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On War

Carl von Clausewitz · Public domain text

292,897 words · about 20 h 31 min to read

Cover of On War

Text only · 1 illustration omitted. Illustrated source.

About this edition

The text of On War comes from Project Gutenberg e-text #1946. It is in English and public domain in the United States. Translated by J. J. Graham. Project Gutenberg’s header and license text are removed, and RedLectern sets the text out for reading on screen; no words of the book are rewritten or summarized. More formats (EPUB, Kindle) · How RedLectern is built

This text-only edition leaves out 1 illustration. See the illustrated edition at Project Gutenberg.

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About this book

Author
Carl von Clausewitz (1780–1831)
Language
English
Subjects
Military art and science, War
Length
292,897 words · about 20 h 31 min
Sections
130 reader sections · Table of contents
Contents (130)
  1. Opening about 4 min
  2. Introduction about 11 min
  3. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION about 8 min
  4. NOTICE about 6 min
  5. THE INTRODUCTION OF THE AUTHOR about 9 min
  6. I. What is War? about 33 min
  7. II. Ends and Means in War about 26 min
  8. III. The Genius for War about 34 min
  9. IV. Of Danger in War about 3 min
  10. V. Of Bodily Exertion in War about 3 min
  11. VI. Information in War about 3 min
  12. VII. Friction in War about 5 min
  13. VIII. Concluding Remarks, Book I about 3 min
  14. I. Branches of the Art of War about 14 min
  15. II. On the Theory of War about 30 min
  16. III. Art or Science of War about 4 min
  17. IV. Methodicism about 10 min
  18. V. Criticism about 35 min
  19. VI. On Examples about 12 min
  20. I. Strategy about 14 min
  21. II. Elements of Strategy about 2 min
  22. III. Moral Forces about 3 min
  23. IV. The Chief Moral Powers about 2 min
  24. V. Military Virtue of an Army about 7 min
  25. VI. Boldness about 7 min
  26. VII. Perseverance about 2 min
  27. VIII. Superiority of Numbers about 9 min
  28. IX. The Surprise about 8 min
  29. X. Stratagem about 3 min
  30. XI. Assembly of Forces in Space about 1 min
  31. XII. Assembly of Forces in Time about 12 min
  32. XIII. Strategic Reserve about 5 min
  33. XIV. Economy of Forces about 1 min
  34. XV. Geometrical Element about 3 min
  35. XVI. On the Suspension of the Act in War about 8 min
  36. XVII. On the Character of Modern War about 2 min
  37. XVIII. Tension and Rest about 4 min
  38. I. Introductory about 1 min
  39. II. Character of a Modern Battle about 2 min
  40. III. The Combat in General about 7 min
  41. IV. The Combat in General (continuation) about 13 min
  42. V. On the Signification of the Combat about 4 min
  43. VI. Duration of Combat about 2 min
  44. VII. Decision of the Combat about 13 min
  45. VIII. Mutual Understanding as to a Battle about 5 min
  46. IX. The Battle(*) about 10 min
  47. X. Effects of Victory about 10 min
  48. XI. The Use of the Battle about 10 min
  49. XII. Strategic Means of Utilising Victory about 19 min
  50. XIII. Retreat After a Lost Battle about 4 min
  51. XIV. Night Fighting about 7 min
  52. I. General Scheme under 1 min
  53. II. Theatre of War, Army, Campaign about 3 min
  54. III. Relation of Power about 5 min
  55. IV. Relation of the Three Arms about 16 min
  56. V. Order of Battle of an Army about 11 min
  57. VI. General Disposition of an Army about 11 min
  58. VII. Advanced Guard and Out-Posts about 14 min
  59. VIII. Mode of Action of Advanced Corps about 8 min
  60. IX. Camps about 4 min
  61. X. Marches about 13 min
  62. XI. Marches (Continued) about 6 min
  63. XII. Marches (continued) about 5 min
  64. XIII. Cantonments about 11 min
  65. XIV. Subsistence about 29 min
  66. XV. Base of Operations about 8 min
  67. XVI. Lines of Communication about 7 min
  68. XVII. On Country and Ground about 8 min
  69. XVIII. Command of Ground about 7 min
  70. I. Offence and Defence about 7 min
  71. II. The Relations of the Offensive and Defensive to Each Other in Tactics about 6 min
  72. III. The Relations of the Offensive and Defensive to Each Other in Strategy about 8 min
  73. IV. Convergence of Attack and Divergence of Defence about 6 min
  74. V. Character of the Strategic Defensive about 4 min
  75. VI. Extent of the Means of Defence about 12 min
  76. VII. Mutual Action and Reaction of Attack and Defence about 3 min
  77. VIII. Methods of Resistance about 28 min
  78. IX. Defensive Battle about 8 min
  79. X. Fortresses about 18 min
  80. XI. Fortresses (Continued) about 9 min
  81. XII. Defensive Position about 10 min
  82. XIII. Strong Positions and Entrenched Camps about 12 min
  83. XIV. Flank Positions about 4 min
  84. XV. Defence of Mountains about 14 min
  85. XVI. Defence of Mountains (Continued) about 15 min
  86. XVII. Defence of Mountains (continued) about 10 min
  87. XVIII. Defence of Streams and Rivers about 30 min
  88. XIX. Defence of Streams and Rivers (continued) about 4 min
  89. XX. A. Defence of Swamps about 11 min
  90. XXI. Defence of Forests about 2 min
  91. XX. The Cordon about 7 min
  92. XXIII. Key to the Country about 8 min
  93. XXIV. Operating Against a Flank about 20 min
  94. XXV. Retreat into the Interior of the Country about 24 min
  95. XXVI. Arming the Nation about 13 min
  96. XXVII. Defence of a Theatre of War about 8 min
  97. XXVIII. Defence of a Theatre of War—(continued) about 27 min
  98. XXIX. Defence of a Theatre of War (continued) Successive Resistance about 5 min
  99. XXX. Defence of a Theatre of War (continued) When no Decision is Sought for about 48 min
  100. I. The Attack in Relation to the Defence about 2 min
  101. II. Nature of the Strategical Attack about 5 min
  102. III. Of the Objects of Strategical Attack about 1 min
  103. IV. Decreasing Force of the Attack about 1 min
  104. V. Culminating Point of the Attack about 1 min
  105. VI. Destruction of the Enemy’s Armies about 2 min
  106. VII. The Offensive Battle about 3 min
  107. VIII. Passage of Rivers about 5 min
  108. IX. Attack on Defensive Positions about 2 min
  109. X. Attack on an Entrenched Camp about 2 min
  110. XI. Attack on a Mountain about 5 min
  111. XII. Attack on Cordon Lines about 1 min
  112. XIII. Manœuvring about 4 min
  113. XIV. Attack on Morasses, Inundations, Woods about 3 min
  114. XV. Attack on a Theatre of War with the View to a Decision about 7 min
  115. XVI. Attack on a Theatre of War without the View to a Great Decision about 7 min
  116. XVII. Attack on Fortresses about 8 min
  117. XVIII. Attack on Convoys about 4 min
  118. XIX. Attack on the Enemy’s Army in its Cantonments about 10 min
  119. XX. Diversion about 5 min
  120. XXI. Invasion about 1 min
  121. XXII. On the Culminating Point of Victory(*) about 17 min
  122. I. Introduction about 4 min
  123. II. Absolute and Real War about 6 min
  124. III. A. Interdependence of the Parts in War about 29 min
  125. IV. Ends in War More Precisely Defined Overthrow of the Enemy about 14 min
  126. V. Ends in War More Precisely Defined (continued) Limited Object about 3 min
  127. VI. A. Influence of the Political Object on the Military Object about 18 min
  128. VII. Limited Object—Offensive War about 5 min
  129. VIII. Limited Object—Defence about 8 min
  130. IX. Plan of War when the Destruction of the Enemy is the Object about 51 min

The opening of Introduction

The Germans interpret their new national colours—black, red, and white—by the saying, “Durch Nacht und Blut zur licht.” (“Through night and blood to light”), and no work yet written conveys to the thinker a clearer conception of all that the red streak in their flag stands for than this deep and philosophical analysis of “War” by Clausewitz.

It reveals “War,” stripped of all accessories, as the exercise of force for the attainment of a political object, unrestrained by any law save that of expediency, and thus gives the key to the interpretation of German political aims, past, present, and future, which is unconditionally necessary for every student of the modern conditions of Europe. Step by step, every event since Waterloo follows with logical consistency from the teachings of Napoleon, formulated for the first time, some twenty years afterwards, by this remarkable thinker.

Read on in Part 1 →