Report on the Radiolaria Collected by H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-1876, Plates Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-76, Vol. XVIII

Report on the Radiolaria Collected by H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-1876, Plates Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-76, Vol. XVIII

Project Gutenberg has the other two parts of this work. First Part: First Part: Porulosa (Spumellaria and Acantharia) see http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44525. Second Part: Subclass Osculosa; Index see http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44526.

Transcriber's note:

A carat character is used to denote superscription: a single character following the carat is superscripted (example: g^2).

Some typographical errors in the printed work have been corrected. They are listed at the end of the text.

REPORT ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER DURING THE YEARS 1873-76

Under the Command of Captain George S. Nares, R.N., F.R.S. and the Late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, R.N.

Prepared Under the Superintendence of the Late Sir C. Wyville Thomson, KNT., F.R.S., &c. Regius Professor of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh Director of the Civilian Scientific Staff on Board and Now of John Murray One of the Naturalists of the Expedition

ZOOLOGY--VOL. XVIII.

PLATES

Published by Order of Her Majesty's Government

Printed for Her Majesty's Stationary Office and Sold by London:--Eyre & Spottiswoode, East Harding Street, Fetter Lane Edinburgh:--Adam & Charles Black Dublin:--Hodges, Figgis, & Co. 1887

Price (in Two Parts, with a Volume of Plates) £5, 10s.

REPORT on the RADIOLARIA collected by H.M.S. CHALLENGER during the years 1873-1876.

By ERNST HAECKEL, M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Zoology in the University of Jena.

PLATES.

CONTENTS.

PLATES 1-50. SPUMELLARIA. " 51-98. NASSELLARIA. " 99-128. PHÆODARIA. " 129-140. ACANTHARIA. MAP, SHOWING THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE RADIOLARIA.

PLATE 1.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order COLLOIDEA.

Family THALASSICOLLIDA.

Fig. 1. Actissa princeps, n. sp., × 300 13

The entire living Spumellarium. c, The spherical central capsule containing finely granulated protoplasm, which is radially striated in the cortical zone; v, spherical vacuoles enclosed by the protoplasm; n, the spherical nucleus in the centre; l, the concentric nucleolus; f, the radial pseudopodia which pierce the calymma or the (yellowish) jelly-envelope of the central capsule and arise from the granular sarcomatrix.

Fig. 1_a_. Half of the central capsule of another specimen, in which the original central nucleus is cleft into numerous small nuclei, × 400

Fig. 1_b_. Half of the central capsule of another specimen, filled up by flagellate spores, × 400

Fig. 1_c_. Eight isolated flagellate spores, × 800

Fig. 2. Thalassolampe maxima, n. sp., × 8 17

The entire living Spumellarium. c, The big spherical central capsule; a, the large alveoles filling the central capsule and surrounding a central nucleus; f, the pseudopodia piercing the extracapsular calymma.

Fig. 2_a_. The nucleus alone, with numerous nucleoli, × 30

Fig. 3. Thalassopila cladococcus, n. sp., × 20 17

c, The big central capsule; a, numerous large alveoles contained in the central capsule; k, oil globules, many of which are placed in the radially striped cortical zone; the nucleus placed centrally, is covered with numerous radial apophyses or cæcal sacs. f, The radially striped calymma.

Fig. 4. Thalassicolla maculata, n. sp., × 100 21

c, The central capsule; v, vacuoles filling this capsule; n, the central nucleus; l, the concentric nucleolus; g, the voluminous calymma, a small radial piece of which is only represented; a, the large alveoles; b, peculiar exoplasmatic bodies; p, black pigment in the inner zone; f, the retracted pseudopodia in the outer zone.

Fig. 4_a_. An exoplasmatic body, × 300

Fig. 4_b_, Vacuoles in the endoplasm, × 300

Fig. 5. Thalassicolla melacapsa, n. sp., × 300 21

n, The large nucleus; l, numerous small nucleoli inside the nucleus; v, the vacuoles filling up the central capsule and separated by black pigment; a, large alveoles in the calymma; k, oil globules; b, exoplasmatic bodies; f, the retracted pseudopodia in the outer zone of the calymma.

Fig. 5_a_. An endoplasmatic vacuole, resembling a cell, × 600

Fig. 5_b_. A piece of the central capsule, × 600

PLATE 2.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order BELOIDEA.

Family THALASSOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Lampoxanthium pandora, n. sp., × 120 38

The central capsule exhibits distinct pore-canals in its membrane, and a clear interval between this and the coagulated and vacuolated protoplasm. The central nucleus contains numerous dark nucleoli. The spicula are scattered throughout the alveolate calymma.

Fig. 2. Thalassoplancta brevispicula, n. sp. (vel Lampoxanthium brevispiculum), × 120 36

The central capsule contains numerous clear vacuoles, and in the cortical zone a layer of large oil-globules. The central nucleus includes numerous dark nucleoli. The calymma is alveolate. The spicula lie only in the cortical zone.

Fig. 3. Thalassoxanthium cervicorne, n. sp., × 300 33

The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and contains a large central nucleus, with a single nucleolus. The spicula surround the thin calymma.

Fig. 4. Thalassoxanthium cervicorne, n. sp., × 600 33

A single spiculum.

Fig. 5. Thalassoxanthium medusinum, n. sp., × 120 32

The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and contains on its cortical zone a layer of large oil-globules. The central nucleus contains numerous dark nucleoli. The calymma is radially striped, contains numerous small xanthellæ, and is surrounded by the spicula.

Fig. 6. Thalassoxanthium octoceras, n. sp., × 400 34

Three isolated spicula.

PLATE 3.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order COLLOIDEA.

Family COLLOZOIDA.

Fig. 1. Collozoum serpentinum, n sp (vel _Collophidium serpentinum_, Hkl), × 10 26

A living coenobium, with expanded pseudopodia. The spherical calymma (or the common jelly-mass of the colony) is alveolate and contains numerous cylindrical, serpentine, central capsules. Numerous yellow cells or xanthellæ are scattered between the radial pseudopodia in the periphery.

Fig. 2. Collozoum serpentinum, n. sp., × 50 26

An isolated, cylindrical, worm-shaped, central capsule, with an axial series of oil-globules; the red points are nuclei.

Fig. 3. Collozoum serpentinum, n. sp., × 150 26

An isolated, cylindrical, serpentine, central capsule. k, Oil-globules forming an axial series; n, densely placed, red-coloured nuclei;, c, the capsule membrane under which are scattered small black pigment spots in the colourless cortical zone of the endoplasm; a, extracapsular alveoles; x, xanthellæ or "yellow cells."

Fig. 4. Collozoum amoeboides, n. sp., × 100 28

A spherical coenobium or jelly-colony. Each amoeboid central capsule contains an oil-globule; the small red points are nuclei.

Fig. 5. Collozoum amoeboides, n. sp., × 400 28

c, A single isolated central capsule; n, nuclei; k, oil-globule.

Fig. 6. Collozoum vermiforme, n. sp., × 30 27

g, A spherical coenobium or jelly-colony; a, large alveoles, forming a cortical zone; c, central capsules; k, oil-globules.

Fig. 7. Collozoum vermiforme, n. sp., × 100 27

c, A single isolated central capsule; x, xanthellæ surrounding this central capsule; k, oil-globules; n, nuclei.

Fig. 8. Collozoum ellipsoides, n. sp., × 2 26

A spherical colony; the red points are central capsules.

Fig. 9. Collozoum ellipsoides, n. sp., × 150 26

c, A single isolated central capsule; k, oil-globules; n, nuclei.

Fig. 10. Collozoum inerme, Hkl., × 2 25

An old, cylindrical, articulated coenobium; the red points are centralcapsules.

Fig. 11. Collozoum inerme, Hkl., × 2 25

A young cylindrical coenobium; the red points are central capsules.

Fig. 12. Collozoum inerme, Hkl., × 400 25

A piece of a young colony with eight small central capsules, without oil-globules. n, The central nucleus in different stages of division. Two capsules are also dividing. x, Xanthellæ in the jelly-like calymma (blue), which also contains numerous vacuoles.

PLATE 4.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Orders BELOIDEA.

Families Sphærozoida.

Fig. 1. Sphærozoum trigeminum, n. sp., × 50 43

An annular colony. The main mass of the jelly-colony is filled up by large alveoles; the entire surface is densely covered with spicula, and beyond this skeleton-cover lie the spherical central capsules, each with an oil-globule. This species is by mistake not mentioned in the text.

Fig. 2. Sphærozoum alveolatum, n. sp., × 50 43

Section through a spherical colony; displaying the inside of a hemisphere. All the central capsules lie in a single stratum on the surface of the jelly-sphere, each being surrounded by a thick-walled alveole. The spicula lie between the alveole and the capsule, which includes a central oil-globule.

Fig. 3. Sphærozoum alveolatum, n. sp., × 400 43

A single central capsule, filled up by crystal-spores. Numerous geminato-radiate spicula and spherical xanthellæ lie between the capsule and the including thick-walled alveole. In the jelly-calymma, between the capsule and the alveole, numerous thin ramified pseudopodia are expanded.

Fig. 4. Sphærozoum geminatum, n. sp., × 400 45

A single central capsule, with a central oil-globule, surrounded by numerous spicula and spherical xanthellæ. The jelly-substance of the calymma is expanded between the points of the spicula.

Fig. 5. Sphærozoum variabile, n. sp., × 300 45

Three isolated spicula.

Fig. 6. Sphærozoum pandora, n. sp. (vel _Rhaphidozoum pandora_), × 300 49

A group of various spicula.

Fig. 7. Sphærozoum verticillatum, n. sp., × 300 44

A single spiculum.

Fig. 8. Sphærozoum arborescens, n. sp., × 300 44

A single spiculum.

Fig. 9. Sphærozoum armatum, n. sp., × 300 43

A single spiculum.

PLATE 5.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family COLLOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Trypanosphæra transformata, n. sp., × 150 111

A living colony. The centre of the spherical coenobium contains a large alveole, surrounded by a net of sarcode. The entire calymma is filled up by smaller, thin-walled alveoles. Its inner part contains numerous small, young, central capsules (each with an oil-globule) without shells; in the cortical zone of the calymma lie larger capsules, each of which is enclosed by a fenestrated shell with from two to four or more dentated tubes. Between the radiant pseudopodia very numerous small yellow cells (xanthellæ), which are scattered everywhere.

Fig. 2. Trypanosphæra transformata, n. sp., × 300 111

A single shell.

Fig. 3. Trypanosphæra coronata, n. sp., × 300 110

Fig. 4. Trypanosphæra trepanata, n. sp., × 300 110

Fig. 5. Odontosphæra monodon, n. sp., × 300 102

Fig. 6. Odontosphæra cyrtodon, n. sp., × 300 102

Fig. 7. Acrosphæra inflata, n. sp., × 300 101

Fig. 8. Mazosphæra hippotis, n. sp., × 400 108

Fig. 9. Mazosphæra lagotis, n. sp., × 300 108

Fig. 10. Pharyngosphæra stomodæa, n. sp., × 400 98

Fig. 11. Buccinosphæra invaginata. n. sp., × 500 99

Each shell contains numerous larger and smaller crystals.

Fig. 12. Tribonosphæra centripetalis, n. sp., × 500 98

Each shell contains numerous large crystals.

Fig. 13. Collosphæra polygona, n. sp., × 200 96

PLATE 6.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family COLLOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Siphonosphæra socialis, n. sp., × 500 106

A small piece of the surface of a living coenobium, seen from the surface. Only four individuals are visible, the central capsule of which contains numerous small nuclei and a central oil-globule. The including spherical lattice-shell is provided with a few (one to four) larger apertures, which are prolonged into short cylindrical tubules. Through these latter radiate bundles of fine pseudopodia, branching and anastomosing, and forming a fine sarcode network between the alveoles of the calymma. On the surface of the alveolated jelly-sphere the pseudopodia form a dense radiating zone. Xanthella or yellow cells are everywhere scattered.

Fig. 2. Siphonosphæra socialis, n. sp., × 300 106

A small coenobium or colony in the state of alveolation, forming a jelly-sphere, composed of a great number of capsulated individuals, densely aggregated. Each central capsule contains an oil-globule, and is enclosed by a spherical lattice-shell, which bears a few (one to four) short cylindrical tubules. Each shell is again enveloped by a membranous polyhedral alveole and separated from it by structureless jelly. The thick cortical jelly-envelope, which surrounds the whole spherical colony, exhibits a fine radial striation, produced by radiating pseudopodia; many xanthellæ or yellow cells are scattered in the calymma.

Fig. 3. Siphonosphæra pipetta, n. sp., × 300 108

Fig. 4. Siphonosphæra tubulosa, J. Müller, × 300 105

The central capsule, enclosed in the cavity of the shell, has a central oil-globule, and is surrounded by a few xanthella.

Fig. 5. Siphonosphæra chonophora, n. sp., × 300 107

Fig. 6. Siphonosphæra serpula, n. sp., × 300 107

Fig. 7. Siphonosphæra patinaria, n sp., × 300 105

The central capsule, enclosed in the cavity of the shell, contains a central oil-globule, and is surrounded by a few xanthella.

Fig. 8. Siphonosphæra patinaria, n. sp., × 300 105

Fig. 9. Siphonosphæra conifera, n. sp., × 300 106

Fig. 10. Siphonosphæra cyathina, n. sp., × 300 105

PLATE 7.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family COLLOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1 Caminosphæra dendrophora, n. sp., × 300 112

Fig. 2. Caminosphæra dichotoma, n. sp., × 300 112

Fig. 3. Coronosphæra diadema, n. sp., × 300 117

Fig. 4. Coronosphæra calycina, n. sp., × 300 117

Fig. 5. Otosphæra auriculata, n. sp., × 300 116

Fig. 6. Otosphæra polymorpha, n. sp., × 300 116

Fig. 7. Solenosphæra serpentina, n. sp., × 300 114

Fig. 8. Solenosphæra cornucopia, n. sp., × 300 115

Fig. 9. Solenosphæra ascensionis, n. sp., × 300 115

Fig. 10. Solenosphæra pandora, n. sp., × 300 113

Fig. 11. Solenosphæra pandora, n. sp., × 100 113

An entire spherical coenobium. The shells of the colony bear a variable number of fenestrated radial tubes and are densely crowded in the jelly-sphere of the calymma, the cortical zone of which is radially striped.

PLATE 8.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family COLLOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Acrosphæra echinoides, n. sp., × 400 100

Fig. 2. Acrosphæra collina, n. sp., × 300 101

Fig. 3. Chænicosphæra nassiterna, n. sp., × 400 103

Fig. 4. Chænicosphæra murrayana, n. sp., × 300 102

Fig. 5. Chænicosphæra flammabunda, n. sp., × 300 103

Fig. 6. Clathrosphæra circumtexta, n. sp., × 400 118

Fig. 7. Clathrosphæra arachnoides, n. sp., × 300 119

Fig. 8. Clathrosphæra lamellosa, n. sp., × 300 119

Fig. 9. Xanthiosphæra erinacea, n. sp., × 400 120

Fig. 10. Xanthiosphæra lappacea, n. sp., × 300 120

Fig. 11. Xanthiosphæra lappacea, n. sp., × 100 120

A complete spherical coenobium. The associated central capsules (each with a double shell) are densely crowded in the central part of the calymma, whilst its peripheral part is occupied by a layer of large alveoles. Numerous xanthellæ or yellow cells an scattered in the calymma.

PLATE 9.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order LARCOIDEA.

Family PYLONIDA.

Fig. 1. Monozonium alatum, n. sp., × 300 633

Dorsal view.

Fig. 1_a_. Apical view.

Fig. 2. Dizonium pleuracanthum, n. sp., × 400 636

Fig. 3. Dizonium stauracanthum, n. sp., × 300 636

Fig. 4. Trizonium tricinctum, n. sp., × 300 637

Dorsal view.

Fig. 4_a_. Lateral view.

Fig. 4_b_. Apical view.

Fig. 5. Amphipyle tetraceros, n. sp., × 400 642

Dorsal view.

Fig. 6. Amphipyle callizona, n. sp., × 300 644

Dorsal view.

Fig. 7. Amphipyle amphiptera, n. sp., × 300 642

Dorsal view.

Fig. 7_a_. Lateral view.

Fig. 8. Tetrapyle circularis, n. sp., × 300 645

Dorsal view.

Fig. 9. Tetrapyle pleuracantha, n. sp., × 400 646

Dorsal view. The lentelliptical central capsule is visible between medullary and cortical shell.

Fig. 10. Tetrapyle turrita, n. sp., × 400 649

Oblique view, half dorsal, half lateral.

Fig. 11. Octopyle stenozona, n. sp., × 400 652

Dorsal view.

Fig. 12. Octopyle sexangulata, n. sp., × 300 653

Dorsal view.

Fig. 13. Octopyle decastyle, n. sp., × 300 654

Dorsal view.

Fig. 13_a_. Lateral view.

Fig. 14. Pylonium quadricorne, n. sp., × 400 655

Dorsal view.

Fig. 15. Tetrapylonium quadrangulare, n. sp., × 300 658

Dorsal view.

Fig. 16. Pylozonium octacanthum, n. sp., × 300 660

Dorsal view.

PLATE 10.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order LARCOIDEA.

Family THOLONIDA.

Fig. 1. Tholartus tricolus, n. sp., × 200 664

Fig. 2. Tholodes cupula, n. sp., × 500 665

Fig. 3. Amphitholus artiscus, n. sp., × 400 666

Fig. 4. Amphitholus panicium, n. sp., × 500 668

Fig. 5. Amphitholus acanthometra, n. sp., × 300 667

Fig. 6. Amphitholus acanthometra, n. sp., × 300 667

Frontal section of the shell.

Fig. 7. Amphitholonium tricolonium, n. sp., × 300 669

Fig. 8. Staurotholus tetrastylus, n. sp., × 300 673

Fig. 9. Staurotholus dodecastylus, n. sp., × 400 674

Fig. 10. Tholoma quadrigeminum, n. sp., × 200 672

Fig. 11. Staurotholonium octodoronium, n. sp., × 300 676

Fig. 12. Tholocubus tessellatus, n. sp., × 200 677

Fig. 13. Tholoma metallasson, n. sp., × 300 672

Fig. 14. Cubotholus regularis, n. sp., × 200 680

Fig. 15. Cubotholonium ellipsoides, n. sp., × 300 682

Fig. 16. Tholocubus tesseralis, n. sp., × 400 678

Fig. 17. Tholonium hexonium, × 400 679

PLATE 11.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Lychnosphæra regina, n. sp., × 200 277

The entire shell and the central capsule. Numerous club-shaped radial apophyses or coecal sacs arise from the pink central capsule and are protruded through the pores of the medullary shell, which is completely hidden by them. The sarcomatrix in the calymma, surrounding the central capsule, exhibits a fine radial striation. Numerous retracted pseudopodia, bearing red granules, arise from the sarcomatrix and pierce the calymma radially. The interval between the two concentric shells is filled up by the hyaline calymma.

Fig. 2. Lychnosphæra regina, n. sp., × 400 277

A part of the cortical shell, with a radial spine.

Fig. 3. Lychnosphæra regina, n. sp., × 400 277

The medullary shell and the basal parts of the radial spines arising from it.

Fig. 4. Lychnosphæra regina, n. sp., × 400 277

Distal end of a radial spine.

Fig. 5. Rhizoplegma lychnosphæra, n. sp., × 200 276

The central capsule and the enclosed parts of the skeleton. The protoplasm is radially striped. The central nucleus (red) sends out numerous radial apophyses, which are protruded through the pores of the medullary shell.

PLATE 12.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Orders PHÆOSPHÆRIA ET SPHÆROIDEA.

Families OROSPHÆRIDA, ASTROSPHÆRIDA et LIOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Orosphæra huxleyii, n. sp. (vel _Oroscena huxleyii_), × 50 1599

Fig. 1_a_. A piece of the network, the bars of which contain partly an axial canal, × 200 1599

Fig. 2. Conosphæra orthoconus, n. sp., × 200 221

Fig. 3. Conosphæra platyconus, n. sp., × 300 221

Fig. 4. Conosphæra plagioconus, n. sp., × 300 222

Fig. 5. Ethmosphæra conosiphonia, n. sp., × 400 69

Fig. 5_a_. Vertical section through the wall.

Fig. 6. Ethmosphæra polysiphonia, n. sp., × 400 70

Fig. 7. Cenosphæra compacta, n. sp., × 300 65

Fig. 8. Cenosphæra elysia, n. sp., × 300 64

Fig. 8_a_. Vertical section through the wall.

Fig. 9. Cenosphæra mellifica, n. sp., × 300 62

Fig. 10. Cenosphæra favosa, n. sp., × 300 62

Fig. 10_a_. Vertical section through the wall.

Fig. 11. Cenosphæra vesparia, n. sp., × 300 62

Fig. 11_a_. Vertical section through the wall.

PLATE 13.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.

Families STYLOSPHÆRIDA et ELLIPSIDA.

Fig. 1. Ellipsostylus aquila, n. sp., × 300 300

Fig. 2. Ellipsostylus hirundo, n. sp., × 300 301

Fig. 3. Ellipsostylus columba, n. sp., × 300 300

Fig. 4. Xiphostylus alcedo, n. sp., × 400 127

Fig. 5. Xiphostylus edolius, n. sp., × 400 130

Fig. 6. Ellipsostylus psittacus, n. sp., × 400 300

Fig. 7. Stylostaurus caudatus, n. sp., × 400 157

Fig. 8. Ellipsostylus ciconia, n. sp., × 300 300

Fig. 9. Xiphostylus phasianus, n. sp., × 400 127

Fig. 10. Xiphostylus trochilus, n. sp., × 300 129

Fig. 11. Xiphostylus emberiza, n. sp., × 300 131

Fig. 12. Saturnalis circoideus, n. sp., × 400 132

Not fully developed.

Fig. 13. Xiphostylus alca, n. sp., × 300 130

Fig. 14. Xiphostylus falco, n. sp., × 300 130

Fig. 15. Saturnalis rotula, n. sp., × 400 133

Fig. 16. Saturnalis annularis, n. sp., × 400 132

PLATE 14.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.

Families STYLOSPHÆRIDA et ELLIPSIDA.

Fig. 1. Ellipsoxiphus atractus, n. sp., × 300 298

Fig. 2. Xiphosphæra venus, n. sp., × 300 123

Fig. 3. Ellipsoxiphus claviger, n. sp., × 300 297

Fig. 4. Xiphosphæra pallas, n. sp., × 400 124

Fig. 5. Xiphosphæra gæa, n. sp., × 400 123

Fig. 6. Xiphosphæra vesta, n. sp., × 300 126

Fig. 7. Ellipsoxiphus elegans, n. sp., var. palliatus, × 400 296

Fig. 8. Lithapium halicapsa, n. sp., × 300 303

Fig. 9. Lithapium pyriforme, n. sp., × 300 303

Fig. 10. Lithapium monocyrtis, n. sp., × 300 304

Fig. 11. Ellipsoxiphus bipolaris, n. sp., × 600 297

Fig. 12. Xiphostylus trogon, n. sp., × 400 129

Fig. 13. Xiphostylus picus, n. sp., × 300 129

Fig. 14. Lithomespilus flammabundus, n. sp., × 400 303

Fig. 15. Xiphostylus alauda, n. sp., × 400 128

Fig. 16. Lithomespilus phloginus, n. sp., × 600 302

Fig. 17. Lithomespilus phlogoides, n. sp., × 600 302

PLATE 15.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.

Families STAUROSPHÆRIDA et DRUPPULIDA.

Fig. 1. Cromyatractus tetracelyphus, n. sp., × 300 335

Fig. 1_a_. The two inner medullary shells.

Fig. 2. Cromyatractus tetraphractus, n. sp., × 300 335

Fig. 3. Cromyatractus cepicius, n. sp., × 300 336

The spongy distal part of a polar spine.

Fig. 4. Cromyatractus ceparius, n. sp. (vel _Caryostylus ceparius_), × 300 336

Fig. 5. Staurolonche pertusa, n. sp., × 300 159

Fig. 5_a_. Its medullary shell.

Fig. 6. Staurosphæra philippi, n. sp., × 300 154

Fig. 7. Stauroxiphus gladius, n. sp., × 400 163

Fig. 8. Staurocaryum arborescens, n. sp., × 300 167

Fig. 9. Rhizoplegma radicatum, n. sp., × 200 276

Fig. 9_a_. The medullary shell, which is completely hidden in fig. 9 by the numerous club-shaped apophyses of the central capsule.

PLATE 16.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.

Families STYLOSPHÆRIDA et DRUPPULIDA.

Fig. 1. Stylosphæra melpomene, n. sp., × 300 135

Fig. 2. Lithatractus jugatus, n. sp., (vel _Stylosphæra jugata_), × 400 323

Fig. 3. Lithatractus fragilis, n. sp. (vel _Stylosphæra fragilis_), × 400 319

Fig. 4. Stylosphæra lithatractus, n. sp., × 300

The entire shell.

Fig. 5. Stylosphæra lithatractus, n. sp., × 300

The greater part of the cortical shell and the two spines taken off.

The description of Stylosphæra lithatractus (intermediate between Stylosphæra jugata and _Stylosphæra terpsichore_, p. 137) is by mistake not given in the text.

Fig. 6. Stylosphæra calliope, n. sp., × 400 134

Fig. 7. Stylosphæra clio, n. sp., × 400 134

Fig. 8. Druppatractus ostracion, n. sp., × 300 326

The entire shell.

Fig. 9. Druppatractus ostracion, n. sp., × 300 326

The anterior half of the cortical shell has been removed.

Fig. 10. Druppatractus hippocampus, n. sp., × 300 324

The entire shell.

Fig. 11. Druppatractus hippocampus, n. sp., × 300 324

The greater part of the cortical shell has been removed.

Fig. 12. Stylosphæra nana, n. sp., × 300 136

The entire shell

Fig. 13. Stylosphæra nana, n. sp., × 300 136

The greater part of the cortical shell taken off.

Fig. 14. Sphærostylus ophidium, n. sp., × 300 140

The entire shell.

Fig. 15. Sphærostylus ophidium, n. sp., × 300 140

The medullary shell alone.

Fig. 16. Saturnulus ellipticus, n. sp., × 400 141

Fig. 17. Saturnulus planetes, n. sp., × 400 142

PLATE 17.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Orders SPHÆROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA.

Families STYLOSPHÆRIDA, DRUPPULIDA et SPONGURIDA.

Fig. 1. Stylatractus giganteus, n. sp. (vel _Amphistylus giganteus_), × 300 329

Fig. 2. Stylatractus sethoporus, n. sp., × 400 330

The greater part of the cortical shell taken off.

Fig. 3. Stylatractus sethoporus, n. sp., × 400 330

The entire cortical shell.

Fig. 4. Stylatractus compactus, n. sp., × 400 329

Fig. 5. Amphisphæra cronos, n. sp. (vel _Amphistylus cronos_), × 400 144

Fig. 6. Stylatractus neptunus, n. sp. (vel _Amphisphæra neptunus_), × 300 328

Fig. 7. Amphisphæra pluto, n. sp., × 300 144

The entire cortical shell.

Fig. 8. Amphisphæra pluto, n. sp., × 300 144

Meridional section through the three concentric shells.

Fig. 9. Xiphatractus glyptodon, n. sp., × 400 334

The entire cortical shell.

Fig. 10. Xiphatractus glyptodon, n. sp., × 400 334

The greater part of the cortical shell taken off.

Fig. 11. Xiphatractus armadillo, n. sp., × 400 332

Fig. 12. Spongoxiphus prunococcus, n. sp., × 300 354

The spongy cortical shell.

Fig. 13. Spongoxiphus prunococcus, n. sp., × 600 354

The two concentric latticed medullary shells.

PLATE 18.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Centrocubus cladostylus, n. sp., × 100 278

Fig. 2. Octodendron spathillatum, n. sp., × 300 280

The entire inner shell, but a small part only of the outer shell is represented.

Fig. 3. Octodendron cubocentron, n. sp., × 400 279

The central capsule (somewhat irregular by compression?) exhibits a large excentric nucleus (probably dislocated artificially?).

Fig. 4. Octodendron spathillatum, n. sp., × 800 280

Free distal end of a radial spine, with the spathillæ on the end of the branches.

Fig. 5. Rhizosphæra serrata, n. sp., × 300 284

Fig. 6. Rhizosphæra serrata, n. sp., × 300 284

Medullary shell.

Fig. 7. Rhizosphæra serrata, n. sp., × 600 284

A single radial spine.

Fig. 8. Plegmosphæra exodictyon, n. sp., × 200 89

The central shell-cavity encloses the spherical central capsule and the concentric nucleus.

Fig. 9. Spongodrymus elaphococcus, n. sp., × 150 272

The entire inner shell, but only a small part of the outer spongy envelope is represented.

PLATE 19.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Drymosphæra polygonalis, n. sp., × 200 249

Fig. 2. Leptosphæra hexagonalis, n. sp., × 200 244

Showing the central capsule (forming numerous club-shaped protuberances) and the simple spherical nucleus in its centre. The skeleton is nearly the same as in Diplosphæra hexagonalis (fig. 3).

Fig. 3. Diplosphæra hexagonalis, n. sp., × 200 246

The spherical central capsule, with radially striped protoplasm, is enclosed in the inner shell, and exhibits in its centre the clear spherical nucleus.

Fig. 4. Astrosphæra hexagonalis, n. sp., × 300 250

Fig. 5. Astrosphæra stellata, n. sp., × 300 251

The central capsule, enclosed in the inner shell, exhibits a distinct radial striation of the protoplasm, and in the centre a clear spherical nucleus.

Fig. 6. Haliomma rhodococcus, n. sp. (vel _Sethosphæra rhodococcus_), × 400 237

The greater part of the outer shell is removed.

PLATE 20.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Drymosphæra dendrophora, n. sp., × 300 249

Fig. 1_a_. Meridional section through the central capsule. In the centre the large spherical nucleus is visible. The protoplasm around it is distinctly radiate. From the central capsule arise numerous club-shaped apophyses or cæcal sacs, which are protruded through the meshes of the inner shell, × 300

Fig. 1_b_. Basal part of a single radial spine, and its connection with the network of the two shells, × 400

Fig. 2. Liosphæra polypora, n. sp., × 300 78

The greater part of the outer shell is removed.

Fig. 3. Liosphæra hexagonia, n. sp., × 400 76

Fig. 4. Carposphæra melitomma, n. sp. (vel _Melitomma melittosphæra_), × 400 73

PLATE 21.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Hexastylus cochleatus, n. sp., × 400 174

From the central capsule, enclosed in the shell, numerous delicate radial pseudopodia arise, which are protruded through the pores of the shell.

Fig. 2. Hexastylus triaxonius, n. sp., × 400 175

Fig. 3. Hexastylus phænaxonius, n. sp., × 300 171

Fig. 4. Hexastylus thaletis, n. sp., × 400 172

Fig. 5. Hexastylus minimus, n. sp., × 400 172

Fig. 6. Hexastylus dimensivus, n. sp., × 400 175

Fig. 7. Hexastylus spiralis, n. sp., × 400 177

Fig. 8. Hexastylus dictyotus, n. sp., × 400 176

Fig. 9. Hexastylus dictyotus, n. sp., × 400 176

Central capsule with concentric nucleus and nucleolus; the protoplasm is radially striped.

Fig. 10. Hexastylus marginatus, n. sp., × 400 176

Fig. 10_a_. Radial section through the shell-wall.

Fig. 11. Hexastylus solonis, n. sp., × 400 173

Fig. 12. Hexastylus contortus, n. sp., × 300 177

PLATE 22.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Hexalonche pythagoræa, n. sp., × 300 185

Fig. 2. Hexalonche conicornis, n. sp., × 300 181

Fig. 3. Hexalonche aristarchi, n. sp., × 400 185

Fig. 4. Hexalonche philosophica, n. sp., × 400 186

Fig. 5. Hexalonche anaximandri, n. sp., × 400 182

Fig. 6. Hexalonche octocolpa, n. sp., × 300 183

Fig. 6_a_. The inner shell alone.

Fig. 7. Hexalonche heracliti, n. sp., × 300 187

Fig. 8. Hexalonche octahedra, n. sp., × 400 181

Fig. 8_a_. The inner shell alone.

Fig. 9. Hexancistra tricuspis, n. sp., × 300 188

Fig. 10. Hexancistra triserrata, n. sp., × 300 188

Fig. 11. Hexancistra quadricuspis, n. sp., × 300 189

PLATE 23.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Hexadendron bipinnatum, n. sp., × 400 200

Fig. 2. Hexacromyum octahedrum, n. sp., × 400 202

Fig. 3. Hexancistra mirabilis, n. sp. (= _Hexapitys mirabilis_), × 400 189

The spherical central capsule encloses the concentric spherical inner shell (which is filled up by the nucleus), and is surrounded by the octahedral outer shell. The latter is enveloped by the octahedral calymma, which is radially striated and contains numerous xanthellæ.

Fig. 4. Hexacaryum arborescens, n. sp., × 400 203

Fig. 5. Hexacontium clavigerum, n. sp., × 300 19

PLATE 24.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Hexacontium sceptrum, n. sp., × 400 194

Fig. 1_a_. The two medullary shells.

Fig. 2. Hexacontium favosum, n. sp., × 400 194

Fig. 2_a_. The two medullary shells.

Fig. 3. Hexacontium axotrias, n. sp., × 300 192

The six lattice-plates, which form the cortical shell, are not yet fully developed.

Fig. 4. Hexacontium floridum, n. sp., × 300 195

Fig. 4_a_. The two medullary shells.

Fig. 5. Hexacontium papillosum, n. sp., × 400 197

Fig. 5_a_. The two medullary shells.

Fig. 6. Hexacontium lævigatum, n. sp., × 400 193

The contours of the two medullary shells are visible in the centre.

Fig. 7. Hexacontium prionacanthum, n. sp., × 400 195

Fig. 7_a_. The two medullary shells, connected with a fragment of the cortical shell.

Fig. 8. Cubosphæra cubaxonia, n. sp., × 400 203

Fig. 8_a_. A single radial spine.

Fig. 9. Hexacromyum elegans, n. sp., × 400 201

A part of the two cortical shells is broken off.

PLATE 25.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family CUBOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Hexadoridium streptacanthum, n. sp., × 400 206

Fig. 1_a_. The two concentric medullary shells.

Fig. 2. Hexalonche amphisiphon, n. sp., × 300 182

Fig. 2_a_. Medullary shell connected with a fragment of the cortical shell.

Fig. 2_b_. Vertical section through the wall of the cortical shell. (Below the centre of the Plate, also lettered 3_a_ by mistake.)

Fig. 3. Hexalonche rosetta, n. sp., × 400 180

Fig. 3a. Medullary shell.

Fig. 3b. Vertical section through the wall of the cortical shell.

Fig. 4. Hexalonche curvicornis, n. sp., × 300 181

Outer shell not yet complete, or partly broken off (?).

Fig. 5. Hexalonche anaximenis, n. sp., × 400 183

Fig. 6. Hexalonche hystricina, n. sp., × 300 187

Fig. 7. Hexacontium circumtextum, n. sp., × 400 193

Fig. 7_a_. Vertical section through the double wall of the cortical shell.

Fig. 8. Hexacontium gladiatum, n. sp., × 400 198

A part of the two outer shells and of the radial spines is broken off.

PLATE 26.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Coscinomma amphisiphon, n. sp., × 300 222

Fig. 1_a_. A piece of the lattice-shell, × 600

Fig. 1_b_. Vertical section through the shell-wall, × 600

Fig. 2. Heliosphæra hexagonaria, n. sp., × 300 217

Fig. 3. Acanthosphæra castanea, n. sp., × 400 211

Fig. 4. Acanthosphæra angulata, n. sp., × 300 216

Fig. 5. Acanthosphæra reticulata, n. sp., × 300 217

Fig. 6. Heliosphæra coronata, n. sp., × 400 219

Fig. 6_a_. A single pore with its coronal, × 300

Fig. 7. Acanthosphæra mucronata, n. sp., × 400 212

Fig. 8. Acanthosphæra clavata, n. sp., × 400 212

Fig. 9. Heliosphæra pectinata, n. sp., × 400 218

Fig. 10. Cenosphæra perforata, n. sp., × 400 66

Fig. 11. Cenosphæra coronata, n. sp., × 400 67

PLATE 27.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Cladococcus pinetum, n. sp., × 300 226

Fig. 2. Cladococcus scoparius, n. sp., × 300 225

Fig. 3. Cladococcus abietinus, n. sp., × 300 226

The central capsule, enclosed originally in the shell, sends out numerous club-shaped apophyses through the pores of the lattice-sphere. The central spherical nucleus fills up half the shell-cavity.

Fig. 4. Cladococcus stalactites, n. sp., × 300 227

Fig. 5. Cladococcus dendrites, n. sp., × 200 227

PLATE 28.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Haliomma lirianthus, n. sp., × 300 232

Fig. 1_a_. Medullary shell, × 300

Fig. 1b. Three pores of the cortical shell, × 900

Fig. 2. Carposphæra nodosa, n. sp., × 300 76

Fig. 2_a_. The medullary shell is visible, the upper half of the cortical shell being taken off, × 300

Fig. 3. Heliosoma radians, n. sp., × 300 240

Fig. 3_a_. Medullary shell, × 300

Fig. 4. Heliosoma hastatum, n. sp., × 400 241

Fig. 5. Haliomma compactum, n. sp., × 400 239

Fig. 5_a_. The upper half of the cortical shell is removed, × 300

Fig. 6. Haliomma macrodoras, n. sp., × 400 238

Fig. 7. Haliomma circumtextum, n sp., × 400 233

Fig. 8. Elatomma juniperinum, n. sp., × 400 243

Fig. 8_a_. Medullary shell, × 400

PLATE 29.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Family ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Echinomma toxopneustes, n. sp., × 400 259

Fig. 2. Echinomma sphærechinus, n. sp., × 400 258

Fig. 3. Actinomma denticulatum, n. sp., × 400 254

Fig. 4. Actinomma pachyderma, n. sp., × 400 254

The half of the cortical shell is removed.

Fig. 5. Actinomma pachyderma, n. sp., × 400 254

Fig. 6. Actinomma capillaceum, n. sp., × 300 255

Fig. 7. Actinomma arcadophorum, n. sp., × 400 255

A part of the two outer shells is removed.

Fig. 8. Actinomma arcadophorum, n. sp., × 400 255

Inner medullary shell.

Fig. 9. Pityomma drymodes, n. sp., × 300 260

A part of the two outer shells is removed.

PLATE 30.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order SPHÆROIDEA.

Families LIOSPHÆRIDA et ASTROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Cromyechinus icosacanthus, n. sp., × 300 263

Fig. 2. Cromyomma villosum, n. sp., × 300 261

Fig. 3. Cromyechinus dodecacanthus, n. sp., × 400 264

Fig. 3_a_. The innermost shells.

Fig. 4. Cromyomma circumtextum, n. sp., × 300 262

Fig. 5. Cromyomma mucronatum, n. sp., × 200 263

Fig. 5_a_. The innermost shells.

Fig. 6. Cromyodrymus abietinus, n. sp., × 300 265

Fig. 7. Cromyodrymus quadricuspis, n. sp., × 400 264

Fig. 7_a_. The inner concentric shells.

Fig. 8. Cromyomma perspicuum, n. sp., × 300 262

Fig. 9. Cromyosphæra quadruplex, n. sp., × 300 84

Fig. 9_a_. The innermost shells.

PLATE 31.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Families CENODISCIDA et PHACODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Sethostaurus orthostaurus, n. sp., × 300 433

Fig. 2. Sethostaurus orthostaurus, n. sp., × 300 433

Vertical section through the centrum.

Fig. 3. Sethostaurus recurvatus, n. sp., × 100 434

Optical section through the equatorial plane.

Fig. 4. Sethostaurus rhombostaurus, n. sp., × 100 434

Optical section through the equatorial plane.

Fig. 5. Sethostaurus cruciatus, n. sp. (vel _Heliostaurus cruciatus_), × 300 434

Fig. 6. Phacostaurus oceanidum, n. sp., × 300 435

Fig. 7. Phacostaurus magnificus, n. sp., × 400 436

Fig. 8. Phacostaurus magnificus, n. sp., × 200 436

Vertical section through the centrum.

Fig. 9. Sethostylus distyliscus, n. sp., × 400 428

Fig. 10. Sethostylus dicylindrus, n. sp., × 300 428

Marginal view.

Fig. 11. Stylodiscus endostylus, n. sp. (vel _Sethostylus endostylus_), × 300 413

Fig. 12. Phacostylus amphistylus, n. sp., × 300 430

PLATE 32.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PHACODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Astrophacus solaris, n. sp., × 300 453

Fig. 2. Astrophacus apollinis, n. sp., × 300 455

Fig. 3. Astrophacus phacodiscus, n. sp., × 300 454

Vertical section through the centrum.

Fig. 4. Astrosestrum ephyra, n. sp., × 300 442

Fig. 4_a_. Transverse section through the double medullary shell, × 300 442

Fig. 5. Astrosestrum nauphanta, n. sp., × 300 442

Fig. 6. Phacostylus caudatus, n. sp. (vel _Astrosestrum caudatum_), × 200 431

Fig. 7. Perizona scutella, n. sp., × 400 427

Fig. 8. Perizona pterygota, n. sp., × 400 427

Fig. 8_a_. Medullary shells and radial beams connecting them with the disk, × 300 427

PLATE 33.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PHACODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Sethodiscus lenticula, n. sp., × 300 423

Fig. 2. Sethodiscus lenticula, n. sp., × 300 423

Vertical section.

Fig. 3. Sethodiscus macrococcus, n. sp., × 300 423

Young shell, not yet closed, seen from the margin.

Fig. 4. Periphæna cincta, n. sp., × 400 426

Fig. 5. Triactiscus tricuspis, n. sp., × 300 432

Marginal view.

Fig. 6. Triactiscus tripyramis, n. sp., × 400 432

Fig. 7. Heliodiscus cingillum, n. sp., × 300 448

Fig. 8. Heliodiscus asteriscus, n. sp., × 300 445

Fig. 9. Heliodrymus dendrocyclus, n. sp.(vel Heliocladus dendrocyclus), × 300 451

PLATE 34.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PHACODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Sethostylus dentatus, n. sp. (vel _Heliostylus dentatus_), × 300 429

Upper half of the disk.

Fig. 2. Sethostylus serratus, n. sp. (vel _Heliostylus serratus_), × 300 429

Lower half of the disk.

Fig. 3. Heliosestrum octonum, n. sp., × 300 440

Fig. 4. Heliodiscus solaster, n. sp., × 300 447

Fig. 5. Heliodiscus echiniscus, n. sp., × 400 448

Fig. 6. Heliosestrum medusinum, n. sp., × 300 438

Fig. 7. Sethostaurus conostaurus, n. sp., × 100 433

Normal form with four regular spines.

Fig. 8. Sethostaurus conostaurus, n. sp., × 100 433

Abnormal form with five spines.

Fig. 9. Heliodiscus marginatus, n. sp., × 100 449

Fig. 10. Heliodiscus trochiscus, n. sp., × 100 445

Fig. 11. Heliodiscus polymorphus, n. sp., × 100 447

Fig. 12. Heliodiscus polymorphus, n. sp., × 100 447

Fig. 13. Heliodiscus trochiscus, n. sp., × 100 445

Fig. 14. Astrophacus trochiscus, n. sp., × 100 453

PLATE 35.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PHACODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Heliodiscus pertusus, n. sp. (vel _Heliosestrum pertusum_), × 400 448

Irregular form with ten (instead of eight) larger latticed spines.

Fig. 2. Heliodiscus glyphodon, n. sp. (vel _Heliosestrum glyphodon_), × 300 446

Fig. 3. Heliodrymus ramosus, n. sp., × 300 452

Fig. 4. Heliodrymus ramosus, n. sp., × 500 452

Medullary shell and a segment of the disk.

Fig. 5. Heliodrymus viminalis, n. sp., × 400 452

Marginal view.

Fig. 6. Phacodiscus clypeus, n. sp., × 400 425

Fig. 7. Phacodiscus rotula, n. sp., × 400 424

Marginal view.

Fig. 8. Phacodiscus lentiformis, n. sp., × 400 425

Vertical section nearly through the centre.

Fig. 9. Phacodiscus clypeus, n. sp., × 400 425

Vertical section nearly through the centre.

PLATE 36.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family COCCODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Coccodiscus lamarckii, n. sp., × 500 459

The left half of the figure represents a horizontal section through the peripheral shell, the right half a view of the surface.

Fig. 2. Coccodiscus goethei, n. sp., × 500 461

Vertical section nearly through the centre.

Fig. 3. Lithocyclia lenticula, n. sp., × 400 459

Fig. 4. Lithocyclia lenticula, n. sp., × 400 459

Vertical section through the centre.

Fig. 5. Coccocyclia helianthus, n. sp., × 400 468

Fig. 6. Coccocyclia helianthus, n. sp., × 500 468

Vertical section through the outer medullary shell, showing the inner.

Fig. 7. Astrocyclia solaster, n. sp., × 300 466

Fig. 8. Astrocyclia heterocycla, n. sp., × 400 468

Horizontal section through the equatorial plane.

PLATE 37.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family COCCODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Staurocyclia cruciata, n. sp., × 400 465

Fig. 2. Staurocyclia phacostaurus, n. sp., × 300 465

Fig. 3. Staurocyclia phacostaurus, n. sp., × 300 465

Vertical section through the centre.

Fig. 4. Staurocyclia magniducis, n. sp. (_Coccostaurus magniducis_), × 300 466

Fig. 5. Trigonocyclia triangularis, n. sp., × 400 464

Fig. 6. Stylocyclia prionacantha, n. sp., × 500 462

A great part of the peripheral shell is removed.

Fig. 7. Amphicyclia amphistyla, n. sp., × 300 464

Vertical section through the centre.

Fig. 8. Stylocyclia excavata, n. sp., × 200 463

Vertical section through the centre.

PLATE 38.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family COCCODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Amphicyclia chronometra, n. sp., × 400 463

Fig. 2. Amphicyclia pachydiscus, n. sp., × 500 464

Vertical section through the centre.

Fig. 3. Amphiactura amphibrachia, n. sp., × 300 470

Fig. 4. Amphiactura amphibrachia, n. sp., × 150 470

Vertical section through the centre.

Fig. 5. Diplactura diploconus, n. sp., × 300 470

Fig. 6. Trigonactura triacantha, n. sp., × 200 472

Fig. 7. Trigonactura triacantha, n. sp., × 400 472

Vertical section nearly through the centre.

Fig. 8. Hymenactura archimedis, n. sp., × 300 473

Fig. 9. Hymenactura copernici, n. sp., × 200 475

PLATE 39.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order PRUNOIDEA.

Families ELLIPSIDA, DRUPPULIDA, ARTISCIDA et CYPHINIDA.

Fig. 1. Cenellipsis faceta, n. sp. (vel _Ellipsis faceta_), × 300 291

Fig. 2. Cenellipsis infundibulum, n. sp. (vel _Ellipsis infundibulum_), × 300 292

Fig. 3. Druppula pandanus, n. sp. (vel _Coccymelium pandanus_), × 300 308

Fig. 4. Prunulum coccymelium, n. sp. (vel _Coccymelium prunulum_), × 300 313

Fig. 5. Prunocarpus artocarpium, n. sp. (vel _Artocarpium indicum_), × 300 316

Fig. 6. Pipettella prismatica, n. sp., × 300 305

Fig. 7. Pipetta tuba, n. sp., × 300 337

Fig. 8. Pipetta fusus, n. sp., × 300 337

Fig. 8_a_. The enclosed medullary shell.

Fig. 9. Artiscus nodosus, n. sp. (vel _Artidium nodosum_), × 400 356

Fig. 10. Cannartus violina, n. sp., × 300 358

Fig. 11. Cyphonium cribellum, n. sp., × 200 365

Fig. 12. Cyphonium virgineum, n. sp. (vel _Ommatospyris virginea_), × 400 363

Fig. 12_a_. Vertical section through the double medullary shell.

Fig. 13. Cypassis puella, n. sp. (vel _Didymospyris puella_), × 400 367

The enclosed central capsule is visible.

Fig. 14. Cyphinus amphilophus, N. sp., × 300 370

Fig. 15. Pipettaria tubaria, n. sp., × 300 339

Fig. 16. Cannartidium mammiferum, n. sp., × 300 375

Fig. 17. Cannartidium mastophorum, n. sp., × 150 375

Fig. 18. Cannartidium bicinctum, n. sp., × 300 374

Fig. 18_a_. Vertical section through the main axis.

Fig. 19. Cannartiscus amphiconiscus, n. sp., × 300 372

PLATE 40.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order PRUNOIDEA.

Families PANARTIDA et ZYGARTIDA.

Fig. 1. Panartus diploconus, n. sp., × 300 379

Fig. 2. Panartus pluteus, n. sp., × 300 382

Fig. 3. Panartus tetrathalamus, n. sp., × 300 378

Fig. 4. Panicium coronatum, n. sp. (vel _Panartidium coronatum_), × 300 386

Fig. 5. Peripanartus amphiconus, n. sp., × 300 383

Fig. 6. Peripanartus cylindrus, n. sp., × 150 384

Fig. 7. Peripanartus atractus, n. sp., × 300 384

Fig. 8. Peripanicium amphicorona, n. sp., × 300 387

Fig. 9. Panarium tubularium, n. sp., × 300 390

Fig. 10. Ommatocampe nereides, n. sp., × 300 394

Fig. 11. Cyphocolpus virginis, n. sp. (vel _Zygartus virginis_) × 300 369

Fig. 12. Desmartus larvalis, n. sp. (vel _Zygartus larvalis_), × 300 398

Fig. 13. Zygartus chrysalis, n. sp. (vel _Zygocampe chrysalis_), × 400 401

PLATE 41.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Families PORODISCIDA et SPONGODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Porodiscus flustrella, n. sp., × 300 493

Fig. 2. Porodiscus perispira, n. sp., × 200 495

The rings alone (equatorial section).

Fig. 3. Porodiscus quadrigatus, n. sp., × 200 494

The rings alone (equatorial section).

Fig. 4. Porodiscus semispiralis, n. sp., × 500 497

Fig. 5. Perichlamydium saturnus, n. sp., × 300 499

Fig. 6. Porodiscus centrospira, n. sp. (vel Perispongidium centrospira), × 200 495

The rings alone (equatorial section).

Fig. 7. Porodiscus irregularis, n. sp. (vel Perispongidium irregulare), × 200 498

The rings alone (equatorial section).

Fig. 8. Stylodictya heliospira, n. sp., × 400 512

Fig. 9. Stylodictya centrospira, n. sp., × 400 512

Fig. 10. Stylochlamydium asteriscus, n. sp., × 400 514

Fig. 11. Stylotrochus geddesii, n. sp., × 300 585

PLATE 42.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PORODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Staurodictya elegans, n. sp., × 500 507

Fig. 2. Staurodictya ciliata, n. sp., × 400 506

Fig. 3. Staurodictya medusa, n. sp., × 400 506

Fig. 4. Staurodictya cruciata, n. sp., × 300 507

Fig. 5. Staurodictya cruciata, n. sp., × 300 507

Vertical section through the disk.

Fig. 6. Staurodictya grandis, n. sp., × 300 508

Vertical section through the disk.

Fig. 7. Tripodictya triacantha, n. sp., × 400 505

Fig. 8. Tripodictya trigonaria, n. sp., × 400 505

Fig. 9. Tripodictya tribelonia, n. sp., × 400 505

Vertical section through the disk.

Fig. 10. Xiphodictya amphibelonia, n. sp., × 300 503

Marginal view.

Fig. 11. Xiphodictya amphirrhopalia, n. sp., × 400 504

Fig. 12. Xiphodictya staurospira, n. sp., × 500 504

PLATE 43.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PORODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Rhopalastrum malleus, n. sp., × 100 527

Fig. 2. Rhopalastrum ypsilinum, n. sp., × 50 528

Fig. 3. Rhopalastrum hexaceros, n. sp., × 100 529

Fig. 4. Rhopalastrum triceros, n. sp., × 50 529

Fig. 5. Rhopalastrum trispinosum, n. sp. (vel Dictyastrum trispinosum), × 150 525

Fig. 6. Rhopalastrum arcticum, n. sp., × 300 539

Fig. 7. Rhopalastrum hexagonum, n. sp. (vel _Dictyastrum hexagonum_), × 100 525

Fig. 8. Rhopalastrum irregulare, n. sp., × 100 528

Fig. 9. Euchitonia lanceolata, n. sp., × 80 534

Fig. 10. Euchitonia carcinus, n. sp., × 300 535

Fig. 11. Euchitonia echinata, n. sp., × 120 536

Fig. 12. Euchitonia stohrii, n. sp., × 100 534

Fig. 13. Hymeniastrum euclidis, n. sp., × 200 531

Fig. 14. Chitonastrum jugatum, n. sp., × 200 537

Fig. 15. Chitonastrum lyra, n. sp., × 500 538

A living specimen observed. The entire shell is enveloped by the calymma and surrounded by radiating pseudopodia (drawn much too short). Between the two paired arms arises a large "sarcode-flagellum." The central chamber and the first enveloping ring are filled by the clear nucleus; the other rings and all the chambers of the arms contain numerous pink oil-globules.

Fig. 16. Trigonastrum regulare, n. sp. (vel _Chitonastrum regulare_), × 200 539

PLATE 44.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PORODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Stephanastrum capitatum, n. sp., × 200 549

Fig. 2. Pentinastrum asteriscus, n. sp., × 300 557

Fig. 3. Pentalastrum ophidiaster, n. sp., × 100 557

Fig. 4. Hexinastrum geryonidum, n. sp., × 300 560

Fig. 5. Hexalastrum orchidaceum, n. sp., × 50 560

Fig. 6. Amphibrachium dilatatum, n. sp., × 50 517

Fig. 7. Amphymenium zygartus, n. sp., × 400 520

Fig. 8. Amphymenium pupula, n. sp., × 300 519

Fig. 9. Amphymenium amphistylium, n. sp., × 200 520

Fig. 10. Amphicraspedum murrayanum, n. sp., × 300 523

Fig. 11. Amphymenium monstrosum, n. sp., × 300 520

PLATE 45.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PORODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Stauralastrum rhopalophorum, n. sp., × 200 541

Fig. 2. Dicranastrum cornutum, n. sp., × 200 551

Fig. 3. Hagiastrum mosis, n. sp., × 100 543

Fig. 4. Hagiastrum mosis, n. sp., × 50 543

Lateral view, from the edge.

Fig. 5. Hagiastrum buddhæ, n. sp., × 50 542

Fig. 6. Stauralastrum cruciforme, n. sp. (in glycerine), × 500 540

The central capsule contains a large central nucleus with nucleolus, and is surrounded by the jelly calymma and numerous small zooxanthellæ. The endoplasm is radially striped.

Fig. 7. Tesserastrum democriti, n. sp., × 100 548

Fig. 8. Tesserastrum straussii, n. sp., × 500 547

Fig. 9. Tesserastrum brunonis, n. sp., × 200 548

Disk seen from the edge.

Fig. 10. Amphirhopalum echinatum, n. sp., × 300 522

Fig. 11. Amphicraspedum maclaganium, n. sp., × 100 523

Fig. 12. Amphicraspedum wyvilleanum, n. sp., × 300 523

PLATE 46.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PORODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Histiastrum boseanum, n. sp., × 400 546

Fig. 2. Histiastrum pentadiscus, n. sp., × 200 546

Fig. 3. Histiastrum quadrigatum, n. sp., × 300 544

Fig. 4. Histiastrum velatum, n. sp., × 200 545

Fig. 5. Stephanastrum quadratum, n. sp., × 200 549

PLATE 47.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order DISCOIDEA.

Family PORODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Dicranastrum bifurcatum, n. sp., × 200 552

Fig. 1_a._ Central disc of the same, × 600

Fig. 2. Dicranastrum furcatum, n. sp., × 100 550

Fig. 3. Dicranastrum wyvillei, n. sp., × 100 551

Fig. 4. Pentophiastrum forcipatum, n. sp., × 50 559

Fig. 5. Pentophiastrum caudatum, n. sp., × 50 559

Fig. 6. Myelastrum papilio, n. sp., × 50 554

Fig. 7. Myelastrum decaceros, n. sp., × 20 554

Fig. 8. Myelastrum heteropterum, n. sp., × 20 553

Fig. 9. Myelastrum anomalum, n. sp., × 50 556

Fig. 10. Myelastrum farfalla, n. sp., × 50 554

Fig. 11. Myelastrum dodecaceros, n. sp., × 100 554

Fig. 12. Myelastrum octocorne, n. sp., × 90 553

Fig. 13. Myelastrum medullare, n. sp., × 50 553

PLATE 48.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Orders PRUNOIDEA ET DISCOIDEA.

Families ELLIPSIDA, ARTISCIDA, SPONGURIDA, CENODISCIDA, PORODISCIDA et PYLODISCIDA.

Fig. 1. Cenodiscus phacoides, n. sp., × 100 411

Fig. 1_a._ Vertical section.

Fig. 2. Crucidiscus endostaurus, n. sp., × 200 416

Equatorial section.

Fig. 3. Trochodiscus stellaris, n. sp., × 200 418

Fig. 4. Axoprunum stauraxonium, n. sp., × 300 298

Equatorial section.

Fig. 5. Stylartus bipolaris, n. sp., × 200 357

Vertical section.

Fig. 6. Spongocore puella, n. sp., × 300 347

Fig. 7. Spongoprunum amphilonche, n. sp., × 300 347

Fig. 8. Stomatodiscus osculatus, n. sp., × 600 503

Fig. 9. Archidiscus stauroniscus, n. sp., × 400 487

Fig. 9_a._ Marginal view.

Fig. 10. Archidiscus hexoniscus, n. sp., × 400 488

Fig. 10a. Marginal view.

Fig. 11. Archidiscus pyloniscus, n. sp., × 400 488

Fig. 11a. Marginal view.

Fig. 12. Triolena primordialis, n. sp., × 800 564

Fig. 13. Triopyle hexagona, n. sp., × 600 565

Fig. 14. Triodiscus spinosus, n. sp., × 600 565

Fig. 15. Pylolena armata, n. sp., × 300 568

Fig. 16. Hexapyle dodecantha, n. sp., × 300 569

Fig. 17. Pylodiscus triangularis, n. sp., × 400 570

Fig. 18. Discozonium hexagonium, n. sp., × 400 572

Fig. 19. Discopyle osculata, n. sp., × 400 573

Fig. 20. Discopyle elliptica, n. sp., × 400 573

PLATE 49.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order LARCOIDEA.

Families LITHELIDA, STREBLONIDA, PHORTICIDA et SOREUMIDA.

Fig. 1. Spirema melonia, n. sp., × 300 692

Fig. 2. Lithelius solaris, n. sp. (the first central convolutions only), × 300 695

Fig. 3. Larcospira quadrangula, n. sp., × 300 696

Fig. 4. Pylospira octopyle, n. sp., × 300 698

Fig. 5. Tholospira cervicornis, n. sp., × 300 700

Fig. 6. Tholospira dendrophora, n. sp., × 300 700

Fig. 7. Spironium octonium, n. sp., × 300 701

Fig. 8. Streblacantha siderolina, n. sp., × 300 706

Fig. 8_a_. Outlines of the chambers, × 200

Fig. 9. Streblopyle helicina, n. sp., × 300 707

Fig. 10. Phorticium pylonium, n. sp., × 300 709

Fig. 11. Spongophortis larnacilla, n. sp., × 200 711

Fig. 11_a._ The upper half of the cortical shell is removed.

Figs. 11_b_ to 11d. The enclosed medullary Larnacilla-shell. b, Dorsal view; c, lateral view; d, basal view.

Fig. 12. Soreuma irregulare, n. sp., × 200 713

Fig. 13. Sorolarcus larnacillifer, n. sp., × 300 715

PLATE 50.

LEGION SPUMELLARIA.

Order LARCOIDEA.

Families LARCARIDA, LARNACIDA et ZONARIDA.

Fig. 1. Larnacilla typus, n. sp., × 300 617

From the sagittal pole (dorsal view).

Fig. 1_a_. From the lateral pole (sagittal section).

Fig. 1_b_. From the principal pole (equatorial section).

Fig. 2. Larnacalpis lentellipsis, n. sp., × 400 620

From the sagittal pole (dorsal view).

Fig. 2_a_. From the lateral pole (sagittal section).

Fig. 2_b_. From the principal pole (equatorial section).

Fig. 3. Larnacalpis triaxonia, n. sp., × 400 621

From the sagittal pole (dorsal view).

Fig. 4. Larnacantha hexacantha, n. sp., × 400 622

From the sagittal pole (dorsal view).

Fig. 5. Larnacantha bicruciata, n. sp., × 300 623

Frontal view.

Fig. 6. Larnacantha prismatica, n. sp., × 300 623

Half frontal, half lateral view.

Fig. 7. Cenolarcus primordialis, n. sp., × 300 607

From the sagittal pole.

Fig. 7_a_. From the lateral pole.

Fig. 7_b_. From the principal pole.

Fig. 8. Larcidium dodecanthum, n. sp., × 300 612

From the sagittal pole.

Fig. 8_a_. From the principal pole.

Fig. 9. Zonarium octangulum, n. sp., × 300 685

Frontal view.

Fig. 10. Zoniscus tetracanthus, n. sp., × 300 687

Frontal view.

Fig. 11. Zoniscus hexatholius, n. sp., × 400 687

Dorsal view (from the sagittal pole).

Fig. 11_a_. Lateral view (from the frontal pole).

Fig. 12. Zonidium octotholium, n. sp., × 300 688

Frontal section (from the sagittal pole).

Fig. 12_a_. Lateral view (from the frontal pole).

PLATE 51.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCALPIDA, PHÆNOCALPIDA et CYRTOCALPIDA.

Fig. 1. Tripterocalpis phylloptera, n. sp., × 400 1138

Fig. 2. Tripterocalpis conoptera, n. sp., × 300 1138

Fig. 3. Tripterocalpis ogmoptera, n. sp., × 300 1138

Fig. 4. Tripterocalpis ogmoptera, n. sp., × 500 1138

A group of confluent pores, more enlarged.

Fig. 5. Tripterocalpis ogmoptera, n. sp., × 300 1138

Central capsule. In the centre the striate podoconus, above it four oil-globules, to the right the nucleus.

Fig. 6. Tripocalpis triserrata, n. sp., × 600 1136

Fig. 7. Tridictyopus conicus, n. sp., × 300 1145

Fig. 8. Tridictyopus vatillum, n. sp., × 400 1145

Fig. 9. Cyrtophormis spiralis, n. sp., × 400 1166

Fig. 10. Archicorys ovata, n. sp., × 300 1185

Fig. 11. Cyrtocalpis gromia, n. sp., × 400 1188

Fig. 12. Archicorys microstoma, n. sp., × 400 1185

Fig. 13. Cyrtocalpis urceolus, n. sp., × 500 1186

The ovate central capsule exhibits in the lower half the podoconus, in the upper half the spherical nucleus and three oil-globules. Between the capsule and the shell numerous xanthellæ, partly protruded through the shell-mouth along the radiating pseudopodia.

PLATE 52.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCALPIDA, PHÆNOCALPIDA, CYRTOCALPIDA et ANTHOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Cyrtophormis pila, n. sp., × 300 1165

Fig. 2. Cyrtophormis ærostatica, n. sp., × 300 1166

Fig. 3. Cyrtophormis ærostatica, n. sp., × 300 1166

Longitudinal section.

Fig. 4. Cyrtocalpis sethopora, n. sp., × 600 1187

Fig. 5. Cyrtocalpis lithomitra, n. sp., × 400 1187

Fig. 6. Cyrtocalpis lithomitra, n. sp., × 400 1187

Longitudinal section.

Fig. 7. Cyrtocalpis compacta, n. sp., × 400 1187

Fig. 8. Cyrtocalpis compacta, n. sp., × 400 1187

Longitudinal section.

Fig. 9. Carpocanistrum flosculum, n. sp., × 400 1171

Fig. 10. Carpocanistrum cephalum, n. sp., × 300 1171

Fig. 11. Carpocanistrum evacuatum, n. sp., × 400 1172

Fig. 12. Carpocanium verecundum, n. sp., × 400 1284

Vertical section through the top of the shell.

Fig. 13. Carpocanium verecundum, n. sp., × 400 1284

Fig. 14. Carpocanium irregulare, n. sp., × 400 1284

Fig. 15. Carpocanium hexagonale, n. sp., × 400 1282

Fig. 16. Carpocanium peristomium, n. sp., × 500 1283

Fig. 17. Carpocanium peristomium, n. sp., × 500 1283

Vertical section.

Fig. 18. Carpocanium trepanium, n. sp., × 600 1282

Peristome.

Fig. 19. Carpocanium petalospyris, n. sp., × 300 1283

Fig. 20. Carpocanium virgineum, n. sp., × 600 1285

Fig. 21. Tripodiscium sphærocephalum, n. sp., × 400 1144

Fig. 22. Tripodiscium tristylospyris, n. sp. (vel Tristylospyris tripodiscium), × 600 1143

Fig. 23. Tripodiscium ramosum, n. sp. (vel Tristylospyris ramosa), × 600 1144

PLATE 53.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Orders SPYROIDEA ET CYRTOIDEA.

Families ZYGOSPYRIDA, TRIPOCALPIDA, PHÆNOCALPIDA et CYRTOCALPIDA.

Fig. 1. Archicapsa triforis, n. sp., × 300 1191

Lateral view.

Fig. 2. Archicapsa triforis, n. sp., × 300 1191

Basal view.

Fig. 3. Halicapsa triglochin, n. sp., × 200 1190

Lateral view.

Fig. 4. Halicapsa triglochin, n. sp., × 200 1191

Basal view.

Fig. 5. Halicapsa hystrix, n. sp., × 200 1191

Lateral view.

Fig. 6. Halicapsa hystrix, n. sp., × 200 1191

Basal view.

Fig. 7. Cantharospyris platybursa, n. sp. (vel Platybursa compressa), × 400 1051

Fig. 8. Tessarospyris clathrobursa, n. sp. (vel Clathrobursa dictyopus), × 400 1045

Fig. 9. Peridium spinipes, n. sp., × 500 1154

Fig. 10. Peridium palmipes, n. sp., × 500 1154

Fig. 11. Archiscenium quadrispinum, n. sp., × 500 1150

In the spherical central capsule the dark nucleus is visible.

Fig. 12. Euscenium eucolpium, n. sp., × 500 1147

Fig. 13. Cladoscenium ancoratum, n. sp., × 400 1149

Fig. 14. Pteroscenium pinnatum, n. sp., × 400 1152

Lateral view.

Fig. 15. Pteroscenium pinnatum, n. sp., × 400 1152

Vertical section.

Fig. 16. Pteroscenium pinnatum, n. sp., × 400 1152

Basal view.

Fig. 17. Calpophæna hexarrhabda, n. sp., × 400 1176

Fig. 18. Calpophæna hexarrhabda, n. sp., × 400 1176

Basal plate.

Fig. 19. Tetraspyris tetracorethra, n. sp., × 400 1044

With the four-lobed central capsule, in each lobe an oil-globule.

Fig. 20. Tetraspyris tetracorethra, n. sp., × 800 1044

Shell more enlarged.

PLATE 54.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PHÆNOCALPIDA, CYRTOCALPIDA, ANTHOCYRTIDA et SETHOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Bathropyramis quadrata, n. sp., × 300 1159

Fig. 2. Sethopyramis quadrata, n. sp., × 300 1254

Fig. 3. Bathropyramis trapezoides, n. sp., × 300 1160

Fig. 4. Bathropyramis ramosa, n. sp., × 300 1161

Fig. 5. Peripyramis circumtexta, n. sp., × 300 1162

Fig. 6. Plectopyramis dodecomma, n. sp., × 400 1258

Fig. 7. Cinclopyramis infundibulum, n. sp., × 300 1161

Fig. 8. Plectopyramis trapezomma, n. sp., × 400 1258

Fig. 9. Cornutella hexagona, n. sp., × 400 1180

Fig. 10. Cornutella sethoconus, n. sp., × 400 1180

Fig. 11. Sethoconus orthoceras, n. sp., × 400 1294

Fig. 12. Sethoconus bimarginatus, n. sp., × 400 1295

PLATE 55.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PHÆNOCALPIDA, ANTHOCYRTIDA et SETHOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Sethoconus facetus, n. sp. (vel _Phlebarachnium facetum_), × 300 1296

Upper part of the shell.

Fig. 2. Sethoconus venosus, n. sp. (vel _Phlebarachnium venosum_), × 250 1297

Shell including the four-lobed central capsule.

Fig. 3. Sethophormis aurelia, n. sp. (vel _Leptarachnium aurelia_), × 100 1248

Shell seen from above.

Fig. 4. Sethophormis aurelia, n. sp., × 400 1248

Cephalis more enlarged, with the enclosed four-lobed central capsule.

Fig. 5. Cladarachnium ramosum, n. sp., × 300 1165

Apical view.

Fig. 6. Cladarachnium ramosum, n. sp., × 70 1165

Lateral view.

Fig. 7. Bathropyramis interrupta, n. sp., × 300 1160

Apical part of the shell, from above.

Fig. 8. Litharachnium araneosum, n. sp., × 300 1163

Apical part of the shell, from above.

Fig. 9. Litharachnium epeira, n. sp., × 500 1164

Oblique view of the shell.

Fig. 10. Litharachnium araneosum, n. sp., × 50 1163

Lateral view.

Fig. 11. Periarachnium periplectum, n. sp., × 500 1297

Shell enclosing the trilobed central capsule.

PLATE 56.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCYRTIDA, ANTHOCYRTIDA et SETHOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Lithomelissa bütschlii, n. sp. (vel _Sethomelissa bütschlii_), × 400 1207

Fig. 2. Lithomelissa decacantha, n. sp. (vel Sethomelissa decacantha), × 400 1208

Fig. 3. Psilomelissa calvata, n. sp., × 400 1209

The cephalis alone, with the three collar beams.

Fig. 4. Lychnodictyum scaphopodium, n. sp., × 400 1231

Fig. 5. Sethophormis pentalactis, n. sp. (vel Pentaphormis pentalactis), × 400 1244

Oblique view of the shell, from below.

Fig. 6. Sethophormis hexalactis, n. sp. (vel _Hexaphormis hexalactis_), × 400 1245

Central part of the shell, with the cortinar septum.

Fig. 7. Sethopyramis enneactis, n. sp. (vel Cephalopyramis enneactis), × 400 1254

Fig. 8. Plectopyramis polypleura, n. sp. (vel Sethopyramis polypleura), × 200 1260

Fig. 9. Sethophormis eupilium, n. sp. (vel _Craspedilium eupilium_), × 400 1247

Fig. 10. Plectopyramis spongiosa, n. sp. (vel Spongopyramis spongiosa), × 400 1261

Fig. 11. Arachnocorys araneosa, n. sp., × 500 1266

Fig. 12. Sethophormis dodecaster, n. sp. (vel Astrophormis dodecaster), × 200 1248

Fig. 13. Sethocephalus eucecryphalus, n. sp., × 400 1298

PLATE 57.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCYRTIDA, ANTHOCYRTIDA et SETHOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Dicolocapsa microcephala, n. sp., × 400 1312

Fig. 2. Sethocapsa pyriformis, n. sp., × 300 1310

Fig. 3. Lithopera ananassa, n. sp., × 500 1234

Fig. 4. Sethamphora favosa, n. sp. (vel _Cryptoprora favosa_), × 400 1252

Fig. 5. Sethamphora microstoma, n. sp. (vel _Cryptoprora microstoma_), × 300 1252

Fig. 6. Clistophæna hexolena, n. sp., × 300 1287

Fig. 7. Clistophæna armata, n. sp., × 300 1288

Fig. 8. Clathromitra pterophormis, n. sp., × 400 1219

Fig. 9. Sethophormis rotula, n. sp. (vel _Enneaphormis rotula_), × 400 1246

Fig. 10. Dictyophimus sphærocephalus, n. sp., × 400 1195

Fig. 11. Peromelissa phalacra, n. sp., × 400 1236

Fig. 12. Peromelissa calva, n. sp., × 300 1237

Fig. 13. Sethochytris triconiscus, n. sp., × 300 1239

Fig. 14. Micromelissa bombus, n. sp., × 300 1235

PLATE 58.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCYRTIDA, SETHOCYRTIDA, PHORMOCYRTIDA et THEOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Cecryphalium sestrodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1399

Apical view.

Fig. 2. Cecryphalium lamprodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1398

Apical view.

Fig. 3. Clathrocyclas coscinodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1389

Apical view.

Fig. 4. Clathrocyclas coscinodiscus, n. sp., × 700 1389

The cephalis alone, with the two horns.

Fig. 5. Clathrocyclas semeles, n. sp., × 400 1388

Lateral view.

Fig. 6. Sethoconus capreolus, n. sp., × 400 1291

Lateral view.

Fig. 7. Lampromitra quadricuspis, n. sp., × 400 1214

Apical view.

Fig. 8. Lampromitra furcata, n. sp., × 400 1215

The collar septum after removal of the cephalis.

Fig. 9. Lampromitra dendrocorona, n. sp., × 400 1216

Apical view.

PLATE 59.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCYRTIDA, PODOCYRTIDA et PHORMOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Lampromitra huxleyi, n. sp., × 400 1215

Fig. 2. Amphiplecta callistoma, n. sp., × 400 1224

Fig. 3. Corocalyptra agnesæ, n. sp., × 400 1323

Fig. 4. Corocalyptra emmæ, n. sp., × 400 1323

The shell encloses the trilobate central capsule, with the trilobate nucleus.

Fig. 5. Clathrocyclas cassiopejæ, n. sp., × 400 1390

Fig. 6. Clathrocyclas alcmenæ, n. sp., × 400 1388

Fig. 7. Clathrocyclas latonæ, n. sp., × 400 1389

Apical view.

Fig. 8. Diplocylas bicorona, n. sp., × 400 1392

Fig. 9. Clathrocyclas ionis, n. sp., × 400 1389

Fig. 10. Corocalyptra elisabethæ, n. sp., × 400 1323

Oblique apical view of the shell, with the quadrilobate central capsule enclosed.

Fig. 11. Clathrocyclas europæ, n. sp., × 400 1388

Apical view of the shell, after removal of the cephalis.

Fig. 12. Clathrocyclas europæ, n. sp., × 400 1388

Central capsule, seen from above, with the quadrilobate nucleus.

Fig. 13. Clathrocyclas danaës, n. sp., × 300 1388

Vertical section through the cephalis and the quadrilobate central capsule, with the quadrilobate nucleus.

Fig. 14. Clathrocyclas danaës, n. sp., × 300 1388

Apical view of the shell.

PLATE 60.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family TRIPOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Dictyophimus cienkowskii, n. sp. (vel Lamprotripus squarrosus), × 300 1200

Shell seen from the side.

Fig. 2. Dictyophimus bütschlii, n. sp. (vel _Lamprotripus horridus_), × 300 1201

Fig. 3. Dictyophimus hertwigii, n. sp. (vel _Lamprotripus spinosus_), × 400 1201

The cephalis of the shell includes the central capsule, with three lobes depending in the pyramidal thorax.

Fig. 4. Dictyophimus platycephalus, n. sp., × 400 1198

Central capsule with four thoracic lobes, each of which contains an oil-globule; kidney-shaped nucleus in the cephalic lobe.

Fig. 5. Dictyophimus platycephalus, n. sp., × 400 1198

Shell seen from the side.

Fig. 6. Dictyophimus brandtii, n. sp., × 300 1198

Shell seen from the base, with the four large pores of the collar septum, two minor jugular and two major cardinal pores.

Fig. 7. Lampromitra coronata, n. sp., × 400 1214

Shell seen from below, with the quadrilobate central capsule.

Fig. 7_a_. A portion of the shell-margin, × 800 1214

Fig. 8. Lampromitra arborescens, n. sp., × 400 1216

Shell from above.

Fig. 8_a_. The collar septum with the four crossed rods of the cortina, × 400 1216

Fig. 9. Tripocyrtis plectaniscus, n. sp., × 400 1202

Fig. 10. Tripocyrtis plagoniscus, n. sp., × 400 1201

PLATE 61.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family TRIPOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Dictyophimus cortina, n. sp., × 400 1197

Fig. 2. Lychnocanium pudicum, n. sp., × 200 1230

Fig. 3. Dictyophimus longipes, n. sp., × 400 1197

Fig. 4. Lychnocanium clavigerum, n. sp., × 300 1230

Fig. 5. Dictyophimus lasanum, n. sp., × 300 1197

Fig. 6. Lychnocanium favosum, n. sp., × 300 1225

Fig. 7. Lychnocanium lanterna, n. sp., × 300 1224

Fig. 8. Dictyophimus plectaniscus, n. sp., × 300 1196

Apical view.

Fig. 9. Dictyophimus plectaniscus, n. sp., × 300 1196

Lateral view.

Fig. 10. Lychnocanium fenestratum, n. sp., × 400 1228

Fig. 11. Lychnocanium pyriforme, n. sp., × 300 1225

Fig. 12. Lychnocanium fortipes, n. sp., × 300 1227

Fig. 13. Lychnocanium tuberosum, n. sp., × 300 1227

Fig. 14. Lychnocanium nodosum, n. sp., × 300 1225

Fig. 15. Lychnocanium sigmopodium, n. sp., × 400 1228

Fig. 16. Dictyophimus pyramis, n. sp., × 300 1196

Fig. 17. Dictyophimus triserratus, n. sp., × 300 1200

PLATE 62.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families ANTHOCYRTIDA, SETHOCYRTIDA et PHORMOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Dictyocephalus australis, n. sp., × 300 1306

Fig. 2. Dictyocephalus mediterraneus, n. sp., × 300 1307

Fig. 3. Sethamphora costata, n. sp. (vel _Dictyocephalus costatus_), × 300 1251

Fig. 4. Dictyocephalus amphora, n. sp., × 400 1305

Fig. 5. Cycladophora (?) favosa, n. sp. (an Dictyocephalus?), × 400 1380

Fig. 6. Cycladophora (?) favosa, n. sp. (an Dictyocephalus?), × 400 1380

A variety with obliterated ribs (?).

Fig. 7. Dictyocephalus globiceps, n. sp., × 400 1308

Fig. 8. Sethocorys achillis, n. sp., × 400 1301

Fig. 9. Sethocyrtis oxycephalis, n. sp., × 400 1299

Fig. 10. Sethocorys odysseus, n. sp., × 400 1302

Fig. 11. Sethocyrtis agamemnonis, n. sp., × 300 1300

Seen from above (apical view).

Fig. 11A. Sethocyrtis agamemnonis, n. sp., × 300 1300

Seen from above, after removal of the cephalis.

Fig. 12. Anthocyrtium pyrum, n. sp., × 400 1276

Fig. 13. Anthocyrtis ovata, n. sp., × 300 1272

Fig. 14. Anthocyrtium chrysanthemum, n. sp × 400 1272

Fig. 15. Anthocyrtidium ligularia, n. sp., × 400 1278

Fig. 16. Anthocyrtidium cineraria, n. sp., × 400 1278

Fig. 17. Anthocyrtium campanula, n. sp., × 400 1274

Fig. 18. Anthocyrtium doronicum, n. sp., × 300 1276

Fig. 19. Anthocyrtium flosculus, n. sp., × 300 1277

Fig. 20. Anthocyrtium adonis, n. sp., × 300 1273

Fig. 21. Sethoconus anthocyrtis, n. sp. (vel Anthocyrtium sethoconium), × 300 1296

PLATE 63.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family TRIPOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Callimitra carolotæ, n. sp., × 400 1217

Lateral view.

Fig. 2. Callimitra annæ, n. sp., × 400 1217

Dorsal view.

Fig. 3. Callimitra emmæ, n. sp., × 300 1218

Lateral view.

Fig. 4. Callimitra emmæ, n. sp., × 400 1218

Cephalis alone, with the enclosed four-lobed central capsule, and the internal four divergent beams; surrounded by some scattered xanthellæ.

Fig. 5. Callimitra agnesæ, n. sp., × 400 1217

Dorsal view.

Fig. 6. Callimitra elisabethæ, n. sp., × 400 1218

Lateral view.

Fig. 7. Callimitra carolotæ, n. sp., × 200 1217

Seen from above (from the apical pole).

Fig. 8. Callimitra carolotæ, n. sp., × 200 1217

Seen from below (from the basal pole).

PLATE 64.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCYRTIDA et PODOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Clathrocanium sphærocephalum, n. sp., × 600 1211

Fig. 2. Clathrocanium diadema, n. sp., × 600 1212

Fig. 3. Clathrocanium triomma, n. sp., × 600 1211

Fig. 4. Clathrocanium reginæ, n. sp., × 600 1212

Fig. 5. Clathrolychnus araneosus, n. sp., × 600 1240

Fig. 6. Clathrolychnus periplectus, n. sp., × 600 1241

Fig. 7. Pteropilium clathrocanium, n. sp., × 400 1327

Fig. 8. Clathrocorys murrayi, n. sp., × 600 1219

Fig. 9. Clathrocorys giltschii, n. sp., × 600 1220

Fig. 10. Clathrocorys teuscheri, n. sp., × 600 1220

PLATE 65.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family PHORMOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Alacorys friderici, n. sp. (vel _Hexalacorys friderici_), × 400 1372

The central capsule, enclosed in the fenestrated shell, exhibits in its lower half four large club-shaped lobes, each of which includes in its upper part a large oil-globule. The uppermost, undivided part of the capsule includes the nucleus, which protrudes four small nuclear lobes through the four holes of the cortinar septum into the thorax. Numerous long pseudopodia arise from the granular sarcomatrix, which the capsule surrounds, and pass through the pores of the siliceous shell.

Fig. 2. Alacorys guilelmi, n. sp. (vel _Hexalacorys guilelmi_), × 300 1372

Fig. 3. Alacorys bismarckii, n. sp. (vel _Pentalacorys bismarckii_), × 200 1372

Fig. 4. Alacorys lutheri, n. sp. (vel _Tetralacorys lutheri_), × 400 1370

Fig. 5. Cycladophora goetheana, n. sp. (vel _Lampterium goetheanum_), × 300 1376

PLATE 66.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family THEOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Tricolocapsa theophrasti, n. sp., × 400 1432

Fig. 2. Tricolocapsa schleidenii, n. sp., × 300 1433

Fig. 3. Tricolocapsa dioscoridis, n. sp., × 300 1432

Fig. 4. Tricolocapsa decandollei, n. sp., × 300 1433

Fig. 5. Tricolocapsa linnæi, n. sp., × 400 1432

Fig. 6. Theocapsa aristotelis, n. sp., × 300 1427

Fig. 7. Theocapsa mülleri, n. sp., × 400 1431

Fig. 8. Theocapsa democriti, n. sp., × 400 1427

Fig. 9. Theocapsa forskalii, n. sp., × 400 1429

Fig. 10. Theocapsa cuvieri, n. sp., × 400 1430

Fig. 11. Theocapsa wottonis, n. sp., × 400 1428

Fig. 12. Theocapsa darwinii, n. sp., × 300 1431

Fig. 13. Theocapsa linnæi, n. sp., × 400 1429

Fig. 14. Theocapsa wolffii, n. sp., × 400 1429

Fig. 15. Theocapsa malpighii, n. sp., × 400 1428

Fig. 16. Theocapsa lamarckii, n. sp., × 400 1430

Fig. 17. Tricolocampe amphizona, n. sp., × 400 1413

Fig. 18. Theocampe collaris, n. sp., × 300 1425

Fig. 19. Tricolocampe polyzona, n. sp., × 400 1412

Fig. 20. Tricolocampe stenozona, n. sp., × 400 1413

Fig. 21. Tricolocampe cylindrica, n. sp., × 300 1412

Fig. 22. Tricolocampe urnula, n. sp., × 400 1422

Fig. 23. Theocampe stenostoma, n. sp., × 300 1423

Fig. 24. Theocampe costata, n. sp., × 300 1424

Fig. 25. Theocampe sphærothorax, n. sp., × 300 1424

PLATE 67.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family PODOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Lithornithium falco, n. sp., × 400 1355

Fig. 2. Lithornithium fringilla, n. sp., × 400 1355

Fig. 3. Lithornithium ciconia, n. sp., × 400 1354

Fig. 4. Lithornithium trochilus, n. sp., × 400 1355

Fig. 5. Theopera fusiformis, n. sp., × 400 1357

Fig. 6. Theopera chytropus, n. sp., × 400 1358

Fig. 7. Theopera prismatica, n. sp., × 300 1357

Fig. 8. Theopera cortina, n. sp., × 400 1358

Fig. 9. Rhopalocanium delphicum, n. sp., × 400 1360

Fig. 10. Rhopalocanium lasanum, n. sp., × 300 1359

Fig. 11. Lithochytris lanterna, n. sp., × 300 1364

Fig. 12. Lithochytris cortina, n. sp., × 300 1362

Fig. 13. Lithochytris pyriformis, n. sp., × 400 1362

Fig. 14. Lithochytris lucerna, n. sp., × 300 1364

Fig. 15. Lithochytris pteropus, n. sp., × 300 1364

Fig. 16. Lithochytris galeata, n. sp., × 400 1363

PLATE 68.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PODOCYRTIDA, PHORMOCYRTIDA et THEOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Axocorys macroceros, n. sp., × 300 1420

Fig. 1_a_. The internal axial rod of the shell, which bears on its basal part three verticils of three diverging forked spines, × 300

Fig. 2. Cycladophora fenestrata, n. sp., × 300 1380

Fig. 3. Cycladophora pantheon, n. sp., × 400 1379

Fig. 4. Theosyringium tibia, n. sp., × 300 1409

Fig. 5. Theosyringium pipetta, n. sp., × 200 1409

Fig. 6. Pterocorys tubulosa, n. sp., × 400 1319

Fig. 7. Pterocanium pyramis, n. sp., × 400 1330

Fig. 8. Thyrsocyrtis rhizopodium, n. sp., × 300 1351

Fig. 9. Thyrsocyrtis arborescens, n. sp., × 400 1350

Fig. 10. Rhopalatractus foveolatus, n. sp., × 400 1361

Fig. 11. Rhopalatractus pentacanthus, n. sp., × 300 1361

Fig. 12. Rhopalatractus fenestratus, n. sp. (vel Dictyatractus fenestratus), × 300 1361

Fig. 13. Hexalatractus fusiformis, n. sp., × 300 1391

Fig. 14. Sethornithium dictyopterum, n. sp., × 300 1356

The trilobate central capsule, which contains in its uppermost part the trilobate nucleus, and in the basal part of each lobe an oil-globule.

Fig. 15. Lophocyrtis synapta, n. sp., × 300 1411

The quadrilobate central capsule, which contains in its uppermost part the quadrilobate nucleus, and in the basal part of each lobe an oil-globule.

PLATE 69.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PHORMOCYRTIDA et THEOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Theocorys plutonis, n. sp., × 400 1416

Fig. 2. Lophoconus rhinoceros, n. sp., × 400 1405

Fig. 3. Theocorys apollinis, n. sp., × 300 1418

Fig. 4. Theoconus jovis, n. sp., × 400 1401

Fig. 5. Theocorys veneris, n. sp., × 300 1415

Fig. 6. Phormocyrtis costata, n. sp., × 300 1369

Fig. 7. Theoconus junonis, n. sp., × 300 1401

Fig. 8. Theocyrtis ptychodes, n. sp., × 400 1408

Fig. 9. Lophocorys astrocephala, n. sp., × 300 1421

Fig. 10. Theocorys obliqua, n. sp., × 400 1417

Fig. 11. Theocorys dianæ, n. sp., × 400 1416

Fig. 12. Lophocorys bovicornis, n. sp., × 300 1422

Fig. 13. Theocyrtis macroceros, n. sp., × 400 1407

Fig. 14. Theocorys minervæ, n. sp., × 300 1419

Fig. 15. Phormocyrtis longicornis, n. sp., × 400 1370

Fig. 16. Theocorys ovata, n. sp., × 300 1416

PLATE 70.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families ANTHOCYRTIDA, PODOCYRTIDA, PHORMOCYRTIDA et THEOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Theophormis callipilium, n. sp., × 300 1367

Fig. 2. Theophormis callipilium, n. sp., × 300 1367

The four cruciate rods of the cortinar septum and the vertical columella in its centre.

Fig. 3. Theophormis callipilium, n. sp., × 400 1367

The cephalis alone with the enclosed quadrilobate central capsule, which is surrounded by numerous xanthellæ.

Fig. 4. Sethophormis umbrella, n. sp., × 150 1248

Fig. 5. Sethophormis umbrella, n. sp., × 400 1248

Cephalis with the cruciform cortinar septum.

Fig. 6. Theopilium tricostatum, n. sp., × 400 1322

Seen from above.

Fig. 7. Phrenocodon clathrostomium, n. sp., × 250 1434

Vertical section through the shell.

Fig. 8. Phrenocodon clathrostomium, n. sp., × 500 1434

Shell seen half from below, and exhibiting the fenestrated septum between thorax and abdomen.

Fig. 9. Pteropilium stratiotes, n. sp., × 400 1326

Fig. 10. Pteropilium stratiotes, n. sp., × 400 1326

The three rods of the cortinar septum and the three arches connecting them with the central axial columella.

Fig. 11. Pterocodon ornatus, n. sp., × 300 1333

Fig. 12. Theophæna corona, n. sp., × 300 1394

PLATE 71.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family PODOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Pterocorys rhinoceros, n. sp., × 400 1320

Fig. 2. Pterocorys columba, n. sp., × 400 1317

Fig. 3. Pterocorys campanula, n. sp., × 400 1316

Fig. 4. Pterocorys hirundo, n. sp., × 300 1318

Fig. 5. Pterocorys aquila, n. sp., × 300 1317

Fig. 6. Dictyoceras insectum, n. sp., × 400 1324

Fig. 7. Dictyoceras insectum, n. sp., × 400 1324

Seen from the apex.

Fig. 8. Dictyoceras formica, n. sp., × 400 1325

Fig. 9. Dictyoceras melitta, n. sp., × 400 1325

Seen from the apex.

Fig. 10. Dictyoceras bombus, n. sp., × 400 1325

Fig. 11. Dictyocodon annasethe, n. sp., × 400 1334

Fig. 12. Dictyocodon palladius, n. sp., × 300 1335

Fig. 13. Dictyocodon palladius, n. sp., × 600 1335

Apical part of the shell alone.

Fig. 14. Dictyocodon carolotæ, n. sp., × 300 1335

PLATE 72.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family PODOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Podocyrtis prismatica, n. sp., × 300 1340

Fig. 2. Podocyrtis corythæola, n. sp., × 300 1339

Fig. 3. Podocyrtis lithoconus, n. sp., × 300 1348

Fig. 4. Podocyrtis tripodiscus, n. sp., × 300 1338

Fig. 5. Podocyrtis magnifica, n. sp., × 500 1341

Fig. 6. Podocyrtis divergens, n. sp., × 400 1340

Fig. 7. Podocyrtis cristata, n. sp., × 400 1342

Fig. 8. Podocyrtis pedicellaria, n. sp., × 300 1347

Fig. 9. Podocyrtis flosculata, n. sp., × 500 1341

Fig. 10. Podocyrtis surena, n. sp., × 400 1339

PLATE 73.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PODOCYRTIDA et PHORMOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Pterocanium tricolpum, n. sp., × 400 1331

Fig. 2. Pterocanium orcinum, n. sp., × 400 1329

Fig. 3. Pterocanium gravidum, n. sp., × 400 1329

Fig. 4. Pterocanium eucolpum, n. sp., × 400 1332

Fig. 5. Pterocanium bicorne, n. sp., × 400 1332

Fig. 6. Pterocanium virgineum, n. sp., × 400 1330

Fig. 7. Dictyopodium thyrsolophus, n. sp., × 300 1354

Fig. 8. Dictyopodium scaphopodium, n. sp., × 300 1353

Fig. 9. Calocyclas monumentum, n. sp., × 400 1385

Fig. 10. Calocyclas casta, n. sp., × 400 1384

PLATE 74.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family PHORMOCYRTIDA.

Fig. 1. Calocyclas parthenia, n. sp., × 400 1385

Fig. 2. Calocyclas amicæ, n. sp., × 400 1382

Fig. 3. Calocyclas vestalis, n. sp., × 400 1382

Fig. 4. Calocyclas virginis, n. sp., × 300 1381

Fig. 5. Calocyclas veneris, n. sp., × 300 1381

Fig. 6. Clathrocyclas basilea, n. sp. (vel _Calocyclas basilea_), × 400 1386

Fig. 7. Clathrocyclas principessa, n. sp. (vel Calocyclas principessa), × 400 1386

Fig. 8. Clathrocyclas collaris, n. sp. (vel _Calocyclas collaris_), × 400 1387

Fig. 9. Alacorys carcinus, n. sp. (vel _Calocyclas carcinus_), × 300 1375

Fig. 10. Lamprocyclas deflorata, n. sp., × 200 1391

Fig. 11. Lamprocyclas reginæ, n. sp., × 400 1391

Fig. 12. Lamprocyclas reginæ, n. sp., × 800 1391

Two meshes of the network.

Fig. 13. Lamprocyclas maritalis, n. sp., × 400 1390

Fig. 14. Lamprocyclas maritalis, n. sp., × 400 1390

Vertical section.

Fig. 15. Lamprocyclas nuptialis, n. sp., × 400 1390

Fig. 16. Lamprocyclas saltatricis, n. sp., × 400 1391

PLATE 75.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PODOCAMPIDA et PHORMOCAMPIDA.

Fig. 1. Artopilium elegans, n. sp. (vel _Trictenartus elegans_), × 200 1440

Fig. 2. Artophormis horrida, n. sp., × 300 1458

Fig. 3. Cyrtopera thoracoptera, n. sp. (vel _Artopera thoracoptera_), × 300 1450

Fig. 4. Stichophæna ærostatica, n. sp. (vel _Artophæna ærostatica_), × 400 1463

Fig. 5. Cyrtophormis turricula, n. sp., × 300 1463

Fig. 6. Stichopodium dictyopodium, n. sp., × 400 1447

Fig. 7. Artopilium trifenestra, n. sp. (vel Clathropyrgus trifenestra), × 500 1441

Fig. 8. Artopilium stichopterygium, n. sp., × 400 1442

Fig. 9. Stichophormis cornutella, n. sp., × 400 1455

Fig. 10. Cyrtopera laguncula, n. sp. (vel _Cyrtolagena laguncula_), × 400 1451

Fig. 11. Stichopera pectinata, n. sp., × 500 1449

Fig. 12. Stichophæna ritteriana, n. sp., × 400 1465

PLATE 76.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PHORMOCAMPIDA et LITHOCAMPIDA.

Fig. 1. Stichocapsa pentacola, n. sp., × 400 1517

Fig. 2. Stichocapsa hexacola, n. sp., × 400 1517

Fig. 3. Stichocapsa compacta, n. sp., × 400 1517

Fig. 4. Stichocapsa paniscus, n. sp., × 400 1518

Fig. 5. Artocapsa fusiformis, n. sp., × 400 1519

Fig. 6. Stichophæna nonaria, n. sp., × 200 1466

Fig. 7. Stichophæna novena, n. sp., × 400 1466

Fig. 8. Artocapsa elegans, n. sp., × 400 1520

Fig. 9. Cyrtocapsa chrysalidium, n. sp., × 400 1515

Fig. 10. Artocapsa spinosa, n. sp., × 400 1519

Fig. 11. Spirocampe callispira, n. sp., × 300 1511

Fig. 12. Spirocampe allospira, n. sp., × 400 1511

Fig. 13. Spirocyrtis cornutella, n. sp., × 400 1509

Fig. 14. Spirocyrtis scalaris, n. sp., × 400 1509

Fig. 15. Spirocyrtis merospira, n. sp., × 500 1510

Fig. 16. Spirocyrtis holospira, n. sp., × 400 1509

Fig. 17. Spirocyrtis diplospira, n. sp., × 400 1510

PLATE 77.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PODOCAMPIDA, PHORMOCAMPIDA et LITHOCAMPIDA.

Fig. 1. Lithocampe ovata, n. sp., × 500 1504

Fig. 2. Lithocampe urceolata, n. sp., × 400 1507

Fig. 3. Lithocampe diploconus, n. sp., × 400 1505

Fig. 4. Dictyomitra eurythorax, n. sp., × 300 1477

Fig. 5. Eucyrtidium teuscheri, n. sp., × 400 1491

Fig. 6. Lithostrobus cornutus, n. sp., × 400 1474

Fig. 7. Eucyrtidium bütschlii, n. sp., × 400 1492

Fig. 8. Cyrtocapsa compacta, n. sp., × 300 1512

Fig. 9. Stichopilium bicorne, n. sp., × 600 1437

Fig. 10. Artopilium longicorne, n. sp., × 500 1440

Fig. 11. Stichopilium campanulatum, n. sp., × 400 1438

Fig. 12. Artopilium cyrtopterum, n. sp., × 400 1440

Fig. 13. Phormocampe campanula, n. sp., × 400 1456

Fig. 14. Phormocampe eucalyptra, n. sp., × 300 1457

Fig. 15. Cyrtophormis corona, n. sp., × 300 1462

Fig. 16. Phormocampe lamprocyclas, n. sp., × 300 1457

Fig. 17. Cyrtophormis cylindrica, n. sp., × 300 1461

Fig. 18. Cyrtophormis cornuta, n. sp., × 500 1462

PLATE 78.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PHORMOCAMPIDA et LITHOCAMPIDA.

Fig. 1. Stichocapsa tetracola, n. sp., × 600 1515

Fig. 2. Stichocapsa tricincta, n. sp., × 400 1516

Fig. 3. Stichocapsa quadrigata, n. sp., × 400 1515

Fig. 4. Stichocapsa monstrosa, n. sp., × 400 1517

Fig. 5. Cyrtocapsa tetrapera, n. sp., × 300 1512

Fig. 6. Cyrtocapsa diploconus, n. sp., × 300 1513

Fig. 7. Cyrtocapsa fusulus, n. sp., × 400 1514

Fig. 8. Cyrtocapsa pyrum, n. sp., × 400 1513

Fig. 9. Cyrtocapsa cornuta, n. sp., × 400 1513

Fig. 10. Eusyringium conosiphon, n. sp., × 400 1496

Fig. 11. Eusyringium pachysiphon, n. sp., × 400 1496

Fig. 12. Eusyringium macrosiphon, n. sp., × 400 1497

Fig. 13. Eucyrtidium tricinctum, n. sp., × 400 1494

Fig. 14. Eucyrtidium armatum, n. sp., × 400 1495

Fig. 15. Eucyrtidium ehrenbergii, n. sp., × 300 1495

Fig. 16. Eucyrtidium conostoma, n. sp., × 400 1495

Fig. 17. Cyrtophormis armata, n. sp., × 400 1460

Fig. 18. Cyrtophormis cingulata, n. sp., × 400 1460

PLATE 79.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families PHORMOCAMPIDA et LITHOCAMPIDA.

Fig. 1. Lithomitra nodosaria, n. sp., × 600 1484

Fig. 2. Cyrtophormis tabulata, n. sp., × 400 1166

Fig. 3. Lithomitra eruca, n. sp., × 500 1485

Fig. 4. Lithomitra chrysalis, n. sp., × 300 1485

Fig. 5. Lithomitra infundibulum, n. sp., × 500 1487

Fig. 6. Lithocampe octocola, n. sp., × 400 1508

Fig. 7. Lithocampe hexacola, n. sp., × 400 1507

Fig. 8. Lithocampe heptacola, n. sp., × 400 1508

Fig. 9. Stichophormis novena, n. sp., × 400 1455

Fig. 10. Siphocampe annulosa, n. sp., × 300 1500

Fig. 11. Siphocampe erucosa, n. sp., × 300 1500

Fig. 12. Siphocampe caminosa, n. sp., × 400 1500

Fig. 13. Siphocampe tubulosa, n. sp., × 400 1500

Fig. 14. Siphocampe spiralis, n. sp., × 500 1501

Fig. 15. Lithostrobus seriatus, n. sp., × 400 1474

Fig. 16. Artostrobus articulatus, n. sp., × 400 1483

Fig. 17. Lithostrobus lithobotrys, n. sp., × 400 1475

Fig. 18. Lithostrobus botryocyrtis, n. sp., × 400 1475

Fig. 19. Lithostrobus botryocyrtis, n. sp., × 400 1475

Vertical section through the cephalis.

Fig. 20. Lithostrobus hexagonalis, n. sp., × 400 1475

PLATE 80.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Family LITHOCAMPIDA.

Fig. 1. Lithostrobus conulus, n. sp. (vel _Cyrtostrobus conulus_), × 400 1472

Fig. 2. Lithostrobus cyrtoceras, n. sp. (vel Cornustrobus cyrtoceras), × 400 1470

Fig. 3. Stichocorys huschkei, n. sp., × 400 1480

Fig. 4. Lithostrobus caloceras, n. sp. (vel _Cornustrobus caloceras_), × 400 1471

Fig. 5. Stichocorys okenii, n. sp., × 300 1480

Fig. 6. Lithostrobus tetrastichus, n. sp. (vel Conostrobus tetrastichus), × 500 1470

Fig. 7. Stichocorys panderi, n. sp., × 400 1479

Fig. 8. Stichocorys baerii, n. sp., × 400 1479

Fig. 9. Eucyrtidium cienkowskii, n. sp., × 400 1493

Fig. 10. Stichocorys wolffii, n. sp., × 400 1479

Fig. 11. Eucyrtidium hexagonatum, n. sp., × 600 1489

Fig. 12. Eucyrtidium hertwigii, n. sp., × 400 1491

Fig. 13. Eusyringium cannostoma, n. sp., × 600 1499

Fig. 14. Eusyringium siphonostoma, n. sp., × 500 1499

Fig. 15. Lithostrobus hexastichus, n. sp. (vel Artostrobus hexastichus), × 500 1470

PLATE 81.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order STEPHOIDEA.

Family STEPHANIDA.

Fig. 1. Archicircus primordialis, n. sp., × 200 942

Fig. 2. Zygocircus polygonus, n. sp., × 200 947

Fig. 3. Zygocircus triquetrus, n. sp., × 300 947

Fig. 4. Archicircus hexacanthus, n. sp., × 300 942

Fig. 5. Zygocircus acacia, n. sp., × 300 947

Fig. 6. Lithocircus crambessa, n. sp., × 400 944

Fig. 7. Archicircus rhombus, n. sp., × 300 942

Fig. 8. Zygocircus pentagonus, n. sp., × 300 946

Fig. 9. Lithocircus quadricornis, n. sp., × 300 944

Fig. 10. Dendrocircus arborescens, n. sp., × 300 949

Fig. 11. Dendrocircus dodecancistra, n. sp., × 300 949

Fig. 12. Archicircus sexangularis, n. sp., × 300 943

Fig. 13. Dendrocircus elegans, n. sp., × 400 949

Fig. 14. Dendrocircus stalactites, n. sp., × 400 950

Fig. 15. Lithocircus decimalis, n. sp., × 300 944

Fig. 16. Lithocircus magnificus, n. sp., × 400 945

The ovate, red-coloured central capsule exhibits in the lower half the striate podoconus, in the upper half four oil-globules, and at the left the kidney-shaped nucleus. Numerous "yellow cells" or xanthellæ are scattered in the calymma, which contains brown pigment around the porochora. Numerous pseudopodia radiate from the supporting spines of the sagittal ring.

Fig. 17. Lithocircus hexablastus, n. sp., × 400 944

PLATE 82.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order STEPHOIDEA.

Families CORONIDA et TYMPANIDA.

Fig. 1. Coronidium cervicorne, n. sp., × 400 974

Seen from the apical pole.

Fig. 2. Coronidium acacia, n. sp., × 300 975

Fig. 3. Eucoronis angulata, n. sp., × 400 978

Half from the apical, half from the dorsal side.

Fig. 4. Eucoronis challengeri, n. sp., × 400 978

The red central capsule encloses a large ovate nucleus and is surrounded by numerous xanthellæ.

Fig. 5. Eucoronis nephrospyris, n. sp., × 300 977

Fig. 6. Eucoronis perspicillum, n. sp., × 300 977

Fig. 7. Coronidium dyostephanus, n. sp., × 400 974

Seen from the apical pole.

Fig. 8. Coronidium diadema, n. sp., × 300 974

Fig. 9. Acrocubus octopylus, n. sp., × 300 993

Fig. 10. Parastephanus asymmetricus, n. sp., × 400 1008

Fig. 11. Eutympanium militare, n. sp., × 400 1014

Oblique view.

Fig. 12. Lithocubus astragalus, n. sp., × 400 1012

Fig. 13. Trissocircus globus, n. sp., × 400 986

PLATE 83.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Orders STEPHOIDEA ET SPYROIDEA.

Families STEPHANIDA, SEMANTIDA, CORONIDA, TYMPANIDA, ZYGOSPYRIDA, PHORMOSPYRIDA et ANDROSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Lithotympanum tuberosum, n. sp., × 400 1006

Fig. 2. Eutympanium musicantum, n. sp., × 300 1013

Fig. 3. Semantis distephanus, n. sp., × 300 957

Fig. 4. Sphærospyris globosa, n. sp., × 300 1100

Fig. 5. Trissocyclus stauroporus, n. sp., × 200 987

Fig. 6. Trissocircus binellipsis, n. sp., × 300 985

Fig. 7. Podocoronis toxarium, n. sp., × 200 980

Fig. 8. Androspyris anthropiscus, n. sp., × 400 1093

Fig. 9. Cortina tripus, n. sp., × 200 950

Fig. 10. Cephalospyris cancellata, n. sp., × 400 1035

Fig. 11. Tripospyris furcata, n. sp., × 400 1029

Fig. 12. Petalospyris novena, n. sp., × 400 1062

Basal view of the shell, with the cortinar septum.

Fig. 13. Rhodospyris tricornis, n. sp., × 400 1089

Fig. 14. Desmospyris mammillata, n. sp., × 400 1089

Fig. 15. Phormospyris tricostata, n. sp., × 400 1087

Fig. 16. Zygospyris equus, n. sp., × 300 1056

Fig. 17. Archicircus monostephus, n. sp., × 300 941

Fig. 18. Dipospyris cubus, n. sp., × 400 1036

Basal view of the shell, with the cortinar septum.

Fig. 19. Gamospyris circulus, n. sp., × 200 1042

Fig. 20. Stephanospyris excellens, n. sp., × 300 1043

PLATE 84.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order SPYROIDEA.

Family ZYGOSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Tripospyris capitata, n. sp., × 400 1028

Seen from the dorsal side.

Fig. 2. Tripospyris semantis, n. sp., × 300 1026

Seen from the ventral side.

Fig. 3. Tripospyris semantis, n. sp., × 300 1026

Seen from the lateral side.

Fig. 4. Tripospyris eucolpos, n. sp., × 300 1029

Seen from the dorsal side.

Fig. 5. Tripospyris diomma, n. sp., × 400 1026

Half from the right side, half from the basal side.

Fig. 6. Tripospyris cortiniscus, n. sp., × 500 1026

Half from the dorsal, half from the right side.

Fig. 6_a._ Frontal section through the ring, × 500

Fig. 7. Tripospyris conifera, n. sp., × 400 1027

Seen from the dorsal side.

Fig. 7_a._ From the basal side, × 200

Fig. 8. Tripospyris euscenium, n. sp. (vel _Euscenium tripospyris_), × 400 1147

Seen from the frontal or ventral side.

Fig. 9. Triceraspyris gazella, n. sp., × 500 1031

Seen from the ventral side.

Fig. 10. Triceraspyris damæcornis, n. sp., (vel Elaphospyris damæcornis?); compare p. 1032, × 400 1057

Seen from the apical (or basal?) side.

Fig. 11. Triceraspyris giraffa, n. sp., × 400 1031

Seen from the frontal side.

Fig. 12. Triceraspyris corallorrhiza, n. sp., × 400 1031

Seen from the frontal side.

Fig. 13. Tristylospyris scaphipes, n. sp., × 400 1033

Seen from the dorsal side.

Fig. 14. Tristylospyris palmipes, n. sp., × 400 1033

Seen from the dorsal side.

Fig. 15. Tristylospyris clavipes, n. sp., × 400 1033

Seen from the basal side.

PLATE 85.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order SPYROIDEA.

Family ZYGOSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Dipospyris forcipata, n. sp., × 300 1037

Fig. 2. Dipospyris irregularis, n. sp., × 200 1037

Fig. 3. Dipospyris chelifer, n. sp., × 300 1037

Fig. 4. Dorcadospyris dinoceras, n. sp., × 400 1041

Fig. 5. Dorcadospyris antilope, n. sp., × 200 1041

Fig. 6. Dorcadospyris dentata, n. sp., × 200 1040

Fig. 7. Dorcadospyris decussata, n. sp., × 200 1041

Fig. 8. Dendrospyris polyrrhiza, n. sp., × 200 1039

Fig. 9. Dendrospyris arborescens, n. sp., × 400 1040

Fig. 10. Stephanospyris cordata, n. sp., × 200 1042

Fig. 11. Stephanospyris verticillata, n. sp., × 300 1043

PLATE 86.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order SPYROIDEA.

Family ZYGOSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Ceratospyris polygona, n. sp., × 400 1066

Fig. 2. Ceratospyris strasburgeri, n. sp., × 400 1067

Fig. 3. Ceratospyris allmersii, n. sp., × 400 1067

Fig. 4. Ceratospyris mulderi, n. sp., × 400 1067

Fig. 5. Anthospyris aculeata, n. sp., × 400 1065

Fig. 6. Petalospyris dictyocubus, n. sp., × 400 1063

Fig. 7. Liriospyris hexapoda, n. sp., × 400 1049

Fig. 8. Aegospyris caprina, n. sp., × 400 1054

Fig. 9. Ceratospyris preyeri, n. sp., × 400 1068

Fig. 10. Ceratospyris krausei, n. sp., × 400 1068

Fig. 11. Ceratospyris carnerii, n. sp., × 400 1069

Fig. 12. Elaphospyris alcicornis, n. sp., × 400 1057

Fig. 13. Elaphospyris cervicornis, n. sp., × 400 1057

PLATE 87.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order SPYROIDEA.

Families ZYGOSPYRIDA et THOLOSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Gorgospyris medusa, n. sp., × 300 1070

Fig. 2. Gorgospyris medusetta, n. sp., × 300 1070

From the basal side, with the nine cortinar pores.

Fig. 3. Gorgospyris polypus, n. sp., × 300 1070

Fig. 4. Gorgospyris schizopodia, n. sp., × 400 1071

Fig. 5. Gorgospyris eurycolpos, n. sp., × 300 1071

Fig. 6. Gorgospyris liriope, n. sp., × 300 1071

Fig. 7. Tiarospyris pervia, n. sp., × 400 1082

Fig. 8. Tiarospyris amphora, n. sp., × 400 1083

Fig. 9. Tiarospyris mitra, n. sp., × 400 1082

From the ventral side.

Fig. 10. Tiarospyris mitra, n. sp., × 400 1082

From the dorsal side.

Fig. 11. Petalospyris octopus, n. sp., × 400 1061

Fig. 12. Petalospyris dinoceras, n. sp., × 400 1063

Fig. 13. Petalospyris lobata, n. sp., × 300 1064

Fig. 14. Petalospyris triomma, n. sp., × 200 1060

From the basal side, with the six cortinar pores.

Fig. 15. Anthospyris spathulata, n. sp., × 400 1065

Fig. 16. Anthospyris mammillata, n. sp., × 400 1064

Fig. 17. Anthospyris tragopogon, n. sp., × 300 1066

Fig. 18. Anthospyris doronicum, n. sp., × 300 1065

Fig. 19. Ceratospyris calorrhiza, n. sp., × 400 1069

PLATE 88.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Orders STEPHOIDEA ET SPYROIDEA.

Families TYMPANIDA et ANDROSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Toxarium circospyris, n. sp., × 400 995

Fig. 2. Amphispyris sternalis, n. sp., × 300 1096

Fig. 3. Amphispyris costata, n. sp., × 300 1097

Fig. 4. Amphispyris thorax, n. sp., × 300 1096

Fig. 5. Amphispyris subquadrata, n. sp., × 300 1097

Fig. 6. Amphispyris quadrigemina, n. sp., × 300 1096

Fig. 7. Amphispyris toxarium, n. sp., × 300 1097

Fig. 8. Tricolospyris baconiana, n. sp., × 400 1098

Fig. 9. Tricolospyris leibnitziana, n. sp., × 600 1098

Fig. 10. Tricolospyris kantiana, n. sp., × 600 1098

Fig. 11. Tricolospyris newtoniana, n. sp., × 400 1098

Fig. 12. Perispyris lentellipsis, n. sp., × 400 1099

Fig. 13. Perispyris bicincta, n. sp., × 400 1099

PLATE 89.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order SPYROIDEA.

Families ZYGOSPYRIDA, THOLOSPYRIDA et ANDROSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Tholospyris tripodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1079

Ventral side.

Fig. 2. Tholospyris fenestrata, n. sp., × 400 1079

Dorsal side.

Fig. 3. Tholospyris ramosa, n. sp., × 400 1079

Dorsal side.

Fig. 4. Tholospyris cupola, n. sp., × 400 1080

Ventral side.

Fig. 5. Therospyris leo, n. sp., × 400 1059

Ventral side.

Fig. 6. Therospyris felis, n. sp., × 400 1059

Dorsal side.

Fig. 7. Dictyospyris stalactites, n. sp., × 400 1073

Ventral side.

Fig. 8. Dictyospyris anthophora, n. sp., × 400 1076

Ventral side.

Fig. 9. Dictyospyris mammillaris, n. sp., × 400 1076

Ventral side.

Fig. 10. Dictyospyris mammillaris, n. sp., × 400 1076

Frontal section.

Fig. 11. Dictyospyris distoma, n. sp., × 300 1073

Ventral side.

Fig. 12. Dictyospyris distoma, n. sp., × 300 1073

Frontal section.

Fig. 13. Lamprospyris darwinii, n. sp., × 300 1094

Ventral side.

Fig. 14. Lamprospyris huxleyi, n. sp., × 300 1094

Ventral side.

PLATE 90.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order SPYROIDEA.

Family ANDROSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Nephrospyris paradictyum, n. sp. (vel Paradictyum paradoxum), × 250 1102

The complete shell, seen from the frontal side.

Fig. 2. Nephrospyris paradictyum, n. sp., × 250 1102

The incomplete shell, seen from the dorsal side.

Fig. 3. Nephrospyris paradictyum, n. sp., × 500 1102

The sagittal ring, isolated, from the dorsal side; more enlarged.

Fig. 4. Nephrospyris paradictyum, n. sp., × 120 1102

Vertical section through half the shell, exhibiting the thickened margin with the included symbiontes (compare page 1101).

Fig. 5. Nephrospyris paradictyum, n. sp., × 200 1102

Oblique marginal view of the shell.

Fig. 6. Nephrospyris paradictyum, n. sp., × 250 1102

Marginal view of a young specimen, with open fissure between the two parallel net-plates.

Fig. 7. Nephrospyris paradictyum, n. sp., × 250 1102

The soft body alone, without the skeleton. The bilobed central capsule exhibits a central transverse nucleus, and on each lobe a stratum of oil-globules. The kidney-shaped calymma contains on the margin numerous symbiontes (Xanthellæ or Vorticellinæ? Compare page 1102).

Fig. 8. Nephrospyris paradictyum, n. sp., × 500 1102

Three single unicellular symbiontes (Zooxanthellæ?).

Fig. 9. Nephrospyris renilla, n. sp. (vel _Nephrodictyum renilla_), × 250 1101

The bilobed central capsule is enclosed by the discoidal shell and in the middle constricted by the sagittal ring; it contains a transverse nucleus. The kidney-shaped calymma contains in the peripheral part numerous symbiontes (Xanthellæ or Vorticellinæ? Compare page 1101).

Fig. 10. Nephrospyris renilla, n. sp., × 250 1101

A singular abnormality (occurring not rarely), in which the reduced skeleton has nearly disappeared and the sagittal ring alone remained. The kidney-shaped calymma, however, which encloses numerous symbiontes, has preserved the form of the skeleton. The bilobed central capsule is similar to that in figs. 7 and 9, and is encircled by the thickened sagittal ring.

PLATE 91.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Orders NASSOIDEA ET PLECTOIDEA.

Families NASSELLIDA, PLAGONIDA et PLECTANIDA.

Fig. 1. Cystidium princeps, n. sp., × 400 897

Fig. 2. Triplagia primordialis, n. sp., × 100 909

Fig. 3. Tetraplagia phænaxonia, n. sp., × 200 911

Fig. 4. Plagoniscus tripodiscus, n. sp., × 200 912

Fig. 5. Plagiocarpa procortina, n. sp., × 300 914

Fig. 6. Plagonium sphærozoum, n. sp., × 300 916

Fig. 7. Triplecta triactis, n. sp., × 300 922

Fig. 8. Tetraplecta pinigera, n. sp., × 300 924

Fig. 9. Plectaniscus cortiniscus, n. sp., × 300 925

Fig. 10. Periplecta cortina, n. sp., × 400 926

Fig. 11. Plectanium trigeminum, n. sp., × 400 928

Fig. 12. Polyplecta heptacantha, n. sp., × 300 929

PLATE 92.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order STEPHOIDEA.

Families STEPHANIDA et SEMANTIDA.

Fig. 1. Semantis sigillum, n. sp., × 400 957

Fig. 2. Semantis biforis, n. sp., × 300 956

Fig. 3. Semantrum tetrastoma, n. sp., × 300 959

Fig. 4. Semantrum signarium, n. sp., × 400 960

Fig. 5. Semantrum quadrifore, n. sp., × 400 958

Fig. 6. Semantidium hexastoma, n. sp., × 400 960

Fig. 7. Semantidium signatorium, n. sp., × 400 961

Fig. 8. Clathrocircus stapedius, n. sp., × 400 962

Fig. 9. Clathrocircus dictyospyris, n. sp., × 300 963

Fig. 10. Clathrocircus multiforis, n. sp., × 300 963

Fig. 11. Cortiniscus tripodiscus, n. sp., × 400 963

Fig. 12. Cortiniscus typicus, n. sp., × 300 964

Fig. 13. Cortiniscus dipylaris, n. sp., × 400 964

Fig. 14. Stephaniscus quadrifurcus, n. sp., × 300 965

Fig. 15. Stephaniscus quadrigatus, n. sp., × 400 965

Fig. 16. Semantiscus hexapodius, n. sp., × 400 966

Fig. 17. Semantiscus hexapylus, n. sp., × 400 967

Fig. 18. Semantiscus hexaspyris, n. sp., × 400 966

Fig. 19. Lithocircus tarandus, n. sp., × 400 944

Fig. 20. Stephanium quadrupes, n. sp., × 200 952

Fig. 21. Cortina cervina, n. sp., × 300 952

PLATE 93.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order STEPHOIDEA.

Families CORONIDA et TYMPANIDA..

Fig. 1. Zygostephanus dissocircus, n. sp., × 300 971

Fig. 2. Zygostephanus bicornis, n. sp., × 300 972

Fig. 3. Zygostephanium dizonium, n. sp., × 300 973

Fig. 4. Zygostephanium paradictyum, n. sp., × 300 973

Fig. 5. Acanthodesmia corona, n. sp., × 400 976

Fig. 6. Plectocoronis pentacantha, n. sp., × 300 979

Fig. 7. Tristephanium quadricorne, n. sp., × 300 984

Fig. 8. Tristephanium octopyle, n. sp., × 300 983

Fig. 9. Tristephanium dimensivum, n. sp., × 400 983

Fig. 10. Trissocircus lentellipsis, n. sp., × 300 985

Fig. 11. Trissocircus octostoma, n. sp., × 300 986

Fig. 12. Trissocyclus sphæridium, n. sp., × 300 987

Fig. 13. Tricyclidium dictyospyris, n. sp., × 300 984

Fig. 14. Protympanium amphipodium, n. sp., × 300 992

Fig. 15. Acrocubus arcuatus, n. sp., × 300 993

Fig. 16. Acrocubus cortina, n. sp., × 300 994

Fig. 17. Acrocubus amphithectus, n. sp., × 300 995

Fig. 18. Toxarium thorax, n. sp., × 300 996

Fig. 19. Toxarium cordatum, n. sp., × 300 996

Fig. 20. Toxarium bifurcum, n. sp., × 300 997

Fig. 21. Parastephanus quadrispinus, n. sp., × 300 1008

Fig. 22. Prismatium tripodium, n. sp., × 300 1009

PLATE 94.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order STEPHOIDEA.

Family TYMPANIDA.

Fig. 1. Tympanidium foliosum, n. sp., × 400 1003

Fig. 2. Octotympanum cervicorne, n. sp., × 400 1000

Fig. 3. Octotympanum octonarium, n. sp., × 400 1000

Fig. 4. Tympaniscus quadrupes, n. sp., × 400 1002

Fig. 5. Tympaniscus dipodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1001

Frontal view.

Fig. 6. Tympaniscus dipodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1001

Lateral view.

Fig. 7. Tympaniscus tripodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1002

Frontal view.

Fig. 8. Microcubus zonarius, n. sp., × 300 998

Fig. 9. Microcubus dodecastoma, n. sp., × 300 998

Fig. 10. Microcubus amphispyris, n. sp., × 400 999

Fig. 11. Pseudocubus obeliscus, n. sp., × 400 1010

Fig. 12. Pseudocubus hexapylus, n. sp., × 300 1011

Fig. 13. Lithocubus geometricus, n. sp., × 200 1011

Fig. 14. Paratympanum octostylum, n. sp., × 400 1005

Fig. 15. Dystympanium dictyocha, n. sp., × 400 1007

Lateral view.

Fig. 16. Dystympanium dictyocha, n. sp., × 400 1007

Apical view.

Fig. 17. Circotympanum octogonium, n. sp., × 500 1013

Fig. 18. Tympanidium binoctonum, n. sp., × 400 1004

PLATE 95.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order SPYROIDEA.

Families ZYGOSPYRIDA, THOLOSPYRIDA, PHORMOSPYRIDA et ANDROSPYRIDA.

Fig. 1. Tripospyris cortina, n. sp., × 300 1025

Basal view.

Fig. 2. Tripospyris triplecta, n. sp., × 300 1027

Basal view.

Fig. 3. Tripospyris semantrum, n. sp., × 400 1027

Basal view.

Fig. 4. Tripospyris hexomma, n. sp., × 300 1028

Basal view.

Fig. 5. Brachiospyris diacantha, n. sp., × 400 1038

Basal view.

Fig. 6. Tetraspyris stephanium, n. sp., × 300 1044

Basal view.

Fig. 7. Liriospyris amphithecta, n. sp., × 300 1050

Basal view.

Fig. 8. Hexaspyris hexacorethra, n. sp., × 300 1048

Frontal view.

Fig. 9. Clathrospyris pyramidalis, n. sp., × 500 1052

Frontal view.

Fig. 10. Aegospyris aegoceras, n. sp., × 400 1054

Frontal view.

Fig. 11. Pentaspyris pentacantha, n. sp., × 400 1054

Dorsal view.

Fig. 12. Taurospyris cervina, n. sp., × 400 1058

Frontal view.

Fig. 13. Circospyris nucula, n. sp., × 300 1072

Dorsal view.

Fig. 14. Lophospyris dipodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1080

Frontal view.

Fig. 15. Sepalospyris platyphylla, n. sp., × 400 1081

Dorsal view.

Fig. 16. Pylospyris canariensis, n. sp., × 400 1084

Frontal view.

Fig. 17. Acrospyris clathrocanium, n. sp., × 300 1085

Dorsal view.

Fig. 18. Phormospyris tridentata, n. sp., × 400 1087

Frontal view.

Fig. 19. Patagospyris anthocyrtis, n. sp., × 500 1088

Dorsal view.

Fig. 20. Androspyris pithecus, n. sp., × 400 1093

Lateral view.

PLATE 96.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order BOTRYODEA.

Families CANNOBOTRYIDA, LITHOBOTRYIDA et PYLOBOTRYIDA.

Fig. 1. Botryopera cyrtoloba, n. sp., × 500 1108

Apical view.

Fig. 2. Botryopera quinqueloba, n. sp., × 500 1109

Half lateral, half frontal view.

Fig. 3. Cannobotrys tricanna, n. sp., × 400 1110

View half from the frontal, half from the left side.

Fig. 4. Cannobotrys cortina, n. sp., × 400 1110

Basal view.

Fig. 5. Botryopyle inclusa, n. sp., × 500 1113

Frontal view.

Fig. 6. Botryopyle dictyocephalus, n. sp., × 500 1113

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 7. Botryopyle sethocorys, n. sp., × 400 1112

Frontal view.

Fig. 8. Acrobotrys trisolenia, n. sp., × 400 1115

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 9. Acrobotrys acuminata, n. sp., × 400 1115

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 10. Acrobotrys disolenia, n. sp., × 400 1114

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 11. Acrobotrys auriculata, n. sp., × 500 1115

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 12. Botryocella multicellaris, n. sp., × 500 1117

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 13. Botryocella quadricellaris, n. sp., × 400 1117

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 14. Botryocella quadrigemina, n. sp., × 400 1117

Collar septum, between cephalis and thorax.

Fig. 15. Lithobotrys sphærothorax, n. sp., × 500 1119

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 16. Lithobotrys mascula, n. sp., × 500 1119

Frontal view.

Fig. 17. Lithobotrys orchidea, n. sp., × 500 1119

Frontal view.

Fig. 18. Botryocyrtis cerebellum, n. sp., × 400 1121

Apical view.

Fig. 19. Botryocyrtis theocampe, n. sp., × 500 1121

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 20. Pylobotrys fontinalis, n. sp., × 400 1122

Apical view.

Fig. 21. Pylobotrys putealis, n. sp., × 500 1121

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 22. Pylobotrys cerebralis, n. sp., × 500 1122

Dorsal view.

Fig. 23. Botryocampe rotalia, n. sp., × 400 1123

Collar septum.

Fig. 24. Botryocampe camerata, n. sp., × 500 1124

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 25. Phormobotrys cannothalamia, n. sp., × 400 1125

Lateral view (right side).

Fig. 26. Phormobotrys trithalamia, n. sp., × 500 1124

Frontal section. The dorsal wall is visible, in the cephalis the cruciform frontal septum.

Fig. 27. Phormobotrys pentathalamia, n. sp., × 400 1124

Lateral view (left side).

Fig. 28. Cephalospyris triangulata, n. sp., × 400 1035

The central capsule encloses numerous spherical concrements.

PLATE 97.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Orders STEPHOIDEA ET CYRTOIDEA.

Families STEPHANIDA, CORONIDA, TRIPOCALPIDA, PHÆNOCALPIDA, TRIPOCYRTIDA, PODOCYRTIDA et PODOCAMPIDA.

Fig. 1. Cortina typus, n. sp., × 300 951

View from the right side. The upper part of the central capsule includes the nucleus, the lower part the podoconus, besides some oil-globules. The two pectoral feet are partly broken off.

Fig. 2. Podocoronis cortiniscus, n. sp., × 400 981

View from the right anterior side.

Fig. 3. Tripocalpis cortinaris, n. sp., × 400 1137

Fig. 4. Phænocalpis petalospyris, n. sp., × 400 1173

Lateral view (inverted).

Fig. 5. Haliphormis lagena, n. sp., × 200 1167

Fig. 6. Halicapsa lithapium, n. sp., × 300 1190

Basal view.

Fig. 7. Peridium alatum, n. sp., × 300 1155

Basal view.

Fig. 8. Sethopilium orthopus, n. sp., × 300 1202

Basal view.

Fig. 9. Sethopilium macropus, n. sp., × 400 1203

Fig. 10. Amphiplecta acrostoma, n. sp., × 400 1223

Fig. 11. Sethopera tricostata, n. sp., × 400 1232

Fig. 12. Acanthocorys macroceras, n. sp., × 200 1264

Fig. 13. Sethophæna hexaptera, n. sp., × 400 1286

Fig. 14. Theopodium tricostatum, n. sp., × 400 1328

Fig. 15. Podocampe trictenota, n. sp., × 500 1446

PLATE 98.

LEGION NASSELLARIA.

Order CYRTOIDEA.

Families TRIPOCALPIDA et PHÆNOCALPIDA.

Fig. 1. Euscenium plectaniscus, n. sp., × 300 1146

Half frontal, half basal view.

Fig. 2. Cladoscenium pectinatum, n. sp., × 400 1150

Shell opened by a vertical section.

Fig. 3. Archiscenium cyclopterum, n. sp., × 400 1151

View from the dorsal side.

Fig. 4. Pteroscenium arcuatum, n. sp., × 400 1152

The central capsule contains a large spherical nucleus with a nucleolus.

Fig. 5. Archipera cortiniscus, n. sp., × 400 1155

Fig. 6. Archibursa tripodiscus, n. sp., × 400 1157

Basal view.

Fig. 7. Archipilium orthopterum, n. sp., × 400 1139

Fig. 8. Tripilidium costatum, n. sp., × 300 1141

Fig. 8_a_. Central capsule in the upper part of the shell,

Fig. 8_b_. Cortinar septum,

Fig. 9. Phænoscenium hexapodium, n. sp., × 300 1175

Fig. 10. Archiphæna gorgospyris, n. sp., × 300 1178

Fig. 10_a_. Cortinar septum with four collar pores, × 300

Fig. 11. Archiphormis urceolata, n. sp., × 300 1168

Fig. 12. Halicalyptra petalospyris, n. sp., × 400 1169

Fig. 13. Arachnocalpis ellipsoides, n. sp., × 300 1172

The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and exhibits in the upper half the ellipsoidal nucleus and four oil-globules, in the lower half the slender striated podoconus.

Fig. 13_a_. A piece of the network, more enlarged, × 900

PLATE 99.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family CHALLENGERIDA.

(The central capsule is coloured red and the phæodium green in Figs. 1, 6, 10, 14-17, 20).

Fig. 1. Challengeria murrayi, n. sp., × 50 1653

From the dorsal side. Numerous streams of sarcode arise from the central capsule and pierce the calymma inside the shell.

Fig. 2. Challengeria wildi, n. sp., × 400 1653

The peristome from the left side.

Fig. 3. Challengeria bromleyi, n. sp., × 400 1652

From the dorsal side.

Fig. 4. Challengeria sloggettii, John Murray × 150 1649

The ventral corner broken off. From the left side.

Fig. 4_a_. Vertical section through the shell-wall.

Fig. 5. Challengeria tritonis, n. sp., × 150 1649

Fig. 6. Challengeron diodon, n. sp., × 400 1654

From the dorsal side. The shell contains two central capsules.

Fig. 7. Challengeron pearceyi, n. sp., × 300 1654

From the dorsal side.

Fig. 8. Challengeron richardsii, n. sp., × 100 1655

From the oral margin

Fig. 9. Challengeron fergusoni, n. sp., × 100 1656

From the right side.

Fig. 10. Challengeron triangulum, n. sp., × 200 1656

From the right side.

Fig. 11. Challengeron crosbiei, n. sp., × 300 1657

From the ventral side.

Fig. 12. Challengeron buchanani, n. sp., × 300 1657

From the right side.

Fig. 13. Challengeron willemoesii, n. sp., × 400 1659

From the ventral side.

Fig. 14. Challengeron moseleyi, n. sp., × 300 1658

From the right side.

Fig. 15. Challengeron wyvillei, n. sp., × 300 1660

From the left side.

Fig. 16. Porcupinia cordiformis, n. sp., × 200 1663

From the right side.

Fig. 17. Pharyngella gastræa, n. sp., × 150 1662

Fig. 18. Pharyngella gastrula, n. sp., × 150 1662

Fig. 19. Entocannula infundibulum, n. sp., × 100 1661

Fig. 20. Entocannula hirsuta, n. sp., × 150 1661

Fig. 21. Lithogromia diatomacea, n. sp., × 400 1647

A piece of the shell with diatomaceous structure.

Fig. 21_a_. Vertical section through the shell-wall.

Fig. 22. Lithogromia silicea, n. sp., × 150 1647

PLATE 100.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family TUSCARORIDA.

Fig. 1. Tuscarora bisternaria, John Murray, × 30 1706

View from the dorsal side.

Fig. 1_a_. View from the mouth pole × 25

Fig. 2. Tuscarora murrayi, n. sp., × 30 1706

View from the dorsal side. The central capsule (in the aboral half), and the phæodium (in the middle of the shell-cavity) are visible. A fine network of pseudopodia pierces the calymma, which fills up the shell-cavity.

Fig. 3. Tuscarora wyvillei, n. sp., × 30 1707

View from the dorsal side.

Fig. 3_a_. Base of a tooth, × 100

Fig. 3_b_. Transverse section through the base of a tooth.

Fig. 3_c_. Base of a foot.

Fig. 4. Tuscarora tetrahedra, John Murray, × 15 1707

View from the dorsal side.

Fig. 4_a_. Mouth with the three teeth, × 50

Fig. 5. Tuscarora tubulosa, John Murray, × 40 1707

View from the ventral side.

Fig. 5_a_. Mouth with the two teeth, × 100

Fig. 5_b_. Basal part of a single tooth, × 150

Fig. 6. Tuscarora porcellana, John Murray, × 600 1708

Fig. 6_a_. A piece of the shell, with five pores.

Fig. 6_b_. A piece of a tooth, with the internal axial rod and its transverse branches.

Fig. 7. Tuscarusa medusa, n. sp., × 25 1709

View from the side.

Fig. 7_a_. View from the mouth, × 50

Fig. 8. Tuscaridium lithornithium, n. sp., × 20 1710

View from the ventral side. Central capsule and calymma as in fig. 2.

Fig. 8_a_. Peristome from the ventral side.

Fig. 8_b_. Peristome from the right side.

PLATE 101.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Families PHÆODINIDA, CANNORRHAPHIDA et AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. Phæocolla primordialis, n. sp., × 300 1544

Central capsule, isolated. The double contoured outer membrane exhibits only one opening, with a radiate operculum and long proboscis. The granular protoplasm encloses clear spherical vacuoles. The sphæroidal nucleus contains irregular amoeboid nucleoli.

Fig. 2. Phæodina tripylea, n. sp., × 300 1545

A central capsule in self-division, with two elliptical nuclei. The astropyle is already bisected and has two proboscides.

Fig. 3. Cannorrhaphis spinulosa, n. sp., × 300 1552

A complete specimen with two central capsules, each of which contains two nuclei. The alveolate calymma contains a dark phæodium and is surrounded by tangential tubular needles.

Fig. 4. Cannorrhaphis spinulosa, n. sp., × 300 1552

A single tangential tube.

Fig. 5. Cannorrhaphis spathillata, n. sp., × 300 1552

A single tangential tube.

Fig. 6. Aulactinium actinastrum, n. sp., × 100 1574

A complete specimen, seen in optical meridional section. In the centre the spheroidal central capsule, with its double membrane and three openings (above two lateral parapylæ, below the large astropyle with its radiate operculum). The capsule encloses numerous spherical vacuoles and two hemispherical nuclei, each with numerous nucleoli. The anterior half of the capsule is surrounded by the blackish phæodium. The spherical calymma contains numerous globular alveoles and is pierced by the radial tubes, the proximal ends of which are in contact with the surface of the central capsule (compare Pl. 103, fig. 1).

Fig. 7. Aulactinium actinastrum, n. sp., × 300 1574

A single radial tube.

Fig. 8. Aulactinium actinelium, n. sp., × 200 1574

A single radial tube.

Fig. 9. Mesocena stellata, n. sp., × 600 1557

A single annular piece of the skeleton

Fig. 10. Dictyocha stapedia, n. sp., × 300 1561

A complete specimen, observed living at Ceylon. In the centre is visible the large, spheroidal, tripylean central capsule, with its three openings, containing a large nucleus with numerous nucleoli. Its oral half is covered with the dark phæodium. The voluminous spherical calymma contains numerous globular alveoles and its surface is covered with scattered, stirrup-shaped pieces of the skeleton. Numerous free pseudopodia arise from the surface.

Fig. 11. Dictyocha stapedia, n. sp., × 800 1561

A single piece of the skeleton, from above.

Fig. 12. Dictyocha stapedia, n. sp., × 800 1561

A twin piece of the skeleton.

Fig. 13. Dictyocha medusa, n. sp., × 800 1560

A single piece of the skeleton, from the side.

Fig. 14. Dictyocha medusa, n. sp., × 800 1560

A single piece of the skeleton, from above.

PLATE 102.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Family AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. Auloceros elegans, n. sp., × 80 1584

A complete specimen, observed living at Ceylon. In the centre is visible the red central capsule with its three openings, containing a large nucleus of half the size, with numerous nucleoli. The alveolate calymma encloses a green excentric phæodium, is surrounded by a veil of interwoven tangential needles, and forms conical elevations, which enclose the piercing radial tubes. Between these radiate numerous pseudopodia (compare for the single parts, Pl. 103, fig. 1 and Pl. 104, figs. 1-3, and their explanation).

Figs. 2-6. Auloceros furcosus, n. sp., × 100 1583

Distal ends of different radial tubes, exhibiting the great variability of this species.

Fig. 7. Auloceros trigeminus, n. sp., × 300 1584

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 8. Auloceros capreolus, n. sp., × 200 1584

Distal End of a Single Tube.

Figs. 9, 10. Auloceros cervinus, n. sp., × 300 1584

Distal ends of two single tubes.

Fig. 12. Auloceros spathillaster, n. sp., × 300 1585

Distal end of a single tube.

Figs. 11, 13. Auloceros arborescens, n. sp., × 300 1585

Distal ends of two single tubes.

PLATE 103.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Family AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. Aulographis candelabrum, n. sp., × 100 1583

p, The dark phæodium surrounding the central capsule on its oral part; a, a part of the surrounding alveolate calymma, also surrounding the central capsule; s, the veil of tangential needles covering the surface of the alveolate calymma; r, the big radial tubes, seven of which are visible, with an elegant verticil of terminal branches; f, the numerous pseudopodia radiating between the branches. The central capsule exhibits the following parts:--o, Astropyle; u, parapylæ; e, outer membrane; i, inner membrane; v, vacuoles; n, nucleus; l, nucleoli.

Figs. 2-9. Aulographis pandor, n. sp., × 100 1577

Distal ends of various radial tubes of a single specimen, exhibiting the extraordinary variability of this species.

Fig. 10. Aulographis furcula, n. sp., × 400 1580

A two-branched tube.

Fig. 11. Aulographis furcula, n. sp., × 400 1580

A three-branched tube.

Figs. 12, 13. Aulographis bovicornis, n. sp., × 200 1577

Two tubes with two branches.

Fig. 14. Aulographis bovicornis, n. sp., × 200 1577

A tube with three branches.

Fig. 15. Aulographis triangulum, n. sp., × 200 1580

A single tube.

Fig. 16. Aulographis taumorpha, n. sp., × 300 1577

Two tubes, each with two branches.

Fig. 17. Aulographis triglochin, n. sp., × 300 1578

A tube with three branches.

Figs. 18, 19. Aulographis hexancistra, n. sp., × 300 1581

Distal end of two tubes (one with four, the other with five terminal branches).

Fig. 20. Aulographis dentata, n. sp., × 200 1582

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 21. Aulographis ancorata, n. sp., × 300 1578

Two tubes, each with four recurved branches.

Fig. 22. Aulographis tetrancistra, n. sp., × 300 1581

A single tube.

Fig. 23. Aulographis stellata, n. sp., × 300 1578

a and b, Two rudimentary or incompletely developed tubes; c, a well-developed tube of the usual form.

Fig. 24. Aulographis asteriscus, n. sp., × 300 1581

Terminal verticil of a single tube.

Fig. 25. Aulographis cruciata, n. sp., × 300 1578

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 26. Aulographis pulvinata, n. sp., × 400 1582

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 27. Aulographis serrulata, n. sp., × 400 1582

Distal end of a single tube.

PLATE 104.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Family AULACANTHIDA.

AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. Aulospathis bifurca, n. sp., × 50 1586

A complete specimen, excellently preserved, with an ovate alveolate calymma and two central capsules. The surface of the calymma is covered with tangential needles.

Fig. 2. Aulospathis bifurca, n. sp., × 100 1586

An isolated central capsule of another specimen, surrounded by granules of the phæodium. o, Radiate operculum of the astropyle; u, the two lateral parapylæ; e, external membrane of the capsule; i, internal membrane; c, vacuoles in the protoplasm; n, nucleus; l, numerous nucleoli.

Fig. 3. Aulospathis bifurca, n. sp., × 80 1586

Two central capsules of another specimen, surrounded by the phæodium (Self-division). Characters as in fig. 2.

Fig. 4. Aulospathis bifurca, n. sp., × 100 1586

A single radial tube.

Fig. 5. Aulospathis bifurca, n. sp., × 200 1586

Distal part of another radial tube, partly filled up by air-bubbles.

Fig. 6. Aulospathis trifurca, n. sp., × 200 1586

Distal part of a single radial tube.

Fig. 7. Aulospathis trifurca, n. sp., × 200 1586

Distal part of another radial tube.

Fig. 8. Aulospathis triodon, n. sp., × 100 1587

A single radial tube.

Fig. 9. Aulospathis tetrodon, n. sp., × 200 1588

Distal end of single tube.

Figs. 10-13. Aulospathis polymorpha, n. sp., × 400 1587

Four single terminal branches with very different forms of spathillæ.

Figs. 14-17. Aulospathis variabilis, n. sp., × 400 1588

Four single terminal branches with very different forms of spathillæ.

PLATE 105.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCYSTINA.

Family AULACANTHIDA.

AULACANTHIDA.

Fig. 1. Aulodendron indicum, n. sp., × 200 1590

A single tube.

Fig. 2. Aulodendron pacificum, n. sp., × 400 1589

Distal half of a tube.

Fig. 3. Aulodendron australe, n. sp., × 300 1589

A single tube.

Fig. 4. Aulacantha spinosa, n. sp., × 300 1575

Distal half of a tube.

Fig. 5. Aulodendron antarcticum, n. sp., × 300 1589

A single tube.

Fig. 6. Aulographis pistillum, n. sp., × 300 1579

A single tube.

Fig. 7. Aulographis martagon, n. sp., × 300 1579

Distal end of a single tube.

Fig. 8. Aulographis triæna, n. sp., × 80 1579

A single tube.

Fig. 9. Aulographis flammabunda, n. sp., × 100 1579

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 10. Aulographis flosculus, n. sp., × 300 1580

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 11. Aulographis gemmascens, n. sp., × 100 1580

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 12. Aulographis verticillata, n. sp., × 400 1582

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 12_a_. Apical view, with four verticils of five branches.

Fig. 13. Aulographis tripentas, n. sp., × 300 1582

Distal end of a tube.

Fig. 13_a_. Apical view, with three verticils of five branches.

Fig. 14. Auloceros dicranaster, n. sp., × 400 1585

Distal end of a tube, seen from the side.

Fig. 15. Auloceros dicranaster, n. sp., × 200 1585

Distal end of a tube, seen from the terminal face.

Fig. 16. Aulacantha cannulata, n. sp., × 300 1576

Distal end of a tube.

PLATE 106.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Orders PHÆOSPHÆRIA.

Family OROSPHÆRIDA.

OROSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Orosphæra serpentina, n. sp., × 50 1595

The entire shell.

Fig. 2. Orosphæra horrida, n. sp., × 50 1596

The entire shell.

Fig. 3. Orosphæra arborescens, n. sp. (vel _Orothamnus arborescens_), × 50 1597

The entire shell.

Fig. 4. Oroscena gegenbauri, n. sp., × 50 1597

The entire shell.

(Compare Pl. 12, fig. 1.)

PLATE 107.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOSPHÆRIA.

Family OROSPHÆRIDA.

(Fig. 8 of this Plate has no number, by mistake; it is at the top in the middle.)

Fig. 1. Oroplegma diplosphæra, n. sp., × 50 1600

The entire shell, enveloped by an outer mantle of spongy framework.

Fig. 2. Oroplegma giganteum, n. sp., × 200 1601

A small piece of the spongy framework.

Fig. 3. Oroplegma spongiosum, n. sp., × 50 1601

A pyramidal elevation of the inner shell, with its spongy framework, and a radial spine on the top.

Fig. 4. Oroscena bærii, n. sp., × 100 1598

A pyramidal elevation of the shell, with a radial spine on its top.

Fig. 5. Orona maxima, n. sp., × 300 1594

A small piece of the network; the central canals of the bars are partly filled by air.

Fig. 6. Oroscena cuvieri, n. sp., × 50 1598

A single radial spine.

Fig. 7. Orona crassissima, n. sp., × 300 1594

A single bar of the coarse network, with dimpled surface.

Fig. 8. Oroscena mülleri, n. sp., × 50 1598

A single radial spine.

PLATE 108.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOSPHÆRIA.

Family SAGOSPHÆRIDA.

SAGOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Sagoscena castra, n. sp., × 50 1608

Half the shell, with the enclosed central capsule and the phæodium, stained by carmine. (The central nucleus dark.)

Fig. 2. Sagmarium spongodictyum, n. sp., × 50 1612

Half the shell, with its delicate spongy framework.

Fig. 3. Sagenoscena stellata, n. sp., × 300 1610

Top and axial rod of a pyramid, prolonged into a crowned radial spine.

Fig. 4. Sagenoscena ornata, n. sp., × 300 1610

A single pyramid with its axial rod, prolonged into a crowned radial spine.

Fig. 5. Sagoscena pellorium, n. sp., × 300 1609

A single pyramid of the shell-surface.

Fig. 6. Sagoscena tentorium, n. sp., × 100 1608

A piece of the shell with eight pyramids.

Fig. 7. Sagoscena prætorium, n. sp., × 400 1609

Top of a pyramid.

Fig. 8. Sagena ternaria, n. sp., × 400 1606

A single triangular mesh of the lattice sphere.

Fig. 9. Sagmidium crucicorne, n. sp., × 400 1613

A single nodal point with three radial spines.

Fig. 9_a_. A portion of a spine, more highly magnified.

Fig. 10. Sagosphæra penicilla, n. sp., × 400 1607

One nodal point and its radial spine.

Fig. 11. Sagosphæra furcilla, n. sp., × 300 1607

Two nodal points of the network.

Fig. 11_a_. Extremity of a spine.

Fig. 12. Sagmidium quadricorne, n. sp., × 400 1614

A nodal point of the shell surface, with four divergent spines.

Fig. 13. Sagoplegma scenophora, n. sp., × 300 1615

Tops of two pyramids.

Fig. 14. Sagmarium plegmosphærium, n. sp., × 300 1612

A nodal point of the spongy framework.

PLATE 109.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOSPHÆRIA.

Family AULOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Aulosphæra dendrophora, n. sp., × 50 1625

The entire shell, with the central capsule and its nucleus, enveloped by the dark granular phæodium.

Fig. 2. Aulosphæra dendrophora, n. sp., × 300 1625

A single radial tube.

Fig. 3. Aulosphæra sceptrophora, n. sp., × 300 1625

A hexagonal group of six triangular meshes.

Fig. 4. Aulosphæra sceptrophora, n. sp., × 300 1625

A similar group, seen from the side, with three radial tubes.

Fig. 5. Aulosphæra spinosa, n. sp., × 300 1627

A hexagonal group of six triangular meshes.

Fig. 6. Aulosphæra undulata, n. sp., × 400 1627

A single radial tube.

Fig. 7. Aulosphæra spathillata, n. sp., × 400 1624

A single radial tube.

Fig. 7_a_. An abnormal variety, × 400

Fig. 8. Aulosphæra triodon, n. sp., × 400 1623

A single radial tube.

Fig. 9. Aulosphæra trifurca, n. sp., × 400 1626

A single radial tube.

Fig. 10. Aulosphæra cruciata, n. sp., × 300 1624

A single radial tube.

Fig. 11. Aulosphæra bisternaria, n. sp., × 300 1624

A single radial tube.

Fig. 12. Aulosphæra bisternaria, n. sp., × 600 1624

Distal end of a single radial tube.

PLATE 110.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOSPHÆRIA.

Family AULOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Auloscena mirabilis, n. sp., × 50 1628

The complete shell, representing a regular latticed sphere, which is composed of equal hexagonal pyramids; the top of each pyramid bears a radial tube with a terminal corona.

Fig. 2. Auloscena mirabilis, n. sp., × 600 1628

Terminal corona of a single radial tube.

Fig. 3. Auloscena penicillus, n. sp., × 200 1629

A single tent-shaped elevation or six-sided pyramid, bearing on the top a brush-shaped radial tube.

Fig. 4. Auloscena flammabunda, n. sp., × 400 1629

A single radial tube, with a centripetal free prolongation at the base and a verticil of undulate terminal branches at the distal end.

Fig. 5. Auloscena serrata, n. sp., × 600 1630

Terminal corona of a single radial tube.

Fig. 6. Auloscena tentorium, n. sp., × 400 1628

A single radial tube, with a centripetal prolongation at the base and a terminal corona at the distal end.

Fig. 7. Auloscena gigantea, n. sp., × 400 1629

Basal part of a radial tube, exhibiting the internal axial thread and its connection with the six tubes, which form the edges of a flat six-sided pyramid (usually more elevated than the figure exhibits).

Fig. 8. Auloscena spectabilis, n. sp., × 400 1628

Apex of an abnormal pyramid (sometimes occurring), in which seven radial tubes are united, instead of six.

Fig. 9. Auloscena spectabilis, n. sp., × 800 1628

Basal part of a radial tube, in the top of a flat six-sided pyramid; above it the distal part of the same tube with its terminal corona (middle part of the tube wanting).

Fig. 10. Auloscena verticillus, n. sp., × 300 1629

Apex of a six-sided pyramid, seen from the inside.

Fig. 11. Auloscena verticillus, n. sp., × 400 1629

Distal part of a single radial tube, with the terminal corona.

PLATE 111.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOSPHÆRIA.

Family AULOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Aulonia hexagonia, n. sp., × 30 1634

The complete spherical shell.

Fig. 2. Aularia ternaria, n. sp., × 300 1621

A group of six triangular meshes, with seven nodal points of radial tubes. Behind the central capsule, with its double membrane (e, outer; i, inner) and radiate operculum (o); u, the two outer parapylæ; v, vacuoles in the protoplasm. The ellipsoidal nucleus (n) contains numerous nucleoli (l).

Fig. 3. Aulastrum triceros, n. sp., × 50 1635

The complete shell.

Fig. 3_a_. Aulastrum triceros, n. sp., × 300 1635

A single radial tube.

Figs. 4_a_, 4_b_, 4_c_. Aulastrum dendroceros, n. sp., × 400 1635

Three single radial spines (taken from three different specimens).

Fig. 5_a_. Aulophacus lenticularis, n. sp., × 300 1631

A single radial spine.

Fig. 5_b_. Aulophacus amphidiscus, n. sp., × 300 1631

A single radial spine.

Fig. 6. Aulatractus fusiformis, n. sp., × 5 1632

The complete shell, five times enlarged.

Fig. 6_a_. Aulatractus fusiformis, n. sp., × 20 1632

Apical part of the shell.

Fig. 6_b_. Aulatractus fusiformis, n. sp., × 400 1632

A single radial tube.

Fig. 7. Aulatractus diploconus, n. sp., × 20 1632

Apical part of the shell.

Fig. 7_a_. Aulatractus diploconus, n. sp., × 400 1632

A single radial tube.

Fig. 8. Auloplegma perplexum, n. sp., × 50 1630

Half the shell.

Fig. 8_a_. Auloplegma perplexum, n. sp., × 400 1630

A single radial tube.

Fig. 9. Auloplegma spongiosum, n. sp., × 300 1631

A single radial tube.

PLATE 112.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Orders PHÆOSPHÆRIA.

Family CANNOSPHÆRIDA.

CANNOSPHÆRIDA.

Fig. 1. Cannosphæra antarctica, n. sp., × 50 1640

The entire shell. The inner mammillate shell, from the month of which is prominent the phæodium, in connected by numerous radial beams with the outer shell.

Fig. 2. Cannosphæra antarctica, n. sp., × 200 1640

The inner shell, from the mouth of which is prominent the phæodium, and a single hexagonal mesh of the outer shell, connected with the former by thin radial threads.

Fig. 3. Cannosphæra antarctica, n. sp., × 200 1640

A single radial spine, with four terminal branches.

Fig. 4. Cannosphæra pacifica, n. sp., × 200 1641

The inner shell, exhibiting on its base the widely open mouth, and in its upper half the transparent spherical central capsule with its nucleus. Of the outer shell (which is connected with the inner by thin radial threads), only a few polygonal meshes are visible.

Fig. 5. Cannosphæra atlantica, n. sp., × 200 1640

The inner shell, connected by spiny radial beams with the outer shell, a quadrant only of which is visible.

Fig. 6. Cannosphæra atlantica, n. sp., × 200 1640

A single radial spine, with five terminal branches.

PLATE 113.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family CASTANELLIDA.

Fig. 1. Castanissa challengeri, n. sp., × 100 1686

In the lower part of the figure is visible the large corona of teeth around the mouth (a).

Fig. 2. Castanidium moseleyi, n. sp., × 80 1686

In the upper part of the figure, at left, is visible the irregular polygonal mouth (a).

Fig. 3. Castanopsis naresi, n. sp., × 80 1688

In the upper part of the figure is visible the smooth circular mouth (a).

Fig. 4. Castanura tizardi, n. sp., × 80 1689

Fig. 4_a_. A single main-spine of the same, × 400

Fig. 5. Castanidium murrayi, n. sp., × 100 1685

With a large phæodium, partly protruded through the circular mouth.

Fig. 5_a_. A single main-spine of the same, hexagonally dimpled, × 400

Fig. 6. Castanella wyvillei, n. sp., × 100 1683

A piece of the shell with the mouth, armed with six large teeth (a).

Fig. 7. Castanidium buchanani, n. sp., × 100 1685

A piece of the shell with the smooth roundish mouth (a).

PLATE 114.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Orders PHÆOCYSTINA ET PHÆOGROMIA.

Families CANNORRHAPHIDA et CIRCOPORIDA.

Fig. 1. Haeckeliana darwiniana, n. sp., × 200 1702

A complete shell.

Fig. 2. Haeckeliana darwiniana, n. sp., × 400 1702

A single coronet of pores.

Fig. 3. Haeckeliana goetheana, n. sp., × 300 1702

The oral part of the shell with the mouth.

Fig. 4. Haeckeliana lamarckiana, n. sp., × 400 1701

A single coronet of pores.

Fig. 5. Haeckeliana maxima, n. sp., × 300 1701

A single coronet of pores.

Fig. 6. Haeckeliana porcellana, John Murray, × 200 1701

A complete shell.

Fig. 7. Distephanus corona, n. sp., × 800 1566

A single pileated piece (half from the side, half from below).

Fig. 8. Distephanus corona, n. sp., × 800 1566

Two coupled pileated pieces caught into one another (twin-piece).

Fig. 9. Distephanus corona, n. sp., × 800 1566

A single pileated piece, seen from above.

Fig. 10. Cannopilus diplostaurus, n. sp., × 800 1568

A single pileated piece, seen from above.

Fig. 11. Cannopilus cyrtoides, n. sp., × 800 1569

A single pileated piece, seen obliquely from the side.

Fig. 12. Cannopilus cyrtoides, n. sp., × 800 1569

A single pileated piece, seen from below.

Fig. 13. Haeckeliana porcellana, John Murray, × 600 1526

The radiate operculum of the central capsule.

PLATE 115.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family CIRCOPORIDA.

Fig. 1. Circoporus sexfuscinus, n. sp., × 100 1695

The cruciform mouth is visible in the upper part of the figure, to the right.

Fig. 2. Circoporus sexfuscinus, n. sp., × 200 1695

A single radial spine, with four cruciate pores at the base.

Fig. 3. Circoporus sexfuscinus, n. sp., × 600 1695

The radiate operculum of the central capsule, with the proboscis.

Fig. 4. Circospathis furcata, n. sp., × 100 1696

Five of the nine spines are visible, two others (on the upper face) broken off. Between the latter the pentagonal mouth (with five teeth).

Fig. 5. Circospathis furcata, n. sp., × 300 1696

The mouth with its five teeth.

Fig. 6. Circospathis furcata, n. sp., × 400 1696

A piece of the shell with a radial spine.

Fig. 7. Circospathis furcata, n. sp., × 400 1696

Vertical section through the base of a radial spine, to show the central funicle.

Fig. 8. Circogonia dodecacantha, n. sp., × 100 1698

The central capsule with the elliptical nucleus (to the right) and the dark phæodium (to the left) are visible, in the upper part (to the left) the mouth of the shell, with six teeth.

Fig. 9. Circogonia dodecacantha, n. sp., × 400 1698

A fragment of the shell, exhibiting its peculiar structure (needles tangentially scattered in the cement of the porcellanous substance), and a circle of nine pores around the base of a broken spine.

Fig. 10. Circospathis tetrodonta, n. sp., × 400 1697

The mouth with four teeth, in profile view.

PLATE 116.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Families MEDUSETTIDA et CIRCOPORIDA.

Fig. 1. Polypetta mammillata, n. sp., × 500 1677

In the upper part of the figure the dentate proboscis.

Fig. 1_a_. Vertical section through the shell-wall, showing two of the hollow alveoles, opening on its inside, ×1000

Fig. 2. Polypetta tabulata, n. sp., × 500 1677

In the upper part of the figure the dentate proboscis.

Fig. 2_a_. A piece of the shell, seen from the surface, with the triangular plates, ×1000

Fig. 2_b_. Vertical section through the shell-wall, with an alveole, ×1000

Fig. 3. Circostephanus coronarius, n. sp., × 150 1699

The polyhedral shell exhibits in its wall the small tangential needles. The radial spines are partly broken off. The mouth of the shell, surrounded by eight short conical teeth, is visible on the left side of the figure.

Fig. 3_a_. The mouth of the shell, seen in profile, with eight conical spinulate teeth, × 400

Fig. 3_b_. The base of a radial spine broken off, to show the corona of (five or six) basal pores, × 400

PLATE 117.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Orders PHÆOCYSTINA ET PHÆOGROMIA.

Families CANNORRHAPHIDA, MEDUSETTIDA et CIRCOPORIDA.

Fig. 1. Circogonia icosahedra, n. sp., × 80 1698

The entire shell, with twelve radial tubes and twenty triangular faces. In the centre of one face is the mouth, with six teeth.

Fig. 1_a_. The mouth alone, with its six spinulate teeth, × 400

Fig. 2. Circorrhegma dodecahedra, n. sp., × 80 1699

The entire shell, with twenty radial tubes and twelve pentagonal faces. In the centre of one face is the mouth, with five teeth.

Fig. 2_a_. The mouth alone, with its five spinulate teeth, seen in profile, × 200

Fig. 3. Circospathis novena, n. sp., × 100 1696

The entire shell, with nine radial tubes and fourteen triangular faces. In one face (to the left above) is the mouth with nine teeth.

Fig. 3_a_. The mouth alone, with its nine spinulate teeth, × 150

Fig. 4. Circoporus hexastylus, n. sp., × 80 1695

A single radial spine.

Fig. 5. Circoporus sexfurcus, n. sp., × 80 1694

The entire spherical shell with six forked and ciliated radial tubes. In the centre the cruciform mouth with four teeth.

Fig. 6. Circoporus octahedrus, n. sp., × 300 1695

The entire shell, with six verticillate radial tubes and eight triangular faces. In the centre of one face is the mouth, with four teeth.

Fig. 7. Cortinetta tripodiscus, n. sp., × 300 1667

The entire shell with the enclosed central capsule, and the phæodium around the astropyle.

Fig. 7_a_. The astropyle, partly detached from the wall of the central capsule, seen in profile, × 800

Fig. 8. Catinulus quadrifidus, n. sp., × 80 1553

A complete specimen, with four equal central capsules, united in a single spherical calymma.

Fig. 8_a_. Some single pieces of the skeleton, × 400

PLATE 118.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family MEDUSETTIDA.

Fig. 1. Gazelletta melusina, n. sp., × 300 1674

From the peristome of the thorny campanulate shell arise six large descending feet, which are studded with arborescent fragile lateral branches, and armed at the distal end with stouter dichotomous terminal branches.

Fig. 2. Euphysetta staurocodon, n. sp., × 300 1670

The peristome of the ovate shell bears an odd large foot with three terminal branches and three cruciate rudimentary feet. In the upper part of the shell-cavity is visible the sphæroidal central capsule (containing a nucleus of half the size, with numerous nucleoli); in the lower half the dark pigment-masses of the green phæodium.

Fig. 3. Euphysetta amphicodon, n. sp., × 300 1670

The shell-wall exhibits the regular alveolate structure. From the mouth are prominent large masses of the phæodium, which is more voluminous than the shell-cavity, and seems to contain nucleated cells.

PLATE 119.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family MEDUSETTIDA.

Fig. 1. Gorgonetta mirabilis, n. sp., × 100 1674

The entire body. From the margin of the cap-shaped shell arise six ascending arborescent feet and six alternating descending feet, which are covered with anchor-pencils and branched at the distal end. From the mouth of the delicately alveolate shell depend prominent parts of the dark voluminous phæodium.

Fig. 2. Gorgonetta mirabilis, n. sp., × 300 1674

The distal end of an ascending foot; the branches bear a terminal spathilla with small recurved teeth.

Fig. 3. Gorgonetta mirabilis, n. sp., × 300 1674

The distal end of a descending foot, with three lateral anchor-pencils and three terminal branches (broken off). Odd alveole contains an air-bubble.

Fig. 4. Gorgonetta mirabilis, n. sp., × 600 1674

A single thread of an anchor-pencil with two quadridentate spathillæ, a larger proximal and a smaller distal (terminal).

PLATE 120.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOGROMIA.

Family MEDUSETTIDA.

Fig. 1. Medusetta codonium, n. sp., × 400 1668

Fig. 2. Medusetta quadrigata, n. sp., × 400 1668

The central capsule is visible in the upper half, the phæodium in the lower half of the shell-cavity.

Fig. 3. Medusetta tetranema, n. sp., × 400 1669

Fig. 4. Medusetta craspedota, n. sp., × 400 1669

Fig. 5. Gazelletta hexanema, n. sp., × 300 1671

Fig. 6. Gazelletta bifurca, n. sp., × 300 1672

A single alveolate foot.

Fig. 7. Gazelletta macronema, n. sp., × 200 1671

Oral view of the shell.

Fig. 8. Gazelletta macronema, n. sp., × 800 1671

Three joints of an alveolate foot.

Fig. 9. Gazelletta cyrtonema, n. sp., × 300 1671

The upper part of the shell encloses the central capsule with its nucleus. The voluminous phæodium is prominent over the mouth.

Fig. 10. Gazelletta orthonema, n. sp., × 200 1671

The central capsule and its nucleus are visible in the shell-cavity.

Fig. 11. Gazelletta schleinitzii, n. sp., × 400 1673

Oblique apical view, with the enclosed central capsule, the nucleus of which contains numerous nucleoli.

Fig. 12. Gazelletta schleinitzii, n. sp., × 300 1673

A single alveolate foot.

Fig. 13. Gazelletta trispathilla, n. sp., × 400 1673

The middle part of a foot.

Fig. 14. Gazellatta robusta, n. sp., × 300 1673

The base of a foot, exhibiting the pores of the alveoli.

Fig. 15. Gazelletta studeri, n. sp., × 400 1673

The distal end of a foot; four alveoli filled up by air-bubbles.

Fig. 16. Gazelletta dendronema, n. sp., × 300 1674

A part of the velum, seen from the inside. The alveoles are partly filled by air.

PLATE 121.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCONCHIA.

Family COELODENDRIDA.

Fig. 1. Coelodendrum furcatissimum, n. sp., × 50 1735

A complete specimen with the central capsule and the big phæodium. The spherical calymma envelops almost the entire skeleton.

Fig. 2. Coelodendrum furcatissimum, n. sp., × 300 1735

A distal branch with its terminal ramification.

Fig. 3. Coelodendrum furcatissimum, n. sp., × 100 1735

One valve of the shell, with its galea and the four hollow forked tubes arising from it.

Fig. 4. Coelodendrum furcatissimum, n. sp., × 100 1735

The central capsule with its nucleus; on the left side one valve of the closely enveloping shell (seen in vertical section), and its galea with the origin of the four tubes.

Fig. 5. Coelodendrum serratum, n. sp., × 400 1737

A flabellate terminal branch.

Fig. 6. Coelodendrum flabellatum, n. sp., × 150 1737

A flabellate terminal branch.

Fig. 7. Coelodendrum spinosissimum, n. sp., × 300 1735

Forked distal end of a terminal branch.

Fig. 8. Coelodendrum cervicorne, n. sp., × 150 1736

One valve of the shell, with its galea and the four tubes arising from it. A network of protoplasm connects the distal branches.

Fig. 9. Coelodrymus ancoratus, n. sp., × 50 1738

A complete specimen, with the central capsule and the enveloping phæodium. The surface of the spherical calymma is covered by a dense network, from which arise numerous, anchor-bearing, radial tubules.

Fig. 10. Coelodrymus ancoratus, n. sp., × 150 1738

A small piece of the superficial network of the skeleton, with the zigzag radial tubules arising from it, each of which bears an anchor with two recurved denticulate teeth on the distal end.

PLATE 122.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCONCHIA.

Family COELOGRAPHIDA.

Fig. 1. Coelotholus octonus, n. sp., × 30 1749

The entire bivalved shell, seen obliquely from the dorsal and somewhat from the right side, enveloped by the yellowish calymma.

Fig. 2. Coelotholus octonus, n. sp., × 100 1749

One valve of the shell (h) with its large galea and the origin of the three styles. The base of the two lateral styles (g^1, g^2) is connected by two latticed lateral frenula (b^1, b^2) with the mouth (m) of the rhinocanna (t). The odd style (g^3) is free.

Fig. 3. Coelothauma duodenum, n. sp., × 20 1750

The entire shell, seen from the dorsal side. The long styles are enveloped by the yellowish calymma.

Fig. 4. Coelothauma duodenum, n. sp., × 80 1750

One valve of the shell (h), seen from the apical side; t, rhinocanna; m, its mouth; b^1, b^2, the two lateral frenula; g^1, g^2, the two paired styles; g^3, the odd style.

Fig. 5. Coelothauma duodenum, n. sp., × 80 1750

One valve of the shell, seen in profile. Characters as in fig. 4.

Fig. 6. Coelothamnus bivalvis, n. sp., × 30 1751

The entire shell, enveloped by the yellowish calymma, seen from the left side; between the two valves is the central capsule, with nucleus and astropyle.

Fig. 7. Coelothamnus bivalvis, n. sp., × 100 1751

A single lateral anchor-pencil.

Fig. 8. Coelothamnus bivalvis, n. sp., × 200 1751

Distal end of a style, with its anchor-pencils.

Fig. 9. Coelothamnus bivalvis, n. sp., × 400 1751

A single anchor-thread, with its quadridentate terminal spathilla.

PLATE 123.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCONCHIA.

Family CONCHARIDA.

(The central capsule is coloured red in the figures of this plate, the phæodium green).

Fig. 1. Concharium diatomeum, n. sp., 1717

Dorsal view. The central capsule (red) exhibits above the anterior tubular main-opening (astropyle), and below the two small posterior lateral openings (right and left parapylæ).

Fig. 2. Concharium bivalvum, n. sp., × 150 1717

Dorsal view. The central capsule is visible in the lower part, the margin of the two valves in the upper part of the figure.

Fig. 2_a_ exhibits the two smooth lateral margins of the valves, catching into one another. (Lateral view).

Fig. 3. Concharium nucula, n. sp., 1717

The dorsal valve alone, seen from the outside.

Fig. 4. Concharium bacillarium, n. sp., 1718

Lateral view from the smooth margin, by which the two valves are united.

Fig. 5. Conchasma radiolites, n. sp., × 300 1719

Lateral view. In the aboral half of the shell-cavity lies the red central capsule, in the oral half the green phæodium.

Fig. 6. Conchasma sphærulites, n. sp., × 300 1719

Lateral view. On the aboral pole the two horns of the hinge.

Fig. 7. Conchellium tridacna, n. sp., × 200 1720

Oblique lateral view (from the right and ventral side).

Fig. 7_a_. Three pores of the same, with their hexagonal frames and six internal denticles, × 400

Fig. 8. Conchopsis carinata, n. sp., × 150 1725

Lateral view, from the left side.

Fig. 9. Conchopsis lenticula, n. sp., × 150 1726

Lateral view, from the right side. The two membranes of the central capsule are separated by a wide interval in this and the preceding figure. The nucleus contains numerous nucleoli.

Fig. 9_a_. Two of the peculiar cells, which are contained in the green phæodium in large numbers, × 400

PLATE 124.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCONCHIA.

Family CONCHARIDA.

Fig. 1. Conchidium terebratula, n. sp., × 400 1721

Lateral view, from the left side.

Fig. 2. Conchidium terebratula, n. sp., × 800 1721

A piece of the frontal girdle-fissure, with the teeth of both valves catching into one another.

Fig. 3. Conchidium rhynchonella, n. sp., × 200 1722

Lateral view, from the left side.

Fig. 4. Conchidium leptæna, n. sp., × 300 1722

Girdle-fissure with the teeth, seen from the left side.

Fig. 5. Conchidium leptæna, n. sp., × 800 1722

A single tooth with its base.

Fig. 6. Conchidium thecidium, n. sp., × 300 1721

Lateral view, from the left side. In the oral part of the shell-cavity the dark phæodium, in the aboral part the central capsule with two nuclei (a dorsal and a ventral).

Fig. 7. Conchidium argiope, n. sp., × 300 1722

Oblique oral view (half from the anterior, half from the left side).

Fig. 8. Conchidium argiope, n. sp., × 300 1722

Dorsal valve, from below.

Fig. 9. Conchidium argiope, n. sp., × 600 1722

A piece of the valve margin, with four teeth.

Fig. 10. Conchonia diodon, n. sp., × 200 1723

Lateral view, from the left side. In the anterior part of the shell-cavity the dark phæodium, in the posterior part the central capsule with the nucleus. The two valves are connected at the posterior hinge by a ligament (to the right in the figure).

Fig. 11. Conchonia diodon, n. sp., × 400 1723

Mouth of the shell, with its two lips, seen from the oral pole.

Fig. 12. Conchonia diodon, n. sp., × 400 1723

A piece of the valve-margin, with four teeth.

Fig. 13. Conchonia triodon, n. sp., × 300 1724

Ventral valve, seen from the lower face.

Fig. 14. Conchonia triodon, n. sp., × 300 1724

Dorsal valve, seen from the left side.

Fig. 15. Conchoceras caudatum, n. sp., × 300 1727

Lateral view, from the left side.

Fig. 16. Conchoceras cornutum, n. sp., × 200 1728

Lateral view, from the left side.

PLATE 125.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCONCHIA.

Family CONCHARIDA.

Fig. 1. Conchopsis aspidium, n. sp., × 150 1726

Lateral view, from the left side.

Fig. 2. Conchopsis aspidium, n. sp., × 300 1726

The hinge of another specimen, in which the two valves are connected by a ligament (as in figs. 8 and 9, Pl. 123).

Fig. 3. Conchopsis orbicularis, n. sp., × 200 1725

Lateral view, from the left side.

Fig. 4. Conchopsis navicula, n. sp., × 150 1727

Lateral view, from the right side. In the lower (posterior) half of the figure is visible the central capsule with its dark nucleus, in the upper (anterior) half the phæodium with two broad sagittal wings.

Fig. 5. Conchopsis navicula, n. sp., × 400 1727

Three single pores with their hexagonal external frame and the dilated internal ovate or ampullaceous channel.

Fig. 6. Conchopsis navicula, n. sp., × 400 1727

Hinge of the shell, from the right side.

Fig. 7. Conchopsis compressa, n. sp., × 150 1725

Lateral view from the left side. The triangular central capsule with the dark nucleus is visible.

Fig. 8. Conchopsis compressa, n. sp., × 150 1725

Dorsal view of the upper valve with its keel.

Fig. 9. Conchopsis pilidium, n. sp., × 80 1726

The two valves separated and seen obliquely, half from the lateral, half from the internal side. The inner opening of each valve is bordered and partly closed by a broad horizontal velum or diaphragm like the deck of a boat.

PLATE 126.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCONCHIA.

Family COELOGRAPHIDA.

Figs. 1-1_c_. Coelographis regina, n. sp., 1752

Fig. 1. Lateral view. The central capsule it visible between the two valves of the inner shell, the galeæ of which are filled by the phæodium, × 20

Fig. 1_a_. Dorsal view (somewhat obliquely from the left side). The galeæ appear triangular, × 20

Fig. 1_b_. Basal view, × 20

Fig. 1_c_. Distal end of a style, × 300

Figs. 2-2_b_. Coelodecas sagittaria, n. sp., 1755

Fig. 2. One valve of the shell, seen from the outside, × 30

Fig. 2_a_. Distal end of a style, × 300

Figs. 3-3_a_. Coelostylus bisenarius, n. sp., 1756

Fig. 3. Lateral view of the bivalved shell. The central capsule is visible between the two valves of the inner shell, the galeæ of which are filled by the phæodium, × 20

Fig. 3_a_. Distal end of a style, × 300

Figs. 4-4_a_. Coelagalma mirabile, n. sp., 1759

Fig. 4. Dorsal view of the bivalved shell, × 30

Fig. 4_a_. Basal view of the bivalved shell, × 10

PLATE 127.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCONCHIA.

Family COELOGRAPHIDA.

Fig. 1. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 40 1757

One valve of the bivalved shell, seen from the inside, of the usual ovate form.

Fig. 2. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 40 1757

One valve of the bivalved shell, seen from the inside, of the rarer polyhedral form, which may be distinguished as a different species (Coeloplegma tritonis, compare p. 1758). h, hemispherical inner valve; g, galea; s, its base.

Fig. 3. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 40 1757

The entire shell, seen from the base of the aboral pole (dorsal and ventral valve connected by delicate teeth, catching into one another).

Fig. 4. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 100 1757

h, The two hemispherical inner valves of the shell, seen from the right side; n, the central nucleus inside the central capsule; d, the astropyle; g, the galea; t, the nasal tube, arising from its base; m, its mouth; p, the phæodium, which is partly thrown out by the nasal openings, filling up the galea and nasal tube.

Fig. 5. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 200 1757

h, The two hemispherical inner valves of the shell and the enclosed central capsule, seen from the oral side; d, the radiate operculum of the astropyle, seen in the frontal fissure between the two valves; n, the nucleus; k, the crystals; g, galea; g^1-g^5, the styles arising from the galea; t, nasal tube; m, mouth of it.

Fig. 6. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 600 1757

Oral part of a central capsule, in profile. o, Opening of the proboscis; d, radiate operculum of the astropyle, which gives rise to the proboscis; e, the outer, i, the inner membrane of the capsule; k, groups of crystals; n, nucleus.

Fig. 7. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., ×1000 1757

Three single groups of crystals, taken from the central capsule.

Fig. 8. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 300 1757

One inner valve of the shell, in profile. h, hemispherical valve; g, galea; g^1-g^5, the tubes arising from it; t, rhinocanna or nasal tube; m, its mouth; b, frenulum.

Fig. 9. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 400 1757

g, The galea; t, rhinocanna of one inner valve; m, its mouth; p, phæodella filling up both the galea and the mouth of the rhinocanna. g^1-g^5, the styles arising from the galea; s, sieve-plate, which separates the cavity of the galea from the hemispherical valve (h). View in profile.

Fig. 10. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 300 1757

An anchor-pencil of the outer shell.

Fig. 11. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., ×1000 1757

A single anchor-thread of a pencil.

Fig. 12. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., × 300 1757

Terminal branches of a style.

Fig. 13. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., ×1000 1757

A single terminal branch of a style.

PLATE 128.

LEGION PHÆODARIA.

Order PHÆOCONCHIA.

Family COELOGRAPHIDA.

Fig. 1. Coelospathis ancorata, n. sp., × 50 1754

Lateral view of the entire shell. The central capsule is visible between the two valves of the inner shell. The galeæ and rhinocannæ of the two inner valves are filled up by the black phæodium.

Fig. 2. Coelospathis ancorata, n. sp., × 100 1754

The two valves of the inner shell; the galeæ and rhinocannæ of which are filled up by the black phæodium. Between the mouth of the two rhinocannæ is prominent the proboscis of the astropyle, arising from the radiate operculum of the central capsule. The latter contains numerous crystals and a big dark nucleus. Lateral view.

Fig. 3. Coelospathis ancorata, n. sp., × 200 1754

The rhinocanna or the nasal tube of one valve, and the latticed frenulum which connects its mouth with the top of the galea.

Fig. 4. Coelospathis ancorata, n. sp., × 80 1754

Distal end of a style.

Fig. 5. Coelospathis ancorata, n. sp., × 200 1754

Terminal branches of a style.

Fig. 6. Coelospathis ancorata, n. sp., × 600 1754

Lateral branch of a style, with an anchor-pencil.

Fig. 7. Coelospathis ancorata, n. sp., × 300 1754

The lateral margins of the latticed valves of the outer shell or mantle, catching into one another, without being connected directly.

Fig. 8. Coelospathis octostyla, n. sp., × 300 1754

Terminal branches of a style.

Fig. 9. Coelospathis octodactyla, n. sp., × 400 1755

A single terminal branch of a style.

PLATE 129.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Orders ACTINELLIDA et ACANTHONIDA.

Families ASTROLOPHIDA, LITHOLOPHIDA, CHIASTOLIDA et ASTROLONCHIDA.

Fig. 1. Actinelius primordialis, n. sp., × 100 730

The red central capsule, coloured by carmine, contains numerous intensely stained nuclei.

Fig. 2. Litholophus decapristis, n. sp., × 300 735

The conical central capsule contains numerous nuclei. The calymma exhibits on the distal end of each spine a coronet of myophriscs.

Fig. 3. Chiastolus amphicopium, n. sp., × 150 738

Sixteen diametral spines pierce the spherical, red coloured capsule. The conical sheets of the calymma bear myophriscs.

Figs. 3_a_, 3_b_. Two isolated diametral spines exhibiting the peculiar spiral revolution at their central part, × 300

Fig. 4. Xiphacantha ciliata, n. sp., × 300 761

The spherical central capsule is coloured red. The yellowish calymma envelops the radial spines completely. The polygonal network of lines, in which the radiating pseudopodia are symmetrically arranged, is partly visible.

Fig. 5. Xiphacantha ciliata, n. sp., × 300 761

The central part of the skeleton, exhibiting the central junction of the radial spines.

Fig. 6. Acanthometron dolichoscion, n. sp., × 300 743

Central capsule of a young specimen; in its upper half the peculiar kidney-shaped nucleus is visible, with its invagination; in the lower half some nucleated yellow cells are visible (intracapsular xanthellæ). These and the nucleus are stained by carmine.

Fig. 7. Acanthometron dolichoscion, n. sp., × 300 743

Cleavage of an isolated nucleus, with four buds.

Fig. 8. Acanthometron dolichoscion, n. sp., × 300 743

A central capsule with four large budding nuclei; and numerous small spherical nuclei produced by gemmation.

Fig. 9. Acanthonia tetracopa, n. sp., × 400 749

Central capsule of s young specimen, with a large, irregularly lobate nucleus.

Fig. 10. Acanthonia tetracopa, n. sp., × 400 749

An isolated nucleus, exhibiting the peculiar invagination, with its circular folds, and the connection with the flatly conical nucleolus.

Fig. 11. Acanthonia tetracopa, n. sp., × 800 749

Four flagellate spores.

PLATE 130.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order ACANTHONIDA.

Family ASTROLONCHIDA.

Fig. 1. Acanthometron bulbiferum, n. sp., × 300 745

Fig. 2. Acanthometron cylindricum, n. sp., × 200 743

Fig. 3. Lithophyllium gladiatum, n. sp., × 200 754

Fig. 4. Stauracantha quadrifurca, n. sp., × 300 764

Fig. 5. Stauracantha orthostaura, n. sp., × 200 762

Fig. 6. Phatnacantha icosaspis, n. sp., × 400 765

Fig. 7. Pristacantha polyodon, n. sp., × 300 766

Fig. 8. Pristacantha dodecodon, n. sp., × 300 766

Only the central parts and the leaf-cross.

Fig. 9. Pristacantha octodon, n. sp., × 200 765

PLATE 131.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order ACANTHONIDA.

Family QUADRILONCHIDA.

Fig. 1. Quadrilonche mesostaura, n. sp., × 300 777

Fig. 2. Quadrilonche platystaura, n. sp., × 100 777

Fig. 3. Xiphoptera dodecactena, n. sp., × 200 778

The central capsule with the central part of the skeleton.

Fig. 4. Lonchostaurus bifurcus, n. sp., × 300 773

Fig. 5. Lonchostaurus crystallinus, n. sp., × 400 773

Fig. 6. Lonchostaurus rhomboides, n. sp., × 200 772

The radial spines are completely enclosed in the rhombic calymma, the surface of which is covered with small plates, similar to those in the shell of the Sphærocapsida.

Fig. 7. Zygostaurus amphithectus, n. sp., × 300 774

The square central capsule envelops the half skeleton.

Fig. 8. Zygostaurus sagittalis, n. sp., × 300 775

Fig. 9. Lithoptera tetraptera, n. sp., × 300 779

Fig. 10. Lithoptera quadrata, n. sp., × 300 780

The central part of the skeleton is enclosed by the four-lobed central capsule.

PLATE 132.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Orders ACTINELLIDA ET ACANTHONIDA.

Families ASTROLOPHIDA, ASTROLONCHIDA et AMPHILONCHIDA.

Fig. 1. Amphilonche lanceolata, n. sp., × 300 783

Fig. 2. Amphilonche hydrotomica, n. sp., × 300 786

The spindle-shaped central capsule is filled up with small granules. The clear calymma forms conical sheaths for the spines, with myophriscs.

Fig. 3. Amphilonche diodon, n. sp., × 300 783

Fig. 4. Amphilonche concreta, n. sp., × 100 787

A complete specimen with the cylindrical central capsule.

Fig. 4_a_. Central part of the skeleton, × 400

Fig. 5. Amphilonche violina, n. sp., × 300 787

Fig. 6. Amphilonche conica, n. sp., × 300 785

The ellipsoidal central capsule contains numerous nuclei and is enclosed by the calymma. The conical sheaths of the latter include the radial spines completely and exhibit coronets of myophriscs.

Fig. 7. Acantholonche amphipolaris, n. sp., × 200 790

Fig. 8. Acantholonche peripolaris, n. sp., × 300 791

Fig. 9. Amphibelone pyramidata, n. sp., × 300 789

Fig. 10. Amphibelone cultellata, n. sp., × 400 789

The central capsule contains numerous spherical nuclei and is enclosed by the hyaline calymma, which forms conical sheaths around the spines.

Fig. 11. Stauracantha johannis, n. sp., × 400 763

Basal part of a radial spine, exhibiting the peculiar torsion of the basal leaf-cross and the central apex.

Fig. 12. Astrolophus solaris, n. sp., × 200 732

Fig. 12_a_. A group of larger and smaller radial spines united in the centre.

Fig. 12_b_. Three isolated spines (one larger and two smaller), × 200

PLATE 133.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.

Families SPHÆROCAPSIDA, DORATASPIDA et PHRACTOPELTIDA.

Fig. 1. Phractopelta dorataspis, n. sp., × 300 852

Fig. 2. Dorypelta tessaraspis, n. sp., × 300 858

Fig. 3. Stauropelta cruciata, n. sp., × 400 859

Fig. 4. Pantopelta icosaspis, n. sp., × 400 855

Meridional section through the double shell.

Fig. 5. Octopelta scutella, n. sp., × 400 856

Proximal part of two meeting spines, isolated.

Fig. 6. Orophaspis furcata, n. sp., × 400 818

Fig. 7. Porocapsa murrayana, n. sp., × 300 800

The central capsule is filled up by spherical vacuoles and enclosed by the porous shell; in the centre radii of small granules (nuclei ?) occur.

Fig. 8. Cannocapsa stethoscopium, n. sp., × 300 801

The shell alone.

Fig. 9. Astrocapsa coronata, n. sp., × 400 799

Middle part of one spine with the four aspinal holes.

Fig. 9_a_. Transverse section of a radial spine, with the four surrounding aspinal holes and the neighbouring part of the shell, × 400

Fig. 10. Astrocapsa stellata, n. sp., × 400 799

Part of one spine, with the aspinal holes and their four triangular teeth.

Fig. 11. Cenocapsa nirvana, n. sp., × 200 802

The entire shell, with its pavement of small plates and the twenty cruciform perspinal holes.

Fig. 11_a_. A group of small ovate plates which compose the shell; in each plate a dimple with a porule, × 400

Fig. 11_b_. A cruciform perspinal hole, seen from the face, × 400

Fig. 11_c_. A cruciform perspinal hole, with its four teeth, seen in profile, × 400

PLATE 134.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.

Family DORATASPIDA.

Fig. 1. Dodecaspis tricincta, n. sp., × 400 834

The enclosed central capsule contains numerous spherical nuclei.

Fig. 2. Lychnaspis minima, n. sp., × 400 841

Six-sided basal pyramid of an equatorial spine, with the leaf-cross, seen from the centre.

Fig. 3. Zonaspis cingulata, n. sp., × 400 834

Equatorial section through the central capsule. n, nuclei; g, yellow bodies (intracapsular xanthellæ).

Fig. 4. Zonaspis cingulata, n. sp., × 800 834

Central pyramidal base of an equatorial spine, with the leaf-cross.

Fig. 5. Stauraspis cruciata, n. sp., × 400 831

Central union of the radial spines, three polar spines being taken off.

Fig. 6. Lychnaspis longissima, n. sp., × 400 841

Fig. 7. Lychnaspis minima, n. sp., × 400 841

Five-sided basal pyramid of a tropical spine, with the leaf-cross, seen from the centre.

Fig. 8. Lychnaspis minima, n. sp., × 400 841

Six-sided basal pyramid of a polar spine, with the leaf-cross, seen from the centre.

Fig. 9. Icosaspis elegans, n. sp., × 400 844

An isolated polar plate.

Fig. 10. Icosaspis cruciata, n. sp., × 400 844

An isolated equatorial plate.

Fig. 11, 12. Dorataspis species, × 100

Diagram of the composition of the shell of twenty plates (and also of the central union of the basal leaf-cross).

Fig. 11. Oblique equatorial aspect.

Fig. 12. Accurate polar aspect (compare p. 804, 805).

Fig. 13. Coscinaspis isopora, n. sp., × 400 828

An isolated equatorial plate (with two aspinal and six coronal pores).

Fig. 14. Coscinaspis isopora, n. sp., × 400 828

Two isolated tropical plates (b, northern; d, southern), each with two aspinal and five coronal pores.

Fig. 15. Diporaspis nephropora, n. sp., × 400 816

Fig. 16. Acontaspis hastata, n. sp., × 400 829

PLATE 135.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.

Families SPHÆROCAPSIDA et DORATASPIDA.

Fig. 1. Hylaspis serrulata, n. sp., × 300 846

Fig. 2. Lychnaspis undulata, n. sp., × 400 841

Fig. 3. Lychnaspis giltschii, n. sp., × 400 839

The spherical central capsule is enclosed in the shell.

Fig. 4. Lychnaspis rottenburgii, n. sp., × 400 841

Fig. 5. Zonaspis æquatorialis, n. sp., × 300 834

Fig. 6. Sphærocapsa cruciata, n. sp., × 150 798

The entire shell, with its twenty cruciate perspinal holes.

Fig. 7. Sphærocapsa cruciata, n. sp., × 800 798

Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of the shell.

Fig. 8. Sphærocapsa quadrata, n. sp., × 800 798

A group of pores and dimples in the shell surface.

Fig. 9. Sphærocapsa dentata, n. sp., × 800 798

Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of the shell.

Fig. 10. Sphærocapsa pavimentata, n. sp., × 800 798

Insertion of one spine in the perspinal hole of the shell, which is composed of four cruciate aspinal holes and surrounded by a group of dimples and pores.

PLATE 136.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Orders SPHÆROPHRACTA ET PRUNOPHRACTA.

Families DORATASPIDA et BELONASPIDA.

Fig. 1. Tessaraspis arachnoides, n. sp., × 300 836

Fig. 2. Icosaspis tabulata, n. sp., × 200 843

Fig. 3. Icosaspis icosastaura, n. sp., × 400 846

Fig. 4. Icosaspis elegans, n. sp., × 300 844

Fig. 5. Tessaraspis concreta, n. sp., × 400 838

Fig. 6. Phatnaspis cristata, n. sp., × 400 869

Fig. 7. Phatnaspis haliommidium, n. sp., × 200 871

Central capsule within the shell--outline.

Fig. 8. Coscinaspis polypora, n. sp., × 300 827

A single lattice-plate of the shell.

Fig. 9. Phatnaspis lacunaria, n. sp., × 400 869

PLATE 137.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.

Family DORATASPIDA.

Fig. 1. Phractaspis complanata, n. sp., × 400 809

Fig. 2. Phractaspis prototypus, n. sp., × 400 809

Fig. 3. Phractaspis constricta, n. sp., × 400 810

Fig. 4. Pleuraspis horrida, n. sp., × 400 811

Fig. 5. Stauruspis stauracantha, n. sp., × 300 832

Fig. 6. Stauruspis stauracantha, n. sp., × 600 832

A single spine.

Fig. 7. Echinaspis echinoides, n. sp., × 300 833

Fig. 8. Echinaspis echinoides, n. sp., × 800 833

A single spine.

Fig. 9. Coscinaspis parmipora, n. sp., × 400 827

PLATE 138.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order SPHÆROPHRACTA.

Family DORATASPIDA.

Fig. 1. Coscinaspis peripora (vel Dorataspis peripora), n. sp., × 300 826

Fig. 2. Dorataspis fusigera, n. sp., × 400 813

Fig. 3. Dorataspis micropora, n. sp., × 300 815

Fig. 4. Dorataspis typica, n. sp., × 300 815

Fig. 4_a_. Polar view of the central union of the twenty spines, × 300 815

Fig. 5. Ceriaspis inermis, n. sp., × 400 821

Fig. 6. Ceriaspis favosa, n. sp., × 400 821

Fig. 7. Hystrichaspis fruticata, n. sp., × 300 825

Fig. 8. Hystrichaspis pectinata, n. sp., × 300 822

Fig. 9. Hystrichaspis furcata, n. sp., × 400 822

Fig. 10. Hystrichaspis dorsata, n. sp., × 300 823

Fig. 11. Hystrichaspis cristata (vel _Siphonaspis cristata_, n. sp.), × 400 823

PLATE 139.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order PRUNOPHRACTA.

Families BELONASPIDA et HEXALSPIDA.

Fig. 1. Hexacolpus nivalis, n. sp., × 300 880

Fig. 2. Hexalaspis heliodiscus, n. sp., × 300 875

Fig. 3. Hexaconus ciliatus, n. sp., × 300 876

Fig. 4. Hexaconus serratus, n. sp., × 300 877

c, Central base of an equatorial spine; d, central base of a tropical spine.

Fig. 5. Hexaconus coronatus, n. sp., × 300 877

Fig. 6. Hexaconus velatus, n. sp., × 300 877

Marginal view of the shell.

Fig. 7. Hexaconus vaginatus, n. sp., × 300 877

Fig. 8. Thoracaspis bipennis, n. sp., × 300 862

Fig. 9. Belonaspis datura, n. sp., × 400 863

PLATE 140.

LEGION ACANTHARIA.

Order PRUNOPHRACTA.

Families BELONASPIDA, HEXALASPIDA et DIPLOCONIDA.

Fig. 1. Diploconus amalla, n. sp., × 300 885

Fig. 2. Diploconus hexaphyllus, n. sp., × 300 886

Fig. 3. Diploconus cyathiscus, n. sp., × 300 885

Fig. 4. Diploconus cotyliscus, n. sp., × 400 886

Polar view.

Fig. 5. Diplocolpus serratus, n. sp., × 300 888

Fig. 6. Diplocolpus cristatus, n. sp., × 400 887

Fig. 7. Diplocolpus costatus, n. sp., × 400 887

Fig. 8. Diplocolpus sulcatus, n. sp., × 300 888

Fig. 9. Diplocolpus dentatus, n. sp., × 300 888

Meridional section through the centre of the shell.

Fig. 10. Hexacolpus infundibulum, n. sp., × 300 881

Fig. 11. Hexacolpus trypanon, n. sp., × 300 881

Fig. 12. Hexaconus echinatus, n. sp., × 300 878

Fig. 13. Coleaspis vaginata, n. sp., × 300 866

Meridional section through the shell.

Fig. 14. Coleaspis hydrotomica, n. sp., × 400 867

Fig. 15. Hexonaspis hexapleura, n. sp., × 400 879

A single spine with its thick apophyses.

Fig. 16. Hexonaspis hastata, n. sp., × 400 879

* * * * * *

* * * * *

Corrections made to printed text

Plate 4, heading: 'Order BELOIDEA. Family Sphærozoida.' corrected from 'Order LARCOIDEA. Family Tholonida.'

Plate 22, fig. 11: 'quadricuspis' corrected from 'quadricuspsis'.

Plate 31, fig. 9: 'distyliscus' corrected from 'dictyliscus'.

Plate 45, fig. 11: 'maclaganium' corrected from 'maclagganium' (per text).

Plate 66, fig. 3: 'dioscoridis' corrected from 'discoridis'.

Plate 96, heading: 'Lithobotryida' corrected from 'Lihtobotryida'.

Plate 105, fig. 11: 'gemmascens' corrected from 'gemmasceus'

Plate 128, fig. 2: 'rhinocannæ' (first time) corrected from 'rhinnocannæ'

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