The Loyal People of the North-West ... Illustrated

Front matter

AZfa&zACcj. <^€TOr/<U^rtZ4/ j a wrn -yit-p jsdija Westlwn Bank Note i f ng.Co.Chicago £J ID _y j.Y'_L'_LiVI THE LOYAL PEOPLE OF THE NORTH-WEST, A RECORD OF PROMINENT PERSONS, PLACES AND EVENTS, DURING EIGHT TEARS OF UN PARALLELED AMERICAN HIS TORT. BY STELLA S. COATSWORTH, WITH AN Introductory Note BY REV. T. M. EDDY, D.D., LATE EDITOR OF "THE NORTH-WESTERN CHRISTIAN ADVOCATE, " AUTHOR OF 11 PATRIOTISM OF ILLINOIS," ETC. "The mystic cords of memory stretching from every battle-field and patriot grave to every heart and hearthstone in this broad land will yet swell the chorus of the Union when again touched, as they surely will be, by the better angels of our nature." — Abraham Lincoln. fllnstrafrb foit(j J'iiu JStttl 6irgrafrings. CHICAGO: CHURCH, GOODMAN & DONNELLEY, PRINTERS. 1869. T O U. S. GRANT, The Patriotic Citizen, the Brave, Unselfish Soldier, the Incorruptible Leader, the Tried, True Man, and Incomparable " General" AND THE PEOPLE'S PRESIDENT OF THE UNDIVIDED UNION, THIS VOLUME Is Respectfully Dedicated.

FIFTH EDITION OF "LOYAL PEOPLE." CONTAINING SEVENTEEN FINE ENGRAVINGS. From the New York Tribune we give the following notice of a popular book, by Stella S. Coatsworth, Chicago : This is a very handsome octavo volume of 400 pages, giving a graphic sketch of the late civil war in the United States, from the pen of a lady who was an eye witness to much of what she describes. Mrs. Coatsworth was the wife of a British Army Surgeon, who afterwards joined the United States Army ; she accompanied her husband through the war. With a grasp of thought which enables her to trace clearly the causes of the war, and to present its history in an attractive and intelligible shape, Mrs. Coatsworth has also the quick, womanly sympathies and subtle intuitions which give a writer the power to throw a charming interest around seemingly unimportant details.

The book is beautifully illustrated with fine steel engrav ings. From very many favorable notices which we have seen of "The Loyal People of the North-west," we give extracts of letters from well known personages : FROM GENERAL SHERIDAN. My Dear Madam: — I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your book, "The Loyal People of the North-west," which you had the kindness to send me, and have found in it many historical facts of great interest, much interesting personal narrative and statistical information. The engravings are very fine, the book well got ten up, evincing great ability in the subject matter, and good taste in the execution by the publisher. "With sincere thanks for your politeness and consideration, I am, respectfully vour obedient servant. P. H. SHERIDAN, U. S. A. FROM EX-GOVERNOR OGLESBY.

Chapter I. Grant And Peace

Presidential Inauguration of General U. S. Grant — First Ceremonies of the day — Telegraphic congratulations from Berlin — Vice President Colfax — Assembling — The start. Grant calm as ever — Generals Grant and Rawlins enter a Phæton— The band strikes up, " Hail to the Chief" — The President Elect passes with uncovered head — Immense shouts of applause — Throng excels any thing ever seen. At the Capitol — Senate Procession — On the Platform. Mrs. Gen. Grant — Mrs. Gen. Dent — 'Miss Nellie and Masters Fred and U. S. Grant — The Oath taken — Booming cannons — Inaugural Address — How it is received — A Happy Incident — Little Nellie is passed over the crowd to her Father — Love of the American people for U. S. Grant — Lessons to young men — What Motley says — Mrs. Stowe says — New men God's men — Grant's nativity — Collegiate course — Rural life — War came — The Soldier's blood was stirred — He enters the service — The stern fact, he Won — Grant's genius, courage, knowledge of men — Sherman — Sheridan — Chicago Convention — Campaign — " Peace and a Peacemaker" — Grant's record above eulogy — A country's gratitude — His work in our Republic — Grant in his own State — Tennyson on the Iron Duke . Page

Chapter II. The Purport Of The Book

Our War: its magnitude; its sphere of humanities — Austro-Italian war — Our Relief Societies — No precedent. CONTENTS. Appropriate that a rapid Sketch of the War be given in this work — Accepted History — Nothing succeeds like success — The apple of Sodom nipped in the bud — Douglas and Lincoln — The South divided to elect Lincoln — War the result . ..... . Rage 42

Chapter III. Prosecution Of The War

North and South — Defence of War — Right of Secession — Echoes of Lincoln's voice — Port Sumter — Its Siege — It8 Fall — Diplomacy ended — War inaugurated — Uprising of the North — First Sunday in Chicago — Ready volunteers — New York — The voice of each State, "On to Richmond" — England recognizes the Rebels — Southern Expedition — General Sherman — General Grant's first battle — His soldierly qualities — Grand Review of 100,000 men in Virginia — McClellan's " Short, sharp, decisive war" . . . . . . Rage 51.

Chapter IV

A PEACE-LOVING PEOPLE. Loyal Ladies — Beautiful Girls — Battle Flags — Cupid rallied — Entree to the Army — Streets running with the blood of War — Bridge of Sighs — En Route — The Sisters — Mrs. Porter — Picket-duty on the Train — Bird's Point — Cotton Fields — Col. Bird's Plantation — 1,000 acres each — Sunrise on the Mississippi — "Dat's hisself, sure, when he's well" — Fort Holt. Dr. Bringhurst — A Perilous Passage — Past Danger — Pleasant Memories . Page 72

Chapter V. Camp Life

Around the Pickets — Evening Dress Parade — Bayonets Tempered in the rays of the setting Sun — Next day's Bloody Work — Lights and Shades — Heavy Fogs — Funeral Dirge — Sunset on the Brine — Ten Little Mounds — The First Burial — Grand Review on the Point CONTENTS. 87 101 119 — Christmas and Sun Shades — Grant and Rosecrans — A Brace of Pistols scare three Gunboats — New Year's in the Camp— Hotel De Louvre— Col. Oglesby's Cook —Five Serenades — Joy and hilarity — Dr. Aigner, of New York — First Rebel ball— Battle of Fort Henry - Page

Chapter VI. On To Donnelson

"On to Donelson" — Desolate Camp — Kindness of Mrs. Col. Erwin — Her intended trip " up the Cumberland" — Col. Erwin's death — Adieu to the Point — Trip to Donelson — Beautiful Cumberland — The Sound of Cannon — The Contest — The Victory — The Wounded and Dying — Night upon the Battle Field — General Grant on the Field — Trophy Gatherers — Moss-covered Well — My Wild Flowers — Dr. Stearns — Governor Wood — Governor Matteson — Dr. Turner and Lady — Dr. Aigner, of New York — Miss Hadley — Return to Paducah . Rage!

Chapter VII. Central Hospital

Court-House of Paducah : Its appearance — Wounded of Donelson — Kissing the Little Blossom — My first day's work. —A call from the 22nd Regiment — Worst load of Wounded Patients relight their Battles — Executioner's task — " This seems like Italy and my Home — Innumerable Duties. Citizen Nurses — Qualities of a good Nurse — Confessional of Central Hospital — "Lock and Letter" — A Slave's Accomplishments — Hurry from the Master — " Sure you kin save me "—Negro-hunting up Chimney — Mattie's Escape. ....... Rage

Chapter VIII. Closing Labors Of Central Hospital

One whole Afternoon in Slave-hunting — Wounded in the back — Arm a " little bit smashed" — No good till we came here — " Sister, will you pray for me?" — Death-bed confession of a Guerilla — A benediction to his sweetheart CONTENTS. — A Scare — A touching Adieu to the Amputated Arm — " God and my Country" — " Grant and Victory" — Bou quet of Roses, with Compliments of Illinois Cavalry — Mrs. Gen. Wallace — Chicago sends Dr. Coatsworth a Corps of Nurses — Captain Ralph Fields — Dr. T. R. Austin — Mrs. Dr. Hamilton — Rebecca Woodward — Mrs. Col. Noble — Mrs. Dr. Wardner . .... Page 136

Chapter IX. Mrs

GENERAL W. H. L. WALLACE. Her Nativity — Early acquaintance with Mr. "Wallace — Mexican War — Judge Dickey — He and Student join the War — Safe Return — Happy Union — War of 1861 — " The Oaks." — Col. Wallace's Regiment — Merited Promotion — Battles he Fought — Mrs. Wallace visits the field — Gen. Strong — Affecting Incident — Battle of Shiloh — Gallant lead of Wallace — Seven kinsmen in the Battle of that day — Wallace falls — His Division reels — The Enemy takes the ground — Crushing truth is told his Wife — Cyrus Dickey —Wallace Recovered — He still Lives — Last Hours — Interesting Letters from Mrs. Wallace — Judge Dickey and his Family — Costly Ransoms — A Present to Mrs. Wallace from Citizens of Ottawa — Mrs. Wallace at Home ........ Page 153

Chapter X. Battle Of Corinth And Marine

Middle of May — Mocking-bird and Thrush — Onward and Upward — Halleck's Orders — Hoot-Owls and Minie'- Rifles — Poetic sense of Life — " Sacred to the Memory of" — General Grant's Tenacity, and Rapidity of Action — Grant and Illinois — Col. Dickey — A Succession of Battles from April 30th to May 30th — A Soldierly Pursuit — General Grant thanks the Army — President Lincoln congratulates General Grant — Shelling the Tent — Search among the Dead — Resignation . . . Rage CONTENTS.

Chapter XI. Lieut

GENERAL P. H. SHERIDAN AND THE BATTLE OF STONE RIVER The Eighty-Eighth Regiment, Illinois — Its Noble Commanding officers — Its Course on Leaving Chicago — Stone River — Preparations for Battle — Plan of Attack — Battle opens — Rosecrans and Sheridan — Palmer's Bravery — Desperate Engagement — Great Loss of life — Council of War — Fresh Attack — Hand to Hand Fight — The Enemy Routed and Flees — The Enemy's Winter Quarters — A Journey to Stone River — Besieging the Post Office — Desolate Journey — Load of " Feds " captured by Geurrillas — Flight in the Forest — My Husband's Coffin — A Warning — Heroic Young Soldier — Our Return — The Brave Eighty-Eighth at the Battle of Stone River — Its Resolutions on the Death of Coatsworth — Chicago Medical Fraternity — A Noble letter from the Eighty-Eighth Regiment ....... Page 176

Chapter XII

Emancipation Proclamation of Abraham Lincoln, and a Letter from him Explaining his Reasons for Making this Proclamation .... Rage 205

Chapter XIII

grant and victory. Surrender of Lee — Fall of Richmond — Sherman's Christmas Gift — Memorable April — Rebellion closed — Grant sends for Sheridan — The Little Hero — Sherman to the Sea — Closing Events — General Grant's kindness to the Vanquished — Correspondence between Lieutenant-General Grant and Major-General Lee — Terms of Surrender Joy of the People — Great Demonstrations . Pace 210

Chapter XIV

assassination of president LINCOLN. April 14th — Mr. Lincoln's Kindness towards the Rebels — Ford's Theatre — Booth's plan — No excuse for the crime CONTENTS. — Seward Stabbed — Stanton laid in wait for — Grant's noble treatment of Lee — Lincoln's entrance to Richmond — Effect of the Assassination on the People — Illinois demands his remains — Funeral Route — Arrival in Chicago — Rest at the Court-House — Deposited at Springfield — Grant is coming, and the People are consoled . Rage 217

Chapter XV

history of the great sanitary fair. Funds at a low ebb — Fair best means of raising them — Mrs. Loomis — Mrs. Hoge — Mrs. Livermore — Mr. Blatchford — Hon. T. B. Bryan — Hon. Mark Skinner — Mr. McCagg — First Meeting — Organization — " Voice of the Fair" — Mr. Andrew Shuman -^ Building — Reception of Goods — Indian Costumes — Inauguration and Procession — Fair opens by a Speech from Governor Oglesby — First Evening — Union Hall — Farm House — Bryan Hall — Temple — Platform — Foreign Department — Letter from B. F. Taylor — Miss Snow — Judge Bradwell and Lady — Dr. Tiffany — Return of Veterans— Close of Fair. Page 229

Chapter XVI

incidents of the fair. Interesting Letter from General Grant — He presents his War Horse to the Fair — Description of " Jack " — Lincoln Catafalque — Implements of Chivali^ — Jeff. Davis' Bell — Jeff. Davis' Dress — Lincoln's Log House — General Grant at the Fair — Salute of One Hundred Guns on his Arrival — Wild Enthusiasm — Grant at Union Hall — Grant at Church in Chicago — Other Churches come in and file down one aisle and up the other to see Grant — The great Hero at Bryan Hall — Hon. Judge Bradwell — " General, these girls are dying to kiss you." " Well, I don't see any of them trying to do it " — Grant at the Board of Trade — Grant at New England Farm-House — Grant requested to thrust a Carving-Knife in a big Squash — Its Seeds sold for Twenty-five cents each — Cæsar's ovation out-Cæsared. Page CONTENTS.

Chapter XVII. Biographical

Hon. Richard J. Oglesby, Ex-Governor of Illinois. Major-General Thomas 0. Osborne, Grand Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic . Rage 275

Chapter XVIII. Chicago And Her Influence

In God's World great Institutions Grow — Progress and Climate of Chicago — Spirit of her Inhabitants — Her Grain and Pork Markets — Success the test of Genius — First Shipment of Wheat — Statistics — Her Railroads — Her Political Convictions — Would such a Practical City go to War? — Her Pulpit — Her Press: "Tribune," " Times," "Journal," "Republican," " Staats Zeitung"— Rev. Dr. Eddy — " Christian Times," Mary Ashton Livermore — " Independent" — Board of Trade — Express Companies — Railways — The War built Churches, Schools, and Charitable Institutions — A future War shall not blush at Chicago's Record in the War of 1861 . Rage 286

Chapter XIX

Governor Wm. Bross. Mrs. Judge James B. Bradwell. Mr. William D. Trumbull Travis. Biographic Page 305

Chapter XX. Soldiers' Home Of Chicago

Its Origin — First Meeting of its Founders — Old Mansion House, 45 Randolph Street — Number of Meals taken during First Year — Expediency of Furnishing Meals — Necessity of a Permanent Home — The Baldwin Property — Fair View — Location and Valuation of Home — Its Presidents — First, Second and Third — Its present Board of Directors — Mrs. Sanford — Mrs. McAuley — General White — Gen. Beveridge, and others — Mrs. Livermore — National Homes , . Rage CONTENTS. 13

Chapter XXI

Mrs. Henry Sayrs — Mrs. General James A. Mulligan — Hon. T. B. Bryan — Biographical . . Page 331

Chapter XXII

soldiers' fair of Chicago. Treason at Home — The Soldiers' Call — The Generals — 0. L. Mann — M. R. M. Wallace — His Honor, Mayor Rice — — Gen.R.W. Smith — Gen. Davis — Dr. Swazey — Elder Boring — Gen. T. 0. Osborne — Judge Bradwell — Skating Rink — Mrs. General Smith — Sweet Rebecca — General White — Col. Whittlesey and Lady — Mrs. Mulligan — Closing Day — Receipts — Omnibus Booth — Mrs. General Beveridge — Mrs. Judge Bradwell — Col. John L. Thorne — Mrs. Sarah Thorne Davison — Capt. B. F. Davison — Rev. Dr. Patterson — Rev. Dr. Eddy — Dr. Coatsworth's Army Journal — Mrs. General Frank Sherman . . Rage 351

Chapter XXIII. Biographical

Hon. Wm. B. Ogden — Alderman S. I. Russell — Dr. John F. Starr — Hon. N. B. Judd . . Page 363

Chapter XXIV

the graves of the soldiers — floral decorations. A National Tribute — May 30th, 1869 — The Gift of a Flower the Truest Pledge of Friendship — Strangers Remembered with the Home Born — Observance of the Day by Gen. John A. Logan — Response of the People — Three Days Devoted to the Ceremonies — Arlington Heights — General Lee's old Home a Federal National Cemetery — Decoration Ceremonies at Washington — President Grant and Family attend them — Ceremonies at Chicago — May 29th — Library Hall — Miss Sheahan — Miss Drury — Miss Nellie Medill — Miss Pierce — Miss Lowe — Mrs. Henry Sayrs — Mrs. Sherman — Misses Ella and Lou CONTENTS. Sherman — Miss Norton and others — The U. S. Grant Guards — Grand Army of the Republic — Gen. Sheridan Guards — Gen. Sheridan and Staff — Hon. N. B. Judd — Gen. T. 0.

Osborne — Gens. Salomon, Me Arthur, Sheff ner, Stockton, Beveridge, Smith and Thompson — Rev. R. Collier's Address — A Soldier of the Revolution, Oak Wood — Gen. F. T. Sherman — Judge Jameson — Coatsworth's Grave ...... Page

Chapter I

" GRANT AND PEACE." Presidential Inauguration of General U. S. Grant, as seen by au Eyewitness — First Ceremonies of the Day — Telegraphic Congratulations from Berlin — Vice President Colfax — Assembling — The Start — Grant calm as ever — Generals Grant and Rawlins enter a Phæton — The Band strikes up " Hail to the Chief" — The President Elect passes with Uncovered Head — Immense Shouts of Applause — Throng excels any thing ever seen — At the Capitol — Senate Procession — On the Platform : Mrs. General Grant, Mrs. General Dent, Miss Nellie, and Masters Fred, and U. S. Grant — The Oath taken — Booming Cannons — Inaugural Address — How it is received — A Happy Incident: Little Nellie passed over the crowd to her Father — Love of the American People for U. S. Grant — Lessonc to Young Men — What Motley says — Mrs. Stowe says — New Men God's Men— Grant's Nativity — Collegiate Course — First Service — Rural Life — War came — The Soldier's blood was stirred — He enters the Service — The Stern Fact, he Won — Grant's Genius — Courage — Knowledge of Men — Sherman — Sheridan — Chicago Convention — Campaign — " Peace and a Peacemaker " — Grant's Record above Eulogy — A Country's Gratitude — His worth in our Republic — Grant in his own State — Tennyson on the Iron Duke.

Washington, March 4. — The day dawned, and the route along wliicb the procession was to pass was soon thronged with people. The first appearance of troops at headquarters was Company K, of the 55th United States cavalry. General Grant arrived shortly afterward. The following cable dispatch was placed in his hands : "March 4, 1869. — To President Grant, Washington: In honor of the man and the day, three cheers for the President. " By order of the members of the Berlin Exchange. " Fritz Meyer." Vice President Colfax reached headquarters shortly after ten o'clock, and went immediately to Grant's office. After a cordial greeting with the President elect and members of his Staff, he entered into a conversation with the gentlemen present on ordinary topics. In the meantime the troops and mili tary organizations began forming, and the crowd of spectators upon the streets grew more dense.

At precisely eleven o'clock, the Marshals entered headquarters. The troops were every where stationed at their proper posts. General Grant, calm and composed as ever in his life, came from the office, and entered his phæton, accompanied by Gen eral Rawlins. Vice President Colfax came next and entered the next carriage, accompanied by Admiral Bailey, of the navy. The members of the Staff of the General next entered the carriages, with the Committees of Congress, and of the different organizations present. As the procession started, the band struck up " Hail to the Chief." The regular and other troops were drawn up along the square, and came to a present arms as the carriage containing the President elect, with his head uncov ered, drove slowly along, while immense cheers rent the air on every side.

There were eight grand divisions in line — the first, under Colonel Wallace, and composed of Regu lars, escorting the President and Vice President elect ; second, the division composed of Volunteers, including two colored organizations; the third division was composed of prominent civil officers of the Goveminent, Foreign Ministers, the Grant and Colfax electors, officers of the army, navy, and marine corps, and the corporate authorities of this city and George town ; fourth, the division of the Republican political organizations of this place and elsewhere ; fifth, the division of Sailors' and Soldiers' Union, Grant and Colfax Clubs, the others composed of the United States Fire Department, and its visitors, and the city of Washington Fire Department and its visitors. Among prominent objects of attraction was a miniature ship, fully rigged and manned, and a printing press in operation.

The head of the parade having reached the Capitol, the President elect entered to take the oath, and deliver his inaugural address. The throng of human beings in front exceeded any thing of the kind ever before witnessed here. The procession was about one hour in passing a given point. After the organ ization of the new Senate, a procession was formed, and the occupants of the floor proceeded through the corridors and rotunda to the place indicated, in the following order : The Marshal of the Supreme Court ; the Chief Justice and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court ; the Sergeant-at-arms of the Senate ; the President elect, with the members of the Committee of Arrangements ; the Vice Presi dent and Secretary of the Senate ; the members of the Senate ; the Diplomatic Corps ; ex-members of the House of Representatives, and members elect to the Forty -first Congress ; heads of departments ; Governors of States and Territories ; Officers of the Army and Navy, and all other persons who had been admitted to the floor of the Senate.

In front of the portico, but about ten feet below — being on a level with the first landing place of the flight of marble steps, — had been constructed a platform, capable of accommodating, together with the steps, about five hundred or six hundred persons. It had a semi-circular front, which was covered with wreaths of evergreen. The national flag was also entwined with two of the columns supporting the pediment of the portico. On reaching the platform, the President elect took the seat provided for him, directly in front of the centre, — Vice President Colfax, and the Sergeant-at arms in charge of the ceremonies sitting on his right, and the Chief Justice, of the Supreme Court on his left. The Senate Committee of Arrangements were near at hand, and next in the rear, the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court all occupied seats on the left, and the members and Secretary of the Senate on the right.

The Diplomatic Corps were to have occupied seats next in the rear of the Supreme Court, but were not sufficiently alert to prevent themselves from being crowded into the background by the members of the House of Representatives and others who secured the foremost places remaining, which left the diplomatists to their chances with the officers of the army and navy, and others, on the steps and portico, where perhaps they fared better, being less crowded, and having a better view of the general scene. Though the atmosphere was damp, the weather seemed to have no chilling effect upon the general enthusiasm. The grounds opposite and the streets adjoining were packed with human beings. Mrs. Grant sat a little behind the General, accompanied by her sisters, Mrs. Sharp and Mrs. Casey, her sister-in-law, Mrs. General Dent, and her children, Jennie and Nellie, and Masters Fred, and U. S. Grant.

The shouts and bursts of music from a dozen bands subsided as the President elect and Chief Jus tice of the United States rose simultaneously, and the latter commenced, in clear and solemn tones, to recite the formula of the Presidential oath of office, which General Grant reverently took, when the boom of cannon and shouts of the vast multitude burst forth. GRANT'S INAUGURAL ADDRESS. Partial quiet haviug been restored, the President rose and proceeded to read from manuscript his inaugural address, as follows : " Citizens of the United States : Your suffrage having elevated me to the office of President of the United States, I have, in conformity with the Constitution of our country, taken the oath of office provided therein. I have taken this oath without mental reservation, and with the determination to do, to the utmost of my ability, all that is required of me.

The responsibilities of the position I feel, but accept them without fear. The office has come to me unsought. I com mence its duties untrammeled. I bring to it a conscientious desire and determination to fill it to the best of my ability and to the satisfaction of the people. " On all leading questions agitating the public mind, I will always express my views to Congress, and urge them accord ing to my judgment, and when I think it advisable I will exercise the constitutional privilege of interposing a veto to defeat measures which I oppose ; but all laws will be faithfully executed, whether they meet my approval or not. I shall on all subjects have a policy to recommend, but none to enforce against the will of the people. Laws are to govern all alike, — those opposed to, as well as those who favor them.

I know no method to secure the repeal of bad or obnoxious laws so effective as their stringent execution. " The country having just emerged from a great rebellion, many questions will come before it for settlement in the next four years, which the preceding administrations have never had to deal with. In meeting these, it is desirable that they should be approached calmly, without prejudice, hate, or sectional pride, remembering that the greatest good to the greatest number is the object to be attained. This requires security of person and property, and toleration for religious and political opinions in every part of our common country, without regard to local prejudice. Laws to secure these will receive my best efforts for their enforcement. " A great debt has been contracted in securing to us and our posterity the Union.

The payment of this, principal and interest, as well as the return to a specie basis, as soon as it can be accomplished without material detriment to the debtor class, or to the country at large, must be provided for. We must protect the national honor. Every dollar of the Govern ment indebtedness should be paid in gold, unless otherwise expressly stipulated in the contract. Let it be understood that no repudiator of one farthing of our public debt will be trusted in public place, and it will go far toward strengthening a credit which ought to be the best in the world, and will, viltimately, enable us to replace the debt with bonds bearing less interest than we now pay. To this should be added a faithful collection of the revenue, a strict accountability to the treasury for every dollar collected, and the greatest prac ticable retrenchment in expenditure in every department of the Government.

When we compare the paying capacity of the country now, with ten States still in poverty from the effects of war, — hut soon to emerge, I trust, into greater prosperity than ever before, — with its paying capacity twenty-five years ago, and calculate what it will be twenty-five years hence, who can doubt the feasibility of paying every dollar then with more ease than we now pay for useless luxuries ? " Why, it looks as though Providence had bestowed upon us the strong box — the precious metals locked up in the sterile mountains of the far West, which we are now forging the key to unlock — to meet the very contingency that is now upon us. Ultimately, it may be necessary to increase the facilities to reach these riches, and it may be necessary, also, that the general Government should give its aid to secure this access, but that should only be when a dollar of obligation to pay secures precisely the same sort of dollar to use now, and not before.

" When the question of specie payment is in abeyance, the prudent business man is careful about contracting debts pay able in the distant future. The nation should follow the same rule. A prostrate commerce is to be rebuilt, and all industries should be encouraged. The young men of the country — those who from their age must be its rulers twenty-five years hence — have a peculiar interest in maintaining the national honor. A moment's reflection as to what will be our com manding influence among the nations of the earth in their day, if they are only true to themselves, should inspire them with national pride. All divisions, geographical, political, aud religious, can join in this common sentiment. " How the public debt is to be paid, or specie-payment resumed, is not so important as that a plan should be adopted and acquiesced in.

A united determination to do, is worth more than divided counsel upon the method of doing. Legis lation upon the subject may not be necessary now, or even advisable, but it will be when the civil law is more fully restored in all parts of the country, and trade resumes its wonted channels. " It will be my endeavor to execute all laws in good faith, collect all revenues assessed, and to have them properly accounted for, and economically disbursed. I shall, to the best of my ability, appoint to office those only who will carry out this design. " In regard to a foreign policy, I would deal with nations equitably, as the law requires individuals to do with each other, and I would protect a law-abiding citizen, whether of native or of foreign birth, wherever his rights are jeopardized or the flag of our country floats.