A Narrative of Voyages and Travels, in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres: comprising three voyages round the world; together with a voyage of survey and discovery, in the Pacific Ocean and Oriental islands

Front matter

r // r / C / / / A NARRATIVE OJ VOYAGES AND TRAVELS, Of THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN HEMISPHERES : COMPRISINO THREE VOYAGES ROUND THE AVORLD; TOGETHER WITH a. VOYAGE OF SURVEY AND DISCOVERY, IN THB PACIFIC OCEAN AND ORIENTAL sSLANDS. BY AMASA DELANO. BOSTON : PWNTEB BY E. O. HOUSE, FOR THE AUTHOR. 1817. District ofMcu^^chusetts, to wit : DISTRICT CLERK'S OFFICE. BE IT REMEMBERED, thÆjmhe fifteenth day of January, A. D. 1817, and in t_^^^Ry-first year of the Independence ofthe Ubtited St____b of \vkhica, Amasa Delano, of the said District, '. posited in this Office the Title nf a Book, the right whereof he claims as Au thor, in the words following, ._ Wit .- " A Narrative of. 1 " __ i Pratfiela in the Northern and Southern I/emispheres, comprising Three Voyages round the World ; to gether with a Voyage of Survey and Discovery, in the Pacific Ocean and Oriental Islands.

Br Amasa Delaso." , Jnxonfornutr to the Act of Coxoffss ofthe Uftteh States, entitled " An Act fast the encouragement of Learning, by securing the Copies of Maps, Chartslfcrid Books, to the Authors and Proprietors of such Copies, during the times therein mentioned ;" and also to an Act entitled, " An Act supplemen tary to an Act, entitled, \n Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by secur ing" the Copies of Map», Charts and Books, to the Authors and Proprietors of such Copies dining the Times therein mentioned ; and extending the Benefit* thereof to the Art» of Designing, Engraving and Etching Historical and other Prints." ■m;a* o cuiiir ' Clerkof the District J of Massachusetts. CONTENTS.

Chapter I

Page. The building and launching of the ship Massachusetts— Major Shaw, - - i - - - - - - * -21 Eli Hayden — William Hackett — Daniel Briggs — The family of Briggs, ... 22 Remarks on building and loading ships, - - - - -23 Measurement of the Massachusetts, - - - - - 24 Job Prince Esq. vent as commander, ----- 25 The officers of the ship, ,-.--.-26 List of names, rank, fye. of the crew, ----- 27 Superstition of sailors — Moll Pitcher, - - - - - 30 Sailing of the Massachusetts for Canton, - : - - 32 Trouble caused by a false alarm given by one of the sailors, - 34 Variation of the compass, -------3ft Importance to know how to take lunar observations — Books and instruments necessary for an officer, ----- 36 Remarks upon the Javanese — Pigeon Island — Thomas French killed by falling front the main yard, - - - -37 Remarks upon Consuls, , ------ 38 Left Batavia, and arrived at Canton, ----- 39 Sale of the Massachusetts, an'- st of the crew, - - 40

Chapter II

Repairing a Daiiiih Ship at Canton, - - - - - 41 Parting with the ■ eras of the Massachusetts, - - - - CONTENTS. 4 Page Remarks upon the crew, .---.--42 Whampoa, description of - - ----- ib. Entering the English service, under commodore McClure, on a voyage of survey and discovery, - - - - • 43 Some description of the officers belonging to the expedition, - 44 Remarks upon the Typa, - - - - - - - -46 Macao Roads and Canton Bay, ------ 47 Change of th: Monsoons — the Typhon, - - - - ib. Babwyane Island, --------48 Expedition after gold ore, » - - - - ib- Being bitten by a centipede, ------ bt Port San Pio (fuinto — people of Luconia, - - - - ib. Going on shore after turtle, _-.... 54 Conspiracy of the boaitræain, - - - - - -55 Sailed for the Peiew Islands, ------ §7

Chapter III

Ann of the Pdezv Islands, - - - - - --58 Abba Thdle, king of the Pelew Islands, - - - - 59 Expedition to ArtingaU, ---.-.-60 The king's manner of treating his enemies, - - - - ib. Manner of conducting the expedition, - - - - - 61 Singular ireai '&• canoes under way, - - 62 Remarks v;>nr. the chiefs and people of ArtingaU, - - - 63 Pace concluded between the king and his revolted chiefs, - 64 Sixty women delivered as hostages to secure the peace, - - 65 Treatment of prisoners, - - - -- - -66 Striking iitstance of retribution, in the case of Madan Blanchcrd, - - - -- - - - - -67 Some remarks during a second visit to the Pelew Islands, - - 68 Arra Kooker, ---------ib Commodore McClure's plan of an establishment on the Pelew Islands, -------..69 Religion of the people of these islands, - - - - 71 Mar<ner of making choice of friends, - - - - , CONTENTS I Page.

Marriages, ...-----.73 Letter of Samuel Snook, lieutenant of the Panther, - - 74 Some remarks upon the Pelew Islands, of what took place after we were there, --------76

Chapter IV

Departure from the Pelew Islands, - - - - - 1% St. Stephens, Puh--',' js.toryt Manouaran, and Waygoo Islands, ib. Hostility of the natives of New Guinea, - - - - 79 Some remarks upon them, ------- SO Watering place at Manouaran Island, - - - - - 81 Revenge Straits — Butanta Shoal, ------ ib- Animals and birds of JVew Guinea, and adjacent islands, - 82 Sago tree, description of, - - - - - - -83 Savage Town, .-.-----.84 Passage to the Spice Islands — Bouro Islands, - - - 86 Arrival at Amboyna, -.---..-87 Description of the nutmeg — Dr. Hoffman, - - - 88 Inlwbitants of Amboyna, -------89 Sailed for New Guinea — McClur e's Inlet, - - - - 91 Battle with the natives, Dr. Nicholson killed, # - - - 92 Unsuccessful attempt to get water at Cut-throat Creek, - - 97 Fresh-water-bay, --------98 Remarks upon New Guinea, ------ 99 North coast of New Holland, - - - - - -102 / Arrival at Timor, - -. - - - - - -103 Remarkable instance of a boat arriving therefrom New South Wales, 104 Description of Timor, - - - - - - - 106

Chapter V

The expedition under the command of lieutenant Bligh, in his Britannic Majesty's ship Bounty, to Otaheite, - - -111 Lieutenant Bligh's account of the mutiny which happened on board the Bounty, headed by Fletcher Christian, - - - 113 Names and stations of che crew of the Bounty, - - - 1 1 CONTENTS. 6 Page. Captain Edwards' account of his voyage in the Pandora in search of the Bounty, - - - - - - -119 Captain Mayhew Folger's letter to the Lords of the Admiralty, giving an account of the settlement on Pitcairn's Island, - 126 Sir George Staine's letter on the same subject, - - - - 127 r,, Island, discovery of, ..... 135 Letter from captain Folger to the author, - - - - 137 Particulars of captain Folger's landing on Pitcairn's Island, 139

Chapter VI

Reflections on the history of the Bounty, and settlement on Pitcairn's Island, - - - - - - - -146

Chapter VII

Passage from Timor to Bencooien — Christmas Island — Governor of Padang, - - - - . - - - -152 Pulo Bay — Bencooien Roods — Rat-Island-basin, description of, 154 of Sumatra, - - - - - - - -156 Batavia, arrival at, and description of the city, - - - 157 Mosques of the Malays, ----.,. u,Q A tom-tom, described, --...._ 161

CHAPTER MIL

Passage from Batavia through the Straits of Billiton, - - 162 Borneo Island — Navigation on its coast — Mountains and productions. - - - - - - ' - -163 B""ch-le^mar,or Swalloo, - - - - - ■ - - 164 Philippine Islands, - - - - - - -.-165 City of Manilla — its inhabitants. ______ jgg "Remarks on a passage through the Snnloo Sea, - 167 Balair.bangan — Inhabitants — .Monkeys — Harbour — BanguaPeak Balabac, ---_--___ jgg Cogayan^Sooloe~—To-!3:ei>T<rs.'te, - - - - - -189 CONTENTS. 7

Chapter IX

Psg*. Description of the island and town of Sooloo, - - - 171 Going on shore at Sooloo, by the assistance of an old Moor, who was a subahdar in the Sultan's guard, with the circumstances attending the enierprize, -' - - - - -176 Thn commodore and officers invited by the sultan lo go on shore, 178 Tiie Sultan's Seraglio, - - - - - - -179 Alexander Dalrymple Esq, some mention of, - - - - 181 A voyage to Sootoo might be profitable, - - - - - 182

Chapter X

Passage from Snoloo through ihe sea of Celebes, - - - 183 Gilolo — Mortay — Waygoo, --,.... 184 Second visit to the Pelew Islands, - - - - - -186 Smne further remarks on the inhabitants — Abba Thulle — Arra Kooker — Raa Kook, - - - - - - -187 Description of their canoes — tarra-root — swalloo, - - - 191 Passage from Pelew to Canton, - - - - - -196

Chapter XI

Difficulty between captain Stewart of the ship Eliza and the Chinese governtiti ■■*. - - - - - -Q - -196 Settlement with the English government for my two years services, 197 Soiled l from Canton in the Eliza.for Ozlend, - - - ib. Treachery of the Malays, - - - - - - -198 Ar foal at ihe hie (>f France, - - - - - 199 Remarks upon the inhabitants, and the effects produced by the revolution in Fra ■■ - - - - - - - 200 Reflections upon praiateering, ---._. 203 Number of inhabitants in the Isle of France, . . . 205 _5r_or*U of Bourbon, description us, ..... ifji CONTENTS- 8

Chapter XII

Page. tatsagi . the Me of France to Bombay-Hurricane, -208 .,;— Seychelles bank, 209 Remarks upon the loss of the ship Commerce, captain fohnson, on the codst of Arabia Felix, - 21 1 I at Bombay, Description of Bombay— Productions, commerce, inhabitants, 4rc. 212 Cabra-di-capello, and cobra-manilla, ■ - - - 217 • on of, - ' - nds of Elephanta and Sahette, curiosities of, - - 218 CHAPTER Xill. Passage from Bombay to Calcutta, -.".•.-..'- Coa ssof Malabar— Goa— Mr. Wedgborough, - - - 2?1 Tillidurry— Calicut— (tape Comorin, Island of Ceylon, description of, - Coast of Coromandel, - - - - - 229 Power of the Priests, and singular method of deciding guilt ■ 0i.f. by chewing rice, Tranquebar— Pondicherry— Pagodas — Madras, - Difficulties in entering the river Hoogly, - - - 252 Bore of the tide — Arrival at Calcutta, - - - - 233

Chapter XIV

Description of Bengal, - ... - 5.57 Its productions, animals, commerce, and inhabitants, - - 238 Calcutta, description of, - - 239 Fort William — the tank of Calcutta, .... 341 Water of the Ganges, tiie properties which the natives believe it lo possess, 242 Custom of women being burnt with their deceased husbands, 24-3 Different casts among the Hindoos, - - . - CONTENTS. 9 Page. River Hoogly, description of, - - - - , - 247 Famous black hole at Calcutta, ----- 248 Serampore— -Chandenagore — Chinsurah — Bay of Bengal, 249 Les t Calcutta in the ship Three Brothers,for Philadelphia, 250 Arrival home, with reflections, ----- 252 Remarks on building and fitting out ships, - - - 253

Chapter XV

Departure from Boston in the ship Perseverance, - -257 St. Paul'sRocks — Fernanda J\Toranha, - - - - 258 Falkland Islands — North-west-harbour, - - - - 259 Description of birds on the Falkland Islands, - - - 261 Manner in which these birds form their rookeries, - 363 Coast of Patagonia, and Terre del Fuego, - - 264 Port Famine, some description of, - - - - - 265 Straits of Magellan — Staten-Land, . - - - - - 269 Passage round Cape Horn, - - - - - - 271 Islands Diego Romirez, - - - - - 273

Chapter XVI

Arrival on the coast of Chili, - 274 Description of the coast — Baldivia, — Conception—Valparaiso — Coquimbo — and the island of Chiloe, - - 275 Island of Mocha, -------- qjQ Kingdom of Chili, remarks on, - ZT7 Port of Talcoquana— Remarkable account of two English whale ships, - - -- - - - - 280 Vancouver's description of the harbour of Valparaiso, - 283 Subject of killing whales— -Daring attempt to kill one, - 288 Account of if. i . leath of captain Howe, - 290 Customs and manners of the inhabitants of Chili, - - 292 Their manner of treating prisoners, - 296 Action betweet the ship Vulture, captain Thomas Folger and a Spanish ship— Rising of the Spaniards on board the prize ship, and putting the Englishmen to death, - 279 Harbour of Coquimbo — The Andes, ----- 299 Affair of the English privateer Antelope, - - - S01 CONTENTS. 10

Chapter XVII

Page Description of Massa Fuero, ------ 304 Account of the manner of killing seals on this island, and the method of skinning and preparing the skins, - 306 Description of Juan Fernandez— Robinson Crusoe, - - 308 Attempt to land on Juan Fernandez to procure refreshments, 309 Island of St. Maria, description of, - - - - - - 31S The glow wot m found here, - - - - - - 316 Town of Arruco, and tlie river on. the main, - - - 317

Chapter XVIII

Particulars of the capture of the Spanish ship Tryal, at the Island of y- . Jrf'iria, - -.-'-. 318 Remarks on the crew of the Perseverance at the time of the capture of the Tryal, ------- 320 Particulars of the capture of the Tryal, - - - 326 Arrival at Conception with our prize, - -329 Official Documents of the intendency at Conception, - - 332 Letter from the Marquis de Case Yruso — The answer, - - 351 Letter from Don Juan Stoughtc i -wer, - - - 358

Chapter XIX

Description of the island of St. Felix, - - ' - 354 St. Ambrose and Easter Island, ------ 355 Account of the discovery of Pilgrim Island, ... 357 General description of the kingdom of Chili, its boundaries, pro- <i», manners, and customs of its original inhabitants, S,-c. 360 Nasca, --------- 3g7 Passage from Massa Fuero to the Gallipagos Islands, - - 368

Chapter XX

Gallipagos Islands— Stephen's Bay— Captain Colnett's description of it,' -.■-.- '• ,-■-.__.'_,' »g« Chatham Island, description of, ----- Hood's hi, 1 ; ig on it, with a description, - -371 Charles's Island, description of its soil and trees— Settlement on it by an Irishman, ------.. CONTENTS. 11 Page. James's fioy, anchored in it and found two Spanish brigs, prizes to the English ship Henry of London, - - - - 37 J Captain William Watson, of the Henry, character of — Captain Anderson of the Castor and Polux, ----- 374 Description of James's Island, - - - - - - 375 Terrapin, or land tortoise, description of, - - - - ib. Manner of keeping them on board of a ship, their food, fye. - 377 The land guana, and sea guana, ------ 378 Lizards, snakes, and other reptiles, , - - - - - 379 The pelican — Singular manner of diving — Ring dove — Divers, 380 Directions for getting water at James's Island, - 381 Narborough Island, described, - - - * - - 3"2 Remarkable phenomenou,of a cloud charging a mountain with f Watering place at Albermarle Island, ----- 384 General remarks upon the Gallipagos Islands, ... 385

Chapter XXI

Passage to the Sandwich Islands, - - - - - - - 387 Owhyhee, description o/-, ------- ib. Tamahammaha, king of the Sandwich Islands.^ ... 388 Mowee described, -------- 389 Woaltoo anchoring place, ------- 390 Akrander Stewart, the king's natural son, taken away with me, 331 Difficulty caused by Stewart's mother, ----- 392 Small pox, inoculation with after arriving at Canton — Kine pock, 393 Alexander Stewart goes on board an English ikip—the boy named Bill, some -mention of, -' ... 394 George McClay, character of, ----- 395 394 General remarks on the Sandwich Llands, - - - - 396 Captain John Kendrick, - - - - - - - mOO Japanese found at Woahoo, taken up at sea, by captain Sole, - ib. Narrative of the Japanese, ■» 401 Latitude and longitude of some of the Sandwich Islands, - 403

Chapter XXII

Passage to Canton— Dir, v sailing through betteee 1 Ladrone L lands, -------- 404 ing the Straits of Formosa, ----- 4Qi CONTENTS. 12 Page Latitude and longitude, and bearings of the straits of Formosa, and Vela-rete rocks, - - - - - - . - 406 Directions for sailing into Canton Bay — Grand Lama Island, 407 hlal'd of Lintow — Necessa-ry to report at Macao and obtain a pilot and permit, before a ship can go up to Canton, - - 408 Z ections in going vp to Canton and manner of doing business, 409 Dutch Supercargoes — Japanese, how disposed of at Canton — Some remarks upon Japan, their manners, laws, and customs, - 411 Instance of a fisherman raising captain Stewart's ship at Nangasaqui, - - - - - - -'- -412 Sailing from Canton — Directions for making a passage from Canton to the United States, ------ 414 The Keeling or Coco Islands described, ----- 417 Directions in doubling the Cape of Good Hope, - - - 418 Necessary to go to the eastward of Bermuda, in making a port east of New York, - - . - - - -.419

CHAPTER XXIIL

Remarks upon fitting out and preparing for a voyage to the •i Sea and North West Coast of America, - - - 420 Reflections on leaving America on this voyage, ... 421 Danish schooner Experiment, from, Africa, spoken, - - - 423 Island of Trinidad described, ------ 424 Remarks upon the islands of Tristian de Cunha, - - ' - 425 Directions for a passage to the eastward of Van Dieman's Land, 427 King's Island described, ------- 428 Cape Barren — Kent's Bay — Banks's Straits, - - - - 430 Clark's and Preservation Islands, - - - - . 431 Lion and Penguin Islands — Sloop Rock — Latitude and Longitude of Kent's Bay, ------- 433 The Sisters — Flinder's Island — Storm Bay Passage, - -434 Harbour in Bass's Straits, ------- 435 Derwent River, --------- 437 Frederick Henry Bay, -------- 438 Settlement at the Derwent River, ---_.. 439 f.. her animals, birds and fish, description of -441 Swans — remarkable instance of sagacity in a Swan, - - 442 Interview with the natives of Van Dieman's Land, : - 44ft CONTENTS. 13 Page Captain Cook's account of these natives, - 446 rent of New South Wales by the English, - 448 Description of the birds, quadrupeds, fye. of New South Wales, - 45J

Chapter XXIV

Transactions at New Holland, Van Dieman's Land, and Bass's Straits, -'- - -- 466 Letter to the Governor of New South Wales, - - - . 461 Affray with the convict cast of men. headed by Morrill - '64 Return, of the Pilgrim from Sydney, - - - - - 465 Remarkable escape from drowning, ----- 4gg Departure from Basses Straits — Description of tbe Snares, - 472 Bounty Islands, description of, ----- 474 Passage across the South Pacific Ocean, - - - 1 - 476 Description of a bay on the coast of Peru, - 477 Arica, description of, -------- 479 Blow-hole Bay, 481 The bay and port of Pisco, ------- 482

Chapter XXV

Description of Callao, the port and citidal of Lima, - - 486 Account of old Callao, ------- 487 Road from Callao to Lima, ------ 488 Remarks upon Earthquakes, - - - - - - - 48.9 City of Lima, description of, - - - - - - 490 Vice Roy of Lima, - . - - - - - - 493 The Inquisition, some account of, ------ 495 Trial 1 rid punishment of a woman for heresy, . - - - 498 Particular description of the Inquisition, - - - . 497 Mint at Lima, description of, ----- • 498 Descriptio -i of the Churches i n Lima, - - - - - 503 Situation, trade, and productions of Lima, - - - 506 Remarks on pi isoners at Lima, ------ 510 General remarks on the kingdom of Peru, - - - -511 Number of inhabitants in Lima, ------ 518 Colleges — Meterological Statement, fye. - - - - - 519 Inhabitants of the kingdom of Pertr, - - - -52! CONTENTS- 14

Chapter XXVI

Page. Departure from Lima — Description of the Lobos Islands, - 524 Town of Paita — Gulph and town of Guayaquil — Point Helena — Town (A -er Turnkey ------- 528 Departure from the coast of Peru, - - - -529 Description of Wake's Island and F - - - - ib. Passage to Canton — Remarks upon the Chinese Empire, - - 530 Marriages among the Chinese, ------ 532 Marriage ceremonies among the Hindoos, ----- 533 Funerals ofthe Chinese and places of interment ofthe dead, - 534 Lord Macartney's embassy to China, ----- 535 Dutch embassy to China, description of, ----- 535 Foreign women not allowed to enter the Chinese empire, - - 5*40 Custom of Chinese women /having small feet, - - - - 54J

CHAPTER XXVIL

Departure from Canton, ------- 543 tarticulars and description of the Cape of Good Hope, • 544 Customs and manners of the inhabitants, .... 545 Method of travelling — Lion's Rump, ----- 548 Hottentots — Caffres — Bosgessmen, ----- 550 Animals, productions, and curiosities of the cape, - - - 556 ,1 .'",:■%. > Passage across the South Atlantic Ocean and arrival at Boston, 558 -»PTER XXVIII. 1 Remarks upon Embargoes and other commercial restrictions, - 561 Voyage to the Island of St. Bartholomews, - 562 The Perseverance seized by the government there, - - - 565 Main's her escape and runs out by the batteries, - - . 566 Description of the manner of effecting the enterprizc, - -570 Passage home, --------- 571 Hurricane, ------...

Preface

. jLN preparing this book for the public, I have had several objects in view. The principal one was the hope and belief that a large part of the information, which it contains, would be new and interesting to the community. In regard to the Oriental Islands particularly, remarks are made, anecdotes are told, customs are described, and principles and traits of character among the natives are brought to light, which, I trust, my readers will find worthy of their attention. Having kept journals of my voyages and travels, which were made at the time minute and full upon whatever was extraordinary, and being satisfied that the publication of what I had seen and experienced would be useful, especially to seamen, I also desired to employ and amuse my mind ia this work, and to

PREFACE.

16 spend, in a rational and profitable manner, a number of months which might otherwise have been left a prey to melancholy and painful meditations. I es teem it an occasion of peculiar gratitude to Provi dence when a man, depressed in his spirits, can fall upon a mode of beguiling his sadness which is equal ly reasonable and useful in regard to the community, and at the same time agreeable and reputable in re gard to himself. My friends too were solicitious that I should draw up this narrative, and give it to the press. It is hop ed that their partiality will not be greatly mortified b,y the compliance with their advice, and the respect to their opinions, which I have here shown. No sea man from the United States has enjoyed the same op portunity for observation and discovery in the Eastern Ocean, which was afforded to me by the voyage I made with commodore McClure.

My remarks upon the navigation along the coast of New Holland, Van Dieman's Land, New Zealand, and round Cape Horn, will also be new to my readers, and I am confident, of great real value. Although I have to regret that my book is not better, I trust that my countrymtn will find it containing information and exhibting a. spirit, of which, notwithstanding its faults, they need not be ashamed. There are many suggestions made in it on the various subjects connected with ship buil ding, with practical navigation, with the managemeat

PREFACE.

. 17 of crews, with the conduct of seamen on shore and in port, and with the dutie of owners and masters, which I am confident are deserving of the notice, re collection, and attention of persons employed in these departments of life. It was also thought expedient to intreduce such information concerniug the places Avhich I visited, as might render the book interesting and instructive to landsmen, and as should give me an opportunity to offer my sentiments, as they occured, upon various topics in morals, condition, and char acter. In undertaking this work, I was aware of the diffi> culties which I should have to encounter, in conse quence of my want of an early and academic education, although I have always seized every possible oppor tunity during my whole life for the improvement of my mind in the knowledge of useful literature and those sciences that are immediately connected with the pursuits to which I have been professionally devo ted.

My efforts have not been without success ; and I have been often employed in giving instructions to midshipmen, other subordinate officers, and sea men, in mathematics, astronomy, and navigation. — - These difficulties therefore were not greater in regard to me than they have been in regard to many other voyagers and travellers, who have very proper ly and usefully employed their pens in writing accounts of their observations and discoveries for the

PREFACE.

. 18 public. I wished this narrative to have my own char acter, sentiments, and manner, subject only to such a revision by some of my friends, before the manuscript went to press, as would free it from any gross errors in grammar, and peculiar obscurity in the con struction ef the sentences. I know that the book is unequally written, that the order is not always as happy as ii might have been, that the facts and observations are miscellaneously presented to the reader, and that sometimes those belonging to the same subject are separated from each other at too great a distance. The nature of the narrative is such as to render it of necessity miscellaneous in a high degree, but the considerable defects in point of arrangement have ariseu, not merely from my inexperience in the business of book-making, but from the fact that the press was set to work before my manuscript was re vised, the sheets were printed as fast as they were prepared, and information sometimes came in, after its proper place was occupied with other matter.

I do not attempt to justify this; I only desire to record most sincere regret for the existence of those circumstances which have compelled me to carry my book *lirough the press in this manner. My manuscript was very nearly completed for the whole work before it was offered to any one for cor rection. It has undergone no alteration in respect to the facts, the general, arrangement, the matter introduced, or the spirit and tenor of the sentiments and

PREFACE.

. 19 reflections. Although I am but little qualified to ap pear before the. public in this way, yet the responsibility of every thing in the book, where credit is not given, is entirely my own. A number of my friends have been successively employed lo revise the differ ent parts of the manuscript, and in consequence of this, the style is in a degree varied according to the several hands. In the first part o my narrative, that which is included iu the period when I was with McClure, the reflections are the most numerous, as I made them the most frequently myself in the narrative, and the thoughts were considerably filled out in the correction of the sheets for the press. The names are spelled differently in different books. The orthography in this work L supported in every instance by some printed authority.

The three plates I have procured in addition to the original design, without any addition to the terms and ex pense contemplated in the prospectus. The whole is written with a spirit of independence, without wound ing the feelings, as I trust, of any good man. Per haps my remarks may sometimes appear to pay too little deference to popular prejudice. I hope howev er, that what I have always felt may always appear in my expressions, and that is a uniform respect and attachment to all the|good and generous qualities of our nature, and an unaffected veneration for the laws of Providenee and the principles ot true religion.

PREFACE.

. 20 It may be considered by some of my readers that I have been at times too minute in giving details in this narrative concerning officers and crews, the manner in which they were treated, and the attention paid to their effects after their death. But notices of this kind are valuable to the cause of morality and humanity, and will help, I trust, to stimulate others to do the same things for their fellow men which are recommended here. What I have neglected myself, and what I have seen deficient in other commanders of vessels, have led me to make such remarks in the course of this work as T thought would be useful to the community, and particularlyto those who are called upon, not only for acts of justice, but for these of disinterestedness, at sea. «, It will be observed that the table of contents is made out very full in order to answer in some measure th* purpose of an index. NARRATIVE OF VOYAGES AND TRAVELS.