of Carlisle.

Mr. Curwen : Sir J. R. G. Graham in Parliament. Catholic Relief and the Lowthers. General election of 1830. Contest in Carlisle : rival claim ants on the Blue party : Mr. P. H. Howard elected. Dissolution and general election of 1S31. Triumph of Blues in Cumberland, Westmorland, and Carlisle, subsequent riots at Whitehaven. Turbulent election at Carlisle. Bye election for Appleby, the last held there. Cockermouth, Appleby, and Whitehaven, and the Reform Bill. Local M.P.'s at Westminster : Mr. James reprimanded by the Speaker. Reform rejoicings in the North. Local effect of the Reform Bill. General election of 1832 and bye election of 1833 for West Cumberland. Whitehaven election. Carlisle election and Blue dissensions. Political division of the local representatives. General election of 1834.

Local members at Westminster. Sir J. R. G. Graham pp. 240 266 Appendix. Particulars of polls pp. 266—267 Chapter X. General election of 1837. Contest at Cockermouth. Sir J. R. G. Graham and East Cumberland : the Brampton remonstrance ; Sir James thrown over by the Blues and defeated. Tactics of the Yellows : Sir James avows himself a Con servative. Character of the local M.P.'s. Anti-Corn-Law League. General election of 1841. Split of the Conservative party. General election of 1847. Carhsle election and petition and re-election. Split among the Blues. General election of 1852 : " the wanderer come home": Blue rejoicings. General elections of 1857 and 1859. Bye election at Carhsle of 1861, and general election of 1865- - - - pp. 268—278 Appendix. Particulars of polls 279 Chapter XI. Cumberland and Westmorland divided by William the Conqueror History of the Cumberland Baronies granted by him, and of the Forest of Inglewood and political influence belonging to these estates : the same for Westmorland manorial estates.

Families risen to wealth and power from manorial estates, and their varyino political importance. Families sprung from commerce. Distribution of the Abbey lands in Cumberland and Westmorland : no new families founded thereby. The Whartons Control of Corporate Boroughs, how acquired by landed proprietors. Political influenee of large estates. Sir Robert Peel on political influence of Peers. Lords Lieutenant of CONTENTS. XV the two counties : their influence : complaints : great meeting in 1784 against pocket sheriffs, &c. : such complaints were groundless. Curious doctrine held by Whigs as to rights of landed proprietors over representation. Political influence arising from commerce. Short commercial history of Kendal : its present manufactures and politics. Whitehaven founded and favoured by the Lowthers : its trade : making of the road between Newcastle and Carhsle : tobacco trade lost by it : its politics : Parton once its rival.

Carlisle, its earliest manufactures, their founders and growth : the Forsters, Fergusons, and Dixons : political principles of the manufacturers : the weavers : freemen : railways and banks and their politics. Cockermouth, its manufactures and politics pp. 280 — 309 Chapter XII. The Lowthers, how they have employed their political power : number of members returned by them, and their classification : their places, their honours : charges against them, and discussion thereof. The Percies, Seymours, and Wyndhams, their power, honours, places, and pride. The Whartons, their rise and fall. The Bentincks and Cavendishes. The Tuftons. The Howards. The Penningtons. ' The Musgraves. The Lawsons. The Curwens. The Flemings. Independence of local political magnates ----------- pp. 310 — 316 Chapter XIII.

Eras in the political history of Cumberland : subdued by the Whigs in first half of last century ; representation divided by compromises from 1768 to 1831. Character of its representatives and names of the more distinguished ones. Westmorland : the contests of last century : subdued by the Lowthers : contested three times by Brougham : character of its representatives ; curious instances of political longevity. Carhsle first shared between Howards and Musgraves and between Howards and Lowthers : struggle between Lowthers and Bentincks : an Independent party : character of its representatives. Cockermouth always a pocket-borough : at first ruled by Percies, Seymours, and Wyndhams : abandoned by the iast to the Lowthers : distinguished list of representatives. Appleby : its original rulers : Tufton and Lowther struggle for, and division of, its seats : distinguished list of representatives.

Whitehaven. Kendal pp- 317—322 Chapter XIV. "Blues" and "Yellows": strong feeling thereon : antiquity of the custom : doubtful origin. Colours of the Puritans and of the officers of the Common wealth : the Howards : the Musgraves : the Lowthers : their coats of arms : colours of the Prince of Orange : politics of the Lowthers. The Bentincks : their colours. Politics of Sir James Lowther, first Earl of Lonsdale. Other colours occasionally used. General conclusion. Characteristic of the Yellow and Blue parties : the latter liable to splits, and ungrateful PP- 323-328 CONTENTS. XVI

Part II

- ■BIOGRAPHICAL FAOI PAGE Abinger, Lord (see Scarlett, Sir James) Adair, Robert --..-" 331 Adair, Sergeant - - - 331 Aglionby, Henry - - - • 331 Aglionby, Major Francis - - 332 Cork, Earl of (see Boyle, Charles) Courtenay, John - - - - 343 Creevy, Thomas . - - - 343 Curwens, The - 344 Curwen, Sir Patricius, Bart. - 344 — 345 Curwen, Eldred 345 Aglionby, H. A. - - • 332—333 Curwen, Henry - - - - 345 Ansthruther, Sir John, Bart. - - 333 Attwood, Matthias - - - 333 Curwen, John Christian - - 345 — 346 Barham, John F. - - - 333—334 Cuthbert, J. R. - - - - 347 Dalrymple, General Sir J. A., Bart. 347 Barham, Charles Henry - - - 334 Dalstons, The - 347 Bateman, James - - - - 334 Beckett, The Right Hon. Sir John 335 Bective, Earl of 335 Dalston, John - - - 347—348 Dalston, John - - - 348 Dalston, Sir George, Bart. - - 348 Bellingham, Alan - - - 335—336 Dixon, John - 348—349 Bentincks, The - - 336—337 Bentinck, Lord Edward Charles Cavendish 337 Dodington, George Bubb, afterwards Lord Melcombe - - - 349—350 Bentinck, G. A. F. C. - - *- 337 Bertie, Albemarle - - - - 337 Dunch, Wharton - - - 350—351 Duncomb, Edward - - - 351 Dykes, F. L. B. - - - - 351 Binning, Lord, afterwardsLord Haddington 337 Egremont, Earl of (see Wyndham, Sir Charles) Blamire, William - - - - 338 Bland, Sir John, Bart. - - - 338 Elliott, John 351 Bouverie, The Honourable Philip Pleydell Fawcett, Henry - - - 351—352 338—339 Fenwick, Thomas - - - - 352 Boyle, Charles, afterwards Earl of Cork and Burlington - - - 337 Ferguson, Joseph - - - 352 — 353 Finch, The Right Hon. William 353—354 Braddyll, Wilson Gale - - - 337 Flemings, The ... - 354 Brisco, Colonel William - - 339—340 Fleming, Sir Daniel, Knight - 354—355 Brougham, James - - - - 340 Fleming, Sir William, Bart. - - 355 Bubb, Jeremiah - - - 340—341 Fleming, Major Michael - - 356 Fleming, Sir William, Bart. - - 356 Bucknall (see Grimston, Honourable William) Fleming, Sir Michael Le, Bart. - 356 Burlington, Earl of (see Boyle, Charles) Fletchers, The - - - - 357 Burrow, Edward - - - - 341 Fletcher, John .... 357 Capel, Sir Henry, afterwards Lord Capel Fletcher, William- - - - 358 341 Fletcher, Sir George, Bart. - 358 — 359 Carlisle, First Earl of (see Howard, Lord Charles) Fletcher, Colonel George - - 359 Fletcher, Sir Henry, Bart. - 359—360 Carlisle, Second Earl of (see Howard, Edward) Fludyer, George - 360 Ford, Sir Richard - 3gQ Carlisle, Sixth Earl of (see Howard, George) Forster, The Right Hon. Sir Augustus J., Cheyne, William 342 Bart. .... 360—361 Clerke, John 342 Francis, Sir Philip - - 361 — 362 Colborne, The Right Hon. Nicholas Ridley, afterwards Lord Colborne - 342 — 343 Galloway, Earl of (see Steward, George) Galloway, Earl of (see Steward, Randolph) Concannen, Lucius - - - 343 Garforth, John Barnes - - . 3^2 CONTENTS.

XVII PAGE Johnstone, Governor - - 390 — 393 Knubley, Edward 393 Lamplugh, Richard • - - 393 Lamplugh, Thomas ... 394 Lawsons, The 394 Lawson, Sir Wilfred, Bart., of IseU 394—395 Lawson, Wilfred, of Brayton ■ 395 Lawson, Sir Wilfred, Bart. - 395—396 Lawson, Gilfred .... 396 Lawson, Sir Wilfred, Bart., of IseU 396—397 Lawson, Sir Wilfred, Bart. - - 397 Lawson, Sir Wilfred, Bart. - - 397 Lauderdale, Earl of (see Maitland, Viscount) Lechmere, Nicholas, afterwards Lord Lechmere .... 398 Liverpool, Earl of (see Jenkinson, Charles) Liverpool, Earl of (see Jenkinson, Robert Banks) Lonsdale, Viscount (see Lowther, Sir John, Bart., of Lowther) Lonsdale, First Earl of (see Lowther, Sir James) Lonsdale, Earl of (see Lowther, Sir William, Bart., of Swillington) Lonsdale, Earl of (see Lowther, Viscount) Lowthers, The - - - 398—400 Lowther, Sir John, Bart. , of Lowther 400 Lowther, Colonel John - - - 400 Lowther, Sir John, Bart., of Lowther, afterwards Viscount Lonsdale 401 — 403 Lowther, Henry, Lord Viscount Lonsdale 403—404 Lowther, The Honourable Anthony, of Lowther 404 Lowther, William, of the Lowther line 405 Lowther, Robert - - - - 405 Lowther, Richard, of the Lowther line and of Meaburn - - . 405 Lowther, Sir John, Bart., of Whitehaven 405—406 Lowther, Sir James, Bart., of Whitehaven 406 Lowther, Anthony, of Maske 406 — 407 Lowther, Sir William, Bart., of Maske and Holker 407 Lowther, Sir James, Bart., afterwards the first Earl of Lonsdale • 407—410 Lowther, Robert - • • 410—411 PAGE Gee, Sir Orlando .... 363 Gerard, Sir Charles, Bart. - - 363 Glyn, George Carr, now Lord Wolverton, 363—364 Gower, The Honourable John - 364 Gowland, Ralph - - - 364—365 Grahams, The - - - 365—366 Graham, Sir Richard, Bart., afterwards Viscount Preston - - 366—367 Graham, Colonel James - 367—368 Graham, Henry .... 368 Graham, Sir James, Bart., of Kirkstall 368 Graham, The Right Honourable Sir J.

R. G. 368-371 Grantley, Baron (see Norton, Sir Fletcher) Grey, Earl (see Howick, Viscount) Grimston, Honourable William, afterwards Bucknall 371 Haddington, Lord (see Binning, Lord) Harvey, William - - - 371—372 Hasell, Sir Edward, Knight - - 372 Hildyard, Robert Charles - 372—373 Hodgson, William Nicholson - - 373 Honeywood, General Philip - 373—374 Horsman, The Right Hon. Edward 374—375 Howards, The - - - 375—376 Howard, Lord Charles, afterwards first Earl of Carhsle - - 377—378 Howard, Col. Sir Philip, Knight 379—381 Howard, Edward, Lord Morpeth, afterwards second Earl of Carlisle - 381 Howard, Charles, third Earl of Carhsle 381- 383 Howard, The Honourable William 383 Howard, Philip - ... 383 Howard.General the Hon. Charles 383—384 Howard, George, Lord Morpeth, afterwards Sixth Earl of Carlisle ■ - 384—385 Howard, The Hon. Charles W. G. 385 Howard, Philip Henry - - 385—386 Howard, Charles, Earl of Surrey, and afterwards Duke of Norfolk 386—387 Howick, Viscount, afterwards Earl Grey 387—388 Hylton, John - - - 388—389 Irton, Samuel 389 James, William - - - 389—390 Jenkinson, Charles, afterwards Earl of Liverpool - - - - 390 Jenkinson, Robert Banks, afterwards Earl of Liverpool - - . - CONTENTS.

PA OS PAGE Osborne, Sir John, Bart. - 426—427 Lowther, Colonel James, of Aikton and Lowther ----- 411 Peel, The Right Hon. Sir Lawrence 427 Pengelly, Sir Thomas - - - 427 Lowther, Sir William, Bart., of Swillington, as terwards Earl of Lonsdale 411 — 412 Penn, The Honourable Richard - 427 Penningtons, The - - - - 428 Lowther, Sir John, Bart., of Swillington 41 i Lowther, Sir J. H., Bart., of Swillington 412 Lowther, Viscount, now Earl of Lonsdale Pennington, Sir Joseph, Bart. - 428 Pennington, Sir John, Bart. - - 428 Pennington, Sir John, Bart., afterwards 412—413 Lord Muncaster - - 428—429 Lowther, Colonel H. C. - - 413 Lowther, Colonel Henry - - 413 Pennington, Lowther, Lord Muncaster 429 Lowther, William - - - - 413 Percies, The osee Wyndhams) Philipson, Christopher - - - 429 Pierrepoint, The Honourable Gervaise 429 Lushington, General Sir James Law, G.C.B. 414 Pitt, William - - - 429—430 Lutwych, Thomas - - - - 414 Lyall, George - - - 414 Plumer, Walter 430 Plumer- Ward, Robert (see Ward, Robert) Macartney, Sir George, afterwards Lord Macartney - - - 411 — 415 Potter, Hugh - - - 430—431 Potter, Edmund 431 Maitland, Viscount, afterwards Earl of Lauderdale - 415 Preston, Viscount (see Graham, Richard) Marshall, William - - - 415—416 RamsdeD, Sir John, Bart. - - 431 Rawdon, The Honourable John - 431 Mayo, Lord, K.P. - - - 416 Robinson, John - - - 431 — 432 Melcombe, Lord (see Dodington, George Bubb) Sandford, Sir Richard, Bart. - - 433 Montagu, Sir James - - 416 — 417 Satterthwaite, Colonel J. C. - - 433 Scarlett, Sir James, afterwards Lord Abinger - - - . 433—434 Mordaunt, Sir John - - - 417 Morpeth, Lord (see Howard, Edward) Morpeth, Lord (see Howard, George) Scawen, Robert .... 434 Muncaster, Lord (see Pennington, Sir John, Bart.)

Scott, Sir William, Bart., of Ancrum 434 Senhouse, Humphrey - - 434—435 Muncaster, Lord (see Pennington, Lowther) Seymour, William - - - - 435 Musgraves, The - - - 417 — 418 Seymour, Lord Percy - - - 435 Stanhope, James, afterwards Viscount Musgrave, Sir Richard, of Hayton - 418 Stanhope - - - - 435—436 Musgrave, Sir Philip, Bart., of Edenhall 418—420 Stanhope, Walter Spencer - 436 — 437 Musgrave, Sir Christopher, Bart 420—422 Stanley, Edward - - - . 437 Stanwix, Brigadier Thomas - 437 438 Musgrave, Philip - - - - 422 Musgrave, Christopher - - - 422 Stanwix, Lieutenant-General John 438 439 Musgrave, Joseph - - - 422 — 423 Steel, John - 439 — 440 Musgrave, Sir Christopher, Bart. - 423 Musgrave, Sir Philip, Bart. - - 423 Stephenson, Rowland - - - 440 Steward, George, Viscount Garlies, after- Musgrave, George - - - 423 wards Earl of Galloway - - 440 Musgrave, Sir Philip, Bart. - 423—424 Steward, Randolph, Viscount Garlies, after- Norfolk, Duke of (see Howard, Charles, Earl of Surrey) Norton, Sir Fletcher, afterwards Lord wards Earl of Galloway - - 440 Storer, Anthony - - - 441 442 Strickland, Sir Thomas - - - 442 Grantley .... 424—426 Strickland, Sir William, Bart. 442 443 Norton, The Honourable Fletcher - 426 Norton, The Honourable Edward - 426 Surrey, Earl of (see Howard, Charles) Thanet, Fifth Earl of (see Tufton, The Nowell, Alexander - - - 426 Honourable Richard) O'Brien, Percy Wyndham, afterwards Earl of Thomond 426 Thanet, Sixth Earl of (see Tufton, The Honourable Thomas) CONTENTS.